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35951377 | Gaze behavior as a visual cue to animacy. | A characteristic that distinguishes biological agents from inanimate objects is that the former can have a direction of attention. While it is natural to associate a person's direction of attention with the appearance of their face, attentional behaviors are also a kind of |
35951378 | Message self and social relevance increases intentions to share content: Correlational and causal evidence from six studies. | Information sharing within social networks can catalyze widespread attitudinal and behavioral change and the chance to share information with others has been characterized as inherently valuable to people. But what are the sources of value and how might they be leveraged to promote sharing? We test ideas from the value-based virality model that the value of sharing increases when people perceive messages as more relevant to themselves and to people they know, resulting in stronger intentions to share. We extend this work by considering how sharing context-broadcasting to a wide audience or narrowcasting directly to someone-may alter these relationships. Six online studies with adults in the United States (N participants = 3,727; messages = 362; message ratings = 30,954) showed robust evidence that self and social relevance are positively and uniquely related to sharing intentions within- and between-person. Specification curve analysis showed these relationships were consistent across message content (COVID-19, voting, general health, climate change), medium (social media post and news articles), and sharing context (broad- and narrowcasting). A preregistered experiment showed that manipulating the self and social relevance of messages through a framing manipulation causally increased sharing intentions. These causal effects were mediated by changes in both self and social relevance, but the relative strength of the causal pathways differed depending on sharing context. These findings extend existing models of information sharing, and highlight self and social relevance as psychological mechanisms that motivate information sharing that can be targeted to promote sharing across contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951380 | Comprehensive Survey of 14 Benzophenone UV Filters in Sunscreen Products Marketed in the United States: Implications for Human Exposure. | Benzophenone (BP)-type ultraviolet (UV) filters are estrogenic chemicals used extensively in sunscreen products, leading to concerns over human exposure. To assess exposure to BP derivatives in sunscreens, we tested 14 BP UV filters in 50 products representing 44 brands marketed in the United States in 2021, finding BP, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3 or oxybenzone), 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-8), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone (BP-10), 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone (2,3,4-OH-BP), and 4-methylbenzophenone (4-Me-BP) in ≥70% of the samples. The geometric mean (GM) concentration of the sum of these BPs (∑ |
35951381 | The art of getting things done: Training affective shifting improves intention enactment. | Effectively managing to-do lists and getting things done is a petence. However, when things get difficult or demanding, many individuals struggle to put their intentions into subsequent actions. According to Personality Systems Interactions (PSI) theory, changes in positive affect are decisive for efficient intention enactment. Based on this understanding, in the present study we designed and evaluated an affect-focused intervention that practices shifting between high and low positive affect. In a control group design ( |
35951382 | The intrapersonal and interpersonal consequences of a new experimental manipulation of co-rumination. | Co-rumination is a form of interpersonal emotion regulation wherein dyads engage in extensive, cyclical conversations regarding the causes and consequences of problems and associated negative emotions. In the present investigation, we leveraged the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat to elucidate the intrapersonal costs and interpersonal benefits of co-rumination. To do so, we developed the first direct experimental manipulation of co-rumination using a multimethod, dyadic approach to test the effects of co-rumination on both dyad members. Friend dyads ( |
35951383 | Attention-focused emotion regulation in everyday life in adulthood and old age. | Although some lab studies suggest older adults rely more on attentional deployment to regulate their emotions, little is known about age differences in specific attention deployment tactic use and how they relate to mood regulation in everyday life. The current longitudinal experience sampling study considered several different attention deployment tactics, such as shifting or focusing attention to positive and negative elements either internally or externally (thoughts and feelings vs. external environment). Younger, middle-aged, and older adults ( |
35951385 | Guilt underlies compassion among those who have suffered adversity. | Feelings of guilt can often result from the onset of adverse life events. Although guilt is often linked to psychological dysfunction, emerging findings suggest that it can also act as a powerful moral force in passion. Yet, little work has been done to examine how guilt, as a function of surviving past adversity, can affect people's propensity to passion toward others. In three studies ( |
35951384 | Negative emotion reduces visual working memory recall variability: A meta-analytical review. | Negative emotion is often hypothesized to trigger a more deliberate processing mode. This effect can manifest as increased precision of information maintained in working memory (WM) captured by reduced WM recall variability under an induced negative emotional state. However, some recent evidence shows that WM representations are immune to any emotional influences. Here, we meta-analyze existing evidence based on data from 13 experiments across 491 participants who performed a delay-estimation WM task under negative and neutral emotional states. We find that induced negative emotional state modestly reduces WM recall variability and increases recall failures relative to the neutral condition. These effects are moderated by participants' self-report negative experiences during emotion induction. Collectively, these data suggest that negative emotion influences how much and how well one can remember in WM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951386 | Desired sadness, happiness, fear and calmness in depression: The potential roles of valence and arousal. | Prior research has shown that clinically depressed individuals are somewhat more motivated to feel sadness and less motivated to feel happiness than nondepressed individuals are. However, what underlies these patterns is not yet clear, as people may be motivated to experience positive (vs. negative) valence, high (vs. low) arousal, or discrete emotions. To test these possibilities, we assessed the motivation to experience emotions that capture binations of positive and negative valence and high and low arousal (i.e., sadness, happiness, fear and calmness) in 36 clinically depressed and 36 nondepressed college students (76% females, |
35951387 | Psychological well-being is associated with prosociality during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of Swedish and Chinese samples. | This study revisited the link between psychological well-being and prosociality during a global crisis from a cross-cultural perspective. We surveyed two large samples of Chinese ( |
35951389 | Individual differences in inhibitory control are not related to downregulation of negative emotion via distancing. | Evidence suggests that cognitive control and emotional control share partly the same cognitive processes. For example, downregulation of negative emotions requires inhibiting or limiting the expression of a prepotent appraisal of a situation in favor of selecting an alternative appraisal. Although inhibitory control seems to be a particularly relevant process in emotion regulation (ER), previous studies reported inconsistent findings on their relationship, likely because of the application of single task measures in relatively small samples. Therefore, this study implemented a battery of monly used inhibitory control tasks in a large sample of young healthy adults ( |
35951390 | Probing the Dynamics of Low-Overpotential CO | Oxide-derived copper electrodes have displayed a boost in activity and selectivity toward valuable base chemicals in the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), but the exact interplay between the dynamic restructuring of copper oxide electrodes and their activity and selectivity is not fully understood. In this work, we have utilized time-resolved surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TR-SERS) to study the dynamic restructuring of the copper (oxide) electrode surface and the adsorption of reaction intermediates during cyclic voltammetry (CV) and pulsed electrolysis (PE). By coupling the electrochemical data to the spectral features in TR-SERS, we study the dynamic activation of and reactions on the electrode surface and find that CO |
35951388 | Childhood adversity and emotion regulation strategies as predictors of psychological stress and mental health in American Indian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. | Life events, such as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, elicit increases in psychological stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression. In turn, these es have negative implications for mental health. Emotion regulation strategies and prior adversity may moderate the degree to which life events affect es that are linked to mental health. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether childhood adversity and emotion regulation strategy use interactively informed changes in es linked to mental health following the onset of the pandemic in American Indian (AI) adults. AI adults ( |
35951391 | Barriers to and facilitators of using evidence-based, cognitive-behavioral anxiety interventions in integrated primary care practice. | Cognitive-behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders and symptoms remains underutilized in integrated primary care (IPC), in part because the many treatments developed for specialty care are not readily translated to this unique setting. The objective of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to behavioral health providers (BHPs) delivering evidence-based cognitive--behavioral anxiety interventions within IPC practice. We conducted semistructured interviews with a national sample of 18 BHPs (50% psychologists, 33% social workers, 17% registered nurses) working in IPC in the Veterans Health Administration. We assessed barriers to and facilitators of using psychoeducation, exposure, cognitive therapy, relaxation training, mindfulness/meditation, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based interventions, and problem-solving therapy. Qualitative coding and conventional content analysis revealed barriers and facilitators at three levels: IPC, provider, and patient. Themes suggested key barriers of poor fit with the IPC model, BHP training deficits, and lack of patient buy-in, and key facilitators of good perceived fit of the intervention (e.g., scope, duration) with the IPC model, BHPs feeling well equipped, and utility for patients. BHPs select interventions based on fit for the individual patient. Some results were consistent with prior work from specialty care, but the IPC model itself introduces significant implementation challenges. BHPs would benefit from flexible intervention options and training on IPC treatment goals and how to deliver the essence of evidence-based interventions in small doses. Our findings will help to inform adaptation of behavioral anxiety interventions to better fit IPC practice and development of beneficial training and resources for BHPs to reduce implementation challenges. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951392 | Telehealth use and COVID-19: Assessing older veterans' perspectives. | Video telehealth (VT) technology has increased mental health treatment access for veterans. Although veterans report high levels of satisfaction with VT, age disparities remain. Older adults in the general population face several barriers to using new technology, reflecting a "digital divide" between age cohorts. This trend continued during the COVID-19 pandemic, as older veterans were less likely to use VT-and more likely to use the telephone-for mental health visits than younger veterans. Although VT use has grown considerably during the pandemic, few studies have investigated older veterans' VT use relative to telephone services. Older veterans (aged 65 +) pleted at least one telephone or VT visit in an outpatient geriatric mental health clinic during the first 6 months of COVID-19 received a telehealth satisfaction questionnaire via U.S. mail. While respondents ( |
35951393 | Atypical jobs in psychology: Public safety and criminal justice reform consultant. | This article samples the career of Dr. Guy O. Seymour, whose undergraduate studies pleted at La Universidad Interamericana in Puerto Rico. He earned his MA and PhD in clinical, counseling, munity psychology at Boston University. The first bilingual person of color appointed to the professional staff of the city of Boston's general hospital, he founded the nation's first multicultural internship program and rose to be the chief psychologist of the Boston Department of Health and Hospitals. His career path led him to develop psychological services in nontraditional workspaces, including medical, police, fire, and correction departments and for the International Olympic Games. At the end of his career, a family member's encounter with marijuana laws led to an interest in advocacy for criminal justice reform. Since retirement from practice, he has continued to volunteer with efforts to decriminalize marijuana possession and to abolish cash bail for pretrial and misdemeanor offenses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951395 | Parents' math anxiety and their controlling and autonomy-supportive involvement in children's math learning: Implications for children's math achievement. | This research examined how parents' math anxiety is associated with their controlling and autonomy-supportive involvement in children's math learning; the contribution of such involvement to children's math achievement was also evaluated. Parents ( |
35951396 | Pathways between family SES, parent characteristics, early experiences, and child language outcomes in South Korea: A combined analysis of the family stress model and the family investment model. | Whereas previous research has examined the role that parenting and home environments play in explaining the relation between family socioeconomic status and children's language development in the United States, relatively little is known about the associations between these constructs in other cultures. This study tested an integrated model of language development within a longitudinal data set of 1,894 socioeconomically diverse Korean children (48.35% girls; > 99% native-born Korean citizens) from the first year of life (age 3-8 months) to ages 3 and 6 years. A model integrating parent and environmental characteristics from the family stress model and the family investment model that also included maternal self-efficacy and knowledge of child development was shown to adequately explain the associations between family socioeconomic status and children's language development. Implications for applying similar integrated models in international contexts are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951394 | Consistency of gender identity and preferences across time: An exploration among cisgender and transgender children. | While considerable research has examined gender development in middle childhood, little longitudinal work has been conducted at this time to indicate whether, for example, youth who show more or less gender conformity at one point continue to do so later. The present study investigated the consistency of gender identity and preferences for gender-stereotypical toys, clothing, and same-gender peer preferences among groups of transgender youth ( |
35951397 | The effect of older sibling, postnatal maternal stress, and household factors on language development in two- to four-year-old children. | Previous literature has shown that family structure affects language development. Here, factors relating to older siblings (their presence in the house, sex, and age gap), mothers (maternal stress), and household size and residential crowding were assessed to systematically examine the different roles of these factors. Data from mother-child dyads in a Singaporean birth cohort, (677-855 dyads; 52% males; 58% to 61% Chinese, 20% to 24% Malay, 17% to 19% Indian) collected when children were 24, 48, and 54 months old, were analyzed. There was a negative effect of having an older sibling, moderated by the siblings' age gap, but not by the older sibling's sex, nor household size or residential crowding. Maternal stress affected language es in some analyses but not others. Implications for understanding the possible effects of family structure on language development are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951398 | Perceptions of the future in adolescence predict depressive symptoms in adolescence and early and middle adulthood. | The current longitudinal study examined the predictive associations between the development of future perceptions in adolescence and depressive symptoms in adolescence and early and middle adulthood. Participants ( |
35951400 | "It bites!": The transmission of negative information about snakes and spiders through a naturalistic picture book interaction. | Snakes and spiders are two of the monly feared animals worldwide, yet we know very little about the mechanisms by which such fears are acquired. We explored whether negative information about snakes and spiders from parents shapes children's fear beliefs. Study 1 included 27 parents (22 mothers, five fathers) and children (12 female, 15 male, |
35951399 | Examining longitudinal associations between internalizing problems, body mass index, and language during childhood. | The current study examines the extent to which associations between internalizing problems, body mass index (BMI), and language skills from early (36 months) to late childhood (fifth grade) are due to relatively stable between-child differences, time-specific correlations, or cross-lagged paths. Data from the NICHD study, Early Child Care and Youth Development ( |
35951401 | Perceived stress of individuals with disabilities in the United States during COVID-19. | This study was conducted to better understand how COVID-19 has impacted the stress, resiliency, and quality of life of people with disabilities near the height of the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in the summer of 2020. |
35951402 | Clinical utility and psychometric properties of the Ableist Microaggressions Scale. | Comments on an article by K. J. Conover et al. (see record 2017-30398-007). Conover and colleagues developed and validated the self report Ableist Microaggressions Scale (AMS). Using factor analysis, the authors identified four subscales, including Helplessness, Minimization, Denial of Personhood, and Otherization. The psychometric properties of the AMS have been examined with adults with a range of disability types. The AMS consists of 20 items, and each item is scored on a 6- point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 5 (very frequently). Total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting greater experiences of microaggressions. Three positively worded items are reverse scored. The initial validation study included a sample size of 1,392 participants with various types of disabilities, an average age of 34, and a higher proportion of participants who identified as female relative to other sex/gender expressions, the majority of the sample identified as heterosexual and White. In this study, the AMS had good total-score internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of .91; three of the four subscales generally showed adequate as given their number of items: .83 for Helplessness, .90 for Denial of Personhood, and .84 for Otherization. However, the Minimization subscale displayed relatively weaker internal consistency with an a of .65. Additionally, the AMS showed adequate item-total correlations ranging from .21 to .77. Despite the high potential of the AMS to be used in research and clinical work, there are several limitations. The original validation study sample prised primarily of White heterosexual participants which may warrant caution in applications to racially/ethnically diverse groups and sexual minorities. Because individuals with mild-to-moderate disability may be less likely to participate in research, caution should also be exercised regarding generalizability to and use with more severe disability groups, including individuals with psychiatric disabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951404 | Integration of implementation science in cardiovascular behavioral medicine. | Cardiovascular behavioral medicine has significantly advanced the knowledge base regarding the mechanisms by which psychological and behavioral factors can impact cardiovascular function and has developed clear links between these factors and cardiovascular health and disease. More recent work has established numerous behavioral interventions that are efficacious, and in several cases demonstrated to be effective. However, despite these significant advances, translation to broad, real-world uptake and utilization has not been well studied, with consequential profound implications for health equity. The purpose of this article is to review what is known about effective implementation strategies to support the uptake of behavioral medicine interventions to improve cardiovascular health, to underscore the potential for developing additional implementation strategies for wide-scale uptake of effective cardiovascular behavioral medicine interventions, and to discuss the potential for developing additional implementation approaches while conducting early stage efficacy studies in this area. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951403 | Field experiment of signs promoting hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic. | During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. public was encouraged to practice good hand hygiene, such as hand washing or the use of hand sanitizer. Young adults reported lower levels of hand pared to adults of other ages. The aim of the current study was to test the effectiveness of different messages to promote hand sanitizer use among young adults. |
35951405 | Do partial and distributed tests enhance new learning? | Testing facilitates subsequent learning of new information, a phenomenon known as the |
35951406 | Failure to learn from failure is mitigated by loss-framing and corrective feedback: A replication and test of the boundary conditions of the tune-out effect. | Do people learn from failure or do they mentally "tune-out" upon failure feedback, which in turn undermines learning? Recent research (Eskreis-Winkler & Fishbach, 2019) has suggested the latter, whereas research in educational and work settings indicates that failure can lead to more learning than can success and error-free performance. We conducted two preregistered experiments to replicate the tune-out effect and to test two potential boundary conditions (N = 520). The tune-out effect fully replicated in those experimental conditions that represented close replications of the original study, underscoring the reliability of the original effect. However, the effect disappeared when the same monetary incentives for participation were expressed in terms of a loss (i.e., losing money for each wrong answer) rather than a gain (i.e., earning money for each correct answer; Experiment 1). The effect also disappeared when additional corrective feedback was given (Experiment 2). It seems that switching from gain to loss framing or giving corrective feedback (vs. no corrective feedback) are substantial and meaningful variations of the original paradigm that constitute boundary conditions of the tune-out effect. These results help explain the conflicting findings on learning from failure and suggest that in many applied settings, tuning out upon failure might not be an option. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951407 | The time course of categorical and perceptual similarity effects in visual search. | During visual search for objects (e.g., an apple), the surrounding distractor objects may share perceptual (tennis ball), categorical (banana), or both (peach) properties with the target. Previous studies showed that the perceptual similarity between target and distractor objects influences visual search. Here, we tested whether categorical target-distractor similarity also influences visual search, and how this influence depends on perceptual similarity. By orthogonally manipulating categorical and perceptual target-distractor similarity, we could investigate how and when the two similarities interactively affect search performance and neural correlates of spatial attention (N2pc) using electroencephalography (EEG). Behavioral results showed that categorical target-distractor similarity interacted with perceptual target-distractor similarity, such that the effect of categorical similarity was strongest when target and distractor objects were perceptually similar. EEG results showed that perceptual similarity influenced the early part of the N2pc (200-250 ms after stimulus onset), while categorical similarity influenced the later part (250-300 ms). Mirroring the behavioral results, categorical similarity interacted with perceptual similarity during this later time window, with categorical effects only observed for perceptually similar target-distractor pairs. Together, these results provide evidence for hierarchical processing in visual search: categorical properties influence spatial attention only when perceptual properties are insufficient to guide attention to the target. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951408 | In the Chalcogenoxide Elimination Panorama: Systematic Insight into a Key Reaction. | The selenoxide elimination is a well-known reaction in organochalcogen chemistry, with wide synthetic, biological, and toxicological implications. In this work, we apply benchmarked density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate different aspects of the title reaction in three (bio)chemically relevant models, spanning minimal systems of theoretical interests as well as biological or synthetic organochalcogenides. The activation strain analysis (ASA) methodology is employed along a suitable reaction coordinate to obtain insight into the role of the chalcogen and of the oxidation state, to pinpoint the factors that tune the elimination reactivity of the investigated systems. Lastly, putationally validate the hypothesis that telluroxides eliminate more slowly than selenoxides because of a detrimental hydration process that leads to unreactive hydrates. |
35951409 | Origin of Protein Quake: Energy Waves Conducted by a Precise Mechanical Machine. | A long-standing challenge in protein biophysics is to understand protein quake in myoglobin─the structural dynamics responsible for redistributing the excess heme energy after photolysis. Despite extensive efforts, the molecular mechanism of this process remains elusive. Using the energy flow theory, we uncovered a fundamental new phenomenon: the heme energy is redistributed by sinusoidal waves with a ubiquitous fundamental frequency and two overtones. The energy waves emanate from the heme into the myoglobin backbone via a conduit of five consecutive dihedrals of the proximal histidine and then travel quickly along the backbone to reach sidechains across the protein. This mechanism is far more effective than the diffusion-based mechanism from previous studies because waves are systematic while diffusion is random. To propagate energy waves, coordinates must cooperate, resulting in collective modes that are singular vectors of the generalized work functional. These modes show task partitioning: a handful of high-energy modes generate large-scale breathing motion, which loosens up the protein matrix to enable hundreds of low-energy vibrational modes for energy transduction. |
35951410 | Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction Identifies Structural Changes Underlying the Evolution of | The improved production, recycling, and removal of plastic waste, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), are pressing environmental and economic issues for society. Biocatalytic (enzymatic) PET depolymerization is potentially a sustainable, low-energy solution to PET recycling, especially pared with current disposal methods such as landfills, incineration, or gasification. IsPETase has been extensively studied for its use in PET depolymerization; however, its evolution from cutinases is not fully understood, and most engineering studies have neglected the majority of the available sequence space remote from the active site. In this study, ancestral protein reconstruction (ASR) has been used to trace the evolutionary trajectory from ancient serine hydrolases to IsPETase, while ASR and the related design approach, protein repair one-stop shop, were used to identify enzyme variants with improved activity and stability. Kinetic and structural characterization of these variants reveals new insights into the evolution of PETase activity and the role of second-shell mutations around the active site. Among the designed and reconstructed variants, we identified several with melting points 20 °C higher than that of IsPETase and two variants with significantly higher catalytic activity. |
35951412 | An introductory examination on the differences between frequentist and Bayesian multiple regression using real-world data on bias-based victimization among Latinx adults. | The aim of the current paper is to provide an applied introduction and overview of Bayesian methodology, how pares monly used frequentist methods, and to elaborate on the utility of Bayesian methods in trauma and mental health research. |
35951413 | ""Resisting social identity threat and maintaining resilience": A qualitative study of Chinese parents following the loss of an only child": Correction. | Reports an error in ""Resisting social identity threat and maintaining resilience": A qualitative study of Chinese parents following the loss of an only child" by Anni Wang, Yufang Guo, Wendy Cross, Louisa Lam, Virginia Plummer, Wen Zhang and Jingping Zhang ( |
35951411 | Effects of language and acculturation on neurocognitive performance of Japanese Americans. | Despite significant work in African and Hispanic American populations, little information is available regarding performance of Japanese Americans on neuropsychological tests. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dominant language and acculturation levels on the performance of Japanese Americans on selected neurocognitive tests. |
35951414 | Large-Scale Ultrafast Strain Engineering of CVD-Grown Two-Dimensional Materials on Strain Self-Limited Deformable Nanostructures toward Enhanced Field-Effect Transistors. | Strain engineering of 2D materials is capable of tuning the electrical and optical properties of the materials without introducing additional atoms. Here, a method for large-scale ultrafast strain engineering of CVD-grown 2D materials is proposed. Locally nonuniform strains are introduced through the cooperative deformation of materials and metal@metal oxide nanoparticles through cold laser shock. The tensile strain of MoS |
35951415 | Check and report: The state of data validity detection in personality disorder science. | The backbone of any field of science is quality data. In personality disorder (PD) science and the broader field of clinical psychology, researchers must consider whether participants were attentive to, understood, and responded honestly and with sufficient effort to self-report questionnaires. We review literature regarding the prevalence of invalid (i.e., careless, low effort, inattentive, or inaccurate) responding, its impact on analysis and interpretation, and available methods of detection. We also present the results of a systematic review of 251 empirical articles across three major journals to characterize the current state of questionable data detection in PD science both in absolute terms and pared to practices in the larger field of clinical science. In response to the disconcertingly low prevalence rate of self-report validity checks (approximately 22% of PD studies), we conclude by providing practical mendations for improving data validity in PD science at the points of study design, data analysis, and reporting of results. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951417 | Workplace bullying as an organizational problem: Spotlight on people management practices. | Though workplace bullying is conceptualized as an organizational problem, there remains a gap in understanding the contexts in which bullying manifests-knowledge vital for addressing bullying in practice. In three studies, we leverage the rich content contained within workplace plaint records to explore this issue then, based on our discoveries, investigate people management practices linked to bullying. First, through content analysis of 342 plaints lodged with a state health and safety regulator (over 5,500 pages), we discovered that the risk of bullying primarily arises from ineffective people management in 11 different contexts (e.g., managing underperformance, coordinating working hours, and entitlements). Next, we developed a behaviorally anchored rating scale to measure people management practices within a refined set of nine risk contexts. Effective and ineffective behavioral indicators were identified through content analysis of plaints data and data from 44 critical incident interviews with subject matter experts; indicators were then sorted and rated by two independent samples to form a risk audit tool. Finally, data from a multilevel multisource study of 145 clinical healthcare staff nested in 25 hospital wards showed that the effectiveness of people management practices predicts concurrent exposure to workplace bullying at individual level beyond established organizational antecedents, and at the team level beyond leading indicator psychosocial safety climate. Overall, our findings highlight where the greatest risk of bullying lies within organizational systems and identifies effective ways of managing people within those contexts to reduce the risk, opening new avenues for bullying intervention research and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951416 | In vivo visualization and molecular targeting of the cardiac conduction system. | Accidental injury to the cardiac conduction system (CCS), a network of specialized cells embedded within the heart and indistinguishable from the surrounding heart muscle tissue, is a plication in cardiac surgeries. Here, we addressed this unmet need by engineering targeted antibody-dye conjugates directed against the CCS, allowing for the visualization of the CCS in vivo following a single intravenous injection in mice. These optical imaging tools showed high sensitivity, specificity, and resolution, with no adverse effects on CCS function. Further, with the goal of creating a viable prototype for human use, we generated a fully human monoclonal Fab that similarly targets the CCS with high specificity. We demonstrate that, when conjugated to an alternative cargo, this Fab can also be used to modulate CCS biology in vivo, providing a proof of principle for targeted cardiac therapeutics. Finally, in performing differential gene expression analyses of the entire murine CCS at single-cell resolution, we uncovered and validated a suite of additional cell surface markers that can be used to molecularly target the distinct ponents of the CCS, each prone to distinct life-threatening arrhythmias. These findings lay the foundation for translational approaches targeting the CCS for visualization and therapy in cardiothoracic surgery, cardiac imaging, and arrhythmia management. |
35951419 | Constructs derived from the addiction cycle predict alcohol use disorder treatment outcomes and recovery 3 years following treatment. | The addiction cycle has been proposed as a framework for understanding the progression of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in terms of psychological and biological domains, including reward drinking/incentive salience, relief drinking/negative emotionality, and loss of control/executive functioning impairment. To have utility in clinical practice, self-report measures of these domains that are applicable across sociodemographic groups and associated with clinical es are needed. This study sought to validate domains from self-report measures and to test whether domains are measurement invariant across sociodemographic groups and associated with treatment es. |
35951418 | The Emissions Fractions Approach to Assessing the Long-Range Transport Potential of Organic Chemicals. | The assessment of long-range transport potential (LRTP) is enshrined in several frameworks for chemical regulation such as the Stockholm Convention. Screening for LRTP monly done with the OECD Pov and LRTP Screening Tool employing two metrics, characteristic travel distance (CTD) and transfer efficiency (TE). Here we introduce a set of three alternative metrics and implement them in the Tool's model. Each metric is expressed as a fraction of the emissions in a source region. The three metrics quantify the extent to which the chemical (i) reaches a remote region (dispersion, ϕ1), (ii) is transferred to surface media in the remote region (transfer, ϕ2), and (iii) accumulates in these surface media (accumulation, ϕ3). In contrast to CTD and TE, the emissions fractions metrics can integrate transport via water and air, prehensive LRTP assessment. Furthermore, since there is a coherent relationship between the three metrics, the new approach provides quantitative mechanistic insight into different phenomena determining LRTP. Finally, the accumulation metric, ϕ3, allows assessment of LRTP in the context of the Stockholm Convention, where the ability of a chemical to elicit adverse effects in surface media is decisive. We conclude that the emission fractions approach has the potential to reduce the risk of false positives/negatives in LRTP assessments. |
35951420 | Nanoconfined Space: Revisiting the Charge Storage Mechanism of Electric Double Layer Capacitors. | The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) has been recognized as one of the most appealing electrochemical energy storage devices. Nanoporous materials with relatively high specific surface areas are generally used as the electrode materials for electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs). The past decades have witnessed anomalous phenomena of EDLCs under nanoconfined space, which to a large degree doubt the conventional recognition. However, there are currently still no deep insights and consensus on the mechanism of these striking discoveries. In this Perspective, we start with a brief introduction to contextualize the significance of EDLCs, especially with electrode materials of nanoconfined space. Next, we briefly review the landmark studies in light of the charge storage mechanism of EDLCs, mainly focusing on the study of nanoporous materials for EDLCs. Subsequently, we reexamine the basic concepts under nanoconfined space and some representative in situ characterization techniques applied to understand the charge storage mechanism of EDLCs. Finally, we provide general conclusions and insights into the future research directions in the field of EDLCs. |
35951422 | Acculturation gap conflicts and self-rated health among Hispanic emerging adults. | Emerging adulthood is a distinct and challenging developmental stage of life. It may be particularly stressful for Hispanic emerging adults due to various cultural stressors. However, there is little research on the impact of one particular cultural stressor, the acculturation gap. Therefore, this study aims to examine whether acculturation gap conflicts are associated with self-rated health. |
35951423 | Responding flexibly to the complex problem of chronic pelvic pain: Incorporating patient needs into program development. | Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women is mon and disabling, and access to interdisciplinary care is limited. Patient education programs may represent a pragmatic approach to delivering interdisciplinary care, but to date the specific educational needs of patients with CPP are unknown. |
35951425 | TopEx: topic exploration of COVID-19 corpora - Results from the BioCreative VII Challenge Track 4. | TopEx is a natural language processing application developed to facilitate the exploration of topics and key words in a set of texts through a user interface that requires no programming or natural language processing knowledge, thus enhancing the ability of nontechnical researchers to explore and analyze textual data. The underlying algorithm groups semantically similar sentences together followed by a topic analysis on each group to identify the key topics discussed in a collection of texts. Implementation is achieved via a Python library back end and a web application front end built with React and D3.js for visualizations. TopEx has been successfully used to identify themes, topics and key words in a variety of corpora, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) discharge summaries and tweets. Feedback from the BioCreative VII Challenge Track 4 concludes that TopEx is a useful tool for text exploration for a variety of users and tasks. |
35951426 | Changes in Social Relationships and Physical Functions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. | Social relationships are associated with physical function. However, little scholarly attention has been focused on the effect of changing social factors on physical function. |
35951427 | CDCP1 regulates retinal pigmented epithelial barrier integrity for the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis. | Cub domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a protein that is highly expressed on the surface of many cancer cells. However, its distribution in normal tissues and its potential roles in nontumor cells are poorly understood. We found that CDCP1 is present on both human and mouse retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. CDCP1-KO mice developed attenuated retinal inflammation in a passive model of autoimmune uveitis, with disrupted tight junctions and infiltrating T cells detected in RPE flat mounts from WT but not CDCP1-KO mice during EAU development. Mechanistically, we discovered that CDCP1 on RPE cells was upregulated by IFN-γ in vitro and after EAU induction in vivo. CD6 stimulation induced increased RPE barrier permeability of WT but not CDCP1-knockdown (CDCP1-KD) RPE cells, and activated T cells migrated through WT RPE monolayers more efficiently than the CDCP1-KD RPE monolayers. In addition, CD6 stimulation of WT but not the CDCP1-KD RPE cells induced massive stress fiber formation and focal adhesion disruption to reduce cell barrier tight junctions. These data suggest that CDCP1 on RPE cells interacts with CD6 on T cells to induce RPE cytoskeleton remodeling and focal adhesion disruption, which open up the tight junctions to facilitate T cell infiltration for the development of uveitis. |
35951428 | Chitinase 3 like 1 contributes to the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. | Chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1) is the prototypic chitinase-like protein mediating inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Limited data suggest CHI3L1 is elevated in human pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and is associated with disease severity. Despite its importance as a regulator of injury/repair responses, the relationship between CHI3L1 and pulmonary vascular remodeling is not well understood. We hypothesize that CHI3L1 and its signaling pathways contribute to the vascular remodeling responses that occur in pulmonary hypertension (PH). We examined the relationship of plasma CHI3L1 levels and severity of PH in patients with various forms of PH, including group 1 PAH and group 3 PH, and found that circulating levels of serum CHI3L1 were associated with worse hemodynamics and correlated directly with mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. We also used transgenic mice with constitutive knockout and inducible overexpression of CHI3L1 to examine its role in hypoxia-, monocrotaline-, and bleomycin-induced models of pulmonary vascular disease. In all 3 mouse models of pulmonary vascular disease, pulmonary hypertensive responses were mitigated in CHI3L1-null mice and accentuated in transgenic mice that overexpress CHI3L1. Finally, CHI3L1 alone was sufficient to induce pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, inhibit pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis, induce the loss of endothelial barrier function, and induce endothelial-mesenchymal transition. These findings demonstrate that CHI3L1 and its receptors play an integral role in pulmonary vascular disease pathobiology and may offer a target for the treatment of PAH and PH associated with fibrotic lung disease. |
35951430 | A genotype-specific architectural and physiological profile is involved in the flowering regularity of apple trees. | In polycarpic plants, meristem fate varies within individuals in a given year. In perennials, the proportion of floral induction (FI) in meristems also varies between consecutive years and among genotypes of a given species. Previous studies have suggested that FI of meristems could be determined by the petition for carbohydrates and by hormone signaling as ponents of the flowering pathway. At the genotypic level, variability in FI was also associated with variability in architectural traits. However, the part of genotype-dependent variability in FI that can be explained by either tree architecture or tree physiology is still not fully understood. This study aimed at deciphering the respective effect of architectural and physiological traits on FI variability within apple trees paring six genotypes with contrasted architectures. Shoot type demography as well as the flowering and fruit production patterns were followed over 6 years and characterized by different indexes. Architectural morphotypes were then defined based on architectural traits using a clustering approach. For two successive years, non-structural starch content in leaf, stem and meristems, and hormonal contents (gibberellins, cytokinins, auxin and abscisic acid) in meristems were quantified and correlated to FI within-tree proportions. Based on a multi-step regression analysis, cytokinins and gibberellins content in meristem, starch content in leaves and the proportion of long shoots in tree annual growth were shown to contribute to FI. Although the predictive linear model of FI mon to all genotypes, each of the explicative variables had a different weight in FI determination, depending on the genotype. Our results therefore suggest both mon determination model and a genotype-specific architectural and physiological profile linked to its flowering behavior. |
35951434 | Registry of the International Society of Uterus Transplantation: First Report. | Uterus transplantation (UTx) is a novel type of transplantation to treat infertility in women with an absent or nonfunctioning uterus. The International Society of Uterus Transplantation (ISUTx) has developed a registry to monitor worldwide UTx activities while serving as a repository for specific research questions. |
35951432 | Effects of Gum Chewing on Recovery From Postoperative Ileus: A Randomized Clinical Trail. | Sham feeding with products such as chewing gum has been theorized to decrease the incidence and time to resolution of postoperative ileus. The conflicting findings in the literature on this subject are because in part of the use of mixed study populations, which has led to difficulties in assessing the value of sham feeding in ameliorating this condition. |
35951433 | Friction-Induced Skin Disorders-A Review. | Friction is unavoidable in activites of daily life and is associated with various dermatological disorders. prehensive literature review showed friction can induce epidermal changes, dermatitis, alteration of the dermis, diseases of abnormal deposition, alteration of the hair and follicles, nail diseases, pigmentary disorders, and skin tumors. Cultural, religious, and occupational factors may predispose to the development friction-related skin disorders. However, friction often occurs together with other external stimuli, such as pressure and occlusion. Careful observation and investigation are required to establish the exact role of friction in the development of various dermatoses. |
35951436 | The binary structure of event files generalizes to abstract features: A nonhierarchical explanation of task set boundaries for the congruency sequence effect. | Current views posit that forming and retrieving memories of ongoing events influences action control. However, the organizational structure of these memories, or event files, remains unclear. The hierarchical coding view posits a hierarchical structure, wherein task sets occupy a high level of the hierarchy. Here, the contents of an event file can be retrieved only if the task set repeats. In contrast, the binary coding view posits a nonhierarchical structure, which consists of a collection of independent, binary bindings between different feature pairs. In this view, repeating an abstract feature from a previous event (e.g., the previous trial's S-R mapping) triggers the retrieval of the associated feature from the same binding (e.g., the previous trial's congruency) even if the task set changes. To distinguish between these views, we investigated the nature of task set boundaries for the congruency sequence effect (CSE), an index of adaptive control that reflects event file formation and retrieval. Specifically, we investigated whether or not a CSE appears when the task set changes but the previous trial's S-R mapping repeats. Three experiments involving a cross-modal prime-probe task yielded a CSE under these conditions and ruled out alternative explanations. These findings show that the typical binary structure of event files generalizes from concrete features (e.g., colors and locations) to abstract features (e.g., S-R mappings and task sets). Therefore, contrary to the hierarchical coding view, they provide a nonhierarchical explanation of task set boundaries for the CSE. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
35951437 | Exploring Meaning of Life in Women With Breast Cancer in Taiwan: A Phenomenological Study. | Globally, breast cancer is the mon cancer type in terms of incidence for women. Women with breast cancer endure higher levels of psychological distress than other types of cancer because many lose their identity as a woman, which is an additional characteristic of their psychological distress. Research using phenomenology to explore "the meaning of life" is rare among women with breast cancer. |
35951438 | Carbon-ion radiotherapy versus radiofrequency ablation as initial treatment for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. | Carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) has shown potential as a curative treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no reports pared the effectiveness of C-ion RT and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). This study aimed pare clinical es between C-ion RT and RFA for patients with early-stage HCC. |
35951439 | Variations in Tobacco Retailer Type Across Community Characteristics: Place Matters. | The density of tobacco retailers varies munity characteristics such as poverty levels or racial and position. However, few studies have investigated how specific types of tobacco retailers vary munity characteristics. Our objective was to assess how the types of tobacco retailers in Ohio varied by the characteristics of munities in which they were located. |
35951440 | Facilitators of Multisector Collaboration for Delivering Cancer Control Interventions in Rural Communities: A Descriptive Qualitative Study. | Multisector collaboration is a widely promoted strategy to increase equitable availability, access, and use of healthy foods, safe places for physical activity, social supports, and preventive health care services. Yet fewer studies and resources exist for collaboration among governmental and nongovernmental agencies to address public problems in rural areas, despite an excess burden of risk factors for cancer morbidity and mortality. We aimed to learn about cancer prevention activities and collaboration facilitators among rural informal interagency networks. |
35951431 | Allergen Composition, Marketing Claims, and Affordability of Pediatric Sunscreens. | Childhood sun exposure is associated with development of future skin cancers. Sunscreens are an important tool to prevent harmful ultraviolet rays. |
35951442 | Post-Assembly Modification of Protein Cages by Ubc9-Mediated Lysine Acylation. | Although viruses have been successfully repurposed as vaccines, antibiotics, and anticancer therapeutics, they also raise concerns regarding genome integration and immunogenicity. Virus-like particles and non-viral protein cages represent a potentially safer alternative but often lack desired functionality. Here, we investigated the utility of a new enzymatic bioconjugation method, called lysine acylation using conjugating enzymes (LACE), to chemoenzymatically modify protein cages. We equipped two structurally distinct protein capsules with a LACE-reactive peptide tag and demonstrated their modification with diverse ligands. This modular bines the advantages of chemical conjugation and genetic fusion and allows for site-specific modification with binant proteins as well as synthetic peptides with facile control of the extent of labeling. This strategy has the potential to fine-tune protein containers of different shape and size by providing them with new properties that go beyond their biologically native functions. |
35951443 | Multiple Heterohelicenes: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. | Multiple heterohelicenes are a unique class of helical nonplanar scaffolds that have attracted great attention due to their appealing shapes, optical and electronic properties, and potential applications in chiral materials. This review describes the recent advances and challenges in the design and synthesis of representative multiple heterohelicenes with intriguing chiral properties. And the corresponding applications are also covered. |
35951441 | Targeting FAPα-expressing hepatic stellate cells overcomes resistance to antiangiogenics in colorectal cancer liver metastasis models. | Vessel co-option has been demonstrated to mediate colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. The current mechanisms underlying vessel co-option have mainly focused on "hijacker" tumor cells, whereas the function of the "hijackee" sinusoidal blood vessels has not been explored. Here, we found that the occurrence of vessel co-option in bevacizumab-resistant CRCLM xenografts was associated with increased expression of fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) in the co-opted hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which was dramatically attenuated in HSC-specific conditional Fap-knockout mice bearing CRCLM allografts. Mechanistically, bevacizumab treatment induced hypoxia to upregulate the expression of fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 (FGFBP1) in tumor cells. Gain- or loss-of-function experiments revealed that the bevacizumab-resistant tumor cell-derived FGFBP1 induced FAPα expression by enhancing the paracrine FGF2/FGFR1/ERK1/-2/EGR1 signaling pathway in HSCs. FAPα promoted CXCL5 secretion in HSCs, which activated CXCR2 to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells and the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. These findings were further validated in tumor tissues derived from patients with CRCLM. Targeting FAPα+ HSCs effectively disrupted the co-opted sinusoidal blood vessels and overcame bevacizumab resistance. Our study highlights the role of FAPα+ HSCs in vessel co-option and provides an effective strategy to e the vessel co-option-mediated bevacizumab resistance. |
35951444 | Accessibility of Virtual Primary Care for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Study. | The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented increase in the delivery of virtual primary care. Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) plex health care needs, and little is known about the value and appropriateness of virtual care for this patient population. |
35951445 | Provider Perspectives on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Service Disruptions and Adaptations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Baltimore, Maryland: A Qualitative Study. | The COVID-19 pandemic continues driving unprecedented disruptions to health care provision, including HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services. We explored service provider experiences promoting and prescribing PrEP to marginalized populations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Baltimore, Maryland. In February to April 2021, we facilitated four virtual focus group discussions with 20 PrEP providers, representing various professional cadres and practice settings. Employing an iterative, team-based thematic analysis, we identified salient enablers and constraints to PrEP promotion, initiation, and maintenance in the COVID-19 era, along with innovative adaptations to PrEP service delivery. Discussants described attenuated demands for PrEP early in the pandemic, exemplified by high PrEP discontinuation rates. This was attributed to changes in clients' sexual behaviors and shifting priorities, including caregiving responsibilities, during the pandemic. Substantial systems-level disruptions impacting PrEP provision were identified, including outreach service suspension, personnel shortages, and facility restrictions on face-to-face visits. Providers emphasized that these disruptions, though occurring early in the pandemic, had protracted impacts on PrEP accessibility. The transition to telemedicine rendered health care services, including PrEP, more accessible/convenient to some clients and expeditious to providers. However, structural barriers to telehealth engagement (telephone/internet access), coupled with limitations of the virtual care environment (difficulty establishing rapport), impeded efforts to equitably promote and prescribe PrEP. Expanding the PrEP outreach workforce and availing alternatives to telemedicine munity-based PrEP provision, specimen self-collection) could facilitate PrEP care continuity, especially as COVID-19 transitions from an acute to a protracted health crisis. |
35951447 | Utilizing Laboratory Results to Identify Emergency Department Patients with Indications for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. | People newly diagnosed with HIV often have previous contact with health care professionals, often on multiple occasions, including within emergency departments (EDs). Although EDs have e vital partners in routine screening and linkage to care for persons with HIV, ED engagement in HIV prevention efforts, to include HIV risk assessment and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) referral, are rare. In this study, we electronically queried the hospital electronic health record (EHR) for ED encounters in 2019 and 2020 for patients who screened negative for HIV ( |
35951446 | Are Unequal Policies in Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Needed to Improve Equality? An Examination Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles County. | Racial and ethnic minority men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles County (LAC), an important epicenter in the battle to end HIV. We examine tradeoffs between effectiveness and equality of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) allocation strategies among different racial and ethnic groups of MSM in LAC and provide a framework for quantitatively evaluating disparities in HIV es. To do this, we developed a microsimulation model of HIV among MSM in LAC using county epidemic surveillance and survey data to capture demographic trends and subgroup-specific partnership patterns, disease progression, patterns of PrEP use, and patterns for viral suppression. We limit analysis to MSM, who bear most of the burden of HIV/AIDS in LAC. We simulated interventions where 3000, 6000, or 9000 PrEP prescriptions are provided annually in addition to current levels, following different allocation scenarios to each racial/ethnic group (Black, Hispanic, or White). We estimated cumulative infections averted and measures of equality, after 15 years (2021-2035), relative to base case (no intervention). paring allocation strategies on the health equality impact plane, we find that, of the policies evaluated, targeting PrEP preferentially to Black individuals would result in the largest reductions in incidence and disparities across the equality measures we considered. This result was consistent over a range of PrEP coverage levels, demonstrating that there are "win-win" PrEP allocation strategies that do not require a tradeoff between equality and efficiency. |
35951449 | The Boundary of HIV Care: Barriers and Facilitators to Care Engagement Among People with HIV in the United States. | Treating people with HIV (PWH) quickly and effectively to achieve viral suppression is a key strategy for Ending the HIV Epidemic. Understanding barriers and facilitators to HIV care engagement could improve es among PWH and reduce HIV infections. We sampled PWH who participated in the Medical Monitoring Project from June 2018 to May 2019 and were not engaged in HIV care to participate in 60-min semistructured telephone interviews on barriers and facilitators to HIV care engagement. We used applied thematic analysis and placed codes into themes based on their frequency and salience. Participants reported various intrapersonal, health system, and structural barriers to care. We conceptualize the boundary of care as the space between the stages of the HIV care continuum, where PWH may find themselves when they lack intrapersonal, health system, and structural support. Research and interventions tackling these barriers are needed to improve es among PWH and reduce HIV infections. |
35951448 | Characterization of Risk Factors Among Individuals with a History of Incarceration Presenting to a Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic: Implications for HIV and STI Prevention and Care. | More than 2 million people are incarcerated in the United States with many millions more processed through correctional facilities annually. Communities impacted by incarceration are also disproportionately impacted by the HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) epidemics. However, relatively little is known about the behaviors that place individuals with a history of incarceration at risk for HIV/STI acquisition. We utilized clinical data from patients presenting to an STI clinic located in Providence, Rhode Island. A latent class analysis was conducted on reported HIV acquisition risk behavior and STI testing results on a total of 1129 encounters where a history of incarceration was reported. A total of three classes were identified. Class 1 ( |
35951450 | Continuity and coordination of care: conceptual interface and nurses' contributions. | This is a theoretical-reflective study, with the objective of discussing the concepts of continuity and coordination of care, its conceptual interface and nurses' actions for its effectiveness in health services, based on international and national scientific publications. The concepts have been studied for decades and, although they are interrelated, they are used in a similar way, indicating a lack of conceptual understanding. The concept of continuity underwent paradigm shifts and began to adopt patients' perspectives. Currently, it involves interpersonal, longitudinal, management and informational domains. Coordination consists of establishing connections between the possible elements involved in care. It is classified as horizontal and vertical and is organized into categories: sequential, parallel and indirect. Nurses stand out through actions aimed at coordination and continuity at different levels of care, which contributes to strengthening a cohesive and people-centered care. The interface between concepts indicates that, in order to achieve integrated and continuous services, continuity and coordination of care need to be interconnected and act together. |
35951451 | Reaction of Pertechnetate in Highly Alkaline Solution: Synthesis and Characterization of the Nitridotrioxotechnetate Ba[TcO | The preparation of novel technetium oxides, their characterization and the general investigation of technetium chemistry are of significant importance, since fundamental research has so far mainly focused on the group homologues. Whereas the structure chemistry of technetium in strongly oxidizing media is dominated by the |
35951453 | The role of SPDEF in cancer: promoter or suppressor. | SPDEF, as a member of the ETS transcription factor family, was found to play important roles not only in some normal organs but also in some cancers. Scientists found that the significant increase of SPDEF in some cancers promotes tumor development, while some others found that the expression of SPDEF is lost in some cancers, and the loss of SPDEF is related to the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we summarized the function of SPDEF in normal tissues and its dual behaviors in different cancers, which may e a novel target in the diagnosis and therapy of cancers in the future. Besides, the multi-upstream regulatory mechanism of SPDEF plays different regulatory roles in different tumors, deserving further study. Moreover, there is one research, reporting that SPDEF plays a role in promoting mucus production during viral infection, and this may provide new ideas for future research about virus-associated cancer. |
35951452 | Correlation between metastasis-associated gene 1 expression and tumor-associated macrophages in non-small cell lung cancer. | The role of metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) in the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been proved, but its role in the tumor microenvironment is still insufficient. The study was performed to explore the correlation between MTA1 and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in NSCLC. The expression profile data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were downloaded from TCGA database. The tumor-infiltrating immune cells in each LUAD and LUSC patient were estimated using the CIBERSORT method. Then, the online TIMER database containing multiple algorithms was used to analyze the relationship between MTA1 and TAMs. Besides, correlations between MTA1 and TAMs markers were also explored. Additionally, the immunohistochemistry staining of MTA1 protein and CD206 was performed in 75 NSCLC tissue specimens. Associations of MTA1 and CD206 with the clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed, as well as the correlation between MTA1 and CD206. Based on different algorithms, MTA1 expression was correlated with the distribution of infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and negatively correlated with tumor immune-stromal score. MTA1 was associated with TAMs markers according to TCGA database. In 75 NSCLC tissue specimens, the positive rate of MTA1 was 60.00% (45/75), which of CD206 was 42.67% (32/75). The MTA1 expression was significantly correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. The CD206 expression was significantly correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and tumor type. Additionally, we found that MTA1 was positively correlated with CD206 in NSCLC and LUSC. In NSCLC, MTA1 expression was correlated with the infiltrations of different types of macrophages and the expression of TAMs markers, as well as the M2-TAMs marker CD206, suggesting that MTA1-promoting tumor metastasis may mediate the infiltration of different types of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. |
35951454 | Osteopontin and its downstream carcinogenic molecules: regulatory mechanisms and prognostic value in cancer progression. | Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional phosphorylated glycoprotein that is expressed at significantly elevated levels in various cancers. OPN overexpression is closely associated with the development of cancer progression such as proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis resistance, drug resistance, and immunosuppression, and may also be an independent prognostic biomarker for a variety of cancers. This review broadly summarizes the mechanisms that regulate the expression of downstream oncogenic molecules after OPN binds to integrin receptors or CD44 receptors, which involve plex intracellular "signaling traffic network" (including key kinases, signaling pathways, and transcription factors). In addition, we review the prognostic value of OPN, OPN synergistic downstream oncogenic molecules in the female breast, non-small cell lung, prostate, colorectal, gastric, and hepatocellular carcinomas. The prognostic value of OPN in tissues or blood may vary due to differences in study subjects or detection methods, and this aspect of the study requires further systematization with a view to applying the detection of OPN to clinical applications. Importantly, based on the fact that the oncogenic effect of OPN correlates with the expression of the above-mentioned oncogenic molecules, this work may provide some help in the study bination therapy targeting OPN and the above-mentioned oncogenic molecules. |
35951455 | Association between BRAF expression in circulating tumor cells and the clinical feature of patients with multiple myeloma. | Multiple myeloma (MM) is the mon hematological malignancy with uncontrolled proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. Despite treatment improvements, MM remains an incurable disease for most patients. Therefore, promising molecular markers are required for MM treatment decisions. In the present study, we explored the relationship between the BRAF expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the clinical features of patients with MM. The results showed that CTCs were associated with MM staging, and the expression of BRAF was associated with different CTCs. Moreover, the BRAF gene was correlated with patients' white blood cells, blood albumin levels, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score. BRAF expression positively correlated with total CTCs, hybrid CTCs, and mesenchymal CTCs. Taken together, CTCs tightly correlated with the clinical stages and characteristics of MM. Our findings may provide a promising prognosis biomarker for MM treatment decisions. |
35951456 | SPAG1 promotes the development of AML by activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and affects the chemotherapy sensitivity of venetoclax. | Sperm-associated antigen 1 (SPAG1) is considered to be associated with infertility and tumorigenesis. However, its function in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the expression level of SPAG1 and explored its clinical prognostic value in patients with AML, as well as its biological function in AML cells. SPAG1 is widely expressed in AML patients, resulting in a poor prognosis. However, its expression was not associated with Fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations. Utilizing the RNA interference knockdown tests, we found that SPAG1 could promote the proliferation and survival of AML cells and regulate the expression of structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3), activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, we discovered that inhibiting SPAG1 impacted AML cell susceptibility to venetoclax. In conclusion, SPAG1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in AML. |
35951457 | SPARC induces M2 polarization of macrophages to promote proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma cells. | Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a disease that includes a variety of epithelial neoplasms characterized by the differentiation of cholangiocytes. M2 polarization is imperative to the development of CCA cells. In this study, we investigated the influence of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) on M2 polarization and CCA cell growth. We found that the SPARC level was amplified in M2-polarized macrophages and TAMs. In addition, the downregulation of SPARC prevented the M2 polarization of macrophages. Silencing SPARC inhibited the M2 macrophage-mediated effects on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of CCA cells. Additionally, SPARC knockdown blocked the M2 polarization of macrophages by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling. Moreover, an activator of PI3K signaling repressed the effect of SPARC knockdown on the M2 macrophage-induced elevation of proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in CCA cells. In conclusion, SPARC contributes to the M2 polarization of macrophages to promote proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of CCA cells, which provides new insight into the treatment of CCA. |
35951458 | NBR2/miR-561-5p/DLC1 axis inhibited the development of multiple myeloma by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway to repress glycolysis. | Long non-coding RNA NBR2 exerts a tumor-suppressive effect in a variety of cancers, but its role in multiple myeloma (MM) is unclear. This article will elucidate the role of NBR2 in MM. The expressions of NBR2, miR-561-5p, and deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) in MM cell lines were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The regulatory relationship of the NBR2/miR-561-5p/DLC1 axis was predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed via a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effect of NBR2 on the biological behavior of MM cells was verified by loss- and gain-of-function experiments (cell counting kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, extracellular acidification rate, and lactate production measurement). The effects of the NBR2/miR-561-5p axis on the biological behavior of MM cells, the activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway (western blot), and DLC1 expression (western blot) were verified by rescue experiments. The upregulation of NBR2 in MM cell lines induced a decrease in the viability, proliferation capacity, glycolysis, and lactic acid production, and an increase in apoptosis of MM cells. NBR2 regulated the biological behavior of MM cells and the activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway by targeting miR-561-5p. DLC1 was the target gene of miR-561-5p and the protein expression of DLC1 was regulated by the NBR2/miR-561-5p axis. Collectively, NBR2/miR-561-5p/DLC1 axis inhibits the development of MM by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway to repress glycolysis. |
35951459 | Iridium Complex-Loaded Sorafenib Nanocomposites for Synergistic Chemo-photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. | Although sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, has provided noteworthy benefits in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the inevitable side effects, narrow therapeutic window, and low bioavailability seriously affect its clinical application. To be clinically distinctive, innovative drugs must meet the needs of reaching tumor tissues and cause limited side effects to normal organs and tissues. Recently, photodynamic therapy, utilizing bination of a photosensitizer and light irradiation, was selectively accumulated at the tumor site and taken up effectively via inducing apoptosis or necrosis of cancer cells. In this study, a nano-chemo-phototherapy drug was fabricated pose an iridium-based bined with sorafenib (IPS) via a self-assembly process. Compared to the free iridium photosensitizer or sorafenib, the IPS exhibited significantly improved therapeutic efficacy against tumor cells because of the increased cellular uptake and the subsequent simultaneous release of sorafenib and generation of reactive oxygen species production upon 532 nm laser irradiation. To evaluate the effect of synergistic treatment, cytotoxicity detection, live/dead staining, cell proliferative and apoptotic assay, and Western blot were performed. The IPS exhibited sufficient patibility by hemolysis and serum biochemical tests. Also, the results suggested that IPS significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. More importantly, marked anti-tumor growth effects via inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting tumor cell death were observed in an orthotopic xenograft HCC model. Therefore, our newly proposed nanotheranostic agent bined chemotherapeutic and photodynamic therapy notably improves the therapeutic effect of sorafenib and has the potential to be a new alternative option for HCC treatment. |
35951460 | Attitudes and Beliefs of End-of-Life Care Among Blackfeet Indians. | Disparity in hospice use threatens optimal quality of life during the final stage of life while American Indians/Alaska Natives may not be aware of hospice benefits. Our established Blackfeet members and Montana State University collaborative team conducted a modified Duke End-of-Life Care Survey (8 sections with 60 questions) to assess a baseline end-of-life values, beliefs, and attitudes of Blackfeet individuals. In this manuscript, we present the results of 3 sections with 28 questions: Preference of Care; Beliefs About Dying, Truth Telling, and Advance Care Planning; and Hospice Care by examining overall and generational differences. Most participants (n = 92) chose quality of life over quantity of life with using various devices if they had an incurable disease (54-82%), would want to know if they were dying (92%) or had cancer (89%), but had not thought or talked about their preference of end-of-life care (30% and 35% respectively). The results portray understandable cultural context as well as generational differences with personal variability. While an affirmative shift towards hospice was emerging, dissemination of accurate hospice information would benefit people in the munity. In conclusion, an individual-centered approach-understanding individual need first-may be the most appropriate and effective strategy to promote hospice information and its use. |
35951461 | Nursing students doing gender: Implications for higher education and the nursing profession. | The average age of women nursing students in Australia is rising. With es the likelihood that more now begin university with family responsibilities, and with their lives structured by the roles of mother and partner. Women with more traditionally gendered ideas of these roles, such as nurturing others and self-sacrifice, are known to be attracted to nursing as a profession; once at university, however, these students can be vulnerable to gender role stress from peting demands of study. A qualitative research design, guided by Gadamer's hermeneutic philosophy, explored the gendered behaviours and experiences of 22 women nursing students, all of whom had children and began university in a heterosexual intimate relationship. The findings reveal traditional ideas of gender were almost universal among participants, and these ideas had a significant influence on the nursing degree experience. monly prioritised family over the university and practiced maternal gatekeeping (prevention of male partner involvement in domestic work). These traditionally gendered behaviours, coupled with experiences of gender role stress, had a detrimental impact on participants' capacity to study and their personal wellbeing. The importance of these findings to the burgeoning nursing workforce shortage nursing is considered in terms of student retention and the supply of graduates into the profession. The implications to the nursing profession are also explored against the evidence that nursing students with traditional gender beliefs are less likely to develop as autonomous, critical thinking pared to their gender-egalitarian peers. The introduction of gender theory via critical pedagogy in the undergraduate nursing degree curriculum is mended to enlighten and empower women nursing students and promote petence, agility, and sustainability of the nursing profession. |
35951464 | Photocatalytic Removal of the Greenhouse Gas Nitrous Oxide by Liposomal Microreactors. | Nitrous oxide (N |
35951463 | Mediating effect of kinesiophobia between self-efficacy and physical activity levels in post-CABG patients: protocol for a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study in China. | Physical activity (PA) can improve cardiac function, exercise capacity, and quality of life, in addition to reducing mortality by 20%-30% and preventing the recurrence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). However, PA levels are low in patients after CABG. This study intends to explore the mediating effect of kinesiophobia between self-efficacy and PA levels in patients following CABG. |
35951466 | International consensus recommendations for management of New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) including Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES): Summary and Clinical Tools. | To develop consensus-based mendations for the management of adult and pediatric patients with NORSE/FIRES based on best available evidence and expert opinion. |
35951468 | Tooth extraction within 2 weeks before radiotherapy and osteoradionecrosis: A nationwide cohort study. | The theory of at least 2-week waiting period between tooth extraction and head and neck radiotherapy could reduce osteoradionecrosis remains controversial. Thus, this study examined the theory and associated factors. |
35951462 | Promoting metacognition in an allied health anatomy course. | Metacognition, the ability to self-regulate one's learning and performance, has been shown to improve student es. Anatomy is recognized as one of the toughest courses in allied health curricula, and students could benefit from metacognitive activities. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in metacognition of allied health students in an anatomy course and identify which groups need support with this skill. First-year physician assistant (MPAS), physical therapy (DPT), and occupational therapy (OTD) students (n = 129) were invited to participate. At the beginning and end of the course, pleted a questionnaire including the metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) that assesses metacognition. Students were also asked to reflect on their examination performances using a modified Likert scale and participated in reflective discussion boards to encourage development of metacognitive skills, which were thematically analyzed. Paired metacognition scores had increased significantly by the end of the course. However, middle-performers anticipated high grades and were less satisfied with their grade, indicating a disconnect in their pared to high- and low-performers. Students' receptiveness to modifying study strategies to improve performance declined throughout the course; by mid-way through, they relied more on existing strategies. Increasing time constraints were frequently cited as a major factor when considering study strategies and modification of such strategies. To maximize the effectiveness of metacognitive activities, they should be positioned early in the course when students are most receptive. In addition, middle performers may benefit from additional support to improve metacognition. |
35951470 | Nearly-Unity Quantum Yield and 12-Hour Afterglow from a Transparent Perovskite of Cs | Unlike afterglow phosphors, transparent crystals free of scattering issues hold great potential in applications such as volumetric displays and three-dimensional encryption. Here, a double-perovskite host of ca. 85 % transparency, a Cs |
35951472 | Initial Recognition and Attachment of the Zika Virus to Host Cells: A Molecular Dynamics and Quantum Interaction Approach. | The zika virus (ZIKV), transmitted to humans from the bites of Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus mosquitoes produces Zika fever and neurodegenerative disorders that despite affecting millions of people, most recently in Africa and the Americas, has been declared a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization. In this work, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations followed by rigorous analysis of the intermolecular interactions reveal crucial aspects of the initial virus⋯cell molecular recognition and attachment, events that trigger the infectious cycle. Previous experimental studies have shown that Dermatan Sulfate (DS) and Chondroitin Sulfate A (CSA), two glycosaminoglycans which are actually epimers to each other and that are structural constituents of receptors expressed in cell membranes, are the preferred anchorage sites, with a marked preference for DS. Our calculations rationalize this preference from a molecular perspective as follows: when free of the virus, DS has one sulfate group that does not participate in intramolecular strong hydrogen bonds, thus, it is readily available to interact with the envelope protein of the virus (Zika-E), then, after formation of plexes, Zika-E⋯DS exhibits ten strong salt brides connecting the two fragments against only six salt bridges and two hydrogen bonds in Zika-E⋯CSA. Our plement the current view of the interaction between the virus and the receptor glycosoaminoglycans revealing that the negatively charged carboxylate groups in CSA and DS are just as important as the sulfates because of the formation of equally strong salt bridges with the positively charged Arginine and Lysine aminoacids in the envelope protein of the virus. |
35951471 | Hippo-YAP signaling activation and cross-talk with PI3K in oral cancer: A retrospective cohort study. | This study aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic relevance of the Hippo-YAP transactivators YAP1 and TAZ in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and their possible relationship with PI3K/mTOR pathway activation. |
35951474 | Formation of a Strong Heterogeneous Aluminum Lewis Acid on Silica. | Al(OC(CF |
35951476 | Insights into the human gut virome by sampling a population from the Indian subcontinent. | Gut virome plays an important role in human physiology but remains poorly understood. This study reports an investigation of the human gut DNA-virome of a previously unexplored ethnic population through metagenomics of faecal samples collected from individuals residing in Northern India. Analysis shows that, similar to the populations investigated earlier, majority of the identified virome belongs to bacteriophages and a smaller fraction (<20 %) consists of viruses that infect animals, archaea, protists, multiple domains or plants. However, crAss-like phages, in this population, are dominated by the genera VI, VII and VIII. Interestingly, it also reveals the presence of a virus family, |
35951477 | Accurate identification of taxon-specific molecular markers in plants based on DNA signature sequence. | Accurate identification of plants remains a significant challenge for taxonomists and is the basis for plant diversity conservation. Although DNA barcoding methods monly used for plant identification, these are limited by the low amplification success and low discriminative power of selected genomic regions. In this study, we developed a k-mer-based approach, the DNA signature sequence (DSS), to accurately identify plant taxon-specific markers, especially at the species level. DSS is a constant-length nucleotide sequence capable of identifying a taxon and distinguishing it from other taxa. In this study, we performed the first large-scale study of DSS markers in plants. DSS candidates of 3899 angiosperm plant species were calculated based on a chloroplast data set with 4356 assemblies. Using Sanger sequencing of PCR amplicons and high-throughput sequencing, DSSs were validated in four and 165 species, respectively. Based on this, the universality of the DSSs was over 79.38%. Several indicators influencing DSS marker identification and detection have also been evaluated, mon criteria for DSS application in plant identification have been proposed. |
35951478 | bESC from cloned embryos do not retain transcriptomic or epigenetic memory from somatic donor cells. | Epigenetic reprogramming after mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer is often plete, resulting in low efficiency of cloning. However, gene expression and histone modification analysis indicated high similarities in transcriptome and epigenomes of bovine embryonic stem cells from in vitro fertilized and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. |
35951479 | A unique hub-and-spoke model to optimize patient management in lymphoma using novel chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in Southeast and South Asia. | Novel therapeutic options for cancer offer hope for patients and their families, particularly when the cancer has not responded to established treatment regimens. The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapeutic approach has changed the treatment paradigm for relapsed or refractory lymphoma, extending the capacity of the patient's own T cells to detect and eliminate cancer cells through genetic modification of T-cell surface receptors. The process of establishing treatment centers and developing clinical expertize in this novel treatment strategy plex. Time, resources, and mitment to focusing health budgets on a new area are required. Currently, Singapore is the only country in southeast and south Asia with market authorization of the CAR-T product, tisagenlecleucel. Availability of CAR-T treatment across international borders provides patients in neighboring countries with choice in therapeutic options. This paper describes the unique hub-and-spoke cross-border collaboration developed between Singapore and its neighbors to provide access to CAR-T cell therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma. To date in 2022, four patients have been included in the CAR-T treatment cross-border collaboration. Their stay in Singapore has been about 2 months' duration, including the pre-treatment evaluation, apheresis, CAR-T cell infusion and post-treatment monitoring. Patient support from referring and treating physicians, critical to the success of the undertaking, is characterized by munication, patient selection, multi-disciplinary care, post-treatment monitoring, and attention to detail. The patient journey and the development and implementation of this unique collaboration are discussed. |
35951481 | The physiological functions of human peroxisomes. | Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles that play a central role in human physiology by catalyzing a range of unique metabolic functions. The importance of peroxisomes for human health is exemplified by the existence of a group of usually severe diseases caused by an impairment in one or more peroxisomal functions. Among others these include the Zellweger spectrum disorders, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, and Refsum disease. To fulfill their role in metabolism, peroxisomes require continued interaction with other subcellular organelles including lipid droplets, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. In recent years it has e clear that the metabolic alliance between peroxisomes and other organelles requires the active participation of tethering proteins to bring the organelles physically closer together, thereby achieving efficient transfer of metabolites. This review intends to describe the current state of knowledge about the metabolic role of peroxisomes in humans, with particular emphasis on the metabolic partnership between peroxisomes and other organelles and the consequences of genetic defects in these processes. We also describe the biogenesis of peroxisomes and the consequences of the multiple genetic defects therein. In addition, we discuss the functional role of peroxisomes in different organs and tissues and include relevant information derived from model systems, notably peroxisomal mouse models. Finally, we pay particular attention to a hitherto underrated role of peroxisomes in viral infections. |
35951480 | Prevalence of polycystic kidney disease in Persian and Persian-related cats in western Mexico. | Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most frequently diagnosed hereditary disease affecting Persian cats, is caused by a cytosine-to-adenine transversion (10063C>A) in |
35951483 | Neutrophil extracellular traps in the pathology of cancer and other inflammatory diseases. | Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, first described in 2004 as a previously unknown strategy of neutrophils to fight microbes, has attracted an increasing interest in the munity. NETs are formed when neutrophils externalize their decondensed chromatin together with content from their azurophilic granules. In addition to their role in defense against microbes, NETs have been implicated as mediators of pathology in sterile inflammation, such as cancer and autoimmunity, and their potential as therapeutic targets is actively explored. However, targeting of NETs is challenging since the beneficial effects of their removal need to be balanced against the potential harmful loss of their function in microbial defense. Moreover, depending on the stimuli or species, NETs can be formed via distinct mechanisms and are not always made up of the ponents, making parisons between various studies challenging. This review focuses on the role of NETs in cancer-associated pathology, such as thrombosis, organ dysfunction, and metastasis. Different strategies to target NETs, by either preventing their formation or degrading existing ones, are also discussed. |
35951484 | Vital Signs: Hepatitis C Treatment Among Insured Adults - United States, 2019-2020. | Over 2 million adults in the United States have hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and it contributes to approximately 14,000 deaths a year. Eight to 12 weeks of highly effective direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment, which can cure ≥95% of cases, is mended for persons with hepatitis C. |
35951485 | Application of palaeogenetic techniques to historic mollusc shells reveals phylogeographic structure in a New Zealand abalone. | Natural history collections worldwide contain a plethora of mollusc shells. Recent studies have detailed the sequencing of DNA extracted from shells up to thousands of years old and from various taphonomic and preservational contexts. However, previous approaches have largely addressed methodological rather than evolutionary research questions. Here, we report the generation of DNA sequence data from mollusc shells using such techniques, applied to Haliotis virginea Gmelin, 1791, a New Zealand abalone, in which morphological variation has led to the recognition of several forms and subspecies. We successfully recovered plete mitogenomes from 22 specimens including 12 dry-preserved shells up to 60 years old. We used bination of palaeogenetic techniques that have not previously been applied to shell, including DNA extraction optimized for ultra-short fragments and hybridization-capture of single-stranded DNA libraries. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three major, well-supported prising samples from: (1) The Three Kings Islands; (2) the Auckland, Chatham and Antipodes Islands; and (3) mainland New Zealand and Campbell Island. This phylogeographic structure does not correspond to the currently recognized forms. Critically, our nonreliance on freshly collected or ethanol-preserved samples enabled inclusion of topotypes of all recognized subspecies as well as additional difficult-to-sample populations. Broader application of paratively cost-effective and reliable methods to modern, historical, archaeological and palaeontological shell samples has the potential to revolutionize invertebrate genetic research. |
35951486 | COVID-19 Self-Test Data: Challenges and Opportunities - United States, October 31, 2021-June 11, 2022. | Self-tests* to detect current infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are valuable tools that guide individual decision-making and risk reduction |
35951490 | Out-of-Pocket expenditure and patient experience of care under-Indonesia's national health insurance: A cross-sectional facility-based study in six provinces. | Low- and e countries worldwide are striving to achieve universal health coverage (UHC), frequently through expansion of statutory health insurance schemes. However, oftentimes evidence is lacking on progress towards quality patient-centred care and out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), particularly for poor population groups. We contribute patient-centred evidence examining patient experience and OOPE under JKN, the Indonesian social health insurance. |