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[
"Newry and Armagh Westminster"
] |
easy
|
What was the position of Conor Murphy from Nov 2003 to May 2005?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#1
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive"
] |
easy
|
What was the position of Conor Murphy from May 2005 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#2
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Northern Ireland Assembly"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Conor Murphy hold in 2007?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#3
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh"
] |
easy
|
Conor Murphy took which position in Mar 2007?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#4
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive"
] |
easy
|
Conor Murphy took which position from May 2007 to Apr 2010?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#5
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Conor Murphy hold in Apr 2010?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#6
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Conor Murphy hold in Apr 2010?
|
/wiki/Conor_Murphy#P39#7
|
Conor Murphy Conor Terence Murphy ( born 10 July 1963 ) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh . He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015 . Early life . Murphy was born in Camlough , South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) during the 1981 hunger strikes . In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives . Political career . Between 1989 and 1997 , he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area , in South Armagh and South Down , and served as his partys group leader at that level . Assembly elections . In 1998 , Murphy was elected as one of his partys two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh . He was re-elected , with two party colleagues , to the Assembly in 2003 . He lives in Camlough , County Armagh with his wife Catherine , his daughter Áine and his son Oisín . He attended St Colmans College , Newry , Queens University of Belfast ( QUB ) , and the University of Ulster . In 2001 , he contested the Newry and Armagh Westminster seat , coming second to incumbent Séamus Mallon of the Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP ) . When Mallon decided not to contest the seat again , Murphy became the clear favourite to win and was elected on 5 May 2005 . Abstentionism and tour of UK party conferences . He refused to take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in line with the abstentionist policy of Sinn Féin . In the Northern Ireland Assembly , he served as the Minister for Regional Development in the Northern Ireland Executive from 8 May 2007 until 16 May 2011 . While on a tour of UK party conferences in autumn 2005 , he became the first Irish republican to address the Conservative Party conference and caused controversy by refusing to express regret over the Brighton hotel bombing . Tribunal over appointment of head of Northern Ireland Water . In 2011 , while Minister for Regional Development , Murphy appointed Seán Hogan , a Catholic , as head of Northern Ireland Water , turning down the applications of four Protestants on the shortlist . A tribunal subsequently awarded £150,000 damages for discrimination to one of these applicants , Alan Lennon , judging that Hogan was appointed because he was not from a Protestant background and because he was known to the minister and his ( then Sinn Fein ) ministerial colleagues Michelle Gildernew and Caitríona Ruane , who were consulted about the appointment . The tribunal found Murphys evidence was implausible and lack [ ing ] credibility , and that , during Murphys tenure at the Department for Regional Development , there was a material bias against the appointment of candidates from a Protestant background . Murphy disputed the finding which he said branded him sectarian . Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland Martin McGuinness defended him , claiming Murphy doesnt have a sectarian bone in his body . Witness in Declan Gormley case . In December 2012 , Murphy appeared as a witness at Belfast High Court in the case of Declan Gormley , whom Murphy had sacked in 2010 from his post as a non-executive director of NI Water . Gormley sued Sinn Féin over two press releases which he argued were defamatory . Gormley was subsequently offered £80,000 in damages . Controversy over comments about Paul Quinn . In 2007 , shortly after the murder of Paul Quinn , Conor Murphy said in an interview with Spotlight that Paul Quinn was involved with smuggling and criminality and I think that everyone accepts that . During the 2020 Irish general election Conor Murphys comments were an issue . Breege Quinn said that her son was definitely not involved in criminality and called on Conor Murphy to withdraw his remarks and make a public apology to the Quinn family . On 6 February 2020 Conor Murphy spoke to RTÉ and said that he had withdrawn the remarks he had made in 2007 and apologised to the Quinn family . Breege Quinn repeated her call for him to resign as Minister for Finance at Stormont . She said he should finish off and get justice for the Quinn family . She said he should go and tell the PSNI and the Gardaí exactly who he was speaking to in the IRA after the murder . She said she would not meet Conor Murphy until he comes out publicly saying that he is going to the PSNI to give the names of the IRA that he spoke to in Cullyhanna . External links . - Sinn Féin official biography
|
[
"Centrale",
"Duomo"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from May 1990 to Dec 1990?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#0
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
|
[
"Centrale",
"Porta Romana"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from Dec 1990 to May 1991?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#1
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
|
[
"Sondrio",
"Porta Romana"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from May 1991 to Dec 1995?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#2
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
|
[
"San Donato",
"Zara"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from Dec 1995 to Dec 2003?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#3
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
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[
"San Donato",
"Maciachini"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from Dec 2003 to Mar 2011?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#4
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
|
[
"Comasina",
"San Donato"
] |
easy
|
What was the terminus of Milan Metro Line 3 from Mar 2011 to Mar 2012?
|
/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_3#P559#5
|
Milan Metro Line 3 Line 3 ( Linea Tre in Italian , also known as M3 ) is a subway line serving Milan , Italy . The line is part of the Milan Metro and is operated by ATM . Construction began in 1981 in order to be ready for the 1990 Football World Cup . It is also called the Yellow Line ( Linea Gialla ) as it is identified by yellow signage . The line connects the south-eastern suburb of San Donato Milanese to the north-western area of the city passing through the city centre . It is 17.1 km long with 21 stations . History . The proposal for a third metro line was approved by Milan municipality in 1977 . The route was chosen based on a study of main traffic routes in previous years . The final project was presented in early 1981 and works on the new line began on 8 September of the same year . The first section , from Centrale to Duomo was opened on 3 May 1990 , just before the beginning of the World Cup . However , only a shuttle service was active between the two terminus . The line was extended to Porta Romana at the end of the year . New extensions to Sondrio on the north and to San Donato on the south opened on 12 May 1991 . Works on the new line slowed during the following years . Zara station was inaugurated only on 16 December 1995 and Maciachini on 8 December 2003 . The last extension ( Maciachini-Comasina ) opened in early 2011 . Route . The line , 16.6-kilometre long with 21 stations , runs from Comasina to San Donato . Rolling Stock . Trains use an overhead line providing a voltage of 1,500 V DC . The track gauge is the . As of 2020 , there are two types of trains running on the line : The 8000 Series , built between 1989 and 2003 and the 900 Series Meneghino , introduced in 2011 for the lines extension to Comasina . The 8000 Series has three subseries : - standard 8000 Series , built by a consortium of Breda , Fiat Ferroviaria and OMS , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by ABB . - 8080 Series , built by Socimi , with GTO-VVVF inverters made by Hitachi . - 8100 Series , air-conditioned , walk-through version of the older 8000s introduced in 2003 for the lines extension to Machiachini . Planned extension . A south extension of the line is planned . The new section will run from San Donato through the municipalities of San Donato Milanese , Peschiera Borromeo , Mediglia , Pantigliate , Settala and Paullo . The extension will be long with 6 stations and will be mostly underground ( 60% ) . Although the project was approved in 2010 , it was put on hold at the beginning of 2011 due to lack of funds . Works were planned to start in a future year . External links . - Official ATM website - Milan Metro Map
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
What was the operator of Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives from 1909 to Jun 1922?
|
/wiki/Brecon_and_Merthyr_0-6-2T_locomotives#P137#0
|
Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives were steam tank locomotives of the Brecon and Merthyr Railway including classes 36 and 45 . The Brecon and Merthyr 36 was a class of 0-6-2T steam locomotive introduced into traffic in 1909 from a design by the Rhymney Railways engineer Hurry Riches . There were initially four locos in the class augmented to eight in 1914 . They were built by Robert Stephenson and Company and were almost identical to the successful Rhymney Railway R class excepting a round-topped boiler . When rebuilt by the GWR they acquired GWR Belpaire boilers . The B & M also borrowed from the Rhymney Railway P class for six more engines in two batches of three in 1915 and 1920 loosely known as the 45 class . Overview of similar classes . In similar vein , the Neath and Brecon Railway used the Rhymney Railways Stephensons as a blueprint for three locomotives ( known as the Neath and Brecon Stephensons ) built in 1904 to the design of the Rhymney Railway M class . The Rhymney Railway R class and related 1904-introduced Rhymney Railway M class and 1910 Rhymney Railway A class were successful designs ideally suited to hauling heavy coal trains a relatively short distance . In 1924 , Nos 36 & 38 were reboilered by the GWR and in this form were visually almost indistinguishable from the GWR 5600 Class . All but two of the fourteen B & M Stephensons were eventually rebuilt , the last as late as 1947 . Thus the 36 ( and larger wheeled 45 class ) were designed for work on the Brecon and Merthyr , replacing smaller locomotives . When the smaller railway companies were forcibly merged into the GWR , these 0-6-2Ts were in generally good order and had proved successful . Collectively the sixty-five various permutations of the Rhymney Stephensons became the blueprint for the 200 strong 56xx class . The design of the 56xx followed the Rhymney/Brecon and Merthyr/Neath and Brecon designs quite closely , but adopted GWR practice as far as possible , by utilising many standardized parts . Included in Colletts innovations was a standard number 2 boiler which was suitable for the 5600 ( and the M and R class Rhymney locomotives and the B & M 36 class ) , complete with the traditional copper GWR safety valve casing and copper-capped chimney . Some Rhymney A and P classes were also rebuilt but used the slightly shorter standard number 10 boiler , also to good effect . These were substantial sized tank engines , and weighed 66tons ( 62 tons after rebuilding ) and were 36 8 in length . They had long lives , extended by the rebuilding . The first withdrawal was in 1947 and the last in 1954 . Dimensions . - B & M 36 class , see Rhymney Railway R class - B & M 45 class , see Rhymney Railway P class Welsh 0-6-2T types . The railways of South Wales seem to have had a particular liking for the 0-6-2T type . This was because the nature of the work they undertook demanded high adhesive weight , plenty of power with good braking ability , but no need for outright speed , nor large tanks or bunker as the distances from pit to port were short . These Welsh locomotives were taken over by the GWR at the grouping in 1923 and many including seventeen of the Rhymney A , M , P and Rs were rebuilt with GWR taper boilers . All the Rhymney Stephenson-derived locos passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Others included ( with some gaps in numbering ) : - Brecon and Merthyr Railway , BR numbers 431-436 - Cardiff Railway , BR number 155 - Rhymney Railway , BR numbers 35-83 - Taff Vale Railway , BR numbers 204-399 For further information on these pre-grouping locomotives see Locomotives of the Great Western Railway .
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
What was the operator of Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives from Jul 1922 to Dec 1947?
|
/wiki/Brecon_and_Merthyr_0-6-2T_locomotives#P137#1
|
Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives were steam tank locomotives of the Brecon and Merthyr Railway including classes 36 and 45 . The Brecon and Merthyr 36 was a class of 0-6-2T steam locomotive introduced into traffic in 1909 from a design by the Rhymney Railways engineer Hurry Riches . There were initially four locos in the class augmented to eight in 1914 . They were built by Robert Stephenson and Company and were almost identical to the successful Rhymney Railway R class excepting a round-topped boiler . When rebuilt by the GWR they acquired GWR Belpaire boilers . The B & M also borrowed from the Rhymney Railway P class for six more engines in two batches of three in 1915 and 1920 loosely known as the 45 class . Overview of similar classes . In similar vein , the Neath and Brecon Railway used the Rhymney Railways Stephensons as a blueprint for three locomotives ( known as the Neath and Brecon Stephensons ) built in 1904 to the design of the Rhymney Railway M class . The Rhymney Railway R class and related 1904-introduced Rhymney Railway M class and 1910 Rhymney Railway A class were successful designs ideally suited to hauling heavy coal trains a relatively short distance . In 1924 , Nos 36 & 38 were reboilered by the GWR and in this form were visually almost indistinguishable from the GWR 5600 Class . All but two of the fourteen B & M Stephensons were eventually rebuilt , the last as late as 1947 . Thus the 36 ( and larger wheeled 45 class ) were designed for work on the Brecon and Merthyr , replacing smaller locomotives . When the smaller railway companies were forcibly merged into the GWR , these 0-6-2Ts were in generally good order and had proved successful . Collectively the sixty-five various permutations of the Rhymney Stephensons became the blueprint for the 200 strong 56xx class . The design of the 56xx followed the Rhymney/Brecon and Merthyr/Neath and Brecon designs quite closely , but adopted GWR practice as far as possible , by utilising many standardized parts . Included in Colletts innovations was a standard number 2 boiler which was suitable for the 5600 ( and the M and R class Rhymney locomotives and the B & M 36 class ) , complete with the traditional copper GWR safety valve casing and copper-capped chimney . Some Rhymney A and P classes were also rebuilt but used the slightly shorter standard number 10 boiler , also to good effect . These were substantial sized tank engines , and weighed 66tons ( 62 tons after rebuilding ) and were 36 8 in length . They had long lives , extended by the rebuilding . The first withdrawal was in 1947 and the last in 1954 . Dimensions . - B & M 36 class , see Rhymney Railway R class - B & M 45 class , see Rhymney Railway P class Welsh 0-6-2T types . The railways of South Wales seem to have had a particular liking for the 0-6-2T type . This was because the nature of the work they undertook demanded high adhesive weight , plenty of power with good braking ability , but no need for outright speed , nor large tanks or bunker as the distances from pit to port were short . These Welsh locomotives were taken over by the GWR at the grouping in 1923 and many including seventeen of the Rhymney A , M , P and Rs were rebuilt with GWR taper boilers . All the Rhymney Stephenson-derived locos passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Others included ( with some gaps in numbering ) : - Brecon and Merthyr Railway , BR numbers 431-436 - Cardiff Railway , BR number 155 - Rhymney Railway , BR numbers 35-83 - Taff Vale Railway , BR numbers 204-399 For further information on these pre-grouping locomotives see Locomotives of the Great Western Railway .
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
What operated Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives from 1948 to 1954?
|
/wiki/Brecon_and_Merthyr_0-6-2T_locomotives#P137#2
|
Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives Brecon and Merthyr 0-6-2T locomotives were steam tank locomotives of the Brecon and Merthyr Railway including classes 36 and 45 . The Brecon and Merthyr 36 was a class of 0-6-2T steam locomotive introduced into traffic in 1909 from a design by the Rhymney Railways engineer Hurry Riches . There were initially four locos in the class augmented to eight in 1914 . They were built by Robert Stephenson and Company and were almost identical to the successful Rhymney Railway R class excepting a round-topped boiler . When rebuilt by the GWR they acquired GWR Belpaire boilers . The B & M also borrowed from the Rhymney Railway P class for six more engines in two batches of three in 1915 and 1920 loosely known as the 45 class . Overview of similar classes . In similar vein , the Neath and Brecon Railway used the Rhymney Railways Stephensons as a blueprint for three locomotives ( known as the Neath and Brecon Stephensons ) built in 1904 to the design of the Rhymney Railway M class . The Rhymney Railway R class and related 1904-introduced Rhymney Railway M class and 1910 Rhymney Railway A class were successful designs ideally suited to hauling heavy coal trains a relatively short distance . In 1924 , Nos 36 & 38 were reboilered by the GWR and in this form were visually almost indistinguishable from the GWR 5600 Class . All but two of the fourteen B & M Stephensons were eventually rebuilt , the last as late as 1947 . Thus the 36 ( and larger wheeled 45 class ) were designed for work on the Brecon and Merthyr , replacing smaller locomotives . When the smaller railway companies were forcibly merged into the GWR , these 0-6-2Ts were in generally good order and had proved successful . Collectively the sixty-five various permutations of the Rhymney Stephensons became the blueprint for the 200 strong 56xx class . The design of the 56xx followed the Rhymney/Brecon and Merthyr/Neath and Brecon designs quite closely , but adopted GWR practice as far as possible , by utilising many standardized parts . Included in Colletts innovations was a standard number 2 boiler which was suitable for the 5600 ( and the M and R class Rhymney locomotives and the B & M 36 class ) , complete with the traditional copper GWR safety valve casing and copper-capped chimney . Some Rhymney A and P classes were also rebuilt but used the slightly shorter standard number 10 boiler , also to good effect . These were substantial sized tank engines , and weighed 66tons ( 62 tons after rebuilding ) and were 36 8 in length . They had long lives , extended by the rebuilding . The first withdrawal was in 1947 and the last in 1954 . Dimensions . - B & M 36 class , see Rhymney Railway R class - B & M 45 class , see Rhymney Railway P class Welsh 0-6-2T types . The railways of South Wales seem to have had a particular liking for the 0-6-2T type . This was because the nature of the work they undertook demanded high adhesive weight , plenty of power with good braking ability , but no need for outright speed , nor large tanks or bunker as the distances from pit to port were short . These Welsh locomotives were taken over by the GWR at the grouping in 1923 and many including seventeen of the Rhymney A , M , P and Rs were rebuilt with GWR taper boilers . All the Rhymney Stephenson-derived locos passed into British Railways ( BR ) ownership in 1948 . Others included ( with some gaps in numbering ) : - Brecon and Merthyr Railway , BR numbers 431-436 - Cardiff Railway , BR number 155 - Rhymney Railway , BR numbers 35-83 - Taff Vale Railway , BR numbers 204-399 For further information on these pre-grouping locomotives see Locomotives of the Great Western Railway .
|
[
"Hampton Roads Piranhas"
] |
easy
|
Joseph Nane played for which team from 2007 to 2008?
|
/wiki/Joseph_Nane#P54#0
|
Joseph Nane Joseph Nane Fils Eone ( born March 12 , 1987 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian footballer , who last played for ASIL Lysi in the Cypriot Second Division . Career . College and Amateur . Joseph attended the Catholic University of Cameroon prior to coming to the United States to play college soccer at Old Dominion University in 2006 . He was a Second Team All-CAA selection in his junior year in 2008 . During his college years he also played with the Hampton Roads Piranhas in the USL Premier Development League . Professional . Joseph was drafted in the fourth round ( 53rd overall ) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC . Joseph signed a developmental contract with Toronto FC on April 5 , 2010 . Joseph made his professional debut on April 10 , 2010 in a game against New England Revolution . Joseph was traded to Colorado Rapids on November 30 , 2010 in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2012 MLS SuperDraft . Nane was released by Colorado on November 16 , 2012 . He entered the 2012 MLS Re-Entry Draft and became a free agent after going undrafted in both rounds of the draft . On March 12 , 2013 , Nane signed with New York Cosmos , and made 10 appearances and five starts in his first season with the team , which culminated in winning the 2013 NASL Soccer Bowl over Atlanta Silverbacks . The Cosmos announced on January 25 , 2014 that they had signed Nane to a contract extension . During the 2014 Spring season , Nane made eight appearances and six starts and recorded his first assist with the Cosmos in the teams 3-0 win over the Fort Lauderdale Strikers on May 31 , 2014 at Fort Lauderdale , as the Cosmos finished in second place with a record of 6-1-2 ( W-D-L ) . Nane finished the 2014 regular season with 13 starts and 21 appearances . He recorded one assist on the season . He failed to reach a new contract agreement with New York at the end of 2014 and was released by the club . Nane spent the 2015 season with San Antonio Scorpions , before the club ceased operations in December 2015 . Kazakhstan . In February 2016 Nane moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League , signing for FC Okzhetpes on a one-year contract . After suffering a recurrence of an old knee injury , Nane was ruled out for three months , subsequently Nane left Okzhetpes by mutual consent on 6 June 2017 . The following June , having played an additional six-months with Okzhetpes , Nane signed for FC Aktobe on 18 June 2017 . On 28 February 2018 , Nane signed for FC Atyrau . Personal . Nane holds a U.S . green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . bea bere mereu dupa meci Honours . Club . - Toronto FC - Canadian Championship ( 1 ) : 2010 - New York Cosmos - NASL Soccer Bowl ( 1 ) : 2013
|
[
"Colorado Rapids"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Joseph Nane play for from 2011 to 2012?
|
/wiki/Joseph_Nane#P54#1
|
Joseph Nane Joseph Nane Fils Eone ( born March 12 , 1987 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian footballer , who last played for ASIL Lysi in the Cypriot Second Division . Career . College and Amateur . Joseph attended the Catholic University of Cameroon prior to coming to the United States to play college soccer at Old Dominion University in 2006 . He was a Second Team All-CAA selection in his junior year in 2008 . During his college years he also played with the Hampton Roads Piranhas in the USL Premier Development League . Professional . Joseph was drafted in the fourth round ( 53rd overall ) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC . Joseph signed a developmental contract with Toronto FC on April 5 , 2010 . Joseph made his professional debut on April 10 , 2010 in a game against New England Revolution . Joseph was traded to Colorado Rapids on November 30 , 2010 in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2012 MLS SuperDraft . Nane was released by Colorado on November 16 , 2012 . He entered the 2012 MLS Re-Entry Draft and became a free agent after going undrafted in both rounds of the draft . On March 12 , 2013 , Nane signed with New York Cosmos , and made 10 appearances and five starts in his first season with the team , which culminated in winning the 2013 NASL Soccer Bowl over Atlanta Silverbacks . The Cosmos announced on January 25 , 2014 that they had signed Nane to a contract extension . During the 2014 Spring season , Nane made eight appearances and six starts and recorded his first assist with the Cosmos in the teams 3-0 win over the Fort Lauderdale Strikers on May 31 , 2014 at Fort Lauderdale , as the Cosmos finished in second place with a record of 6-1-2 ( W-D-L ) . Nane finished the 2014 regular season with 13 starts and 21 appearances . He recorded one assist on the season . He failed to reach a new contract agreement with New York at the end of 2014 and was released by the club . Nane spent the 2015 season with San Antonio Scorpions , before the club ceased operations in December 2015 . Kazakhstan . In February 2016 Nane moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League , signing for FC Okzhetpes on a one-year contract . After suffering a recurrence of an old knee injury , Nane was ruled out for three months , subsequently Nane left Okzhetpes by mutual consent on 6 June 2017 . The following June , having played an additional six-months with Okzhetpes , Nane signed for FC Aktobe on 18 June 2017 . On 28 February 2018 , Nane signed for FC Atyrau . Personal . Nane holds a U.S . green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . bea bere mereu dupa meci Honours . Club . - Toronto FC - Canadian Championship ( 1 ) : 2010 - New York Cosmos - NASL Soccer Bowl ( 1 ) : 2013
|
[
"New York Cosmos"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Joseph Nane belong to from 2013 to 2014?
|
/wiki/Joseph_Nane#P54#2
|
Joseph Nane Joseph Nane Fils Eone ( born March 12 , 1987 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian footballer , who last played for ASIL Lysi in the Cypriot Second Division . Career . College and Amateur . Joseph attended the Catholic University of Cameroon prior to coming to the United States to play college soccer at Old Dominion University in 2006 . He was a Second Team All-CAA selection in his junior year in 2008 . During his college years he also played with the Hampton Roads Piranhas in the USL Premier Development League . Professional . Joseph was drafted in the fourth round ( 53rd overall ) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC . Joseph signed a developmental contract with Toronto FC on April 5 , 2010 . Joseph made his professional debut on April 10 , 2010 in a game against New England Revolution . Joseph was traded to Colorado Rapids on November 30 , 2010 in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2012 MLS SuperDraft . Nane was released by Colorado on November 16 , 2012 . He entered the 2012 MLS Re-Entry Draft and became a free agent after going undrafted in both rounds of the draft . On March 12 , 2013 , Nane signed with New York Cosmos , and made 10 appearances and five starts in his first season with the team , which culminated in winning the 2013 NASL Soccer Bowl over Atlanta Silverbacks . The Cosmos announced on January 25 , 2014 that they had signed Nane to a contract extension . During the 2014 Spring season , Nane made eight appearances and six starts and recorded his first assist with the Cosmos in the teams 3-0 win over the Fort Lauderdale Strikers on May 31 , 2014 at Fort Lauderdale , as the Cosmos finished in second place with a record of 6-1-2 ( W-D-L ) . Nane finished the 2014 regular season with 13 starts and 21 appearances . He recorded one assist on the season . He failed to reach a new contract agreement with New York at the end of 2014 and was released by the club . Nane spent the 2015 season with San Antonio Scorpions , before the club ceased operations in December 2015 . Kazakhstan . In February 2016 Nane moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League , signing for FC Okzhetpes on a one-year contract . After suffering a recurrence of an old knee injury , Nane was ruled out for three months , subsequently Nane left Okzhetpes by mutual consent on 6 June 2017 . The following June , having played an additional six-months with Okzhetpes , Nane signed for FC Aktobe on 18 June 2017 . On 28 February 2018 , Nane signed for FC Atyrau . Personal . Nane holds a U.S . green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . bea bere mereu dupa meci Honours . Club . - Toronto FC - Canadian Championship ( 1 ) : 2010 - New York Cosmos - NASL Soccer Bowl ( 1 ) : 2013
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[
"New York Cosmos",
"San Antonio Scorpions"
] |
easy
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Joseph Nane played for which team from 2014 to 2016?
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/wiki/Joseph_Nane#P54#3
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Joseph Nane Joseph Nane Fils Eone ( born March 12 , 1987 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian footballer , who last played for ASIL Lysi in the Cypriot Second Division . Career . College and Amateur . Joseph attended the Catholic University of Cameroon prior to coming to the United States to play college soccer at Old Dominion University in 2006 . He was a Second Team All-CAA selection in his junior year in 2008 . During his college years he also played with the Hampton Roads Piranhas in the USL Premier Development League . Professional . Joseph was drafted in the fourth round ( 53rd overall ) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC . Joseph signed a developmental contract with Toronto FC on April 5 , 2010 . Joseph made his professional debut on April 10 , 2010 in a game against New England Revolution . Joseph was traded to Colorado Rapids on November 30 , 2010 in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2012 MLS SuperDraft . Nane was released by Colorado on November 16 , 2012 . He entered the 2012 MLS Re-Entry Draft and became a free agent after going undrafted in both rounds of the draft . On March 12 , 2013 , Nane signed with New York Cosmos , and made 10 appearances and five starts in his first season with the team , which culminated in winning the 2013 NASL Soccer Bowl over Atlanta Silverbacks . The Cosmos announced on January 25 , 2014 that they had signed Nane to a contract extension . During the 2014 Spring season , Nane made eight appearances and six starts and recorded his first assist with the Cosmos in the teams 3-0 win over the Fort Lauderdale Strikers on May 31 , 2014 at Fort Lauderdale , as the Cosmos finished in second place with a record of 6-1-2 ( W-D-L ) . Nane finished the 2014 regular season with 13 starts and 21 appearances . He recorded one assist on the season . He failed to reach a new contract agreement with New York at the end of 2014 and was released by the club . Nane spent the 2015 season with San Antonio Scorpions , before the club ceased operations in December 2015 . Kazakhstan . In February 2016 Nane moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League , signing for FC Okzhetpes on a one-year contract . After suffering a recurrence of an old knee injury , Nane was ruled out for three months , subsequently Nane left Okzhetpes by mutual consent on 6 June 2017 . The following June , having played an additional six-months with Okzhetpes , Nane signed for FC Aktobe on 18 June 2017 . On 28 February 2018 , Nane signed for FC Atyrau . Personal . Nane holds a U.S . green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . bea bere mereu dupa meci Honours . Club . - Toronto FC - Canadian Championship ( 1 ) : 2010 - New York Cosmos - NASL Soccer Bowl ( 1 ) : 2013
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[
"FC Okzhetpes"
] |
easy
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Which team did Joseph Nane play for from 2016 to 2017?
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/wiki/Joseph_Nane#P54#4
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Joseph Nane Joseph Nane Fils Eone ( born March 12 , 1987 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian footballer , who last played for ASIL Lysi in the Cypriot Second Division . Career . College and Amateur . Joseph attended the Catholic University of Cameroon prior to coming to the United States to play college soccer at Old Dominion University in 2006 . He was a Second Team All-CAA selection in his junior year in 2008 . During his college years he also played with the Hampton Roads Piranhas in the USL Premier Development League . Professional . Joseph was drafted in the fourth round ( 53rd overall ) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by Toronto FC . Joseph signed a developmental contract with Toronto FC on April 5 , 2010 . Joseph made his professional debut on April 10 , 2010 in a game against New England Revolution . Joseph was traded to Colorado Rapids on November 30 , 2010 in exchange for a third-round selection in the 2012 MLS SuperDraft . Nane was released by Colorado on November 16 , 2012 . He entered the 2012 MLS Re-Entry Draft and became a free agent after going undrafted in both rounds of the draft . On March 12 , 2013 , Nane signed with New York Cosmos , and made 10 appearances and five starts in his first season with the team , which culminated in winning the 2013 NASL Soccer Bowl over Atlanta Silverbacks . The Cosmos announced on January 25 , 2014 that they had signed Nane to a contract extension . During the 2014 Spring season , Nane made eight appearances and six starts and recorded his first assist with the Cosmos in the teams 3-0 win over the Fort Lauderdale Strikers on May 31 , 2014 at Fort Lauderdale , as the Cosmos finished in second place with a record of 6-1-2 ( W-D-L ) . Nane finished the 2014 regular season with 13 starts and 21 appearances . He recorded one assist on the season . He failed to reach a new contract agreement with New York at the end of 2014 and was released by the club . Nane spent the 2015 season with San Antonio Scorpions , before the club ceased operations in December 2015 . Kazakhstan . In February 2016 Nane moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League , signing for FC Okzhetpes on a one-year contract . After suffering a recurrence of an old knee injury , Nane was ruled out for three months , subsequently Nane left Okzhetpes by mutual consent on 6 June 2017 . The following June , having played an additional six-months with Okzhetpes , Nane signed for FC Aktobe on 18 June 2017 . On 28 February 2018 , Nane signed for FC Atyrau . Personal . Nane holds a U.S . green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes . bea bere mereu dupa meci Honours . Club . - Toronto FC - Canadian Championship ( 1 ) : 2010 - New York Cosmos - NASL Soccer Bowl ( 1 ) : 2013
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[
"Iowa House of Representatives"
] |
easy
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What position did Terry Branstad take from 1973 to 1979?
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/wiki/Terry_Branstad#P39#0
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Terry Branstad Terry Edward Branstad ( born November 17 , 1946 ) is an American politician , university administrator , and diplomat from the Republican Party . He served as the governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and from 2011 to 2017 . Branstad served as United States Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2020 , during the presidency of Donald Trump . He also served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 . Branstad served as the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 . After a first retirement from politics , he served from 2003 to 2009 as President of Des Moines University , a private medical osteopathic school . In 2010 he ran for governor again and defeated Democratic incumbent Chet Culver to become the states 42nd governor . He was reelected to a sixth term in 2014 . His tenure of 22 years , 4 months , and 13 days makes him the longest-serving governor of any state in American history , having surpassed George Clintons 8,169 days in office in December 2015 . In December 2016 , Branstad accepted President Donald Trumps nomination as United States Ambassador to China . He was confirmed and sworn in in May 2017 . In 2020 , Branstad resigned as Ambassador to China to work on Trumps reelection campaign . Early life . Branstad was born in Leland , Iowa . His father was Edward Arnold Branstad , a farmer ; his mother was Rita ( née Garland ) . Branstads mother was Jewish , and his father a Norwegian American Lutheran . Branstad was raised Lutheran and later converted to Catholicism . He is a second cousin of US Attorney-General Merrick Garland . Education . Branstad received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of Iowa in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Drake University Law School in 1974 . He was drafted after college and served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 as a military policeman in the 503rd Military Police Battalion at Fort Bragg . He was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service ; he once recalled that he arrested actress Jane Fonda for coming onto post at Arlington National Cemetery , where she was planning to attend an antiwar protest . Early political career . Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983 , the year he was first elected governor . Governor of Iowa . First tenure ( 1983–1999 ) . When elected governor at age 36 , Branstad became the youngest chief executive in Iowas history . Reelected in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 , he left office as Iowas longest-serving governor . He served as Chairman of the National Governors Association in 1989–90 , and also was Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association . In 1997 he chaired the Education Commission of the States , the Republican Governors Association , and the Governors Ethanol Coalition . In 1983 Branstad vetoed a bill to establish a state lottery . Iowas unemployment rate went from 8.5% when Branstad took office to a record low 2.5% by the time he left office in 1999 . In his first year as governor , the state budget had a $90 million deficit . It took several years until the budget was balanced . Branstad said he did not have enough support in the legislature to approve budget reforms until 1992 . By 1999 Iowa had an unprecedented $900 million budget surplus . Inter-gubernatorial career . Branstad focused most of his efforts outside of politics after leaving office in early 1999 . He founded Branstad and Associates , LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman , Pattee , Branstad & Miller and a financial advisor for Robert W . Baird and Co . In August 2003 Branstad accepted an offer from Des Moines University to become its president . On October 16 , 2009 , he announced his retirement from Des Moines University to run again for governor . President George W . Bush appointed Branstad to chair the Presidents Commission on Excellence in Special Education . The commission was charged with developing a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities . After completing his work with the commission in 2003 , Branstad was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health , or PATH . The advisory council encourages action to detect adolescent mental illness . In April 2003 Branstad was named a public member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , which comprises both professional and public members who address a variety of issues related to accounting . Branstad serves on the boards of Conmed Health Management Inc , American Future Fund , the Iowa Health System , Liberty Bank , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and Living History Farms . Second tenure ( 2011–2017 ) . 2010 gubernatorial election . On August 2 , 2009 , The Des Moines Register reported that Branstad was actively considering seeking the Republican nomination for governor . On October 7 , Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election . According to a September Des Moines Register poll , he maintained a 70% favorability rating from Iowans as compared to Governor Chet Culvers rating of 50% . On June 8 , 2010 , Branstad won the Republican gubernatorial nomination , but when opposing candidate Bob Vander Plaats conceded , he did not endorse Branstad . The Des Moines Tea Party gave Branstad a no on their report card regarding criteria for acceptance and said Branstad had a history of raising taxes , [ was ] not a true conservative , increased the size of government every year he held office , [ and ] built a state-owned phone company . Former Iowa State Auditor Richard Johnson accused Branstad of keeping two sets of books on the state budget while governor . Johnson said Branstad needed to be transparent to Iowa voters about the reporting of Iowas finances during his tenure as governor . 2014 gubernatorial election . Branstad ran for reelection in 2014 . He was opposed in the Republican primary by Tom Hoefling , a political activist and nominee for president in 2012 for both Americas Party and American Independent Party . Branstad won the primary with 83% of the vote . In the general election , Branstad faced Democratic nominee State Senator Jack Hatch and won with 59% of the vote . Voting rights . Branstad rescinded an executive order by his predecessor Tom Vilsack that restored voting rights to approximately 115,000 felons who had completed their sentences . Iowa was the last remaining state to have felons permanently disenfranchised until 2020 , when Branstads successor , Kim Reynolds , restored voting rights for some felons who had completed their sentences . Taxes . In June 2013 , Branstad signed into law a sweeping tax reform bill that had widespread bipartisan support , passing the Iowa Senate by 44 votes to 6 and the Iowa House by 84 votes to 13 . The bill , Senate File 295 , provided for the states largest tax cut in history , including an estimated $4.4 billion in property tax reform and an estimated $90 million of annual income tax relief , in part in the form of an increase in the earned income tax credit . The bill also included significant reforms to education and health care . Job creation ranking . A June 2013 Business Journals analysis of 45 of the countrys 50 governors ranked Branstad 28th in job creation . The ranking was based on a comparison of the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S . Bureau of Labor Statistics . Gun rights . On April 13 , 2017 , with large Republican majorities in the Iowa legislature , Branstad signed a bill into law expanding gun rights , enacting a stand-your-ground law , expanding the right of citizens to sue if they believe their Second Amendment rights are being infringed , and expanding the gun rights of minors , among several other provisions . Discrimination lawsuit . On July 15 , 2019 , a jury in Polk County , Iowa awarded a gay former state official $1.5 million in damages , finding that Branstad had discriminated against him based on sexual orientation in 2012 . U.S . Ambassador to China . In December 2016 President-elect Donald Trump chose Branstad to serve as US Ambassador to China , succeeding Max Baucus . Branstad accepted the offer within one day after meeting with Trump in New York . Trump cited Branstads decades of experience with China while governor of Iowa . Xi Jinping , Chinas paramount leader , considers Branstad an old friend . Branstads relationship with Xi dates to 1985 , when Xi , then a young official from Hebei Province , headed a five-man agricultural delegation to Iowa . Branstads hearing before the U.S . Senate Foreign Relations Committee was held on May 2 , 2017 . Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22 , 2017 , in an 82 to 13 vote . He resigned as governor on May 24 , 2017 , in a ceremony at the Iowa State House , and was immediately sworn in as U.S . Ambassador to China . His appointment marked the third time in a decade that a politician resigned a statewide office to become the Ambassador to China ; Jon Huntsman Jr . resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 , and Max Baucus resigned as U.S . Senator from Montana in 2014 . In May 2019 Branstad traveled to Tibet Autonomous Region amid heightening trade tensions between the United States and China . This diplomatic journey was designed to give the United States a better perception of Tibet and its people , cultural practices and life . Branstad stepped down as U.S . Ambassador to China in early October 2020 . Personal life . Branstad married Christine Johnson on June 17 , 1972 . They have three children and eight grandchildren . Christine has worked as a medical assistant and as a volunteer at schools and hospitals . Branstad is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry . He received the honor of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in 2015 . In 2015 longtime newspaperman and Iowa historian Mike Chapman published a biography of Branstad , Iowas Record-Setting Governor : The Terry Branstad Story . The book details Branstads youth on the family farm , his high school days in Forest City , and his rise in politics . Electoral history . - 1972 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 59.0% - Elmer Selbrand ( D ) , 41.0% - 1974 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 68.7% - Jean Haugland ( D ) , 31.3% - 1976 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 70.4% - Franklin Banwart ( D ) , 29.6% - 1978 Republican primary election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad , 42.1% - Hansen , 32.7% - Oakley , 25.2% - 1978 election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 57.7% - William Palmer ( D ) , 42.3% - 1982 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1986 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1990 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1994 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2010 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2014 election for Governor of Iowa : External links . - Ambassador Terry Branstad biography - Terry Branstad for Governo
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[
"Lieutenant Governor of Iowa"
] |
easy
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Which position did Terry Branstad hold from 1979 to 1983?
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/wiki/Terry_Branstad#P39#1
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Terry Branstad Terry Edward Branstad ( born November 17 , 1946 ) is an American politician , university administrator , and diplomat from the Republican Party . He served as the governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and from 2011 to 2017 . Branstad served as United States Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2020 , during the presidency of Donald Trump . He also served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 . Branstad served as the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 . After a first retirement from politics , he served from 2003 to 2009 as President of Des Moines University , a private medical osteopathic school . In 2010 he ran for governor again and defeated Democratic incumbent Chet Culver to become the states 42nd governor . He was reelected to a sixth term in 2014 . His tenure of 22 years , 4 months , and 13 days makes him the longest-serving governor of any state in American history , having surpassed George Clintons 8,169 days in office in December 2015 . In December 2016 , Branstad accepted President Donald Trumps nomination as United States Ambassador to China . He was confirmed and sworn in in May 2017 . In 2020 , Branstad resigned as Ambassador to China to work on Trumps reelection campaign . Early life . Branstad was born in Leland , Iowa . His father was Edward Arnold Branstad , a farmer ; his mother was Rita ( née Garland ) . Branstads mother was Jewish , and his father a Norwegian American Lutheran . Branstad was raised Lutheran and later converted to Catholicism . He is a second cousin of US Attorney-General Merrick Garland . Education . Branstad received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of Iowa in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Drake University Law School in 1974 . He was drafted after college and served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 as a military policeman in the 503rd Military Police Battalion at Fort Bragg . He was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service ; he once recalled that he arrested actress Jane Fonda for coming onto post at Arlington National Cemetery , where she was planning to attend an antiwar protest . Early political career . Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983 , the year he was first elected governor . Governor of Iowa . First tenure ( 1983–1999 ) . When elected governor at age 36 , Branstad became the youngest chief executive in Iowas history . Reelected in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 , he left office as Iowas longest-serving governor . He served as Chairman of the National Governors Association in 1989–90 , and also was Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association . In 1997 he chaired the Education Commission of the States , the Republican Governors Association , and the Governors Ethanol Coalition . In 1983 Branstad vetoed a bill to establish a state lottery . Iowas unemployment rate went from 8.5% when Branstad took office to a record low 2.5% by the time he left office in 1999 . In his first year as governor , the state budget had a $90 million deficit . It took several years until the budget was balanced . Branstad said he did not have enough support in the legislature to approve budget reforms until 1992 . By 1999 Iowa had an unprecedented $900 million budget surplus . Inter-gubernatorial career . Branstad focused most of his efforts outside of politics after leaving office in early 1999 . He founded Branstad and Associates , LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman , Pattee , Branstad & Miller and a financial advisor for Robert W . Baird and Co . In August 2003 Branstad accepted an offer from Des Moines University to become its president . On October 16 , 2009 , he announced his retirement from Des Moines University to run again for governor . President George W . Bush appointed Branstad to chair the Presidents Commission on Excellence in Special Education . The commission was charged with developing a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities . After completing his work with the commission in 2003 , Branstad was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health , or PATH . The advisory council encourages action to detect adolescent mental illness . In April 2003 Branstad was named a public member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , which comprises both professional and public members who address a variety of issues related to accounting . Branstad serves on the boards of Conmed Health Management Inc , American Future Fund , the Iowa Health System , Liberty Bank , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and Living History Farms . Second tenure ( 2011–2017 ) . 2010 gubernatorial election . On August 2 , 2009 , The Des Moines Register reported that Branstad was actively considering seeking the Republican nomination for governor . On October 7 , Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election . According to a September Des Moines Register poll , he maintained a 70% favorability rating from Iowans as compared to Governor Chet Culvers rating of 50% . On June 8 , 2010 , Branstad won the Republican gubernatorial nomination , but when opposing candidate Bob Vander Plaats conceded , he did not endorse Branstad . The Des Moines Tea Party gave Branstad a no on their report card regarding criteria for acceptance and said Branstad had a history of raising taxes , [ was ] not a true conservative , increased the size of government every year he held office , [ and ] built a state-owned phone company . Former Iowa State Auditor Richard Johnson accused Branstad of keeping two sets of books on the state budget while governor . Johnson said Branstad needed to be transparent to Iowa voters about the reporting of Iowas finances during his tenure as governor . 2014 gubernatorial election . Branstad ran for reelection in 2014 . He was opposed in the Republican primary by Tom Hoefling , a political activist and nominee for president in 2012 for both Americas Party and American Independent Party . Branstad won the primary with 83% of the vote . In the general election , Branstad faced Democratic nominee State Senator Jack Hatch and won with 59% of the vote . Voting rights . Branstad rescinded an executive order by his predecessor Tom Vilsack that restored voting rights to approximately 115,000 felons who had completed their sentences . Iowa was the last remaining state to have felons permanently disenfranchised until 2020 , when Branstads successor , Kim Reynolds , restored voting rights for some felons who had completed their sentences . Taxes . In June 2013 , Branstad signed into law a sweeping tax reform bill that had widespread bipartisan support , passing the Iowa Senate by 44 votes to 6 and the Iowa House by 84 votes to 13 . The bill , Senate File 295 , provided for the states largest tax cut in history , including an estimated $4.4 billion in property tax reform and an estimated $90 million of annual income tax relief , in part in the form of an increase in the earned income tax credit . The bill also included significant reforms to education and health care . Job creation ranking . A June 2013 Business Journals analysis of 45 of the countrys 50 governors ranked Branstad 28th in job creation . The ranking was based on a comparison of the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S . Bureau of Labor Statistics . Gun rights . On April 13 , 2017 , with large Republican majorities in the Iowa legislature , Branstad signed a bill into law expanding gun rights , enacting a stand-your-ground law , expanding the right of citizens to sue if they believe their Second Amendment rights are being infringed , and expanding the gun rights of minors , among several other provisions . Discrimination lawsuit . On July 15 , 2019 , a jury in Polk County , Iowa awarded a gay former state official $1.5 million in damages , finding that Branstad had discriminated against him based on sexual orientation in 2012 . U.S . Ambassador to China . In December 2016 President-elect Donald Trump chose Branstad to serve as US Ambassador to China , succeeding Max Baucus . Branstad accepted the offer within one day after meeting with Trump in New York . Trump cited Branstads decades of experience with China while governor of Iowa . Xi Jinping , Chinas paramount leader , considers Branstad an old friend . Branstads relationship with Xi dates to 1985 , when Xi , then a young official from Hebei Province , headed a five-man agricultural delegation to Iowa . Branstads hearing before the U.S . Senate Foreign Relations Committee was held on May 2 , 2017 . Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22 , 2017 , in an 82 to 13 vote . He resigned as governor on May 24 , 2017 , in a ceremony at the Iowa State House , and was immediately sworn in as U.S . Ambassador to China . His appointment marked the third time in a decade that a politician resigned a statewide office to become the Ambassador to China ; Jon Huntsman Jr . resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 , and Max Baucus resigned as U.S . Senator from Montana in 2014 . In May 2019 Branstad traveled to Tibet Autonomous Region amid heightening trade tensions between the United States and China . This diplomatic journey was designed to give the United States a better perception of Tibet and its people , cultural practices and life . Branstad stepped down as U.S . Ambassador to China in early October 2020 . Personal life . Branstad married Christine Johnson on June 17 , 1972 . They have three children and eight grandchildren . Christine has worked as a medical assistant and as a volunteer at schools and hospitals . Branstad is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry . He received the honor of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in 2015 . In 2015 longtime newspaperman and Iowa historian Mike Chapman published a biography of Branstad , Iowas Record-Setting Governor : The Terry Branstad Story . The book details Branstads youth on the family farm , his high school days in Forest City , and his rise in politics . Electoral history . - 1972 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 59.0% - Elmer Selbrand ( D ) , 41.0% - 1974 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 68.7% - Jean Haugland ( D ) , 31.3% - 1976 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 70.4% - Franklin Banwart ( D ) , 29.6% - 1978 Republican primary election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad , 42.1% - Hansen , 32.7% - Oakley , 25.2% - 1978 election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 57.7% - William Palmer ( D ) , 42.3% - 1982 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1986 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1990 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1994 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2010 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2014 election for Governor of Iowa : External links . - Ambassador Terry Branstad biography - Terry Branstad for Governo
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[
"governor of Iowa"
] |
easy
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What position did Terry Branstad take from 1983 to 1999?
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/wiki/Terry_Branstad#P39#2
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Terry Branstad Terry Edward Branstad ( born November 17 , 1946 ) is an American politician , university administrator , and diplomat from the Republican Party . He served as the governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and from 2011 to 2017 . Branstad served as United States Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2020 , during the presidency of Donald Trump . He also served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 . Branstad served as the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 . After a first retirement from politics , he served from 2003 to 2009 as President of Des Moines University , a private medical osteopathic school . In 2010 he ran for governor again and defeated Democratic incumbent Chet Culver to become the states 42nd governor . He was reelected to a sixth term in 2014 . His tenure of 22 years , 4 months , and 13 days makes him the longest-serving governor of any state in American history , having surpassed George Clintons 8,169 days in office in December 2015 . In December 2016 , Branstad accepted President Donald Trumps nomination as United States Ambassador to China . He was confirmed and sworn in in May 2017 . In 2020 , Branstad resigned as Ambassador to China to work on Trumps reelection campaign . Early life . Branstad was born in Leland , Iowa . His father was Edward Arnold Branstad , a farmer ; his mother was Rita ( née Garland ) . Branstads mother was Jewish , and his father a Norwegian American Lutheran . Branstad was raised Lutheran and later converted to Catholicism . He is a second cousin of US Attorney-General Merrick Garland . Education . Branstad received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of Iowa in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Drake University Law School in 1974 . He was drafted after college and served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 as a military policeman in the 503rd Military Police Battalion at Fort Bragg . He was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service ; he once recalled that he arrested actress Jane Fonda for coming onto post at Arlington National Cemetery , where she was planning to attend an antiwar protest . Early political career . Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983 , the year he was first elected governor . Governor of Iowa . First tenure ( 1983–1999 ) . When elected governor at age 36 , Branstad became the youngest chief executive in Iowas history . Reelected in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 , he left office as Iowas longest-serving governor . He served as Chairman of the National Governors Association in 1989–90 , and also was Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association . In 1997 he chaired the Education Commission of the States , the Republican Governors Association , and the Governors Ethanol Coalition . In 1983 Branstad vetoed a bill to establish a state lottery . Iowas unemployment rate went from 8.5% when Branstad took office to a record low 2.5% by the time he left office in 1999 . In his first year as governor , the state budget had a $90 million deficit . It took several years until the budget was balanced . Branstad said he did not have enough support in the legislature to approve budget reforms until 1992 . By 1999 Iowa had an unprecedented $900 million budget surplus . Inter-gubernatorial career . Branstad focused most of his efforts outside of politics after leaving office in early 1999 . He founded Branstad and Associates , LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman , Pattee , Branstad & Miller and a financial advisor for Robert W . Baird and Co . In August 2003 Branstad accepted an offer from Des Moines University to become its president . On October 16 , 2009 , he announced his retirement from Des Moines University to run again for governor . President George W . Bush appointed Branstad to chair the Presidents Commission on Excellence in Special Education . The commission was charged with developing a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities . After completing his work with the commission in 2003 , Branstad was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health , or PATH . The advisory council encourages action to detect adolescent mental illness . In April 2003 Branstad was named a public member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , which comprises both professional and public members who address a variety of issues related to accounting . Branstad serves on the boards of Conmed Health Management Inc , American Future Fund , the Iowa Health System , Liberty Bank , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and Living History Farms . Second tenure ( 2011–2017 ) . 2010 gubernatorial election . On August 2 , 2009 , The Des Moines Register reported that Branstad was actively considering seeking the Republican nomination for governor . On October 7 , Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election . According to a September Des Moines Register poll , he maintained a 70% favorability rating from Iowans as compared to Governor Chet Culvers rating of 50% . On June 8 , 2010 , Branstad won the Republican gubernatorial nomination , but when opposing candidate Bob Vander Plaats conceded , he did not endorse Branstad . The Des Moines Tea Party gave Branstad a no on their report card regarding criteria for acceptance and said Branstad had a history of raising taxes , [ was ] not a true conservative , increased the size of government every year he held office , [ and ] built a state-owned phone company . Former Iowa State Auditor Richard Johnson accused Branstad of keeping two sets of books on the state budget while governor . Johnson said Branstad needed to be transparent to Iowa voters about the reporting of Iowas finances during his tenure as governor . 2014 gubernatorial election . Branstad ran for reelection in 2014 . He was opposed in the Republican primary by Tom Hoefling , a political activist and nominee for president in 2012 for both Americas Party and American Independent Party . Branstad won the primary with 83% of the vote . In the general election , Branstad faced Democratic nominee State Senator Jack Hatch and won with 59% of the vote . Voting rights . Branstad rescinded an executive order by his predecessor Tom Vilsack that restored voting rights to approximately 115,000 felons who had completed their sentences . Iowa was the last remaining state to have felons permanently disenfranchised until 2020 , when Branstads successor , Kim Reynolds , restored voting rights for some felons who had completed their sentences . Taxes . In June 2013 , Branstad signed into law a sweeping tax reform bill that had widespread bipartisan support , passing the Iowa Senate by 44 votes to 6 and the Iowa House by 84 votes to 13 . The bill , Senate File 295 , provided for the states largest tax cut in history , including an estimated $4.4 billion in property tax reform and an estimated $90 million of annual income tax relief , in part in the form of an increase in the earned income tax credit . The bill also included significant reforms to education and health care . Job creation ranking . A June 2013 Business Journals analysis of 45 of the countrys 50 governors ranked Branstad 28th in job creation . The ranking was based on a comparison of the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S . Bureau of Labor Statistics . Gun rights . On April 13 , 2017 , with large Republican majorities in the Iowa legislature , Branstad signed a bill into law expanding gun rights , enacting a stand-your-ground law , expanding the right of citizens to sue if they believe their Second Amendment rights are being infringed , and expanding the gun rights of minors , among several other provisions . Discrimination lawsuit . On July 15 , 2019 , a jury in Polk County , Iowa awarded a gay former state official $1.5 million in damages , finding that Branstad had discriminated against him based on sexual orientation in 2012 . U.S . Ambassador to China . In December 2016 President-elect Donald Trump chose Branstad to serve as US Ambassador to China , succeeding Max Baucus . Branstad accepted the offer within one day after meeting with Trump in New York . Trump cited Branstads decades of experience with China while governor of Iowa . Xi Jinping , Chinas paramount leader , considers Branstad an old friend . Branstads relationship with Xi dates to 1985 , when Xi , then a young official from Hebei Province , headed a five-man agricultural delegation to Iowa . Branstads hearing before the U.S . Senate Foreign Relations Committee was held on May 2 , 2017 . Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22 , 2017 , in an 82 to 13 vote . He resigned as governor on May 24 , 2017 , in a ceremony at the Iowa State House , and was immediately sworn in as U.S . Ambassador to China . His appointment marked the third time in a decade that a politician resigned a statewide office to become the Ambassador to China ; Jon Huntsman Jr . resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 , and Max Baucus resigned as U.S . Senator from Montana in 2014 . In May 2019 Branstad traveled to Tibet Autonomous Region amid heightening trade tensions between the United States and China . This diplomatic journey was designed to give the United States a better perception of Tibet and its people , cultural practices and life . Branstad stepped down as U.S . Ambassador to China in early October 2020 . Personal life . Branstad married Christine Johnson on June 17 , 1972 . They have three children and eight grandchildren . Christine has worked as a medical assistant and as a volunteer at schools and hospitals . Branstad is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry . He received the honor of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in 2015 . In 2015 longtime newspaperman and Iowa historian Mike Chapman published a biography of Branstad , Iowas Record-Setting Governor : The Terry Branstad Story . The book details Branstads youth on the family farm , his high school days in Forest City , and his rise in politics . Electoral history . - 1972 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 59.0% - Elmer Selbrand ( D ) , 41.0% - 1974 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 68.7% - Jean Haugland ( D ) , 31.3% - 1976 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 70.4% - Franklin Banwart ( D ) , 29.6% - 1978 Republican primary election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad , 42.1% - Hansen , 32.7% - Oakley , 25.2% - 1978 election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 57.7% - William Palmer ( D ) , 42.3% - 1982 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1986 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1990 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1994 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2010 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2014 election for Governor of Iowa : External links . - Ambassador Terry Branstad biography - Terry Branstad for Governo
|
[
"governor of Iowa"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Terry Branstad hold from 2011 to May 2017?
|
/wiki/Terry_Branstad#P39#3
|
Terry Branstad Terry Edward Branstad ( born November 17 , 1946 ) is an American politician , university administrator , and diplomat from the Republican Party . He served as the governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and from 2011 to 2017 . Branstad served as United States Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2020 , during the presidency of Donald Trump . He also served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 . Branstad served as the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 . After a first retirement from politics , he served from 2003 to 2009 as President of Des Moines University , a private medical osteopathic school . In 2010 he ran for governor again and defeated Democratic incumbent Chet Culver to become the states 42nd governor . He was reelected to a sixth term in 2014 . His tenure of 22 years , 4 months , and 13 days makes him the longest-serving governor of any state in American history , having surpassed George Clintons 8,169 days in office in December 2015 . In December 2016 , Branstad accepted President Donald Trumps nomination as United States Ambassador to China . He was confirmed and sworn in in May 2017 . In 2020 , Branstad resigned as Ambassador to China to work on Trumps reelection campaign . Early life . Branstad was born in Leland , Iowa . His father was Edward Arnold Branstad , a farmer ; his mother was Rita ( née Garland ) . Branstads mother was Jewish , and his father a Norwegian American Lutheran . Branstad was raised Lutheran and later converted to Catholicism . He is a second cousin of US Attorney-General Merrick Garland . Education . Branstad received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of Iowa in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Drake University Law School in 1974 . He was drafted after college and served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 as a military policeman in the 503rd Military Police Battalion at Fort Bragg . He was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service ; he once recalled that he arrested actress Jane Fonda for coming onto post at Arlington National Cemetery , where she was planning to attend an antiwar protest . Early political career . Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983 , the year he was first elected governor . Governor of Iowa . First tenure ( 1983–1999 ) . When elected governor at age 36 , Branstad became the youngest chief executive in Iowas history . Reelected in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 , he left office as Iowas longest-serving governor . He served as Chairman of the National Governors Association in 1989–90 , and also was Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association . In 1997 he chaired the Education Commission of the States , the Republican Governors Association , and the Governors Ethanol Coalition . In 1983 Branstad vetoed a bill to establish a state lottery . Iowas unemployment rate went from 8.5% when Branstad took office to a record low 2.5% by the time he left office in 1999 . In his first year as governor , the state budget had a $90 million deficit . It took several years until the budget was balanced . Branstad said he did not have enough support in the legislature to approve budget reforms until 1992 . By 1999 Iowa had an unprecedented $900 million budget surplus . Inter-gubernatorial career . Branstad focused most of his efforts outside of politics after leaving office in early 1999 . He founded Branstad and Associates , LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman , Pattee , Branstad & Miller and a financial advisor for Robert W . Baird and Co . In August 2003 Branstad accepted an offer from Des Moines University to become its president . On October 16 , 2009 , he announced his retirement from Des Moines University to run again for governor . President George W . Bush appointed Branstad to chair the Presidents Commission on Excellence in Special Education . The commission was charged with developing a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities . After completing his work with the commission in 2003 , Branstad was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health , or PATH . The advisory council encourages action to detect adolescent mental illness . In April 2003 Branstad was named a public member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , which comprises both professional and public members who address a variety of issues related to accounting . Branstad serves on the boards of Conmed Health Management Inc , American Future Fund , the Iowa Health System , Liberty Bank , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and Living History Farms . Second tenure ( 2011–2017 ) . 2010 gubernatorial election . On August 2 , 2009 , The Des Moines Register reported that Branstad was actively considering seeking the Republican nomination for governor . On October 7 , Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election . According to a September Des Moines Register poll , he maintained a 70% favorability rating from Iowans as compared to Governor Chet Culvers rating of 50% . On June 8 , 2010 , Branstad won the Republican gubernatorial nomination , but when opposing candidate Bob Vander Plaats conceded , he did not endorse Branstad . The Des Moines Tea Party gave Branstad a no on their report card regarding criteria for acceptance and said Branstad had a history of raising taxes , [ was ] not a true conservative , increased the size of government every year he held office , [ and ] built a state-owned phone company . Former Iowa State Auditor Richard Johnson accused Branstad of keeping two sets of books on the state budget while governor . Johnson said Branstad needed to be transparent to Iowa voters about the reporting of Iowas finances during his tenure as governor . 2014 gubernatorial election . Branstad ran for reelection in 2014 . He was opposed in the Republican primary by Tom Hoefling , a political activist and nominee for president in 2012 for both Americas Party and American Independent Party . Branstad won the primary with 83% of the vote . In the general election , Branstad faced Democratic nominee State Senator Jack Hatch and won with 59% of the vote . Voting rights . Branstad rescinded an executive order by his predecessor Tom Vilsack that restored voting rights to approximately 115,000 felons who had completed their sentences . Iowa was the last remaining state to have felons permanently disenfranchised until 2020 , when Branstads successor , Kim Reynolds , restored voting rights for some felons who had completed their sentences . Taxes . In June 2013 , Branstad signed into law a sweeping tax reform bill that had widespread bipartisan support , passing the Iowa Senate by 44 votes to 6 and the Iowa House by 84 votes to 13 . The bill , Senate File 295 , provided for the states largest tax cut in history , including an estimated $4.4 billion in property tax reform and an estimated $90 million of annual income tax relief , in part in the form of an increase in the earned income tax credit . The bill also included significant reforms to education and health care . Job creation ranking . A June 2013 Business Journals analysis of 45 of the countrys 50 governors ranked Branstad 28th in job creation . The ranking was based on a comparison of the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S . Bureau of Labor Statistics . Gun rights . On April 13 , 2017 , with large Republican majorities in the Iowa legislature , Branstad signed a bill into law expanding gun rights , enacting a stand-your-ground law , expanding the right of citizens to sue if they believe their Second Amendment rights are being infringed , and expanding the gun rights of minors , among several other provisions . Discrimination lawsuit . On July 15 , 2019 , a jury in Polk County , Iowa awarded a gay former state official $1.5 million in damages , finding that Branstad had discriminated against him based on sexual orientation in 2012 . U.S . Ambassador to China . In December 2016 President-elect Donald Trump chose Branstad to serve as US Ambassador to China , succeeding Max Baucus . Branstad accepted the offer within one day after meeting with Trump in New York . Trump cited Branstads decades of experience with China while governor of Iowa . Xi Jinping , Chinas paramount leader , considers Branstad an old friend . Branstads relationship with Xi dates to 1985 , when Xi , then a young official from Hebei Province , headed a five-man agricultural delegation to Iowa . Branstads hearing before the U.S . Senate Foreign Relations Committee was held on May 2 , 2017 . Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22 , 2017 , in an 82 to 13 vote . He resigned as governor on May 24 , 2017 , in a ceremony at the Iowa State House , and was immediately sworn in as U.S . Ambassador to China . His appointment marked the third time in a decade that a politician resigned a statewide office to become the Ambassador to China ; Jon Huntsman Jr . resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 , and Max Baucus resigned as U.S . Senator from Montana in 2014 . In May 2019 Branstad traveled to Tibet Autonomous Region amid heightening trade tensions between the United States and China . This diplomatic journey was designed to give the United States a better perception of Tibet and its people , cultural practices and life . Branstad stepped down as U.S . Ambassador to China in early October 2020 . Personal life . Branstad married Christine Johnson on June 17 , 1972 . They have three children and eight grandchildren . Christine has worked as a medical assistant and as a volunteer at schools and hospitals . Branstad is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry . He received the honor of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in 2015 . In 2015 longtime newspaperman and Iowa historian Mike Chapman published a biography of Branstad , Iowas Record-Setting Governor : The Terry Branstad Story . The book details Branstads youth on the family farm , his high school days in Forest City , and his rise in politics . Electoral history . - 1972 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 59.0% - Elmer Selbrand ( D ) , 41.0% - 1974 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 68.7% - Jean Haugland ( D ) , 31.3% - 1976 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 70.4% - Franklin Banwart ( D ) , 29.6% - 1978 Republican primary election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad , 42.1% - Hansen , 32.7% - Oakley , 25.2% - 1978 election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 57.7% - William Palmer ( D ) , 42.3% - 1982 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1986 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1990 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1994 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2010 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2014 election for Governor of Iowa : External links . - Ambassador Terry Branstad biography - Terry Branstad for Governo
|
[
"Ambassador to China"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Terry Branstad hold from Jul 2017 to Jul 2018?
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/wiki/Terry_Branstad#P39#4
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Terry Branstad Terry Edward Branstad ( born November 17 , 1946 ) is an American politician , university administrator , and diplomat from the Republican Party . He served as the governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 and from 2011 to 2017 . Branstad served as United States Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2020 , during the presidency of Donald Trump . He also served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 . Branstad served as the 39th governor of Iowa from 1983 to 1999 . After a first retirement from politics , he served from 2003 to 2009 as President of Des Moines University , a private medical osteopathic school . In 2010 he ran for governor again and defeated Democratic incumbent Chet Culver to become the states 42nd governor . He was reelected to a sixth term in 2014 . His tenure of 22 years , 4 months , and 13 days makes him the longest-serving governor of any state in American history , having surpassed George Clintons 8,169 days in office in December 2015 . In December 2016 , Branstad accepted President Donald Trumps nomination as United States Ambassador to China . He was confirmed and sworn in in May 2017 . In 2020 , Branstad resigned as Ambassador to China to work on Trumps reelection campaign . Early life . Branstad was born in Leland , Iowa . His father was Edward Arnold Branstad , a farmer ; his mother was Rita ( née Garland ) . Branstads mother was Jewish , and his father a Norwegian American Lutheran . Branstad was raised Lutheran and later converted to Catholicism . He is a second cousin of US Attorney-General Merrick Garland . Education . Branstad received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of Iowa in 1969 and a Juris Doctor from Drake University Law School in 1974 . He was drafted after college and served in the United States Army from 1969 to 1971 as a military policeman in the 503rd Military Police Battalion at Fort Bragg . He was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious service ; he once recalled that he arrested actress Jane Fonda for coming onto post at Arlington National Cemetery , where she was planning to attend an antiwar protest . Early political career . Branstad served three terms in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979 and was the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1979 to 1983 , the year he was first elected governor . Governor of Iowa . First tenure ( 1983–1999 ) . When elected governor at age 36 , Branstad became the youngest chief executive in Iowas history . Reelected in 1986 , 1990 , and 1994 , he left office as Iowas longest-serving governor . He served as Chairman of the National Governors Association in 1989–90 , and also was Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association . In 1997 he chaired the Education Commission of the States , the Republican Governors Association , and the Governors Ethanol Coalition . In 1983 Branstad vetoed a bill to establish a state lottery . Iowas unemployment rate went from 8.5% when Branstad took office to a record low 2.5% by the time he left office in 1999 . In his first year as governor , the state budget had a $90 million deficit . It took several years until the budget was balanced . Branstad said he did not have enough support in the legislature to approve budget reforms until 1992 . By 1999 Iowa had an unprecedented $900 million budget surplus . Inter-gubernatorial career . Branstad focused most of his efforts outside of politics after leaving office in early 1999 . He founded Branstad and Associates , LLC and was also a partner in the firm of Kaufman , Pattee , Branstad & Miller and a financial advisor for Robert W . Baird and Co . In August 2003 Branstad accepted an offer from Des Moines University to become its president . On October 16 , 2009 , he announced his retirement from Des Moines University to run again for governor . President George W . Bush appointed Branstad to chair the Presidents Commission on Excellence in Special Education . The commission was charged with developing a plan to improve the educational performance of students with disabilities . After completing his work with the commission in 2003 , Branstad was asked to serve as a member of the National Advisory Council for Positive Action for Teen Health , or PATH . The advisory council encourages action to detect adolescent mental illness . In April 2003 Branstad was named a public member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , which comprises both professional and public members who address a variety of issues related to accounting . Branstad serves on the boards of Conmed Health Management Inc , American Future Fund , the Iowa Health System , Liberty Bank , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and Living History Farms . Second tenure ( 2011–2017 ) . 2010 gubernatorial election . On August 2 , 2009 , The Des Moines Register reported that Branstad was actively considering seeking the Republican nomination for governor . On October 7 , Branstad filed papers to run for governor in the 2010 election . According to a September Des Moines Register poll , he maintained a 70% favorability rating from Iowans as compared to Governor Chet Culvers rating of 50% . On June 8 , 2010 , Branstad won the Republican gubernatorial nomination , but when opposing candidate Bob Vander Plaats conceded , he did not endorse Branstad . The Des Moines Tea Party gave Branstad a no on their report card regarding criteria for acceptance and said Branstad had a history of raising taxes , [ was ] not a true conservative , increased the size of government every year he held office , [ and ] built a state-owned phone company . Former Iowa State Auditor Richard Johnson accused Branstad of keeping two sets of books on the state budget while governor . Johnson said Branstad needed to be transparent to Iowa voters about the reporting of Iowas finances during his tenure as governor . 2014 gubernatorial election . Branstad ran for reelection in 2014 . He was opposed in the Republican primary by Tom Hoefling , a political activist and nominee for president in 2012 for both Americas Party and American Independent Party . Branstad won the primary with 83% of the vote . In the general election , Branstad faced Democratic nominee State Senator Jack Hatch and won with 59% of the vote . Voting rights . Branstad rescinded an executive order by his predecessor Tom Vilsack that restored voting rights to approximately 115,000 felons who had completed their sentences . Iowa was the last remaining state to have felons permanently disenfranchised until 2020 , when Branstads successor , Kim Reynolds , restored voting rights for some felons who had completed their sentences . Taxes . In June 2013 , Branstad signed into law a sweeping tax reform bill that had widespread bipartisan support , passing the Iowa Senate by 44 votes to 6 and the Iowa House by 84 votes to 13 . The bill , Senate File 295 , provided for the states largest tax cut in history , including an estimated $4.4 billion in property tax reform and an estimated $90 million of annual income tax relief , in part in the form of an increase in the earned income tax credit . The bill also included significant reforms to education and health care . Job creation ranking . A June 2013 Business Journals analysis of 45 of the countrys 50 governors ranked Branstad 28th in job creation . The ranking was based on a comparison of the annual private sector growth rate in all 50 states using data from the U.S . Bureau of Labor Statistics . Gun rights . On April 13 , 2017 , with large Republican majorities in the Iowa legislature , Branstad signed a bill into law expanding gun rights , enacting a stand-your-ground law , expanding the right of citizens to sue if they believe their Second Amendment rights are being infringed , and expanding the gun rights of minors , among several other provisions . Discrimination lawsuit . On July 15 , 2019 , a jury in Polk County , Iowa awarded a gay former state official $1.5 million in damages , finding that Branstad had discriminated against him based on sexual orientation in 2012 . U.S . Ambassador to China . In December 2016 President-elect Donald Trump chose Branstad to serve as US Ambassador to China , succeeding Max Baucus . Branstad accepted the offer within one day after meeting with Trump in New York . Trump cited Branstads decades of experience with China while governor of Iowa . Xi Jinping , Chinas paramount leader , considers Branstad an old friend . Branstads relationship with Xi dates to 1985 , when Xi , then a young official from Hebei Province , headed a five-man agricultural delegation to Iowa . Branstads hearing before the U.S . Senate Foreign Relations Committee was held on May 2 , 2017 . Branstad was confirmed by the Senate on May 22 , 2017 , in an 82 to 13 vote . He resigned as governor on May 24 , 2017 , in a ceremony at the Iowa State House , and was immediately sworn in as U.S . Ambassador to China . His appointment marked the third time in a decade that a politician resigned a statewide office to become the Ambassador to China ; Jon Huntsman Jr . resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 , and Max Baucus resigned as U.S . Senator from Montana in 2014 . In May 2019 Branstad traveled to Tibet Autonomous Region amid heightening trade tensions between the United States and China . This diplomatic journey was designed to give the United States a better perception of Tibet and its people , cultural practices and life . Branstad stepped down as U.S . Ambassador to China in early October 2020 . Personal life . Branstad married Christine Johnson on June 17 , 1972 . They have three children and eight grandchildren . Christine has worked as a medical assistant and as a volunteer at schools and hospitals . Branstad is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry . He received the honor of Knight Commander of the Court of Honor in 2015 . In 2015 longtime newspaperman and Iowa historian Mike Chapman published a biography of Branstad , Iowas Record-Setting Governor : The Terry Branstad Story . The book details Branstads youth on the family farm , his high school days in Forest City , and his rise in politics . Electoral history . - 1972 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 59.0% - Elmer Selbrand ( D ) , 41.0% - 1974 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 68.7% - Jean Haugland ( D ) , 31.3% - 1976 election for Iowa House of Representatives District 8 : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 70.4% - Franklin Banwart ( D ) , 29.6% - 1978 Republican primary election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad , 42.1% - Hansen , 32.7% - Oakley , 25.2% - 1978 election for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa : - Terry Branstad ( R ) , 57.7% - William Palmer ( D ) , 42.3% - 1982 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1986 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1990 election for Governor of Iowa : - 1994 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2010 election for Governor of Iowa : - 2014 election for Governor of Iowa : External links . - Ambassador Terry Branstad biography - Terry Branstad for Governo
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[
"HC Slavia Prague"
] |
easy
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Who occupied O2 Arena (Prague) from 2004 to 2012?
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/wiki/O2_Arena_(Prague)#P466#0
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O2 Arena ( Prague ) O2 Arena ( formerly Sazka Arena , stylised as O arena ) is a multi-purpose arena , in Prague , Czech Republic . It is home to HC Sparta Prague of the Czech Extraliga and is the second-largest ice hockey arena in Europe . It has hosted important sporting events such as the two Ice Hockey World Championships ( 2004 and 2015 ) , first edition of prestigious tennis Laver Cup , the European Athletics Indoor Championships , the Euroleague Final Four 2006 , the World Floorball Championship , the Davis Cup finals , as well as a handful of NHL and KHL games , including a 2014 Gagarin Cup final . It can also host stage shows , such as concerts , and other large-scale events . History . The idea of building a new arena in Prague came on the heels of the golden era of Czech ice hockey : winning the gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics and three gold medals in a row at the Ice Hockey World Championships . The arena was proposed to be built in time to host the 2003 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships , but due to unforeseen complications with the investors , the ice hockey governing body had to switch that tournament to Finland . The arenas main backer then became Sazka a.s. , a Czech betting company . The construction of the arena ( which began in September 2002 ) was not without problems , but it was finally finished in time to host the 2004 tournament , the 2004 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships . In March 2008 , the building was renamed O2 Arena . In March 2011 , Sazka filed for insolvency due to debts from building the arena . From its opening until 2015 , it was home to HC Slavia Prague of the Czech Extraliga . Slavia won the national championship on home ice in Game 7 of the 2008 Extraliga finals against HC Karlovy Vary 4-0 in front of a then-league-record crowd of 17,117 . In 2015 , Slavia was relegated to the 1.liga , and the club chose to move back to the smaller Zimní stadion Eden , the teams former home and current training centre . In its place , O2 Arena reached an agreement with cross-town rivals Sparta Prague on 24 June 2015 . Sparta ownership cited the need for significant renovations at Tipsport Arena as the main reason for the move . For two seasons , 2012–13 and 2013–14 , O2 Arena also hosted occasional home games of HC Lev Prague of the Kontinental Hockey League . The club played its home games of the 2014 Gagarin Cup Finals at O2 Arena , attracting the three largest crowds in league history . In 2015 , O2 Arena co-hosted the IIHF World Championship with ČEZ Aréna in Ostrava for the second time . This time , the tournament re-established the record for World Championship attendance . In 2017 , it hosted the 1st edition of Laver Cup international indoor hard court mens tennis tournament between Europe and Team World . In 2021 , the venue will host some group phase matches at the FIBA EuroBasket 2021 which the country will play host alongside Georgia in Tbilisi , Germany in Berlin/Cologne and Italy in Milan . Notable events . - On 6 & 7 September 2006 Madonna performed there during her Confessions Tour , which was attended by 18,628 spectators , the biggest number of spectators in the arenas history . She performed again at the arena on 7 & 8 November 2015 as part of her Rebel Heart Tour selling out crowds of over 16,000 patrons . - On 12 May 2008 , Kylie Minogue performed there as part of her KylieX2008 . She performed again at the arena on 2 March 2011 as part of her Aphrodite World Tour . On 21 October 2014 Minogue performed again as part of her Kiss Me Once Tour . - On 5 June , 2008 Céline Dion performed there during Taking Chances World Tour . - In October 2008 , the New York Rangers and Tampa Bay Lightning opened the 2008–09 NHL season at O2 Arena with two games . Two years later , the NHL returned , with the Boston Bruins and Phoenix Coyotes playing twice . - In November 2008 , the French electronica pioneer Jean Michel Jarre performed his Oxygène album live at the arena , as part of the second leg of the Oxygène 30th anniversary tour . - In December 2008 , the arena played host to the playoff matches of the 2008 Mens World Floorball Championships , including Finlands 7-6 victory over Sweden in the final . - Sting performed during his Symphonicities Tour on 22 September 2010 , along with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra . - In November 2010 , Lady Gaga performed there during her Monster Ball Tour.On 7 December 2011 , Rihanna performed there during her Loud Tour . - The Czech Republic Davis Cup Team defeated Spain in the 2012 Davis Cup Final . - On 26 October 2012 , Jennifer Lopez performed a sold-out show during her Dance Again World Tour . - On 22 November 2012 , Muse performed there during their The 2nd Law World Tour . - On 5 October 2014 , Lady Gaga performed there as part of tour . - On 9 November 2014 , the Czech Fed Cup team defeated the German Fed Cup team in the final of the 2014 Fed Cup . - On 17 February 2015 , Queen + Adam Lambert performed there as part of their Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2014-2015 . The group returned to the arena on November 1 , 2017 to kick off their 2017 European tour . - On 23 February 2015 , Katy Perry performed there as part of Prismatic World Tour . - On January 30 , 2016 , Ellie Goulding performed there as part of Delirium World Tour . - On November 12 , 2016 , Justin Bieber performed a sold-out show during his Purpose World Tour . - Gorillaz performed at the arena on 14 November 2017 , as part of their Humanz Tour . - On 2 April 2018 , Metallica performed there as part of WorldWired Tour . - On 16 April 2018 Imagine Dragons performed here as a part of their Evolve World Tour . - On 7 & 8 May 2018 , Enrique Iglesias performed there as part of Enrique Iglesias Live . - On 1 July 2018 Pearl Jam performed there as part of Pearl Jam 2018 Tour . - On 10 October 2018 , Shania Twain performed there as part of Shania Now Tour . - On 7 May 2019 , Elton John performed there as part of Farewell Yellow Brick Road - On 4 September 2019 , Ariana Grande performed there as part of Sweetener World Tour . - On 16 February 2020 , Twenty One Pilots performed there as part of The Bandito Tour . - On 29 May 2020 , Eric Clapton will start his Summer European Tour 2020 at the arena . - On 23 February 2021 , Harry Styles will perform here as a part of his Love on Tour . - On 5 May 2021 , 5 Seconds of Summer will perform here as a part of their No Shame Tour . - On May 24 , 2021 , Canadian singer Céline Dion will return to the arena during her Courage World Tour - The arena is also the home of Transmission ( festival ) since 2007 . Technical facts . - Number of floors : 6 - Floor space : 35,000 m² - Capacity : up to 18,000 spectators ( depends on event ) - Club and Luxury seats : 2,460 - Sky boxes : 66 - Party Boxes : 4 - Seats in bars , restaurants and cafés : 2,900 - Beers that can be tapped in one break : 10,00 - Parking : 280 places - Population of its catchment area : 1.5 to 1.8 million people
|
[
"HC Lev"
] |
easy
|
Who was the occupant of O2 Arena (Prague) from 2012 to 2013?
|
/wiki/O2_Arena_(Prague)#P466#1
|
O2 Arena ( Prague ) O2 Arena ( formerly Sazka Arena , stylised as O arena ) is a multi-purpose arena , in Prague , Czech Republic . It is home to HC Sparta Prague of the Czech Extraliga and is the second-largest ice hockey arena in Europe . It has hosted important sporting events such as the two Ice Hockey World Championships ( 2004 and 2015 ) , first edition of prestigious tennis Laver Cup , the European Athletics Indoor Championships , the Euroleague Final Four 2006 , the World Floorball Championship , the Davis Cup finals , as well as a handful of NHL and KHL games , including a 2014 Gagarin Cup final . It can also host stage shows , such as concerts , and other large-scale events . History . The idea of building a new arena in Prague came on the heels of the golden era of Czech ice hockey : winning the gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics and three gold medals in a row at the Ice Hockey World Championships . The arena was proposed to be built in time to host the 2003 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships , but due to unforeseen complications with the investors , the ice hockey governing body had to switch that tournament to Finland . The arenas main backer then became Sazka a.s. , a Czech betting company . The construction of the arena ( which began in September 2002 ) was not without problems , but it was finally finished in time to host the 2004 tournament , the 2004 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships . In March 2008 , the building was renamed O2 Arena . In March 2011 , Sazka filed for insolvency due to debts from building the arena . From its opening until 2015 , it was home to HC Slavia Prague of the Czech Extraliga . Slavia won the national championship on home ice in Game 7 of the 2008 Extraliga finals against HC Karlovy Vary 4-0 in front of a then-league-record crowd of 17,117 . In 2015 , Slavia was relegated to the 1.liga , and the club chose to move back to the smaller Zimní stadion Eden , the teams former home and current training centre . In its place , O2 Arena reached an agreement with cross-town rivals Sparta Prague on 24 June 2015 . Sparta ownership cited the need for significant renovations at Tipsport Arena as the main reason for the move . For two seasons , 2012–13 and 2013–14 , O2 Arena also hosted occasional home games of HC Lev Prague of the Kontinental Hockey League . The club played its home games of the 2014 Gagarin Cup Finals at O2 Arena , attracting the three largest crowds in league history . In 2015 , O2 Arena co-hosted the IIHF World Championship with ČEZ Aréna in Ostrava for the second time . This time , the tournament re-established the record for World Championship attendance . In 2017 , it hosted the 1st edition of Laver Cup international indoor hard court mens tennis tournament between Europe and Team World . In 2021 , the venue will host some group phase matches at the FIBA EuroBasket 2021 which the country will play host alongside Georgia in Tbilisi , Germany in Berlin/Cologne and Italy in Milan . Notable events . - On 6 & 7 September 2006 Madonna performed there during her Confessions Tour , which was attended by 18,628 spectators , the biggest number of spectators in the arenas history . She performed again at the arena on 7 & 8 November 2015 as part of her Rebel Heart Tour selling out crowds of over 16,000 patrons . - On 12 May 2008 , Kylie Minogue performed there as part of her KylieX2008 . She performed again at the arena on 2 March 2011 as part of her Aphrodite World Tour . On 21 October 2014 Minogue performed again as part of her Kiss Me Once Tour . - On 5 June , 2008 Céline Dion performed there during Taking Chances World Tour . - In October 2008 , the New York Rangers and Tampa Bay Lightning opened the 2008–09 NHL season at O2 Arena with two games . Two years later , the NHL returned , with the Boston Bruins and Phoenix Coyotes playing twice . - In November 2008 , the French electronica pioneer Jean Michel Jarre performed his Oxygène album live at the arena , as part of the second leg of the Oxygène 30th anniversary tour . - In December 2008 , the arena played host to the playoff matches of the 2008 Mens World Floorball Championships , including Finlands 7-6 victory over Sweden in the final . - Sting performed during his Symphonicities Tour on 22 September 2010 , along with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra . - In November 2010 , Lady Gaga performed there during her Monster Ball Tour.On 7 December 2011 , Rihanna performed there during her Loud Tour . - The Czech Republic Davis Cup Team defeated Spain in the 2012 Davis Cup Final . - On 26 October 2012 , Jennifer Lopez performed a sold-out show during her Dance Again World Tour . - On 22 November 2012 , Muse performed there during their The 2nd Law World Tour . - On 5 October 2014 , Lady Gaga performed there as part of tour . - On 9 November 2014 , the Czech Fed Cup team defeated the German Fed Cup team in the final of the 2014 Fed Cup . - On 17 February 2015 , Queen + Adam Lambert performed there as part of their Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2014-2015 . The group returned to the arena on November 1 , 2017 to kick off their 2017 European tour . - On 23 February 2015 , Katy Perry performed there as part of Prismatic World Tour . - On January 30 , 2016 , Ellie Goulding performed there as part of Delirium World Tour . - On November 12 , 2016 , Justin Bieber performed a sold-out show during his Purpose World Tour . - Gorillaz performed at the arena on 14 November 2017 , as part of their Humanz Tour . - On 2 April 2018 , Metallica performed there as part of WorldWired Tour . - On 16 April 2018 Imagine Dragons performed here as a part of their Evolve World Tour . - On 7 & 8 May 2018 , Enrique Iglesias performed there as part of Enrique Iglesias Live . - On 1 July 2018 Pearl Jam performed there as part of Pearl Jam 2018 Tour . - On 10 October 2018 , Shania Twain performed there as part of Shania Now Tour . - On 7 May 2019 , Elton John performed there as part of Farewell Yellow Brick Road - On 4 September 2019 , Ariana Grande performed there as part of Sweetener World Tour . - On 16 February 2020 , Twenty One Pilots performed there as part of The Bandito Tour . - On 29 May 2020 , Eric Clapton will start his Summer European Tour 2020 at the arena . - On 23 February 2021 , Harry Styles will perform here as a part of his Love on Tour . - On 5 May 2021 , 5 Seconds of Summer will perform here as a part of their No Shame Tour . - On May 24 , 2021 , Canadian singer Céline Dion will return to the arena during her Courage World Tour - The arena is also the home of Transmission ( festival ) since 2007 . Technical facts . - Number of floors : 6 - Floor space : 35,000 m² - Capacity : up to 18,000 spectators ( depends on event ) - Club and Luxury seats : 2,460 - Sky boxes : 66 - Party Boxes : 4 - Seats in bars , restaurants and cafés : 2,900 - Beers that can be tapped in one break : 10,00 - Parking : 280 places - Population of its catchment area : 1.5 to 1.8 million people
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[
"HC Sparta Prague"
] |
easy
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Who was the occupant of O2 Arena (Prague) from 2015 to 2016?
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/wiki/O2_Arena_(Prague)#P466#2
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O2 Arena ( Prague ) O2 Arena ( formerly Sazka Arena , stylised as O arena ) is a multi-purpose arena , in Prague , Czech Republic . It is home to HC Sparta Prague of the Czech Extraliga and is the second-largest ice hockey arena in Europe . It has hosted important sporting events such as the two Ice Hockey World Championships ( 2004 and 2015 ) , first edition of prestigious tennis Laver Cup , the European Athletics Indoor Championships , the Euroleague Final Four 2006 , the World Floorball Championship , the Davis Cup finals , as well as a handful of NHL and KHL games , including a 2014 Gagarin Cup final . It can also host stage shows , such as concerts , and other large-scale events . History . The idea of building a new arena in Prague came on the heels of the golden era of Czech ice hockey : winning the gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics and three gold medals in a row at the Ice Hockey World Championships . The arena was proposed to be built in time to host the 2003 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships , but due to unforeseen complications with the investors , the ice hockey governing body had to switch that tournament to Finland . The arenas main backer then became Sazka a.s. , a Czech betting company . The construction of the arena ( which began in September 2002 ) was not without problems , but it was finally finished in time to host the 2004 tournament , the 2004 Mens World Ice Hockey Championships . In March 2008 , the building was renamed O2 Arena . In March 2011 , Sazka filed for insolvency due to debts from building the arena . From its opening until 2015 , it was home to HC Slavia Prague of the Czech Extraliga . Slavia won the national championship on home ice in Game 7 of the 2008 Extraliga finals against HC Karlovy Vary 4-0 in front of a then-league-record crowd of 17,117 . In 2015 , Slavia was relegated to the 1.liga , and the club chose to move back to the smaller Zimní stadion Eden , the teams former home and current training centre . In its place , O2 Arena reached an agreement with cross-town rivals Sparta Prague on 24 June 2015 . Sparta ownership cited the need for significant renovations at Tipsport Arena as the main reason for the move . For two seasons , 2012–13 and 2013–14 , O2 Arena also hosted occasional home games of HC Lev Prague of the Kontinental Hockey League . The club played its home games of the 2014 Gagarin Cup Finals at O2 Arena , attracting the three largest crowds in league history . In 2015 , O2 Arena co-hosted the IIHF World Championship with ČEZ Aréna in Ostrava for the second time . This time , the tournament re-established the record for World Championship attendance . In 2017 , it hosted the 1st edition of Laver Cup international indoor hard court mens tennis tournament between Europe and Team World . In 2021 , the venue will host some group phase matches at the FIBA EuroBasket 2021 which the country will play host alongside Georgia in Tbilisi , Germany in Berlin/Cologne and Italy in Milan . Notable events . - On 6 & 7 September 2006 Madonna performed there during her Confessions Tour , which was attended by 18,628 spectators , the biggest number of spectators in the arenas history . She performed again at the arena on 7 & 8 November 2015 as part of her Rebel Heart Tour selling out crowds of over 16,000 patrons . - On 12 May 2008 , Kylie Minogue performed there as part of her KylieX2008 . She performed again at the arena on 2 March 2011 as part of her Aphrodite World Tour . On 21 October 2014 Minogue performed again as part of her Kiss Me Once Tour . - On 5 June , 2008 Céline Dion performed there during Taking Chances World Tour . - In October 2008 , the New York Rangers and Tampa Bay Lightning opened the 2008–09 NHL season at O2 Arena with two games . Two years later , the NHL returned , with the Boston Bruins and Phoenix Coyotes playing twice . - In November 2008 , the French electronica pioneer Jean Michel Jarre performed his Oxygène album live at the arena , as part of the second leg of the Oxygène 30th anniversary tour . - In December 2008 , the arena played host to the playoff matches of the 2008 Mens World Floorball Championships , including Finlands 7-6 victory over Sweden in the final . - Sting performed during his Symphonicities Tour on 22 September 2010 , along with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra . - In November 2010 , Lady Gaga performed there during her Monster Ball Tour.On 7 December 2011 , Rihanna performed there during her Loud Tour . - The Czech Republic Davis Cup Team defeated Spain in the 2012 Davis Cup Final . - On 26 October 2012 , Jennifer Lopez performed a sold-out show during her Dance Again World Tour . - On 22 November 2012 , Muse performed there during their The 2nd Law World Tour . - On 5 October 2014 , Lady Gaga performed there as part of tour . - On 9 November 2014 , the Czech Fed Cup team defeated the German Fed Cup team in the final of the 2014 Fed Cup . - On 17 February 2015 , Queen + Adam Lambert performed there as part of their Queen + Adam Lambert Tour 2014-2015 . The group returned to the arena on November 1 , 2017 to kick off their 2017 European tour . - On 23 February 2015 , Katy Perry performed there as part of Prismatic World Tour . - On January 30 , 2016 , Ellie Goulding performed there as part of Delirium World Tour . - On November 12 , 2016 , Justin Bieber performed a sold-out show during his Purpose World Tour . - Gorillaz performed at the arena on 14 November 2017 , as part of their Humanz Tour . - On 2 April 2018 , Metallica performed there as part of WorldWired Tour . - On 16 April 2018 Imagine Dragons performed here as a part of their Evolve World Tour . - On 7 & 8 May 2018 , Enrique Iglesias performed there as part of Enrique Iglesias Live . - On 1 July 2018 Pearl Jam performed there as part of Pearl Jam 2018 Tour . - On 10 October 2018 , Shania Twain performed there as part of Shania Now Tour . - On 7 May 2019 , Elton John performed there as part of Farewell Yellow Brick Road - On 4 September 2019 , Ariana Grande performed there as part of Sweetener World Tour . - On 16 February 2020 , Twenty One Pilots performed there as part of The Bandito Tour . - On 29 May 2020 , Eric Clapton will start his Summer European Tour 2020 at the arena . - On 23 February 2021 , Harry Styles will perform here as a part of his Love on Tour . - On 5 May 2021 , 5 Seconds of Summer will perform here as a part of their No Shame Tour . - On May 24 , 2021 , Canadian singer Céline Dion will return to the arena during her Courage World Tour - The arena is also the home of Transmission ( festival ) since 2007 . Technical facts . - Number of floors : 6 - Floor space : 35,000 m² - Capacity : up to 18,000 spectators ( depends on event ) - Club and Luxury seats : 2,460 - Sky boxes : 66 - Party Boxes : 4 - Seats in bars , restaurants and cafés : 2,900 - Beers that can be tapped in one break : 10,00 - Parking : 280 places - Population of its catchment area : 1.5 to 1.8 million people
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[
"Premier of New Zealand"
] |
easy
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What was the position of Robert Stout in Aug 1884?
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/wiki/Robert_Stout#P39#0
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Robert Stout Sir Robert Stout ( 28 September 1844 – 19 July 1930 ) was a New Zealand politician who was the 13th Premier of New Zealand on two occasions in the late 19th century , and later Chief Justice of New Zealand . He was the only person to hold both these offices . He was noted for his support of liberal causes such as womens suffrage , and for his strong belief that philosophy and theory should always triumph over political expediency . Early life . Born in the town of Lerwick in Scotlands Shetland Islands , Stout retained a strong attachment to the Shetland Islands throughout his life . He received a good education and eventually qualified as a teacher . He also qualified as a surveyor in 1860 . He became highly interested in politics through his extended family , which often met to discuss and debate political issues of the day . Stout was exposed to many different political philosophies during his youth . In 1863 , Stout emigrated to Dunedin , New Zealand . Once there , he quickly became involved in political debate , which he greatly enjoyed . He also became active in the Freethought circles of the city . After failing to find employment as a surveyor on the Otago gold-fields , Stout returned to education , holding a number of senior teaching positions at the high-school level . Eventually , however , Stout moved away from education and entered the legal profession . In 1867 he was working in the law firm of William Downie Stewart Sr ( father of the William Downie Stewart Jr who later became Minister of Finance ) . He was called to the bar on 4 July 1871 , and proved to be a highly successful trial-lawyer . He also became one of Otago Universitys first students ( possibly the first , although this claim is disputed ) , studying political economy and the theory of morality . He later became the universitys first law-lecturer . Early political career . Stouts political career started with his election to the Otago Provincial Council . During his time on the Council he impressed many people - both with his energy and with his rhetorical skill - although others found him abrasive , and complained about his lack of respect for those who held different views . Stout successfully contested an August 1875 by-election in the Caversham electorate and thus became a Member of the New Zealand Parliament . He unsuccessfully opposed moves by the central government ( Vogel ) to abolish the provinces . At the 1875 election a few months later , he was returned in the City of Dunedin electorate . On 13 March 1878 , Stout became Attorney-General in the government of Premier George Grey . He had a hand in a number of significant pieces of legislation while in this role . On 25 July 1878 , Stout gained the additional role of Minister of Lands and Immigration . A strong advocate of land reform , Stout worked towards the goal of state ownership of land , which would then be leased to individual farmers . He often expressed fears that private ownership would lead to the sort of powerful landlord class that existed in Britain . Stout also supported taxation of privately owned land , especially gains in value . Later , in 1885 he noted that he had already been an advocate of Georgist public finance policy long before Henry George wrote Progress and Poverty . On 25 June 1879 , however , Stout resigned both from cabinet and from parliament , citing the need to focus on his law practice . His partner in the practice was growing increasingly ill , and the success of his firm was important to the welfare of both Stout and his family . Throughout his career , Stout found the cost of participating in politics a serious worry . His legal career , however , was probably not the only contributing factor to his resignation , with a falling out between Stout and George Grey having occurred shortly beforehand . At around this time Stout also developed a friendship with John Ballance , who had also resigned from Greys cabinet after a dispute . Stout and Ballance shared many of the same political views . During his absence from parliament , Stout began to form ideas about political parties in New Zealand , believing in the need for a united liberal front . He eventually concluded , however , that parliament was too fragmented for any real political parties to be established . In the election of 1884 Stout re-entered parliament , and attempted to rally the various liberal-leaning MPs behind him . Stout promptly formed an alliance with Julius Vogel , a former premier ( 1873–1875 and 1876 ) – this surprised many observers , because although Vogel shared Stouts progressive social views , the two had frequently clashed over economic policy and the future of the provincial governments . Many saw Vogel as the dominant partner in the alliance . Premier . In August 1884 , only a month after returning to parliament , Stout passed a vote of no confidence in the conservative Harry Atkinson , and assumed the premiership . Julius Vogel was made treasurer , thereby gaining a considerable measure of power in the administration . Stouts new government lasted less than two weeks , however , with Atkinson managing to pass his own vote of no confidence against Stout . Atkinson himself , however , failed to establish a government , and was removed by yet another vote of no confidence . Stout and Vogel returned to power once again . Stouts second government lasted considerably longer than his first . Its primary achievements were the reform of the civil service and a program to increase the number of secondary schools in the country . It also organised the construction of the Midland railway line between Canterbury and the West Coast . The economy , however , did not prosper , with all attempts to pull it out of depression failing . In the 1887 election , Stout himself lost his seat in parliament to James Allen by twenty-nine votes , thereby ending his premiership . Harry Atkinson , Stouts old rival , was able to form a new government after the election . At this point , Stout decided to leave parliamentary politics altogether , and instead focus on other avenues for promoting liberal views . In particular , he was interested in resolving the growing labour disputes of the time . He was highly active in building consensus between the growing labour movement and the world of middle-class liberalism . Liberal Party . During Stouts absence from politics , his old ally , John Ballance , had been continuing to fight in parliament . After the 1890 election , Ballance had gained enough support to topple Atkinson and take the premiership . Shortly afterwards , Ballance founded the Liberal Party , New Zealands first real political party . Only a few years later , however , Ballance became seriously ill , and asked Stout to return to parliament and be his successor . Stout agreed , and Ballance died shortly thereafter . Stout re-entered parliament after a winning a by-election in Inangahua on 8 June 1893 . Ballances deputy , Richard Seddon , had by this time assumed leadership of the party on the understanding that a full caucus vote would later be held . In the end , however , no vote was held . Stout , backed by those who considered Seddon too conservative , attempted to challenge this , but was ultimately unsuccessful . Many of Seddons supporters believed that the progressive views of Ballance and Stout were too extreme for the New Zealand public . Stout remained in the Liberal Party , but constantly voiced objections to Seddons leadership . In addition to claiming that Seddon was betraying Ballances original progressive ideals , Stout also claimed that Seddon was too autocratic in his style of rule . Ballances idea of a united progressive front , Stout believed , had been subverted into nothing more than a vehicle for the conservative Seddon . Seddon defended himself against these charges by claiming that Stout was merely bitter about not gaining the leadership . Womens suffrage . One of the last major campaigns that Stout participated in was the drive to grant voting rights to women . Stout had long been a supporter of this cause , having campaigned tirelessly for his own failed bill in 1878 and Julius Vogels failed bill in 1887 . He had also been highly active in the campaign to increase property rights for women , having been particularly concerned with the right of married women to keep property independently from their husbands . John Ballance had been a supporter of womens suffrage , although his attempts to pass a bill had been blocked by the conservative Legislative Council ( the now-abolished upper house of Parliament ) . Seddon , however , was opposed , and many believed that the cause was now lost . However , a major initiative by suffragists led by Kate Sheppard generated considerable support for womens suffrage , and Stout believed that a bill could be passed despite Seddons objection . A group of progressive politicians , including Stout , passed a womens suffrage bill in 1893 through both the lower and upper houses , with the upper house narrowly passing it after some members who had not been in favour changed their votes because of Seddons attempts to kill the bill in the upper house . Stout was also involved with the failing Walter Guthrie group of companies in Southland and Otago which had been supported by the Bank of New Zealand , and ( according to Bourke ) Seddon was prepared to conceal Stouts involvement – provided Stout left politics . In 1898 Stout retired from politics . He had represented the seats of Caversham in the 5th parliament ( 1875 ) , Dunedin East in the 6th parliament ( 1875–79 ) and in the 9th parliament ( 1884–87 ) , Inangahua in the 11th parliament ( 1893 ) , and the City of Wellington in the 12th and 13th parliaments ( 1893–98 ) . Life after politics . On 22 June 1899 , he was appointed Chief Justice of New Zealand , and remained in this position until 31 January 1926 . As of 2011 , Stout was the last Chief Justice of New Zealand to have served in the New Zealand Parliament . While Chief Justice , Stout showed a particular interest in the rehabilitation of criminals , contrasting with the emphasis on punishment that prevailed at the time . He took a leading part in the consolidation of New Zealand statutes ( completed in 1908 ) , and was made a Privy Councillor in 1921 . In the same year as his retirement , Stout was appointed to the Legislative Council , the last political office he would hold . Stout also had a role of considerable importance in the development of the New Zealand university system . He had become a member of the Senate of the University of New Zealand in 1885 , and remained so until 1930 . From 1903 to 1923 , he was the universitys Chancellor . He was also prominent in Otago University from 1891 to 1898 , serving on its council . He played a very significant role in the founding of what is now Victoria University of Wellington – the strong connection between Victoria University and the Stout family is remembered by the universitys Stout Research Centre and its Robert Stout Building . In 1929 , Stout became increasingly ill , and never recovered . On 19 July 1930 he died in Wellington . Works . - The Rise and Progress of New Zealand historical sketch in Musings in Maoriland by Arthur T . Keirle 1890 . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre - Our Railway Gauge in The New Zealand Railways Magazine , Volume 3 , Issue 2 ( 1 June 1928 ) . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
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[
"Premier"
] |
easy
|
What was the position of Robert Stout from Sep 1884 to Oct 1887?
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/wiki/Robert_Stout#P39#1
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Robert Stout Sir Robert Stout ( 28 September 1844 – 19 July 1930 ) was a New Zealand politician who was the 13th Premier of New Zealand on two occasions in the late 19th century , and later Chief Justice of New Zealand . He was the only person to hold both these offices . He was noted for his support of liberal causes such as womens suffrage , and for his strong belief that philosophy and theory should always triumph over political expediency . Early life . Born in the town of Lerwick in Scotlands Shetland Islands , Stout retained a strong attachment to the Shetland Islands throughout his life . He received a good education and eventually qualified as a teacher . He also qualified as a surveyor in 1860 . He became highly interested in politics through his extended family , which often met to discuss and debate political issues of the day . Stout was exposed to many different political philosophies during his youth . In 1863 , Stout emigrated to Dunedin , New Zealand . Once there , he quickly became involved in political debate , which he greatly enjoyed . He also became active in the Freethought circles of the city . After failing to find employment as a surveyor on the Otago gold-fields , Stout returned to education , holding a number of senior teaching positions at the high-school level . Eventually , however , Stout moved away from education and entered the legal profession . In 1867 he was working in the law firm of William Downie Stewart Sr ( father of the William Downie Stewart Jr who later became Minister of Finance ) . He was called to the bar on 4 July 1871 , and proved to be a highly successful trial-lawyer . He also became one of Otago Universitys first students ( possibly the first , although this claim is disputed ) , studying political economy and the theory of morality . He later became the universitys first law-lecturer . Early political career . Stouts political career started with his election to the Otago Provincial Council . During his time on the Council he impressed many people - both with his energy and with his rhetorical skill - although others found him abrasive , and complained about his lack of respect for those who held different views . Stout successfully contested an August 1875 by-election in the Caversham electorate and thus became a Member of the New Zealand Parliament . He unsuccessfully opposed moves by the central government ( Vogel ) to abolish the provinces . At the 1875 election a few months later , he was returned in the City of Dunedin electorate . On 13 March 1878 , Stout became Attorney-General in the government of Premier George Grey . He had a hand in a number of significant pieces of legislation while in this role . On 25 July 1878 , Stout gained the additional role of Minister of Lands and Immigration . A strong advocate of land reform , Stout worked towards the goal of state ownership of land , which would then be leased to individual farmers . He often expressed fears that private ownership would lead to the sort of powerful landlord class that existed in Britain . Stout also supported taxation of privately owned land , especially gains in value . Later , in 1885 he noted that he had already been an advocate of Georgist public finance policy long before Henry George wrote Progress and Poverty . On 25 June 1879 , however , Stout resigned both from cabinet and from parliament , citing the need to focus on his law practice . His partner in the practice was growing increasingly ill , and the success of his firm was important to the welfare of both Stout and his family . Throughout his career , Stout found the cost of participating in politics a serious worry . His legal career , however , was probably not the only contributing factor to his resignation , with a falling out between Stout and George Grey having occurred shortly beforehand . At around this time Stout also developed a friendship with John Ballance , who had also resigned from Greys cabinet after a dispute . Stout and Ballance shared many of the same political views . During his absence from parliament , Stout began to form ideas about political parties in New Zealand , believing in the need for a united liberal front . He eventually concluded , however , that parliament was too fragmented for any real political parties to be established . In the election of 1884 Stout re-entered parliament , and attempted to rally the various liberal-leaning MPs behind him . Stout promptly formed an alliance with Julius Vogel , a former premier ( 1873–1875 and 1876 ) – this surprised many observers , because although Vogel shared Stouts progressive social views , the two had frequently clashed over economic policy and the future of the provincial governments . Many saw Vogel as the dominant partner in the alliance . Premier . In August 1884 , only a month after returning to parliament , Stout passed a vote of no confidence in the conservative Harry Atkinson , and assumed the premiership . Julius Vogel was made treasurer , thereby gaining a considerable measure of power in the administration . Stouts new government lasted less than two weeks , however , with Atkinson managing to pass his own vote of no confidence against Stout . Atkinson himself , however , failed to establish a government , and was removed by yet another vote of no confidence . Stout and Vogel returned to power once again . Stouts second government lasted considerably longer than his first . Its primary achievements were the reform of the civil service and a program to increase the number of secondary schools in the country . It also organised the construction of the Midland railway line between Canterbury and the West Coast . The economy , however , did not prosper , with all attempts to pull it out of depression failing . In the 1887 election , Stout himself lost his seat in parliament to James Allen by twenty-nine votes , thereby ending his premiership . Harry Atkinson , Stouts old rival , was able to form a new government after the election . At this point , Stout decided to leave parliamentary politics altogether , and instead focus on other avenues for promoting liberal views . In particular , he was interested in resolving the growing labour disputes of the time . He was highly active in building consensus between the growing labour movement and the world of middle-class liberalism . Liberal Party . During Stouts absence from politics , his old ally , John Ballance , had been continuing to fight in parliament . After the 1890 election , Ballance had gained enough support to topple Atkinson and take the premiership . Shortly afterwards , Ballance founded the Liberal Party , New Zealands first real political party . Only a few years later , however , Ballance became seriously ill , and asked Stout to return to parliament and be his successor . Stout agreed , and Ballance died shortly thereafter . Stout re-entered parliament after a winning a by-election in Inangahua on 8 June 1893 . Ballances deputy , Richard Seddon , had by this time assumed leadership of the party on the understanding that a full caucus vote would later be held . In the end , however , no vote was held . Stout , backed by those who considered Seddon too conservative , attempted to challenge this , but was ultimately unsuccessful . Many of Seddons supporters believed that the progressive views of Ballance and Stout were too extreme for the New Zealand public . Stout remained in the Liberal Party , but constantly voiced objections to Seddons leadership . In addition to claiming that Seddon was betraying Ballances original progressive ideals , Stout also claimed that Seddon was too autocratic in his style of rule . Ballances idea of a united progressive front , Stout believed , had been subverted into nothing more than a vehicle for the conservative Seddon . Seddon defended himself against these charges by claiming that Stout was merely bitter about not gaining the leadership . Womens suffrage . One of the last major campaigns that Stout participated in was the drive to grant voting rights to women . Stout had long been a supporter of this cause , having campaigned tirelessly for his own failed bill in 1878 and Julius Vogels failed bill in 1887 . He had also been highly active in the campaign to increase property rights for women , having been particularly concerned with the right of married women to keep property independently from their husbands . John Ballance had been a supporter of womens suffrage , although his attempts to pass a bill had been blocked by the conservative Legislative Council ( the now-abolished upper house of Parliament ) . Seddon , however , was opposed , and many believed that the cause was now lost . However , a major initiative by suffragists led by Kate Sheppard generated considerable support for womens suffrage , and Stout believed that a bill could be passed despite Seddons objection . A group of progressive politicians , including Stout , passed a womens suffrage bill in 1893 through both the lower and upper houses , with the upper house narrowly passing it after some members who had not been in favour changed their votes because of Seddons attempts to kill the bill in the upper house . Stout was also involved with the failing Walter Guthrie group of companies in Southland and Otago which had been supported by the Bank of New Zealand , and ( according to Bourke ) Seddon was prepared to conceal Stouts involvement – provided Stout left politics . In 1898 Stout retired from politics . He had represented the seats of Caversham in the 5th parliament ( 1875 ) , Dunedin East in the 6th parliament ( 1875–79 ) and in the 9th parliament ( 1884–87 ) , Inangahua in the 11th parliament ( 1893 ) , and the City of Wellington in the 12th and 13th parliaments ( 1893–98 ) . Life after politics . On 22 June 1899 , he was appointed Chief Justice of New Zealand , and remained in this position until 31 January 1926 . As of 2011 , Stout was the last Chief Justice of New Zealand to have served in the New Zealand Parliament . While Chief Justice , Stout showed a particular interest in the rehabilitation of criminals , contrasting with the emphasis on punishment that prevailed at the time . He took a leading part in the consolidation of New Zealand statutes ( completed in 1908 ) , and was made a Privy Councillor in 1921 . In the same year as his retirement , Stout was appointed to the Legislative Council , the last political office he would hold . Stout also had a role of considerable importance in the development of the New Zealand university system . He had become a member of the Senate of the University of New Zealand in 1885 , and remained so until 1930 . From 1903 to 1923 , he was the universitys Chancellor . He was also prominent in Otago University from 1891 to 1898 , serving on its council . He played a very significant role in the founding of what is now Victoria University of Wellington – the strong connection between Victoria University and the Stout family is remembered by the universitys Stout Research Centre and its Robert Stout Building . In 1929 , Stout became increasingly ill , and never recovered . On 19 July 1930 he died in Wellington . Works . - The Rise and Progress of New Zealand historical sketch in Musings in Maoriland by Arthur T . Keirle 1890 . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre - Our Railway Gauge in The New Zealand Railways Magazine , Volume 3 , Issue 2 ( 1 June 1928 ) . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
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[
"Chief Justice of New Zealand"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Robert Stout hold from May 1899 to 1926?
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/wiki/Robert_Stout#P39#2
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Robert Stout Sir Robert Stout ( 28 September 1844 – 19 July 1930 ) was a New Zealand politician who was the 13th Premier of New Zealand on two occasions in the late 19th century , and later Chief Justice of New Zealand . He was the only person to hold both these offices . He was noted for his support of liberal causes such as womens suffrage , and for his strong belief that philosophy and theory should always triumph over political expediency . Early life . Born in the town of Lerwick in Scotlands Shetland Islands , Stout retained a strong attachment to the Shetland Islands throughout his life . He received a good education and eventually qualified as a teacher . He also qualified as a surveyor in 1860 . He became highly interested in politics through his extended family , which often met to discuss and debate political issues of the day . Stout was exposed to many different political philosophies during his youth . In 1863 , Stout emigrated to Dunedin , New Zealand . Once there , he quickly became involved in political debate , which he greatly enjoyed . He also became active in the Freethought circles of the city . After failing to find employment as a surveyor on the Otago gold-fields , Stout returned to education , holding a number of senior teaching positions at the high-school level . Eventually , however , Stout moved away from education and entered the legal profession . In 1867 he was working in the law firm of William Downie Stewart Sr ( father of the William Downie Stewart Jr who later became Minister of Finance ) . He was called to the bar on 4 July 1871 , and proved to be a highly successful trial-lawyer . He also became one of Otago Universitys first students ( possibly the first , although this claim is disputed ) , studying political economy and the theory of morality . He later became the universitys first law-lecturer . Early political career . Stouts political career started with his election to the Otago Provincial Council . During his time on the Council he impressed many people - both with his energy and with his rhetorical skill - although others found him abrasive , and complained about his lack of respect for those who held different views . Stout successfully contested an August 1875 by-election in the Caversham electorate and thus became a Member of the New Zealand Parliament . He unsuccessfully opposed moves by the central government ( Vogel ) to abolish the provinces . At the 1875 election a few months later , he was returned in the City of Dunedin electorate . On 13 March 1878 , Stout became Attorney-General in the government of Premier George Grey . He had a hand in a number of significant pieces of legislation while in this role . On 25 July 1878 , Stout gained the additional role of Minister of Lands and Immigration . A strong advocate of land reform , Stout worked towards the goal of state ownership of land , which would then be leased to individual farmers . He often expressed fears that private ownership would lead to the sort of powerful landlord class that existed in Britain . Stout also supported taxation of privately owned land , especially gains in value . Later , in 1885 he noted that he had already been an advocate of Georgist public finance policy long before Henry George wrote Progress and Poverty . On 25 June 1879 , however , Stout resigned both from cabinet and from parliament , citing the need to focus on his law practice . His partner in the practice was growing increasingly ill , and the success of his firm was important to the welfare of both Stout and his family . Throughout his career , Stout found the cost of participating in politics a serious worry . His legal career , however , was probably not the only contributing factor to his resignation , with a falling out between Stout and George Grey having occurred shortly beforehand . At around this time Stout also developed a friendship with John Ballance , who had also resigned from Greys cabinet after a dispute . Stout and Ballance shared many of the same political views . During his absence from parliament , Stout began to form ideas about political parties in New Zealand , believing in the need for a united liberal front . He eventually concluded , however , that parliament was too fragmented for any real political parties to be established . In the election of 1884 Stout re-entered parliament , and attempted to rally the various liberal-leaning MPs behind him . Stout promptly formed an alliance with Julius Vogel , a former premier ( 1873–1875 and 1876 ) – this surprised many observers , because although Vogel shared Stouts progressive social views , the two had frequently clashed over economic policy and the future of the provincial governments . Many saw Vogel as the dominant partner in the alliance . Premier . In August 1884 , only a month after returning to parliament , Stout passed a vote of no confidence in the conservative Harry Atkinson , and assumed the premiership . Julius Vogel was made treasurer , thereby gaining a considerable measure of power in the administration . Stouts new government lasted less than two weeks , however , with Atkinson managing to pass his own vote of no confidence against Stout . Atkinson himself , however , failed to establish a government , and was removed by yet another vote of no confidence . Stout and Vogel returned to power once again . Stouts second government lasted considerably longer than his first . Its primary achievements were the reform of the civil service and a program to increase the number of secondary schools in the country . It also organised the construction of the Midland railway line between Canterbury and the West Coast . The economy , however , did not prosper , with all attempts to pull it out of depression failing . In the 1887 election , Stout himself lost his seat in parliament to James Allen by twenty-nine votes , thereby ending his premiership . Harry Atkinson , Stouts old rival , was able to form a new government after the election . At this point , Stout decided to leave parliamentary politics altogether , and instead focus on other avenues for promoting liberal views . In particular , he was interested in resolving the growing labour disputes of the time . He was highly active in building consensus between the growing labour movement and the world of middle-class liberalism . Liberal Party . During Stouts absence from politics , his old ally , John Ballance , had been continuing to fight in parliament . After the 1890 election , Ballance had gained enough support to topple Atkinson and take the premiership . Shortly afterwards , Ballance founded the Liberal Party , New Zealands first real political party . Only a few years later , however , Ballance became seriously ill , and asked Stout to return to parliament and be his successor . Stout agreed , and Ballance died shortly thereafter . Stout re-entered parliament after a winning a by-election in Inangahua on 8 June 1893 . Ballances deputy , Richard Seddon , had by this time assumed leadership of the party on the understanding that a full caucus vote would later be held . In the end , however , no vote was held . Stout , backed by those who considered Seddon too conservative , attempted to challenge this , but was ultimately unsuccessful . Many of Seddons supporters believed that the progressive views of Ballance and Stout were too extreme for the New Zealand public . Stout remained in the Liberal Party , but constantly voiced objections to Seddons leadership . In addition to claiming that Seddon was betraying Ballances original progressive ideals , Stout also claimed that Seddon was too autocratic in his style of rule . Ballances idea of a united progressive front , Stout believed , had been subverted into nothing more than a vehicle for the conservative Seddon . Seddon defended himself against these charges by claiming that Stout was merely bitter about not gaining the leadership . Womens suffrage . One of the last major campaigns that Stout participated in was the drive to grant voting rights to women . Stout had long been a supporter of this cause , having campaigned tirelessly for his own failed bill in 1878 and Julius Vogels failed bill in 1887 . He had also been highly active in the campaign to increase property rights for women , having been particularly concerned with the right of married women to keep property independently from their husbands . John Ballance had been a supporter of womens suffrage , although his attempts to pass a bill had been blocked by the conservative Legislative Council ( the now-abolished upper house of Parliament ) . Seddon , however , was opposed , and many believed that the cause was now lost . However , a major initiative by suffragists led by Kate Sheppard generated considerable support for womens suffrage , and Stout believed that a bill could be passed despite Seddons objection . A group of progressive politicians , including Stout , passed a womens suffrage bill in 1893 through both the lower and upper houses , with the upper house narrowly passing it after some members who had not been in favour changed their votes because of Seddons attempts to kill the bill in the upper house . Stout was also involved with the failing Walter Guthrie group of companies in Southland and Otago which had been supported by the Bank of New Zealand , and ( according to Bourke ) Seddon was prepared to conceal Stouts involvement – provided Stout left politics . In 1898 Stout retired from politics . He had represented the seats of Caversham in the 5th parliament ( 1875 ) , Dunedin East in the 6th parliament ( 1875–79 ) and in the 9th parliament ( 1884–87 ) , Inangahua in the 11th parliament ( 1893 ) , and the City of Wellington in the 12th and 13th parliaments ( 1893–98 ) . Life after politics . On 22 June 1899 , he was appointed Chief Justice of New Zealand , and remained in this position until 31 January 1926 . As of 2011 , Stout was the last Chief Justice of New Zealand to have served in the New Zealand Parliament . While Chief Justice , Stout showed a particular interest in the rehabilitation of criminals , contrasting with the emphasis on punishment that prevailed at the time . He took a leading part in the consolidation of New Zealand statutes ( completed in 1908 ) , and was made a Privy Councillor in 1921 . In the same year as his retirement , Stout was appointed to the Legislative Council , the last political office he would hold . Stout also had a role of considerable importance in the development of the New Zealand university system . He had become a member of the Senate of the University of New Zealand in 1885 , and remained so until 1930 . From 1903 to 1923 , he was the universitys Chancellor . He was also prominent in Otago University from 1891 to 1898 , serving on its council . He played a very significant role in the founding of what is now Victoria University of Wellington – the strong connection between Victoria University and the Stout family is remembered by the universitys Stout Research Centre and its Robert Stout Building . In 1929 , Stout became increasingly ill , and never recovered . On 19 July 1930 he died in Wellington . Works . - The Rise and Progress of New Zealand historical sketch in Musings in Maoriland by Arthur T . Keirle 1890 . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre - Our Railway Gauge in The New Zealand Railways Magazine , Volume 3 , Issue 2 ( 1 June 1928 ) . Digitised by the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre
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"Hungarian Working Peoples Party"
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Which political party did Gyula Horn belong to from 1954 to 1956?
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/wiki/Gyula_Horn#P102#0
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Gyula Horn Gyula Horn ( 5 July 1932 – 19 June 2013 ) was a Hungarian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary from 1994 to 1998 . Horn is remembered as the last Communist Foreign Minister of Hungary who played a major role in the demolishing of the Iron Curtain for East Germans in 1989 , contributing to the later unification of Germany , and for the Bokros package , the biggest fiscal austerity programme in post-communist Hungary , launched under his premiership , in 1995 . Early life and education . Horn was born in Budapest in 1932 as the third child of the transport worker Géza Horn who was of Jewish background and factory worker Anna Csörnyei . They lived in conditions of poverty at the so-called Barrack estate between Nagyicce and Sashalom . There were seven brothers in the family : filmmaker Géza ( 1925–1956 ) , Károly ( 1930–1946 ) , Tibor ( 1935 ) , Sándor ( 1939 ) , Tamás ( 1942 ) and Dénes ( 1944 ) . After the German occupation of Hungary , his father was kidnapped by the Gestapo due to communist activities in 1944 and never returned home . Gyula Horns niece is Szófia Havas ( b . Szófia Horn , 1955 ) , Member of Parliament between 2006 and 2010 , whose father Géza , Jr . was killed under unclear circumstances during the 1956 revolution . He first studied in a lower technicians school in Hungary . He graduated from the Rostov-on-Don College of Economics and Finance in 1954 . He finished the political academy of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) in 1970 . He received Candidate of Economic Sciences in 1977 . He married statistician Anna Király in February 1956 and had two children : Anna ( 1956 ) and Gyula , Jr . ( 1969 ) . Administration and party career . Communist Hungary . In 1954 Horn joined the Hungarian communist party , then called the Hungarian Working Peoples Party ( MDP ) . In November 1956 , he helped reorganize the MDP into the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) , which under the leadership of János Kádár crushed the 1956 Hungarian revolution against Soviet occupation and communist rule . Horn worked in the Ministry of Finance from 1954 to 1959 . He got a job in the Foreign Ministry in 1959 , first as an official in the independent Soviet department . In the 1960s he was a diplomat in the Hungarian embassies in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . In 1969 Horn became an official in the foreign affairs department of the MSZMP Central Committee . By 1983 he rose to the rank of department head . In 1985 he was appointed secretary of state ( deputy minister ) in the Foreign Ministry . In 1989 he stepped forward to become foreign minister in the countrys last communist government led by Miklós Németh . By this time , Horn had become a prominent member of the partys reformist wing , which wanted to jettison the goulash Communism of Kádár in favour of Western-style democracy and a market economy . As a minister he was in charge of foreign affairs when Hungary decided to open the western border ( the Iron Curtain ) to East Germans wishing to emigrate to West Germany . He is often credited with having a major part in the decision and , consequently , a role in German unification . He and his Austrian counterpart Alois Mock posed for cameras on 27 June 1989 to cut through a barbed wire frontier fence , in a largely symbolic act of rapprochement which had been planned months before . As foreign minister he ordered the border to be opened to allow East Germans gathered in Hungary by the thousands to cross into Austria , and from there to West Germany . With this act he greatly contributed to the later unification of Germany . Within weeks tens of thousands of East Germans , who travelled to Hungary with tourist visas , headed straight for the unfortified border and walked into the West . Horn outraged his East German counterparts when he told them that international treaties on refugees took precedence over a 1969 agreement between Budapest and East Berlin limiting freedom of movement . The fall of East German communism and the process of German unification had been launched . With dizzying speed , communist governments in the region succumbed to popular uprisings and sheer fatigue . Within a few years , the Soviet Union itself had evaporated . Horn helped lead the transformation of the MSZMP into the Hungarian Socialist Party later in 1989 . As foreign minister he prepared and signed the Hungarian-Soviet troop withdrawal agreement in March 1990 . Among the politicians of the transitional era , including representatives of civil opposition , he was the first in Hungary who raised and suggested the issue of possible membership in NATO and the European Union . After communism . He was elected to Parliament in 1990 and retained a seat until the 2010 parliamentary election . The Socialists were roundly defeated in that election , taking only 33 seats . He served as Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs between 1990 and 1993 , until his resignation . Also in 1990 , he succeeded Rezső Nyers as chairman of the Socialist Party . Between 1990 and 1995 , he was a member of the Governing Board of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute ( SIPRI ) . He also functioned as one of the vice presidents of the Socialist International from 1996 to 2003 . Horn led the Socialists to a comprehensive victory in the 1994 parliamentary election . The MSZP leaped from a paltry 33 seats in 1990 to 209 , at the time the second-most that a Hungarian party has ever won in a free election . The size of the MSZP landslide took even Horn by surprise . Although the Socialists had more than enough seats to govern alone , Horn suspected hed have trouble getting needed reforms past his own partys left wing . He also wanted to allay concerns both inside and outside Hungary of a former Communist party winning an absolute majority . With this in mind , he went into coalition with the liberal Alliance of Free Democrats , giving him a two-thirds majority . A few days before election day , Horn and his convoy suffered a major car accident between Emőd and Nyékládháza on the way back from a campaign closing event from Miskolc ; Horn suffered a cervical fracture and was forced to wear a halo brace for months . In 1995 , Horns government enacted the Bokros package , a major austerity program . This was a difficult decision for a social democratic party , and Horn had to expend considerable effort to get most of his party to agree to it . Although Horn relinquished leadership of the party after the Socialists lost the 1998 election to Viktor Orbán and Fidesz , he was for a long time considered to have considerable influence in the party , partly because of his personal popularity among elderly voters . However , after 2002 he went into semi-retirement . The Medgyessy Cabinet appointed him Special Rapporteur for the European Union . He received second place in the election list of the MSZP during the 2004 European Parliament election in Hungary , however Horn stated before the election that would not become an MEP . Horn has received several awards for his achievements in foreign relations , among others the Charlemagne Award of the city of Aachen in 1990 . He did not , however , get the Civil Division of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2007 , suggested by Ferenc Gyurcsány , as it was refused by Hungarian President László Sólyom , who explicitly stated Horns views on the 1956 revolution as the reason . According to a survey in 2011 , Viktor Orbán was found to be Hungarys best prime minister since the transition to democracy , József Antall , the head of the first democratically elected government between 1990 and 1993 , came second while Horn and Gordon Bajnai ( 2009–10 ) tied for the third place . His role in 1956 . Although the fiscal austerity package under his rule eroded his popularity heavily , the most controversial part of his life is his role after the 1956 revolution , which started on 23 October and was crushed in the days following 4 November . At the end of October he joined the National Guard , the armed body of the revolution consisting soldiers , policemen , and civic freedom fighters . In December he joined the pufajkás brigades ( in German Steppjackenbrigade ) , a communist paramilitary body set up to help the invading Soviet troops restore the communist regime , and he served there until June 1957 . His alleged role is controversial in some circles because such squads were accused of involvement in torturing , harassing and even executing civilians during and after the uprising . According to him his elder brother was killed by the revolutionists during the uprising . However , his brothers death certificate states he died in a traffic accident in the countryside . His daughter was born on 30 October . The conditions were bad . The uprising released many criminals who endangered public safety . In the pufajkás squad I defended the legal order , he told German paper Die Welt 50 years later . First , I would like to make it clear that 1956 was not a fight against communism . Even the rebels did not want to wipe it out . This is incorrectly depicted today . Horns precise role in crushing the revolution is unclear as the reports of his brigade have gaps ; however , in 1957 he received the award For the Worker-Peasant Power , which was only granted to those whose services earned satisfaction . When decades later , already as a prime minister he was questioned and criticized over this part of his life , he only said : I was a pufajkás . So what ? Illness and death . In August 2007 , Horn was taken to hospital with severe disease . Reportedly he was treated at Honvéd Hospital of Budapest for a sleeping disorder , but other sources told he had a serious brain malformation . Later reported his condition worsened so much that he could not leave the hospital , and thus missed the World Political Forum which was held in Budapest , where former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev also participated . On 9 October 2007 , Hungarian daily newspaper Népszabadságs online version reported mistakenly that Gyula Horn died . As of 2008 , Gyula Horn was no longer able to recognise his family members and friends as he suffered from an illness similar to Alzheimers disease . There were also reports that Horn was in good physical condition despite the fact that he had lost significant weight . Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány was one of the last senior party officials , who visited him then . On 5 July 2011 , the day of Horns 79th birthday Népszava reported his health condition had not deteriorated but also not improved , remained stable . During this time influential MSZP leaders gave a toast to Horn on the occasion of his birthday . Horn became 80 years old on 5 July 2012 , when Prime Minister Viktor Orbán greeted him in a letter . He wrote , first of all we are Hungarians and we work towards prosperity of the nation based on our faith and the best of our knowledge . Therefore there are more links than divisions between us . The Hungarian Socialist Party also celebrated his round birthday . After years of struggling with his illness , he died on 19 June 2013 . He was survived by his wife and daughter , Anna , and son , Gyula Jr . Germanys Foreign Minister , Guido Westerwelle , said Horns courageous work as Hungarian foreign minister will remain unforgettable to us Germans . Reuters called Horn , whose picture taking a wire-cutter to the fence separating Hungary and Austria was iconic , the man who tore the iron curtain . Domestic recognition was hampered by his communist history , and commendations voted on by the Hungarian parliament were defeated on the occasions of his 70th and 75th birthdays . Attila Mesterházy , chairman of the Hungarian Socialist Party , sent a statement to news agency Magyar Távirati Iroda ( MTI ) in which he wrote that Horn will be remembered as the most defining leaders of the modern Hungarian left , one of the most successful prime ministers of Hungary and had made one of the greatest impacts on Europe during its sweeping changes over two decades ago . Horn played a key role in reviving the left and the Socialist party . Former PM Gyurcsány called Horn the most contradictory and most talented of politicians , and added in his Facebook entry : a great man has passed away . The government party Fidesz expressed condolences to Horns family and leadership of the Hungarian Socialist party . Politics Can Be Differents co-chair András Schiffer told MTI that Horn was one of the most important personalities of the post-communist Hungary and is one of the few politicians whose names are likely to go down in Hungarian history . Schiffer said that he could not identify with Horns politics and political relations before the transition to democracy in Hungary , but it must be acknowledged that Horn had shown real humanity towards ordinary people . Gordon Bajnai , leader of the Together 2014 , said that Hungary and Europe lost a true statesman . He added that Horn was a symbol of a peaceful and successful regime change , and , as prime minister , he had done much to help Hungary find an exit from the post-communist economic and social crisis . President János Áder also sent his condolences to Horns widow and children . Funeral . Horn received a state funeral with military honors and was buried at Fiume Road National Graveyard on 8 July 2013 . Thousands of people attended the funeral , many of whom laid red carnations beside the grave . European Parliament President Martin Schulz , former German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher , Hungarian President János Áder , former head of states László Sólyom and Pál Schmitt , Archbishop Péter Erdő and former house speaker Katalin Szili were also among the attendance , as well as representatives of the main parliamentary parties . Prime Minister Viktor Orbán , former prime ministers Péter Boross , Péter Medgyessy , Ferenc Gyurcsány and Gordon Bajnai , as well as party chairman Attila Mesterházy paid tribute to the memory of Gyula Horn . When Orbán bowed his head , some in the crowd booed at the prime minister . Socialist lawmaker Ferenc Baja , a former minister in the Horn government , said in a Facebook entry that this was derogative to the event . Béla Katona , who served as Speaker of the National Assembly from 2009 to 2010 , said the life of Gyula Horn itself encompassed the history of the twentieth century and he shaped the fate of both Hungary and Europe as a whole . Katona told Horn as a prime minister and a statesman remained an ordinary man nevertheless . He was not perfect , he made some bad decisions , but the good decisions outnumbered the bad ones . He was a successful man and a true statesman . Selected publications . - Baranyi , Mária : Egy előszoba titkai – Horn Gyula közelről 1994–1998 . Athenaeum Könyvkiadó , Budapest , 2010 . - Horn , Gyula : Cölöpök . Zenit Könyvek , Budapest , 1991 . - Horn , Gyula : Azok a kilencvenes évek... . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 1999 . - Kubinyi , Ferenc : Vaskorona . Edition Litfas , 1995 . - Pünkösti , Árpád : A Horn . Angyalföldtől a pártelnökségig 1932–1990 . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 2013 . - Szerdahelyi , Szabolcs : Hiányzó cölöpök – Ami a Horn Gyula életrajzból kimaradt . Kairosz Kiadó , Budapest , 2002 .
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"Hungarian Socialist Workers Party"
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Which political party did Gyula Horn belong to from 1956 to 1989?
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/wiki/Gyula_Horn#P102#1
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Gyula Horn Gyula Horn ( 5 July 1932 – 19 June 2013 ) was a Hungarian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary from 1994 to 1998 . Horn is remembered as the last Communist Foreign Minister of Hungary who played a major role in the demolishing of the Iron Curtain for East Germans in 1989 , contributing to the later unification of Germany , and for the Bokros package , the biggest fiscal austerity programme in post-communist Hungary , launched under his premiership , in 1995 . Early life and education . Horn was born in Budapest in 1932 as the third child of the transport worker Géza Horn who was of Jewish background and factory worker Anna Csörnyei . They lived in conditions of poverty at the so-called Barrack estate between Nagyicce and Sashalom . There were seven brothers in the family : filmmaker Géza ( 1925–1956 ) , Károly ( 1930–1946 ) , Tibor ( 1935 ) , Sándor ( 1939 ) , Tamás ( 1942 ) and Dénes ( 1944 ) . After the German occupation of Hungary , his father was kidnapped by the Gestapo due to communist activities in 1944 and never returned home . Gyula Horns niece is Szófia Havas ( b . Szófia Horn , 1955 ) , Member of Parliament between 2006 and 2010 , whose father Géza , Jr . was killed under unclear circumstances during the 1956 revolution . He first studied in a lower technicians school in Hungary . He graduated from the Rostov-on-Don College of Economics and Finance in 1954 . He finished the political academy of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) in 1970 . He received Candidate of Economic Sciences in 1977 . He married statistician Anna Király in February 1956 and had two children : Anna ( 1956 ) and Gyula , Jr . ( 1969 ) . Administration and party career . Communist Hungary . In 1954 Horn joined the Hungarian communist party , then called the Hungarian Working Peoples Party ( MDP ) . In November 1956 , he helped reorganize the MDP into the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) , which under the leadership of János Kádár crushed the 1956 Hungarian revolution against Soviet occupation and communist rule . Horn worked in the Ministry of Finance from 1954 to 1959 . He got a job in the Foreign Ministry in 1959 , first as an official in the independent Soviet department . In the 1960s he was a diplomat in the Hungarian embassies in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . In 1969 Horn became an official in the foreign affairs department of the MSZMP Central Committee . By 1983 he rose to the rank of department head . In 1985 he was appointed secretary of state ( deputy minister ) in the Foreign Ministry . In 1989 he stepped forward to become foreign minister in the countrys last communist government led by Miklós Németh . By this time , Horn had become a prominent member of the partys reformist wing , which wanted to jettison the goulash Communism of Kádár in favour of Western-style democracy and a market economy . As a minister he was in charge of foreign affairs when Hungary decided to open the western border ( the Iron Curtain ) to East Germans wishing to emigrate to West Germany . He is often credited with having a major part in the decision and , consequently , a role in German unification . He and his Austrian counterpart Alois Mock posed for cameras on 27 June 1989 to cut through a barbed wire frontier fence , in a largely symbolic act of rapprochement which had been planned months before . As foreign minister he ordered the border to be opened to allow East Germans gathered in Hungary by the thousands to cross into Austria , and from there to West Germany . With this act he greatly contributed to the later unification of Germany . Within weeks tens of thousands of East Germans , who travelled to Hungary with tourist visas , headed straight for the unfortified border and walked into the West . Horn outraged his East German counterparts when he told them that international treaties on refugees took precedence over a 1969 agreement between Budapest and East Berlin limiting freedom of movement . The fall of East German communism and the process of German unification had been launched . With dizzying speed , communist governments in the region succumbed to popular uprisings and sheer fatigue . Within a few years , the Soviet Union itself had evaporated . Horn helped lead the transformation of the MSZMP into the Hungarian Socialist Party later in 1989 . As foreign minister he prepared and signed the Hungarian-Soviet troop withdrawal agreement in March 1990 . Among the politicians of the transitional era , including representatives of civil opposition , he was the first in Hungary who raised and suggested the issue of possible membership in NATO and the European Union . After communism . He was elected to Parliament in 1990 and retained a seat until the 2010 parliamentary election . The Socialists were roundly defeated in that election , taking only 33 seats . He served as Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs between 1990 and 1993 , until his resignation . Also in 1990 , he succeeded Rezső Nyers as chairman of the Socialist Party . Between 1990 and 1995 , he was a member of the Governing Board of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute ( SIPRI ) . He also functioned as one of the vice presidents of the Socialist International from 1996 to 2003 . Horn led the Socialists to a comprehensive victory in the 1994 parliamentary election . The MSZP leaped from a paltry 33 seats in 1990 to 209 , at the time the second-most that a Hungarian party has ever won in a free election . The size of the MSZP landslide took even Horn by surprise . Although the Socialists had more than enough seats to govern alone , Horn suspected hed have trouble getting needed reforms past his own partys left wing . He also wanted to allay concerns both inside and outside Hungary of a former Communist party winning an absolute majority . With this in mind , he went into coalition with the liberal Alliance of Free Democrats , giving him a two-thirds majority . A few days before election day , Horn and his convoy suffered a major car accident between Emőd and Nyékládháza on the way back from a campaign closing event from Miskolc ; Horn suffered a cervical fracture and was forced to wear a halo brace for months . In 1995 , Horns government enacted the Bokros package , a major austerity program . This was a difficult decision for a social democratic party , and Horn had to expend considerable effort to get most of his party to agree to it . Although Horn relinquished leadership of the party after the Socialists lost the 1998 election to Viktor Orbán and Fidesz , he was for a long time considered to have considerable influence in the party , partly because of his personal popularity among elderly voters . However , after 2002 he went into semi-retirement . The Medgyessy Cabinet appointed him Special Rapporteur for the European Union . He received second place in the election list of the MSZP during the 2004 European Parliament election in Hungary , however Horn stated before the election that would not become an MEP . Horn has received several awards for his achievements in foreign relations , among others the Charlemagne Award of the city of Aachen in 1990 . He did not , however , get the Civil Division of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2007 , suggested by Ferenc Gyurcsány , as it was refused by Hungarian President László Sólyom , who explicitly stated Horns views on the 1956 revolution as the reason . According to a survey in 2011 , Viktor Orbán was found to be Hungarys best prime minister since the transition to democracy , József Antall , the head of the first democratically elected government between 1990 and 1993 , came second while Horn and Gordon Bajnai ( 2009–10 ) tied for the third place . His role in 1956 . Although the fiscal austerity package under his rule eroded his popularity heavily , the most controversial part of his life is his role after the 1956 revolution , which started on 23 October and was crushed in the days following 4 November . At the end of October he joined the National Guard , the armed body of the revolution consisting soldiers , policemen , and civic freedom fighters . In December he joined the pufajkás brigades ( in German Steppjackenbrigade ) , a communist paramilitary body set up to help the invading Soviet troops restore the communist regime , and he served there until June 1957 . His alleged role is controversial in some circles because such squads were accused of involvement in torturing , harassing and even executing civilians during and after the uprising . According to him his elder brother was killed by the revolutionists during the uprising . However , his brothers death certificate states he died in a traffic accident in the countryside . His daughter was born on 30 October . The conditions were bad . The uprising released many criminals who endangered public safety . In the pufajkás squad I defended the legal order , he told German paper Die Welt 50 years later . First , I would like to make it clear that 1956 was not a fight against communism . Even the rebels did not want to wipe it out . This is incorrectly depicted today . Horns precise role in crushing the revolution is unclear as the reports of his brigade have gaps ; however , in 1957 he received the award For the Worker-Peasant Power , which was only granted to those whose services earned satisfaction . When decades later , already as a prime minister he was questioned and criticized over this part of his life , he only said : I was a pufajkás . So what ? Illness and death . In August 2007 , Horn was taken to hospital with severe disease . Reportedly he was treated at Honvéd Hospital of Budapest for a sleeping disorder , but other sources told he had a serious brain malformation . Later reported his condition worsened so much that he could not leave the hospital , and thus missed the World Political Forum which was held in Budapest , where former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev also participated . On 9 October 2007 , Hungarian daily newspaper Népszabadságs online version reported mistakenly that Gyula Horn died . As of 2008 , Gyula Horn was no longer able to recognise his family members and friends as he suffered from an illness similar to Alzheimers disease . There were also reports that Horn was in good physical condition despite the fact that he had lost significant weight . Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány was one of the last senior party officials , who visited him then . On 5 July 2011 , the day of Horns 79th birthday Népszava reported his health condition had not deteriorated but also not improved , remained stable . During this time influential MSZP leaders gave a toast to Horn on the occasion of his birthday . Horn became 80 years old on 5 July 2012 , when Prime Minister Viktor Orbán greeted him in a letter . He wrote , first of all we are Hungarians and we work towards prosperity of the nation based on our faith and the best of our knowledge . Therefore there are more links than divisions between us . The Hungarian Socialist Party also celebrated his round birthday . After years of struggling with his illness , he died on 19 June 2013 . He was survived by his wife and daughter , Anna , and son , Gyula Jr . Germanys Foreign Minister , Guido Westerwelle , said Horns courageous work as Hungarian foreign minister will remain unforgettable to us Germans . Reuters called Horn , whose picture taking a wire-cutter to the fence separating Hungary and Austria was iconic , the man who tore the iron curtain . Domestic recognition was hampered by his communist history , and commendations voted on by the Hungarian parliament were defeated on the occasions of his 70th and 75th birthdays . Attila Mesterházy , chairman of the Hungarian Socialist Party , sent a statement to news agency Magyar Távirati Iroda ( MTI ) in which he wrote that Horn will be remembered as the most defining leaders of the modern Hungarian left , one of the most successful prime ministers of Hungary and had made one of the greatest impacts on Europe during its sweeping changes over two decades ago . Horn played a key role in reviving the left and the Socialist party . Former PM Gyurcsány called Horn the most contradictory and most talented of politicians , and added in his Facebook entry : a great man has passed away . The government party Fidesz expressed condolences to Horns family and leadership of the Hungarian Socialist party . Politics Can Be Differents co-chair András Schiffer told MTI that Horn was one of the most important personalities of the post-communist Hungary and is one of the few politicians whose names are likely to go down in Hungarian history . Schiffer said that he could not identify with Horns politics and political relations before the transition to democracy in Hungary , but it must be acknowledged that Horn had shown real humanity towards ordinary people . Gordon Bajnai , leader of the Together 2014 , said that Hungary and Europe lost a true statesman . He added that Horn was a symbol of a peaceful and successful regime change , and , as prime minister , he had done much to help Hungary find an exit from the post-communist economic and social crisis . President János Áder also sent his condolences to Horns widow and children . Funeral . Horn received a state funeral with military honors and was buried at Fiume Road National Graveyard on 8 July 2013 . Thousands of people attended the funeral , many of whom laid red carnations beside the grave . European Parliament President Martin Schulz , former German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher , Hungarian President János Áder , former head of states László Sólyom and Pál Schmitt , Archbishop Péter Erdő and former house speaker Katalin Szili were also among the attendance , as well as representatives of the main parliamentary parties . Prime Minister Viktor Orbán , former prime ministers Péter Boross , Péter Medgyessy , Ferenc Gyurcsány and Gordon Bajnai , as well as party chairman Attila Mesterházy paid tribute to the memory of Gyula Horn . When Orbán bowed his head , some in the crowd booed at the prime minister . Socialist lawmaker Ferenc Baja , a former minister in the Horn government , said in a Facebook entry that this was derogative to the event . Béla Katona , who served as Speaker of the National Assembly from 2009 to 2010 , said the life of Gyula Horn itself encompassed the history of the twentieth century and he shaped the fate of both Hungary and Europe as a whole . Katona told Horn as a prime minister and a statesman remained an ordinary man nevertheless . He was not perfect , he made some bad decisions , but the good decisions outnumbered the bad ones . He was a successful man and a true statesman . Selected publications . - Baranyi , Mária : Egy előszoba titkai – Horn Gyula közelről 1994–1998 . Athenaeum Könyvkiadó , Budapest , 2010 . - Horn , Gyula : Cölöpök . Zenit Könyvek , Budapest , 1991 . - Horn , Gyula : Azok a kilencvenes évek... . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 1999 . - Kubinyi , Ferenc : Vaskorona . Edition Litfas , 1995 . - Pünkösti , Árpád : A Horn . Angyalföldtől a pártelnökségig 1932–1990 . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 2013 . - Szerdahelyi , Szabolcs : Hiányzó cölöpök – Ami a Horn Gyula életrajzból kimaradt . Kairosz Kiadó , Budapest , 2002 .
|
[
"Hungarian Socialist Party"
] |
easy
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Which political party did Gyula Horn belong to from 1989 to 2013?
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/wiki/Gyula_Horn#P102#2
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Gyula Horn Gyula Horn ( 5 July 1932 – 19 June 2013 ) was a Hungarian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary from 1994 to 1998 . Horn is remembered as the last Communist Foreign Minister of Hungary who played a major role in the demolishing of the Iron Curtain for East Germans in 1989 , contributing to the later unification of Germany , and for the Bokros package , the biggest fiscal austerity programme in post-communist Hungary , launched under his premiership , in 1995 . Early life and education . Horn was born in Budapest in 1932 as the third child of the transport worker Géza Horn who was of Jewish background and factory worker Anna Csörnyei . They lived in conditions of poverty at the so-called Barrack estate between Nagyicce and Sashalom . There were seven brothers in the family : filmmaker Géza ( 1925–1956 ) , Károly ( 1930–1946 ) , Tibor ( 1935 ) , Sándor ( 1939 ) , Tamás ( 1942 ) and Dénes ( 1944 ) . After the German occupation of Hungary , his father was kidnapped by the Gestapo due to communist activities in 1944 and never returned home . Gyula Horns niece is Szófia Havas ( b . Szófia Horn , 1955 ) , Member of Parliament between 2006 and 2010 , whose father Géza , Jr . was killed under unclear circumstances during the 1956 revolution . He first studied in a lower technicians school in Hungary . He graduated from the Rostov-on-Don College of Economics and Finance in 1954 . He finished the political academy of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) in 1970 . He received Candidate of Economic Sciences in 1977 . He married statistician Anna Király in February 1956 and had two children : Anna ( 1956 ) and Gyula , Jr . ( 1969 ) . Administration and party career . Communist Hungary . In 1954 Horn joined the Hungarian communist party , then called the Hungarian Working Peoples Party ( MDP ) . In November 1956 , he helped reorganize the MDP into the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party ( MSZMP ) , which under the leadership of János Kádár crushed the 1956 Hungarian revolution against Soviet occupation and communist rule . Horn worked in the Ministry of Finance from 1954 to 1959 . He got a job in the Foreign Ministry in 1959 , first as an official in the independent Soviet department . In the 1960s he was a diplomat in the Hungarian embassies in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . In 1969 Horn became an official in the foreign affairs department of the MSZMP Central Committee . By 1983 he rose to the rank of department head . In 1985 he was appointed secretary of state ( deputy minister ) in the Foreign Ministry . In 1989 he stepped forward to become foreign minister in the countrys last communist government led by Miklós Németh . By this time , Horn had become a prominent member of the partys reformist wing , which wanted to jettison the goulash Communism of Kádár in favour of Western-style democracy and a market economy . As a minister he was in charge of foreign affairs when Hungary decided to open the western border ( the Iron Curtain ) to East Germans wishing to emigrate to West Germany . He is often credited with having a major part in the decision and , consequently , a role in German unification . He and his Austrian counterpart Alois Mock posed for cameras on 27 June 1989 to cut through a barbed wire frontier fence , in a largely symbolic act of rapprochement which had been planned months before . As foreign minister he ordered the border to be opened to allow East Germans gathered in Hungary by the thousands to cross into Austria , and from there to West Germany . With this act he greatly contributed to the later unification of Germany . Within weeks tens of thousands of East Germans , who travelled to Hungary with tourist visas , headed straight for the unfortified border and walked into the West . Horn outraged his East German counterparts when he told them that international treaties on refugees took precedence over a 1969 agreement between Budapest and East Berlin limiting freedom of movement . The fall of East German communism and the process of German unification had been launched . With dizzying speed , communist governments in the region succumbed to popular uprisings and sheer fatigue . Within a few years , the Soviet Union itself had evaporated . Horn helped lead the transformation of the MSZMP into the Hungarian Socialist Party later in 1989 . As foreign minister he prepared and signed the Hungarian-Soviet troop withdrawal agreement in March 1990 . Among the politicians of the transitional era , including representatives of civil opposition , he was the first in Hungary who raised and suggested the issue of possible membership in NATO and the European Union . After communism . He was elected to Parliament in 1990 and retained a seat until the 2010 parliamentary election . The Socialists were roundly defeated in that election , taking only 33 seats . He served as Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs between 1990 and 1993 , until his resignation . Also in 1990 , he succeeded Rezső Nyers as chairman of the Socialist Party . Between 1990 and 1995 , he was a member of the Governing Board of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute ( SIPRI ) . He also functioned as one of the vice presidents of the Socialist International from 1996 to 2003 . Horn led the Socialists to a comprehensive victory in the 1994 parliamentary election . The MSZP leaped from a paltry 33 seats in 1990 to 209 , at the time the second-most that a Hungarian party has ever won in a free election . The size of the MSZP landslide took even Horn by surprise . Although the Socialists had more than enough seats to govern alone , Horn suspected hed have trouble getting needed reforms past his own partys left wing . He also wanted to allay concerns both inside and outside Hungary of a former Communist party winning an absolute majority . With this in mind , he went into coalition with the liberal Alliance of Free Democrats , giving him a two-thirds majority . A few days before election day , Horn and his convoy suffered a major car accident between Emőd and Nyékládháza on the way back from a campaign closing event from Miskolc ; Horn suffered a cervical fracture and was forced to wear a halo brace for months . In 1995 , Horns government enacted the Bokros package , a major austerity program . This was a difficult decision for a social democratic party , and Horn had to expend considerable effort to get most of his party to agree to it . Although Horn relinquished leadership of the party after the Socialists lost the 1998 election to Viktor Orbán and Fidesz , he was for a long time considered to have considerable influence in the party , partly because of his personal popularity among elderly voters . However , after 2002 he went into semi-retirement . The Medgyessy Cabinet appointed him Special Rapporteur for the European Union . He received second place in the election list of the MSZP during the 2004 European Parliament election in Hungary , however Horn stated before the election that would not become an MEP . Horn has received several awards for his achievements in foreign relations , among others the Charlemagne Award of the city of Aachen in 1990 . He did not , however , get the Civil Division of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2007 , suggested by Ferenc Gyurcsány , as it was refused by Hungarian President László Sólyom , who explicitly stated Horns views on the 1956 revolution as the reason . According to a survey in 2011 , Viktor Orbán was found to be Hungarys best prime minister since the transition to democracy , József Antall , the head of the first democratically elected government between 1990 and 1993 , came second while Horn and Gordon Bajnai ( 2009–10 ) tied for the third place . His role in 1956 . Although the fiscal austerity package under his rule eroded his popularity heavily , the most controversial part of his life is his role after the 1956 revolution , which started on 23 October and was crushed in the days following 4 November . At the end of October he joined the National Guard , the armed body of the revolution consisting soldiers , policemen , and civic freedom fighters . In December he joined the pufajkás brigades ( in German Steppjackenbrigade ) , a communist paramilitary body set up to help the invading Soviet troops restore the communist regime , and he served there until June 1957 . His alleged role is controversial in some circles because such squads were accused of involvement in torturing , harassing and even executing civilians during and after the uprising . According to him his elder brother was killed by the revolutionists during the uprising . However , his brothers death certificate states he died in a traffic accident in the countryside . His daughter was born on 30 October . The conditions were bad . The uprising released many criminals who endangered public safety . In the pufajkás squad I defended the legal order , he told German paper Die Welt 50 years later . First , I would like to make it clear that 1956 was not a fight against communism . Even the rebels did not want to wipe it out . This is incorrectly depicted today . Horns precise role in crushing the revolution is unclear as the reports of his brigade have gaps ; however , in 1957 he received the award For the Worker-Peasant Power , which was only granted to those whose services earned satisfaction . When decades later , already as a prime minister he was questioned and criticized over this part of his life , he only said : I was a pufajkás . So what ? Illness and death . In August 2007 , Horn was taken to hospital with severe disease . Reportedly he was treated at Honvéd Hospital of Budapest for a sleeping disorder , but other sources told he had a serious brain malformation . Later reported his condition worsened so much that he could not leave the hospital , and thus missed the World Political Forum which was held in Budapest , where former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev also participated . On 9 October 2007 , Hungarian daily newspaper Népszabadságs online version reported mistakenly that Gyula Horn died . As of 2008 , Gyula Horn was no longer able to recognise his family members and friends as he suffered from an illness similar to Alzheimers disease . There were also reports that Horn was in good physical condition despite the fact that he had lost significant weight . Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány was one of the last senior party officials , who visited him then . On 5 July 2011 , the day of Horns 79th birthday Népszava reported his health condition had not deteriorated but also not improved , remained stable . During this time influential MSZP leaders gave a toast to Horn on the occasion of his birthday . Horn became 80 years old on 5 July 2012 , when Prime Minister Viktor Orbán greeted him in a letter . He wrote , first of all we are Hungarians and we work towards prosperity of the nation based on our faith and the best of our knowledge . Therefore there are more links than divisions between us . The Hungarian Socialist Party also celebrated his round birthday . After years of struggling with his illness , he died on 19 June 2013 . He was survived by his wife and daughter , Anna , and son , Gyula Jr . Germanys Foreign Minister , Guido Westerwelle , said Horns courageous work as Hungarian foreign minister will remain unforgettable to us Germans . Reuters called Horn , whose picture taking a wire-cutter to the fence separating Hungary and Austria was iconic , the man who tore the iron curtain . Domestic recognition was hampered by his communist history , and commendations voted on by the Hungarian parliament were defeated on the occasions of his 70th and 75th birthdays . Attila Mesterházy , chairman of the Hungarian Socialist Party , sent a statement to news agency Magyar Távirati Iroda ( MTI ) in which he wrote that Horn will be remembered as the most defining leaders of the modern Hungarian left , one of the most successful prime ministers of Hungary and had made one of the greatest impacts on Europe during its sweeping changes over two decades ago . Horn played a key role in reviving the left and the Socialist party . Former PM Gyurcsány called Horn the most contradictory and most talented of politicians , and added in his Facebook entry : a great man has passed away . The government party Fidesz expressed condolences to Horns family and leadership of the Hungarian Socialist party . Politics Can Be Differents co-chair András Schiffer told MTI that Horn was one of the most important personalities of the post-communist Hungary and is one of the few politicians whose names are likely to go down in Hungarian history . Schiffer said that he could not identify with Horns politics and political relations before the transition to democracy in Hungary , but it must be acknowledged that Horn had shown real humanity towards ordinary people . Gordon Bajnai , leader of the Together 2014 , said that Hungary and Europe lost a true statesman . He added that Horn was a symbol of a peaceful and successful regime change , and , as prime minister , he had done much to help Hungary find an exit from the post-communist economic and social crisis . President János Áder also sent his condolences to Horns widow and children . Funeral . Horn received a state funeral with military honors and was buried at Fiume Road National Graveyard on 8 July 2013 . Thousands of people attended the funeral , many of whom laid red carnations beside the grave . European Parliament President Martin Schulz , former German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher , Hungarian President János Áder , former head of states László Sólyom and Pál Schmitt , Archbishop Péter Erdő and former house speaker Katalin Szili were also among the attendance , as well as representatives of the main parliamentary parties . Prime Minister Viktor Orbán , former prime ministers Péter Boross , Péter Medgyessy , Ferenc Gyurcsány and Gordon Bajnai , as well as party chairman Attila Mesterházy paid tribute to the memory of Gyula Horn . When Orbán bowed his head , some in the crowd booed at the prime minister . Socialist lawmaker Ferenc Baja , a former minister in the Horn government , said in a Facebook entry that this was derogative to the event . Béla Katona , who served as Speaker of the National Assembly from 2009 to 2010 , said the life of Gyula Horn itself encompassed the history of the twentieth century and he shaped the fate of both Hungary and Europe as a whole . Katona told Horn as a prime minister and a statesman remained an ordinary man nevertheless . He was not perfect , he made some bad decisions , but the good decisions outnumbered the bad ones . He was a successful man and a true statesman . Selected publications . - Baranyi , Mária : Egy előszoba titkai – Horn Gyula közelről 1994–1998 . Athenaeum Könyvkiadó , Budapest , 2010 . - Horn , Gyula : Cölöpök . Zenit Könyvek , Budapest , 1991 . - Horn , Gyula : Azok a kilencvenes évek... . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 1999 . - Kubinyi , Ferenc : Vaskorona . Edition Litfas , 1995 . - Pünkösti , Árpád : A Horn . Angyalföldtől a pártelnökségig 1932–1990 . Kossuth Kiadó , Budapest , 2013 . - Szerdahelyi , Szabolcs : Hiányzó cölöpök – Ami a Horn Gyula életrajzból kimaradt . Kairosz Kiadó , Budapest , 2002 .
|
[
"Minister of Justice"
] |
easy
|
What was the position of Edgar Faure from 1951 to 1955?
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/wiki/Edgar_Faure#P39#0
|
Edgar Faure Edgar Faure ( ; 18 August 1908 – 30 March 1988 ) was a French politician , essayist , historian , and memoirist . Life . Faure was born in Béziers , Languedoc-Roussillon , to a French army doctor . He was nearsighted yet a brilliant student since his youth , earning a baccalauréat at 15 , and a law degree at 19 in Paris . At 21 years of age he became a member of the bar association , the youngest lawyer in France to do so at the time . While living in Paris , he became active in Third Republic politics , and he joined the Radical Party . During the German occupation of World War II , he joined the French Resistance in the Maquis , and in 1942 , he fled to Charles de Gaulles headquarters in Algiers , where he was made head of the Provisional Government of the Republics legislative department . At the end of the war , he served as French counsel for the prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials . In 1946 , he was elected to the French Parliament as a Radical . While the popularity of his party declined to less than 10% of the total vote , none of the other parties was able to gain a clear majority . Therefore , early on , his party often played a disproportionately important role in the formation of French governments , and he even led the cabinet in 1952 and from 1955 to 1956 . Faure was a leader of the more conservative wing of the party , opposing the partys left , under Pierre Mendès-France . Faures views changed during the Fourth Republic , and after initial opposition to the Fifth Republic ( he voted against presidential election by universal suffrage in the 1962 referendum ) , he eventually became a Gaullist . De Gaulles party , the Union for the New Republic , sent him on an unofficial mission to the Peoples Republic of China in 1963 . In government he served in successive ministries : Agriculture ( 1966–1968 ) , National Education ( 1968–1969 , where he was responsible for pushing through reform of the universities ) , and Social Affairs ( 1972–1973 ) . He declined to be a candidate at the 1974 presidential election , but supported Valéry Giscard dEstaing against the Gaullist candidate , Jacques Chaban-Delmas . He had the reputation of a careerist and the nickname of weathercock . He replied with humour , it is not the weathercock which turns ; it is the wind ! He was a member of the National Assembly for the département of Jura from 1946 to 1958 , and for the départment of Doubs from 1967 to 1980 . He presided over the French National Assembly from 1973 to 1978 . He sought another term as Assembly President in 1978 but was defeated by Chaban-Delmas . Faure was a senator from 1959 to 1967 for Jura and again , in 1980 , for Doubs . In 1978 , he became a member of the Académie française . On the regional , departmental and local levels , Edgar Faure was mayor of Port-Lesney ( Jura ) from 1947 to 1971 and from 1983 to 1988 and the mayor of Pontarlier between 1971 and 1977 ; he served as president of the General Council of the Jura départment from 1949 to 1967 , then member of the General Council of the Doubs from 1967 to 1979 , president of the council of the Franche-Comté région ( 1974–1981 , 1982–1988 ) . He played a key role during the creation and first years of the Assembly of European Regions ( AER ) , becoming his first president in 1985 and staying in that position until 1988 . He was buried at Cimetière de Passy , Paris . Personal life . In 1931 , Faure married writer Lucie Meyer , a daughter of a silk merchant . They spent their one-month-long honeymoon in the Soviet Union . Political career . Governmental functions - President of the council ( prime minister ) : January–February 1952 / February–December 1955 - Secretary of State for Finances : 1949–1950 - Minister of Budget : 1950–1951 - Minister of Justice : 1951–1952 - Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs : 1953–1955 - Minister of Foreign Affairs : January–February 1955 - Minister of Finance , Economic Affairs and Planning : May–June 1958 - Minister of Agriculture : 1966–1968 - Minister of National Education : 1968–1969 - Minister of State , Minister of Social Affairs : 1972–1973 Electoral mandates - President of the National Assembly of France : 1973–1978 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Doubs : Elected in 1967 , 1968 , but he remains minister / 1973–1980 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Jura : 1946–1958 - Senator of the Jura ( departement ) : 1959–1966 ( Became minister in 1966 ) - Senator of the Doubs : 1980–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - President of the Regional Council of Franche-Comté : 1974–1981 / 1982–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Port-Lesney : 1947–1970 / 1983–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Pontarlier : 1971–1977 - President of the General council of the Jura : 1949–1967 - General councillor of the Jura ( departement ) : 1967–1979 Bibliography . He published the following books : - Le serpent et la tortue ( les problèmes de la Chine populaire ) , Juillard , 1957 - La disgrâce de Turgot , Gallimard , 1961 - La capitation de Dioclétien , Sirey 1961 - Prévoir le présent , Gallimard , 1966 - Léducation nationale et la participation , Plon , 1968 - Philosophie dune réforme , Plon , 1969 - Lâme du combat , Fayard , 1969 - Ce que je crois , Grasset , 1971 - Pour un nouveau contrat social , Seuil , 1973 - Au-delà du dialogue avec Philippe Sollers , Balland , 1977 - La banqueroute de Law , Gallimard , 1977 - La philosophie de Karl Popper et la société politique douverture , Firmin Didot , 1981 - Pascal : le procès des provinciales , Firmin Didot , 1930 - Le pétrole dans la paix et dans la guerre , Nouvelle revue critique 1938 - Mémoires I , Avoir toujours raison , cest un grand tort , Plon , 1982 - Mémoires II , Si tel doit être mon destin ce soir , Plon , 1984 - Discours prononcé pour la réception de Senghor à lAcadémie française , le 29 mars 1984 Governments . First ministry ( 20 January – 8 March 1952 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council and Minister of Finance - Georges Bidault – Vice President of the Council and Minister of National Defense - Henri Queuille – Vice President of the Council - Robert Schuman – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister for the Council of Europe - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Armaments - Charles Brune – Minister of the Interior - Robert Buron – Minister of Economic Affairs and Information - Pierre Courant – Minister of Budget - Jean-Marie Louvel – Minister of Industry and Energy - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Léon Martinaud-Deplat – Minister of Justice - André Morice – Minister of Merchant Marine - Pierre-Olivier Lapie – Minister of National Education - Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Camille Laurens – Minister of Agriculture - Louis Jacquinot – Minister of Overseas France - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Paul Ribeyre – Minister of Public Health and Population - Eugène Claudius-Petit – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning - Roger Duchet – Minister of Posts , Telegraphs , and Telephones - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Commerce - Jean Letourneau – Minister of Partner States - Joseph Laniel – Minister of State - François Mitterrand – Minister of State Second ministry ( 23 February 1955 – 1 February 1956 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Koenig – Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of the Interior - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs - André Morice – Minister of Commerce and Industry - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Robert Schuman – Minister of Justice - Paul Antier – Minister of Merchant Marine - Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education - Raymond Triboulet – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Jean Sourbet – Minister of Agriculture - Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of Overseas France - Édouard Corniglion-Molinier – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Bernard Lafay – Minister of Public Health and Population - Roger Duchet – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Posts - Pierre July – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs Changes - 6 October 1955 – Pierre Billotte succeeds Koenig as Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces . Vincent Badie succeeds Triboulet as Minister of Veterans and War Victims . - 20 October 1955 – Pierre July leaves the Cabinet and the office of Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs is abolished . - 1 December 1955 – Edgar Faure succeeds Bourgès-Maunoury as interim Minister of the Interior .
|
[
"Minister of Foreign Affairs",
"Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs"
] |
easy
|
Which position did Edgar Faure hold in 1955?
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/wiki/Edgar_Faure#P39#1
|
Edgar Faure Edgar Faure ( ; 18 August 1908 – 30 March 1988 ) was a French politician , essayist , historian , and memoirist . Life . Faure was born in Béziers , Languedoc-Roussillon , to a French army doctor . He was nearsighted yet a brilliant student since his youth , earning a baccalauréat at 15 , and a law degree at 19 in Paris . At 21 years of age he became a member of the bar association , the youngest lawyer in France to do so at the time . While living in Paris , he became active in Third Republic politics , and he joined the Radical Party . During the German occupation of World War II , he joined the French Resistance in the Maquis , and in 1942 , he fled to Charles de Gaulles headquarters in Algiers , where he was made head of the Provisional Government of the Republics legislative department . At the end of the war , he served as French counsel for the prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials . In 1946 , he was elected to the French Parliament as a Radical . While the popularity of his party declined to less than 10% of the total vote , none of the other parties was able to gain a clear majority . Therefore , early on , his party often played a disproportionately important role in the formation of French governments , and he even led the cabinet in 1952 and from 1955 to 1956 . Faure was a leader of the more conservative wing of the party , opposing the partys left , under Pierre Mendès-France . Faures views changed during the Fourth Republic , and after initial opposition to the Fifth Republic ( he voted against presidential election by universal suffrage in the 1962 referendum ) , he eventually became a Gaullist . De Gaulles party , the Union for the New Republic , sent him on an unofficial mission to the Peoples Republic of China in 1963 . In government he served in successive ministries : Agriculture ( 1966–1968 ) , National Education ( 1968–1969 , where he was responsible for pushing through reform of the universities ) , and Social Affairs ( 1972–1973 ) . He declined to be a candidate at the 1974 presidential election , but supported Valéry Giscard dEstaing against the Gaullist candidate , Jacques Chaban-Delmas . He had the reputation of a careerist and the nickname of weathercock . He replied with humour , it is not the weathercock which turns ; it is the wind ! He was a member of the National Assembly for the département of Jura from 1946 to 1958 , and for the départment of Doubs from 1967 to 1980 . He presided over the French National Assembly from 1973 to 1978 . He sought another term as Assembly President in 1978 but was defeated by Chaban-Delmas . Faure was a senator from 1959 to 1967 for Jura and again , in 1980 , for Doubs . In 1978 , he became a member of the Académie française . On the regional , departmental and local levels , Edgar Faure was mayor of Port-Lesney ( Jura ) from 1947 to 1971 and from 1983 to 1988 and the mayor of Pontarlier between 1971 and 1977 ; he served as president of the General Council of the Jura départment from 1949 to 1967 , then member of the General Council of the Doubs from 1967 to 1979 , president of the council of the Franche-Comté région ( 1974–1981 , 1982–1988 ) . He played a key role during the creation and first years of the Assembly of European Regions ( AER ) , becoming his first president in 1985 and staying in that position until 1988 . He was buried at Cimetière de Passy , Paris . Personal life . In 1931 , Faure married writer Lucie Meyer , a daughter of a silk merchant . They spent their one-month-long honeymoon in the Soviet Union . Political career . Governmental functions - President of the council ( prime minister ) : January–February 1952 / February–December 1955 - Secretary of State for Finances : 1949–1950 - Minister of Budget : 1950–1951 - Minister of Justice : 1951–1952 - Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs : 1953–1955 - Minister of Foreign Affairs : January–February 1955 - Minister of Finance , Economic Affairs and Planning : May–June 1958 - Minister of Agriculture : 1966–1968 - Minister of National Education : 1968–1969 - Minister of State , Minister of Social Affairs : 1972–1973 Electoral mandates - President of the National Assembly of France : 1973–1978 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Doubs : Elected in 1967 , 1968 , but he remains minister / 1973–1980 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Jura : 1946–1958 - Senator of the Jura ( departement ) : 1959–1966 ( Became minister in 1966 ) - Senator of the Doubs : 1980–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - President of the Regional Council of Franche-Comté : 1974–1981 / 1982–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Port-Lesney : 1947–1970 / 1983–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Pontarlier : 1971–1977 - President of the General council of the Jura : 1949–1967 - General councillor of the Jura ( departement ) : 1967–1979 Bibliography . He published the following books : - Le serpent et la tortue ( les problèmes de la Chine populaire ) , Juillard , 1957 - La disgrâce de Turgot , Gallimard , 1961 - La capitation de Dioclétien , Sirey 1961 - Prévoir le présent , Gallimard , 1966 - Léducation nationale et la participation , Plon , 1968 - Philosophie dune réforme , Plon , 1969 - Lâme du combat , Fayard , 1969 - Ce que je crois , Grasset , 1971 - Pour un nouveau contrat social , Seuil , 1973 - Au-delà du dialogue avec Philippe Sollers , Balland , 1977 - La banqueroute de Law , Gallimard , 1977 - La philosophie de Karl Popper et la société politique douverture , Firmin Didot , 1981 - Pascal : le procès des provinciales , Firmin Didot , 1930 - Le pétrole dans la paix et dans la guerre , Nouvelle revue critique 1938 - Mémoires I , Avoir toujours raison , cest un grand tort , Plon , 1982 - Mémoires II , Si tel doit être mon destin ce soir , Plon , 1984 - Discours prononcé pour la réception de Senghor à lAcadémie française , le 29 mars 1984 Governments . First ministry ( 20 January – 8 March 1952 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council and Minister of Finance - Georges Bidault – Vice President of the Council and Minister of National Defense - Henri Queuille – Vice President of the Council - Robert Schuman – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister for the Council of Europe - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Armaments - Charles Brune – Minister of the Interior - Robert Buron – Minister of Economic Affairs and Information - Pierre Courant – Minister of Budget - Jean-Marie Louvel – Minister of Industry and Energy - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Léon Martinaud-Deplat – Minister of Justice - André Morice – Minister of Merchant Marine - Pierre-Olivier Lapie – Minister of National Education - Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Camille Laurens – Minister of Agriculture - Louis Jacquinot – Minister of Overseas France - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Paul Ribeyre – Minister of Public Health and Population - Eugène Claudius-Petit – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning - Roger Duchet – Minister of Posts , Telegraphs , and Telephones - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Commerce - Jean Letourneau – Minister of Partner States - Joseph Laniel – Minister of State - François Mitterrand – Minister of State Second ministry ( 23 February 1955 – 1 February 1956 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Koenig – Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of the Interior - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs - André Morice – Minister of Commerce and Industry - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Robert Schuman – Minister of Justice - Paul Antier – Minister of Merchant Marine - Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education - Raymond Triboulet – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Jean Sourbet – Minister of Agriculture - Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of Overseas France - Édouard Corniglion-Molinier – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Bernard Lafay – Minister of Public Health and Population - Roger Duchet – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Posts - Pierre July – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs Changes - 6 October 1955 – Pierre Billotte succeeds Koenig as Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces . Vincent Badie succeeds Triboulet as Minister of Veterans and War Victims . - 20 October 1955 – Pierre July leaves the Cabinet and the office of Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs is abolished . - 1 December 1955 – Edgar Faure succeeds Bourgès-Maunoury as interim Minister of the Interior .
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"President of the council"
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What was the position of Edgar Faure from Feb 1955 to 1956?
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/wiki/Edgar_Faure#P39#2
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Edgar Faure Edgar Faure ( ; 18 August 1908 – 30 March 1988 ) was a French politician , essayist , historian , and memoirist . Life . Faure was born in Béziers , Languedoc-Roussillon , to a French army doctor . He was nearsighted yet a brilliant student since his youth , earning a baccalauréat at 15 , and a law degree at 19 in Paris . At 21 years of age he became a member of the bar association , the youngest lawyer in France to do so at the time . While living in Paris , he became active in Third Republic politics , and he joined the Radical Party . During the German occupation of World War II , he joined the French Resistance in the Maquis , and in 1942 , he fled to Charles de Gaulles headquarters in Algiers , where he was made head of the Provisional Government of the Republics legislative department . At the end of the war , he served as French counsel for the prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials . In 1946 , he was elected to the French Parliament as a Radical . While the popularity of his party declined to less than 10% of the total vote , none of the other parties was able to gain a clear majority . Therefore , early on , his party often played a disproportionately important role in the formation of French governments , and he even led the cabinet in 1952 and from 1955 to 1956 . Faure was a leader of the more conservative wing of the party , opposing the partys left , under Pierre Mendès-France . Faures views changed during the Fourth Republic , and after initial opposition to the Fifth Republic ( he voted against presidential election by universal suffrage in the 1962 referendum ) , he eventually became a Gaullist . De Gaulles party , the Union for the New Republic , sent him on an unofficial mission to the Peoples Republic of China in 1963 . In government he served in successive ministries : Agriculture ( 1966–1968 ) , National Education ( 1968–1969 , where he was responsible for pushing through reform of the universities ) , and Social Affairs ( 1972–1973 ) . He declined to be a candidate at the 1974 presidential election , but supported Valéry Giscard dEstaing against the Gaullist candidate , Jacques Chaban-Delmas . He had the reputation of a careerist and the nickname of weathercock . He replied with humour , it is not the weathercock which turns ; it is the wind ! He was a member of the National Assembly for the département of Jura from 1946 to 1958 , and for the départment of Doubs from 1967 to 1980 . He presided over the French National Assembly from 1973 to 1978 . He sought another term as Assembly President in 1978 but was defeated by Chaban-Delmas . Faure was a senator from 1959 to 1967 for Jura and again , in 1980 , for Doubs . In 1978 , he became a member of the Académie française . On the regional , departmental and local levels , Edgar Faure was mayor of Port-Lesney ( Jura ) from 1947 to 1971 and from 1983 to 1988 and the mayor of Pontarlier between 1971 and 1977 ; he served as president of the General Council of the Jura départment from 1949 to 1967 , then member of the General Council of the Doubs from 1967 to 1979 , president of the council of the Franche-Comté région ( 1974–1981 , 1982–1988 ) . He played a key role during the creation and first years of the Assembly of European Regions ( AER ) , becoming his first president in 1985 and staying in that position until 1988 . He was buried at Cimetière de Passy , Paris . Personal life . In 1931 , Faure married writer Lucie Meyer , a daughter of a silk merchant . They spent their one-month-long honeymoon in the Soviet Union . Political career . Governmental functions - President of the council ( prime minister ) : January–February 1952 / February–December 1955 - Secretary of State for Finances : 1949–1950 - Minister of Budget : 1950–1951 - Minister of Justice : 1951–1952 - Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs : 1953–1955 - Minister of Foreign Affairs : January–February 1955 - Minister of Finance , Economic Affairs and Planning : May–June 1958 - Minister of Agriculture : 1966–1968 - Minister of National Education : 1968–1969 - Minister of State , Minister of Social Affairs : 1972–1973 Electoral mandates - President of the National Assembly of France : 1973–1978 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Doubs : Elected in 1967 , 1968 , but he remains minister / 1973–1980 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Jura : 1946–1958 - Senator of the Jura ( departement ) : 1959–1966 ( Became minister in 1966 ) - Senator of the Doubs : 1980–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - President of the Regional Council of Franche-Comté : 1974–1981 / 1982–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Port-Lesney : 1947–1970 / 1983–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Pontarlier : 1971–1977 - President of the General council of the Jura : 1949–1967 - General councillor of the Jura ( departement ) : 1967–1979 Bibliography . He published the following books : - Le serpent et la tortue ( les problèmes de la Chine populaire ) , Juillard , 1957 - La disgrâce de Turgot , Gallimard , 1961 - La capitation de Dioclétien , Sirey 1961 - Prévoir le présent , Gallimard , 1966 - Léducation nationale et la participation , Plon , 1968 - Philosophie dune réforme , Plon , 1969 - Lâme du combat , Fayard , 1969 - Ce que je crois , Grasset , 1971 - Pour un nouveau contrat social , Seuil , 1973 - Au-delà du dialogue avec Philippe Sollers , Balland , 1977 - La banqueroute de Law , Gallimard , 1977 - La philosophie de Karl Popper et la société politique douverture , Firmin Didot , 1981 - Pascal : le procès des provinciales , Firmin Didot , 1930 - Le pétrole dans la paix et dans la guerre , Nouvelle revue critique 1938 - Mémoires I , Avoir toujours raison , cest un grand tort , Plon , 1982 - Mémoires II , Si tel doit être mon destin ce soir , Plon , 1984 - Discours prononcé pour la réception de Senghor à lAcadémie française , le 29 mars 1984 Governments . First ministry ( 20 January – 8 March 1952 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council and Minister of Finance - Georges Bidault – Vice President of the Council and Minister of National Defense - Henri Queuille – Vice President of the Council - Robert Schuman – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister for the Council of Europe - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Armaments - Charles Brune – Minister of the Interior - Robert Buron – Minister of Economic Affairs and Information - Pierre Courant – Minister of Budget - Jean-Marie Louvel – Minister of Industry and Energy - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Léon Martinaud-Deplat – Minister of Justice - André Morice – Minister of Merchant Marine - Pierre-Olivier Lapie – Minister of National Education - Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Camille Laurens – Minister of Agriculture - Louis Jacquinot – Minister of Overseas France - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Paul Ribeyre – Minister of Public Health and Population - Eugène Claudius-Petit – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning - Roger Duchet – Minister of Posts , Telegraphs , and Telephones - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Commerce - Jean Letourneau – Minister of Partner States - Joseph Laniel – Minister of State - François Mitterrand – Minister of State Second ministry ( 23 February 1955 – 1 February 1956 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Koenig – Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of the Interior - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs - André Morice – Minister of Commerce and Industry - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Robert Schuman – Minister of Justice - Paul Antier – Minister of Merchant Marine - Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education - Raymond Triboulet – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Jean Sourbet – Minister of Agriculture - Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of Overseas France - Édouard Corniglion-Molinier – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Bernard Lafay – Minister of Public Health and Population - Roger Duchet – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Posts - Pierre July – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs Changes - 6 October 1955 – Pierre Billotte succeeds Koenig as Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces . Vincent Badie succeeds Triboulet as Minister of Veterans and War Victims . - 20 October 1955 – Pierre July leaves the Cabinet and the office of Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs is abolished . - 1 December 1955 – Edgar Faure succeeds Bourgès-Maunoury as interim Minister of the Interior .
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Which position did Edgar Faure hold in 1956?
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/wiki/Edgar_Faure#P39#3
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Edgar Faure Edgar Faure ( ; 18 August 1908 – 30 March 1988 ) was a French politician , essayist , historian , and memoirist . Life . Faure was born in Béziers , Languedoc-Roussillon , to a French army doctor . He was nearsighted yet a brilliant student since his youth , earning a baccalauréat at 15 , and a law degree at 19 in Paris . At 21 years of age he became a member of the bar association , the youngest lawyer in France to do so at the time . While living in Paris , he became active in Third Republic politics , and he joined the Radical Party . During the German occupation of World War II , he joined the French Resistance in the Maquis , and in 1942 , he fled to Charles de Gaulles headquarters in Algiers , where he was made head of the Provisional Government of the Republics legislative department . At the end of the war , he served as French counsel for the prosecution at the Nuremberg Trials . In 1946 , he was elected to the French Parliament as a Radical . While the popularity of his party declined to less than 10% of the total vote , none of the other parties was able to gain a clear majority . Therefore , early on , his party often played a disproportionately important role in the formation of French governments , and he even led the cabinet in 1952 and from 1955 to 1956 . Faure was a leader of the more conservative wing of the party , opposing the partys left , under Pierre Mendès-France . Faures views changed during the Fourth Republic , and after initial opposition to the Fifth Republic ( he voted against presidential election by universal suffrage in the 1962 referendum ) , he eventually became a Gaullist . De Gaulles party , the Union for the New Republic , sent him on an unofficial mission to the Peoples Republic of China in 1963 . In government he served in successive ministries : Agriculture ( 1966–1968 ) , National Education ( 1968–1969 , where he was responsible for pushing through reform of the universities ) , and Social Affairs ( 1972–1973 ) . He declined to be a candidate at the 1974 presidential election , but supported Valéry Giscard dEstaing against the Gaullist candidate , Jacques Chaban-Delmas . He had the reputation of a careerist and the nickname of weathercock . He replied with humour , it is not the weathercock which turns ; it is the wind ! He was a member of the National Assembly for the département of Jura from 1946 to 1958 , and for the départment of Doubs from 1967 to 1980 . He presided over the French National Assembly from 1973 to 1978 . He sought another term as Assembly President in 1978 but was defeated by Chaban-Delmas . Faure was a senator from 1959 to 1967 for Jura and again , in 1980 , for Doubs . In 1978 , he became a member of the Académie française . On the regional , departmental and local levels , Edgar Faure was mayor of Port-Lesney ( Jura ) from 1947 to 1971 and from 1983 to 1988 and the mayor of Pontarlier between 1971 and 1977 ; he served as president of the General Council of the Jura départment from 1949 to 1967 , then member of the General Council of the Doubs from 1967 to 1979 , president of the council of the Franche-Comté région ( 1974–1981 , 1982–1988 ) . He played a key role during the creation and first years of the Assembly of European Regions ( AER ) , becoming his first president in 1985 and staying in that position until 1988 . He was buried at Cimetière de Passy , Paris . Personal life . In 1931 , Faure married writer Lucie Meyer , a daughter of a silk merchant . They spent their one-month-long honeymoon in the Soviet Union . Political career . Governmental functions - President of the council ( prime minister ) : January–February 1952 / February–December 1955 - Secretary of State for Finances : 1949–1950 - Minister of Budget : 1950–1951 - Minister of Justice : 1951–1952 - Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs : 1953–1955 - Minister of Foreign Affairs : January–February 1955 - Minister of Finance , Economic Affairs and Planning : May–June 1958 - Minister of Agriculture : 1966–1968 - Minister of National Education : 1968–1969 - Minister of State , Minister of Social Affairs : 1972–1973 Electoral mandates - President of the National Assembly of France : 1973–1978 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Doubs : Elected in 1967 , 1968 , but he remains minister / 1973–1980 - Member of the National Assembly of France for Jura : 1946–1958 - Senator of the Jura ( departement ) : 1959–1966 ( Became minister in 1966 ) - Senator of the Doubs : 1980–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - President of the Regional Council of Franche-Comté : 1974–1981 / 1982–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Port-Lesney : 1947–1970 / 1983–1988 ( He died in 1988 ) - Mayor of Pontarlier : 1971–1977 - President of the General council of the Jura : 1949–1967 - General councillor of the Jura ( departement ) : 1967–1979 Bibliography . He published the following books : - Le serpent et la tortue ( les problèmes de la Chine populaire ) , Juillard , 1957 - La disgrâce de Turgot , Gallimard , 1961 - La capitation de Dioclétien , Sirey 1961 - Prévoir le présent , Gallimard , 1966 - Léducation nationale et la participation , Plon , 1968 - Philosophie dune réforme , Plon , 1969 - Lâme du combat , Fayard , 1969 - Ce que je crois , Grasset , 1971 - Pour un nouveau contrat social , Seuil , 1973 - Au-delà du dialogue avec Philippe Sollers , Balland , 1977 - La banqueroute de Law , Gallimard , 1977 - La philosophie de Karl Popper et la société politique douverture , Firmin Didot , 1981 - Pascal : le procès des provinciales , Firmin Didot , 1930 - Le pétrole dans la paix et dans la guerre , Nouvelle revue critique 1938 - Mémoires I , Avoir toujours raison , cest un grand tort , Plon , 1982 - Mémoires II , Si tel doit être mon destin ce soir , Plon , 1984 - Discours prononcé pour la réception de Senghor à lAcadémie française , le 29 mars 1984 Governments . First ministry ( 20 January – 8 March 1952 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council and Minister of Finance - Georges Bidault – Vice President of the Council and Minister of National Defense - Henri Queuille – Vice President of the Council - Robert Schuman – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister for the Council of Europe - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of Armaments - Charles Brune – Minister of the Interior - Robert Buron – Minister of Economic Affairs and Information - Pierre Courant – Minister of Budget - Jean-Marie Louvel – Minister of Industry and Energy - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Léon Martinaud-Deplat – Minister of Justice - André Morice – Minister of Merchant Marine - Pierre-Olivier Lapie – Minister of National Education - Emmanuel Temple – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Camille Laurens – Minister of Agriculture - Louis Jacquinot – Minister of Overseas France - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Paul Ribeyre – Minister of Public Health and Population - Eugène Claudius-Petit – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning - Roger Duchet – Minister of Posts , Telegraphs , and Telephones - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Commerce - Jean Letourneau – Minister of Partner States - Joseph Laniel – Minister of State - François Mitterrand – Minister of State Second ministry ( 23 February 1955 – 1 February 1956 ) . - Edgar Faure – President of the Council - Antoine Pinay – Minister of Foreign Affairs - Pierre Koenig – Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces - Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury – Minister of the Interior - Pierre Pflimlin – Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs - André Morice – Minister of Commerce and Industry - Paul Bacon – Minister of Labour and Social Security - Robert Schuman – Minister of Justice - Paul Antier – Minister of Merchant Marine - Jean Berthoin – Minister of National Education - Raymond Triboulet – Minister of Veterans and War Victims - Jean Sourbet – Minister of Agriculture - Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of Overseas France - Édouard Corniglion-Molinier – Minister of Public Works , Transport , and Tourism - Bernard Lafay – Minister of Public Health and Population - Roger Duchet – Minister of Reconstruction and Housing - Édouard Bonnefous – Minister of Posts - Pierre July – Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs Changes - 6 October 1955 – Pierre Billotte succeeds Koenig as Minister of National Defense and Armed Forces . Vincent Badie succeeds Triboulet as Minister of Veterans and War Victims . - 20 October 1955 – Pierre July leaves the Cabinet and the office of Minister of Moroccan and Tunisian Affairs is abolished . - 1 December 1955 – Edgar Faure succeeds Bourgès-Maunoury as interim Minister of the Interior .
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"Under-Secretary of State"
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What was the position of Benita Ferrero-Waldner from May 1995 to Feb 2000?
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/wiki/Benita_Ferrero-Waldner#P39#0
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Benita Ferrero-Waldner Benita Ferrero-Waldner ( born 5 September 1948 ) is an Austrian diplomat and politician , and a member of the conservative Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) . Ferrero-Waldner served as the Foreign Minister of Austria 2000–2004 and was the candidate of the Austrian Peoples Party in the 2004 Austrian presidential election , which she narrowly lost with 47.6% of the votes . She served as the European Commissioner for External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2004 to 2009 , and as the European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2009 to 2010 . Early life and education . Born in Salzburg , Waldner took her matura exams in 1966 and then studied law , receiving a doctorate from the University of Salzburg in 1970 . Career . Until 1983 Waldner worked in the private sector . Only in 1984 did she enter the diplomatic service . One of her most influential positions was Chef de protocole for Secretary General Boutros-Ghali at the UN in New York City . From 1995 until 2000 Ferrero-Waldner served as Under-Secretary of State in two governments led by Social Democrats Franz Vranitzky and Viktor Klima . When Wolfgang Schüssel became Chancellor of Austria early in 2000 he made Ferrero-Waldner his Minister for Foreign Affairs , a position she held until October 2004 , when she was succeeded by Ursula Plassnik . In January 2004 it was announced that Ferrero-Waldner would run for Federal President to succeed Thomas Klestil in July 2004 . Her candidature was supported by the Austrian Peoples Party ; her only opponent was Heinz Fischer . However , she lost the election on 25 April . Member of the European Commission , 2004–2010 . In late July 2004 Ferrero-Waldner was nominated the successor of Franz Fischler as Austrias European Commissioner . She took office on 22 November . Her portfolio was Foreign Affairs and European Neighbourhood Policy . As the EUs External Affairs Commissioner , Ferrero-Waldner is credited with being the key diplomat in the 24 July 2007 release of 5 Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor imprisoned by Libya . They had been held more than 8 years on charges of purposefully infecting children with HIV , and have continued to profess their innocence . The commissioner made many trips to Libya and met with the prisoners regularly . She also worked to improve conditions for children infected with HIV/Aids . Life after politics . In September 2009 Ferrero-Waldner ran for the post of UNESCO Director-General but lost to the Bulgarian candidate Irina Bokova . Since leaving politics , she has held a variety of paid and unpaid positions , including the following : - Munich Re , Member of the Supervisory Board ( since 2010 ) - United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of Trafficking in Persons , President of the Board of Trustees ( 2017–2020 ) - European Institute of the Mediterranean ( IEMed ) , Member of the Advisory Council - Graduate School for Global and International Studies , University of Salamanca , Member of the Advisory Board In February 2020 , Ferrero-Waldner joined around fifty former European prime ministers and foreign ministers in signing an open letter published by British newspaper The Guardian to condemn U.S . President Donald Trump’s Middle East peace plan , saying it would create an apartheid-like situation in occupied Palestinian territory . Private life . From 1974 until 1983 Waldner was married to Wolfgang Sterr , a Bavarian high school teacher . However , their marriage ended in divorce . In 1993 Waldner married Francisco Ferrero Campos , a lecturer in Spanish and Latin American literature at the University of Vienna . After her previous marriage had finally been annulled Ferrero-Waldner married her husband again in church in December 2003 . The couple does not have any children . External links . - November 2004 – November 2009 Member of the European Commission in charge of External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy - November 2009 – February 2010 Member of the European Commission in charge of Trade , the European Neighbourhood Policy and the EuropeAid – Cooperation Office ( Aidco ) . - Born between Salzburg and Braunau am Inn
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"Minister for Foreign Affairs"
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What position did Benita Ferrero-Waldner take in Feb 2000?
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/wiki/Benita_Ferrero-Waldner#P39#1
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Benita Ferrero-Waldner Benita Ferrero-Waldner ( born 5 September 1948 ) is an Austrian diplomat and politician , and a member of the conservative Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) . Ferrero-Waldner served as the Foreign Minister of Austria 2000–2004 and was the candidate of the Austrian Peoples Party in the 2004 Austrian presidential election , which she narrowly lost with 47.6% of the votes . She served as the European Commissioner for External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2004 to 2009 , and as the European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2009 to 2010 . Early life and education . Born in Salzburg , Waldner took her matura exams in 1966 and then studied law , receiving a doctorate from the University of Salzburg in 1970 . Career . Until 1983 Waldner worked in the private sector . Only in 1984 did she enter the diplomatic service . One of her most influential positions was Chef de protocole for Secretary General Boutros-Ghali at the UN in New York City . From 1995 until 2000 Ferrero-Waldner served as Under-Secretary of State in two governments led by Social Democrats Franz Vranitzky and Viktor Klima . When Wolfgang Schüssel became Chancellor of Austria early in 2000 he made Ferrero-Waldner his Minister for Foreign Affairs , a position she held until October 2004 , when she was succeeded by Ursula Plassnik . In January 2004 it was announced that Ferrero-Waldner would run for Federal President to succeed Thomas Klestil in July 2004 . Her candidature was supported by the Austrian Peoples Party ; her only opponent was Heinz Fischer . However , she lost the election on 25 April . Member of the European Commission , 2004–2010 . In late July 2004 Ferrero-Waldner was nominated the successor of Franz Fischler as Austrias European Commissioner . She took office on 22 November . Her portfolio was Foreign Affairs and European Neighbourhood Policy . As the EUs External Affairs Commissioner , Ferrero-Waldner is credited with being the key diplomat in the 24 July 2007 release of 5 Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor imprisoned by Libya . They had been held more than 8 years on charges of purposefully infecting children with HIV , and have continued to profess their innocence . The commissioner made many trips to Libya and met with the prisoners regularly . She also worked to improve conditions for children infected with HIV/Aids . Life after politics . In September 2009 Ferrero-Waldner ran for the post of UNESCO Director-General but lost to the Bulgarian candidate Irina Bokova . Since leaving politics , she has held a variety of paid and unpaid positions , including the following : - Munich Re , Member of the Supervisory Board ( since 2010 ) - United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of Trafficking in Persons , President of the Board of Trustees ( 2017–2020 ) - European Institute of the Mediterranean ( IEMed ) , Member of the Advisory Council - Graduate School for Global and International Studies , University of Salamanca , Member of the Advisory Board In February 2020 , Ferrero-Waldner joined around fifty former European prime ministers and foreign ministers in signing an open letter published by British newspaper The Guardian to condemn U.S . President Donald Trump’s Middle East peace plan , saying it would create an apartheid-like situation in occupied Palestinian territory . Private life . From 1974 until 1983 Waldner was married to Wolfgang Sterr , a Bavarian high school teacher . However , their marriage ended in divorce . In 1993 Waldner married Francisco Ferrero Campos , a lecturer in Spanish and Latin American literature at the University of Vienna . After her previous marriage had finally been annulled Ferrero-Waldner married her husband again in church in December 2003 . The couple does not have any children . External links . - November 2004 – November 2009 Member of the European Commission in charge of External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy - November 2009 – February 2010 Member of the European Commission in charge of Trade , the European Neighbourhood Policy and the EuropeAid – Cooperation Office ( Aidco ) . - Born between Salzburg and Braunau am Inn
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What position did Benita Ferrero-Waldner take from Nov 2004 to Dec 2009?
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/wiki/Benita_Ferrero-Waldner#P39#2
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Benita Ferrero-Waldner Benita Ferrero-Waldner ( born 5 September 1948 ) is an Austrian diplomat and politician , and a member of the conservative Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) . Ferrero-Waldner served as the Foreign Minister of Austria 2000–2004 and was the candidate of the Austrian Peoples Party in the 2004 Austrian presidential election , which she narrowly lost with 47.6% of the votes . She served as the European Commissioner for External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2004 to 2009 , and as the European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2009 to 2010 . Early life and education . Born in Salzburg , Waldner took her matura exams in 1966 and then studied law , receiving a doctorate from the University of Salzburg in 1970 . Career . Until 1983 Waldner worked in the private sector . Only in 1984 did she enter the diplomatic service . One of her most influential positions was Chef de protocole for Secretary General Boutros-Ghali at the UN in New York City . From 1995 until 2000 Ferrero-Waldner served as Under-Secretary of State in two governments led by Social Democrats Franz Vranitzky and Viktor Klima . When Wolfgang Schüssel became Chancellor of Austria early in 2000 he made Ferrero-Waldner his Minister for Foreign Affairs , a position she held until October 2004 , when she was succeeded by Ursula Plassnik . In January 2004 it was announced that Ferrero-Waldner would run for Federal President to succeed Thomas Klestil in July 2004 . Her candidature was supported by the Austrian Peoples Party ; her only opponent was Heinz Fischer . However , she lost the election on 25 April . Member of the European Commission , 2004–2010 . In late July 2004 Ferrero-Waldner was nominated the successor of Franz Fischler as Austrias European Commissioner . She took office on 22 November . Her portfolio was Foreign Affairs and European Neighbourhood Policy . As the EUs External Affairs Commissioner , Ferrero-Waldner is credited with being the key diplomat in the 24 July 2007 release of 5 Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor imprisoned by Libya . They had been held more than 8 years on charges of purposefully infecting children with HIV , and have continued to profess their innocence . The commissioner made many trips to Libya and met with the prisoners regularly . She also worked to improve conditions for children infected with HIV/Aids . Life after politics . In September 2009 Ferrero-Waldner ran for the post of UNESCO Director-General but lost to the Bulgarian candidate Irina Bokova . Since leaving politics , she has held a variety of paid and unpaid positions , including the following : - Munich Re , Member of the Supervisory Board ( since 2010 ) - United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of Trafficking in Persons , President of the Board of Trustees ( 2017–2020 ) - European Institute of the Mediterranean ( IEMed ) , Member of the Advisory Council - Graduate School for Global and International Studies , University of Salamanca , Member of the Advisory Board In February 2020 , Ferrero-Waldner joined around fifty former European prime ministers and foreign ministers in signing an open letter published by British newspaper The Guardian to condemn U.S . President Donald Trump’s Middle East peace plan , saying it would create an apartheid-like situation in occupied Palestinian territory . Private life . From 1974 until 1983 Waldner was married to Wolfgang Sterr , a Bavarian high school teacher . However , their marriage ended in divorce . In 1993 Waldner married Francisco Ferrero Campos , a lecturer in Spanish and Latin American literature at the University of Vienna . After her previous marriage had finally been annulled Ferrero-Waldner married her husband again in church in December 2003 . The couple does not have any children . External links . - November 2004 – November 2009 Member of the European Commission in charge of External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy - November 2009 – February 2010 Member of the European Commission in charge of Trade , the European Neighbourhood Policy and the EuropeAid – Cooperation Office ( Aidco ) . - Born between Salzburg and Braunau am Inn
|
[
"Member of the European Commission in charge of Trade , the European Neighbourhood Policy and the EuropeAid – Cooperation Office ( Aidco ) ."
] |
easy
|
Which position did Benita Ferrero-Waldner hold in Dec 2009?
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/wiki/Benita_Ferrero-Waldner#P39#3
|
Benita Ferrero-Waldner Benita Ferrero-Waldner ( born 5 September 1948 ) is an Austrian diplomat and politician , and a member of the conservative Austrian Peoples Party ( ÖVP ) . Ferrero-Waldner served as the Foreign Minister of Austria 2000–2004 and was the candidate of the Austrian Peoples Party in the 2004 Austrian presidential election , which she narrowly lost with 47.6% of the votes . She served as the European Commissioner for External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2004 to 2009 , and as the European Commissioner for Trade and European Neighbourhood Policy from 2009 to 2010 . Early life and education . Born in Salzburg , Waldner took her matura exams in 1966 and then studied law , receiving a doctorate from the University of Salzburg in 1970 . Career . Until 1983 Waldner worked in the private sector . Only in 1984 did she enter the diplomatic service . One of her most influential positions was Chef de protocole for Secretary General Boutros-Ghali at the UN in New York City . From 1995 until 2000 Ferrero-Waldner served as Under-Secretary of State in two governments led by Social Democrats Franz Vranitzky and Viktor Klima . When Wolfgang Schüssel became Chancellor of Austria early in 2000 he made Ferrero-Waldner his Minister for Foreign Affairs , a position she held until October 2004 , when she was succeeded by Ursula Plassnik . In January 2004 it was announced that Ferrero-Waldner would run for Federal President to succeed Thomas Klestil in July 2004 . Her candidature was supported by the Austrian Peoples Party ; her only opponent was Heinz Fischer . However , she lost the election on 25 April . Member of the European Commission , 2004–2010 . In late July 2004 Ferrero-Waldner was nominated the successor of Franz Fischler as Austrias European Commissioner . She took office on 22 November . Her portfolio was Foreign Affairs and European Neighbourhood Policy . As the EUs External Affairs Commissioner , Ferrero-Waldner is credited with being the key diplomat in the 24 July 2007 release of 5 Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor imprisoned by Libya . They had been held more than 8 years on charges of purposefully infecting children with HIV , and have continued to profess their innocence . The commissioner made many trips to Libya and met with the prisoners regularly . She also worked to improve conditions for children infected with HIV/Aids . Life after politics . In September 2009 Ferrero-Waldner ran for the post of UNESCO Director-General but lost to the Bulgarian candidate Irina Bokova . Since leaving politics , she has held a variety of paid and unpaid positions , including the following : - Munich Re , Member of the Supervisory Board ( since 2010 ) - United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of Trafficking in Persons , President of the Board of Trustees ( 2017–2020 ) - European Institute of the Mediterranean ( IEMed ) , Member of the Advisory Council - Graduate School for Global and International Studies , University of Salamanca , Member of the Advisory Board In February 2020 , Ferrero-Waldner joined around fifty former European prime ministers and foreign ministers in signing an open letter published by British newspaper The Guardian to condemn U.S . President Donald Trump’s Middle East peace plan , saying it would create an apartheid-like situation in occupied Palestinian territory . Private life . From 1974 until 1983 Waldner was married to Wolfgang Sterr , a Bavarian high school teacher . However , their marriage ended in divorce . In 1993 Waldner married Francisco Ferrero Campos , a lecturer in Spanish and Latin American literature at the University of Vienna . After her previous marriage had finally been annulled Ferrero-Waldner married her husband again in church in December 2003 . The couple does not have any children . External links . - November 2004 – November 2009 Member of the European Commission in charge of External Relations and European Neighbourhood Policy - November 2009 – February 2010 Member of the European Commission in charge of Trade , the European Neighbourhood Policy and the EuropeAid – Cooperation Office ( Aidco ) . - Born between Salzburg and Braunau am Inn
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[
"Sutton United"
] |
easy
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Which team did the player Nicky Bailey belong to from 2001 to 2004?
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/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#0
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Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
|
[
"Barnet FC"
] |
easy
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Which team did the player Nicky Bailey belong to from 2004 to 2007?
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/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#1
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
|
[
"Southend United"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Nicky Bailey play for from 2007 to 2008?
|
/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#2
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
|
[
"Charlton Athletic"
] |
easy
|
Nicky Bailey played for which team from 2008 to 2010?
|
/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#3
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Nicky Bailey belong to from 2010 to 2013?
|
/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#4
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
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[
"Millwall"
] |
easy
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Which team did Nicky Bailey play for from 2013 to 2015?
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/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#5
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
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[
"Sutton United"
] |
easy
|
Nicky Bailey played for which team from 2016 to 2017?
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/wiki/Nicky_Bailey#P54#6
|
Nicky Bailey Nicky Francis Bailey ( born 10 June 1984 ) is an English professional footballer who plays for Gosport Borough as a midfielder . He has played for the England C national team . Club career . Early career and Barnet . Bailey , born in Putney , London , began his career with local team Fulham but was released and moved to non-league Sutton United where he played as a teenager . At twenty , he went to Conference side Barnet in 2004 for a tribunal fee of £10,000 . Bailey was Paul Faircloughs first signing as Barnet manager , and he immediately established himself as a regular for the club . Bailey made his Barnet debut against Farnborough Town in a 0–0 draw in the Football Conference on 17 August 2004 , and scored his first goal for the club on 4 September 2004 in a 5–1 win against Morecambe . He helped the club to promotion in the 2004–05 season and then establish itself in Football League Two over the following two years . In 2006-7 he was voted Barnet FC Player of the Season by the clubs supporters . Southend United . After attracting interest from several clubs during the January transfer window , it was announced on 29 June 2007 that Bailey was discussing terms with Southend United of League One . He eventually signed with Southend on 3 July 2007 for a fee of £175,000 . After winning the clubs player of the year award for the 2007–08 season , Bailey was transfer listed on 5 June 2008 after failing to agree to terms over a contract extension . He signed with Charlton Athletic on a three-year contract for a fee that could reach £750,000 in August 2008 , seeking championship football and a higher wage , a move that has made him unpopular with Southend fans . Charlton Athletic . Charlton Athletic were relegated from the championship after finishing at the bottom of the table , despite Bailey finishing as top scorer . He was voted the clubs player of the season . On 26 April 2010 it was announced that Bailey was in the 2009–10 PFA team of the year alongside teammate Frazer Richardson . Bailey captained Charlton to a semi-final playoff defeat against Swindon Town , the semi-final went to penalties and it was Bailey who missed the decisive spot kick for Charlton to send Swindon through to the final . It was to be his last kick as a Charlton player . Middlesbrough . On 19 June 2010 the BBC claimed that Middlesbrough F.C . were set to sign Bailey for a fee of £1.4m . The deal was confirmed by both clubs on 24 June 2010 , and Bailey was officially announced as a Middlesbrough player on 8 July . Bailey had a difficult start as a Middlesbrough player , however under new manager Tony Mowbray , Bailey was converted to a more defensive minded midfielder and became popular with the fans . His ongoing impressive form led to Bailey being nominated for the Championship player of the month in December 2011 . Bailey scored his first goal for Middlesbrough against Burnley on 10 September 2011 . Bailey then scored again in Middlesbroughs 2–1 home win against Southampton . Bailey scored on 21 August 2012 , his third goal for Boro , again against Burnley in a 3–2 home win . Following injuries to Rhys Williams and Jonathan Woodgate , Bailey captained Boro three times in the 2012–13 season . Baileys fourth Boro goal was a spectacular long shot in a 2–1 home defeat to Leicester City . At the end of the 2012–13 season Baileys contract expired . Millwall . Bailey joined Millwall on a two-year deal in July 2013 . He suffered numerous injuries during his two years with the club , limiting him to 39 appearances . He was released at the end of the 2014–15 season following Milwalls relegation to League One . Barnet . Bailey started training with Barnet in October 2015 , and re-signed on a short-term deal later in the month . On 23 December , Bailey was released after only four appearances . Sutton United . At the end of his contract with Barnet , Bailey re-signed for Sutton United , initially until the end of the 2015–16 season . In his second spell at Sutton , Bailey made his first league appearance in a 2–0 away victory against Chelmsford City on 30 January 2016 . He made a total of nine full and seven substitute appearances for the Us , helping them win the National League South title . Bailey agreed to stay with Sutton for the 2016–17 season , playing in the National League , and scored the first goal in his new spell at the club by converting a penalty against Forest Green Rovers at The New Lawn on 9 August 2016 , a game which ended in a 1–1 draw . After a string of impressive performances , Sutton supporters unofficially voted Bailey player of the month for August . Having converted two further penalties , one in a victory over Torquay United on 16 August and the other a consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Braintree Town on 13 September , Bailey scored his first goal for Sutton from open play on 8 October when he finished a corner supplied by Ross Stearn in a 4–1 rout of Surrey rivals Woking at Gander Green Lane . On 19 October 2016 , it was announced that Bailey had signed a one-year contract extension with Sutton United and will stay with the club until the end of the 2017–18 season . Bailey appeared for Sutton during their historic run to the 5th round of the FA Cup for the first time ever , including a 1–0 victory over Championship club Leeds United on 29 January 2017 and 0–2 defeat to Premier League club Arsenal on 20 February , where he made more tackles and interceptions than any other player . On 4 March , Bailey was instrumental in helping Sutton to secure their first away clean sheet back in the non-League top flight , a 0–0 draw at Barrow , since a 9–0 away victory against Gateshead on 22 September 1990 . Bailey featured the following day in The Non-League Papers team of the day . Across three-and-a-half seasons , Bailey played 125 times for Sutton in his second spell , scoring nine goals . Havant & Waterlooville . Bailey followed Sutton manager Paul Doswell to Havant & Waterlooville for the 2019–20 season . Gosport Borough . Bailey joined Gosport Borough on 19 September 2020 . International career . Bailey was picked to play for the England C national team , by Paul Fairclough when he was also manager of Barnet . He made four appearances before moving into the Football League , which meant he could no longer take part . Honours . Barnet - Conference National : 2004–05 Sutton United - National League South : 2015–16
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[
"Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada"
] |
easy
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What was the position of Gilles Duceppe from Aug 1990 to Mar 1997?
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/wiki/Gilles_Duceppe#P39#0
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Gilles Duceppe Gilles Duceppe ( ; born July 22 , 1947 ) is a retired Canadian politician , proponent of the Quebec sovereignty movement and former leader of the Bloc Québécois . He was a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada for over 20 years and has been the leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois for 15 years in three stints : 1996 , 1997-2011 and in 2015 . He was Leader of the Official Opposition in the Parliament of Canada from March 17 , 1997 , to June 1 , 1997 . He resigned as party leader after the 2011 election , in which he lost his own seat to New Democratic Party ( NDP ) candidate Hélène Laverdière and his party suffered a heavy defeat ; however , he returned four years later to lead the party into the 2015 election . After being defeated in his own riding by Laverdière again , he resigned once more . He is the son of a well-known Quebec actor , Jean Duceppe . Early life and education . Duceppe was born in Montreal , Quebec , the son of Hélène ( née Rowley ) and actor Jean Duceppe . His maternal grandfather was John James Rowley , a Briton by birth , an Irish by descent , and a home child . Duceppe often quips of his British roots , once saying Im a bloke who turned Bloc . Duceppe has told the story of an Anglophone Grade 6 teacher slapping him after he complained about preferential treatment being given to anglophone students . Duceppe claimed he slapped the teacher back . He became a sovereigntist by the age of 20 , inspired by René Lévesque and the founding of the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association . Duceppe completed his high school studies at the Collège Mont-Saint-Louis . Duceppe then studied political science at the Université de Montréal but did not complete his program of study . While attending the Université de Montréal , he became general manager of the schools newspaper , Quartier Latin . In his youth , he advocated communism , and held membership in the Workers Communist Party of Canada ( WCP ) , a Maoist group . Duceppe later claimed that his three-year membership in the WCP was a mistake brought on by a search for absolute answers . However , during this period ( which lasted well into his thirties ) he subscribed to militant Maoist ideology and was fired from his job as a hospital orderly for belligerent activities . Duceppe even went so far as to intentionally spoil his 1980 sovereignty-association referendum ballot arguing that Québécois should instead focus their efforts on staying united to fight capitalism . Early career . Before becoming a member of Parliament , Duceppe worked as a hospital orderly and later became a trade union negotiator . In 1968 he became vice-president of the Union générale des étudiants du Québec ( General Union of Quebec Students ) and in 1970 manager of the Université de Montréal student paper , Quartier latin . In 1972 he launched his career in community and union settings , as moderator for the citizens committee of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve , then in 1977 as a representative for the Royal Victoria Hospital employees . In 1981 he became a union organizer for the Confédération des syndicats nationaux ( Confederation of National Trade Unions ) , where he became a negotiator in 1986 . Parliament . Election . In 1990 , Duceppe was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election for the eastern Montreal riding of Laurier—Sainte-Marie . He defeated Liberal Denis Coderre , who would later serve alongside Duceppe in Parliament before becoming Mayor of Montreal . Duceppe would be handily re-elected at each election from 1993 to 2008 . Tenure . Duceppe originally sat as an independent because the Bloc had not been registered by Elections Canada as a political party . All of the Blocs other Members of Parliament had crossed the floor from either the Progressive Conservative Party or the Liberal Party earlier that year . Duceppes victory demonstrated — for the first time — that the party had electoral support in Quebec and could win elections . Previously , many pundits ( and members of other parties ) predicted that the Bloc would not gain traction with ordinary voters in Quebec . Leadership of the Bloc Québécois . In 1996 , when Lucien Bouchard stepped down as Bloc leader to become leader of the Parti Québécois , Duceppe served as interim leader of the party . Michel Gauthier eventually became the official leader later that year . However , Gauthiers lack of visibility in both Quebec and English Canada coupled with his weak leadership resulted in the party forcing him out in 1997 . Duceppe won the ensuing leadership contest and became the official leader of the Bloc Québécois and Leader of the Opposition . In the 1997 general election , the Bloc lost official opposition status , slipping to third place in the House of Commons behind Preston Mannings Reform Party . During the campaign , Duceppe visited a cheese factory where he was photographed wearing a hairnet resembling a shower cap , which was widely parodied on Canadian television . The Bloc lost more support during the 2000 election , winning just 38 seats . Over this period , critics derided Duceppe as an ineffectual campaigner , though no serious challenge to his leadership emerged . When Jean Chrétien stepped down as Prime Minister , to be succeeded by Paul Martin , the Blocs fortunes improved markedly , particularly after the sponsorship scandal erupted . Duceppe strongly criticized the Liberals over the misuse and misdirection of public funds intended for government advertising in Quebec . During the elections national debates , Duceppes lucid explanations of Bloc Québécois policies and his chastising of the other national party leaders promises , resulted in both the French and English media ruling him the best speaker . In the 2004 election , Duceppes Bloc won 54 seats in the Commons , nearly equaling what it had won in its 1993 breakthrough , while Martins Liberals were reduced to a minority government . With Chrétiens departure , Duceppe became the longest-serving leader of a major party in Canada . With the recent success of the Bloc , and his recently well-received performance as leader , speculation mounted that Duceppe might seek the leadership of the Parti Québécois – particularly when Bernard Landry stepped down as party leader on June 4 , 2005 . On June 13 , 2005 , Duceppe announced that he would not run for the leadership of the PQ . Ducceppes Bloc , along with the Stephen Harpers Conservatives and Jack Laytons NDP , worked together on November 28 , 2005 to pass a motion of no confidence in the minority Liberal government of Prime Minister Paul Martin after findings in the Sponsorship Scandal . In the resultant 2006 federal election , many Bloc insiders believed that Duceppes popularity , combined with the unpopularity of the federal Liberal Party in Quebec , would push the Bloc Québécois over the symbolic majority vote mark among Quebec voters . Many Quebec separatists felt that a strong performance by the Bloc in the 2006 federal election would boost the sovereignty movement and perhaps set the stage for a new referendum on secession after the anticipated Quebec provincial election expected in 2007 . In actuality , a late surge in Conservative and federalist support kept the Blocs share of the popular vote below 43% giving the Bloc only 51 seats . The Conservatives gains in Quebec , as well as Ontario , gave the party enough seats to form a minority government with Harper as prime minister , replacing the Liberals Paul Martin . The unimpressive and lackluster results on election night called into question the level of separatist support in Quebec . In the March 26 , 2007 Quebec provincial election , the Parti Québécois found itself reduced to third place in the National Assembly of Quebec , behind both the governing Quebec Liberal Party and the opposition Action démocratique du Québec . Following this disappointing result , the PQ leader , André Boisclair , announced his resignation on May 8 , 2007 . Duceppe confirmed on May 11 , 2007 , that he would seek the PQ leadership but the next day he withdrew from the race . After his withdrawal , Duceppe announced that he would support two-time leadership hopeful Pauline Marois . 2008 federal election . In the 2008 federal election , Duceppe led the Bloc Québécois to 49 seats , up one from its pre-dissolution standing of 48 . However , the Blocs share of the popular vote fell again , to 38% , its lowest result since 1997 . After the election , Liberals and NDP reached a deal form a minority coalition government with support from the Bloc Québécois , which would have toppled the minority Conservative government , however the Governor General agreed to prorogue parliament before the vote could take place . After prorogation , the Liberals underwent a change in leadership and distanced themselves from the coalition agreement and supported the Conservatives budget . However Duceppes Bloc and Jack Laytons NDP remained committed to voting against the Conservatives . 2011 federal election and resignation . In 2011 , the Bloc cooperated with the Liberals and NDP to find the Conservative government in Contempt of Parliament , after all three opposition parties indicated that they would not accept the Conservatives budget , leading Prime Minister Harper to request the dissolution of parliament . The Bloc demanded $5 billion for the province , including compensation for damages from the January 1998 North American ice storm and $175 million towards a new hockey arena to bring back the Quebec Nordiques , which the Conservatives dismissed outright . In the resultant 2011 federal election , the Bloc suffered a massive 43-seat loss—including many seats theyd held since their 1993 breakthrough—cutting them down to a rump of four seats . Much of that support bled to the NDP who ascended from fourth place to second place to become the Official Opposition , largely by winning 58 seats in Quebec which included a sweep of the Blocs heartlands in Quebec City and eastern Montreal . The NDP , which entered the election with only one seat in the province - Tom Mulcair - had surged in the last weeks of the campaign at the expense of the Bloc due to NDP leader Jack Laytons charismatic personality and leftist nationalism policies , while Bloc over the years defend [ ed ] Quebecs interests , but the sovereigntist agenda is no longer very relevant . Duceppe lost his own seat to NDP challenger Hélène Laverdière by 5,400 votes . Accepting responsibility for the Blocs crushing defeat , Duceppe announced his pending resignation as Bloc leader soon after the result was beyond doubt . He remained defiant , however , vowing not to rest until Quebec becomes a country . Spending allegations . In January 2012 , Duceppe was accused of having used funds designated for his parliamentary office to pay the Bloc Québécois general manager over a seven-year period . Duceppe denied any wrongdoing when testifying before the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy in February . In November 2012 , the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy found that Duceppe misused funds . However , the board cannot take disciplinary action as the money was spent before the by-laws around the issue were changed . Retirement and brief return to politics . Duceppe has worked as a political analyst since his departure from parliament . In 2014 , he denounced comments made by newly elected Bloc leader Mario Beaulieu in which he seemingly dismissed the Bloc under Duceppe as having followed a gradualist strategy for achieving sovereignty which Beaulieu characterised as defeatist and for invoking the phrase nous vaincrons ( we will vanquish ) , which was a slogan employed by the paramilitary Front de libération du Québec . After two years of further decline in the polls and internal divisions , it was announced June 10 , 2015 that Duceppe would be returning to lead the Bloc into the campaign while his successor , Mario Beaulieu would relinquish the leadership but remain party president . The party executive agreed on June 9 , 2015 , to split the positions of president and party leader in order to facilitate Duceppes return . The changes were ratified by the partys general council on July 1 . On August 1 , 2015 , it was reported that Duceppe had decided to contest his former riding of Laurier-Sainte-Marie in the upcoming federal election and that he would announce this in a press conference shortly after the election was called , which occurred on August 2 . However , while leading his party to a win of 10 seats in the October 19 , 2015 election , up from two , Duceppe was personally defeated in his riding and announced his resignation as leader several days later . Duceppes son Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe was elected to parliament in the 2019 federal election .
|
[
"Leader of the Official Opposition in the Parliament of Canada",
"Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada"
] |
easy
|
Gilles Duceppe took which position from Mar 1997 to Jun 1997?
|
/wiki/Gilles_Duceppe#P39#1
|
Gilles Duceppe Gilles Duceppe ( ; born July 22 , 1947 ) is a retired Canadian politician , proponent of the Quebec sovereignty movement and former leader of the Bloc Québécois . He was a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada for over 20 years and has been the leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois for 15 years in three stints : 1996 , 1997-2011 and in 2015 . He was Leader of the Official Opposition in the Parliament of Canada from March 17 , 1997 , to June 1 , 1997 . He resigned as party leader after the 2011 election , in which he lost his own seat to New Democratic Party ( NDP ) candidate Hélène Laverdière and his party suffered a heavy defeat ; however , he returned four years later to lead the party into the 2015 election . After being defeated in his own riding by Laverdière again , he resigned once more . He is the son of a well-known Quebec actor , Jean Duceppe . Early life and education . Duceppe was born in Montreal , Quebec , the son of Hélène ( née Rowley ) and actor Jean Duceppe . His maternal grandfather was John James Rowley , a Briton by birth , an Irish by descent , and a home child . Duceppe often quips of his British roots , once saying Im a bloke who turned Bloc . Duceppe has told the story of an Anglophone Grade 6 teacher slapping him after he complained about preferential treatment being given to anglophone students . Duceppe claimed he slapped the teacher back . He became a sovereigntist by the age of 20 , inspired by René Lévesque and the founding of the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association . Duceppe completed his high school studies at the Collège Mont-Saint-Louis . Duceppe then studied political science at the Université de Montréal but did not complete his program of study . While attending the Université de Montréal , he became general manager of the schools newspaper , Quartier Latin . In his youth , he advocated communism , and held membership in the Workers Communist Party of Canada ( WCP ) , a Maoist group . Duceppe later claimed that his three-year membership in the WCP was a mistake brought on by a search for absolute answers . However , during this period ( which lasted well into his thirties ) he subscribed to militant Maoist ideology and was fired from his job as a hospital orderly for belligerent activities . Duceppe even went so far as to intentionally spoil his 1980 sovereignty-association referendum ballot arguing that Québécois should instead focus their efforts on staying united to fight capitalism . Early career . Before becoming a member of Parliament , Duceppe worked as a hospital orderly and later became a trade union negotiator . In 1968 he became vice-president of the Union générale des étudiants du Québec ( General Union of Quebec Students ) and in 1970 manager of the Université de Montréal student paper , Quartier latin . In 1972 he launched his career in community and union settings , as moderator for the citizens committee of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve , then in 1977 as a representative for the Royal Victoria Hospital employees . In 1981 he became a union organizer for the Confédération des syndicats nationaux ( Confederation of National Trade Unions ) , where he became a negotiator in 1986 . Parliament . Election . In 1990 , Duceppe was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election for the eastern Montreal riding of Laurier—Sainte-Marie . He defeated Liberal Denis Coderre , who would later serve alongside Duceppe in Parliament before becoming Mayor of Montreal . Duceppe would be handily re-elected at each election from 1993 to 2008 . Tenure . Duceppe originally sat as an independent because the Bloc had not been registered by Elections Canada as a political party . All of the Blocs other Members of Parliament had crossed the floor from either the Progressive Conservative Party or the Liberal Party earlier that year . Duceppes victory demonstrated — for the first time — that the party had electoral support in Quebec and could win elections . Previously , many pundits ( and members of other parties ) predicted that the Bloc would not gain traction with ordinary voters in Quebec . Leadership of the Bloc Québécois . In 1996 , when Lucien Bouchard stepped down as Bloc leader to become leader of the Parti Québécois , Duceppe served as interim leader of the party . Michel Gauthier eventually became the official leader later that year . However , Gauthiers lack of visibility in both Quebec and English Canada coupled with his weak leadership resulted in the party forcing him out in 1997 . Duceppe won the ensuing leadership contest and became the official leader of the Bloc Québécois and Leader of the Opposition . In the 1997 general election , the Bloc lost official opposition status , slipping to third place in the House of Commons behind Preston Mannings Reform Party . During the campaign , Duceppe visited a cheese factory where he was photographed wearing a hairnet resembling a shower cap , which was widely parodied on Canadian television . The Bloc lost more support during the 2000 election , winning just 38 seats . Over this period , critics derided Duceppe as an ineffectual campaigner , though no serious challenge to his leadership emerged . When Jean Chrétien stepped down as Prime Minister , to be succeeded by Paul Martin , the Blocs fortunes improved markedly , particularly after the sponsorship scandal erupted . Duceppe strongly criticized the Liberals over the misuse and misdirection of public funds intended for government advertising in Quebec . During the elections national debates , Duceppes lucid explanations of Bloc Québécois policies and his chastising of the other national party leaders promises , resulted in both the French and English media ruling him the best speaker . In the 2004 election , Duceppes Bloc won 54 seats in the Commons , nearly equaling what it had won in its 1993 breakthrough , while Martins Liberals were reduced to a minority government . With Chrétiens departure , Duceppe became the longest-serving leader of a major party in Canada . With the recent success of the Bloc , and his recently well-received performance as leader , speculation mounted that Duceppe might seek the leadership of the Parti Québécois – particularly when Bernard Landry stepped down as party leader on June 4 , 2005 . On June 13 , 2005 , Duceppe announced that he would not run for the leadership of the PQ . Ducceppes Bloc , along with the Stephen Harpers Conservatives and Jack Laytons NDP , worked together on November 28 , 2005 to pass a motion of no confidence in the minority Liberal government of Prime Minister Paul Martin after findings in the Sponsorship Scandal . In the resultant 2006 federal election , many Bloc insiders believed that Duceppes popularity , combined with the unpopularity of the federal Liberal Party in Quebec , would push the Bloc Québécois over the symbolic majority vote mark among Quebec voters . Many Quebec separatists felt that a strong performance by the Bloc in the 2006 federal election would boost the sovereignty movement and perhaps set the stage for a new referendum on secession after the anticipated Quebec provincial election expected in 2007 . In actuality , a late surge in Conservative and federalist support kept the Blocs share of the popular vote below 43% giving the Bloc only 51 seats . The Conservatives gains in Quebec , as well as Ontario , gave the party enough seats to form a minority government with Harper as prime minister , replacing the Liberals Paul Martin . The unimpressive and lackluster results on election night called into question the level of separatist support in Quebec . In the March 26 , 2007 Quebec provincial election , the Parti Québécois found itself reduced to third place in the National Assembly of Quebec , behind both the governing Quebec Liberal Party and the opposition Action démocratique du Québec . Following this disappointing result , the PQ leader , André Boisclair , announced his resignation on May 8 , 2007 . Duceppe confirmed on May 11 , 2007 , that he would seek the PQ leadership but the next day he withdrew from the race . After his withdrawal , Duceppe announced that he would support two-time leadership hopeful Pauline Marois . 2008 federal election . In the 2008 federal election , Duceppe led the Bloc Québécois to 49 seats , up one from its pre-dissolution standing of 48 . However , the Blocs share of the popular vote fell again , to 38% , its lowest result since 1997 . After the election , Liberals and NDP reached a deal form a minority coalition government with support from the Bloc Québécois , which would have toppled the minority Conservative government , however the Governor General agreed to prorogue parliament before the vote could take place . After prorogation , the Liberals underwent a change in leadership and distanced themselves from the coalition agreement and supported the Conservatives budget . However Duceppes Bloc and Jack Laytons NDP remained committed to voting against the Conservatives . 2011 federal election and resignation . In 2011 , the Bloc cooperated with the Liberals and NDP to find the Conservative government in Contempt of Parliament , after all three opposition parties indicated that they would not accept the Conservatives budget , leading Prime Minister Harper to request the dissolution of parliament . The Bloc demanded $5 billion for the province , including compensation for damages from the January 1998 North American ice storm and $175 million towards a new hockey arena to bring back the Quebec Nordiques , which the Conservatives dismissed outright . In the resultant 2011 federal election , the Bloc suffered a massive 43-seat loss—including many seats theyd held since their 1993 breakthrough—cutting them down to a rump of four seats . Much of that support bled to the NDP who ascended from fourth place to second place to become the Official Opposition , largely by winning 58 seats in Quebec which included a sweep of the Blocs heartlands in Quebec City and eastern Montreal . The NDP , which entered the election with only one seat in the province - Tom Mulcair - had surged in the last weeks of the campaign at the expense of the Bloc due to NDP leader Jack Laytons charismatic personality and leftist nationalism policies , while Bloc over the years defend [ ed ] Quebecs interests , but the sovereigntist agenda is no longer very relevant . Duceppe lost his own seat to NDP challenger Hélène Laverdière by 5,400 votes . Accepting responsibility for the Blocs crushing defeat , Duceppe announced his pending resignation as Bloc leader soon after the result was beyond doubt . He remained defiant , however , vowing not to rest until Quebec becomes a country . Spending allegations . In January 2012 , Duceppe was accused of having used funds designated for his parliamentary office to pay the Bloc Québécois general manager over a seven-year period . Duceppe denied any wrongdoing when testifying before the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy in February . In November 2012 , the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy found that Duceppe misused funds . However , the board cannot take disciplinary action as the money was spent before the by-laws around the issue were changed . Retirement and brief return to politics . Duceppe has worked as a political analyst since his departure from parliament . In 2014 , he denounced comments made by newly elected Bloc leader Mario Beaulieu in which he seemingly dismissed the Bloc under Duceppe as having followed a gradualist strategy for achieving sovereignty which Beaulieu characterised as defeatist and for invoking the phrase nous vaincrons ( we will vanquish ) , which was a slogan employed by the paramilitary Front de libération du Québec . After two years of further decline in the polls and internal divisions , it was announced June 10 , 2015 that Duceppe would be returning to lead the Bloc into the campaign while his successor , Mario Beaulieu would relinquish the leadership but remain party president . The party executive agreed on June 9 , 2015 , to split the positions of president and party leader in order to facilitate Duceppes return . The changes were ratified by the partys general council on July 1 . On August 1 , 2015 , it was reported that Duceppe had decided to contest his former riding of Laurier-Sainte-Marie in the upcoming federal election and that he would announce this in a press conference shortly after the election was called , which occurred on August 2 . However , while leading his party to a win of 10 seats in the October 19 , 2015 election , up from two , Duceppe was personally defeated in his riding and announced his resignation as leader several days later . Duceppes son Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe was elected to parliament in the 2019 federal election .
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[
"leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois",
"Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada"
] |
easy
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What was the position of Gilles Duceppe from Jun 1997 to Oct 2008?
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/wiki/Gilles_Duceppe#P39#2
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Gilles Duceppe Gilles Duceppe ( ; born July 22 , 1947 ) is a retired Canadian politician , proponent of the Quebec sovereignty movement and former leader of the Bloc Québécois . He was a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada for over 20 years and has been the leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois for 15 years in three stints : 1996 , 1997-2011 and in 2015 . He was Leader of the Official Opposition in the Parliament of Canada from March 17 , 1997 , to June 1 , 1997 . He resigned as party leader after the 2011 election , in which he lost his own seat to New Democratic Party ( NDP ) candidate Hélène Laverdière and his party suffered a heavy defeat ; however , he returned four years later to lead the party into the 2015 election . After being defeated in his own riding by Laverdière again , he resigned once more . He is the son of a well-known Quebec actor , Jean Duceppe . Early life and education . Duceppe was born in Montreal , Quebec , the son of Hélène ( née Rowley ) and actor Jean Duceppe . His maternal grandfather was John James Rowley , a Briton by birth , an Irish by descent , and a home child . Duceppe often quips of his British roots , once saying Im a bloke who turned Bloc . Duceppe has told the story of an Anglophone Grade 6 teacher slapping him after he complained about preferential treatment being given to anglophone students . Duceppe claimed he slapped the teacher back . He became a sovereigntist by the age of 20 , inspired by René Lévesque and the founding of the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association . Duceppe completed his high school studies at the Collège Mont-Saint-Louis . Duceppe then studied political science at the Université de Montréal but did not complete his program of study . While attending the Université de Montréal , he became general manager of the schools newspaper , Quartier Latin . In his youth , he advocated communism , and held membership in the Workers Communist Party of Canada ( WCP ) , a Maoist group . Duceppe later claimed that his three-year membership in the WCP was a mistake brought on by a search for absolute answers . However , during this period ( which lasted well into his thirties ) he subscribed to militant Maoist ideology and was fired from his job as a hospital orderly for belligerent activities . Duceppe even went so far as to intentionally spoil his 1980 sovereignty-association referendum ballot arguing that Québécois should instead focus their efforts on staying united to fight capitalism . Early career . Before becoming a member of Parliament , Duceppe worked as a hospital orderly and later became a trade union negotiator . In 1968 he became vice-president of the Union générale des étudiants du Québec ( General Union of Quebec Students ) and in 1970 manager of the Université de Montréal student paper , Quartier latin . In 1972 he launched his career in community and union settings , as moderator for the citizens committee of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve , then in 1977 as a representative for the Royal Victoria Hospital employees . In 1981 he became a union organizer for the Confédération des syndicats nationaux ( Confederation of National Trade Unions ) , where he became a negotiator in 1986 . Parliament . Election . In 1990 , Duceppe was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election for the eastern Montreal riding of Laurier—Sainte-Marie . He defeated Liberal Denis Coderre , who would later serve alongside Duceppe in Parliament before becoming Mayor of Montreal . Duceppe would be handily re-elected at each election from 1993 to 2008 . Tenure . Duceppe originally sat as an independent because the Bloc had not been registered by Elections Canada as a political party . All of the Blocs other Members of Parliament had crossed the floor from either the Progressive Conservative Party or the Liberal Party earlier that year . Duceppes victory demonstrated — for the first time — that the party had electoral support in Quebec and could win elections . Previously , many pundits ( and members of other parties ) predicted that the Bloc would not gain traction with ordinary voters in Quebec . Leadership of the Bloc Québécois . In 1996 , when Lucien Bouchard stepped down as Bloc leader to become leader of the Parti Québécois , Duceppe served as interim leader of the party . Michel Gauthier eventually became the official leader later that year . However , Gauthiers lack of visibility in both Quebec and English Canada coupled with his weak leadership resulted in the party forcing him out in 1997 . Duceppe won the ensuing leadership contest and became the official leader of the Bloc Québécois and Leader of the Opposition . In the 1997 general election , the Bloc lost official opposition status , slipping to third place in the House of Commons behind Preston Mannings Reform Party . During the campaign , Duceppe visited a cheese factory where he was photographed wearing a hairnet resembling a shower cap , which was widely parodied on Canadian television . The Bloc lost more support during the 2000 election , winning just 38 seats . Over this period , critics derided Duceppe as an ineffectual campaigner , though no serious challenge to his leadership emerged . When Jean Chrétien stepped down as Prime Minister , to be succeeded by Paul Martin , the Blocs fortunes improved markedly , particularly after the sponsorship scandal erupted . Duceppe strongly criticized the Liberals over the misuse and misdirection of public funds intended for government advertising in Quebec . During the elections national debates , Duceppes lucid explanations of Bloc Québécois policies and his chastising of the other national party leaders promises , resulted in both the French and English media ruling him the best speaker . In the 2004 election , Duceppes Bloc won 54 seats in the Commons , nearly equaling what it had won in its 1993 breakthrough , while Martins Liberals were reduced to a minority government . With Chrétiens departure , Duceppe became the longest-serving leader of a major party in Canada . With the recent success of the Bloc , and his recently well-received performance as leader , speculation mounted that Duceppe might seek the leadership of the Parti Québécois – particularly when Bernard Landry stepped down as party leader on June 4 , 2005 . On June 13 , 2005 , Duceppe announced that he would not run for the leadership of the PQ . Ducceppes Bloc , along with the Stephen Harpers Conservatives and Jack Laytons NDP , worked together on November 28 , 2005 to pass a motion of no confidence in the minority Liberal government of Prime Minister Paul Martin after findings in the Sponsorship Scandal . In the resultant 2006 federal election , many Bloc insiders believed that Duceppes popularity , combined with the unpopularity of the federal Liberal Party in Quebec , would push the Bloc Québécois over the symbolic majority vote mark among Quebec voters . Many Quebec separatists felt that a strong performance by the Bloc in the 2006 federal election would boost the sovereignty movement and perhaps set the stage for a new referendum on secession after the anticipated Quebec provincial election expected in 2007 . In actuality , a late surge in Conservative and federalist support kept the Blocs share of the popular vote below 43% giving the Bloc only 51 seats . The Conservatives gains in Quebec , as well as Ontario , gave the party enough seats to form a minority government with Harper as prime minister , replacing the Liberals Paul Martin . The unimpressive and lackluster results on election night called into question the level of separatist support in Quebec . In the March 26 , 2007 Quebec provincial election , the Parti Québécois found itself reduced to third place in the National Assembly of Quebec , behind both the governing Quebec Liberal Party and the opposition Action démocratique du Québec . Following this disappointing result , the PQ leader , André Boisclair , announced his resignation on May 8 , 2007 . Duceppe confirmed on May 11 , 2007 , that he would seek the PQ leadership but the next day he withdrew from the race . After his withdrawal , Duceppe announced that he would support two-time leadership hopeful Pauline Marois . 2008 federal election . In the 2008 federal election , Duceppe led the Bloc Québécois to 49 seats , up one from its pre-dissolution standing of 48 . However , the Blocs share of the popular vote fell again , to 38% , its lowest result since 1997 . After the election , Liberals and NDP reached a deal form a minority coalition government with support from the Bloc Québécois , which would have toppled the minority Conservative government , however the Governor General agreed to prorogue parliament before the vote could take place . After prorogation , the Liberals underwent a change in leadership and distanced themselves from the coalition agreement and supported the Conservatives budget . However Duceppes Bloc and Jack Laytons NDP remained committed to voting against the Conservatives . 2011 federal election and resignation . In 2011 , the Bloc cooperated with the Liberals and NDP to find the Conservative government in Contempt of Parliament , after all three opposition parties indicated that they would not accept the Conservatives budget , leading Prime Minister Harper to request the dissolution of parliament . The Bloc demanded $5 billion for the province , including compensation for damages from the January 1998 North American ice storm and $175 million towards a new hockey arena to bring back the Quebec Nordiques , which the Conservatives dismissed outright . In the resultant 2011 federal election , the Bloc suffered a massive 43-seat loss—including many seats theyd held since their 1993 breakthrough—cutting them down to a rump of four seats . Much of that support bled to the NDP who ascended from fourth place to second place to become the Official Opposition , largely by winning 58 seats in Quebec which included a sweep of the Blocs heartlands in Quebec City and eastern Montreal . The NDP , which entered the election with only one seat in the province - Tom Mulcair - had surged in the last weeks of the campaign at the expense of the Bloc due to NDP leader Jack Laytons charismatic personality and leftist nationalism policies , while Bloc over the years defend [ ed ] Quebecs interests , but the sovereigntist agenda is no longer very relevant . Duceppe lost his own seat to NDP challenger Hélène Laverdière by 5,400 votes . Accepting responsibility for the Blocs crushing defeat , Duceppe announced his pending resignation as Bloc leader soon after the result was beyond doubt . He remained defiant , however , vowing not to rest until Quebec becomes a country . Spending allegations . In January 2012 , Duceppe was accused of having used funds designated for his parliamentary office to pay the Bloc Québécois general manager over a seven-year period . Duceppe denied any wrongdoing when testifying before the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy in February . In November 2012 , the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy found that Duceppe misused funds . However , the board cannot take disciplinary action as the money was spent before the by-laws around the issue were changed . Retirement and brief return to politics . Duceppe has worked as a political analyst since his departure from parliament . In 2014 , he denounced comments made by newly elected Bloc leader Mario Beaulieu in which he seemingly dismissed the Bloc under Duceppe as having followed a gradualist strategy for achieving sovereignty which Beaulieu characterised as defeatist and for invoking the phrase nous vaincrons ( we will vanquish ) , which was a slogan employed by the paramilitary Front de libération du Québec . After two years of further decline in the polls and internal divisions , it was announced June 10 , 2015 that Duceppe would be returning to lead the Bloc into the campaign while his successor , Mario Beaulieu would relinquish the leadership but remain party president . The party executive agreed on June 9 , 2015 , to split the positions of president and party leader in order to facilitate Duceppes return . The changes were ratified by the partys general council on July 1 . On August 1 , 2015 , it was reported that Duceppe had decided to contest his former riding of Laurier-Sainte-Marie in the upcoming federal election and that he would announce this in a press conference shortly after the election was called , which occurred on August 2 . However , while leading his party to a win of 10 seats in the October 19 , 2015 election , up from two , Duceppe was personally defeated in his riding and announced his resignation as leader several days later . Duceppes son Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe was elected to parliament in the 2019 federal election .
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[
"leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois"
] |
easy
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Which position did Gilles Duceppe hold from Oct 2008 to May 2011?
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/wiki/Gilles_Duceppe#P39#3
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Gilles Duceppe Gilles Duceppe ( ; born July 22 , 1947 ) is a retired Canadian politician , proponent of the Quebec sovereignty movement and former leader of the Bloc Québécois . He was a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada for over 20 years and has been the leader of the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois for 15 years in three stints : 1996 , 1997-2011 and in 2015 . He was Leader of the Official Opposition in the Parliament of Canada from March 17 , 1997 , to June 1 , 1997 . He resigned as party leader after the 2011 election , in which he lost his own seat to New Democratic Party ( NDP ) candidate Hélène Laverdière and his party suffered a heavy defeat ; however , he returned four years later to lead the party into the 2015 election . After being defeated in his own riding by Laverdière again , he resigned once more . He is the son of a well-known Quebec actor , Jean Duceppe . Early life and education . Duceppe was born in Montreal , Quebec , the son of Hélène ( née Rowley ) and actor Jean Duceppe . His maternal grandfather was John James Rowley , a Briton by birth , an Irish by descent , and a home child . Duceppe often quips of his British roots , once saying Im a bloke who turned Bloc . Duceppe has told the story of an Anglophone Grade 6 teacher slapping him after he complained about preferential treatment being given to anglophone students . Duceppe claimed he slapped the teacher back . He became a sovereigntist by the age of 20 , inspired by René Lévesque and the founding of the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association . Duceppe completed his high school studies at the Collège Mont-Saint-Louis . Duceppe then studied political science at the Université de Montréal but did not complete his program of study . While attending the Université de Montréal , he became general manager of the schools newspaper , Quartier Latin . In his youth , he advocated communism , and held membership in the Workers Communist Party of Canada ( WCP ) , a Maoist group . Duceppe later claimed that his three-year membership in the WCP was a mistake brought on by a search for absolute answers . However , during this period ( which lasted well into his thirties ) he subscribed to militant Maoist ideology and was fired from his job as a hospital orderly for belligerent activities . Duceppe even went so far as to intentionally spoil his 1980 sovereignty-association referendum ballot arguing that Québécois should instead focus their efforts on staying united to fight capitalism . Early career . Before becoming a member of Parliament , Duceppe worked as a hospital orderly and later became a trade union negotiator . In 1968 he became vice-president of the Union générale des étudiants du Québec ( General Union of Quebec Students ) and in 1970 manager of the Université de Montréal student paper , Quartier latin . In 1972 he launched his career in community and union settings , as moderator for the citizens committee of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve , then in 1977 as a representative for the Royal Victoria Hospital employees . In 1981 he became a union organizer for the Confédération des syndicats nationaux ( Confederation of National Trade Unions ) , where he became a negotiator in 1986 . Parliament . Election . In 1990 , Duceppe was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election for the eastern Montreal riding of Laurier—Sainte-Marie . He defeated Liberal Denis Coderre , who would later serve alongside Duceppe in Parliament before becoming Mayor of Montreal . Duceppe would be handily re-elected at each election from 1993 to 2008 . Tenure . Duceppe originally sat as an independent because the Bloc had not been registered by Elections Canada as a political party . All of the Blocs other Members of Parliament had crossed the floor from either the Progressive Conservative Party or the Liberal Party earlier that year . Duceppes victory demonstrated — for the first time — that the party had electoral support in Quebec and could win elections . Previously , many pundits ( and members of other parties ) predicted that the Bloc would not gain traction with ordinary voters in Quebec . Leadership of the Bloc Québécois . In 1996 , when Lucien Bouchard stepped down as Bloc leader to become leader of the Parti Québécois , Duceppe served as interim leader of the party . Michel Gauthier eventually became the official leader later that year . However , Gauthiers lack of visibility in both Quebec and English Canada coupled with his weak leadership resulted in the party forcing him out in 1997 . Duceppe won the ensuing leadership contest and became the official leader of the Bloc Québécois and Leader of the Opposition . In the 1997 general election , the Bloc lost official opposition status , slipping to third place in the House of Commons behind Preston Mannings Reform Party . During the campaign , Duceppe visited a cheese factory where he was photographed wearing a hairnet resembling a shower cap , which was widely parodied on Canadian television . The Bloc lost more support during the 2000 election , winning just 38 seats . Over this period , critics derided Duceppe as an ineffectual campaigner , though no serious challenge to his leadership emerged . When Jean Chrétien stepped down as Prime Minister , to be succeeded by Paul Martin , the Blocs fortunes improved markedly , particularly after the sponsorship scandal erupted . Duceppe strongly criticized the Liberals over the misuse and misdirection of public funds intended for government advertising in Quebec . During the elections national debates , Duceppes lucid explanations of Bloc Québécois policies and his chastising of the other national party leaders promises , resulted in both the French and English media ruling him the best speaker . In the 2004 election , Duceppes Bloc won 54 seats in the Commons , nearly equaling what it had won in its 1993 breakthrough , while Martins Liberals were reduced to a minority government . With Chrétiens departure , Duceppe became the longest-serving leader of a major party in Canada . With the recent success of the Bloc , and his recently well-received performance as leader , speculation mounted that Duceppe might seek the leadership of the Parti Québécois – particularly when Bernard Landry stepped down as party leader on June 4 , 2005 . On June 13 , 2005 , Duceppe announced that he would not run for the leadership of the PQ . Ducceppes Bloc , along with the Stephen Harpers Conservatives and Jack Laytons NDP , worked together on November 28 , 2005 to pass a motion of no confidence in the minority Liberal government of Prime Minister Paul Martin after findings in the Sponsorship Scandal . In the resultant 2006 federal election , many Bloc insiders believed that Duceppes popularity , combined with the unpopularity of the federal Liberal Party in Quebec , would push the Bloc Québécois over the symbolic majority vote mark among Quebec voters . Many Quebec separatists felt that a strong performance by the Bloc in the 2006 federal election would boost the sovereignty movement and perhaps set the stage for a new referendum on secession after the anticipated Quebec provincial election expected in 2007 . In actuality , a late surge in Conservative and federalist support kept the Blocs share of the popular vote below 43% giving the Bloc only 51 seats . The Conservatives gains in Quebec , as well as Ontario , gave the party enough seats to form a minority government with Harper as prime minister , replacing the Liberals Paul Martin . The unimpressive and lackluster results on election night called into question the level of separatist support in Quebec . In the March 26 , 2007 Quebec provincial election , the Parti Québécois found itself reduced to third place in the National Assembly of Quebec , behind both the governing Quebec Liberal Party and the opposition Action démocratique du Québec . Following this disappointing result , the PQ leader , André Boisclair , announced his resignation on May 8 , 2007 . Duceppe confirmed on May 11 , 2007 , that he would seek the PQ leadership but the next day he withdrew from the race . After his withdrawal , Duceppe announced that he would support two-time leadership hopeful Pauline Marois . 2008 federal election . In the 2008 federal election , Duceppe led the Bloc Québécois to 49 seats , up one from its pre-dissolution standing of 48 . However , the Blocs share of the popular vote fell again , to 38% , its lowest result since 1997 . After the election , Liberals and NDP reached a deal form a minority coalition government with support from the Bloc Québécois , which would have toppled the minority Conservative government , however the Governor General agreed to prorogue parliament before the vote could take place . After prorogation , the Liberals underwent a change in leadership and distanced themselves from the coalition agreement and supported the Conservatives budget . However Duceppes Bloc and Jack Laytons NDP remained committed to voting against the Conservatives . 2011 federal election and resignation . In 2011 , the Bloc cooperated with the Liberals and NDP to find the Conservative government in Contempt of Parliament , after all three opposition parties indicated that they would not accept the Conservatives budget , leading Prime Minister Harper to request the dissolution of parliament . The Bloc demanded $5 billion for the province , including compensation for damages from the January 1998 North American ice storm and $175 million towards a new hockey arena to bring back the Quebec Nordiques , which the Conservatives dismissed outright . In the resultant 2011 federal election , the Bloc suffered a massive 43-seat loss—including many seats theyd held since their 1993 breakthrough—cutting them down to a rump of four seats . Much of that support bled to the NDP who ascended from fourth place to second place to become the Official Opposition , largely by winning 58 seats in Quebec which included a sweep of the Blocs heartlands in Quebec City and eastern Montreal . The NDP , which entered the election with only one seat in the province - Tom Mulcair - had surged in the last weeks of the campaign at the expense of the Bloc due to NDP leader Jack Laytons charismatic personality and leftist nationalism policies , while Bloc over the years defend [ ed ] Quebecs interests , but the sovereigntist agenda is no longer very relevant . Duceppe lost his own seat to NDP challenger Hélène Laverdière by 5,400 votes . Accepting responsibility for the Blocs crushing defeat , Duceppe announced his pending resignation as Bloc leader soon after the result was beyond doubt . He remained defiant , however , vowing not to rest until Quebec becomes a country . Spending allegations . In January 2012 , Duceppe was accused of having used funds designated for his parliamentary office to pay the Bloc Québécois general manager over a seven-year period . Duceppe denied any wrongdoing when testifying before the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy in February . In November 2012 , the House of Commons Board of Internal Economy found that Duceppe misused funds . However , the board cannot take disciplinary action as the money was spent before the by-laws around the issue were changed . Retirement and brief return to politics . Duceppe has worked as a political analyst since his departure from parliament . In 2014 , he denounced comments made by newly elected Bloc leader Mario Beaulieu in which he seemingly dismissed the Bloc under Duceppe as having followed a gradualist strategy for achieving sovereignty which Beaulieu characterised as defeatist and for invoking the phrase nous vaincrons ( we will vanquish ) , which was a slogan employed by the paramilitary Front de libération du Québec . After two years of further decline in the polls and internal divisions , it was announced June 10 , 2015 that Duceppe would be returning to lead the Bloc into the campaign while his successor , Mario Beaulieu would relinquish the leadership but remain party president . The party executive agreed on June 9 , 2015 , to split the positions of president and party leader in order to facilitate Duceppes return . The changes were ratified by the partys general council on July 1 . On August 1 , 2015 , it was reported that Duceppe had decided to contest his former riding of Laurier-Sainte-Marie in the upcoming federal election and that he would announce this in a press conference shortly after the election was called , which occurred on August 2 . However , while leading his party to a win of 10 seats in the October 19 , 2015 election , up from two , Duceppe was personally defeated in his riding and announced his resignation as leader several days later . Duceppes son Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe was elected to parliament in the 2019 federal election .
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[
"Emilia club Modena"
] |
easy
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Which team did the player Marco Silvestri belong to from 2009 to 2010?
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/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#0
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"Chievo"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Marco Silvestri play for from 2010 to 2011?
|
/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#1
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"Chievo",
"Reggio Emilia for Reggiana"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Marco Silvestri belong to from 2011 to 2012?
|
/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#2
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"Padova"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Marco Silvestri belong to from 2012 to 2013?
|
/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#3
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"Padova",
"Leeds United"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Marco Silvestri play for from 2013 to 2014?
|
/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#4
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"Leeds United"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Marco Silvestri belong to from 2014 to 2015?
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/wiki/Marco_Silvestri#P54#5
|
Marco Silvestri Marco Silvestri ( born 2 March 1991 ) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Italian club Hellas Verona . Before joining Verona in 2017 , he played in England for Leeds United and in Italy for Chievo , Reggiana , Padova and Cagliari . Silvestri has represented his country at under-20 and under-21 level . Club career . Modena . Born in Castelnovo ne Monti , the Province of Reggio Emilia , Emilia–Romagna , Silvestri started his career at Emilia club Modena . He was the third keeper behind Enrico Alfonso and Antonio Narciso in 2009–10 season . Chievo . In August 2010 , Silvestri was signed by Serie A club Chievo on a temporary deal , with an option to purchase half of his registration rights . He was the third keeper of the team , behind Stefano Sorrentino and Lorenzo Squizzi . Silvestri also became the first choice keeper at the spring under-20 team . In June 2011 Chievo exercised the option to sign Silvestri in a co-ownership deal , for €300,000 . Reggiana loan . Silvestri returned to Reggio Emilia for Reggiana in July to replace Niccolò Manfredini . However Silvestri became the backup of Niccolò Bellucci since round 12 . After the winter break Silvestri re-affirmed as first choice . In June 2012 Chievo signed Silvestri outright for another €150,000 . Padova loan . In July 2012 he left for Padova . The club failed to renew the loan of fellow U21 internationals Mattia Perin . Silvestri wore no.1 shirt for Padova in new season and would compete with ex-internationals Ivan Pelizzoli who acted as second-choice last season . However , on the last day of the transfer window , Pelizzoli rejoined Perin in Pescara and Luca Anania , who became second choice in the same club , left for Padova . Cagliari loan . On 30 January 2014 , Silvestri signed for Cagliari on loan , including the option for Cagliari to acquire half his ownership rights at the end of the season , the move saw Cagliari first choice Goalkeeper Michael Agazzi join Chievo on a permanent deal . Silverstri was given the number 1 shirt . He made his debut for the club in the Serie A match against Parma on 27 April , coming into the side for Vlada Avramov , keeping a clean sheet on his debut in a 1–0 win . On 6 May , Silvestri started the match against S.S.C . Napoli , a game in which Silvestri was given a straight red card in a 3–0 loss after fouling Goran Pandev . After returning from suspension he returned for the final match of the season in a 3–0 loss against Juventus . On 27 June , Silvestris agent Francesco Romano , revealed that Silvestri was in talks over a move to English club Leeds United , owned by former Cagliari owner Massimo Cellino . Leeds United . 2014–15 Season . On 8 July 2014 , Silvestri left Chievo for a fee of €1 million , and signed a four-year contract with English club Leeds United along with fellow Italian Tommaso Bianchi . Silvestris first appearance for Leeds came on 11 July in Leeds first pre–season game , which resulted in a 16–0 victory against Italian side FC Gherdeina . On 1 August , Silvestri was assigned the Leeds number 1 shirt for the 2014–15 season . Silvestri made his debut for Leeds on 9 August against Millwall . Silvestri kept his first clean sheet for Leeds in his home debut at Elland Road on 16 August in Leeds 1–0 victory against Middlesbrough after a goal by Billy Sharp . Silvestri kept a clean sheet and won the man of the match award after a string of saves in Leeds 1–0 win on 30 August against Bolton Wanderers . The performance led to him being named in the Football League team of the week . Silvestris impressive form continued against Bournemouth in a 3–1 win . With Silvestri earning praise from Caretaker Head Coach Neil Redfearn after a string of impressive saves to help keep Leeds in the game when they were 1–0 down . Silvestri received the Man of the Match Award after keeping a clean sheet against the then league leaders Middlesbrough 1–0 on 21 February 2015 . On 4 March , Silvestri saved a late penalty from Daryl Murphy to help earn Leeds a 2–1 victory against Ipswich Town . On 18 April 2015 , Silvestri was one of six Massimo Cellino signings ( alongside Mirco Antenucci , Giuseppe Bellusci , Souleymane Doukara , Dario Del Fabro , Edgar Çani ) who controversially pulled out of the squad with an injury the day before a 2–1 loss against Charlton Athletic . On 2 May 2015 , Silvestri was one of five players nominated for the Fans Player Of The Year Award at Leeds Uniteds official end of 2014–15 season awards ceremony , but lost out to eventual winner Alex Mowatt . After the end of the 2014–15 season , Silvestri after an impressive debut season proclaimed Life in Leeds is good . Me and my wife feel at home here . 2015–16 season . After the signing of Goalkeeper Ross Turnbull on 15 July 2015 , head coach Uwe Rösler revealed Silvestri would still be the clubs number 1 goalkeeper . Turnbull revealed he was going to challenge Silvestri for the Number 1 shirt . 2016–17 season . After the signing of Robert Green as the clubs first choice Goalkeeper , Silvestri on 5 August was given the squad number 12 shirt for the 2016–17 season . He made his first appearance of the season for Leeds on 23 August 2016 , starting in Leeds League Cup fixture against Luton Town . On 26 October 2016 , Silvestri was the hero for Leeds , after saving 3 penalties for Leeds in their victory against Norwich City in the English League Cup , with a dramatic penalty shootout victory after a 2–2 draw in extra time . On 29 November 2016 , Silvestri started for Leeds in EFL Cup quarter-final match against Liverpool at Anfield in a 2–0 defeat . Hellas Verona . On 18 July 2017 , Silvestri played the full 90 minutes of a closed-door friendly between Leeds and Bursaspor , but the next day he travelled to Verona to complete a transfer to Serie A club Hellas Verona , for an undisclosed fee . International career . Silvestri started his national career in the 2008 goalkeeper training camp . Silvestri received his first cap in December 2009 from Francesco Rocca for the Italy U20 team . He played that match , the round 3 of 2009–10 Four Nations Tournament , replacing Antonio Piccolo in the second half . He also played the last round ( round 6 ) in that tournament . Silvestri played twice ( out of 6 games ) in the 2010–11 edition . In June 2011 , he was picked for the Italy Under 21s team by Ciro Ferrara to represent his country in the 2011 Toulon Tournament , serving as backup to Sergio Viotti . Silvestri only played once in the bronze match . After the tournament he did not receive a call-up for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship qualification . On 17 July 2015 , Ermes Fulgoni who was Gianluigi Buffons former goalkeeping coach at Parma described Silvestri as the heir to Buffon and tipped him to be Italys future number 1 goalkeeper . On 2 October 2020 he received his first senior team call-up . Trivia . Silvestris partner is Moroccan Givenchy fashion model Sofia Jamal Eddine . Silvestri also revealed that Eddine ( who speaks fluent Italian and English ) had been helping teach him English . External links . - Football.it Profile - Lega Serie B Profile - FIGC
|
[
"British Permanent Representative to the European Union"
] |
easy
|
What position did Kim Darroch take from 2007 to 2012?
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/wiki/Kim_Darroch#P39#0
|
Kim Darroch Nigel Kim Darroch , Baron Darroch of Kew , ( ; born 30 April 1954 ) is a former British diplomat . He served as the British Ambassador to the United States between January 2016 and December 2019 , and previously as National Security Adviser and UK Permanent Representative to the European Union . On 10 July 2019 following the leak of diplomatic cables in which he had been critical of the Trump presidential administration , he resigned from his position as HM Ambassador in Washington . Lord Darroch concluded his post in December 2019 upon retirement from HM Diplomatic Service after a career spanning 40 years of public service . Early life . Nigel Kim Darroch was born in the village of South Stanley in County Durham , England , on 30 April 1954 , to parents Alastair Macphee Darroch and Enid Darroch . He was educated at Abingdon School and at Durham University ( Hatfield College ) , from where he graduated with a bachelors degree in zoology in 1975 . Darroch was an avid fives player in his youth , representing his school and later Durham University . Career . Darroch joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office ( FCO ) in 1976 . He was appointed to the Diplomatic Service in 1980 to serve as a First Secretary in Tokyo from 1980 to 1984 . He served in a number of posts , including as desk officer for the Channel Tunnel project and co-secretary of the UK-French Channel Tunnel Treaty Group , as private secretary to David Mellor and then The Lord Glenarthur as the FCOs Minister of State from 1987 to 1989 , and as Counsellor for External Affairs at the British Permanent Representative to the European Union for a year before being promoted to Director as head of the FCOs press office in 1998 . In 2000 , Darroch moved back to policy work as Director of EU Comd , and in 2003 promoted further to be Director-General , Europe . In 2004 , he transferred to 10 Downing Street , as Head of the Cabinet Office European Secretariat , where he served as the Prime Ministers principal advisor on European affairs . After three years , Darroch was appointed to replace John Grant in Brussels , as British Permanent Representative to the European Union in 2007 for a four-year term . On 24 June 2011 , it was announced that Darroch would replace Peter Ricketts as National Security Advisor in January 2012 , with Jon Cunliffe selected as Darrochs replacement as Permanent Representative to the European Union . Ambassador to the United States . On 7 July 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darroch would be replaced by Mark Lyall Grant in September 2015 . On 20 August 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darrochs new role would be as the Ambassador to the United States , replacing Peter Westmacott on 28 January 2016 . In November 2016 , following the US election , a memo by Darroch to Prime Minister Theresa May was leaked in which he said the President-elect of the United States , Donald Trump , could be influenced by the British government . The following week , Trump tweeted that Nigel Farage should serve as British ambassador to the United States . Downing Street said that there was no vacancy and that the UK had an excellent ambassador to the US . Darroch was in London the next day for consultations with May that were said to have been long-planned . Cables leak and resignation . On 7 July 2019 , secret diplomatic cables from Darroch to the British government , dating from 2017 to 2019 , were leaked to Steven Edginton , a 19-year-old freelance journalist and Brexit Party employee . Darroch assessed the Trump administration as inept and insecure . In response , Nigel Farage said Darroch was totally unsuitable for office , and Trump tweeted that Darroch was not liked or well thought of within the US and that we will no longer deal with him . The Prime Minister , Theresa May , expressed support for Darroch and ordered a leak inquiry . It led to a criminal investigation by Scotland Yard . On 10 July , Darroch resigned as Ambassador to the United States . He wrote that the current situation is making it impossible for me to carry out my role as I would like . Previously , Boris Johnson , the frontrunner in the election to replace May , had declined to publicly support Darroch . Consensus among political commentators in the UK was that this made Darrochs position untenable . Both May and the leader of the opposition , Jeremy Corbyn , praised Darrochs service in the House of Commons and deplored that he had to resign under pressure from the United States . A spokesman for the prime minister said that it was an ambassadors job to provide an honest and unvarnished view of the US administration . Darroch remained in the post until the end of the year . In a July 2019 Washington Examiner article , Darroch was accused of repeatedly leaking highly classified U.S . intelligence material to an unnamed American journalist . Darroch made no comment on the allegations . Darroch was nominated for a crossbench Peerage in the 2019 Resignation Peerages . Collateral Damage . In 2020 , Darroch wrote Collateral Damage : Britain , America and Europe in the Age of Trump . Honours . Darroch was appointed a Companion of Order of St Michael and St George ( CMG ) in the 1997 New Year Honours , and promoted to Knight Commander of the same order ( KCMG ) in the 2008 Birthday Honours . He was created a life peer in Theresa Mays 2019 Resignation Honours List . He was created Baron Darroch of Kew , of St Mawes in the County of Cornwall on 11 November 2019 . on 26th November 2020 , Lord Darroch made his maiden speech in the House of Lords . Personal life . In 1978 , Darroch married Vanessa , now a teacher at the British International School of Washington . They have two children , Simon , a geologist based at Vanderbilt University who also studied at Durham , and Georgina , a botanist at Kew Gardens . The Times reported on allegations about a 2018 “passionate affair [ lasting ] at least several months” with a US journalist . The journalist denied the scoops originated with the ambassador .
|
[
"National Security Advisor"
] |
easy
|
Kim Darroch took which position from 2012 to 2015?
|
/wiki/Kim_Darroch#P39#1
|
Kim Darroch Nigel Kim Darroch , Baron Darroch of Kew , ( ; born 30 April 1954 ) is a former British diplomat . He served as the British Ambassador to the United States between January 2016 and December 2019 , and previously as National Security Adviser and UK Permanent Representative to the European Union . On 10 July 2019 following the leak of diplomatic cables in which he had been critical of the Trump presidential administration , he resigned from his position as HM Ambassador in Washington . Lord Darroch concluded his post in December 2019 upon retirement from HM Diplomatic Service after a career spanning 40 years of public service . Early life . Nigel Kim Darroch was born in the village of South Stanley in County Durham , England , on 30 April 1954 , to parents Alastair Macphee Darroch and Enid Darroch . He was educated at Abingdon School and at Durham University ( Hatfield College ) , from where he graduated with a bachelors degree in zoology in 1975 . Darroch was an avid fives player in his youth , representing his school and later Durham University . Career . Darroch joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office ( FCO ) in 1976 . He was appointed to the Diplomatic Service in 1980 to serve as a First Secretary in Tokyo from 1980 to 1984 . He served in a number of posts , including as desk officer for the Channel Tunnel project and co-secretary of the UK-French Channel Tunnel Treaty Group , as private secretary to David Mellor and then The Lord Glenarthur as the FCOs Minister of State from 1987 to 1989 , and as Counsellor for External Affairs at the British Permanent Representative to the European Union for a year before being promoted to Director as head of the FCOs press office in 1998 . In 2000 , Darroch moved back to policy work as Director of EU Comd , and in 2003 promoted further to be Director-General , Europe . In 2004 , he transferred to 10 Downing Street , as Head of the Cabinet Office European Secretariat , where he served as the Prime Ministers principal advisor on European affairs . After three years , Darroch was appointed to replace John Grant in Brussels , as British Permanent Representative to the European Union in 2007 for a four-year term . On 24 June 2011 , it was announced that Darroch would replace Peter Ricketts as National Security Advisor in January 2012 , with Jon Cunliffe selected as Darrochs replacement as Permanent Representative to the European Union . Ambassador to the United States . On 7 July 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darroch would be replaced by Mark Lyall Grant in September 2015 . On 20 August 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darrochs new role would be as the Ambassador to the United States , replacing Peter Westmacott on 28 January 2016 . In November 2016 , following the US election , a memo by Darroch to Prime Minister Theresa May was leaked in which he said the President-elect of the United States , Donald Trump , could be influenced by the British government . The following week , Trump tweeted that Nigel Farage should serve as British ambassador to the United States . Downing Street said that there was no vacancy and that the UK had an excellent ambassador to the US . Darroch was in London the next day for consultations with May that were said to have been long-planned . Cables leak and resignation . On 7 July 2019 , secret diplomatic cables from Darroch to the British government , dating from 2017 to 2019 , were leaked to Steven Edginton , a 19-year-old freelance journalist and Brexit Party employee . Darroch assessed the Trump administration as inept and insecure . In response , Nigel Farage said Darroch was totally unsuitable for office , and Trump tweeted that Darroch was not liked or well thought of within the US and that we will no longer deal with him . The Prime Minister , Theresa May , expressed support for Darroch and ordered a leak inquiry . It led to a criminal investigation by Scotland Yard . On 10 July , Darroch resigned as Ambassador to the United States . He wrote that the current situation is making it impossible for me to carry out my role as I would like . Previously , Boris Johnson , the frontrunner in the election to replace May , had declined to publicly support Darroch . Consensus among political commentators in the UK was that this made Darrochs position untenable . Both May and the leader of the opposition , Jeremy Corbyn , praised Darrochs service in the House of Commons and deplored that he had to resign under pressure from the United States . A spokesman for the prime minister said that it was an ambassadors job to provide an honest and unvarnished view of the US administration . Darroch remained in the post until the end of the year . In a July 2019 Washington Examiner article , Darroch was accused of repeatedly leaking highly classified U.S . intelligence material to an unnamed American journalist . Darroch made no comment on the allegations . Darroch was nominated for a crossbench Peerage in the 2019 Resignation Peerages . Collateral Damage . In 2020 , Darroch wrote Collateral Damage : Britain , America and Europe in the Age of Trump . Honours . Darroch was appointed a Companion of Order of St Michael and St George ( CMG ) in the 1997 New Year Honours , and promoted to Knight Commander of the same order ( KCMG ) in the 2008 Birthday Honours . He was created a life peer in Theresa Mays 2019 Resignation Honours List . He was created Baron Darroch of Kew , of St Mawes in the County of Cornwall on 11 November 2019 . on 26th November 2020 , Lord Darroch made his maiden speech in the House of Lords . Personal life . In 1978 , Darroch married Vanessa , now a teacher at the British International School of Washington . They have two children , Simon , a geologist based at Vanderbilt University who also studied at Durham , and Georgina , a botanist at Kew Gardens . The Times reported on allegations about a 2018 “passionate affair [ lasting ] at least several months” with a US journalist . The journalist denied the scoops originated with the ambassador .
|
[
"Ambassador to the United States"
] |
easy
|
What position did Kim Darroch take from 2016 to Jul 2019?
|
/wiki/Kim_Darroch#P39#2
|
Kim Darroch Nigel Kim Darroch , Baron Darroch of Kew , ( ; born 30 April 1954 ) is a former British diplomat . He served as the British Ambassador to the United States between January 2016 and December 2019 , and previously as National Security Adviser and UK Permanent Representative to the European Union . On 10 July 2019 following the leak of diplomatic cables in which he had been critical of the Trump presidential administration , he resigned from his position as HM Ambassador in Washington . Lord Darroch concluded his post in December 2019 upon retirement from HM Diplomatic Service after a career spanning 40 years of public service . Early life . Nigel Kim Darroch was born in the village of South Stanley in County Durham , England , on 30 April 1954 , to parents Alastair Macphee Darroch and Enid Darroch . He was educated at Abingdon School and at Durham University ( Hatfield College ) , from where he graduated with a bachelors degree in zoology in 1975 . Darroch was an avid fives player in his youth , representing his school and later Durham University . Career . Darroch joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office ( FCO ) in 1976 . He was appointed to the Diplomatic Service in 1980 to serve as a First Secretary in Tokyo from 1980 to 1984 . He served in a number of posts , including as desk officer for the Channel Tunnel project and co-secretary of the UK-French Channel Tunnel Treaty Group , as private secretary to David Mellor and then The Lord Glenarthur as the FCOs Minister of State from 1987 to 1989 , and as Counsellor for External Affairs at the British Permanent Representative to the European Union for a year before being promoted to Director as head of the FCOs press office in 1998 . In 2000 , Darroch moved back to policy work as Director of EU Comd , and in 2003 promoted further to be Director-General , Europe . In 2004 , he transferred to 10 Downing Street , as Head of the Cabinet Office European Secretariat , where he served as the Prime Ministers principal advisor on European affairs . After three years , Darroch was appointed to replace John Grant in Brussels , as British Permanent Representative to the European Union in 2007 for a four-year term . On 24 June 2011 , it was announced that Darroch would replace Peter Ricketts as National Security Advisor in January 2012 , with Jon Cunliffe selected as Darrochs replacement as Permanent Representative to the European Union . Ambassador to the United States . On 7 July 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darroch would be replaced by Mark Lyall Grant in September 2015 . On 20 August 2015 , the Foreign Office announced that Darrochs new role would be as the Ambassador to the United States , replacing Peter Westmacott on 28 January 2016 . In November 2016 , following the US election , a memo by Darroch to Prime Minister Theresa May was leaked in which he said the President-elect of the United States , Donald Trump , could be influenced by the British government . The following week , Trump tweeted that Nigel Farage should serve as British ambassador to the United States . Downing Street said that there was no vacancy and that the UK had an excellent ambassador to the US . Darroch was in London the next day for consultations with May that were said to have been long-planned . Cables leak and resignation . On 7 July 2019 , secret diplomatic cables from Darroch to the British government , dating from 2017 to 2019 , were leaked to Steven Edginton , a 19-year-old freelance journalist and Brexit Party employee . Darroch assessed the Trump administration as inept and insecure . In response , Nigel Farage said Darroch was totally unsuitable for office , and Trump tweeted that Darroch was not liked or well thought of within the US and that we will no longer deal with him . The Prime Minister , Theresa May , expressed support for Darroch and ordered a leak inquiry . It led to a criminal investigation by Scotland Yard . On 10 July , Darroch resigned as Ambassador to the United States . He wrote that the current situation is making it impossible for me to carry out my role as I would like . Previously , Boris Johnson , the frontrunner in the election to replace May , had declined to publicly support Darroch . Consensus among political commentators in the UK was that this made Darrochs position untenable . Both May and the leader of the opposition , Jeremy Corbyn , praised Darrochs service in the House of Commons and deplored that he had to resign under pressure from the United States . A spokesman for the prime minister said that it was an ambassadors job to provide an honest and unvarnished view of the US administration . Darroch remained in the post until the end of the year . In a July 2019 Washington Examiner article , Darroch was accused of repeatedly leaking highly classified U.S . intelligence material to an unnamed American journalist . Darroch made no comment on the allegations . Darroch was nominated for a crossbench Peerage in the 2019 Resignation Peerages . Collateral Damage . In 2020 , Darroch wrote Collateral Damage : Britain , America and Europe in the Age of Trump . Honours . Darroch was appointed a Companion of Order of St Michael and St George ( CMG ) in the 1997 New Year Honours , and promoted to Knight Commander of the same order ( KCMG ) in the 2008 Birthday Honours . He was created a life peer in Theresa Mays 2019 Resignation Honours List . He was created Baron Darroch of Kew , of St Mawes in the County of Cornwall on 11 November 2019 . on 26th November 2020 , Lord Darroch made his maiden speech in the House of Lords . Personal life . In 1978 , Darroch married Vanessa , now a teacher at the British International School of Washington . They have two children , Simon , a geologist based at Vanderbilt University who also studied at Durham , and Georgina , a botanist at Kew Gardens . The Times reported on allegations about a 2018 “passionate affair [ lasting ] at least several months” with a US journalist . The journalist denied the scoops originated with the ambassador .
|
[
"Ipswich Town"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Dean McDonald play for from 2005 to 2006?
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/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#0
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Gillingham"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Dean McDonald belong to from 2006 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#1
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Inverness Caledonian Thistle"
] |
easy
|
Dean McDonald played for which team from 2007 to 2008?
|
/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#2
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Rushden & Diamonds",
"Grays Athletic"
] |
easy
|
Dean McDonald played for which team from 2008 to 2009?
|
/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#3
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Northwich Victoria",
"Tooting & Mitcham United"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Dean McDonald belong to from 2009 to 2011?
|
/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#4
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Carshalton Athletic"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Dean McDonald belong to from 2011 to 2012?
|
/wiki/Dean_McDonald#P54#5
|
Dean McDonald Dean Louis McDonald ( born 19 February 1986 ) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Whitehawk . Club career . Ipswich Town . McDonald was signed by Ipswich Town manager Joe Royle from Arsenal , where he started his career as a youth player . He opened his account with the winning goal for Ipswich on 14 February 2006 against Crewe Alexandra , with the Tractor Boys going on to win the game 2–1 . McDonald is primarily an attacking midfielder , although he can play in a more of a striker role . He spent a month on loan with Hartlepool United , scoring one goal the winner in a 2–1 win against AFC Bournemouth , before bring recalled due to an injury crisis at Ipswich , with Ipswich rejecting a bid for the player . Gillingham . In May 2006 he signed for Gillingham on a two-year contract . On his debut for his new club in August 2006 he scored the winner in a 2–1 win over Huddersfield Town . Inverness Caledonian Thistle . It was announced in July 2007 that , despite having a year left on his contract with the Kent club , McDonald had agreed terms for a move to Scottish Premier League side Inverness Caledonian Thistle . He scored in his first pre-season match for his new club , a 2–0 win over Qatars U-21 team , on 11 July 2007 . Following the arrival of Craig Brewster at the club , he was restricted to just substitute appearances and was on trial during January 2008 , including Gillingham and Toronto FC . Although offered a contract by Toronto FC , he decided to stay at Inverness Caledonian Thistle until the end of the 2007–08 season . Despite having a year left on his contract it was cancelled by mutual consent in July 2008 . Non league spells . He then signed for Conference National side Rushden & Diamonds in July 2008 . Having been transfer-listed , he signed for Grays Athletic on loan from 20 November 2008 until January 2009 . However , McDonald failed to make an appearance in the Conference National and only made three appearances in the Conference League Cup , FA Trophy and Essex Senior Cup . McDonald was released by Rushden & Diamonds in January 2009 , and was signed by Northwich Victoria on non-contract terms . He left Northwich Victoria after manager Steve King departed in February . This led to a short spell at Tooting & Mitcham United , which lasted until the end of the season . McDonald ended the 2009–10 season with 35 goals in 53 appearances in all competitions for Farnborough , earning himself a trial at Football League Championship side Swansea City . McDonald was denied a move to the club after a successful trial due to the two clubs being unable to agree a fee for the player as he had one year left on his contract . In June 2011 , McDonald signed for Isthmian League Premier Division side Carshalton Athletic . The forward made 15 league appearances in his only season as a Robin and scored five league goals , including both in a 2–0 away win at Hastings United . On 25 January 2013 McDonald signed for Conference National side Macclesfield Town from Billericay Town , making his debut the following day in the fourth round of the FA Cup against Premier League team Wigan Athletic , coming on for 20 minutes . McDonald made his league debut on 1 February , coming on for the last 10 minutes against Ebbsfleet United to provide an assist for the 4th and final goal in a 4–0 win for the club . On 16 August 2013 McDonald signed for Conference South side Sutton United . In September 2013 McDonald signed a short-term deal with Billericay Town , and he went on to play for Margate and Whitehawk before the end of the 2013–14 season . In June 2014 it was announced that McDonald had signed for Dulwich Hamlet of the Isthmian League Premier Division . After one season with Dulwich Hamlet , making 21 appearances and scoring 5 goals in all competitions , McDonald was released ahead of the 2015-16 campaign with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose commenting Dean got too many injuries and we didnt feel we could give him another contract . But he is still a very talented player . He continued to train with the club , however , and returned to the first team for their FA Cup first qualifying round win over Hampton & Richmond Borough on 12 September 2015 , coming off the bench in the 78th minute . McDonald was once again released by Dulwich Hamlet towards the end of March 2016 , with Hamlet manager Gavin Rose citing a lack of end product being behind the decision to let him go . On 5 July 2016 , McDonald joined Isthmian League Premier Division side Merstham after his release from Dulwich Hamlet . McDonald was signed by former manager Steve King for the fifth time when he joined Welling United at the start of the 2018–19 season , but was released in October 2018 . In May 2019 McDonald re-signed for one of his former clubs when he joined Whitehawk , but left before the season started .
|
[
"Monarcas Morelia"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Adrián Aldrete belong to from 2005 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Adrián_Aldrete#P54#0
|
Adrián Aldrete Adrián Aldrete ( born 14 June 1988 ) is a Mexican professional footballer , who plays as a left-back for Liga MX club Cruz Azul . He was on the Mexico national team that won the FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2005 , considered the Generación Dorada ( Golden Generation ) of Mexicos footballers . Club career . Morelia . Born in Guadalajara , Jalisco , Aldrete began his football career with Monarcas Morelia as a defender and midfielder . During his time as a player in Morelia , Mexico U-17 coach Jesús Ramírez spotted young Aldrete and gave him a spot in the Mexico team in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup , which Mexico would win . After his participation in the World Cup , he was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season because he was not used in the first team and he needed to gain experience . After his six-month loan to Dorados , Aldrete returned to Morelia and made his first appearance on 5 August 2006 under coach Hugo Hernández in a 0–2 defeat against Atlante . In that match , he played the entire match . Aldrete had been a regular starter for Monarcas Morelia . In 2012 after making nearly 200 league appearances for Morelia , it was announced that Aldrete would be transferred to América in May 2012 for the Apertura 2012 season . Dorados ( loan ) . Aldrete was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season . Aldrete made his professional debut as a footballer with Dorados , he made his debut 21 January 2006 at age 17 in a game against Atlante , which ended in a 0–0 draw . During his stint in Sinaloa , Adrian made seven league appearances , scoring an own goal against Monarcas Morelia , his parent club , in a match which ended in a 3–3 draw . He had little participation with the club and returned to Morelia after six months . América . In May 2012 , Aldrete transferred to América for the Apertura 2012 season . He made his debut with the club on 21 July 2012 in a league game against Monterrey . Aldrete won his first league championship with América after defeating cross-town rivals Cruz Azul in the final via a penalty shoot-out . He played 62 minutes until being substituted by Christian Bermúdez . Cruz Azul . On 6 June 2016 , it was announced that Aldrete would join Cruz Azul for the Apertura 2016 in the Liga MX International career . Mexico U-17 . Aldrete was chosen by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Peru . He played as a midfielder in the tournament rather than a defender , which was his natural position . He played the full 90 minutes in each tournament game , although he did not play in the match against Turkey . Aldrete did play the final against Brazil , beating them 3–0 and achieving for Mexico its first U-17 championship . Mexico U-20 . In 2007 Aldrete was chosen again by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2007 U-20 World Cup CONCACAF qualifying tournament , playing in all of the matches and Mexico qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup , which Aldrete also participated in . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final match against Argentina . Mexico U-23 . Aldrete participated in the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games and was one of the youngest members on the team , being age 18 . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final round match against Honduras . Honours . Club . - Morelia - SuperLiga : 2010 - América - Liga MX : Clausura 2013 - Santos Laguna - Liga MX : Clausura 2015 - Copa MX : Apertura 2014 - Campeón de Campeones : 2015 - Cruz Azul - Liga MX : Guardianes 2021 - Copa MX : Apertura 2018 - Supercopa MX : 2019 - Leagues Cup : 2019 International . - Mexico U-17 - FIFA U-17 World Cup : 2005
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
Which team did Adrián Aldrete play for from 2007 to 2012?
|
/wiki/Adrián_Aldrete#P54#1
|
Adrián Aldrete Adrián Aldrete ( born 14 June 1988 ) is a Mexican professional footballer , who plays as a left-back for Liga MX club Cruz Azul . He was on the Mexico national team that won the FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2005 , considered the Generación Dorada ( Golden Generation ) of Mexicos footballers . Club career . Morelia . Born in Guadalajara , Jalisco , Aldrete began his football career with Monarcas Morelia as a defender and midfielder . During his time as a player in Morelia , Mexico U-17 coach Jesús Ramírez spotted young Aldrete and gave him a spot in the Mexico team in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup , which Mexico would win . After his participation in the World Cup , he was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season because he was not used in the first team and he needed to gain experience . After his six-month loan to Dorados , Aldrete returned to Morelia and made his first appearance on 5 August 2006 under coach Hugo Hernández in a 0–2 defeat against Atlante . In that match , he played the entire match . Aldrete had been a regular starter for Monarcas Morelia . In 2012 after making nearly 200 league appearances for Morelia , it was announced that Aldrete would be transferred to América in May 2012 for the Apertura 2012 season . Dorados ( loan ) . Aldrete was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season . Aldrete made his professional debut as a footballer with Dorados , he made his debut 21 January 2006 at age 17 in a game against Atlante , which ended in a 0–0 draw . During his stint in Sinaloa , Adrian made seven league appearances , scoring an own goal against Monarcas Morelia , his parent club , in a match which ended in a 3–3 draw . He had little participation with the club and returned to Morelia after six months . América . In May 2012 , Aldrete transferred to América for the Apertura 2012 season . He made his debut with the club on 21 July 2012 in a league game against Monterrey . Aldrete won his first league championship with América after defeating cross-town rivals Cruz Azul in the final via a penalty shoot-out . He played 62 minutes until being substituted by Christian Bermúdez . Cruz Azul . On 6 June 2016 , it was announced that Aldrete would join Cruz Azul for the Apertura 2016 in the Liga MX International career . Mexico U-17 . Aldrete was chosen by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Peru . He played as a midfielder in the tournament rather than a defender , which was his natural position . He played the full 90 minutes in each tournament game , although he did not play in the match against Turkey . Aldrete did play the final against Brazil , beating them 3–0 and achieving for Mexico its first U-17 championship . Mexico U-20 . In 2007 Aldrete was chosen again by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2007 U-20 World Cup CONCACAF qualifying tournament , playing in all of the matches and Mexico qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup , which Aldrete also participated in . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final match against Argentina . Mexico U-23 . Aldrete participated in the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games and was one of the youngest members on the team , being age 18 . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final round match against Honduras . Honours . Club . - Morelia - SuperLiga : 2010 - América - Liga MX : Clausura 2013 - Santos Laguna - Liga MX : Clausura 2015 - Copa MX : Apertura 2014 - Campeón de Campeones : 2015 - Cruz Azul - Liga MX : Guardianes 2021 - Copa MX : Apertura 2018 - Supercopa MX : 2019 - Leagues Cup : 2019 International . - Mexico U-17 - FIFA U-17 World Cup : 2005
|
[
"América"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Adrián Aldrete play for from 2012 to 2014?
|
/wiki/Adrián_Aldrete#P54#2
|
Adrián Aldrete Adrián Aldrete ( born 14 June 1988 ) is a Mexican professional footballer , who plays as a left-back for Liga MX club Cruz Azul . He was on the Mexico national team that won the FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2005 , considered the Generación Dorada ( Golden Generation ) of Mexicos footballers . Club career . Morelia . Born in Guadalajara , Jalisco , Aldrete began his football career with Monarcas Morelia as a defender and midfielder . During his time as a player in Morelia , Mexico U-17 coach Jesús Ramírez spotted young Aldrete and gave him a spot in the Mexico team in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup , which Mexico would win . After his participation in the World Cup , he was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season because he was not used in the first team and he needed to gain experience . After his six-month loan to Dorados , Aldrete returned to Morelia and made his first appearance on 5 August 2006 under coach Hugo Hernández in a 0–2 defeat against Atlante . In that match , he played the entire match . Aldrete had been a regular starter for Monarcas Morelia . In 2012 after making nearly 200 league appearances for Morelia , it was announced that Aldrete would be transferred to América in May 2012 for the Apertura 2012 season . Dorados ( loan ) . Aldrete was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season . Aldrete made his professional debut as a footballer with Dorados , he made his debut 21 January 2006 at age 17 in a game against Atlante , which ended in a 0–0 draw . During his stint in Sinaloa , Adrian made seven league appearances , scoring an own goal against Monarcas Morelia , his parent club , in a match which ended in a 3–3 draw . He had little participation with the club and returned to Morelia after six months . América . In May 2012 , Aldrete transferred to América for the Apertura 2012 season . He made his debut with the club on 21 July 2012 in a league game against Monterrey . Aldrete won his first league championship with América after defeating cross-town rivals Cruz Azul in the final via a penalty shoot-out . He played 62 minutes until being substituted by Christian Bermúdez . Cruz Azul . On 6 June 2016 , it was announced that Aldrete would join Cruz Azul for the Apertura 2016 in the Liga MX International career . Mexico U-17 . Aldrete was chosen by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Peru . He played as a midfielder in the tournament rather than a defender , which was his natural position . He played the full 90 minutes in each tournament game , although he did not play in the match against Turkey . Aldrete did play the final against Brazil , beating them 3–0 and achieving for Mexico its first U-17 championship . Mexico U-20 . In 2007 Aldrete was chosen again by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2007 U-20 World Cup CONCACAF qualifying tournament , playing in all of the matches and Mexico qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup , which Aldrete also participated in . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final match against Argentina . Mexico U-23 . Aldrete participated in the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games and was one of the youngest members on the team , being age 18 . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final round match against Honduras . Honours . Club . - Morelia - SuperLiga : 2010 - América - Liga MX : Clausura 2013 - Santos Laguna - Liga MX : Clausura 2015 - Copa MX : Apertura 2014 - Campeón de Campeones : 2015 - Cruz Azul - Liga MX : Guardianes 2021 - Copa MX : Apertura 2018 - Supercopa MX : 2019 - Leagues Cup : 2019 International . - Mexico U-17 - FIFA U-17 World Cup : 2005
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
Which team did Adrián Aldrete play for from 2014 to 2015?
|
/wiki/Adrián_Aldrete#P54#3
|
Adrián Aldrete Adrián Aldrete ( born 14 June 1988 ) is a Mexican professional footballer , who plays as a left-back for Liga MX club Cruz Azul . He was on the Mexico national team that won the FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2005 , considered the Generación Dorada ( Golden Generation ) of Mexicos footballers . Club career . Morelia . Born in Guadalajara , Jalisco , Aldrete began his football career with Monarcas Morelia as a defender and midfielder . During his time as a player in Morelia , Mexico U-17 coach Jesús Ramírez spotted young Aldrete and gave him a spot in the Mexico team in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup , which Mexico would win . After his participation in the World Cup , he was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season because he was not used in the first team and he needed to gain experience . After his six-month loan to Dorados , Aldrete returned to Morelia and made his first appearance on 5 August 2006 under coach Hugo Hernández in a 0–2 defeat against Atlante . In that match , he played the entire match . Aldrete had been a regular starter for Monarcas Morelia . In 2012 after making nearly 200 league appearances for Morelia , it was announced that Aldrete would be transferred to América in May 2012 for the Apertura 2012 season . Dorados ( loan ) . Aldrete was loaned to Dorados de Sinaloa for the Clausura 2006 season . Aldrete made his professional debut as a footballer with Dorados , he made his debut 21 January 2006 at age 17 in a game against Atlante , which ended in a 0–0 draw . During his stint in Sinaloa , Adrian made seven league appearances , scoring an own goal against Monarcas Morelia , his parent club , in a match which ended in a 3–3 draw . He had little participation with the club and returned to Morelia after six months . América . In May 2012 , Aldrete transferred to América for the Apertura 2012 season . He made his debut with the club on 21 July 2012 in a league game against Monterrey . Aldrete won his first league championship with América after defeating cross-town rivals Cruz Azul in the final via a penalty shoot-out . He played 62 minutes until being substituted by Christian Bermúdez . Cruz Azul . On 6 June 2016 , it was announced that Aldrete would join Cruz Azul for the Apertura 2016 in the Liga MX International career . Mexico U-17 . Aldrete was chosen by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2005 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Peru . He played as a midfielder in the tournament rather than a defender , which was his natural position . He played the full 90 minutes in each tournament game , although he did not play in the match against Turkey . Aldrete did play the final against Brazil , beating them 3–0 and achieving for Mexico its first U-17 championship . Mexico U-20 . In 2007 Aldrete was chosen again by coach Jesús Ramírez to participate in the 2007 U-20 World Cup CONCACAF qualifying tournament , playing in all of the matches and Mexico qualified for the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup , which Aldrete also participated in . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final match against Argentina . Mexico U-23 . Aldrete participated in the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games and was one of the youngest members on the team , being age 18 . Mexico was eliminated in a quarter-final round match against Honduras . Honours . Club . - Morelia - SuperLiga : 2010 - América - Liga MX : Clausura 2013 - Santos Laguna - Liga MX : Clausura 2015 - Copa MX : Apertura 2014 - Campeón de Campeones : 2015 - Cruz Azul - Liga MX : Guardianes 2021 - Copa MX : Apertura 2018 - Supercopa MX : 2019 - Leagues Cup : 2019 International . - Mexico U-17 - FIFA U-17 World Cup : 2005
|
[
"Colorado Rapids"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Bouna Coundoul play for from 2005 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#0
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"Senegal national football team",
"Colorado Rapids"
] |
easy
|
Bouna Coundoul played for which team from 2007 to 2009?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#1
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"New York Red Bulls",
"Senegal national football team"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Bouna Coundoul play for from 2009 to 2011?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#2
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"Senegal national football team"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Bouna Coundoul play for from 2011 to 2012?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#3
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"Enosis Neon Paralimni",
"Senegal national football team"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Bouna Coundoul play for from 2012 to 2013?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#4
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"Ethnikos Achna",
"Senegal national football team"
] |
easy
|
Bouna Coundoul played for which team from 2013 to 2015?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#5
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"Platinum Stars",
"Senegal national football team"
] |
easy
|
Bouna Coundoul played for which team from 2015 to 2016?
|
/wiki/Bouna_Coundoul#P54#6
|
Bouna Coundoul Bouna Coundoul ( born March 4 , 1982 ) is a Senegalese former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper . Between 2007 and 2016 he represented the Senegal national team . Youth and college . Born in Dakar , Senegal , Coundoul moved to New York City with his family as a child . He was a standout goalkeeper at Martin Luther King Jr . High School in Manhattan , where he received the All-New York City Goalkeeper of the Year award . Coundoul attended and played for the University at Albany , SUNY . Club career . Colorado Rapids . In 2005 , Coundoul signed with Colorado Rapids , and made his MLS debut on May 13 , 2006 as a substitute for injured starter Joe Cannon in the 10th minute . He then earned his first professional start and shutout the next game , in a 1–0 victory over Los Angeles Galaxy on May 20 . In the first game of the 2007 MLS season , at which he arrived wearing traditional Senegalese garb , he contributed to the 2–1 victory over D.C . United with a diving stop in the last minute . In an interview that year , he created his trademark phrase , Bouna Time ! which grew and spread as a chant in the supporters sections as well as being promoted by the team . In January 2009 , Coundoul failed to agree terms on a new contract with the Rapids and was released . Coundoul appeared in 52 league matches during his career with Colorado , posting 16 shutouts and a 1.16 goals against average . New York Red Bulls . On June 29 , 2009 , New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer signed Coundoul after acquiring his rights from Colorado in exchange for allocation money . He made his debut for the Red Bulls on July 25 , in an away match against his former club Colorado . By the end of the season , Coundoul established himself as New Yorks first choice keeper and ended the 2009 campaign appearing in 9 league matches posting 2 shutouts and a 1.25 goals against average . On March 20 , 2010 , Coundoul started for Red Bulls in a 3–1 victory against Santos FC , which was the first match played at the new Red Bull Arena . On October 2 , 2010 Coundoul made a career-high 12 saves in the Red Bulls’ 1–0 victory over the Kansas City Wizards , which clinched a playoff berth for New York and propelled it to first place in the Eastern Conference . The shutout was Coundoul’s 10th of the season , setting a new franchise season record and resulted in Coundoul being named MLS Player of the Week for Week 27 . On October 21 , 2010 Coundoul recorded his 11th clean sheet of the season in helping Red Bull to a 2–0 victory over New England Revolution which helped the club clinch the regular season Eastern Conference title . Coundoul ended the 2010 campaign appearing in 27 matches , and registering a career-best 1.04 goals against average . He became second choice following the arrival of Frank Rost . On November 30 , 2011 , the Red Bulls declined the 2012 option on Coundouls contract , making him eligible for the 2011 MLS Re-Entry Draft . Coundoul was not selected in the draft and became a free agent . Europe . Coundoul joined Championship club Doncaster Rovers on a trial in February 2012 , but did not sign a contract there . After a one-week trial with Vaasan Palloseura in the Finnish Veikkausliiga , on March 16 , 2012 he signed a short-term deal until July 2012 . Coundoul signed for Enosis Neon Paralimni of Cyprus on August 18 , 2012 , and July 2013 , he signed a two-year contract with Ethnikos Achna of Cyprus . South Africa . In February 2015 Coundoul signed with South African side Platinum Stars F.C . He signed a three-year extension with the club in June 2015 but retired in summer 2016 . International career . For his performances during the 2007 MLS season , Coundoul was awarded a call-up to the Senegal national football team . On November 23 , 2007 , he was named to the Senegalese roster for the African Cup of Nations . He was capped in their final game against South Africa after regular goalkeeper Tony Sylva broke curfew and was suspended from the team . The game ended in a 1–1 draw , with Coundoul making several strong saves . After years of being a fringe player for the national team , Coundoul was named to Senegals squad for the 2012 African Cup of Nations . Coundoul was first-choice goalkeeper for the first two matches of the group stage against Zambia and Equatorial Guinea which both ended in upset defeats for Senegal . For the third and final match of the group stage , Amara Traoré chose Khadim NDiaye to start in goal over Condoul . With that defeat , Senegal was knocked out of the tournament . External links . - stats.cbc.ca
|
[
"secretary to the Speaker of the House of Representatives",
"assistant secretary to the Minister of Interior",
"Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs"
] |
easy
|
What position did Surin Pitsuwan take from 1986 to Nov 1997?
|
/wiki/Surin_Pitsuwan#P39#0
|
Surin Pitsuwan Surin Pitsuwan ( ; ; Yawi : سورين عبدالحاليم بن اسماعيل ڤيتسووان ; October 28 , 1949 – November 30 , 2017 ) was a Thai politician . He was a Thai Malay from Nakhon Si Thammarat . Early years . Surin studied at Thammasat University , Thailand , where he received his BA in political science . He graduated cum laude from Claremont Mens College , California , in political science in 1972 . With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation , he went on to pursue his studies at Harvard University , receiving his MA in 1974 . He spent one and a half years studying Arabic and doing research at the American University in Cairo , Egypt , from 1975 to 1977 . From 1977 to 1980 , he was a researcher for the Human Rights Studies Program , Thai Studies Institute , and the Ford Foundation at Thammasat University . He became a congressional fellow under the sponsorship of the American Political Science Association ( APSA ) from 1983-1984 , working in the US capitol . During this period he taught international relations at the American University in Washington , D.C. . He returned to Harvard to complete his PhD in 1982 . His dissertation was entitled , Islam and Malay Nationalism . Political career . Surin Pitsuwan was elected member of parliament from Nakhon Si Thammarat for the first time in 1986 and became secretary to the Speaker of the House of Representatives the same year . In 1988 , he was appointed assistant secretary to the Minister of Interior . From 1992 until 1995 , he served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs before becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1997 , serving in this capacity until 2001 . Surin Pitsuwan was chairman of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Regional Forum from 1999 until 2000 . In addition to his political career , Surin taught at Thammasat University and wrote for two English daily newspapers in Bangkok between 1980 and 1992 . He was academic assistant to the Dean of the Faculty of Political Science and later to the Vice Rector for Academic Affairs at Thammasat University from 1985 to 1986 . ASEAN Secretary-General . On 18 June 2007 , the Thai cabinet unanimously endorsed the recommendation of the Thai Foreign Ministry that Surin Pitsuwan be nominated as the Thai candidate for Secretary-General of ASEAN . He was confirmed by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers during their 40th annual meeting in Manila in July 2007 and succeeded Ong Keng Yong from Singapore on 1 January 2008 . His term of office was five years . The Economist magazine , commenting that most secretaries-general are usually a senior regional official rewarded with the post as the crowning boondoggle in a career of not rocking the boat , states that Surin is different in that he seeks an activist role in member states . Surin Pitsuwan was the first ASEAN Secretary-General with significant political experience . On 1 January 2013 , he handed over his post to Le Luong Minh , the next ASEAN Secretary-General . On 17 January he announced that he would be ready to take over Thailands education ministry if given the chance . Surins tenure at ASEAN saw the rise of the regional organization into an important global player in international affairs . He will be a hard act to follow , said Professor Amitav Acharya of the American University in Washington D.C . Under Surins stewardship , Acharya said , ASEAN moved away from the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of member states that had been used by some to deflect criticisms of their human rights records , and the grouping succeeded in setting up its own Human Rights Commission . The change in direction followed Surins advocacy of a policy of flexible engagement towards Myanmar when he was Foreign Minister from 1997 through 2000 . The policy called for increasing interactions with Myanmar leaders when they took steps towards reform , and building people-to-people contacts between nations . Prior to that , ASEAN had been criticized by some for its policy of constructive engagement , which detractors said was simply a cover for business persons to ignore government repression . Acharya said that Surin would be remembered for guiding the grouping through challenging times , including the opening up of Myanmar , the United States entry into the East Asia Summit , and rising tensions over the South China Sea . He was the most active , open and globalized ASEAN secretary-general ever , he said . An editorial in the Jakarta Post lauded Surin as the most effective of the 12 secretary-generals in the groups history . Affiliations . Since 2003 , he was a member of the board of trustees for The Asia Foundation . Since October 2013 , Surin served as on the board of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue ( HD ) , a private diplomacy organization whose mission is to prevent armed violence through mediation and dialogue . Surin was a member of the Commission on Human Security , a member of the Advisory Board of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty , and a member of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization . Surins eldest son , Fuadi Pitsuwan , announced the formation of the Surin Pitsuwan Foundation in 2019 . The foundation will focus on three areas : education , diplomacy , and human security . The foundation will provide scholarships to ASEAN students to study abroad , within and without the region , to spur ASEAN integration and encourage academic excellence . The foundation will fund diplomacy programs in interfaith dialogue and conflict resolution to further ASEAN integration . On human security , the foundation will assist in disaster relief and respond to development needs that will help secure the future of ASEANs citizens . Death . Surin died on 30 November 2017 of heart failure . He collapsed while preparing to address the Thailand Halal Assembly 2017 in Bangkok . He was 68 . Honours . Surin has received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand : - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant Foreign honour . - : Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( P.S.M. ) ( 2015 ) - : Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry - Distinguished Fellow of JICA-RI Academic rank . - Professor Emeritus of Thammasat University External links . - PROFILE Surin Pitsuwan : A Bridge between East and West - Biography - Video Speech by Pitsuwan - Insurgency in the south - Malay-Muslim Insurgency Gaining Ground
|
[
"Minister of Foreign Affairs"
] |
easy
|
Surin Pitsuwan took which position from Nov 1997 to Feb 2001?
|
/wiki/Surin_Pitsuwan#P39#1
|
Surin Pitsuwan Surin Pitsuwan ( ; ; Yawi : سورين عبدالحاليم بن اسماعيل ڤيتسووان ; October 28 , 1949 – November 30 , 2017 ) was a Thai politician . He was a Thai Malay from Nakhon Si Thammarat . Early years . Surin studied at Thammasat University , Thailand , where he received his BA in political science . He graduated cum laude from Claremont Mens College , California , in political science in 1972 . With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation , he went on to pursue his studies at Harvard University , receiving his MA in 1974 . He spent one and a half years studying Arabic and doing research at the American University in Cairo , Egypt , from 1975 to 1977 . From 1977 to 1980 , he was a researcher for the Human Rights Studies Program , Thai Studies Institute , and the Ford Foundation at Thammasat University . He became a congressional fellow under the sponsorship of the American Political Science Association ( APSA ) from 1983-1984 , working in the US capitol . During this period he taught international relations at the American University in Washington , D.C. . He returned to Harvard to complete his PhD in 1982 . His dissertation was entitled , Islam and Malay Nationalism . Political career . Surin Pitsuwan was elected member of parliament from Nakhon Si Thammarat for the first time in 1986 and became secretary to the Speaker of the House of Representatives the same year . In 1988 , he was appointed assistant secretary to the Minister of Interior . From 1992 until 1995 , he served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs before becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1997 , serving in this capacity until 2001 . Surin Pitsuwan was chairman of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Regional Forum from 1999 until 2000 . In addition to his political career , Surin taught at Thammasat University and wrote for two English daily newspapers in Bangkok between 1980 and 1992 . He was academic assistant to the Dean of the Faculty of Political Science and later to the Vice Rector for Academic Affairs at Thammasat University from 1985 to 1986 . ASEAN Secretary-General . On 18 June 2007 , the Thai cabinet unanimously endorsed the recommendation of the Thai Foreign Ministry that Surin Pitsuwan be nominated as the Thai candidate for Secretary-General of ASEAN . He was confirmed by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers during their 40th annual meeting in Manila in July 2007 and succeeded Ong Keng Yong from Singapore on 1 January 2008 . His term of office was five years . The Economist magazine , commenting that most secretaries-general are usually a senior regional official rewarded with the post as the crowning boondoggle in a career of not rocking the boat , states that Surin is different in that he seeks an activist role in member states . Surin Pitsuwan was the first ASEAN Secretary-General with significant political experience . On 1 January 2013 , he handed over his post to Le Luong Minh , the next ASEAN Secretary-General . On 17 January he announced that he would be ready to take over Thailands education ministry if given the chance . Surins tenure at ASEAN saw the rise of the regional organization into an important global player in international affairs . He will be a hard act to follow , said Professor Amitav Acharya of the American University in Washington D.C . Under Surins stewardship , Acharya said , ASEAN moved away from the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of member states that had been used by some to deflect criticisms of their human rights records , and the grouping succeeded in setting up its own Human Rights Commission . The change in direction followed Surins advocacy of a policy of flexible engagement towards Myanmar when he was Foreign Minister from 1997 through 2000 . The policy called for increasing interactions with Myanmar leaders when they took steps towards reform , and building people-to-people contacts between nations . Prior to that , ASEAN had been criticized by some for its policy of constructive engagement , which detractors said was simply a cover for business persons to ignore government repression . Acharya said that Surin would be remembered for guiding the grouping through challenging times , including the opening up of Myanmar , the United States entry into the East Asia Summit , and rising tensions over the South China Sea . He was the most active , open and globalized ASEAN secretary-general ever , he said . An editorial in the Jakarta Post lauded Surin as the most effective of the 12 secretary-generals in the groups history . Affiliations . Since 2003 , he was a member of the board of trustees for The Asia Foundation . Since October 2013 , Surin served as on the board of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue ( HD ) , a private diplomacy organization whose mission is to prevent armed violence through mediation and dialogue . Surin was a member of the Commission on Human Security , a member of the Advisory Board of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty , and a member of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization . Surins eldest son , Fuadi Pitsuwan , announced the formation of the Surin Pitsuwan Foundation in 2019 . The foundation will focus on three areas : education , diplomacy , and human security . The foundation will provide scholarships to ASEAN students to study abroad , within and without the region , to spur ASEAN integration and encourage academic excellence . The foundation will fund diplomacy programs in interfaith dialogue and conflict resolution to further ASEAN integration . On human security , the foundation will assist in disaster relief and respond to development needs that will help secure the future of ASEANs citizens . Death . Surin died on 30 November 2017 of heart failure . He collapsed while preparing to address the Thailand Halal Assembly 2017 in Bangkok . He was 68 . Honours . Surin has received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand : - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant Foreign honour . - : Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( P.S.M. ) ( 2015 ) - : Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry - Distinguished Fellow of JICA-RI Academic rank . - Professor Emeritus of Thammasat University External links . - PROFILE Surin Pitsuwan : A Bridge between East and West - Biography - Video Speech by Pitsuwan - Insurgency in the south - Malay-Muslim Insurgency Gaining Ground
|
[
""
] |
easy
|
What position did Surin Pitsuwan take from Feb 2001 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Surin_Pitsuwan#P39#2
|
Surin Pitsuwan Surin Pitsuwan ( ; ; Yawi : سورين عبدالحاليم بن اسماعيل ڤيتسووان ; October 28 , 1949 – November 30 , 2017 ) was a Thai politician . He was a Thai Malay from Nakhon Si Thammarat . Early years . Surin studied at Thammasat University , Thailand , where he received his BA in political science . He graduated cum laude from Claremont Mens College , California , in political science in 1972 . With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation , he went on to pursue his studies at Harvard University , receiving his MA in 1974 . He spent one and a half years studying Arabic and doing research at the American University in Cairo , Egypt , from 1975 to 1977 . From 1977 to 1980 , he was a researcher for the Human Rights Studies Program , Thai Studies Institute , and the Ford Foundation at Thammasat University . He became a congressional fellow under the sponsorship of the American Political Science Association ( APSA ) from 1983-1984 , working in the US capitol . During this period he taught international relations at the American University in Washington , D.C. . He returned to Harvard to complete his PhD in 1982 . His dissertation was entitled , Islam and Malay Nationalism . Political career . Surin Pitsuwan was elected member of parliament from Nakhon Si Thammarat for the first time in 1986 and became secretary to the Speaker of the House of Representatives the same year . In 1988 , he was appointed assistant secretary to the Minister of Interior . From 1992 until 1995 , he served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs before becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1997 , serving in this capacity until 2001 . Surin Pitsuwan was chairman of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Regional Forum from 1999 until 2000 . In addition to his political career , Surin taught at Thammasat University and wrote for two English daily newspapers in Bangkok between 1980 and 1992 . He was academic assistant to the Dean of the Faculty of Political Science and later to the Vice Rector for Academic Affairs at Thammasat University from 1985 to 1986 . ASEAN Secretary-General . On 18 June 2007 , the Thai cabinet unanimously endorsed the recommendation of the Thai Foreign Ministry that Surin Pitsuwan be nominated as the Thai candidate for Secretary-General of ASEAN . He was confirmed by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers during their 40th annual meeting in Manila in July 2007 and succeeded Ong Keng Yong from Singapore on 1 January 2008 . His term of office was five years . The Economist magazine , commenting that most secretaries-general are usually a senior regional official rewarded with the post as the crowning boondoggle in a career of not rocking the boat , states that Surin is different in that he seeks an activist role in member states . Surin Pitsuwan was the first ASEAN Secretary-General with significant political experience . On 1 January 2013 , he handed over his post to Le Luong Minh , the next ASEAN Secretary-General . On 17 January he announced that he would be ready to take over Thailands education ministry if given the chance . Surins tenure at ASEAN saw the rise of the regional organization into an important global player in international affairs . He will be a hard act to follow , said Professor Amitav Acharya of the American University in Washington D.C . Under Surins stewardship , Acharya said , ASEAN moved away from the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of member states that had been used by some to deflect criticisms of their human rights records , and the grouping succeeded in setting up its own Human Rights Commission . The change in direction followed Surins advocacy of a policy of flexible engagement towards Myanmar when he was Foreign Minister from 1997 through 2000 . The policy called for increasing interactions with Myanmar leaders when they took steps towards reform , and building people-to-people contacts between nations . Prior to that , ASEAN had been criticized by some for its policy of constructive engagement , which detractors said was simply a cover for business persons to ignore government repression . Acharya said that Surin would be remembered for guiding the grouping through challenging times , including the opening up of Myanmar , the United States entry into the East Asia Summit , and rising tensions over the South China Sea . He was the most active , open and globalized ASEAN secretary-general ever , he said . An editorial in the Jakarta Post lauded Surin as the most effective of the 12 secretary-generals in the groups history . Affiliations . Since 2003 , he was a member of the board of trustees for The Asia Foundation . Since October 2013 , Surin served as on the board of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue ( HD ) , a private diplomacy organization whose mission is to prevent armed violence through mediation and dialogue . Surin was a member of the Commission on Human Security , a member of the Advisory Board of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty , and a member of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization . Surins eldest son , Fuadi Pitsuwan , announced the formation of the Surin Pitsuwan Foundation in 2019 . The foundation will focus on three areas : education , diplomacy , and human security . The foundation will provide scholarships to ASEAN students to study abroad , within and without the region , to spur ASEAN integration and encourage academic excellence . The foundation will fund diplomacy programs in interfaith dialogue and conflict resolution to further ASEAN integration . On human security , the foundation will assist in disaster relief and respond to development needs that will help secure the future of ASEANs citizens . Death . Surin died on 30 November 2017 of heart failure . He collapsed while preparing to address the Thailand Halal Assembly 2017 in Bangkok . He was 68 . Honours . Surin has received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand : - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant Foreign honour . - : Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( P.S.M. ) ( 2015 ) - : Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry - Distinguished Fellow of JICA-RI Academic rank . - Professor Emeritus of Thammasat University External links . - PROFILE Surin Pitsuwan : A Bridge between East and West - Biography - Video Speech by Pitsuwan - Insurgency in the south - Malay-Muslim Insurgency Gaining Ground
|
[
"Secretary-General"
] |
easy
|
Surin Pitsuwan took which position from 2008 to Dec 2012?
|
/wiki/Surin_Pitsuwan#P39#3
|
Surin Pitsuwan Surin Pitsuwan ( ; ; Yawi : سورين عبدالحاليم بن اسماعيل ڤيتسووان ; October 28 , 1949 – November 30 , 2017 ) was a Thai politician . He was a Thai Malay from Nakhon Si Thammarat . Early years . Surin studied at Thammasat University , Thailand , where he received his BA in political science . He graduated cum laude from Claremont Mens College , California , in political science in 1972 . With the support of the Rockefeller Foundation , he went on to pursue his studies at Harvard University , receiving his MA in 1974 . He spent one and a half years studying Arabic and doing research at the American University in Cairo , Egypt , from 1975 to 1977 . From 1977 to 1980 , he was a researcher for the Human Rights Studies Program , Thai Studies Institute , and the Ford Foundation at Thammasat University . He became a congressional fellow under the sponsorship of the American Political Science Association ( APSA ) from 1983-1984 , working in the US capitol . During this period he taught international relations at the American University in Washington , D.C. . He returned to Harvard to complete his PhD in 1982 . His dissertation was entitled , Islam and Malay Nationalism . Political career . Surin Pitsuwan was elected member of parliament from Nakhon Si Thammarat for the first time in 1986 and became secretary to the Speaker of the House of Representatives the same year . In 1988 , he was appointed assistant secretary to the Minister of Interior . From 1992 until 1995 , he served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs before becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1997 , serving in this capacity until 2001 . Surin Pitsuwan was chairman of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Regional Forum from 1999 until 2000 . In addition to his political career , Surin taught at Thammasat University and wrote for two English daily newspapers in Bangkok between 1980 and 1992 . He was academic assistant to the Dean of the Faculty of Political Science and later to the Vice Rector for Academic Affairs at Thammasat University from 1985 to 1986 . ASEAN Secretary-General . On 18 June 2007 , the Thai cabinet unanimously endorsed the recommendation of the Thai Foreign Ministry that Surin Pitsuwan be nominated as the Thai candidate for Secretary-General of ASEAN . He was confirmed by the ASEAN Foreign Ministers during their 40th annual meeting in Manila in July 2007 and succeeded Ong Keng Yong from Singapore on 1 January 2008 . His term of office was five years . The Economist magazine , commenting that most secretaries-general are usually a senior regional official rewarded with the post as the crowning boondoggle in a career of not rocking the boat , states that Surin is different in that he seeks an activist role in member states . Surin Pitsuwan was the first ASEAN Secretary-General with significant political experience . On 1 January 2013 , he handed over his post to Le Luong Minh , the next ASEAN Secretary-General . On 17 January he announced that he would be ready to take over Thailands education ministry if given the chance . Surins tenure at ASEAN saw the rise of the regional organization into an important global player in international affairs . He will be a hard act to follow , said Professor Amitav Acharya of the American University in Washington D.C . Under Surins stewardship , Acharya said , ASEAN moved away from the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of member states that had been used by some to deflect criticisms of their human rights records , and the grouping succeeded in setting up its own Human Rights Commission . The change in direction followed Surins advocacy of a policy of flexible engagement towards Myanmar when he was Foreign Minister from 1997 through 2000 . The policy called for increasing interactions with Myanmar leaders when they took steps towards reform , and building people-to-people contacts between nations . Prior to that , ASEAN had been criticized by some for its policy of constructive engagement , which detractors said was simply a cover for business persons to ignore government repression . Acharya said that Surin would be remembered for guiding the grouping through challenging times , including the opening up of Myanmar , the United States entry into the East Asia Summit , and rising tensions over the South China Sea . He was the most active , open and globalized ASEAN secretary-general ever , he said . An editorial in the Jakarta Post lauded Surin as the most effective of the 12 secretary-generals in the groups history . Affiliations . Since 2003 , he was a member of the board of trustees for The Asia Foundation . Since October 2013 , Surin served as on the board of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue ( HD ) , a private diplomacy organization whose mission is to prevent armed violence through mediation and dialogue . Surin was a member of the Commission on Human Security , a member of the Advisory Board of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty , and a member of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization . Surins eldest son , Fuadi Pitsuwan , announced the formation of the Surin Pitsuwan Foundation in 2019 . The foundation will focus on three areas : education , diplomacy , and human security . The foundation will provide scholarships to ASEAN students to study abroad , within and without the region , to spur ASEAN integration and encourage academic excellence . The foundation will fund diplomacy programs in interfaith dialogue and conflict resolution to further ASEAN integration . On human security , the foundation will assist in disaster relief and respond to development needs that will help secure the future of ASEANs citizens . Death . Surin died on 30 November 2017 of heart failure . He collapsed while preparing to address the Thailand Halal Assembly 2017 in Bangkok . He was 68 . Honours . Surin has received the following royal decorations in the Honours System of Thailand : - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand - Knight Grand Cordon ( Special Class ) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant Foreign honour . - : Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia ( P.S.M. ) ( 2015 ) - : Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry - Distinguished Fellow of JICA-RI Academic rank . - Professor Emeritus of Thammasat University External links . - PROFILE Surin Pitsuwan : A Bridge between East and West - Biography - Video Speech by Pitsuwan - Insurgency in the south - Malay-Muslim Insurgency Gaining Ground
|
[
"Tolka Rovers"
] |
easy
|
Philip Hughes (footballer, born 1981) played for which team from 1999 to 2000?
|
/wiki/Philip_Hughes_(footballer,_born_1981)#P54#0
|
Philip Hughes ( footballer , born 1981 ) Philip Hughes ( born 12 September 1981 ) is an Irish footballer who plays for St . Mochtas in the Leinster Senior League . Hughes plays as a forward . Career . Early career . Hughes , a much travelled player , began his football career with Tolka Rovers during the 1999–00 season , scoring nine goals in 22 appearances . His performances at intermediate level did not go unnoticed when he made the step up to League of Ireland football with St . Francis at the beginning of the 2000–01 season . Hughes was snapped up by St . Patricks Athletic later that season . First team opportunities at Richmond Park became difficult to obtain for Hughes resulting in his departure on loan to First Division Kilkenny City during the 2001–02 season . Hughes scored 15 goals in 20 games for Kilkenny that season . His impressive form with Kilkenny saw him recalled to St . Patricks Athletic , but yet again first team opportunities were limited for Hughes . Kildare County , Dublin City and UCD . Hughes departed St . Pats at the end of the 2002–03 campaign , to join Kildare County for the first summer soccer season of 2003 . He became a regular in the county side that season helping them to a fifth-place finish in the First Division with a contribution of 10 goals in 33 league appearances . Hughes departed County after that season to join Dublin City , who had achieved promotion to the League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2004 season . It was a difficult season for Hughes as scored just three goals in 20 appearances for the struggling Vikings , and he was initially released along with 14 other players by new Dublin City manager Roddy Collins in a mid-season cull . Hughes joined First Division UCD on loan for the remainder of the 2004 season , where he scored three goals in 12 appearances to help the Students to promotion to the Premier Division . Monaghan United and Dundalk . Hughes next destination was First Division Monaghan United for the 2005 season . He scored eight goals in 25 appearances that season for the Mons before joining his former manager at Kilkenny , Kildare and Dublin City , John Gill at First Division promotion chasing Dundalk . Hughes made his Dundalk debut on the first day of the 2006 League of Ireland First Division season in a 2–1 defeat away to Shamrock Rovers at Tolka Park on 10 March 2006 . He went on to score 21 goals that season for the Lilywhites helping them to a second-place finish and a play-off victory over Waterford United . Despite that victory Dundalk did not achieve promotion as they failed to qualify on criteria for the FAIs revamped Premier Division . Hughes 2006 season attracted interest from numerous Premier Division clubs including Bohemians , but despite this interest , Hughes chose to remain at Dundalk for the 2007 First Division season . The 2007 campaign started brightly for Hughes and Dundalk as they set the pace in the First Division up to the mid-season point . Hughes lost form and struggled for fitness for the remainder of the season and his goal tally was only at six goals by the end of the season . Shelbourne and Kildare County . Hughes was released by Dundalk immediately after the conclusion of the 2007 season , but he did not wait long to find a new club when he joined Shelbourne on 29 November 2007 . He made his Shelbourne debut in a scoreless draw against his former club Dundalk at Tolka Park on 7 March 2008 . Hughes once again struggled for fitness at Shelbourne and as a consequence he was restricted to mainly substitute appearances . He departed the club on 14 July 2008 , after just half a season to rejoin his former club Kildare County . Following the conclusion of the 2008 season , Hughes departed Kildare County to join Leinster Senior League Senior Division outfit Phoenix F.C . but the striker returned to County on 4 June 2009 for a third spell . Despite playing in a struggling Kildare team at the foot of the First Division , Hughes recaptured his goalscoring touch in his third spell at County scoring 7 goals in 19 league appearances . Kildare County went into liquidation shortly before their final game of 2009 against Shelbourne and following the resignation of Kildare manager Joey Summerville , Hughes took the managers role for the Thoroughbreds final game in football . Return to Monaghan United and Shelbourne . On 21 December 2009 it was announced by Monaghan United that Hughes would be returning to the club for a second spell in the 2010 season . Hughes carried forward his recaptured form in 2009 to Monaghan as he scored an impressive 22 goals in 44 competitive games . However Hughes goalscoring touch could not prevent Monaghan narrowly missing out on promotion to the Premier Division after a play-off defeat to Bray Wanderers . At the end of 2010 season Hughes once again moved club this time joining Monaghan United teammate Barry Clancy at Shelbourne for his second spell at the Tolka Park club . Hughes signed a new contract with Shelbourne in November 2012 despite being offered more money by Drogheda United and Bohemians At the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season Hughes is joint seventeenth in the all-time League of Ireland goalscoring list with 130 league goals St Patricks Athletic Loan . Hughes was announced as the Saints second summer signing on 2 July 2013 on loan from Dublin rivals Shelbourne . Hughes was given the number 27 shirt and made his first appearance since his return to the club on 4 July , in the Europa League away to Žalgiris at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius , Lithuania . Drogheda & Bray Wanderers . Hughes agreed to join Drogheda United for the 2014 League of Ireland season , but midway through the season he signed for Bray Wanderers . Honours . - St Patricks Athletic - League of Ireland ( 1 ) 2013 - League of Ireland Cup ( 2 ) 2001 , 2003 External links . - Philip Hughes profile at www.shelbournefc.com
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[
"St . Francis"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Philip Hughes (footballer, born 1981) play for from 2000 to 2001?
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/wiki/Philip_Hughes_(footballer,_born_1981)#P54#1
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Philip Hughes ( footballer , born 1981 ) Philip Hughes ( born 12 September 1981 ) is an Irish footballer who plays for St . Mochtas in the Leinster Senior League . Hughes plays as a forward . Career . Early career . Hughes , a much travelled player , began his football career with Tolka Rovers during the 1999–00 season , scoring nine goals in 22 appearances . His performances at intermediate level did not go unnoticed when he made the step up to League of Ireland football with St . Francis at the beginning of the 2000–01 season . Hughes was snapped up by St . Patricks Athletic later that season . First team opportunities at Richmond Park became difficult to obtain for Hughes resulting in his departure on loan to First Division Kilkenny City during the 2001–02 season . Hughes scored 15 goals in 20 games for Kilkenny that season . His impressive form with Kilkenny saw him recalled to St . Patricks Athletic , but yet again first team opportunities were limited for Hughes . Kildare County , Dublin City and UCD . Hughes departed St . Pats at the end of the 2002–03 campaign , to join Kildare County for the first summer soccer season of 2003 . He became a regular in the county side that season helping them to a fifth-place finish in the First Division with a contribution of 10 goals in 33 league appearances . Hughes departed County after that season to join Dublin City , who had achieved promotion to the League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2004 season . It was a difficult season for Hughes as scored just three goals in 20 appearances for the struggling Vikings , and he was initially released along with 14 other players by new Dublin City manager Roddy Collins in a mid-season cull . Hughes joined First Division UCD on loan for the remainder of the 2004 season , where he scored three goals in 12 appearances to help the Students to promotion to the Premier Division . Monaghan United and Dundalk . Hughes next destination was First Division Monaghan United for the 2005 season . He scored eight goals in 25 appearances that season for the Mons before joining his former manager at Kilkenny , Kildare and Dublin City , John Gill at First Division promotion chasing Dundalk . Hughes made his Dundalk debut on the first day of the 2006 League of Ireland First Division season in a 2–1 defeat away to Shamrock Rovers at Tolka Park on 10 March 2006 . He went on to score 21 goals that season for the Lilywhites helping them to a second-place finish and a play-off victory over Waterford United . Despite that victory Dundalk did not achieve promotion as they failed to qualify on criteria for the FAIs revamped Premier Division . Hughes 2006 season attracted interest from numerous Premier Division clubs including Bohemians , but despite this interest , Hughes chose to remain at Dundalk for the 2007 First Division season . The 2007 campaign started brightly for Hughes and Dundalk as they set the pace in the First Division up to the mid-season point . Hughes lost form and struggled for fitness for the remainder of the season and his goal tally was only at six goals by the end of the season . Shelbourne and Kildare County . Hughes was released by Dundalk immediately after the conclusion of the 2007 season , but he did not wait long to find a new club when he joined Shelbourne on 29 November 2007 . He made his Shelbourne debut in a scoreless draw against his former club Dundalk at Tolka Park on 7 March 2008 . Hughes once again struggled for fitness at Shelbourne and as a consequence he was restricted to mainly substitute appearances . He departed the club on 14 July 2008 , after just half a season to rejoin his former club Kildare County . Following the conclusion of the 2008 season , Hughes departed Kildare County to join Leinster Senior League Senior Division outfit Phoenix F.C . but the striker returned to County on 4 June 2009 for a third spell . Despite playing in a struggling Kildare team at the foot of the First Division , Hughes recaptured his goalscoring touch in his third spell at County scoring 7 goals in 19 league appearances . Kildare County went into liquidation shortly before their final game of 2009 against Shelbourne and following the resignation of Kildare manager Joey Summerville , Hughes took the managers role for the Thoroughbreds final game in football . Return to Monaghan United and Shelbourne . On 21 December 2009 it was announced by Monaghan United that Hughes would be returning to the club for a second spell in the 2010 season . Hughes carried forward his recaptured form in 2009 to Monaghan as he scored an impressive 22 goals in 44 competitive games . However Hughes goalscoring touch could not prevent Monaghan narrowly missing out on promotion to the Premier Division after a play-off defeat to Bray Wanderers . At the end of 2010 season Hughes once again moved club this time joining Monaghan United teammate Barry Clancy at Shelbourne for his second spell at the Tolka Park club . Hughes signed a new contract with Shelbourne in November 2012 despite being offered more money by Drogheda United and Bohemians At the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season Hughes is joint seventeenth in the all-time League of Ireland goalscoring list with 130 league goals St Patricks Athletic Loan . Hughes was announced as the Saints second summer signing on 2 July 2013 on loan from Dublin rivals Shelbourne . Hughes was given the number 27 shirt and made his first appearance since his return to the club on 4 July , in the Europa League away to Žalgiris at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius , Lithuania . Drogheda & Bray Wanderers . Hughes agreed to join Drogheda United for the 2014 League of Ireland season , but midway through the season he signed for Bray Wanderers . Honours . - St Patricks Athletic - League of Ireland ( 1 ) 2013 - League of Ireland Cup ( 2 ) 2001 , 2003 External links . - Philip Hughes profile at www.shelbournefc.com
|
[
"St Patricks Athletic"
] |
easy
|
Philip Hughes (footballer, born 1981) played for which team from 2001 to 2002?
|
/wiki/Philip_Hughes_(footballer,_born_1981)#P54#2
|
Philip Hughes ( footballer , born 1981 ) Philip Hughes ( born 12 September 1981 ) is an Irish footballer who plays for St . Mochtas in the Leinster Senior League . Hughes plays as a forward . Career . Early career . Hughes , a much travelled player , began his football career with Tolka Rovers during the 1999–00 season , scoring nine goals in 22 appearances . His performances at intermediate level did not go unnoticed when he made the step up to League of Ireland football with St . Francis at the beginning of the 2000–01 season . Hughes was snapped up by St . Patricks Athletic later that season . First team opportunities at Richmond Park became difficult to obtain for Hughes resulting in his departure on loan to First Division Kilkenny City during the 2001–02 season . Hughes scored 15 goals in 20 games for Kilkenny that season . His impressive form with Kilkenny saw him recalled to St . Patricks Athletic , but yet again first team opportunities were limited for Hughes . Kildare County , Dublin City and UCD . Hughes departed St . Pats at the end of the 2002–03 campaign , to join Kildare County for the first summer soccer season of 2003 . He became a regular in the county side that season helping them to a fifth-place finish in the First Division with a contribution of 10 goals in 33 league appearances . Hughes departed County after that season to join Dublin City , who had achieved promotion to the League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2004 season . It was a difficult season for Hughes as scored just three goals in 20 appearances for the struggling Vikings , and he was initially released along with 14 other players by new Dublin City manager Roddy Collins in a mid-season cull . Hughes joined First Division UCD on loan for the remainder of the 2004 season , where he scored three goals in 12 appearances to help the Students to promotion to the Premier Division . Monaghan United and Dundalk . Hughes next destination was First Division Monaghan United for the 2005 season . He scored eight goals in 25 appearances that season for the Mons before joining his former manager at Kilkenny , Kildare and Dublin City , John Gill at First Division promotion chasing Dundalk . Hughes made his Dundalk debut on the first day of the 2006 League of Ireland First Division season in a 2–1 defeat away to Shamrock Rovers at Tolka Park on 10 March 2006 . He went on to score 21 goals that season for the Lilywhites helping them to a second-place finish and a play-off victory over Waterford United . Despite that victory Dundalk did not achieve promotion as they failed to qualify on criteria for the FAIs revamped Premier Division . Hughes 2006 season attracted interest from numerous Premier Division clubs including Bohemians , but despite this interest , Hughes chose to remain at Dundalk for the 2007 First Division season . The 2007 campaign started brightly for Hughes and Dundalk as they set the pace in the First Division up to the mid-season point . Hughes lost form and struggled for fitness for the remainder of the season and his goal tally was only at six goals by the end of the season . Shelbourne and Kildare County . Hughes was released by Dundalk immediately after the conclusion of the 2007 season , but he did not wait long to find a new club when he joined Shelbourne on 29 November 2007 . He made his Shelbourne debut in a scoreless draw against his former club Dundalk at Tolka Park on 7 March 2008 . Hughes once again struggled for fitness at Shelbourne and as a consequence he was restricted to mainly substitute appearances . He departed the club on 14 July 2008 , after just half a season to rejoin his former club Kildare County . Following the conclusion of the 2008 season , Hughes departed Kildare County to join Leinster Senior League Senior Division outfit Phoenix F.C . but the striker returned to County on 4 June 2009 for a third spell . Despite playing in a struggling Kildare team at the foot of the First Division , Hughes recaptured his goalscoring touch in his third spell at County scoring 7 goals in 19 league appearances . Kildare County went into liquidation shortly before their final game of 2009 against Shelbourne and following the resignation of Kildare manager Joey Summerville , Hughes took the managers role for the Thoroughbreds final game in football . Return to Monaghan United and Shelbourne . On 21 December 2009 it was announced by Monaghan United that Hughes would be returning to the club for a second spell in the 2010 season . Hughes carried forward his recaptured form in 2009 to Monaghan as he scored an impressive 22 goals in 44 competitive games . However Hughes goalscoring touch could not prevent Monaghan narrowly missing out on promotion to the Premier Division after a play-off defeat to Bray Wanderers . At the end of 2010 season Hughes once again moved club this time joining Monaghan United teammate Barry Clancy at Shelbourne for his second spell at the Tolka Park club . Hughes signed a new contract with Shelbourne in November 2012 despite being offered more money by Drogheda United and Bohemians At the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season Hughes is joint seventeenth in the all-time League of Ireland goalscoring list with 130 league goals St Patricks Athletic Loan . Hughes was announced as the Saints second summer signing on 2 July 2013 on loan from Dublin rivals Shelbourne . Hughes was given the number 27 shirt and made his first appearance since his return to the club on 4 July , in the Europa League away to Žalgiris at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius , Lithuania . Drogheda & Bray Wanderers . Hughes agreed to join Drogheda United for the 2014 League of Ireland season , but midway through the season he signed for Bray Wanderers . Honours . - St Patricks Athletic - League of Ireland ( 1 ) 2013 - League of Ireland Cup ( 2 ) 2001 , 2003 External links . - Philip Hughes profile at www.shelbournefc.com
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[
"Kilkenny City",
"Kildare County"
] |
easy
|
Which team did Philip Hughes (footballer, born 1981) play for from 2002 to 2003?
|
/wiki/Philip_Hughes_(footballer,_born_1981)#P54#3
|
Philip Hughes ( footballer , born 1981 ) Philip Hughes ( born 12 September 1981 ) is an Irish footballer who plays for St . Mochtas in the Leinster Senior League . Hughes plays as a forward . Career . Early career . Hughes , a much travelled player , began his football career with Tolka Rovers during the 1999–00 season , scoring nine goals in 22 appearances . His performances at intermediate level did not go unnoticed when he made the step up to League of Ireland football with St . Francis at the beginning of the 2000–01 season . Hughes was snapped up by St . Patricks Athletic later that season . First team opportunities at Richmond Park became difficult to obtain for Hughes resulting in his departure on loan to First Division Kilkenny City during the 2001–02 season . Hughes scored 15 goals in 20 games for Kilkenny that season . His impressive form with Kilkenny saw him recalled to St . Patricks Athletic , but yet again first team opportunities were limited for Hughes . Kildare County , Dublin City and UCD . Hughes departed St . Pats at the end of the 2002–03 campaign , to join Kildare County for the first summer soccer season of 2003 . He became a regular in the county side that season helping them to a fifth-place finish in the First Division with a contribution of 10 goals in 33 league appearances . Hughes departed County after that season to join Dublin City , who had achieved promotion to the League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2004 season . It was a difficult season for Hughes as scored just three goals in 20 appearances for the struggling Vikings , and he was initially released along with 14 other players by new Dublin City manager Roddy Collins in a mid-season cull . Hughes joined First Division UCD on loan for the remainder of the 2004 season , where he scored three goals in 12 appearances to help the Students to promotion to the Premier Division . Monaghan United and Dundalk . Hughes next destination was First Division Monaghan United for the 2005 season . He scored eight goals in 25 appearances that season for the Mons before joining his former manager at Kilkenny , Kildare and Dublin City , John Gill at First Division promotion chasing Dundalk . Hughes made his Dundalk debut on the first day of the 2006 League of Ireland First Division season in a 2–1 defeat away to Shamrock Rovers at Tolka Park on 10 March 2006 . He went on to score 21 goals that season for the Lilywhites helping them to a second-place finish and a play-off victory over Waterford United . Despite that victory Dundalk did not achieve promotion as they failed to qualify on criteria for the FAIs revamped Premier Division . Hughes 2006 season attracted interest from numerous Premier Division clubs including Bohemians , but despite this interest , Hughes chose to remain at Dundalk for the 2007 First Division season . The 2007 campaign started brightly for Hughes and Dundalk as they set the pace in the First Division up to the mid-season point . Hughes lost form and struggled for fitness for the remainder of the season and his goal tally was only at six goals by the end of the season . Shelbourne and Kildare County . Hughes was released by Dundalk immediately after the conclusion of the 2007 season , but he did not wait long to find a new club when he joined Shelbourne on 29 November 2007 . He made his Shelbourne debut in a scoreless draw against his former club Dundalk at Tolka Park on 7 March 2008 . Hughes once again struggled for fitness at Shelbourne and as a consequence he was restricted to mainly substitute appearances . He departed the club on 14 July 2008 , after just half a season to rejoin his former club Kildare County . Following the conclusion of the 2008 season , Hughes departed Kildare County to join Leinster Senior League Senior Division outfit Phoenix F.C . but the striker returned to County on 4 June 2009 for a third spell . Despite playing in a struggling Kildare team at the foot of the First Division , Hughes recaptured his goalscoring touch in his third spell at County scoring 7 goals in 19 league appearances . Kildare County went into liquidation shortly before their final game of 2009 against Shelbourne and following the resignation of Kildare manager Joey Summerville , Hughes took the managers role for the Thoroughbreds final game in football . Return to Monaghan United and Shelbourne . On 21 December 2009 it was announced by Monaghan United that Hughes would be returning to the club for a second spell in the 2010 season . Hughes carried forward his recaptured form in 2009 to Monaghan as he scored an impressive 22 goals in 44 competitive games . However Hughes goalscoring touch could not prevent Monaghan narrowly missing out on promotion to the Premier Division after a play-off defeat to Bray Wanderers . At the end of 2010 season Hughes once again moved club this time joining Monaghan United teammate Barry Clancy at Shelbourne for his second spell at the Tolka Park club . Hughes signed a new contract with Shelbourne in November 2012 despite being offered more money by Drogheda United and Bohemians At the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season Hughes is joint seventeenth in the all-time League of Ireland goalscoring list with 130 league goals St Patricks Athletic Loan . Hughes was announced as the Saints second summer signing on 2 July 2013 on loan from Dublin rivals Shelbourne . Hughes was given the number 27 shirt and made his first appearance since his return to the club on 4 July , in the Europa League away to Žalgiris at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius , Lithuania . Drogheda & Bray Wanderers . Hughes agreed to join Drogheda United for the 2014 League of Ireland season , but midway through the season he signed for Bray Wanderers . Honours . - St Patricks Athletic - League of Ireland ( 1 ) 2013 - League of Ireland Cup ( 2 ) 2001 , 2003 External links . - Philip Hughes profile at www.shelbournefc.com
|
[
"Dundalk"
] |
easy
|
Which team did the player Philip Hughes (footballer, born 1981) belong to from 2006 to 2007?
|
/wiki/Philip_Hughes_(footballer,_born_1981)#P54#4
|
Philip Hughes ( footballer , born 1981 ) Philip Hughes ( born 12 September 1981 ) is an Irish footballer who plays for St . Mochtas in the Leinster Senior League . Hughes plays as a forward . Career . Early career . Hughes , a much travelled player , began his football career with Tolka Rovers during the 1999–00 season , scoring nine goals in 22 appearances . His performances at intermediate level did not go unnoticed when he made the step up to League of Ireland football with St . Francis at the beginning of the 2000–01 season . Hughes was snapped up by St . Patricks Athletic later that season . First team opportunities at Richmond Park became difficult to obtain for Hughes resulting in his departure on loan to First Division Kilkenny City during the 2001–02 season . Hughes scored 15 goals in 20 games for Kilkenny that season . His impressive form with Kilkenny saw him recalled to St . Patricks Athletic , but yet again first team opportunities were limited for Hughes . Kildare County , Dublin City and UCD . Hughes departed St . Pats at the end of the 2002–03 campaign , to join Kildare County for the first summer soccer season of 2003 . He became a regular in the county side that season helping them to a fifth-place finish in the First Division with a contribution of 10 goals in 33 league appearances . Hughes departed County after that season to join Dublin City , who had achieved promotion to the League of Ireland Premier Division for the 2004 season . It was a difficult season for Hughes as scored just three goals in 20 appearances for the struggling Vikings , and he was initially released along with 14 other players by new Dublin City manager Roddy Collins in a mid-season cull . Hughes joined First Division UCD on loan for the remainder of the 2004 season , where he scored three goals in 12 appearances to help the Students to promotion to the Premier Division . Monaghan United and Dundalk . Hughes next destination was First Division Monaghan United for the 2005 season . He scored eight goals in 25 appearances that season for the Mons before joining his former manager at Kilkenny , Kildare and Dublin City , John Gill at First Division promotion chasing Dundalk . Hughes made his Dundalk debut on the first day of the 2006 League of Ireland First Division season in a 2–1 defeat away to Shamrock Rovers at Tolka Park on 10 March 2006 . He went on to score 21 goals that season for the Lilywhites helping them to a second-place finish and a play-off victory over Waterford United . Despite that victory Dundalk did not achieve promotion as they failed to qualify on criteria for the FAIs revamped Premier Division . Hughes 2006 season attracted interest from numerous Premier Division clubs including Bohemians , but despite this interest , Hughes chose to remain at Dundalk for the 2007 First Division season . The 2007 campaign started brightly for Hughes and Dundalk as they set the pace in the First Division up to the mid-season point . Hughes lost form and struggled for fitness for the remainder of the season and his goal tally was only at six goals by the end of the season . Shelbourne and Kildare County . Hughes was released by Dundalk immediately after the conclusion of the 2007 season , but he did not wait long to find a new club when he joined Shelbourne on 29 November 2007 . He made his Shelbourne debut in a scoreless draw against his former club Dundalk at Tolka Park on 7 March 2008 . Hughes once again struggled for fitness at Shelbourne and as a consequence he was restricted to mainly substitute appearances . He departed the club on 14 July 2008 , after just half a season to rejoin his former club Kildare County . Following the conclusion of the 2008 season , Hughes departed Kildare County to join Leinster Senior League Senior Division outfit Phoenix F.C . but the striker returned to County on 4 June 2009 for a third spell . Despite playing in a struggling Kildare team at the foot of the First Division , Hughes recaptured his goalscoring touch in his third spell at County scoring 7 goals in 19 league appearances . Kildare County went into liquidation shortly before their final game of 2009 against Shelbourne and following the resignation of Kildare manager Joey Summerville , Hughes took the managers role for the Thoroughbreds final game in football . Return to Monaghan United and Shelbourne . On 21 December 2009 it was announced by Monaghan United that Hughes would be returning to the club for a second spell in the 2010 season . Hughes carried forward his recaptured form in 2009 to Monaghan as he scored an impressive 22 goals in 44 competitive games . However Hughes goalscoring touch could not prevent Monaghan narrowly missing out on promotion to the Premier Division after a play-off defeat to Bray Wanderers . At the end of 2010 season Hughes once again moved club this time joining Monaghan United teammate Barry Clancy at Shelbourne for his second spell at the Tolka Park club . Hughes signed a new contract with Shelbourne in November 2012 despite being offered more money by Drogheda United and Bohemians At the end of the 2012 League of Ireland season Hughes is joint seventeenth in the all-time League of Ireland goalscoring list with 130 league goals St Patricks Athletic Loan . Hughes was announced as the Saints second summer signing on 2 July 2013 on loan from Dublin rivals Shelbourne . Hughes was given the number 27 shirt and made his first appearance since his return to the club on 4 July , in the Europa League away to Žalgiris at the LFF Stadium in Vilnius , Lithuania . Drogheda & Bray Wanderers . Hughes agreed to join Drogheda United for the 2014 League of Ireland season , but midway through the season he signed for Bray Wanderers . Honours . - St Patricks Athletic - League of Ireland ( 1 ) 2013 - League of Ireland Cup ( 2 ) 2001 , 2003 External links . - Philip Hughes profile at www.shelbournefc.com
|
[
"honorary Grandmaster"
] |
easy
|
Which title was conferred to George Koltanowski in 1988?
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/wiki/George_Koltanowski#P2962#0
|
George Koltanowski George Koltanowski ( also Georges ; 17 September 1903 – 5 February 2000 ) was a Belgian-born American chess player , promoter , and writer . He was informally known as Kolty . Koltanowski set the worlds blindfold record on 20 September 1937 , in Edinburgh , by playing 34 chess games simultaneously while blindfolded , making headline news around the world . He also set a record in 1960 for playing 56 consecutive blindfold games at ten seconds per move . Early life . Born into a Polish Jewish family in Antwerp , Belgium , Koltanowski learned chess by watching his father and brother play . He took up the game seriously at the age of 14 , and became the top Belgian player when Edgard Colle died in 1932 . Chess career . He got his first big break in chess at age 21 , when he visited an international tournament in Meran , planning to play in one of the reserve sections . The organizers were apparently confused or mixed up about his identity and asked him to play in the grandmaster section , to replace an invited player who had not shown up . Koltanowski gladly accepted and finished near the bottom , but drew with Grandmaster Tarrasch and gained valuable experience . He thereafter played in at least 25 international tournaments . He was Belgian Chess Champion in 1923 , 1927 , 1930 , and 1936 . However , Koltanowski became better known for touring and giving simultaneous exhibitions and blindfold displays . Based upon his results during the period 1932–37 , Professor Arpad Elo gave Koltanowski a rating of 2450 in The Rating of Chess Players . Koltanowski was awarded the International Master title in 1950 when the title was first officially established by FIDE , and he was awarded an honorary Grandmaster title in 1988 . However , Koltanowskis record as a tournament player was not especially distinguished . He showed up for the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , but was eliminated in the preliminary section and did not qualify for the finals . In those years , the U.S . Open was played in round-robin preliminary and final sections . However , the next year , Koltanowski returned , not as a player but as the director , introducing the Swiss system to the U.S . Open . He directed the 1947 U.S . Open in Corpus Christi , Texas , using the Swiss system for the first time ever in a U.S . Open chess event . After that , he traversed the country , holding Swiss system tournaments everywhere . Before long , the Swiss system was adopted as the standard for most chess tournaments in America . Koltanowski thereafter toured the United States tirelessly for years , running chess tournaments and giving simultaneous exhibitions everywhere . After his failure in the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , he never played tournament chess again , except for two games as a member of the U.S . team in the 10th Chess Olympiad ( Helsinki 1952 ) , getting a draw with Soviet Grandmaster Alexander Kotov , one of the strongest players in the world , and a draw with Hungarian International Master Tibor Florian , in a game which Koltanowski appeared to be winning . Blindfold chess . On 4 December 1960 , in San Francisco , California , Koltanowski played 56 consecutive games blindfolded , with only ten seconds per move . He won fifty and drew six games . Koltanowski still holds the record in the Guinness Book of Records . Simultaneous blindfold chess . Possessed of an incredibly powerful memory , Koltanowski would give blindfold exhibitions , playing several games simultaneously . In Edinburgh in 1937 Koltanowski set a record by simultaneously playing 34 games of blindfold chess . Later , Miguel Najdorf broke that record , but Koltanowski claimed his efforts were not properly monitored . Najdorf played 40 games at Rosario , Argentina in 1943 and 45 games in São Paulo in 1947 . Later years . Many of Koltanowskis relatives were murdered in the Holocaust . Koltanowski survived because he happened to be on a chess tour of South America and was in Guatemala when the war broke out . In 1940 , the United States Consul in Cuba saw Koltanowski giving a chess exhibition in Havana and decided to grant him a U.S . visa . Koltanowski met his wife Leah on a blind date in New York in 1944 . They settled in San Francisco in 1947 . Koltanowski became the chess columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle , which carried his chess column every day for the next 52 years until his death , publishing an estimated 19,000 columns . The FIDE named him International Arbiter in 1960 . Later on in the 1960s , he played a newspaper game against grandmaster Paul Keres . Following a system similar to that adopted in the Kasparov versus The World match , readers would vote on moves and send them into the Chronicle . Koltanowski would select the move actually played , and would award points and prizes to his readers for their selections . However , after about only 25 moves , Keres abruptly stopped the game and declared himself the winner by adjudication . Koltanowski disagreed and showed analysis which seemed to give him at least an even game . Keres , an Estonian , may have been ordered by his Soviet handlers to stop playing . Koltanowski had his own organization , the Chess Friends of Northern California , which resisted the USCF rating system and dominated Northern California Chess through the mid-1960s . Koltanowski later decided if you cant beat em , join em . He won election as President of the United States Chess Federation in 1974 . He also directed every US Open from 1947 until the late 1970s . He was sometimes referred to as the Dean of American Chess . Perhaps Koltanowskis most remarkable accomplishment was that he made his living entirely from chess . He wrote many books ; his best-known work is Adventures of a Chess Master , published by David McKay Co . in 1955 . In it , he recounts primarily his tours giving blindfolded simultaneous exhibitions . He also wrote books on the Colle System which he sold by mail order . He taught a system which would enable even rank beginners to get out of the opening with a playable game . This saved his students the trouble of memorizing vast amounts of chess opening theory . However , he never played this opening himself against strong opponents . Koltanowskis books contained many statements and anecdotes which were factually incorrect . They were also lax in terms of spelling and editorial standards . Koltanowski died of congestive heart failure in San Francisco in 2000 at the age of 96 . Blindfold Knights Tour . Koltanowskis most sensational chess entertainment was the ancient exercise known as the Knights tour , in which a lone knight traverses an otherwise empty board visiting each square once only . Of the countless patterns for achieving this feat , there are trillions of sequences for performing the more restricted version known as the re-entrant tour , wherein the knight on its 64th move lands on its original starting square . For Koltanowski , who claimed to have a phonographic memory ( a keen memory for sequences ) , the trick relied on mastering just one re-entrant pattern . He could begin on any square in the sequence and complete the tour by rote . However , it was his original twist that gave Koltanowskis performance dramatic value well beyond the mechanical moving of the knight through the memorized sequence . Koltanowski began his tour with a large chalkboard divided by lines into a grid eight squares by eight . As he solved problems on a large demonstration board , audience members were encouraged to come onstage to enter words and numbers into the squares . By the time all 64 squares were filled , it was common to see street and city names , names of months or days of the week , names of famous chess players , names of audience members , names of movie stars or TV personalities , telephone numbers and addresses , birth dates , serial numbers from bank notes , etc . After concluding his problem solving challenges on the demonstration board , Koltanowski would turn his back on the audience and examine the chalk board for three or four minutes . Then he would seat himself with his back to the board and ask for any audience member to call out a square ; for example , e4 . He would recite from memory the entry in that square as an assistant crossed it off with a chalk mark . Making imaginary knight-moves through his re-entry sequence , Koltanowski would recite the contents of each square as the knight landed on it . As amazing as this performance was , if time permitted afterward , Koltanowski would occasionally demonstrate his mental grasp of the board by reciting the information contained in the squares by rank or file , or even the two long diagonals . He occasionally performed the tour on two boards simultaneously . In Palo Alto , California , he conducted his performance on three chalk boards , jumping the knight back and forth between boards mid-move , until all 192 squares were completed . He made two errors and immediately corrected himself both times . At the time of this performance , Koltanowski was 80 years old . External links . - Chess Space obituary - Grandmaster Of Chess , George Koltanowski , 2 July 2000 - Edward Winter , Koltanowski
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[
"International Master"
] |
easy
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Which title was conferred to George Koltanowski in 1950?
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/wiki/George_Koltanowski#P2962#1
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George Koltanowski George Koltanowski ( also Georges ; 17 September 1903 – 5 February 2000 ) was a Belgian-born American chess player , promoter , and writer . He was informally known as Kolty . Koltanowski set the worlds blindfold record on 20 September 1937 , in Edinburgh , by playing 34 chess games simultaneously while blindfolded , making headline news around the world . He also set a record in 1960 for playing 56 consecutive blindfold games at ten seconds per move . Early life . Born into a Polish Jewish family in Antwerp , Belgium , Koltanowski learned chess by watching his father and brother play . He took up the game seriously at the age of 14 , and became the top Belgian player when Edgard Colle died in 1932 . Chess career . He got his first big break in chess at age 21 , when he visited an international tournament in Meran , planning to play in one of the reserve sections . The organizers were apparently confused or mixed up about his identity and asked him to play in the grandmaster section , to replace an invited player who had not shown up . Koltanowski gladly accepted and finished near the bottom , but drew with Grandmaster Tarrasch and gained valuable experience . He thereafter played in at least 25 international tournaments . He was Belgian Chess Champion in 1923 , 1927 , 1930 , and 1936 . However , Koltanowski became better known for touring and giving simultaneous exhibitions and blindfold displays . Based upon his results during the period 1932–37 , Professor Arpad Elo gave Koltanowski a rating of 2450 in The Rating of Chess Players . Koltanowski was awarded the International Master title in 1950 when the title was first officially established by FIDE , and he was awarded an honorary Grandmaster title in 1988 . However , Koltanowskis record as a tournament player was not especially distinguished . He showed up for the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , but was eliminated in the preliminary section and did not qualify for the finals . In those years , the U.S . Open was played in round-robin preliminary and final sections . However , the next year , Koltanowski returned , not as a player but as the director , introducing the Swiss system to the U.S . Open . He directed the 1947 U.S . Open in Corpus Christi , Texas , using the Swiss system for the first time ever in a U.S . Open chess event . After that , he traversed the country , holding Swiss system tournaments everywhere . Before long , the Swiss system was adopted as the standard for most chess tournaments in America . Koltanowski thereafter toured the United States tirelessly for years , running chess tournaments and giving simultaneous exhibitions everywhere . After his failure in the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , he never played tournament chess again , except for two games as a member of the U.S . team in the 10th Chess Olympiad ( Helsinki 1952 ) , getting a draw with Soviet Grandmaster Alexander Kotov , one of the strongest players in the world , and a draw with Hungarian International Master Tibor Florian , in a game which Koltanowski appeared to be winning . Blindfold chess . On 4 December 1960 , in San Francisco , California , Koltanowski played 56 consecutive games blindfolded , with only ten seconds per move . He won fifty and drew six games . Koltanowski still holds the record in the Guinness Book of Records . Simultaneous blindfold chess . Possessed of an incredibly powerful memory , Koltanowski would give blindfold exhibitions , playing several games simultaneously . In Edinburgh in 1937 Koltanowski set a record by simultaneously playing 34 games of blindfold chess . Later , Miguel Najdorf broke that record , but Koltanowski claimed his efforts were not properly monitored . Najdorf played 40 games at Rosario , Argentina in 1943 and 45 games in São Paulo in 1947 . Later years . Many of Koltanowskis relatives were murdered in the Holocaust . Koltanowski survived because he happened to be on a chess tour of South America and was in Guatemala when the war broke out . In 1940 , the United States Consul in Cuba saw Koltanowski giving a chess exhibition in Havana and decided to grant him a U.S . visa . Koltanowski met his wife Leah on a blind date in New York in 1944 . They settled in San Francisco in 1947 . Koltanowski became the chess columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle , which carried his chess column every day for the next 52 years until his death , publishing an estimated 19,000 columns . The FIDE named him International Arbiter in 1960 . Later on in the 1960s , he played a newspaper game against grandmaster Paul Keres . Following a system similar to that adopted in the Kasparov versus The World match , readers would vote on moves and send them into the Chronicle . Koltanowski would select the move actually played , and would award points and prizes to his readers for their selections . However , after about only 25 moves , Keres abruptly stopped the game and declared himself the winner by adjudication . Koltanowski disagreed and showed analysis which seemed to give him at least an even game . Keres , an Estonian , may have been ordered by his Soviet handlers to stop playing . Koltanowski had his own organization , the Chess Friends of Northern California , which resisted the USCF rating system and dominated Northern California Chess through the mid-1960s . Koltanowski later decided if you cant beat em , join em . He won election as President of the United States Chess Federation in 1974 . He also directed every US Open from 1947 until the late 1970s . He was sometimes referred to as the Dean of American Chess . Perhaps Koltanowskis most remarkable accomplishment was that he made his living entirely from chess . He wrote many books ; his best-known work is Adventures of a Chess Master , published by David McKay Co . in 1955 . In it , he recounts primarily his tours giving blindfolded simultaneous exhibitions . He also wrote books on the Colle System which he sold by mail order . He taught a system which would enable even rank beginners to get out of the opening with a playable game . This saved his students the trouble of memorizing vast amounts of chess opening theory . However , he never played this opening himself against strong opponents . Koltanowskis books contained many statements and anecdotes which were factually incorrect . They were also lax in terms of spelling and editorial standards . Koltanowski died of congestive heart failure in San Francisco in 2000 at the age of 96 . Blindfold Knights Tour . Koltanowskis most sensational chess entertainment was the ancient exercise known as the Knights tour , in which a lone knight traverses an otherwise empty board visiting each square once only . Of the countless patterns for achieving this feat , there are trillions of sequences for performing the more restricted version known as the re-entrant tour , wherein the knight on its 64th move lands on its original starting square . For Koltanowski , who claimed to have a phonographic memory ( a keen memory for sequences ) , the trick relied on mastering just one re-entrant pattern . He could begin on any square in the sequence and complete the tour by rote . However , it was his original twist that gave Koltanowskis performance dramatic value well beyond the mechanical moving of the knight through the memorized sequence . Koltanowski began his tour with a large chalkboard divided by lines into a grid eight squares by eight . As he solved problems on a large demonstration board , audience members were encouraged to come onstage to enter words and numbers into the squares . By the time all 64 squares were filled , it was common to see street and city names , names of months or days of the week , names of famous chess players , names of audience members , names of movie stars or TV personalities , telephone numbers and addresses , birth dates , serial numbers from bank notes , etc . After concluding his problem solving challenges on the demonstration board , Koltanowski would turn his back on the audience and examine the chalk board for three or four minutes . Then he would seat himself with his back to the board and ask for any audience member to call out a square ; for example , e4 . He would recite from memory the entry in that square as an assistant crossed it off with a chalk mark . Making imaginary knight-moves through his re-entry sequence , Koltanowski would recite the contents of each square as the knight landed on it . As amazing as this performance was , if time permitted afterward , Koltanowski would occasionally demonstrate his mental grasp of the board by reciting the information contained in the squares by rank or file , or even the two long diagonals . He occasionally performed the tour on two boards simultaneously . In Palo Alto , California , he conducted his performance on three chalk boards , jumping the knight back and forth between boards mid-move , until all 192 squares were completed . He made two errors and immediately corrected himself both times . At the time of this performance , Koltanowski was 80 years old . External links . - Chess Space obituary - Grandmaster Of Chess , George Koltanowski , 2 July 2000 - Edward Winter , Koltanowski
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[
"International Arbiter"
] |
easy
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Which title was conferred to George Koltanowski in 1960?
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/wiki/George_Koltanowski#P2962#2
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George Koltanowski George Koltanowski ( also Georges ; 17 September 1903 – 5 February 2000 ) was a Belgian-born American chess player , promoter , and writer . He was informally known as Kolty . Koltanowski set the worlds blindfold record on 20 September 1937 , in Edinburgh , by playing 34 chess games simultaneously while blindfolded , making headline news around the world . He also set a record in 1960 for playing 56 consecutive blindfold games at ten seconds per move . Early life . Born into a Polish Jewish family in Antwerp , Belgium , Koltanowski learned chess by watching his father and brother play . He took up the game seriously at the age of 14 , and became the top Belgian player when Edgard Colle died in 1932 . Chess career . He got his first big break in chess at age 21 , when he visited an international tournament in Meran , planning to play in one of the reserve sections . The organizers were apparently confused or mixed up about his identity and asked him to play in the grandmaster section , to replace an invited player who had not shown up . Koltanowski gladly accepted and finished near the bottom , but drew with Grandmaster Tarrasch and gained valuable experience . He thereafter played in at least 25 international tournaments . He was Belgian Chess Champion in 1923 , 1927 , 1930 , and 1936 . However , Koltanowski became better known for touring and giving simultaneous exhibitions and blindfold displays . Based upon his results during the period 1932–37 , Professor Arpad Elo gave Koltanowski a rating of 2450 in The Rating of Chess Players . Koltanowski was awarded the International Master title in 1950 when the title was first officially established by FIDE , and he was awarded an honorary Grandmaster title in 1988 . However , Koltanowskis record as a tournament player was not especially distinguished . He showed up for the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , but was eliminated in the preliminary section and did not qualify for the finals . In those years , the U.S . Open was played in round-robin preliminary and final sections . However , the next year , Koltanowski returned , not as a player but as the director , introducing the Swiss system to the U.S . Open . He directed the 1947 U.S . Open in Corpus Christi , Texas , using the Swiss system for the first time ever in a U.S . Open chess event . After that , he traversed the country , holding Swiss system tournaments everywhere . Before long , the Swiss system was adopted as the standard for most chess tournaments in America . Koltanowski thereafter toured the United States tirelessly for years , running chess tournaments and giving simultaneous exhibitions everywhere . After his failure in the 1946 U.S . Open in Pittsburgh , he never played tournament chess again , except for two games as a member of the U.S . team in the 10th Chess Olympiad ( Helsinki 1952 ) , getting a draw with Soviet Grandmaster Alexander Kotov , one of the strongest players in the world , and a draw with Hungarian International Master Tibor Florian , in a game which Koltanowski appeared to be winning . Blindfold chess . On 4 December 1960 , in San Francisco , California , Koltanowski played 56 consecutive games blindfolded , with only ten seconds per move . He won fifty and drew six games . Koltanowski still holds the record in the Guinness Book of Records . Simultaneous blindfold chess . Possessed of an incredibly powerful memory , Koltanowski would give blindfold exhibitions , playing several games simultaneously . In Edinburgh in 1937 Koltanowski set a record by simultaneously playing 34 games of blindfold chess . Later , Miguel Najdorf broke that record , but Koltanowski claimed his efforts were not properly monitored . Najdorf played 40 games at Rosario , Argentina in 1943 and 45 games in São Paulo in 1947 . Later years . Many of Koltanowskis relatives were murdered in the Holocaust . Koltanowski survived because he happened to be on a chess tour of South America and was in Guatemala when the war broke out . In 1940 , the United States Consul in Cuba saw Koltanowski giving a chess exhibition in Havana and decided to grant him a U.S . visa . Koltanowski met his wife Leah on a blind date in New York in 1944 . They settled in San Francisco in 1947 . Koltanowski became the chess columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle , which carried his chess column every day for the next 52 years until his death , publishing an estimated 19,000 columns . The FIDE named him International Arbiter in 1960 . Later on in the 1960s , he played a newspaper game against grandmaster Paul Keres . Following a system similar to that adopted in the Kasparov versus The World match , readers would vote on moves and send them into the Chronicle . Koltanowski would select the move actually played , and would award points and prizes to his readers for their selections . However , after about only 25 moves , Keres abruptly stopped the game and declared himself the winner by adjudication . Koltanowski disagreed and showed analysis which seemed to give him at least an even game . Keres , an Estonian , may have been ordered by his Soviet handlers to stop playing . Koltanowski had his own organization , the Chess Friends of Northern California , which resisted the USCF rating system and dominated Northern California Chess through the mid-1960s . Koltanowski later decided if you cant beat em , join em . He won election as President of the United States Chess Federation in 1974 . He also directed every US Open from 1947 until the late 1970s . He was sometimes referred to as the Dean of American Chess . Perhaps Koltanowskis most remarkable accomplishment was that he made his living entirely from chess . He wrote many books ; his best-known work is Adventures of a Chess Master , published by David McKay Co . in 1955 . In it , he recounts primarily his tours giving blindfolded simultaneous exhibitions . He also wrote books on the Colle System which he sold by mail order . He taught a system which would enable even rank beginners to get out of the opening with a playable game . This saved his students the trouble of memorizing vast amounts of chess opening theory . However , he never played this opening himself against strong opponents . Koltanowskis books contained many statements and anecdotes which were factually incorrect . They were also lax in terms of spelling and editorial standards . Koltanowski died of congestive heart failure in San Francisco in 2000 at the age of 96 . Blindfold Knights Tour . Koltanowskis most sensational chess entertainment was the ancient exercise known as the Knights tour , in which a lone knight traverses an otherwise empty board visiting each square once only . Of the countless patterns for achieving this feat , there are trillions of sequences for performing the more restricted version known as the re-entrant tour , wherein the knight on its 64th move lands on its original starting square . For Koltanowski , who claimed to have a phonographic memory ( a keen memory for sequences ) , the trick relied on mastering just one re-entrant pattern . He could begin on any square in the sequence and complete the tour by rote . However , it was his original twist that gave Koltanowskis performance dramatic value well beyond the mechanical moving of the knight through the memorized sequence . Koltanowski began his tour with a large chalkboard divided by lines into a grid eight squares by eight . As he solved problems on a large demonstration board , audience members were encouraged to come onstage to enter words and numbers into the squares . By the time all 64 squares were filled , it was common to see street and city names , names of months or days of the week , names of famous chess players , names of audience members , names of movie stars or TV personalities , telephone numbers and addresses , birth dates , serial numbers from bank notes , etc . After concluding his problem solving challenges on the demonstration board , Koltanowski would turn his back on the audience and examine the chalk board for three or four minutes . Then he would seat himself with his back to the board and ask for any audience member to call out a square ; for example , e4 . He would recite from memory the entry in that square as an assistant crossed it off with a chalk mark . Making imaginary knight-moves through his re-entry sequence , Koltanowski would recite the contents of each square as the knight landed on it . As amazing as this performance was , if time permitted afterward , Koltanowski would occasionally demonstrate his mental grasp of the board by reciting the information contained in the squares by rank or file , or even the two long diagonals . He occasionally performed the tour on two boards simultaneously . In Palo Alto , California , he conducted his performance on three chalk boards , jumping the knight back and forth between boards mid-move , until all 192 squares were completed . He made two errors and immediately corrected himself both times . At the time of this performance , Koltanowski was 80 years old . External links . - Chess Space obituary - Grandmaster Of Chess , George Koltanowski , 2 July 2000 - Edward Winter , Koltanowski
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[
"Augustin Pourreau"
] |
easy
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Who was the chair of Aimargues from 1919 to 1926?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#0
|
Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
|
[
"Pierre Jalabert"
] |
easy
|
Who was the head of Aimargues from 1926 to 1933?
|
/wiki/Aimargues#P6#1
|
Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
|
[
"Jean Jourdan",
"René Bernard",
"Louis Guiraud",
"Roger de Lestrade"
] |
easy
|
Who was the head of Aimargues from 1944 to 1945?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#2
|
Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
|
[
"Joseph Chatellier"
] |
easy
|
Who was the chair of Aimargues from 1945 to 1963?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#3
|
Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
|
[
"Albert Fontanieu"
] |
easy
|
Who was the head of Aimargues from 1963 to 1977?
|
/wiki/Aimargues#P6#4
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Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
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[
"René Dupont"
] |
easy
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Who was the chair of Aimargues from 1977 to 1989?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#5
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Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
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[
"Jean Bruchet"
] |
easy
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Who was the head of Aimargues from 1989 to 2008?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#6
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Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
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[
"Jean-Paul Franc"
] |
easy
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Who was the chair of Aimargues from 2008 to 2009?
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/wiki/Aimargues#P6#7
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Aimargues Aimargues ( ) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France . The town of Aimargues may have Roman origins and is situated beside the river Vidourle on the floodplain of the Rhône . Traditionally it has been an agricultural and wine-producing community but it now also has a number of new industries and employers who benefit from excellent road connections to the north of France as well as to Spain and Italy . Geography . Located some to the southwest of Nîmes , close to the border with the Hérault department , Aimargues can be easily accessed from the nearby Autoroute A9 . Aimargues also has a railway station on the line from Saint-Césaire to Le Grau-du-Roi . The Petite Camargue is an area of wetlands on the west side of the delta of the Rhône River in southern France . Aimargues is a small town in the Petite Camargue beside the River Vidourle which rises in the Cévennes Mountains to the northwest . Some 6,000 years BC much of the interior of the Petite Carmargue was occupied by a lagoon , l’étang de l’or , which was separated from the sea by a sandy bar . Since then the lake has become progressively silted up . The countryside around Aimargues is flat and the soil is rich , being accumulated sediment brought down the River Rhône and deposited in its delta and surrounding area during flooding . As well as agricultural land there are levees , creeks , marshes , brackish ponds , lagoons and dunes in the area . History . The suffix argues suggests that the town of Aimargues has been in existence since antiquity . It was probably named after the Roman military commander Flavius Armatus . It is unclear when exactly Aimargues castle was built but it was in existence before 1185 . King Louis IX is said to have set out for the Crusades from the town . In the 13th century , a census showed that the town had become a bustling community with 522 homes , indicating a population of over 2,000 people . In 1565 , the area came under the rule of the house of Crussol and Viscount dUzès made it one of the main strongholds of the Lower Vistrenque . Louis XIII ordered the destruction of the city walls . In the early 18th century , Jean Charles de Crussol included Baron dAymargues among his titles . The town has developed from an initial central core . This is self-contained and not traversed by routes extending from one side of the town to the other . It was originally surrounded by the city wall , has the château in its northwest corner and the church , reconstructed in the nineteenth century , in its centre . This ancient part is surrounded by another zone that also has tightly packed houses and narrow streets . The outer suburbs are modern . Landmarks . The Commune of Aimargues has several buildings of historic interest : - The Château de Teillan located 2 km to the south of the village is an old Roman castrum originally called Villa Telliamis . It subsequently belonged to Psalmody Abbey before it was acquired by the Bornier family . Todays building dates from the second half of the 16th century with some 17th-century additions . It became a listed historic monument in 1992 . - The Mas de Malherbes , property of the Ménard-Dorian family , linked to the Victor Hugo one . - The former 17th-century parish church was converted into an indoor market at the end of the 19th century . Now known as the Salle Georges Brassens , it is used as an exhibition centre . The village also has schools , nurseries , a library , a youth centre and an adult leisure centre . There is a bullfighting arena where the course camarguaise takes place . In the traditional fights held here , the bull is not killed but an unarmed raseteur attempts to snatch a rosette from between its horns . Economy . While agriculture and wine production are still important contributors to the local economy , more recent players such as Royal Canin , the dog and cat food producer , Itesoft , a software company , and the underwear company Éminence are also important employers , benefitting from easy access to the motorway with connections to Italy and Spain as well as to the north of France . Mayors . - Under French Revolution : - Jean-Baptiste Lancry de La Loyelle , first mayor elected ( moderate , January–October 1790 ) ; - Charles Carbonnier ( moderate , November 1790-November 1791 ) ; - Marc-Antoine Boissier ( moderate , November 1791-December 1792 ) ; - Pierre Boissière senior ( moderate , December 1792-October 1793 ) ; - Pierre Fontanès ( jacobin , October 1793-May 1795 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier junior ( moderate , May 1795-1800 ) ; - Under Consulate and French Empire : - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , May 1800-September 1805 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( moderate , September 1805 ; - Pierre Paulet ( 1805-1808 ) ; - Antoine Prouzet junior ( moderate , 1808-January 1813 ) ; - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , January 1813-April 1815 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( moderate , April–July 1815 ) ; - Under the Bourbon Restoration : - Étienne de Bonafoux ( ultraroyalist , July 1815-February 1819 ) ; - Jean-Baptiste Roussellier ( liberal , March 1819-January 1824 ) ; - Louis-Auguste de Galhaut ( royalist , January 1924-October 1830 ) ; - Under the July Monarchy : - Étienne de Besson ( moderate royalist , October 1830-January 1831 ) ; - Jean-Pierre Prouzet ( orleanist , January 1831-December 1832 ) ; - Guillaume Carbonnier-Bousquet ( liberal , January 1833-March 1837 ) ; - Pierre Gautier ( royalist , July–October 1837 ) ; - Léonce Allut ( orleanist , June 1838-February 1848 ) ; - Maurice de Cray ( royalist , March 1848-? ) ; - From 1848 to 1905 ( Second and Third Republic ) : to complete - From 1905 to 1944 : - Léon Fontanieu ( socialist , March 1905-October 1907 ) ; - Louis Barbusse ( socialist , December 1907-May 1908 ) ; - Jean Joujou ( anarcho-syndicalist , May 1908-October 1910 ) ; - Barbier , leader of the municipal commission ( independent politician , November 1910-January 1911 ) ; - Louis Pioch ( socialist , 1911-? ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( royalist , until 1919 ) ; - Pierre Jalabert ( 1919 ) ; - Augustin Pourreau ( Action Française , v . 1920-1944 ) ; - Since Liberation : - Leaders of the Comité de Libération : - Jean Jourdan ( Anarchist , 1944 ) ; - René Bernard ( 1944 ) ; - Louis Guiraud ( independent politician , 1944 ) ; - Roger de Lestrade , temporary mayor ( 1945 ) ; - Joseph Chatellier ( PCF , 1945–1963 ) ; - Albert Fontanieu ( SFIO , 1963–1977 ) ; - René Dupont ( PCF , 1977–1989 ) ; - Jean Bruchet ( Parti Socialiste , 1989–2008 ) ; - Jean-Paul Franc ( independent politician , since March 2008 ) . Sport . The communes football team is the Stade Olympique of Aimargues ( SOA ) . In the beginning of may a famous international tournament take place every year . The local rugby team is Aimargues Rugby Club also named the Raouba-vesso . There are in Aimargues two stadiums : Baptistin Guigues Stadium and René Duponts Stadium ( former Bella Vistas Stadium ) ; to equestrian centres ; and the arena Léopold Dupont . Media . Aimargues has its own newspaper : Aimargues le journal , created in 2008 . Aimargues is also covered by the daily newspaper Midi Libre , by the local television TV SUD Camargue Cévennes et by France 3 Suds programs . Religion . There are Catholic and Protestant churches in Aimargues . The catholic parishes are parts of the deanery of Vauvert and the Diocese of Nîmes . The mass is assumed by deanerys desservants priests . The Reformed Church of France maintains the Ensemble paroissial de Aimargues . Education . The public maternelle ( preschool/nursery ) is École Ventadour . The public primary school is École élémentaire publique Guillierme F . The collège ( junior high school ) serving the community is Collège de Gallargues-le-Montueux , located in Gallargues-le-Montueux . In addition to Aimargues and Gallargues-le-Montueux , it also serves Aigues-Vives . It opened in September 2014 . it has about 600 students . There is also a private Catholic elementary school in Aimargues , École élémentaire privée Notre Dame des Gardians . Notable residents . - Georges de Coursule , baron de Saint-Rémy . - Pierre Melchior dAzémar ( or dAdhémar ) , prefect of Var . - Louis-Étienne Ricard , politician . - Jean-César Vincens-Plauchut , politician . - François Joseph Pamphile de Lacroix ( 1774-1841 ) , general . - François-Isidore de Ricard , Louis-Étienne son , politician . - Paulin dAnglas de Praviel . - Charles de Surville , politician . - Paul Ménard-Dorian , politician . - Pauline Ménard-Dorian , writer , Marcel Prousts muse . - Fanfonne Guillierme , manadière . - Jean Jourdan , a.k.a . Chocho , anarchist militant . - Gaston Bêchard , socialist militant , syndicalist . - Michel Stahl , compagnon de la Libération , pastor of the Reformed Church . - Léopold Dupont , raseteur . - Pierre Torreilles , writer , poet , editor . - Jean-François Galéa , painter . - Michel Mathes , a.k.a . Michel Falguières , writer . - Thierry Félix , raseteur . - Laurent Pit , humorist .
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