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[
"Social Democratic Party of Germany"
] | easy | Which political party did Ernst Reuter belong to from 1912 to 1922? | /wiki/Ernst_Reuter#P102#0 | Ernst Reuter Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter ( 29 July 1889 – 29 September 1953 ) was the German mayor of West Berlin from 1948 to 1953 , during the time of the Cold War . Biography . Early years . Reuter was born in Apenrade ( Aabenraa ) , Province of Schleswig-Holstein ( now in Denmark ) . He spent his childhood days in Leer where a public square is named after him . Reuter attended the universities of Münster and Marburg where he completed his studies in 1912 and passed the examinations as a teacher . Moreover , he was member in a fraternity called SBV Frankonia Marburg . The same year he became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) . Reuter opposed Kaiser Wilhelms regime at the start of the First World War . After being drafted , Reuter was wounded and captured by Russians during the Bolshevik Revolution . In captivity , Reuter joined the Bolsheviks and organized his fellow prisoners into a soviet . In 1917 , Lenin sent him to Saratov in the to-be-established Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . Weimar Republic . Upon his return to Germany , Reuter joined the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) and was named the First Secretary of its Berlin section . He embraced a position on the left wing of the party endorsing an open rebellion in March 1921 in central Germany and placed himself hereby in opposition to the leader of the party , Paul Levi . Although Reuter was seen as a favorite of Lenin , he was expelled from the party in 1922 . He moved briefly to the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany ( USPD ) , and then returned to the Social Democrats for good . In 1926 , Reuter entered services in the government of Berlin and was responsible for transportation . Accomplishments were the foundation of the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe ( BVG ) , the introduction of a unified ticket for public transportation , and extensions of the Berlin subway system . From 1931 until 1933 , Reuter was the mayor of Magdeburg where he fought lack of housing and jobs due to the economic crisis . He also was elected as a member of the Reichstag . In 1933 , with the Nazis now in power , he was forced to resign his positions and was brought to the concentration camp ( KZ ) Lichtenburg near Torgau . After his release , he went into exile in Turkey in 1935 where he stayed until the end to the Nazi era . In Ankara he lectured at the University , introduced urban planning as a university discipline , and served as consultant to the Government . Post-war Berlin . After the end of World War II , Reuter returned to Berlin , and was elected in 1946 to the Magistrate ( governing body ) where he oversaw initially the Transportation Department . In 1947 he was elected Lord Mayor ( Oberbürgermeister ) of Berlin but in the deepening crisis of the Cold War , the Soviet government withheld their necessary consent . Reuter is most notable for his stance during the Cold War in Berlin . During the Soviet-imposed Berlin Blockade ( 1948/49 ) , the western part of city was sustained by the Berlin airlift that was established by the American Military Governor , Lucius D . Clay . In response to the threat , the citizens in the western sectors had to come together . Ernst Reuter became their spokesman and leader , a symbolic figure of the Free Berlin . Memorable is Reuters speech in front of the burned-out Reichstag building on 9 September 1948 , facing a crowd of 300,000 where he appealed to the world not to abandon Berlin . In the election that was conducted in the western part of Berlin two months later , his popularity gave the SPD the highest win with 64.5% ever achieved by any party in a free election in Germany . As mayor he formed a grand coalition government with the next two largest parties to demonstrate West Berlins unity . Reuters appeal to the West did not go unheard . The airlift saved the city from starvation , and Reuter became only the second German postwar politician ( after Konrad Adenauer ) to be placed on the cover of Time magazine . He was titled Herr Berlin . When the new Berlin State Constitution became effective for the western sectors of Berlin , Reuter was re-elected and on 18 January 1951 , became what was now called the Governing Mayor ( Regierender Bürgermeister ) of Berlin . He served in this function until his death . When the Soviets created the German Democratic Republic , the Soviet sector of Berlin was declared its capital and a mayor was selected for that sector . But the Western Allies refused to recognize the division of Berlin , and the Mayor elected in their sectors was still considered the Governing Mayor of all Berlin . This was the case until the unification of Germany . The Western Allies insisted on the unity of Berlin , which was their basis for authority in all sectors . Thus , Governing Mayors were always Mayors of Berlin . Under his aegis , the Free University of Berlin was founded , as the University of Berlin was in the Soviet sector and under communist rule . In 1953 Reuter established the Bürgermeister-Reuter-Stiftung ( Mayor Reuter Foundation ) to assist refugees coming to West-Berlin . A few months after the uprising of 17 June 1953 in East Berlin , Reuter died from a sudden heart attack in West Berlin . He was 64 years old . His funeral was attended by more than 1 million people and he was honored with an Ehrengrab ( honorary grave ) in the Waldfriedhof Zehlendorf . Family . Reuter was married in 1920 , and he and his wife Lotte ( Charlotte ) had two children , Hella ( 1920–1983 ) , and ( Gerd Edzard ) Harry ( 1921–1992 ) who became a British citizen and a professor of mathematics . Harrys son Timothy was a distinguished mediaeval historian . In 1927 Reuter divorced Charlotte and remarried . He and his second wife Hanna had one son , Edzard , who became the CEO of Daimler-Benz . Honours . - Ernst-Reuter-Plakette ( Ernst Reuter Medal ) : the highest award by the City of Berlin was established by the Senate of Berlin for persons whose work benefited the city in 1954 . - Ernst-Reuter-Gesellschaft ( Ernst Reuter Association ) : a group of alumni and friends of the Free University of Berlin that was founded in 1954 . The Association names the winners of the annual Ernst-Reuter-Preis for excellent dissertations from the university and provideds Ernst-Reuter-Stipends for studies abroad . - Former places where Reuter lived received memorial plaques : Hardenbergstraße 35 ( Berlin-Charlottenburg ) , and Bülowstraße 33 ( Berlin-Zehlendorf ) . - Among the many places in Berlin that commemorate Reuter are : - a major public square and subway station Ernst-Reuter-Platz ( Berlin U-Bahn ) , - a government building - a school - a youth hostel Other towns in Germany have streets or schools named after Ernst Reuter . Quote . - Ihr Völker der Welt .. . Schaut auf diese Stadt und erkennt , dass ihr diese Stadt und dieses Volk nicht preisgeben dürft , nicht preisgeben könnt ! ( People of this world.. . look upon this city and see that you should not , cannot abandon this city and this people ) —Reuters speech from 9 September 1948 ( German ) Publications . - Ernst Reuter : Rationalisierung der Berliner Verkehrsbedienung . Verkehrstechnik ( 29 June 1928 ) 9 ; 26:437–439 . - Ernst Reuter : Die Gründung der Berliner Verkehrs-A.-G . Verkehrstechnik ( 14 December 1928 ) 9 ; 50 : 917–919 Literature . - Willy Brandt , Richard Löwenthal : Ernst Reuter . Ein Leben für die Freiheit ( Eine politische Biographie ) . München : Kindler Verlag , 1957 - Klaus Harpprecht : Ernst Reuter . Ein Leben für die Freiheit ( Eine Biographie in Bildern und Dokumenten ) . München : Kindler Verlag , 1957 - Ernst Reuter . Schriften – Reden . Hg . v . Hans E . Hirschfeld und Hans J . Reichardt . Vorwort von Willy Brandt . Bd . 1–4 . Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Wien 1972–1975 . - David E . Barclay : Schaut auf diese Stadt : Der unbekannte Ernst Reuter . Berlin : Siedler Verlag , 2000 . - Andreas Daum , Kennedy in Berlin . New York : Cambridge University Press , 2008 , . References . This article is based on the in the German Wikipedia from 10 May 2006 . External links . - Ernst Reuter Page of the SPD ( German ) - Biography ( German ) - Honors for Ernst Reuters ( German ) - Foundation:Bürgermeister-Reuter-Stiftung - Ernst Reuter Association - Ernst Reuter Foundation for Advanced Study |
[
"Social Democratic Party of Germany"
] | easy | Which party was Ernst Reuter a member of from 1922 to 1923? | /wiki/Ernst_Reuter#P102#1 | Ernst Reuter Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter ( 29 July 1889 – 29 September 1953 ) was the German mayor of West Berlin from 1948 to 1953 , during the time of the Cold War . Biography . Early years . Reuter was born in Apenrade ( Aabenraa ) , Province of Schleswig-Holstein ( now in Denmark ) . He spent his childhood days in Leer where a public square is named after him . Reuter attended the universities of Münster and Marburg where he completed his studies in 1912 and passed the examinations as a teacher . Moreover , he was member in a fraternity called SBV Frankonia Marburg . The same year he became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) . Reuter opposed Kaiser Wilhelms regime at the start of the First World War . After being drafted , Reuter was wounded and captured by Russians during the Bolshevik Revolution . In captivity , Reuter joined the Bolsheviks and organized his fellow prisoners into a soviet . In 1917 , Lenin sent him to Saratov in the to-be-established Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . Weimar Republic . Upon his return to Germany , Reuter joined the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) and was named the First Secretary of its Berlin section . He embraced a position on the left wing of the party endorsing an open rebellion in March 1921 in central Germany and placed himself hereby in opposition to the leader of the party , Paul Levi . Although Reuter was seen as a favorite of Lenin , he was expelled from the party in 1922 . He moved briefly to the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany ( USPD ) , and then returned to the Social Democrats for good . In 1926 , Reuter entered services in the government of Berlin and was responsible for transportation . Accomplishments were the foundation of the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe ( BVG ) , the introduction of a unified ticket for public transportation , and extensions of the Berlin subway system . From 1931 until 1933 , Reuter was the mayor of Magdeburg where he fought lack of housing and jobs due to the economic crisis . He also was elected as a member of the Reichstag . In 1933 , with the Nazis now in power , he was forced to resign his positions and was brought to the concentration camp ( KZ ) Lichtenburg near Torgau . After his release , he went into exile in Turkey in 1935 where he stayed until the end to the Nazi era . In Ankara he lectured at the University , introduced urban planning as a university discipline , and served as consultant to the Government . Post-war Berlin . After the end of World War II , Reuter returned to Berlin , and was elected in 1946 to the Magistrate ( governing body ) where he oversaw initially the Transportation Department . In 1947 he was elected Lord Mayor ( Oberbürgermeister ) of Berlin but in the deepening crisis of the Cold War , the Soviet government withheld their necessary consent . Reuter is most notable for his stance during the Cold War in Berlin . During the Soviet-imposed Berlin Blockade ( 1948/49 ) , the western part of city was sustained by the Berlin airlift that was established by the American Military Governor , Lucius D . Clay . In response to the threat , the citizens in the western sectors had to come together . Ernst Reuter became their spokesman and leader , a symbolic figure of the Free Berlin . Memorable is Reuters speech in front of the burned-out Reichstag building on 9 September 1948 , facing a crowd of 300,000 where he appealed to the world not to abandon Berlin . In the election that was conducted in the western part of Berlin two months later , his popularity gave the SPD the highest win with 64.5% ever achieved by any party in a free election in Germany . As mayor he formed a grand coalition government with the next two largest parties to demonstrate West Berlins unity . Reuters appeal to the West did not go unheard . The airlift saved the city from starvation , and Reuter became only the second German postwar politician ( after Konrad Adenauer ) to be placed on the cover of Time magazine . He was titled Herr Berlin . When the new Berlin State Constitution became effective for the western sectors of Berlin , Reuter was re-elected and on 18 January 1951 , became what was now called the Governing Mayor ( Regierender Bürgermeister ) of Berlin . He served in this function until his death . When the Soviets created the German Democratic Republic , the Soviet sector of Berlin was declared its capital and a mayor was selected for that sector . But the Western Allies refused to recognize the division of Berlin , and the Mayor elected in their sectors was still considered the Governing Mayor of all Berlin . This was the case until the unification of Germany . The Western Allies insisted on the unity of Berlin , which was their basis for authority in all sectors . Thus , Governing Mayors were always Mayors of Berlin . Under his aegis , the Free University of Berlin was founded , as the University of Berlin was in the Soviet sector and under communist rule . In 1953 Reuter established the Bürgermeister-Reuter-Stiftung ( Mayor Reuter Foundation ) to assist refugees coming to West-Berlin . A few months after the uprising of 17 June 1953 in East Berlin , Reuter died from a sudden heart attack in West Berlin . He was 64 years old . His funeral was attended by more than 1 million people and he was honored with an Ehrengrab ( honorary grave ) in the Waldfriedhof Zehlendorf . Family . Reuter was married in 1920 , and he and his wife Lotte ( Charlotte ) had two children , Hella ( 1920–1983 ) , and ( Gerd Edzard ) Harry ( 1921–1992 ) who became a British citizen and a professor of mathematics . Harrys son Timothy was a distinguished mediaeval historian . In 1927 Reuter divorced Charlotte and remarried . He and his second wife Hanna had one son , Edzard , who became the CEO of Daimler-Benz . Honours . - Ernst-Reuter-Plakette ( Ernst Reuter Medal ) : the highest award by the City of Berlin was established by the Senate of Berlin for persons whose work benefited the city in 1954 . - Ernst-Reuter-Gesellschaft ( Ernst Reuter Association ) : a group of alumni and friends of the Free University of Berlin that was founded in 1954 . The Association names the winners of the annual Ernst-Reuter-Preis for excellent dissertations from the university and provideds Ernst-Reuter-Stipends for studies abroad . - Former places where Reuter lived received memorial plaques : Hardenbergstraße 35 ( Berlin-Charlottenburg ) , and Bülowstraße 33 ( Berlin-Zehlendorf ) . - Among the many places in Berlin that commemorate Reuter are : - a major public square and subway station Ernst-Reuter-Platz ( Berlin U-Bahn ) , - a government building - a school - a youth hostel Other towns in Germany have streets or schools named after Ernst Reuter . Quote . - Ihr Völker der Welt .. . Schaut auf diese Stadt und erkennt , dass ihr diese Stadt und dieses Volk nicht preisgeben dürft , nicht preisgeben könnt ! ( People of this world.. . look upon this city and see that you should not , cannot abandon this city and this people ) —Reuters speech from 9 September 1948 ( German ) Publications . - Ernst Reuter : Rationalisierung der Berliner Verkehrsbedienung . Verkehrstechnik ( 29 June 1928 ) 9 ; 26:437–439 . - Ernst Reuter : Die Gründung der Berliner Verkehrs-A.-G . Verkehrstechnik ( 14 December 1928 ) 9 ; 50 : 917–919 Literature . - Willy Brandt , Richard Löwenthal : Ernst Reuter . Ein Leben für die Freiheit ( Eine politische Biographie ) . München : Kindler Verlag , 1957 - Klaus Harpprecht : Ernst Reuter . Ein Leben für die Freiheit ( Eine Biographie in Bildern und Dokumenten ) . München : Kindler Verlag , 1957 - Ernst Reuter . Schriften – Reden . Hg . v . Hans E . Hirschfeld und Hans J . Reichardt . Vorwort von Willy Brandt . Bd . 1–4 . Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Wien 1972–1975 . - David E . Barclay : Schaut auf diese Stadt : Der unbekannte Ernst Reuter . Berlin : Siedler Verlag , 2000 . - Andreas Daum , Kennedy in Berlin . New York : Cambridge University Press , 2008 , . References . This article is based on the in the German Wikipedia from 10 May 2006 . External links . - Ernst Reuter Page of the SPD ( German ) - Biography ( German ) - Honors for Ernst Reuters ( German ) - Foundation:Bürgermeister-Reuter-Stiftung - Ernst Reuter Association - Ernst Reuter Foundation for Advanced Study |
[
""
] | easy | What was the position of Axel Gustav Adlercreutz from 1851 to 1866? | /wiki/Axel_Gustav_Adlercreutz#P39#0 | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz Axel Gustaf Adlercreutz ( March 2 , 1821 – May 20 , 1880 ) was a Swedish politician , civil servant , President of the Göta Court of Appeal , Minister in the Cabinet , Member of Parliament 1847–66 and 1877–80 , Prime Minister for Justice 1870–74 . Married 1853 to Baroness Hedvig Lewenhaupt , with whom he had ten children . Life . Axel Adlercreutz was born in Skara in present-day Västra Götaland County , the son of Lieutenant General Gustaf Magnus Adlercreutz and Margareta Elisabeth Charlotta von Arbin . He received a Bachelor of Laws degree at Uppsala 1845 and then made a typical and successful career in the civil service : clerk at the Legal , Financial and Administrative Services Agency and at the Bureau for Justice Affairs ( Justitierevisionen ) , then a notary at the Svea Court of Appeal , Deputy District Judge ( vice häradshövding ) 1848 , Public Prosecutor ( fiskal ) 1850 , Assessor 1853 and Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden 1860 , finally becoming President of Göta Court of Appeal 1868 . Adlercreutz barely had time to take up his office before King Charles XV appointed him Minister of Civil Affairs in the Cabinet of Louis De Geer , despite the fact that Adlercreutz had opposed the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , a minor revolution that had been the work of De Geer . One explanation for the Kings choice was a desire to placate a Parliament that had adopted a cool attitude toward the Government after the Representation Reform Act of 1865-66 . The Second Chamber was dominated by fiscally conservative farmers who adopted cuts in the Governments budget proposal , backed up by the First Chamber where resentment toward the Representation Reform still lingered . When the criticism did not abate , De Geer also lost the support of the King and resigned . As the strongest figure in the Privy Council , Adlercreutz now became Prime Minister for Justice . The King now intervened more openly with Government affairs , which undermined the position of the Privy Council . Charles announced in his Throne Speech that he intended to summon an extraordinary Parliament in order to solve the issue of defense policy . Not even all members of the Council had been notified in advance . When , at this extraordinary Parliament , the Government lost the vote on defense policy , all members of the Privy Council requested to be relieved of their office . While the King attempted to compose a new government , Minister of Foreign Affairs Carl Wachtmeister suffered a stroke in the street and fell dead to the ground . Except a frail health , he had been upset and worried during the crisis of government . 23 days after the resignation applications , the Posttidningen declared that since efforts to form a new Privy Council had failed to achieve their intended objective , the current members of the Privy Council had offered to remain in their offices , upon the Kings request . Thus Adlercreutz oversaw the change on the throne after Charles XV , who died in 1872 after some time of disease at the age of 46 , to the Kings brother , Oscar II . In 1873 , the issue of defense policy was solved by a compromise engineered by De Geer in his capacity as Chairman of the Parliament Defense Committee . Nevertheless , conflict arose the following year over a question concerning the organization of the Army , over which Adlercreutz to some surprise demanded a vote of confidence and lost . Upon his resignation he was appointed Governor of Malmöhus County . In that district , he was returned to the bicameral Parliament of 1877 , after having been absent since the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , wherein he had belonged to the Estate of the Nobility . After his resignation he became an outspoken critic of the policy of the De Geer Cabinet ; among other issues he opposed the abolition of the duty of conveyance which the major part of farmers owed the King . He tabled motions on legislation against lotteries . Axel Adlercreutz was of a hot-tempered and courageous nature . He never hesitated to give as good as he got on the floor of Parliament . Count Henning Hamilton , used to being treated with great deference , was nonplussed when Adlercreutz rebuked him for his gibes . When De Geer lamented the coarse tone of the debate , Adlercreutz replied that it was only the final powerless twitches of the defeated . With his undaunted spirit and naïvete , he also passed quite unscathed through Parliament despite all attempts to bring him down . He was small and brave as a weasel , Carl Wadenstierna , his colleague in Parliament , said of him . Axel Adlercreutz died May 20 , 1880 , in Stockholm , at the age of 59 . This article is to a large extent a translation of the equivalent article in the Swedish-language Wikipedia . |
[
"Minister of Civil Affairs"
] | easy | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz took which position from 1868 to Jun 1870? | /wiki/Axel_Gustav_Adlercreutz#P39#1 | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz Axel Gustaf Adlercreutz ( March 2 , 1821 – May 20 , 1880 ) was a Swedish politician , civil servant , President of the Göta Court of Appeal , Minister in the Cabinet , Member of Parliament 1847–66 and 1877–80 , Prime Minister for Justice 1870–74 . Married 1853 to Baroness Hedvig Lewenhaupt , with whom he had ten children . Life . Axel Adlercreutz was born in Skara in present-day Västra Götaland County , the son of Lieutenant General Gustaf Magnus Adlercreutz and Margareta Elisabeth Charlotta von Arbin . He received a Bachelor of Laws degree at Uppsala 1845 and then made a typical and successful career in the civil service : clerk at the Legal , Financial and Administrative Services Agency and at the Bureau for Justice Affairs ( Justitierevisionen ) , then a notary at the Svea Court of Appeal , Deputy District Judge ( vice häradshövding ) 1848 , Public Prosecutor ( fiskal ) 1850 , Assessor 1853 and Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden 1860 , finally becoming President of Göta Court of Appeal 1868 . Adlercreutz barely had time to take up his office before King Charles XV appointed him Minister of Civil Affairs in the Cabinet of Louis De Geer , despite the fact that Adlercreutz had opposed the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , a minor revolution that had been the work of De Geer . One explanation for the Kings choice was a desire to placate a Parliament that had adopted a cool attitude toward the Government after the Representation Reform Act of 1865-66 . The Second Chamber was dominated by fiscally conservative farmers who adopted cuts in the Governments budget proposal , backed up by the First Chamber where resentment toward the Representation Reform still lingered . When the criticism did not abate , De Geer also lost the support of the King and resigned . As the strongest figure in the Privy Council , Adlercreutz now became Prime Minister for Justice . The King now intervened more openly with Government affairs , which undermined the position of the Privy Council . Charles announced in his Throne Speech that he intended to summon an extraordinary Parliament in order to solve the issue of defense policy . Not even all members of the Council had been notified in advance . When , at this extraordinary Parliament , the Government lost the vote on defense policy , all members of the Privy Council requested to be relieved of their office . While the King attempted to compose a new government , Minister of Foreign Affairs Carl Wachtmeister suffered a stroke in the street and fell dead to the ground . Except a frail health , he had been upset and worried during the crisis of government . 23 days after the resignation applications , the Posttidningen declared that since efforts to form a new Privy Council had failed to achieve their intended objective , the current members of the Privy Council had offered to remain in their offices , upon the Kings request . Thus Adlercreutz oversaw the change on the throne after Charles XV , who died in 1872 after some time of disease at the age of 46 , to the Kings brother , Oscar II . In 1873 , the issue of defense policy was solved by a compromise engineered by De Geer in his capacity as Chairman of the Parliament Defense Committee . Nevertheless , conflict arose the following year over a question concerning the organization of the Army , over which Adlercreutz to some surprise demanded a vote of confidence and lost . Upon his resignation he was appointed Governor of Malmöhus County . In that district , he was returned to the bicameral Parliament of 1877 , after having been absent since the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , wherein he had belonged to the Estate of the Nobility . After his resignation he became an outspoken critic of the policy of the De Geer Cabinet ; among other issues he opposed the abolition of the duty of conveyance which the major part of farmers owed the King . He tabled motions on legislation against lotteries . Axel Adlercreutz was of a hot-tempered and courageous nature . He never hesitated to give as good as he got on the floor of Parliament . Count Henning Hamilton , used to being treated with great deference , was nonplussed when Adlercreutz rebuked him for his gibes . When De Geer lamented the coarse tone of the debate , Adlercreutz replied that it was only the final powerless twitches of the defeated . With his undaunted spirit and naïvete , he also passed quite unscathed through Parliament despite all attempts to bring him down . He was small and brave as a weasel , Carl Wadenstierna , his colleague in Parliament , said of him . Axel Adlercreutz died May 20 , 1880 , in Stockholm , at the age of 59 . This article is to a large extent a translation of the equivalent article in the Swedish-language Wikipedia . |
[
""
] | easy | What position did Axel Gustav Adlercreutz take from Jun 1870 to 1874? | /wiki/Axel_Gustav_Adlercreutz#P39#2 | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz Axel Gustaf Adlercreutz ( March 2 , 1821 – May 20 , 1880 ) was a Swedish politician , civil servant , President of the Göta Court of Appeal , Minister in the Cabinet , Member of Parliament 1847–66 and 1877–80 , Prime Minister for Justice 1870–74 . Married 1853 to Baroness Hedvig Lewenhaupt , with whom he had ten children . Life . Axel Adlercreutz was born in Skara in present-day Västra Götaland County , the son of Lieutenant General Gustaf Magnus Adlercreutz and Margareta Elisabeth Charlotta von Arbin . He received a Bachelor of Laws degree at Uppsala 1845 and then made a typical and successful career in the civil service : clerk at the Legal , Financial and Administrative Services Agency and at the Bureau for Justice Affairs ( Justitierevisionen ) , then a notary at the Svea Court of Appeal , Deputy District Judge ( vice häradshövding ) 1848 , Public Prosecutor ( fiskal ) 1850 , Assessor 1853 and Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden 1860 , finally becoming President of Göta Court of Appeal 1868 . Adlercreutz barely had time to take up his office before King Charles XV appointed him Minister of Civil Affairs in the Cabinet of Louis De Geer , despite the fact that Adlercreutz had opposed the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , a minor revolution that had been the work of De Geer . One explanation for the Kings choice was a desire to placate a Parliament that had adopted a cool attitude toward the Government after the Representation Reform Act of 1865-66 . The Second Chamber was dominated by fiscally conservative farmers who adopted cuts in the Governments budget proposal , backed up by the First Chamber where resentment toward the Representation Reform still lingered . When the criticism did not abate , De Geer also lost the support of the King and resigned . As the strongest figure in the Privy Council , Adlercreutz now became Prime Minister for Justice . The King now intervened more openly with Government affairs , which undermined the position of the Privy Council . Charles announced in his Throne Speech that he intended to summon an extraordinary Parliament in order to solve the issue of defense policy . Not even all members of the Council had been notified in advance . When , at this extraordinary Parliament , the Government lost the vote on defense policy , all members of the Privy Council requested to be relieved of their office . While the King attempted to compose a new government , Minister of Foreign Affairs Carl Wachtmeister suffered a stroke in the street and fell dead to the ground . Except a frail health , he had been upset and worried during the crisis of government . 23 days after the resignation applications , the Posttidningen declared that since efforts to form a new Privy Council had failed to achieve their intended objective , the current members of the Privy Council had offered to remain in their offices , upon the Kings request . Thus Adlercreutz oversaw the change on the throne after Charles XV , who died in 1872 after some time of disease at the age of 46 , to the Kings brother , Oscar II . In 1873 , the issue of defense policy was solved by a compromise engineered by De Geer in his capacity as Chairman of the Parliament Defense Committee . Nevertheless , conflict arose the following year over a question concerning the organization of the Army , over which Adlercreutz to some surprise demanded a vote of confidence and lost . Upon his resignation he was appointed Governor of Malmöhus County . In that district , he was returned to the bicameral Parliament of 1877 , after having been absent since the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , wherein he had belonged to the Estate of the Nobility . After his resignation he became an outspoken critic of the policy of the De Geer Cabinet ; among other issues he opposed the abolition of the duty of conveyance which the major part of farmers owed the King . He tabled motions on legislation against lotteries . Axel Adlercreutz was of a hot-tempered and courageous nature . He never hesitated to give as good as he got on the floor of Parliament . Count Henning Hamilton , used to being treated with great deference , was nonplussed when Adlercreutz rebuked him for his gibes . When De Geer lamented the coarse tone of the debate , Adlercreutz replied that it was only the final powerless twitches of the defeated . With his undaunted spirit and naïvete , he also passed quite unscathed through Parliament despite all attempts to bring him down . He was small and brave as a weasel , Carl Wadenstierna , his colleague in Parliament , said of him . Axel Adlercreutz died May 20 , 1880 , in Stockholm , at the age of 59 . This article is to a large extent a translation of the equivalent article in the Swedish-language Wikipedia . |
[
"Governor of Malmöhus County"
] | easy | What position did Axel Gustav Adlercreutz take from 1874 to 1877? | /wiki/Axel_Gustav_Adlercreutz#P39#3 | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz Axel Gustaf Adlercreutz ( March 2 , 1821 – May 20 , 1880 ) was a Swedish politician , civil servant , President of the Göta Court of Appeal , Minister in the Cabinet , Member of Parliament 1847–66 and 1877–80 , Prime Minister for Justice 1870–74 . Married 1853 to Baroness Hedvig Lewenhaupt , with whom he had ten children . Life . Axel Adlercreutz was born in Skara in present-day Västra Götaland County , the son of Lieutenant General Gustaf Magnus Adlercreutz and Margareta Elisabeth Charlotta von Arbin . He received a Bachelor of Laws degree at Uppsala 1845 and then made a typical and successful career in the civil service : clerk at the Legal , Financial and Administrative Services Agency and at the Bureau for Justice Affairs ( Justitierevisionen ) , then a notary at the Svea Court of Appeal , Deputy District Judge ( vice häradshövding ) 1848 , Public Prosecutor ( fiskal ) 1850 , Assessor 1853 and Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden 1860 , finally becoming President of Göta Court of Appeal 1868 . Adlercreutz barely had time to take up his office before King Charles XV appointed him Minister of Civil Affairs in the Cabinet of Louis De Geer , despite the fact that Adlercreutz had opposed the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , a minor revolution that had been the work of De Geer . One explanation for the Kings choice was a desire to placate a Parliament that had adopted a cool attitude toward the Government after the Representation Reform Act of 1865-66 . The Second Chamber was dominated by fiscally conservative farmers who adopted cuts in the Governments budget proposal , backed up by the First Chamber where resentment toward the Representation Reform still lingered . When the criticism did not abate , De Geer also lost the support of the King and resigned . As the strongest figure in the Privy Council , Adlercreutz now became Prime Minister for Justice . The King now intervened more openly with Government affairs , which undermined the position of the Privy Council . Charles announced in his Throne Speech that he intended to summon an extraordinary Parliament in order to solve the issue of defense policy . Not even all members of the Council had been notified in advance . When , at this extraordinary Parliament , the Government lost the vote on defense policy , all members of the Privy Council requested to be relieved of their office . While the King attempted to compose a new government , Minister of Foreign Affairs Carl Wachtmeister suffered a stroke in the street and fell dead to the ground . Except a frail health , he had been upset and worried during the crisis of government . 23 days after the resignation applications , the Posttidningen declared that since efforts to form a new Privy Council had failed to achieve their intended objective , the current members of the Privy Council had offered to remain in their offices , upon the Kings request . Thus Adlercreutz oversaw the change on the throne after Charles XV , who died in 1872 after some time of disease at the age of 46 , to the Kings brother , Oscar II . In 1873 , the issue of defense policy was solved by a compromise engineered by De Geer in his capacity as Chairman of the Parliament Defense Committee . Nevertheless , conflict arose the following year over a question concerning the organization of the Army , over which Adlercreutz to some surprise demanded a vote of confidence and lost . Upon his resignation he was appointed Governor of Malmöhus County . In that district , he was returned to the bicameral Parliament of 1877 , after having been absent since the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , wherein he had belonged to the Estate of the Nobility . After his resignation he became an outspoken critic of the policy of the De Geer Cabinet ; among other issues he opposed the abolition of the duty of conveyance which the major part of farmers owed the King . He tabled motions on legislation against lotteries . Axel Adlercreutz was of a hot-tempered and courageous nature . He never hesitated to give as good as he got on the floor of Parliament . Count Henning Hamilton , used to being treated with great deference , was nonplussed when Adlercreutz rebuked him for his gibes . When De Geer lamented the coarse tone of the debate , Adlercreutz replied that it was only the final powerless twitches of the defeated . With his undaunted spirit and naïvete , he also passed quite unscathed through Parliament despite all attempts to bring him down . He was small and brave as a weasel , Carl Wadenstierna , his colleague in Parliament , said of him . Axel Adlercreutz died May 20 , 1880 , in Stockholm , at the age of 59 . This article is to a large extent a translation of the equivalent article in the Swedish-language Wikipedia . |
[
""
] | easy | Which position did Axel Gustav Adlercreutz hold from 1877 to 1880? | /wiki/Axel_Gustav_Adlercreutz#P39#4 | Axel Gustav Adlercreutz Axel Gustaf Adlercreutz ( March 2 , 1821 – May 20 , 1880 ) was a Swedish politician , civil servant , President of the Göta Court of Appeal , Minister in the Cabinet , Member of Parliament 1847–66 and 1877–80 , Prime Minister for Justice 1870–74 . Married 1853 to Baroness Hedvig Lewenhaupt , with whom he had ten children . Life . Axel Adlercreutz was born in Skara in present-day Västra Götaland County , the son of Lieutenant General Gustaf Magnus Adlercreutz and Margareta Elisabeth Charlotta von Arbin . He received a Bachelor of Laws degree at Uppsala 1845 and then made a typical and successful career in the civil service : clerk at the Legal , Financial and Administrative Services Agency and at the Bureau for Justice Affairs ( Justitierevisionen ) , then a notary at the Svea Court of Appeal , Deputy District Judge ( vice häradshövding ) 1848 , Public Prosecutor ( fiskal ) 1850 , Assessor 1853 and Justice of the Supreme Court of Sweden 1860 , finally becoming President of Göta Court of Appeal 1868 . Adlercreutz barely had time to take up his office before King Charles XV appointed him Minister of Civil Affairs in the Cabinet of Louis De Geer , despite the fact that Adlercreutz had opposed the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , a minor revolution that had been the work of De Geer . One explanation for the Kings choice was a desire to placate a Parliament that had adopted a cool attitude toward the Government after the Representation Reform Act of 1865-66 . The Second Chamber was dominated by fiscally conservative farmers who adopted cuts in the Governments budget proposal , backed up by the First Chamber where resentment toward the Representation Reform still lingered . When the criticism did not abate , De Geer also lost the support of the King and resigned . As the strongest figure in the Privy Council , Adlercreutz now became Prime Minister for Justice . The King now intervened more openly with Government affairs , which undermined the position of the Privy Council . Charles announced in his Throne Speech that he intended to summon an extraordinary Parliament in order to solve the issue of defense policy . Not even all members of the Council had been notified in advance . When , at this extraordinary Parliament , the Government lost the vote on defense policy , all members of the Privy Council requested to be relieved of their office . While the King attempted to compose a new government , Minister of Foreign Affairs Carl Wachtmeister suffered a stroke in the street and fell dead to the ground . Except a frail health , he had been upset and worried during the crisis of government . 23 days after the resignation applications , the Posttidningen declared that since efforts to form a new Privy Council had failed to achieve their intended objective , the current members of the Privy Council had offered to remain in their offices , upon the Kings request . Thus Adlercreutz oversaw the change on the throne after Charles XV , who died in 1872 after some time of disease at the age of 46 , to the Kings brother , Oscar II . In 1873 , the issue of defense policy was solved by a compromise engineered by De Geer in his capacity as Chairman of the Parliament Defense Committee . Nevertheless , conflict arose the following year over a question concerning the organization of the Army , over which Adlercreutz to some surprise demanded a vote of confidence and lost . Upon his resignation he was appointed Governor of Malmöhus County . In that district , he was returned to the bicameral Parliament of 1877 , after having been absent since the abolition of the Parliament of the Estates , wherein he had belonged to the Estate of the Nobility . After his resignation he became an outspoken critic of the policy of the De Geer Cabinet ; among other issues he opposed the abolition of the duty of conveyance which the major part of farmers owed the King . He tabled motions on legislation against lotteries . Axel Adlercreutz was of a hot-tempered and courageous nature . He never hesitated to give as good as he got on the floor of Parliament . Count Henning Hamilton , used to being treated with great deference , was nonplussed when Adlercreutz rebuked him for his gibes . When De Geer lamented the coarse tone of the debate , Adlercreutz replied that it was only the final powerless twitches of the defeated . With his undaunted spirit and naïvete , he also passed quite unscathed through Parliament despite all attempts to bring him down . He was small and brave as a weasel , Carl Wadenstierna , his colleague in Parliament , said of him . Axel Adlercreutz died May 20 , 1880 , in Stockholm , at the age of 59 . This article is to a large extent a translation of the equivalent article in the Swedish-language Wikipedia . |
[
"Northern France"
] | easy | Which country did Gothic art belong to from 1140 to 1200? | /wiki/Gothic_art#P17#0 | Gothic art Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD , led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture . It spread to all of Western Europe , and much of Northern , Southern and Central Europe , never quite effacing more classical styles in Italy . In the late 14th century , the sophisticated court style of International Gothic developed , which continued to evolve until the late 15th century . In many areas , especially Germany , Late Gothic art continued well into the 16th century , before being subsumed into Renaissance art . Primary media in the Gothic period included sculpture , panel painting , stained glass , fresco and illuminated manuscripts . The easily recognizable shifts in architecture from Romanesque to Gothic , and Gothic to Renaissance styles , are typically used to define the periods in art in all media , although in many ways figurative art developed at a different pace . The earliest Gothic art was monumental sculpture , on the walls of Cathedrals and abbeys . Christian art was often typological in nature ( see Medieval allegory ) , showing the stories of the New Testament and the Old Testament side by side . Saints lives were often depicted . Images of the Virgin Mary changed from the Byzantine iconic form to a more human and affectionate mother , cuddling her infant , swaying from her hip , and showing the refined manners of a well-born aristocratic courtly lady . Secular art came into its own during this period with the rise of cities , foundation of universities , increase in trade , the establishment of a money-based economy and the creation of a bourgeois class who could afford to patronize the arts and commission works resulting in a proliferation of paintings and illuminated manuscripts . Increased literacy and a growing body of secular vernacular literature encouraged the representation of secular themes in art . With the growth of cities , trade guilds were formed and artists were often required to be members of a painters guild . As a result , because of better record keeping , more artists are known to us by name in this period than any previous ; some artists were even so bold as to sign their names . Origins . Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France , France , in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger . The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture , both monumental and personal in size , textile art , and painting , which took a variety of forms , including fresco , stained glass , the illuminated manuscript , and panel painting . Monastic orders , especially the Cistercians and the Carthusians , were important builders who disseminated the style and developed distinctive variants of it across Europe . Regional variations of architecture remained important , even when , by the late 14th century , a coherent universal style known as International Gothic had evolved , which continued until the late 15th century , and beyond in many areas . Although there was far more secular Gothic art than is often thought today , as generally the survival rate of religious art has been better than for secular equivalents , a large proportion of the art produced in the period was religious , whether commissioned by the church or by the laity . Gothic art was often typological in nature , reflecting a belief that the events of the Old Testament pre-figured those of the New , and that this was indeed their main significance . Old and New Testament scenes were shown side by side in works like the Speculum Humanae Salvationis , and the decoration of churches . The Gothic period coincided with a great resurgence in Marian devotion , in which the visual arts played a major part . Images of the Virgin Mary developed from the Byzantine hieratic types , through the Coronation of the Virgin , to more human and intimate types , and cycles of the Life of the Virgin were very popular . Artists like Giotto , Fra Angelico and Pietro Lorenzetti in Italy , and Early Netherlandish painting , brought realism and a more natural humanity to art . Western artists , and their patrons , became much more confident in innovative iconography , and much more originality is seen , although copied formulae were still used by most artists . Iconography was affected by changes in theology , with depictions of the Assumption of Mary gaining ground on the older Death of the Virgin , and in devotional practices such as the Devotio Moderna , which produced new treatments of Christ in subjects such as the Man of Sorrows , Pensive Christ and Pietà , which emphasized his human suffering and vulnerability , in a parallel movement to that in depictions of the Virgin . Even in Last Judgements Christ was now usually shown exposing his chest to show the wounds of his Passion . Saints were shown more frequently and altarpieces showed saints relevant to the particular church or donor in attendance on a Crucifixion or enthroned Virgin and Child , or occupying the central space themselves ( this usually for works designed for side-chapels ) . Over the period many ancient iconographical features that originated in New Testament apocrypha were gradually eliminated under clerical pressure , like the midwives at the Nativity , though others were too well-established , and considered harmless . Etymology . The word Gothic for art was initially used as a synonym for Barbaric , and was therefore used pejoratively . Its critics saw this type of Medieval art as unrefined and too remote from the aesthetic proportions and shapes of Classical art . Renaissance authors believed that the Sack of Rome by the Gothic tribes in 410 had triggered the demise of the Classical world and all the values they held dear . In the 15th century , various Italian architects and writers complained that the new barbarian styles filtering down from north of the Alps posed a similar threat to the classical revival promoted by the early Renaissance . The Gothic qualifier for this art was first used in Raphaels letter to Pope Leo X c . 1518 and was subsequently popularised by the Italian artist and writer Giorgio Vasari , who used it as early as 1530 , calling Gothic art a monstrous and barbarous disorder . Raphael claimed that the pointed arches of northern architecture were an echo of the primitive huts the Germanic forest dwellers formed by bending trees together – a myth which would resurface much later in a more positive sense in the writings of the German Romantic movement . Gothic art was strongly criticized by French authors such as Boileau , La Bruyère , Rousseau , before becoming a recognized form of art , and the wording becoming fixed . Molière would famously comment on Gothic : <poem> The besotted taste of Gothic monuments , These odious monsters of ignorant centuries , Which the torrents of barbary spewed forth . </poem> In its beginning , Gothic art was initially called French work ( Opus Francigenum ) , thus attesting the priority of France in the creation of this style . Painting . Painting in a style that can be called Gothic did not appear until about 1200 , nearly 50 years after the origins of Gothic architecture and sculpture . The transition from Romanesque to Gothic is very imprecise and not at all a clear break , and Gothic ornamental detailing is often introduced before much change is seen in the style of figures or compositions themselves . Then figures become more animated in pose and facial expression , tend to be smaller in relation to the background of scenes , and are arranged more freely in the pictorial space , where there is room . This transition occurs first in England and France around 1200 , in Germany around 1220 and Italy around 1300 . Painting during the Gothic period was practiced in four primary media : frescos , panel paintings , manuscript illumination and stained glass . Frescoes . Frescoes continued to be used as the main pictorial narrative craft on church walls in southern Europe as a continuation of early Christian and Romanesque traditions . An accident of survival has given Denmark and Sweden the largest groups of surviving church wall paintings in the Biblia pauperum style , usually extending up to recently constructed cross vaults . In both Denmark and Sweden , they were almost all covered with limewash after the Reformation which has preserved them , but some have also remained untouched since their creation . Among the finest examples from Denmark are those of the Elmelunde Master from the Danish island of Møn who decorated the churches of Fanefjord , Keldby and Elmelunde . Albertus Pictor is arguably the most well-known fresco artist from the period working in Sweden . Examples of Swedish churches with well-preserved frescos include Tensta , Gökhem and Anga churches . Stained glass . In northern Europe , stained glass was an important and prestigious form of painting until the 15th century , when it became supplanted by panel painting . Gothic architecture greatly increased the amount of glass in large buildings , partly to allow for wide expanses of glass , as in rose windows . In the early part of the period mainly black paint and clear or brightly coloured glass was used , but in the early 14th century the use of compounds of silver , painted on glass which was then fired , allowed a number of variations of colour , centred on yellows , to be used with clear glass in a single piece . By the end of the period designs increasingly used large pieces of glass which were painted , with yellows as the dominant colours , and relatively few smaller pieces of glass in other colours . Manuscripts and printmaking . Illuminated manuscripts represent the most complete record of Gothic painting , providing a record of styles in places where no monumental works have otherwise survived . The earliest full manuscripts with French Gothic illustrations date to the middle of the 13th century . Many such illuminated manuscripts were royal bibles , although psalters also included illustrations ; the Parisian Psalter of Saint Louis , dating from 1253 to 1270 , features 78 full-page illuminations in tempera paint and gold leaf . During the late 13th century , scribes began to create prayer books for the laity , often known as books of hours due to their use at prescribed times of the day . Among the earliest is an example by William de Brailes that seems to have been written for an unknown laywoman living in a small village near Oxford in about 1240 . Nobility frequently purchased such texts , paying handsomely for decorative illustrations ; among the most well-known creators of these is Jean Pucelle , whose Hours of Jeanne dEvreux was commissioned by King Charles IV as a gift for his queen , Jeanne dÉvreux . Elements of the French Gothic present in such works include the use of decorative page framing reminiscent of the architecture of the time with elongated and detailed figures . The use of spatial indicators such as building elements and natural features such as trees and clouds also denote the French Gothic style of illumination . From the middle of the 14th century , blockbooks with both text and images cut as woodcut seem to have been affordable by parish priests in the Low Countries , where they were most popular . By the end of the century , printed books with illustrations , still mostly on religious subjects , were rapidly becoming accessible to the prosperous middle class , as were engravings of fairly high quality by printmakers like Israhel van Meckenem and Master E . S . In the 15th century , the introduction of cheap prints , mostly in woodcut , made it possible even for peasants to have devotional images at home . These images , tiny at the bottom of the market , often crudely coloured , were sold in thousands but are now extremely rare , most having been pasted to walls . Altarpiece and panel painting . Painting with oil on canvas did not become popular until the 15th and 16th centuries and was a hallmark of Renaissance art . In Northern Europe the important and innovative school of Early Netherlandish painting is in an essentially Gothic style , but can also be regarded as part of the Northern Renaissance , as there was a long delay before the Italian revival of interest in classicism had a great impact in the north . Painters like Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck made use of the technique of oil painting to create minutely detailed works , correct in perspective , where apparent realism was combined with richly complex symbolism arising precisely from the realistic detail they could now include , even in small works . In Early Netherlandish painting , from the richest cities of Northern Europe , a new minute realism in oil painting was combined with subtle and complex theological allusions , expressed precisely through the highly detailed settings of religious scenes . The Mérode Altarpiece ( 1420s ) of Robert Campin and the Washington Van Eyck Annunciation or Madonna of Chancellor Rolin ( both 1430s , by Jan van Eyck ) are examples . For the wealthy , small panel paintings , even polyptychs in oil painting were becoming increasingly popular , often showing donor portraits alongside , though often much smaller than the Virgin or saints depicted . These were usually displayed in the home . Sculpture . Monumental sculpture . The Gothic period is essentially defined by Gothic architecture , and does not entirely fit with the development of style in sculpture in either its start or finish . The facades of large churches , especially around doors , continued to have large tympanums , but also rows of sculpted figures spreading around them . The statues on the Western ( Royal ) Portal at Chartres Cathedral ( c . 1145 ) show an elegant but exaggerated columnar elongation , but those on the south transept portal , from 1215–20 , show a more naturalistic style and increasing detachment from the wall behind , and some awareness of the classical tradition . These trends were continued in the west portal at Reims Cathedral of a few years later , where the figures are almost in the round , as became usual as Gothic spread across Europe . Bamberg Cathedral has perhaps the largest assemblage of 13th century sculpture , culminating in 1240 with the Bamberg Rider , the first life-size equestrian statue in Western art since the 6th century . In Italy Nicola Pisano ( 1258–78 ) and his son Giovanni developed a style that is often called Proto-Renaissance , with unmistakable influence from Roman sarcophagi and sophisticated and crowded compositions , including a sympathetic handling of nudity , in relief panels on their pulpit of Siena Cathedral ( 1265–68 ) , the Fontana Maggiore in Perugia , and Giovannis pulpit in Pistoia of 1301 . Another revival of classical style is seen in the International Gothic work of Claus Sluter and his followers in Burgundy and Flanders around 1400 . Late Gothic sculpture continued in the North , with a fashion for very large , wooden , sculpted altarpieces with increasingly virtuoso carving and large numbers agitated expressive figures ; most surviving examples are in Germany , after much iconoclasm elsewhere . Tilman Riemenschneider , Veit Stoss and others continued the style well into the 16th century , gradually absorbing Italian Renaissance influences . Life-size tomb effigies in stone or alabaster became popular for the wealthy , and grand multi-level tombs evolved , with the Scaliger Tombs of Verona so large they had to be moved outside the church . By the 15th century there was an industry exporting Nottingham alabaster altar reliefs in groups of panels over much of Europe for economical parishes who could not afford stone retables . Portable sculpture . Small carvings , for a mainly lay and often female market , became a considerable industry in Paris and some other centres . Types of ivories included small , devotional polyptychs , single figures , especially of the Virgin , mirror-cases , combs , and elaborate caskets with scenes from Romances , used as engagement presents . The very wealthy collected extravagantly elaborate , jewelled and enamelled metalwork , both secular and religious , like the Duc de Berrys Holy Thorn Reliquary , until they ran short of money , when they were melted down again for cash . Gothic sculptures independent of architectural ornament were primarily created as devotional objects for the home or intended as donations for local churches , although small reliefs in ivory , bone and wood cover both religious and secular subjects , and were for church and domestic use . Such sculptures were the work of urban artisans , and the most typical subject for three dimensional small statues is the Virgin Mary alone or with child . Paris was the main centre of ivory workshops , and exported to most of northern Europe , though Italy also had a considerable production . An exemplar of these independent sculptures is among the collections of the Abbey Church of St Denis ; the silver-gilt Virgin and Child dates to 1339 and features Mary enveloped in a flowing cloak holding an infantile Christ figure . Both the simplicity of the cloak and the youth of the child presage other sculptures found in northern Europe dating to the 14th century and early 15th century . Such sculpture shows an evolution from an earlier stiff and elongated style , still partly Romanesque , into a spatial and naturalistic feel in the late 12th and early 13th century . Other French Gothic sculptural subjects included figures and scenes from popular literature of the time . Imagery from the poetry of the troubadours was particularly popular among artisans of mirror-cases and small boxes presumably for use by women . The Casket with Scenes of Romances ( Walters 71264 ) of 1330–50 is an unusually large example with space for a number of scenes from different literary sources . Souvenirs of pilgrimages to shrines , such as clay or lead badges , medals and ampullae stamped with images were also popular and cheap . Their secular equivalent , the livery badge , showed signs of feudal and political loyalty or alliance that came to be regarded as a social menace in England under bastard feudalism . The cheaper forms were sometimes given away free , as with the 13,000 badges ordered in 1483 by King Richard III of England in fustian cloth with his emblem of a white boar for the investiture of his son Edward as Prince of Wales , a huge number given the population at the time . The Dunstable Swan Jewel , modelled fully in the round in enamelled gold , is a far more exclusive version , that would have been given to someone very close or important to the donor . |
[
"Germany"
] | easy | Which country did Gothic art belong to from 1200 to 1220? | /wiki/Gothic_art#P17#1 | Gothic art Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD , led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture . It spread to all of Western Europe , and much of Northern , Southern and Central Europe , never quite effacing more classical styles in Italy . In the late 14th century , the sophisticated court style of International Gothic developed , which continued to evolve until the late 15th century . In many areas , especially Germany , Late Gothic art continued well into the 16th century , before being subsumed into Renaissance art . Primary media in the Gothic period included sculpture , panel painting , stained glass , fresco and illuminated manuscripts . The easily recognizable shifts in architecture from Romanesque to Gothic , and Gothic to Renaissance styles , are typically used to define the periods in art in all media , although in many ways figurative art developed at a different pace . The earliest Gothic art was monumental sculpture , on the walls of Cathedrals and abbeys . Christian art was often typological in nature ( see Medieval allegory ) , showing the stories of the New Testament and the Old Testament side by side . Saints lives were often depicted . Images of the Virgin Mary changed from the Byzantine iconic form to a more human and affectionate mother , cuddling her infant , swaying from her hip , and showing the refined manners of a well-born aristocratic courtly lady . Secular art came into its own during this period with the rise of cities , foundation of universities , increase in trade , the establishment of a money-based economy and the creation of a bourgeois class who could afford to patronize the arts and commission works resulting in a proliferation of paintings and illuminated manuscripts . Increased literacy and a growing body of secular vernacular literature encouraged the representation of secular themes in art . With the growth of cities , trade guilds were formed and artists were often required to be members of a painters guild . As a result , because of better record keeping , more artists are known to us by name in this period than any previous ; some artists were even so bold as to sign their names . Origins . Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France , France , in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger . The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture , both monumental and personal in size , textile art , and painting , which took a variety of forms , including fresco , stained glass , the illuminated manuscript , and panel painting . Monastic orders , especially the Cistercians and the Carthusians , were important builders who disseminated the style and developed distinctive variants of it across Europe . Regional variations of architecture remained important , even when , by the late 14th century , a coherent universal style known as International Gothic had evolved , which continued until the late 15th century , and beyond in many areas . Although there was far more secular Gothic art than is often thought today , as generally the survival rate of religious art has been better than for secular equivalents , a large proportion of the art produced in the period was religious , whether commissioned by the church or by the laity . Gothic art was often typological in nature , reflecting a belief that the events of the Old Testament pre-figured those of the New , and that this was indeed their main significance . Old and New Testament scenes were shown side by side in works like the Speculum Humanae Salvationis , and the decoration of churches . The Gothic period coincided with a great resurgence in Marian devotion , in which the visual arts played a major part . Images of the Virgin Mary developed from the Byzantine hieratic types , through the Coronation of the Virgin , to more human and intimate types , and cycles of the Life of the Virgin were very popular . Artists like Giotto , Fra Angelico and Pietro Lorenzetti in Italy , and Early Netherlandish painting , brought realism and a more natural humanity to art . Western artists , and their patrons , became much more confident in innovative iconography , and much more originality is seen , although copied formulae were still used by most artists . Iconography was affected by changes in theology , with depictions of the Assumption of Mary gaining ground on the older Death of the Virgin , and in devotional practices such as the Devotio Moderna , which produced new treatments of Christ in subjects such as the Man of Sorrows , Pensive Christ and Pietà , which emphasized his human suffering and vulnerability , in a parallel movement to that in depictions of the Virgin . Even in Last Judgements Christ was now usually shown exposing his chest to show the wounds of his Passion . Saints were shown more frequently and altarpieces showed saints relevant to the particular church or donor in attendance on a Crucifixion or enthroned Virgin and Child , or occupying the central space themselves ( this usually for works designed for side-chapels ) . Over the period many ancient iconographical features that originated in New Testament apocrypha were gradually eliminated under clerical pressure , like the midwives at the Nativity , though others were too well-established , and considered harmless . Etymology . The word Gothic for art was initially used as a synonym for Barbaric , and was therefore used pejoratively . Its critics saw this type of Medieval art as unrefined and too remote from the aesthetic proportions and shapes of Classical art . Renaissance authors believed that the Sack of Rome by the Gothic tribes in 410 had triggered the demise of the Classical world and all the values they held dear . In the 15th century , various Italian architects and writers complained that the new barbarian styles filtering down from north of the Alps posed a similar threat to the classical revival promoted by the early Renaissance . The Gothic qualifier for this art was first used in Raphaels letter to Pope Leo X c . 1518 and was subsequently popularised by the Italian artist and writer Giorgio Vasari , who used it as early as 1530 , calling Gothic art a monstrous and barbarous disorder . Raphael claimed that the pointed arches of northern architecture were an echo of the primitive huts the Germanic forest dwellers formed by bending trees together – a myth which would resurface much later in a more positive sense in the writings of the German Romantic movement . Gothic art was strongly criticized by French authors such as Boileau , La Bruyère , Rousseau , before becoming a recognized form of art , and the wording becoming fixed . Molière would famously comment on Gothic : <poem> The besotted taste of Gothic monuments , These odious monsters of ignorant centuries , Which the torrents of barbary spewed forth . </poem> In its beginning , Gothic art was initially called French work ( Opus Francigenum ) , thus attesting the priority of France in the creation of this style . Painting . Painting in a style that can be called Gothic did not appear until about 1200 , nearly 50 years after the origins of Gothic architecture and sculpture . The transition from Romanesque to Gothic is very imprecise and not at all a clear break , and Gothic ornamental detailing is often introduced before much change is seen in the style of figures or compositions themselves . Then figures become more animated in pose and facial expression , tend to be smaller in relation to the background of scenes , and are arranged more freely in the pictorial space , where there is room . This transition occurs first in England and France around 1200 , in Germany around 1220 and Italy around 1300 . Painting during the Gothic period was practiced in four primary media : frescos , panel paintings , manuscript illumination and stained glass . Frescoes . Frescoes continued to be used as the main pictorial narrative craft on church walls in southern Europe as a continuation of early Christian and Romanesque traditions . An accident of survival has given Denmark and Sweden the largest groups of surviving church wall paintings in the Biblia pauperum style , usually extending up to recently constructed cross vaults . In both Denmark and Sweden , they were almost all covered with limewash after the Reformation which has preserved them , but some have also remained untouched since their creation . Among the finest examples from Denmark are those of the Elmelunde Master from the Danish island of Møn who decorated the churches of Fanefjord , Keldby and Elmelunde . Albertus Pictor is arguably the most well-known fresco artist from the period working in Sweden . Examples of Swedish churches with well-preserved frescos include Tensta , Gökhem and Anga churches . Stained glass . In northern Europe , stained glass was an important and prestigious form of painting until the 15th century , when it became supplanted by panel painting . Gothic architecture greatly increased the amount of glass in large buildings , partly to allow for wide expanses of glass , as in rose windows . In the early part of the period mainly black paint and clear or brightly coloured glass was used , but in the early 14th century the use of compounds of silver , painted on glass which was then fired , allowed a number of variations of colour , centred on yellows , to be used with clear glass in a single piece . By the end of the period designs increasingly used large pieces of glass which were painted , with yellows as the dominant colours , and relatively few smaller pieces of glass in other colours . Manuscripts and printmaking . Illuminated manuscripts represent the most complete record of Gothic painting , providing a record of styles in places where no monumental works have otherwise survived . The earliest full manuscripts with French Gothic illustrations date to the middle of the 13th century . Many such illuminated manuscripts were royal bibles , although psalters also included illustrations ; the Parisian Psalter of Saint Louis , dating from 1253 to 1270 , features 78 full-page illuminations in tempera paint and gold leaf . During the late 13th century , scribes began to create prayer books for the laity , often known as books of hours due to their use at prescribed times of the day . Among the earliest is an example by William de Brailes that seems to have been written for an unknown laywoman living in a small village near Oxford in about 1240 . Nobility frequently purchased such texts , paying handsomely for decorative illustrations ; among the most well-known creators of these is Jean Pucelle , whose Hours of Jeanne dEvreux was commissioned by King Charles IV as a gift for his queen , Jeanne dÉvreux . Elements of the French Gothic present in such works include the use of decorative page framing reminiscent of the architecture of the time with elongated and detailed figures . The use of spatial indicators such as building elements and natural features such as trees and clouds also denote the French Gothic style of illumination . From the middle of the 14th century , blockbooks with both text and images cut as woodcut seem to have been affordable by parish priests in the Low Countries , where they were most popular . By the end of the century , printed books with illustrations , still mostly on religious subjects , were rapidly becoming accessible to the prosperous middle class , as were engravings of fairly high quality by printmakers like Israhel van Meckenem and Master E . S . In the 15th century , the introduction of cheap prints , mostly in woodcut , made it possible even for peasants to have devotional images at home . These images , tiny at the bottom of the market , often crudely coloured , were sold in thousands but are now extremely rare , most having been pasted to walls . Altarpiece and panel painting . Painting with oil on canvas did not become popular until the 15th and 16th centuries and was a hallmark of Renaissance art . In Northern Europe the important and innovative school of Early Netherlandish painting is in an essentially Gothic style , but can also be regarded as part of the Northern Renaissance , as there was a long delay before the Italian revival of interest in classicism had a great impact in the north . Painters like Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck made use of the technique of oil painting to create minutely detailed works , correct in perspective , where apparent realism was combined with richly complex symbolism arising precisely from the realistic detail they could now include , even in small works . In Early Netherlandish painting , from the richest cities of Northern Europe , a new minute realism in oil painting was combined with subtle and complex theological allusions , expressed precisely through the highly detailed settings of religious scenes . The Mérode Altarpiece ( 1420s ) of Robert Campin and the Washington Van Eyck Annunciation or Madonna of Chancellor Rolin ( both 1430s , by Jan van Eyck ) are examples . For the wealthy , small panel paintings , even polyptychs in oil painting were becoming increasingly popular , often showing donor portraits alongside , though often much smaller than the Virgin or saints depicted . These were usually displayed in the home . Sculpture . Monumental sculpture . The Gothic period is essentially defined by Gothic architecture , and does not entirely fit with the development of style in sculpture in either its start or finish . The facades of large churches , especially around doors , continued to have large tympanums , but also rows of sculpted figures spreading around them . The statues on the Western ( Royal ) Portal at Chartres Cathedral ( c . 1145 ) show an elegant but exaggerated columnar elongation , but those on the south transept portal , from 1215–20 , show a more naturalistic style and increasing detachment from the wall behind , and some awareness of the classical tradition . These trends were continued in the west portal at Reims Cathedral of a few years later , where the figures are almost in the round , as became usual as Gothic spread across Europe . Bamberg Cathedral has perhaps the largest assemblage of 13th century sculpture , culminating in 1240 with the Bamberg Rider , the first life-size equestrian statue in Western art since the 6th century . In Italy Nicola Pisano ( 1258–78 ) and his son Giovanni developed a style that is often called Proto-Renaissance , with unmistakable influence from Roman sarcophagi and sophisticated and crowded compositions , including a sympathetic handling of nudity , in relief panels on their pulpit of Siena Cathedral ( 1265–68 ) , the Fontana Maggiore in Perugia , and Giovannis pulpit in Pistoia of 1301 . Another revival of classical style is seen in the International Gothic work of Claus Sluter and his followers in Burgundy and Flanders around 1400 . Late Gothic sculpture continued in the North , with a fashion for very large , wooden , sculpted altarpieces with increasingly virtuoso carving and large numbers agitated expressive figures ; most surviving examples are in Germany , after much iconoclasm elsewhere . Tilman Riemenschneider , Veit Stoss and others continued the style well into the 16th century , gradually absorbing Italian Renaissance influences . Life-size tomb effigies in stone or alabaster became popular for the wealthy , and grand multi-level tombs evolved , with the Scaliger Tombs of Verona so large they had to be moved outside the church . By the 15th century there was an industry exporting Nottingham alabaster altar reliefs in groups of panels over much of Europe for economical parishes who could not afford stone retables . Portable sculpture . Small carvings , for a mainly lay and often female market , became a considerable industry in Paris and some other centres . Types of ivories included small , devotional polyptychs , single figures , especially of the Virgin , mirror-cases , combs , and elaborate caskets with scenes from Romances , used as engagement presents . The very wealthy collected extravagantly elaborate , jewelled and enamelled metalwork , both secular and religious , like the Duc de Berrys Holy Thorn Reliquary , until they ran short of money , when they were melted down again for cash . Gothic sculptures independent of architectural ornament were primarily created as devotional objects for the home or intended as donations for local churches , although small reliefs in ivory , bone and wood cover both religious and secular subjects , and were for church and domestic use . Such sculptures were the work of urban artisans , and the most typical subject for three dimensional small statues is the Virgin Mary alone or with child . Paris was the main centre of ivory workshops , and exported to most of northern Europe , though Italy also had a considerable production . An exemplar of these independent sculptures is among the collections of the Abbey Church of St Denis ; the silver-gilt Virgin and Child dates to 1339 and features Mary enveloped in a flowing cloak holding an infantile Christ figure . Both the simplicity of the cloak and the youth of the child presage other sculptures found in northern Europe dating to the 14th century and early 15th century . Such sculpture shows an evolution from an earlier stiff and elongated style , still partly Romanesque , into a spatial and naturalistic feel in the late 12th and early 13th century . Other French Gothic sculptural subjects included figures and scenes from popular literature of the time . Imagery from the poetry of the troubadours was particularly popular among artisans of mirror-cases and small boxes presumably for use by women . The Casket with Scenes of Romances ( Walters 71264 ) of 1330–50 is an unusually large example with space for a number of scenes from different literary sources . Souvenirs of pilgrimages to shrines , such as clay or lead badges , medals and ampullae stamped with images were also popular and cheap . Their secular equivalent , the livery badge , showed signs of feudal and political loyalty or alliance that came to be regarded as a social menace in England under bastard feudalism . The cheaper forms were sometimes given away free , as with the 13,000 badges ordered in 1483 by King Richard III of England in fustian cloth with his emblem of a white boar for the investiture of his son Edward as Prince of Wales , a huge number given the population at the time . The Dunstable Swan Jewel , modelled fully in the round in enamelled gold , is a far more exclusive version , that would have been given to someone very close or important to the donor . |
[
""
] | easy | Which country did Gothic art belong to from 1220 to 1530? | /wiki/Gothic_art#P17#2 | Gothic art Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD , led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture . It spread to all of Western Europe , and much of Northern , Southern and Central Europe , never quite effacing more classical styles in Italy . In the late 14th century , the sophisticated court style of International Gothic developed , which continued to evolve until the late 15th century . In many areas , especially Germany , Late Gothic art continued well into the 16th century , before being subsumed into Renaissance art . Primary media in the Gothic period included sculpture , panel painting , stained glass , fresco and illuminated manuscripts . The easily recognizable shifts in architecture from Romanesque to Gothic , and Gothic to Renaissance styles , are typically used to define the periods in art in all media , although in many ways figurative art developed at a different pace . The earliest Gothic art was monumental sculpture , on the walls of Cathedrals and abbeys . Christian art was often typological in nature ( see Medieval allegory ) , showing the stories of the New Testament and the Old Testament side by side . Saints lives were often depicted . Images of the Virgin Mary changed from the Byzantine iconic form to a more human and affectionate mother , cuddling her infant , swaying from her hip , and showing the refined manners of a well-born aristocratic courtly lady . Secular art came into its own during this period with the rise of cities , foundation of universities , increase in trade , the establishment of a money-based economy and the creation of a bourgeois class who could afford to patronize the arts and commission works resulting in a proliferation of paintings and illuminated manuscripts . Increased literacy and a growing body of secular vernacular literature encouraged the representation of secular themes in art . With the growth of cities , trade guilds were formed and artists were often required to be members of a painters guild . As a result , because of better record keeping , more artists are known to us by name in this period than any previous ; some artists were even so bold as to sign their names . Origins . Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France , France , in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger . The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture , both monumental and personal in size , textile art , and painting , which took a variety of forms , including fresco , stained glass , the illuminated manuscript , and panel painting . Monastic orders , especially the Cistercians and the Carthusians , were important builders who disseminated the style and developed distinctive variants of it across Europe . Regional variations of architecture remained important , even when , by the late 14th century , a coherent universal style known as International Gothic had evolved , which continued until the late 15th century , and beyond in many areas . Although there was far more secular Gothic art than is often thought today , as generally the survival rate of religious art has been better than for secular equivalents , a large proportion of the art produced in the period was religious , whether commissioned by the church or by the laity . Gothic art was often typological in nature , reflecting a belief that the events of the Old Testament pre-figured those of the New , and that this was indeed their main significance . Old and New Testament scenes were shown side by side in works like the Speculum Humanae Salvationis , and the decoration of churches . The Gothic period coincided with a great resurgence in Marian devotion , in which the visual arts played a major part . Images of the Virgin Mary developed from the Byzantine hieratic types , through the Coronation of the Virgin , to more human and intimate types , and cycles of the Life of the Virgin were very popular . Artists like Giotto , Fra Angelico and Pietro Lorenzetti in Italy , and Early Netherlandish painting , brought realism and a more natural humanity to art . Western artists , and their patrons , became much more confident in innovative iconography , and much more originality is seen , although copied formulae were still used by most artists . Iconography was affected by changes in theology , with depictions of the Assumption of Mary gaining ground on the older Death of the Virgin , and in devotional practices such as the Devotio Moderna , which produced new treatments of Christ in subjects such as the Man of Sorrows , Pensive Christ and Pietà , which emphasized his human suffering and vulnerability , in a parallel movement to that in depictions of the Virgin . Even in Last Judgements Christ was now usually shown exposing his chest to show the wounds of his Passion . Saints were shown more frequently and altarpieces showed saints relevant to the particular church or donor in attendance on a Crucifixion or enthroned Virgin and Child , or occupying the central space themselves ( this usually for works designed for side-chapels ) . Over the period many ancient iconographical features that originated in New Testament apocrypha were gradually eliminated under clerical pressure , like the midwives at the Nativity , though others were too well-established , and considered harmless . Etymology . The word Gothic for art was initially used as a synonym for Barbaric , and was therefore used pejoratively . Its critics saw this type of Medieval art as unrefined and too remote from the aesthetic proportions and shapes of Classical art . Renaissance authors believed that the Sack of Rome by the Gothic tribes in 410 had triggered the demise of the Classical world and all the values they held dear . In the 15th century , various Italian architects and writers complained that the new barbarian styles filtering down from north of the Alps posed a similar threat to the classical revival promoted by the early Renaissance . The Gothic qualifier for this art was first used in Raphaels letter to Pope Leo X c . 1518 and was subsequently popularised by the Italian artist and writer Giorgio Vasari , who used it as early as 1530 , calling Gothic art a monstrous and barbarous disorder . Raphael claimed that the pointed arches of northern architecture were an echo of the primitive huts the Germanic forest dwellers formed by bending trees together – a myth which would resurface much later in a more positive sense in the writings of the German Romantic movement . Gothic art was strongly criticized by French authors such as Boileau , La Bruyère , Rousseau , before becoming a recognized form of art , and the wording becoming fixed . Molière would famously comment on Gothic : <poem> The besotted taste of Gothic monuments , These odious monsters of ignorant centuries , Which the torrents of barbary spewed forth . </poem> In its beginning , Gothic art was initially called French work ( Opus Francigenum ) , thus attesting the priority of France in the creation of this style . Painting . Painting in a style that can be called Gothic did not appear until about 1200 , nearly 50 years after the origins of Gothic architecture and sculpture . The transition from Romanesque to Gothic is very imprecise and not at all a clear break , and Gothic ornamental detailing is often introduced before much change is seen in the style of figures or compositions themselves . Then figures become more animated in pose and facial expression , tend to be smaller in relation to the background of scenes , and are arranged more freely in the pictorial space , where there is room . This transition occurs first in England and France around 1200 , in Germany around 1220 and Italy around 1300 . Painting during the Gothic period was practiced in four primary media : frescos , panel paintings , manuscript illumination and stained glass . Frescoes . Frescoes continued to be used as the main pictorial narrative craft on church walls in southern Europe as a continuation of early Christian and Romanesque traditions . An accident of survival has given Denmark and Sweden the largest groups of surviving church wall paintings in the Biblia pauperum style , usually extending up to recently constructed cross vaults . In both Denmark and Sweden , they were almost all covered with limewash after the Reformation which has preserved them , but some have also remained untouched since their creation . Among the finest examples from Denmark are those of the Elmelunde Master from the Danish island of Møn who decorated the churches of Fanefjord , Keldby and Elmelunde . Albertus Pictor is arguably the most well-known fresco artist from the period working in Sweden . Examples of Swedish churches with well-preserved frescos include Tensta , Gökhem and Anga churches . Stained glass . In northern Europe , stained glass was an important and prestigious form of painting until the 15th century , when it became supplanted by panel painting . Gothic architecture greatly increased the amount of glass in large buildings , partly to allow for wide expanses of glass , as in rose windows . In the early part of the period mainly black paint and clear or brightly coloured glass was used , but in the early 14th century the use of compounds of silver , painted on glass which was then fired , allowed a number of variations of colour , centred on yellows , to be used with clear glass in a single piece . By the end of the period designs increasingly used large pieces of glass which were painted , with yellows as the dominant colours , and relatively few smaller pieces of glass in other colours . Manuscripts and printmaking . Illuminated manuscripts represent the most complete record of Gothic painting , providing a record of styles in places where no monumental works have otherwise survived . The earliest full manuscripts with French Gothic illustrations date to the middle of the 13th century . Many such illuminated manuscripts were royal bibles , although psalters also included illustrations ; the Parisian Psalter of Saint Louis , dating from 1253 to 1270 , features 78 full-page illuminations in tempera paint and gold leaf . During the late 13th century , scribes began to create prayer books for the laity , often known as books of hours due to their use at prescribed times of the day . Among the earliest is an example by William de Brailes that seems to have been written for an unknown laywoman living in a small village near Oxford in about 1240 . Nobility frequently purchased such texts , paying handsomely for decorative illustrations ; among the most well-known creators of these is Jean Pucelle , whose Hours of Jeanne dEvreux was commissioned by King Charles IV as a gift for his queen , Jeanne dÉvreux . Elements of the French Gothic present in such works include the use of decorative page framing reminiscent of the architecture of the time with elongated and detailed figures . The use of spatial indicators such as building elements and natural features such as trees and clouds also denote the French Gothic style of illumination . From the middle of the 14th century , blockbooks with both text and images cut as woodcut seem to have been affordable by parish priests in the Low Countries , where they were most popular . By the end of the century , printed books with illustrations , still mostly on religious subjects , were rapidly becoming accessible to the prosperous middle class , as were engravings of fairly high quality by printmakers like Israhel van Meckenem and Master E . S . In the 15th century , the introduction of cheap prints , mostly in woodcut , made it possible even for peasants to have devotional images at home . These images , tiny at the bottom of the market , often crudely coloured , were sold in thousands but are now extremely rare , most having been pasted to walls . Altarpiece and panel painting . Painting with oil on canvas did not become popular until the 15th and 16th centuries and was a hallmark of Renaissance art . In Northern Europe the important and innovative school of Early Netherlandish painting is in an essentially Gothic style , but can also be regarded as part of the Northern Renaissance , as there was a long delay before the Italian revival of interest in classicism had a great impact in the north . Painters like Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck made use of the technique of oil painting to create minutely detailed works , correct in perspective , where apparent realism was combined with richly complex symbolism arising precisely from the realistic detail they could now include , even in small works . In Early Netherlandish painting , from the richest cities of Northern Europe , a new minute realism in oil painting was combined with subtle and complex theological allusions , expressed precisely through the highly detailed settings of religious scenes . The Mérode Altarpiece ( 1420s ) of Robert Campin and the Washington Van Eyck Annunciation or Madonna of Chancellor Rolin ( both 1430s , by Jan van Eyck ) are examples . For the wealthy , small panel paintings , even polyptychs in oil painting were becoming increasingly popular , often showing donor portraits alongside , though often much smaller than the Virgin or saints depicted . These were usually displayed in the home . Sculpture . Monumental sculpture . The Gothic period is essentially defined by Gothic architecture , and does not entirely fit with the development of style in sculpture in either its start or finish . The facades of large churches , especially around doors , continued to have large tympanums , but also rows of sculpted figures spreading around them . The statues on the Western ( Royal ) Portal at Chartres Cathedral ( c . 1145 ) show an elegant but exaggerated columnar elongation , but those on the south transept portal , from 1215–20 , show a more naturalistic style and increasing detachment from the wall behind , and some awareness of the classical tradition . These trends were continued in the west portal at Reims Cathedral of a few years later , where the figures are almost in the round , as became usual as Gothic spread across Europe . Bamberg Cathedral has perhaps the largest assemblage of 13th century sculpture , culminating in 1240 with the Bamberg Rider , the first life-size equestrian statue in Western art since the 6th century . In Italy Nicola Pisano ( 1258–78 ) and his son Giovanni developed a style that is often called Proto-Renaissance , with unmistakable influence from Roman sarcophagi and sophisticated and crowded compositions , including a sympathetic handling of nudity , in relief panels on their pulpit of Siena Cathedral ( 1265–68 ) , the Fontana Maggiore in Perugia , and Giovannis pulpit in Pistoia of 1301 . Another revival of classical style is seen in the International Gothic work of Claus Sluter and his followers in Burgundy and Flanders around 1400 . Late Gothic sculpture continued in the North , with a fashion for very large , wooden , sculpted altarpieces with increasingly virtuoso carving and large numbers agitated expressive figures ; most surviving examples are in Germany , after much iconoclasm elsewhere . Tilman Riemenschneider , Veit Stoss and others continued the style well into the 16th century , gradually absorbing Italian Renaissance influences . Life-size tomb effigies in stone or alabaster became popular for the wealthy , and grand multi-level tombs evolved , with the Scaliger Tombs of Verona so large they had to be moved outside the church . By the 15th century there was an industry exporting Nottingham alabaster altar reliefs in groups of panels over much of Europe for economical parishes who could not afford stone retables . Portable sculpture . Small carvings , for a mainly lay and often female market , became a considerable industry in Paris and some other centres . Types of ivories included small , devotional polyptychs , single figures , especially of the Virgin , mirror-cases , combs , and elaborate caskets with scenes from Romances , used as engagement presents . The very wealthy collected extravagantly elaborate , jewelled and enamelled metalwork , both secular and religious , like the Duc de Berrys Holy Thorn Reliquary , until they ran short of money , when they were melted down again for cash . Gothic sculptures independent of architectural ornament were primarily created as devotional objects for the home or intended as donations for local churches , although small reliefs in ivory , bone and wood cover both religious and secular subjects , and were for church and domestic use . Such sculptures were the work of urban artisans , and the most typical subject for three dimensional small statues is the Virgin Mary alone or with child . Paris was the main centre of ivory workshops , and exported to most of northern Europe , though Italy also had a considerable production . An exemplar of these independent sculptures is among the collections of the Abbey Church of St Denis ; the silver-gilt Virgin and Child dates to 1339 and features Mary enveloped in a flowing cloak holding an infantile Christ figure . Both the simplicity of the cloak and the youth of the child presage other sculptures found in northern Europe dating to the 14th century and early 15th century . Such sculpture shows an evolution from an earlier stiff and elongated style , still partly Romanesque , into a spatial and naturalistic feel in the late 12th and early 13th century . Other French Gothic sculptural subjects included figures and scenes from popular literature of the time . Imagery from the poetry of the troubadours was particularly popular among artisans of mirror-cases and small boxes presumably for use by women . The Casket with Scenes of Romances ( Walters 71264 ) of 1330–50 is an unusually large example with space for a number of scenes from different literary sources . Souvenirs of pilgrimages to shrines , such as clay or lead badges , medals and ampullae stamped with images were also popular and cheap . Their secular equivalent , the livery badge , showed signs of feudal and political loyalty or alliance that came to be regarded as a social menace in England under bastard feudalism . The cheaper forms were sometimes given away free , as with the 13,000 badges ordered in 1483 by King Richard III of England in fustian cloth with his emblem of a white boar for the investiture of his son Edward as Prince of Wales , a huge number given the population at the time . The Dunstable Swan Jewel , modelled fully in the round in enamelled gold , is a far more exclusive version , that would have been given to someone very close or important to the donor . |
[
"Butler Bulldogs"
] | easy | Which team did Gordon Hayward play for from 2008 to 2010? | /wiki/Gordon_Hayward#P54#0 | Gordon Hayward Gordon Daniel Hayward ( born March 23 , 1990 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He played two seasons of college basketball for the Butler Bulldogs and was selected by the Utah Jazz with the ninth overall pick of the 2010 NBA draft . He played seven seasons in Utah before signing with the Boston Celtics in 2017 . In college , Hayward led Butler to the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Tournament . In 2017 , Hayward was selected as an NBA All-Star for the first time . High school career . Hayward attended Brownsburg High School in Brownsburg , Indiana . He grew from 511 ( 1.80 m ) in height as a freshman to 67 ( 2.01 m ) as a senior . Until his growth spurt , Hayward was more successful in tennis , in which he was a two-time all-state singles player . Haywards parents , Gordon Scott Hayward and Jody Hayward hosted parties for their son and his high school basketball teammates . Gordon Hayward has a sister , Heather . As a senior in 2007–08 , Hayward averaged 18.0 points , 8.4 rebounds and 3.6 assists per game . Hayward and teammate Julian Mavunga led Brownsburg to the Indiana Class 4A state championship . In the title game , Hayward made the game-winning basket at the buzzer to defeat Marion High School 40–39 . Hayward was selected Second-team all-state by AP and First-team all-state by the Indiana Basketball Coaches Association . He was selected Indianapolis Star Player of the Year . and he received the IHSAA Arthur L . Trester Award in Class 4A . Hayward was selected to represent Indiana in the 2008 Indiana – Kentucky Boys All-Star Game , which Indiana won . College career . Hayward was listed as an unranked three-star prospect on the recruiting website Rivals.com . He accepted a scholarship offer from Butler University , coached by Brad Stevens , despite late interest from Purdue and Michigan . As a freshman with the Bulldogs in 2008–09 , Hayward averaged 13.1 points and 6.5 rebounds per game . He was named Horizon League Newcomer of the Year , and selected to the Horizon League All-Newcomer Team and the All-Horizon League First Team . The Bulldogs won the Horizon League regular season title . In the championship game of the 2009 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament , Butler lost to Cleveland State . Butler received an at-large bid to the 2009 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament , and lost in the First Round against the LSU Tigers . In 2009–10 , Hayward was nominated for various preseason All-America teams and Player of the Year awards . Hayward averaged 15.5 points and 8.2 rebounds per game as a sophomore . The Butler Bulldogs won both the Horizon League regular season title , and the 2010 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament . He was named the Horizon League Player of the Year and selected to the All-Horizon League First Team . Hayward was also selected AP All-American Honorable Mention and ESPN Third-team Academic All-American . Butler lost to Duke in the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . In the final seconds , Hayward attempted a game-winning , buzzer-beating , half-court shot , which hit the backboard and rim , and bounced away . The shot is considered one of the most well-known plays in NCAA tournament history . Hayward was selected to the All-Tournament Team . Professional career . Utah Jazz ( 2010–2017 ) . After the 2010 NCAA basketball tournament , Hayward confirmed that he would submit his name for consideration in the 2010 NBA draft , but did not immediately hire an agent . In May 2010 , Hayward announced that he would forgo his final two seasons of college eligibility and enter the NBA draft . He hired Mark Bartelstein as his agent . On June 24 , 2010 , Hayward was selected as the ninth overall pick in the NBA draft by the Utah Jazz . As a rookie in 2010–11 , Hayward came off the bench . On April 5 , 2011 , Hayward had a noticeable performance in an 86–85 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers , finishing with 22 points , 6 rebounds , and 5 assists . Hayward ended the season with a 34-point game , a career high at the time , in a 107–103 win over the Denver Nuggets on April 13 . As a sophomore in 2011–12 , Hayward established himself in the starting lineup , and was selected to play in the 2012 NBA Rising Stars Challenge game . Hayward played for Team Chuck and recorded 14 points as his team won the game . Hayward made his NBA playoffs debut against the San Antonio Spurs as the Jazz lost 4–0 , in the first round . During the 2012–13 season , Hayward mainly came off the bench as a sixth man , but averaged a career high in points per game . Hayward received a third-place vote for the NBA Sixth Man of the Year award . After the departure of Paul Millsap and Al Jefferson during the 2013 offseason , Hayward emerged as the Jazzs new offensive threat , averaging career highs per game in points , rebounds , assists and steals . On January 7 , 2014 , Hayward scored career-high 37 points in a win over the Oklahoma City Thunder . After the 2013–14 season , Hayward became a restricted free agent . On July 10 , 2014 , Hayward received a four-year , $63 million maximum contract offer from the Charlotte Hornets . On July 12 , 2014 , the Jazz matched the offer sheet , re-signing Hayward . In 2014–15 , Hayward averaged a career high in points per game . On November 14 , 2014 , Hayward scored a season-high 33 points in 102–100 win over the New York Knicks . In 2015–16 , he again averaged a career high in points per game . On January 18 , 2016 , Hayward scored a season-high 36 points in a 124–119 double overtime loss to the Charlotte Hornets . On October 7 , 2016 , he suffered a fracture of the fourth finger on his left hand . He made his season debut on November 6 , scoring 28 points in a 114–109 win over the New York Knicks . Hayward averaged a career high in points per game , improving his points per game for a sixth straight season . On January 26 , 2017 , Hayward was selected to the 2017 NBA All-Star Game by the vote of Western Conference coaches . On February 9 , 2017 , he scored a season-high 36 points in a 112–105 overtime loss to the Dallas Mavericks . On March 2 , 2017 , Hayward scored a career-high 38 points in a 107–100 loss to the Indiana Pacers . He set a new career high on April 7 , 2017 , scoring 39 points in a 120–113 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On April 21 , 2017 , in Game 3 of the Jazzs first-round playoff series against the Los Angeles Clippers , Hayward scored a career-high 40 points in a 111–106 loss . Haywards 21 first-quarter points in Game 3 was a franchise playoff record for any one quarter . In Game 7 of the series on April 30 , he scored 26 points as the Jazz eliminated the Clippers with a 104–91 victory , closing out the first-round series 4–3 to earn the franchises first postseason victory since 2010 . The Jazz went on to lose in the second round to the Golden State Warriors in 4 games . Boston Celtics ( 2017–2020 ) . On July 4 , 2017 , Hayward announced via The Players Tribune that he would sign with the Boston Celtics . On July 14 , he signed with the Celtics to a reported four-year , $128 million contract . On October 17 , 2017 , Hayward suffered a fractured tibia and dislocated ankle in his left leg less than six minutes into the Celtics regular-season opener against the Cleveland Cavaliers . He landed awkwardly on the hardwood after an attempted alley-oop off a pass from Kyrie Irving , causing his leg to collapse underneath his weight . He was later ruled out for the rest of the season after undergoing surgery . Hayward had made considerable progress until he needed a second surgery in March 2018 . On October 16 , 2018 , Hayward played in his first game since the ankle injury . He recorded 10 points and five rebounds in 25 minutes in a 105–87 season-opening win over the Philadelphia 76ers . Hayward mainly came off the bench during the season , recovering from the injury . On December 1 , 2018 , he scored a season-high 30 points in a 118–109 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On January 2 , 2019 , Hayward set a new season-high with 35 points in a 115–102 win over the Timberwolves . On November 5 , 2019 , Hayward matched his regular-season career high with 39 points in a 119–116 win over the Cavaliers . On November 9 , he fractured his left hand in a game against the San Antonio Spurs . On December 9 , 2019 , Hayward returned from injury against the Cavaliers . On August 17 , 2020 , Hayward was injured with a Grade 3 right ankle sprain after improperly landing on teammate Daniel Theis foot while jumping for a rebound during the 1st round of the playoffs against the Philadelphia 76ers . On September 20 , 2020 , he returned to play Game 3 of the Eastern Conference Finals against the Miami Heat , however only in minimal capacity as the Heat went on to eliminate the Celtics in 6 games . Charlotte Hornets ( 2020–present ) . On November 29 , 2020 , Hayward was signed by the Boston Celtics to a four-year $120 million deal and then traded to the Charlotte Hornets , along with 2023 and 2024 second-round draft picks , in exchange for a conditional 2022 second-round draft pick . The trade also allowed the Boston Celtics to create a traded-player exception worth the value of the first year of Hayward’s four-year , $120 million dollar deal , that is $28.5 million , making it the biggest traded-player exception created in the history of the NBA . On December 23 , 2020 , Hayward made his Hornets debut , putting up 28 points , seven assists , and four rebounds in a 121–114 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers . On January 6 , 2021 , Hayward set a new career high of 44 points in a 102–94 win over the Atlanta Hawks . National team career . Hayward was selected as a member of the United States team for the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Championship . Hayward averaged 10 points and 5.7 rebounds per game as Team USA won the championship . He was selected to the All-Tournament Team . In 2012 , Hayward was selected as a member of the USA Basketball Select Team that trained against the United States Olympic team . In 2014 , he was selected as a finalist for the United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team , but he did not make the final 12-man roster . In 2016 , Hayward was named a finalist for United States Olympic team . He ultimately withdrew his name from selection , citing family obligations . Personal life . Hayward is the son of Jody and Gordon Scott Hayward . He has a twin sister , Heather , who played tennis for Butler University . Hayward is married . In 2015 , his wife Robyn gave birth to the couples first daughter . In July 2016 , the couples second daughter was born . In January 2019 , the couples third daughter was born . In September 2020 , the couples first son was born , while Hayward was in the NBA Bubble . Hayward is a Christian . Hayward has said , “.. . I am playing for the glory of God . It makes life easier . It takes a lot of pressure off of you . My inspiration first and foremost always has to be God . I play every game for Him and after that my inspiration is my family.” Hayward is interested in video games and named League of Legends as his favorite esport . Hayward also is active in mobile games such as Clash Royale , where he created a clan inviting friends and fans to compete and socialize . In October 2018 , League of Legends developer Riot Games released an animated commercial in support of Haywards recovery from an ankle injury while playing for the Boston Celtics . Hayward has appeared in commercials for the IGN Pro League and played StarCraft II during IGN Pro League 3 in 2011 . Hayward has esports and gaming endorsements with HyperX , Xfinity , and AutoFull . On August 9 , 2019 , he signed an honorary lifetime contract for Hupu , a Chinese League of Legend Teams as its midlaner . In 2017 , Dicks Sporting Goods NBA Jersey Report listed Haywards jersey as the 13th best selling in the league . In 2018 , Hayward signed an endorsement deal with Chinese sports footwear and apparel company Anta . As part of the deal , Hayward will debut a signature shoe line . Hayward previously had endorsement deals with Peak and Nike . Hayward appeared in advertisements for Unilevers line of mens bodycare products during the 2018 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . External links . - Butler Bulldogs bio - FIBA profile |
[
"Utah Jazz"
] | easy | Which team did the player Gordon Hayward belong to from 2010 to 2017? | /wiki/Gordon_Hayward#P54#1 | Gordon Hayward Gordon Daniel Hayward ( born March 23 , 1990 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He played two seasons of college basketball for the Butler Bulldogs and was selected by the Utah Jazz with the ninth overall pick of the 2010 NBA draft . He played seven seasons in Utah before signing with the Boston Celtics in 2017 . In college , Hayward led Butler to the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Tournament . In 2017 , Hayward was selected as an NBA All-Star for the first time . High school career . Hayward attended Brownsburg High School in Brownsburg , Indiana . He grew from 511 ( 1.80 m ) in height as a freshman to 67 ( 2.01 m ) as a senior . Until his growth spurt , Hayward was more successful in tennis , in which he was a two-time all-state singles player . Haywards parents , Gordon Scott Hayward and Jody Hayward hosted parties for their son and his high school basketball teammates . Gordon Hayward has a sister , Heather . As a senior in 2007–08 , Hayward averaged 18.0 points , 8.4 rebounds and 3.6 assists per game . Hayward and teammate Julian Mavunga led Brownsburg to the Indiana Class 4A state championship . In the title game , Hayward made the game-winning basket at the buzzer to defeat Marion High School 40–39 . Hayward was selected Second-team all-state by AP and First-team all-state by the Indiana Basketball Coaches Association . He was selected Indianapolis Star Player of the Year . and he received the IHSAA Arthur L . Trester Award in Class 4A . Hayward was selected to represent Indiana in the 2008 Indiana – Kentucky Boys All-Star Game , which Indiana won . College career . Hayward was listed as an unranked three-star prospect on the recruiting website Rivals.com . He accepted a scholarship offer from Butler University , coached by Brad Stevens , despite late interest from Purdue and Michigan . As a freshman with the Bulldogs in 2008–09 , Hayward averaged 13.1 points and 6.5 rebounds per game . He was named Horizon League Newcomer of the Year , and selected to the Horizon League All-Newcomer Team and the All-Horizon League First Team . The Bulldogs won the Horizon League regular season title . In the championship game of the 2009 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament , Butler lost to Cleveland State . Butler received an at-large bid to the 2009 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament , and lost in the First Round against the LSU Tigers . In 2009–10 , Hayward was nominated for various preseason All-America teams and Player of the Year awards . Hayward averaged 15.5 points and 8.2 rebounds per game as a sophomore . The Butler Bulldogs won both the Horizon League regular season title , and the 2010 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament . He was named the Horizon League Player of the Year and selected to the All-Horizon League First Team . Hayward was also selected AP All-American Honorable Mention and ESPN Third-team Academic All-American . Butler lost to Duke in the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . In the final seconds , Hayward attempted a game-winning , buzzer-beating , half-court shot , which hit the backboard and rim , and bounced away . The shot is considered one of the most well-known plays in NCAA tournament history . Hayward was selected to the All-Tournament Team . Professional career . Utah Jazz ( 2010–2017 ) . After the 2010 NCAA basketball tournament , Hayward confirmed that he would submit his name for consideration in the 2010 NBA draft , but did not immediately hire an agent . In May 2010 , Hayward announced that he would forgo his final two seasons of college eligibility and enter the NBA draft . He hired Mark Bartelstein as his agent . On June 24 , 2010 , Hayward was selected as the ninth overall pick in the NBA draft by the Utah Jazz . As a rookie in 2010–11 , Hayward came off the bench . On April 5 , 2011 , Hayward had a noticeable performance in an 86–85 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers , finishing with 22 points , 6 rebounds , and 5 assists . Hayward ended the season with a 34-point game , a career high at the time , in a 107–103 win over the Denver Nuggets on April 13 . As a sophomore in 2011–12 , Hayward established himself in the starting lineup , and was selected to play in the 2012 NBA Rising Stars Challenge game . Hayward played for Team Chuck and recorded 14 points as his team won the game . Hayward made his NBA playoffs debut against the San Antonio Spurs as the Jazz lost 4–0 , in the first round . During the 2012–13 season , Hayward mainly came off the bench as a sixth man , but averaged a career high in points per game . Hayward received a third-place vote for the NBA Sixth Man of the Year award . After the departure of Paul Millsap and Al Jefferson during the 2013 offseason , Hayward emerged as the Jazzs new offensive threat , averaging career highs per game in points , rebounds , assists and steals . On January 7 , 2014 , Hayward scored career-high 37 points in a win over the Oklahoma City Thunder . After the 2013–14 season , Hayward became a restricted free agent . On July 10 , 2014 , Hayward received a four-year , $63 million maximum contract offer from the Charlotte Hornets . On July 12 , 2014 , the Jazz matched the offer sheet , re-signing Hayward . In 2014–15 , Hayward averaged a career high in points per game . On November 14 , 2014 , Hayward scored a season-high 33 points in 102–100 win over the New York Knicks . In 2015–16 , he again averaged a career high in points per game . On January 18 , 2016 , Hayward scored a season-high 36 points in a 124–119 double overtime loss to the Charlotte Hornets . On October 7 , 2016 , he suffered a fracture of the fourth finger on his left hand . He made his season debut on November 6 , scoring 28 points in a 114–109 win over the New York Knicks . Hayward averaged a career high in points per game , improving his points per game for a sixth straight season . On January 26 , 2017 , Hayward was selected to the 2017 NBA All-Star Game by the vote of Western Conference coaches . On February 9 , 2017 , he scored a season-high 36 points in a 112–105 overtime loss to the Dallas Mavericks . On March 2 , 2017 , Hayward scored a career-high 38 points in a 107–100 loss to the Indiana Pacers . He set a new career high on April 7 , 2017 , scoring 39 points in a 120–113 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On April 21 , 2017 , in Game 3 of the Jazzs first-round playoff series against the Los Angeles Clippers , Hayward scored a career-high 40 points in a 111–106 loss . Haywards 21 first-quarter points in Game 3 was a franchise playoff record for any one quarter . In Game 7 of the series on April 30 , he scored 26 points as the Jazz eliminated the Clippers with a 104–91 victory , closing out the first-round series 4–3 to earn the franchises first postseason victory since 2010 . The Jazz went on to lose in the second round to the Golden State Warriors in 4 games . Boston Celtics ( 2017–2020 ) . On July 4 , 2017 , Hayward announced via The Players Tribune that he would sign with the Boston Celtics . On July 14 , he signed with the Celtics to a reported four-year , $128 million contract . On October 17 , 2017 , Hayward suffered a fractured tibia and dislocated ankle in his left leg less than six minutes into the Celtics regular-season opener against the Cleveland Cavaliers . He landed awkwardly on the hardwood after an attempted alley-oop off a pass from Kyrie Irving , causing his leg to collapse underneath his weight . He was later ruled out for the rest of the season after undergoing surgery . Hayward had made considerable progress until he needed a second surgery in March 2018 . On October 16 , 2018 , Hayward played in his first game since the ankle injury . He recorded 10 points and five rebounds in 25 minutes in a 105–87 season-opening win over the Philadelphia 76ers . Hayward mainly came off the bench during the season , recovering from the injury . On December 1 , 2018 , he scored a season-high 30 points in a 118–109 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On January 2 , 2019 , Hayward set a new season-high with 35 points in a 115–102 win over the Timberwolves . On November 5 , 2019 , Hayward matched his regular-season career high with 39 points in a 119–116 win over the Cavaliers . On November 9 , he fractured his left hand in a game against the San Antonio Spurs . On December 9 , 2019 , Hayward returned from injury against the Cavaliers . On August 17 , 2020 , Hayward was injured with a Grade 3 right ankle sprain after improperly landing on teammate Daniel Theis foot while jumping for a rebound during the 1st round of the playoffs against the Philadelphia 76ers . On September 20 , 2020 , he returned to play Game 3 of the Eastern Conference Finals against the Miami Heat , however only in minimal capacity as the Heat went on to eliminate the Celtics in 6 games . Charlotte Hornets ( 2020–present ) . On November 29 , 2020 , Hayward was signed by the Boston Celtics to a four-year $120 million deal and then traded to the Charlotte Hornets , along with 2023 and 2024 second-round draft picks , in exchange for a conditional 2022 second-round draft pick . The trade also allowed the Boston Celtics to create a traded-player exception worth the value of the first year of Hayward’s four-year , $120 million dollar deal , that is $28.5 million , making it the biggest traded-player exception created in the history of the NBA . On December 23 , 2020 , Hayward made his Hornets debut , putting up 28 points , seven assists , and four rebounds in a 121–114 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers . On January 6 , 2021 , Hayward set a new career high of 44 points in a 102–94 win over the Atlanta Hawks . National team career . Hayward was selected as a member of the United States team for the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Championship . Hayward averaged 10 points and 5.7 rebounds per game as Team USA won the championship . He was selected to the All-Tournament Team . In 2012 , Hayward was selected as a member of the USA Basketball Select Team that trained against the United States Olympic team . In 2014 , he was selected as a finalist for the United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team , but he did not make the final 12-man roster . In 2016 , Hayward was named a finalist for United States Olympic team . He ultimately withdrew his name from selection , citing family obligations . Personal life . Hayward is the son of Jody and Gordon Scott Hayward . He has a twin sister , Heather , who played tennis for Butler University . Hayward is married . In 2015 , his wife Robyn gave birth to the couples first daughter . In July 2016 , the couples second daughter was born . In January 2019 , the couples third daughter was born . In September 2020 , the couples first son was born , while Hayward was in the NBA Bubble . Hayward is a Christian . Hayward has said , “.. . I am playing for the glory of God . It makes life easier . It takes a lot of pressure off of you . My inspiration first and foremost always has to be God . I play every game for Him and after that my inspiration is my family.” Hayward is interested in video games and named League of Legends as his favorite esport . Hayward also is active in mobile games such as Clash Royale , where he created a clan inviting friends and fans to compete and socialize . In October 2018 , League of Legends developer Riot Games released an animated commercial in support of Haywards recovery from an ankle injury while playing for the Boston Celtics . Hayward has appeared in commercials for the IGN Pro League and played StarCraft II during IGN Pro League 3 in 2011 . Hayward has esports and gaming endorsements with HyperX , Xfinity , and AutoFull . On August 9 , 2019 , he signed an honorary lifetime contract for Hupu , a Chinese League of Legend Teams as its midlaner . In 2017 , Dicks Sporting Goods NBA Jersey Report listed Haywards jersey as the 13th best selling in the league . In 2018 , Hayward signed an endorsement deal with Chinese sports footwear and apparel company Anta . As part of the deal , Hayward will debut a signature shoe line . Hayward previously had endorsement deals with Peak and Nike . Hayward appeared in advertisements for Unilevers line of mens bodycare products during the 2018 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . External links . - Butler Bulldogs bio - FIBA profile |
[
"Boston Celtics"
] | easy | Which team did Gordon Hayward play for from 2017 to 2018? | /wiki/Gordon_Hayward#P54#2 | Gordon Hayward Gordon Daniel Hayward ( born March 23 , 1990 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He played two seasons of college basketball for the Butler Bulldogs and was selected by the Utah Jazz with the ninth overall pick of the 2010 NBA draft . He played seven seasons in Utah before signing with the Boston Celtics in 2017 . In college , Hayward led Butler to the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Tournament . In 2017 , Hayward was selected as an NBA All-Star for the first time . High school career . Hayward attended Brownsburg High School in Brownsburg , Indiana . He grew from 511 ( 1.80 m ) in height as a freshman to 67 ( 2.01 m ) as a senior . Until his growth spurt , Hayward was more successful in tennis , in which he was a two-time all-state singles player . Haywards parents , Gordon Scott Hayward and Jody Hayward hosted parties for their son and his high school basketball teammates . Gordon Hayward has a sister , Heather . As a senior in 2007–08 , Hayward averaged 18.0 points , 8.4 rebounds and 3.6 assists per game . Hayward and teammate Julian Mavunga led Brownsburg to the Indiana Class 4A state championship . In the title game , Hayward made the game-winning basket at the buzzer to defeat Marion High School 40–39 . Hayward was selected Second-team all-state by AP and First-team all-state by the Indiana Basketball Coaches Association . He was selected Indianapolis Star Player of the Year . and he received the IHSAA Arthur L . Trester Award in Class 4A . Hayward was selected to represent Indiana in the 2008 Indiana – Kentucky Boys All-Star Game , which Indiana won . College career . Hayward was listed as an unranked three-star prospect on the recruiting website Rivals.com . He accepted a scholarship offer from Butler University , coached by Brad Stevens , despite late interest from Purdue and Michigan . As a freshman with the Bulldogs in 2008–09 , Hayward averaged 13.1 points and 6.5 rebounds per game . He was named Horizon League Newcomer of the Year , and selected to the Horizon League All-Newcomer Team and the All-Horizon League First Team . The Bulldogs won the Horizon League regular season title . In the championship game of the 2009 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament , Butler lost to Cleveland State . Butler received an at-large bid to the 2009 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament , and lost in the First Round against the LSU Tigers . In 2009–10 , Hayward was nominated for various preseason All-America teams and Player of the Year awards . Hayward averaged 15.5 points and 8.2 rebounds per game as a sophomore . The Butler Bulldogs won both the Horizon League regular season title , and the 2010 Horizon League Mens Basketball Tournament . He was named the Horizon League Player of the Year and selected to the All-Horizon League First Team . Hayward was also selected AP All-American Honorable Mention and ESPN Third-team Academic All-American . Butler lost to Duke in the championship game of the 2010 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . In the final seconds , Hayward attempted a game-winning , buzzer-beating , half-court shot , which hit the backboard and rim , and bounced away . The shot is considered one of the most well-known plays in NCAA tournament history . Hayward was selected to the All-Tournament Team . Professional career . Utah Jazz ( 2010–2017 ) . After the 2010 NCAA basketball tournament , Hayward confirmed that he would submit his name for consideration in the 2010 NBA draft , but did not immediately hire an agent . In May 2010 , Hayward announced that he would forgo his final two seasons of college eligibility and enter the NBA draft . He hired Mark Bartelstein as his agent . On June 24 , 2010 , Hayward was selected as the ninth overall pick in the NBA draft by the Utah Jazz . As a rookie in 2010–11 , Hayward came off the bench . On April 5 , 2011 , Hayward had a noticeable performance in an 86–85 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers , finishing with 22 points , 6 rebounds , and 5 assists . Hayward ended the season with a 34-point game , a career high at the time , in a 107–103 win over the Denver Nuggets on April 13 . As a sophomore in 2011–12 , Hayward established himself in the starting lineup , and was selected to play in the 2012 NBA Rising Stars Challenge game . Hayward played for Team Chuck and recorded 14 points as his team won the game . Hayward made his NBA playoffs debut against the San Antonio Spurs as the Jazz lost 4–0 , in the first round . During the 2012–13 season , Hayward mainly came off the bench as a sixth man , but averaged a career high in points per game . Hayward received a third-place vote for the NBA Sixth Man of the Year award . After the departure of Paul Millsap and Al Jefferson during the 2013 offseason , Hayward emerged as the Jazzs new offensive threat , averaging career highs per game in points , rebounds , assists and steals . On January 7 , 2014 , Hayward scored career-high 37 points in a win over the Oklahoma City Thunder . After the 2013–14 season , Hayward became a restricted free agent . On July 10 , 2014 , Hayward received a four-year , $63 million maximum contract offer from the Charlotte Hornets . On July 12 , 2014 , the Jazz matched the offer sheet , re-signing Hayward . In 2014–15 , Hayward averaged a career high in points per game . On November 14 , 2014 , Hayward scored a season-high 33 points in 102–100 win over the New York Knicks . In 2015–16 , he again averaged a career high in points per game . On January 18 , 2016 , Hayward scored a season-high 36 points in a 124–119 double overtime loss to the Charlotte Hornets . On October 7 , 2016 , he suffered a fracture of the fourth finger on his left hand . He made his season debut on November 6 , scoring 28 points in a 114–109 win over the New York Knicks . Hayward averaged a career high in points per game , improving his points per game for a sixth straight season . On January 26 , 2017 , Hayward was selected to the 2017 NBA All-Star Game by the vote of Western Conference coaches . On February 9 , 2017 , he scored a season-high 36 points in a 112–105 overtime loss to the Dallas Mavericks . On March 2 , 2017 , Hayward scored a career-high 38 points in a 107–100 loss to the Indiana Pacers . He set a new career high on April 7 , 2017 , scoring 39 points in a 120–113 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On April 21 , 2017 , in Game 3 of the Jazzs first-round playoff series against the Los Angeles Clippers , Hayward scored a career-high 40 points in a 111–106 loss . Haywards 21 first-quarter points in Game 3 was a franchise playoff record for any one quarter . In Game 7 of the series on April 30 , he scored 26 points as the Jazz eliminated the Clippers with a 104–91 victory , closing out the first-round series 4–3 to earn the franchises first postseason victory since 2010 . The Jazz went on to lose in the second round to the Golden State Warriors in 4 games . Boston Celtics ( 2017–2020 ) . On July 4 , 2017 , Hayward announced via The Players Tribune that he would sign with the Boston Celtics . On July 14 , he signed with the Celtics to a reported four-year , $128 million contract . On October 17 , 2017 , Hayward suffered a fractured tibia and dislocated ankle in his left leg less than six minutes into the Celtics regular-season opener against the Cleveland Cavaliers . He landed awkwardly on the hardwood after an attempted alley-oop off a pass from Kyrie Irving , causing his leg to collapse underneath his weight . He was later ruled out for the rest of the season after undergoing surgery . Hayward had made considerable progress until he needed a second surgery in March 2018 . On October 16 , 2018 , Hayward played in his first game since the ankle injury . He recorded 10 points and five rebounds in 25 minutes in a 105–87 season-opening win over the Philadelphia 76ers . Hayward mainly came off the bench during the season , recovering from the injury . On December 1 , 2018 , he scored a season-high 30 points in a 118–109 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves . On January 2 , 2019 , Hayward set a new season-high with 35 points in a 115–102 win over the Timberwolves . On November 5 , 2019 , Hayward matched his regular-season career high with 39 points in a 119–116 win over the Cavaliers . On November 9 , he fractured his left hand in a game against the San Antonio Spurs . On December 9 , 2019 , Hayward returned from injury against the Cavaliers . On August 17 , 2020 , Hayward was injured with a Grade 3 right ankle sprain after improperly landing on teammate Daniel Theis foot while jumping for a rebound during the 1st round of the playoffs against the Philadelphia 76ers . On September 20 , 2020 , he returned to play Game 3 of the Eastern Conference Finals against the Miami Heat , however only in minimal capacity as the Heat went on to eliminate the Celtics in 6 games . Charlotte Hornets ( 2020–present ) . On November 29 , 2020 , Hayward was signed by the Boston Celtics to a four-year $120 million deal and then traded to the Charlotte Hornets , along with 2023 and 2024 second-round draft picks , in exchange for a conditional 2022 second-round draft pick . The trade also allowed the Boston Celtics to create a traded-player exception worth the value of the first year of Hayward’s four-year , $120 million dollar deal , that is $28.5 million , making it the biggest traded-player exception created in the history of the NBA . On December 23 , 2020 , Hayward made his Hornets debut , putting up 28 points , seven assists , and four rebounds in a 121–114 loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers . On January 6 , 2021 , Hayward set a new career high of 44 points in a 102–94 win over the Atlanta Hawks . National team career . Hayward was selected as a member of the United States team for the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Championship . Hayward averaged 10 points and 5.7 rebounds per game as Team USA won the championship . He was selected to the All-Tournament Team . In 2012 , Hayward was selected as a member of the USA Basketball Select Team that trained against the United States Olympic team . In 2014 , he was selected as a finalist for the United States FIBA Basketball World Cup team , but he did not make the final 12-man roster . In 2016 , Hayward was named a finalist for United States Olympic team . He ultimately withdrew his name from selection , citing family obligations . Personal life . Hayward is the son of Jody and Gordon Scott Hayward . He has a twin sister , Heather , who played tennis for Butler University . Hayward is married . In 2015 , his wife Robyn gave birth to the couples first daughter . In July 2016 , the couples second daughter was born . In January 2019 , the couples third daughter was born . In September 2020 , the couples first son was born , while Hayward was in the NBA Bubble . Hayward is a Christian . Hayward has said , “.. . I am playing for the glory of God . It makes life easier . It takes a lot of pressure off of you . My inspiration first and foremost always has to be God . I play every game for Him and after that my inspiration is my family.” Hayward is interested in video games and named League of Legends as his favorite esport . Hayward also is active in mobile games such as Clash Royale , where he created a clan inviting friends and fans to compete and socialize . In October 2018 , League of Legends developer Riot Games released an animated commercial in support of Haywards recovery from an ankle injury while playing for the Boston Celtics . Hayward has appeared in commercials for the IGN Pro League and played StarCraft II during IGN Pro League 3 in 2011 . Hayward has esports and gaming endorsements with HyperX , Xfinity , and AutoFull . On August 9 , 2019 , he signed an honorary lifetime contract for Hupu , a Chinese League of Legend Teams as its midlaner . In 2017 , Dicks Sporting Goods NBA Jersey Report listed Haywards jersey as the 13th best selling in the league . In 2018 , Hayward signed an endorsement deal with Chinese sports footwear and apparel company Anta . As part of the deal , Hayward will debut a signature shoe line . Hayward previously had endorsement deals with Peak and Nike . Hayward appeared in advertisements for Unilevers line of mens bodycare products during the 2018 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament . External links . - Butler Bulldogs bio - FIBA profile |
[
"Erkin Alptekin"
] | easy | Who was the head of World Uyghur Congress from 2004 to 2006? | /wiki/World_Uyghur_Congress#P488#0 | World Uyghur Congress The World Uyghur Congress ( , ; ; abbreviated WUC ) is an international organization of exiled Uyghur groups that aspires to represent the collective interest of the Uyghur people both inside and outside of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ( also called East Turkestan ) of the Peoples Republic of China . The World Uyghur Congress describes itself as a nonviolent and peaceful movement that opposes what it considers to be the Chinese occupation of East Turkestan and advocates rejection of totalitarianism , religious intolerance and terrorism as an instrument of policy . The Congress is funded in part by the National Endowment for Democracy or NED of the United States . It has been called a terrorist organization by the Chinese government and Chinese state-controlled media . The Congress was formed in mid-April 2004 at a meeting in Munich , Germany , as a collection of various exiled Uyghur groups , advocating for greater autonomy , including the World Uyghur Youth Congress ( WUYC ) and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress ( ETNC ) following a split among the East Turkestan National Congress over the issue of autonomy vs independence . Dolkun Isa is the current president , elected in November 2017 . A prominent Uyghur activist , Isa has been living in Germany since 1996 after fleeing from China . Formation . The World Uyghur Congress is an umbrella organization of Uyghur nationalist groups such as the World Uyghur Youth Congress , and was formed in November 1996 and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress . The East Turkistan National Congress split in early 2004 over the issue of independence vs autonomy . On 18 April 2004 , some Uyghur groups united to create the pro-autonomy World Uyghur Congress , with Erkin Alptekin serving as the first president and Dolkun Isa is General Secretary since 2004 of the unified group ; he served until 2006 , when Rebiya Kadeer was elected as at the second General Assembly meeting held on 24–27 November 2006 . While other Uyghur , Kazakh , and other Turkic groups formed the pro-independence East Turkistan Government in Exile in September 2004 . The Congress has convened six assemblies since its inception—in 2004 , 2006 , 2009 , 2012 , 2016 and 2017 . It is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization , and is based primarily in Munich , home to a large Uyghur diaspora . There are no known links between the WUC and the East Turkestan Islamic Movement . In 2019 , the World Uyghur Congress , represented by Dolkun Isa , received the Democracy Award for advocating for democracy , human rights , and freedom for the Uyghur people and the use of peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to help Uyghurs achieve self-determination . Objectives . The WUC has accused former Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong of colonizing Xinjiang and reneging on promises to allow self-determination for the region . According to the WUC , its main aim is to promote the right of the Uyghur people to use peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to determine the political future of East Turkestan . It has declared its intention to work with world governments and form a peaceful opposition to the policies of the Chinese government in Xinjiang , whose treatment of Uyghurs , it alleges , risk turning the region into a time bomb . The first president , Erkin Alptekin , described the Han Chinese as colonists who want to replace us with their own people and assimilate those of us who remain , wiping out our culture . The Congress has also said China is exaggerating the threat from terrorists in order to justify repression in the region . The Congress , like the Uyghur American Association based in Washington , D.C. , use mass media and their own websites in an aim to inform the international community of human rights abuses in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region . It has been described as cyber-separatism which is supported in part by wealthy Uyghurs in the Middle East . Some newspapers in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan reprint articles from the websites in Uyghur and Russian . Leadership . Steering Committee . As the Congress is made up of a number of international Uyghur groups , its leaders are based in a number of countries as follows : The Congress also maintains representatives in Australia , Belgium , Denmark , France , Kyrgyzstan , Japan , Sweden and the United Kingdom . President Kadeer met former United States President George Bush in June 2007 , and British Foreign and Commonwealth Office officials in October the same year . Its President , Dolkun Isa is on the Red Notice List of the International Criminal Police Organization , though the German government does not recognize the notice , nor does the United States . Fair Trials , an organization working for fair trials according to internationally recognized standards of justice has noted that in practice , INTERPOL’s Red Notices are being used as political tools by NCBs , and are being issued and maintained on the basis of criminal cases which have been recognized as being politically-motivated by extradition courts and asylum authorities . President . Dolkun Isa is a former student-leader of the pro-democracy demonstrations at Xinjiang University in 1988 . He founded the Students Science and Culture Union at the university in 1987 and worked on programs to eliminate illiteracy and to promote science and to lead other students in East Turkestan . He was then dismissed from university but completed his physics degree via independent study , and went on to receive a masters degree in Politics and Sociology from Gazi University in Turkey and a degree in Computer Science in Munich , Germany . After enduring persecution from the Chinese government , Isa fled China in 1994 and sought asylum in Europe , and became a citizen of Germany in 2006 . Former Presidents . Erkin Alptekin ( born 4 July 1939 in Kashgar ) is a Uyghur activist . From Germany , he has helped found many Uyghur nationalist organizations , the best known of which are the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the World Uyghur Congress . Alptekin is the son of Isa Alptekin , who in 1933-1934 was the General Secretary of the First East Turkestan Republic in Western China . After the Peaceful Liberation of Xinjiang in 1949 and succession by the new Peoples Republic of China , Alptekins family fled to Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir . There he attended Catholic school and then Convent College , completing his studies in the Institute of Journalism in Istanbul . Alptekin is based in Germany . Rebiya Kadeer ( born 15 November 1946 ) is an ethnic Uyghur , businesswoman and political activist . Born in city of Altay of China , Kadeer became a millionaire in the 1980s through her real estate holdings and ownership of a multinational conglomerate . Kadeer held various positions in Chinas parliament and other political institutions before being arrested in 1999 for , according to Chinese state media , sending confidential internal reference reports to her husband , who worked in the United States as a pro-Xinjiang independence broadcaster . After she fled to the United States in 2005 on compassionate release , Kadeer assumed leadership positions in overseas Uyghur organizations such as the World Uyghur Congress . Kadeer speaks Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese . General Assemblies . 1st General Assembly . On 18 April 2004 , the first General Assembly of World Uyghur Congress was hold in Munich , Germany . In the Assembly , the World Uyghur Youth Congress , which was formed in November 1996 , and the East Turkestan National Congress declared their unification by forming the World Uyghur Congress . At this assembly , Erkin Alptekin was elected as the first president and Memet Tohti as the Vice-president . 2nd General Assembly . From 24 to 27 November 2008 , the World Uyghur Congress has successfully held its Second Assembly in Munich , Germany . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Prominent Uyghur political leader and human rights activist Ms . Rebiya Kadeer was unanimously elected as the new President of World Uyghur Congress . Ms . Kadeers election has given new hope and strength for WUC and the Uyghur people all around the world . 3rd General Assembly . From 21 to 25 May 2009 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully held its Third General Assembly in Washington D.C. . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Held in conjunction with the meeting was a conference on the Uyghur conflict entitled : East Turkestan : 60 Years under Communist Chinese Rule , that took place on 18 and 19 May , prior to the Assembly . During the week beginning on Monday , 18 May – officially designated by the WUC as Uyghur Week –WUC delegates , Uyghur human right activists , government officials , legislators and academics attended these two important events . 4th General Assembly . From 14 to 17 May 2012 , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) successfully held its 4th General Assembly in Tokyo , Japan , attended by more than 120 Uyghur delegates from 20 countries around the world . During the four-day assembly , delegates in six commissions discussed new strategies for the peaceful promotion of human rights and democracy for the Uyghur people , in light of Chinas current political conditions and its upcoming change of political leadership later this year . They also held a peaceful protest in front of the Chinese Embassy in Tokyo with the participation of Japanese supporters . During the rally , a representative delivered a letter to the Chinese government calling for an end to ongoing grave human rights abuses suffered by Uyghurs in their homeland . Japanese and international media covered the protest . During the Assembly , Uyghur delegates also elected a new WUC leadership . A Uyghur democracy movement leader , Ms . Rebiya Kadeer , was reelected WUC President . 5th General Assembly . On 13 July 2016 , the World Uyghur Congress , under the cosponsorship of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the Uyghur Association of France ( Association des Ouïghours de France ) successfully completed its 5th General Assembly in Paris , France . The Assembly brought together over 140 WUC delegates from 18 countries to elect new representation , amend the charter of the organization and to discuss a forward-looking strategic advocacy plan over the next four years . The public opening session brought together members of the Uyghur community with representatives of civil society in France as well as WUC affiliate organizations from around the world to highlight the successes of those groups as well potential areas for improvement . Speeches during the ceremony were delivered by WUC President , Rebiya Kadeer and UNPO Secretary General , Marino Busdachin , along with leaders of WUC affiliate organizations . 6th General Assembly . From 10 to 12 November 2017 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully completed its 6th General Assembly on 12 November in Munich , Germany . The assembly brought together over 100 WUC delegates hailing from 18 countries from 10 to 12 November to amend the Charter of the organization , discuss the most effective direction of the organization in the coming years , to develop a working strategy to more effectively raise the Uyghur issue in international fora , and elect new leadership . Long-time Uyghur activist and co-founder of the WUC , Dolkun Isa , was elected as WUC President and former vice-president , Omer Kanat was elected as Chairman of the Executive Committee . In addition , the delegates recognized the unparalleled contributions of former president and long time Uyghur activist Rebiya Kadeer with an honorary role with the organization . The closing ceremony was centered around a Uyghur cultural event that included a performance by members of the London Uyghur Ensemble , traditional dance and the recitation of poetry . The event allowed members of the Uyghur community from around the world to share in their common culture and heritage as the WUC looks to protect Uyghur identity going forward . Activities . The WUC engages in a wide range of awareness raising and advocacy campaigns about the human rights situation for Uyghurs in China , concentrating on United States Congress in Washington , EU member states , and EU and UN human rights mechanisms . The WUC also works with European Parliament ( including the EU Sub-committee on Human Rights ) , NGOs , UN Treaty Bodies , to which it submits alternative reports as well as UN Special Procedures ( Special Rapporteurs , Independent Experts and Working Groups ) . The WUC also participates actively with the UN Human Rights Council and submits written statements and reports , delivers oral statements to plenary sessions , and organizes side events that focus on Chinese human rights abuses . The WUC also attends the UN Forum on Minority Issues . Once Voice One Step . 15 March 2018 , hundreds of Uyghurs demonstrated in cities around the world to draw attention to the Chinese governments repression of the Uyghur people in East Turkestan and urge the international community to take action . Demonstrations were held in 15 cities in 14 countries around the world , including : the US , Germany , Belgium , Norway , Turkey , Sweden , the UK , Netherlands , Australia , Canada , France , Finland and Japan . On 18 October 2019 , an exhibition named A Prison Without Walls – East Turkestan Today , was opened , featuring photographs of reeducation camps , the everyday lives of Uighurs , and the July 2009 Urumqi riots opened at Taipeis 228 Memorial Museum . The exhibition was originally organized by the Uyghur American Association and the One Voice , One Step initiative and has been presented in 33 cities in 15 countries . The exhibition was to run for one month . March in Brussels . On 27 April 2018 , the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and its member organization , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) held a protest march in Brussels , Belgium to demand that China release one million Uyghurs having been arbitrarily arrested and currently being detained within Chinese reeducation camps . The participants also demanded that China stop the destruction of the Uyghurs cultural , religious and linguistic identity . This march brought together Uyghurs from many different diaspora groups from around the world and it is estimated that there were around 2,000 participants . Chinese government response . The government of the Peoples Republic of China has accused the World Uyghur Congress of fermenting unrest in Xinjiang , and added the WUC to its list of terrorist organizations in December 2003 . It has labeled the WUCs president as a terrorist who conspired with separatists and religious extremists to plan terror attacks . Kadeer rejected the accusations , saying that anyone who is unhappy with Chinas harsh rule is a separatist . During the July 2009 Ürümqi riots , the Chinese government said it had intercepted phone calls of overseas Turkestan groups and groups inside the country . The government has also alleged that Kadeer has close ties with the Dalai Lama , accused by China of inciting unrest in Tibet in 2008 , and claimed that WUC president Kadeer said that something similar should happen in Xinjiang . |
[
"Rebiya Kadeer"
] | easy | Who was the head of World Uyghur Congress from 2006 to 2017? | /wiki/World_Uyghur_Congress#P488#1 | World Uyghur Congress The World Uyghur Congress ( , ; ; abbreviated WUC ) is an international organization of exiled Uyghur groups that aspires to represent the collective interest of the Uyghur people both inside and outside of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ( also called East Turkestan ) of the Peoples Republic of China . The World Uyghur Congress describes itself as a nonviolent and peaceful movement that opposes what it considers to be the Chinese occupation of East Turkestan and advocates rejection of totalitarianism , religious intolerance and terrorism as an instrument of policy . The Congress is funded in part by the National Endowment for Democracy or NED of the United States . It has been called a terrorist organization by the Chinese government and Chinese state-controlled media . The Congress was formed in mid-April 2004 at a meeting in Munich , Germany , as a collection of various exiled Uyghur groups , advocating for greater autonomy , including the World Uyghur Youth Congress ( WUYC ) and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress ( ETNC ) following a split among the East Turkestan National Congress over the issue of autonomy vs independence . Dolkun Isa is the current president , elected in November 2017 . A prominent Uyghur activist , Isa has been living in Germany since 1996 after fleeing from China . Formation . The World Uyghur Congress is an umbrella organization of Uyghur nationalist groups such as the World Uyghur Youth Congress , and was formed in November 1996 and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress . The East Turkistan National Congress split in early 2004 over the issue of independence vs autonomy . On 18 April 2004 , some Uyghur groups united to create the pro-autonomy World Uyghur Congress , with Erkin Alptekin serving as the first president and Dolkun Isa is General Secretary since 2004 of the unified group ; he served until 2006 , when Rebiya Kadeer was elected as at the second General Assembly meeting held on 24–27 November 2006 . While other Uyghur , Kazakh , and other Turkic groups formed the pro-independence East Turkistan Government in Exile in September 2004 . The Congress has convened six assemblies since its inception—in 2004 , 2006 , 2009 , 2012 , 2016 and 2017 . It is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization , and is based primarily in Munich , home to a large Uyghur diaspora . There are no known links between the WUC and the East Turkestan Islamic Movement . In 2019 , the World Uyghur Congress , represented by Dolkun Isa , received the Democracy Award for advocating for democracy , human rights , and freedom for the Uyghur people and the use of peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to help Uyghurs achieve self-determination . Objectives . The WUC has accused former Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong of colonizing Xinjiang and reneging on promises to allow self-determination for the region . According to the WUC , its main aim is to promote the right of the Uyghur people to use peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to determine the political future of East Turkestan . It has declared its intention to work with world governments and form a peaceful opposition to the policies of the Chinese government in Xinjiang , whose treatment of Uyghurs , it alleges , risk turning the region into a time bomb . The first president , Erkin Alptekin , described the Han Chinese as colonists who want to replace us with their own people and assimilate those of us who remain , wiping out our culture . The Congress has also said China is exaggerating the threat from terrorists in order to justify repression in the region . The Congress , like the Uyghur American Association based in Washington , D.C. , use mass media and their own websites in an aim to inform the international community of human rights abuses in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region . It has been described as cyber-separatism which is supported in part by wealthy Uyghurs in the Middle East . Some newspapers in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan reprint articles from the websites in Uyghur and Russian . Leadership . Steering Committee . As the Congress is made up of a number of international Uyghur groups , its leaders are based in a number of countries as follows : The Congress also maintains representatives in Australia , Belgium , Denmark , France , Kyrgyzstan , Japan , Sweden and the United Kingdom . President Kadeer met former United States President George Bush in June 2007 , and British Foreign and Commonwealth Office officials in October the same year . Its President , Dolkun Isa is on the Red Notice List of the International Criminal Police Organization , though the German government does not recognize the notice , nor does the United States . Fair Trials , an organization working for fair trials according to internationally recognized standards of justice has noted that in practice , INTERPOL’s Red Notices are being used as political tools by NCBs , and are being issued and maintained on the basis of criminal cases which have been recognized as being politically-motivated by extradition courts and asylum authorities . President . Dolkun Isa is a former student-leader of the pro-democracy demonstrations at Xinjiang University in 1988 . He founded the Students Science and Culture Union at the university in 1987 and worked on programs to eliminate illiteracy and to promote science and to lead other students in East Turkestan . He was then dismissed from university but completed his physics degree via independent study , and went on to receive a masters degree in Politics and Sociology from Gazi University in Turkey and a degree in Computer Science in Munich , Germany . After enduring persecution from the Chinese government , Isa fled China in 1994 and sought asylum in Europe , and became a citizen of Germany in 2006 . Former Presidents . Erkin Alptekin ( born 4 July 1939 in Kashgar ) is a Uyghur activist . From Germany , he has helped found many Uyghur nationalist organizations , the best known of which are the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the World Uyghur Congress . Alptekin is the son of Isa Alptekin , who in 1933-1934 was the General Secretary of the First East Turkestan Republic in Western China . After the Peaceful Liberation of Xinjiang in 1949 and succession by the new Peoples Republic of China , Alptekins family fled to Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir . There he attended Catholic school and then Convent College , completing his studies in the Institute of Journalism in Istanbul . Alptekin is based in Germany . Rebiya Kadeer ( born 15 November 1946 ) is an ethnic Uyghur , businesswoman and political activist . Born in city of Altay of China , Kadeer became a millionaire in the 1980s through her real estate holdings and ownership of a multinational conglomerate . Kadeer held various positions in Chinas parliament and other political institutions before being arrested in 1999 for , according to Chinese state media , sending confidential internal reference reports to her husband , who worked in the United States as a pro-Xinjiang independence broadcaster . After she fled to the United States in 2005 on compassionate release , Kadeer assumed leadership positions in overseas Uyghur organizations such as the World Uyghur Congress . Kadeer speaks Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese . General Assemblies . 1st General Assembly . On 18 April 2004 , the first General Assembly of World Uyghur Congress was hold in Munich , Germany . In the Assembly , the World Uyghur Youth Congress , which was formed in November 1996 , and the East Turkestan National Congress declared their unification by forming the World Uyghur Congress . At this assembly , Erkin Alptekin was elected as the first president and Memet Tohti as the Vice-president . 2nd General Assembly . From 24 to 27 November 2008 , the World Uyghur Congress has successfully held its Second Assembly in Munich , Germany . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Prominent Uyghur political leader and human rights activist Ms . Rebiya Kadeer was unanimously elected as the new President of World Uyghur Congress . Ms . Kadeers election has given new hope and strength for WUC and the Uyghur people all around the world . 3rd General Assembly . From 21 to 25 May 2009 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully held its Third General Assembly in Washington D.C. . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Held in conjunction with the meeting was a conference on the Uyghur conflict entitled : East Turkestan : 60 Years under Communist Chinese Rule , that took place on 18 and 19 May , prior to the Assembly . During the week beginning on Monday , 18 May – officially designated by the WUC as Uyghur Week –WUC delegates , Uyghur human right activists , government officials , legislators and academics attended these two important events . 4th General Assembly . From 14 to 17 May 2012 , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) successfully held its 4th General Assembly in Tokyo , Japan , attended by more than 120 Uyghur delegates from 20 countries around the world . During the four-day assembly , delegates in six commissions discussed new strategies for the peaceful promotion of human rights and democracy for the Uyghur people , in light of Chinas current political conditions and its upcoming change of political leadership later this year . They also held a peaceful protest in front of the Chinese Embassy in Tokyo with the participation of Japanese supporters . During the rally , a representative delivered a letter to the Chinese government calling for an end to ongoing grave human rights abuses suffered by Uyghurs in their homeland . Japanese and international media covered the protest . During the Assembly , Uyghur delegates also elected a new WUC leadership . A Uyghur democracy movement leader , Ms . Rebiya Kadeer , was reelected WUC President . 5th General Assembly . On 13 July 2016 , the World Uyghur Congress , under the cosponsorship of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the Uyghur Association of France ( Association des Ouïghours de France ) successfully completed its 5th General Assembly in Paris , France . The Assembly brought together over 140 WUC delegates from 18 countries to elect new representation , amend the charter of the organization and to discuss a forward-looking strategic advocacy plan over the next four years . The public opening session brought together members of the Uyghur community with representatives of civil society in France as well as WUC affiliate organizations from around the world to highlight the successes of those groups as well potential areas for improvement . Speeches during the ceremony were delivered by WUC President , Rebiya Kadeer and UNPO Secretary General , Marino Busdachin , along with leaders of WUC affiliate organizations . 6th General Assembly . From 10 to 12 November 2017 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully completed its 6th General Assembly on 12 November in Munich , Germany . The assembly brought together over 100 WUC delegates hailing from 18 countries from 10 to 12 November to amend the Charter of the organization , discuss the most effective direction of the organization in the coming years , to develop a working strategy to more effectively raise the Uyghur issue in international fora , and elect new leadership . Long-time Uyghur activist and co-founder of the WUC , Dolkun Isa , was elected as WUC President and former vice-president , Omer Kanat was elected as Chairman of the Executive Committee . In addition , the delegates recognized the unparalleled contributions of former president and long time Uyghur activist Rebiya Kadeer with an honorary role with the organization . The closing ceremony was centered around a Uyghur cultural event that included a performance by members of the London Uyghur Ensemble , traditional dance and the recitation of poetry . The event allowed members of the Uyghur community from around the world to share in their common culture and heritage as the WUC looks to protect Uyghur identity going forward . Activities . The WUC engages in a wide range of awareness raising and advocacy campaigns about the human rights situation for Uyghurs in China , concentrating on United States Congress in Washington , EU member states , and EU and UN human rights mechanisms . The WUC also works with European Parliament ( including the EU Sub-committee on Human Rights ) , NGOs , UN Treaty Bodies , to which it submits alternative reports as well as UN Special Procedures ( Special Rapporteurs , Independent Experts and Working Groups ) . The WUC also participates actively with the UN Human Rights Council and submits written statements and reports , delivers oral statements to plenary sessions , and organizes side events that focus on Chinese human rights abuses . The WUC also attends the UN Forum on Minority Issues . Once Voice One Step . 15 March 2018 , hundreds of Uyghurs demonstrated in cities around the world to draw attention to the Chinese governments repression of the Uyghur people in East Turkestan and urge the international community to take action . Demonstrations were held in 15 cities in 14 countries around the world , including : the US , Germany , Belgium , Norway , Turkey , Sweden , the UK , Netherlands , Australia , Canada , France , Finland and Japan . On 18 October 2019 , an exhibition named A Prison Without Walls – East Turkestan Today , was opened , featuring photographs of reeducation camps , the everyday lives of Uighurs , and the July 2009 Urumqi riots opened at Taipeis 228 Memorial Museum . The exhibition was originally organized by the Uyghur American Association and the One Voice , One Step initiative and has been presented in 33 cities in 15 countries . The exhibition was to run for one month . March in Brussels . On 27 April 2018 , the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and its member organization , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) held a protest march in Brussels , Belgium to demand that China release one million Uyghurs having been arbitrarily arrested and currently being detained within Chinese reeducation camps . The participants also demanded that China stop the destruction of the Uyghurs cultural , religious and linguistic identity . This march brought together Uyghurs from many different diaspora groups from around the world and it is estimated that there were around 2,000 participants . Chinese government response . The government of the Peoples Republic of China has accused the World Uyghur Congress of fermenting unrest in Xinjiang , and added the WUC to its list of terrorist organizations in December 2003 . It has labeled the WUCs president as a terrorist who conspired with separatists and religious extremists to plan terror attacks . Kadeer rejected the accusations , saying that anyone who is unhappy with Chinas harsh rule is a separatist . During the July 2009 Ürümqi riots , the Chinese government said it had intercepted phone calls of overseas Turkestan groups and groups inside the country . The government has also alleged that Kadeer has close ties with the Dalai Lama , accused by China of inciting unrest in Tibet in 2008 , and claimed that WUC president Kadeer said that something similar should happen in Xinjiang . |
[
"Omer Kanat"
] | easy | Who was the chair of World Uyghur Congress from 2017 to 2018? | /wiki/World_Uyghur_Congress#P488#2 | World Uyghur Congress The World Uyghur Congress ( , ; ; abbreviated WUC ) is an international organization of exiled Uyghur groups that aspires to represent the collective interest of the Uyghur people both inside and outside of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ( also called East Turkestan ) of the Peoples Republic of China . The World Uyghur Congress describes itself as a nonviolent and peaceful movement that opposes what it considers to be the Chinese occupation of East Turkestan and advocates rejection of totalitarianism , religious intolerance and terrorism as an instrument of policy . The Congress is funded in part by the National Endowment for Democracy or NED of the United States . It has been called a terrorist organization by the Chinese government and Chinese state-controlled media . The Congress was formed in mid-April 2004 at a meeting in Munich , Germany , as a collection of various exiled Uyghur groups , advocating for greater autonomy , including the World Uyghur Youth Congress ( WUYC ) and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress ( ETNC ) following a split among the East Turkestan National Congress over the issue of autonomy vs independence . Dolkun Isa is the current president , elected in November 2017 . A prominent Uyghur activist , Isa has been living in Germany since 1996 after fleeing from China . Formation . The World Uyghur Congress is an umbrella organization of Uyghur nationalist groups such as the World Uyghur Youth Congress , and was formed in November 1996 and some members of the East Turkestan National Congress . The East Turkistan National Congress split in early 2004 over the issue of independence vs autonomy . On 18 April 2004 , some Uyghur groups united to create the pro-autonomy World Uyghur Congress , with Erkin Alptekin serving as the first president and Dolkun Isa is General Secretary since 2004 of the unified group ; he served until 2006 , when Rebiya Kadeer was elected as at the second General Assembly meeting held on 24–27 November 2006 . While other Uyghur , Kazakh , and other Turkic groups formed the pro-independence East Turkistan Government in Exile in September 2004 . The Congress has convened six assemblies since its inception—in 2004 , 2006 , 2009 , 2012 , 2016 and 2017 . It is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization , and is based primarily in Munich , home to a large Uyghur diaspora . There are no known links between the WUC and the East Turkestan Islamic Movement . In 2019 , the World Uyghur Congress , represented by Dolkun Isa , received the Democracy Award for advocating for democracy , human rights , and freedom for the Uyghur people and the use of peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to help Uyghurs achieve self-determination . Objectives . The WUC has accused former Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong of colonizing Xinjiang and reneging on promises to allow self-determination for the region . According to the WUC , its main aim is to promote the right of the Uyghur people to use peaceful , nonviolent , and democratic means to determine the political future of East Turkestan . It has declared its intention to work with world governments and form a peaceful opposition to the policies of the Chinese government in Xinjiang , whose treatment of Uyghurs , it alleges , risk turning the region into a time bomb . The first president , Erkin Alptekin , described the Han Chinese as colonists who want to replace us with their own people and assimilate those of us who remain , wiping out our culture . The Congress has also said China is exaggerating the threat from terrorists in order to justify repression in the region . The Congress , like the Uyghur American Association based in Washington , D.C. , use mass media and their own websites in an aim to inform the international community of human rights abuses in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region . It has been described as cyber-separatism which is supported in part by wealthy Uyghurs in the Middle East . Some newspapers in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan reprint articles from the websites in Uyghur and Russian . Leadership . Steering Committee . As the Congress is made up of a number of international Uyghur groups , its leaders are based in a number of countries as follows : The Congress also maintains representatives in Australia , Belgium , Denmark , France , Kyrgyzstan , Japan , Sweden and the United Kingdom . President Kadeer met former United States President George Bush in June 2007 , and British Foreign and Commonwealth Office officials in October the same year . Its President , Dolkun Isa is on the Red Notice List of the International Criminal Police Organization , though the German government does not recognize the notice , nor does the United States . Fair Trials , an organization working for fair trials according to internationally recognized standards of justice has noted that in practice , INTERPOL’s Red Notices are being used as political tools by NCBs , and are being issued and maintained on the basis of criminal cases which have been recognized as being politically-motivated by extradition courts and asylum authorities . President . Dolkun Isa is a former student-leader of the pro-democracy demonstrations at Xinjiang University in 1988 . He founded the Students Science and Culture Union at the university in 1987 and worked on programs to eliminate illiteracy and to promote science and to lead other students in East Turkestan . He was then dismissed from university but completed his physics degree via independent study , and went on to receive a masters degree in Politics and Sociology from Gazi University in Turkey and a degree in Computer Science in Munich , Germany . After enduring persecution from the Chinese government , Isa fled China in 1994 and sought asylum in Europe , and became a citizen of Germany in 2006 . Former Presidents . Erkin Alptekin ( born 4 July 1939 in Kashgar ) is a Uyghur activist . From Germany , he has helped found many Uyghur nationalist organizations , the best known of which are the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the World Uyghur Congress . Alptekin is the son of Isa Alptekin , who in 1933-1934 was the General Secretary of the First East Turkestan Republic in Western China . After the Peaceful Liberation of Xinjiang in 1949 and succession by the new Peoples Republic of China , Alptekins family fled to Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir . There he attended Catholic school and then Convent College , completing his studies in the Institute of Journalism in Istanbul . Alptekin is based in Germany . Rebiya Kadeer ( born 15 November 1946 ) is an ethnic Uyghur , businesswoman and political activist . Born in city of Altay of China , Kadeer became a millionaire in the 1980s through her real estate holdings and ownership of a multinational conglomerate . Kadeer held various positions in Chinas parliament and other political institutions before being arrested in 1999 for , according to Chinese state media , sending confidential internal reference reports to her husband , who worked in the United States as a pro-Xinjiang independence broadcaster . After she fled to the United States in 2005 on compassionate release , Kadeer assumed leadership positions in overseas Uyghur organizations such as the World Uyghur Congress . Kadeer speaks Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese . General Assemblies . 1st General Assembly . On 18 April 2004 , the first General Assembly of World Uyghur Congress was hold in Munich , Germany . In the Assembly , the World Uyghur Youth Congress , which was formed in November 1996 , and the East Turkestan National Congress declared their unification by forming the World Uyghur Congress . At this assembly , Erkin Alptekin was elected as the first president and Memet Tohti as the Vice-president . 2nd General Assembly . From 24 to 27 November 2008 , the World Uyghur Congress has successfully held its Second Assembly in Munich , Germany . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Prominent Uyghur political leader and human rights activist Ms . Rebiya Kadeer was unanimously elected as the new President of World Uyghur Congress . Ms . Kadeers election has given new hope and strength for WUC and the Uyghur people all around the world . 3rd General Assembly . From 21 to 25 May 2009 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully held its Third General Assembly in Washington D.C. . WUC delegates from the United States , Canada , the Great Britain , Australia , Germany , Norway , the Netherlands , Sweden , Turkey , Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan attended this assembly . Held in conjunction with the meeting was a conference on the Uyghur conflict entitled : East Turkestan : 60 Years under Communist Chinese Rule , that took place on 18 and 19 May , prior to the Assembly . During the week beginning on Monday , 18 May – officially designated by the WUC as Uyghur Week –WUC delegates , Uyghur human right activists , government officials , legislators and academics attended these two important events . 4th General Assembly . From 14 to 17 May 2012 , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) successfully held its 4th General Assembly in Tokyo , Japan , attended by more than 120 Uyghur delegates from 20 countries around the world . During the four-day assembly , delegates in six commissions discussed new strategies for the peaceful promotion of human rights and democracy for the Uyghur people , in light of Chinas current political conditions and its upcoming change of political leadership later this year . They also held a peaceful protest in front of the Chinese Embassy in Tokyo with the participation of Japanese supporters . During the rally , a representative delivered a letter to the Chinese government calling for an end to ongoing grave human rights abuses suffered by Uyghurs in their homeland . Japanese and international media covered the protest . During the Assembly , Uyghur delegates also elected a new WUC leadership . A Uyghur democracy movement leader , Ms . Rebiya Kadeer , was reelected WUC President . 5th General Assembly . On 13 July 2016 , the World Uyghur Congress , under the cosponsorship of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and the Uyghur Association of France ( Association des Ouïghours de France ) successfully completed its 5th General Assembly in Paris , France . The Assembly brought together over 140 WUC delegates from 18 countries to elect new representation , amend the charter of the organization and to discuss a forward-looking strategic advocacy plan over the next four years . The public opening session brought together members of the Uyghur community with representatives of civil society in France as well as WUC affiliate organizations from around the world to highlight the successes of those groups as well potential areas for improvement . Speeches during the ceremony were delivered by WUC President , Rebiya Kadeer and UNPO Secretary General , Marino Busdachin , along with leaders of WUC affiliate organizations . 6th General Assembly . From 10 to 12 November 2017 , the World Uyghur Congress successfully completed its 6th General Assembly on 12 November in Munich , Germany . The assembly brought together over 100 WUC delegates hailing from 18 countries from 10 to 12 November to amend the Charter of the organization , discuss the most effective direction of the organization in the coming years , to develop a working strategy to more effectively raise the Uyghur issue in international fora , and elect new leadership . Long-time Uyghur activist and co-founder of the WUC , Dolkun Isa , was elected as WUC President and former vice-president , Omer Kanat was elected as Chairman of the Executive Committee . In addition , the delegates recognized the unparalleled contributions of former president and long time Uyghur activist Rebiya Kadeer with an honorary role with the organization . The closing ceremony was centered around a Uyghur cultural event that included a performance by members of the London Uyghur Ensemble , traditional dance and the recitation of poetry . The event allowed members of the Uyghur community from around the world to share in their common culture and heritage as the WUC looks to protect Uyghur identity going forward . Activities . The WUC engages in a wide range of awareness raising and advocacy campaigns about the human rights situation for Uyghurs in China , concentrating on United States Congress in Washington , EU member states , and EU and UN human rights mechanisms . The WUC also works with European Parliament ( including the EU Sub-committee on Human Rights ) , NGOs , UN Treaty Bodies , to which it submits alternative reports as well as UN Special Procedures ( Special Rapporteurs , Independent Experts and Working Groups ) . The WUC also participates actively with the UN Human Rights Council and submits written statements and reports , delivers oral statements to plenary sessions , and organizes side events that focus on Chinese human rights abuses . The WUC also attends the UN Forum on Minority Issues . Once Voice One Step . 15 March 2018 , hundreds of Uyghurs demonstrated in cities around the world to draw attention to the Chinese governments repression of the Uyghur people in East Turkestan and urge the international community to take action . Demonstrations were held in 15 cities in 14 countries around the world , including : the US , Germany , Belgium , Norway , Turkey , Sweden , the UK , Netherlands , Australia , Canada , France , Finland and Japan . On 18 October 2019 , an exhibition named A Prison Without Walls – East Turkestan Today , was opened , featuring photographs of reeducation camps , the everyday lives of Uighurs , and the July 2009 Urumqi riots opened at Taipeis 228 Memorial Museum . The exhibition was originally organized by the Uyghur American Association and the One Voice , One Step initiative and has been presented in 33 cities in 15 countries . The exhibition was to run for one month . March in Brussels . On 27 April 2018 , the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) and its member organization , the World Uyghur Congress ( WUC ) held a protest march in Brussels , Belgium to demand that China release one million Uyghurs having been arbitrarily arrested and currently being detained within Chinese reeducation camps . The participants also demanded that China stop the destruction of the Uyghurs cultural , religious and linguistic identity . This march brought together Uyghurs from many different diaspora groups from around the world and it is estimated that there were around 2,000 participants . Chinese government response . The government of the Peoples Republic of China has accused the World Uyghur Congress of fermenting unrest in Xinjiang , and added the WUC to its list of terrorist organizations in December 2003 . It has labeled the WUCs president as a terrorist who conspired with separatists and religious extremists to plan terror attacks . Kadeer rejected the accusations , saying that anyone who is unhappy with Chinas harsh rule is a separatist . During the July 2009 Ürümqi riots , the Chinese government said it had intercepted phone calls of overseas Turkestan groups and groups inside the country . The government has also alleged that Kadeer has close ties with the Dalai Lama , accused by China of inciting unrest in Tibet in 2008 , and claimed that WUC president Kadeer said that something similar should happen in Xinjiang . |
[
"Kurt Maetzig"
] | easy | Who was the rector of Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg from 1954 to 1964? | /wiki/Konrad_Wolf_Film_University_of_Babelsberg#P1075#0 | Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg The Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg ( German : Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf ) is the oldest and largest film school in Germany . The university offers undergraduate , graduate , as well as post-graduate studies in all fields of the process of filmmaking . In addition , it is the only art school in Brandenburg , situated together with the Babelsberg Film Studio in Babelsberg . Different departments have been established in order to expand research , teaching , and studies , as well as for the improvement of its national and international affiliations . Among them are the Institute for Artistic Research ( Institut für künstlerische Forschung ) and the Potsdam Film Museum ( Filmmusem Potsdam ) . With the same objective , the university is also affiliated with the Erich Pommer Institute and the Institute for Career Research and Business Planning in Media ( Institut für Berufsforschung und Unternehmensplanung Medien ) . History . The institution was founded on 1 November 1954 as a German Academy of Film Art ( Deutsche Hochschule für Filmkunst ) at Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam-Babelsberg , and in 1969 , it was renamed the Film and Television Academy of the GDR . In 1985 , it was named after director Konrad Wolf ; the institute was renamed in 1990 to Academy for Film and Television . On 8 July 2014 , the school was granted university status and renamed Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg , after 60 years of existence . Historically , the head of the university was given the title of rector , but in May 2000 , this post was renamed president . The first rector of the university was Kurt Maetzig , from 1954 to 1964 . He was replaced by Konrad Schwalbe , who headed the film school until 1969 . Lutz Köhlert ( 1969-1973 ) , Peter Ulbrich ( 1973-1980 ) , Konrad Schwalbe ( 1980-1986 ) , and Lothar Bisky ( 1986-1990 ) were successors until the reunification of Germany . From 1990 until 1995 , the rector was Wolf-Dieter Panse . His successor and first president , from 2000 until 2013 , was Dieter Wiedemann . Since 2013 , the first woman to lead the university has been economist Susanne Stürmer . Studies . The university offers courses related to film , within Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts programs . The courses of 2015/16 were animation , animation directing , audio-visual application design , cinematography , digital media culture , script/dramaturgy , film and television production , film culture heritage , film music , film and television directing , media science , editing , directing , drama , sound , sound for picture , scenography/production design , and scenography . The Media Studies program is the most research-oriented course at the university and includes basic academic research and application-oriented research that reflects the artistic practice . Every year , students of the program collaborate with Sehsuechte , the largest student film festival in Europe , which takes place in April on the university campus and at Thalia Cinema at the Potsdam-Babelsberg station . Known films . Over the years , many movies have been filmed at the university , including Netto , And Along Come Tourists , Move , Combat Girls , Little Thirteen , and Breaking Horizons . Trivia . In 2011 , the Academy of Film and Television sponsored an award for special artistic and scientific achievements . Jürgen Böttcher was the first graduate of the university to win an award for outstanding international successes in film and painting , for artistic freedom and political responsibility . External links . - Official website |
[
"Lutz Köhlert"
] | easy | Who was the rector of Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg from 1969 to 1973? | /wiki/Konrad_Wolf_Film_University_of_Babelsberg#P1075#1 | Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg The Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg ( German : Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf ) is the oldest and largest film school in Germany . The university offers undergraduate , graduate , as well as post-graduate studies in all fields of the process of filmmaking . In addition , it is the only art school in Brandenburg , situated together with the Babelsberg Film Studio in Babelsberg . Different departments have been established in order to expand research , teaching , and studies , as well as for the improvement of its national and international affiliations . Among them are the Institute for Artistic Research ( Institut für künstlerische Forschung ) and the Potsdam Film Museum ( Filmmusem Potsdam ) . With the same objective , the university is also affiliated with the Erich Pommer Institute and the Institute for Career Research and Business Planning in Media ( Institut für Berufsforschung und Unternehmensplanung Medien ) . History . The institution was founded on 1 November 1954 as a German Academy of Film Art ( Deutsche Hochschule für Filmkunst ) at Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam-Babelsberg , and in 1969 , it was renamed the Film and Television Academy of the GDR . In 1985 , it was named after director Konrad Wolf ; the institute was renamed in 1990 to Academy for Film and Television . On 8 July 2014 , the school was granted university status and renamed Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg , after 60 years of existence . Historically , the head of the university was given the title of rector , but in May 2000 , this post was renamed president . The first rector of the university was Kurt Maetzig , from 1954 to 1964 . He was replaced by Konrad Schwalbe , who headed the film school until 1969 . Lutz Köhlert ( 1969-1973 ) , Peter Ulbrich ( 1973-1980 ) , Konrad Schwalbe ( 1980-1986 ) , and Lothar Bisky ( 1986-1990 ) were successors until the reunification of Germany . From 1990 until 1995 , the rector was Wolf-Dieter Panse . His successor and first president , from 2000 until 2013 , was Dieter Wiedemann . Since 2013 , the first woman to lead the university has been economist Susanne Stürmer . Studies . The university offers courses related to film , within Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts programs . The courses of 2015/16 were animation , animation directing , audio-visual application design , cinematography , digital media culture , script/dramaturgy , film and television production , film culture heritage , film music , film and television directing , media science , editing , directing , drama , sound , sound for picture , scenography/production design , and scenography . The Media Studies program is the most research-oriented course at the university and includes basic academic research and application-oriented research that reflects the artistic practice . Every year , students of the program collaborate with Sehsuechte , the largest student film festival in Europe , which takes place in April on the university campus and at Thalia Cinema at the Potsdam-Babelsberg station . Known films . Over the years , many movies have been filmed at the university , including Netto , And Along Come Tourists , Move , Combat Girls , Little Thirteen , and Breaking Horizons . Trivia . In 2011 , the Academy of Film and Television sponsored an award for special artistic and scientific achievements . Jürgen Böttcher was the first graduate of the university to win an award for outstanding international successes in film and painting , for artistic freedom and political responsibility . External links . - Official website |
[
"Lothar Bisky"
] | easy | Who was the rector of Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg from 1986 to 1990? | /wiki/Konrad_Wolf_Film_University_of_Babelsberg#P1075#2 | Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg The Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg ( German : Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf ) is the oldest and largest film school in Germany . The university offers undergraduate , graduate , as well as post-graduate studies in all fields of the process of filmmaking . In addition , it is the only art school in Brandenburg , situated together with the Babelsberg Film Studio in Babelsberg . Different departments have been established in order to expand research , teaching , and studies , as well as for the improvement of its national and international affiliations . Among them are the Institute for Artistic Research ( Institut für künstlerische Forschung ) and the Potsdam Film Museum ( Filmmusem Potsdam ) . With the same objective , the university is also affiliated with the Erich Pommer Institute and the Institute for Career Research and Business Planning in Media ( Institut für Berufsforschung und Unternehmensplanung Medien ) . History . The institution was founded on 1 November 1954 as a German Academy of Film Art ( Deutsche Hochschule für Filmkunst ) at Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam-Babelsberg , and in 1969 , it was renamed the Film and Television Academy of the GDR . In 1985 , it was named after director Konrad Wolf ; the institute was renamed in 1990 to Academy for Film and Television . On 8 July 2014 , the school was granted university status and renamed Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg , after 60 years of existence . Historically , the head of the university was given the title of rector , but in May 2000 , this post was renamed president . The first rector of the university was Kurt Maetzig , from 1954 to 1964 . He was replaced by Konrad Schwalbe , who headed the film school until 1969 . Lutz Köhlert ( 1969-1973 ) , Peter Ulbrich ( 1973-1980 ) , Konrad Schwalbe ( 1980-1986 ) , and Lothar Bisky ( 1986-1990 ) were successors until the reunification of Germany . From 1990 until 1995 , the rector was Wolf-Dieter Panse . His successor and first president , from 2000 until 2013 , was Dieter Wiedemann . Since 2013 , the first woman to lead the university has been economist Susanne Stürmer . Studies . The university offers courses related to film , within Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts programs . The courses of 2015/16 were animation , animation directing , audio-visual application design , cinematography , digital media culture , script/dramaturgy , film and television production , film culture heritage , film music , film and television directing , media science , editing , directing , drama , sound , sound for picture , scenography/production design , and scenography . The Media Studies program is the most research-oriented course at the university and includes basic academic research and application-oriented research that reflects the artistic practice . Every year , students of the program collaborate with Sehsuechte , the largest student film festival in Europe , which takes place in April on the university campus and at Thalia Cinema at the Potsdam-Babelsberg station . Known films . Over the years , many movies have been filmed at the university , including Netto , And Along Come Tourists , Move , Combat Girls , Little Thirteen , and Breaking Horizons . Trivia . In 2011 , the Academy of Film and Television sponsored an award for special artistic and scientific achievements . Jürgen Böttcher was the first graduate of the university to win an award for outstanding international successes in film and painting , for artistic freedom and political responsibility . External links . - Official website |
[
"Wolf-Dieter Panse"
] | easy | Who was the rector of Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg from 1990 to 1995? | /wiki/Konrad_Wolf_Film_University_of_Babelsberg#P1075#3 | Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg The Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg ( German : Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf ) is the oldest and largest film school in Germany . The university offers undergraduate , graduate , as well as post-graduate studies in all fields of the process of filmmaking . In addition , it is the only art school in Brandenburg , situated together with the Babelsberg Film Studio in Babelsberg . Different departments have been established in order to expand research , teaching , and studies , as well as for the improvement of its national and international affiliations . Among them are the Institute for Artistic Research ( Institut für künstlerische Forschung ) and the Potsdam Film Museum ( Filmmusem Potsdam ) . With the same objective , the university is also affiliated with the Erich Pommer Institute and the Institute for Career Research and Business Planning in Media ( Institut für Berufsforschung und Unternehmensplanung Medien ) . History . The institution was founded on 1 November 1954 as a German Academy of Film Art ( Deutsche Hochschule für Filmkunst ) at Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam-Babelsberg , and in 1969 , it was renamed the Film and Television Academy of the GDR . In 1985 , it was named after director Konrad Wolf ; the institute was renamed in 1990 to Academy for Film and Television . On 8 July 2014 , the school was granted university status and renamed Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg , after 60 years of existence . Historically , the head of the university was given the title of rector , but in May 2000 , this post was renamed president . The first rector of the university was Kurt Maetzig , from 1954 to 1964 . He was replaced by Konrad Schwalbe , who headed the film school until 1969 . Lutz Köhlert ( 1969-1973 ) , Peter Ulbrich ( 1973-1980 ) , Konrad Schwalbe ( 1980-1986 ) , and Lothar Bisky ( 1986-1990 ) were successors until the reunification of Germany . From 1990 until 1995 , the rector was Wolf-Dieter Panse . His successor and first president , from 2000 until 2013 , was Dieter Wiedemann . Since 2013 , the first woman to lead the university has been economist Susanne Stürmer . Studies . The university offers courses related to film , within Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts programs . The courses of 2015/16 were animation , animation directing , audio-visual application design , cinematography , digital media culture , script/dramaturgy , film and television production , film culture heritage , film music , film and television directing , media science , editing , directing , drama , sound , sound for picture , scenography/production design , and scenography . The Media Studies program is the most research-oriented course at the university and includes basic academic research and application-oriented research that reflects the artistic practice . Every year , students of the program collaborate with Sehsuechte , the largest student film festival in Europe , which takes place in April on the university campus and at Thalia Cinema at the Potsdam-Babelsberg station . Known films . Over the years , many movies have been filmed at the university , including Netto , And Along Come Tourists , Move , Combat Girls , Little Thirteen , and Breaking Horizons . Trivia . In 2011 , the Academy of Film and Television sponsored an award for special artistic and scientific achievements . Jürgen Böttcher was the first graduate of the university to win an award for outstanding international successes in film and painting , for artistic freedom and political responsibility . External links . - Official website |
[
"Dieter Wiedemann"
] | easy | Who was the rector of Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg from 1995 to 2000? | /wiki/Konrad_Wolf_Film_University_of_Babelsberg#P1075#4 | Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg The Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg ( German : Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf ) is the oldest and largest film school in Germany . The university offers undergraduate , graduate , as well as post-graduate studies in all fields of the process of filmmaking . In addition , it is the only art school in Brandenburg , situated together with the Babelsberg Film Studio in Babelsberg . Different departments have been established in order to expand research , teaching , and studies , as well as for the improvement of its national and international affiliations . Among them are the Institute for Artistic Research ( Institut für künstlerische Forschung ) and the Potsdam Film Museum ( Filmmusem Potsdam ) . With the same objective , the university is also affiliated with the Erich Pommer Institute and the Institute for Career Research and Business Planning in Media ( Institut für Berufsforschung und Unternehmensplanung Medien ) . History . The institution was founded on 1 November 1954 as a German Academy of Film Art ( Deutsche Hochschule für Filmkunst ) at Babelsberg Palace in Potsdam-Babelsberg , and in 1969 , it was renamed the Film and Television Academy of the GDR . In 1985 , it was named after director Konrad Wolf ; the institute was renamed in 1990 to Academy for Film and Television . On 8 July 2014 , the school was granted university status and renamed Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg , after 60 years of existence . Historically , the head of the university was given the title of rector , but in May 2000 , this post was renamed president . The first rector of the university was Kurt Maetzig , from 1954 to 1964 . He was replaced by Konrad Schwalbe , who headed the film school until 1969 . Lutz Köhlert ( 1969-1973 ) , Peter Ulbrich ( 1973-1980 ) , Konrad Schwalbe ( 1980-1986 ) , and Lothar Bisky ( 1986-1990 ) were successors until the reunification of Germany . From 1990 until 1995 , the rector was Wolf-Dieter Panse . His successor and first president , from 2000 until 2013 , was Dieter Wiedemann . Since 2013 , the first woman to lead the university has been economist Susanne Stürmer . Studies . The university offers courses related to film , within Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts programs . The courses of 2015/16 were animation , animation directing , audio-visual application design , cinematography , digital media culture , script/dramaturgy , film and television production , film culture heritage , film music , film and television directing , media science , editing , directing , drama , sound , sound for picture , scenography/production design , and scenography . The Media Studies program is the most research-oriented course at the university and includes basic academic research and application-oriented research that reflects the artistic practice . Every year , students of the program collaborate with Sehsuechte , the largest student film festival in Europe , which takes place in April on the university campus and at Thalia Cinema at the Potsdam-Babelsberg station . Known films . Over the years , many movies have been filmed at the university , including Netto , And Along Come Tourists , Move , Combat Girls , Little Thirteen , and Breaking Horizons . Trivia . In 2011 , the Academy of Film and Television sponsored an award for special artistic and scientific achievements . Jürgen Böttcher was the first graduate of the university to win an award for outstanding international successes in film and painting , for artistic freedom and political responsibility . External links . - Official website |
[
"Belenenses"
] | easy | Which team did the player André Almeida belong to from 2008 to 2010? | /wiki/André_Almeida#P54#0 | André Almeida André Gomes Magalhães de Almeida ( ; born 10 September 1990 ) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Benfica mainly as a full-back but also as a midfielder . He earned 8 caps for the Portugal national team from 2013 to 2015 . Club career . Belenenses . After playing for three other youth clubs in his hometown of Lisbon , Almeida finished his formation with Belenenses . He made his top division debut on 11 January 2009 by playing one minute in a 0–1 loss against Rio Ave , and finished his first full season with 20 games and one goal as the club suffered relegation . Almeida appeared in 18 matches in the 2010–11 campaign and scored twice , but Belenenses could only rank in 13th position in the second level . Benfica . Almeida signed for S.L . Benfica in the 2011 summer , being immediately loaned to fellow top flight side U.D . Leiria . In December , however , he was recalled by the parent club , going on to make four official appearances for the first team until the end of the season , including 90 minutes in a 2–0 home win over C.D . Santa Clara for the domestic league cup , which Benfica won for the fourth time in a row . Almeida started 2012–13 with Benfica B in division two . However , following the sales of Javi García and Axel Witsel in the last minutes of the summer transfer window , he started being called regularly to the main squad , either as a backup to Maxi Pereira at right back or in centre midfield . Almeida made his UEFA Champions League debut on 19 September 2012 in a 0–0 draw at Celtic . He also played the full 90 minutes in the second group stage game between the two teams , a 2–1 home success ; on both occasions , he starred in the right side of defense . On 18 January 2017 , Almeida scored his first goal for Benfica in a 6–2 home win over Leixões in the Taça de Portugal quarter-finals . International career . Almeida gained 30 caps for Portugal all youth categories comprised , including 17 for the under-21 team . He made his debut with the full side on 11 October 2013 , playing the full 90 minutes as a right back in a 1–1 home draw against Israel for the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers . On 19 May 2014 , Almeida was named by manager Paulo Bento in the final 23-man squad for the tournament in Brazil . He made his debut in the competition on 16 June , replacing injured Fábio Coentrão in the second half of an eventual 0–4 group stage loss to Germany . Honours . Benfica - Primeira Liga : 2013–14 , 2014–15 , 2015–16 , 2016–17 , 2018–19 - Taça de Portugal : 2013–14 , 2016–17 - Taça da Liga : 2011–12 , 2013–14 , 2014–15 , 2015–16 - Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira : 2014 , 2016 , 2017 - UEFA Europa League runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 External links . - National team data |
[
"Benfica"
] | easy | Which team did the player André Almeida belong to from 2010 to 2014? | /wiki/André_Almeida#P54#1 | André Almeida André Gomes Magalhães de Almeida ( ; born 10 September 1990 ) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Benfica mainly as a full-back but also as a midfielder . He earned 8 caps for the Portugal national team from 2013 to 2015 . Club career . Belenenses . After playing for three other youth clubs in his hometown of Lisbon , Almeida finished his formation with Belenenses . He made his top division debut on 11 January 2009 by playing one minute in a 0–1 loss against Rio Ave , and finished his first full season with 20 games and one goal as the club suffered relegation . Almeida appeared in 18 matches in the 2010–11 campaign and scored twice , but Belenenses could only rank in 13th position in the second level . Benfica . Almeida signed for S.L . Benfica in the 2011 summer , being immediately loaned to fellow top flight side U.D . Leiria . In December , however , he was recalled by the parent club , going on to make four official appearances for the first team until the end of the season , including 90 minutes in a 2–0 home win over C.D . Santa Clara for the domestic league cup , which Benfica won for the fourth time in a row . Almeida started 2012–13 with Benfica B in division two . However , following the sales of Javi García and Axel Witsel in the last minutes of the summer transfer window , he started being called regularly to the main squad , either as a backup to Maxi Pereira at right back or in centre midfield . Almeida made his UEFA Champions League debut on 19 September 2012 in a 0–0 draw at Celtic . He also played the full 90 minutes in the second group stage game between the two teams , a 2–1 home success ; on both occasions , he starred in the right side of defense . On 18 January 2017 , Almeida scored his first goal for Benfica in a 6–2 home win over Leixões in the Taça de Portugal quarter-finals . International career . Almeida gained 30 caps for Portugal all youth categories comprised , including 17 for the under-21 team . He made his debut with the full side on 11 October 2013 , playing the full 90 minutes as a right back in a 1–1 home draw against Israel for the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers . On 19 May 2014 , Almeida was named by manager Paulo Bento in the final 23-man squad for the tournament in Brazil . He made his debut in the competition on 16 June , replacing injured Fábio Coentrão in the second half of an eventual 0–4 group stage loss to Germany . Honours . Benfica - Primeira Liga : 2013–14 , 2014–15 , 2015–16 , 2016–17 , 2018–19 - Taça de Portugal : 2013–14 , 2016–17 - Taça da Liga : 2011–12 , 2013–14 , 2014–15 , 2015–16 - Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira : 2014 , 2016 , 2017 - UEFA Europa League runner-up : 2012–13 , 2013–14 External links . - National team data |
[
"Mayor of Escaldes-Engordany"
] | easy | Which position did Antoni Martí hold in Apr 2011? | /wiki/Antoni_Martí#P39#0 | Antoni Martí Antoni Martí Petit ( , born 30 July 1963 ) is an Andorran architect and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Andorra from May 2011 to 16 May 2019 , when he was elected on the ticket of the Democrats for Andorra . He was re-elected in the 2015 parliamentary election . Early life and education . Martí was born in Escaldes-Engordany and studied at the ( Toulouse National School of Architecture ) , part of the Université fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées . He is an architect by profession . Political career . Martí was first elected to the General Council in 1993 , the first parliamentary election to involve political parties , as a member of the Liberal Union . In the election , the Liberal Union came a close second . Òscar Ribas Reig , who had been appointed Prime Minister , lost a vote of no confidence in 1994 , leading to Marc Forné Molné , the leader of the Liberal Union , being appointed as Prime Minister . Martí was re-elected in the 1997 election , in which the Liberal Union won and Molné remained as Prime Minister . Shortly before the 2001 election , the Liberal Union was renamed as the Liberal Party of Andorra , and went on to win the election , with Molné retaining his role as Prime Minister . In 2004 , Martí resigned from the General Council and was elected as Mayor of Escaldes-Engordany , the second largest town in Andorra . He served two consecutive terms as Mayor , from 2004 to 2007 , and from 2008 to 2011 . The Liberal Party had contested the 2009 election as part of the Reformist Coalition , losing to the Social Democratic Party led by Jaume Bartumeu . Bartumeu opted to call an early election in 2011 after losing the budget vote two years running to the opposition parties . In February 2011 , the Democrats for Andorra was formed as a direct successor to the Reformist Coalition , with Martí as their candidate for Prime Minister . He campaigned against Bartumeus proposed introduction of an income tax . The Democrats for Andorra won 55.5% of the vote , and Bartumeu resigned as Prime Minister on 28 April 2011 , to be replaced by Pere López Agràs in an interim capacity until 12 May 2011 , when Martí was appointed . In 2011 , Martí opened negotiations with the European Union over various aspects of cooperation . During the negotiations , Andorra changed the foreign investment law , opening the country up to foreign investors , and also signed an agreement with France and Spain to avoid double taxation . Martí has also overseen the introduction of the euro as the official currency of Andorra , following an agreement which was completed in June 2011 . Andorra was permitted to issue their own euros from July 2013 , but due to various delays , Andorran euros did not enter circulation until January 2015 . In late May 2013 , Martí met with François Hollande , the President of France and a Co-Prince of Andorra , to inform him of his intentions to bring in a law to introduce personal income tax in Andorra . Hollande encouraged Martí to continue with economic reforms that may lead to growth . In June 2013 , Martí bowed to pressure from the European Union and did introduce a personal income tax for Andorrans . As Prime Minister , Martí oversaw the response to the 2015 Andorran banking crisis , involving American allegations of money laundering made against the Banca Privada dAndorra ( BPA ) . The government responded to this by the restructuring of the bank , and the creation and sale of Vall Banc in place of BPA . In June 2016 , Martí praised Michel Camdessuss 2005 report about Andorra , that turned out to be prophetic . In turn , Camdessus expressed his respect for the government of Andorra for the fact that the Principality embarked on the path of reforms , turning from protectionism and stagnation in the direction of openness and competitiveness . External links . - govern.ad Andorra Government website |
[
"Prime Minister"
] | easy | What was the position of Antoni Martí from May 2011 to May 2019? | /wiki/Antoni_Martí#P39#1 | Antoni Martí Antoni Martí Petit ( , born 30 July 1963 ) is an Andorran architect and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Andorra from May 2011 to 16 May 2019 , when he was elected on the ticket of the Democrats for Andorra . He was re-elected in the 2015 parliamentary election . Early life and education . Martí was born in Escaldes-Engordany and studied at the ( Toulouse National School of Architecture ) , part of the Université fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées . He is an architect by profession . Political career . Martí was first elected to the General Council in 1993 , the first parliamentary election to involve political parties , as a member of the Liberal Union . In the election , the Liberal Union came a close second . Òscar Ribas Reig , who had been appointed Prime Minister , lost a vote of no confidence in 1994 , leading to Marc Forné Molné , the leader of the Liberal Union , being appointed as Prime Minister . Martí was re-elected in the 1997 election , in which the Liberal Union won and Molné remained as Prime Minister . Shortly before the 2001 election , the Liberal Union was renamed as the Liberal Party of Andorra , and went on to win the election , with Molné retaining his role as Prime Minister . In 2004 , Martí resigned from the General Council and was elected as Mayor of Escaldes-Engordany , the second largest town in Andorra . He served two consecutive terms as Mayor , from 2004 to 2007 , and from 2008 to 2011 . The Liberal Party had contested the 2009 election as part of the Reformist Coalition , losing to the Social Democratic Party led by Jaume Bartumeu . Bartumeu opted to call an early election in 2011 after losing the budget vote two years running to the opposition parties . In February 2011 , the Democrats for Andorra was formed as a direct successor to the Reformist Coalition , with Martí as their candidate for Prime Minister . He campaigned against Bartumeus proposed introduction of an income tax . The Democrats for Andorra won 55.5% of the vote , and Bartumeu resigned as Prime Minister on 28 April 2011 , to be replaced by Pere López Agràs in an interim capacity until 12 May 2011 , when Martí was appointed . In 2011 , Martí opened negotiations with the European Union over various aspects of cooperation . During the negotiations , Andorra changed the foreign investment law , opening the country up to foreign investors , and also signed an agreement with France and Spain to avoid double taxation . Martí has also overseen the introduction of the euro as the official currency of Andorra , following an agreement which was completed in June 2011 . Andorra was permitted to issue their own euros from July 2013 , but due to various delays , Andorran euros did not enter circulation until January 2015 . In late May 2013 , Martí met with François Hollande , the President of France and a Co-Prince of Andorra , to inform him of his intentions to bring in a law to introduce personal income tax in Andorra . Hollande encouraged Martí to continue with economic reforms that may lead to growth . In June 2013 , Martí bowed to pressure from the European Union and did introduce a personal income tax for Andorrans . As Prime Minister , Martí oversaw the response to the 2015 Andorran banking crisis , involving American allegations of money laundering made against the Banca Privada dAndorra ( BPA ) . The government responded to this by the restructuring of the bank , and the creation and sale of Vall Banc in place of BPA . In June 2016 , Martí praised Michel Camdessuss 2005 report about Andorra , that turned out to be prophetic . In turn , Camdessus expressed his respect for the government of Andorra for the fact that the Principality embarked on the path of reforms , turning from protectionism and stagnation in the direction of openness and competitiveness . External links . - govern.ad Andorra Government website |
[
"member of the Victorian Legislative Council"
] | easy | What was the position of Joan Kirner from Apr 1982 to Sep 1988? | /wiki/Joan_Kirner#P39#0 | Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC ( née Hood ; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015 ) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria , serving from 1990 to 1992 . A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994 , she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly . Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr. , and succeeded him as premier following his resignation . She was Australias third female head of government and second female premier , Victorias first , and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election . Early life and career . Born Joan Elizabeth Hood in Essendon , Melbourne , the only child of John Keith and Beryl Edith ( née Cole ) Hood , a fitter and turner and music teacher respectively , Kirner was educated at state and private schools . She graduated in arts from the University of Melbourne , and completed a teaching qualification . She taught in state schools and became active in school and parents organisations . In 1960 she married Ron Kirner , with whom she had three children . She was President of the Victorian Federation of States School Parents Clubs , an influential education lobby from 1971 to 1977 and its executive officer from 1978 to 1982 . She was appointed to several government advisory bodies on education . Entry into state politics . Kirner joined the Labor Party in 1978 and became a member of its Socialist Left faction . In 1982 , she was elected as a Labor member of the Victorian Legislative Council , the upper house of the Victorian Parliament . In 1985 , she was elected to the Cabinet of John Cain Jrs Labor government and became Minister for Conservation , Forests and Lands . She proposed the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 , the first Australian legislation which gave legal protection of rare species . While Minister , and in association with Heather Mitchell from the Victorian Farmers Federation , Kirner was instrumental in the formation of the first Landcare groups . At the 1988 election , Kirner shifted to the Legislative Assembly , becoming MP for Williamstown , and was promoted to the Education portfolio . In this portfolio Kirner carried out a series of controversial reforms aimed at reducing what Kirner saw as the class-based inequity of the education system , culminating in a new system of assessment , the Victorian Certificate of Education . Premiership . Later in 1988 Kirner was elected deputy leader of the party and became Deputy Premier of Victoria . When Cain resigned after a collapse in his political support in August 1990 , Kirner was elected Labor leader and thus became Victorias first female Premier . By this time the Labor government was in deep crisis , with some of the states financial institutions on the brink of insolvency , the budget deficit unsustainably high and growing and the Labor Party deeply divided on how to respond to the situation . The party hoped that the elevation of a popular woman as its new leader would improve its position , but Kirner never succeeded in gaining control of the crisis into which the state had plunged . The conservative-leaning Melbourne newspaper , the Herald Sun , reacted unfavorably to a Premier from the Socialist Left , dubbing her Mother Russia . She was lampooned alternatively as a sinister commissar and as a frumpy housewife in a polka dot dress . She seemed unfazed by the Herald Sun and gradually won some respect , though she was unable to improve the governments standing significantly . During 1991 and 1992 Kirner took several decisions to cut government spending and raise revenue to some extent , however her government failed to cut spending in many areas including education . Most of the Kirner Government attempts to cut spending were actively opposed by trade unions and some members of the government . The interest bill alone was $3.5 billion per year , the government sold off trains and trams and leased them back . Another decision was the sale of the state-owned State Bank of Victoria to the Commonwealth Bank in 1991 . Kirner went into 1992 knowing she faced a statutory general election , one which opinion polls gave her virtually no chance of winning . She waited as long as she could , finally calling an election for October . It was obvious as soon as the writs were dropped that Labor would not win a fourth term . Although she remained personally more popular than the Liberal Opposition Leader , Jeff Kennett , it was not nearly enough to overcome Victorians growing anger at Labor . The Coalitions Guilty Party campaign did much to stoke this anger , targeting many Ministers in the Kirner Government and providing examples of concerns in their portfolios . The campaign attracted controversy with ALP ads stating that if the Liberals won the election it would institute the same policies that were implemented in New Zealand by the then Fourth National Government . New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger responded in reference to the campaign , You know , they say that the show’s never over until the fat lady sings . Well , I think it was her we heard warming up in the wings this week . The fat lady was in reference to Kirner being overweight . Bolger refused to apologize for this remark citing that he himself was overweight and did not want to make an international incident out of it . It did , however , anger women from Bolgers own National Party . The Coalition won the election in a landslide , scoring a 19-seat swing—the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Victoria . The Liberals actually won enough seats that they could have governed in their own right . Kirner remained Opposition Leader for a short period before resigning . She retired from Parliament in 1994 and was succeeded by one of her former aides for the electorate of Williamstown , future premier Steve Bracks . A portrait of Kirner painted by Adelaide artist Annette Bezor in 1994 hangs in Queens Hall at Parliament House Victoria . Life after Parliament . After leaving Parliament , Kirner remained active in community affairs and politics . Initially this led her to a leading role in the Landcare movement . Subsequently , she devoted her energies to the Australian affiliate of EMILYs List Australia , an organisation which promotes pro-choice womens careers in politics . Kirner was one of the leaders of the movement in the Labor Party to adopt a policy of setting targets for the number of women candidates in winnable electorates . She repeatedly publicly supported candidates identified with her Socialist Left faction . From January 2006 , Kirner was the Chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee for Victorian Communities . Kirner was also a board member of Museum Victoria , operators of Melbourne Museum , Royal Exhibition Building , Scienceworks Museum and Immigration Museum , Melbourne . Kirner was a long-time advocate of abortion law reform to legalise abortion . She was an avid supporter of the Essendon Football Club . In 1993 , she famously appeared on The Late Show with colleague David White , MLC for Doutta Galla , in a musical skit performing Joan Jetts I Love Rock n Roll . This brief performance was covered nationally by the media . In an August 2009 interview with GTV-9 , Kirner revealed that she had suffered a heavy near-fatal fall at a meeting 18 months earlier . She also revealed that she had osteoporosis and was blind in one eye . Death . In August 2013 it was announced that Kirner had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment . Kirner died on 1 June 2015 , 19 days short of her 77th birthday . Honours . On 26 January 1980 , she was named a Member of the Order of Australia for her community service . On 1 January 2001 , Kirner was awarded the Centenary Medal . On 11 June 2012 , she was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for eminent service to the Parliament of Victoria and to the community through conservation initiatives , contributions to gender equality , the development of education and training programs and the pursuit of civil rights and social inclusion . In May 2017 the Victorian Government recognised her legacy by offering 25 scholarships to young women , who will participate in the Joan Kirner Young and Emerging Women Leaders program . In May 2019 , the new specialist maternity and paediatric centre at Sunshine Hospital was named the Joan Kirner Womens and Childrens Hospital . One of two tunnel boring machines ( TBM ) to be utilised on the Metro Tunnel project is named Joan , in honour of Kirner . This TBM was officially launched on 15 August 2019 . |
[
""
] | easy | What was the position of Joan Kirner from Oct 1988 to Feb 1989? | /wiki/Joan_Kirner#P39#1 | Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC ( née Hood ; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015 ) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria , serving from 1990 to 1992 . A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994 , she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly . Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr. , and succeeded him as premier following his resignation . She was Australias third female head of government and second female premier , Victorias first , and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election . Early life and career . Born Joan Elizabeth Hood in Essendon , Melbourne , the only child of John Keith and Beryl Edith ( née Cole ) Hood , a fitter and turner and music teacher respectively , Kirner was educated at state and private schools . She graduated in arts from the University of Melbourne , and completed a teaching qualification . She taught in state schools and became active in school and parents organisations . In 1960 she married Ron Kirner , with whom she had three children . She was President of the Victorian Federation of States School Parents Clubs , an influential education lobby from 1971 to 1977 and its executive officer from 1978 to 1982 . She was appointed to several government advisory bodies on education . Entry into state politics . Kirner joined the Labor Party in 1978 and became a member of its Socialist Left faction . In 1982 , she was elected as a Labor member of the Victorian Legislative Council , the upper house of the Victorian Parliament . In 1985 , she was elected to the Cabinet of John Cain Jrs Labor government and became Minister for Conservation , Forests and Lands . She proposed the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 , the first Australian legislation which gave legal protection of rare species . While Minister , and in association with Heather Mitchell from the Victorian Farmers Federation , Kirner was instrumental in the formation of the first Landcare groups . At the 1988 election , Kirner shifted to the Legislative Assembly , becoming MP for Williamstown , and was promoted to the Education portfolio . In this portfolio Kirner carried out a series of controversial reforms aimed at reducing what Kirner saw as the class-based inequity of the education system , culminating in a new system of assessment , the Victorian Certificate of Education . Premiership . Later in 1988 Kirner was elected deputy leader of the party and became Deputy Premier of Victoria . When Cain resigned after a collapse in his political support in August 1990 , Kirner was elected Labor leader and thus became Victorias first female Premier . By this time the Labor government was in deep crisis , with some of the states financial institutions on the brink of insolvency , the budget deficit unsustainably high and growing and the Labor Party deeply divided on how to respond to the situation . The party hoped that the elevation of a popular woman as its new leader would improve its position , but Kirner never succeeded in gaining control of the crisis into which the state had plunged . The conservative-leaning Melbourne newspaper , the Herald Sun , reacted unfavorably to a Premier from the Socialist Left , dubbing her Mother Russia . She was lampooned alternatively as a sinister commissar and as a frumpy housewife in a polka dot dress . She seemed unfazed by the Herald Sun and gradually won some respect , though she was unable to improve the governments standing significantly . During 1991 and 1992 Kirner took several decisions to cut government spending and raise revenue to some extent , however her government failed to cut spending in many areas including education . Most of the Kirner Government attempts to cut spending were actively opposed by trade unions and some members of the government . The interest bill alone was $3.5 billion per year , the government sold off trains and trams and leased them back . Another decision was the sale of the state-owned State Bank of Victoria to the Commonwealth Bank in 1991 . Kirner went into 1992 knowing she faced a statutory general election , one which opinion polls gave her virtually no chance of winning . She waited as long as she could , finally calling an election for October . It was obvious as soon as the writs were dropped that Labor would not win a fourth term . Although she remained personally more popular than the Liberal Opposition Leader , Jeff Kennett , it was not nearly enough to overcome Victorians growing anger at Labor . The Coalitions Guilty Party campaign did much to stoke this anger , targeting many Ministers in the Kirner Government and providing examples of concerns in their portfolios . The campaign attracted controversy with ALP ads stating that if the Liberals won the election it would institute the same policies that were implemented in New Zealand by the then Fourth National Government . New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger responded in reference to the campaign , You know , they say that the show’s never over until the fat lady sings . Well , I think it was her we heard warming up in the wings this week . The fat lady was in reference to Kirner being overweight . Bolger refused to apologize for this remark citing that he himself was overweight and did not want to make an international incident out of it . It did , however , anger women from Bolgers own National Party . The Coalition won the election in a landslide , scoring a 19-seat swing—the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Victoria . The Liberals actually won enough seats that they could have governed in their own right . Kirner remained Opposition Leader for a short period before resigning . She retired from Parliament in 1994 and was succeeded by one of her former aides for the electorate of Williamstown , future premier Steve Bracks . A portrait of Kirner painted by Adelaide artist Annette Bezor in 1994 hangs in Queens Hall at Parliament House Victoria . Life after Parliament . After leaving Parliament , Kirner remained active in community affairs and politics . Initially this led her to a leading role in the Landcare movement . Subsequently , she devoted her energies to the Australian affiliate of EMILYs List Australia , an organisation which promotes pro-choice womens careers in politics . Kirner was one of the leaders of the movement in the Labor Party to adopt a policy of setting targets for the number of women candidates in winnable electorates . She repeatedly publicly supported candidates identified with her Socialist Left faction . From January 2006 , Kirner was the Chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee for Victorian Communities . Kirner was also a board member of Museum Victoria , operators of Melbourne Museum , Royal Exhibition Building , Scienceworks Museum and Immigration Museum , Melbourne . Kirner was a long-time advocate of abortion law reform to legalise abortion . She was an avid supporter of the Essendon Football Club . In 1993 , she famously appeared on The Late Show with colleague David White , MLC for Doutta Galla , in a musical skit performing Joan Jetts I Love Rock n Roll . This brief performance was covered nationally by the media . In an August 2009 interview with GTV-9 , Kirner revealed that she had suffered a heavy near-fatal fall at a meeting 18 months earlier . She also revealed that she had osteoporosis and was blind in one eye . Death . In August 2013 it was announced that Kirner had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment . Kirner died on 1 June 2015 , 19 days short of her 77th birthday . Honours . On 26 January 1980 , she was named a Member of the Order of Australia for her community service . On 1 January 2001 , Kirner was awarded the Centenary Medal . On 11 June 2012 , she was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for eminent service to the Parliament of Victoria and to the community through conservation initiatives , contributions to gender equality , the development of education and training programs and the pursuit of civil rights and social inclusion . In May 2017 the Victorian Government recognised her legacy by offering 25 scholarships to young women , who will participate in the Joan Kirner Young and Emerging Women Leaders program . In May 2019 , the new specialist maternity and paediatric centre at Sunshine Hospital was named the Joan Kirner Womens and Childrens Hospital . One of two tunnel boring machines ( TBM ) to be utilised on the Metro Tunnel project is named Joan , in honour of Kirner . This TBM was officially launched on 15 August 2019 . |
[
"Deputy Premier of Victoria"
] | easy | What was the position of Joan Kirner from Feb 1989 to Aug 1990? | /wiki/Joan_Kirner#P39#2 | Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC ( née Hood ; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015 ) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria , serving from 1990 to 1992 . A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994 , she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly . Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr. , and succeeded him as premier following his resignation . She was Australias third female head of government and second female premier , Victorias first , and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election . Early life and career . Born Joan Elizabeth Hood in Essendon , Melbourne , the only child of John Keith and Beryl Edith ( née Cole ) Hood , a fitter and turner and music teacher respectively , Kirner was educated at state and private schools . She graduated in arts from the University of Melbourne , and completed a teaching qualification . She taught in state schools and became active in school and parents organisations . In 1960 she married Ron Kirner , with whom she had three children . She was President of the Victorian Federation of States School Parents Clubs , an influential education lobby from 1971 to 1977 and its executive officer from 1978 to 1982 . She was appointed to several government advisory bodies on education . Entry into state politics . Kirner joined the Labor Party in 1978 and became a member of its Socialist Left faction . In 1982 , she was elected as a Labor member of the Victorian Legislative Council , the upper house of the Victorian Parliament . In 1985 , she was elected to the Cabinet of John Cain Jrs Labor government and became Minister for Conservation , Forests and Lands . She proposed the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 , the first Australian legislation which gave legal protection of rare species . While Minister , and in association with Heather Mitchell from the Victorian Farmers Federation , Kirner was instrumental in the formation of the first Landcare groups . At the 1988 election , Kirner shifted to the Legislative Assembly , becoming MP for Williamstown , and was promoted to the Education portfolio . In this portfolio Kirner carried out a series of controversial reforms aimed at reducing what Kirner saw as the class-based inequity of the education system , culminating in a new system of assessment , the Victorian Certificate of Education . Premiership . Later in 1988 Kirner was elected deputy leader of the party and became Deputy Premier of Victoria . When Cain resigned after a collapse in his political support in August 1990 , Kirner was elected Labor leader and thus became Victorias first female Premier . By this time the Labor government was in deep crisis , with some of the states financial institutions on the brink of insolvency , the budget deficit unsustainably high and growing and the Labor Party deeply divided on how to respond to the situation . The party hoped that the elevation of a popular woman as its new leader would improve its position , but Kirner never succeeded in gaining control of the crisis into which the state had plunged . The conservative-leaning Melbourne newspaper , the Herald Sun , reacted unfavorably to a Premier from the Socialist Left , dubbing her Mother Russia . She was lampooned alternatively as a sinister commissar and as a frumpy housewife in a polka dot dress . She seemed unfazed by the Herald Sun and gradually won some respect , though she was unable to improve the governments standing significantly . During 1991 and 1992 Kirner took several decisions to cut government spending and raise revenue to some extent , however her government failed to cut spending in many areas including education . Most of the Kirner Government attempts to cut spending were actively opposed by trade unions and some members of the government . The interest bill alone was $3.5 billion per year , the government sold off trains and trams and leased them back . Another decision was the sale of the state-owned State Bank of Victoria to the Commonwealth Bank in 1991 . Kirner went into 1992 knowing she faced a statutory general election , one which opinion polls gave her virtually no chance of winning . She waited as long as she could , finally calling an election for October . It was obvious as soon as the writs were dropped that Labor would not win a fourth term . Although she remained personally more popular than the Liberal Opposition Leader , Jeff Kennett , it was not nearly enough to overcome Victorians growing anger at Labor . The Coalitions Guilty Party campaign did much to stoke this anger , targeting many Ministers in the Kirner Government and providing examples of concerns in their portfolios . The campaign attracted controversy with ALP ads stating that if the Liberals won the election it would institute the same policies that were implemented in New Zealand by the then Fourth National Government . New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger responded in reference to the campaign , You know , they say that the show’s never over until the fat lady sings . Well , I think it was her we heard warming up in the wings this week . The fat lady was in reference to Kirner being overweight . Bolger refused to apologize for this remark citing that he himself was overweight and did not want to make an international incident out of it . It did , however , anger women from Bolgers own National Party . The Coalition won the election in a landslide , scoring a 19-seat swing—the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Victoria . The Liberals actually won enough seats that they could have governed in their own right . Kirner remained Opposition Leader for a short period before resigning . She retired from Parliament in 1994 and was succeeded by one of her former aides for the electorate of Williamstown , future premier Steve Bracks . A portrait of Kirner painted by Adelaide artist Annette Bezor in 1994 hangs in Queens Hall at Parliament House Victoria . Life after Parliament . After leaving Parliament , Kirner remained active in community affairs and politics . Initially this led her to a leading role in the Landcare movement . Subsequently , she devoted her energies to the Australian affiliate of EMILYs List Australia , an organisation which promotes pro-choice womens careers in politics . Kirner was one of the leaders of the movement in the Labor Party to adopt a policy of setting targets for the number of women candidates in winnable electorates . She repeatedly publicly supported candidates identified with her Socialist Left faction . From January 2006 , Kirner was the Chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee for Victorian Communities . Kirner was also a board member of Museum Victoria , operators of Melbourne Museum , Royal Exhibition Building , Scienceworks Museum and Immigration Museum , Melbourne . Kirner was a long-time advocate of abortion law reform to legalise abortion . She was an avid supporter of the Essendon Football Club . In 1993 , she famously appeared on The Late Show with colleague David White , MLC for Doutta Galla , in a musical skit performing Joan Jetts I Love Rock n Roll . This brief performance was covered nationally by the media . In an August 2009 interview with GTV-9 , Kirner revealed that she had suffered a heavy near-fatal fall at a meeting 18 months earlier . She also revealed that she had osteoporosis and was blind in one eye . Death . In August 2013 it was announced that Kirner had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment . Kirner died on 1 June 2015 , 19 days short of her 77th birthday . Honours . On 26 January 1980 , she was named a Member of the Order of Australia for her community service . On 1 January 2001 , Kirner was awarded the Centenary Medal . On 11 June 2012 , she was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for eminent service to the Parliament of Victoria and to the community through conservation initiatives , contributions to gender equality , the development of education and training programs and the pursuit of civil rights and social inclusion . In May 2017 the Victorian Government recognised her legacy by offering 25 scholarships to young women , who will participate in the Joan Kirner Young and Emerging Women Leaders program . In May 2019 , the new specialist maternity and paediatric centre at Sunshine Hospital was named the Joan Kirner Womens and Childrens Hospital . One of two tunnel boring machines ( TBM ) to be utilised on the Metro Tunnel project is named Joan , in honour of Kirner . This TBM was officially launched on 15 August 2019 . |
[
"Premier of Victoria"
] | easy | Which position did Joan Kirner hold from Aug 1990 to Oct 1992? | /wiki/Joan_Kirner#P39#3 | Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC ( née Hood ; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015 ) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria , serving from 1990 to 1992 . A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994 , she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly . Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr. , and succeeded him as premier following his resignation . She was Australias third female head of government and second female premier , Victorias first , and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election . Early life and career . Born Joan Elizabeth Hood in Essendon , Melbourne , the only child of John Keith and Beryl Edith ( née Cole ) Hood , a fitter and turner and music teacher respectively , Kirner was educated at state and private schools . She graduated in arts from the University of Melbourne , and completed a teaching qualification . She taught in state schools and became active in school and parents organisations . In 1960 she married Ron Kirner , with whom she had three children . She was President of the Victorian Federation of States School Parents Clubs , an influential education lobby from 1971 to 1977 and its executive officer from 1978 to 1982 . She was appointed to several government advisory bodies on education . Entry into state politics . Kirner joined the Labor Party in 1978 and became a member of its Socialist Left faction . In 1982 , she was elected as a Labor member of the Victorian Legislative Council , the upper house of the Victorian Parliament . In 1985 , she was elected to the Cabinet of John Cain Jrs Labor government and became Minister for Conservation , Forests and Lands . She proposed the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 , the first Australian legislation which gave legal protection of rare species . While Minister , and in association with Heather Mitchell from the Victorian Farmers Federation , Kirner was instrumental in the formation of the first Landcare groups . At the 1988 election , Kirner shifted to the Legislative Assembly , becoming MP for Williamstown , and was promoted to the Education portfolio . In this portfolio Kirner carried out a series of controversial reforms aimed at reducing what Kirner saw as the class-based inequity of the education system , culminating in a new system of assessment , the Victorian Certificate of Education . Premiership . Later in 1988 Kirner was elected deputy leader of the party and became Deputy Premier of Victoria . When Cain resigned after a collapse in his political support in August 1990 , Kirner was elected Labor leader and thus became Victorias first female Premier . By this time the Labor government was in deep crisis , with some of the states financial institutions on the brink of insolvency , the budget deficit unsustainably high and growing and the Labor Party deeply divided on how to respond to the situation . The party hoped that the elevation of a popular woman as its new leader would improve its position , but Kirner never succeeded in gaining control of the crisis into which the state had plunged . The conservative-leaning Melbourne newspaper , the Herald Sun , reacted unfavorably to a Premier from the Socialist Left , dubbing her Mother Russia . She was lampooned alternatively as a sinister commissar and as a frumpy housewife in a polka dot dress . She seemed unfazed by the Herald Sun and gradually won some respect , though she was unable to improve the governments standing significantly . During 1991 and 1992 Kirner took several decisions to cut government spending and raise revenue to some extent , however her government failed to cut spending in many areas including education . Most of the Kirner Government attempts to cut spending were actively opposed by trade unions and some members of the government . The interest bill alone was $3.5 billion per year , the government sold off trains and trams and leased them back . Another decision was the sale of the state-owned State Bank of Victoria to the Commonwealth Bank in 1991 . Kirner went into 1992 knowing she faced a statutory general election , one which opinion polls gave her virtually no chance of winning . She waited as long as she could , finally calling an election for October . It was obvious as soon as the writs were dropped that Labor would not win a fourth term . Although she remained personally more popular than the Liberal Opposition Leader , Jeff Kennett , it was not nearly enough to overcome Victorians growing anger at Labor . The Coalitions Guilty Party campaign did much to stoke this anger , targeting many Ministers in the Kirner Government and providing examples of concerns in their portfolios . The campaign attracted controversy with ALP ads stating that if the Liberals won the election it would institute the same policies that were implemented in New Zealand by the then Fourth National Government . New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger responded in reference to the campaign , You know , they say that the show’s never over until the fat lady sings . Well , I think it was her we heard warming up in the wings this week . The fat lady was in reference to Kirner being overweight . Bolger refused to apologize for this remark citing that he himself was overweight and did not want to make an international incident out of it . It did , however , anger women from Bolgers own National Party . The Coalition won the election in a landslide , scoring a 19-seat swing—the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Victoria . The Liberals actually won enough seats that they could have governed in their own right . Kirner remained Opposition Leader for a short period before resigning . She retired from Parliament in 1994 and was succeeded by one of her former aides for the electorate of Williamstown , future premier Steve Bracks . A portrait of Kirner painted by Adelaide artist Annette Bezor in 1994 hangs in Queens Hall at Parliament House Victoria . Life after Parliament . After leaving Parliament , Kirner remained active in community affairs and politics . Initially this led her to a leading role in the Landcare movement . Subsequently , she devoted her energies to the Australian affiliate of EMILYs List Australia , an organisation which promotes pro-choice womens careers in politics . Kirner was one of the leaders of the movement in the Labor Party to adopt a policy of setting targets for the number of women candidates in winnable electorates . She repeatedly publicly supported candidates identified with her Socialist Left faction . From January 2006 , Kirner was the Chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee for Victorian Communities . Kirner was also a board member of Museum Victoria , operators of Melbourne Museum , Royal Exhibition Building , Scienceworks Museum and Immigration Museum , Melbourne . Kirner was a long-time advocate of abortion law reform to legalise abortion . She was an avid supporter of the Essendon Football Club . In 1993 , she famously appeared on The Late Show with colleague David White , MLC for Doutta Galla , in a musical skit performing Joan Jetts I Love Rock n Roll . This brief performance was covered nationally by the media . In an August 2009 interview with GTV-9 , Kirner revealed that she had suffered a heavy near-fatal fall at a meeting 18 months earlier . She also revealed that she had osteoporosis and was blind in one eye . Death . In August 2013 it was announced that Kirner had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment . Kirner died on 1 June 2015 , 19 days short of her 77th birthday . Honours . On 26 January 1980 , she was named a Member of the Order of Australia for her community service . On 1 January 2001 , Kirner was awarded the Centenary Medal . On 11 June 2012 , she was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for eminent service to the Parliament of Victoria and to the community through conservation initiatives , contributions to gender equality , the development of education and training programs and the pursuit of civil rights and social inclusion . In May 2017 the Victorian Government recognised her legacy by offering 25 scholarships to young women , who will participate in the Joan Kirner Young and Emerging Women Leaders program . In May 2019 , the new specialist maternity and paediatric centre at Sunshine Hospital was named the Joan Kirner Womens and Childrens Hospital . One of two tunnel boring machines ( TBM ) to be utilised on the Metro Tunnel project is named Joan , in honour of Kirner . This TBM was officially launched on 15 August 2019 . |
[
"Opposition Leader"
] | easy | What was the position of Joan Kirner from Oct 1992 to Mar 1993? | /wiki/Joan_Kirner#P39#4 | Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC ( née Hood ; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015 ) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria , serving from 1990 to 1992 . A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994 , she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly . Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr. , and succeeded him as premier following his resignation . She was Australias third female head of government and second female premier , Victorias first , and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election . Early life and career . Born Joan Elizabeth Hood in Essendon , Melbourne , the only child of John Keith and Beryl Edith ( née Cole ) Hood , a fitter and turner and music teacher respectively , Kirner was educated at state and private schools . She graduated in arts from the University of Melbourne , and completed a teaching qualification . She taught in state schools and became active in school and parents organisations . In 1960 she married Ron Kirner , with whom she had three children . She was President of the Victorian Federation of States School Parents Clubs , an influential education lobby from 1971 to 1977 and its executive officer from 1978 to 1982 . She was appointed to several government advisory bodies on education . Entry into state politics . Kirner joined the Labor Party in 1978 and became a member of its Socialist Left faction . In 1982 , she was elected as a Labor member of the Victorian Legislative Council , the upper house of the Victorian Parliament . In 1985 , she was elected to the Cabinet of John Cain Jrs Labor government and became Minister for Conservation , Forests and Lands . She proposed the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 , the first Australian legislation which gave legal protection of rare species . While Minister , and in association with Heather Mitchell from the Victorian Farmers Federation , Kirner was instrumental in the formation of the first Landcare groups . At the 1988 election , Kirner shifted to the Legislative Assembly , becoming MP for Williamstown , and was promoted to the Education portfolio . In this portfolio Kirner carried out a series of controversial reforms aimed at reducing what Kirner saw as the class-based inequity of the education system , culminating in a new system of assessment , the Victorian Certificate of Education . Premiership . Later in 1988 Kirner was elected deputy leader of the party and became Deputy Premier of Victoria . When Cain resigned after a collapse in his political support in August 1990 , Kirner was elected Labor leader and thus became Victorias first female Premier . By this time the Labor government was in deep crisis , with some of the states financial institutions on the brink of insolvency , the budget deficit unsustainably high and growing and the Labor Party deeply divided on how to respond to the situation . The party hoped that the elevation of a popular woman as its new leader would improve its position , but Kirner never succeeded in gaining control of the crisis into which the state had plunged . The conservative-leaning Melbourne newspaper , the Herald Sun , reacted unfavorably to a Premier from the Socialist Left , dubbing her Mother Russia . She was lampooned alternatively as a sinister commissar and as a frumpy housewife in a polka dot dress . She seemed unfazed by the Herald Sun and gradually won some respect , though she was unable to improve the governments standing significantly . During 1991 and 1992 Kirner took several decisions to cut government spending and raise revenue to some extent , however her government failed to cut spending in many areas including education . Most of the Kirner Government attempts to cut spending were actively opposed by trade unions and some members of the government . The interest bill alone was $3.5 billion per year , the government sold off trains and trams and leased them back . Another decision was the sale of the state-owned State Bank of Victoria to the Commonwealth Bank in 1991 . Kirner went into 1992 knowing she faced a statutory general election , one which opinion polls gave her virtually no chance of winning . She waited as long as she could , finally calling an election for October . It was obvious as soon as the writs were dropped that Labor would not win a fourth term . Although she remained personally more popular than the Liberal Opposition Leader , Jeff Kennett , it was not nearly enough to overcome Victorians growing anger at Labor . The Coalitions Guilty Party campaign did much to stoke this anger , targeting many Ministers in the Kirner Government and providing examples of concerns in their portfolios . The campaign attracted controversy with ALP ads stating that if the Liberals won the election it would institute the same policies that were implemented in New Zealand by the then Fourth National Government . New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger responded in reference to the campaign , You know , they say that the show’s never over until the fat lady sings . Well , I think it was her we heard warming up in the wings this week . The fat lady was in reference to Kirner being overweight . Bolger refused to apologize for this remark citing that he himself was overweight and did not want to make an international incident out of it . It did , however , anger women from Bolgers own National Party . The Coalition won the election in a landslide , scoring a 19-seat swing—the second-worst defeat that a sitting government has ever suffered in Victoria . The Liberals actually won enough seats that they could have governed in their own right . Kirner remained Opposition Leader for a short period before resigning . She retired from Parliament in 1994 and was succeeded by one of her former aides for the electorate of Williamstown , future premier Steve Bracks . A portrait of Kirner painted by Adelaide artist Annette Bezor in 1994 hangs in Queens Hall at Parliament House Victoria . Life after Parliament . After leaving Parliament , Kirner remained active in community affairs and politics . Initially this led her to a leading role in the Landcare movement . Subsequently , she devoted her energies to the Australian affiliate of EMILYs List Australia , an organisation which promotes pro-choice womens careers in politics . Kirner was one of the leaders of the movement in the Labor Party to adopt a policy of setting targets for the number of women candidates in winnable electorates . She repeatedly publicly supported candidates identified with her Socialist Left faction . From January 2006 , Kirner was the Chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee for Victorian Communities . Kirner was also a board member of Museum Victoria , operators of Melbourne Museum , Royal Exhibition Building , Scienceworks Museum and Immigration Museum , Melbourne . Kirner was a long-time advocate of abortion law reform to legalise abortion . She was an avid supporter of the Essendon Football Club . In 1993 , she famously appeared on The Late Show with colleague David White , MLC for Doutta Galla , in a musical skit performing Joan Jetts I Love Rock n Roll . This brief performance was covered nationally by the media . In an August 2009 interview with GTV-9 , Kirner revealed that she had suffered a heavy near-fatal fall at a meeting 18 months earlier . She also revealed that she had osteoporosis and was blind in one eye . Death . In August 2013 it was announced that Kirner had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment . Kirner died on 1 June 2015 , 19 days short of her 77th birthday . Honours . On 26 January 1980 , she was named a Member of the Order of Australia for her community service . On 1 January 2001 , Kirner was awarded the Centenary Medal . On 11 June 2012 , she was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for eminent service to the Parliament of Victoria and to the community through conservation initiatives , contributions to gender equality , the development of education and training programs and the pursuit of civil rights and social inclusion . In May 2017 the Victorian Government recognised her legacy by offering 25 scholarships to young women , who will participate in the Joan Kirner Young and Emerging Women Leaders program . In May 2019 , the new specialist maternity and paediatric centre at Sunshine Hospital was named the Joan Kirner Womens and Childrens Hospital . One of two tunnel boring machines ( TBM ) to be utilised on the Metro Tunnel project is named Joan , in honour of Kirner . This TBM was officially launched on 15 August 2019 . |
[
"Queens Park Rangers"
] | easy | Which team did Nigel Quashie play for from 1995 to 1998? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#0 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"Nottingham Forest"
] | easy | Which team did the player Nigel Quashie belong to from 1998 to 2000? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#1 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"Portsmouth"
] | easy | Nigel Quashie played for which team from 2000 to 2005? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#2 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"Southampton"
] | easy | Nigel Quashie played for which team from 2005 to 2006? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#3 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"West Ham United"
] | easy | Which team did Nigel Quashie play for from 2007 to 2009? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#4 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"Wolverhampton Wanderers",
"Milton Keynes Dons"
] | easy | Nigel Quashie played for which team from 2009 to 2010? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#5 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
[
"BÍ/Bolungarvík"
] | easy | Which team did the player Nigel Quashie belong to from 2013 to 2015? | /wiki/Nigel_Quashie#P54#6 | Nigel Quashie Nigel Francis Quashie ( ; born 20 July 1978 ) is an English-born Scottish former footballer who played more than 300 games as a midfielder in the Football League . Between 2004 and 2006 , he represented Scotland , the country of his grandfather , at full international level on 14 occasions . Personal life . Quashie was born in the London Borough of Southwark to a Ghanaian father and an English mother . He and former wife Joanna had a son , who died shortly after birth , and a daughter . He has a son with partner Kerry Clarke . Club career . Queens Park Rangers . He began his career in London as a trainee with Queens Park Rangers in August 1995 , making his League debut in a 2–1 defeat against Manchester United at Old Trafford a few months later in December 1995 . He was used sparingly for the remainder of that campaign , making eleven appearances as QPR were relegated from the Premier League at the end of the 1995–96 season . He made a further 13 appearances in the 1996–97 season before breaking into the first eleven on a regular basis in the 1997–98 season when he made 34 league and cup appearances . Nottingham Forest . Quashie joined Premier League side Nottingham Forest for £2.5 million at the start of the 1998–99 season but made only 18 appearances as Forest were comfortably relegated . He settled into the team in the 1999–2000 season , making 34 appearances , but was transfer listed by manager , David Platt , at the end of a disappointing season as Forest finished well short of the promotion places . By July , he reportedly had attracted interest from several clubs , including West Bromwich Albion and Birmingham City with Portsmouth understood to have made an offer . Portsmouth . Quashie joined Portsmouth in August 2000 for a fee worth up to £600,000 , signing a three-year contract . He quickly established himself in the first-team , making 37 league and cup appearances in the 2001–02 season as Portsmouth finished in the lower half of the First Division . He made a further 44 appearances in the 2002–03 season and was club vice-captain when Portsmouth won the First Division championship and were promoted to the Premier League . No sooner had he returned from a six-week layoff with a knee injury in December 2003 than he suffered an injury to his opposite knee leading him to miss a further six weeks of the 2003–04 season . However , Quashie remained a first choice player , making 25 appearances as Portsmouth claimed 13th place in the Premier League . Although Quashie was a regular starter in the 2004–05 season and club captain , he had not been offered a new contract despite being out of contract at the end of the season and joined former Portsmouth manager , Harry Redknapp , at Southampton during the January 2005 transfer window . Southampton . Quashie joined Southampton for a fee of £2.1 million in January 2005 , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . He said , Its a big move for me and I am happy to be linking up with Harry Redknapp again . I am certain we will stay up – I would not have come here if I had any doubts about that , but we need to get a few results quickly . The chairman of Southampton , Rupert Lowe , said , Harry really wanted Nigel – he thinks he is a strong character who will add to the dressing room . We are delighted to make him our third signing since Harry arrived . A training ground injury prevented Quashie from making his debut against Liverpool on 22 January 2005 and he did not make his debut until the match against Everton on 6 February . After the transfer of Jason Dodd , he became the clubs captain but he was unable to prevent the Saints being relegated at the end of the 2004–05 season . Despite relegation , Quashie said that he had no regrets over the move to Southampton as he had been unhappy with the way he had been treated at Portsmouth . However , following Redknapps departure and his replacement with George Burley , Quashie was allowed to leave Southampton in the January 2006 transfer window . West Bromwich Albion . Quashie joined West Bromwich Albion in January 2006 for £1.2 million , signing a three-and-a-half-year contract . Manager Bryan Robson , I always liked Nigel when he played for QPR , Portsmouth and Southampton . He is intelligent , has good stamina and is a very good passer of the ball . He has got the experience now of relegation fights and playing in the Premiership . I just feel he will improve our squad . He made his debut for Albion in a 2–0 Premier League win over Blackburn Rovers on 4 February 2006 . He was charged with misconduct by the Football Association after being sent off against Middlesbrough three weeks later for alleged use of foul and abusive language towards the referees assistants as he left the pitch and was given a one-game ban in addition to a four-game ban for the sending off , his second of the season , and a £5,000 fine after admitting misconduct . His only goal for the club came in a 3–1 defeat against Arsenal in April 2006 . Albion were relegated at the end of the season . Quashie achieved the rare distinction of being relegated from the Premiership in two successive seasons . Following relegation , Quashie was allowed to leave in the January 2007 transfer window as he expressed a wish to return to the Premier League and manager , Tony Mowbray , wanted to raise some revenue to bring in new players . West Ham United . Quashie became Alan Curbishleys second signing of the transfer window when he joined West Ham United on a three-and-a-half-year contract for an initial fee of £1.5 million , rising to £1.75 million after West Ham successfully avoided relegation in the 2006–07 season . Curbishley explained that he had signed Quashie ...because he is an experienced player who will add competition to our central midfield positions [ ... ] The competition for places is a factor that will be important to us as we fight to move up the table.. . Quashie made his debut against Fulham a few days later and went on to make eight appearances , none of them on the winning side , as West Ham battled against relegation . A persistent foot injury meant that Quashie did not play a single competitive match during 2007–08 . He made his comeback in a friendly match against Queens Park Rangers in August 2008 . The signing of Swiss international Valon Behrami in the summer of 2008 and the emergence of academy graduates Jack Collison and Junior Stanislas meant that competition for midfield places was much stiffer . In January 2010 he was released by West Ham and rejoined QPR . Birmingham City . Quashie trained with Birmingham City of the Championship for several weeks to regain fitness before signing on loan , initially for a month , on 22 October 2008 . He went straight into the squad for that days match against Crystal Palace , and made his debut as a second-half substitute . Despite missing the last game of his initial loan spell through suspension , having been sent off in the match against Charlton Athletic , the loan was extended for a further month , and again for a third and final month , until 17 January 2009 . Quashie returned to West Ham on 19 January , having played 11 times for Birmingham . Wolverhampton Wanderers . Quashie joined Championship side Wolverhampton Wanderers on 22 January 2009 on loan until the end of the season . He made three consecutive appearances for the team before quickly dropping out of contention as the club won promotion to the Premier League as champions . Milton Keynes Dons . In November 2009 Quashie joined League One side Milton Keynes Dons on loan until 3 January 2010 . He made a losing start to his MK Dons career coming on in the first half for Luke Howell in the 4–3 home defeat to Carlisle United on 24 November . Quashie scored his first goal for MK Dons on 12 December in a 2–1 away win against Leyton Orient . In total in seven League games he scored two goals . Return to Queens Park Rangers . Quashie returned to his first professional club , Queens Park Rangers on 22 January 2010 , stating ; Its great to be back home , and I am delighted to be at a club that I love to pieces . He made his second QPR debut in the 5–0 defeat at one of his former clubs , Nottingham Forest . Quashie was released by QPR at the end of the 2009–10 season . Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur . On 13 April 2012 , Quashie joined 1 . deild karla side Íþróttafélag Reykjavíkur on a two-year contract as both a player and as assistant manager to Andri Marteinsson . He is also a coach in the ÍR academy . Quashie made his league debut for ÍR on 12 May 2012 and scored the teams second goal in the 3–2 win against KA . Following the dismissal of manager Andri Marteinsson on 21 August 2012 with ÍR at the bottom of the division , Quashie was appointed to take charge of the team until the end of the 2012 season . BÍ/Bolungarvík . In January 2013 , Quashie signed a 3-year contract with 1 . deild karla club BÍ/Bolungarvík . He also served as assistant coach in all three seasons . He retired from playing football following the 2015 season . International career . After several impressive performances for QPR , Quashie was awarded four England Under-21 and an England B caps . He is eligible to play for the Scottish national football team through a Scottish grandfather and , given the opportunity to play international football for Scotland in April 2004 , said I have been asked to prove my grandfather came from Scotland , but that is no problem . He was born in Glasgow and Id be very interested in playing for Scotland . Id never given up hope of forcing my way into the full England set-up but I would consider playing for Scotland . Quashie switched his allegiance to Scotland and made his international debut against Estonia in May 2004 . Quashie thus became only the second black player to represent Scotland ( after Andrew Watson in 1881 ) and the third non white person ( after Paul Wilson in 1975 ) . He scored in his second game , a 4–1 win over Trinidad and Tobago , a few days later . Berti Vogts said of him , Nigel is a fantastic player and a real leader on the pitch . He feels so Scottish and thats great . In total Quashie made 14 appearances for Scotland , scoring one goal . External links . - Nigel Quashie profile at whufc.com ( West Ham United official website ) |
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] | easy | What award was endowed to Jeremy Heywood in Dec 2011? | /wiki/Jeremy_Heywood#P166#0 | Jeremy Heywood Jeremy John Heywood , Baron Heywood of Whitehall , ( 31 December 1961 – 4 November 2018 ) was a British civil servant who served as Cabinet Secretary to David Cameron and Theresa May from 2012 to 2018 and Head of the Home Civil Service from 2014 to 2018 . He served as the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Ministers Tony Blair and Gordon Brown from 1999 to 2003 and 2008 to 2010 . He also served as Downing Street Chief of Staff and the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary . After he was diagnosed with lung cancer , he took a leave of absence from June 2018 , and retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , receiving a life peerage ; he died two weeks later on 4 November 2018 . Early life and education . Heywood was born on 31 December 1961 in Glossop , Derbyshire , England . His parents were Peter Heywood and Brenda Swinbank , who met as teachers at Ackworth School in West Yorkshire , one of a few Quaker educational establishments in England . Heywood was educated at the independent Quaker Bootham School in York , where his father taught English . He studied history and economics at Hertford College , Oxford ( where he was later made an Honorary Fellow ) , graduating with a Bachelor of Arts ( BA ) degree in 1983 . He later studied economics at London School of Economics and was awarded Master of Science degree from University of London in 1986 . He also attended the Program for Management Development at Harvard Business School in 1994 . Career . From 1983 to 1984 , Heywood worked as an economist at the Health and Safety Executive , before moving to the Treasury , and became the Principal Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer then Norman Lamont at the age of 30 , having to help mitigate the fallout from Black Wednesday after less than a month in the job . He remained in this role throughout the 1990s under Chancellors Kenneth Clarke and Gordon Brown . He was economic and domestic policy secretary to Tony Blair from 1997 to 1998 , before being promoted to be the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Minister Tony Blair in 1999 . He stayed in this position until 2003 , when he left the civil service in the wake of the Hutton Inquiry where it emerged that he said he had never minuted meetings in the Prime Ministerial offices about David Kelly , a job he was required to do . He became a managing director of the UK Investment Banking Division at Morgan Stanley where he was embroiled in the aftermath of the collapse of Southern Cross Healthcare . Upon Gordon Brown becoming Prime Minister in 2007 , Heywood returned to government as Head of Domestic Policy and Strategy at the Cabinet Office . He later resumed the post of Principal Private Secretary , as well as being appointed the Downing Street Chief of Staff after the resignation of Stephen Carter . In 2010 , after David Cameron became Prime Minister , Heywood was replaced as Chief of Staff by Edward Llewellyn and as Principal Private Secretary by James Bowler . He returned to the civil service and was subsequently appointed the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary , a role created for the purpose of liaising between the Cabinet Secretary and the Chief of Staff within the Cabinet Office . Cabinet Secretary . On 11 October 2011 it was announced that Heywood would replace Sir Gus ODonnell as the Cabinet Secretary , the highest-ranked official in Her Majestys Civil Service , upon the latters retirement in January 2012 . It was also announced that Heywood would not concurrently hold the roles of Head of the Home Civil Service and Permanent Secretary for the Cabinet Office , as would usually be the case . These positions instead went to Sir Bob Kerslake and Ian Watmore respectively . On 1 January 2012 , Heywood was knighted and officially made Cabinet Secretary . In July 2014 it was announced that Kerslake would step down and Heywood would take the title of Head of the Home Civil Service in the coming autumn . In September 2014 , Heywood duly succeeded Kerslake . , Heywood was paid a salary of between £195,000 and £199,999 , making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time . In June 2013 , he visited The Guardians offices to warn its then editor , Alan Rusbridger , that The Guardians involvement with Edward Snowden could make it a target for our guys in British intelligence and Chinese agents on your staff . He was criticised when he vetoed release to the Chilcot Inquiry of 150 letters and records of phone calls between Tony Blair and President George W . Bush before the 2003 Iraq War . Illness and death . After years of heavy smoking , Heywood was diagnosed with lung cancer in June 2017 and took a leave of absence from his position in June 2018 owing to his illness . He retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , and died on 4 November at the age of 56 . Personal life . Heywood was the son of archaeologist Brenda Swinbank . In 1997 , Heywood married Suzanne Cook . Together they had three children , including twins . Cook is a former civil servant who moved into the private sector : she has been managing director of the Exor Group since 2016 and chair of CNH Industrial since 2018 . In 2021 she published a biography , What Does Jeremy Think? : Jeremy Heywood and the Making of Modern Britain . Honours . Heywood was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) in the 2002 New Year Honours , and a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order ( CVO ) in 2003 . He was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) in the 2012 New Year Honours , and was thereby granted the title Sir . The Parliamentary Public Administration Committee cited the example of Heywoods knighthood as an automatic honour granted due to his position . He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 31 October 2018 . On Heywoods retirement as Cabinet Secretary on 24 October 2018 , the Prime Minister Theresa May nominated him for a life peerage in recognition of his distinguished service to public life . He was created Baron Heywood of Whitehall , of Glossop in the County of Derbyshire on 26 October 2018 , shortly before his death . External links . - Profile from The Guardian - Profile from the Financial Times |
[
"Commander of the Royal Victorian Order ( CVO )"
] | easy | What award was endowed to Jeremy Heywood in Dec 2003? | /wiki/Jeremy_Heywood#P166#1 | Jeremy Heywood Jeremy John Heywood , Baron Heywood of Whitehall , ( 31 December 1961 – 4 November 2018 ) was a British civil servant who served as Cabinet Secretary to David Cameron and Theresa May from 2012 to 2018 and Head of the Home Civil Service from 2014 to 2018 . He served as the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Ministers Tony Blair and Gordon Brown from 1999 to 2003 and 2008 to 2010 . He also served as Downing Street Chief of Staff and the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary . After he was diagnosed with lung cancer , he took a leave of absence from June 2018 , and retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , receiving a life peerage ; he died two weeks later on 4 November 2018 . Early life and education . Heywood was born on 31 December 1961 in Glossop , Derbyshire , England . His parents were Peter Heywood and Brenda Swinbank , who met as teachers at Ackworth School in West Yorkshire , one of a few Quaker educational establishments in England . Heywood was educated at the independent Quaker Bootham School in York , where his father taught English . He studied history and economics at Hertford College , Oxford ( where he was later made an Honorary Fellow ) , graduating with a Bachelor of Arts ( BA ) degree in 1983 . He later studied economics at London School of Economics and was awarded Master of Science degree from University of London in 1986 . He also attended the Program for Management Development at Harvard Business School in 1994 . Career . From 1983 to 1984 , Heywood worked as an economist at the Health and Safety Executive , before moving to the Treasury , and became the Principal Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer then Norman Lamont at the age of 30 , having to help mitigate the fallout from Black Wednesday after less than a month in the job . He remained in this role throughout the 1990s under Chancellors Kenneth Clarke and Gordon Brown . He was economic and domestic policy secretary to Tony Blair from 1997 to 1998 , before being promoted to be the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Minister Tony Blair in 1999 . He stayed in this position until 2003 , when he left the civil service in the wake of the Hutton Inquiry where it emerged that he said he had never minuted meetings in the Prime Ministerial offices about David Kelly , a job he was required to do . He became a managing director of the UK Investment Banking Division at Morgan Stanley where he was embroiled in the aftermath of the collapse of Southern Cross Healthcare . Upon Gordon Brown becoming Prime Minister in 2007 , Heywood returned to government as Head of Domestic Policy and Strategy at the Cabinet Office . He later resumed the post of Principal Private Secretary , as well as being appointed the Downing Street Chief of Staff after the resignation of Stephen Carter . In 2010 , after David Cameron became Prime Minister , Heywood was replaced as Chief of Staff by Edward Llewellyn and as Principal Private Secretary by James Bowler . He returned to the civil service and was subsequently appointed the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary , a role created for the purpose of liaising between the Cabinet Secretary and the Chief of Staff within the Cabinet Office . Cabinet Secretary . On 11 October 2011 it was announced that Heywood would replace Sir Gus ODonnell as the Cabinet Secretary , the highest-ranked official in Her Majestys Civil Service , upon the latters retirement in January 2012 . It was also announced that Heywood would not concurrently hold the roles of Head of the Home Civil Service and Permanent Secretary for the Cabinet Office , as would usually be the case . These positions instead went to Sir Bob Kerslake and Ian Watmore respectively . On 1 January 2012 , Heywood was knighted and officially made Cabinet Secretary . In July 2014 it was announced that Kerslake would step down and Heywood would take the title of Head of the Home Civil Service in the coming autumn . In September 2014 , Heywood duly succeeded Kerslake . , Heywood was paid a salary of between £195,000 and £199,999 , making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time . In June 2013 , he visited The Guardians offices to warn its then editor , Alan Rusbridger , that The Guardians involvement with Edward Snowden could make it a target for our guys in British intelligence and Chinese agents on your staff . He was criticised when he vetoed release to the Chilcot Inquiry of 150 letters and records of phone calls between Tony Blair and President George W . Bush before the 2003 Iraq War . Illness and death . After years of heavy smoking , Heywood was diagnosed with lung cancer in June 2017 and took a leave of absence from his position in June 2018 owing to his illness . He retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , and died on 4 November at the age of 56 . Personal life . Heywood was the son of archaeologist Brenda Swinbank . In 1997 , Heywood married Suzanne Cook . Together they had three children , including twins . Cook is a former civil servant who moved into the private sector : she has been managing director of the Exor Group since 2016 and chair of CNH Industrial since 2018 . In 2021 she published a biography , What Does Jeremy Think? : Jeremy Heywood and the Making of Modern Britain . Honours . Heywood was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) in the 2002 New Year Honours , and a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order ( CVO ) in 2003 . He was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) in the 2012 New Year Honours , and was thereby granted the title Sir . The Parliamentary Public Administration Committee cited the example of Heywoods knighthood as an automatic honour granted due to his position . He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 31 October 2018 . On Heywoods retirement as Cabinet Secretary on 24 October 2018 , the Prime Minister Theresa May nominated him for a life peerage in recognition of his distinguished service to public life . He was created Baron Heywood of Whitehall , of Glossop in the County of Derbyshire on 26 October 2018 , shortly before his death . External links . - Profile from The Guardian - Profile from the Financial Times |
[
""
] | easy | Jeremy Heywood received which award in Dec 2001? | /wiki/Jeremy_Heywood#P166#2 | Jeremy Heywood Jeremy John Heywood , Baron Heywood of Whitehall , ( 31 December 1961 – 4 November 2018 ) was a British civil servant who served as Cabinet Secretary to David Cameron and Theresa May from 2012 to 2018 and Head of the Home Civil Service from 2014 to 2018 . He served as the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Ministers Tony Blair and Gordon Brown from 1999 to 2003 and 2008 to 2010 . He also served as Downing Street Chief of Staff and the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary . After he was diagnosed with lung cancer , he took a leave of absence from June 2018 , and retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , receiving a life peerage ; he died two weeks later on 4 November 2018 . Early life and education . Heywood was born on 31 December 1961 in Glossop , Derbyshire , England . His parents were Peter Heywood and Brenda Swinbank , who met as teachers at Ackworth School in West Yorkshire , one of a few Quaker educational establishments in England . Heywood was educated at the independent Quaker Bootham School in York , where his father taught English . He studied history and economics at Hertford College , Oxford ( where he was later made an Honorary Fellow ) , graduating with a Bachelor of Arts ( BA ) degree in 1983 . He later studied economics at London School of Economics and was awarded Master of Science degree from University of London in 1986 . He also attended the Program for Management Development at Harvard Business School in 1994 . Career . From 1983 to 1984 , Heywood worked as an economist at the Health and Safety Executive , before moving to the Treasury , and became the Principal Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer then Norman Lamont at the age of 30 , having to help mitigate the fallout from Black Wednesday after less than a month in the job . He remained in this role throughout the 1990s under Chancellors Kenneth Clarke and Gordon Brown . He was economic and domestic policy secretary to Tony Blair from 1997 to 1998 , before being promoted to be the Principal Private Secretary to Prime Minister Tony Blair in 1999 . He stayed in this position until 2003 , when he left the civil service in the wake of the Hutton Inquiry where it emerged that he said he had never minuted meetings in the Prime Ministerial offices about David Kelly , a job he was required to do . He became a managing director of the UK Investment Banking Division at Morgan Stanley where he was embroiled in the aftermath of the collapse of Southern Cross Healthcare . Upon Gordon Brown becoming Prime Minister in 2007 , Heywood returned to government as Head of Domestic Policy and Strategy at the Cabinet Office . He later resumed the post of Principal Private Secretary , as well as being appointed the Downing Street Chief of Staff after the resignation of Stephen Carter . In 2010 , after David Cameron became Prime Minister , Heywood was replaced as Chief of Staff by Edward Llewellyn and as Principal Private Secretary by James Bowler . He returned to the civil service and was subsequently appointed the first Downing Street Permanent Secretary , a role created for the purpose of liaising between the Cabinet Secretary and the Chief of Staff within the Cabinet Office . Cabinet Secretary . On 11 October 2011 it was announced that Heywood would replace Sir Gus ODonnell as the Cabinet Secretary , the highest-ranked official in Her Majestys Civil Service , upon the latters retirement in January 2012 . It was also announced that Heywood would not concurrently hold the roles of Head of the Home Civil Service and Permanent Secretary for the Cabinet Office , as would usually be the case . These positions instead went to Sir Bob Kerslake and Ian Watmore respectively . On 1 January 2012 , Heywood was knighted and officially made Cabinet Secretary . In July 2014 it was announced that Kerslake would step down and Heywood would take the title of Head of the Home Civil Service in the coming autumn . In September 2014 , Heywood duly succeeded Kerslake . , Heywood was paid a salary of between £195,000 and £199,999 , making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time . In June 2013 , he visited The Guardians offices to warn its then editor , Alan Rusbridger , that The Guardians involvement with Edward Snowden could make it a target for our guys in British intelligence and Chinese agents on your staff . He was criticised when he vetoed release to the Chilcot Inquiry of 150 letters and records of phone calls between Tony Blair and President George W . Bush before the 2003 Iraq War . Illness and death . After years of heavy smoking , Heywood was diagnosed with lung cancer in June 2017 and took a leave of absence from his position in June 2018 owing to his illness . He retired on health grounds on 24 October 2018 , and died on 4 November at the age of 56 . Personal life . Heywood was the son of archaeologist Brenda Swinbank . In 1997 , Heywood married Suzanne Cook . Together they had three children , including twins . Cook is a former civil servant who moved into the private sector : she has been managing director of the Exor Group since 2016 and chair of CNH Industrial since 2018 . In 2021 she published a biography , What Does Jeremy Think? : Jeremy Heywood and the Making of Modern Britain . Honours . Heywood was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath ( CB ) in the 2002 New Year Honours , and a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order ( CVO ) in 2003 . He was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath ( KCB ) in the 2012 New Year Honours , and was thereby granted the title Sir . The Parliamentary Public Administration Committee cited the example of Heywoods knighthood as an automatic honour granted due to his position . He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 31 October 2018 . On Heywoods retirement as Cabinet Secretary on 24 October 2018 , the Prime Minister Theresa May nominated him for a life peerage in recognition of his distinguished service to public life . He was created Baron Heywood of Whitehall , of Glossop in the County of Derbyshire on 26 October 2018 , shortly before his death . External links . - Profile from The Guardian - Profile from the Financial Times |
[
"San Juan Jabloteh"
] | easy | Which team did the player Jason Scotland belong to from 1996 to 1997? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#0 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Defence Force"
] | easy | Which team did Jason Scotland play for from 1998 to 2002? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#1 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Dundee United"
] | easy | Which team did Jason Scotland play for from 2003 to 2005? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#2 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"St Johnstone"
] | easy | Which team did Jason Scotland play for from 2005 to 2007? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#3 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Swansea City"
] | easy | Which team did the player Jason Scotland belong to from 2007 to 2009? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#4 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Wigan"
] | easy | Jason Scotland played for which team from 2009 to 2010? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#5 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Ipswich Town"
] | easy | Which team did the player Jason Scotland belong to from 2010 to 2013? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#6 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Barnsley"
] | easy | Which team did Jason Scotland play for from 2013 to 2014? | /wiki/Jason_Scotland#P54#7 | Jason Scotland Jason Kelvin Scotland CM ( born 18 February 1979 ) is a Trinidadian former professional footballer and current coach whose last job was with Scottish team Hamilton Academical . Scotland started his footballing career in his native Trinidad and Tobago before moving to play professionally for Scottish club Dundee United . He has also had spells with St Johnstone , Swansea City , Wigan Athletic , Ipswich Town , Barnsley and Hamilton Academical . He made 41 international appearances and scored 8 goals for Trinidad and Tobago between 2000 and 2012 , playing at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Club career . Early career / Dundee United . Born in Morvant , Trinidad and Tobago , after playing for Malick Senior Comprehensive School , Scotland went on to play with San Juan Jabloteh – for whom he scored nine goals in as many league games – and Defence Force , where he scored 30 goals in 31 league appearances . This goalscoring form earned him a trial with Scottish side Dundee United in May 2003 alongside fellow Trinidad player Devon Mitchell . After impressing the staff , Scotland joined compatriot Collin Samuel at Tannadice after gaining a work permit in July . After making his debut in August 2003 , Scotland featured mostly as a substitute in his first season and was wanted on loan by Northern Irish club Linfield in January 2004 , although no move materialised . In March , Scotland scored his first goal for United , netting in a 3–2 win at Livingston and four days later scored the only goal in a 1–0 home win against Motherwell . With three more goals that season , Scotland scored five league goals from 21 appearances , with the majority as substitute appearances , and was awarded a new contract . In Scotlands second season , it again took him several months to score , netting his first of the season in late December . In April , however , Scotland scored perhaps his most important goal of the season , netting the winner in the Scottish Cup semi-final to take United into the final . He went on to play the full 90 minutes of the showpiece match as United narrowly lost 1–0 to Celtic . St Johnstone . In July 2005 , Scotland was denied a new work permit and the club made an appeal , which was deemed unsuccessful by a Scottish Premier League appeals committee . Within three weeks , St Johnstone of the Scottish First Division were successful in gaining a work permit for the player – despite using the same dossier as United had presented previously . Scotland went on to net 15 goals in 31 league appearances in his first season at McDiarmid Park , including a goal on his debut and a hat-trick in April . He was named in Trinidad Tobagos 2006 FIFA World Cup squad . Scotlands second season produced 18 league goals , including a goal against former club Dundee United in a League Cup match ; despite his goal against his former club , he received a warm reception from the United fans . In February 2007 , Scotland was the subject of racist taunts by a small section of Motherwell fans during St Johnstones visit to Fir Park in the quarter-finals of the Scottish Cup . He went on to score Saints second goal in a 2–1 victory . In April 2007 , Scotland was one of three St Johnstone players named in the SPFAs Scottish Division One Team of the Year , voted for by the managers . At the end of the 2006–07 season , in his two campaigns with St Johnstone , Scotland had scored 33 goals in 66 league games for the club , an average of one every two games . Swansea City . In May 2007 , Scotland signed for Swansea City for a fee of £25,000 subject to obtaining a work permit , which was granted on 4 July . He scored on his debut and he helped the team to promotion to the Football League Championship , finishing the season with 29 goals in all competitions – the divisions top scorer – and also earning himself a place in the PFA Team of the Year . Scotland netted a 78th minute penalty kick against Plymouth Argyle on 10 March 2009 , his 50th goal for Swansea in all competitions Wigan Athletic . Scotland signed for Wigan on a three-year contract on 18 July , after receiving international and visa approval . He made his debut as a stoppage time substitute in a 2–0 victory over Aston Villa on 15 August . He scored his first goal for Wigan in the FA Cup against Notts County on 23 January 2010 . He scored his first league goal for the club on his 29th league appearance against Fulham on 4 April 2010 . Ipswich Town . Scotland signed for Ipswich Town on 23 August 2010 , initially on a two-year deal for a fee of £500,000 . He made his Ipswich debut against Crewe in the League Cup and then scored his first goal for the club on his league debut against Bristol City on 28 August 2010 . In April 2012 , he was praised by manager Paul Jewell for turning down a clause in his contract which would have meant that he would have received a wage increase . He left Ipswich Town on 21 January 2013 , after agreeing a contract settlement . The move proved somewhat controversial among some fans of the club considering Scotland had developed into somewhat of a fan favourite as an impact substitute . It was also deemed a rash move from the club since fellow striker Nathan Ellington remained at the club with a goal total of zero . Barnsley . On 28 January 2013 it was announced that Scotland signed for Championship side Barnsley until the end of the season . His first appearance for Barnsley came as a substitute in a 2–0 victory against Millwall at Oakwell , where he scored the second goal , only a few minutes after coming on to the field of play . On 4 May 2013 he scored Barnsleys second goal in a 2–2 draw away against Huddersfield Town , heading home a David Perkins cross , helping Barnsley to a point which ultimately secured the Reds place in the Championship for another season . Hamilton Academical . On 22 January 2014 , Scotland signed for Hamilton Academical on a free transfer . He scored against Hibernian in the second leg of a promotion/relegation play-off on 25 May , also scoring in the subsequent penalty shootout as Hamilton won promotion to the Scottish Premiership . He was released by Hamilton on 3 January 2015 , but then re-signed for the club on 27 January 2015 until the end of the season . He was released by Hamilton after the 2014–15 season . Stenhousemuir . Scotland signed a short-term contract with Stenhousemuir in October 2015 . Lochee Harp JFC . On 1 February 2018 , Scotland penned a short term deal with Dundee-based East Region/North Division side Lochee Harp . On 29 March 2019 , Scotland joined the Nicos Cafe Bar pub team until the ended of the season International career . Scotland made his debut for Trinidad and Tobago in 2000 and went on to earn 41 cap , scoring 8 goals . He was a member of the squad at the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup and also at the 2006 FIFA World Cup , but saw no playing time in the latter tournament . In late September 2011 , he announced his retirement from international football to concentrate on his club career with Ipswich Town . Coaching career . In 2017 , Scotland returned to Hamilton Academical , one of his former clubs as a player , to become a coach specialising in training their forwards , while also assisting with their youth academy teams . He left the club in January 2019 along with the manager Martin Canning in a staffing restructure . Career statistics . International goals . Trinidad and Tobago score listed first , score column indicates score after each Scotland goal . Honours . Club . - Dundee United - Scottish Cup runner-up : 2004–05 - Swansea City - Football League One : 2007–08 - Hamilton Academical - Scottish Championship : 2013–14 Individual . - TT Pro League Golden Boot : 2000 - Scottish First Division top scorer : 2005–06 - PFA Scotland Team of the Year : 2006–07 First Division - Football League One Player of the Month : December 2007 , March 2008 - Football League One top scorer : 2007–08 - Swansea City Player of the Year : 2007–08 - Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation Player of the Year : 2008 - PFA Team of the Year : 2007–08 League One , 2008–09 Championship - Football League Championship Player of the Month : February 2009 - Ipswich Town Goal of the Season : 2011–12 Medals . - Chaconia Medal External links . - Socawarriors profile |
[
"Glentoran"
] | easy | Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) played for which team from 1984 to 1987? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#0 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
"Portadown"
] | easy | Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) played for which team from 1987 to 1988? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#1 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
"Vale Park"
] | easy | Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) played for which team from 1988 to 1991? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#2 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
"Cardiff City"
] | easy | Which team did the player Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) belong to from 1991 to 1995? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#3 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
"Linfield"
] | easy | Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) played for which team from 1995 to 1998? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#4 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
""
] | easy | Paul Millar (footballer, born 1966) played for which team from 2000 to 2003? | /wiki/Paul_Millar_(footballer,_born_1966)#P54#5 | Paul Millar ( footballer , born 1966 ) Paul William Millar ( born 16 November 1966 ) is a Northern Irish former footballer , who is now assistant manager to Mick McDermott at NIFL Premiership club Glentoran . As a player , he played in midfield and attack . He started at Glentoran , moving on to Portadown , before signing with Port Vale in 1988 . Three years later he transferred to Cardiff City , and helped the Welsh club to top the Third Division in 1992–93 . In 1995 , he left the Football League to return to Ireland , signing with Linfield and later returned to Wales to play for Bangor . He won youth caps for his country , and also earned a Northern Ireland B cap . As a manager , he was appointed manager of Bangor , before moving on to Ballymena United . In 2005 , he was made manager of Newry City , moving on to Glentoran the next season , and then returning to the management position at Bangor in 2007 . In 2008 , he was appointed manager at Larne , before he left the club in April 2012 . Playing career . Millar started his career with Glentoran , after scoring 15 goals in 28 appearances , he moved to Portadown . The young forward was selected as the Irish Young Footballer of the Year in 1986 , and scored the winning goal in the final of the Irish Cup . He joined Port Vale in the English Third Division for £20,000 in December 1988 . After playing just one reserve team game he seriously damaged his knee ligaments in training and after recovering finally made his debut at Vale Park in a 1–1 draw with Middlesbrough on 30 October 1989 , coming on as a substitute . With Vale now competing in the Second Division he struggled to gain a place in the first team and was loaned to Fourth Division side Hereford United in October 1990 , returning to Vale the next month after two goals in five games at Edgar Street . Overall , he made 44 appearances for John Rudges Valiants , though most of these were as a substitute . He was sold to Cardiff City for £60,000 in August 1991 . He made over 100 appearances in four years under Bluebirds manager Eddie May . Cardiff missed out on the play-offs by three points in 1991–92 , before winning promotion to the Second Division as Third Division champions in 1992–93 . Avoiding relegation by two points in 1993–94 , Cardiff were relegated in 1994–95 after finishing twelve points short of safety . At this point Millar returned to Northern Ireland , signing with Linfield and then Portadown . He later became a player-manager , increasingly focussing on the management side of the game . Management career . Millar had player-manager roles at Bangor , Ballymena and Brantwood , where he gained his European A Coaching Licence . He took up a full-time managerial position at IFA Premiership side Newry City in November 2005 , getting the club into the top six in his first season . Following the resignation of Roy Coyle , he was appointed as the manager of Glentoran in February 2006 . Manager of the month in March 2006 , he picked up the award for a second successive month after Glens secured second place in the league . The 2006–07 season started with Millars side clear at the top , but a slump in the second half of the season saw them runners-up in the league for the second successive season . He was sacked in May 2007 after just 16 months in the job , he claimed he could leave with his head held high after securing a UEFA Cup spot . A week later he returned to Bangor , but quit that post in May 2008 after claiming an eight-match suspension handed to him by the Irish Football Association hindered his ability to manage the club . He was appointed as manager of IFA Championship side Larne in December 2008 . He led the Inver Park club to eighth and ninth-place finishes in 2008–09 , 2009–10 and 2010–11 . On 16 January 2010 , fighting broke about between Larne and Newry City players and coaching staff , and Millar was sent off . An IFA Commission was set up to investigate the brawl , and Millar was handed a four-game ban , whilst the club were fined £1,200 and Larne player Anthony Lagan was suspended for the rest of the season . Newry chairman Paul McKenna condemned the lenient punishments , stating that the commission bottled it , though the IFA ruled that they acted fully in line with regulations and procedures . The fixture was abandoned and Newry were awarded a 2–1 victory . Larne finished tenth in 2011–12 , and Millar resigned in April 2012 to take up the position as Gary Hamiltons assistant at Glenavon . After seven years at the club , Millar departed Glenavon on 2 April 2019 and returned to Glentoran as new manager Mick McDermotts assistant . Personal life . His son , Philip , died from a drugs overdose in 2017 . Statistics . Source : Honours . as a Player . - Individual - Irish Young Footballer of the Year : 1986 - Glentoran - Irish Cup winner : 1986 - Cardiff City - Football League Third Division champion : 1992–93 as a Manager . - Individual - Northern Ireland Football Writers Manager of the Month : March 2006 , April 2006 - Glentoran - IFA Premiership runner-up : 2005–06 & 2006–07 |
[
""
] | easy | Alessandro Magnasco worked in which location from 1680 to 1703? | /wiki/Alessandro_Magnasco#P937#0 | Alessandro Magnasco Alessandro Magnasco ( February 4 , 1667 – March 12 , 1749 ) , also known as il Lissandrino , was an Italian late-Baroque painter active mostly in Milan and Genoa . He is best known for stylized , fantastic , often phantasmagoric genre or landscape scenes . Magnascos distinctive style is characterized by fragmented forms rendered with swift brushstrokes and darting flashes of light . Life . Born in Genoa to a minor artist , Stefano Magnasco , he apprenticed with Valerio Castello , and finally with Filippo Abbiati ( 1640–1715 ) in Milan . Except for 1703–09 ( or 1709–11 ) when working in Florence for the Grand Duke Cosimo III , Magnasco labored in Milan until 1735 , when he returned to his native Genoa . Magnasco often collaborated with placing figures in the landscapes of Tavella and the ruins of Clemente Spera in Milan . Mature style . After 1710 , Magnasco excelled in producing small , hypochromatic canvases with eerie and gloomy landscapes and ruins , or crowded interiors peopled with small , often lambent and cartoonishly elongated characters . The people in his paintings were often nearly liquefacted beggars dressed in tatters , rendered in flickering , nervous brushstrokes . Often they deal with unusual subjects such as synagogue services , Quaker meetings , robbers gatherings , catastrophes , and interrogations by the Inquisition . His sentiments regarding these subjects are generally unclear . A century later he would be described as a romantic painter : who painted with candid touches , and ingenious expressiveness , little figures in Gothic churches ; or in solitude , hermits and monks ; or scoundrels assembled in town squares ; soldiers in barracks . The art historian and critic Luigi Lanzi described him as the Cerquozzi of his school ; thereby signaling him into the circle of followers of the Bamboccianti . He indicates that Magnasco had figures scarcely more than a span large .. . painted with humor and delight , but not as if this effect had been the intention of the painter . Lanzi says these eccentric pieces were favored by the Grand Duke Giovanni Gastone Medici of Florence . Magnasco also found contemporary patronage for his work among prominent families and collectors of Milan , for example the Arese and Casnedi families . This series of patrons underscores the fact that Magnasco was more esteemed by outsiders than by his fellow Genoese ; as Lanzi noted , his bold touch , though joined to a noble conception and to correct drawing , did not attract in Genoa , because it is far removed from the finish and union of tints which ( Genoese ) masters followed . In the twentieth century , Rudolf Wittkower derided him as solitary , tense , strange , mystic , ecstatic , grotesque , and out of touch with the triumphal course of the Venetian school from 1710 onward . Origins of his style . The influences on his work are obscure . Some suspect the influence of the loose painterly style of his Venetian contemporary Sebastiano Ricci ( 1659–1734 ) , the Genoese Domenico Piola ( 1627–1703 ) and Gregorio de Ferrari , although the most prominent of the three , Ricci , painted in a more monumental and mythic style , and these artists may in fact have been influenced by Magnasco . Magnasco was likely influenced by Milanese il Morazzone ( 1573–1626 ) in the emotional quality of his work . Some of his canvases ( see ill . ( q. ) ) recall Salvatore Rosas romantic sea-lashed landscapes , and his affinity for paintings of brigands . The diminutive scale of Magnascos figures relative to the landscape is comparable to Claude Lorraines more airy depictions . While his use of figures of ragged beggars has been compared with Giuseppe Maria Crespis genre style , Crespis figures are larger , more distinct , and individual , and it is possible that Crespi himself may have influenced Magnasco . Others point to the influences of late Baroque Italian genre painters , the Roman Bamboccianti , and in his exotic scenography , the well-disseminated engravings of the Frenchman Callot . Legacy . Magnascos work may have influenced Marco Ricci , Giuseppe Bazzani , Francesco Maffei , and the famed painters de tocco ( by touch ) Gianantonio and Francesco Guardi in Venice . His depictions of torture in The Inquisition ( or perhaps named Interrogations in a Jail ) are an atypical subject for Italian baroque paintings , as were his depictions of the religious ceremonies of Jews and Quakers . Yet it remains unsolved , according to Wittkower , how much quietism or criticism or farce went into the making of his pictures . References . - Raffaello Soprani , Carlo Giuseppe Ratti ( a cura di ) , Vite de Pittori , Scultori ed Architetti Genovesi ; In questa seconda Edizione rivedute , accresciute ed arricchite di note da Carlo Giuseppe Ratti Tomo Primo , Stamperia Casamara , dalle Cinque Lampadi , con licenza de superiori , Genova , 1769 . Pagine 155-164 - Herman Voss , A Re-discovered Picture by Alessandro Magnasco , in The Burlington Magazine , LXXI , pp . 171–177 . London 1937 - A Loan Exhibition of Paintings by Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Durlacher Bros , New York - Golden Gate International Exhibition , California Palace of Fine Arts , San Francisco , 1940 - Maria Pospisil , Magnasco . Firenze 1944 - Benno Geiger , Magnasco . Bergamo 1949 - Antonio Morassi , Mostra del Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Bergamo 1949 - Renato Roli , Alessandro Magnasco , Milano 1964 - V.Magnoni , Alessandro Magnasco , Roma 1965 - Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Louisville-Ann Arbor , 1967 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Genova 1977 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Soncino ( Cr ) 1991 - L.Muti - D . De Sarno Prignano , Magnasco . Faenza 1994 - Alessandro Magnasco 1667-1749 . Exhibition catalogue . Milano 1996 - C . Geddo , Alessandro Magnasco : una fortuna critica senza confini , ibidem , pp . 39–50 - Jane Turner ( a cura di ) , The Dictionary of Art . 20 , pp . 95–96 . New York , Grove , 1996 . |
[
"Florence"
] | easy | Where did Alessandro Magnasco work from 1703 to 1711? | /wiki/Alessandro_Magnasco#P937#1 | Alessandro Magnasco Alessandro Magnasco ( February 4 , 1667 – March 12 , 1749 ) , also known as il Lissandrino , was an Italian late-Baroque painter active mostly in Milan and Genoa . He is best known for stylized , fantastic , often phantasmagoric genre or landscape scenes . Magnascos distinctive style is characterized by fragmented forms rendered with swift brushstrokes and darting flashes of light . Life . Born in Genoa to a minor artist , Stefano Magnasco , he apprenticed with Valerio Castello , and finally with Filippo Abbiati ( 1640–1715 ) in Milan . Except for 1703–09 ( or 1709–11 ) when working in Florence for the Grand Duke Cosimo III , Magnasco labored in Milan until 1735 , when he returned to his native Genoa . Magnasco often collaborated with placing figures in the landscapes of Tavella and the ruins of Clemente Spera in Milan . Mature style . After 1710 , Magnasco excelled in producing small , hypochromatic canvases with eerie and gloomy landscapes and ruins , or crowded interiors peopled with small , often lambent and cartoonishly elongated characters . The people in his paintings were often nearly liquefacted beggars dressed in tatters , rendered in flickering , nervous brushstrokes . Often they deal with unusual subjects such as synagogue services , Quaker meetings , robbers gatherings , catastrophes , and interrogations by the Inquisition . His sentiments regarding these subjects are generally unclear . A century later he would be described as a romantic painter : who painted with candid touches , and ingenious expressiveness , little figures in Gothic churches ; or in solitude , hermits and monks ; or scoundrels assembled in town squares ; soldiers in barracks . The art historian and critic Luigi Lanzi described him as the Cerquozzi of his school ; thereby signaling him into the circle of followers of the Bamboccianti . He indicates that Magnasco had figures scarcely more than a span large .. . painted with humor and delight , but not as if this effect had been the intention of the painter . Lanzi says these eccentric pieces were favored by the Grand Duke Giovanni Gastone Medici of Florence . Magnasco also found contemporary patronage for his work among prominent families and collectors of Milan , for example the Arese and Casnedi families . This series of patrons underscores the fact that Magnasco was more esteemed by outsiders than by his fellow Genoese ; as Lanzi noted , his bold touch , though joined to a noble conception and to correct drawing , did not attract in Genoa , because it is far removed from the finish and union of tints which ( Genoese ) masters followed . In the twentieth century , Rudolf Wittkower derided him as solitary , tense , strange , mystic , ecstatic , grotesque , and out of touch with the triumphal course of the Venetian school from 1710 onward . Origins of his style . The influences on his work are obscure . Some suspect the influence of the loose painterly style of his Venetian contemporary Sebastiano Ricci ( 1659–1734 ) , the Genoese Domenico Piola ( 1627–1703 ) and Gregorio de Ferrari , although the most prominent of the three , Ricci , painted in a more monumental and mythic style , and these artists may in fact have been influenced by Magnasco . Magnasco was likely influenced by Milanese il Morazzone ( 1573–1626 ) in the emotional quality of his work . Some of his canvases ( see ill . ( q. ) ) recall Salvatore Rosas romantic sea-lashed landscapes , and his affinity for paintings of brigands . The diminutive scale of Magnascos figures relative to the landscape is comparable to Claude Lorraines more airy depictions . While his use of figures of ragged beggars has been compared with Giuseppe Maria Crespis genre style , Crespis figures are larger , more distinct , and individual , and it is possible that Crespi himself may have influenced Magnasco . Others point to the influences of late Baroque Italian genre painters , the Roman Bamboccianti , and in his exotic scenography , the well-disseminated engravings of the Frenchman Callot . Legacy . Magnascos work may have influenced Marco Ricci , Giuseppe Bazzani , Francesco Maffei , and the famed painters de tocco ( by touch ) Gianantonio and Francesco Guardi in Venice . His depictions of torture in The Inquisition ( or perhaps named Interrogations in a Jail ) are an atypical subject for Italian baroque paintings , as were his depictions of the religious ceremonies of Jews and Quakers . Yet it remains unsolved , according to Wittkower , how much quietism or criticism or farce went into the making of his pictures . References . - Raffaello Soprani , Carlo Giuseppe Ratti ( a cura di ) , Vite de Pittori , Scultori ed Architetti Genovesi ; In questa seconda Edizione rivedute , accresciute ed arricchite di note da Carlo Giuseppe Ratti Tomo Primo , Stamperia Casamara , dalle Cinque Lampadi , con licenza de superiori , Genova , 1769 . Pagine 155-164 - Herman Voss , A Re-discovered Picture by Alessandro Magnasco , in The Burlington Magazine , LXXI , pp . 171–177 . London 1937 - A Loan Exhibition of Paintings by Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Durlacher Bros , New York - Golden Gate International Exhibition , California Palace of Fine Arts , San Francisco , 1940 - Maria Pospisil , Magnasco . Firenze 1944 - Benno Geiger , Magnasco . Bergamo 1949 - Antonio Morassi , Mostra del Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Bergamo 1949 - Renato Roli , Alessandro Magnasco , Milano 1964 - V.Magnoni , Alessandro Magnasco , Roma 1965 - Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Louisville-Ann Arbor , 1967 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Genova 1977 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Soncino ( Cr ) 1991 - L.Muti - D . De Sarno Prignano , Magnasco . Faenza 1994 - Alessandro Magnasco 1667-1749 . Exhibition catalogue . Milano 1996 - C . Geddo , Alessandro Magnasco : una fortuna critica senza confini , ibidem , pp . 39–50 - Jane Turner ( a cura di ) , The Dictionary of Art . 20 , pp . 95–96 . New York , Grove , 1996 . |
[
"Genoa"
] | easy | Where did Alessandro Magnasco work from 1735 to 1749? | /wiki/Alessandro_Magnasco#P937#2 | Alessandro Magnasco Alessandro Magnasco ( February 4 , 1667 – March 12 , 1749 ) , also known as il Lissandrino , was an Italian late-Baroque painter active mostly in Milan and Genoa . He is best known for stylized , fantastic , often phantasmagoric genre or landscape scenes . Magnascos distinctive style is characterized by fragmented forms rendered with swift brushstrokes and darting flashes of light . Life . Born in Genoa to a minor artist , Stefano Magnasco , he apprenticed with Valerio Castello , and finally with Filippo Abbiati ( 1640–1715 ) in Milan . Except for 1703–09 ( or 1709–11 ) when working in Florence for the Grand Duke Cosimo III , Magnasco labored in Milan until 1735 , when he returned to his native Genoa . Magnasco often collaborated with placing figures in the landscapes of Tavella and the ruins of Clemente Spera in Milan . Mature style . After 1710 , Magnasco excelled in producing small , hypochromatic canvases with eerie and gloomy landscapes and ruins , or crowded interiors peopled with small , often lambent and cartoonishly elongated characters . The people in his paintings were often nearly liquefacted beggars dressed in tatters , rendered in flickering , nervous brushstrokes . Often they deal with unusual subjects such as synagogue services , Quaker meetings , robbers gatherings , catastrophes , and interrogations by the Inquisition . His sentiments regarding these subjects are generally unclear . A century later he would be described as a romantic painter : who painted with candid touches , and ingenious expressiveness , little figures in Gothic churches ; or in solitude , hermits and monks ; or scoundrels assembled in town squares ; soldiers in barracks . The art historian and critic Luigi Lanzi described him as the Cerquozzi of his school ; thereby signaling him into the circle of followers of the Bamboccianti . He indicates that Magnasco had figures scarcely more than a span large .. . painted with humor and delight , but not as if this effect had been the intention of the painter . Lanzi says these eccentric pieces were favored by the Grand Duke Giovanni Gastone Medici of Florence . Magnasco also found contemporary patronage for his work among prominent families and collectors of Milan , for example the Arese and Casnedi families . This series of patrons underscores the fact that Magnasco was more esteemed by outsiders than by his fellow Genoese ; as Lanzi noted , his bold touch , though joined to a noble conception and to correct drawing , did not attract in Genoa , because it is far removed from the finish and union of tints which ( Genoese ) masters followed . In the twentieth century , Rudolf Wittkower derided him as solitary , tense , strange , mystic , ecstatic , grotesque , and out of touch with the triumphal course of the Venetian school from 1710 onward . Origins of his style . The influences on his work are obscure . Some suspect the influence of the loose painterly style of his Venetian contemporary Sebastiano Ricci ( 1659–1734 ) , the Genoese Domenico Piola ( 1627–1703 ) and Gregorio de Ferrari , although the most prominent of the three , Ricci , painted in a more monumental and mythic style , and these artists may in fact have been influenced by Magnasco . Magnasco was likely influenced by Milanese il Morazzone ( 1573–1626 ) in the emotional quality of his work . Some of his canvases ( see ill . ( q. ) ) recall Salvatore Rosas romantic sea-lashed landscapes , and his affinity for paintings of brigands . The diminutive scale of Magnascos figures relative to the landscape is comparable to Claude Lorraines more airy depictions . While his use of figures of ragged beggars has been compared with Giuseppe Maria Crespis genre style , Crespis figures are larger , more distinct , and individual , and it is possible that Crespi himself may have influenced Magnasco . Others point to the influences of late Baroque Italian genre painters , the Roman Bamboccianti , and in his exotic scenography , the well-disseminated engravings of the Frenchman Callot . Legacy . Magnascos work may have influenced Marco Ricci , Giuseppe Bazzani , Francesco Maffei , and the famed painters de tocco ( by touch ) Gianantonio and Francesco Guardi in Venice . His depictions of torture in The Inquisition ( or perhaps named Interrogations in a Jail ) are an atypical subject for Italian baroque paintings , as were his depictions of the religious ceremonies of Jews and Quakers . Yet it remains unsolved , according to Wittkower , how much quietism or criticism or farce went into the making of his pictures . References . - Raffaello Soprani , Carlo Giuseppe Ratti ( a cura di ) , Vite de Pittori , Scultori ed Architetti Genovesi ; In questa seconda Edizione rivedute , accresciute ed arricchite di note da Carlo Giuseppe Ratti Tomo Primo , Stamperia Casamara , dalle Cinque Lampadi , con licenza de superiori , Genova , 1769 . Pagine 155-164 - Herman Voss , A Re-discovered Picture by Alessandro Magnasco , in The Burlington Magazine , LXXI , pp . 171–177 . London 1937 - A Loan Exhibition of Paintings by Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Durlacher Bros , New York - Golden Gate International Exhibition , California Palace of Fine Arts , San Francisco , 1940 - Maria Pospisil , Magnasco . Firenze 1944 - Benno Geiger , Magnasco . Bergamo 1949 - Antonio Morassi , Mostra del Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Bergamo 1949 - Renato Roli , Alessandro Magnasco , Milano 1964 - V.Magnoni , Alessandro Magnasco , Roma 1965 - Alessandro Magnasco , exhibition catalogue , Louisville-Ann Arbor , 1967 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Genova 1977 - Fausta Franchini Guelfi , Alessandro Magnasco . Soncino ( Cr ) 1991 - L.Muti - D . De Sarno Prignano , Magnasco . Faenza 1994 - Alessandro Magnasco 1667-1749 . Exhibition catalogue . Milano 1996 - C . Geddo , Alessandro Magnasco : una fortuna critica senza confini , ibidem , pp . 39–50 - Jane Turner ( a cura di ) , The Dictionary of Art . 20 , pp . 95–96 . New York , Grove , 1996 . |
[
"Paolo Bonolis"
] | easy | Who was the presenter of Affari tuoi from 2003 to 2005? | /wiki/Affari_tuoi#P371#0 | Affari tuoi Affari tuoi ( ; ) is an Italian game show based upon the internationally popular game show Deal or No Deal . It aired on Rai 1 from 13 October 2003 to 17 March 2017 in the access prime time range . From 26 December 2020 , the program returned to air on Saturday between the access prime time slot and the prime time slot . It is broadcast on public broadcaster Rai 1 , and it is also shown regularly on RAI International , RAIs international television service . The show was hosted in chronological order include : Paolo Bonolis ( October 2003 – May 2005 ) , Pupo ( September 2005 – March 2006 ) , Antonella Clerici ( March – June 2006 ) , Flavio Insinna ( September 2006 – June 2008 ) , Max Giusti ( September 2008 – June 2013 ) and again Flavio Insinna ( September 2013 - 17 March 2017 ) . The re-edition of 2020 sees the conduct of Carlo Conti , who had already conducted the episode of 1 April 2015 , exchanging the management of Leredità , a program that he presented at that time , with Flavio Insinna , to make an April fool to viewers . Gameplay . In this Italian version , there are 20 boxes ; each person holding a box lives in and represents of one of the twenty regions of Italy . The highest prize is €500,000 , but on some occasions there is a special €1,000,000 prize . In addition to small money prizes , like €0.50 , there are three gag prizes—usually items like salami , a years supply of soap , or stuffed animals like hippos and weasels ( from seasons 2006 to 2007 , a hippo prize took place instead of the €500 one ) . The box named Pacco X , and also a Pacco Y between September 2008 and June 2013 ( both meaning mystery package ) , may contain values between €0.02 and €200,000 ( see below ) . The box named Pacco Matto ( crazy box , February 2011 – June 2013 ) or La Matta ( the madwoman , from September 2013 onwards ) may contain one of the possibilities that may affect the progress of the game , positively or negatively , including doubling the top prize to €1,000,000 , or forcing the player to leave the game ( see below ) . The manager is known as Il Dottore ( the doctor ) and knows the content of the boxes . Therefore , sometimes his offers can give hints as to whether the contestants box contains a high amount of money . In order to give himself further chances , the manager sometimes decides to play Di pacco in pacco ( step by step ) when high prizes are still active . In Affari tuoi , to refuse an offer , instead of saying No Deal! , a contestant says , Rifiuto lofferta e vado avanti , meaning I refuse the offer and go on . To accept , a contestant says Accetto lofferta , meaning , Ill take the offer . Unlike the US version of the show , there is no button to push . ( In fact , international versions of Deal do not use a button and cover. ) Comparison with other versions . - The Spanish version of Deal or no Deal , ¡Allá tú! , aired by Mediasets Telecinco is exactly the same format as the Italian version , except that the boxes represent 20 of the 50 provinces of Spain . - The British version uses boxes like the Italian one . The syndicated US version uses 22 like the British version , but uses briefcases like the primetime NBC version , and is somewhat different in format . - The French version , À prendre ou à laisser , is different in format , but uses a box for each region concept . Top prize winners . The first winner of €1 million occurred on April 7 , 2006 , when Maria Giulia Tullo from Fossalto won €1,000,000 . Just ten days later , Vincenzo de Paola from Campobasso won €500,000 . They also received the Tapiro dOro ( Golden Tapir ) from the Canale 5 show Striscia la notizia , due to suspected fraud . On March 17 , 2012 , another million euro winning occurred to Gabriele Calvello , thanks to picking Raddoppia which doubles the top prize after opening Pacco Matto . Calvello , whose father died of cancer , decided to donate part of his winnings for cancer research . In addition , thirteen players won €500,000 in their boxes : - Roberto Pepi ( February 4 , 2004 ) - Francesca Madeddu ( December 16 , 2004 ) - Clarissa Meneghini ( December 19 , 2007 ) - Danilo Anderlini ( September 17 , 2008 ) - Francesca Cataldo ( October 22 , 2008 ) - Roberto Caterina ( November 23 , 2008 ) - Mara Ancelotti ( January 1 , 2009 ) - Stefania Menegazzo ( February 22 , 2010 ) - Mauro Ghiraldini ( November 21 , 2012 ) - Patrizia Montalbano ( January 25 , 2013 ) - Pierangela Zaccaria ( May 29 , 2014 ) - Alberto Bindi ( May 17 , 2016 ) - Alessandro Corona ( February 22 , 2017 ) On March 16 , 2013 , Cristiana Fraccon from Carugate accepted the offer of €500,000 , which is the biggest offer in the shows history , with €50 and the doubled top prize of €1,000,000 remaining . She had the latter in her box . Controversy . In the Fall of 2006 , Codacons , an Italian consumers organisation , pointed out how high prize boxes ( pacchi ) seemed to survive up to the end of the game in much more cases than would be statistically expected . Box values ( as of September 2016 to March 2017 ) . Note : Some small values will be replaced with joke prizes . Possible values of Pacco X ( as of September 2013 to June 2015 ) . Pacco X ( and also Pacco Y from September 2008 to June 2013 ) are unknown content boxes ( the mystery packages ) . At a certain point of the game , the contestant is asked to take one of the ten envelopes ( two of twenty until June 2013 ) contained into a poll and containing a prize from €0.02 to €200,000 . Since September 2015 there is no Pacco X content boxes . Brivido . Previously known as Pacco Matto ( crazy box ) until June 2013 , and La Matta ( the madwoman ) until June 2014 and Sgambetto ( trip ) until June 2016 . If the player has not sold his/her box yet and there are more than two unopened boxes , once Brivido ( shiver ) is opened , the player is asked to take one of six cards containing each of the following : - Cambio obbligato ( Forced swap ) : The player is forced to swap his/her box with one of other unopened boxes . - Niente special ( Nothing special ) : Special ( see below ) is no longer effective when the player reveals 3 blues in a row . - Pari o dispari ? ( Even or odd? ) : The player has to open either all even- or odd-numbered boxes in play . - Ci pensa lui ( Hell take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened Brivido . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Cambi con due ? ( Swap with two? ) : The player can either keep his/her box , or swap it with two of the other boxes . - Paccologia ( Parcelology ) : A screenshot from a past episode of the show with several remaining amounts is shown , and the player is asked to guess which was won . The doctor reveals one of the boxes containing a blue amount if the player guessed correctly . Brivido has a value of €200 if it is held by the player . The following were once appeared but were later replaced : - Raddoppia ( Double ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is doubled ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Apri un blu ( Open a blue ) : The doctor tells the player the number of a box containing a blue amount ( from €0.01 to €250 , except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . It is only effective if there are at least two blue amounts remaining . - Vedo e prevedo ( I see and predict ) : The player is asked to predict the content of the next box . The player wins an extra €1,000 for correct guess . - Ci penso io ( Ill take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened the scroll . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Provaci ( Try it ) : The player undergoes a skill test ( such as quizzes , riddles , etc. ) as requested by the doctor . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Mangia come parli ( Eat what you say ) : The player tests with a recipe or with the dishes offered in dialect . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Chiedo l’aumento ( I ask for the raise ) : The box will increase by 10% of its final payout . ( That increase does not include prizes or prize with the Game of the 3 boxes ) - Vinci 1.000 euro ( Win 1,000 euros ) : The player additionally wins €1,000 . - Vinci subito 5.000€ ( Win 5,000 euros now ) : The player additionally wins €5,000 . - Non scegli tu ( You dont choose ) : The player chooses one from 19 other box holders , and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . It is not effective if there are only two unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Come non detto ( As never said ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Proposta indecente ( Naughty proposal ) : The doctor makes a strategic proposal , for example offers to reveal the content of a box , but halving all prizes . - Scarta ( Discard ) : The player chooses one from other unopened boxes , and it is kept unopened until the doctor ( i.e . the banker ) decides to open it . It is only effective if there are at least four unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Oggettino ( Small object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a small object prize . - Oggettone ( Large object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a large object prize . - Svela la X ( Reveal the X ) : The value of Pacco X is revealed . - Conta ( Count ) : The player chooses the next box to open through a counting-out game , which starts from the first unopened box except for the one held by the player . - Vai o resti ( Go or stay ) : The player is asked to choose between going on or quitting the game immediately until the next time he/she is chosen as the player again . This could be useful when the player is in a bad situation such as there are only small amounts remaining . - Arrivederci ( Goodbye ) : The player leaves the game instantly and is replaced by one of the box holders . The new player is chosen by revealing the name of a region hidden in La busta nera ( the black envelope ) . - Pericolo Pubblico ( Audience risk ) : The player chooses one of the audience members and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . - Apri un pacco in più ( Open one more box ) : The player is asked to open one more box before the offer . - Dimezza ( Half ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is halved ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Chiama i vicini ( Call the neighbors ) : The player has to open all boxes held by the holders from the players region of origin ( North , Central or South ) . - Salvo ( Safe ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Lucchetto ( Lock ) : The player is asked to lock one of the remaining boxes and the prize contained in it will no longer be won . This box will be opened by the host only after the player decided whether to accept or reject the offer . Pacco Natale or Pacco Befana . During Christmas specials , one of the amounts ( €50,000 in 2012 , €10,000 in 2013 and 2014 ) is replaced with Pacco Natale ( Christmas box ) until Christmas Day or Pacco Befana ( Befana box ) after Christmas until Epiphany ( January 6 ) . Once the box is opened , the player chooses one of 10 gift boxes and wins the gift in the chosen box . Additional games . - Gioco dellindovino ( Game of the soothsayer , February – June 2012 ) - Gioco del superpacco ( Game of the superbox , September 2012 – June 2013 ) - Gioco dei 3 Pacchi ( Game of 3 boxes , September 2013 – June 2015 ) - Che jella sia ( What bad luck is , from September 2013 onwards ) - Special Trivia . On February 5 , 2007 , Flavio Insinna appeared with his models on the US version of Deal or No Deal via satellite , to wish a contestant from Sicily luck . The Sicilian , who appeared on the US show with his extended family , was also an avid viewer of Affari tuoi . |
[
"Pupo"
] | easy | Who was the presenter of Affari tuoi from 2005 to 2006? | /wiki/Affari_tuoi#P371#1 | Affari tuoi Affari tuoi ( ; ) is an Italian game show based upon the internationally popular game show Deal or No Deal . It aired on Rai 1 from 13 October 2003 to 17 March 2017 in the access prime time range . From 26 December 2020 , the program returned to air on Saturday between the access prime time slot and the prime time slot . It is broadcast on public broadcaster Rai 1 , and it is also shown regularly on RAI International , RAIs international television service . The show was hosted in chronological order include : Paolo Bonolis ( October 2003 – May 2005 ) , Pupo ( September 2005 – March 2006 ) , Antonella Clerici ( March – June 2006 ) , Flavio Insinna ( September 2006 – June 2008 ) , Max Giusti ( September 2008 – June 2013 ) and again Flavio Insinna ( September 2013 - 17 March 2017 ) . The re-edition of 2020 sees the conduct of Carlo Conti , who had already conducted the episode of 1 April 2015 , exchanging the management of Leredità , a program that he presented at that time , with Flavio Insinna , to make an April fool to viewers . Gameplay . In this Italian version , there are 20 boxes ; each person holding a box lives in and represents of one of the twenty regions of Italy . The highest prize is €500,000 , but on some occasions there is a special €1,000,000 prize . In addition to small money prizes , like €0.50 , there are three gag prizes—usually items like salami , a years supply of soap , or stuffed animals like hippos and weasels ( from seasons 2006 to 2007 , a hippo prize took place instead of the €500 one ) . The box named Pacco X , and also a Pacco Y between September 2008 and June 2013 ( both meaning mystery package ) , may contain values between €0.02 and €200,000 ( see below ) . The box named Pacco Matto ( crazy box , February 2011 – June 2013 ) or La Matta ( the madwoman , from September 2013 onwards ) may contain one of the possibilities that may affect the progress of the game , positively or negatively , including doubling the top prize to €1,000,000 , or forcing the player to leave the game ( see below ) . The manager is known as Il Dottore ( the doctor ) and knows the content of the boxes . Therefore , sometimes his offers can give hints as to whether the contestants box contains a high amount of money . In order to give himself further chances , the manager sometimes decides to play Di pacco in pacco ( step by step ) when high prizes are still active . In Affari tuoi , to refuse an offer , instead of saying No Deal! , a contestant says , Rifiuto lofferta e vado avanti , meaning I refuse the offer and go on . To accept , a contestant says Accetto lofferta , meaning , Ill take the offer . Unlike the US version of the show , there is no button to push . ( In fact , international versions of Deal do not use a button and cover. ) Comparison with other versions . - The Spanish version of Deal or no Deal , ¡Allá tú! , aired by Mediasets Telecinco is exactly the same format as the Italian version , except that the boxes represent 20 of the 50 provinces of Spain . - The British version uses boxes like the Italian one . The syndicated US version uses 22 like the British version , but uses briefcases like the primetime NBC version , and is somewhat different in format . - The French version , À prendre ou à laisser , is different in format , but uses a box for each region concept . Top prize winners . The first winner of €1 million occurred on April 7 , 2006 , when Maria Giulia Tullo from Fossalto won €1,000,000 . Just ten days later , Vincenzo de Paola from Campobasso won €500,000 . They also received the Tapiro dOro ( Golden Tapir ) from the Canale 5 show Striscia la notizia , due to suspected fraud . On March 17 , 2012 , another million euro winning occurred to Gabriele Calvello , thanks to picking Raddoppia which doubles the top prize after opening Pacco Matto . Calvello , whose father died of cancer , decided to donate part of his winnings for cancer research . In addition , thirteen players won €500,000 in their boxes : - Roberto Pepi ( February 4 , 2004 ) - Francesca Madeddu ( December 16 , 2004 ) - Clarissa Meneghini ( December 19 , 2007 ) - Danilo Anderlini ( September 17 , 2008 ) - Francesca Cataldo ( October 22 , 2008 ) - Roberto Caterina ( November 23 , 2008 ) - Mara Ancelotti ( January 1 , 2009 ) - Stefania Menegazzo ( February 22 , 2010 ) - Mauro Ghiraldini ( November 21 , 2012 ) - Patrizia Montalbano ( January 25 , 2013 ) - Pierangela Zaccaria ( May 29 , 2014 ) - Alberto Bindi ( May 17 , 2016 ) - Alessandro Corona ( February 22 , 2017 ) On March 16 , 2013 , Cristiana Fraccon from Carugate accepted the offer of €500,000 , which is the biggest offer in the shows history , with €50 and the doubled top prize of €1,000,000 remaining . She had the latter in her box . Controversy . In the Fall of 2006 , Codacons , an Italian consumers organisation , pointed out how high prize boxes ( pacchi ) seemed to survive up to the end of the game in much more cases than would be statistically expected . Box values ( as of September 2016 to March 2017 ) . Note : Some small values will be replaced with joke prizes . Possible values of Pacco X ( as of September 2013 to June 2015 ) . Pacco X ( and also Pacco Y from September 2008 to June 2013 ) are unknown content boxes ( the mystery packages ) . At a certain point of the game , the contestant is asked to take one of the ten envelopes ( two of twenty until June 2013 ) contained into a poll and containing a prize from €0.02 to €200,000 . Since September 2015 there is no Pacco X content boxes . Brivido . Previously known as Pacco Matto ( crazy box ) until June 2013 , and La Matta ( the madwoman ) until June 2014 and Sgambetto ( trip ) until June 2016 . If the player has not sold his/her box yet and there are more than two unopened boxes , once Brivido ( shiver ) is opened , the player is asked to take one of six cards containing each of the following : - Cambio obbligato ( Forced swap ) : The player is forced to swap his/her box with one of other unopened boxes . - Niente special ( Nothing special ) : Special ( see below ) is no longer effective when the player reveals 3 blues in a row . - Pari o dispari ? ( Even or odd? ) : The player has to open either all even- or odd-numbered boxes in play . - Ci pensa lui ( Hell take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened Brivido . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Cambi con due ? ( Swap with two? ) : The player can either keep his/her box , or swap it with two of the other boxes . - Paccologia ( Parcelology ) : A screenshot from a past episode of the show with several remaining amounts is shown , and the player is asked to guess which was won . The doctor reveals one of the boxes containing a blue amount if the player guessed correctly . Brivido has a value of €200 if it is held by the player . The following were once appeared but were later replaced : - Raddoppia ( Double ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is doubled ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Apri un blu ( Open a blue ) : The doctor tells the player the number of a box containing a blue amount ( from €0.01 to €250 , except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . It is only effective if there are at least two blue amounts remaining . - Vedo e prevedo ( I see and predict ) : The player is asked to predict the content of the next box . The player wins an extra €1,000 for correct guess . - Ci penso io ( Ill take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened the scroll . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Provaci ( Try it ) : The player undergoes a skill test ( such as quizzes , riddles , etc. ) as requested by the doctor . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Mangia come parli ( Eat what you say ) : The player tests with a recipe or with the dishes offered in dialect . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Chiedo l’aumento ( I ask for the raise ) : The box will increase by 10% of its final payout . ( That increase does not include prizes or prize with the Game of the 3 boxes ) - Vinci 1.000 euro ( Win 1,000 euros ) : The player additionally wins €1,000 . - Vinci subito 5.000€ ( Win 5,000 euros now ) : The player additionally wins €5,000 . - Non scegli tu ( You dont choose ) : The player chooses one from 19 other box holders , and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . It is not effective if there are only two unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Come non detto ( As never said ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Proposta indecente ( Naughty proposal ) : The doctor makes a strategic proposal , for example offers to reveal the content of a box , but halving all prizes . - Scarta ( Discard ) : The player chooses one from other unopened boxes , and it is kept unopened until the doctor ( i.e . the banker ) decides to open it . It is only effective if there are at least four unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Oggettino ( Small object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a small object prize . - Oggettone ( Large object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a large object prize . - Svela la X ( Reveal the X ) : The value of Pacco X is revealed . - Conta ( Count ) : The player chooses the next box to open through a counting-out game , which starts from the first unopened box except for the one held by the player . - Vai o resti ( Go or stay ) : The player is asked to choose between going on or quitting the game immediately until the next time he/she is chosen as the player again . This could be useful when the player is in a bad situation such as there are only small amounts remaining . - Arrivederci ( Goodbye ) : The player leaves the game instantly and is replaced by one of the box holders . The new player is chosen by revealing the name of a region hidden in La busta nera ( the black envelope ) . - Pericolo Pubblico ( Audience risk ) : The player chooses one of the audience members and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . - Apri un pacco in più ( Open one more box ) : The player is asked to open one more box before the offer . - Dimezza ( Half ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is halved ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Chiama i vicini ( Call the neighbors ) : The player has to open all boxes held by the holders from the players region of origin ( North , Central or South ) . - Salvo ( Safe ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Lucchetto ( Lock ) : The player is asked to lock one of the remaining boxes and the prize contained in it will no longer be won . This box will be opened by the host only after the player decided whether to accept or reject the offer . Pacco Natale or Pacco Befana . During Christmas specials , one of the amounts ( €50,000 in 2012 , €10,000 in 2013 and 2014 ) is replaced with Pacco Natale ( Christmas box ) until Christmas Day or Pacco Befana ( Befana box ) after Christmas until Epiphany ( January 6 ) . Once the box is opened , the player chooses one of 10 gift boxes and wins the gift in the chosen box . Additional games . - Gioco dellindovino ( Game of the soothsayer , February – June 2012 ) - Gioco del superpacco ( Game of the superbox , September 2012 – June 2013 ) - Gioco dei 3 Pacchi ( Game of 3 boxes , September 2013 – June 2015 ) - Che jella sia ( What bad luck is , from September 2013 onwards ) - Special Trivia . On February 5 , 2007 , Flavio Insinna appeared with his models on the US version of Deal or No Deal via satellite , to wish a contestant from Sicily luck . The Sicilian , who appeared on the US show with his extended family , was also an avid viewer of Affari tuoi . |
[
"Flavio Insinna"
] | easy | Affari tuoi was presented by whom from 2006 to 2008? | /wiki/Affari_tuoi#P371#2 | Affari tuoi Affari tuoi ( ; ) is an Italian game show based upon the internationally popular game show Deal or No Deal . It aired on Rai 1 from 13 October 2003 to 17 March 2017 in the access prime time range . From 26 December 2020 , the program returned to air on Saturday between the access prime time slot and the prime time slot . It is broadcast on public broadcaster Rai 1 , and it is also shown regularly on RAI International , RAIs international television service . The show was hosted in chronological order include : Paolo Bonolis ( October 2003 – May 2005 ) , Pupo ( September 2005 – March 2006 ) , Antonella Clerici ( March – June 2006 ) , Flavio Insinna ( September 2006 – June 2008 ) , Max Giusti ( September 2008 – June 2013 ) and again Flavio Insinna ( September 2013 - 17 March 2017 ) . The re-edition of 2020 sees the conduct of Carlo Conti , who had already conducted the episode of 1 April 2015 , exchanging the management of Leredità , a program that he presented at that time , with Flavio Insinna , to make an April fool to viewers . Gameplay . In this Italian version , there are 20 boxes ; each person holding a box lives in and represents of one of the twenty regions of Italy . The highest prize is €500,000 , but on some occasions there is a special €1,000,000 prize . In addition to small money prizes , like €0.50 , there are three gag prizes—usually items like salami , a years supply of soap , or stuffed animals like hippos and weasels ( from seasons 2006 to 2007 , a hippo prize took place instead of the €500 one ) . The box named Pacco X , and also a Pacco Y between September 2008 and June 2013 ( both meaning mystery package ) , may contain values between €0.02 and €200,000 ( see below ) . The box named Pacco Matto ( crazy box , February 2011 – June 2013 ) or La Matta ( the madwoman , from September 2013 onwards ) may contain one of the possibilities that may affect the progress of the game , positively or negatively , including doubling the top prize to €1,000,000 , or forcing the player to leave the game ( see below ) . The manager is known as Il Dottore ( the doctor ) and knows the content of the boxes . Therefore , sometimes his offers can give hints as to whether the contestants box contains a high amount of money . In order to give himself further chances , the manager sometimes decides to play Di pacco in pacco ( step by step ) when high prizes are still active . In Affari tuoi , to refuse an offer , instead of saying No Deal! , a contestant says , Rifiuto lofferta e vado avanti , meaning I refuse the offer and go on . To accept , a contestant says Accetto lofferta , meaning , Ill take the offer . Unlike the US version of the show , there is no button to push . ( In fact , international versions of Deal do not use a button and cover. ) Comparison with other versions . - The Spanish version of Deal or no Deal , ¡Allá tú! , aired by Mediasets Telecinco is exactly the same format as the Italian version , except that the boxes represent 20 of the 50 provinces of Spain . - The British version uses boxes like the Italian one . The syndicated US version uses 22 like the British version , but uses briefcases like the primetime NBC version , and is somewhat different in format . - The French version , À prendre ou à laisser , is different in format , but uses a box for each region concept . Top prize winners . The first winner of €1 million occurred on April 7 , 2006 , when Maria Giulia Tullo from Fossalto won €1,000,000 . Just ten days later , Vincenzo de Paola from Campobasso won €500,000 . They also received the Tapiro dOro ( Golden Tapir ) from the Canale 5 show Striscia la notizia , due to suspected fraud . On March 17 , 2012 , another million euro winning occurred to Gabriele Calvello , thanks to picking Raddoppia which doubles the top prize after opening Pacco Matto . Calvello , whose father died of cancer , decided to donate part of his winnings for cancer research . In addition , thirteen players won €500,000 in their boxes : - Roberto Pepi ( February 4 , 2004 ) - Francesca Madeddu ( December 16 , 2004 ) - Clarissa Meneghini ( December 19 , 2007 ) - Danilo Anderlini ( September 17 , 2008 ) - Francesca Cataldo ( October 22 , 2008 ) - Roberto Caterina ( November 23 , 2008 ) - Mara Ancelotti ( January 1 , 2009 ) - Stefania Menegazzo ( February 22 , 2010 ) - Mauro Ghiraldini ( November 21 , 2012 ) - Patrizia Montalbano ( January 25 , 2013 ) - Pierangela Zaccaria ( May 29 , 2014 ) - Alberto Bindi ( May 17 , 2016 ) - Alessandro Corona ( February 22 , 2017 ) On March 16 , 2013 , Cristiana Fraccon from Carugate accepted the offer of €500,000 , which is the biggest offer in the shows history , with €50 and the doubled top prize of €1,000,000 remaining . She had the latter in her box . Controversy . In the Fall of 2006 , Codacons , an Italian consumers organisation , pointed out how high prize boxes ( pacchi ) seemed to survive up to the end of the game in much more cases than would be statistically expected . Box values ( as of September 2016 to March 2017 ) . Note : Some small values will be replaced with joke prizes . Possible values of Pacco X ( as of September 2013 to June 2015 ) . Pacco X ( and also Pacco Y from September 2008 to June 2013 ) are unknown content boxes ( the mystery packages ) . At a certain point of the game , the contestant is asked to take one of the ten envelopes ( two of twenty until June 2013 ) contained into a poll and containing a prize from €0.02 to €200,000 . Since September 2015 there is no Pacco X content boxes . Brivido . Previously known as Pacco Matto ( crazy box ) until June 2013 , and La Matta ( the madwoman ) until June 2014 and Sgambetto ( trip ) until June 2016 . If the player has not sold his/her box yet and there are more than two unopened boxes , once Brivido ( shiver ) is opened , the player is asked to take one of six cards containing each of the following : - Cambio obbligato ( Forced swap ) : The player is forced to swap his/her box with one of other unopened boxes . - Niente special ( Nothing special ) : Special ( see below ) is no longer effective when the player reveals 3 blues in a row . - Pari o dispari ? ( Even or odd? ) : The player has to open either all even- or odd-numbered boxes in play . - Ci pensa lui ( Hell take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened Brivido . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Cambi con due ? ( Swap with two? ) : The player can either keep his/her box , or swap it with two of the other boxes . - Paccologia ( Parcelology ) : A screenshot from a past episode of the show with several remaining amounts is shown , and the player is asked to guess which was won . The doctor reveals one of the boxes containing a blue amount if the player guessed correctly . Brivido has a value of €200 if it is held by the player . The following were once appeared but were later replaced : - Raddoppia ( Double ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is doubled ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Apri un blu ( Open a blue ) : The doctor tells the player the number of a box containing a blue amount ( from €0.01 to €250 , except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . It is only effective if there are at least two blue amounts remaining . - Vedo e prevedo ( I see and predict ) : The player is asked to predict the content of the next box . The player wins an extra €1,000 for correct guess . - Ci penso io ( Ill take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened the scroll . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Provaci ( Try it ) : The player undergoes a skill test ( such as quizzes , riddles , etc. ) as requested by the doctor . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Mangia come parli ( Eat what you say ) : The player tests with a recipe or with the dishes offered in dialect . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Chiedo l’aumento ( I ask for the raise ) : The box will increase by 10% of its final payout . ( That increase does not include prizes or prize with the Game of the 3 boxes ) - Vinci 1.000 euro ( Win 1,000 euros ) : The player additionally wins €1,000 . - Vinci subito 5.000€ ( Win 5,000 euros now ) : The player additionally wins €5,000 . - Non scegli tu ( You dont choose ) : The player chooses one from 19 other box holders , and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . It is not effective if there are only two unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Come non detto ( As never said ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Proposta indecente ( Naughty proposal ) : The doctor makes a strategic proposal , for example offers to reveal the content of a box , but halving all prizes . - Scarta ( Discard ) : The player chooses one from other unopened boxes , and it is kept unopened until the doctor ( i.e . the banker ) decides to open it . It is only effective if there are at least four unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Oggettino ( Small object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a small object prize . - Oggettone ( Large object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a large object prize . - Svela la X ( Reveal the X ) : The value of Pacco X is revealed . - Conta ( Count ) : The player chooses the next box to open through a counting-out game , which starts from the first unopened box except for the one held by the player . - Vai o resti ( Go or stay ) : The player is asked to choose between going on or quitting the game immediately until the next time he/she is chosen as the player again . This could be useful when the player is in a bad situation such as there are only small amounts remaining . - Arrivederci ( Goodbye ) : The player leaves the game instantly and is replaced by one of the box holders . The new player is chosen by revealing the name of a region hidden in La busta nera ( the black envelope ) . - Pericolo Pubblico ( Audience risk ) : The player chooses one of the audience members and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . - Apri un pacco in più ( Open one more box ) : The player is asked to open one more box before the offer . - Dimezza ( Half ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is halved ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Chiama i vicini ( Call the neighbors ) : The player has to open all boxes held by the holders from the players region of origin ( North , Central or South ) . - Salvo ( Safe ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Lucchetto ( Lock ) : The player is asked to lock one of the remaining boxes and the prize contained in it will no longer be won . This box will be opened by the host only after the player decided whether to accept or reject the offer . Pacco Natale or Pacco Befana . During Christmas specials , one of the amounts ( €50,000 in 2012 , €10,000 in 2013 and 2014 ) is replaced with Pacco Natale ( Christmas box ) until Christmas Day or Pacco Befana ( Befana box ) after Christmas until Epiphany ( January 6 ) . Once the box is opened , the player chooses one of 10 gift boxes and wins the gift in the chosen box . Additional games . - Gioco dellindovino ( Game of the soothsayer , February – June 2012 ) - Gioco del superpacco ( Game of the superbox , September 2012 – June 2013 ) - Gioco dei 3 Pacchi ( Game of 3 boxes , September 2013 – June 2015 ) - Che jella sia ( What bad luck is , from September 2013 onwards ) - Special Trivia . On February 5 , 2007 , Flavio Insinna appeared with his models on the US version of Deal or No Deal via satellite , to wish a contestant from Sicily luck . The Sicilian , who appeared on the US show with his extended family , was also an avid viewer of Affari tuoi . |
[
"Max Giusti"
] | easy | Affari tuoi was presented by whom from 2008 to 2013? | /wiki/Affari_tuoi#P371#3 | Affari tuoi Affari tuoi ( ; ) is an Italian game show based upon the internationally popular game show Deal or No Deal . It aired on Rai 1 from 13 October 2003 to 17 March 2017 in the access prime time range . From 26 December 2020 , the program returned to air on Saturday between the access prime time slot and the prime time slot . It is broadcast on public broadcaster Rai 1 , and it is also shown regularly on RAI International , RAIs international television service . The show was hosted in chronological order include : Paolo Bonolis ( October 2003 – May 2005 ) , Pupo ( September 2005 – March 2006 ) , Antonella Clerici ( March – June 2006 ) , Flavio Insinna ( September 2006 – June 2008 ) , Max Giusti ( September 2008 – June 2013 ) and again Flavio Insinna ( September 2013 - 17 March 2017 ) . The re-edition of 2020 sees the conduct of Carlo Conti , who had already conducted the episode of 1 April 2015 , exchanging the management of Leredità , a program that he presented at that time , with Flavio Insinna , to make an April fool to viewers . Gameplay . In this Italian version , there are 20 boxes ; each person holding a box lives in and represents of one of the twenty regions of Italy . The highest prize is €500,000 , but on some occasions there is a special €1,000,000 prize . In addition to small money prizes , like €0.50 , there are three gag prizes—usually items like salami , a years supply of soap , or stuffed animals like hippos and weasels ( from seasons 2006 to 2007 , a hippo prize took place instead of the €500 one ) . The box named Pacco X , and also a Pacco Y between September 2008 and June 2013 ( both meaning mystery package ) , may contain values between €0.02 and €200,000 ( see below ) . The box named Pacco Matto ( crazy box , February 2011 – June 2013 ) or La Matta ( the madwoman , from September 2013 onwards ) may contain one of the possibilities that may affect the progress of the game , positively or negatively , including doubling the top prize to €1,000,000 , or forcing the player to leave the game ( see below ) . The manager is known as Il Dottore ( the doctor ) and knows the content of the boxes . Therefore , sometimes his offers can give hints as to whether the contestants box contains a high amount of money . In order to give himself further chances , the manager sometimes decides to play Di pacco in pacco ( step by step ) when high prizes are still active . In Affari tuoi , to refuse an offer , instead of saying No Deal! , a contestant says , Rifiuto lofferta e vado avanti , meaning I refuse the offer and go on . To accept , a contestant says Accetto lofferta , meaning , Ill take the offer . Unlike the US version of the show , there is no button to push . ( In fact , international versions of Deal do not use a button and cover. ) Comparison with other versions . - The Spanish version of Deal or no Deal , ¡Allá tú! , aired by Mediasets Telecinco is exactly the same format as the Italian version , except that the boxes represent 20 of the 50 provinces of Spain . - The British version uses boxes like the Italian one . The syndicated US version uses 22 like the British version , but uses briefcases like the primetime NBC version , and is somewhat different in format . - The French version , À prendre ou à laisser , is different in format , but uses a box for each region concept . Top prize winners . The first winner of €1 million occurred on April 7 , 2006 , when Maria Giulia Tullo from Fossalto won €1,000,000 . Just ten days later , Vincenzo de Paola from Campobasso won €500,000 . They also received the Tapiro dOro ( Golden Tapir ) from the Canale 5 show Striscia la notizia , due to suspected fraud . On March 17 , 2012 , another million euro winning occurred to Gabriele Calvello , thanks to picking Raddoppia which doubles the top prize after opening Pacco Matto . Calvello , whose father died of cancer , decided to donate part of his winnings for cancer research . In addition , thirteen players won €500,000 in their boxes : - Roberto Pepi ( February 4 , 2004 ) - Francesca Madeddu ( December 16 , 2004 ) - Clarissa Meneghini ( December 19 , 2007 ) - Danilo Anderlini ( September 17 , 2008 ) - Francesca Cataldo ( October 22 , 2008 ) - Roberto Caterina ( November 23 , 2008 ) - Mara Ancelotti ( January 1 , 2009 ) - Stefania Menegazzo ( February 22 , 2010 ) - Mauro Ghiraldini ( November 21 , 2012 ) - Patrizia Montalbano ( January 25 , 2013 ) - Pierangela Zaccaria ( May 29 , 2014 ) - Alberto Bindi ( May 17 , 2016 ) - Alessandro Corona ( February 22 , 2017 ) On March 16 , 2013 , Cristiana Fraccon from Carugate accepted the offer of €500,000 , which is the biggest offer in the shows history , with €50 and the doubled top prize of €1,000,000 remaining . She had the latter in her box . Controversy . In the Fall of 2006 , Codacons , an Italian consumers organisation , pointed out how high prize boxes ( pacchi ) seemed to survive up to the end of the game in much more cases than would be statistically expected . Box values ( as of September 2016 to March 2017 ) . Note : Some small values will be replaced with joke prizes . Possible values of Pacco X ( as of September 2013 to June 2015 ) . Pacco X ( and also Pacco Y from September 2008 to June 2013 ) are unknown content boxes ( the mystery packages ) . At a certain point of the game , the contestant is asked to take one of the ten envelopes ( two of twenty until June 2013 ) contained into a poll and containing a prize from €0.02 to €200,000 . Since September 2015 there is no Pacco X content boxes . Brivido . Previously known as Pacco Matto ( crazy box ) until June 2013 , and La Matta ( the madwoman ) until June 2014 and Sgambetto ( trip ) until June 2016 . If the player has not sold his/her box yet and there are more than two unopened boxes , once Brivido ( shiver ) is opened , the player is asked to take one of six cards containing each of the following : - Cambio obbligato ( Forced swap ) : The player is forced to swap his/her box with one of other unopened boxes . - Niente special ( Nothing special ) : Special ( see below ) is no longer effective when the player reveals 3 blues in a row . - Pari o dispari ? ( Even or odd? ) : The player has to open either all even- or odd-numbered boxes in play . - Ci pensa lui ( Hell take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened Brivido . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Cambi con due ? ( Swap with two? ) : The player can either keep his/her box , or swap it with two of the other boxes . - Paccologia ( Parcelology ) : A screenshot from a past episode of the show with several remaining amounts is shown , and the player is asked to guess which was won . The doctor reveals one of the boxes containing a blue amount if the player guessed correctly . Brivido has a value of €200 if it is held by the player . The following were once appeared but were later replaced : - Raddoppia ( Double ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is doubled ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Apri un blu ( Open a blue ) : The doctor tells the player the number of a box containing a blue amount ( from €0.01 to €250 , except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . It is only effective if there are at least two blue amounts remaining . - Vedo e prevedo ( I see and predict ) : The player is asked to predict the content of the next box . The player wins an extra €1,000 for correct guess . - Ci penso io ( Ill take care of it ) : The player will temporarily leave the place , and was replaced in the choice of the next 3 boxes with the box holder who opened the scroll . If there are any offers within those 3 box picks , the box holder has to decide whether the player should take it . - Provaci ( Try it ) : The player undergoes a skill test ( such as quizzes , riddles , etc. ) as requested by the doctor . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Mangia come parli ( Eat what you say ) : The player tests with a recipe or with the dishes offered in dialect . The player wins an extra €1,000 if the test is passed . - Chiedo l’aumento ( I ask for the raise ) : The box will increase by 10% of its final payout . ( That increase does not include prizes or prize with the Game of the 3 boxes ) - Vinci 1.000 euro ( Win 1,000 euros ) : The player additionally wins €1,000 . - Vinci subito 5.000€ ( Win 5,000 euros now ) : The player additionally wins €5,000 . - Non scegli tu ( You dont choose ) : The player chooses one from 19 other box holders , and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . It is not effective if there are only two unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Come non detto ( As never said ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Proposta indecente ( Naughty proposal ) : The doctor makes a strategic proposal , for example offers to reveal the content of a box , but halving all prizes . - Scarta ( Discard ) : The player chooses one from other unopened boxes , and it is kept unopened until the doctor ( i.e . the banker ) decides to open it . It is only effective if there are at least four unopened boxes after Pacco Matto is opened . - Oggettino ( Small object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a small object prize . - Oggettone ( Large object ) : The player wins an additional €50 and a large object prize . - Svela la X ( Reveal the X ) : The value of Pacco X is revealed . - Conta ( Count ) : The player chooses the next box to open through a counting-out game , which starts from the first unopened box except for the one held by the player . - Vai o resti ( Go or stay ) : The player is asked to choose between going on or quitting the game immediately until the next time he/she is chosen as the player again . This could be useful when the player is in a bad situation such as there are only small amounts remaining . - Arrivederci ( Goodbye ) : The player leaves the game instantly and is replaced by one of the box holders . The new player is chosen by revealing the name of a region hidden in La busta nera ( the black envelope ) . - Pericolo Pubblico ( Audience risk ) : The player chooses one of the audience members and the chosen one chooses the next box to open . - Apri un pacco in più ( Open one more box ) : The player is asked to open one more box before the offer . - Dimezza ( Half ) : The biggest unrevealed amount is halved ( except for Pacco X and Pacco Y ) . - Chiama i vicini ( Call the neighbors ) : The player has to open all boxes held by the holders from the players region of origin ( North , Central or South ) . - Salvo ( Safe ) : Nothing happens and the game goes on . - Lucchetto ( Lock ) : The player is asked to lock one of the remaining boxes and the prize contained in it will no longer be won . This box will be opened by the host only after the player decided whether to accept or reject the offer . Pacco Natale or Pacco Befana . During Christmas specials , one of the amounts ( €50,000 in 2012 , €10,000 in 2013 and 2014 ) is replaced with Pacco Natale ( Christmas box ) until Christmas Day or Pacco Befana ( Befana box ) after Christmas until Epiphany ( January 6 ) . Once the box is opened , the player chooses one of 10 gift boxes and wins the gift in the chosen box . Additional games . - Gioco dellindovino ( Game of the soothsayer , February – June 2012 ) - Gioco del superpacco ( Game of the superbox , September 2012 – June 2013 ) - Gioco dei 3 Pacchi ( Game of 3 boxes , September 2013 – June 2015 ) - Che jella sia ( What bad luck is , from September 2013 onwards ) - Special Trivia . On February 5 , 2007 , Flavio Insinna appeared with his models on the US version of Deal or No Deal via satellite , to wish a contestant from Sicily luck . The Sicilian , who appeared on the US show with his extended family , was also an avid viewer of Affari tuoi . |
[
"San Juan Jabloteh"
] | easy | Kelvin Jack played for which team from 2001 to 2003? | /wiki/Kelvin_Jack#P54#0 | Kelvin Jack Kelvin Kyron Jack CM ( born 29 April 1976 ) is a Trinidadian former professional football goalkeeper who is currently goalkeeping coach at Dover Athletic . He earned 33 caps for Trinidad and Tobago between 1997 and 2006 , playing for his country in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Football career . Kelvin Jack started his career playing in Trinidad and Tobago with hometown club Trincity United and Joe Public before earning a scholarship to join Yavapai College in Arizona . While a student there he helped the Roughriders win the NJCAA title in his first year and reach the 3rd position the following year . After finishing college he went to Norway for trials before returning to Trinidad , playing most notably with San Juan Jabloteh for two seasons . Jack started his career in English football with Reading in 2004 , but did not make any appearances for the club . Jack was later sold to Scottish Premier League team Dundee , where he stayed despite their relegation to the Scottish First Division . Jack was a regular member of the Trinidad and Tobago national football team during the qualifying campaign for the 2006 FIFA World Cup , and travelled to Germany as coach Leo Beenhakkers first-choice goalkeeper . He was expected to play in their first game against Sweden but sustained a calf injury in the warm up , enabling Shaka Hislop to step in . Jack , who would later describe the experience as the saddest day of his life , also missed out on playing in the teams second match against England . Jack did go on to play in the Soca Warriors final group game against Paraguay , which ended in a 2–0 defeat in which Brent Sancho scored an own goal . The Paraguay match was his last international match to date . Following the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Jack signed for Gillingham and made his debut in a 2–1 home win over Huddersfield Town on 5 August . However , in part due to injuries , he made only eleven appearances for the Gills . In February 2008 , Jack joined Barnsley on trial but broke his leg in what was described as a freak training ground accident . It was announced on 7 May 2008 that he had been released by Gillingham . He had since been training with English lower league clubs Aldershot Town and Southend United in a bid to regain his fitness . In February 2010 , Jack joined Southend United on a short-term contract to act as back-up whilst regular reserve goalkeeper Ian Joyce left on trial with an American club . Without making any appearances he was released at the end of the season on 11 May , and was signed to a one-year contract by Darlington manager Simon Davey for the 2010–11 season . In October , unable to secure a first team place , he joined Kettering Town on a three-month loan . He was released by Darlington in January 2011 . In a bid to keep up his fitness , Jack spent the 2011 pre-season training with Isthmian League Division One South side Maidstone United and appeared in two of the clubs pre-season friendlies . Shortly after on 31 August 2011 Jack made a one-off appearance for Isthmian League Premier Division side AFC Hornchurch , playing in a 2–1 loss away to Lowestoft Town after first-team goalkeeper Darren Behcet picked up an injury . On 11 November 2011 it was announced Jack had again joined up with Maidstone United to cover first-team goalkeeper Charlie Mitten after he suffered a hip injury . He made his debut a day later in a 4–1 win against Ramsgate and made a total of three appearances for the club . He returned to his former club Kettering Town in March 2012 to provide cover for the injured Laurie Walker , making his debut in their 1–3 defeat to Stockport County on 31 March . Coaching career . Dover Athletic . Jack joined the coaching staff of National League side Dover Athletic in the summer of 2020 , although he worked behind the scenes until it was announced in early January 2021 . He joined a coaching setup consisting of manager Andy Hessenthaler assisted by Jacks former Gillingham teammate Nicky Southall as well as Liam Ridgewell . Personal life . Jack married his longtime girlfriend Shellie-Ann Auguste on 7 June 2007 . External links . - Kelvin Jack at FIFA.com - Interview with Kelvin Jack for The Warrior Nation , courtesy of socawarriors.net |
[
""
] | easy | Which team did the player Kelvin Jack belong to from 2004 to 2006? | /wiki/Kelvin_Jack#P54#1 | Kelvin Jack Kelvin Kyron Jack CM ( born 29 April 1976 ) is a Trinidadian former professional football goalkeeper who is currently goalkeeping coach at Dover Athletic . He earned 33 caps for Trinidad and Tobago between 1997 and 2006 , playing for his country in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Football career . Kelvin Jack started his career playing in Trinidad and Tobago with hometown club Trincity United and Joe Public before earning a scholarship to join Yavapai College in Arizona . While a student there he helped the Roughriders win the NJCAA title in his first year and reach the 3rd position the following year . After finishing college he went to Norway for trials before returning to Trinidad , playing most notably with San Juan Jabloteh for two seasons . Jack started his career in English football with Reading in 2004 , but did not make any appearances for the club . Jack was later sold to Scottish Premier League team Dundee , where he stayed despite their relegation to the Scottish First Division . Jack was a regular member of the Trinidad and Tobago national football team during the qualifying campaign for the 2006 FIFA World Cup , and travelled to Germany as coach Leo Beenhakkers first-choice goalkeeper . He was expected to play in their first game against Sweden but sustained a calf injury in the warm up , enabling Shaka Hislop to step in . Jack , who would later describe the experience as the saddest day of his life , also missed out on playing in the teams second match against England . Jack did go on to play in the Soca Warriors final group game against Paraguay , which ended in a 2–0 defeat in which Brent Sancho scored an own goal . The Paraguay match was his last international match to date . Following the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Jack signed for Gillingham and made his debut in a 2–1 home win over Huddersfield Town on 5 August . However , in part due to injuries , he made only eleven appearances for the Gills . In February 2008 , Jack joined Barnsley on trial but broke his leg in what was described as a freak training ground accident . It was announced on 7 May 2008 that he had been released by Gillingham . He had since been training with English lower league clubs Aldershot Town and Southend United in a bid to regain his fitness . In February 2010 , Jack joined Southend United on a short-term contract to act as back-up whilst regular reserve goalkeeper Ian Joyce left on trial with an American club . Without making any appearances he was released at the end of the season on 11 May , and was signed to a one-year contract by Darlington manager Simon Davey for the 2010–11 season . In October , unable to secure a first team place , he joined Kettering Town on a three-month loan . He was released by Darlington in January 2011 . In a bid to keep up his fitness , Jack spent the 2011 pre-season training with Isthmian League Division One South side Maidstone United and appeared in two of the clubs pre-season friendlies . Shortly after on 31 August 2011 Jack made a one-off appearance for Isthmian League Premier Division side AFC Hornchurch , playing in a 2–1 loss away to Lowestoft Town after first-team goalkeeper Darren Behcet picked up an injury . On 11 November 2011 it was announced Jack had again joined up with Maidstone United to cover first-team goalkeeper Charlie Mitten after he suffered a hip injury . He made his debut a day later in a 4–1 win against Ramsgate and made a total of three appearances for the club . He returned to his former club Kettering Town in March 2012 to provide cover for the injured Laurie Walker , making his debut in their 1–3 defeat to Stockport County on 31 March . Coaching career . Dover Athletic . Jack joined the coaching staff of National League side Dover Athletic in the summer of 2020 , although he worked behind the scenes until it was announced in early January 2021 . He joined a coaching setup consisting of manager Andy Hessenthaler assisted by Jacks former Gillingham teammate Nicky Southall as well as Liam Ridgewell . Personal life . Jack married his longtime girlfriend Shellie-Ann Auguste on 7 June 2007 . External links . - Kelvin Jack at FIFA.com - Interview with Kelvin Jack for The Warrior Nation , courtesy of socawarriors.net |
[
"Gillingham"
] | easy | Which team did Kelvin Jack play for from 2006 to 2008? | /wiki/Kelvin_Jack#P54#2 | Kelvin Jack Kelvin Kyron Jack CM ( born 29 April 1976 ) is a Trinidadian former professional football goalkeeper who is currently goalkeeping coach at Dover Athletic . He earned 33 caps for Trinidad and Tobago between 1997 and 2006 , playing for his country in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Football career . Kelvin Jack started his career playing in Trinidad and Tobago with hometown club Trincity United and Joe Public before earning a scholarship to join Yavapai College in Arizona . While a student there he helped the Roughriders win the NJCAA title in his first year and reach the 3rd position the following year . After finishing college he went to Norway for trials before returning to Trinidad , playing most notably with San Juan Jabloteh for two seasons . Jack started his career in English football with Reading in 2004 , but did not make any appearances for the club . Jack was later sold to Scottish Premier League team Dundee , where he stayed despite their relegation to the Scottish First Division . Jack was a regular member of the Trinidad and Tobago national football team during the qualifying campaign for the 2006 FIFA World Cup , and travelled to Germany as coach Leo Beenhakkers first-choice goalkeeper . He was expected to play in their first game against Sweden but sustained a calf injury in the warm up , enabling Shaka Hislop to step in . Jack , who would later describe the experience as the saddest day of his life , also missed out on playing in the teams second match against England . Jack did go on to play in the Soca Warriors final group game against Paraguay , which ended in a 2–0 defeat in which Brent Sancho scored an own goal . The Paraguay match was his last international match to date . Following the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Jack signed for Gillingham and made his debut in a 2–1 home win over Huddersfield Town on 5 August . However , in part due to injuries , he made only eleven appearances for the Gills . In February 2008 , Jack joined Barnsley on trial but broke his leg in what was described as a freak training ground accident . It was announced on 7 May 2008 that he had been released by Gillingham . He had since been training with English lower league clubs Aldershot Town and Southend United in a bid to regain his fitness . In February 2010 , Jack joined Southend United on a short-term contract to act as back-up whilst regular reserve goalkeeper Ian Joyce left on trial with an American club . Without making any appearances he was released at the end of the season on 11 May , and was signed to a one-year contract by Darlington manager Simon Davey for the 2010–11 season . In October , unable to secure a first team place , he joined Kettering Town on a three-month loan . He was released by Darlington in January 2011 . In a bid to keep up his fitness , Jack spent the 2011 pre-season training with Isthmian League Division One South side Maidstone United and appeared in two of the clubs pre-season friendlies . Shortly after on 31 August 2011 Jack made a one-off appearance for Isthmian League Premier Division side AFC Hornchurch , playing in a 2–1 loss away to Lowestoft Town after first-team goalkeeper Darren Behcet picked up an injury . On 11 November 2011 it was announced Jack had again joined up with Maidstone United to cover first-team goalkeeper Charlie Mitten after he suffered a hip injury . He made his debut a day later in a 4–1 win against Ramsgate and made a total of three appearances for the club . He returned to his former club Kettering Town in March 2012 to provide cover for the injured Laurie Walker , making his debut in their 1–3 defeat to Stockport County on 31 March . Coaching career . Dover Athletic . Jack joined the coaching staff of National League side Dover Athletic in the summer of 2020 , although he worked behind the scenes until it was announced in early January 2021 . He joined a coaching setup consisting of manager Andy Hessenthaler assisted by Jacks former Gillingham teammate Nicky Southall as well as Liam Ridgewell . Personal life . Jack married his longtime girlfriend Shellie-Ann Auguste on 7 June 2007 . External links . - Kelvin Jack at FIFA.com - Interview with Kelvin Jack for The Warrior Nation , courtesy of socawarriors.net |
[
"Darlington",
"Kettering Town"
] | easy | Kelvin Jack played for which team from 2010 to 2011? | /wiki/Kelvin_Jack#P54#3 | Kelvin Jack Kelvin Kyron Jack CM ( born 29 April 1976 ) is a Trinidadian former professional football goalkeeper who is currently goalkeeping coach at Dover Athletic . He earned 33 caps for Trinidad and Tobago between 1997 and 2006 , playing for his country in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Football career . Kelvin Jack started his career playing in Trinidad and Tobago with hometown club Trincity United and Joe Public before earning a scholarship to join Yavapai College in Arizona . While a student there he helped the Roughriders win the NJCAA title in his first year and reach the 3rd position the following year . After finishing college he went to Norway for trials before returning to Trinidad , playing most notably with San Juan Jabloteh for two seasons . Jack started his career in English football with Reading in 2004 , but did not make any appearances for the club . Jack was later sold to Scottish Premier League team Dundee , where he stayed despite their relegation to the Scottish First Division . Jack was a regular member of the Trinidad and Tobago national football team during the qualifying campaign for the 2006 FIFA World Cup , and travelled to Germany as coach Leo Beenhakkers first-choice goalkeeper . He was expected to play in their first game against Sweden but sustained a calf injury in the warm up , enabling Shaka Hislop to step in . Jack , who would later describe the experience as the saddest day of his life , also missed out on playing in the teams second match against England . Jack did go on to play in the Soca Warriors final group game against Paraguay , which ended in a 2–0 defeat in which Brent Sancho scored an own goal . The Paraguay match was his last international match to date . Following the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Jack signed for Gillingham and made his debut in a 2–1 home win over Huddersfield Town on 5 August . However , in part due to injuries , he made only eleven appearances for the Gills . In February 2008 , Jack joined Barnsley on trial but broke his leg in what was described as a freak training ground accident . It was announced on 7 May 2008 that he had been released by Gillingham . He had since been training with English lower league clubs Aldershot Town and Southend United in a bid to regain his fitness . In February 2010 , Jack joined Southend United on a short-term contract to act as back-up whilst regular reserve goalkeeper Ian Joyce left on trial with an American club . Without making any appearances he was released at the end of the season on 11 May , and was signed to a one-year contract by Darlington manager Simon Davey for the 2010–11 season . In October , unable to secure a first team place , he joined Kettering Town on a three-month loan . He was released by Darlington in January 2011 . In a bid to keep up his fitness , Jack spent the 2011 pre-season training with Isthmian League Division One South side Maidstone United and appeared in two of the clubs pre-season friendlies . Shortly after on 31 August 2011 Jack made a one-off appearance for Isthmian League Premier Division side AFC Hornchurch , playing in a 2–1 loss away to Lowestoft Town after first-team goalkeeper Darren Behcet picked up an injury . On 11 November 2011 it was announced Jack had again joined up with Maidstone United to cover first-team goalkeeper Charlie Mitten after he suffered a hip injury . He made his debut a day later in a 4–1 win against Ramsgate and made a total of three appearances for the club . He returned to his former club Kettering Town in March 2012 to provide cover for the injured Laurie Walker , making his debut in their 1–3 defeat to Stockport County on 31 March . Coaching career . Dover Athletic . Jack joined the coaching staff of National League side Dover Athletic in the summer of 2020 , although he worked behind the scenes until it was announced in early January 2021 . He joined a coaching setup consisting of manager Andy Hessenthaler assisted by Jacks former Gillingham teammate Nicky Southall as well as Liam Ridgewell . Personal life . Jack married his longtime girlfriend Shellie-Ann Auguste on 7 June 2007 . External links . - Kelvin Jack at FIFA.com - Interview with Kelvin Jack for The Warrior Nation , courtesy of socawarriors.net |
[
"Franco Castellazzi"
] | easy | Who was the chair of Lega Lombarda from 1989 to 1991? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#0 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Francesco Speroni"
] | easy | Who was the head of Lega Lombarda from 1991 to 1993? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#1 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Roberto Calderoli"
] | easy | Who was the chair of Lega Lombarda from 1993 to 1995? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#2 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Giuseppe Leoni"
] | easy | Who was the head of Lega Lombarda from 1995 to 1999? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#3 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Roberto Castelli"
] | easy | Who was the chair of Lega Lombarda from 2002 to 2012? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#4 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Giancarlo Giorgetti"
] | easy | Who was the head of Lega Lombarda from 2012 to 2013? | /wiki/Lega_Lombarda#P488#5 | Lega Lombarda Lega Lombarda ( English translation : Lombard League , LL ) , whose complete name is Lega Lombarda–Lega Nord ( Lombard League–Northern League ) , is a regionalist political party active in Lombardy . It is one of the national sections of Lega Nord ( LN ) and , along with Liga Veneta , forms the bulk of the federal party , which has been led by Lombards since its foundation . The party is currently led by Paolo Grimoldi as national secretary and Giacomo Stucchi as national president . Leading members include Matteo Salvini ( federal secretary of Lega Nord ) , Attilio Fontana ( President of Lombardy ) , Umberto Bossi , Roberto Maroni , Roberto Calderoli , Giancarlo Giorgetti , Gian Marco Centinaio , Francesco Speroni and Roberto Castelli . History . Foundation and formation of Lega Nord . Lega Lombarda was officially founded on 12 April 1984 by Umberto Bossi , who used the resonance of the name of the historical Lega Lombarda when choosing the name . Originally Lega Autonomista Lombarda ( Lombard Autonomist League , LAL ) , the party took the current name in 1986 . At its electoral debut in the 1987 general election , Lega Lombarda gained 2.6% of the vote in Lombardy . Bossi was elected to the Senate and Giuseppe Leoni to the Chamber of Deputies . The party participated in the 1989 European Parliament election as the leading member of the coalition named Lega Lombarda – Alleanza Nord , obtaining 8.1% in Lombardy and two MEPs elected ( Francesco Speroni and Luigi Moretti ) . In 1989–1990 the LL took part in the process of federating the Northern regionalist parties , ahead of the regional elections . In February 1991 it was merged into Lega Nord ( LN ) and since then it has been the national section of the LN in Lombardy . Bossi was subsequently elected federal secretary of the LN , while maintaining the role of national secretary of the LL for a while . Negri , Calderoli , Giorgetti . In 1993 Luigi Negri took over as secretary , replacing Bossi , who had to choose between national and federal office . After the 1994 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi I Cabinet as ministers : Roberto Maroni ( who had become the federal partys number two , after Bossi ) , Vito Gnutti and Speroni . The break-up of the coalition supporting the government led Negri and others to defect to the Federalist Italian League , while Maroni , despite disagreements with Bossi , chose to stay in the party . Negri was replaced as secretary by Roberto Calderoli , who , as president , had evicted him from the party , despite being his brother-in-law . Calderoli led the party to its best result up to that point in the 1996 general election , when it gained 25.5% . After the 2000 regional election , the party joined the regional government and has since been a member of it , with no exceptions . After the 2001 general election , three LL members joined Berlusconi II Cabinet as ministers : Bossi , Maroni and Roberto Castelli . In 2002 Calderoli was replaced by Giancarlo Giorgetti , while Castelli became president . In the 2010 regional election the party gained 26.2% , its best result so far . Leadership of Salvini . In 2002 Giorgetti decided to step down from national secretary and the party elected its new leadership at a congress in June . Matteo Salvini ran as candidate of the faction around Roberto Maroni , while Cesarino Monti was the candidate of the old guard and of Bossis loyalists . Salvini won the election with 74% of the votes , that is to say the support of 403 delegates out of 532 . Soon after , Giorgetti was appointed national president . In July 2012 Maroni was elected federal secretary of the LN by its federal congress . The Lombard delegates elected six members to the federal council : Giacomo Stucchi , Paolo Grimoldi , Andrea Mascetti , Gianni Fava , Simona Bordonali , and , on behalf of the minority , Marco Desiderati . In the 2013 regional election Maroni was elected President of Lombardy with 42.8% of the vote . Leadership of Grimoldi . In November 2013 Salvini succeeded to Maroni as Lega Nords federal secretary and , later on , he appointed a federal commissioner , Stefano Borghesi , to fill the post . Borghesi was later replaced by Grimoldi . In November 2015 Grimoldi was elected national secretary of the party . In May 2017 , after Salvinis re-election as LN federal secretary , five LL members ( Bordonali , Fabrizio Cecchetti , Giulio De Capitani , Simona Pergreffi and Jacopo Vignati ) were elected to the federal council with Salvini , a sixth ( Giorgetti ) was elected as an independent and a seventh ( Gianni Fava ) on behalf of the minority . In December Stucchi was elected president of LL , replacing Giorgetti , who whose more and more involved at the federal level as deputy of Salvini . In the 2018 regional election LLs Attilio Fontana was elected President of Lombardy with 49.8% of the vote and the party obtained 29.4% . Popular support . The party has its heartland in the northern and mountain provinces of Lombardy . In the 2018 regional election it won 45.8% in Sondrio , 34.4% in Brescia , 36.7% in Bergamo , 33.4% in Lecco , 32.6% in Como and 30.9% in Varese ( the partys cradle and original stronghold ) . However , the party obtained good results also in southern provinces , notably 33.4% in Lodi and 33.0% in Cremona . The electoral results of Lega Lombarda in the region since 1989 are shown in the tables below . Leadership . <onlyinclude> - National Secretary : Umberto Bossi ( 1984–1993 ) , Luigi Negri ( 1993–1995 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1995–2002 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2002–2012 ) , Matteo Salvini ( 2012–2014 ) , Stefano Borghesi ( federal commissioner , 2014–2015 ) , Paolo Grimoldi ( 2015–present ) - National President : Augusto Arizzi ( 1986–1987 ) , Silvana Bazzan ( 1987–1989 ) , Franco Castellazzi ( 1989–1991 ) , Francesco Speroni ( 1991–1993 ) , Roberto Calderoli ( 1993–1995 ) , Giuseppe Leoni ( 1995–1999 ) , Stefano Galli ( 1999–2002 ) , Roberto Castelli ( 2002–2012 ) , Giancarlo Giorgetti ( 2012–2017 ) , Giacomo Stucchi ( 2017–present ) </onlyinclude> External links . - Official website |
[
"Juventus"
] | easy | Which team did Giuseppe Sculli play for from 1999 to 2000? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#0 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Crotone"
] | easy | Which team did the player Giuseppe Sculli belong to from 2000 to 2002? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#1 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Modena"
] | easy | Which team did Giuseppe Sculli play for from 2002 to 2003? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#2 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Chievo"
] | easy | Which team did the player Giuseppe Sculli belong to from 2003 to 2004? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#3 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Brescia"
] | easy | Giuseppe Sculli played for which team from 2004 to 2005? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#4 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Juventus"
] | easy | Giuseppe Sculli played for which team from 2005 to 2006? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#5 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
"Genoa"
] | easy | Giuseppe Sculli played for which team from 2006 to 2011? | /wiki/Giuseppe_Sculli#P54#6 | Giuseppe Sculli Giuseppe Sculli ( born 23 March 1981 ) is a retired Italian footballer who played in several positions ; primarily a striker , he could play anywhere along the front-line , and also played as a winger , as a second striker , and even as a right-sided midfielder or as a wingback on the right flank . Club career . Juventus . Sculli joined Juventus F.C . in 1999 , although he failed to make a single appearance for the club throughout the 1999–2000 season . Crotone . F.C . Crotone took Sculli on a two-year loan spell in the summer of 2000 , paying Juventus €500k for the loan . In his first season at Crotone , Sculli played 23 matches and scored 3 goals , making his debut against A.C . ChievoVerona . The next season , he became even more prevalent in the first team , making 27 appearances and scoring 5 goals . Modena . Giuseppe Sculli returned to Juventus after the end of the 2001–02 Serie B season but was again sent on loan , this time to Serie A side Modena F.C. . Sculli made his Serie A debut on 14 September 2002 against A.C . Milan . He went on to score 8 goals that season in 31 appearances . Chievo . Sculli was purchased by Chievo in mid-2003 in a co-ownership deal for a lump sum of €450K along with Paro and Gastaldello as part of the deal of Nicola Legrottaglie transfer . Sculli endured a difficult campaign at Chievo in the 2003–04 season , struggling for playing time and form , scoring 3 goals in 20 appearances . Brescia . He was sent on loan to Serie A side Brescia Calcio in an attempt to aid the player in regaining his form . Sculli played much more this season , making 28 appearances , but for the first time in his senior professional career , failed to score a single goal that season . Juventus . Juventus brought back Sculli , Paro and Gastaldello from Chievo in 2005 for a lump sum of €1.05M . Sculli signed a contract until the summer of 2008 , and was immediately loaned out to Messina for the 2005–06 season . Sculli was a vital part of Messinas set-up , playing on either wing and managed 2 goals in 33 appearances . Genoa . In 2006 , Juventus were relegated to Serie B , at which point Sculli made a return to the first team . He made a few appearances in friendly matches , but was loaned to newly promoted Serie B team Genoa on 24 August . In November 2006 , he was suspended 8 months for accused of match-fixing when he played for F.C . Crotone against his current club F.C . Messina at the last match-day of the 2001–02 Serie B . He was sold by Juventus to Genoa for €300,000 . In the 2007–08 season , Sculli finally made his return to football , his first match back was against Catania in Serie As Round 2 . He went on to make 35 appearances that season , scoring 4 goals . The next season , he managed a career high 9 goals in 35 Serie A appearances . The following season , Sculli made his European football debut in the Europa League , scoring goals Slavia Prague and LOSC LIlle as Genoa went out in the group stages . Lazio . Sculli was sold to Lazio on 19 January 2011 in co-ownership deal for a peppercorn fee of €500 . He was assigned the number 7 shirt for his new club , becoming Lazios first signing of the 2011 calendar year . He finished his first and second goals for Lazio during a comfortable win against Palermo on 6 March 2011 . In June 2011 Lazio bought him outright for €3 million . He scored three goals in the group stage of the Europa League against FC Vaslui , FC Zürich and Sporting Lisbon . He returned on loan to Genoa for the second half of the 2011–12 season . After being frozen out from the Lazio side , Sculli went on loan to Pescara for the second half of the 2012–13 season . After again being frozen out for Lazio for the 2013–14 season , Sculli again returned to Genoa for the second half of the season . At the end of his loan spell , Sculli returned to Lazio and was still frozen out of the side . International career . Sculli represented the Italy national under-21 football team , winning the 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship , and earning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Personal life . Born in Locri , the Province of Reggio Calabria , Sculli is the grandson of Giuseppe Morabito a notorious boss of the Ndrangheta , the Calabrian mafia organization . Honours . International . - Italy under-21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship : 2004 - Olympic Bronze Medal : 2004 External links . - Gazzetta.it |
[
""
] | easy | What citizenship did Tsang Hin-chi hold from Feb 1934 to 1949? | /wiki/Tsang_Hin-chi#P27#0 | Tsang Hin-chi Tsang Hin-chi , ( ; 2 February 1934 – 20 September 2019 ) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur and politician . He was the founder and president of the Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . and a member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) . Biography . Tsang was born in Meixian County , Guangdong into a poor peasant family in 1934 . His father died when Tsang was four years old and he was raised by his mother . Tsang was graduate from Sun Yat-sen University in biology with government grants in 1961 . In 1963 , Tsang went to Thailand via Hong Kong and was united with other family members . His family moved to Hong Kong in 1968 . Together with his wife Huang Liqun , Tsang founded his manufacturing company which later became Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . when he cleared half of his house for a workplace . He produced ties by his own by copying from some internationally famous brands and mixing in his own designs . He also imported some expensive materials from France and refined his techniques , which later turned into the success of his company . In the 1980s , Tsang became involved in philanthropic activities . In 1992 , he established the Tsang Hin Chi Education Fund for poor students . He later served as chairman and later honorary president of Jinan University . He was also a core member of the pro-Beijing Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in which he became the life honorary chairman . He also became member of the executive committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce in 1993 and vice-chairman of the Guangdong and National Federations of Industry and Commerce . In 1985 , he was appointed member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee for drafting the Basic Law of Hong Kong . In 1992 , he was invited to become 1st Group of Hong Kong Affairs Advisors of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China . In 1993 , he became member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) , where he served two terms from 1993 to 2003 . He was also appointed to the HKSAR Preparatory Committee on the eve of the handover of Hong Kong . He was a member of the Selection Committee , which was responsible for electing the first Chief Executive and Provisional Legislative Council He was a vocal supporter of the Beijing government and strong critic of the pro-democracy camp . In 2004 , he accused Martin Lee , Szeto Wah and Cheung Man-kwong are definitely unpatriotic for their bag of sins ( being key members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China formed during the Tiananmen protests of 1989 ) , including objecting to the Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 national security legislation and organising the 1 July 2003 rally . According to Radio Free Asia , Tsang Hin-chi received a kidney transplant operation in the No . 1 Affiliated Hospital to Guangzhou Zhongshan University in 2000 . The kidney he received was allegedly extracted from an executed prisoner but was not reported due to political sensitivity . Tsang died in Meizhou on 20 September 2019 , aged 85 . Honours . In 1993 , an asteroid numbered 3388 , which was discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , was named after him . He was also among the first recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 1997 , the highest honor of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . Tsang was named an honorary citizen by several major Chinese cities , including Beijing , Harbin , Shenyang , Dalian , and Guangzhou . He also held an honorary doctorate from Zhongshan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University . The Meixian Tsang Hin-chi Stadium in Meixian District was named after Tsang Hin-chi , who donated ¥15 million for construction of the stadium . |
[
"Thailand"
] | easy | What citizenship did Tsang Hin-chi hold from 1949 to 1968? | /wiki/Tsang_Hin-chi#P27#1 | Tsang Hin-chi Tsang Hin-chi , ( ; 2 February 1934 – 20 September 2019 ) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur and politician . He was the founder and president of the Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . and a member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) . Biography . Tsang was born in Meixian County , Guangdong into a poor peasant family in 1934 . His father died when Tsang was four years old and he was raised by his mother . Tsang was graduate from Sun Yat-sen University in biology with government grants in 1961 . In 1963 , Tsang went to Thailand via Hong Kong and was united with other family members . His family moved to Hong Kong in 1968 . Together with his wife Huang Liqun , Tsang founded his manufacturing company which later became Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . when he cleared half of his house for a workplace . He produced ties by his own by copying from some internationally famous brands and mixing in his own designs . He also imported some expensive materials from France and refined his techniques , which later turned into the success of his company . In the 1980s , Tsang became involved in philanthropic activities . In 1992 , he established the Tsang Hin Chi Education Fund for poor students . He later served as chairman and later honorary president of Jinan University . He was also a core member of the pro-Beijing Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in which he became the life honorary chairman . He also became member of the executive committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce in 1993 and vice-chairman of the Guangdong and National Federations of Industry and Commerce . In 1985 , he was appointed member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee for drafting the Basic Law of Hong Kong . In 1992 , he was invited to become 1st Group of Hong Kong Affairs Advisors of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China . In 1993 , he became member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) , where he served two terms from 1993 to 2003 . He was also appointed to the HKSAR Preparatory Committee on the eve of the handover of Hong Kong . He was a member of the Selection Committee , which was responsible for electing the first Chief Executive and Provisional Legislative Council He was a vocal supporter of the Beijing government and strong critic of the pro-democracy camp . In 2004 , he accused Martin Lee , Szeto Wah and Cheung Man-kwong are definitely unpatriotic for their bag of sins ( being key members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China formed during the Tiananmen protests of 1989 ) , including objecting to the Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 national security legislation and organising the 1 July 2003 rally . According to Radio Free Asia , Tsang Hin-chi received a kidney transplant operation in the No . 1 Affiliated Hospital to Guangzhou Zhongshan University in 2000 . The kidney he received was allegedly extracted from an executed prisoner but was not reported due to political sensitivity . Tsang died in Meizhou on 20 September 2019 , aged 85 . Honours . In 1993 , an asteroid numbered 3388 , which was discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , was named after him . He was also among the first recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 1997 , the highest honor of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . Tsang was named an honorary citizen by several major Chinese cities , including Beijing , Harbin , Shenyang , Dalian , and Guangzhou . He also held an honorary doctorate from Zhongshan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University . The Meixian Tsang Hin-chi Stadium in Meixian District was named after Tsang Hin-chi , who donated ¥15 million for construction of the stadium . |
[
"Hong Kong"
] | easy | What was the nationality of Tsang Hin-chi from 1968 to Jun 1997? | /wiki/Tsang_Hin-chi#P27#2 | Tsang Hin-chi Tsang Hin-chi , ( ; 2 February 1934 – 20 September 2019 ) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur and politician . He was the founder and president of the Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . and a member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) . Biography . Tsang was born in Meixian County , Guangdong into a poor peasant family in 1934 . His father died when Tsang was four years old and he was raised by his mother . Tsang was graduate from Sun Yat-sen University in biology with government grants in 1961 . In 1963 , Tsang went to Thailand via Hong Kong and was united with other family members . His family moved to Hong Kong in 1968 . Together with his wife Huang Liqun , Tsang founded his manufacturing company which later became Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . when he cleared half of his house for a workplace . He produced ties by his own by copying from some internationally famous brands and mixing in his own designs . He also imported some expensive materials from France and refined his techniques , which later turned into the success of his company . In the 1980s , Tsang became involved in philanthropic activities . In 1992 , he established the Tsang Hin Chi Education Fund for poor students . He later served as chairman and later honorary president of Jinan University . He was also a core member of the pro-Beijing Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in which he became the life honorary chairman . He also became member of the executive committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce in 1993 and vice-chairman of the Guangdong and National Federations of Industry and Commerce . In 1985 , he was appointed member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee for drafting the Basic Law of Hong Kong . In 1992 , he was invited to become 1st Group of Hong Kong Affairs Advisors of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China . In 1993 , he became member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) , where he served two terms from 1993 to 2003 . He was also appointed to the HKSAR Preparatory Committee on the eve of the handover of Hong Kong . He was a member of the Selection Committee , which was responsible for electing the first Chief Executive and Provisional Legislative Council He was a vocal supporter of the Beijing government and strong critic of the pro-democracy camp . In 2004 , he accused Martin Lee , Szeto Wah and Cheung Man-kwong are definitely unpatriotic for their bag of sins ( being key members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China formed during the Tiananmen protests of 1989 ) , including objecting to the Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 national security legislation and organising the 1 July 2003 rally . According to Radio Free Asia , Tsang Hin-chi received a kidney transplant operation in the No . 1 Affiliated Hospital to Guangzhou Zhongshan University in 2000 . The kidney he received was allegedly extracted from an executed prisoner but was not reported due to political sensitivity . Tsang died in Meizhou on 20 September 2019 , aged 85 . Honours . In 1993 , an asteroid numbered 3388 , which was discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , was named after him . He was also among the first recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 1997 , the highest honor of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . Tsang was named an honorary citizen by several major Chinese cities , including Beijing , Harbin , Shenyang , Dalian , and Guangzhou . He also held an honorary doctorate from Zhongshan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University . The Meixian Tsang Hin-chi Stadium in Meixian District was named after Tsang Hin-chi , who donated ¥15 million for construction of the stadium . |
[
""
] | easy | What was the nationality of Tsang Hin-chi from Jul 1997 to Sep 2019? | /wiki/Tsang_Hin-chi#P27#3 | Tsang Hin-chi Tsang Hin-chi , ( ; 2 February 1934 – 20 September 2019 ) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur and politician . He was the founder and president of the Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . and a member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) . Biography . Tsang was born in Meixian County , Guangdong into a poor peasant family in 1934 . His father died when Tsang was four years old and he was raised by his mother . Tsang was graduate from Sun Yat-sen University in biology with government grants in 1961 . In 1963 , Tsang went to Thailand via Hong Kong and was united with other family members . His family moved to Hong Kong in 1968 . Together with his wife Huang Liqun , Tsang founded his manufacturing company which later became Goldlion Group Co . Ltd . when he cleared half of his house for a workplace . He produced ties by his own by copying from some internationally famous brands and mixing in his own designs . He also imported some expensive materials from France and refined his techniques , which later turned into the success of his company . In the 1980s , Tsang became involved in philanthropic activities . In 1992 , he established the Tsang Hin Chi Education Fund for poor students . He later served as chairman and later honorary president of Jinan University . He was also a core member of the pro-Beijing Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in which he became the life honorary chairman . He also became member of the executive committee of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce in 1993 and vice-chairman of the Guangdong and National Federations of Industry and Commerce . In 1985 , he was appointed member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee for drafting the Basic Law of Hong Kong . In 1992 , he was invited to become 1st Group of Hong Kong Affairs Advisors of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China . In 1993 , he became member of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress ( NPCSC ) , where he served two terms from 1993 to 2003 . He was also appointed to the HKSAR Preparatory Committee on the eve of the handover of Hong Kong . He was a member of the Selection Committee , which was responsible for electing the first Chief Executive and Provisional Legislative Council He was a vocal supporter of the Beijing government and strong critic of the pro-democracy camp . In 2004 , he accused Martin Lee , Szeto Wah and Cheung Man-kwong are definitely unpatriotic for their bag of sins ( being key members of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China formed during the Tiananmen protests of 1989 ) , including objecting to the Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 national security legislation and organising the 1 July 2003 rally . According to Radio Free Asia , Tsang Hin-chi received a kidney transplant operation in the No . 1 Affiliated Hospital to Guangzhou Zhongshan University in 2000 . The kidney he received was allegedly extracted from an executed prisoner but was not reported due to political sensitivity . Tsang died in Meizhou on 20 September 2019 , aged 85 . Honours . In 1993 , an asteroid numbered 3388 , which was discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , was named after him . He was also among the first recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 1997 , the highest honor of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . Tsang was named an honorary citizen by several major Chinese cities , including Beijing , Harbin , Shenyang , Dalian , and Guangzhou . He also held an honorary doctorate from Zhongshan University and Hong Kong Polytechnic University . The Meixian Tsang Hin-chi Stadium in Meixian District was named after Tsang Hin-chi , who donated ¥15 million for construction of the stadium . |
[
"West Ham United"
] | easy | Which team did Harry Redknapp play for from 1965 to 1972? | /wiki/Harry_Redknapp#P54#0 | Harry Redknapp Henry James Redknapp ( born 2 March 1947 ) is an English former football manager and player . He has previously managed AFC Bournemouth , West Ham United , Portsmouth , Southampton , Tottenham Hotspur , Queens Park Rangers and Birmingham City . In his second spell at Portsmouth , he managed the side that won the 2008 FA Cup . At the conclusion of the 2009–10 season , he guided Tottenham into the UEFA Champions League . Redknapp announced his retirement from football management in 2017 . His son , Jamie Redknapp , played under him at Bournemouth and Southampton . He is also uncle to Frank Lampard , who played under him at West Ham United . Early life . Redknapp was born in Poplar , London , the only child of Henry Joseph William Redknapp ( 1922–1996 ) and Violet May Brown ( 1924–2001 ) . At age 11 , while Redknapp was playing for East London Schools football , he was spotted by Dickie Walker , a Tottenham Hotspur scout . From there , Redknapp grew in the Tottenham youth ranks playing at Cheshunt , meeting the likes of Bill Nicholson , Dave Mackay and Danny Blanchflower . At age 15 , Redknapp moved to West Ham United and played alongside Bobby Moore . In a 2008 interview , Redknapp stated as part of a tribute to Tom Finney , I was a big Arsenal fan as a kid and I remember seeing him play against Tommy Docherty one night . After being appointed Tottenham manager later in 2008 , Redknapp stressed his Tottenham connections as well , stating:I am a big follower of the history of the game and Tottenham have been a great club over the years . I followed Tottenham , I trained there as an 11-year-old , 12-year-old so I know the history of the club . It is a big , big club . Club career . West Ham United . During his playing career , Redknapp played as a midfielder . He began his career with Tottenham Hotspur , playing for the youth team until he was 15 years old , when he moved to West Ham United . He first broke into the first team at West Ham in the 1965–66 seasons , making seven appearances and scoring one goal . He made his debut for West Ham in a 1–1 draw at home to Sunderland on 23 August 1965 . His first goal came in a 4–1 away win over Tottenham on 8 April 1966 . Redknapp made his first start of the 1966–67 season , and scored his second goal for the club , on 3 December 1966 in a 3–0 win over West Bromwich Albion . Redknapp made 12 League appearances scoring once during his second season . During the 1967–68 season , he made 28 League appearances and scored twice , the first in a 4–2 home win over Burnley on 21 August 1967 and the second in a 5–1 away win over Sunderland on 6 September 1967 . During the 1968–69 season , Redknapp made 42 appearances and scored three times , with 36 appearances coming in the league ( along with two goals ) , three in the FA Cup appearances and three in the League Cup ( along with one goal ) . His first league goal of the season came in a 4–0 win over West Brom on 31 August 1968 , while the next came in a match in the League Cup against Bolton Wanderers , which West Ham won 4–0 . Redknapp received a red card in a 2–0 away defeat at Leeds United on 12 October 1968 . He had been booked for fouling Billy Bremner and was dismissed by the referee for dissent . His third goal of the season came in a 4–3 win over Queens Park Rangers on 2 November 1968 . Redknapp made his first appearance of the 1969–70 season on 9 August 1969 in a 1–0 home win over Newcastle United , while his first goal of the season came in a 3–0 home win over Sheffield Wednesday on 2 September 1969 . Redknapp made 26 total appearances and scored one goal ; 23 of his appearances came in the league . During the 1970–71 season , Redknapp made 21 league appearances with one more coming in the League Cup . He then made a further 35 appearances during the 1971–72 season with 22 of them coming in the league . This would be his last season at the club before he moved to AFC Bournemouth for the 1972–73 season . He made 175 total appearances in both league and cup action for West Ham , scoring eight times over seven seasons . AFC Bournemouth . Redknapp joined Division 3 AFC Bournemouth in 1972 from West Ham . He spent four seasons with the south coast side between 1972 and 1976 . In the 1972–73 season , Redknapp made 37 appearances with 34 of them coming in the league scoring once in the league and Bournemouth finished seventh in the league . He made a further 46 appearances scoring five times during the 1973–74 season with 39 appearances in the league . Redknapp made 19 ( all league ) appearances during the 1974–75 season as Bournemouth were relegated to the Fourth Division . In 1975–76 , he only managed nine appearances . At the end of the 1975–76 season , he moved to then Fourth Division side Brentford , where he made one appearance during the 1976–77 season . Seattle Sounders . In 1976 , Redknapp joined North American Soccer League ( NASL ) club Seattle Sounders as a player-coach . He made 15 appearances during the 1976 season as they reached the playoffs after finishing second in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing to the Minnesota Kicks in the Division Championship . Before returning to Seattle , he appeared briefly for AP Leamington in the Southern League Premier Division . Redknapp then made five appearances during the 1977 season as they finished third in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing out in Soccer Bowl 77 to Pelés New York Cosmos , 2–1 . Redknapp went on to make three appearances in the 1978 season and just the one in the 1979 season , before joining up with old teammate and 1966 World Cup-winning captain Bobby Moore . In 1980 he was contracted to play with ASL expansion team the Phoenix Fire , but the team folded in pre-season . International career . Redknapp represented England at youth level when he was 17 . He was in the side that won the 1964 UEFA European Under-18 Championship after defeating Spain 4–0 in the final . Management and coaching career . Seattle Sounders and Oxford City . Redknapp began his management career as player-assistant manager of NASL club Seattle Sounders from 1976 to 1979 under Jimmy Gabriel . During his time with Seattle , Redknapp made 24 appearances , helping the side to second place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , in his first season as player-coach , and then to third place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , for the 1977 season , taking them to the final of the Soccer Bowl before losing to Pelés New York Cosmos . During the 1978 season , Redknapp helped Seattle to a third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , before they lost in the first round of the playoffs , again to the New York Cosmos . In his final year in Seattle , he helped them to another third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , but this time they failed to qualify for the playoffs . Redknapp then assisted his former West Ham teammate Bobby Moore at Isthmian League club Oxford City . AFC Bournemouth . At the beginning of the 1982–83 season , Redknapp took up his first major coaching role as assistant manager to David Webb at AFC Bournemouth , six years after leaving the club as a player . Redknapp applied for the managers job when Webb moved to Torquay United partway through that season , but was overlooked in favour of Don Megson . Megson was sacked in late 1983 as Bournemouth were in the Third Division relegation places , and Redknapp was hired as his replacement in October 1983 . In his first season at the helm , Redknapp helped Bournemouth avoid relegation to the Fourth Division . Bournemouth also caused a shock in the FA Cup when they defeated holders Manchester United 2–0 in the third round . He led Bournemouth to victory in the inaugural Associate Members Cup by beating Hull City in the final . Bournemouth won the Third Division title in 1987 with 97 points , breaking the clubs record for the most points accumulated in a season . After two years at this level , Bournemouth were relegated at the end of their third season . Bournemouth were in 13th position on 3 March , but injuries which depleted the squad , combined with a catastrophic loss of form , meant they won only one more match that season , and were relegated on 5 May after a 1–0 defeat at Dean Court against Leeds United . Road accident . In June 1990 , while in Italy to watch the 1990 FIFA World Cup , Redknapp was involved in a road accident along with Michael Sinclair , the chairman of York City , Fred Whitehouse , the chairman of Aston Villa , and Bournemouths managing director , Brian Tiler . Travelling through Latina , south of Rome , at night , their chauffeur-driven minibus was in a head-on collision with a car containing three Italian soldiers . The minibus was flipped onto its roof and skidded 50 yards along the road . Sitting in the seat where Redknapp had usually sat during the trip , Tiler was killed , as were the three occupants of the other vehicle . Redknapp was doused in petrol and pulled clear of the accident by Sinclair . Redknapp suffered a fractured skull , a broken nose , cracked ribs and a gash in his left leg . Ambulance services arriving at the scene believed him dead and placed a blanket over his head . Unconscious for two days , Redknapp was flown home two weeks later in a special air ambulance paid for by Bournemouth . Though he made a full recovery , apart from losing his sense of smell and gaining a facial tic , he eventually quit Bournemouth at the end of the 1991–92 season . West Ham United . For the next season , Redknapp was appointed assistant manager to Billy Bonds at West Ham , another of his former clubs . However , in August 1994 , the club board of directors opted to turn control of the team over to Redknapp and move Bonds into an administrative role . Bonds eventually resigned outright from the club , leaving Redknapp solely in charge . Just months before being promoted to the managers seat at Upton Park , Redknapp was linked with the managerial vacancy at Southampton after the departure of previous manager Ian Branfoot , but the job went to Alan Ball instead . Redknapp helped to establish the club in the FA Premier League and introduced a number of young players from the clubs academy , including Michael Carrick , Joe Cole , Rio Ferdinand and Frank Lampard . The signings of Stuart Pearce , Paolo Di Canio and Trevor Sinclair helped them re-establish their careers having been signed by Redknapp . He also made mistakes in the transfer market , particularly with overseas players , including Marco Boogers , Florin Raducioiu and Paulo Futre . Nevertheless , West Ham finished in eighth position in 1998 and fifth in 1999 , which saw them qualify for the UEFA Intertoto Cup in what was their second-best ever season in the top division . In the 1999–2000 season , West Ham won the Intertoto Cup and qualified for the UEFA Cup but failed to match their performances in the Premier League . Redknapp left West Ham on 9 May 2001 , one match before the end of the 2000–01 season . For some time , it was unconfirmed whether he resigned or was sacked but Redknapp shed new light on the true circumstances in October 2007 : Portsmouth . Redknapp became director of football for Portsmouth in 2001 , and when the Leicester City managers job became vacant with the dismissal of Peter Taylor that autumn , Redknapp was widely tipped to take over at the East Midlands club , but stayed loyal to Pompey , with the Leicester job going to Dave Bassett . Ironically , it was reported in the national media that had Redknapp taken over , Bassett would have been on his coaching staff at the East Midlands club . However , after the clubs poor form , he replaced manager Graham Rix in March 2002 . Redknapp managed the club to the Division One title in the 2002–03 season , gaining promotion to the Premier League , replacing his former club West Ham . Redknapp kept Portsmouth in the Premier League in the 2003–04 season , but had a dispute with Portsmouth owner Milan Mandarić over his assistant Jim Smith . Redknapp had another disagreement with Mandarić over the appointment of Velimir Zajec as director of football and resigned as manager in November 2004 . Southampton . A few weeks after his departure at Portsmouth , Redknapp became manager of Southampton , a move which infuriated Portsmouths supporters , as the two clubs are fierce local rivals . Some fans even bore T-shirts which referred to Redknapp as Scummer and Judas and called for him to Rot in Hell . Redknapp was tasked with keeping Southampton in the Premier League – a similar task to the one Redknapp was facing with Portsmouth , and a familiar one at the club over the previous 15 years , which he would have faced had he accepted the offer to take over a decade earlier – but ultimately was unable to achieve this , ending Southamptons 27-year spell in the top flight . Redknapp remained in charge for the 2005–06 Championship season but was unable to establish consistency needed to make Southampton promotion contenders . Redknapp was also unhappy with chairman Rupert Lowes appointment of Clive Woodward to the clubs coaching staff . After being repeatedly linked with a return to Portsmouth after they sacked Alain Perrin , Redknapp resigned as Southamptons manager in early December 2005 . Lowe quoted Redknapp as referring to Portsmouth as his spiritual home . Return to Portsmouth . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth on 7 December 2005 with the club threatened by relegation to the Championship , although not in the relegation zone . At first it looked like Redknapp would be heading for a second successive relegation , but a fine run of form at the end of the season , aided by the takeover of Portsmouth by Alexandre Gaydamak ( which provided Redknapp with more money ) , ensured Portsmouths survival . In the following season , Redknapp led Portsmouth to a ninth-placed finish which was the clubs highest league finish since the 1950s . In October 2007 , Redknapp signed a new contract at Portsmouth lasting until 2011 . In January 2008 , it emerged through the media that Redknapp was offered the vacant managers job at Newcastle United following the sacking of Sam Allardyce . Redknapp had apparently declined the job , stating , I have a job to do to take this club forward and to walk away would not have been the right thing to do . It was later stated by Newcastle chairman Christopher Mort that Redknapp was interviewed for the job but he was only one of a number of people we were speaking to at that time , and at the time of Redknapps interview the club had already been in secret talks with the eventual appointee , Kevin Keegan , for a week . On 8 March 2008 , Redknapp led Portsmouth to an FA Cup quarter-final victory over Manchester United , completing a hat-trick of FA Cup wins over Manchester United , and followed this with a semi-final victory over West Bromwich Albion at Wembley Stadium on 5 April . He guided the club to their first FA Cup Final in 69 years , where they defeated Cardiff City on 17 May 2008 to win The FA Cup 1–0 , thanks to a goal scored by Nwankwo Kanu . He is the last English manager to win a major English trophy . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth to receive the Freedom of the City in a ceremony on 28 October 2008 . As this event took place two days after his departure for Tottenham Hotspur , he received a mixed reception from the Portsmouth fans , despite having led the club to a long-awaited trophy in the 2008 FA Cup . Tottenham Hotspur . In October 2008 , following the sacking of Juande Ramos by Tottenham Hotspur , the club announced Redknapp had agreed to take over as the new manager at Spurs , the club where he began his playing career . Tottenham paid £5 million in compensation to Portsmouth for releasing Redknapp . Spurs had secured only two points from the first eight matches of the season prior to Redknapps arrival and lay bottom of the Premier League table , but in his first two weeks in charge , he took the club out of the relegation zone , winning 10 out of the 12 points available after wins against Bolton Wanderers , Liverpool and Manchester City , as well as a remarkable 4–4 draw against North London rivals Arsenal . In January 2009 , Redknapp signed five new players in order to add quality and much-needed depth to his squad . He brought back Jermain Defoe from his old club Portsmouth for £15.75 million and Honduran midfielder Wilson Palacios from Wigan Athletic for £12 million . Long-serving Chelsea goalkeeper Carlo Cudicini also joined on a free transfer ; former Spurs player Pascal Chimbonda returned to White Hart Lane from Sunderland for a fee in the region of £3 million ; and Robbie Keane , who like Chimbonda and Defoe had only left Spurs within the last year , re-joined after an unsuccessful spell at Liverpool for an initial fee of £12 million . In the second half of the season , Spurs gradually moved up the league table after a significant improvement in form . In March 2009 , Redknapp led Spurs to the League Cup final , which they lost on penalties to Manchester United . Spurs eventually finished in eighth position with 51 points , narrowly missing out on a UEFA Europa League place . Redknapp made significant alterations to the squad in the summer of 2009 . Striker Darren Bent was sold to Sunderland for an initial fee of £10 million , while midfielder Didier Zokora departed for Sevilla for £7.75 million . In came England international striker Peter Crouch and Croatia midfielder Niko Kranjčar from Portsmouth for £9 million and £2 million respectively along with defender Sébastien Bassong from Newcastle United for £8 million . In 2009–10 , his first full campaign with the club , Redknapp guided Spurs to one of their most successful Premier League campaigns to date . Beginning with four consecutive wins , Spurs went on to finish in fourth place with 70 points , therefore gaining the chance to qualify for the UEFA Champions League via a play-off . As a result of his efforts , he won the Premier League Manager of the Year award , only the second manager to do so in a season when his side did not win the title . On 13 July 2010 , it was confirmed Spurs had extended Redknapps contract until the end of the 2013 season . On 25 August 2010 , Spurs confirmed their position in the Champions League group stage by overturning a first-leg deficit to defeat Swiss team Young Boys at White Hart Lane in the Champions League play-off . After a surprising run to the quarter-finals , Spurs were eliminated in April 2011 after a 5–0 aggregate defeat to Real Madrid . Spurs ended the Premier League season in fifth position with 62 points . Although not enough to secure a second year of Champions League football , this finish instead meant that Redknapps Spurs qualified for the Europa League . In the 2011–12 season , Redknapp signed 40-year-old goalkeeper Brad Friedel after his contract expired with Aston Villa . He also made a season-long loan move for Manchester City striker Emmanuel Adebayor . On transfer deadline day , he signed English midfielder Scott Parker for an undisclosed fee from West Ham . Redknapp then went on to win the Premier League Manager of the Month award for September and November . Despite leading Tottenham to their second fourth-placed finish in three years and missing out on UEFA Champions League qualification only due to Chelsea winning the competition , Redknapp was sacked by Tottenham on 13 June 2012 , after reportedly failing to agree terms on a new contract . Queens Park Rangers . On 24 November 2012 , Redknapp , who had been working at former club Bournemouth in an advisory role , was appointed as manager of Queens Park Rangers , taking over from Mark Hughes , whose contract was terminated the previous day . QPR were bottom with only four points from 12 matches . His first match in charge of QPR came on 27 November , a 0–0 draw away to Sunderland . Redknapp earned his first win as QPR manager , and the clubs first Premier League victory of the 2012–13 season , on 15 December after defeating Fulham 2–1 at Loftus Road . On 2 January 2013 , Redknapp led QPR to a 1–0 victory away from home against reigning European champions Chelsea . This was QPRs first away win in the Premier League since November 2011 and their first top flight victory at Stamford Bridge since March 1979 . His first match against Tottenham since being sacked by the North London club came on 12 January 2013 , with Redknapp leading QPR to a 0–0 draw at Loftus Road . On 28 April 2013 , after a 0–0 draw against fellow relegation rivals Reading , and with three matches of the season to play , QPR were relegated from the Premier League to the Championship after two seasons in the top flight . After a single season in the Championship , Redknapp managed QPR to a 1–0 victory in the Play-off Final against Derby County on 24 May 2014 at Wembley Stadium , returning the club to the Premier League . On 3 February 2015 , Redknapp resigned as manager of QPR . With an imminent knee operation , Redknapp said that he could not give 100% to the job and that it would be better for someone else to take over as manager . Les Ferdinand and Chris Ramsey were placed in temporary charge . In April 2015 , Redknapp expanded on his reasons for leaving QPR , stating he had also left the club because he no longer knew who was on my side . At his time of departure , QPR were in second-last position in the Premier League with 19 points from 23 matches and a record zero points from away matches . Jordan . In March 2016 , Redknapp was appointed manager of Jordan national team alongside his former assistant , Kevin Bond , for the countrys next two qualifying matches for the 2018 FIFA World Cup . Redknapps first match as Jordan manager , on 24 March , ended in an 8–0 win over Bangladesh . This was followed by a 5–1 defeat to Australia . Birmingham City and retirement . On 18 April 2017 , Redknapp was announced as the manager of Birmingham City until the end of the season after the resignation of Gianfranco Zola . His first match in charge was a 1–0 loss to local rivals Aston Villa . The final two matches of the season saw Redknapps team beat Huddersfield Town 2–0 , followed by a 1–0 away win at Bristol City , allowing Birmingham to escape any threat of relegation . In May 2017 , Redknapp signed a one-year deal to continue as Birmingham manager for another season . Kevin Bond was reunited with Redknapp as assistant manager , replacing the outgoing Steve Cotterill . His first signings were David Stockdale , Marc Roberts and Cheikh NDoye . On 16 September 2017 , after five straight league defeats that left the team second bottom in the table , a statement from Birmingham City said the club were left with no choice but to terminate the contract of the manager with immediate effect . After his sacking , Redknapp said that there was every chance his role as Birmingham manager would be his last managerial job . A month later , Redknapp confirmed his retirement from management after 34 years in the dugout . Other roles . In January 2016 , Redknapp made a return to football as a director at Wimborne Town . In March 2016 , he was named as a football advisor for Derby County until the end of the 2015–16 season . On 29 April 2016 , it was announced that Redknapp was to join Australian side Central Coast Mariners as a football consultant . In October 2017 , following his departure from Birmingham City , Redknapp briefly joined League Two club Yeovil Town in a voluntary advisory role to manager Darren Way . On 8 February 2021 , Redknapp returned to Bournemouth to assist caretaker manager Jonathan Woodgate . Corruption allegations and arrest . On 19 September 2006 , Redknapp was shown on camera by BBC Panorama taking part in what appeared to be an interest in approaching a player in a manner forbidden by FA rules . Redknapp denied that his conversation about then-Blackburn Rovers player Andy Todd with the football agent Peter Harrison amounted to tapping up or improperly approaching the player . Redknapp referred to Todd as a tough bastard during the conversation and suggested he would be interested in signing the player on a full-time basis if he was available . Redknapp told the BBC he has never taken a bung and had given Kevin Bond no reason to think otherwise and that he considers himself to be one million percent innocent . In the final report of the Stevens inquiry , published in June 2007 , the only criticism of Redknapp concerned his ownership of a racehorse named Double Fantasy thought to have been given to him by the agent Willie McKay , which has aroused some suspicion . Redknapp told the inquiry it was possible he did own the horse but insisted he had not made any money out of it because the horse was a failure and never won a race . On 28 November 2007 , Redknapp , along with Portsmouths managing director Peter Storrie , former Portsmouth chairman Milan Mandarić , agent Willie McKay and footballer Amdy Faye had been arrested by City of London Police on suspicion of conspiracy to defraud and false accounting . Redknapp was later released without charge and announced his intention to sue the police because of his arrest , considering it as the reason for the failure of the FA to consider him for manager of the England national team after the sacking of Steve McClaren . The High Court ruled in May 2008 that the raid by City of London Police officers , on Redknapps home in Poole , was illegal and quashed the search warrants , calling their actions wholly unacceptable and ordering them to pay £1,000 damages to Redknapp as well as part of his legal costs . Following further investigation by HM Revenue & Customs as part of the corruption enquiry , in January 2010 , Redknapp was charged with two counts of cheating the public revenue , along with Milan Mandarić . The charge related to a £189,000 payment from Mandarić to Redknapp via a bank account in Monaco . The trial began at Southwark Crown Court on 23 January 2012 . Part of Redknapps defence was that he was both dyscalculic and dyslexic and therefore had difficulty in dealing with transfer contracts . He was found not guilty on both counts on 8 February 2012 . England managers job . Redknapps acquittal came just hours before the resignation of England national team head coach Fabio Capello . Two days later , he refused to rule himself out of the running for the job , but said it would be very difficult to combine the role with his then position as Tottenham manager . A few weeks later , the FA appointed Roy Hodgson as manager . Personal life . Redknapp and his wife Sandra have two sons : Jamie , a football pundit and former professional footballer ; and Mark , a model . Jamie made his professional debut under his father at Bournemouth in 1990 before moving on to Liverpool and later Tottenham Hotspur and lastly Southampton before retiring in 2005 . Harrys grandson via his son Mark , also called Harry Redknapp , signed for Bournemouth during May 2014 . His nephew is former England midfielder Frank Lampard , Jr . whose parents are Sandras late twin sister , Patricia , and Harrys former teammate and managerial assistant Frank Lampard , Sr . Redknapp and his wife are the fundraising presidents for the Southampton-based charity Leukaemia Busters , a role they took over in 2004 previously held by former cricketer David Gower and his wife Thorunn . Redknapp and his wife also own a property development company , Pierfront Developments . In August 2011 , it was announced that a housing development their company was building in Southsea , Hampshire , would go ahead without affordable housing . The £600,000 they offered to the council to build affordable homes elsewhere , was accepted by the council . Opponents of the scheme estimated this will only be enough to build eight homes instead of the 28 that council policy says they should be building in this development . In October 2019 , planning permission was granted for the company to convert a homeless shelter in Bournemouth into flats , despite pleas from residents who told planning authorities that the development would exacerbate homelessness and put their welfare at risk . In January 2011 , Redknapp was mugged while attending a football match in Madrid . On 2 November 2011 , he had an operation to unblock coronary arteries . Redknapp wrote for the online gambling company , Betfair , as its Euro 2012 columnist . In 1998 Redknapp published his autobiography , Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography . It was co-written with Derek McGovern . His second autobiography , Always Managing , was published in 2013 . It was ghostwritten by journalist Martin Samuel . Redknapp was a contestant in the 2018 series of Im a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here ! He subsequently won the show , and was crowned King of the Jungle . Honours . Player . England U18 - UEFA European Under-18 Championship : 1964 Manager . AFC Bournemouth - Associate Members Cup : 1983–84 West Ham United - UEFA Intertoto Cup : 1999 Portsmouth - Football League First Division : 2002–03 - FA Cup : 2007–08 Tottenham Hotspur - Football League Cup runner-up : 2008–09 Queens Park Rangers - Football League Championship play-offs : 2014 Individual - Premier League Manager of the Season : 2009–10 - Premier League Manager of the Month : November 1998 , April 2004 , October 2004 , March 2005 , April 2006 , August 2009 , September 2011 , November 2011 Bibliography . Autobiography . - Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography ( CollinsWillow , 1998 ) - Always Managing : My Autobiography ( Ebury Press , 2013 ) - A Man Walks On To a Pitch : Stories from a Life in Football ( Ebury Press , 2014 ) - It Shouldnt Happen to a Manager ( Ebury Press , 2016 ) External links . - Harry Redknapp West Ham United statistics - Harry Hotspur – The Start of a revolution Shelfside Spurs |
[
"AFC Bournemouth"
] | easy | Which team did the player Harry Redknapp belong to from 1972 to 1976? | /wiki/Harry_Redknapp#P54#1 | Harry Redknapp Henry James Redknapp ( born 2 March 1947 ) is an English former football manager and player . He has previously managed AFC Bournemouth , West Ham United , Portsmouth , Southampton , Tottenham Hotspur , Queens Park Rangers and Birmingham City . In his second spell at Portsmouth , he managed the side that won the 2008 FA Cup . At the conclusion of the 2009–10 season , he guided Tottenham into the UEFA Champions League . Redknapp announced his retirement from football management in 2017 . His son , Jamie Redknapp , played under him at Bournemouth and Southampton . He is also uncle to Frank Lampard , who played under him at West Ham United . Early life . Redknapp was born in Poplar , London , the only child of Henry Joseph William Redknapp ( 1922–1996 ) and Violet May Brown ( 1924–2001 ) . At age 11 , while Redknapp was playing for East London Schools football , he was spotted by Dickie Walker , a Tottenham Hotspur scout . From there , Redknapp grew in the Tottenham youth ranks playing at Cheshunt , meeting the likes of Bill Nicholson , Dave Mackay and Danny Blanchflower . At age 15 , Redknapp moved to West Ham United and played alongside Bobby Moore . In a 2008 interview , Redknapp stated as part of a tribute to Tom Finney , I was a big Arsenal fan as a kid and I remember seeing him play against Tommy Docherty one night . After being appointed Tottenham manager later in 2008 , Redknapp stressed his Tottenham connections as well , stating:I am a big follower of the history of the game and Tottenham have been a great club over the years . I followed Tottenham , I trained there as an 11-year-old , 12-year-old so I know the history of the club . It is a big , big club . Club career . West Ham United . During his playing career , Redknapp played as a midfielder . He began his career with Tottenham Hotspur , playing for the youth team until he was 15 years old , when he moved to West Ham United . He first broke into the first team at West Ham in the 1965–66 seasons , making seven appearances and scoring one goal . He made his debut for West Ham in a 1–1 draw at home to Sunderland on 23 August 1965 . His first goal came in a 4–1 away win over Tottenham on 8 April 1966 . Redknapp made his first start of the 1966–67 season , and scored his second goal for the club , on 3 December 1966 in a 3–0 win over West Bromwich Albion . Redknapp made 12 League appearances scoring once during his second season . During the 1967–68 season , he made 28 League appearances and scored twice , the first in a 4–2 home win over Burnley on 21 August 1967 and the second in a 5–1 away win over Sunderland on 6 September 1967 . During the 1968–69 season , Redknapp made 42 appearances and scored three times , with 36 appearances coming in the league ( along with two goals ) , three in the FA Cup appearances and three in the League Cup ( along with one goal ) . His first league goal of the season came in a 4–0 win over West Brom on 31 August 1968 , while the next came in a match in the League Cup against Bolton Wanderers , which West Ham won 4–0 . Redknapp received a red card in a 2–0 away defeat at Leeds United on 12 October 1968 . He had been booked for fouling Billy Bremner and was dismissed by the referee for dissent . His third goal of the season came in a 4–3 win over Queens Park Rangers on 2 November 1968 . Redknapp made his first appearance of the 1969–70 season on 9 August 1969 in a 1–0 home win over Newcastle United , while his first goal of the season came in a 3–0 home win over Sheffield Wednesday on 2 September 1969 . Redknapp made 26 total appearances and scored one goal ; 23 of his appearances came in the league . During the 1970–71 season , Redknapp made 21 league appearances with one more coming in the League Cup . He then made a further 35 appearances during the 1971–72 season with 22 of them coming in the league . This would be his last season at the club before he moved to AFC Bournemouth for the 1972–73 season . He made 175 total appearances in both league and cup action for West Ham , scoring eight times over seven seasons . AFC Bournemouth . Redknapp joined Division 3 AFC Bournemouth in 1972 from West Ham . He spent four seasons with the south coast side between 1972 and 1976 . In the 1972–73 season , Redknapp made 37 appearances with 34 of them coming in the league scoring once in the league and Bournemouth finished seventh in the league . He made a further 46 appearances scoring five times during the 1973–74 season with 39 appearances in the league . Redknapp made 19 ( all league ) appearances during the 1974–75 season as Bournemouth were relegated to the Fourth Division . In 1975–76 , he only managed nine appearances . At the end of the 1975–76 season , he moved to then Fourth Division side Brentford , where he made one appearance during the 1976–77 season . Seattle Sounders . In 1976 , Redknapp joined North American Soccer League ( NASL ) club Seattle Sounders as a player-coach . He made 15 appearances during the 1976 season as they reached the playoffs after finishing second in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing to the Minnesota Kicks in the Division Championship . Before returning to Seattle , he appeared briefly for AP Leamington in the Southern League Premier Division . Redknapp then made five appearances during the 1977 season as they finished third in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing out in Soccer Bowl 77 to Pelés New York Cosmos , 2–1 . Redknapp went on to make three appearances in the 1978 season and just the one in the 1979 season , before joining up with old teammate and 1966 World Cup-winning captain Bobby Moore . In 1980 he was contracted to play with ASL expansion team the Phoenix Fire , but the team folded in pre-season . International career . Redknapp represented England at youth level when he was 17 . He was in the side that won the 1964 UEFA European Under-18 Championship after defeating Spain 4–0 in the final . Management and coaching career . Seattle Sounders and Oxford City . Redknapp began his management career as player-assistant manager of NASL club Seattle Sounders from 1976 to 1979 under Jimmy Gabriel . During his time with Seattle , Redknapp made 24 appearances , helping the side to second place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , in his first season as player-coach , and then to third place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , for the 1977 season , taking them to the final of the Soccer Bowl before losing to Pelés New York Cosmos . During the 1978 season , Redknapp helped Seattle to a third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , before they lost in the first round of the playoffs , again to the New York Cosmos . In his final year in Seattle , he helped them to another third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , but this time they failed to qualify for the playoffs . Redknapp then assisted his former West Ham teammate Bobby Moore at Isthmian League club Oxford City . AFC Bournemouth . At the beginning of the 1982–83 season , Redknapp took up his first major coaching role as assistant manager to David Webb at AFC Bournemouth , six years after leaving the club as a player . Redknapp applied for the managers job when Webb moved to Torquay United partway through that season , but was overlooked in favour of Don Megson . Megson was sacked in late 1983 as Bournemouth were in the Third Division relegation places , and Redknapp was hired as his replacement in October 1983 . In his first season at the helm , Redknapp helped Bournemouth avoid relegation to the Fourth Division . Bournemouth also caused a shock in the FA Cup when they defeated holders Manchester United 2–0 in the third round . He led Bournemouth to victory in the inaugural Associate Members Cup by beating Hull City in the final . Bournemouth won the Third Division title in 1987 with 97 points , breaking the clubs record for the most points accumulated in a season . After two years at this level , Bournemouth were relegated at the end of their third season . Bournemouth were in 13th position on 3 March , but injuries which depleted the squad , combined with a catastrophic loss of form , meant they won only one more match that season , and were relegated on 5 May after a 1–0 defeat at Dean Court against Leeds United . Road accident . In June 1990 , while in Italy to watch the 1990 FIFA World Cup , Redknapp was involved in a road accident along with Michael Sinclair , the chairman of York City , Fred Whitehouse , the chairman of Aston Villa , and Bournemouths managing director , Brian Tiler . Travelling through Latina , south of Rome , at night , their chauffeur-driven minibus was in a head-on collision with a car containing three Italian soldiers . The minibus was flipped onto its roof and skidded 50 yards along the road . Sitting in the seat where Redknapp had usually sat during the trip , Tiler was killed , as were the three occupants of the other vehicle . Redknapp was doused in petrol and pulled clear of the accident by Sinclair . Redknapp suffered a fractured skull , a broken nose , cracked ribs and a gash in his left leg . Ambulance services arriving at the scene believed him dead and placed a blanket over his head . Unconscious for two days , Redknapp was flown home two weeks later in a special air ambulance paid for by Bournemouth . Though he made a full recovery , apart from losing his sense of smell and gaining a facial tic , he eventually quit Bournemouth at the end of the 1991–92 season . West Ham United . For the next season , Redknapp was appointed assistant manager to Billy Bonds at West Ham , another of his former clubs . However , in August 1994 , the club board of directors opted to turn control of the team over to Redknapp and move Bonds into an administrative role . Bonds eventually resigned outright from the club , leaving Redknapp solely in charge . Just months before being promoted to the managers seat at Upton Park , Redknapp was linked with the managerial vacancy at Southampton after the departure of previous manager Ian Branfoot , but the job went to Alan Ball instead . Redknapp helped to establish the club in the FA Premier League and introduced a number of young players from the clubs academy , including Michael Carrick , Joe Cole , Rio Ferdinand and Frank Lampard . The signings of Stuart Pearce , Paolo Di Canio and Trevor Sinclair helped them re-establish their careers having been signed by Redknapp . He also made mistakes in the transfer market , particularly with overseas players , including Marco Boogers , Florin Raducioiu and Paulo Futre . Nevertheless , West Ham finished in eighth position in 1998 and fifth in 1999 , which saw them qualify for the UEFA Intertoto Cup in what was their second-best ever season in the top division . In the 1999–2000 season , West Ham won the Intertoto Cup and qualified for the UEFA Cup but failed to match their performances in the Premier League . Redknapp left West Ham on 9 May 2001 , one match before the end of the 2000–01 season . For some time , it was unconfirmed whether he resigned or was sacked but Redknapp shed new light on the true circumstances in October 2007 : Portsmouth . Redknapp became director of football for Portsmouth in 2001 , and when the Leicester City managers job became vacant with the dismissal of Peter Taylor that autumn , Redknapp was widely tipped to take over at the East Midlands club , but stayed loyal to Pompey , with the Leicester job going to Dave Bassett . Ironically , it was reported in the national media that had Redknapp taken over , Bassett would have been on his coaching staff at the East Midlands club . However , after the clubs poor form , he replaced manager Graham Rix in March 2002 . Redknapp managed the club to the Division One title in the 2002–03 season , gaining promotion to the Premier League , replacing his former club West Ham . Redknapp kept Portsmouth in the Premier League in the 2003–04 season , but had a dispute with Portsmouth owner Milan Mandarić over his assistant Jim Smith . Redknapp had another disagreement with Mandarić over the appointment of Velimir Zajec as director of football and resigned as manager in November 2004 . Southampton . A few weeks after his departure at Portsmouth , Redknapp became manager of Southampton , a move which infuriated Portsmouths supporters , as the two clubs are fierce local rivals . Some fans even bore T-shirts which referred to Redknapp as Scummer and Judas and called for him to Rot in Hell . Redknapp was tasked with keeping Southampton in the Premier League – a similar task to the one Redknapp was facing with Portsmouth , and a familiar one at the club over the previous 15 years , which he would have faced had he accepted the offer to take over a decade earlier – but ultimately was unable to achieve this , ending Southamptons 27-year spell in the top flight . Redknapp remained in charge for the 2005–06 Championship season but was unable to establish consistency needed to make Southampton promotion contenders . Redknapp was also unhappy with chairman Rupert Lowes appointment of Clive Woodward to the clubs coaching staff . After being repeatedly linked with a return to Portsmouth after they sacked Alain Perrin , Redknapp resigned as Southamptons manager in early December 2005 . Lowe quoted Redknapp as referring to Portsmouth as his spiritual home . Return to Portsmouth . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth on 7 December 2005 with the club threatened by relegation to the Championship , although not in the relegation zone . At first it looked like Redknapp would be heading for a second successive relegation , but a fine run of form at the end of the season , aided by the takeover of Portsmouth by Alexandre Gaydamak ( which provided Redknapp with more money ) , ensured Portsmouths survival . In the following season , Redknapp led Portsmouth to a ninth-placed finish which was the clubs highest league finish since the 1950s . In October 2007 , Redknapp signed a new contract at Portsmouth lasting until 2011 . In January 2008 , it emerged through the media that Redknapp was offered the vacant managers job at Newcastle United following the sacking of Sam Allardyce . Redknapp had apparently declined the job , stating , I have a job to do to take this club forward and to walk away would not have been the right thing to do . It was later stated by Newcastle chairman Christopher Mort that Redknapp was interviewed for the job but he was only one of a number of people we were speaking to at that time , and at the time of Redknapps interview the club had already been in secret talks with the eventual appointee , Kevin Keegan , for a week . On 8 March 2008 , Redknapp led Portsmouth to an FA Cup quarter-final victory over Manchester United , completing a hat-trick of FA Cup wins over Manchester United , and followed this with a semi-final victory over West Bromwich Albion at Wembley Stadium on 5 April . He guided the club to their first FA Cup Final in 69 years , where they defeated Cardiff City on 17 May 2008 to win The FA Cup 1–0 , thanks to a goal scored by Nwankwo Kanu . He is the last English manager to win a major English trophy . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth to receive the Freedom of the City in a ceremony on 28 October 2008 . As this event took place two days after his departure for Tottenham Hotspur , he received a mixed reception from the Portsmouth fans , despite having led the club to a long-awaited trophy in the 2008 FA Cup . Tottenham Hotspur . In October 2008 , following the sacking of Juande Ramos by Tottenham Hotspur , the club announced Redknapp had agreed to take over as the new manager at Spurs , the club where he began his playing career . Tottenham paid £5 million in compensation to Portsmouth for releasing Redknapp . Spurs had secured only two points from the first eight matches of the season prior to Redknapps arrival and lay bottom of the Premier League table , but in his first two weeks in charge , he took the club out of the relegation zone , winning 10 out of the 12 points available after wins against Bolton Wanderers , Liverpool and Manchester City , as well as a remarkable 4–4 draw against North London rivals Arsenal . In January 2009 , Redknapp signed five new players in order to add quality and much-needed depth to his squad . He brought back Jermain Defoe from his old club Portsmouth for £15.75 million and Honduran midfielder Wilson Palacios from Wigan Athletic for £12 million . Long-serving Chelsea goalkeeper Carlo Cudicini also joined on a free transfer ; former Spurs player Pascal Chimbonda returned to White Hart Lane from Sunderland for a fee in the region of £3 million ; and Robbie Keane , who like Chimbonda and Defoe had only left Spurs within the last year , re-joined after an unsuccessful spell at Liverpool for an initial fee of £12 million . In the second half of the season , Spurs gradually moved up the league table after a significant improvement in form . In March 2009 , Redknapp led Spurs to the League Cup final , which they lost on penalties to Manchester United . Spurs eventually finished in eighth position with 51 points , narrowly missing out on a UEFA Europa League place . Redknapp made significant alterations to the squad in the summer of 2009 . Striker Darren Bent was sold to Sunderland for an initial fee of £10 million , while midfielder Didier Zokora departed for Sevilla for £7.75 million . In came England international striker Peter Crouch and Croatia midfielder Niko Kranjčar from Portsmouth for £9 million and £2 million respectively along with defender Sébastien Bassong from Newcastle United for £8 million . In 2009–10 , his first full campaign with the club , Redknapp guided Spurs to one of their most successful Premier League campaigns to date . Beginning with four consecutive wins , Spurs went on to finish in fourth place with 70 points , therefore gaining the chance to qualify for the UEFA Champions League via a play-off . As a result of his efforts , he won the Premier League Manager of the Year award , only the second manager to do so in a season when his side did not win the title . On 13 July 2010 , it was confirmed Spurs had extended Redknapps contract until the end of the 2013 season . On 25 August 2010 , Spurs confirmed their position in the Champions League group stage by overturning a first-leg deficit to defeat Swiss team Young Boys at White Hart Lane in the Champions League play-off . After a surprising run to the quarter-finals , Spurs were eliminated in April 2011 after a 5–0 aggregate defeat to Real Madrid . Spurs ended the Premier League season in fifth position with 62 points . Although not enough to secure a second year of Champions League football , this finish instead meant that Redknapps Spurs qualified for the Europa League . In the 2011–12 season , Redknapp signed 40-year-old goalkeeper Brad Friedel after his contract expired with Aston Villa . He also made a season-long loan move for Manchester City striker Emmanuel Adebayor . On transfer deadline day , he signed English midfielder Scott Parker for an undisclosed fee from West Ham . Redknapp then went on to win the Premier League Manager of the Month award for September and November . Despite leading Tottenham to their second fourth-placed finish in three years and missing out on UEFA Champions League qualification only due to Chelsea winning the competition , Redknapp was sacked by Tottenham on 13 June 2012 , after reportedly failing to agree terms on a new contract . Queens Park Rangers . On 24 November 2012 , Redknapp , who had been working at former club Bournemouth in an advisory role , was appointed as manager of Queens Park Rangers , taking over from Mark Hughes , whose contract was terminated the previous day . QPR were bottom with only four points from 12 matches . His first match in charge of QPR came on 27 November , a 0–0 draw away to Sunderland . Redknapp earned his first win as QPR manager , and the clubs first Premier League victory of the 2012–13 season , on 15 December after defeating Fulham 2–1 at Loftus Road . On 2 January 2013 , Redknapp led QPR to a 1–0 victory away from home against reigning European champions Chelsea . This was QPRs first away win in the Premier League since November 2011 and their first top flight victory at Stamford Bridge since March 1979 . His first match against Tottenham since being sacked by the North London club came on 12 January 2013 , with Redknapp leading QPR to a 0–0 draw at Loftus Road . On 28 April 2013 , after a 0–0 draw against fellow relegation rivals Reading , and with three matches of the season to play , QPR were relegated from the Premier League to the Championship after two seasons in the top flight . After a single season in the Championship , Redknapp managed QPR to a 1–0 victory in the Play-off Final against Derby County on 24 May 2014 at Wembley Stadium , returning the club to the Premier League . On 3 February 2015 , Redknapp resigned as manager of QPR . With an imminent knee operation , Redknapp said that he could not give 100% to the job and that it would be better for someone else to take over as manager . Les Ferdinand and Chris Ramsey were placed in temporary charge . In April 2015 , Redknapp expanded on his reasons for leaving QPR , stating he had also left the club because he no longer knew who was on my side . At his time of departure , QPR were in second-last position in the Premier League with 19 points from 23 matches and a record zero points from away matches . Jordan . In March 2016 , Redknapp was appointed manager of Jordan national team alongside his former assistant , Kevin Bond , for the countrys next two qualifying matches for the 2018 FIFA World Cup . Redknapps first match as Jordan manager , on 24 March , ended in an 8–0 win over Bangladesh . This was followed by a 5–1 defeat to Australia . Birmingham City and retirement . On 18 April 2017 , Redknapp was announced as the manager of Birmingham City until the end of the season after the resignation of Gianfranco Zola . His first match in charge was a 1–0 loss to local rivals Aston Villa . The final two matches of the season saw Redknapps team beat Huddersfield Town 2–0 , followed by a 1–0 away win at Bristol City , allowing Birmingham to escape any threat of relegation . In May 2017 , Redknapp signed a one-year deal to continue as Birmingham manager for another season . Kevin Bond was reunited with Redknapp as assistant manager , replacing the outgoing Steve Cotterill . His first signings were David Stockdale , Marc Roberts and Cheikh NDoye . On 16 September 2017 , after five straight league defeats that left the team second bottom in the table , a statement from Birmingham City said the club were left with no choice but to terminate the contract of the manager with immediate effect . After his sacking , Redknapp said that there was every chance his role as Birmingham manager would be his last managerial job . A month later , Redknapp confirmed his retirement from management after 34 years in the dugout . Other roles . In January 2016 , Redknapp made a return to football as a director at Wimborne Town . In March 2016 , he was named as a football advisor for Derby County until the end of the 2015–16 season . On 29 April 2016 , it was announced that Redknapp was to join Australian side Central Coast Mariners as a football consultant . In October 2017 , following his departure from Birmingham City , Redknapp briefly joined League Two club Yeovil Town in a voluntary advisory role to manager Darren Way . On 8 February 2021 , Redknapp returned to Bournemouth to assist caretaker manager Jonathan Woodgate . Corruption allegations and arrest . On 19 September 2006 , Redknapp was shown on camera by BBC Panorama taking part in what appeared to be an interest in approaching a player in a manner forbidden by FA rules . Redknapp denied that his conversation about then-Blackburn Rovers player Andy Todd with the football agent Peter Harrison amounted to tapping up or improperly approaching the player . Redknapp referred to Todd as a tough bastard during the conversation and suggested he would be interested in signing the player on a full-time basis if he was available . Redknapp told the BBC he has never taken a bung and had given Kevin Bond no reason to think otherwise and that he considers himself to be one million percent innocent . In the final report of the Stevens inquiry , published in June 2007 , the only criticism of Redknapp concerned his ownership of a racehorse named Double Fantasy thought to have been given to him by the agent Willie McKay , which has aroused some suspicion . Redknapp told the inquiry it was possible he did own the horse but insisted he had not made any money out of it because the horse was a failure and never won a race . On 28 November 2007 , Redknapp , along with Portsmouths managing director Peter Storrie , former Portsmouth chairman Milan Mandarić , agent Willie McKay and footballer Amdy Faye had been arrested by City of London Police on suspicion of conspiracy to defraud and false accounting . Redknapp was later released without charge and announced his intention to sue the police because of his arrest , considering it as the reason for the failure of the FA to consider him for manager of the England national team after the sacking of Steve McClaren . The High Court ruled in May 2008 that the raid by City of London Police officers , on Redknapps home in Poole , was illegal and quashed the search warrants , calling their actions wholly unacceptable and ordering them to pay £1,000 damages to Redknapp as well as part of his legal costs . Following further investigation by HM Revenue & Customs as part of the corruption enquiry , in January 2010 , Redknapp was charged with two counts of cheating the public revenue , along with Milan Mandarić . The charge related to a £189,000 payment from Mandarić to Redknapp via a bank account in Monaco . The trial began at Southwark Crown Court on 23 January 2012 . Part of Redknapps defence was that he was both dyscalculic and dyslexic and therefore had difficulty in dealing with transfer contracts . He was found not guilty on both counts on 8 February 2012 . England managers job . Redknapps acquittal came just hours before the resignation of England national team head coach Fabio Capello . Two days later , he refused to rule himself out of the running for the job , but said it would be very difficult to combine the role with his then position as Tottenham manager . A few weeks later , the FA appointed Roy Hodgson as manager . Personal life . Redknapp and his wife Sandra have two sons : Jamie , a football pundit and former professional footballer ; and Mark , a model . Jamie made his professional debut under his father at Bournemouth in 1990 before moving on to Liverpool and later Tottenham Hotspur and lastly Southampton before retiring in 2005 . Harrys grandson via his son Mark , also called Harry Redknapp , signed for Bournemouth during May 2014 . His nephew is former England midfielder Frank Lampard , Jr . whose parents are Sandras late twin sister , Patricia , and Harrys former teammate and managerial assistant Frank Lampard , Sr . Redknapp and his wife are the fundraising presidents for the Southampton-based charity Leukaemia Busters , a role they took over in 2004 previously held by former cricketer David Gower and his wife Thorunn . Redknapp and his wife also own a property development company , Pierfront Developments . In August 2011 , it was announced that a housing development their company was building in Southsea , Hampshire , would go ahead without affordable housing . The £600,000 they offered to the council to build affordable homes elsewhere , was accepted by the council . Opponents of the scheme estimated this will only be enough to build eight homes instead of the 28 that council policy says they should be building in this development . In October 2019 , planning permission was granted for the company to convert a homeless shelter in Bournemouth into flats , despite pleas from residents who told planning authorities that the development would exacerbate homelessness and put their welfare at risk . In January 2011 , Redknapp was mugged while attending a football match in Madrid . On 2 November 2011 , he had an operation to unblock coronary arteries . Redknapp wrote for the online gambling company , Betfair , as its Euro 2012 columnist . In 1998 Redknapp published his autobiography , Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography . It was co-written with Derek McGovern . His second autobiography , Always Managing , was published in 2013 . It was ghostwritten by journalist Martin Samuel . Redknapp was a contestant in the 2018 series of Im a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here ! He subsequently won the show , and was crowned King of the Jungle . Honours . Player . England U18 - UEFA European Under-18 Championship : 1964 Manager . AFC Bournemouth - Associate Members Cup : 1983–84 West Ham United - UEFA Intertoto Cup : 1999 Portsmouth - Football League First Division : 2002–03 - FA Cup : 2007–08 Tottenham Hotspur - Football League Cup runner-up : 2008–09 Queens Park Rangers - Football League Championship play-offs : 2014 Individual - Premier League Manager of the Season : 2009–10 - Premier League Manager of the Month : November 1998 , April 2004 , October 2004 , March 2005 , April 2006 , August 2009 , September 2011 , November 2011 Bibliography . Autobiography . - Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography ( CollinsWillow , 1998 ) - Always Managing : My Autobiography ( Ebury Press , 2013 ) - A Man Walks On To a Pitch : Stories from a Life in Football ( Ebury Press , 2014 ) - It Shouldnt Happen to a Manager ( Ebury Press , 2016 ) External links . - Harry Redknapp West Ham United statistics - Harry Hotspur – The Start of a revolution Shelfside Spurs |
[
"Seattle Sounders"
] | easy | Which team did Harry Redknapp play for from 1976 to 1979? | /wiki/Harry_Redknapp#P54#2 | Harry Redknapp Henry James Redknapp ( born 2 March 1947 ) is an English former football manager and player . He has previously managed AFC Bournemouth , West Ham United , Portsmouth , Southampton , Tottenham Hotspur , Queens Park Rangers and Birmingham City . In his second spell at Portsmouth , he managed the side that won the 2008 FA Cup . At the conclusion of the 2009–10 season , he guided Tottenham into the UEFA Champions League . Redknapp announced his retirement from football management in 2017 . His son , Jamie Redknapp , played under him at Bournemouth and Southampton . He is also uncle to Frank Lampard , who played under him at West Ham United . Early life . Redknapp was born in Poplar , London , the only child of Henry Joseph William Redknapp ( 1922–1996 ) and Violet May Brown ( 1924–2001 ) . At age 11 , while Redknapp was playing for East London Schools football , he was spotted by Dickie Walker , a Tottenham Hotspur scout . From there , Redknapp grew in the Tottenham youth ranks playing at Cheshunt , meeting the likes of Bill Nicholson , Dave Mackay and Danny Blanchflower . At age 15 , Redknapp moved to West Ham United and played alongside Bobby Moore . In a 2008 interview , Redknapp stated as part of a tribute to Tom Finney , I was a big Arsenal fan as a kid and I remember seeing him play against Tommy Docherty one night . After being appointed Tottenham manager later in 2008 , Redknapp stressed his Tottenham connections as well , stating:I am a big follower of the history of the game and Tottenham have been a great club over the years . I followed Tottenham , I trained there as an 11-year-old , 12-year-old so I know the history of the club . It is a big , big club . Club career . West Ham United . During his playing career , Redknapp played as a midfielder . He began his career with Tottenham Hotspur , playing for the youth team until he was 15 years old , when he moved to West Ham United . He first broke into the first team at West Ham in the 1965–66 seasons , making seven appearances and scoring one goal . He made his debut for West Ham in a 1–1 draw at home to Sunderland on 23 August 1965 . His first goal came in a 4–1 away win over Tottenham on 8 April 1966 . Redknapp made his first start of the 1966–67 season , and scored his second goal for the club , on 3 December 1966 in a 3–0 win over West Bromwich Albion . Redknapp made 12 League appearances scoring once during his second season . During the 1967–68 season , he made 28 League appearances and scored twice , the first in a 4–2 home win over Burnley on 21 August 1967 and the second in a 5–1 away win over Sunderland on 6 September 1967 . During the 1968–69 season , Redknapp made 42 appearances and scored three times , with 36 appearances coming in the league ( along with two goals ) , three in the FA Cup appearances and three in the League Cup ( along with one goal ) . His first league goal of the season came in a 4–0 win over West Brom on 31 August 1968 , while the next came in a match in the League Cup against Bolton Wanderers , which West Ham won 4–0 . Redknapp received a red card in a 2–0 away defeat at Leeds United on 12 October 1968 . He had been booked for fouling Billy Bremner and was dismissed by the referee for dissent . His third goal of the season came in a 4–3 win over Queens Park Rangers on 2 November 1968 . Redknapp made his first appearance of the 1969–70 season on 9 August 1969 in a 1–0 home win over Newcastle United , while his first goal of the season came in a 3–0 home win over Sheffield Wednesday on 2 September 1969 . Redknapp made 26 total appearances and scored one goal ; 23 of his appearances came in the league . During the 1970–71 season , Redknapp made 21 league appearances with one more coming in the League Cup . He then made a further 35 appearances during the 1971–72 season with 22 of them coming in the league . This would be his last season at the club before he moved to AFC Bournemouth for the 1972–73 season . He made 175 total appearances in both league and cup action for West Ham , scoring eight times over seven seasons . AFC Bournemouth . Redknapp joined Division 3 AFC Bournemouth in 1972 from West Ham . He spent four seasons with the south coast side between 1972 and 1976 . In the 1972–73 season , Redknapp made 37 appearances with 34 of them coming in the league scoring once in the league and Bournemouth finished seventh in the league . He made a further 46 appearances scoring five times during the 1973–74 season with 39 appearances in the league . Redknapp made 19 ( all league ) appearances during the 1974–75 season as Bournemouth were relegated to the Fourth Division . In 1975–76 , he only managed nine appearances . At the end of the 1975–76 season , he moved to then Fourth Division side Brentford , where he made one appearance during the 1976–77 season . Seattle Sounders . In 1976 , Redknapp joined North American Soccer League ( NASL ) club Seattle Sounders as a player-coach . He made 15 appearances during the 1976 season as they reached the playoffs after finishing second in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing to the Minnesota Kicks in the Division Championship . Before returning to Seattle , he appeared briefly for AP Leamington in the Southern League Premier Division . Redknapp then made five appearances during the 1977 season as they finished third in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , before losing out in Soccer Bowl 77 to Pelés New York Cosmos , 2–1 . Redknapp went on to make three appearances in the 1978 season and just the one in the 1979 season , before joining up with old teammate and 1966 World Cup-winning captain Bobby Moore . In 1980 he was contracted to play with ASL expansion team the Phoenix Fire , but the team folded in pre-season . International career . Redknapp represented England at youth level when he was 17 . He was in the side that won the 1964 UEFA European Under-18 Championship after defeating Spain 4–0 in the final . Management and coaching career . Seattle Sounders and Oxford City . Redknapp began his management career as player-assistant manager of NASL club Seattle Sounders from 1976 to 1979 under Jimmy Gabriel . During his time with Seattle , Redknapp made 24 appearances , helping the side to second place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , in his first season as player-coach , and then to third place in the Pacific Conference , Western Division , for the 1977 season , taking them to the final of the Soccer Bowl before losing to Pelés New York Cosmos . During the 1978 season , Redknapp helped Seattle to a third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , before they lost in the first round of the playoffs , again to the New York Cosmos . In his final year in Seattle , he helped them to another third-place finish in the National Conference , Western Division , but this time they failed to qualify for the playoffs . Redknapp then assisted his former West Ham teammate Bobby Moore at Isthmian League club Oxford City . AFC Bournemouth . At the beginning of the 1982–83 season , Redknapp took up his first major coaching role as assistant manager to David Webb at AFC Bournemouth , six years after leaving the club as a player . Redknapp applied for the managers job when Webb moved to Torquay United partway through that season , but was overlooked in favour of Don Megson . Megson was sacked in late 1983 as Bournemouth were in the Third Division relegation places , and Redknapp was hired as his replacement in October 1983 . In his first season at the helm , Redknapp helped Bournemouth avoid relegation to the Fourth Division . Bournemouth also caused a shock in the FA Cup when they defeated holders Manchester United 2–0 in the third round . He led Bournemouth to victory in the inaugural Associate Members Cup by beating Hull City in the final . Bournemouth won the Third Division title in 1987 with 97 points , breaking the clubs record for the most points accumulated in a season . After two years at this level , Bournemouth were relegated at the end of their third season . Bournemouth were in 13th position on 3 March , but injuries which depleted the squad , combined with a catastrophic loss of form , meant they won only one more match that season , and were relegated on 5 May after a 1–0 defeat at Dean Court against Leeds United . Road accident . In June 1990 , while in Italy to watch the 1990 FIFA World Cup , Redknapp was involved in a road accident along with Michael Sinclair , the chairman of York City , Fred Whitehouse , the chairman of Aston Villa , and Bournemouths managing director , Brian Tiler . Travelling through Latina , south of Rome , at night , their chauffeur-driven minibus was in a head-on collision with a car containing three Italian soldiers . The minibus was flipped onto its roof and skidded 50 yards along the road . Sitting in the seat where Redknapp had usually sat during the trip , Tiler was killed , as were the three occupants of the other vehicle . Redknapp was doused in petrol and pulled clear of the accident by Sinclair . Redknapp suffered a fractured skull , a broken nose , cracked ribs and a gash in his left leg . Ambulance services arriving at the scene believed him dead and placed a blanket over his head . Unconscious for two days , Redknapp was flown home two weeks later in a special air ambulance paid for by Bournemouth . Though he made a full recovery , apart from losing his sense of smell and gaining a facial tic , he eventually quit Bournemouth at the end of the 1991–92 season . West Ham United . For the next season , Redknapp was appointed assistant manager to Billy Bonds at West Ham , another of his former clubs . However , in August 1994 , the club board of directors opted to turn control of the team over to Redknapp and move Bonds into an administrative role . Bonds eventually resigned outright from the club , leaving Redknapp solely in charge . Just months before being promoted to the managers seat at Upton Park , Redknapp was linked with the managerial vacancy at Southampton after the departure of previous manager Ian Branfoot , but the job went to Alan Ball instead . Redknapp helped to establish the club in the FA Premier League and introduced a number of young players from the clubs academy , including Michael Carrick , Joe Cole , Rio Ferdinand and Frank Lampard . The signings of Stuart Pearce , Paolo Di Canio and Trevor Sinclair helped them re-establish their careers having been signed by Redknapp . He also made mistakes in the transfer market , particularly with overseas players , including Marco Boogers , Florin Raducioiu and Paulo Futre . Nevertheless , West Ham finished in eighth position in 1998 and fifth in 1999 , which saw them qualify for the UEFA Intertoto Cup in what was their second-best ever season in the top division . In the 1999–2000 season , West Ham won the Intertoto Cup and qualified for the UEFA Cup but failed to match their performances in the Premier League . Redknapp left West Ham on 9 May 2001 , one match before the end of the 2000–01 season . For some time , it was unconfirmed whether he resigned or was sacked but Redknapp shed new light on the true circumstances in October 2007 : Portsmouth . Redknapp became director of football for Portsmouth in 2001 , and when the Leicester City managers job became vacant with the dismissal of Peter Taylor that autumn , Redknapp was widely tipped to take over at the East Midlands club , but stayed loyal to Pompey , with the Leicester job going to Dave Bassett . Ironically , it was reported in the national media that had Redknapp taken over , Bassett would have been on his coaching staff at the East Midlands club . However , after the clubs poor form , he replaced manager Graham Rix in March 2002 . Redknapp managed the club to the Division One title in the 2002–03 season , gaining promotion to the Premier League , replacing his former club West Ham . Redknapp kept Portsmouth in the Premier League in the 2003–04 season , but had a dispute with Portsmouth owner Milan Mandarić over his assistant Jim Smith . Redknapp had another disagreement with Mandarić over the appointment of Velimir Zajec as director of football and resigned as manager in November 2004 . Southampton . A few weeks after his departure at Portsmouth , Redknapp became manager of Southampton , a move which infuriated Portsmouths supporters , as the two clubs are fierce local rivals . Some fans even bore T-shirts which referred to Redknapp as Scummer and Judas and called for him to Rot in Hell . Redknapp was tasked with keeping Southampton in the Premier League – a similar task to the one Redknapp was facing with Portsmouth , and a familiar one at the club over the previous 15 years , which he would have faced had he accepted the offer to take over a decade earlier – but ultimately was unable to achieve this , ending Southamptons 27-year spell in the top flight . Redknapp remained in charge for the 2005–06 Championship season but was unable to establish consistency needed to make Southampton promotion contenders . Redknapp was also unhappy with chairman Rupert Lowes appointment of Clive Woodward to the clubs coaching staff . After being repeatedly linked with a return to Portsmouth after they sacked Alain Perrin , Redknapp resigned as Southamptons manager in early December 2005 . Lowe quoted Redknapp as referring to Portsmouth as his spiritual home . Return to Portsmouth . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth on 7 December 2005 with the club threatened by relegation to the Championship , although not in the relegation zone . At first it looked like Redknapp would be heading for a second successive relegation , but a fine run of form at the end of the season , aided by the takeover of Portsmouth by Alexandre Gaydamak ( which provided Redknapp with more money ) , ensured Portsmouths survival . In the following season , Redknapp led Portsmouth to a ninth-placed finish which was the clubs highest league finish since the 1950s . In October 2007 , Redknapp signed a new contract at Portsmouth lasting until 2011 . In January 2008 , it emerged through the media that Redknapp was offered the vacant managers job at Newcastle United following the sacking of Sam Allardyce . Redknapp had apparently declined the job , stating , I have a job to do to take this club forward and to walk away would not have been the right thing to do . It was later stated by Newcastle chairman Christopher Mort that Redknapp was interviewed for the job but he was only one of a number of people we were speaking to at that time , and at the time of Redknapps interview the club had already been in secret talks with the eventual appointee , Kevin Keegan , for a week . On 8 March 2008 , Redknapp led Portsmouth to an FA Cup quarter-final victory over Manchester United , completing a hat-trick of FA Cup wins over Manchester United , and followed this with a semi-final victory over West Bromwich Albion at Wembley Stadium on 5 April . He guided the club to their first FA Cup Final in 69 years , where they defeated Cardiff City on 17 May 2008 to win The FA Cup 1–0 , thanks to a goal scored by Nwankwo Kanu . He is the last English manager to win a major English trophy . Redknapp returned to Portsmouth to receive the Freedom of the City in a ceremony on 28 October 2008 . As this event took place two days after his departure for Tottenham Hotspur , he received a mixed reception from the Portsmouth fans , despite having led the club to a long-awaited trophy in the 2008 FA Cup . Tottenham Hotspur . In October 2008 , following the sacking of Juande Ramos by Tottenham Hotspur , the club announced Redknapp had agreed to take over as the new manager at Spurs , the club where he began his playing career . Tottenham paid £5 million in compensation to Portsmouth for releasing Redknapp . Spurs had secured only two points from the first eight matches of the season prior to Redknapps arrival and lay bottom of the Premier League table , but in his first two weeks in charge , he took the club out of the relegation zone , winning 10 out of the 12 points available after wins against Bolton Wanderers , Liverpool and Manchester City , as well as a remarkable 4–4 draw against North London rivals Arsenal . In January 2009 , Redknapp signed five new players in order to add quality and much-needed depth to his squad . He brought back Jermain Defoe from his old club Portsmouth for £15.75 million and Honduran midfielder Wilson Palacios from Wigan Athletic for £12 million . Long-serving Chelsea goalkeeper Carlo Cudicini also joined on a free transfer ; former Spurs player Pascal Chimbonda returned to White Hart Lane from Sunderland for a fee in the region of £3 million ; and Robbie Keane , who like Chimbonda and Defoe had only left Spurs within the last year , re-joined after an unsuccessful spell at Liverpool for an initial fee of £12 million . In the second half of the season , Spurs gradually moved up the league table after a significant improvement in form . In March 2009 , Redknapp led Spurs to the League Cup final , which they lost on penalties to Manchester United . Spurs eventually finished in eighth position with 51 points , narrowly missing out on a UEFA Europa League place . Redknapp made significant alterations to the squad in the summer of 2009 . Striker Darren Bent was sold to Sunderland for an initial fee of £10 million , while midfielder Didier Zokora departed for Sevilla for £7.75 million . In came England international striker Peter Crouch and Croatia midfielder Niko Kranjčar from Portsmouth for £9 million and £2 million respectively along with defender Sébastien Bassong from Newcastle United for £8 million . In 2009–10 , his first full campaign with the club , Redknapp guided Spurs to one of their most successful Premier League campaigns to date . Beginning with four consecutive wins , Spurs went on to finish in fourth place with 70 points , therefore gaining the chance to qualify for the UEFA Champions League via a play-off . As a result of his efforts , he won the Premier League Manager of the Year award , only the second manager to do so in a season when his side did not win the title . On 13 July 2010 , it was confirmed Spurs had extended Redknapps contract until the end of the 2013 season . On 25 August 2010 , Spurs confirmed their position in the Champions League group stage by overturning a first-leg deficit to defeat Swiss team Young Boys at White Hart Lane in the Champions League play-off . After a surprising run to the quarter-finals , Spurs were eliminated in April 2011 after a 5–0 aggregate defeat to Real Madrid . Spurs ended the Premier League season in fifth position with 62 points . Although not enough to secure a second year of Champions League football , this finish instead meant that Redknapps Spurs qualified for the Europa League . In the 2011–12 season , Redknapp signed 40-year-old goalkeeper Brad Friedel after his contract expired with Aston Villa . He also made a season-long loan move for Manchester City striker Emmanuel Adebayor . On transfer deadline day , he signed English midfielder Scott Parker for an undisclosed fee from West Ham . Redknapp then went on to win the Premier League Manager of the Month award for September and November . Despite leading Tottenham to their second fourth-placed finish in three years and missing out on UEFA Champions League qualification only due to Chelsea winning the competition , Redknapp was sacked by Tottenham on 13 June 2012 , after reportedly failing to agree terms on a new contract . Queens Park Rangers . On 24 November 2012 , Redknapp , who had been working at former club Bournemouth in an advisory role , was appointed as manager of Queens Park Rangers , taking over from Mark Hughes , whose contract was terminated the previous day . QPR were bottom with only four points from 12 matches . His first match in charge of QPR came on 27 November , a 0–0 draw away to Sunderland . Redknapp earned his first win as QPR manager , and the clubs first Premier League victory of the 2012–13 season , on 15 December after defeating Fulham 2–1 at Loftus Road . On 2 January 2013 , Redknapp led QPR to a 1–0 victory away from home against reigning European champions Chelsea . This was QPRs first away win in the Premier League since November 2011 and their first top flight victory at Stamford Bridge since March 1979 . His first match against Tottenham since being sacked by the North London club came on 12 January 2013 , with Redknapp leading QPR to a 0–0 draw at Loftus Road . On 28 April 2013 , after a 0–0 draw against fellow relegation rivals Reading , and with three matches of the season to play , QPR were relegated from the Premier League to the Championship after two seasons in the top flight . After a single season in the Championship , Redknapp managed QPR to a 1–0 victory in the Play-off Final against Derby County on 24 May 2014 at Wembley Stadium , returning the club to the Premier League . On 3 February 2015 , Redknapp resigned as manager of QPR . With an imminent knee operation , Redknapp said that he could not give 100% to the job and that it would be better for someone else to take over as manager . Les Ferdinand and Chris Ramsey were placed in temporary charge . In April 2015 , Redknapp expanded on his reasons for leaving QPR , stating he had also left the club because he no longer knew who was on my side . At his time of departure , QPR were in second-last position in the Premier League with 19 points from 23 matches and a record zero points from away matches . Jordan . In March 2016 , Redknapp was appointed manager of Jordan national team alongside his former assistant , Kevin Bond , for the countrys next two qualifying matches for the 2018 FIFA World Cup . Redknapps first match as Jordan manager , on 24 March , ended in an 8–0 win over Bangladesh . This was followed by a 5–1 defeat to Australia . Birmingham City and retirement . On 18 April 2017 , Redknapp was announced as the manager of Birmingham City until the end of the season after the resignation of Gianfranco Zola . His first match in charge was a 1–0 loss to local rivals Aston Villa . The final two matches of the season saw Redknapps team beat Huddersfield Town 2–0 , followed by a 1–0 away win at Bristol City , allowing Birmingham to escape any threat of relegation . In May 2017 , Redknapp signed a one-year deal to continue as Birmingham manager for another season . Kevin Bond was reunited with Redknapp as assistant manager , replacing the outgoing Steve Cotterill . His first signings were David Stockdale , Marc Roberts and Cheikh NDoye . On 16 September 2017 , after five straight league defeats that left the team second bottom in the table , a statement from Birmingham City said the club were left with no choice but to terminate the contract of the manager with immediate effect . After his sacking , Redknapp said that there was every chance his role as Birmingham manager would be his last managerial job . A month later , Redknapp confirmed his retirement from management after 34 years in the dugout . Other roles . In January 2016 , Redknapp made a return to football as a director at Wimborne Town . In March 2016 , he was named as a football advisor for Derby County until the end of the 2015–16 season . On 29 April 2016 , it was announced that Redknapp was to join Australian side Central Coast Mariners as a football consultant . In October 2017 , following his departure from Birmingham City , Redknapp briefly joined League Two club Yeovil Town in a voluntary advisory role to manager Darren Way . On 8 February 2021 , Redknapp returned to Bournemouth to assist caretaker manager Jonathan Woodgate . Corruption allegations and arrest . On 19 September 2006 , Redknapp was shown on camera by BBC Panorama taking part in what appeared to be an interest in approaching a player in a manner forbidden by FA rules . Redknapp denied that his conversation about then-Blackburn Rovers player Andy Todd with the football agent Peter Harrison amounted to tapping up or improperly approaching the player . Redknapp referred to Todd as a tough bastard during the conversation and suggested he would be interested in signing the player on a full-time basis if he was available . Redknapp told the BBC he has never taken a bung and had given Kevin Bond no reason to think otherwise and that he considers himself to be one million percent innocent . In the final report of the Stevens inquiry , published in June 2007 , the only criticism of Redknapp concerned his ownership of a racehorse named Double Fantasy thought to have been given to him by the agent Willie McKay , which has aroused some suspicion . Redknapp told the inquiry it was possible he did own the horse but insisted he had not made any money out of it because the horse was a failure and never won a race . On 28 November 2007 , Redknapp , along with Portsmouths managing director Peter Storrie , former Portsmouth chairman Milan Mandarić , agent Willie McKay and footballer Amdy Faye had been arrested by City of London Police on suspicion of conspiracy to defraud and false accounting . Redknapp was later released without charge and announced his intention to sue the police because of his arrest , considering it as the reason for the failure of the FA to consider him for manager of the England national team after the sacking of Steve McClaren . The High Court ruled in May 2008 that the raid by City of London Police officers , on Redknapps home in Poole , was illegal and quashed the search warrants , calling their actions wholly unacceptable and ordering them to pay £1,000 damages to Redknapp as well as part of his legal costs . Following further investigation by HM Revenue & Customs as part of the corruption enquiry , in January 2010 , Redknapp was charged with two counts of cheating the public revenue , along with Milan Mandarić . The charge related to a £189,000 payment from Mandarić to Redknapp via a bank account in Monaco . The trial began at Southwark Crown Court on 23 January 2012 . Part of Redknapps defence was that he was both dyscalculic and dyslexic and therefore had difficulty in dealing with transfer contracts . He was found not guilty on both counts on 8 February 2012 . England managers job . Redknapps acquittal came just hours before the resignation of England national team head coach Fabio Capello . Two days later , he refused to rule himself out of the running for the job , but said it would be very difficult to combine the role with his then position as Tottenham manager . A few weeks later , the FA appointed Roy Hodgson as manager . Personal life . Redknapp and his wife Sandra have two sons : Jamie , a football pundit and former professional footballer ; and Mark , a model . Jamie made his professional debut under his father at Bournemouth in 1990 before moving on to Liverpool and later Tottenham Hotspur and lastly Southampton before retiring in 2005 . Harrys grandson via his son Mark , also called Harry Redknapp , signed for Bournemouth during May 2014 . His nephew is former England midfielder Frank Lampard , Jr . whose parents are Sandras late twin sister , Patricia , and Harrys former teammate and managerial assistant Frank Lampard , Sr . Redknapp and his wife are the fundraising presidents for the Southampton-based charity Leukaemia Busters , a role they took over in 2004 previously held by former cricketer David Gower and his wife Thorunn . Redknapp and his wife also own a property development company , Pierfront Developments . In August 2011 , it was announced that a housing development their company was building in Southsea , Hampshire , would go ahead without affordable housing . The £600,000 they offered to the council to build affordable homes elsewhere , was accepted by the council . Opponents of the scheme estimated this will only be enough to build eight homes instead of the 28 that council policy says they should be building in this development . In October 2019 , planning permission was granted for the company to convert a homeless shelter in Bournemouth into flats , despite pleas from residents who told planning authorities that the development would exacerbate homelessness and put their welfare at risk . In January 2011 , Redknapp was mugged while attending a football match in Madrid . On 2 November 2011 , he had an operation to unblock coronary arteries . Redknapp wrote for the online gambling company , Betfair , as its Euro 2012 columnist . In 1998 Redknapp published his autobiography , Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography . It was co-written with Derek McGovern . His second autobiography , Always Managing , was published in 2013 . It was ghostwritten by journalist Martin Samuel . Redknapp was a contestant in the 2018 series of Im a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here ! He subsequently won the show , and was crowned King of the Jungle . Honours . Player . England U18 - UEFA European Under-18 Championship : 1964 Manager . AFC Bournemouth - Associate Members Cup : 1983–84 West Ham United - UEFA Intertoto Cup : 1999 Portsmouth - Football League First Division : 2002–03 - FA Cup : 2007–08 Tottenham Hotspur - Football League Cup runner-up : 2008–09 Queens Park Rangers - Football League Championship play-offs : 2014 Individual - Premier League Manager of the Season : 2009–10 - Premier League Manager of the Month : November 1998 , April 2004 , October 2004 , March 2005 , April 2006 , August 2009 , September 2011 , November 2011 Bibliography . Autobiography . - Harry Redknapp : My Autobiography ( CollinsWillow , 1998 ) - Always Managing : My Autobiography ( Ebury Press , 2013 ) - A Man Walks On To a Pitch : Stories from a Life in Football ( Ebury Press , 2014 ) - It Shouldnt Happen to a Manager ( Ebury Press , 2016 ) External links . - Harry Redknapp West Ham United statistics - Harry Hotspur – The Start of a revolution Shelfside Spurs |
[
"National Police Commissioner"
] | easy | Carl Persson took which position from Jul 1964 to 1976? | /wiki/Carl_Persson#P39#0 | Carl Persson Carl Johan Gunnar Persson ( 14 December 1919 – 6 November 2014 ) was a Swedish jurist and politician . Persson served as the National Police Commissioner of the Swedish Police Authority from 1964 to 1978 . His highest profile investigations during his tenure as National Police Commissioner included the hijacking of Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 130 to Bulltofta Airport in 1972 , the Norrmalmstorg robbery in 1973 , and the West German Embassy siege by the Red Army Faction in 1975 . Persson also served as the president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and as Governor of Halland County from 1978 to 1979 and the Governor of the former county of Gothenburg and Bohus from 1979 to 1980 . Career . Persson was born in Kvidinge , Kristianstad County , Sweden , the son of captain Carl Johan Persson and his wife Anni ( née Vallin ) . He passed studentexamen in Helsingborg in 1938 and received a Candidate of Law degree from Lund University in 1942 . Persson did his clerkship in Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1942 to 1945 , and became a Legal Clerk in Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal in 1945 . Persson served as a tingsrätt secretary in the Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1948 to 1949 ( acting in 1947 ) and as an assessor in 1951 . He became hovrättsråd in 1961 . Persson was notary and secretary in Second Committee on Civil Law ( Andra lagutskottet ) of the Riksdag from 1949 to 1952 , and an expert in the Ministry of Justice in 1954 , and in the Ministry of the Interior from 1954 to 1955 . Persson was head of the lagbyrå in the Ministry of the Interior in 1955 and became head of the Legal Department in 1957 . He was State Secretary from 1958 to 1964 and then served as National Police Commissioner and head of the Swedish National Police Board from 1964 to 1978 . Persson also served as president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and then as Governor of Halland County in 1978 , as well as Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County from 1979 to 1980 . He was a member of the International Health Care Affairs Committee from 1958 , a delegate of the World Health Organization in 1959 and 1961 , and chair of the Nordic Commission on the common labor market for doctors and dentists from 1958 to 1962 . Persson was chairman of the Mental Health Care Council ( Mentalsjukvårdsberedningen ) 1959-1962 , the organization of body and mental health care in Östergötland County from 1962 to 1964 , the City of Gothenburg merging with the Gothenburg and Bohus Countys county council from 1962 to 1970 , the Organizing Committee of the Bailiffs System ( Exekutionsväsendets organisationsnämnd ) from 1964 to 1969 and the investigation of the headship of the Karolinska Hospital in 1978 . Furthermore , Persson was chairman of the natural resource delegation of the Coordinating Board of the Swedish Research Councils ( Forskningsrådsnämndens naturresursdelegation ) , Emergency Services Commission ( Räddningstjänstkommissionen ) , the Theft Investigation , National Bacteriological Laboratory ( Statens bakteriologiska laboratorium ) Investigation , the Investigation of Nuclear Power Preparedness from 1987 to 1989 , the Delegation for Patient Transport by Helicopter from 1989 to 1991 , chairman of the Committee for Teaching of the Hospitals Expansion from 1981 to 1990 and the Disaster Commission ( Katastrofkommissionen ) from 1982 to 1990 . Persson was also chairman of the board of Kabi-Vitrum , Kabi Gen , Cea , and ABAB from 1970 to 1985 . He was vice chairman of Gota Finans from 1985 to 1989 , chairman of the Swedish Carnegie Institute from 1982 and consultant in the Swedish-Soviet working group for investigations of Raoul Wallenberg from 1991 . He published his memoirs , Utan omsvep ( Head-on ) in 1990 . Personal life . In 1943 , he married Kerstin Titti Holmdahl ( 1919–2015 ) , the daughter of chief physician Carl Holmdahl and Ida ( née Björck ) . He had four children , including Ingrid ( born 1944 ) . Persson died on 6 November 2014 , at the age of 94 . He is buried at Djursholms Cemetery . |
[
"president of the Interpol"
] | easy | Carl Persson took which position from 1976 to 1978? | /wiki/Carl_Persson#P39#1 | Carl Persson Carl Johan Gunnar Persson ( 14 December 1919 – 6 November 2014 ) was a Swedish jurist and politician . Persson served as the National Police Commissioner of the Swedish Police Authority from 1964 to 1978 . His highest profile investigations during his tenure as National Police Commissioner included the hijacking of Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 130 to Bulltofta Airport in 1972 , the Norrmalmstorg robbery in 1973 , and the West German Embassy siege by the Red Army Faction in 1975 . Persson also served as the president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and as Governor of Halland County from 1978 to 1979 and the Governor of the former county of Gothenburg and Bohus from 1979 to 1980 . Career . Persson was born in Kvidinge , Kristianstad County , Sweden , the son of captain Carl Johan Persson and his wife Anni ( née Vallin ) . He passed studentexamen in Helsingborg in 1938 and received a Candidate of Law degree from Lund University in 1942 . Persson did his clerkship in Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1942 to 1945 , and became a Legal Clerk in Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal in 1945 . Persson served as a tingsrätt secretary in the Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1948 to 1949 ( acting in 1947 ) and as an assessor in 1951 . He became hovrättsråd in 1961 . Persson was notary and secretary in Second Committee on Civil Law ( Andra lagutskottet ) of the Riksdag from 1949 to 1952 , and an expert in the Ministry of Justice in 1954 , and in the Ministry of the Interior from 1954 to 1955 . Persson was head of the lagbyrå in the Ministry of the Interior in 1955 and became head of the Legal Department in 1957 . He was State Secretary from 1958 to 1964 and then served as National Police Commissioner and head of the Swedish National Police Board from 1964 to 1978 . Persson also served as president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and then as Governor of Halland County in 1978 , as well as Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County from 1979 to 1980 . He was a member of the International Health Care Affairs Committee from 1958 , a delegate of the World Health Organization in 1959 and 1961 , and chair of the Nordic Commission on the common labor market for doctors and dentists from 1958 to 1962 . Persson was chairman of the Mental Health Care Council ( Mentalsjukvårdsberedningen ) 1959-1962 , the organization of body and mental health care in Östergötland County from 1962 to 1964 , the City of Gothenburg merging with the Gothenburg and Bohus Countys county council from 1962 to 1970 , the Organizing Committee of the Bailiffs System ( Exekutionsväsendets organisationsnämnd ) from 1964 to 1969 and the investigation of the headship of the Karolinska Hospital in 1978 . Furthermore , Persson was chairman of the natural resource delegation of the Coordinating Board of the Swedish Research Councils ( Forskningsrådsnämndens naturresursdelegation ) , Emergency Services Commission ( Räddningstjänstkommissionen ) , the Theft Investigation , National Bacteriological Laboratory ( Statens bakteriologiska laboratorium ) Investigation , the Investigation of Nuclear Power Preparedness from 1987 to 1989 , the Delegation for Patient Transport by Helicopter from 1989 to 1991 , chairman of the Committee for Teaching of the Hospitals Expansion from 1981 to 1990 and the Disaster Commission ( Katastrofkommissionen ) from 1982 to 1990 . Persson was also chairman of the board of Kabi-Vitrum , Kabi Gen , Cea , and ABAB from 1970 to 1985 . He was vice chairman of Gota Finans from 1985 to 1989 , chairman of the Swedish Carnegie Institute from 1982 and consultant in the Swedish-Soviet working group for investigations of Raoul Wallenberg from 1991 . He published his memoirs , Utan omsvep ( Head-on ) in 1990 . Personal life . In 1943 , he married Kerstin Titti Holmdahl ( 1919–2015 ) , the daughter of chief physician Carl Holmdahl and Ida ( née Björck ) . He had four children , including Ingrid ( born 1944 ) . Persson died on 6 November 2014 , at the age of 94 . He is buried at Djursholms Cemetery . |
[
"president of the Interpol",
"Governor of Halland County",
"Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County"
] | easy | What was the position of Carl Persson from 1978 to 1979? | /wiki/Carl_Persson#P39#2 | Carl Persson Carl Johan Gunnar Persson ( 14 December 1919 – 6 November 2014 ) was a Swedish jurist and politician . Persson served as the National Police Commissioner of the Swedish Police Authority from 1964 to 1978 . His highest profile investigations during his tenure as National Police Commissioner included the hijacking of Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 130 to Bulltofta Airport in 1972 , the Norrmalmstorg robbery in 1973 , and the West German Embassy siege by the Red Army Faction in 1975 . Persson also served as the president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and as Governor of Halland County from 1978 to 1979 and the Governor of the former county of Gothenburg and Bohus from 1979 to 1980 . Career . Persson was born in Kvidinge , Kristianstad County , Sweden , the son of captain Carl Johan Persson and his wife Anni ( née Vallin ) . He passed studentexamen in Helsingborg in 1938 and received a Candidate of Law degree from Lund University in 1942 . Persson did his clerkship in Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1942 to 1945 , and became a Legal Clerk in Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal in 1945 . Persson served as a tingsrätt secretary in the Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1948 to 1949 ( acting in 1947 ) and as an assessor in 1951 . He became hovrättsråd in 1961 . Persson was notary and secretary in Second Committee on Civil Law ( Andra lagutskottet ) of the Riksdag from 1949 to 1952 , and an expert in the Ministry of Justice in 1954 , and in the Ministry of the Interior from 1954 to 1955 . Persson was head of the lagbyrå in the Ministry of the Interior in 1955 and became head of the Legal Department in 1957 . He was State Secretary from 1958 to 1964 and then served as National Police Commissioner and head of the Swedish National Police Board from 1964 to 1978 . Persson also served as president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and then as Governor of Halland County in 1978 , as well as Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County from 1979 to 1980 . He was a member of the International Health Care Affairs Committee from 1958 , a delegate of the World Health Organization in 1959 and 1961 , and chair of the Nordic Commission on the common labor market for doctors and dentists from 1958 to 1962 . Persson was chairman of the Mental Health Care Council ( Mentalsjukvårdsberedningen ) 1959-1962 , the organization of body and mental health care in Östergötland County from 1962 to 1964 , the City of Gothenburg merging with the Gothenburg and Bohus Countys county council from 1962 to 1970 , the Organizing Committee of the Bailiffs System ( Exekutionsväsendets organisationsnämnd ) from 1964 to 1969 and the investigation of the headship of the Karolinska Hospital in 1978 . Furthermore , Persson was chairman of the natural resource delegation of the Coordinating Board of the Swedish Research Councils ( Forskningsrådsnämndens naturresursdelegation ) , Emergency Services Commission ( Räddningstjänstkommissionen ) , the Theft Investigation , National Bacteriological Laboratory ( Statens bakteriologiska laboratorium ) Investigation , the Investigation of Nuclear Power Preparedness from 1987 to 1989 , the Delegation for Patient Transport by Helicopter from 1989 to 1991 , chairman of the Committee for Teaching of the Hospitals Expansion from 1981 to 1990 and the Disaster Commission ( Katastrofkommissionen ) from 1982 to 1990 . Persson was also chairman of the board of Kabi-Vitrum , Kabi Gen , Cea , and ABAB from 1970 to 1985 . He was vice chairman of Gota Finans from 1985 to 1989 , chairman of the Swedish Carnegie Institute from 1982 and consultant in the Swedish-Soviet working group for investigations of Raoul Wallenberg from 1991 . He published his memoirs , Utan omsvep ( Head-on ) in 1990 . Personal life . In 1943 , he married Kerstin Titti Holmdahl ( 1919–2015 ) , the daughter of chief physician Carl Holmdahl and Ida ( née Björck ) . He had four children , including Ingrid ( born 1944 ) . Persson died on 6 November 2014 , at the age of 94 . He is buried at Djursholms Cemetery . |
[
"Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County"
] | easy | What was the position of Carl Persson from 1979 to 1980? | /wiki/Carl_Persson#P39#3 | Carl Persson Carl Johan Gunnar Persson ( 14 December 1919 – 6 November 2014 ) was a Swedish jurist and politician . Persson served as the National Police Commissioner of the Swedish Police Authority from 1964 to 1978 . His highest profile investigations during his tenure as National Police Commissioner included the hijacking of Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 130 to Bulltofta Airport in 1972 , the Norrmalmstorg robbery in 1973 , and the West German Embassy siege by the Red Army Faction in 1975 . Persson also served as the president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and as Governor of Halland County from 1978 to 1979 and the Governor of the former county of Gothenburg and Bohus from 1979 to 1980 . Career . Persson was born in Kvidinge , Kristianstad County , Sweden , the son of captain Carl Johan Persson and his wife Anni ( née Vallin ) . He passed studentexamen in Helsingborg in 1938 and received a Candidate of Law degree from Lund University in 1942 . Persson did his clerkship in Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1942 to 1945 , and became a Legal Clerk in Scania and Blekinge Court of Appeal in 1945 . Persson served as a tingsrätt secretary in the Södra Åsbo and Bjäre Judicial District from 1948 to 1949 ( acting in 1947 ) and as an assessor in 1951 . He became hovrättsråd in 1961 . Persson was notary and secretary in Second Committee on Civil Law ( Andra lagutskottet ) of the Riksdag from 1949 to 1952 , and an expert in the Ministry of Justice in 1954 , and in the Ministry of the Interior from 1954 to 1955 . Persson was head of the lagbyrå in the Ministry of the Interior in 1955 and became head of the Legal Department in 1957 . He was State Secretary from 1958 to 1964 and then served as National Police Commissioner and head of the Swedish National Police Board from 1964 to 1978 . Persson also served as president of the Interpol from 1976 to 1980 and then as Governor of Halland County in 1978 , as well as Governor of Gothenburg and Bohus County from 1979 to 1980 . He was a member of the International Health Care Affairs Committee from 1958 , a delegate of the World Health Organization in 1959 and 1961 , and chair of the Nordic Commission on the common labor market for doctors and dentists from 1958 to 1962 . Persson was chairman of the Mental Health Care Council ( Mentalsjukvårdsberedningen ) 1959-1962 , the organization of body and mental health care in Östergötland County from 1962 to 1964 , the City of Gothenburg merging with the Gothenburg and Bohus Countys county council from 1962 to 1970 , the Organizing Committee of the Bailiffs System ( Exekutionsväsendets organisationsnämnd ) from 1964 to 1969 and the investigation of the headship of the Karolinska Hospital in 1978 . Furthermore , Persson was chairman of the natural resource delegation of the Coordinating Board of the Swedish Research Councils ( Forskningsrådsnämndens naturresursdelegation ) , Emergency Services Commission ( Räddningstjänstkommissionen ) , the Theft Investigation , National Bacteriological Laboratory ( Statens bakteriologiska laboratorium ) Investigation , the Investigation of Nuclear Power Preparedness from 1987 to 1989 , the Delegation for Patient Transport by Helicopter from 1989 to 1991 , chairman of the Committee for Teaching of the Hospitals Expansion from 1981 to 1990 and the Disaster Commission ( Katastrofkommissionen ) from 1982 to 1990 . Persson was also chairman of the board of Kabi-Vitrum , Kabi Gen , Cea , and ABAB from 1970 to 1985 . He was vice chairman of Gota Finans from 1985 to 1989 , chairman of the Swedish Carnegie Institute from 1982 and consultant in the Swedish-Soviet working group for investigations of Raoul Wallenberg from 1991 . He published his memoirs , Utan omsvep ( Head-on ) in 1990 . Personal life . In 1943 , he married Kerstin Titti Holmdahl ( 1919–2015 ) , the daughter of chief physician Carl Holmdahl and Ida ( née Björck ) . He had four children , including Ingrid ( born 1944 ) . Persson died on 6 November 2014 , at the age of 94 . He is buried at Djursholms Cemetery . |
[
"the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska Mackenzie"
] | easy | What was the official name of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan from Apr 1862 to Jul 1901? | /wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Grouard–McLennan#P1448#0 | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan ( ) is a Latin archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada and the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province for the Roman Catholic Church in northwestern Canada . The archbishop is the Most Reverend Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R. . As archbishop , Pettipas also serves as pastor of the Cathedral of St . John the Baptist , the mother church and episcopal see of the archdiocese . Ecclesiastical province . The Metropolitan has two suffragans : - Roman Catholic Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith - Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse . History . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan was erected on April 8 , 1862 as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska Mackenzie , on territory split off from the Diocese of Saint-Boniface . A month later on May 8 , 1862 , Henri Faraud , O.M.I . was appointed as Apostolic Vicar . Bishop Faraud served until March 20 , 1890 when he resigned . He was succeeded by Émile Grouard , O.M.I . who was appointed Apostolic Vicar on October 18 , 1890 . Bishop Faraud and later Bishop Grouard were assisted by Isidore Clut , O.M.I . who was appointed Auxiliary Bishop on August 3 , 1864 and who served until his death on July 9 , 1903 . On July 3 , 1901 , the territory of the Vicariate was split , remaining as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska , which comprised what is today the northwestern area of the Province of Alberta , but losing the then Apostolic Vicariate of Mackenzie , which comprised what today is the Northwest Territories as well as northeastern area of the Province of Alberta . Bishop Grouard remained as the Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and Gabriel Breynat , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Mackenzie . A few years after the death of Bishop Clut , Celestin_Henri Joussard , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar on May 11 , 1909 . On March 15 , 1927 , the name of the Vicariate was changed from the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska to the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard . Bishop Joussard never ended up succeeding Bishop Grouard as Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and both Bishop Grouard and Bishop Joussard retired on April 18 , 1929 . Following the retirement of Bishop Grouard , Joseph Guy , O.M.I . was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Grouard on December 19 , 1929 . Bishop Guy served until June 2 , 1937 when he was appointed the Bishop of Gravelbourg . The following year on March 30 , 1938 , Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On June 15 , 1945 , Henri Routhier , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar . In 1946 Bishop Langlois transferred the seat of the Vicariate from Grouard to McLennan . The Town of Grouard , taking its name from Bishop Grouard when it was incorporated as a town on September 27 , 1909 , was a thriving community of approximately 1,200 people . This changed when the Edmonton , Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway built its new line south of Lesser Slave Lake instead of going through Grouard which was on the north shore of Lesser Slave Lake . The majority of Grouard’s population moved to High Prairie , the newly established town on the railway . Bishop Grouard had originally established a mission at the Lesser Slave Lake settlement , the original name of Grouard , under the patronage of Saint Bernard , in 1872 . Shortly after the Seat of the Vicariate was transferred to McLennan , work began on a new Cathedral dedicated to Saint John the Baptist . Bishop Langlois served as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard until his death on September 18 , 1953 . Upon Bishop Langlois death , Bishop Routhier immediately succeeded him as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On July 13 , 1967 , the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard was elevated to the Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan and made the Metropolitan See of northwestern Canada with the newly elevated Dioceses of Prince George , Mackenzie-Fort Smith and Whitehorse as suffragans , but the Diocese of Prince George was later transferred to the Ecclesiastical Province of British Columbia . On this date all the Apostolic Vicariates in northern Canada were elevated to dioceses . Archbishop Routhier served until his resignation on November 21 , 1972 , he was succeeded by Henri Légaré , O.M.I. , who had been Bishop of Labrador-Schefferville . Archbishop Légaré served until his retirement on July 16 , 1996 . On the same day Henri Goudreault , O.M.I. , who had also served as Bishop of Labrador City-Schefferville , was appointed to succeed him . Archbishop Goudreault died suddenly of a heart attack on July 23 , 1998 . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan remained vacant until the appointment of Arthé Guimond , who had served as Archdiocesan Administrator , on June 9 , 2000 . Archbishop Guimond retired on November 30 , 2006 and Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R . was appointed to succeed him on the same day . Bishops . Episcopal ordinaries . - Apostolic Vicars of Athabaska Mackenzie - Henri Faraud , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( 8 May 1862 – death 20 March 1890 ) , Titular Bishop of Anemurium ( 1863.05.16 – 1890.09.26 ) - Auxiliary Bishop Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864.08.03 – death 1903.07.09 ) , Titular Bishop of Arindela ( 1864.08.03 – 1903.07.09 ) - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( 18 October 1890 – 3 July 1901 see below ) , Titular Bishop of Ibora ( 18 October 1890 – 28 February 1930 ) . - Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 3 July 1901 – 15 March 1927 see below ) - Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909.05.11 – retired 1929.04.18 ) , Titular Bishop of Arcadiopolis ( 1909.05.11 – death 1932.09.20 ) . - Apostolic Vicars of Grouard - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 15 March 1927 – retired 18 April 1929 ) , emeritate as Titular Archbishop of Ægina ( 1930.02.28 – death 1931.03.07 ) - Joseph Guy , O.M.I . ( 19 December 1929 – 2 June 1937 ) , Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1929.12.19 – 1937.06.02 ) ; later Bishop of Gravelbourg ( 1937.06.02 – retired 1942.11.07 ) , emeritate again as Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1942.11.07 – death 1951.12.08 ) - Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . ( 30 March 1938 – death 18 September 1953 ) , Titular Bishop of Risinium ( 1938.03.30 – 1953.09.18 ) - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 18 September 1953 – see elevated 13 July 1967 see below ) , succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Grouard ( 1945.06.15 – 1953.09.18 ) and Titular Bishop of Naissus ( 1945.06.15 – 1967.07.13 ) . - Metropolitan archbishops of Grouard–McLennan : - Henri Routhier , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( see above 13 July 1967 – retired 21 November 1972 ) , died 1989 - Henri Légaré , O.M.I . ( 21 November 1972 – retired 16 July 1996 ) , also President of Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops ( 1981 – 1983 ) ; previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1967.07.13 – 1972.11.21 ) ; died 2004 - Henri Goudreault , O.M.I . ( 16 July 1996 – death 23 July 1998 ) , previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1987.04.27 – 1996.07.16 ) - Arthé Guimond ( 9 June 2000 – retired 30 November 2006 ) , died 2013 - Gérard Pettipas , Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer ( C.Ss.R. ) ( 30 November 2006 – ... ) . Coadjutor bishops . - Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909-1929 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic ; did not succeed to see - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 1945-1953 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Auxiliary bishop . - Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864-1890 ) Extent and statistics . Its ecclesiastic territory includes the northwest section of the Province of Alberta , the boundaries of which are , on the north the 60th parallel north , separating it from the Northwest Territories and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith . To the south the 55th parallel north , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul . On the east the 113th meridian west , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul ( to the 58th parallel north ) and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith ( to the 60th parallel north ) . To the west the 120th meridian west , separating it from the Province of British Columbia , and the Diocese of Prince George . As per 2014 , the archdiocese pastorally served 59,927 Catholics ( 37.7% of 159,081 total ) on 224,596 km² in 33 parishes with 26 priests ( 17 diocesan , 9 religious ) , 2 deacons , 20 lay religious ( 9 brothers , 11 sisters ) and 3 seminarians . |
[
"the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska"
] | easy | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan was officially named what from Jul 1901 to Mar 1927? | /wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Grouard–McLennan#P1448#1 | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan ( ) is a Latin archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada and the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province for the Roman Catholic Church in northwestern Canada . The archbishop is the Most Reverend Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R. . As archbishop , Pettipas also serves as pastor of the Cathedral of St . John the Baptist , the mother church and episcopal see of the archdiocese . Ecclesiastical province . The Metropolitan has two suffragans : - Roman Catholic Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith - Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse . History . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan was erected on April 8 , 1862 as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska Mackenzie , on territory split off from the Diocese of Saint-Boniface . A month later on May 8 , 1862 , Henri Faraud , O.M.I . was appointed as Apostolic Vicar . Bishop Faraud served until March 20 , 1890 when he resigned . He was succeeded by Émile Grouard , O.M.I . who was appointed Apostolic Vicar on October 18 , 1890 . Bishop Faraud and later Bishop Grouard were assisted by Isidore Clut , O.M.I . who was appointed Auxiliary Bishop on August 3 , 1864 and who served until his death on July 9 , 1903 . On July 3 , 1901 , the territory of the Vicariate was split , remaining as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska , which comprised what is today the northwestern area of the Province of Alberta , but losing the then Apostolic Vicariate of Mackenzie , which comprised what today is the Northwest Territories as well as northeastern area of the Province of Alberta . Bishop Grouard remained as the Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and Gabriel Breynat , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Mackenzie . A few years after the death of Bishop Clut , Celestin_Henri Joussard , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar on May 11 , 1909 . On March 15 , 1927 , the name of the Vicariate was changed from the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska to the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard . Bishop Joussard never ended up succeeding Bishop Grouard as Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and both Bishop Grouard and Bishop Joussard retired on April 18 , 1929 . Following the retirement of Bishop Grouard , Joseph Guy , O.M.I . was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Grouard on December 19 , 1929 . Bishop Guy served until June 2 , 1937 when he was appointed the Bishop of Gravelbourg . The following year on March 30 , 1938 , Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On June 15 , 1945 , Henri Routhier , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar . In 1946 Bishop Langlois transferred the seat of the Vicariate from Grouard to McLennan . The Town of Grouard , taking its name from Bishop Grouard when it was incorporated as a town on September 27 , 1909 , was a thriving community of approximately 1,200 people . This changed when the Edmonton , Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway built its new line south of Lesser Slave Lake instead of going through Grouard which was on the north shore of Lesser Slave Lake . The majority of Grouard’s population moved to High Prairie , the newly established town on the railway . Bishop Grouard had originally established a mission at the Lesser Slave Lake settlement , the original name of Grouard , under the patronage of Saint Bernard , in 1872 . Shortly after the Seat of the Vicariate was transferred to McLennan , work began on a new Cathedral dedicated to Saint John the Baptist . Bishop Langlois served as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard until his death on September 18 , 1953 . Upon Bishop Langlois death , Bishop Routhier immediately succeeded him as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On July 13 , 1967 , the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard was elevated to the Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan and made the Metropolitan See of northwestern Canada with the newly elevated Dioceses of Prince George , Mackenzie-Fort Smith and Whitehorse as suffragans , but the Diocese of Prince George was later transferred to the Ecclesiastical Province of British Columbia . On this date all the Apostolic Vicariates in northern Canada were elevated to dioceses . Archbishop Routhier served until his resignation on November 21 , 1972 , he was succeeded by Henri Légaré , O.M.I. , who had been Bishop of Labrador-Schefferville . Archbishop Légaré served until his retirement on July 16 , 1996 . On the same day Henri Goudreault , O.M.I. , who had also served as Bishop of Labrador City-Schefferville , was appointed to succeed him . Archbishop Goudreault died suddenly of a heart attack on July 23 , 1998 . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan remained vacant until the appointment of Arthé Guimond , who had served as Archdiocesan Administrator , on June 9 , 2000 . Archbishop Guimond retired on November 30 , 2006 and Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R . was appointed to succeed him on the same day . Bishops . Episcopal ordinaries . - Apostolic Vicars of Athabaska Mackenzie - Henri Faraud , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( 8 May 1862 – death 20 March 1890 ) , Titular Bishop of Anemurium ( 1863.05.16 – 1890.09.26 ) - Auxiliary Bishop Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864.08.03 – death 1903.07.09 ) , Titular Bishop of Arindela ( 1864.08.03 – 1903.07.09 ) - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( 18 October 1890 – 3 July 1901 see below ) , Titular Bishop of Ibora ( 18 October 1890 – 28 February 1930 ) . - Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 3 July 1901 – 15 March 1927 see below ) - Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909.05.11 – retired 1929.04.18 ) , Titular Bishop of Arcadiopolis ( 1909.05.11 – death 1932.09.20 ) . - Apostolic Vicars of Grouard - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 15 March 1927 – retired 18 April 1929 ) , emeritate as Titular Archbishop of Ægina ( 1930.02.28 – death 1931.03.07 ) - Joseph Guy , O.M.I . ( 19 December 1929 – 2 June 1937 ) , Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1929.12.19 – 1937.06.02 ) ; later Bishop of Gravelbourg ( 1937.06.02 – retired 1942.11.07 ) , emeritate again as Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1942.11.07 – death 1951.12.08 ) - Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . ( 30 March 1938 – death 18 September 1953 ) , Titular Bishop of Risinium ( 1938.03.30 – 1953.09.18 ) - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 18 September 1953 – see elevated 13 July 1967 see below ) , succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Grouard ( 1945.06.15 – 1953.09.18 ) and Titular Bishop of Naissus ( 1945.06.15 – 1967.07.13 ) . - Metropolitan archbishops of Grouard–McLennan : - Henri Routhier , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( see above 13 July 1967 – retired 21 November 1972 ) , died 1989 - Henri Légaré , O.M.I . ( 21 November 1972 – retired 16 July 1996 ) , also President of Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops ( 1981 – 1983 ) ; previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1967.07.13 – 1972.11.21 ) ; died 2004 - Henri Goudreault , O.M.I . ( 16 July 1996 – death 23 July 1998 ) , previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1987.04.27 – 1996.07.16 ) - Arthé Guimond ( 9 June 2000 – retired 30 November 2006 ) , died 2013 - Gérard Pettipas , Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer ( C.Ss.R. ) ( 30 November 2006 – ... ) . Coadjutor bishops . - Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909-1929 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic ; did not succeed to see - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 1945-1953 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Auxiliary bishop . - Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864-1890 ) Extent and statistics . Its ecclesiastic territory includes the northwest section of the Province of Alberta , the boundaries of which are , on the north the 60th parallel north , separating it from the Northwest Territories and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith . To the south the 55th parallel north , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul . On the east the 113th meridian west , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul ( to the 58th parallel north ) and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith ( to the 60th parallel north ) . To the west the 120th meridian west , separating it from the Province of British Columbia , and the Diocese of Prince George . As per 2014 , the archdiocese pastorally served 59,927 Catholics ( 37.7% of 159,081 total ) on 224,596 km² in 33 parishes with 26 priests ( 17 diocesan , 9 religious ) , 2 deacons , 20 lay religious ( 9 brothers , 11 sisters ) and 3 seminarians . |
[
"the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard"
] | easy | What was the official name of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan from Mar 1927 to Jul 1967? | /wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Grouard–McLennan#P1448#2 | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan ( ) is a Latin archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada and the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province for the Roman Catholic Church in northwestern Canada . The archbishop is the Most Reverend Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R. . As archbishop , Pettipas also serves as pastor of the Cathedral of St . John the Baptist , the mother church and episcopal see of the archdiocese . Ecclesiastical province . The Metropolitan has two suffragans : - Roman Catholic Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith - Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse . History . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan was erected on April 8 , 1862 as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska Mackenzie , on territory split off from the Diocese of Saint-Boniface . A month later on May 8 , 1862 , Henri Faraud , O.M.I . was appointed as Apostolic Vicar . Bishop Faraud served until March 20 , 1890 when he resigned . He was succeeded by Émile Grouard , O.M.I . who was appointed Apostolic Vicar on October 18 , 1890 . Bishop Faraud and later Bishop Grouard were assisted by Isidore Clut , O.M.I . who was appointed Auxiliary Bishop on August 3 , 1864 and who served until his death on July 9 , 1903 . On July 3 , 1901 , the territory of the Vicariate was split , remaining as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska , which comprised what is today the northwestern area of the Province of Alberta , but losing the then Apostolic Vicariate of Mackenzie , which comprised what today is the Northwest Territories as well as northeastern area of the Province of Alberta . Bishop Grouard remained as the Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and Gabriel Breynat , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Mackenzie . A few years after the death of Bishop Clut , Celestin_Henri Joussard , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar on May 11 , 1909 . On March 15 , 1927 , the name of the Vicariate was changed from the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska to the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard . Bishop Joussard never ended up succeeding Bishop Grouard as Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and both Bishop Grouard and Bishop Joussard retired on April 18 , 1929 . Following the retirement of Bishop Grouard , Joseph Guy , O.M.I . was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Grouard on December 19 , 1929 . Bishop Guy served until June 2 , 1937 when he was appointed the Bishop of Gravelbourg . The following year on March 30 , 1938 , Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On June 15 , 1945 , Henri Routhier , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar . In 1946 Bishop Langlois transferred the seat of the Vicariate from Grouard to McLennan . The Town of Grouard , taking its name from Bishop Grouard when it was incorporated as a town on September 27 , 1909 , was a thriving community of approximately 1,200 people . This changed when the Edmonton , Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway built its new line south of Lesser Slave Lake instead of going through Grouard which was on the north shore of Lesser Slave Lake . The majority of Grouard’s population moved to High Prairie , the newly established town on the railway . Bishop Grouard had originally established a mission at the Lesser Slave Lake settlement , the original name of Grouard , under the patronage of Saint Bernard , in 1872 . Shortly after the Seat of the Vicariate was transferred to McLennan , work began on a new Cathedral dedicated to Saint John the Baptist . Bishop Langlois served as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard until his death on September 18 , 1953 . Upon Bishop Langlois death , Bishop Routhier immediately succeeded him as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On July 13 , 1967 , the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard was elevated to the Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan and made the Metropolitan See of northwestern Canada with the newly elevated Dioceses of Prince George , Mackenzie-Fort Smith and Whitehorse as suffragans , but the Diocese of Prince George was later transferred to the Ecclesiastical Province of British Columbia . On this date all the Apostolic Vicariates in northern Canada were elevated to dioceses . Archbishop Routhier served until his resignation on November 21 , 1972 , he was succeeded by Henri Légaré , O.M.I. , who had been Bishop of Labrador-Schefferville . Archbishop Légaré served until his retirement on July 16 , 1996 . On the same day Henri Goudreault , O.M.I. , who had also served as Bishop of Labrador City-Schefferville , was appointed to succeed him . Archbishop Goudreault died suddenly of a heart attack on July 23 , 1998 . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan remained vacant until the appointment of Arthé Guimond , who had served as Archdiocesan Administrator , on June 9 , 2000 . Archbishop Guimond retired on November 30 , 2006 and Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R . was appointed to succeed him on the same day . Bishops . Episcopal ordinaries . - Apostolic Vicars of Athabaska Mackenzie - Henri Faraud , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( 8 May 1862 – death 20 March 1890 ) , Titular Bishop of Anemurium ( 1863.05.16 – 1890.09.26 ) - Auxiliary Bishop Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864.08.03 – death 1903.07.09 ) , Titular Bishop of Arindela ( 1864.08.03 – 1903.07.09 ) - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( 18 October 1890 – 3 July 1901 see below ) , Titular Bishop of Ibora ( 18 October 1890 – 28 February 1930 ) . - Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 3 July 1901 – 15 March 1927 see below ) - Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909.05.11 – retired 1929.04.18 ) , Titular Bishop of Arcadiopolis ( 1909.05.11 – death 1932.09.20 ) . - Apostolic Vicars of Grouard - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 15 March 1927 – retired 18 April 1929 ) , emeritate as Titular Archbishop of Ægina ( 1930.02.28 – death 1931.03.07 ) - Joseph Guy , O.M.I . ( 19 December 1929 – 2 June 1937 ) , Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1929.12.19 – 1937.06.02 ) ; later Bishop of Gravelbourg ( 1937.06.02 – retired 1942.11.07 ) , emeritate again as Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1942.11.07 – death 1951.12.08 ) - Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . ( 30 March 1938 – death 18 September 1953 ) , Titular Bishop of Risinium ( 1938.03.30 – 1953.09.18 ) - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 18 September 1953 – see elevated 13 July 1967 see below ) , succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Grouard ( 1945.06.15 – 1953.09.18 ) and Titular Bishop of Naissus ( 1945.06.15 – 1967.07.13 ) . - Metropolitan archbishops of Grouard–McLennan : - Henri Routhier , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( see above 13 July 1967 – retired 21 November 1972 ) , died 1989 - Henri Légaré , O.M.I . ( 21 November 1972 – retired 16 July 1996 ) , also President of Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops ( 1981 – 1983 ) ; previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1967.07.13 – 1972.11.21 ) ; died 2004 - Henri Goudreault , O.M.I . ( 16 July 1996 – death 23 July 1998 ) , previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1987.04.27 – 1996.07.16 ) - Arthé Guimond ( 9 June 2000 – retired 30 November 2006 ) , died 2013 - Gérard Pettipas , Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer ( C.Ss.R. ) ( 30 November 2006 – ... ) . Coadjutor bishops . - Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909-1929 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic ; did not succeed to see - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 1945-1953 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Auxiliary bishop . - Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864-1890 ) Extent and statistics . Its ecclesiastic territory includes the northwest section of the Province of Alberta , the boundaries of which are , on the north the 60th parallel north , separating it from the Northwest Territories and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith . To the south the 55th parallel north , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul . On the east the 113th meridian west , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul ( to the 58th parallel north ) and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith ( to the 60th parallel north ) . To the west the 120th meridian west , separating it from the Province of British Columbia , and the Diocese of Prince George . As per 2014 , the archdiocese pastorally served 59,927 Catholics ( 37.7% of 159,081 total ) on 224,596 km² in 33 parishes with 26 priests ( 17 diocesan , 9 religious ) , 2 deacons , 20 lay religious ( 9 brothers , 11 sisters ) and 3 seminarians . |
[
"the Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan"
] | easy | What was the official name of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan from Jul 1967 to Jul 1968? | /wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Grouard–McLennan#P1448#3 | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan ( ) is a Latin archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada and the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province for the Roman Catholic Church in northwestern Canada . The archbishop is the Most Reverend Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R. . As archbishop , Pettipas also serves as pastor of the Cathedral of St . John the Baptist , the mother church and episcopal see of the archdiocese . Ecclesiastical province . The Metropolitan has two suffragans : - Roman Catholic Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith - Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse . History . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan was erected on April 8 , 1862 as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska Mackenzie , on territory split off from the Diocese of Saint-Boniface . A month later on May 8 , 1862 , Henri Faraud , O.M.I . was appointed as Apostolic Vicar . Bishop Faraud served until March 20 , 1890 when he resigned . He was succeeded by Émile Grouard , O.M.I . who was appointed Apostolic Vicar on October 18 , 1890 . Bishop Faraud and later Bishop Grouard were assisted by Isidore Clut , O.M.I . who was appointed Auxiliary Bishop on August 3 , 1864 and who served until his death on July 9 , 1903 . On July 3 , 1901 , the territory of the Vicariate was split , remaining as the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska , which comprised what is today the northwestern area of the Province of Alberta , but losing the then Apostolic Vicariate of Mackenzie , which comprised what today is the Northwest Territories as well as northeastern area of the Province of Alberta . Bishop Grouard remained as the Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and Gabriel Breynat , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Mackenzie . A few years after the death of Bishop Clut , Celestin_Henri Joussard , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar on May 11 , 1909 . On March 15 , 1927 , the name of the Vicariate was changed from the Apostolic Vicariate of Athabaska to the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard . Bishop Joussard never ended up succeeding Bishop Grouard as Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska and both Bishop Grouard and Bishop Joussard retired on April 18 , 1929 . Following the retirement of Bishop Grouard , Joseph Guy , O.M.I . was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Grouard on December 19 , 1929 . Bishop Guy served until June 2 , 1937 when he was appointed the Bishop of Gravelbourg . The following year on March 30 , 1938 , Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On June 15 , 1945 , Henri Routhier , O.M.I . was appointed Coadjutor Apostolic Vicar . In 1946 Bishop Langlois transferred the seat of the Vicariate from Grouard to McLennan . The Town of Grouard , taking its name from Bishop Grouard when it was incorporated as a town on September 27 , 1909 , was a thriving community of approximately 1,200 people . This changed when the Edmonton , Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway built its new line south of Lesser Slave Lake instead of going through Grouard which was on the north shore of Lesser Slave Lake . The majority of Grouard’s population moved to High Prairie , the newly established town on the railway . Bishop Grouard had originally established a mission at the Lesser Slave Lake settlement , the original name of Grouard , under the patronage of Saint Bernard , in 1872 . Shortly after the Seat of the Vicariate was transferred to McLennan , work began on a new Cathedral dedicated to Saint John the Baptist . Bishop Langlois served as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard until his death on September 18 , 1953 . Upon Bishop Langlois death , Bishop Routhier immediately succeeded him as Apostolic Vicar of Grouard . On July 13 , 1967 , the Apostolic Vicariate of Grouard was elevated to the Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan and made the Metropolitan See of northwestern Canada with the newly elevated Dioceses of Prince George , Mackenzie-Fort Smith and Whitehorse as suffragans , but the Diocese of Prince George was later transferred to the Ecclesiastical Province of British Columbia . On this date all the Apostolic Vicariates in northern Canada were elevated to dioceses . Archbishop Routhier served until his resignation on November 21 , 1972 , he was succeeded by Henri Légaré , O.M.I. , who had been Bishop of Labrador-Schefferville . Archbishop Légaré served until his retirement on July 16 , 1996 . On the same day Henri Goudreault , O.M.I. , who had also served as Bishop of Labrador City-Schefferville , was appointed to succeed him . Archbishop Goudreault died suddenly of a heart attack on July 23 , 1998 . The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan remained vacant until the appointment of Arthé Guimond , who had served as Archdiocesan Administrator , on June 9 , 2000 . Archbishop Guimond retired on November 30 , 2006 and Gérard Pettipas , C.Ss.R . was appointed to succeed him on the same day . Bishops . Episcopal ordinaries . - Apostolic Vicars of Athabaska Mackenzie - Henri Faraud , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( 8 May 1862 – death 20 March 1890 ) , Titular Bishop of Anemurium ( 1863.05.16 – 1890.09.26 ) - Auxiliary Bishop Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864.08.03 – death 1903.07.09 ) , Titular Bishop of Arindela ( 1864.08.03 – 1903.07.09 ) - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( 18 October 1890 – 3 July 1901 see below ) , Titular Bishop of Ibora ( 18 October 1890 – 28 February 1930 ) . - Apostolic Vicar of Athabaska - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 3 July 1901 – 15 March 1927 see below ) - Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909.05.11 – retired 1929.04.18 ) , Titular Bishop of Arcadiopolis ( 1909.05.11 – death 1932.09.20 ) . - Apostolic Vicars of Grouard - Émile Grouard , O.M.I . ( see above 15 March 1927 – retired 18 April 1929 ) , emeritate as Titular Archbishop of Ægina ( 1930.02.28 – death 1931.03.07 ) - Joseph Guy , O.M.I . ( 19 December 1929 – 2 June 1937 ) , Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1929.12.19 – 1937.06.02 ) ; later Bishop of Gravelbourg ( 1937.06.02 – retired 1942.11.07 ) , emeritate again as Titular Bishop of Photice ( 1942.11.07 – death 1951.12.08 ) - Ubald Langlois , O.M.I . ( 30 March 1938 – death 18 September 1953 ) , Titular Bishop of Risinium ( 1938.03.30 – 1953.09.18 ) - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 18 September 1953 – see elevated 13 July 1967 see below ) , succeeding as previous Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic of Grouard ( 1945.06.15 – 1953.09.18 ) and Titular Bishop of Naissus ( 1945.06.15 – 1967.07.13 ) . - Metropolitan archbishops of Grouard–McLennan : - Henri Routhier , Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate ( O.M.I. ) ( see above 13 July 1967 – retired 21 November 1972 ) , died 1989 - Henri Légaré , O.M.I . ( 21 November 1972 – retired 16 July 1996 ) , also President of Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops ( 1981 – 1983 ) ; previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1967.07.13 – 1972.11.21 ) ; died 2004 - Henri Goudreault , O.M.I . ( 16 July 1996 – death 23 July 1998 ) , previously Bishop of Labrador–Schefferville ( Canada ) ( 1987.04.27 – 1996.07.16 ) - Arthé Guimond ( 9 June 2000 – retired 30 November 2006 ) , died 2013 - Gérard Pettipas , Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer ( C.Ss.R. ) ( 30 November 2006 – ... ) . Coadjutor bishops . - Célestin-Henri Joussard , O.M.I . ( 1909-1929 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic ; did not succeed to see - Henri Routhier , O.M.I . ( 1945-1953 ) , as Coadjutor Vicar Apostolic Auxiliary bishop . - Isidore Clut , O.M.I . ( 1864-1890 ) Extent and statistics . Its ecclesiastic territory includes the northwest section of the Province of Alberta , the boundaries of which are , on the north the 60th parallel north , separating it from the Northwest Territories and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith . To the south the 55th parallel north , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul . On the east the 113th meridian west , separating it from the Diocese of Saint Paul ( to the 58th parallel north ) and the Diocese of Mackenzie-Fort Smith ( to the 60th parallel north ) . To the west the 120th meridian west , separating it from the Province of British Columbia , and the Diocese of Prince George . As per 2014 , the archdiocese pastorally served 59,927 Catholics ( 37.7% of 159,081 total ) on 224,596 km² in 33 parishes with 26 priests ( 17 diocesan , 9 religious ) , 2 deacons , 20 lay religious ( 9 brothers , 11 sisters ) and 3 seminarians . |
[
""
] | easy | What position did Gloria Negrete McLeod take from 1995 to 2012? | /wiki/Gloria_Negrete_McLeod#P39#0 | Gloria Negrete McLeod Gloria Negrete McLeod ( born September 6 , 1941 ) is an American politician who was the United States Representative for from 2013 to 2015 . The district included portions of eastern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County . She was a California State Senator , representing the 32nd District , from December 2006 until her election to Congress . Prior to that , she served in the California State Assembly from 2000 to 2006 after having lost in a 1998 bid for the Assembly . A resident of Chino , she defeated Joe Baca , Jr . in the Democratic primary for the Senate seat . She defeated Joe Baca Sr . in her 2012 election to Congress . In February 2014 , she announced her intention not to stand at the following elections , and instead to run for the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors . Negrete McLeod lost the November election to Republican state Assemblyman Curt Hagman . Early life , education , and academic career . She was born in 1941 in Los Angeles , California . She was President of the Board of Chaffey Community College ( her alma mater ) and was a Chaffey Board member for five years . She was reelected to the board in 2015 . California Assembly ( 2001–2007 ) . Elections . She ran for the 61st District in the California State Assembly in 1998 after incumbent Republican Fred Aguiar was term limited . She lost the Democratic vote to Nell Soto in the open primary 53%-47% . In 2000 , she ran again and ranked first in the 7-candidate open primary with 28% of the overall vote and 62% of the Democratic vote . Republican Dennis Yates won the Republican vote with 35% and 19% of the overall vote , qualifying for the general election . In the November election , she defeated Yates 54%-43% . In 2002 , she defeated Republican Matt Munson 62%-38% . In 2004 , she defeated Republican Alan Wapner , an Ontario City Councilman , 64%-36% . Tenure . She sponsored legislation to ban age discrimination . In late 2006 , she was a key vote in favor of same-sex marriage . Committee assignments . - Committee on Business and Professions ( Chair ) - Committee on Public Employees ( Chair ) California Senate ( 2007–2013 ) . Elections . In 2006 , Negrete McLeod decided to run for the California Senate in the 32nd district after incumbent Nell Soto was prevented from running for re-election due to term limits . She defeated Assemblyman Joe Baca , Jr . in the Democratic primary 61%-39% . She won the November general election unopposed . In 2010 , she won re-election to a second term with 68% of the vote . Tenure . The 32nd District stretches over two counties encompassing parts of San Bernardino County and Los Angeles County . In San Bernardino County , she represents the cities of Chino , Colton , Fontana , Montclair , Ontario , Rialto , and San Bernardino . In Los Angeles County , she represents the city of Pomona . Negrete McLeod is actively involved in the cleanup of groundwater contamination . She focuses on current water supply . In December 2009 , Californias weekly periodical Capitol Weekly gave her a 49 score , making her one of the most moderate Democrats in the legislature . The NARAL Pro-Choice America of California ( 2014 , 2013 , et al ) and Planned Parenthood of California have given her a perfect 100 rating ( 2012 ) . Committee assignments . - Budget and Fiscal Review - Business , Professions and Economic Development - Legislative Ethics Committee - Master Plan for Higher Education Committee ( Vice Chair ) - Public Employment and Retirement Committee ( Chair ) - Sunset Review Committee - Veterans Affairs Committee U.S . House of Representatives ( 2013–2015 ) . Election . In June 2011 , after Negrete McLeod found out that the Citizens Redistricting Commission had drawn a new congressional district that was virtually coextensive with her state senate district , she announced she was running for it , saying , Im in , Im in , Im in , Im in . Theres nobody there . She was referring to the fact that there werent any incumbent congressmen living in the district . McLeod officially announced her candidacy for the newly redrawn and open 35th district on September 6 , 2011 . She faced Congressman Joe Baca in the primary . Bacas home is in the 31st District , but his old 43rd District took up almost 60% of the new 35th . In the open primary , Baca ranked first with 45% of the vote , McLeod ranked second with 36% of the vote , and Green party candidate Anthony Vieyra ranked last with 19% of the vote . New York City Mayor Michael Bloombergs Independence USA PAC spent more than $5 million supporting McLeods candidacy . In the November general election , McLeod defeated Baca 56%-44% . Committee assignments . - Committee on Agriculture - Subcommittee on Conservation , Energy , and Forestry - Subcommittee on Department Operations , Oversight , and Nutrition - Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities and Risk Management - Committee on Veterans Affairs - Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs - Subcommittee on Health Personal life . She and her husband Gilbert L . McLeod , a retired police lieutenant , have 10 children , 27 grandchildren , and 18 great grandchildren . Election results . 2000 Democratic Primary , State Assembly District 61 - 61.5% Gloria Negrete McLeod - 38.5% Paul Vincent Avila 2006 Democratic Primary , State Senate District 32 - 61.4% Gloria Negrete McLeod - 38.6% Joe Baca , Jr . |
[
"United States Representative"
] | easy | Which position did Gloria Negrete McLeod hold from 2013 to 2015? | /wiki/Gloria_Negrete_McLeod#P39#1 | Gloria Negrete McLeod Gloria Negrete McLeod ( born September 6 , 1941 ) is an American politician who was the United States Representative for from 2013 to 2015 . The district included portions of eastern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County . She was a California State Senator , representing the 32nd District , from December 2006 until her election to Congress . Prior to that , she served in the California State Assembly from 2000 to 2006 after having lost in a 1998 bid for the Assembly . A resident of Chino , she defeated Joe Baca , Jr . in the Democratic primary for the Senate seat . She defeated Joe Baca Sr . in her 2012 election to Congress . In February 2014 , she announced her intention not to stand at the following elections , and instead to run for the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors . Negrete McLeod lost the November election to Republican state Assemblyman Curt Hagman . Early life , education , and academic career . She was born in 1941 in Los Angeles , California . She was President of the Board of Chaffey Community College ( her alma mater ) and was a Chaffey Board member for five years . She was reelected to the board in 2015 . California Assembly ( 2001–2007 ) . Elections . She ran for the 61st District in the California State Assembly in 1998 after incumbent Republican Fred Aguiar was term limited . She lost the Democratic vote to Nell Soto in the open primary 53%-47% . In 2000 , she ran again and ranked first in the 7-candidate open primary with 28% of the overall vote and 62% of the Democratic vote . Republican Dennis Yates won the Republican vote with 35% and 19% of the overall vote , qualifying for the general election . In the November election , she defeated Yates 54%-43% . In 2002 , she defeated Republican Matt Munson 62%-38% . In 2004 , she defeated Republican Alan Wapner , an Ontario City Councilman , 64%-36% . Tenure . She sponsored legislation to ban age discrimination . In late 2006 , she was a key vote in favor of same-sex marriage . Committee assignments . - Committee on Business and Professions ( Chair ) - Committee on Public Employees ( Chair ) California Senate ( 2007–2013 ) . Elections . In 2006 , Negrete McLeod decided to run for the California Senate in the 32nd district after incumbent Nell Soto was prevented from running for re-election due to term limits . She defeated Assemblyman Joe Baca , Jr . in the Democratic primary 61%-39% . She won the November general election unopposed . In 2010 , she won re-election to a second term with 68% of the vote . Tenure . The 32nd District stretches over two counties encompassing parts of San Bernardino County and Los Angeles County . In San Bernardino County , she represents the cities of Chino , Colton , Fontana , Montclair , Ontario , Rialto , and San Bernardino . In Los Angeles County , she represents the city of Pomona . Negrete McLeod is actively involved in the cleanup of groundwater contamination . She focuses on current water supply . In December 2009 , Californias weekly periodical Capitol Weekly gave her a 49 score , making her one of the most moderate Democrats in the legislature . The NARAL Pro-Choice America of California ( 2014 , 2013 , et al ) and Planned Parenthood of California have given her a perfect 100 rating ( 2012 ) . Committee assignments . - Budget and Fiscal Review - Business , Professions and Economic Development - Legislative Ethics Committee - Master Plan for Higher Education Committee ( Vice Chair ) - Public Employment and Retirement Committee ( Chair ) - Sunset Review Committee - Veterans Affairs Committee U.S . House of Representatives ( 2013–2015 ) . Election . In June 2011 , after Negrete McLeod found out that the Citizens Redistricting Commission had drawn a new congressional district that was virtually coextensive with her state senate district , she announced she was running for it , saying , Im in , Im in , Im in , Im in . Theres nobody there . She was referring to the fact that there werent any incumbent congressmen living in the district . McLeod officially announced her candidacy for the newly redrawn and open 35th district on September 6 , 2011 . She faced Congressman Joe Baca in the primary . Bacas home is in the 31st District , but his old 43rd District took up almost 60% of the new 35th . In the open primary , Baca ranked first with 45% of the vote , McLeod ranked second with 36% of the vote , and Green party candidate Anthony Vieyra ranked last with 19% of the vote . New York City Mayor Michael Bloombergs Independence USA PAC spent more than $5 million supporting McLeods candidacy . In the November general election , McLeod defeated Baca 56%-44% . Committee assignments . - Committee on Agriculture - Subcommittee on Conservation , Energy , and Forestry - Subcommittee on Department Operations , Oversight , and Nutrition - Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities and Risk Management - Committee on Veterans Affairs - Subcommittee on Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs - Subcommittee on Health Personal life . She and her husband Gilbert L . McLeod , a retired police lieutenant , have 10 children , 27 grandchildren , and 18 great grandchildren . Election results . 2000 Democratic Primary , State Assembly District 61 - 61.5% Gloria Negrete McLeod - 38.5% Paul Vincent Avila 2006 Democratic Primary , State Senate District 32 - 61.4% Gloria Negrete McLeod - 38.6% Joe Baca , Jr . |
[
"AT&T Bell Laboratories"
] | easy | Vicki Colvin was an employee for whom from 1993 to 1994? | /wiki/Vicki_Colvin#P108#0 | Vicki Colvin Vicki Leigh Colvin ( born October 12 , 1965 ) is a Professor of Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology at Brown University . She is the Director of the Centre for Biomedical Engineering . Her work focuses on the synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterials . She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering . Early life and education . Colvin was inspired to study science after watching her mother drink coffee . She is the daughter of Harry Colvin and Carolyn Collins . She earned her bachelors degree in Chemistry and Physics at Stanford University in 1988 . She completed her doctoral studies in 1994 under the supervision of Paul Alivisatos at the UC Berkeley College of Chemistry . After completing her PhD , Colvin joined AT&T Bell Laboratories . Here she worked on materials for holographic data storage . Career . Colvin was appointed to Rice University in 1996 as part of their expansion in nanotechnology . She was awarded a Phi Beta Kappa teaching prize and named as Discover magazines Top Scientists to Watch . Her research was supported by a fellowship from the Alfred P . Sloan Foundation . She pioneered the use of water-soluble quantum dots in biomedicine . The quantum dots can be encapsulated into amphiphilic polymers , which allows control of the quantum dot toxicity . As a model for tissue localisation following intradermal infiltration , Colvin studied how quantum dots migrate in mice . She found that 1D quantum dots remain as a deposit on the skin and penetrate the nearby subcutis and were distributed to draining lymph nodes . She bound quantum dots to gold nanoparticles with a peptide sequence , which suppresses luminescence ; allowing the combination to be used as probes for targeted degradation . She investigated how the shape of quantum dots impacted their function and toxicity . She demonstrated that weathering quantum dots in acidic and alkaline conditions can increase the bactericidal activity due to the rapid release of cadmium and selenite ions . Her group worked on other nanomaterials , including fullerene C60 . At Rice University , Colvin was appointed the Kenneth S . Pitzer-Schlumberger Professor of Chemistry . Her work continued to consider the interactions of nanoparticles , with applications in water purification . She is particularly interested in how nanoparticles interact with living systems . She investigated cerium oxide nanocrystals , and whether when they could be used for medical applications when coated in oleic acid . Colvin led a UK-US scientific effort to create a framework to regulate the use of nanomaterials . She delivered the 2012 Arthur M . Sackler Colloqium , talking about the properties of nanoparticles . In 2013 Colvin was named by Chemistry of Materials as one of their most highly cited investigators . Her recent research looks at sorbents that can help to remove arsenic . Academic service . Colvin was Director of the National Science Foundation Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology from 2001 to 2011 . She was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007 and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 2011 . She became the Vice Provost for Research at Rice University in 2011 . Colvin joined Brown University as Provost in 2014 , after a nationwide search . She joined the board of the Schlumberger Foundation that year , with the hope to secure funding for women scientists . During her time as Provost , she created an entrepreneurial education program , reined in the budget deficit and established a Vice Provost of the Arts position . She stepped down from her role as Provost in June 2015 to focus on her research . She has taught multiple courses for Coursera and is an advocate for flipped classroom learning . She is an editor of the journal Small . |
[
""
] | easy | Who did Vicki Colvin work for from 1996 to 2014? | /wiki/Vicki_Colvin#P108#1 | Vicki Colvin Vicki Leigh Colvin ( born October 12 , 1965 ) is a Professor of Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology at Brown University . She is the Director of the Centre for Biomedical Engineering . Her work focuses on the synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterials . She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering . Early life and education . Colvin was inspired to study science after watching her mother drink coffee . She is the daughter of Harry Colvin and Carolyn Collins . She earned her bachelors degree in Chemistry and Physics at Stanford University in 1988 . She completed her doctoral studies in 1994 under the supervision of Paul Alivisatos at the UC Berkeley College of Chemistry . After completing her PhD , Colvin joined AT&T Bell Laboratories . Here she worked on materials for holographic data storage . Career . Colvin was appointed to Rice University in 1996 as part of their expansion in nanotechnology . She was awarded a Phi Beta Kappa teaching prize and named as Discover magazines Top Scientists to Watch . Her research was supported by a fellowship from the Alfred P . Sloan Foundation . She pioneered the use of water-soluble quantum dots in biomedicine . The quantum dots can be encapsulated into amphiphilic polymers , which allows control of the quantum dot toxicity . As a model for tissue localisation following intradermal infiltration , Colvin studied how quantum dots migrate in mice . She found that 1D quantum dots remain as a deposit on the skin and penetrate the nearby subcutis and were distributed to draining lymph nodes . She bound quantum dots to gold nanoparticles with a peptide sequence , which suppresses luminescence ; allowing the combination to be used as probes for targeted degradation . She investigated how the shape of quantum dots impacted their function and toxicity . She demonstrated that weathering quantum dots in acidic and alkaline conditions can increase the bactericidal activity due to the rapid release of cadmium and selenite ions . Her group worked on other nanomaterials , including fullerene C60 . At Rice University , Colvin was appointed the Kenneth S . Pitzer-Schlumberger Professor of Chemistry . Her work continued to consider the interactions of nanoparticles , with applications in water purification . She is particularly interested in how nanoparticles interact with living systems . She investigated cerium oxide nanocrystals , and whether when they could be used for medical applications when coated in oleic acid . Colvin led a UK-US scientific effort to create a framework to regulate the use of nanomaterials . She delivered the 2012 Arthur M . Sackler Colloqium , talking about the properties of nanoparticles . In 2013 Colvin was named by Chemistry of Materials as one of their most highly cited investigators . Her recent research looks at sorbents that can help to remove arsenic . Academic service . Colvin was Director of the National Science Foundation Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology from 2001 to 2011 . She was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007 and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 2011 . She became the Vice Provost for Research at Rice University in 2011 . Colvin joined Brown University as Provost in 2014 , after a nationwide search . She joined the board of the Schlumberger Foundation that year , with the hope to secure funding for women scientists . During her time as Provost , she created an entrepreneurial education program , reined in the budget deficit and established a Vice Provost of the Arts position . She stepped down from her role as Provost in June 2015 to focus on her research . She has taught multiple courses for Coursera and is an advocate for flipped classroom learning . She is an editor of the journal Small . |
[
"Brown University"
] | easy | What was the name of the employer Vicki Colvin work for from 2014 to 2015? | /wiki/Vicki_Colvin#P108#2 | Vicki Colvin Vicki Leigh Colvin ( born October 12 , 1965 ) is a Professor of Engineering and Molecular Pharmacology at Brown University . She is the Director of the Centre for Biomedical Engineering . Her work focuses on the synthesis and characterisation of nanomaterials . She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering . Early life and education . Colvin was inspired to study science after watching her mother drink coffee . She is the daughter of Harry Colvin and Carolyn Collins . She earned her bachelors degree in Chemistry and Physics at Stanford University in 1988 . She completed her doctoral studies in 1994 under the supervision of Paul Alivisatos at the UC Berkeley College of Chemistry . After completing her PhD , Colvin joined AT&T Bell Laboratories . Here she worked on materials for holographic data storage . Career . Colvin was appointed to Rice University in 1996 as part of their expansion in nanotechnology . She was awarded a Phi Beta Kappa teaching prize and named as Discover magazines Top Scientists to Watch . Her research was supported by a fellowship from the Alfred P . Sloan Foundation . She pioneered the use of water-soluble quantum dots in biomedicine . The quantum dots can be encapsulated into amphiphilic polymers , which allows control of the quantum dot toxicity . As a model for tissue localisation following intradermal infiltration , Colvin studied how quantum dots migrate in mice . She found that 1D quantum dots remain as a deposit on the skin and penetrate the nearby subcutis and were distributed to draining lymph nodes . She bound quantum dots to gold nanoparticles with a peptide sequence , which suppresses luminescence ; allowing the combination to be used as probes for targeted degradation . She investigated how the shape of quantum dots impacted their function and toxicity . She demonstrated that weathering quantum dots in acidic and alkaline conditions can increase the bactericidal activity due to the rapid release of cadmium and selenite ions . Her group worked on other nanomaterials , including fullerene C60 . At Rice University , Colvin was appointed the Kenneth S . Pitzer-Schlumberger Professor of Chemistry . Her work continued to consider the interactions of nanoparticles , with applications in water purification . She is particularly interested in how nanoparticles interact with living systems . She investigated cerium oxide nanocrystals , and whether when they could be used for medical applications when coated in oleic acid . Colvin led a UK-US scientific effort to create a framework to regulate the use of nanomaterials . She delivered the 2012 Arthur M . Sackler Colloqium , talking about the properties of nanoparticles . In 2013 Colvin was named by Chemistry of Materials as one of their most highly cited investigators . Her recent research looks at sorbents that can help to remove arsenic . Academic service . Colvin was Director of the National Science Foundation Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology from 2001 to 2011 . She was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007 and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 2011 . She became the Vice Provost for Research at Rice University in 2011 . Colvin joined Brown University as Provost in 2014 , after a nationwide search . She joined the board of the Schlumberger Foundation that year , with the hope to secure funding for women scientists . During her time as Provost , she created an entrepreneurial education program , reined in the budget deficit and established a Vice Provost of the Arts position . She stepped down from her role as Provost in June 2015 to focus on her research . She has taught multiple courses for Coursera and is an advocate for flipped classroom learning . She is an editor of the journal Small . |
[
"Milwaukee Bucks"
] | easy | Who was the occupant of UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena from 1968 to 1988? | /wiki/UW–Milwaukee_Panther_Arena#P466#0 | UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena The UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena ( originally the Milwaukee Arena and formerly MECCA Arena and U.S . Cellular Arena ) is an indoor arena located in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . The arena , which seats as many as 12,700 people and offers of floor space , is part of a larger downtown campus , that includes the Milwaukee Theatre and Wisconsin Center . The arena was part of the MECCA Complex from 1974 until the 1995 opening of the Midwest Express Center . History . The arena opened in 1950 and was one of the first to accommodate the needs of broadcast television . It was folded into MECCA ( The Milwaukee Exposition , Convention Center and Arena ) when the complex opened in 1974 . It is also known for its former , uniquely painted basketball court by Robert Indiana in 1978 , with large orange Ms taking up both half-courts representing Milwaukee . The Indiana floor was purchased by a fan in the early 2010s and is currently in storage at Guardian Fine Art Services , an art transportation and museum-quality storage facility in the Milwaukee . It was home to the Milwaukee Hawks ( 1951–55 ) and the Milwaukee Bucks of the NBA ( 1968–1988 ) , and hosted the 1977 NBA All-Star Game before an audience of 10,938 . The venue was also home to Marquette Universitys mens basketball team along with the International Hockey Leagues Milwaukee Admirals . These teams all moved to the now-defunct BMO Harris Bradley Center upon the arenas opening in 1988 . On October 26 , 2017 , the Bucks returned to the arena for a regular season game against the Boston Celtics in honor of their 50th anniversary in the NBA . For this event , the Bucks , by agreement with Indiana , installed a newly built floor featuring a duplicate of his original MECCA court for that game only . After the game , the floor was sanded down to remove the replica of Indianas original work and moved to Menominee Nation Arena in Oshkosh , home to the Bucks NBA G League affiliate , the Wisconsin Herd ( although the team does not play on the floor used in the commemorative game ) . In 1994 , the Wisconsin Center District ( WCD ) , a state organization , was created in order to fund the Midwest Express Center , and , in 1995 the MECCA complex was folded into this , including the Arena ( the soon-to-be-extinct BMO Harris Bradley Center and the newly opened Fiserv Forum are owned by a separate authority ) . Following a major overhaul in 1998 , the arena is now home to the Milwaukee Wave of the Major Indoor Soccer League ( including the 2006 MISL All-Star game ) and is the Milwaukee venue for Disney on Ice . The WCD added the Wisconsin Athletic Walk of Fame alongside the U.S . Cellular Arena in 2001 . At the end of this public promenade is a Wisconsin Historical Marker noting the location where Christopher Sholes invented the first practical typewriter , featuring the QWERTY keyboard layout . As the MECCA , the building hosted first- and second-round games in the Mideast Regional of the 1984 NCAA tournament . The U.S . Cellular Arena also hosted all or part of every Horizon League mens basketball conference tournament from 2003 to 2011 . In 2008 and 2009 , it was home to the Milwaukee Bonecrushers of the Continental Indoor Football League . On August 7 , 2010 , the arena hosted an Arena Football League playoff game between the Milwaukee Mustangs and the Chicago Rush . The Iron played its 2010 regular season home games at the BMO Harris Bradley Center , but the ongoing installation of the new center court scoreboard in that venue forced the home playoff games to be played at the U.S . Cellular Arena , where the Milwaukee Mustangs would go on to win . It is also home to the Brewcity Bruisers roller derby league . Milwaukee Panthers connection and renaming . The arena has been the home of the Milwaukee Panthers mens basketball team at three different times—first from 1993 to 1998 , then from 2003 to 2012 , and since 2013 . The Panthers played their 2012–2013 home games at the 3,500-seat Klotsche Center on UWMs east side campus . The move generated complaints from some Panthers fans and attendance lagged as the team limped to its worst record since the 1990s . After Amanda Braun was named UWMs athletic director in March 2013 , she said she would re-examine the decision to move games from the U.S . Cellular Arena . In July 2013 , UWM officials reached a 5-year contract with the arena owner , Wisconsin Center District , that runs through the 2017–2018 season . U.S . Cellulars naming rights expired on May 31 , 2014 , and they did not renew their contract . On June 26 , 2014 , it was announced that the Arena would be renamed the UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena , as part of an agreement which would run at least through 2024 , with UWM having an option to extend it through 2029 . The deal additionally makes the arena officially the major site for UWM events such as graduation ceremonies , a role it had already taken for years before . In August 2015 , it was revealed that the Milwaukee Admirals were considering a return to UWM Panther Arena in the next few seasons . Their then-current home , BMO Harris Bradley Center , was eventually replaced by the new Fiserv Forum , and the Admirals had not expressed any interest of moving into the arena , and in fact , said they were actually against moving into it . Logically , the move could make sense for a few reasons : more open scheduling dates , the chance to actually share in arena operations rather than just being a tenant , and more marketing in the arena , which they are hardly able to do in Bradley Center . Moreover , Panther Arenas operators have said they would welcome the Admirals moving into the arena . On March 16 , 2016 , it was announced the Admirals signed a 10-year lease with a five-year mutual extension . Also included on the deal was $6.3 million for upgrades to the arena . On June 10 , 2017 , the Milwaukee Bucks announced , as part of celebrating the Bucks 50th season in the NBA , the team would play one regular season game during the 2017–18 season at the Arena . The game was against the Boston Celtics and took place on October 26 , 2017 . The Celtics beat the Bucks 96–89 . Seating capacity . The seating capacity for basketball has changed as follows : Other uses . Concerts . Since the 1960s , the Arena has held a number of concerts by high-profile performers . The Beatles headlined a performance in the Arena as part of their historic 1964 U.S . tour . Elvis Presley performed 2 back-to-back shows at the Arena on June 14 and 15 , 1972 . He would return again on June 28 , 1974 and again on April 27 , 1977 , with the latter occurring 4 months before his death on August 16 of that year . Folk-rock icon Bob Dylan also played a two-night stand there in mid-October as part of his Fall 1981 tour . The Grateful Dead performed there during their spring tour on April 19 , 1989 . Professional wrestling . The arena has also hosted professional wrestling events , including WCWs SuperBrawl ( 1992 ) , Clash of the Champions XXXIV ( 1997 ) and Mayhem ( 2000 ) . It also hosted the World Wrestling Federations King of the Ring ( 1996 ) , and Over the Edge ( 1998 ) . It was at the aforementioned King of the Ring card where Stone Cold Steve Austin first uttered his now-famous Austin 3:16 catchphrase . It was scheduled to host the April 1 , 2020 edition of All Elite Wrestling Dynamite before coronavirus-related public assembly concerns postponed the circuits Milwaukee show to October 28 . |
[
"Milwaukee Panthers mens basketball"
] | easy | Who occupied UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena from 1992 to 1998? | /wiki/UW–Milwaukee_Panther_Arena#P466#1 | UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena The UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena ( originally the Milwaukee Arena and formerly MECCA Arena and U.S . Cellular Arena ) is an indoor arena located in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . The arena , which seats as many as 12,700 people and offers of floor space , is part of a larger downtown campus , that includes the Milwaukee Theatre and Wisconsin Center . The arena was part of the MECCA Complex from 1974 until the 1995 opening of the Midwest Express Center . History . The arena opened in 1950 and was one of the first to accommodate the needs of broadcast television . It was folded into MECCA ( The Milwaukee Exposition , Convention Center and Arena ) when the complex opened in 1974 . It is also known for its former , uniquely painted basketball court by Robert Indiana in 1978 , with large orange Ms taking up both half-courts representing Milwaukee . The Indiana floor was purchased by a fan in the early 2010s and is currently in storage at Guardian Fine Art Services , an art transportation and museum-quality storage facility in the Milwaukee . It was home to the Milwaukee Hawks ( 1951–55 ) and the Milwaukee Bucks of the NBA ( 1968–1988 ) , and hosted the 1977 NBA All-Star Game before an audience of 10,938 . The venue was also home to Marquette Universitys mens basketball team along with the International Hockey Leagues Milwaukee Admirals . These teams all moved to the now-defunct BMO Harris Bradley Center upon the arenas opening in 1988 . On October 26 , 2017 , the Bucks returned to the arena for a regular season game against the Boston Celtics in honor of their 50th anniversary in the NBA . For this event , the Bucks , by agreement with Indiana , installed a newly built floor featuring a duplicate of his original MECCA court for that game only . After the game , the floor was sanded down to remove the replica of Indianas original work and moved to Menominee Nation Arena in Oshkosh , home to the Bucks NBA G League affiliate , the Wisconsin Herd ( although the team does not play on the floor used in the commemorative game ) . In 1994 , the Wisconsin Center District ( WCD ) , a state organization , was created in order to fund the Midwest Express Center , and , in 1995 the MECCA complex was folded into this , including the Arena ( the soon-to-be-extinct BMO Harris Bradley Center and the newly opened Fiserv Forum are owned by a separate authority ) . Following a major overhaul in 1998 , the arena is now home to the Milwaukee Wave of the Major Indoor Soccer League ( including the 2006 MISL All-Star game ) and is the Milwaukee venue for Disney on Ice . The WCD added the Wisconsin Athletic Walk of Fame alongside the U.S . Cellular Arena in 2001 . At the end of this public promenade is a Wisconsin Historical Marker noting the location where Christopher Sholes invented the first practical typewriter , featuring the QWERTY keyboard layout . As the MECCA , the building hosted first- and second-round games in the Mideast Regional of the 1984 NCAA tournament . The U.S . Cellular Arena also hosted all or part of every Horizon League mens basketball conference tournament from 2003 to 2011 . In 2008 and 2009 , it was home to the Milwaukee Bonecrushers of the Continental Indoor Football League . On August 7 , 2010 , the arena hosted an Arena Football League playoff game between the Milwaukee Mustangs and the Chicago Rush . The Iron played its 2010 regular season home games at the BMO Harris Bradley Center , but the ongoing installation of the new center court scoreboard in that venue forced the home playoff games to be played at the U.S . Cellular Arena , where the Milwaukee Mustangs would go on to win . It is also home to the Brewcity Bruisers roller derby league . Milwaukee Panthers connection and renaming . The arena has been the home of the Milwaukee Panthers mens basketball team at three different times—first from 1993 to 1998 , then from 2003 to 2012 , and since 2013 . The Panthers played their 2012–2013 home games at the 3,500-seat Klotsche Center on UWMs east side campus . The move generated complaints from some Panthers fans and attendance lagged as the team limped to its worst record since the 1990s . After Amanda Braun was named UWMs athletic director in March 2013 , she said she would re-examine the decision to move games from the U.S . Cellular Arena . In July 2013 , UWM officials reached a 5-year contract with the arena owner , Wisconsin Center District , that runs through the 2017–2018 season . U.S . Cellulars naming rights expired on May 31 , 2014 , and they did not renew their contract . On June 26 , 2014 , it was announced that the Arena would be renamed the UW–Milwaukee Panther Arena , as part of an agreement which would run at least through 2024 , with UWM having an option to extend it through 2029 . The deal additionally makes the arena officially the major site for UWM events such as graduation ceremonies , a role it had already taken for years before . In August 2015 , it was revealed that the Milwaukee Admirals were considering a return to UWM Panther Arena in the next few seasons . Their then-current home , BMO Harris Bradley Center , was eventually replaced by the new Fiserv Forum , and the Admirals had not expressed any interest of moving into the arena , and in fact , said they were actually against moving into it . Logically , the move could make sense for a few reasons : more open scheduling dates , the chance to actually share in arena operations rather than just being a tenant , and more marketing in the arena , which they are hardly able to do in Bradley Center . Moreover , Panther Arenas operators have said they would welcome the Admirals moving into the arena . On March 16 , 2016 , it was announced the Admirals signed a 10-year lease with a five-year mutual extension . Also included on the deal was $6.3 million for upgrades to the arena . On June 10 , 2017 , the Milwaukee Bucks announced , as part of celebrating the Bucks 50th season in the NBA , the team would play one regular season game during the 2017–18 season at the Arena . The game was against the Boston Celtics and took place on October 26 , 2017 . The Celtics beat the Bucks 96–89 . Seating capacity . The seating capacity for basketball has changed as follows : Other uses . Concerts . Since the 1960s , the Arena has held a number of concerts by high-profile performers . The Beatles headlined a performance in the Arena as part of their historic 1964 U.S . tour . Elvis Presley performed 2 back-to-back shows at the Arena on June 14 and 15 , 1972 . He would return again on June 28 , 1974 and again on April 27 , 1977 , with the latter occurring 4 months before his death on August 16 of that year . Folk-rock icon Bob Dylan also played a two-night stand there in mid-October as part of his Fall 1981 tour . The Grateful Dead performed there during their spring tour on April 19 , 1989 . Professional wrestling . The arena has also hosted professional wrestling events , including WCWs SuperBrawl ( 1992 ) , Clash of the Champions XXXIV ( 1997 ) and Mayhem ( 2000 ) . It also hosted the World Wrestling Federations King of the Ring ( 1996 ) , and Over the Edge ( 1998 ) . It was at the aforementioned King of the Ring card where Stone Cold Steve Austin first uttered his now-famous Austin 3:16 catchphrase . It was scheduled to host the April 1 , 2020 edition of All Elite Wrestling Dynamite before coronavirus-related public assembly concerns postponed the circuits Milwaukee show to October 28 . |
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