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Part One Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs are very popular in human medicine, and as many are marketed as over the counter medications, often times pets have access to them, either intentionally – given by
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Part One Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs are very popular in human medicine, and as many are marketed as over the counter medications, often times pets have access to them, either intentionally – given by their owners to relieve pain, or as accidental ingestion. Do not give your pet any medications without first consulting with your veterinarian. Many NSAIDs, with improper use, are harmful, and some even deadly to pets, however, only two will be discussed in this article.
Ibuprofen, the active ingredient in Advil was listed in the top 25 generic drugs involved in poisonings in dogs and cats. Studies have indicated that a safe dose of Ibuprofen in dogs and cats is hard to establish. A dose as low as 8mg/kg/day can
produce gastric (stomach) lesions. That means that a ten lb dog can become ill from only 40 mg of Ibuprofen. Most human tablets are 200 mg and some even 400mg. At higher doses the following signs are seen: vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, imbalance and ultimately, kidney failure. At our clinic, we have seen several cases of kidney failure in dogs after ingestion of only a few tablets of Ibuprofen. In order to reverse the kidney damage, hospitalization with intensive 24hr/day fluid therapy is needed, in many cases for 5-10 days, and full recovery of function is not always achieved.
Acetaminophen is another NSAID very commonly used in humans, and is the active ingredient in Tylenol. It is also frequently used in common cold and allergy medications. Toxicity in dogs and cats is dose dependent, and if the ingested dose is at toxic level, the clinical signs will be consistent with liver failure in dogs, and hemolytic anemia in cats. The clinical signs most commonly seen in dogs are vomiting, anorexia, increased heart and respiratory rates, abdominal pain and jaundice. In cats, muddy gums, depression, respiratory distress, swelling of the face and paws, and vomiting, will be most commonly reported. If the ingested dose is determined to be toxic, emergency therapy is needed.
If your pet ingested any of these medications, please contact your veterinarian immediately. The veterinary staff will determine whether the dose ingested by your pet was toxic, and if ingestion happened recently (within hours) initial therapy will be directed towards preventing additional absorption of the drug by inducing vomiting followed by administration of activated charcoal.
Please keep all medications out of reach of pets.
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Cider is an alcoholic beverage made exclusively from the juice of specially grown varieties of apples. Craft makers of cider claim that mass-produced ciders are mostly not actually ciders because of their production processes and additives including artificial sweeteners like aspartame
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Cider is an alcoholic beverage made exclusively from the juice of specially grown varieties of apples. Craft makers of cider claim that mass-produced ciders are mostly not actually ciders because of their production processes and additives including artificial sweeteners like aspartame. The list includes both current and defunct producers.
Perry is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented pears. Perry has been common for centuries in England, particularly in the Three Counties (Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and Worcestershire) and in parts of South Wales and France, especially Normandy and Anjou. In more recent years, commercial perry has also been called “pear cider”
A to Z of Ciders
Acetaldehyde: The oxidation of alcohol by alcohol dehydrogenase due to poor storage. Gives off powerful aromas of green apples.
Balance: When a cider is in equal harmony with its critical components. Such as: sweetness, acidity, tannin and alcohol.
Bead: The streams of bubbles present in a glass of cider once the mousse has dissipated.
Blending: The process where differing ciders of differing characters are skilfully combined to create a perfectly balanced and consistent product.
Brettanomyces: A yeast derived fault smelling like band aids or leather. Poor hygiene, old oak or MLF derived. Can be considered very desirable in farmhouse styles.
Brut: The French term for dry.
Carbonation: The bubbles in cider by means of bottle fermentation or artificial addition.
Cider Apples: Traditional apples used for cider which are smaller in size, and are full of tannin. Many different varieties with differing characteristics are used.
Cidre: The French term for cider.
Cidre Bouche: A French sparkling cider under cork and hood, usually in a 750mL bottle.
Citric Acid: The main acid component found in pears.
Complexity: A cider with primary, secondary, and even tertiary components. An intricate array of flavors and aromas both fruit and cider making derived.
Concentrate: Apple juice which has been dehydrated to form a thick and sweet apple solution. Blended with water and fermented to make cider.
Dessert Apples: Larger eating apples which have higher acidity but lack astringency. Makes good, but simple cider.
Doux: The French term for sweet.
Draught: A clean cider which is dry and usually served on tap
Dry: A cider or perry which has no sweetness.
Farmhouse: Very rustic and authentic ciders made using wild yeasts and oak. Made in France and England for hundreds of years. Very unique taste
Fermentation: The process where yeast convert sugars to alcohol, can be in tank or oak.
Filtration: A process where the cider has all solids, yeasts and hazes removed to make a clear and brilliant product.
Flavored Cider: Ciders made from fruit concentrates which are super sweet and low in alcohol.
Halbtrocken: The German term for semi dry.
Keeving: A scientific process where enzymes and pectin in apples form a complexation with nutrients in the juice to form a chapteau brun. The juice underneath is low in nutrients resulting in a slow ferment perfect for making fruity, clear, low alcohol, sweet and naturally carbonation cider without filtration.
Malic Acid: The main acid component in apples.
Method Traditionelle: A complex and very labour intensive process of producing a cider with natural carbonation, no yeast less and some sweetness. Often higher in alcohol with a ferocious mousse
Milling: The process of shredding apples reading for pressing.
MLF: The decarboxylation of malic acid to lactic acid. Helps with lowering acidity and microbial stability. Also adds buttery characters to a cider
Mousse: The foamy head in the glass once a cider is poured.
Oak: Wooden barrels used to ferment or age a cider. Can be up to 100 years old.
Pasteurization: A process where cider is heated up to high temperatures to kill dangerous bacteria and prolong shelf life.
Perry: An alcoholic beverage made out of pears. Commonly known as pear cider.
Pommace: Milled apples ready for pressing.
Pomme: The French term for apple.
Pressing: A process where pressure is applied to the pommace to extract juice. It can be done through basket press, rack and cloth press or membrane press with differing volumes of yield extraction.
Racking: Removing clear cider off yeast cake or lees to help slow fermentation.
Reductive: A character derived by nutrient deficient yeast where aromas of hydrogen sulphite, or rotten egg gas are evident. It is very unpleasant in high doses.
Ropiness: Is the growth of lactic acid bacteria in low acidic and low sulphur dioxide ciders which form long polysaccharide gels. An oily texture and thick consistency is produced.
Scrumpy: A very traditional cider which is high in alcohol, high in solids and often left to its own devices. It is not for the faint hearted.
Sidra: The Spanish term for cider.
Sidro: The Italian term for cider.
Sulphur Dioxide: A preservative added to cider to keep up freshness and protect from spoilage.
Tannin: The grip sensation in your mouth on consuming. Derived from fruit and oak.
Trocken: The German term for dry.
Vintage: A premium cider made from the current years best apples. It is oak aged and bolder in style.
Volatile Acidity: It can come in the form of ethyl a
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Long before Los Angeles made its name as the entertainment capital of the world and became known for traffic, diversity, great weather and coveted In-N-Out burgers, it was home to an indigenous peoples known as the Tongva, who lived and thrived
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Long before Los Angeles made its name as the entertainment capital of the world and became known for traffic, diversity, great weather and coveted In-N-Out burgers, it was home to an indigenous peoples known as the Tongva, who lived and thrived in the region, including Glendale, for thousands of years.
Given the push to turn this month's Columbus Day into Indigenous Peoples Day in an effort to celebrate often forgotten Native American culture and contributions, here's a look into the people who helped shaped the area we now call home.
The Tongva, also called the “Gabrielinos” by early settlers who — according to the Glendale Historical Society website — would name native tribes after the nearest Mission, were skilled in fishing and made medicinal use of local plants. They had complex social and political systems and the Glendale hillsides where they lived haven't changed much today.
The names of nearby towns and cities, such as Tujunga, Azusa and Pacoima, come from the Tongva language, and the Gabrielino Trail, which runs through the Angeles National Forest, is named after them. More recently in 2002, thanks to the efforts of local resident and prominent Tongva Tribe member Richard Toyon, a summit in the Verdugo Mountains was named Tongva Peak.
When settlers descended on the area, the tribes succumbed to religious conversions, genocide and disease. What traces of the Tongva were left soon disintegrated into the ether of L.A. history.
Newspaper archives reveal a bleak situation for the Tongvas, whose interaction with settlers were explored in a 1967 Los Angeles Times article, entitled “Ancient Indians in L.A. Had Tragic Lives.”
The article, written by George Getze, a Times science writer, covers the research of UCLA professors into the fact that the Tongva inhabited a larger area of Southern California than once originally assumed, as well as the treatment they suffered at the hands of settlers and missionaries.
According to Forbes, Spanish records are full of rapes and assaults committed by soldiers against the Tongvas as they passed through San Diego and Monterey.
The article mentions a chilling quote by a Franciscan missionary: “No Indian woman was safe when the Spanish were in the neighborhood.”
Men who sought retribution for the kidnapping of their wives and women were killed, children converted to Christianity and separated from their parents. Those who did convert became subordinate to missionaries and soldiers.
“The shock of these methods and the dismay and despair caused by their loss of freedom created dissatisfaction among the Indians, particularly after the founding of Los Angeles in 1781 on the site of a Tongva village called Yangna,” the article continues. “In the span of 10 years, the Tongva Indians of Los Angeles County had lost their freedom and religion to the missionaries, and their lands to settlers.”
These days, ongoing efforts have sought to revive the Tongva culture, especially the language.
Keepers of Indigenous Ways is a nonprofit dedicated to preserving and promoting the culture, language, arts and more of the Tongva people. For more than a decade, the group has devoted time and research to put the missing pieces of the Tongva language together. In 2008, with the help of UCLA linguist Pamela Munro, “Now You're Speaking Our Language,” a phrase book of the Gabrielino/Tongva/Fernandeño language, was published.
The tragic circumstances surrounding what happened to the Tongva and other indigenous peoples hits close to home for many people who now live in Southern California, but descend from lands with histories that contain bloodshed, genocide and horrible human rights abuses. As we seek to keep our own cultures and traditions alive, remembering and reviving the forgotten history of those who came before us is just as important.
Whether we arrived yesterday, 20 or 300 years ago, we're all immigrants in the end.
LIANA AGHAJANIAN is a Los Angeles-based journalist whose work has appeared in L.A. Weekly, Paste magazine, New America Media, Eurasianet and The Atlantic. She may be reached at [email protected].
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The U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Healy moves through pancake ice in the Arctic's Chukchi Sea. (Photo by Carin Ashjian, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
What is Sea Ice?
Sea ice is frozen seawater
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The U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Healy moves through pancake ice in the Arctic's Chukchi Sea. (Photo by Carin Ashjian, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)
What is Sea Ice?
Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Unlike icebergs, which originate from land-based sources like glaciers and ice sheets, sea ice is formed entirely in the ocean.
Sea ice exists in the Arctic Ocean and the far northern and southern reaches of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Southern Oceans. It forms and melts each year with the seasons under the influence of several factors, including air and water temperature, the amount of sunlight reaching the ocean surface and the age of the ice.[ MORE ]
During the Northern Hemisphere winter, the extent of Arctic sea ice increases and generally reaches its maximum in March. As the days lengthen, sea ice extent gradually shrinks until reaching its minimum sometime in September. First-year ice—ice that has only existed for one winter season—generally melts more easily than older, multi-year ice because it is often thinner.
Warming in the Arctic is causing the annual extent of sea ice to shrink each winter. This is also shrinking the percentage of multi-year ice in the ice pack, which leaves it susceptible to further reductions each summer.[ LESS ]
Why is it important?
Sea ice plays an important role in Earth’s climate system. Because it is white, it reflects as much as 90 percent of the sunlight that lands on it. As the extent of sea ice in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres shrinks, it is exposing more of the ocean beneath. Because it is darker than sea ice, the ocean naturally absorbs more of the sunlight that lands on it, warming the water and causing additional melting to occur.
Sea ice is also an important part of the Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. The bottom and interior of sea ice is riddled with brine-filled channels that serve as a home for bacteria, viruses, unicellular algae, diatoms, ice worms and small crustaceans. As the ice warms in spring and summer, these tiny organisms are released into the surface water, where they become food for a wide range of fish and shrimp, which in turn become food for larger animals.[ MORE ]
In the winter, these sympagic (ice-reliant) organisms continue to survive and to thrive, providing a possible model for scientists interested in understanding how life could exist inside or beneath the frozen surface on some moons of Jupiter and Saturn.
Terrestrial animals, such as penguins in the Antarctic and polar bears in the Arctic, also rely on sea ice to provide a platform on which to hunt and rest.[ LESS ]
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This season, soak in the misty weather and the mystic forests of Amboli, a rare biodiversity hotspot tucked in the southernmost tip of Maharashtra that is home to exotic species of frogs, crabs and other reptiles
What’s awesome
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This season, soak in the misty weather and the mystic forests of Amboli, a rare biodiversity hotspot tucked in the southernmost tip of Maharashtra that is home to exotic species of frogs, crabs and other reptiles
What’s awesome about Amboli
>> Located at the height of above 2,000 feet, nestled deep within the dense foliage of the Sahyadris in the Western Ghats, Amboli is a rich bio-diversity hotspot. It forms the southernmost tip of Maharashtra. Away from the hazards of commercialisation and tourism, Amboli remains a rarely-documented spot, mainly because it is remotely located from big cities like Mumbai and Pune, and has lesser connectivity in terms of infrastructure.
The Malabar Gliding Frog a.k.a Malabar Flying Frog is native to Amboli in Maharashtra. Pic courtesy/ Caesar Sengupta
>> British political agent, Colonel Westrop, developed Amboli as a hill station after the opening of the Ghat Road from the coastal town of Vengurla, now in southern Maharashtra, to Belgaum in Karnataka.
Fungoid frog. PIC Courtesy/Caesar Sengupta
>> It is perhaps the only hill station in Maharashtra that is located on the crest line, but is politically located in a coastal district (Sindhudurg) from the Konkan region.
Burrowing Frog. Pic Courtesy/Kapil Visht
>> The hill station receives an average rainfall of 7,446 mm, the highest in Maharashtra.
>> Since Amboli is located on the crest line, it has taller evergreen and semi-evergreen forests. Some attractions in Amboli include the Shirgaonkar Point, Parikshat Point and Mahadevgarh Point.
Amboli Toad is endemic to the hill-station. Pic Courtesy/ Caesar Sengupta
>> Amboli is home to the Malabar Gliding Frog, an arboreal species that is also known as the Malabar Flying Frog. The other endemic species include Amboli Bush Frog and the critically endangered Amboli Toad. Malabar Pit Viper is also native to Amboli.
>> The origin of Hiranyakeshi River is near Amboli.
Eggs of a Night Frog. Pics Courtesy/ Caesar Sengupta
>> Monsoon is the best time to visit Amboli as you can spot caecilians, frogs and forest flowers, as well as cloud shrouded mountains. Whereas, avid bird watchers can plan a trip in summer.
Jumping Spider. Pic courtesy/Mumbai Travellers
>> Some of the cities close to Amboli include Belgaum (known for its dairy products), Kolhapur (famous for its Mahalakshmi Temple and leather chappals), and Panjim.
Land crab. Pic Courtesy/Caesar Sengupta
On a spotting spree
Frogs and toads: Malabar Gliding Frog, Tiger Toad, Amboli Tree Frog (Philatus amboli), Bombay Bush Frog (Raorchestes bombayensis), Indian Rock Frog (Indirana leithii), Night Frog, Beddome’s Burrowing Frog, Wrinkled Frog, Fungoid Frog and
Beddome's Keelback. Pic courtesy/Kapil Visht
Snakes: Malabar Pit Viper, Banded Racer, Green Keelback, Olive Forest snake, Beddome’s Keelback, Shield Tail Snake, Common Vine Snake and Checkered Keelback.
Mushroom. Pic Courtesy/Caesar Sengupta
Mammals: Leopard, tiger, Gaur, Sambar, Barking Deer, Small Indian Civet, Wild Boar, Grey Mongoose, Black-naped Hare and Giant Squirrel in the forests of Amboli.
Amboli landscape. Pic courtesy/ Caesar sengupta
Birds: Malabar Whistling Thrush, White-cheeked Barbet, Red-whiskered Bulbul, Yellow-browed Bulbul, Crimson Sunbird, Scimitar Babbler, Grey Junglefowl, Brown Hawk-Eagle, Shama and Crested Serpent Eagle. Bird sightings are better during the summer.
Participate in a three-day camp, starting from Sawantwadi. Organised by BNHS, the trip includes a night and a morning forest trail as well as an evening trail to a sacred grove of Amboli Ghat.
From: July 3 to July 5
Cost: Rs 5,900 (for members), Rs 6,500 (for others)
Learn the basics of wildlife photography through this three-day workshop conducted by Amit Rane, an in-house expert with DCP Expeditions. The expedition includes trails to Shirgaonkar Point, Parikshat Point and near Mahadevgarh in Amboli.
From: August 21 to August 23
Cost: Rs 9,000 (excluding Mumbai – Amboli – Mumbai travel)
Explore the forests of Amboli at nightfall with Mumbai Travellers and learn the basics of macro photography through expert-guided tours.
From: August 14 to August 16
Cost: Rs 7,000
From Mumbai 545 km
How to reach
By air: The nearest airport is Dabolim, Goa, approximately 120 km from Amboli.
By Train: Sawantwadi Railway station is about 8 km from the ST Depot. Konkan Kanya Express (10111) reaches Sawantwadi at 8.22 am.
By road: A 10-hour ride via NH 17.
Travel special: Spot Marine Iguanas in the Galapagos Isle
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Malnourished people are often more susceptible to colds and infectious diseases because they have deficiencies in their immune system.
There are two main reasons for malnourished people to be more susceptible to infections. First, malnourished people
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Malnourished people are often more susceptible to colds and infectious diseases because they have deficiencies in their immune system.
There are two main reasons for malnourished people to be more susceptible to infections. First, malnourished people usually face unsanitary conditions where disease is quickly spread. Second, malnourished people usually have depressed immune systems because the body needs nutrition to develop proper resistance to disease.
Malnourished people do not have access to health care, sanitary conditions, and insect control. Insects and poor sanitation can spread diseases.
A malnourished person has difficulty doing normal things such as... resisting disease. (wfp.org)
In addition, people who are malnourished do not have the vitamins and nutrition needed to develop their immune system. Even in an otherwise healthy or sanitary lifestyle, a person who does not eat properly risks infection and disease. It should also be noted that diseases often cause malnutrition.
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The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 96, July 1992 - April, 1993 Page: 442
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
Southwestern Historical Quarterly
upon
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The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 96, July 1992 - April, 1993 Page: 442
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
Southwestern Historical Quarterly
upon to confront Union threats to the coast or from the state's northern or
eastern borders. To augment this thin gray line, the state was once again con-
strained to call upon its traditional defenders, the Texas Rangers. The ongoing
debate over the ultimate responsibility for Texas's security contributed greatly
to the states' rights controversy that was perhaps as fatal to the Confederacy as
was the Union army.
In his detailed and exhaustively researched study of Texas's frontier defense
during the Civil War, David Paul Smith examines the life and death of this
little-studied backwater of the Confederacy and finds full measure of tragedy,
heroism, and sacrifice, too often lost sight of against the larger-scale but no
more colorful background of the Civil War in Virginia, Tennessee, and Geor-
gia. Although the regular and ranger forces were consid
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It’s NOT Just Baby Fat!: How to Help Your Child
Overview: Helping your child develop healthy eating and activity habits can be tricky. Do you forbid junk food and snacks? Bribe your child to eat vegetables? Putting a child on a
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It’s NOT Just Baby Fat!: How to Help Your Child
Overview: Helping your child develop healthy eating and activity habits can be tricky. Do you forbid junk food and snacks? Bribe your child to eat vegetables? Putting a child on a diet can backfire, possibly leading to an eating disorder or more weight gain. This entertaining presentation will show you how to guide your child to healthy eating and activity habits without creating a battle of wills or risking an eating disorder.
Separating Food From Feelings
Overview: Eating to soothe unpleasant emotions like stress, depression, anger, or loneliness causes weight gain, guilty feelings, and undermines any attempt to lose weight. Often an emotional upset will trigger a relapse undoing weight loss effort. With several self-assessment tools participants will discover their unique pattern of emotional eating and get specific, targeted techniques for overcoming these habits.
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The revolution in military affairs brought about by nuclear weapons has largely been viewed by the American military through a technical lens as a technological revolution and not as a conceptual revolution in terms of war and its political aims. However, nuclear weapons revolutionized our conception
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The revolution in military affairs brought about by nuclear weapons has largely been viewed by the American military through a technical lens as a technological revolution and not as a conceptual revolution in terms of war and its political aims. However, nuclear weapons revolutionized our conception of war, derived from Clausewitz, as a continuation of politics by other means because of their tremendous power and destructiveness which are a quantum order of magnitude above those of conventional arms. However, the realization by policymakers of their ability to potentially reach Clausewitz' level of absolute war through the use of nuclear weapons led to the limitation of their use as instruments of policy. This essay addresses Clausewitz's conception of war as an act of opposing forces and the use of nuclear weapons in this context as an irrational act. This results in the aversion to use nuclear weapons as a rational instrument of political power because of their very potential to reach absolute war.
Clausewitz stated that "War is thus an act of force to compel our enemy to do our will." Force was defined as physical force whose is objective is to impose one's will on the enemy, and "there is no logical limit to the application of that force." Because force is interactive, each side forces the other to follow suit leading to extremes. This is the first case of interaction and the first extreme.
The aim of war is to disarm the enemy and the worst condition that you may impose is to leave him defenseless or likely so. Likewise, the enemy will be trying to disarm you as waging war applies to both sides. Again, there is interaction leading to a second extreme.
The interaction of opposing forces are in relation to one another, that is, to overcome the enemy you must use greater force than he has the power to resist. In response, the enemy in turn will increase his own power. This is another case of interaction that will lead to a third extreme.
Clausewitz then observes that in practice modifications exist that will prevent these extremes from being reached. These modifications include (1) war is not an isolated act and arises out of the context of relations among the warring parties; (2) war does not consist of a single blow or a set of simultaneous blows; (3) in war the result is never final. These practical restraints limit the efforts expended giving rise to the political element of the war.
The advent of nuclear weapons clearly changed this calculus of force between opposing sides. Ever since August 1945, when the only two nuclear devices ever used in warfare destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, people have been awed and confounded by the power their weapons unleashed. As the technology of both weapons and delivery systems progressed and improved, in particular thermonuclear weapons and ballistic missiles, people became increasingly alienated from their own products and armed forces. Outside of the halls of governments, and in some respects within them as well, nuclear weapons by the citizenry at large were seen as a necessary evil at best. For example, during the 1950s and 1960s, American movies portrayed the popularly believed consequences of nuclear radiation, whether it being a deranged 50-foot man, giant ants, or the world shifting on its axis. The 1970s and 1980s were marked by the rise of a vast and vocal anti-nuclear movement, parti-cularly in the West, which viewed nuclear weapons as totally irrational and the consequences of their use as catastrophic to mankind.
Within the political and military realm, the advent of nuclear weapons led to profound conceptual changes as well. Due to their destructiveness, politico-military terms such as 'victory' became in a sense 'non-words' and became circumscribed by war-avoidance theories such as deterrence and mutual assured destruction (MAD). MAD in a Clausewitzian sense is irrational because governments do not pursue policies or prevent the enemy from going to war by assuring their own destruction but, rather, to impose their will upon the enemy by force. Throughout history, nations and their military establishments have recognized victory as the object of war. This was expressed in their military doctrines: if we wage war, it is for the policy objective of imposing our will on the enemy and when we do so, we call it a victory. In a nuclear war context, victory is now seen as militarily unattainable and hence as a politically irrational goal. It is unattainable because in trying to overcome the enemy's resistance to our force, we are destroyed by the enemy's opposing effort. In such a nuclear war we arrive at Clausewitz's extremes without modifying effects because the military means we have available, nuclear weapons, to achieve political objectives such as the destruction of the armed forces of the enemy, the physical occupation of his territory and the subjugation of his people, are incompatible with one another. These ends-means are incompatible because the use of nuclear weapons in a large-scale war (1) do not leave anything of use other than a nuclear wasteland, and (2) using the US-Soviet experience as an example, after the Soviet Union acquired a second-strike capability, its physical destruction by the United States was no longer possible because a US nuclear strike would entail a Soviet counterblow leading to the destruction of the US as well. If on the other hand we seek to moderate our war aims to limit the degree of military effort expended we are incurring greater political risk of escalation for less and less returns, for as Raymond Aron noted by limiting the violence in war we also limit the extent of our victory. Thus if we seek to maximize our victory which is our political goal, we must maximize our military effort against the enemy, who in turn will seek to maximize his efforts against ours. This interaction will escalate ultimately leading to our mutual destruction. In this context nuclear war is clearly not the co
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Five Hummingbird Facts
1. Hummingbirds are teeny tiny.
Most hummingbirds are are only 3 - 5 inches (7.5 - 13 cm) long.
The smallest, the bee hummingbird, is less
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Five Hummingbird Facts
1. Hummingbirds are teeny tiny.
Most hummingbirds are are only 3 - 5 inches (7.5 - 13 cm) long.
The smallest, the bee hummingbird, is less than 2 inches (5cm) long and weighs less than a penny.
For some really great close up pictures of hummingbirds, click here.
2. Hummingbirds can fly backwards.
Hummers can fly forward and backward and left and right. They can hover and even do figure eights!
On average, hummingbird's wings beat 53 times per second. The Giant Hummingbird's wings beat 10 - 15 times per second while the Amethyst Woodstar Hummingbird's wings beat 80 times per second.
To see hummingbirds flying in slow motion, click here.
3. Hummingbirds go into torpor - a special hibernation-like state.
When hummingbirds sleep, they go into a state called torpor that allows them to conserve energy.
Their metabolic rate drops. Their body temperature, which is normally 107 degrees Fahrenheit (41.7 degrees Celsius), drops to 70 degrees Fahrenheit (21.1 degrees Celsius).
During torpor, hummers look like they are dead. They may even hang upside down.
4. Hummingbirds have forked tongues
Hummingbirds drink nectar from flowers with a
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The damage that anger, depression, anxiety and other negative emotional states can do to heart health is well known. But what about happiness and other positive feelings? Do they offer protection?
A systematic review by researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health (
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The damage that anger, depression, anxiety and other negative emotional states can do to heart health is well known. But what about happiness and other positive feelings? Do they offer protection?
A systematic review by researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) suggests that the answer is "yes." But before the less positive among us become depressed about this, take note: there are some qualifiers. It's about what a positive outlook can lead people to do – and not do.
It is not enough to simply not be depressed or angry. What matters is the presence of positive psychological factors.
The researchers found that positive psychological factors do appear to reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and other cardiovascular events. It is not enough to simply not be depressed or angry. What matters is the presence of positive psychological factors like optimism, life satisfaction, and happiness.
Using data from more than 200 studies published in two scientific databases, Boehm and co-author Laura D. Kubzansky found that the most optimistic people had a roughly 50% reduced risk of experiencing an initial cardiovascular event compared to those where were less optimistic.
Optimism and positive emotions not only offer protection against cardiovascular disease, they also appear to slow the progression of disease.
There is more to this relationship than meets the eye, however. It is not just that happy people live longer; they work at it. The researchers found that people with a sense of well-being tended to engage in healthier behaviors such as exercising, eating a balanced diet, and getting sufficient sleep.
Higher scores on the positive factors were also related to better biological function, such as lower blood pressure, healthier blood fat levels, and normal body weight.
The study was published online in Psychological Bulletin on April 17.
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Author(s): Wilde H, Chutivongse S, Tepsumethanon W, Choomkasien P, Polsuwan C,
Abstract Share this page
Abstract Of the more than 100,000 courses of postexposure
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Author(s): Wilde H, Chutivongse S, Tepsumethanon W, Choomkasien P, Polsuwan C,
Abstract Share this page
Abstract Of the more than 100,000 courses of postexposure rabies treatment given in Thailand annually, 95\% consist of brain tissue-derived vaccine without immune globulin. Rabies tissue culture vaccines and immune globulins are expensive by the standards of developing countries. When they are given according to either of two proven intradermal postexposure schedules, significant savings can be achieved without loss of efficacy. Purified equine rabies immune globulins account for approximately 10\% of the cost of human products administered to exposed individuals and have been shown to be safe and effective. A canine preexposure immunogenicity study with a potent, inactivated tissue culture vaccine revealed that 12.5\% of Thai dogs failed to develop protective antibody titers 2 months after one subcutaneous injection. Previous studies have shown significant antigenic differences between Thai street rabies virus and European and North African strains.
This article was published in Rev Infect Dis
and referenced in Clinical Depression
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St Michael in Berg am LaimEdit profile
St. Michael in Berg am Laim is a church in Munich, southern Germany, built from 1738 to 1751 by Johann Michael Fischer as Court Church for Prince Archbishop Clemens August
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St Michael in Berg am LaimEdit profile
St. Michael in Berg am Laim is a church in Munich, southern Germany, built from 1738 to 1751 by Johann Michael Fischer as Court Church for Prince Archbishop Clemens August of Cologne, a son of the Bavarian Elector Maximinial Emmanuel. It was also served by a Brotherhood of St. Michael the Archangel. This Catholic church is one of the chief works of the Bavarian rococo period.Architecture
The elegant facade with its twin towers provides a strong vertical accent was designed as the terminal feature of a street to the inner city which was never built.
Large round-headed arches divide the interior of the chu
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A central furnace or boiler's efficiency is measured by annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE). AFUE is a measure of how efficient the appliance is in using electricity or fossil fuels (oil or gas) over the course of a typical year.
An
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A central furnace or boiler's efficiency is measured by annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE). AFUE is a measure of how efficient the appliance is in using electricity or fossil fuels (oil or gas) over the course of a typical year.
An all-electric furnace or boiler has no flue loss through a chimney. The AFUE rating for an all-electric furnace or boiler is between 95% and 100%. The lower values are for units installed outdoors because they have greater jacket heat loss. However, despite their high efficiency, the higher cost of electricity in most parts of the country makes all-electric furnaces or boilers an uneconomic choice. If you are interested in electric heating, you might consider installing a heat-pump system.
The minimum allowed AFUE rating for a noncondensing fossil-fueled, warm-air furnace is 78%; the minimum rating for a fossil-fueled boiler is 80%; and the minimum rating for a gas-fueled steam boiler is 75%. A condensing furnace or boiler condenses the water vapor produced in the combustion process and uses the heat from this condensation. The AFUE rating for a condensing unit can be much higher (by more than 10 percentage points) than a noncondensing furnace. Although a condensing unit costs more than a noncondensing unit, the condensing unit can save you money in fuel costs over the 15 to 20-year life of the unit.
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By: Beth Evarts
It’s the holiday season and along with the season brings memories of Christmas /Hanukkah, treasured memories with family, friends and holiday traditions. Every culture has its own traditions to the holiday season from special foods
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By: Beth Evarts
It’s the holiday season and along with the season brings memories of Christmas /Hanukkah, treasured memories with family, friends and holiday traditions. Every culture has its own traditions to the holiday season from special foods that are only served during this time of the year to the special decorations that are homemade or have been gather over the years to represent a special time.
Image courtesy of graur codrin at FreeDigitalPhotos.
Holiday decorations from the all-time favorite mistletoe that began in the eighteenth-century and the English credited with a certain magical appeal called a kissing ball. At Christmas time, a young lady standing under a ball of mistletoe, brightly trimmed with evergreens, ribbons, and ornaments, cannot refuse to be kissed. Such a kiss could mean deep romance or lasting friendship and goodwill. If the girl remained unkissed, she cannot expect not to marry the following year. Another old world tradition is the pickle, an ornamental pickle is placed on a Christmas tree as one of the Christmas decorations. On Christmas morning, the first child to find the pickle on the tree would receive an extra present from Santa and would be said to have a year of good fortune.
Traditions vary from family to family and as the family grows so do the traditions. Over the years, times have changed and in today’s world, we have many families who have brought together two cultures in one household and they are teaching their children both of the holidays Hanukkah and Christmas and allowing them to experience both cultures and as the children become of age they will decide themselves which holiday if not both are near and dearest to their hearts.
Hanukkah, also known as the Festival of Lights is an eight-day Jewish Holiday. The festival is observed by the kindling of the lights of a unique candelabrum ( the nine-branched Menorah). On each night of the holiday, one candle is lit, progressing to eight on the final night. The word Chanukah or Hanukkah means rededication, in the case of the holiday rededication of the temple after the Maccabees’ victory over the Greek-Syrians. The spiritual meaning of Hanukkah is one of faith in God; in remaining true to one’s traditional beliefs even when forbidden to do so by the authorities and is a story about the courage of the Maccabees. They risked their lives and won against all odds because they believed in the courage of their convictions. The Hanukkah menorah is also called a Chanukah and it has nine branches. The ninth branch is elevated above the others and is known as the Shamash or service candle. A menorah with a Shamash may only be used during Hanukkah. The Chanukah is usually placed in a window where it can be viewed from the outside so that passers-by can see it and reflect on the story of Hanukkah. Each night, the family gathers around while a candle is lit and a blessing is recited to remember God’s faithfulness to his people. The gift-giving tradition of Hanukkah has evolved out of the Jewish tradition of giving “gelt” or money to children if they could correctly answer questions about the meaning of Hanukkah. Children are often given gifts instead of money. There is a symbolism associated with the giving of gelt (gelt is a Yiddish term that means money). After their victory over the Greek-Syrians, the Jews were permitted to mint their own money; hence the coins or gelt refers to this hard-won freedom. It further reminds people to be charitable and share with those in need.
The holiday season is such a magical time of the year and it doesn’t matter what holiday you celebrate or what traditions are near and dear to your heart it is about family and friends and being thankful for what we have day in and day out.
In closing, here is a little trivia for fun.
- Christmas trees have been sold in the U.S. since 1850.
- Approximately 30-35 million real (living) Christmas trees are sold each year in the U.S
- Christmas trees usually grow for about 15 years before they are sold.
- It is estimated that the single “White Christmas” by Irving Berlin is the bestselling single of all time, with over 100 million sales worldwide.
- In 1962, the first Christmas postage stamp was issued in the United States.
- A Dreidel is a four-sided spinning top decorated with a Hebrew letter on each side. It
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Jade (YU) in China refers to a fine beautiful stone with a warm color and rich luster. The chinese character for Jade was originally represented by three pieces of jade threaded by a string.
The chinese character for Emperor was also represented
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Jade (YU) in China refers to a fine beautiful stone with a warm color and rich luster. The chinese character for Jade was originally represented by three pieces of jade threaded by a string.
The chinese character for Emperor was also represented by a similar symbol. Each line represented Heaven, Earth and the Underworld. The vertical line running through the three horizontal lines
represented the Emperor. There were three Emperors, one for each plane of existance.
Chinese scholars today believe that the symbol for jade might have been the same as
the symbol for Emperor. The extra dot was believed to be a simple clerical error that eventually
caused the symbols to differ.
In the chinese culture, jade symbolizes nobility, perfection, constancy and immortality. For millenia,
jade has been an integral part of the lives of the chinese. To them, jade was viewed as the most
valuable of all precious stones. Aside from commercial value, Jade also possessed occult value.
Since nearly the beginning of the Chinese civilization, it was considered the " Stone of Heaven".
Jade is found in mountains and riverbeds. The Chinese considered Jade to be
"the essence of Heaven and Earth." Jade is an essence produced through the natural forces of rivers
and mountains over eons.
If jade is not skillfully cut and polished, the potential richness and luster that people prize cannot be expressed. When polished and carved, jade is attributed with certain cultural characteristics. Jade symbolized the noble bearing of a gentlemen. Jade has served as talismens, amulets for protection, badges of social rank, stores of value, medium of exchange, and conveyors of Imperial Court and
military orders. They were esteemed gifts and object of arts. Jade in its purest form, was a link
between the physical world and the spiritual world.
Discussion of Jade I
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An essential element of
perspective will be the realization that the rational intellect alone is not a reliable
source of true knowledge about reality.
While reason is an essential tool for
circumscribed exterior, objective, manipulative areas of study,
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An essential element of
perspective will be the realization that the rational intellect alone is not a reliable
source of true knowledge about reality.
While reason is an essential tool for
circumscribed exterior, objective, manipulative areas of study, it is unreliable and
inappropriate for higher philosophical research.
The attempt to obtain true knowledge
about reality through reason alone is fruitless, frustrating, and futile. Real acquisition
of truth is possible only when the faculty of reason is augmented and supplemented by the
equally essential and complementary faculty of intuition.
Ratio = Comparison of Parts
A ratio in mathematics is
a method of analysis of a number by breaking it down into its component elements and
studying the relationships that appear between them.
Similarly, the rational
thought process involves cutting ideas or thoughts into parts and arranging them into
patterns and categories.
Ratiocination does not conceive of the
whole, but only the part.
Its only concern is differentiation.
It is the function of intuition to
conceive of the whole, and of unity; it is the function of reason to conceive of the part,
and of division.
Intuition focuses on similarity;
reason focuses on distinction.
Pairs of Opposites
Reason resolves ideas into bipolar
dualities or pairs of apparently contradictory propositions (A vs. Not
It focuses on one element of each duality as true and on the other as
Rational thought necessarily excludes
any awareness of the validity of the complementary polar element. Thus it is capable of
dealing with only half of each equation, and is blinded by its nature to the other half.
Every rational thought contains an
inherent contradiction, because each thought is inseparably linked to an
equally true hidden opposite thought.
Annihilation and Transcendence
True knowledge of reality can be
obtained only when rational thought is transcended by the conscious combination of the
apparently contradictory elements of each proposition, so that the paradoxical
validity of each polar opposite is recognized.
The positive and
negative elements (thesis and antithesis) combine [(+) +
(–) = 0] in an
explosive (orgasmic) cognitive reaction, resulting in the annihilation of
rational thought and the emergence of a higher, more holistic form of cognition (as it is
written, Your eyes shall be opened, and you shall be as the gods, knowing good and
It is the faculty of intuition that
makes this transformative transcendence of rational thought possible. Though largely
denied, denigrated or dismissed by modern Western science, philosophy, and religion,
intuitive thought is an inherent element of the human psyche.
Intuition is direct perception or
awareness of reality, unfiltered by the categorical analysis of ratiocination, and not
dependent on the five physical senses.
Intuitive thought can be described as
the operation of interior senses channels of perception that are not
dependent on the physical sense organs or extrasensory forms of
The existence of these interior
senses was aptly expressed by the British poet William Blake, recognized as a Prophet
by the CGL:
How do we know but every bird
that cuts the airy way
Is an immense world of delight,
closed by our senses five?
If the doors of perception were
everything would appear to man as it is, infinite.
For man has closed himself up,
till he sees all things
through narrow chinks of his cavern.
(extra-sensory perception) phenomena as
telepathy, clairvoyance and clairaudience, psychometry, etc., which are studied in the
field of parapsychology, comprise one aspect of the interior senses referred
(Traditional spiritual perspective on
these powers is provided in The
Yoga Sutras of
Patanjali, one of the
scriptures of the Hindu religion, which will be recognized by our Church as canonical.)
Another way the interior
senses are manifested is through the mystical experience referred to in
the religious literature of the world.
The mystical experience is a
spontaneously emerging psychic state of expanded awareness in which impressions and
realizations about nature, reality, and life arise in the mind, often with great power and
authority, accompanied by a blissfully celebratory sense of certainty.
A form of intuitive thought familiar
to many is the sudden hunch that provides valuable information or the solution
to a perplexing problem; this is the Aha! or Eureka! experience in
which answers are suddenly, inexplicably available and obvious.
Sense of Certainty
Intuitive thought is often accompanied
by a clear subjective sense of absolute certainty, of such intensity that it cannot
Properly attuned and augmented, this
sense can be developed into an instrument of exacting precision, a truth
detector — an invaluable and infallible guide in the search for truth if
insured against dogma and superstition by the checks and balances of the
syncretic/eclectic method of comparative analysis.
The intuitive faculty, like musical or
artistic talent, occurs naturally in some people more than in others. All humans have access to it to some
degree, just as all have, to some degree, the capacity for rational thought.
Like the creative talents, the ability
to use intuition must be nu
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Let’s say you find yourself discussing a Bible verse with a friend, and suddenly he says, “You’re taking that verse out of context!” You didn’t think you were taking it out of context, but how do you know?
The “
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Let’s say you find yourself discussing a Bible verse with a friend, and suddenly he says, “You’re taking that verse out of context!” You didn’t think you were taking it out of context, but how do you know?
The “out of context” claim is often used to stop arguments, but many times with no basis. Yet many times Bible texts are taken out of context and made to mean things which their authors never intended them to mean.
How do you respond to your friend?
How do you make sure that you are not taking Scripture out of context?
And what is context anyway?
- the parts of a written or spoken statement that precede or follow a specific word or passage, usually influencing its meaning or effect: You have misinterpreted my remark because you took it out of context.
- the set of circumstances or facts that surround a particular event, situation, etc.
Keeping a portion of Scripture in context is nothing more than making sure we fully understand the portion we are interested in, as well as, what comes before and after it.
Peter gives us a clear warning on taking scripture out of context.
2 Peter 3:16
He [Paul] writes the same way in all his letters, speaking in them of these matters. His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.
What I take from Peter’s admonition is when we come across portions of the Bible that we don’t understand, we shouldn’t try to impose our modern-day understanding on top of it, which could possibly distort its meaning. Instead we should seek to understand the context in which the Scripture was written by asking knowledgeable and spiritually mature ministers, family and friends. We can also use tools like Bible commentators, Bible study guides, and Greek and Hebrew language tools, all of which can be found online at places like Blue Letter Bible and BibleGateway.
Types of Context: (taken from Energion – Understanding Context)
- Syntactic Context
This is simply the linguistic structure of the verse, and how various elements of it fit together. It means you need to get various clauses and phrases attached to the right element of the sentence.
- Literary Context
Where does this element fit in the broader structure of the passage I’m reading. In part, this involves understanding what type of literature you are reading.
- Historical Context
When in history was this passage written? What were the circumstances? What elements of the history contribute to the nature of the material written.
- Cultural Context
This overlaps with historical context, but goes beyond it. How did the people who wrote and/or heard the piece of literature you are studying understand the world, and written texts? What concepts were available in their world?
- Canonical Context
Where does this passage fit in the overall canon of scripture. For those who are reading the Bible as part of the literature of their faith, this is particularly important. There are reasons why these texts were chosen and put together into the larger book we call the Bible. How does your passage fit into this broader picture?
- Spiritual Context
Where does this passage fit in spirituality generally?
- Experiential Context
What is the nature of the religious or spiritual experience of the people who wrote and read or heard the passage you are studying?
Examples of “out of context” and misused scriptures:
“God has a prosperous plan and future for me.”
1 This is
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Linus the Turbonerd sends in the bulletin that BPA, a toxic chemical used in the production of polycarbonate, the plastic composing hard, clear water bottles, has been found to leach out of such containers, directly into the
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Linus the Turbonerd sends in the bulletin that BPA, a toxic chemical used in the production of polycarbonate, the plastic composing hard, clear water bottles, has been found to leach out of such containers, directly into the water that their users consume. "In addition to polycarbonate bottles, which are refillable and a popular container among students, campers and others and are also used as baby bottles, BPA is also found in dentistry composites and sealants and in the lining of aluminum food and beverage cans.... 'We found that drinking cold liquids from polycarbonate bottles for just one week increased urinary BPA levels by more than two-thirds. If you heat those bottles, as is the case with baby bottles, we would expect the levels to be considerably higher. This would be of concern since infants may be particularly susceptible to BPA's endocrine-disrupting potential,' said Karin B. Michels, associate professor of epidemiology at HSPH and Harvard Medical School and senior author of the study."
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Studies carried out by scientists from the Institute of Forensic Genetics at the University of Copenhagen have concluded that all blue-eyed people share a common ancestor, someone who lived 6,000 to 10,000 years ago near the area by the Black
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Studies carried out by scientists from the Institute of Forensic Genetics at the University of Copenhagen have concluded that all blue-eyed people share a common ancestor, someone who lived 6,000 to 10,000 years ago near the area by the Black sea.
Researchers analyzed and compared the unique genetic make-up of the chromosomes in the iris from 155 blue-eyed individuals from diverse regions such as Denmark, Turkey and Jordan.
All of the subjects that participated in the study had the exact same genetic "mutations" in specific chromosomes of the eye with very little variation on the genes, indicating that the "mutation" responsible for blue-eyes first arose and spread relatively recently. (Study)
Scientists conclude that this blue-eyed family spread out from an area north of the Black Sea following the last ice age. These people were among the proto-Indo-European Aryans who subsequently spread agriculture into western Europe and later rode horses into Iran and India, explains Professor Hans Eiberg of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine a
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If the sponsors of a new bill before the North Carolina General Assembly get their way then the state will repeal its mandatory motorcycle helmet law for those drivers 21 and older. The measure, currently under consideration, would abolish the requirement that all drivers wear
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If the sponsors of a new bill before the North Carolina General Assembly get their way then the state will repeal its mandatory motorcycle helmet law for those drivers 21 and older. The measure, currently under consideration, would abolish the requirement that all drivers wear a safety helmet when on their bikes, a move that has been decried by many safety experts.
The law would specifically require that only those drivers younger than 21 would have to wear a helmet. The law also states that anyone who has had his or her license for less than a year would be required to wear a helmet until 12 months had passed. The legislation stipulates that those riders choosing not to wear their helmet would need to carry enough insurance to cover the first $10,000 of any medical bills that might result from an accident.
The bill in North Carolina recently passed the House Transportation Committee and is preparing to move on to a vote of the full House, inching closer to passage. Should North Carolina abolish its law, it would join the 31 other states that lack mandatory helmet usage laws. The sponsor of the legislation has said the issue is about individual choice and that the government should stay out of the matter. Others have said that the cost of citizens suffering potentially debilitating injuries, including brain damage, gives the government more than enough reason to implement such a helmet law.
One of the other groups that have come out against the bill is AAA of North Carolina. The group has argued that the state is currently one of the safest states in terms of motorcycle fatalities and that abolishing the measure that has led to that safety would place hundreds or thousands of people at risk for serious injuries. The group said that between 2007 and 2011 nearly 800 people in North Carolina died in motorcycle accidents and repealing the helmet law would only lead to increases in that already high number.
The North Carolina Injury Attorney’s Perspective:
According to the Centers for Disease Control, between 2001 and 2008, more than 34,000 motorcyclists were killed on the nation’s roadways. During that same period, an estimated 1.2 million people were treated in emergency departments for non-fatal motorcycle-related injuries. Statistics show that injured riders commonly are left with head and neck injuries, sometimes resulting in severe brain trauma or paralysis, especially in instances where riders were thrown from their motorcycle.
Potentially Helpful Information:
If you lost a family member in a terrible Virginia car, motorcycle or truck wreck caused by another driver, it’s critical that you turn to an experienced attorney for advice. My firm has successfully represented clients injured in such motorcycle wrecks before. In one case, my firm was able to secure a $450,000 award for a client who was injured in an accident while riding his Harley to a nearby convenience store.
If you or a loved one has been seriously injured in a Virginia (VA) motorcycle accident and you want to learn more about your legal rights and possible options for pursing a claim against the responsible party, read through my firm’s car accident injury guide, which provides some important information about such claims.
Have Questions? Check out our FAQs
If you were recently injured in a Virginia car, motorcycle or truck accident and are not sure how to move forward, it might be helpful to check out my firm’s answers to some frequently asked questions regarding car accident claims. For instance, you may be wondering what types of damages an injured person can recover or how you can go about calculating and recovering money for lost wages. For these answers and more, read my firm’s Virginia car accident FAQs.
Here's a video of one of our attorney's discussing a challenging motorcycle accident case:
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Europe and America- Similarities and Differences in Security Structures
In the present, many nations are struggling against the consequences of the global financial and economic crisis, which seriously changed the attitude and shifted the policies of many nations from a global to a domestic
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Europe and America- Similarities and Differences in Security Structures
In the present, many nations are struggling against the consequences of the global financial and economic crisis, which seriously changed the attitude and shifted the policies of many nations from a global to a domestic level in order to protect their economies. On the other hand, the globalized world economy has become a network of cooperation and multilateralism, which only leaves limited agility to its players, as they are deeply connected to each other.
Global security structures should not be interpreted as the plain military capacity of a nation or of an alliance of states, but as the combination of political, economic and social factors that allow this very security structures to exist and further develop.
The new millennium has brought new challenges on a global scale: The EU has to deal with the back draft of its three last expansion rounds as well as its position in world politics; the US have tried to repair the damage done by the Bush administration in terms of domestic economic downturn and foreign policy deficits (respectively, by working on the stimulus during Obama’s government and foreign policies oriented towards peace and cooperation, but never passiveness); and the OAS has found itself over decades to be an organization with a very limited effect and insufficient significance in the Americas.
This article will address all these issues, looking into the past of the different nations conforming the mentioned blocks to try to explain their development and find the historical reasons for the present challenges the world faces today.
- Publication: Special Reports
- Pages: 88
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As a working calligrapher I use a wide variety of writing tools on a daily basis. These range from brushes to reeds to metal-nibbed pens. Rather than write a detailed description of all the hundreds of types of pens available,
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As a working calligrapher I use a wide variety of writing tools on a daily basis. These range from brushes to reeds to metal-nibbed pens. Rather than write a detailed description of all the hundreds of types of pens available, I will give a quick overview of the major categories of pens, starting with the most simple. By simple I mean most ancient and handmade, rather than products of the industrial revolution. These tools are not always simple to cut and shape correctly, nor to use to make beautiful calligraphy. Patience and practice (practice, practice, practice) is the key to learning calligraphy, regardless of the tool.
Reed Pens (qalam, قلم) and their predecessors, the pointed stylus, are probably the oldest pens. Before that, humans no doubt made marks with their fingers, hands and the burnt ends of sticks. The stylus was used to press marks into clay (e.g., cuneiform tablets). A sharp stylus can scratch letters into dried palm leaves and pigment rubbed into the engraved line, creating the millions of pages of the palm leaf books of ancient and classical India. The reed pen, dipped in any type of pigment or ink, makes marks on papyrus, silk, other types of fabric and eventually onto paper. The reed pen was a major writing tool for classical Greek, Latin and Phonecian–and is the classical tool for writing Hebrew and Arabic calligraphy. The qalam is the first tool I used when learning to write calligraphy. This was in Iran, and the ability to write a passable line of poetry in Persian Nasta’liq was a requirement for passing elementary school. Our teacher would walk through the classroom, make a fresh cut on our reed pens and write a line of poetry at the top of the notebook paper on each of our desks. With reed dip pens and permanent black ink we all made a horrific mess! The difference between myself and my classmates is that after passing the exam they never touched a pen again.
Brushes are another ancient writing tool. Made from the hair of different types of animals (and now also of synthetic fibres), calligraphy brushes must be made by an expert brush maker to really be of service. I use primarily Chinese brushes, and once in a while a flat sign-painters brush. There are brushes of all varieties of hair, sizes and shapes. What brush to use depends on what type of mark (and what size mark) you wish to make.
Quills are another tool which is sensitive to the movements of the calligrapher’s hand and arm. The flight feathers of birds (goose, turkey, and other large birds) are hardened by exposing them to heat and then cut into either a flat edge for broad-nibbed calligraphy styles, or into a point for styles such as Spencerian and Copperplate.
With the advent of manufacturing and the Industrial Revolution, new forms of the older pens were developed. Calligraphers continue to use these tools, and indeed engineers and calligraphers continue to experiment and improve upon the designs. Metal quills of all sorts are manufactured. The different types are designed for different applications and calligraphers have very strong preferences (as well as dislikes) of the different models available. There is not quite as much disagreement about broad nib (flat or chisel-shaped metal nibs) pens designed for such styles as italics, black letter, book hand, roman, etc. In general these nibs fit into wooden or plastic pen holders and often have some type of built-in or removable metal reservoir to hold some ink. The primary difference between the different models is the degree of stiffness or flex in the metal. Which nib to use is largely a matter of personal preference. There are also nibs designed to hold a larger volume of ink so that larger format lettering can be done; and, nibs with multiple writing points, or cuts or slits, so that two, three or more parallel lines can be made with each stroke.
The commonality of all of the writing tools
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Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible, by Matthew Henry,, at sacred-texts.com
With this chapter Moses concludes his preface to the repetition of the statutes and judgments which they must observe to do. He repeats the general charge (Deu
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Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible, by Matthew Henry,, at sacred-texts.com
With this chapter Moses concludes his preface to the repetition of the statutes and judgments which they must observe to do. He repeats the general charge (Deu 11:1), and, having in the close of the foregoing chapter begun to mention the great things God had done among them, in this, I. He specifies several of the great works God had done before their eyes (Deu 11:2-7). II. He sets before them, for the future, life and death, the blessing and the curse, according as they did, or did not, keep God's commandments, that they should certainly prosper if they were obedient, should be blessed with plenty of all good things (Deu 11:8-15), and with victory over their enemies, and the enlargement of their coast thereby (Deu 11:22-25). But their disobedience would undoubtedly be their ruin (Deu 11:16, Deu 11:17). III. He directs them what means to use that they might keep in mind the law of God (Deu 11:18-21). And, IV. Concludes all with solemnly charging them to choose which they would have, the blessing or the curse (Deu 11:26, etc.).
Because God has made thee as the stars of heaven for multitude (so the preceding chapter concludes), therefore thou shalt love the Lord thy God (so this begins). Those whom God has built up into families, whose beginning was small, but whose latter end greatly increases, should use that as an argument with themselves why they should serve God. Thou shalt keep his charge, that is, the oracles of his word and ordinances of his worship, with which they were entrusted and for which they were accountable. It is a phrase often used concerning the office of the priests and Levites, for all Israel was a kingdom of priests, a holy nation. Observe the connection of these two: Thou shalt love the Lord and keep his charge, since love will work in obedience, and that only is acceptable obedience which flows from a principle of love. Jo1 5:3.
Mention is made of the great and terrible works of God which their eyes had seen, Deu 11:7. This part of his discourse Moses addresses to the seniors among the people, the elders in age; and probably the elders in office were so, and were now his immediate auditors: there were some among them that could remember their deliverance out of Egypt, all above fifty, and to them he speaks this, not to the children, who knew it by hearsay only, Deu 11:2. Note, God's mercies to us when we were young we should remember and retain the impressions of when we are old; what our eyes have seen, especially in our early days, has affected us, and should be improved by us long after. They had seen what terrible judgments God had executed upon the enemies of Israel's peace, 1. Upon Pharaoh and the Egyptians that enslaved them. What a fine country was ruined and laid waste by one plague after another, to force Israel's enlargement! Deu 11:3. What a fine army was entirely drowned in the Red Sea, to prevent Israel's being re-enslaved! Deu 11:4. Thus did he give Egypt for their ransom, Isa 43:3. Rather shall that famous kingdom be destroyed than that Israel shall not be delivered. 2. Upon Dathan and Abiram that embroiled them. Remember what he did in the wilderness (Deu 11:5), by how many necessary chastisements (as they are called, Deu 11:2) they were kept from ruining themselves, particularly when those daring Reubenites defied the authority of Moses and headed a dangerous rebellion against God himself, which threatened the ruin of a whole nation, and might have ended in that if the divine power had not immediately crushed the rebellion by burying the rebels alive, them and all that was in their possession, Deu 11:6. What was done against them, though misinterpreted by the disaffected party (Num 16:41), was really done in mercy to Israel. To be saved from the mischiefs of insurrections at home is as great a kindness to a people, and therefore lays them under as strong obligations, as protection from the invasion of enemies abroad.
Still Moses urges the same subject, as loth to conclude till he had gained his point. "If thou wilt enter into life, if thou wilt enter into Canaan, a type of that life, and find it a good land indeed to thee, keep the commandments: Keep all the commandments which I command you this day; love God, and serve him with all your heart."
I. Because this was the way to get and keep possession of the promised land. 1. It was the way to get possession (Deu 11:8): That you may be strong for war, and so go in and possess it. So l
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The Unfinished Obelisk in Aswan
An obelisk is generally defined as a tall and slender monument, with four sides converging to a mini pyramidal shape at the topmost point. Though it is basically a Greek architecture
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The Unfinished Obelisk in Aswan
An obelisk is generally defined as a tall and slender monument, with four sides converging to a mini pyramidal shape at the topmost point. Though it is basically a Greek architecture, there are few obelisks in Egypt as well and the unfinished obelisk of Aswan is known to be one of the largest among them. It was constructed by Hatshepsut, the queen of Thutmose II, who also ruled Egypt as a Pharaoh from 1478 to 1458 B.C., jointly with Thutmose III, who was then only a child. This obelisk was perhaps built following the example of the Lateran Obelisk that was initially built at Karnak Temple Complex in Egypt and was shifted to the Lateran square of Rome at a much later era of Roman Empire.
The Unfinished Obelisk lies, in its original location, in a granite quarry in Aswan. It is 42m in length and was most probably abandoned when some cracks appeared in the rock, during its construction. Had this obelisk been completed, it would have been the heaviest obelisk ever cut in Ancient Egypt, weighing nearly 1100 tons! It is believed that it was constructed and abandoned during the reign of Queen Hatshepsut (18th Dynasty).
During the earliest ages, the Ancient Egyptians knew the so-called " Pn-pn", which was a pyramidal stone with a pointed top and according to their beliefs the "Pn-pn" symbolized the primeval hill from which the world first appeared. Then, in the course of time, this Pn-pn evolved to be an obelisk usually made of granite with a pyramidal shape on top.
During the 5th Dynasty, the obelisk began to play an important role inside the temples of Ra; the obelisk being a sacred symbol of the cult of the sun. They were erected on a great base in an open court, and then as the suns rays fell on its pyramidal top, the bright light filled the Temple, giving the people a symbol of the power of the sun. One of the most important obelisks, which still stand in pride in the district of El Mataraya, was erected in front of the entrance of the vanished temple of Re at Heliopolis. King Senwosret I, to commemorate the ceremony of the "Heb-sed", dedicated it to the temple.
In the New Kingdom, especially at the time of the 18th and 19th Dynasties, the Kings used to erect obelisks in front of the different temples for religious and political reasons.
The detailed description of the unfinished obelisk in Aswan
This huge obelisk was intended to make at least one third bigger in length than all other ordinary obelisks of Egypt. It was supposed to be 42 m in total height and this rock-cut structure should have weighed approximately 1200 tons. Initially, this obelisk was attempted to be carved out of the bedrock of granite, but the whole project had to be left incomplete, when few cracks were noticed in the granite. The base of the obelisk is still attached to the bedrock of this granite quarry of Aswan or Assuan, as this place is called in the local Egyptian language. Now no one is sure about the exact reason of the formation of these cracks, but probably the digging out procedure of the granite might have caused these fissures; though earlier it was assumed that the granite might be of inferior quality.
The technology used in building obelisk
This obelisk provides much information about the stone-carving procedures of ancient Egyptians, as the scratches of their instruments can still be seen clearly on its rock surface. Also, some ochre colored lines are found on this surface, which were probably drawn to mark the places where the workers were supposed to carve out the granite. Now it is discovered that the ancient Egyptians used small balls of a harder mineral than granite, which is called Dolerite, as ball-bearings to cut through the rocks. They used a special technique to separate the granite from the bedrock, where they made very small cavities in the body of the rock, all along the line of desired detachment and those cavities were filled with wood chips and then these chips were wetted thoroughly with water. This soaking made the wood to expand in volume, causing the rock to crack along the drawn lines and finally got detached from its base. But nothing could be found out till now, about their other technological instruments, which were used in architecture or sculpting out from the hard granites.
Another mini obelisk is also found on the same site, which was probably just started to be carved from the quarry of Aswan, along with few other rock-carvings there. Now the modern Egyptian government has announced the whole place as an open museum and arranged to preserve these structures as archaeological treasures of the country. This quarry of Aswan probably also provided granites for other obelisks of Egypt, as many residues of similar sizes are found here.
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Cyanide poisoning inorganic
Occupational Diseases / / April 26, 2016
Hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid, formic acid nitrile) - a colorless, readily mobile, very volatile liquid
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Cyanide poisoning inorganic
Occupational Diseases / / April 26, 2016
Hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid, formic acid nitrile) - a colorless, readily mobile, very volatile liquid;aqueous solutions with the smell of bitter almonds.hydrocyanic acid vapor is lighter than air.
sodium and potassium cyanide - colorless crystals in the air in the presence of moisture is easy to decompose with the release of hydrocyanic acid.Cyanogen chloride - a colorless liquid with a pungent smell.Cyanogen bromide - colorless crystals with a pungent odor. calcium Cyanamid - pure snow white, technical - grayish-black fine powder. black cyanide - a mixture of cyanide and calcium and sodium chlorides, dark gray powder (crystals or grains) with a faint odor of bitter almonds.
Hydrocyanic acid and cyanides found in the production of cyanide, benzene, xylene, toluene;the extraction of gold and silver from ores;cyanidation of steel;when electroforming Gold and silver plating;as pesticides (cyanogen chloride, cyanogen bromide, black cyanide);as a fertilizer (calcium cyanamide).
MPC for hydrogen cyanide and cyanides - 0.3 mg / m3.
enters the body through the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, rapidly absorbed through the mucous membranes.Perhaps flow through the skin in contact with the solution, which is facilitated by the high temperature air and increased physical stress.In the body of hydrocyanic acid is partially destroyed, cyanide binds sulfur and excreted in the urine and feces.Part of hydrocyanic acid is released in the unaltered light (exhaled air has the smell of bitter almonds).
Cyanide, having a high affinity for ferric iron, blocking breathing gemiferment (cytochrome oxidase cells).Due to the inability to dispose of the oxygen comes tissue hypoxia.The oxygen content in the venous blood increases sharply, arteriovenous difference almost completely smoothed out.This explains the scarlet color of mucous membranes and the skin of the poisoned person.
affects the central nervous system as the most sensitive to oxygen starvation.Early suffer respiratory and vasomotor centers.In chronic poisoning reduced thyroid activity.
rapid development, at high concentrations - convulsions, unconsciousness and death due to the instantaneous respiratory paralysis or (later), heart failure (apoplectic form).At lower concentrations, and slower during distinguish several stages:
I stage of "primary phenomena» - metallic taste in the mouth, irritation of mucous membranes, numbness of the tongue, lips, chin, sometimes (in the form of a triangle);headaches, dizziness.The feeling of heat in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting, urge to defecate.Aversion to smoking.Chest tightness, shortness of breath.Increased blood pressure.Weakness.Upon termination of the poison admission these phenomena are rapidly.
II stage of "breathlessness» - painful shortness of breath, breathing rhythm, pain in the heart, slowing heart rate, pupil dilation, exophthalmos, a sense of fear.
III stage of "convulsive» - increasing sense of longing, loss of consciousness, convulsions, lockjaw, tongue bite.
IV stage of "paralysis" or "asfiksicheskaya» - complete sensory loss, areflexia, involuntary urination and defecation.Breathing rare, superficial, irregular heartbeat, drop in blood pressure, paralysis of the respiratory center, death.Often such toxicity symptoms develop rapidly that step are laminated to each other, and they can not be clearly separated.
Halogen hydrocyanic acid has a strong irritant effect, until the development of toxic pulmonary edema.
Consequences of acute intoxication Cyanide: an opportunity to express persistent vegetative disorders, diffuse or focal lesions of the central nervous system - Parkinson's disease, cerebellar syndrome, hemiplegia, circulatory disorders.
Early signs include headaches, dizziness, weakness, memory loss, insomnia, pain in the heart, shortness of breath, dry throat, dyspeptic symptoms, enhanced sweating, frequent urination, decreased sexual ability.
in the blood - high levels of hemoglobin and red blood cells, reticulocytosis, leukocytosis with stab shift;weight loss, hypoglycemia, decreased basal metabolism.Intolerance to alcohol.Catarrhal symptoms of the upper respiratory tract;albuminuria.
There are several forms of chronic poisoning:
- with a primary lesion of the nervous system - neurotic, asthenic syndrome or vegetoastenichesky, vegetative-vascular dystonia, in more severe cases - mental disorders, substance-induced psychosis, Parkinson's syndrome, local micro;
- mainly affecting the cardiovascular system and respiratory system - expansion of borders of heart, deafness tones, hypotension, pulmonary emphysema;
- with a primary lesion of the digest
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THE CL-84 DYNAVERT :
By Jean-François "Excalibur" Laissus
Last November, Bell Helicopter Textron and Boeing announced the Bell Boeing 609 Program. This new civil aircraft, which first flight is
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THE CL-84 DYNAVERT :
By Jean-François "Excalibur" Laissus
Last November, Bell Helicopter Textron and Boeing announced the Bell Boeing 609 Program. This new civil aircraft, which first flight is scheduled for July 1999, will be based upon the V-22 Osprey military tilt-rotor technology, produced by the same partnership. Is the future looking bright for tilt-rotor aircrafts in a context of congested air transport system and continuing demand growth? Will we see the development of new vertiports right in the heart of cities all over the world? Are the tilt-rotors the wave of the future? Some Canadians asked the very same questions nearly thirty years ago... and came with an interesting answer : the CL84 Dynavert, a very unique tilt-wing aircraft.
In the 1960s, a Canadian company, Canadair, developed an aircraft that could hover like a helicopter, or fly like a conventional aircraft with short take-off and landing (STOL) capability. Although the aircraft never went into commercial production, Canadair pushed the envelope in vertical and short take-off and landing (V/STOL) technology when the company designed the CL-84 Dynavert.
Aircraft that could transition from vertical to high-speed level flight first appeared in the 1950s, employing various aerodynamic principles, but the tilt-wing CL-84 was the most advanced of the so-called convertiplanes. Its innovative engineering was reflected in the flight control system. This system allowed the pilot to use the stick and rudder pedals in the conventional manner to manoeuvre the aircraft, without having to learn a whole new flying technique, whether flying horizontally with the wings locked down, or vertically with the wings rotated up, or in-between (transitional flight mode). A unique control mixing box linked the ailerons, elevators, rudder and angle of the propeller blades, coordinating their movements and relationship to each other (control sharing), depending on the position of the wing.
This flight control system, though possibly a designer's nightmare, simplified things for the pilot. A control mixing box was designed so that the pilot could fly the CL-84 like a conventional aircraft, without having to worry about the wing's position. The mixing box did the thinking for the pilot.
Karlis Irbitis, a mechanical genius, used cardboard and plastic to design the conceptual models upon which he based the design of the cams and levers for the control mixing box. The mixing box made the tilt-wing approach to V/STOL flight possible by using the Switch-Tilt-Trade-Share concept, also called control mixing and sharing. Lets try to explain this great technological advancement :
When the pilot pushed the wing tilt lever left (wing in horizontal or conventional position) and moved the control stick lever left or right, the ailerons moved. As in a conventional aircraft, movement of the control stick in this manner affected only the ailerons, causing the aircraft to roll. When the pilot pushed the wing tilt lever right (wing in vertical position) and moved the rudder pedal lever left or right (which usually moves the rudder), the ailerons moved fully. When he moved the control stick lever (which earlier moved the ailerons), this had no effect on the aileron movement. The controls had traded their functions, and the ailerons acted then as a rudder, causing the aircraft to yaw.
Now if the pilot pushed the wing tilt lever to halfway up, moved the rudder pedal lever and then moved the control stick lever, both ailerons moved partially. The control of the flaps/ailerons were being shared by the control stick and the rudder pedals, causing the aircraft to partially roll and partially yaw.
Construction of the original prototype began in 1963 and was completed a year later. Hovering flight (1965) and flight in transitional mode (1966) were tested before the prototype was lost in a flying accident. The government ordered three updated CL-84s for military evaluation in 1968, designated the CL-84-1. They were fitted with mini-gun pods near the fuselage. From 1972 to 1974, this version was demonstrated and evaluated in the United States aboard the aircraft carriers USS Guam and USS Guadalcanal, and at various other centres. These trials involved military pilots from the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. Unfortunately, the first CL-84-1 was lost in a training accident during the trials, when a propeller gearbox failed, but the pilots ejected safely.
Despite the aircraft being at the leading edge of technological
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Saint Martin/Sint Maarten
Saint Martin (French: Saint-Martin; Dutch: Sint Maarten) is an island in the northeast Caribbean, approximately 300 km east of Puerto Rico. The 87-square-kilometre island
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Saint Martin/Sint Maarten
Saint Martin (French: Saint-Martin; Dutch: Sint Maarten) is an island in the northeast Caribbean, approximately 300 km east of Puerto Rico. The 87-square-kilometre island is divided between France and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the two parts are roughly equal in population. It is the smallest inhabited sea island divided between two nations. The division dates to 1648. The southern Dutch part comprises Sint Maarten and is one of four constituent countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The northern French part is an overseas collectivity of France.
So two DXCC's!
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Coral Triangle clownfish figured out how to share
Usually, several individual clownfish of the same species occupy a single anemone — a large and dominant female, an adult male, and several subordinates. But the who gets to live
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Coral Triangle clownfish figured out how to share
Usually, several individual clownfish of the same species occupy a single anemone — a large and dominant female, an adult male, and several subordinates. But the who gets to live where competition between 28 species of clownfish and 10 species of anemone could get quite competitive. But in the Coral Triangle of Southeast Asia clownfish have figured out how to share and anemones are often home to multiple clownfish species living together peacefully.
From 2005 to 2014 researchers from University of Technology Sydney gathered data on clownfish and their anemone homes from locations with more than one species of clownfish residents. In 981 underwater survey transects, they encountered 1,508 clownfish, 377 of which lived in groups consisting of two or more fish species in a single anemone. Most of those cohabiting clownfish could be found in the waters of the Coral Triangle
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Voyager 1, our farthest spacecraft, is 19,000,000,000km from Earth.
This is due to Newton's first law of motion: An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in
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Voyager 1, our farthest spacecraft, is 19,000,000,000km from Earth.
This is due to Newton's first law of motion: An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
A force has both magnitude and direction, therefore force is a vector quantity.
The space shuttle's main engines generate 37 million horsepower. The exhaust is primarily water vapor as the hydrogen and oxygen combine.
The unit for moment is Newton-metre (Nm).
Moment = force x perpendicular distance between force and pivot point (M = F x d).
M = Moment. F = Weight. d - perpendicular distance.
Air resistance is the frictional force of the air. Wind tunnels are used to test and refine aerodynamics to reduce this force.
Hooke's law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance X is proportional to that distance.
That is: F = -kX, where k is a constant factor (the stiffness of the spring).
Illustration via Wikipedia
F (basketball weight) = 0.6kg x 9.81m/S² (gravity) = 5.886 N
d (distance) = 3m
W = 5.886 N x 3 m
W = 17.658 J
Aspen Photo / Shutterstock.com
When the ball hits the ground it begins to deform elastically and, in so doing, the kinetic energy is progressively converted into elastic strain energy, which is stored inside the ball. This elastic energy is due to the re-arrangement of molecules in the ball – like many springs being compressed.
When the kinetic energy has been completely converted into strain energy, it begins converting back into kinetic energy, “pushing” the ball back up.
AP level. If you're looking for a basic (high school) understanding, you can skip this.
Tides are the daily rise and fall of the oceans. The moon’s gravity pulls on the oceans creating a “bulge” called “high tide.”
Illustration by Blue Ring Media / Shutterstock
Earth is a giant (but weak) magnet. Earth’s magnetic field is just strong enough to pull a magnetic needle in a compass toward the North Pole.
The hairs have the same charge, so they repel each other, standing up to get as far away as possible. That's how static electricity causes a bad hair day!
Air pressure is the force exerted on you by the weight of the air. Since there's a lot of "empty" space between air molecules, air can be compressed to fit in a smaller volume.
When it's compressed, air is said to be "under high pressure". Air at sea level is what we're used to, in fact, we're so used to it that we forget we're actually feeling air pressure all the time!
Text via NASA
Air pressure above sea level can be calculated as
p = 101325 x (1 - 0.0000225577 x h)^5.25588
p = air pressure (Pa)
h = altitude above sea level (m)
A storm in the making. On the final landing approach to Kiev airport, a strange effect of different pressures creates a giant snow wave.
The deeper down an object is in a liquid, the greater the forces forces on it (from the liquid). Denser liquids apply more force. Therefore both the depth and liquid density will affect the upthrust on an object.
When you swim down underwater, the high-density water all around you presses in from all sides. This means that if you were to try to breathe through a hose from the surface of the water, your lungs would need to push all that water weight outwards to make room for the air. This is impossible and that is where scuba comes in.
When you breathe from a scuba tank, you breathe air at the same pressure as the surrounding water. This means that, although the water presses in on you, the air you breathe
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How using the Socratic Method improves collaboration
How often do you hear someone say “collaboration” in the office? It’s a corporate buzzword. But there’s a reason why it’s popular. Teams need to work together to shape
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How using the Socratic Method improves collaboration
How often do you hear someone say “collaboration” in the office? It’s a corporate buzzword. But there’s a reason why it’s popular. Teams need to work together to shape ideas and solve problems. That’s why it’s no surprise that managers want new ways to collaborate. But we shouldn’t forget about old techniques that have been proven to be effective. Using the Socratic Method with your team improves collaboration.
Though many of us learn about it in introductory philosophy courses, we fail to apply the concept in our workplaces. Named after his teacher, Athenian philosopher Plato was the first to write about the Socratic Method. He illustrated it in his Socratic dialogues. These texts depict Socrates challenging people’s beliefs, leading them to form truthful, sophisticated opinions.
Today, the Socratic Method has a variety of collaborative purposes. You can use it in meetings, brainstorming sessions and any other form of workplace communication. Give it a shot when your team is trying to come up with new ideas, products and strategies.
How to use the Socratic Method
Simply put, the Socratic Method’s goal is to promote critical thinking to reach new ideas and, above all, realize truths. This happens as one person challenges another’s opinion because he thinks it’s false. The challenger guides a discussion, often built on specific questions, that encourages the other person to recount facts or beliefs that counter his original opinion. As a result, the person who held the original opinion realizes it’s false. Ideally, the two people then reach a new consensus based on facts.
You’re probably wondering how to start using the Socratic Method. Let’s say you work in marketing. A team member wants to target a certain audience, but you don’t think it’s a good idea. The first step is to understand his reasoning. Ask him why appealing to that market is beneficial or necessary. You may even realize that he’s right and you agree with him, avoiding conflict all together.
If you don’t, the second step is to sum up his argument. You might say, “You think it’s beneficial because our competitors don’t cater to market X.” Then, make him reconsider by asking a question that challenges his reasoning. You could ask why he points to market X instead of the similar, yet more attractive, market Y.
The third step, again, is to briefly sum up his response to your question. Then, ask a question that will lead him to support your point. You could ask, “But don’t you think market Y is a better option for its revenue potential?” You’ll have to repeat this step as needed. The fourth, and final, step is to acknowledge that he supports your idea after answering questions that make him reconsider his position.
Using the Socratic Method in these four steps makes communicating about debatable issues with your team much easier. This impacts the quality and results of collaboration for a few reasons.
Using the Socratic Method benefits the person you’re trying to persuade
Using the Socratic Method is clearly in your best interest. After all, its purpose is to make someone see your point of view. But it also helps the person you persuade. This is true for two reasons. First, it makes the person think critically about their opinion to defend it. A study by American psychologist Diane Halpern shows that critical thinking exercises your abilities to solve problems, connect data, calculate probabilities and make decisions. These skills lead to the successful creation of strategies, products and services, which can lead to a successful career. In other words, it helps your team members develop essential skills.
Second, it allows someone to reach their own conclusion. This is more beneficial than bluntly telling someone what they should think. Clearly, people are driven to see an idea through if they understand – and support – the logic behind it. Plus, a study by economics researchers shows that reaching conclusions by yourself makes you perform better. Though blindly agreeing with ot
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Sunday, April 7, 2013
Raising Funny Kids 24: The Magical Realm of Learning
Our learning environment should not be limited to a classroom with four walls, where our days are spent stuffing as much information into our brains
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Sunday, April 7, 2013
Raising Funny Kids 24: The Magical Realm of Learning
Our learning environment should not be limited to a classroom with four walls, where our days are spent stuffing as much information into our brains as possible, only to base our entire academic success on our ability to regurgitate it back up on a bubble test. This type of assembly line education might have helped to stabilize the population boom during post-industrial era, but it is outdated in a world where knowledge is widely accessible and technology is advancing exponentially.
In the neuroscience community, a deeper understanding of brain-compatible teaching strategies have emerged that can increase authentic, long-term learning, yet teachers are still following formulas in pursuit of higher test scores. These test scores do not measure intelligence nor are they in alignment with our present technological and global trajectories toward cooperative learning.
The only way that diverse learning styles and intelligences can be respected is to allow for a competency-based curricula.
Academic success has never been commensurate with an individual's level of intelligence, which, according to Howard Gardner, is made up of distinct learning proficiencies that can work individually or together.
To better serve the changing learning dynamics of our global population, we need to step out of the more traditional verbal-linguistic comfort zones of direct lectures and include more visual-spatial and bodily-kinesthetic instruction, as well as holistic learning principles that are geared toward developing multiple intelligences rather than stifling them in outdated, unimaginative, highly pedantic concerns for book learning and formal rules.
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by Staff Writers
Guildford, UK (SPX) Mar 09, 2014
Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd and the Surrey Space Centre are celebrating a remarkable thirty years of in-orbit operations from one of its earliest satellites,
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by Staff Writers
Guildford, UK (SPX) Mar 09, 2014
Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd and the Surrey Space Centre are celebrating a remarkable thirty years of in-orbit operations from one of its earliest satellites, UoSAT-2, which was launched on a Delta rocket on 1st March 1984 from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in the USA.
UoSAT-2, the second satellite in a long history of 41 missions launched by SSTL to date, has always held a special significance and has remained a constant in the company's evolution from University spin-off to world-leading small satellite manufacturer.
Today, UoSAT-2 still transmits its VHF telemetry on a regular 11-day cycle and the on-board real-time clock still tells the time - although running somewhat late! The satellite's batteries are exhausted after some 160,000 charge cycles, and transmissions are now detectable only when it is in sunlight, but the telemetry continues to be tracked by amateur radio satellite enthusiasts (AMSAT) worldwide - using the predictable transmissions to help calibrate their equipment.
Following the successful first microsatellite launch of UoSAT-1 from the Surrey team in 1981, NASA again offered a second launch opportunity - but with only 6 months warning! Rising to the challenge and literally working day-and-night, the Surrey team comprising about a dozen researchers and AMSAT members designed and built the 70kg UoSAT-2 microsatellite just in time for the launch as a 'piggyback' passenger with NASA's LANDSAT-5.
Incorporating many of the lessons learned from their first satellite, UoSAT-2 carried some novel experiments - a "Digitalker" speech synthesiser, specifically designed for school demonstrations of satellite telemetry and orbital physics, alongsideexperiments including magnetometers, an early CCD camera, a Geiger tube and a sensitive microphone to detect micro-meteoroid impacts.
In the days before GPS, UoSAT-2 provided a novel communication system for the 1988 Canadian-Soviet Ski-trek arctic expedition, a group of intrepid explorers from Canada and the USSR who crossed the Arctic Ocean from Siberia to Ward Hunt Island, just off Canada, via the North Pole between March and June 1988.
The position of the skiers' emergency beacon was calculated daily by US and Soviet COSPAS-SARSAT ground stations, relayed to the Surrey Mission Control ground station by telex, and uploaded to the UoSAT-2 Digitalker which then'spoke' the latitude and longitude of the ski party via its VHF beacon.
In a sun-synchronous, 650km low Earth orbit, UoSAT-2 flew over the pole every 98 minutes at which point the group could receive the broadcast from the satellite using their small handheld VHF radios that were designed to work at very low temperatures. There's more about the Ski-trek expedition, and a recording of the Digitalker, on the expedition home page here
UoSAT-2 was one of the first satellites to prove that commercial grade microprocessors and memory chips, which had only just become readily available, mass produced and cheaper in the early 80s as part of the microcomputer revolution, could be used to build small, cost-effective yet capable satellites.
SSTL proved the concept was viable and has gone on to build a highly successful business, with over 500M pounds of export orders currently going through its technical facility in the UK - including the 22 satellite navigation payloads for Europe's Galileo system.
Today, UoSAT-2 is the longest-serving of 13 satellites that SSTL and the Surrey Space Centre track from groundstations in Guildford, UK.
UoSAT-2 (known as Oscar-11
Microsat News and Nanosat News at SpaceMart.com
|The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2014 - Space Media Network. All websites are published in Australia and are solely subject to Australian law and governed by Fair Use principals for news reporting and research purposes. AFP, UPI and IANS news wire stories are copyright Agence France-Presse, United Press International and Indo-Asia News Service. ESA news reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. Advertising does not imply endorsement, agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by Space Media Network on any Web page published or hosted by Space Media Network. Privacy Statement All images and articles appearing on Space Media Network have been edited or digitally altered in some way. Any requests to remove copyright material will be acted upon in a timely and appropriate manner. Any attempt to extort money from Space Media Network will be ignored and reported to Australian Law Enforcement Agencies as a potential case of financial fraud involving the use of a telephonic carriage device or postal service.|
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by Staff Writers
London, UK (SPX) Apr 24, 2012
The Andean Amazon is becoming a major frontier for new hydroelectric dams, but an analysis of the potential impacts of these planned projects suggests that there may
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by Staff Writers
London, UK (SPX) Apr 24, 2012
The Andean Amazon is becoming a major frontier for new hydroelectric dams, but an analysis of the potential impacts of these planned projects suggests that there may be serious ecological concerns to take into account. The full report is published in the open access journal PloS ONE.
The study, led by Matt Finer of the Center for Intenrational Environmental Law in Washington, D.C., analyzes the full portfolio of 150 planned dams across all six major river basins connecting the Andes to the Amazon, a geographic scope spanning Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
These projects represent a potential 300% increase over the number of existing dams in the region. Over half would be large dams over 100 megawatts, and 40% are already in advanced planning stages.
Most notably, 60% of the dams would cause the first major break in river connectivity between protected Andean headwaters and the lowland Amazon, threatening the current free-flowing nature of many Andean-Amazon rivers.
"These results are quite troubling given the critical link between the Andes Mountains and the Amazonian floodplain," Finer said.
"There appears to be no strategic planning regarding possible consequences to the disruption of an ecological connection that has existed for millions of years."
The Andes supply the vast majority of the sediment, nutrients, and organic matter to the Amazon floodplain, one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. In addition, many important Amazonian fish species spawn only in Andean-fed rivers, including a number of long-distance migrants that must travel from the lowlands to the foothills.
The authors also found that more than 80% of proposed dams would contribute to forest loss due to new roads, transmission lines, or inundation. Including the potential new road and transmission line infrastructure needed for dams provides a much broader assessment of the full ecological impacts of proposed dams and their secondary effects.
In combining the river connectivity and infrastructure analysis, the authors produced an overall ecological impact score for each proposed dam. Nearly half were classified as high impact, while just 19% as low impact.
"We conclude that there is an urgent need for strategic basin scale evaluation of new dams and a plan to maintain Andes-Amazon connectivity," said study co-author Dr. Clinton Jenkins of North Carolina State University.
"We also call for a reconsideration of the notion that hydropower is a widespread low-impact energy source in the Neotropics."
Finer M, Jenkins CN (2012) Proliferation of Hydroelectric Dams in the Andean Amazon and Implications for Andes-Amazon Connectivity. PLoS ONE 7(4): e35126. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035126
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7,000 workers strike at Brazil's Amazon dam project
Brasilia, Brazil (AFP) April 23, 2012
Some 7,000 workers at a contested dam in Brazil's Amazon region went on strike Monday demanding better working conditions, the consortium in charge of the project said. The Belo Monte consortium said many workers joined the strike because labor unions erected barricades on the road leading to the site, located near the town of Altamira on the Xingu River in the northern Brazilian state of Pa... read more
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Environmental Health - Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
The amount of organic material stored on an aquifer's sediments can slow down natural processes that are often relied upon to restore groundwater quality in a wastewater-contaminated aquifer. U.S.
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Environmental Health - Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
The amount of organic material stored on an aquifer's sediments can slow down natural processes that are often relied upon to restore groundwater quality in a wastewater-contaminated aquifer. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists report in Chemical Geology that analysis of sediment cores is critical to obtaining reliable predictions of the rate of restoration. These predictions are often the basis for decisions about the use of monitored natural attenuation at contaminated sites.
This conclusion is supported by data from detailed sampling of water and sediment at a facility on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where treated municipal wastewater was disposed to the ground for 60 years. In the 15 years since disposal was stopped, dissolved oxygen has not returned to pristine levels near the disposal site, even though conservative tracers of the wastewater such as chloride and boron have been flushed from the area. Laboratory measurements of oxygen demand and organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations were made on sediment cores collected from the disposal site and used in computer models of the restoration process. The results indicate that the return of dissolved oxygen to the aquifer, even near the disposal site, could take decades depending on the amount of biodegradable organic compounds from the past disposal that remain stored on the sediments.
The return of dissolved oxygen to the aquifer affects the fate and transport of many contaminants, such as nitrate, ammonium, dissolved iron, and some toxic metals, which are often present at sites contaminated by mixed wastes (for example, landfill leachate and wastewater). These sites include the several million septic systems in the United States. Reliable predictions of cleanup rates hinge on predictions of re-oxygenation, which in turn depend greatly on an accurate characterization of the adsorbed organic carbon and nitrogen compounds that are stored on the aquifer's sediment surfaces in the contaminated zone.
Smith, R.L., Repert, D.A., Barber, L.B., and LeBlanc, D.R., 2013, Long-term groundwater contamination after source removal--The role of sorbed carbon and nitrogen on the rate of reoxygenation of a treated-wastewater plume on Cape Cod, MA, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 337-338, p. 38-47, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.007.
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Numerous individuals deemed witches subsisted but didn’t deem the more ridiculous stories on them. Additionally, majority of people became cynical on cases where witches were expected to have utilized magic to murder people. Wright (2005) argues that people increasingly recognized
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Numerous individuals deemed witches subsisted but didn’t deem the more ridiculous stories on them. Additionally, majority of people became cynical on cases where witches were expected to have utilized magic to murder people. Wright (2005) argues that people increasingly recognized that deaths may occur as a result of natural causes. People didn’t essentially stop believing in witchcraft and witches, but they became increasingly careful on accepting witchcraft evidence after they realised that several mishap and maladies have natural causes. Ultimately nevertheless educated individuals stopped believing in magic and witches and during 18th century it became stylish to consider witchcraft as a mere supstition.
Witch craze in France started as early as 1275 which a witch inquisition was made. This inquisition resulted to several people being killed as a result of being accused as witches. The individuals thought to be witches were hunted by swimming based on the ancient torment of water. The victims were also tortures so that they could confess that they were witches and also offer information about their accomplices.
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ASK A QUESTION Distinguishing gender with common gender nouns
How do you distinguish gender with common gender nouns? I thought that it was with the article, but in lesson 3.15, the picture shows a male security guard and the caption
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ASK A QUESTION Distinguishing gender with common gender nouns
How do you distinguish gender with common gender nouns? I thought that it was with the article, but in lesson 3.15, the picture shows a male security guard and the caption is "la guarda jurado." Would it be correct for a male: "el guarda jurado", and a female: "la guarda jurada"?
What is a common gender noun? Is that any noun that can take either el or la....like el radio and la radio, el cometa, la cometa. Here sex doesn't even enter into the picture.
Did you mean a common sex noun? One that can be used for either sex?
Thanks for the quick responses!
My Spanish/English dictionary calls noun forms that do not change with sex/gender "common" in the legend where "mf" is used. Example: El/la cobaya. Male/female quinea pig. El/la dentista.
I am confused about the vocabulary lesson in 3.15. The picture shows a male security guard. The caption is "La guarda jurado."
I was wondering if this is correct. Do you use el/la to denote whether the "guarda" is male or female? Does jurado change to jurada like a normal adjective, as well.
Male: El guarda jurado, los guardos jurados Female: La guarda jurado, las guardas juradas.
Is it always "La guarda," and you denote the sex/gender with either jurado or jurada? La guarda jurado, la guarda jurada?
com. Persona que tiene a su cargo el cuidado de algo:
el guarda de la finca.
The gender of a noun is not determined by the adjective modifying it. It is the adjective that shows concordance with the gender of the noun.
el guarda jurado (male security gurard) o la guarda jurada (female security guard)
if you want a more interesting example try policía
la policía=policewoman or the police in general
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The 'Big Boy' was the name universally applied to Union Pacific's twenty-five 4000 class 4-8-8-4 steam locomotives built between 1941 and 1944 by Alco.
They're often proclaimed
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The 'Big Boy' was the name universally applied to Union Pacific's twenty-five 4000 class 4-8-8-4 steam locomotives built between 1941 and 1944 by Alco.
They're often proclaimed as the largest steam locomotives ever built, but that title is quite controversial - there were heavier locomotives, and possibly more powerful locomotives. However, without tender, the Big Boy's locomotive body was the longest of all of them and fully loaded with water and fuel the Big Boy was the heaviest of all of them, even though the locomotive without tender was lighter than some. However, the Big Boy is in the running in every category, and it certainly could be said to be the most successful of the giant locomotiv
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(Beyond Pesticides, March 9, 2011) A recent study reports that the underlying cause of a fatal outbreak of P. aeruginosa in a hospital came from the contamination of triclosan soap dispensers, which
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(Beyond Pesticides, March 9, 2011) A recent study reports that the underlying cause of a fatal outbreak of P. aeruginosa in a hospital came from the contamination of triclosan soap dispensers, which acted as a continuous source of the bacterium. The contaminated triclosan soap infected the hands of health care workers and then patients, since triclosan is shown to have no effect on P. aeruginosa -a bacterium frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections. Authors of the study recommend alcohol-based sanitizers where appropriate, instead of triclosan soaps.
The study, “Molecular Epidemiology of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hospital Outbreak Driven by a contaminated Disinfectant-Soap Dispenser,” published online in PLoS One, investigates a fatal epidemic of P. aeruginosa that occurred in a hematology unit in Italy. The researchers found that patients became indirectly infected (e.g., during central venous catheter handling through contaminated items) and the triclosan soap dispenser acted as a common continuous source of P. aeruginosa infection. Since P. aeruginosa is intrinsically not susceptible to triclosan, the use of triclosan-based disinfectant formulations should be avoided in those health care settings hosting patients at high risk of P. aeruginosa infection, the authors conclude. Immunocompromised patients, especially chemotherapy patients, are especially at risk.
Soap dispensers in the nurses’ station and outpatient and inpatient areas were found to be contaminated. In the hospital studied. One soap dispenser was “heavily contaminated” with P. aeruginosa. Nurses washing their hands with the contaminated soap facilitated the spreading of the bacteria. P. aeruginosa that is known to be capable of causing high morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients and is frequently associated with hospital acquired infections. How the soap dispenser became contaminated is uncertain, but the researchers hypothesize that contamination may have occurred while the dispersers were being refilled. This was compounded by the suboptimal bactericidal activity of triclosan against P. aeruginosa.
Triclosan’s efficacy has been called into question numerous times, even though triclosan is marketed as a germ-killing substance. A systematic review of research assessing the risks and potential benefits associated with the use of soaps containing triclosan finds that data do not show the effectiveness of triclosan for reducing infectious disease symptoms or bacterial counts on the hands when used at the concentrations commonly found in antibacterial products. There is also evidence that the widespread use of antibacterial compounds, such as triclosan and triclosan-containing products, promote the emergence of bacterial resistant to antibiotic medications and antibacterial c
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This activity is closed to further registration.
Learning to draw can be fun, especially when we create silly characters, funny expressions and drawing sequences that tell a joke! This delightful program combines Young Rembrandts? innovative, step-by-step drawing method with
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This activity is closed to further registration.
Learning to draw can be fun, especially when we create silly characters, funny expressions and drawing sequences that tell a joke! This delightful program combines Young Rembrandts? innovative, step-by-step drawing method with light-hearted subject matter that engages children, their sense of humor, and their vivid imaginations.
OCC Studio Classroom at Olathe Community Center
City of Olathe
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Air plants (Tillandsia spp.) are epiphytic bromeliads that obtain their nutrients from the moist, humid air of tropical rainforests in South and Central America. These non-parasitic plants attach themselves to a host tree
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Air plants (Tillandsia spp.) are epiphytic bromeliads that obtain their nutrients from the moist, humid air of tropical rainforests in South and Central America. These non-parasitic plants attach themselves to a host tree or even a rock, trapping the moisture in the air with the hundreds of tiny scales that coat their distinctive foliage. Most home gardeners enjoy mounting their tillandsia in a visually appealing way, often on a large piece of driftwood or bark, but these plants can also be simply placed on a rock or in an empty basket--just don't plant them in soil.
Choose the mounting object. A piece of wood that has a somewhat smooth area, a seashell, or cork bark are all popular mounting items, according to information published by the Bromeliad Society International. Make sure the object does not have any rotting parts or symptoms of fungi.
Consider the plant's size. The plant needs room enough grow large enough but still be supported by the mounting object. Leave space around the plant to add to the visual appeal of the display.
Look at the air plant's roots. If there is a root ball, wrap it in soft sphagnum moss, trapping the moss between the plant and the mounting object when you go to mount it. If not, you can skip this step.
Mount the plant to the object. The key is to make sure the plant is very secure, even though it is light, otherwise the roots will not firmly attach. You can use nylon string and wrap it around the plant and the object (remove it when the roots are firm), large staples from a staple gun, or you can drill holes into the object and thread plastic-coated wire through the holes and to the plant. The latter option is best for larger plants. Very small air plants can be mounted with dabs of super glue or Velcro tape.
Hang up the mounting object with nails or string, or lay it on a flat surface. Be sure to place the air plant in a location where it will receive plenty of
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“Song” By Edmund Waller Essay, Research Paper
For many centuries, young men have been telling their sweethearts about ephemeral youth and passion which, like a candle, burns brightly but dies out slowly but surely. Edmund Waller
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“Song” By Edmund Waller Essay, Research Paper
For many centuries, young men have been telling their sweethearts about ephemeral youth and passion which, like a candle, burns brightly but dies out slowly but surely. Edmund Waller’s persona in the poem “Song” is such a young man. He sends a rose to his beloved to “Tell her that [she] wastes her time and [him] (2) by acting shy and staying out of sight. This young lover is trying to tell his paramour that their time is too short for such petty things. He is telling her to forget society and let her feelings lead the way. The speaker of this poem wants his mistress to understand this eagerness of his, and drop everything and come running to enjoy their momentary love.
In the first stanza, the young lover is commanding a rose to go and deliver a message of the urgency of his love to his sweetheart. He commands the rose to tell her that she is wasting their precious youth by acting ignorant when she knows that he admires her. He “resembles her to [the rose]” (4), and discovers “How sweet and fair she seems to be” (5). He uses the rose as a symbol of her beauty. He compares her to the rose because roses are beautiful things that last only for a certain time. By this comparison, he wants her to see the evanescence of anything beautiful. This young lover wants his mistress to see her beauty and youth in a new way. He wants her to stop wasting time and give in to the beckoning call of love.
In the second stanza, the speaker is commanding the rose to tell his paramour to throw off her robe of modesty and show off her beauty while she can. He understands that she is young “And shuns to have her graces spied” (7), but he wants the world to see her beauty and admire her for it. He wants to walk into a room with his beautiful mistress and see the men fighting for a glance at her and the women envying from afar. He wants poems written about her beauty and ballads sung about her virtue. Thus, he sends the lovely rose. He sends her the rose so she can admire its beauty, and, by doing so, she will be admiring herself. He commands the rose to tell her that if it had “sprung / In deserts, where no men abide” (8-9), then the rose “must have uncommended died” (10). By asking the rose to tell her this, the speaker is illustrating that hidden beauty such as hers needs to be praised. Otherwise, the loveliness will fade without fulfilling its purpose: in life to be admired and praised. The young lover is showing her how cruel she is for trying to hide her beauty. He wants her to see that just as she gets pleasure from admiring the rose, he gets pleasure from admiring her. So he sends her the lovely rose as a reminder of her beauty.
The speaker, in the third stanza, is commanding the rose to go “Bid her come forth” (13) and be the object of his admiration. He wants her to know that there is no worth in hidden beauty. What one cannot see, one cannot appreciate seems to be his philosophy. He sends her the rose so she will see its beauty and its proud petals standing upright in the spotlight of her admiration. In seeing the glorious rose basking in praise, she may want to feel as proud and noble herself. He wants her to come into the light and subject “herself to be desired” (14). The young lover knows that his love is shy and modest, but he also knows that she must endure his appreciation in order for their love to progress. He wants her to be proud of the admiration and “not blush so to be admired” (15). He wants her to be like the rose, standing proud and boastful, waiting to be admired.
In the last stanza of the poem, the speaker commands the rose to die so that his beloved may see the ephemerality of all things “That are so wondrous sweet and fair” (20). He is not only talking about the rose as sweet and fair, but also of his love. The speaker wants his sweetheart to see herself in the lovely rose. He wants her to see the “common fate of all things rare” (17) in the death of the rose. He is not just talking about the death of the rose but of anything beautiful, including her. By saying that the fate of all things rare is death, he is implying that her beauty is not everlasting. He is saying that if she waits any longer, her beauty that he admires may not be there for him
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Barge (Keelboat) Flag
Detail from Clark's Diagram
Clark included a naval pennant, or ensign, in his sketch of the barge (keelboat). The figure outlined by the stars in the canton is
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Barge (Keelboat) Flag
Detail from Clark's Diagram
Clark included a naval pennant, or ensign, in his sketch of the barge (keelboat). The figure outlined by the stars in the canton is uncertain.
In 1801 Ann Hoskin, a seamstress in Philadelphia, made an ensign for the United States Military Department with a hoist of 9 inches and a fly of 6 feet.1
The expedition was mostly water-born; its commanders consistently referred to their journey as a voyage. Upon their departure from Fort Mandan on April 7, 1805, Lewis proudly referred to their six dugout canoes and two pirogues as "this little fleet." Historically, a senior officer in command of a detached corps or squadron
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Astronomers have apparently discovered the first of a class of strange hybrid stars, confirming theoretical predictions made four decades ago.
In 1975, physicist Kip Thorne and astronomer Anna Zytkow proposed the existence of odd objects that
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Astronomers have apparently discovered the first of a class of strange hybrid stars, confirming theoretical predictions made four decades ago.
In 1975, physicist Kip Thorne and astronomer Anna Zytkow proposed the existence of odd objects that are hybrids between red supergiants and neutron stars — the collapsed, superdense remnants of supernova explosions.
These so-called Thorne-Zytkow objects (TZOs) likely form when a red supergiant gobbles up a nearby neutron star, which sinks down into the giant's core, researchers said. TZOs look like ordinary red supergiants, like the famed star Betelgeuse in the constellation Orion, but differ in their chemical fingerprints, the theory goes. [Top 10 Star Mysteries]
"Studying these objects is exciting because it represents a completely new model of how stellar interiors can work," study leader Emily Levesque, of the University of Colorado Boulder, said in a statement.
"In these interiors we also have a new way of producing heavy elements in our universe," she added. "You've heard that everything is made of'star stuff' — inside these stars we might now have a new way to make some of it."
And now Levesque and her team say they have probably found the first TZO — a star called HV 2112 in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf galaxy that lies about 200,000 light-years away.
The researchers used the 6.5-meter Magellan Clay telescope in Chile to study the light emitted by HV 2112. They found the starlight to be highly enriched in rubidium, lithium and molybdenum, just as theory predicts for TZOs. (Normal red supergiants produce these elements as well, but not in such abundance, scientists said.)
The new data, while suggestive, do not represent a slam-dunk discovery for TZOs quite yet, researchers said.
"We could, of course, be wrong," co-author Philip Massey, of Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, said in a statement.
"There are some minor inconsistencies between some of the details of what we found and what theory predicts," he added. "But the theoretical predictions are quite old, and there have been a lot of improvements in the theory since then. Hopefully our discovery will spur additional work on the theoretical side now."
The find means a lot to Zytkow, who is a co-author of the new study.
"I am extremely happy that observational confirmation of our theoretical prediction has started to emerge," said Zytkow, who is based at the University of Cambridge in England. "Since Kip Thorne and I proposed our models of stars with neutron cores, people were not able to disprove our work. If theory is sound, experimental confirmation shows up sooner or later. So it was a matter of identification of a promising group of stars, getting telescope time and proceeding with the project."
The study has been accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters.
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Versatility Concept Car - The Volvo Ambient Air Cleaner - a world first
Filters hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the surrounding air
Neutralises the equivalent of up to 3 cars’ exhaust emissions in pollutant urban conditions
Powered by
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Versatility Concept Car - The Volvo Ambient Air Cleaner - a world first
Filters hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the surrounding air
Neutralises the equivalent of up to 3 cars’ exhaust emissions in pollutant urban conditions
Powered by solar cells when the car is parked
Emissions from today’s modern petrol engines are in many cases cleaner than the surrounding air, particularly in polluted city centres
In the Versatility Concept Car (VCC), Volvo Car Corporation presents entirely new technology that exploits this fact by filtering the surrounding air from the presence of two environmentally hazardous substances: hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NoX). The technology is called VAAC, Volvo Ambient Air Cleaner.
Adsorbs nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons
The basis of VAAC is a container installed in the engine compartment, into which two filters are placed. While driving, the car’s ventilation-system fan sucks in air from the surroundings and directs it through the filters, which traps the nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. Thereby it also cleans the air for the passenger compartment.
When the filters are filled, they are heated to 150 degrees Celsius using the heat from the car’s own exhaust system. The nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons are now released from the filters and routed to the engine.
The hydrocarbons are combusted in the engine cylinders, while the nitrogen oxides are reduced in the car’s catalytic converter.
In order to increase the VAAC system’s efficiency, the Versatility Concept Car is equipped with a sensor that monitors when the ambient air has reached a given level of pollution. It then activates the fan in response.
This happens regardless if the car being used or not, since solar cells mounted on the roof powers the ventilation-system fan even when the car is parked. The system can thus adsorb hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides even with the car’s engine switched off.
Filled in two days
The VAAC system can operate continuously for two days during normal urban conditions before the filters are filled and despatches their contents to the engine.
"VAAC requires a well-functioning, modern petrol engine for the system to work efficiently," explains Jan Karlsson, project leader for VAAC development at Volvo Cars.
"With an engine of SULEV standard (Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle), the Versatility Concept Car neutralises the hydrocarbon emissions produced by up to three other cars, and thus helps clean up the surrounding air."
VAAC is a Volvo patent that has been developed in cooperation with
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Yes (with exception of artificial sweeteners). Sweets
(mainly sucrose) after digestion get converted to glucose in body.
Glucose is a form of sugar that enters the bloodstream. When blood glucose levels
rise after a food, the
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Yes (with exception of artificial sweeteners). Sweets
(mainly sucrose) after digestion get converted to glucose in body.
Glucose is a form of sugar that enters the bloodstream. When blood glucose levels
rise after a food, the pancreas releases insulin into the blood. Insulin plays a major role in metabolism—the way
the body uses glucose for energy.
Insulin helps muscle, fat, and liver cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream,
lowering blood glucose levels.
Prolonged consumption of sweets lead to excess release of insulin which may further
result in a condition known as insulin resistance. When people have insulin resistance, glucose builds
up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells, leading to type 2 diabetes
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Frank Lloyd Wright
A selection from the essay,
STUDIES AND EXECUTED BUILDINGS
Narrated by Alan Sklar
This file is 3.4 MB;
running time is 14 minutes
alternate download link
This audio program
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Frank Lloyd Wright
A selection from the essay,
STUDIES AND EXECUTED BUILDINGS
Narrated by Alan Sklar
This file is 3.4 MB;
running time is 14 minutes
alternate download link
This audio program is copyrighted by Redwood Audiobooks.
Permission is granted to download for personal use only;
not for distributio
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The concepts the were developed within the scope of the feasibility study provide a basis for a pilot project (2002 - 2005)
with the goal of guaranteeing the supply of water to the population during dry seasons through the application of regenerative
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The concepts the were developed within the scope of the feasibility study provide a basis for a pilot project (2002 - 2005)
with the goal of guaranteeing the supply of water to the population during dry seasons through the application of regenerative energy resources and appropriate technologies.
This approach allows an easy understanding of the technology management (operation and maintenance) and satisfying the requirements of man and nature in a harmonic way.
For the realization of the targets, an interdisciplinary approach involving the fields of hydraulic engineering,
water management, geodesy, geochemistry, material engineering as well as timber engineering are necessary.
Besides, a socio-economic study for the planned project is indispensable.
Within the scope of the study the prognosis of the impacts of an improved water supply on the structural development of the Gunung Sewu region will be provided.
Development of Gua Bribin as Laboratory
The demonstration cave scheme which could be used as a field laboratory for many experimental studies has the following variants in implementation:
and Demonstration Cave
Partial damming of the water flow system by a reinforced concrete dam with an integrated micro hydroelectric power plant.
Energy production for water supply through the construction of a weir and a pressure pipeline.
Energy production for water supply through a cascade of weir systems with open channel flow
By establishing an underground micro hydroelectric power plant with installed capacity about 250 - 300 KW,
70 l/s of water could be continuously pumped.
This would be sufficient in order to supply a population of 75.000 people with 80 l/day of drinking water. The current capacity of the water supply during the dry seasons is in some extent under 10 l/day per capita.
Development of Capacity Building
The pilot project should provide the basis for the realization of further large scale projects. In view of the basic conditions, this project must be based on scientifically, technologically, and socio-economically acceptable methods. It should also c
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Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment in Shreveport
Diabetic Retinopathy – is the leading cause of blindness among adults. Approximately, 25% of current diabetics have some form of the disease. The risk of developing diabetic ret
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Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment in Shreveport
Diabetic Retinopathy – is the leading cause of blindness among adults. Approximately, 25% of current diabetics have some form of the disease. The risk of developing diabetic retinopathy increases with the age of the diabetic person and the duration of the disease. It is estimated that 90% of diabetics may experience some for of diabetic retinopathy over the course of their life. However, only a small percentage of those developing diabetic retinopathy have serious vision problems and even a smaller percentage become blind.
Diabetic Retinopathy treatment in Shreveport can help prevent blindness and other complications associated with diabetes.
What is Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus which causes abnormalities in the tiny blood vessels nourishing the retina. These vessels weaken, leak fluid and blood, and fail to provide nutrients necessary for good health in the retina. Left untreated, diabetic retinopathy can result in severe visual loss, including blindness.
What is background Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy can take two forms, background retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. During the early stage of the disease (background retinopathy), small blood vessels in the retina leak a clear fluid (serum) into the surrounding tissue which causes swelling. Abnormal blood vessels may also hemorrhage or leak fats and proteins which form deposits. If fluid collects in the macula, diminished or blurred vision will result. However, if leakage or deposits occur in the outer edges of the retina, no symptoms may be noticed.
Sight is not usually seriously affected in cases of background retinopathy. In fact, the condition does not progress in 89% of patients. However, background retinopathy is a warning sign and can progress into the more serious stage of the disease, proliferative retinopathy.
Who is at risk for this disease?
All people with diabetes are at risk–those with Type I diabetes (juvenile onset) and those with Type II diabetes (adult onset).
During pregnancy, diabetic retinopathy may also be a problem for women with diabetes. It is recommended that all pregnant women with diabetes have dilated eye examinations each trimester to protect their vision.
What causes Diabetic Retinopathy?
The cause of diabetic retinopathy is not completely understood. However, it is known that diabetes weakens small b
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Kyrgyzstan is located in southeastern central Asia. The official languages are Kyrgyz and Russian.
About half of the population is under 25 years old. The largest ethnic groups are Kyrgyz, Uzbek and Russian.
Kyrgyzstan implemented market-based
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Kyrgyzstan is located in southeastern central Asia. The official languages are Kyrgyz and Russian.
About half of the population is under 25 years old. The largest ethnic groups are Kyrgyz, Uzbek and Russian.
Kyrgyzstan implemented market-based reforms in the 1990s.
The country's economy is centered around agriculture and migrant Kyrgyz workers living in Russia, both of which combined account for nearly 50 percent of the country's economy.
In 2011, the Kyrgyz economy grew 5.7 percent.
The World Bank projected Kyrgyzstan's growth at 10.5 percent for 2013 and 6.5 percent in 2014, according to The Soufan Group.
Approximately one-third of Kyrgyzstan's people work in the agricultural sector. Agriculture accounts for 25 percent of the economy.
The mining sector contributes more than one-fourth of tax revenues and equals about 10 percent of GDP. Half of the coun
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Celtic Music for a
"New World Paradigm" (1995)
Music has the means to offer a major contribution to the shifting paradigm of our new era.
We are in the midst of the rising popularity of Celtic influenced music,
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Celtic Music for a
"New World Paradigm" (1995)
Music has the means to offer a major contribution to the shifting paradigm of our new era.
We are in the midst of the rising popularity of Celtic influenced music, which dares to express a new unfolding of inner feeling as an antidote for our unbalanced world. This feeling is contributing to a change in emphasis in current music industry trends.
"ball got rolling" in the Sixties, it's been said that
what happened then is insignificant when compared to
the magnitude of the cultural movement which is unfolding
before our eyes in the late 1990's as we approach the
turn of the millennium.
Global communication technology is the leading facilitator. High technology has been necessary to the growth and expansion of intelligence. That's because communication multiplies the effect of cultural movements.
Peter Russell, in his book Global Brain Awakens, shows that biological evolution alone could not have given us the capacity for communication that we have available to us today.
When you think about it, you realize that from the very beginning "The New World" was populated by people who were forced by varying circumstances to immigrate. The Africans came to North America as slaves. The Celts came first to North America and then to Australia as indentured slaves and refugees from English oppression.
The well documented continuing
westward movement of the Celtic people ove
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The word intervention may conjure up all sorts of pre-conceived ideas related to US Intervention programs and dramas. The reality of an Intervention is far removed from bundling someone off to rehab in a car against their will. An Intervention is NOT about
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The word intervention may conjure up all sorts of pre-conceived ideas related to US Intervention programs and dramas. The reality of an Intervention is far removed from bundling someone off to rehab in a car against their will. An Intervention is NOT about forcing an individual into treatment against their wishes, nor is it about bullying or ganging up on the individual. An intervention is a process of fact baring and persuasion with a firm plan of treatment in place at the ready. When conducted by a professional an Intervention has an extremely high rate of success, resulting in the individual freely admitting the problem and agreeing to go to rehab immediately for professional treatment. If you are planning on conducting your own intervention, there are a number of factors that must be addressed in order for the intervention to stand any chance of success.
If you are worried for a family member, friend or loved one who is suffering from an addiction, it is important to act now. Addiction is a progressive and deadly illness that over any given period of time, only ever gets worse without the correct professional help and treatment Don’t leave it to chance that they may recover on their own, and don’t leave it until it is too late for them to make a full recovery.
- An intervention needs to be highly structured and carefully planned in order to cover all possibilities.
- There has to be a common objective with all participants singing from the same hymn sheet.
- All participants must work together and co-operate to achieve the common goal
- There has to be a set of firm boundaries with a willingness to follow through with consequences should the boundaries be broken
- You will need to have reasonable expectations around your intervention working
- An appropriate rehab treatment program will need to be secured for immediate admission the same day the intervention is conducted
- Consider how you will defuse the situation should things spiral out of control
- Consider how you will maintain a calm and not threatening environment for the duration of the intervention and also after
- Consider the timing of the intervention, is the individual likely to be heavily intoxicated or not
- Consider if the individual will take the intervention seriously if no professional is involved. What can you say that is different from what they have already heard before?
As you can see from the above examples, there are many considerations to take in to account when planning an intervention. A professional Interventionist will make all the necessary arrangements and planning for you. They will be present for the duration of the Intervention, giving
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The literature and mass media are replete with reports of healthcare industry inventions -- new diagnostic procedures, therapies, drugs, and medical devices ranging from neural-controlled prosthetic limbs that enable wounded military personnel to return to work, to remote patient monitors that collect
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The literature and mass media are replete with reports of healthcare industry inventions -- new diagnostic procedures, therapies, drugs, and medical devices ranging from neural-controlled prosthetic limbs that enable wounded military personnel to return to work, to remote patient monitors that collect and transmit data across care settings, to cancer-combatting immunotherapies.
An invention becomes an innovation when it is used to generate new value; hence, most innovations result from converting existing things to new uses. In essence, innovation is the implementation of new or significantly improved products, services, and processes in order to create more value for customers and financial returns for the organization.
Innovation can be categorized either as non-disruptive (i.e., improving something that already exists to reveal new opportunities or to solve known issues) or disruptive (i.e., something that fundamentally alters an existing system, creates a new one, and creates new value opportunities to those who successfully implement it).
The emphasis on innovation in healthcare is accelerating rapidly and promises to bring about exponential change in areas such as prevention, personalized care, and better-integrated, more comprehensive organizational designs.
Why does innovation matter to those of us in the healthcare delivery business?
As pointed out by John Haughom, MD, a driving force for the need to innovate is the transformation of our historically encounter-based model to a population-based model -- a shift that calls for disruptive system and process innovations that facilitate the exchange of information across care settings and sectors (e.g., primary care providers, specialists, hospitals, laboratories, pharmacies, long-term
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There is a $20 million prize at stake from the X Prize Foundation (an organization that incentivizes scientific advancement via financial competition, which it coins ‘prize philanthropy’). The challenge is to find ways to recycle carbon dioxide (CO2
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There is a $20 million prize at stake from the X Prize Foundation (an organization that incentivizes scientific advancement via financial competition, which it coins ‘prize philanthropy’). The challenge is to find ways to recycle carbon dioxide (CO2) - capturing it as it is emitted from smokestacks and turning it into useful products or new fuel – by 2020.
A recent New York Times article highlighted the efforts of several groups of researchers participating in this project. One of the difficulties the researchers have is figuring out how best to split CO2 molecules, which takes a significant amount of energy. One group of scientists is trying to take CO2 and water and turn them into fuel using sunlight – as plants do via photosynthesis. Other groups are working on developing synthetic crude oil with CO2 and water and a CO2 conversion device.
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- Concurrent programming constructs allow a programmer to simplify their program by using multiple (heavy-weight) threads to reflect the natural concurrency in the problem domain. Because restructuring the program in this way can provide significant benefits in understandability, relatively heavy weight constructs are
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- Concurrent programming constructs allow a programmer to simplify their program by using multiple (heavy-weight) threads to reflect the natural concurrency in the problem domain. Because restructuring the program in this way can provide significant benefits in understandability, relatively heavy weight constructs are acceptable. Performance is also not necessarily as critical, so long as it is predictable.
- Parallel programming constructs allow a programmer to divide and conquer a problem, using multiple (light-weight) threads to work in parallel on independent parts of the problem. Such restructuring does not necessarily simplify the program, and as such parallel programming constructs need to be relatively light weight, both syntactically and at run-time. If the constructs introduce too much overhead, they defeat the purpose.
ParaSail is focused on providing parallel programming constructs, but concurrent objects are useful for more traditional concurrent programming approaches, particularly when coupled with explicit use of the "||" operator. It is an interesting question whether some higher-level process-like construct might be useful.
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You may think that brushing your teeth is simple: just move your brush around on your teeth in a circular motion for a couple minutes, spit, rinse, and you’re done. However, Princeview Dental, tells their patients that properly brushing your
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You may think that brushing your teeth is simple: just move your brush around on your teeth in a circular motion for a couple minutes, spit, rinse, and you’re done. However, Princeview Dental, tells their patients that properly brushing your teeth takes a bit more effort.
The temptation may be to simply buy the most affordable toothbrush you can find, but as a family dentist, we strongly recommend against this. Buy a good quality, name-brand toothbrush with soft bristles. These toothbrushes will clean better than brushes with hard bristles and cause less irritation and wear on the enamel of your teeth.
You’ve doubtlessly been told to replace your toothbrush every three to four months. We can tell you that a toothbrush usually starts to lose its effectiveness after this time. If the bristles are starting to splay out or lose their shape, replace your toothbrush. We provide our patients with quality toothbrushes following their appointments, as well as recommend the best kinds to buy.
Use a fluoride toothpaste, as it effectively cleans plaque and strengthens enamel. We also recommend flossing before you start brushing and can show you the proper technique for flossing.
Put just a small amount of toothpaste on your toothbrush, as putting on too much can cause an excess of foam, causing you to spit too early or swallow; swallowing toothpaste can be unhealthy. When you start brushing, hold your brush at a 45-degree angle and gently brush in a circular motion for three minutes.
To effectively brush your molars, the back teeth, work the toothbrush in a gentle, in-and-out motion. As an experienced dentist in Etobicoke, we always tell our patients to pay extra attention to the inner surfaces of their teeth, since that is the part of the teeth that is most commonly neglected.
Gently brush your tongue as well; this prevents bad breath and gets rid of bacteria on the surface of your tongue. Once finished, spit the toothpaste out and rinse with warm water or mouthwash. Finally, thoroughly clean the bristles of your toothbrush with warm water.
We recommend brushing at least twice a day—once in the morning and once before you go to bed—and flossing once a day. If you follow the technique provided, you’ll maintain good oral health, meaning your appointments at Princeview Dental, a quality family dentist in Etobicoke, will be a breeze!
“How to Brush Your Teeth,” WikiHow, July 14, 2014; http://www.wikihow.com/Brush-Your-Teeth.
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You are here
October 6, 2006
Progress on Human Avian Flu Vaccine
When combined with an immune-boosting substance called an adjuvant, low doses of an experimental vaccine against a strain of avian influenza provoked
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You are here
October 6, 2006
Progress on Human Avian Flu Vaccine
When combined with an immune-boosting substance called an adjuvant, low doses of an experimental vaccine against a strain of avian influenza provoked a strong immune system response in humans. The result brings researchers one step closer to creating vaccines that can protect people from emerging avian flu viruses.
In 1999, two children in Hong Kong became infected with H9N2, a strain of avian influenza that hadn’t previously been detected in humans. People have little or no natural defenses against avian influenza viruses like H9N2 or the more deadly H5N1 because they’ve historically circulated only in birds. If one of these viruses were to acquire the ability to spread easily from person to person, it could cause a pandemic.
In 2004, NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) asked Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (formerly Chiron Corporation) to produce an experimental H9N2 vaccine. Dr. Robert L. Atmar and his colleagues at the NIAID-supported Viral Respiratory Pathogens Research Unit at Baylor College of Medicine set out to test the vaccines in a Phase I clinical trial. Phase I vaccine trials are designed to assess a vaccine’s safety and ability to stimulate the immune system.
The researchers vaccinated 48 volunteers, aged 18 to 34, with H9N2 vaccine made from inactivated virus at one of four dosages. Another 48 people received vaccines at one of the same four dosages prepared with Novartis’s MF59 adjuvant, which is designed to boost the immune system’s reaction. The volunteers were vaccinated twice, with each shot 28 days apart. To measure the immune system responses, the researchers measured the levels of antibody each person produced against the virus. Antibodies are molecules produced by the immune system to help ward off infection. In general, the higher the level of antibodies made in response to a vaccine, the more protective the vaccine will be if the person later encounters the virus
Their results were published online on September 25, 2006, in Clinical Infectious Diseases. The side effects of the vaccinations were generally mild. Antibody levels in people who received the “adjuvanted” vaccine were significantly higher than in those who received the vaccine without adjuvant. The adjuvanted vaccine raised antibody levels after a single dose to ranges the researchers suggest may be able to protect people against infection. Phase I vaccine trials, however, aren’t designed to see whether a vaccine can prevent infection, so future studies will have to look at that question.
“The results of this clinical trial add to the growing body of information demonstrating the potential value of adjuvanted avian influenza vaccines,” says NIAID Director Dr. Anthony S. Fauci.
Currently, MF59 is licensed for use as a vaccine adjuvant in Europe but not in the U.S. These findings suggest that MF59 deserves further study.
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||A circle graph is shaped
like a circle. It is divided into fractions that look like pieces of pie, so sometimes a
circle graph is called a pie graph. Many times the fractional parts are different colors
and a key explains the
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||A circle graph is shaped
like a circle. It is divided into fractions that look like pieces of pie, so sometimes a
circle graph is called a pie graph. Many times the fractional parts are different colors
and a key explains the colors.
Click on the word "circle" to see a circle graph.
You must click on the underlined word "circle" to go to
the next page.
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Johann Kalliwoda was another famous violin player who also played the viola and composed music for it.
Kalliwoda was born in 1801, 10 years after Mozart's death and when Beethoven was 31
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Johann Kalliwoda was another famous violin player who also played the viola and composed music for it.
Kalliwoda was born in 1801, 10 years after Mozart's death and when Beethoven was 31 year old, and died in 1866. at 10 he entered the Prague Conservatorire and five years completed his studies and at the age of 15
joined the Prague orchestra, just before Weber left it. After a few years, he left it to start a career as a solo violinist, visiting Germany, Switzerland and Netherlands.
He married young, at about 21, and then accepted the offer to become Kapellmeister at Prince Karl Egon II von Fürstenberg's court, where he remained all the rest of his life.
There he worked
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Drawing Comic Strips
Transcript of Drawing Comic Strips
TELLING A STORY THROUGH DRAWING
How does art tell a story?
Can we read a drawing?
Art that tells a story, either as a moment or an ongoing sequence of events over time.
Anubis finishing mummification, Tomb of Amennakht
Tomb of the official Nakht, Thebes No. 52, 18th Dynasty.New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1915
HMM...
what does this tomb painting remind you of?
“Achilles Killing Penthesilea”Amphora Vase by Exekias
In this work of art, the artist uses the scene to tell the story of this battle in Greek Mythology.
“Whaam! A & B”. Roy Lichtenstein. 1963.
Artist, Roy Lichtenstein used comics
as inspiration for his paintings
Artist, Keith Haring, used the simple black outlines of cartoons to create fun movement in his works of graffiti art!
creating a cartoon:
A storyboard is a way for artist to organize all of their ideas first before creating a work of art, like a comic strip, book, or movie!
comic has to be about someone/thing?
where will your comic strip take place?
what's going to happen in your comic strip?
So do you think now you can tell a story with your drawing?
We will be creating our very own comic strips using our knowledge of proper drawing techniques!
1) Write/Draft your comic strip story (worksheet)
2) Storyboard your comic scenes.
3) Draw and ink your final comic strip
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How do we know evolution really happens?
It's a common misconception that evolution is a matter of faith, because it happens too slowly to observe. Here's the way one reader sees it: "I don't see any fish walking around, nor
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How do we know evolution really happens?
It's a common misconception that evolution is a matter of faith, because it happens too slowly to observe. Here's the way one reader sees it: "I don't see any fish walking around, nor do I see any other creature in mid-evolving mode.... Simply stated, both creationism and evolution should be taught as competing theories; both are not provable, and both cannot be duplicated in a lab."
But evolution does happen in the lab, in real time, and it's bad news for us because such rapid evolution allows organisms that can kill us by evading drugs, vaccines, and our own immune systems.
Viral evolution is in the news because scientists reportedly created a new strain of bird flu (H5N1) that's highly contagious, prompting a government advisory board to request that scientific journals not publish the details.
As I quizzed Penn bioterrorism expert Harvey Rubin about the situation, he continued to talk about evolution and "fitness" of flu viruses. Indeed, he said, the whole point of creating a newer, scarier H5N1 was to help anticipate the virus' future evolution.
It's not easily transmissible now. But thanks to evolution, that might change.
This conversation led me to biologist Eddie Holmes of Penn State's Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics. "Viruses give us the best, most precisely defined examples of evolution you could possibly think of," he said.
Flu viruses evolve particularly fast because they're based on RNA - the single-stranded relative of DNA. RNA doesn't have any mechanism by which to repair copying errors, the way DNA does, so these viruses mutate much faster than DNA viruses.
Working with viruses, Holmes said, "is like watching human evolution on fast-forward." In 10 years, a virus can undergo as much evolution as a human could in 10 million.
The fact that these viruses undergo mutations is just part of the story. Their mutated progeny are subject to the sorting effect of natural selection. Those that are best at surviving and reproducing themselves predominate.
Viruses have hit upon a number of survival strategies, said Holmes. Measles infects children, thus ensuring a constant crop of new potential hosts. Herpes viruses can lie low, going undetected by the immune system much of the time, so it can survive in a host and spread for decades.
For flu viruses, the strategy is to evade the host's immune system. People are immune to whatever flu viruses have made them sick in the past, but evolution leads to slightly different versions coming back each season.
Some mutations change the proteins, called antigens, that are the targets of the immune system. By natural selection, the viruses that acquire new antigens can infect a lot more people and will be much more successful than those that have the same old antigens.
Holmes said evolutionary ideas were guiding the quest for a universal flu vaccine - one that would protect us not only from evolving seasonal viruses, but also from new ones, such as H5N1, that jump from other species.
To get such universal protection, scientists need to attack something that's common to all flu viruses. They are using genetic sequencing to find stretches of common genetic code, hoping to find a common Achilles' heel. If viruses didn't evolve from a common ancestor, this wouldn't work.
Meanwhile, at Penn, biologist/computer scientist Joshua Plotkin is learning about evolution by studying both flu and HIV.
Viruses disprove the common misconception that random mutations can't lead to improvements in an organism, he said. Unfortunately for us, random mutations lead to flu viruses that can escape our immune systems and vaccines.
"That's proof positive that some mutations are of adaptive utility," Plotkin said. "I can't think of a more straightforward example than that."
Click Here For Complete Column by Faye Flam,
& comments by readers of the Philadelphia Inquirer
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Deep in the Congo, black tribesmen had a name for Frank Laubach. "Mender of Old Baskets," they called him. An old leaky basket can be patched so that it can carry grain without dribbling it on the
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Deep in the Congo, black tribesmen had a name for Frank Laubach. "Mender of Old Baskets," they called him. An old leaky basket can be patched so that it can carry grain without dribbling it on the ground. In the same way, an old, leaky mind can be taught new ideas. It can be taught to read.Frank Laubach died at 85 on this day, June 11, 1970, having given his life to service for mankind. This especially took the form of teaching them how to read. He had become aware of the importance of literacy while serving as a missionary among Maranao Moro Muslims in the Philippines. Poverty and injustice crushed their lives. Much of it could be remedied, he decided, if only the people could read.
Educated himself at Princeton, Columbia and Union Theological Seminary, Laubach conceived simple instructional primers and charts that allowed even these poor people to learn to read. Laubach also founded a community newspaper for them. Gradually he realized that he could enlist the newly-literate to teach their neighbors and friends. "Each one teach one," became his slogan.
After they were adapted for world-wide use, his methods are credited with equipping over one hundred million people with the ability to read, relieving mental and spiritual poverty.
In spiritual matters, most of us are poorer than we need to be. Laubach tried to call the attention of Christians to this fact. Any one of us can spend his day in Christ's presence, he observed. And yet we do not. He urged us to think to Christ instead of thinking to ourselves. And he suggested turning to Christ constantly for advice on what to do next:
"All during the day, in the chinks of time between the things we find ourselves obliged to do, there are the moments when our minds ask: 'What next?' In these chinks of time, ask Him: 'Lord, think Thy thoughts in my mind. What is on Thy mind for me to do now?' When we ask Christ, 'What next?' we tune in and give Him a chance to pour His ideas through our enkindled imagination. If we persist, it becomes a habit."
Laubach insisted that the most mediocre mind praising Christ could do more good for mankind "than all the cunning schemes of diplomats or the fine-spun guesses of philosophers who leave Jesus out."
The "Apostle of Literacy" and his wife Effa are buried in Benton, Pennsylvania under a tombstone that reads "World Missionaries."
- "Dr. Frank Laubach." North Bay Literacy Council. http://www.northbayliteracycouncil.ca/Dr_Frank.htm
- "Dr. Frank Laubach." Laubach Literacy Ontario. http://www.laubach-on.ca/laubachchronology.htm
- Medary, Marjorie. Each one teach one: Frank Laubach friend to millions. New York: David McKay, 1966, 1954.
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Every year, people around the world with poor footwear or none at all are exposed to dangerous parasites, resulting in 300 million cases of severe illness from soil-transmitted parasites, according to the World Health Organization. Out of those cases, anywhere from
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Every year, people around the world with poor footwear or none at all are exposed to dangerous parasites, resulting in 300 million cases of severe illness from soil-transmitted parasites, according to the World Health Organization. Out of those cases, anywhere from 10,000 to 135,000 result in death, many of which could have been prevented if those people had possessed proper footwear.
Now, one man has made it his mission to address this problem with a unique invention that could save millions of lives. Designer, inventor and pastor Kenton Lee created the Shoe That Grows, an ingenious pair of expandable shoes for children that easily morph and grow in size and have a lifespan of around five years.
The idea came to Lee one day when he was walking to church while working in Nairobi, Kenya with HIV/AIDS orphans, and saw a young girl in her Sunday dress, but with shoes that were way too small for her.
"I'll never forget it. One day I was walking down a road with a group of kids from an orphanage where I was staying," Lee told the Daily Mail. "Next to me there was a girl in a white dress. As I looked down, her shoes were so small, and as I looked around, there were so many other kids with shoes that were too small for them."
The innovation was a collaboration between Lee and the company Proof of Concept. Together, they came up with a design for a shoe that expands in the front, the back and the side.
This project was overseen and launched by Because International, a charity for which Lee is also the executive director.
The shoes cost between $12 and $30, depending on the size of the order, and could be a cost-effective and simple way of saving millions of lives from easily preventable diseases, such as parasite infections.
The Shoe That Grows partners with other organizations on the ground in Ecuador, Haiti, Ghana and Kenya to get the shoes to those who need them most.
The root of the problem. Approximately 1.2 billion people around the world live in extreme poverty, off $1.25 or less per day. But if other indices are added to the calculation, such as access to education or healthcare, the number jumps to 1.6 billion, which is around 23% of the world's population.
People in poverty tend to live in environments with abysmal sanitation, which means when children walk barefoot, they are often exposed to human fecal matter on the ground.
Parasites live in the feces of infected individuals and can travel into the body via the sole of an exposed foot and cause helminth infections, which can be fatal or result in other health complications.
Helminths "can cause a range of health problems, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood and protein loss, rectal prolapse, and physical and cognitive growth retardation," according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
With such threatening potential outcomes of these infections, Lee's invention could protect millions of children's feet and literally
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Programming is a joy. Writing secure computer programs is a chore. For most programmers, the struggle is to write code that performs properly under optimal conditions. For people striving to write secure programs, the program must be carefully defended against every conceivable mischie
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Programming is a joy. Writing secure computer programs is a chore. For most programmers, the struggle is to write code that performs properly under optimal conditions. For people striving to write secure programs, the program must be carefully defended against every conceivable mischievous attack that an authorized user might launch against the system. This is hard work and requires constant attention to the minutiae of computer languages, programming interfaces, and operating system internals. And the underlying design of Unix actually makes it harder, not easier, to write programs that are resistant to attack.
A single bug can result in a catastrophic security failure for even the best-written programs. Experience has shown that C and C++ are lousy languages for writing secure programs. But the alternatives?Perl, Java, and Python?are often unworkable for writing critical applications.
In this chapter, we presented a number of rules to follow when writing programs that are security-critical. For good programmers, many of these rules are self-evident. For other programmers, many of these rules may seem like a silly chore. Alas, experience has shown that they are not.
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Pre-America: The Starting of a Nation
By Fred Fishburn
Men of Pre-America
Many men in history contributed to the founding of America. At around 1000 A.D., as Leif, son of Eric the Red
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Pre-America: The Starting of a Nation
By Fred Fishburn
Men of Pre-America
Many men in history contributed to the founding of America. At around 1000 A.D., as Leif, son of Eric the Red, sailed into unknown waters, seeking new lands, the curtains of the American story opened briefly, but it took another 500 years until the main drama began.
In these years, men's appetites of a better future caused history changing events to occur. Men with the same Viking blood that sailed the North Atlantic, became part of the columns of fighting laymen of the Crusades. Marco Polo and others traveled widely in Asia. The travels of such men succeeded in producing an awakening, perhaps as climactic, as that which Columbus and the Age of Discovery would bring.
The Printing Press
The invention of the Gutenberg movable type printing press changed history forever, making available for circulation, Bibles, legal documents, The Book of Marco Polo, and maps, the very map Columbus used to chart his course of discoveries, the map of Ptolemy, which by the way, contained many mistakes, which led to the discovery of America.
Early Old World Development
Also in the 14th Century, people were developing ox drawn wagons and rutted, primitive roads, where food could and other supplies could be transported, instead of having to be self-relying. Gold was discovered in the Black Forest, providing freer circulation to money. Great changes touched the minds of men and altered their habits, such as, craftsmen of iron and leather work. Middlemen appeared, founding what is known today as the factory system. Across Europe grew the Protestant Reformation.
Among these great men of the story of America, was a dreamer-navigator, Christopher Columbus, who found the Map of Ptolemy and The Book of Marco Polo to be fascinating, was moved by an ancient prophesy that spoke of a new world of lands, "There will come a time in the long years of the world when the Ocean Sea will loosen its shackles that bind things together and a great part of the earth will be opened up, and a new sailor such as Jason's guide, whose name was Thyphis, shall discover a new world, and then shall Thule no longer be the last of lands". Thus the Age of Discovery began some 500 years after the Vikings sailed the cold Atlantic waters.
Looking East Sailing West
Columbus pondered these
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Babesiosis is an infection that damages the red blood cells. Red blood cells travel in the blood and carry oxygen throughout the body. Damage to a large number of these cells can decrease the level of oxygen in the blood.
Mild babes
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Babesiosis is an infection that damages the red blood cells. Red blood cells travel in the blood and carry oxygen throughout the body. Damage to a large number of these cells can decrease the level of oxygen in the blood.
Mild babesiosis may not cause symptoms. Severe illness can lead to serious and life threatening problems because of the destruction of red blood cells.
Babesiosis is caused by a Babesia parasite. It is most often passed to humans through a bite from an infected tick.
Rarely, the parasite can be passed through a blood transfusion from an infected donor.
Spending time in an area where ticks are common increases your risk of infection. This includes outdoor areas with high grass or bushes. Not all tick bites will lead to infections.
The risk of a severe infection is increased in certain people including:
Common geographic locations include:
The risk of tick bites is highest from May to October.
Many people will have no symptoms. Symptoms that do develop may not show up until a few days or weeks after the bite. They are often flu-like symptoms such as:
A severe infection can cause difficulty breathing. It can also lead to complications with the heart, liver, or kidney.
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. You may be asked if you have spent time in areas known for ticks. A physical exam will be done.
The ticks that spread this infection tend to be very small. You may not have known you were bitten.
A blood test can confirm the presence of the infection and any other infection that may have been passed from the tick such as Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, or anaplasmosis. Blood tests may also be done to look for damage to other organs such as the kidneys or liver.
Infections without symptoms usually do not require treatment. Your immune system is able to clear the parasite.
An infection that causes symptoms may be treated with a combination of antibiotic and antiparasitic medications.
Severe infections can lead to very low levels of red blood cells. This is a condition known as hemolytic anemia. This may require a hospital stay, blood transfusions, and other supportive care until the infection can be cleared.
With this infection, it may be some time before the parasite is completely cleared.
Do not donate blood until your doctor has said it is okay to do so. If you donated blood just before your diagnosis, let your doctor know.
Avoiding tick bites is the best way to avoid babesiosis. Learn when ticks are most active in your area. Avoid tall grass, woods, and brush during these times. If you are in these areas:
After being outdoors:
It may take at least 24 hours for the parasite to pass through the bite. Not all tick bites will cause an infection. If you were bitten by a tick, watch the area over the next few days. Call your doctor if you develop a rash or other symptoms.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Family Doctor—American Academy of Family Physicians
Public Health Agency of Canada
Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/gen_info/index.html. Updated July 10, 2012. Updated July 10, 2012. Accessed September 3, 2015.
Babesiosis. EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at: http://www.dynamed.com/topics/dmp~AN~T114053/Babesiosis. Updated May 6, 2016. Accessed October 4, 2016.
Babesiosis FAQs. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases website. Available at: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/babesiosis/Pages/default.aspx. Updated April 10, 2014. Accessed September 3, 2015.
Mylonakis E. When to suspect and how to monitor babesiosis. Am Fam Physician. 2001;63(10):1969-1975.
Last reviewed Septem
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It is great to have a fireplace which you can light up when it is cold outside. You can relax for hours enjoying the natural warmth and looking at the burning wood. This idyllic picture can be easily ruined, however. All sorts of
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It is great to have a fireplace which you can light up when it is cold outside. You can relax for hours enjoying the natural warmth and looking at the burning wood. This idyllic picture can be easily ruined, however. All sorts of issues can occur. These range from bad smell to the release of harmful gas and from cracking of the flue to the collapsing of the entire chimney. The good news is that these serious problems can be avoided. For effective prevention, proper cleaning and maintenance are required. When the structure is properly cared for, the risk of damage and a serious accident is reduced to the very possible minimum.
It is a fact that it is not easy to provide chimney cleaning and maintenance. This is because the structure is specific and the access to its components is difficult. Proper techniques and tools have to be used so that the job is done effectively. Despite all of these difficulties, the provision of care is crucial for the safety of the property and of the people living on it. When the structure is maintained in good condition and operated optimally, you will have complete peace of mind about the health, safety and well being of your loved ones. You will be able to preserve valuable assets as well. Consider the major benefits of regular cleaning and maintenance.
Lower Fire Risk
When wood burns, it produces heat and a set of byproducts. The two main products are tar and carbon powder, which is popularly known as soot. These have light particles which are released up the chimney as the wood burns. The two types of particles get mixed and form a substance called creosote. Some of the creosote goes out of the chimney, but a large portion of it gets built up on the walls of the flue. As you keep using the fireplace, more creosote gets accumulated and the layer becomes ever thicker.
The major problem with creosote is that it is highly inflammable. Its accumulation on the flue walls increases the risk of house fire considerable. In fact, thousands of house fires are caused by creosote build-ups in chimneys every year. Fire is one of the most serious perils which can affect a home. It poses extreme danger to people and property. Another problem with fire starting due to the combustion of creosote is that this substance is toxic and can cause serious irritation to the skin and eyes and possibly mental confusion.
With proper chimney cleaning and maintenance, the risk of fire can be reduced to the lowest possible minimum. As a result, lives can be saved and property can be preserved.
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Legend has it that cod, haddock, perch and other North Atlantic fish were once so plentiful off the coast of New England that fisherman could almost literally scoop them from the water. Today, that bounty is almost gone due mainly to many decades
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Legend has it that cod, haddock, perch and other North Atlantic fish were once so plentiful off the coast of New England that fisherman could almost literally scoop them from the water. Today, that bounty is almost gone due mainly to many decades of over-fishing. However, there is one fisherman in the northeastern U.S. state of Maine whose innovative research into the region's fish declines is helping both scientists and fishermen understand what makes the marine ecosystems thrive and how fish populations might be restored.
His name is Ted Ames, and on one recent warm, warm blustery morning in Stonington, a picturesque village of about 1500 souls at the tip of Deer Isle, Maine, he could be seen, gray bearded and wiry standing on the dock and looking wistfully out to sea. Once thousands of independent fishermen plied these cold waters harvesting the abundant bottom feeders known here as "groundfish," especially cod. Now only a few dozen fishermen are still in business.
Ames, who calls himself a fisherman and "seasonal researcher," has been studying "historical ground fishing ecology: primarily cod and their relationship to other critters [creatures] in the system." For nearly a quarter century, he caught cod, haddock, pollock, and flounders of various types. But then, he says "I guess we caught them all up."
The sharp decline in Maine fishing was not inevitable, and, Ted Ames believes, need not be permanent.
A half century ago, Maine's
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GRADE 5 SEPTEMBER NEWSLETTER
- International Food Fair – Wednesday, October 12 (Starting at 7:30 onwards)
- Parent Teacher Conferences – Friday, October 14 (sign up using the PTCfast form
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GRADE 5 SEPTEMBER NEWSLETTER
- International Food Fair – Wednesday, October 12 (Starting at 7:30 onwards)
- Parent Teacher Conferences – Friday, October 14 (sign up using the PTCfast form)
- Mid term break – October 17 – October 24
- Start School on Tuesday 25th October
It is hard to believe that eight weeks of school are over already. What is more incredible is we will be meeting in two weeks time at Parent Teacher Conferences to discuss the progress of your Grade 5 child. Where has the time gone?
Students are busily completing the Five Themes of Geography Unit for Grade 5, and are currently working on an Adobe Spark project that incorporates skills development in geography, researching databases, digital literacy, writing, and speaking. The projects will be completed at the end of the 2nd quarter, therefore assessing the students will not be completed for this report card time period.
In reading we are working through the unit of: Following Characters into Meaning. We are taking active reading notes, formatting our responses, making connections to other books as we read, citing evidence from the book, working in teams to discuss the events that have taken place in our novels.
Chemical reactions…dissolving substances…evaporating salt solutions! It seems as though fun with learning never stops when it comes to Mixtures and Solutions. We will be completing the unit in around 4 weeks time.
The final tests will be performance and a written test. The students will be also asked to compl
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Lirula needle blight
Photo by P.Hennon USDA FS
Lirula needle blight is caused by the fungus Lirula macrospora.
This disease can occur in Colorado blue spruce, Picea pungens
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Lirula needle blight
Photo by P.Hennon USDA FS
Lirula needle blight is caused by the fungus Lirula macrospora.
This disease can occur in Colorado blue spruce, Picea pungens, and white spruce, Picea glauca. White spruce, including Black Hills spruce, is the more susceptible species.
- In late summer second year needles become discolored, yellow to brown.
- In the following year (third year needles) a raised black line forms along the midrib of infected needles, mostly on the lower surfaces.
- In some cases horizontal black bands form across infected needles.
- Needles on lower branches are commonly infected first.
- Infected needles turn grayish brown after spores are released but remain
attached to tree for several years.
Photo by P.Hennon USDA FS, Bugwood.org
It takes several years for Lirula macrospora to complete its lifecycle. The fungus overwinters in infected needles on the tree. During late spring through midsummer infected needles release spores that spread in splashing and dripping rain to new needles. First year needles appear to be the most susceptible. On second year needles, a raised black line, which is a spore producing structure created by the fungus, forms on the midrib on the underside of the needle. Spores are released from these structures on third year needles.
- Avoid planting spruce where Lirula needle blight already occurs.
- Inspect new seedlings and trees for signs of infection prior to purchase.
- Apply Chlorothalonil or Bordeaux mixture when new needles are half the length of mature needles and a second time, one month later. Since the disease cycle is 3 years long, fungicide application must occur for 3 consecutive years to be effective.
- Remove the most heavily infected trees in the landscape to protect neighboring spruce trees.
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Catherine of Genoa (1447 – 15 September 1510)
Born Caterina Fieschi Adorno to a prominate Italian family in 1447. At 13 all she wanted to do was become a nun, like
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Catherine of Genoa (1447 – 15 September 1510)
Born Caterina Fieschi Adorno to a prominate Italian family in 1447. At 13 all she wanted to do was become a nun, like her sister who had become an Augustinian, but the order that she applied to would not take her saying she was too young. After her dream was dashed she put this idea aside. in 1463 her father passed away and Caterina married at her parents wish a nobleman Giuliano, some believe to end a feud between the two families. This marriage was horrible, it was childless and loveless. Giuliano wasn’t the greatest of people for ten years Caterina put up with this. Then on March 22 1473, she had a conversion during confession where she felt God’s immense love for her. This was the beginning of her close union with God in prayer (although not using typical means like a rosary) she began receiving communion daily and underwent mental and pathological experiences. These are documented in Von Hugel’s book The Mystical Element of Religion. Catherine would also volunteer at a hospital where she and he husband eventually lived. In her lifetime she wrote some teachings down in two volumes which can still be found today Dialogues on the Soul and the Body and A Treatise on Purgatory.
Euphemia the All-praised (d. 303)
Euphemia is a more popular saint in the Orthodox Church, she was a consecrated virgin. Not much is really known about her life other than what the legends tell us. According to tradition she was arrested with a group of like 40 other Christians for refusing to offer sacrifice to Ares. Euphemia was take and tortured, after a number of days she was sent to the area with the lions and instead of attacking her the lions went and licked Euphemia’s wounds. Tradition states that she was killed by a bear in the arena, and eventually a cathedral was built over her grave. Now this isn’t where the story ends during the Council of Chalcedon in 451, she played an important role. At this council the Monophysites and the Orthodox butted heads over if Jesus was one nature divine or two natures human and divine. Each side wrote down their doctirne and they were placed on the breast of Euphemia within her tomb and after three days the scroll of the Orthodox was in the hand of Euphemia and the Monophyites was crumpled at her feet. This lead to the Chalcedon schism.
Hildegard of Bingen, OSB known as Sibyl of the Rhine (1098 – 17 September 1179)
Hildegard is one of the newest Doctors of the Church and I’ve shared some about her in the past. She is a pretty cool individual. Hildegard began having visions as a child and had her visions while she was mentally awake. She collected her visions in her three books, Scivias; Book of Life’s Merits; and Book of Divine Works. Her main concern is that Love overflows into all things. The whole world and everything on it were made out of love. This is something that we need to remember in the world today.
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The recent release of the latest climate analytics and prediction from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) 2014 Fifth Assessment Synthesis Report has reignited the already fierce battle over the future of our planet’s ecosystem stability
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The recent release of the latest climate analytics and prediction from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) 2014 Fifth Assessment Synthesis Report has reignited the already fierce battle over the future of our planet’s ecosystem stability. Chaired by Dr. Rajendra Pachauri, the modeling efforts of this diverse team have yielded sobering predictions for the future of the earth. The report champions adaptation as a critical factor in ameliorating the impacts of the climate change caused primarily by the rapid accumulation of excessive greenhouse gasses. It strongly suggests that mitigation and adaption must be viewed as complimentary strategies and essentially inseparable.
Despite the fact that there is nearly unanimous scientific support for the reality of anthropogenic climate change, a recent commentary in Conservation Magazine (February 2015) reports that only about half of Americans believe that climate change is real. In addition, many of our environmental policies remain focused on mitigation of greenhouse gasses as the primary response to global warming. This represents a double whammy – if you will pardon the pun – in our efforts to take positive action in response to the destabilizing forces of rapid climate chaos.
This dysfunctional duo (climate change disbelief and reliance only on mitigation) presents a terrible quandary for those who work with public stakeholders, especially those in underserved urban communities where the impacts are intensified. These neighborhoods are suffering the impacts of droughts, excessive heat, associated pollution impacts and green infrastructure degradation that follows climate change inaction or intervention policies that neglect adaptation. These communities, along with the rest of the globe are caught up in the long lag times associated with ecosystem change. The beneficiaries of mitigation interventions to slow the production of greenhouse gasses will be our great grandchildren. Indeed, future generations of the Earth’s human inhabitants should not suffer unnecessarily for our failure to act in the present. However, climate adaptation is needed now to serve the current inhabitants.
The authors of the IPCC envision a broad range of adaptations to climate change that fall into three broad categories; 1) reducing the vulnerability and exposure through effective disaster planning, poverty alleviation and ecosystem management, 2) incremental transformation of the physical, institutional and social systems that support our communities and 3) transformation of the practical, political and personal spheres of change.
The impacts of climate change are particularly acute in ecosystems that are water-stressed, such as Southern California. We need stronger efforts to conserve and reuse our precious water reserves and a viable plan for building green infrastructure that can thrive in human communities with reduced irrigation, intensified heat, the pollutants associated with highly industrialized economies and still provide the enhanced ecosystem services we need. Enhanced water capture, tree planting initiatives and carbon sequestration efforts are vital responses to the challenge we face. However, these initiatives, along with many others, require social will, physical capacity and economic commitment in order to be effective interventions
The science and policy of adaptation make for powerful learning opportunities in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) education communities. At CURes, we are committed to bringing this perspective to our educational and restorative justice schools initiatives. Of course, we are not alone in these efforts; many enlightened education and community providers have embraced this practical and effective approach. We salute all of these efforts and implore a larger commitment moving forward.
About the Author: Dr. Eric Strauss serves as President’s Professor of Biology at Loyola Marymount University and Executive Director of CURes. With collaborati
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Madison WI (SPX) Feb 25, 2011
As the organic food trend continues to grow; more farmers are converting from conventional agriculture to organic production. One of the fastest growing markets in the U.S. is the production
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Madison WI (SPX) Feb 25, 2011
As the organic food trend continues to grow; more farmers are converting from conventional agriculture to organic production. One of the fastest growing markets in the U.S. is the production of organic milk. The growth of this industry has prompted many farmers to transition their land to organic feed grain production. With transition on the rise, it is necessary for these farmers to have effective and economical organic management practices.
A research team led by scientists from Penn State University and University of New Hampshire conducted a four-year study examining the impact of reduced-tillage and cover crops managed for hay and forage production on the agronomic and economic performance of feed grain production.
Two cropping system experiments were carried out in central Pennsylvania from 2003 to 2007. For the first year both plots rotated between a cover crop, corn and soybeans; one plot was managed with full tillage and the other with reduced tillage. Changes in weed populations, crop yields, and economic returns over the three year rotation were monitored by the research team.
From a weed management perspective, the results indicate that utilizing reduced tillage for organic production could present a challenge for some farmers. Weed populations were less responsive to the choice in cover crop than to the reduction in tillage. Weed populations dramatically increased in reduced tillage systems.
"This is a troubling result because the weed populations that increased included perennial species such as Canada thistle and bindweed which are very difficult to control without tillage once they become established. In a way, these perennial weeds can actually act as'management drivers,' forcing organic growers to have to periodically utilize more intensive tillage practices to reduce their populations," says Richard Smith, University of New Hampshire.
The study also suggests that growers who want to transition to organic production while minimizing tillage may experience variable economic success depending on how they begin their rotation. Costs associated with manure and compost, which was purchased off-farm, also strongly influenced the economics of the systems.
The authors conclude that integrated systems that include field crop and dairy production, where manure sources are available on-site or locally, would improve the economics of these systems. While tillage did not have a significant effect on cumulative net returns in either experiment, there did appear to be a trend for higher returns in the rotations that utilized full-tillage.
According to Smith, further research will be necessary to determine the most cost-effective approaches to reducing tillage in transitional and organic production systems. Research is ongoing at Penn State University.
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Southern U.S. said source of ant spread
Gainesville, Fla. (UPI) Feb 24, 2011
Global invasions of fire ants can be traced back to the southern United States where the nuisance insect first gained a hold in the 1930s, researchers say. Scientists at the University of Florida say the ant, native to South America, had been contained there and in the southeastern United States before turning up in faraway places in the last 20 years, including California, China, Taiwa... read more
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“But is ‘it’s blocked, I can’t access it”.
But the ‘firewall’ supposed to keep them ‘safe’ does not work. They go home to read and watch it, or use their phones? Are we then to install
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“But is ‘it’s blocked, I can’t access it”.
But the ‘firewall’ supposed to keep them ‘safe’ does not work. They go home to read and watch it, or use their phones? Are we then to install mobile phone ‘jammers’? We have not created a ‘firewall’, but a brick wall – we are Blocking Learning. We might be ‘covering’ it over with policy, rendering it with policical ‘motherhood’ messages, but behind the rhetoric is a solid wall, that believes ‘the internet’ is somthing that can be controlled and monitored, and that a few people (Senetor Conroy, the czar of communication in Australia – #nocleanfeed) should dictate our social connections, contracts and learning.
My wife tried to access the EPA this week with her year 1 class. Can someone please explain the criteria used for to evaluate the Envronmental Protection Agencies not condusive to learning if the teacher thinks they are? In fact all the science sites on environment they searched for in Google were blocked. This, despite taking part in an online, DET promoted, ‘science competition’.
IMBEE – a social community in which students can only talk to and friend other members of their group (their class) and all chat is moderated – as banned from use – and so were the fabulous parent and student resources, which included cyber safety. “imbee is a parent approved, teacher endorsed social networking site appropriate for kids and ‘tweens.” Posters and booklets specifically designed to address safety – banned. What is better IMBEE or Habbo Hotel or Club Penguin – both of which have MILLIONS of unmoderated residents.
Teachers can’t ‘plan’ serious ICT activities, and be sure they will work. Many primary school teachers have little to no ‘relief’ time to plan at school, so have to use their own ‘free’ time. There is absolutely no doubt that the DET is out of control, has too many political masters (who DET say are to blame), and lack of clarity or effective policy that can be aligned and aligned in the classroom. The is for example no DET portal ‘request’ for access – even for an hour to a site. What is the point of putting infratructure, wifi and laptops into schools – if what they connect to cannot effectively allow communication flow?
A connection to a brick wall, not a firewall.
There are ways to deliver better ‘duty of care’ – the current model is based on fear, lack of understanding and policy designed for physical spaces and objects. Rumour has it that Queensland and education departments banning anything remotely ‘engaging’ and doing nothing to facilitate, professionally develop staff etc. Stack this up against public ‘draft’ policy, that smells like ‘National Curriculum’, Gillard talking about adopting New York Ciry school models, vague attempts to introduce low-end netbooks, recent laptop dumps in High School and the ever promised ‘fibre’ to schools roll out.want to ban any site that has ‘data’ stored outside of Australia. Who thinks this stuff up? With No Clean Feed and Conroy re-introducing the ducking-stool and covert ops in state
What does the DET ‘innovations’ department do?
We all know, much of what we can give teachers is free, already tested and widely reviewed and researched by reputable institutions. Quest Atlantis for example. A brilliant virtual world, we a great global community, that will won’t comply to QLD and WA rumored ‘policy’. Has anyone involved in QA been approached by anyone from these ‘elected’ guardians of education? – I doub’t it. Unlocking virtual worlds or any other technology is not something that will happen unless teachers start making lists, and principles start sending those lists to parents, MPs and lobby groups. List the banned sites. ‘Ah’, you say ‘I can’t put that on a wiki, they are all banned’. But here is what you can do, as I am getting a bit tired of ‘yeah buts’ based on no-consultation from elected representatives.
Perhaps Mrs Gillard would like to discuss? But probably not unless there is an imperative, so maybe we should make one. Theres one thing NOT blocked. And that’s ‘email’. So here’s what you can do, to let the DET know what you could not teach in your classroom.
Take action – let ‘them’ know this is – BLOCKED LEARNING
Just send an email!
You don’t need to put in your name or your email address.
A screenshot would be ‘sweet’.
Please include the URL of the site, the grade that could not see it, your state and what you wanted to teach. 140 Characters or less so you can “Tweet it”.
The post will get blogged at http://blockedlearning.posterous.com and perhaps a beneficial resource for our elected state and government officials.
Please share the URL, post on Twitter with #blockedlearning – so we can see the list growing. This will let other teachers know, ahead of time – what is already blocked by the various ‘experts’. If you want to attach a screen
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Our lives are like islands in the sea, or like trees in the forest. The maple and the pine may whisper to each other with their leaves... But the trees also commingle their roots in the darkness underground, and the islands also hang together
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Our lives are like islands in the sea, or like trees in the forest. The maple and the pine may whisper to each other with their leaves... But the trees also commingle their roots in the darkness underground, and the islands also hang together through the ocean's bottom.
--William James, psychologist and philosopher (1842-1910)
(28:5.14) These are the angels who foster and promote the teamwork of all Orvonton. One of the most important lessons to be learned during your mortal career is teamwork. The spheres of perfection are manned by those who have mastered this art of working with other beings. Few are the duties in the universe for the lone servant. The higher you ascend, the more lonely you become when temporarily without the association of your fellows.
William James was an American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States, James was one of the leading thinkers of the late nineteenth century and is believed by many to be one of the most influential philosophers the United States has ever produced, while others have labeled him the "Father of American psychology".
Along with Charles Sanders Peirce and John Dewey, James is considered to be one of the major figures associated with the philosophical school known as pragmatism, and is also cited as one of the founders of functional psychology. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked James as the 14th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. He also developed the philosophical perspective known as radical empiricism. James' work has influenced intellectuals such as Émile Durkheim, W. E. B. Du Bois, Edmund Husserl, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Hilary Putnam, and Richard Rorty, and has even influenced Presidents, such as Jimmy Carter.
Born into a wealthy family, James was the son of the Swedenborgian theologian Henry James Sr. and the brother of both the prominent novelist Henry James, and the diarist Alice James. James wrote widely on many topics, including epistemology, education, metaphysics, psychology, religion, and mysticism. Among his most influential books are The Principles of Psychology, which was a groundbreaking text in the field of psychology, Essays in Radical Empiricism, an important text in philosophy, and The Varieties of Religious Experience, which investigated different forms of religious experience, which also included the then theories on mind-cure.
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UK mains supply is approximately 230 volts.
It is AC (Alternating Current) - constantly changing direction.
Frequency of AC mains supply - 50 cycles / second (50Hz)
Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)- similar
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UK mains supply is approximately 230 volts.
It is AC (Alternating Current) - constantly changing direction.
Frequency of AC mains supply - 50 cycles / second (50Hz)
Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)- similar too a voltmeter.
'Trace' on screen shows how the voltage of supply over time
AC supply goes up and down in a regular pattern. Sometimes its positive, sometimes its negative.
The vertical height of the AC trace shows the imput voltage at that point. The height = Potential difference of AC supply.
DC supply is just a straight line- Voltage= distance from straight line trace too the center line.
Gain Dial controls how many volts each cm division represents on the horizontal axis.
The Timebase controls how many milliseconds (0.001s) each division represents on the horizontal axis.
Frequency (Hz) = 1 / Time Period (s)
Dangers of Electricity in the Home
- Long cables
- Frayed cables
- Cables in contact with something hot or wet
- Water near sockets
- Shoving things into sockets
- Damaged plugs
- Too many plugs in one socket
- Lighting sockets without bulbs in
- Appliances without covers on
Cables and Wires
Most electrical appliances connected to mains supply by three core cables. - Three wires inside of them- each with core of copper and coloured plastic coating.
Live Wire- Brown live wire in mains supply alternates between a high +VE and -VE voltage.
Neutral Wire- Blue neutral wire always at OV. Electricity normally flows in and out through neutral and live wire only.
Earth Wire- Green and yellow earth wire for safety. Prevents fire and shocks (along with fuse). Attached to the metal casing of the plug and carry the electricity away to earth if theres a fault and the live or neutral wires touch the metal case.
1- The right coloured wire must be connected to each pin and firmly screwed in.
2- No bare wires showing in plug.
3. Cable grip tight over the cable outer layer.
4- Different appliances need different amounts of electrical energy. Thicker cables have less resistance, so they carry more current.
Metal parts made of copper or brass- very good conductors.
Case, cable grip and cable insulation made of rubber or plastic- very good insulators and flexible.
Fuses and Earthing
If a fault develops in which the live wire touches the metal case, if the case is earthed, too much current flows through the live wire and out down the earth wire.
This surge in the current melts the fuse (or trips the circuit breaker in the live wire) when the amount of current is greater than the fuse rating. This cuts off the live supply and breaks the circuit.
This isolates the whole appliance, so you can't get an electric shock. It also prevents the fire hazard due to the heating effect of a large current.
Fuses and earthing also there to protect appliance- stop wiring breaking due to current surges.
Fuses should be rated as close as possible to normal operating current- always higher.
Larger the current = thicker the cable you need to carry it. This is why fuse rating needed for cables usually increases with cable thickness.
Circuit Breakers vs. Fuses
Circuit breakers are like fuses- protect circuit from damage if too much current flows.
When circuit breaker detects a surge in current, break the circuit by opening a switch.
Circuit breakers can be easily reset by flicking a switch on device. More convenient than fuses, as do not have to be replaced every time. However more expensive to buy than fuses.
Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) used instead of fuse and earth wire:
Normally, same current flows through live and neutral wire. If somebody touches the live wire, small but deadly current flows through them to earth. This means neutral wire carries less current than live wire- RCCB detects this difference and cuts of power by opening switch.
Faster than fuses- break circuit as soon as current surge- no waiting for fuse to melt, therefore safer.
More sensitive- work for small current charges. Small currents can be fatal, so RCCB more effecting in protecting against electrocution.
Energy and Power in Circuits
Electricity is a form of energy- always conserved.
Anything that supplies electricity is also supplying energy, so cells, generators ect. all transfer energy to components in a circuit, e.g motion to motors and heat to kettles.
All resistors produce heat when a current flows through them- electrical energy converted into heat energy when it passes through anything with electrical resistance.
More current flows, more heat produced.
Bigger voltage - more heating, because it pushes more current through.
Filament bulbs work by passing a current through a very thin wire, heating it up so much it glows- a lot of energy wasted as heat.
Efficient = Wastes less energy.
Appliances that are energy efficient transfer more of their total electrical energy output to useful energy.
e.g. less energy wasted as heat in power saving lamps - compact fluorescent lamps (CFL's) and light emitting diodes (LEDs)- than in filament bulbs.
More energy efficient bulbs cost more to buy, but over time you save money on electrical bills, makes up for
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National Tourist Appreciation Day is celebrated in the US on May 6. This days falls during the National Travel and Tourism Week of May 7 through May 13.
Next to healthcare, the tourism industry is the top employer in most states
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National Tourist Appreciation Day is celebrated in the US on May 6. This days falls during the National Travel and Tourism Week of May 7 through May 13.
Next to healthcare, the tourism industry is the top employer in most states (about 32) in the United States. In the retail sector, tourism and travel industry follows the automotive industry and food industry in terms of revenue generation. Tourism is one of the top activities next to shopping and outdoor activities. Nationwide celebrations were introduced to celebrate the success of this industry and to promote it further.
There is no record of the origin of the holiday. Moreover, there is no official legislature passing the celebration of this ‘National day’. However, there is presidential proclamation and congressional resolution (1983) for the National Travel and Tourism Week. The first celebration of the week was in 1984. The US travel industry celebrates the week every year in creative ways. They conduct rallies and media outreach as part of the celebrations. The National Tourist Appreciation Day is celebrated as an element of this week.
The travel and tourism communities take the extra effort to pamper their tourist on this day. They extend special discounts, credits, freebies, and offers on this day. People,
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Managing California Ground Squirrels
The California ground squirrel is common throughout California and may cause damage in both agricultural and urban settings.
Some control methods and materials can only be used by a certified or licensed pesticide applicators. For homeowners who cannot or
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Managing California Ground Squirrels
The California ground squirrel is common throughout California and may cause damage in both agricultural and urban settings.
Some control methods and materials can only be used by a certified or licensed pesticide applicators. For homeowners who cannot or do not wish to hire a professional, options with fewer restrictions include repellents, exclusion, habitat modification, some methods of fumigation, and trapping. However, not all of these options are necessarily effective management strategies.
Several factors influence the efficiency of a control method. Management plans should incorporate site-specific variables such as cost, labor, and potential restrictions (e.g. proximity to structures, risks to non-targets, restricted use materials, etc).
Timing: Why it Matters
The success of many control methods depends on the season. For example, trapping is ineffective if the squirrels are hibernating, and California ground squirrels will be less likely to take toxic baits if they are still feeding on green vegetation.
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Poet, author, actress, civil rights activist and professor Dr. Maya Angelou, whose works resonated with themes of unity, liberation and moving forward, has walked on at age 86.
The writer of I Know Why the Caged
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Poet, author, actress, civil rights activist and professor Dr. Maya Angelou, whose works resonated with themes of unity, liberation and moving forward, has walked on at age 86.
The writer of I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is perhaps best known, as The New York Times pointed out, for her reading of the poem “On the Pulse of Morning” at the inauguration of President Bill Clinton in 1993, “who, like Ms. Angelou, had grown up poor in rural Arkansas.”
Condolences and remembrances poured in throughout the day, and Wake Forest University, where Angelou taught, set up a website and guestbook.
“Maya Angelou has been a towering figure—at Wake Forest and in American culture,” Wake Forest University President Nathan Hatch said in a statement. “She had a profound influence in civil rights and racial reconciliation. “We will miss profoundly her lyrical voice and always keen insights.”
From the White House to the New York State governor’s office, the 2011 Medal of Freedom winner was lauded and mourned. President Barack Obama called her “one of the brightest lights of our time—a brilliant writer, a fierce friend, and a truly phenomenal woman,” in a statement.
“Over the course of her remarkable life, Maya was many things—an author, poet, civil rights activist, playwright, actress, director, composer, singer and dancer,” Obama said in a statement from the White House. “But above all, she was a storyteller—and her greatest stories were true. A childhood of suffering and abuse actually drove her to stop speaking—but the voice she found helped generation
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on 26 October 2011
Some 2250 years ago in Egypt, a man known today only as M1 struggled with a long, painful, progressive illness. A dull pain throbbed in his lower back, then spread to
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on 26 October 2011
Some 2250 years ago in Egypt, a man known today only as M1 struggled with a long, painful, progressive illness. A dull pain throbbed in his lower back, then spread to other parts of his body, making most movements a misery. When M1 finally succumbed to the mysterious ailment between the ages of 51 and 60, his family paid for him to be mummified so that he could be reborn and relish the pleasures of the afterworld.
Now an international research team has diagnosed what ailed M1: the oldest known case of prostate cancer in ancient Egypt and the second oldest case in the world. (The earliest diagnosis of prostate cancer came from the 2700-year-old skeleton of a Scythian king in Russia.) Moreover, the new study now in press in the International Journal of Paleopathology, suggests that earlier investigators may have underestimated the prevalence of cancer in ancient populations because high-resolution computerized tomography (CT) scanners capable of finding tumors measuring just 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter only became available in 2005. "I think earlier researchers probably missed a lot without this technology," says team leader Carlos Prates, a radiologist in private practice at Imagens Médicas Integradas in Lisbon.
Prostate cancer begins in the walnut-sized prostate gland, an integral part of the male reproductive system. The gland produces a milky fluid that is part of semen and it sits underneath a man's bladder. In aggressive cases of the disease, prostate cancer cells can metastasize, or spread, entering the bloodstream and invading the bones. After performing high-resolution scans on three Egyptian mummies in the collection of the National Archaeological Museum in Lisbon, Prates and colleagues detected many small, round, dense tumors in M1's pelvis and lumbar spine, as well as in his upper arm and leg bones. These are the areas most commonly affected by metastatic prostate cancer. "We could not find any evidence to challenge this diagnosis," Prates says.
"I would agree that it's a case of metastatic prostate cancer," says Andreas Nerlich, a pathologist at the Academic Hospital Munich-Bogenhausen in Germany, who was not involved in the research project. "This is a very well-done study."
Researchers have long struggled to detect evidence of cancer in the skeletons and mummified flesh of the ancient dead. But recorded cases of cancer in ancient populations are rare. Indeed, one study published in 1998 in the Journal of Paleopathology calculated that just 176 cases of skeletal malignancies had been reported among tens of thousands of ancient humans examined. The low number of cases prompted a theory that cancer only began flourishing in the modern industrial age, when carcinogens became more widespread in food and in the environment and when people began living longer, giving tumors more time to grow and proliferate.
But ancient populations, says Albert Zink, a biological anthropologist at the Institute for Mummies and the Iceman in Bolzano, Italy, were no strangers to carcinogens. Soot from wood-burning chimneys and fireplaces, for example, contains substances known to cause cancer in humans. And the bitumen that ancient boat builders heated to seal and waterproof ships has been linked to lung cancer as well as tumors in the respiratory and digestive tracts. "I think cancer was quite prevalent in the past," Zink says, "more prevalent than we have been able to see."
But that situation may be changing, Prates says, as physical anthropologists gain access to the new generation of high-resolution CT scanners. The equipment that Prates and his colleagues used to study M1, for example, has a pixel resolution of 0.33 millimeters, allowing radiologists to visualize even fleck-sized lesions.
For scientists studying the origins of cancer and the complex interplay of environment, diet, and genes on the prevalence of the disease, such improved detection could shed new light on a disease that has plagued humanity for many thousands of years, if not longer. "And for sure there's always the hope that reaching a better understanding of the roots of cancer will help contribute in some way to a cure," Zink concludes.
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"The Death of a Salesman" by Arthur Miller.
The first crusade took place in 1091. Its aim was to regain the Holy land from the hands of Muslims. However, it was not significant, due to the success in retaking Jerusalem, but because of the great number of knights, that came from all over Europe to join the war in the name of Christianity. This was an extraordinary thing, to gather so many people to follow one purpose. One purpose, that convinced troops of different nationalities to fight side by side, nevertheless of their earlier attitudes. This purpose was so important, that after the success of the first crusade, many more followe…
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By Darren Holman, L. Ac.
Chinese medicine is constantly trying to balance the body, and one tool we have for doing this is the food we eat. The foods we eat are the building blocks for who we are, and one of
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By Darren Holman, L. Ac.
Chinese medicine is constantly trying to balance the body, and one tool we have for doing this is the food we eat. The foods we eat are the building blocks for who we are, and one of the most direct ways we have of affecting our own health. In Chinese medicine we strive to keep the body in balance with the proper amount of yin and yang energies. These energies affect our bodies from the season, our activity level, the foods we eat, and the way we prepare these foods. We will start be discussing the seasons.
Remember that each one of us has a different constitution, and tendency towards different types of imbalances. Your diet will need to be catered towards these factors. For example people with weak digestion will want to avoid eating too much cold food, while some one with recurrent acne, and skin rashes should avoid consumption of too much hot food.
What I am outlining in this article are simple guidelines for how the nature, and flavor of foods interact with the body, and which foods should be eaten in each season. These guidelines are for a healthy person’s body that is reasonably balanced. We are going to examine the temperature nature of foods, the flavor action of foods, the energetic movements of the seasons and what foods should be eaten to be in harmony with them.
In Chinese dietary therapy we classify the temperature nature of food by the heating or cooling effect it has on the body. Foods can be classified as Hot, Warm, Neutral, Cool, or Cold. Some examples of each category are:
Hot: Butter, chocolate, coffee, crispy rice, curry, hot chilies, lamb, mango, onions, peanut butter, sesame seeds, smoked fish, trout, and whisky.
Warm: beef, cheese, brown sugar, chestnuts, chicken, egg yolk, dates, garlic, ginger, green pepper, ham, leeks, oats, peaches, pomegranates, potato, turkey, turnips, vinegar, walnuts, wine.
Neutral: apricots, beet roots, broad beans, bread, brown rice, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, cherries, egg whites, grapes, honey, water, milk, oysters, peanuts, peas, pork, raisins, salmon, sugar, sweet potatoes, plums.
Cool: Almonds, apples, barley, broccoli, corn, fish, mushrooms, celery, wheat, turnips, tangerines, strawberries, pineapple, oranges, pears, mangos, watermelon, salt.
Cold: Bananas, bean sprouts, duck, grapefruit, green tea, cucumbers, lettuce, ice cream, mussels, peppermint, tofu, tomato, yogurt.
The temperature of the food is also affected by the preparation methods. Raw foods are the coldest, and require the body to add heat to digest them. Long term consumption of large amounts of raw food is thought to be depleting of the body’s digestive fire. Boiling and steaming are the cooking methods that add the least heat to food’s nature, while frying, grilling, and roasting add the most.
We also consider the flavor of the food and its effects on the body. The Chinese classify flavor into five types; sour, bitter, sweet, pungent, and salty. These flavors correspond to the seasons, organs, and elements. Each flavor also has its own effects on the body.
Sour corresponds to spring time, the liver, and the element of wood. The sour taste is astringent, obstructs movement, and can be used to stop sweating or diarrhea. Over indulgence in sour foods can weaken the spleen and cause damage to the muscles. This can be counteracted with pungent foods. Some examples of sour foods are; apples, apricots, grapefruit, oranges, mangoes, olives, peaches, pineapple, plums, tomatoes, strawberries, and vinegar.
Bitter corresponds to summer, the heart, and the element of fire. The bitter taste is drying and strengthening to the spleen, and reduces body heat. Bitter foods can be used to induce diarrhea to purge the body. An over indulgence in bitter foods can cause stomach energy to stagnate and wither the skin. This can be counter acted with salty foods. Some examples of bitter foods are; asparagus, celery, coffee, hops, lettuce, kohlrabi, and sea grass.
Sweet corresponds to late summer, the spleen, and the element of earth. The sweet taste is harmonizing and slows down acute symptoms, and neutralizes toxic effects of other foods. Over indulgence in sweet foods can cause bone pain, kidney problems, fullness in the chest, and hair loss. You can counteract this by eating sour foods. Some examples of sweet foods are; bamboo shoots, honey, sugar, watermelon, tofu, carrot, coconut, corn, eggplant, figs, grapes, apples, olives, peaches, wheat, and walnuts.
Pungent corresponds to fall, the lungs, and the element of metal. The pung
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THE SERVANT GENERAL
OUR THEME FOR 2012
FAMILY AND LIFE
The fullness of life has to do with family. According to the
plan of God, starting from creation, God intended the family
to be His
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THE SERVANT GENERAL
OUR THEME FOR 2012
FAMILY AND LIFE
The fullness of life has to do with family. According to the
plan of God, starting from creation, God intended the family
to be His instrument for life and for evangelization. Life
is the most basic value and right, since if there is no life
then there can follow nothing else. In turn, evangelization
is crucial to ensure that that life is lived according to
the very plan of God, to its fullest. Now the enemy knows
this too, and tries to destroy what is of God.
look at God’s plan from the very start. God takes a
man and a woman, and brings them together in marriage (Gen
2:18,24), and lets them raise a family. The enemy opposes
everything that is of God and tries to thwart God’s
plan. He does this in different ways, all in total contradiction
of God’s intent.
Through homosexuality and even same-sex marriage. Jesus
says that God’s design from the beginning was for
only two sexes--male and female, not lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transsexual, etc. “But from the beginning of creation,
‘God made them male and female.’” (Mk
divorce, or even convincing couples not to marry at all.
Jesus says that the man and the woman come together in holy
marriage, which no one can dissolve. “‘For this
reason a man shall leave his father and mother (and be joined
to his wife), and the two shall become one flesh.’
So they are no longer two but one flesh. Therefore what
God has joined together, no human being must separate.”
abortion. This comes with the mentality that children are
unwanted. Due to the lack of social standing of children
during Jesus’ time, even the disciples rebuked parents
who were bringing their children to Jesus (Mk 10:13). Today’s
society has brought such alienation and disdain for children
to its ultimate degree, that of preventing them from even
being born. But for Jesus, “he embraced them and blessed
them, placing his hands on them.” (Mk 10:16).
Today modern society has legalized abortion, divorce and same-sex
unions. That is to be expected, unfortunately, of a secular
humanist society that has embraced Modernism. However, what
is appalling is that even some elements of the Church are
no longer following God in His plan. Moses allowed divorce
“because of the hardness of your hearts” (Mk 10:5).
Today certain clerics and religious have become soft-hearted
in seeing spouses suffer due to infidelity, abuse, etc., and
so have embraced divorce. The disciples looked down on children
and did not consider them fit to come to Jesus. Today many
in the Church look on children as burdens and thus are unwanted,
and so have embraced contraception, sterilization and even
is needed today is clarity regarding God’s plan, a conviction
that such plan has not changed, and boldness to defend and
promote such plan. This is the task not only of clerics but
of all of us who are true pro-lifers. We must be clear and
firm in our teaching.
No to divorce. “Therefore what God has joined together,
no human being must separate.” (Mk 10:9).
to remarriage for those who have divorced (and have not
secured a declaration of nullity). “Whoever divorces
his wife and marries another commits adultery against her;
and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she
commits adultery.” (Mk 10:11-12).
to same-sex union/marriage. “But from the beginning
of creation, ‘God made them male and female.’”
to holy Matrimony, a lifelong union of two into one. “That
is why a man leaves his father and mother and clings to
his wife, and the two of them become one body.” (Gen
to the desirability of children, whom God loves so much.
“Let the children come to me; do not prevent them,
for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these.”
to the blessings of a happy home. “Like a fruitful
vine your wife within your home, like olive plants your
children around your table.” (Ps 128:3).
Such is the good news that we proclaim as we evangelize.
Jesus came to save us, to restore us to fellowship with
the Father, to bring us back firmly to God’s eternal
plan. We “do see Jesus ‘crowned with glory and
honor’ because he suffered death” (Heb 2:9a).
Jesus died so that we might once again become part of God’s
family. And “he is not ashamed to call (us) ‘brothers’”
must we do? We choose life. We defend life. We celebrate life.
look to Almighty God who is Creator, who has an eternal plan
for us, and we live our lives in obedience to Him. “Happy
are all who fear the Lord, who walk in the ways of God.”
(Ps 128:1). When we do so, we can look to a good life, filled
with joy and prosperity. “What your hands provide you
will enjoy; you will be happy and prosper.” (Ps 128:2).
We can look to being blessed, down to the next generations.
“May the Lord bless you from Zion, all the days of your
life, that you may share
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Adobe® Digital Editions software.This eBook requires the free
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The Absolute Beginner's Guide
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The Absolute Beginner's Guide to Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2003 teaches the reader everything they need to know to create exciting personal and business presentations. Readers learn about new features such as Smart Tags and Packages, and how to create a presentation from scratch or using the design wizard. This book will make novices confident in their use of design templates, animations schemes and much more!
I. GETTING STARTED WITH POWERPOINT.1. What's the Point?
What PowerPoint Does. How Effective Is PowerPoint? PowerPoint in the Real World. What's New in PowerPoint 2003.2. PowerPoint QuickStart.
Creating Your First Title Slide. Adding Slides. Working with PowerPoint Views. Moving from Slide to Slide. Understanding the Elements of a PowerPoint Slide. Making a Presentation.3. PowerPoint Basics.
Finding Your Way Around the PowerPoint Screen. Starting with a Template. Saving and Retrieving a PowerPoint Presentation. Printing Slides from a Presentation.
II. CREATING SLIDE SHOW CONTENT.4. Organizing a Presentation.
Focusing on the Audience. Creating Content by Outlining. Using Slides from Another Slide Show.5. Working with Text Objects.
Understanding PowerPoint Slide Layers and Objects. Creating Title Boxes. Working with Bullet Boxes. Using the Spelling Checker. Using the Style Checker. Inserting Text Boxes.6. Working with Graphic Objects.
Inserting Clip Art. Inserting Bitmap Images. Saving Images Created in PowerPoint.7. Creating Drawing Objects.
Using the Drawing Toolbar. Adding Lines, Closed Shapes, and AutoShapes. Modifying and Formatting Shapes. Combining Shapes and Other Objects. Using WordArt Objects. Saving Drawing Images Created in PowerPoint.8. Organizing Information by Using Tables.
Inserting a Table in PowerPoint. Formatting Tables. Drawing a Custom Table. Importing Tables from Word or Excel.9. Presenting Numbers by Using Data Charts.
Inserting a Data Chart. An Overview of the Microsoft Graph Program. Understanding Chart Types and Purposes. Entering Chart Data. Modifying Chart Elements. Working with Charts as Objects.10. Using Diagrams and Organization Charts.
Adding a Diagram. Inserting an Organization Chart.
III. MAKING THE SLIDE SHOW ACTIVE AND INTERACTIVE.11. Animating Slide Show Objects.
Understanding What Animation Can Do. Using Preset Animation Schemes. Choosing Slide Transitions. Creating Custom Animations.12. Letting Action Settings Work for You.
Using PowerPoint to Launch Actions. Adding Action Settings to PowerPoint Objects. Creating and Modifying Action Buttons. Using Hyperlinks. Creating a Nonlinear Presentation.
IV. PREPARING AND PRESENTING THE SLIDE SHOW.13. Preparing a Slide Show for Presentation.
Using the Slide Sorter. Hiding Slides. Changing Slide Transitions. Changing Slide Backgrounds. Creating Speaker Notes. Creating Custom Slide Shows.14. Preparing to Make a Presentation.
Playing a Slide Show. Rehearsing a Presentation. Exploring Contingency Options.15. Making a Presentation.
Preparing the Room. Preparing the Equipment. Choreographing Speaker/Audience Interaction. Handling Unexpected Problems.16. Learning the Elements of Effective Presentations.
Understanding an Audience. Getting the Content Right. Capturing and Maintaining Interest. Making Color, Font, and Font Size Work for You. Getting Results from a Presentation.
V. MAKING THE SLIDE SHOW AVAILABLE IN PRINT AND ON THE WEB.17. Printing a Presentation.
Printing Slides. Printing Notes. Creating Handouts. Creating Overhead Transparencies or Film Slides.18. Publishing to the Web.
What Is a Web-Based Presentation? Modifying a Presentation for the Web. Working with Hyperlinks. Saving a Presentation As a Web Page. Transferring a Web Page to a Web Server.
VI. BEYOND THE BASICS.19. Adding Multimedia Elements.
Understanding the Uses for Multimedia. Adding Sound Objects. Adding Video Objects. Using PowerPoint as a Multimedia Manager.20. Customizing PowerPoint.
Creating Custom Templates. Setting PowerPoint Options. Customizing Toolbars and Menus.21. Looking Beyond the Basics.
A Survey of Advanced PowerPoint Features. Additional Resources.Index.
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Upper Egypt - between Esna and Aswan
West bank of Nile
|Nome||Throne of Horus - the 2nd Nome of Upper Egypt|
|Type of Settlement||Religious Center|
|Necropolis||The remains
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Upper Egypt - between Esna and Aswan
West bank of Nile
|Nome||Throne of Horus - the 2nd Nome of Upper Egypt|
|Type of Settlement||Religious Center|
|Necropolis||The remains of seven small provincial step pyramids built from red sandstone, are situated 5km north of Edfu near the village of Naga el-Goneima|
|Local deity||The falcon god Horus|
|Anc
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Robert Burns (1759-96), a popular poet from Scotland, lives again each January 25th, when millions around the world celebrate his poetry. In his poetry, Burns expresses his concern for people of the working class. He is also
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Robert Burns (1759-96), a popular poet from Scotland, lives again each January 25th, when millions around the world celebrate his poetry. In his poetry, Burns expresses his concern for people of the working class. He is also one of the first poets to question the treatment of women and children in society. Robbie Burns is best remembered for his love poetry. The following selection is one of his better-known ballads.
A Red, Red Rose, by Robert BurnsO my luve is like a red, red rose That's newly sprung in June; My love is like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. As fair art thou, my bonny lass, So deep in luve am I; And I will luve thee still, my dear, Till a' the seas gang dry. Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear, And the rocks melt wi' the sun; I will luve thee still, my dear, While the sands o' life shall run. And fare thee weel, my only love! And fare thee weel, awhile! And I will come again, my love Though it were ten thousand mile.
Christina Georgina Rossetti (1830-94) is a well-known poet of the Victorian period. She was acclaimed for her poetic skill and distinctive style. Some recurrent themes in her poetry are of unhappy, delayed, or frustrated love. “A Birthday,” one of her best known poems, has a more positive theme.
A Birthday by Christina RossettiMy heart is like a singing bird Whose nest is in a water'd shoot; My heart is like an apple-tree Whose boughs are bent with thick-set fruit; My heart is like a rainbow shell That paddles in a halcyon sea; My heart is gladder than all these, Because my love is come to me. Raise me a daïs of silk and down; Hang it with vair and purple dyes; Carve it in doves and pomegranates, And peacocks with a hundred eyes; Work it in gold and silver grapes, In leaves and silver fleurs-de-lys; Because the birthday of my life Is come, my love is come to me.
- Burns and Rossetti both use a common literary technique, the metaphor, to describe feelings of love. Identify and discuss the similarities and the differences between the two poems.
- What effect does the repetition of the phrases create in the poems? Do you like the effect that is created? Why or why not?
- Choose your own personal metaphor for describing love. Write a poem, song, or short narrative or create a collage of images which incorporates your metaphor for love.
©2011 Mr. D. Sader | snowflakes | All Rights Reserved
Original post by Mr. D. Sader
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The Bayeux Tapestry, an ancestor of the strip cartoon, is an embroidery showing on a continuous linen band over 230 feet long, details of the invasion of England by William the Conqueror in 1066. Its manufacture was
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The Bayeux Tapestry, an ancestor of the strip cartoon, is an embroidery showing on a continuous linen band over 230 feet long, details of the invasion of England by William the Conqueror in 1066. Its manufacture was probably ordered by William's half brother, Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, who is pictured on it. The tapestry's existence is first recorded in 1476. It was produced once a year as a decoration in Bayeux Cathedral. The first reproduction dates from 1730.
There is general agreement that the tapestry, in worsted wool of eight colors was made soon after the Conquest. Its description of events tallies well with what is known of the Battle of Hastings. The tapestry is also noted for its decorative borders, which include figures from Aesop's fables and farming and hunting scenes.
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The first definition for collaboration that appeared when I clicked on Google was "to work with another person or group in order to achieve something". In the case of student/teacher collaboration, that "something" worth achieving is substantive, meaningful learning. The
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The first definition for collaboration that appeared when I clicked on Google was "to work with another person or group in order to achieve something". In the case of student/teacher collaboration, that "something" worth achieving is substantive, meaningful learning. The ideal collaboration between students and me would mean we share the same goals. Or our goals should overlap enough that we know that whatever we are doing is related to both our objectives.
As the teacher, I am obligated to meet certain learning objectives (read about my metaphor for teaching). I have to help students see the relevance of those objectives and particular lessons. I'm not saying students don't need to bring a sense of purpose to our classes. They do! Often, however, those purposes are quite general, based on limited experience with college, and quite different than what we as professors have.
Clarifying how the learning objectives I'm assigned to teach may be important to the students' lives, academic or otherwise remains largely my responsibility. That relevance may not be readily apparent to students. This is particularly true of students, first-year and first-generation college students, who aren't familiar enough with the material nor the skills we teach to know how the assigned objectives are linked to their own goals and majors, which are often hazy and undecided for first-year students.
The same holds true for the way we work together, that is, our different expectations about the roles students and teachers play in teaching and learning.
I'm basically rehearsing the big point of Rebecca Cox's book The College Fear Factor. Cox uses anecdotes and research to show that students and professors expectations about learning do not match. At all. Many students expect professors to be a font of knowledge who will fill their brains with data, concepts, and information. This makes the students primary job one of a recorder, someone waiting to be imprinted with knowledge, as in, "What's the right answer?"
Professors, the ones I respect and do my best to emulate, certainly value the type of conceptual knowledge students expect to acquire. But we are also deeply invested in procedural knowledge. We'd like to be "guides-on-the-side" who facilitate students through the process of evaluating, manipulating, and applying that conceptual knowledge. This means we see ourselves not as sentient encyclopedias full of information. instead, we see ourselves as coaches.
That's the distinction. Students may see professors as walking Wikipedias, brimming with discreet unit of knowledge, like cash, that can be excha
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WEDNESDAY, Dec. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Americans will face many more record-breaking hot days later this century if greenhouse gases continue to be pumped into the atmosphere at current levels, a new U.S
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WEDNESDAY, Dec. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Americans will face many more record-breaking hot days later this century if greenhouse gases continue to be pumped into the atmosphere at current levels, a new U.S. study warns.
Scientists using computer modeling predict about 15 daily record-high temperatures for every record-low by about 2065 if no action is taken. That ratio could jump further if climate change-causing greenhouse gas emissions rise, the study from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) predicts.
In comparison, the ratio of record-high temperatures to record-lows has averaged about two to one over the last decade, according to the study authors.
"More and more frequently, climate change will affect Americans with record-setting heat," lead author Gerald Meehl said in a NCAR news release. He's a senior scientist at the research center.
The 15-to-1 ratio of record highs to lows is based on temperatures across the continental United States rising by just over 3 degrees Celsius (5.4 degrees Fahrenheit) from recent years. That's about the amount of warming expected to occur with the current rate of greenhouse gas emissions, the researchers said.
"An increase in average temperatures of a few degrees may not seem like much, but it correlates with a noticeable increase in days that are hotter than any in the record, and nights that will remain warmer than we've ever experienced in the past," Meehl said.
Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. They come from a variety of everyday activities in developed countries, such as driving, using electricity and heating homes.
If greenhouse gas emissions continue to expand and cause temperatures in the United States to rise more than 4 degrees C (7.2 degrees F), there could be 38 record highs for every record low, the researchers said.
"Every degree of warming makes a substantial amount of difference, with the ratio of record highs to record lows becoming much greater," Meehl said.
"Even with much warmer temperatures on average, we will still have winter and we will still get record-cold temperatures, but the numbers of those will be really small compared to record-high maximums," he explained.
These findings are a stark reminder of how U.S. temperatures have been shifting and continue to do so, said study co-author Claudia Tebaldi.
"These changes pose adaptation challenges to both human and natural systems," Tebaldi said. "Only a substantial mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions may stop this increase, or at least slow down its pace."
The study results were published Dec. 6 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The World Health Organization explains the health threats posed by climate change.
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Dogs yawn along with their owners, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Tokyo in Japan. They found dogs are more likely to yawn with their owner than with strangers.
The team tested 25 dogs and recorded their
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Dogs yawn along with their owners, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Tokyo in Japan. They found dogs are more likely to yawn with their owner than with strangers.
The team tested 25 dogs and recorded their heart rates as they yawned with their owners and as they yawned with strangers. They saw dogs responding more frequently with familiar humans. Dogs also reacted differently to fake yawns created by controlled mouth movements.
"Similarly to humans, in both species the closer the social bond between individuals, the more likely they would yawn when the other yawned," the researchers said in their study, published in the peer-reviewed science journal PLOS ONE.
A previous study had found that dogs' yawns were related to stress, whereas the new study showed heart rates in dogs to be stable.
According to the scientists, the new findings were indicative of dogs' ability to empathize with humans, especially with their owners.
Contagious yawning is also noted in humans and primates. About 45 to 60 percent of human adults are affected by other people's yawns, according to the study.
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Cosmetics and the painting of one’s eyes is nothing new. The photo below shows a Palm-column flask and kohl stick displayed in Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts. The item is said to date between 1386 and 1212 B
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Cosmetics and the painting of one’s eyes is nothing new. The photo below shows a Palm-column flask and kohl stick displayed in Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts. The item is said to date between 1386 and 1212 B.C. Information with the item says,
The palm-column flask is one of the best represented types of glass vessels from the New Kingdom. It served as a container for the cosmetic kohl, or eyepaint, made of ground galena mixed with fat or resin and applied to the lids with the slender glass rod.
It was centuries later when Jehu came to see Jezebel at Jezreel. Jezebel, the widow of King Ahab, wanted to make a good appearances on Jehu.
When Jehu came to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it. And she painted her eyes and adorned her head and looked out of the window. (2 Kings 9:30 ESV)
Perhaps Jezebel did not know that she was preparing herself for her death.
The prophets also spoke of this practice, but not in a complimentary way, in Jeremiah 4:30 and Ezekiel 23:40.
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In June of 1989 China was a nation in the midst of social and political upheaval, caught between the younger generation's desire for democracy and economic freedom on one hand and the Deng Xiaoping government's determination to preserve Communist rule on the
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In June of 1989 China was a nation in the midst of social and political upheaval, caught between the younger generation's desire for democracy and economic freedom on one hand and the Deng Xiaoping government's determination to preserve Communist rule on the other. The entire country seemed to be in a kind of stasis as Deng's regime tried to find a way to balance these conflicting desires in its response to the mass demonstrations in Beijing's Tienanmen Square; around the world heads of state, intelligence analysts and ordinary people alike were holding their breath as they waited to see how the standoff would be resolved.
One of those waiting to find out where the chips would fall was Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, whose own nation was in the midst of political and economic change that summer. He had many concerns in regard to the Tienanmen Square situation, not the least of which was the distinct(if slim) possibility the upheaval in China might lead to a renewal of the old Siberian border antagonisms between Moscow and Beijing that had pushed both governments to the brink of war in 1969.
Another was US President George H.W. Bush, then six months into his term as commander-in-chief. He was concerned that the turmoil then besieging the Middle Kingdom might expand to engulf Japan and South Korea, both vital U.S. allies.
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The sugarcane beetle, Euetheola humilis, is found throughout the South. First reported as a pest of sugarcane in Louisiana in 1880, it is considered an occasional pest of field corn, rice and sweet potato
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The sugarcane beetle, Euetheola humilis, is found throughout the South. First reported as a pest of sugarcane in Louisiana in 1880, it is considered an occasional pest of field corn, rice and sweet potato. In recent years it appears to be becoming an increasingly important pest in Louisiana and Mississippi. In Texas I have received increasing reports of this beetle from unusual urban situations. Schools have reported damage occurring to running tracks. Businesses have reported damage to caulking in sidewalks and around doors of buildings and, last year, a car dealership reported beetles digging their way into rubber seals on recreational vehicles in a sales lot.
|Black piles of sugarcane beetles at high school running track, Paris, TX. September 13, 2010. |
Photo by Sam Adams, Pogue Construction
Such infestations seem to be sporadic, as these beetles are not abundant in all years; but when they are, they are showing themselves to be a formidable pest. Like crickets and many other occasional pests, sugarcane beetles are attracted to lights at night. When sun comes up, the beetles' natural instinct is to get out of the light. What makes this species different is its persistence, ability and strength to dig through rubbers and caulks and other usually tough building materials.
|Sugarcane beetles lift a rubberized running track off its cement base |
via their digging activities.
The only good news about this situation is that such
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Modules is a new feature in Canvas, this guide will give a brief review of you can use and create modules in your course.
Modules can provide a better flow of the content used in the course, and a better way to organize different kind of
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Modules is a new feature in Canvas, this guide will give a brief review of you can use and create modules in your course.
Modules can provide a better flow of the content used in the course, and a better way to organize different kind of files, assignments and tests.
If you want additional information visit the Canvas Guides on their webpage: Canvas Module Guides
How should the modules be used?
Modules can be organized in several different ways. For instance they can be organized per week, or per chapter/topic.
Each module can contain different kind of content such as files, discussions, assignments and tests.
An example of organize weekly in a course.
Be aware of that files you upload to your modules also will be available through the “Files” tab.
How to create modules?
1. Go to “Modules” in the navigationbar within your course. Create a new module either by clicking “Create a new module” or “+ Module” at the top right corner.
2. You can now make a new of you module, you can also choose to lock the module until a certain date.
The module is now created, and you can start adding content by klikking the + button on the right side.
3. In the module you can choose from several different items. If you have uploaded files or added assignments earlier, you will be able to insert these into the module.
If you have not previously created content, you can add it later in the different categories in the subject.
4. After you have added content you can click the wheel to edit, move or delete content.
5. Remember that elements also needs to be published in order for the student to see it.
If an element has a grey symbol with a cross, it is not published. You can click the symbol to publish it, and it will turn green.
There is also an introduction video for modules in Canvas that goes through much of the same as shown here:
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For many years I have studied Martial Arts and traditional weapons, from the practical self-defense and combat oriented aspect to the historical and theoretical point of view. Man has turned killing into an art form and a science as important to their development as literature or
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For many years I have studied Martial Arts and traditional weapons, from the practical self-defense and combat oriented aspect to the historical and theoretical point of view. Man has turned killing into an art form and a science as important to their development as literature or architecture. In some cultures it was actually fashionable to carry weapons while others limited their access to only a select few as a status symbol.
Every time I hear about the debated over right to bear arms, open- carry, and how this dissuades violence, I am reminded of the Renaissance, were all gentlemen would have a dress sword as part of their attire. Can you guess how men would solve most conflicts at that time? Duels, lots of them. Dueling became so popular th
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But unbridled enthusiasm for ETs has obscured the obvious. Liquid water is a necessary condition for life, but not nearly a sufficient one. Life doesn’t just spring up spontaneously out of water. It’s not as if life has only one
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But unbridled enthusiasm for ETs has obscured the obvious. Liquid water is a necessary condition for life, but not nearly a sufficient one. Life doesn’t just spring up spontaneously out of water. It’s not as if life has only one instruction in its recipe: “Just add water.” In fact, what is striking is not that Mars once had lots of liquid water on its surface, but that, although it was probably bathed by Earthly microbes during the same time, there’s no evidence that life prospered on the Red Planet. That’s the most important but almost overlooked lesson of our study of Mars.
Consider how our expectations for Mars have diminished in the last century. In 1908, H.G. Wells published a non-fiction article in Cosmopolitan magazine about the civilization that he thought
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Somewhere between the time of early hunter-gatherer humans, and the present-day humans living in modernized Western societies, the human gut biome lost much of its diversity. New research has contributed another clue as to the evolution of the human gut
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Somewhere between the time of early hunter-gatherer humans, and the present-day humans living in modernized Western societies, the human gut biome lost much of its diversity. New research has contributed another clue as to the evolution of the human gut biome.
An international team of scientists studied the fecal samples of an intermediary group between hunter-gatherers and Westernized humans. The Bantu community in Africa is a traditional, agricultural population that has incorporated some available Western practices, including the use of antibiotics and therapeutic drugs.
The scientists compared the Bantu gut biomes to those of the BaAka pygmy population, who resemble early hunter-gatherer populations and have no Western influences, and to the gut biomes of humans living in modern, Westernized societies.
By analyzing the sequence data of the three human biomes, the scientists placed the Bantu’s biome composition in between the BaAka’s and Westernized humans’. The Bantu shared similar bacterial species as the BaAka, but lacked many of the traditional bacteria that the BaAka possessed. In fact, the BaAka had such a different biome composition that their gut more closely resembled wild primate biomes!
Based on the functions of the variable bacterial groups between the three populations, the team hypothesizes that the boosted carbohydrate-processing pathways in Bantu and American biomes is a result of the sugars in our diet, whereas the BaAka do not have much access to such foods and thus do not have such bacterial populations.
Ultimately, the scientists have accepted that our diet contributes significantly to our gut biome composition.
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In the past several decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of individuals requiring substantial pain relief. Pharmaceuticals answered the call by synthesizing a variety of pain relievers that have clearly paved the way for greater freedom from pain. Unfortunately,
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In the past several decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of individuals requiring substantial pain relief. Pharmaceuticals answered the call by synthesizing a variety of pain relievers that have clearly paved the way for greater freedom from pain. Unfortunately, many of these substances eventually led to the development of an entirely different kind of addiction – painkiller addiction – and the resultant increase in the need to have this type of addiction treated in a very methodical and evidence-based approach.
Pain management is a very crucial aspect of today’s health care. This is one of the cornerstones of hospice care as well as end-of-life care. However, many of today’s disease conditions result in a variety of pain syndromes; hence, the need for a more effective pain management. It is thus, no secret that one of the most inherent needs of man today is freedom from pain. While the growth of pain management protocols has clearly spurred the development of novel and truly effective pharmaceuticals, the overdependence and over-reliance of man in these medications have resulted in over-prescription.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published a report saying that the total number of prescription analgesics that was available in the market in 2010 was more than enough to provide pain relief to every single American adult for not less than a month. Pharmaceutical companies continue to create more tamper-proof preparations of these medications and while they have, time and again, assured the public that these medications are safe when used as instructed by a medical professional, the main issue is in the inherent tendency of some individuals to misuse the drug primarily for its other effects.
An Increasing Trend in Painkiller Addictions
Drug misuse is the most often cited reason for abusing narcotic painkillers. This is the use of the medication for purposes other than its indications. For example, painkillers are known to provide short-term relief for moderate to severe pain; hence, its therapeutic indication is for pain. However, because it also has effects other than pain relief, namely relaxation and euphoria, people use these drugs primarily for its euphoric and relaxing effects. These do not match the therapeutic indication of the painkiller. As such, it is considered as gross misuse of the painkiller.
The main issue however, is that since painkillers are readily available with a valid prescription, individuals taking them may give these medications to their friends or even family members even if they clearly don’t have a need for such medications. In worst cases, individuals have been known to sell their prescription painkillers knowing that it’s a lot easier for them to obtain a prescription for it from their doctors.
One particular report showed that 2 out of 5 individuals who are addicted to painkiller obtained their supply from family members or friends, often without spending a dime. One out of 5 painkiller addicts bought their supply from relatives or friends. These statistics show that abusing narcotic analgesics is not really a difficult thing to do as the substance is readily available.
Why are Certain Painkillers Addictive?
Many of today’s painkillers have components that belong to a family of substances known as opiates. In the brain, there are opiate receptors that serve to block pain impulses while also providing a relaxing or calming effect. When these painkillers are consumed, their ingredients bind to these receptors in the brain to alleviate pain and give a more pleasurable sensation. For those who are addicted to it, it’s not so much the pain relief that they’re after but rather the euphoria. Additionally, tampering with the presentation of the painkiller greatly increases the intensity of the effects.
Building Tolerance to Painkillers
Over time, the opiate receptors will already be numbed by the constant surge of painkiller substances. This halts the natural production of neurotransmitters that would have provided the same pleasurable sensations as well as pain relief. Because of the receptor-numbing effect of these substances, the body will need sufficiently increasing doses of the drug because the receptors have grown tolerant of the presence of such molecules. To achieve the desired effect, individuals have to increase their dose or the frequency of intake or even both. Unfortunately, doing so only numbs the receptors even more, further fueling the vicious cycle. Hence, the person can be said to have grown dependent on the drug.
Withdrawal Symptoms and the Need for Treatment
If the person is unable to sustain the levels of the drugs needed to elicit the desired effect, the body goes into withdrawal symptoms. While some may have mild symptoms, others are not so lucky. Many of those who experience severe withdrawal symptoms often end up in critical care units. This underscores the need for a very methodical approach to the management of withdrawal symptoms that can only be provided in the right painkiller addiction treatment center.
The withdrawal symptoms includ
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Raw milk skips the commercial chain of pasteurization and homogenization, and many proponents drink to the promise of a purer, less processed food. But the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has long warned that the consumption of
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Raw milk skips the commercial chain of pasteurization and homogenization, and many proponents drink to the promise of a purer, less processed food. But the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has long warned that the consumption of raw milk, which poses serious risks to Americans' health, is nothing more than a misguided health trend. Now, a new report from the agency shows that the yearly number of outbreaks from raw milk is increasing.
Nearly 1,000 people were sickened from raw milk outbreaks from 2007-2012, the report says, and 73 went to the hospital. The new study shows there were an average of 13 outbreaks per year from disease-causing bacteria that can be present in unpasteurized milk between the years 2007-2012, with 81 total outbreaks in 26 states.
That rate has quadrupled since 1993-2006, the data set used when CDC last studied the subject. That time period saw only three outbreaks per year.
Some advocates have argued raw milk is a solution for people who are lactose intolerant, but the CDC and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says this is untrue.
"I think there are a lot of people [who are part of] this back-to-nature movement, wanting to support local farms and eat organically. I think the raw milk movement has emerged as part of that," says CDC epidemiologist Hannah Gould. But because it's not pasteurized, raw milk can be dangerous. Bacteria like salmonella, E. coli and Campylobacter can all be found in raw milk, and you'd have to heat it to 161 °F for about 20 seconds to kill it off, says the CDC. One of the CDC's awareness campaign shows a raw milk horror story from a mother who fed it to her son, than saw him go into kidney failure and be placed on a ventilator.
In 1987, the FDA banned interstate sale or distribution of unpasteurized milk, but states set their own laws when it comes to what can be sold in-state. Currently, 30 states allow the legal sale of raw milk, and since 2004, eight new states have allowed the sale. The new data shows more than 80% of the outbreaks tallied in the new report occurred in states where selling raw milk is allowed.
"As states continue to legalize raw milk, I would expect it’s likely we will see more outbreaks and illnesses associated with it," says Gould. "When we see something happening like this huge increase in the number of outbreaks caused by raw milk, we try to put out the message that this going on, and provide that information to state legislators trying to make decisions about raw milk as well as alert consumers to the risks."
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In order to choose the right elements for your solar energy system (your solar electric array, stuff batteries, inverter, water pump, etc), you must begin with what your personal energy demands are going to be.
- Whether you are using a
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In order to choose the right elements for your solar energy system (your solar electric array, stuff batteries, inverter, water pump, etc), you must begin with what your personal energy demands are going to be.
- Whether you are using a grid tie-in system (you will still have access to electricity from the power company) or a stand-alone solar energy system (you will supply all your own power)
- The availability of sunshine in your particular location
- Your ability to use energy wisely–to conserve and exercise efficiency (especially in periods of extended cloudy weather). Using the most efficient appliances and using them when you really need them will keep the cost of your system down.
Make a list of all your electrical appliances, DC and AC if an inverter[link to explanation] is in your plans. Most AC appliances have their ratings on a tag in the back of the appliance. They are usually rated for the maximum potential of energy use, so the actual operating wattage may be only half as much.
If you plan to use a stand-alone system
For success in using a dependable yet small amount of energy delivered free every day, you have to live within your means. The following is a review of common household appliances (courtesy of Alternative Energy Engineering). Read this before estimating your energy demand.
Cooking, heating and cooling:
Conventional electric cooking appliances, space heating and water heating equipment use a prohibitive amount of electricity. Electric ranges use 1500 watts or more per burner, so bottIed propane or natural gas is a popular alternative for cooking. A large microwave oven has about the same power draw, but since food cooks much more quickly, the number of kilowatt hours used may not be too large. Propane and wood are popular alternatives for space heating. Good passive solar design and proper insulation can reduce the need for heat. For home cooling, central air conditioning uses a prohibitive amount of energy, though in a large system a small AC window unit may suffice on a very limited basis. Evaporative cooling is a more reasonable load in locations with low-to-moderate humidity. Appropriately placed fans will keep air moving in the house. A solar cooling plus: the largest amount of solar energy is usually available when the temperature is the highest.
Lighting requires the most study, since so many options exist in type, size, voltage and placement. The type of lighting that is best for one system may not be right for another. The first decision is whether your lig
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