jbp123/hello · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringlengths 1 84	input stringlengths 1 85	output stringlengths 1 83
(f) Joint Committee on Fertilizer Pricing	(g) Joint Committee to Enquire into Irregularities in	Securities and Banking Transactions
(h) Joint Committee on Stock Market Scam	(i) Joint Committee on Security in Parliament Complex	(j) Committee on Provision of Computers to Members of
Parliament, Offices of Political Parties and Officers of the	Lok Sabha Secretariat	(k) Committee on Food Management in Parliament House
Complex	(l) Committee on Installation of Portraits / Statues of	National Leaders and Parliamentarians in Parliament
House Complex	(m) Joint Committee on Maintenance of Heritage Character	and Development of Parliament House Complex
(n) Committee on Violation of Protocol Norms and	Contemptuous Behaviour of Government Officers with	Members of Lok Sabha
(o) Joint Committee to Examine Matters Relating to	Allocation and Pricing of Telecom Licences and	Spectrum
2. Advisory Committees include select or joint committees on	bills, which are appointed to consider and report on	particular bills. These committees are distinguishable from
the other ad hoc committees in as much as they are	concerned with bills and the procedure to be followed by	them is laid down in the Rules of Procedure and the
Directions by the Speaker / Chairman.	When a Bill comes up before a House for general discussion, it	is open to that House to refer it to a Select Committee of the
House or a Joint Committee of the two Houses. A motion to this	effect has to be moved and adopted in the House in which the Bill	comes up for consideration. In case the motion adopted is for
reference of the Bill to a Joint Committee, the decision is	conveyed to the other House, requesting the members to	nominate members of the other House to serve on the Committee.
The Select or Joint Committee considers the Bill clause by	clause just as the two Houses do. Amendments to various clauses	can be moved by members of the Committee. The Committee can
also take evidence of associations, public bodies or experts who	are interested in the Bill. After the Bill has thus been considered,	the Committee submits its report to the House. Members who do
FINANCIAL COMMITTEES	Public Accounts Committee	This committee was set up first in 1921 under the provisions of the
Government of India Act of 1919 and has since been in existence.	At present, it consists of 22 members (15 from the Lok Sabha and	7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members are elected by the
Parliament every year from amongst its members according to the	principle of proportional representation by means of the single	transferable vote. Thus, all parties get due representation in it.
The term of office of the members is one year. A minister cannot	be elected as a member of the committee. The chairman of the	committee is appointed from amongst its members by the
Speaker. Until 1966 - ‘67, the chairman of the committee belonged	to the ruling party. However, since 1967 a convention has	developed whereby the chairman of the committee is selected
invariably from the Opposition.	The function of the committee is to examine the annual audit	reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG),
which are laid before the Parliament by the President. The CAG	submits three audit reports to the President, namely, audit report	on appropriation accounts, audit report on finance accounts and
audit report on public undertakings.	The committee examines public expenditure not only from legal	and formal point of view to discover technical irregularities but
also from the point of view of economy, prudence, wisdom and	propriety to bring out the cases of waste, loss, corruption,	extravagance, inefficiency and nugatory expenses.
In more detail, the functions of the committee are:	1. To examine the appropriation accounts and the finance	accounts of the Union government and any other accounts
laid before the Lok Sabha. The appropriation accounts	compare the actual expenditure with the expenditure	sanctioned by the Parliament through the Appropriation Act,
2. In scrutinising the appropriation accounts and the audit	report of CAG on it, the committee has to satisfy itself that	(a) The money that has been disbursed was legally
available for the applied service or purpose	(b) The expenditure conforms to the authority that governs it	(c) Every re-appropriation has been made in accordance
with the related rules	3. To examine the accounts of state corporations, trading	concerns and manufacturing projects and the audit report of
CAG on them (except those public undertakings which are	allotted to the Committee on Public Undertakings)	4. To examine the accounts of autonomous and semi-
autonomous bodies, the audit of which is conducted by the	CAG	5. To consider the report of the CAG relating to the audit of any
receipt or to examine the accounts of stores and stocks	6. To examine the money spent on any service during a	financial year in excess of the amount granted by the Lok
Sabha for that purpose	In the fulfillment of the above functions, the committee is	assisted by the CAG. In fact, the CAG acts as a guide, friend and
philosopher of the committee.	On the role played by the committee, Ashok Chanda (who	himself has been a CAG of India) observed: “Over a period of
years, the committee has entirely fulfilled the expectation that it	should develop into a powerful force in the control of public	expenditure. It may be claimed that the traditions established and
conventions developed by the Public Accounts Committee	conform to the highest traditions of a parliamentary democracy.”5	However, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is
limited by the following:	(a) It is not concerned with the questions of policy in broader	sense.
(b) It conducts a post-mortem examination of accounts (showing	the expenditure already incurred).	(c) It cannot intervene in the matters of day-to-day
(d) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on the	ministries.	(e) It is not vested with the power of disallowance of
expenditures by the departments.	(f) It is not an executive body and hence, cannot issue an order.	Only the Parliament can take a final decision on its findings.
Estimates Committee	The origin of this committee can be traced to the standing	financial committee set up in 1921. The first Estimates Committee
in the post-independence era was constituted in 1950 on the	recommendation of John Mathai, the then finance minister.	Originally, it had 25 members but in 1956 its membership was
raised to 30. All the thirty members are from Lok Sabha only. The	Rajya Sabha has no representation in this committee. These	members are elected by the Lok Sabha every year from amongst
its own members, according to the principles of proportional	representation by means of a single transferable vote. Thus, all	parties get due representation in it. The term of office is one year.
A minister cannot be elected as a member of the committee. The	chairman of the committee is appointed by the Speaker from	amongst its members and he is invariably from the ruling party.
The function of the committee is to examine the estimates	included in the budget and suggest ‘economies’ in public	expenditure. Hence, it has been described as a ‘continuous
economy committee’.	In more detail, the functions of the committee are:	1. To report what economies, improvements in organisation,
efficiency and administrative reform consistent with the	policy underlying the estimates, can be affected	2. To suggest alternative policies in order to bring about
efficiency and economy in administration	3. To examine whether the money is well laid out within the	limits of the policy implied in the estimates
4. To suggest the form in which the estimates are to be	presented to Parliament	The Committee shall not exercise its functions in relation to
Public Undertakings. The Committee may continue the	examination of the estimates from time to time, throughout the	financial year and report to the House as its examination
proceeds. It shall not be incumbent on the Committee to examine	the entire estimates of any one year. The demands for grants may	be finally voted despite the fact that the Committee has made no
report.	However, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is	limited by the following:
(a) It examines the budget estimates only after they have been	voted by the Parliament, and not before that.	(b) It cannot question the policy laid down by the Parliament.
(c) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on the	ministries.	(d) It examines every year only certain selected ministries and
departments. Thus, by rotation, it would cover all of them	over a number of years.	(e) It lacks the expert assistance of the CAG which is available
to the Public Accounts Committee.	(f) Its work is in the nature of a postmortem.	Committee on Public Undertakings
This committee was created in 1964 on the recommendation of	the Krishna Menon Committee. Originally, it had 15 members (10	from the Lok Sabha and 5 from the Rajya Sabha). However, in
1974, its membership was raised to 22 (15 from the Lok Sabha	and 7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members of this committee are	elected by the Parliament every year from amongst its own
members according to the principle of proportional representation	by means of a single transferable vote. Thus, all parties get due	representation in it. The term of office of the members is one year.
A minister cannot be elected as a member of the committee. The	chairman of the committee is appointed by the Speaker from	amongst its members who are drawn from the Lok Sabha only.
Thus, the members of the committee who are from the Rajya	Sabha cannot be appointed as the chairman.	The functions of the committee are:
2. To examine the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor	General on public undertakings	3. To examine (in the context of autonomy and efficiency of
public undertakings) whether the affairs of the public	undertakings are being managed in accordance with sound	business principles and prudent commercial practices
4. To exercise such other functions vested in the public	accounts committee and the estimates committee in relation	to public undertakings which are allotted to it by the Speaker
from time to time	The committee is not to examine and investigate any of the	following:
(i) Matters of major government policy as distinct from business	or commercial functions of the public undertakings	(ii) Matters of day-to-day administration
(iii) Matters for the consideration of which machinery is	established by any special statute under which a particular	public undertaking is established
Further, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is limited	by the following:	(a) It cannot take up the examination of more than ten to
twelve public undertakings in a year.	(b) Its work is in the nature of a post-mortem.	(c) It does not look into technical matters as its members
are not technical experts.	(d) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on	the ministries.
DEPARTMENTAL STANDING COMMITTEES	On the recommendation of the Rules Committee of the Lok	Sabha, 17 Departmentally-Related Standing Committees
(DRSCs) were set up in the Parliament in 1993.6 In 2004, seven	more such committees were setup, thus increasing their number	from 17 to 24.
The main objective of the standing committees is to secure	more accountability of the Executive (i.e., the Council of Ministers)	to the Parliament, particularly financial accountability. They also
assist the Parliament in debating the budget more effectively.7	The 24 standing committees cover under their jurisdiction all	the ministries / departments of the Central Government.
Each standing committee consists of 31 members (21 from Lok	Sabha and 10 from Rajya Sabha). The members of the Lok	Sabha are nominated by the Speaker from amongst its own
members, just as the members of the Rajya Sabha are nominated	by the Chairman from amongst its members.8	A minister is not eligible to be nominated as a member of any of
the standing committees. In case a member, after his nomination	to any of the standing committees, is appointed a minister, he then	ceases to be a member of the committee.
The term of office of each standing committee is one year from	the date of its constitution.	Out of the 24 standing committees, 8 work under the Rajya
Sabha and 16 under the Lok Sabha.9	The 24 standing committees and the ministries / departments	placed under their jurisdiction are shown below in Table 23.1.
The functions of each of the standing committees are:	1. To consider the demands for grants of the concerned	ministries / departments before they are discussed and
voted in the Lok Sabha. Its report should not suggest	anything of the nature of cut motions	2. To examine bills pertaining to the concerned ministries /
4. To consider national basic long-term policy documents	presented to the Houses	The following limitations are imposed on the functioning of
these standing committees:	(i) They should not consider the matters of day-to-day	administration of the concerned ministries / departments.
Table 23.1 Departmental Standing Committees and their	Jurisdiction (2019)	Sl.No. Name of the Committees Ministries / Departments
Covered	I. Committees under Rajya Sabha	1. Committee on Commerce Commerce and Industry
2. Committee on Home Affairs (1) Home Affairs	(2) Development of North-	Eastern Region
3. Committee on Human (1) Human Resource	Resource Development Development	(2) Youth Affairs and
Sports	(3) Women and Child	Development
4. Committee on Industry (1) Heavy Industries and	Public Enterprises	(2) Micro, Small and
Medium Enterprises	5. Committee on Science & (1) Science and	Technology, Environment & Technology
Forests (2) Space	(3) Earth Sciences	(4) Atomic Energy
(5) Environment, Forests	and Climate Change	6. Committee on Transport, (1) Civil Aviation
(2) Road Transport &	Highways	(3) Shipping
(4) Culture	(5) Tourism	7. Committee on Health & (1) Health and Family
Family Welfare Welfare	(2) Ayurveda, Yoga and	Naturopathy, Unani,
Siddha and	Homoeopathy (AYUSH)	8. Committee on Personnel, (1) Law and Justice
Public Grievances, Law and (2) Personnel, Public	Justice Grievances and	Pensions
II. Committees under Lok Sabha	9. Committee on Agriculture (1) Agriculture and	Farmers’ Welfare
(2) Fisheries, Animal	Husbandry and Dairing	(3) Food Processing
Industries	10. Committee on Information (1) Communication	Technology (2) Electronics &

(f) Joint Committee on Fertilizer Pricing

(g) Joint Committee to Enquire into Irregularities in

Securities and Banking Transactions

(h) Joint Committee on Stock Market Scam

(i) Joint Committee on Security in Parliament Complex

(j) Committee on Provision of Computers to Members of

Parliament, Offices of Political Parties and Officers of the

Lok Sabha Secretariat

(k) Committee on Food Management in Parliament House

Complex

(l) Committee on Installation of Portraits / Statues of

National Leaders and Parliamentarians in Parliament

House Complex

(m) Joint Committee on Maintenance of Heritage Character

and Development of Parliament House Complex

(n) Committee on Violation of Protocol Norms and

Contemptuous Behaviour of Government Officers with

Members of Lok Sabha

(o) Joint Committee to Examine Matters Relating to

Allocation and Pricing of Telecom Licences and

Spectrum

2. Advisory Committees include select or joint committees on

bills, which are appointed to consider and report on

particular bills. These committees are distinguishable from

the other ad hoc committees in as much as they are

concerned with bills and the procedure to be followed by

them is laid down in the Rules of Procedure and the

Directions by the Speaker / Chairman.

When a Bill comes up before a House for general discussion, it

is open to that House to refer it to a Select Committee of the

House or a Joint Committee of the two Houses. A motion to this

effect has to be moved and adopted in the House in which the Bill

comes up for consideration. In case the motion adopted is for

reference of the Bill to a Joint Committee, the decision is

conveyed to the other House, requesting the members to

nominate members of the other House to serve on the Committee.

The Select or Joint Committee considers the Bill clause by

clause just as the two Houses do. Amendments to various clauses

can be moved by members of the Committee. The Committee can

also take evidence of associations, public bodies or experts who

are interested in the Bill. After the Bill has thus been considered,

the Committee submits its report to the House. Members who do

FINANCIAL COMMITTEES

Public Accounts Committee

This committee was set up first in 1921 under the provisions of the

Government of India Act of 1919 and has since been in existence.

At present, it consists of 22 members (15 from the Lok Sabha and

7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members are elected by the

Parliament every year from amongst its members according to the

principle of proportional representation by means of the single

transferable vote. Thus, all parties get due representation in it.

The term of office of the members is one year. A minister cannot

be elected as a member of the committee. The chairman of the

committee is appointed from amongst its members by the

Speaker. Until 1966 - ‘67, the chairman of the committee belonged

to the ruling party. However, since 1967 a convention has

developed whereby the chairman of the committee is selected

invariably from the Opposition.

The function of the committee is to examine the annual audit

reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG),

which are laid before the Parliament by the President. The CAG

submits three audit reports to the President, namely, audit report

on appropriation accounts, audit report on finance accounts and

audit report on public undertakings.

The committee examines public expenditure not only from legal

and formal point of view to discover technical irregularities but

also from the point of view of economy, prudence, wisdom and

propriety to bring out the cases of waste, loss, corruption,

extravagance, inefficiency and nugatory expenses.

In more detail, the functions of the committee are:

1. To examine the appropriation accounts and the finance

accounts of the Union government and any other accounts

laid before the Lok Sabha. The appropriation accounts

compare the actual expenditure with the expenditure

sanctioned by the Parliament through the Appropriation Act,

2. In scrutinising the appropriation accounts and the audit

report of CAG on it, the committee has to satisfy itself that

(a) The money that has been disbursed was legally

available for the applied service or purpose

(b) The expenditure conforms to the authority that governs it

(c) Every re-appropriation has been made in accordance

with the related rules

3. To examine the accounts of state corporations, trading

concerns and manufacturing projects and the audit report of

CAG on them (except those public undertakings which are

allotted to the Committee on Public Undertakings)

4. To examine the accounts of autonomous and semi-

autonomous bodies, the audit of which is conducted by the

CAG

5. To consider the report of the CAG relating to the audit of any

receipt or to examine the accounts of stores and stocks

6. To examine the money spent on any service during a

financial year in excess of the amount granted by the Lok

Sabha for that purpose

In the fulfillment of the above functions, the committee is

assisted by the CAG. In fact, the CAG acts as a guide, friend and

philosopher of the committee.

On the role played by the committee, Ashok Chanda (who

himself has been a CAG of India) observed: “Over a period of

years, the committee has entirely fulfilled the expectation that it

should develop into a powerful force in the control of public

expenditure. It may be claimed that the traditions established and

conventions developed by the Public Accounts Committee

conform to the highest traditions of a parliamentary democracy.”5

However, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is

limited by the following:

(a) It is not concerned with the questions of policy in broader

sense.

(b) It conducts a post-mortem examination of accounts (showing

the expenditure already incurred).

(c) It cannot intervene in the matters of day-to-day

(d) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on the

ministries.

(e) It is not vested with the power of disallowance of

expenditures by the departments.

(f) It is not an executive body and hence, cannot issue an order.

Only the Parliament can take a final decision on its findings.

Estimates Committee

The origin of this committee can be traced to the standing

financial committee set up in 1921. The first Estimates Committee

in the post-independence era was constituted in 1950 on the

recommendation of John Mathai, the then finance minister.

Originally, it had 25 members but in 1956 its membership was

raised to 30. All the thirty members are from Lok Sabha only. The

Rajya Sabha has no representation in this committee. These

members are elected by the Lok Sabha every year from amongst

its own members, according to the principles of proportional

representation by means of a single transferable vote. Thus, all

parties get due representation in it. The term of office is one year.

A minister cannot be elected as a member of the committee. The

chairman of the committee is appointed by the Speaker from

amongst its members and he is invariably from the ruling party.

The function of the committee is to examine the estimates

included in the budget and suggest ‘economies’ in public

expenditure. Hence, it has been described as a ‘continuous

economy committee’.

In more detail, the functions of the committee are:

1. To report what economies, improvements in organisation,

efficiency and administrative reform consistent with the

policy underlying the estimates, can be affected

2. To suggest alternative policies in order to bring about

efficiency and economy in administration

3. To examine whether the money is well laid out within the

limits of the policy implied in the estimates

4. To suggest the form in which the estimates are to be

presented to Parliament

The Committee shall not exercise its functions in relation to

Public Undertakings. The Committee may continue the

examination of the estimates from time to time, throughout the

financial year and report to the House as its examination

proceeds. It shall not be incumbent on the Committee to examine

the entire estimates of any one year. The demands for grants may

be finally voted despite the fact that the Committee has made no

report.

However, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is

limited by the following:

(a) It examines the budget estimates only after they have been

voted by the Parliament, and not before that.

(b) It cannot question the policy laid down by the Parliament.

(c) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on the

ministries.

(d) It examines every year only certain selected ministries and

departments. Thus, by rotation, it would cover all of them

over a number of years.

(e) It lacks the expert assistance of the CAG which is available

to the Public Accounts Committee.

(f) Its work is in the nature of a postmortem.

Committee on Public Undertakings

This committee was created in 1964 on the recommendation of

the Krishna Menon Committee. Originally, it had 15 members (10

from the Lok Sabha and 5 from the Rajya Sabha). However, in

1974, its membership was raised to 22 (15 from the Lok Sabha

and 7 from the Rajya Sabha). The members of this committee are

elected by the Parliament every year from amongst its own

members according to the principle of proportional representation

by means of a single transferable vote. Thus, all parties get due

representation in it. The term of office of the members is one year.

A minister cannot be elected as a member of the committee. The

chairman of the committee is appointed by the Speaker from

amongst its members who are drawn from the Lok Sabha only.

Thus, the members of the committee who are from the Rajya

Sabha cannot be appointed as the chairman.

The functions of the committee are:

2. To examine the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor

General on public undertakings

3. To examine (in the context of autonomy and efficiency of

public undertakings) whether the affairs of the public

undertakings are being managed in accordance with sound

business principles and prudent commercial practices

4. To exercise such other functions vested in the public

accounts committee and the estimates committee in relation

to public undertakings which are allotted to it by the Speaker

from time to time

The committee is not to examine and investigate any of the

following:

(i) Matters of major government policy as distinct from business

or commercial functions of the public undertakings

(ii) Matters of day-to-day administration

(iii) Matters for the consideration of which machinery is

established by any special statute under which a particular

public undertaking is established

Further, the effectiveness of the role of the committee is limited

by the following:

(a) It cannot take up the examination of more than ten to

twelve public undertakings in a year.

(b) Its work is in the nature of a post-mortem.

(c) It does not look into technical matters as its members

are not technical experts.

(d) Its recommendations are advisory and not binding on

the ministries.

DEPARTMENTAL STANDING COMMITTEES

On the recommendation of the Rules Committee of the Lok

Sabha, 17 Departmentally-Related Standing Committees

(DRSCs) were set up in the Parliament in 1993.6 In 2004, seven

more such committees were setup, thus increasing their number

from 17 to 24.

The main objective of the standing committees is to secure

more accountability of the Executive (i.e., the Council of Ministers)

to the Parliament, particularly financial accountability. They also

assist the Parliament in debating the budget more effectively.7

The 24 standing committees cover under their jurisdiction all

the ministries / departments of the Central Government.

Each standing committee consists of 31 members (21 from Lok

Sabha and 10 from Rajya Sabha). The members of the Lok

Sabha are nominated by the Speaker from amongst its own

members, just as the members of the Rajya Sabha are nominated

by the Chairman from amongst its members.8

A minister is not eligible to be nominated as a member of any of

the standing committees. In case a member, after his nomination

to any of the standing committees, is appointed a minister, he then

ceases to be a member of the committee.

The term of office of each standing committee is one year from

the date of its constitution.

Out of the 24 standing committees, 8 work under the Rajya

Sabha and 16 under the Lok Sabha.9

The 24 standing committees and the ministries / departments

placed under their jurisdiction are shown below in Table 23.1.

The functions of each of the standing committees are:

1. To consider the demands for grants of the concerned

ministries / departments before they are discussed and

voted in the Lok Sabha. Its report should not suggest

anything of the nature of cut motions

2. To examine bills pertaining to the concerned ministries /

4. To consider national basic long-term policy documents

presented to the Houses

The following limitations are imposed on the functioning of

these standing committees:

(i) They should not consider the matters of day-to-day

administration of the concerned ministries / departments.

Table 23.1 Departmental Standing Committees and their

Jurisdiction (2019)

Sl.No. Name of the Committees Ministries / Departments

Covered

I. Committees under Rajya Sabha

1. Committee on Commerce Commerce and Industry

2. Committee on Home Affairs (1) Home Affairs

(2) Development of North-

Eastern Region

3. Committee on Human (1) Human Resource

Resource Development Development

(2) Youth Affairs and

Sports

(3) Women and Child

Development

4. Committee on Industry (1) Heavy Industries and

Public Enterprises

(2) Micro, Small and

Medium Enterprises

5. Committee on Science & (1) Science and

Technology, Environment & Technology

Forests (2) Space

(3) Earth Sciences

(4) Atomic Energy

(5) Environment, Forests

and Climate Change

6. Committee on Transport, (1) Civil Aviation

(2) Road Transport &

Highways

(3) Shipping

(4) Culture

(5) Tourism

7. Committee on Health & (1) Health and Family

Family Welfare Welfare

(2) Ayurveda, Yoga and

Naturopathy, Unani,

Siddha and

Homoeopathy (AYUSH)

8. Committee on Personnel, (1) Law and Justice

Public Grievances, Law and (2) Personnel, Public

Justice Grievances and

Pensions

II. Committees under Lok Sabha

9. Committee on Agriculture (1) Agriculture and

Farmers’ Welfare

(2) Fisheries, Animal

Husbandry and Dairing

(3) Food Processing

Industries

10. Committee on Information (1) Communication

Technology (2) Electronics &