Datasets:

---

longluu

/

covid-qa-split

like 0

{ "text": [ "nfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), para-influenza virus (PIV), and adenovirus" ], "answer_start": [ 3914 ] }

{ "text": [ "the prevalence of different respiratory viral infections in causing exacerbations in chronic airway inflammatory diseases." ], "answer_start": [ 1384 ] }

{ "text": [ "gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)" ], "answer_start": [ 4991 ] }

{ "text": [ "inefficient" ], "answer_start": [ 46358 ] }

{ "text": [ "calcium" ], "answer_start": [ 1085 ] }

{ "text": [ "periodically taking time off" ], "answer_start": [ 12348 ] }

{ "text": [ "850,000" ], "answer_start": [ 2363 ] }

{ "text": [ "post-transcriptionally control expression of crucial inflammatory factors in various tissues and their potential therapeutic applications" ], "answer_start": [ 4022 ] }

{ "text": [ "The immunodominant portions of the HA and NA molecules undergo a constant process of antigenic drift, a natural accumulation of mutations" ], "answer_start": [ 5161 ] }

{ "text": [ "demographics, history of recent travel to affected areas, close contact with a probable or confirmed COVID-19 case, underlying conditions, signs and symptoms of disease at onset, type of specimens from which the virus was detected, and clinical outcome." ], "answer_start": [ 3802 ] }

{ "text": [ "due to the interplay between virus and pathogenic bacteria in exacerbating chronic airway inflammatory diseases" ], "answer_start": [ 24713 ] }

{ "text": [ "disrupt the equilibrium of the mucociliary function following viral infection, resulting in symptoms of acute exacerbation" ], "answer_start": [ 28495 ] }

{ "text": [ "bats are natural reservoirs for viruses that have some of the highest fatality rates of any viruses that people acquire from wild animals -including rabies, Ebola and the SARS coronavirus." ], "answer_start": [ 4964 ] }

{ "text": [ "February 2013" ], "answer_start": [ 3243 ] }

{ "text": [ "reactive oxygen species (ROS)" ], "answer_start": [ 20534 ] }

{ "text": [ "one structural (P1-capsid) and two nonstructural (P2 and P3) regions" ], "answer_start": [ 4508 ] }

{ "text": [ "the presence of environmental factors such as allergens, pollutants, smoke, cold or dry air and pathogenic microbes in the airway" ], "answer_start": [ 3501 ] }

{ "text": [ "may also promote further epithelial remodeling during its regeneration as viral infection induces the expression of remodeling genes such as MMPs and growth factors . Infections that cause massive destruction of the epithelium, such as IFV, usually result in severe acute exacerbations with non-classical symptoms of chronic airway inflammatory diseases." ], "answer_start": [ 21116 ] }

{ "text": [ "The categorization of hantaviruses as belonging to the family Bunyaviridae is due in part to" ], "answer_start": [ 4725 ] }

{ "text": [ "E1-A226V virus was 100 times more infective to Ae. albopictus than it was to Ae. aegypti" ], "answer_start": [ 9075 ] }

{ "text": [ "nucleoplasm and the nucleolus" ], "answer_start": [ 519 ] }

{ "text": [ "weekly proportion of laboratory tests that are positive for influenza" ], "answer_start": [ 404 ] }

{ "text": [ "United Kingdom (UK)" ], "answer_start": [ 2861 ] }

{ "text": [ "because it determines the strength of public health response required." ], "answer_start": [ 7346 ] }

{ "text": [ "arboviruses" ], "answer_start": [ 1906 ] }

{ "text": [ "denaturation step" ], "answer_start": [ 9620 ] }

{ "text": [ "non-enveloped, rod-shaped viruses of Escherichia coli whose long helical capsids encapsulate a single-stranded circular DNA genome." ], "answer_start": [ 2053 ] }

{ "text": [ "the fever-CT control room,\nfever-DR control room, and other patient examination access areas." ], "answer_start": [ 11408 ] }

{ "text": [ "the role of HPV infection in causing chronic inflammation in the airway and their association to exacerbations of chronic airway inflammatory diseases, which is scarcely explored" ], "answer_start": [ 18818 ] }

{ "text": [ "for 24 h" ], "answer_start": [ 43986 ] }

{ "text": [ "human papilloma virus (HPV), a DNA virus highly associated with head and neck cancers and respiratory papillomatosis," ], "answer_start": [ 18519 ] }

{ "text": [ "in time series prediction and forecasting problems" ], "answer_start": [ 3197 ] }

{ "text": [ "1.5 to 1.6 times" ], "answer_start": [ 25180 ] }

{ "text": [ "HCoV" ], "answer_start": [ 5069 ] }

{ "text": [ "inherent biological, biochemical, and biophysical properties of filamentous bacteriophage, as well as the ease of its genetic manipulation" ], "answer_start": [ 532 ] }

{ "text": [ "48 h" ], "answer_start": [ 7152 ] }

{ "text": [ "two bat SARS-related-CoV (Bat-CoV YNLF_31C and YNLF_34C)" ], "answer_start": [ 11772 ] }

{ "text": [ "expression of AID" ], "answer_start": [ 2230 ] }

{ "text": [ "Diplomacy bridging long-standing mistrust of public health and biomedical interventions and facilitating engagement with contentious actors" ], "answer_start": [ 5553 ] }

{ "text": [ "across the Arabian Peninsula and in parts of Africa" ], "answer_start": [ 679 ] }

{ "text": [ "infections will increase (dependent on how much greater than 1 the reproduction number is)" ], "answer_start": [ 7073 ] }

{ "text": [ "to evaluate the effectiveness of zinc supplementation on diarrhea and average daily weight gain (ADG) in pre-weaned dairy calves" ], "answer_start": [ 500 ] }

{ "text": [ "a higher neutrophil count and low T-cell counts" ], "answer_start": [ 13463 ] }

{ "text": [ "emerging zoonotic diseases" ], "answer_start": [ 1609 ] }

{ "text": [ "an accessory protein found in the Betacoronavirus lineage B coronaviruses" ], "answer_start": [ 11292 ] }

{ "text": [ "cytokines" ], "answer_start": [ 491 ] }

{ "text": [ "Two assays were used for the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene and E gene where E gene assay acts as the first-line screening tool and RdRp gene assay as the confirmatory testing." ], "answer_start": [ 21080 ] }

{ "text": [ "Phase I clinical trials on SARS or MERS vaccines" ], "answer_start": [ 11692 ] }

{ "text": [ "those 5 to 14\nyears of age accounted for a disproportionate number of\ninfluenza cases, but had a much lower death rate from\ninfluenza and pneumonia than other age groups." ], "answer_start": [ 23541 ] }

{ "text": [ "break the vicious cycle of escalating therapeutic development costs and trivial escape mutant selection, both quickly and in multiple places." ], "answer_start": [ 3058 ] }

{ "text": [ "BRT utilizes regression trees and boosting algorithms to fit several models and combines them for improving prediction by performing iterative loop throughout the model" ], "answer_start": [ 25944 ] }

{ "text": [ "more than 400 human cases" ], "answer_start": [ 2048 ] }

{ "text": [ "tyrosine phosphatases, serine/threonine phosphatases, and dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs)" ], "answer_start": [ 3672 ] }

{ "text": [ "rhinovirus (23.4%), influenza A not H1N1 (21.2%) and influenza B (12.6%)" ], "answer_start": [ 7961 ] }

{ "text": [ "having been tested for gene delivery and anti-cancer agents, as well as for infectious disease vaccines" ], "answer_start": [ 8111 ] }

{ "text": [ "whole virus inactivated, split virus inactivated, and subunit vaccines." ], "answer_start": [ 2912 ] }

{ "text": [ "direct viral toxicity, acting through the inhibition of endothelial cell barrier function" ], "answer_start": [ 18893 ] }

{ "text": [ "cytokine storm'" ], "answer_start": [ 3853 ] }

{ "text": [ "is a hybrid of FPA and SSA, in which the SSA is applied as a local search method for FPA" ], "answer_start": [ 6983 ] }

{ "text": [ "to trigger intracellular stress pathways and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes" ], "answer_start": [ 12853 ] }

{ "text": [ "over half" ], "answer_start": [ 18779 ] }

{ "text": [ "heparan sulfates in the membrane proteins" ], "answer_start": [ 1727 ] }

{ "text": [ "the phage’s large population sizes and fast generation times" ], "answer_start": [ 1387 ] }

{ "text": [ "in a bat and in many dromedary camels (DC)." ], "answer_start": [ 608 ] }

{ "text": [ ", the C i series, as an exponential growi" ], "answer_start": [ 5150 ] }

{ "text": [ "combination of minimized cross reaction and higher signal intensity" ], "answer_start": [ 9317 ] }

{ "text": [ "Droplet spread between humans" ], "answer_start": [ 45254 ] }

{ "text": [ "through PAMP-PRR interactions and other means" ], "answer_start": [ 16691 ] }

{ "text": [ "mixed respiratory infections and IP-10 may play major, interconnected roles in the pathogenesis of pneumonia" ], "answer_start": [ 23964 ] }

{ "text": [ "kit developed by the BGI have passed emergency approval procedure of the National Medical Products Administration, and are currently used in clinical and surveillance centers of China" ], "answer_start": [ 11200 ] }

{ "text": [ "distribution is Gamma distributed with mean 5.1 days and coefficient of variation\n0.86" ], "answer_start": [ 37238 ] }

{ "text": [ "collected two to three weeks apart" ], "answer_start": [ 22859 ] }

{ "text": [ "VP1-VP4, VP6 and VP7" ], "answer_start": [ 4217 ] }

{ "text": [ "H275Y" ], "answer_start": [ 14705 ] }

{ "text": [ "the best mode of verification of the associations of the virus with the proposed mechanism of viral induced acute exacerbations" ], "answer_start": [ 34966 ] }

{ "text": [ "with an outbreak that occurred among United Nations troops during the Korean conflict between 1951 and 1954" ], "answer_start": [ 4055 ] }

{ "text": [ "(1) vaccine candidates that elicit protective antibodies; (2) antibodies that prevent disease when given prophylactically; and (3) antibodies that can be given as therapy after the onset of disease." ], "answer_start": [ 2996 ] }

{ "text": [ "influenza is an acute respiratory disease" ], "answer_start": [ 2637 ] }

{ "text": [ "bisegmented, negative-sense, single stranded RNA genome" ], "answer_start": [ 9282 ] }

{ "text": [ "veterinarians" ], "answer_start": [ 2560 ] }

{ "text": [ "two to three times more frequently" ], "answer_start": [ 2026 ] }

{ "text": [ "50%" ], "answer_start": [ 11218 ] }

{ "text": [ "31 cases" ], "answer_start": [ 7077 ] }

{ "text": [ "Influenza Virus gene\nsequences from a number offixed specimens ofwild birds\ncollected circa 1918 show little difference from avian\nViruses isolated today, indicating that avian Viruses likely\nundergo little antigenic change in their natural hosts even\nover long periods" ], "answer_start": [ 15425 ] }

{ "text": [ "transparent sharing of information between countries and agencies" ], "answer_start": [ 5113 ] }

{ "text": [ "HRVs, coronaviruses (CoV), influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza viruses (PIV)" ], "answer_start": [ 4174 ] }

{ "text": [ "the construction of a chimeric CoV with a bat CoV S gene (SHC014) in the backbone of a SARS CoV that has adapted to infect mice (MA15) and is capable of infecting human cells" ], "answer_start": [ 2585 ] }

{ "text": [ "monoclonal antibody-based capture ELISA targeting the MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein" ], "answer_start": [ 13821 ] }

{ "text": [ "Reduced TNFα production by NK cells" ], "answer_start": [ 21220 ] }

{ "text": [ "Clinically and pathologically, these\nhigh death rates appear to be the result of several factors,\nincluding a higher proportion of severe and complicated\ninfections of the respiratory tract, rather than involvement\nof organ systems outside the normal range of the influenza\nVirus. Also, the deaths were concentrated in an unusually\nyoung age group" ], "answer_start": [ 27603 ] }

{ "text": [ "All of the CHIKV strains isolated from Mayotte carried the E1-A226V mutation, and the mutation was also found in Madagascar in 2007 [" ], "answer_start": [ 8291 ] }

{ "text": [ "Neutralising antibodies were detected in 50% participants at one or more time points during the study, but only 3% maintained neutralisation activity to end of study." ], "answer_start": [ 13511 ] }

{ "text": [ "mild skin infections to fatal necrotizing pneumonia" ], "answer_start": [ 10739 ] }

{ "text": [ "harmful inflammation" ], "answer_start": [ 5425 ] }

{ "text": [ "Disease outbreaks further reduce access to limited healthcare, which is increasingly disrupted by attacks on health facilities and the persistent overburdening of health systems." ], "answer_start": [ 1472 ] }

{ "text": [ "Recent advances in in vitro air-liquid interface 3D cultures, organoid cultures and the use of novel human and animal challenge models" ], "answer_start": [ 835 ] }

{ "text": [ "75,000" ], "answer_start": [ 1976 ] }

{ "text": [ "up to 98%" ], "answer_start": [ 2043 ] }

{ "text": [ "Gram-positive bacterium" ], "answer_start": [ 4284 ] }

{ "text": [ "made up of ∼2,500-4,000 overlapping copies of the 50-residue major coat protein, pVIII, arranged in a shingle-type lattice. Each monomer has an array of chemically addressable groups available for bioorthogonal conjugation, including two primary amine groups (shown in red), three carboxyl groups (show in blue) and two hydroxyl groups (show in green). The 12 N-terminal residues generally exposed to the immune system for antibody binding" ], "answer_start": [ 35657 ] }