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Indicate the correct answer regarding the management of hypoglycemic events in people with diabetes, users of automatic insulin administration systems: | They need a higher consumption of carbohydrates to recover the glycemic situation. | They need a lower consumption of carbohydrates to return to euglycemia. | The hypoglycemia events disappear. | Nursing | They need to apply the rule of 15. | 71 | 1 | c5087283-2de0-4499-af3a-0757f7b4024b | 2023 |
What does the expression "Patient with pseudophakia" refer to? | Patient who has undergone eye surgery to remove the lens and in its place an intraocular lens has been inserted. | Patient who has undergone surgery to establish an unnatural gastric access. | Patient with speech difficulties that are corrected with a voice assistance device. | Nursing | Patient presenting a congenital malformation with the presence of sexual characteristics contrary to their phenotypic sex. | 72 | 2 | 0c2da5d0-adb0-4e03-99c6-c83fa8a5935c | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following statements is correct regarding the term "pyrogenic substances": | The terms pyrogenic substances and endotoxins can be used synonymously. | Endotoxins are NOT part of pyrogenic substances. | Pyrogenic substances are defined as those capable of stimulating immunocompetent cells without developing an inflammatory response. | Nursing | Pyrogenic substances are defined as those capable of stimulating immunocompetent cells and developing an inflammatory response. | 73 | 3 | bc8332ae-938b-477d-b71b-ada632d8e94a | 2023 |
According to the classification of Gell and Coombs, what type of allergic reaction is characterized by being primarily mediated by immunoglobulins G, forming antigen-antibody complexes and whose symptoms are arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, skin rashes, hives, fever and vasculitis? | Type II: Cytolytic reaction. | Type I: Anaphylactic reaction. | Type IV: Delayed hypersensitivity reaction. | Nursing | Type III: Arthus Reaction. | 74 | 3 | 09f350c0-cd30-47b6-8302-f87287468653 | 2023 |
Which muscles make up the group known as the hamstrings? | Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, femoral biceps and gluteus maximus. | Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris. | Semimembranosus, ischium, femoral biceps and inner rectus. | Nursing | Semimembranosus, ischium, and femoral biceps. | 75 | 1 | 45e7c427-a560-417e-bbb8-c9177a0120a0 | 2023 |
What is keratoconus? | Fleshy conjunctival lesion in a triangular shape extending to the cornea. | A cataract of the lens. | It is a disease of the retina. | Nursing | Thinning and progressive protrusion of the central cornea. | 76 | 3 | e14e71f3-bd8c-42b5-88c7-f441e612c212 | 2023 |
Medical Products are classified as "long-term use" based on their duration when they are: | Normally intended for continuous use over a period of up to fifteen days. | Normally intended for continuous use for less than sixty minutes. | Usually intended to be used continuously for a period of more than thirty days. | Nursing | Normally intended to be used continuously for a period of up to thirty days. | 77 | 4 | 72be80e9-afb7-44e5-ab77-fce09ee357e5 | 2023 |
What is the function of the drugs Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate (SZC) administered to a patient undergoing a Hemodialysis program? | Serum phosphorus control. | Serum potassium control. | Serum control of urea. | Nursing | Serum control of creatinine. | 78 | 1 | 8789cd76-f8bc-43cd-9d07-96f7cda55b6a | 2023 |
After having dinner two hours ago with mushroom crêpes from the Clitocybe and Inocybe genus, a patient arrives at the emergency room presenting symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, salivation, bronchorrhea, miosis, bradycardia and hypotension. Which of the following drugs would be preferably recommended?: | Methylprednisolone. | Dexchlorpheniramine. | Pilocarpine. | Nursing | Atropine. | 79 | 3 | ea1a92fe-448a-4058-840d-e6574e3b0e71 | 2023 |
In the treatment of alcoholism, what drug is used to control impulsivity, hyperexcitability, and trembling during the withdrawal phase? | Naltrexone. | Carbamazepine. | Thiamine (vitamin B1). | Nursing | Disulfiram. | 80 | 1 | 24e82d9e-fc3e-4353-8273-4f007ed072f3 | 2023 |
Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is classified according to its mechanism of action as a calcium channel blocker?: | Enalapril. | Amlodipine. | Candesartan. | Nursing | Doxazosin. | 81 | 1 | 6b52cf63-332d-4047-b22e-890f319fb1c0 | 2023 |
What physiological change in the elderly affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs?: | The decrease in albumin increases the free fraction of certain drugs and therefore their ensuing toxicity. | The increase in gastric pH and delay in gastric emptying increase the rate of absorption. | The reduction of glomerular function shortens the half-life of drugs excreted through the renal pathway. | Nursing | Phase II metabolic processes (conjugation) are more affected than those of phase I (oxidation and reduction mediated by CYP450). | 82 | 2 | 38e651ef-700e-4ecf-ad24-00d3a83f8824 | 2023 |
What is the mechanism of action of statins as a lipid-lowering drug? | They reduce cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. | They block the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. | The concentrations of VLDL decrease and therefore those of LDL, in addition to providing a desired effect in the reduction of triglycerides and increase of HDL. | Nursing | They are chelating resins or bile acid sequestrants that bind to these, increasing their excretion with the feces. | 83 | 2 | 18a27d00-e69d-4234-bb3f-513a69d10a08 | 2023 |
What effect does the activation of β2-adrenergic receptors produce? | Gluconeogenesis. | Vasoconstriction. | Contraction of the gastrointestinal tube. | Nursing | Bronchodilation. | 84 | 3 | 736e5b80-982a-4a23-9b7d-59183831001d | 2023 |
What adverse effects does aciclovir produce? | Constipation and vitamin B12 deficiency. | Hypovolemia and hyponatremia. | Nausea and skin rash. | Nursing | Stomatitis and muscle cramps. | 85 | 4 | fd1669e1-7ab6-4a44-afcb-d78937b4f43b | 2023 |
Which opioid presents a higher analgesic potency? | Methadone. | Morphine. | Fentanyl. | Nursing | Meperidine. | 86 | 4 | 012b5ea8-64b7-4845-8478-d0e7cf30c6f3 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct answer about drugs within the group of benzodiazepines: | Its beneficial effects include sedation, amnesia, and anticonvulsant action. | They inhibit the inhibitory action on the peripheral nervous system of gamma-aminobutyric acid. | Midazolam produces slower sedation and has a longer half-life than diazepam. | Nursing | In case of overdose or adverse reactions, its action is reversed with naloxone. | 87 | 2 | a38addce-14ad-426e-bed6-5ee461dfd983 | 2023 |
Appropriate measures for infection control in the surgical area are: | The ambient temperature should be maintained between 21 and 24 degrees Celsius, with humidity lower than 75-80%. | The doors of the operating room must be sliding. | Type I healthcare waste (municipal waste) that originates from inside the operating room will be systematically treated as if it were contaminated (Type II). | Nursing | "Dirty" interventions will preferably be carried out at the beginning of the day to eliminate all the materials used. | 88 | 1 | fa4775e8-6dcd-45cc-ab19-8cea97209e05 | 2023 |
Which of the following options is correct regarding the Arnold Chiari Malformation? | Valsalva maneuvers should be recommended to avoid worsening of headaches. | It occurs when part of the skull is larger than normal. | The Arnold Chiari Type I malformation is always asymptomatic. Symptoms appear in Types II and III. | Nursing | The symptoms correspond to the occipital hole syndrome, with the Lhermitte sign possibly appearing. | 89 | 3 | 0a67649c-f596-4c82-8f7d-e191545123be | 2023 |
Your patient verbalizes that, "I fall when I close my eyes, if I cover my face with a towel, or I get up in the dark." Upon examination, a "positive Romberg sign, deep sensitivity alterations in the feet, and achilles and patellar areflexia" are detected. This clinical presentation may be related to: | Vestibular dysfunction. | Pyramidal paresis. | Sensory ataxia. | Nursing | Cerebellar ataxia. | 90 | 4 | 6b71c4a7-1bb8-413f-b64e-620c4329f490 | 2023 |
Among the immediate complications of stomas, it does not include: | Hemorrhage. | Necrosis. | Dehiscence. | Nursing | Granuloma. | 91 | 3 | 5cea2a76-7b9f-4a09-888d-33bb3d8626f0 | 2023 |
Dyssynergic defecation is referred to by any of the following terms except: | Paradoxical contraction of the pelvic floor. | Pelvic floor dyssynergia. | Loose pelvic floor syndrome. | Nursing | Anismus. | 92 | 4 | 6dddc8d2-51c0-439e-949e-6e9c216bcc5b | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following options, in addition to the relevant examinations, is essential for identifying constipation and its subtypes: | Rome IV Criteria. | Vaizey Scale (St. Mark's Hospital). | LARS Scale (Low Anterior Resection Score). | Nursing | Wexner Incontinence Scale (Cleveland Clinic). | 93 | 2 | 9d6e61f1-03a9-4f03-8e86-62f231f54aaf | 2023 |
Indicate what name is given to the following surgical position recommended for interventions of the left colon and rectum: "patient in supine position, hip almost in extension, knees flexed 30-45º and legs with slight internal rotation with support on calves. The perineum should slightly protrude from the edge of the table": | York Manson Position. | Lloyd Davies Position. | Sims' Position. | Nursing | Kraske Position. | 94 | 1 | f812a725-24a5-4ff7-a9cd-8f25d1ad33f4 | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following is one of the most used diagnostic classifications for acute diverticulitis: | Paris Classification. | Boston Scale. | Hinchey Classification, modified by Kaiser et al. | Nursing | Kudo's Classification. | 95 | 4 | bdb3ec7c-c9db-497a-b406-b3ed15f28478 | 2023 |
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is most frequently secondary to: | Crohn's Disease. | Diverticular disease. | Gastric ulcer. | Nursing | Ulcerative colitis. | 96 | 1 | 26f09442-0679-45a7-8830-d74a39cb1e15 | 2023 |
The CV-20 is the first specific questionnaire in Spanish, about the quality of life in patients with constipation. In relation to this questionnaire, it is correct that: | The score ranges between 0 and 5 points for each item. | Evaluates 5 dimensions: general physical, emotional, rectal physical, social, and bowel habit. | It consists of a total of 20 items. | Nursing | The value 0 indicates better quality of life. | 97 | 4 | 86fcbe38-258f-4ccd-ae8b-cd18b881cbe4 | 2023 |
In the update of the Pneumonia Zero project recommendations published in 2022, when is it recommended to monitor pneumothorax pressure, a decision supported by strong evidence and a strong recommendation level? | Every 6 hours. | Every 4 hours. | Continuously. | Nursing | Every 8 hours and whenever a postural change is made. | 98 | 4 | e7a216c8-0e49-4d2f-bdec-929d287dd8e3 | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following statements is correct regarding Expanded Hemodialysis: | Expanded Hemodialysis is NOT characterized by the use of dialyzers with medium cut-off membranes. | Expanded Hemodialysis is characterized by the use of dialyzers with medium cut-off membranes. | Expanded Hemodialysis is characterized by combining convection and translocation inside the dialyzer. | Nursing | Expanded Hemodialysis is characterized by combining diffusion and translocation within the dialyzer. | 99 | 1 | c77eba7e-9201-4ffd-8126-dd174c53a63d | 2023 |
Which of the following recommendations has been included as mandatory in the update of the Zero Pneumonia project published in 2022? | Administration of probiotics via nasogastric tube. | Use of 0.5% aqueous chlorhexidine in oral hygiene. | Administer antibiotics within 24 hours following the intubation of patients with decreased consciousness prior to intubation. | Nursing | Use tubes with a continuous suction system for endotracheal secretions. | 100 | 4 | 11d6b9db-1fd0-4361-9dce-f04842d615f4 | 2023 |
A sample for blood cultures is going to be taken from a 48-hour-old infant. What antiseptic is recommended for skin disinfection? | Aqueous Chlorhexidine at 1%, allowing to dry for 2 minutes. | Alcoholic chlorhexidine at 0.5%, allow to dry for 2 minutes. | 4. Aqueous Chlorhexidine at 2%, allowing it to dry for 3-5 minutes. | Nursing | 3. Alcoholic chlorhexidine at 0.12%, allowing to dry for 3-5 minutes. | 101 | 4 | be698602-26d4-42ed-88a0-377d3f09a772 | 2023 |
Which of the following scales is not recommended by the Surviving Sepsis Guide as a sole tool for screening or detection of sepsis or septic shock?: | q-SOFA. | MEWS. | SIRS. | Nursing | NEWS. | 102 | 2 | 7ad47916-8717-4213-9c53-c4968dcb6036 | 2023 |
In adult patients with moderate-severe respiratory distress (ARDS) induced by sepsis, how long does the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guide recommend prone positioning ventilation? | Between 6 and 8 hours daily. | Less than 6 hours a day. | At least 18 hours daily. | Nursing | At least 12 hours daily. | 103 | 3 | 75bc251c-5678-4614-9f46-5c5bcb9ac776 | 2023 |
Which of the following causes of anemia corresponds to the classification of regenerative or peripheral anemia?: | The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia. | Presence of a state of bone marrow aplasia. | A patient with severe acute bleeding due to trauma. | Nursing | A patient who is suffering from a chronic and severe deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12. | 104 | 4 | f3b6a0ad-1713-4ed6-ae7d-104e7c680d79 | 2023 |
Which of the following types of acute transfusion reactions is considered clinically most serious? | Anaphylactic transfusion reaction. | Hemolytic transfusion reaction. | Transfusion reaction that progresses with circulatory overload. | Nursing | The occurrence of a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema associated with transfusion. | 105 | 1 | cdbdd977-94f8-4d48-a72d-7f87f5bd14e9 | 2023 |
Which of the following Hematopoietic Progenitor Transplants (HPT) does not respond to its origin? | Allogeneic BMT. | Autologous TPH. | Myeloablative TPH. | Nursing | Syngeneic BMT. | 106 | 4 | 9668992a-4549-4f91-9172-4f7af6720f45 | 2023 |
The conditioning in myeloablative regimen as prior therapy before a Hematopoietic Progenitor Transplant (HPT) consists of: | It is a treatment in which the hematopoiesis of the recipient is not eradicated, but a space is created in the recipient's bone marrow to accommodate the new one. | It is a treatment in which we eradicate the hematopoiesis of the recipient and create a space in the recipient's bone marrow to accommodate the new one. | It is a preventive treatment for the possible occurrence of a recipient rejecting the graft, called implant syndrome. | Nursing | It is a treatment in which a space is created in the bone marrow but without affecting the complete hematopoiesis of the recipient, only affecting the white cell series. | 107 | 1 | 91c024a1-4aec-4717-aca4-2456cb05254a | 2023 |
In a lumbar arthrodesis, in which area of the vertebra are the screws inserted because it is one of the most resistant structures of the vertebra? | Spinous process. | Pedicle. | Slide. | Nursing | Transverse process. | 108 | 1 | 4dcf24bd-6276-4265-98b3-8ed9d457bd63 | 2023 |
Among the optional measures for the prevention of central venous catheter-associated bacteremia included in the "zero bacteremia" protocol are: | Preference for cannulation of external jugular vein. | Daily body hygiene of the patient with chlorhexidine. | Remove all unnecessary central venous catheters. | Nursing | Replacement of equipment containing lipid emulsions every 96h. | 109 | 1 | 1f260742-6af9-4e9d-83fb-55ca390e6c8e | 2023 |
A peripheral venous catheter with erythema, swelling at the insertion point and a palpable venous cord of 5-6 cm above the insertion point and fever. What score will it receive on the Maddox scale? | 3. | 2. | 5. | Nursing | 4. | 110 | 2 | b50c0593-9035-4546-a51b-d179d58e19cb | 2023 |
In the absence of specific recommendations, what is the recommended interval for changing bioconnectors of a PICC? | 96 hours. | 48 hours. | 7 days. | Nursing | 5 days. | 111 | 4 | 5edd9c84-8bee-4768-8b5d-a27cadf206ea | 2023 |
Among the symptoms that a patient with Parkinson's Disease may present include: | Uthoff's Phenomenon. | Hypomimia. | Loss of vision in one eye. | Nursing | Lhermitte's Sign. | 112 | 1 | 50d0b4c1-bae7-4adc-80f7-cd85ecc772ee | 2023 |
Both syncope and seizure episodes often present with clonic activity. How can we make a differential diagnosis between the two?: | In syncope, facial cyanosis is uncommon, while in a seizure crisis it is common. | In syncope, confusion after the event is common and long-lasting, while in a seizure crisis it is transient and lasts less than 1 minute. | In syncope, sphincter control is not maintained, while in a seizure, it is maintained. | Nursing | In syncope, tongue biting is common, whereas in a seizure, it is rare. | 113 | 2 | b9431d27-d347-46ce-bf42-f881b41f8e8d | 2023 |
Regarding the brief cognitive tests for dementia screening, which of the following could we use regardless of the cultural level of our patient?: | Photos Test. | MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination. | SPMSQ: Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. | Nursing | Clock Drawing Test. | 114 | 2 | 9e9dd83a-093a-460d-a1ff-4f9a65d81320 | 2023 |
Among the recommendations of the Spanish Neurology Society for the prevention of stroke, it is not found: | The practice of moderate physical activity for 150 minutes/week or vigorous physical activity for 75 minutes/week is recommended to reduce the risk of stroke. | It is recommended to follow a Mediterranean diet with supplements of nuts and virgin olive oil to reduce the risk of stroke. | Abstinence from alcohol is recommended as a prevention of stroke. | Nursing | It is recommended to implement public health policies that can reduce air pollution due to its potential effect in preventing strokes. | 115 | 4 | eae6c4e6-003d-4ce6-bc56-ec8540e3d037 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option in relation to nursing advice for the patient with Multiple Sclerosis: | Home monitoring of blood pressure. | Use of loose and cool clothing. | Follow a low-residue diet. | Nursing | Avoid consumption of dairy products. | 116 | 1 | 88f8feb2-20d1-4d57-83a9-745621c7b6ca | 2023 |
Indicate the score on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) for a patient who opens their eyes and withdraws our hand when squeezing their nail bed, and in response to the question, "What's your name and what day is it?", replies that it's sunny out and that they have apples in the trunk of the car: | 9. | 8. | 11. | Nursing | 10. | 117 | 4 | 2475c8af-36b2-447c-9369-d4b1c8395fb2 | 2023 |
Taking into account the "Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale" (RASS), a person whom we can wake with our voice but who keeps their eyes open for less than 10 seconds, will have a score of: | +1. | +2. | -2. | Nursing | -1. | 118 | 4 | 4cf60c17-5671-47ec-9fd0-45bc589a7127 | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following signs appears in Cushing's Triad: | Systemic arterial hypotension. | Bradycardia. | Hyperkalemia. | Nursing | Muffled heart sounds. | 119 | 1 | 0ba637b1-88ef-4eed-b72d-5a650d67e257 | 2023 |
Which of the following measures is included in the "do not do" recommendations of the ITU-ZERO protocol? | Always keep the collection system closed. | Perform bladder washouts. | Maintain the flow of urine free without obstacles in the circuit. | Nursing | Use sterile insertion technique. | 120 | 1 | eac3d95c-3b79-4ed8-a5bc-0ba4a0fd4e56 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option in relation to urolithiasis: | It has a clear predominance in men. | Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are more common in countries with low economic development. | The presence of acidic urine promotes the formation of struvite stones. | Nursing | The increase in fluid intake does not have an impact on recurrences. | 121 | 2 | b5367111-c94e-4e55-8db5-42d06663f7f5 | 2023 |
Which of the following is a risk factor in non-melanoma skin cancer: | People of black race are more predisposed. | The intensity of exposure to sunlight is very important. | Genodermatosis does not influence. | Nursing | UV radiation influences throughout the entire life. | 122 | 3 | 63e614dd-079b-401b-b804-8e9a0993d788 | 2023 |
A final score of 18 points in the Asthma Control Test (ACT) means: | Partial control of asthma. | The asthma is under control. | Very poor asthma control. | Nursing | Poor asthma control. | 123 | 2 | 98ab98d5-6c8e-45dd-88ef-1ee3940794c6 | 2023 |
Performs a spirometry with the result of: FVC: 2.42 L (88% of the theoretical); FEV1: 1.25 L (61% of the theoretical); FEV1/FVC: 51.51%, this is interpreted as: | Obstructive ventilatory disorder. | Normal spirometry. | Mixed ventilatory alteration. | Nursing | Non-obstructive ventilatory alteration. | 124 | 2 | f142e93a-7bcd-4b11-b607-f380be6f4dbd | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following is not a warning sign in the insertion of the pleural drain: | Chylothorax. | Fever. | Subcutaneous emphysema. | Nursing | Dyspnea. | 125 | 2 | 04baba16-ad46-4293-9246-afc98287fd33 | 2023 |
In what cases can the patient self-remove a Holter monitoring system at home? | When going out to engage in a sports activity (playing football, cycling...). | When it is a weekly duration device, to perform your body hygiene. | When the patient anticipates being in a prone position for more than 1 hour. | Nursing | For 24-hour devices placed on women with a large bust, it's necessary to adjust them before going to sleep to avoid artifacts. | 126 | 1 | 73832c2c-f7db-43ec-953e-551165ca8e6c | 2023 |
What are the absolute complications for the early termination of a stress test? | Fatigue. | Dyspnea. | Development of branch block that cannot be differentiated from ventricular tachycardia. | Nursing | Pallor. | 127 | 3 | 542ef065-7580-490e-ba4c-7fb9ff2c3136 | 2023 |
Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the education of a patient with heart failure: | If the patient is considered capable, they can self-adjust their doses of diuretics based on their daily fluid balance. | It is recommended that you exercise in conditions of severe cold so that the heart can work more relaxedly. | The need to use a larger number of pillows when sleeping, constitutes a warning sign in these patients. | Nursing | Although nutritional status is important, weight control is not of interest in this type of patients if they have an adequate BMI. | 128 | 4 | c9a2aba8-51b4-46ac-9128-d393aed55da5 | 2023 |
Indicate the approach to take with a patient with a pacemaker who presents with oversensing: | Reduce the frequency of rescue device use. | Increase the sensitivity of the device. | Place a magnet on the device. | Nursing | Reduce the milliamperage of the device. | 129 | 1 | 57d886ff-1eae-47f7-a829-faa8bc86e6ae | 2023 |
Indicate the volume to be infused in the first 8 hours according to the Parkland formula and using the Wallace rule as a reference, for a person who has burns on the front of both arms, chest-abdomen, and genital region, whose weight is 71 Kg: | 3976 ml. | 7952 ml. | 994 ml. | Nursing | 1988 ml. | 130 | 2 | d23cc693-7e45-4259-94c3-d26a4281ef53 | 2023 |
A 46-year-old patient diagnosed with a fracture in the middle third of the femur after an accidental fall while mountaineering, whose rescue took 8 hours. After 36 hours the patient starts to experience chest pain and shortness of breath and upon examination, conjunctival petechiae, tachypnea, tachycardia and fever are observed, in addition to a fluctuating neurological level. What syndrome should we suspect? | Sepsis. | Hypovolemic shock. | Compartment Syndrome. | Nursing | Pulmonary fat embolism. | 131 | 3 | cf21df35-3634-4c92-b716-965f1d199f92 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option in relation to the trigger in mechanical ventilation: | An excessively sensitive trigger will produce an increase in respiratory effort. | The flow trigger requires less respiratory work than the pressure trigger. | It is usual to set the volume trigger at 8-9 liters per minute. | Nursing | In pressure-controlled ventilation, the trigger will cause a negative deflection in the pressure curve. | 132 | 3 | 154d6453-9ab5-44f3-9d73-3ea569147c6e | 2023 |
In relation to a "bleeding at the junction", indicate the incorrect answer: | There are no specific tourniquets for these areas of bleeding. | Bleeding at the junction is defined as the bleeding that occurs where two different anatomical areas meet. | The use of external hemostatic agents combined with initial compression gives good results. | Nursing | The key treatment for this type of hemorrhage is direct compression on the large vessels that cover the proximal area of the injury. | 133 | 2 | 4edafe4c-1d59-42ec-8a49-19c778eea5cf | 2023 |
Among the signs or warning manifestations that must be recognized by health personnel before a hospitalized child deteriorates, do not include: | Hypotension. | Increased respiratory effort. | Growing concern among medical staff, nursing staff, or parents. | Nursing | Oxygen saturation less than 85% or a decrease of oxygen saturation by 5% below the baseline in children with cyanotic congenital heart diseases. | 134 | 2 | b30d2c05-7aa6-42e5-84f9-dc8ff43627a6 | 2023 |
In relation to the position of the defibrillation pads for electric treatment in advanced life support, point out the incorrect answer: | In patients with an implantable device (Pacemaker/ICD), the patch should be 8 centimeters away from the device. | The preferred position for its placement is the anterolateral position with the apical patch placed at the level of the V6 electrode position of the electrocardiogram. | In a patient in prone position, the recommended patch placement involves modifying the sternal patch and placing it on the patient's back at the same height. | Nursing | In a defibrillatable rhythm that is refractory to defibrillation, an alternative position of the patches (e.g. anteroposterior position) can be considered. | 135 | 4 | 08bab2ac-124c-4b75-a660-3ffd5af3cf90 | 2023 |
Indicate the incorrect answer in relation to the application of advanced life support maneuvers to a victim in cardiac arrest who has been rescued after being buried in a snow avalanche: | Perform conventional advanced life support if the burial time is less than 60 minutes. | Consider that CPR is futile in a cardiac arrest with a burial time exceeding 60 minutes and evidence of airway obstruction. | Perform complete resuscitation maneuvers, including rewarming with extracorporeal life support to victims buried for more than 60 minutes without evidence of airway obstruction or additional lethal injuries. | Nursing | The prognosis of a successful hospital rewarming should be based exclusively on serum potassium (cutoff point 7 mmol/l) and body temperature (cutoff point 30 ºC). | 136 | 3 | 042e377f-f3b0-4db6-8f8a-f7e6433bf869 | 2023 |
In the advanced management of a pediatric patient's airway, which of the following statements is correct in relation to the carbon dioxide present at the end of exhalation (ETCO2): | The detection of adequate levels of ETCO2 to confirm the correct position of the tube in the trachea can replace other techniques such as auscultation or chest radiography. | In cardiac arrest, an absent ETCO2 always implies that the endotracheal tube is poorly placed. | Selective intubation of the right bronchus cannot be evaluated with the monitoring of exhaled CO2. | Nursing | During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it reflects the pulmonary blood flow but not the cardiac output. | 137 | 4 | 70cab0ef-06a7-4b22-b1f2-890520fad788 | 2023 |
To mitigate the effects produced by accelerations, decelerations (sudden braking), and abrupt changes in speed during ground medical transportation, we must take into account: | The patient's position should always be in the opposite direction of movement in case of neurological pathology. | The patient's position should always be in the direction of movement. | The position of the conscious patient should always be what they choose to avoid possible dizziness during transportation. In the case of an unconscious patient, the healthcare team chooses the most appropriate position to perform their care. | Nursing | The patient's position should be in accordance with their initial pathology, always seeking comfort for the patient. | 138 | 1 | e18b6784-61da-44ed-97aa-8dde2006f917 | 2023 |
Depending on the etiology and characteristics of the wound, which of the following aspects is not usually necessary to consider in its assessment: | Bed tissue. | Pain. | Tunneling/cavitations. | Nursing | Friction index. | 139 | 3 | d7be040f-dd77-4ab8-b945-b4370440e4b4 | 2023 |
The recommended methodology for obtaining a microbial sample from a lower limb ulcer is: | Puncture-aspiration. | Swab smear. | Biopsy. | Nursing | Molecular Microscopy. | 140 | 2 | d9059d08-cfb3-4926-86ac-c33b3c46ddec | 2023 |
For wounds in neonates, the first-choice debridement method would be: | Enzymatic or chemical debridement. | The sharp debridement. | The osmotic debridement. | Nursing | Autolytic debridement. | 141 | 3 | 358caee1-3527-4018-a195-21d84b4158f8 | 2023 |
Accepting the classification of ISTAP and GNEAUPP, a skin tear with partial loss of the flap, which cannot be repositioned to cover the entirety of the wound bed, we will assign it the: | Category 2. | Category 1. | Category 4. | Nursing | Category 3. | 142 | 2 | 28e97667-94b5-4697-9d6d-b2d39cee6f3d | 2023 |
Unless it is necessary to control bacterial load, routine cleaning of chronic wounds should be carried out with: | Sodium hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid. | Chlorhexidine. | Polyhexanide. | Nursing | Saline solution or drinking water. | 143 | 3 | 1bfedf6b-93c0-4f78-a8ea-c6dbaf60f6aa | 2023 |
When assessing the transmissibility of malaria in a region, which of the following factors constitutes a risk factor?: | Height of the lower area below 3000m. | Temperature maintained above 38ºC in the area. | Temperature maintained below 15ºC in the area. | Nursing | Relative humidity of the lower area below 52%. | 144 | 2 | 6d55d3fb-8f67-4ca2-9f86-5fee5b256fd2 | 2023 |
Any restriction or absence, due to a deficiency in the ability to perform an activity in the manner, or within the margin considered normal for a human being, is what, according to the WHO classification, is: | Mental deficiency. | Sensory deficiency. | Disability. | Nursing | Disability. | 145 | 3 | 04942c1b-79e9-4da0-835f-788c04dabab0 | 2023 |
What are the signs of Menten? | Lividity, cold or pale nose, and cold extremities. | Redness on the face and arms. | Feeling of dizziness, shortness of breath, and sleepiness. | Nursing | Thirst, dry mouth, and cough. | 146 | 2 | 027c5252-fce4-4092-911c-b489b6e94a86 | 2023 |
In the case of a problem with dyspnea in a patient with palliative needs at home, what types of nursing care would you perform?: | Avoid drafts of air. | Use air fresheners to facilitate better breathing, close the window to control the air inside. | Sit in an upright position if possible, and maintain a flow of air to the patient's face, for example with a fan. | Nursing | Prescription of a bronchodilator drug. | 147 | 4 | 515d00f1-c820-4e6d-a350-e6d5c7ba7b6b | 2023 |
In accordance with the Organic Law 3/2021, of March 24, regulating euthanasia, in order to receive the provision of assistance to die, the person must meet certain requirements. Select the correct answer: | To have in writing the information that exists about their medical process and the different alternatives and possibilities for action of curative therapies, included in the common portfolio of services and to the benefits that they are entitled to in accordance with the regulation on care for dependency. | Possessing Spanish nationality or legal residence in Spain or a certificate of registration proving a stay in Spanish territory for more than six months, being of legal age and being capable and aware at the time of the application. | Provide informed consent prior to receiving assistance to die. This consent will be incorporated into the patient's medical history. | Nursing | Having submitted a request voluntarily and in writing and suffering from an incurable disease, certified by the responsible physician. | 148 | 4 | 5c1ee6f0-7e06-4d77-a213-d8da0fe6ff77 | 2023 |
A frequent test to assess the physical capacity and competence of older people is the assessment of Gait Speed (GS) over 4 meters, which predicts, among other things, the state of frailty, when: | The speed of walking is greater than 0.8 meters per second. | The walking speed is greater than 1 meter per second. | The walking speed is less than 1 meter per second. | Nursing | The walking speed is less than 0.8 meters per second. | 149 | 3 | 602fb92a-8d5e-4317-8772-a34d9396ffe9 | 2023 |
Regarding frailty in older adults, it is true that: | The intervention on Frailty has not been proven cost-effective in prolonging life, but it has been for making it healthier. | Fragility is not an entity inherent to the aging process itself, but is potentially reversible, even spontaneously. | Given its characteristics, the appropriate approach to frailty requires overcoming the gender perspective and establishing equal care for both men and women. | Nursing | Individual interventions on frailty are more effective than multifactorial ones. | 150 | 1 | 306c7c97-ff1a-4c51-992f-91b6551f2613 | 2023 |
Regarding the Tinetti Scale, for assessing the risk of falls, it is correct that: | Score from 1 to 5 based on the examiner's perception of the patient's risk of falling; 1 is considered normal and 5 is considered altered. | It consists of 24 items that evaluate static balance and gait. | This allows for classification into three gradients: normal, when it is more than 24 points; adapted, when it is between 19 and 24 points; and abnormal, when it is less than 19 points. | Nursing | It involves observing the individual as they get up from a chair, walk 3 meters, and return to it. | 151 | 4 | 5360c617-9f42-4ca2-815c-ead340a6268a | 2023 |
Which of the following questionnaires is recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) for the evaluation of quality of life in patients with sarcopenia?: | SarQoL. | MuscleQoL. | MioQoL. | Nursing | SarcopQoL. | 152 | 2 | 63b2c7ba-f209-44bf-8ac6-00898518bba3 | 2023 |
What is the degree of sarcopenic disease suffered by a 77-year-old patient, whose results to the tests recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), are: positive SARC-F questionnaire, manual ergometry 20 kg, amount of appendicular skeletal muscle mass measured by electrical bioimpedance 18 kg, and gait speed 0.9 m/s: | Does not suffer from sarcopenia. | Probable sarcopenia. | Confirmed sarcopenia. | Nursing | Severe sarcopenia. | 153 | 4 | b56b3bb7-e7ec-41e3-ab06-bce31d618946 | 2023 |
According to the Royal Decree 836/2012, of May 25, which establishes the technical characteristics, medical equipment, and staffing for road ambulance transportation, Class C ambulances are: | Ambulances designated to provide advanced life support. | Ambulances intended to provide basic life support and initial healthcare attention. | Conventional ambulances, intended for the transportation of patients on stretchers. | Nursing | Collective transport ambulances, conditioned for the joint transport of patients whose transfer does not constitute an emergency, nor are they suffering from infectious diseases. | 154 | 2 | 95997fe5-4393-4c1b-938a-0ccae8c17a2c | 2023 |
Antiseptics intended to be applied to the skin, with the purpose of hygienic cleaning and disinfection of the area prior to a surgical treatment or those used in the injection area: | They are attributed the status of a medicine for human use. | They are attributed the status of intermediate products. | They are attributed the status of health products. | Nursing | They are attributed the status of biocidal products. | 155 | 2 | 6bbedc63-3430-410e-a174-0a3775b4e3d4 | 2023 |
One of the premises of the Belmont report assures the following in its content: | It establishes respect for the autonomy of the individual and the ability to decide not to participate in a research once the risks and benefits have been explained, except in cases of incapacitated patients or minors. | It defines as basic in biomedical research the principles of beneficence, justice, and utility in health practice and in biomedical research. | The obligation to obtain informed consent where the subject undergoing biomedical research freely agrees to participate after a comprehensive explanation of the risks and benefits of the research. | Nursing | The degree of protection in research of vulnerable individuals will depend on the likelihood of obtaining benefit and the decision of the person subject to research. | 157 | 4 | b93901f9-40ec-4380-9dfa-acb73e74b73b | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option referring to Law 14/2007, of July 4, on Biomedical Research: | If biomedical research has the necessary significance and clinical importance, we will proceed to delay or deprive the participants of the medical procedures, diagnostic or therapeutic, that are necessary for their health status, given prior consent from the subject undergoing the research. | The principal investigator has the authority to lead and assume risks in biomedical research if it holds sufficient importance and significance for advancement in the health field, based on the premise of the biomedical research law that guarantees the freedom of research and scientific production. | The person under investigation has the right to be informed of their genetic data and any other personal nature obtained in the research according to the terms in which they expressed their will. This data can be transferred to third parties outside the medical assistance or biomedical research after explicit and written consent of the subject participating in the research. | Nursing | The information provided to the subjects under research must be given in writing and should cover the nature, importance, implications and risks of the research. Consent cannot be granted by representation when the person is legally incapacitated or is a minor. | 160 | 4 | 5a093bf1-fd95-4d34-9dc4-834a50a210d5 | 2023 |
Every center or service that uses sharp medical material: | Will have a Wound Prevention Plan regardless of its nature or origin. | Will have a Prevention Plan for injuries caused to professionals and users. | You could have a Prevention Plan for injuries caused to professionals. | Nursing | Will have a Prevention Plan for injuries caused to professionals. | 161 | 3 | e3de3c86-c0b4-472e-beae-4c98eff24add | 2023 |
The basic system of protection and coverage of Social Security has the nature of: | Minimum and voluntary. | Maximum and mandatory. | Minimum and maximum. | Nursing | Minimum and mandatory. | 162 | 3 | eb1ac2c8-7a0b-476b-9609-6a896bd7306e | 2023 |
In accordance with the Regulations on health protection against ionizing radiation, depending on the risk of exposure and taking into account the probability and magnitude of potential exposures, the holder of the practice will classify work places into the following zones: | Controlled area and high-risk zone. | Controlled zone and monitored zone. | Control zone and general public area. | Nursing | Monitored zone and risk zone. | 163 | 1 | a1ae02df-03f3-46d7-93d5-d1219b1cdfa5 | 2023 |
Considering the causal agent, what is the main type of burn in the pediatric age? | Electric burn. | Thermal burn. | Radiation burn. | Nursing | Chemical burn. | 164 | 1 | 0a67915f-c727-4d80-9fc3-57edd3206a2e | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option about Tanner's stages of pubertal development in women and men: | In stage 3 of the woman, there is a elevation of the breast and areola on the same plane. | In stage 2 of male development, pubic hair becomes coarser, curls, darkens, and increases in quantity. | In stage 3 of the male, the glans and testicles develop with an increase and darkening of the scrotum. | Nursing | In stage 4 of the woman, the pubic hair is like that of an adult and extends to the inner face of the thighs. | 165 | 2 | 3cc124d3-1f24-41f1-83de-885d72cc7930 | 2023 |
Among the hygiene-dietary recommendations that we will suggest to a pediatric patient diagnosed with Kostmann syndrome, we find: | No direct exposure to the sun. | Avoid saturated fats. | Thorough cleaning and hygiene of the oral cavity. | Nursing | Moderate intake of fluids. | 166 | 4 | f25efeab-f2b5-4923-8df6-4fee02938430 | 2023 |
In the physical examination of a pediatric patient, the presence of a petechial rash on the soft palate is not indicative of: | Streptococcal pharyngitis. | Lyme Disease. | Measles. | Nursing | Sexual abuse. | 167 | 1 | 42e88270-bc65-4300-93fa-c70147831511 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct recommendation in health education provided to families with children suffering from nocturnal enuresis or intermittent nighttime incontinence: | Explain the prevalence of the problem, as approximately 50% of children wet the bed at the age of 5 years. | Explain the importance of adequate fluid intake and advise that they be restricted. | The use of the enuresis alarm provides a low long-term success rate. | Nursing | Advise against the use of diapers if the child has already remained dry during the day for some time. | 168 | 3 | 23302074-9f64-4716-9311-f21954796148 | 2023 |
What is the most common primary malignant renal tumor in childhood? | Rhabdomyosarcoma. | Mesoblastic nephroma. | Wilms' Tumor. | Nursing | Teratoma. | 169 | 4 | 736370aa-bb92-4928-9e28-284074478e76 | 2023 |
Regarding Hirschsprung's Disease or congenital aganglionic megacolon, indicate the correct answer: | It is due to a dysfunction of the ganglion cells in the intestinal wall, of variable extent. | It is the most common cause of lower intestinal obstruction in school-age children. | A diagnosis should be suspected if there is a delay in the expulsion of meconium beyond 48 hours. | Nursing | The affected segment is presented as hypotonic and dilated. | 170 | 4 | 24805ab7-8e3e-4d02-b38b-b8e38be2cfca | 2023 |
In physiological jaundice, we will observe hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn with an increase in: | Direct conjugated bilirubin. | Unconjugated indirect bilirubin. | Methemoglobin. | Nursing | Indirect conjugated bilirubin. | 171 | 1 | 2bba1e87-6ec3-4460-8336-5aa5724414c5 | 2023 |
Among the following answers, which is not an exclusive cardiovascular structure of fetal circulation?: | Aortic coarctation. | Venous duct. | Arterial duct. | Nursing | Oval hole. | 172 | 2 | e697e4a1-ef60-4c17-90b7-22cceac6bc41 | 2023 |
With regard to the recommendations for flu vaccination for the 2022-23 season from the Interterritorial Council of the National Health System and the Vaccine Advisory Committee of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics, indicate the correct answer: | The dose to be administered in the case of inactivated vaccines is incomplete (0.2ml) at each vaccination event. | The vaccination schedule consists of 2 doses if the child is under 9 years old, and is being vaccinated for the first time. | The flu vaccine in pediatric age cannot be administered concurrently with other vaccines. | Nursing | Vaccination is recommended from the age of 3 months. | 173 | 1 | 38f547d3-606f-44a8-a3e6-5288c354db72 | 2023 |
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