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Among the preventive activities for early detection of visual abnormalities in pediatrics, the Hirschberg test or method is used. Indicate the correct answer in relation to this test: | The patient focuses on a light source no more than 20 cm away. | This refers to a visual acuity test used in school age children. | The symmetry of the corneal light reflex is assessed. | Nursing | The examination room should be dark. | 174 | 4 | b3561085-8dbb-444e-922f-95fe659c2a77 | 2023 |
Of the following instruments, which is recommended to identify the risk of presenting Autism Spectrum Disorder -ASD- in the infancy stage, due to having adequate sensitivity and specificity? | ITPA. | Haizea-Llevant. | Brunet Lézine Revised. | Nursing | CHAT. | 175 | 3 | f5216d51-3d00-48ed-bf21-accd980292b0 | 2023 |
Which type of pelvis, present in 15% of cases, does the following clinical description refer to?: upper narrow part is elliptical in shape with a predominance of anteroposterior diameters over transverse ones, and the lower narrow part is widened: | Android. | Gynecoid. | Anthropoid. | Nursing | Platypelloid. | 176 | 4 | 750200cd-4960-4b0a-88c7-6c1002021509 | 2023 |
According to scientific societies such as the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (SEGO), indicate what the most correct figures are for the recommendations for anemia prophylaxis during pregnancy and lactation: | 30mg/day of iron during pregnancy and 30mg/day of iron during breastfeeding. | 15mg/day of iron during pregnancy and 30 mg/day of iron during breastfeeding. | 15mg/day of iron during pregnancy and 15 mg/day of iron during breastfeeding. | Nursing | 30mg/day of iron during pregnancy and 15 mg/day of iron during breastfeeding. | 177 | 3 | 622f6a6d-8f1f-4acb-a398-b54eb4e03573 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct answer regarding pertussis vaccination in pregnancy: | The indication for whooping cough vaccination is established up to week 28 of gestation. | The whooping cough vaccine will be administered in each pregnancy regardless of previous vaccination status. | Deaths from whooping cough occur in infants older than 3 months of age. | Nursing | The effectiveness of vaccination during pregnancy to prevent whooping cough in infants under 3 months is low. | 178 | 1 | fe9c11e9-5fea-4b37-8854-86fff0b37d5a | 2023 |
Among the problems that occur in breastfeeding, the phenomenon consisting of nipple ischemia caused by a decrease in blood flow, usually triggered by the cold, which causes intense pain during feeding and in between, is known as: | Raynaud's Syndrome. | Engorgement. | Agitation due to breastfeeding. | Nursing | Dysphoric milk ejection reflex. | 179 | 2 | 5e135c3e-9b05-455c-b869-b63d5389bc07 | 2023 |
What is the term for the abnormal separation of the anterior abdominal muscles due to the distension of the fasciae that hold them together, sometimes caused by pregnancy and childbirth: | Cystocele. | Inguinal hernia. | Endometrioma. | Nursing | Diastasis of rectus abdominis. | 180 | 3 | c3185b89-f369-4480-a386-a008bef85938 | 2023 |
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in pregnant women has special characteristics. Indicate which of the following is considered specific to this situation: | Lateralize the uterus to the left by placing a wedge or pulling the abdomen. | Ensure the scene, the safety of the rescuer and the victim. | Evaluate carotid pulse for 5 to 10 seconds. | Nursing | Opening of the airway using the corresponding maneuver. | 181 | 2 | 905d760a-fbfb-4acc-988e-254c28a69b5b | 2023 |
As a primary prevention strategy for cervical cancer in women under 25, the most current recommendation is: | Perform colposcopy. | Perform HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) test. | Carry out partial HPV genotyping. | Nursing | Administer HPV vaccine. | 182 | 3 | 7aeac7f6-298b-419f-b82d-b216e250e7c0 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct answer in relation to the ovarian cycle: | The levels of FSH and LH decrease during the functioning phase of the corpus luteum. | The progesterone levels are high in the follicular phase. | During ovulation, there are low levels of FSH and LH, and high concentrations of estrogen and progesterone. | Nursing | After ovulation, there is a peak in FSH. | 183 | 2 | 9ba5416b-617f-48f8-94f2-0a4030df3000 | 2023 |
Which of the following is considered a strong recommendation for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause, according to the Clinical Practice Guide on the approach to vasomotor and vaginal symptoms associated with menopause and postmenopause from the Ministry of Health and Social Services and Equality of Spain: | Avoiding hot drinks, alcoholic beverages, and warm environments clearly reduces the frequency and/or intensity of hot flashes. | The practice of yoga has been shown to be significantly superior to physical activity for the reduction of vasomotor symptoms. | Hormonal treatment is not recommended for women with mild vasomotor symptoms. | Nursing | In women who retain the uterus, it is not recommended to add progestogens to estrogen treatment. | 184 | 4 | 74deed2d-8e4b-4dd7-93fb-95fc99d392e7 | 2023 |
Indicate which of the following parameters is used in the Malinas Scoring System: | Interval of uterine contractions. | Cervical Consistency. | Presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid. | Nursing | Respiratory effort of the newborn. | 185 | 2 | a15f54ea-67d9-485d-ba2f-7888ed2a4443 | 2023 |
Since 2021, in Spain, the rights derived from paternity and maternity after a birth have been modified, leaving the leave of both parents for a period of: | 12 weeks for both. | 16 weeks for both. | 12 weeks for the mother and 10 weeks for the father. | Nursing | 8 weeks for the mother and 6 weeks for the father. | 186 | 1 | 1bd24e9c-1377-4d8a-8e0a-3ebb6d282406 | 2023 |
Within the classification of female genital mutilation, according to the document on Female Genital Mutilation in Spain published by the Ministry of Equality, infibulation is classified as: | Type II. | Type I. | Type IV. | Nursing | Type III. | 187 | 3 | 8c20feed-0b95-4cd8-994f-e9c573466733 | 2023 |
Which term defines the "attitude that preaches heterosexuality as the only valid sexual orientation": | Heterosexism. | Heterosexual. | Homophobia. | Nursing | Homosexual. | 188 | 2 | 7c27704f-f527-46aa-b417-d988cf5585b8 | 2023 |
Indicate the concept that refers to this fact: "Just like in other sectors and areas of work, in the digital sector there are very few women leading teams and occupying high-level management positions". | Gender gap at the vertical level. | Symbolic gap. | Informational poverty. | Nursing | The competencies of the future, the "soft skills". | 189 | 2 | fdeebfea-1828-468c-b0ce-70f16c281587 | 2023 |
The ability to recognize one's own emotions and those of others, and the skill to manage them is called: | Assertive behavior. | Emotional self-regulation. | Emotional intelligence. | Nursing | Positive self-esteem. | 190 | 4 | 4e1b8614-f387-4fdc-a123-78bc150171a8 | 2023 |
Which of the following clinical findings is not found in a person with mild Alzheimer's type dementia?: | Affective indifference. | Impoverishment of language, difficulty in naming. | Alteration of recent and fixation memory. | Nursing | Alteration in time orientation. | 191 | 2 | 7b973c05-17ec-45a5-8729-6727385387b3 | 2023 |
What is the term for the period that elapses between the onset of psychotic symptoms and the treatment of the disease? | DUM: Duration of the Untreated Psychotic Period. | DUP: Duration of Untreated Psychosis. | PPSA: Prodromal Period Without Antipsychotics. | Nursing | PEP: First Psychotic Episode. | 192 | 1 | 09e2b7a3-1f04-4dbd-92c9-ae2180023c8f | 2023 |
According to the National Drug Plan, which of the following would not be a goal of safe injection rooms or venipuncture in intravenous drug users?: | Mitigate the social impact of intravenous use in public spaces. | Facilitate referral to other socio-health resources. | Administer the substitution treatment for opioid dependence in a controlled manner. | Nursing | Identify emerging diseases. | 193 | 4 | ad66c46a-0ace-4011-b764-0d487a2f4b98 | 2023 |
The PANSS Scale is used to assess: | Negative symptoms in bipolar disorder. | The degree of social deterioration in people with schizophrenia. | The level of insight in a person who suffers from hallucinations. | Nursing | Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. | 194 | 3 | ff02d2ba-2cb6-49e6-b1a4-145c282db111 | 2023 |
Among the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia, what is parathymia? | A positive symptom. | An affective symptom. | A cognitive symptom. | Nursing | A behavioral alteration. | 195 | 1 | 41e24039-2f53-49d9-82c8-42463a906401 | 2023 |
Indicate the incorrect option in relation to dementia syndrome: | The deterioration of memory is the most frequent and important sign or symptom. | It implies a global deterioration of intellectual function with clear consciousness. | The onset of symptoms presents gradually in all dementia syndromes. | Nursing | Some types of dementia are stable and reversible. | 196 | 4 | 2b0a9a1b-c666-44d6-816b-21be1c1e1466 | 2023 |
A patient has been diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and his nurse recommends participation in a Mutual Aid Group (MAG). Indicate the correct answer: | It is a type of group psychological therapy where the therapist guides the participants towards effective coping strategies. | The objective of the GAM is to increase the level of knowledge about the disease. | Participation in a GAM (Mutual Aid Group) fosters peer-to-peer relationships from a horizontal perspective. | Nursing | It is a recommendation not suitable for your pathology as the GAM are focused on disorders related to substance use. | 197 | 4 | 90e8354f-674a-4686-bb4f-728bdf18fb80 | 2023 |
A patient comes to the emergency room, visibly nervous and agitated. In the initial interview, he states: "ever since I felt those magnetic waves, I can't control my body, my legs move on their own and those waves control all my organs, I have lost control over my body". He is describing: | Kinesthetic hallucinations. | Self-referential delirium. | Psychotic hypochondria. | Nursing | Passivity phenomena. | 198 | 3 | 1bcb5772-074d-4972-8991-d06003311540 | 2023 |
According to the DSM 5, a pattern of acute distress in intimate relationships, presence of cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentric behavior corresponds to the personality disorder: | Limit. | Schizotypal. | Avoidant. | Nursing | Schizoid. | 199 | 1 | 57db5a4e-e3ea-40b2-9deb-943fb9802152 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct answer in relation to Capgras Syndrome and the experience of the person who suffers from it: | Denies the existence of parts of their body, their own existence and/or that of the entire world. | She believes that people close to her have been replaced by others, while maintaining the physical appearance. | Believes that several people exchange identities, but maintain their same appearance. | Nursing | Feels that they have been a victim of a parasite infestation. | 200 | 1 | b0d7c876-174d-44e1-8a9c-b5c23a723412 | 2023 |
Which of the following is a cause of beri beri? | Vegetarianism. | Diet based on corn. | Diet based on refined rice. | Nursing | Being a woman of childbearing age. | 201 | 4 | 3bcb175b-288e-4c17-a98a-cfaf6b9cc553 | 2023 |
Indicate the correct option regarding the differences between arthritis and osteoarthritis: | In osteoarthritis, the articular cartilage can be affected secondarily, while in arthritis the cartilage ulcerates, thins, degenerates, and may disappear. | Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory process, while arthritis is a degenerative process. | In osteoarthritis, inflammation of the synovial membrane can occur occasionally, whereas in arthritis the synovial membrane primarily becomes diseased with the ability to invade the bone and destructive capacity. | Nursing | In osteoarthritis, there is inflammation of the joint capsule, whereas in arthritis there is thickening and fibrosis of that capsule. | 202 | 4 | 49469802-b550-499f-9a78-a8528809061f | 2023 |
What specific non-pharmacological recommendations will we give to a caregiver of a patient with palliative needs, at risk of hemoptysis and/or vomiting blood, at home? | Use dark-colored towels and bed linens. | Have white towels nearby to collect the bleeding. | Place the patient in supine position. | Nursing | In case of minor bleeding, activate the visit of the out-of-hospital assistance. | 203 | 2 | fff010da-4b7b-436f-8628-4ff1addbb9e4 | 2023 |
Which analgesic taken by a pregnant woman can cause premature closure of the intrauterine ductus arteriosus, especially in the third trimester of gestation? | Morphine. | Tramadol. | Ibuprofen. | Nursing | Codeine. | 204 | 4 | 1ec02571-ee03-41a1-8d36-028dbe0bd5c0 | 2023 |
From the following hormones, indicate the androgen produced by the ovary: | Estradiol. | Estrone. | Pregnenolone. | Nursing | Androstenedione. | 205 | 3 | c6177c2f-d9be-426b-9a82-d47d90b191f9 | 2023 |
Which test will be useful for us when evaluating a patient suspected of having Dengue? | Capillary Refill Test. | Rumpel-Leede Test. | Allen test. | Nursing | Wrinkle Test. | 206 | 1 | f9a81e38-a49f-4f14-9a49-afdf3d7f0185 | 2023 |
Which of the following is not one of the four branches of emotional intelligence according to Salovey and Mayer? | Emotional understanding. | Emotional perception. | Emotional development. | Nursing | Emotional facilitation. | 207 | 4 | 967834ce-6384-4408-a0f0-f38e1d7bd4de | 2023 |
Among the clinical manifestations of earwax plugs, the following are usually not found: | Autophony. | Sensation of fullness in the external auditory canal. | Iridocyclitis. | Nursing | Tinnitus, tinnitus or ringing. | 208 | 4 | b023145f-eeab-4a7f-9083-715beddb120a | 2023 |
Regarding the gestational age limit for the termination of pregnancy at the request of the pregnant woman, and without the existence of a medical reason, once the necessary requirements are met, pregnancy may be terminated: | Within the first fourteen weeks of gestation. | Within the first twelve weeks of gestation. | Within the first twenty-two weeks of gestation. | Nursing | Within the first sixteen weeks of gestation. | 209 | 2 | 75bd863f-c318-47b1-b8ea-ef6a0debba73 | 2023 |
What are the viscosity levels of liquids proposed by the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI)? | Thin, slightly thick, not very thick, moderately thick, extremely thick. | Liquid, nectar, honey, and pudding. | Nectar, honey, pudding. | Nursing | Thin, slightly thick, moderately thick, extremely thick. | 210 | 2 | a2f7a7fe-da4d-4adf-8544-7d76fe7b48da | 2023 |
The adaptation model corresponds to: | Marjory Gordon. | Virginia Henderson. | Callista Roy. | Nursing | Dorothea Orem. | 13 | 4 | aeff43c8-012a-480f-93b7-e8dea2c35f4d | 2022 |
In relation to functional patterns, it is true that: | The nutritional-metabolic pattern aims to understand the defecation and/or urination habits of the person. | One of the patterns included is sleep/rest. | One of the needs included in the model is to move and maintain a good posture. | Nursing | It focuses on 14 functional patterns. | 14 | 1 | cfbcdcea-caf8-4ec9-856d-6dc03decaa70 | 2022 |
Each nursing outcome (noC) is presented with all characteristics, except: | A unique code. | An indicator name. | A list of activities. | Nursing | A measurement scale. | 15 | 4 | 2cfe9a4d-4616-4fcd-9f09-db7bdbfb1a79 | 2022 |
When establishing a NANDA/NIC/NoC nursing care plan for a dependent person with a pressure ulcer, indicate the incorrect answer: | NIC: Wound healing: by secondary intention. | NIC: Care of bedridden patient. | Related factor: Mechanical factors. | Nursing | Diagnosis: Impaired Skin Integrity. | 16 | 2 | 83e55e96-ef9f-48b4-8966-4d7cca6b9018 | 2022 |
In which year was the World Conference on Primary Health Care "From Alma-Ata towards universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals" held in Astana? | 2000. | 1978. | 2018. | Nursing | 2010. | 17 | 4 | a0e4393e-620c-4b04-9bf3-1a233c3887a9 | 2022 |
In a 5-year-old child who comes to the emergency room with persistent vomiting associated with acute gastroenteritis, what single-dose drug would be the drug of choice for managing vomiting, before starting rehydration therapy? | Domperidone. | Metoclopramide. | Haloperidol. | Nursing | Ondansetron. | 18 | 3 | d5003090-4ae4-49b0-941f-c78fc4f678b3 | 2022 |
In relation to the prevention, toxicity, and early detection of overdoses caused by oral methotrexate, we should know that: | Gastrointestinal symptoms (mucositis, diarrhea, vomiting, digestive bleeding) and hematological symptoms (thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia) are predictive and/or concomitant in cases of toxicity due to overdose. | The dosage guideline for methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis will be 40 mg per day, preferably always at the same time. | The administration of folic acid increases the risk of toxicity. | Nursing | The administration of metamizole reduces the risk of severe pancytopenia. | 19 | 2 | 54d192c2-abb6-4597-94ef-509b8c11ee45 | 2022 |
What serious adverse effects can occur in a patient with Congestive Heart Failure, in the pharmacotherapeutic scheme that combines spironolactone with a loop diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor? | Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and increased peripheral vascular resistance. | Hypernatremia, hypoglycemia, and agitation. | Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, renal failure, and metabolic acidosis. | Nursing | Hypernatremia and severe hypokalemia if combined with "diet salts" (potassium chloride-KCl). | 20 | 4 | 2dcfd803-f565-42c9-8c27-91f8a3ec0e63 | 2022 |
Of the following oral antidiabetics, which one poses a greater risk of hypoglycemia? | Glimepiride (sulfonylureas). | Metformin (biguanides). | Acarbose (α-glucosidase inhibitors). | Nursing | Sitagliptin (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors / DPP-4). | 21 | 2 | d5daab1b-d6d7-4af0-a487-b93dbd35d0af | 2022 |
The LADME process (release, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) refers to: | The process or target organs in which the drug exerts an agonist or antagonist effect. | The pharmacodynamic process that the administered medication undergoes. | The pharmacovigilance process or points that the administered medication undergoes. | Nursing | The pharmacokinetic process that the administered medication undergoes. | 22 | 3 | bb00ed4f-1f9d-4dd7-9614-e1eb364cd5d8 | 2022 |
The saturable, or zero order, elimination kinetics experienced by some drugs or toxins, such as ethyl alcohol, are characterized by: | Display a constant elimination rate, regardless of the amount of drug or toxin to be eliminated (for example 12 milliliters/hour). | Present a rate of elimination proportional to the amount of drug or toxin. | Present a constant half-life (t1/2). | Nursing | Always eliminate a certain percentage of the drug or toxin per unit of time (for example, 40% in 4 hours). | 23 | 2 | 23406e89-97cf-4982-a768-0361d54cb732 | 2022 |
A young patient who underwent a bone marrow transplant a month and a half ago comes to the emergency room because he has had hematuric urine for a day. In the emergency room, he is diagnosed with hemorrhagic cystitis. Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs may have caused this situation?: | Cytarabine. | Doxorubicin. | Cyclophosphamide. | Nursing | Mesna. | 24 | 4 | f0546fa1-8298-49c2-96f0-7726a94ea21a | 2022 |
Regarding the intravenous administration of nitroglycerin, you should know that: | The dilution will only be carried out with 10% glucose serum. | The dilution should always be done in a glass container. | In the treatment of unstable angina, a high-dose loading infusion (200-250 micrograms/minute) will be initiated, which will be progressively adjusted and reduced. | Nursing | It can be administered as a slow intravenous injection if diluted at a rate of 1 mg/ml. | 25 | 1 | 50e6900e-5b9e-4556-8c1c-3fdaae74ba61 | 2022 |
Which of the following medications can produce abnormally high Bispectral Index (BIS) values despite the patient displaying an optimal level of sedation?: | Nitrous oxide with a concentration of 50%. | Ketamine. | Ipratropium bromide. | Nursing | Dexmedetomidine. | 26 | 1 | f5bd5bdf-6e4f-42bc-bdc7-10894e7633d1 | 2022 |
Which tendon is not part of the tendinous structure known as the goose foot? | Tendon of the gracilis muscle. | Sartorius tendon. | Tendon of the patellar muscle. | Nursing | Tendon of the semitendinosus muscle. | 27 | 4 | 90915fc3-bff0-4f7d-aaf6-654de5ea381a | 2022 |
Which of the following muscles has the anterior tibial muscle as its antagonist?: | Rhomboids. | Femoral biceps. | Gastrocnemius. | Nursing | Lateral tibial. | 28 | 4 | d30199ae-5515-49d9-a74a-dc3462ba7fa5 | 2022 |
Which joint is affected in rhizarthrosis? | The one located between the large and the first metacarpal. | The one located between the trapezium and the first metacarpal. | The one located between the scaphoid and the first metacarpal. | Nursing | The one located between the semilunar and the second metacarpal. | 29 | 1 | 83c519de-ac9d-4ef9-9aee-3ebbf4e428d5 | 2022 |
Indicate the correct answer regarding the Cori cycle: | The Cori cycle is based on the cyclic circulation of lactate and glucose between muscle tissue and the liver. | The Cori cycle is based on the cyclic circulation of medium-chain lipids and lactate between muscle tissue and the liver. | The recycling of oxalic acid is the foundation of the Cori cycle. | Nursing | The recycling of phosphoric acid is the basis of the Cori cycle. | 30 | 2 | a2434a7e-32a7-4ba2-a93e-86341b6a1d6d | 2022 |
Indicate the correct statement about diabetic retinopathy: | The most common cause of visual impairment in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is edema at the level of the optic disc. | It is the primary cause of blindness in people over 75 years old and is primarily associated with type I diabetes. | In proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the vascular endothelial growth factor plays an important role. | Nursing | Retinal neovascularization is the main cause of visual decline in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. | 31 | 4 | d70af18c-35c2-4fbe-97fa-58c37e228dbc | 2022 |
Indicate the correct statement about carpal tunnel syndrome: | The Tinel's sign is generally negative in this syndrome. | It is a syndrome caused by the compression of the ulnar nerve. | It is due in most cases to repeated exercise of the wrist. | Nursing | The decrease in the content volume of the carpal tunnel is a common finding in this syndrome. | 32 | 4 | 79f006f3-ef81-4f29-a9ae-850cb7902323 | 2022 |
According to the latest consensus document from the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity (SEEDO), and the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN), what are the necessary criteria for the referral of an obese patient from Primary Care to Hospital Care? | BMI greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2, or BMI greater than or equal to 38 kg/m2 with two or more poorly controlled obesity-related diseases. | BMI greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2, or BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m2 with two or more poorly controlled obesity-related pathologies. | BMI greater than or equal to 45 kg/m2, or BMI greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2 with two or more poorly controlled obesity-related pathologies. | Nursing | BMI greater than or equal to 41 kg/m2, or BMI greater than or equal to 36 kg/m2 with two or more poorly controlled obesity-related pathologies. | 33 | 1 | 04c2faeb-94fc-42b0-aafc-c8eb4ec634eb | 2022 |
According to the latest report approved by the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN) in 2019, what is the daily reference intake of calcium in adults over 70 years old? | 1000 mg daily. | 800 mg daily. | 1400 mg daily. | Nursing | 1200 mg daily. | 34 | 2 | 3518ab83-f028-475e-bf86-ebcafe9983c6 | 2022 |
What is the main difference between polymeric and oligomeric enteral nutrition formulas? | The osmolarity of polymeric formulas is higher than that of oligomonomeric formulas. | Polymeric ones are composed of hydrolyzed proteins in the form of peptides or amino acids, while the oligomonomeric ones provide whole proteins. | The oligomonomeric formulas provide proteins in the form of macromolecules or large peptides, while the polymeric ones provide them in the form of free amino acids, therefore the osmolarity of the former is higher. | Nursing | The polymeric ones are made up of intact proteins, while the oligomonomeric ones provide hydrolyzed proteins in the form of peptides or amino acids. | 35 | 3 | bcd148a5-c5a9-460a-a041-0acecb439562 | 2022 |
In the Enhanced Recovery Pathway of Adult Surgery (RICA), what is the methodology used in the preoperative complete nutritional assessment? | The nutritional assessment is conducted using the NRS-2002 method, which is chosen for surgical patients. | After a positive nutritional screening, the evaluation is carried out with the "Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)." | It is carried out with the GLIM criteria (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition), which assesses phenotypic and etiological criteria. | Nursing | The CONUT Tool or Nutritional Control Index is used, which takes into account the values of serum Albumin and absolute lymphocytes. | 36 | 4 | f98d080d-d1fb-4f1a-a98f-f86ee750eac3 | 2022 |
Among the recommendations we will give regarding the prevention of anisakiasis are: | Smoked fish does not present risks. | Buy the freshest fish possible and consume it within the day. | Cooking in a microwave or on a grill does not guarantee the death of the parasite. | Nursing | Preferably cook the fish at less than 60ºC. | 37 | 4 | e5fdf79b-5f3a-4133-a1e4-aff31aeab5d3 | 2022 |
Which of the following foods is allowed for unrestricted consumption for patients with Gout?: | Sugary drinks. | Spinach. | Non-alcoholic beer. | Nursing | Red meat. | 38 | 1 | c38a0cca-e5fc-491e-992f-e16220c08455 | 2022 |
Indicate the correct option in relation to measuring enteral nutrition tolerance: | We will consider that the patient does not tolerate enteral nutrition when the extracted residual volume exceeds 300 cc. | We will consider that the patient does not tolerate enteral nutrition when the extracted residual volume exceeds 200 cc. | We will consider that the patient does not tolerate enteral nutrition when the extracted residual volume exceeds 500 cc. | Nursing | We will consider that the patient does not tolerate enteral nutrition when the extracted residual volume exceeds 400 cc. | 39 | 4 | 87ba4cad-4d88-482a-a917-2162aa514f8e | 2022 |
Among the situations that favor the appearance of a biotin deficiency include: | Use of oral contraceptives. | Diet based on rice. | Use of sunscreens. | Nursing | Excessive intake of raw eggs. | 40 | 3 | f85a968c-9d36-4c67-8d72-434f9e9e27f3 | 2022 |
The metabolic control goals in range (TIR) for women with preconception type 1 diabetes mellitus using flash monitoring systems and continuous glucose monitoring are: | Time in range (63-140 mg/dl) at least 5%. | Time in range (63-140 mg/dl) over 70%. | Time in range (70-95 mg/dl) at least 5%. | Nursing | Time in range (70-95 mg/dl) more than 70%. | 41 | 1 | f2e30a36-51a1-4c58-81c9-f20cbcf34d93 | 2022 |
In the case of an individual with diabetes at a moderate risk of hypoglycemia and a moderate sport habit who had exercised late in the afternoon, presenting a stable trend arrow in an interstitial glucose monitor: | It is recommended to intake 10 g of carbohydrate. | No carbohydrate intake is recommended for them. | It depends on the amount of active insulin. | Nursing | You are recommended an intake of 15 g of carbohydrate. | 42 | 2 | 59c49b6b-01e8-4fe2-bbf3-49aff318e7ad | 2022 |
Indicate the correct answer in relation to the use of needles in subcutaneous administration of insulin: | The 4 mm needle is not recommended for obese patients. | The 4 mm needle is recommended for subcutaneous administration with little risk of intramuscular or intradermal administration. It is considered the safest for adults and children. | The 4 mm needle in children under 6 years old and very thin adults does not require a pinch. | Nursing | The 4 mm needle should not be inserted at 90 degrees. | 43 | 1 | 00b2ed16-95e7-4c5d-9c50-46d39c16c0f8 | 2022 |
In quality management, one of the techniques for situation analysis would be the application of the SWOT methodology. This management tool allows to obtain a representation of the weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities. Identify the correct answer: | Threats: these are all those external factors that can prevent the execution of a strategy or endanger its viability. | Weaknesses: they are related to external characteristics. | The external analysis exposes the strengths and weaknesses. | Nursing | Opportunities: They gather the set of internal resources, positions of power, and any type of own competitive advantage. | 44 | 2 | 65b85a5f-7335-46eb-b4e5-35000a13e7bb | 2022 |
The Swiss Cheese Model is a tool for risk analysis and management. It is not included in its graphic representation: | A series of domains, among them: supervision. | A series of domains, among them: influences of the organization. | Vector of problems that crosses all slices until an adverse scenario materializes. | Nursing | Two types of failures: specific acts and prior conditions. | 45 | 3 | 34f7e8ae-9a1b-4fe9-a1f1-65b6c8924f44 | 2022 |
When we talk about a mistake that did not lead to an adverse event because it was detected in time, we are referring to: | Sentinel event. | Adverse event. | Patient safety. | Nursing | Near failure. | 46 | 3 | 5e6fab27-76fd-4ce5-ac7f-55de878c1a4b | 2022 |
In accordance with vaccination to control infectious diseases, critical coverage is understood as: | Percentage of the population that must be immunized for the transmission potential of the microorganism to be less than one. | Percentage of the population that must be immunized for the potential transmission of the microorganism to be equal to zero. | Percentage of population that must be immunized for the transmission potential of the microorganism to be less than three. | Nursing | Percentage of population that must be immunized so that the potential transmission of the microorganism is less than two. | 47 | 2 | 210c6c06-4a56-4170-a20a-a4bab931b1e1 | 2022 |
According to the Kappa Index (κ), it would be incorrect: | The kappa index (κ) represents the proportion of observed agreements beyond chance, relative to the maximum possible agreement beyond chance. | The kappa index (κ) is used to evaluate the agreement or reproducibility of measurement instruments whose result is categorical (2 or more categories). | A result between 0.61-0.80 implies a substantial degree of agreement. | Nursing | A result between 0.21-0.40 implies an insufficient degree of agreement. | 49 | 3 | e33270f5-7685-4400-9671-3c2fdddf1fc4 | 2022 |
During the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, in relation to diagnostic tests, which of the following aspects will primarily be influenced by the situation? | The specificity. | The sensitivity. | The reliability. | Nursing | The predictive values. | 50 | 3 | aa663adc-64e9-4d44-8ce1-1a6f1470703a | 2022 |
Which parametric test will be used to determine the variance?: | Mann-Whitney U. | Wilcoxon Test. | Kruskal-Wallis test. | Nursing | Fisher-Snedecor F-distribution. | 51 | 3 | 4cfb748d-868d-42bd-83c1-516ee04ab235 | 2022 |
Regarding the calculation of the number of subjects needed for a study whose objective is the estimation of a mean or a proportion, point out which element does not intervene: | Precision with which the parameter is desired to be estimated. | Variability of the parameter that is desired to be estimated. | Desired level of confidence. | Nursing | Statistical power or the capacity of the study to detect a certain difference. | 52 | 3 | 7412903c-90a2-4932-840d-dd492edc1a1e | 2022 |
Regarding the Haynes pyramid, which of the following information sources is at the top of the pyramid?: | Original articles. | Meta-analysis. | Systematic reviews. | Nursing | Decision-making support systems. | 53 | 3 | 08ed8335-13e3-4895-85a9-6c5fd9ef734a | 2022 |
When presenting a research paper, we are instructed that the bibliography must be presented in APA 7th ed. style. Identify which of the following options would be correct: | Bravo, E., Barco, R., & Bullón, A. (2010). Anatomical study of the abductor pollicis longus: A source for grafting material of the hand. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 468(5), 1305-1309. | Dawes J, Rowley J. Enhancing the customer experience: contributions from information technology, J Business Res. 2005; 36(5):350- 7. | S.-Y. Chung, "Multi-level dirty paper coding," IEEE Communication Letters, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 456-458, June 2008. | Nursing | Estévez, Federico, Eric Magar, and Guillermo Rosas. 2008. "Partisanship in Nonpartisan Electoral Agencies and Democratic Compliance: Evidence from Mexico's Federal Electoral Institute". Electoral Studies 27 (June): 257-71. | 54 | 2 | 377b6d36-c799-49e9-ae20-e2adff7dae09 | 2022 |
In accordance with the provisions of Royal Decree 664/1997, dated May 12, on the protection of workers against risks related to exposure to biological agents at work, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is considered: | Group 2 Biological Agent. | Biological Agent of group 1. | Group 4 Biological Agent. | Nursing | Group 3 Biological Agent. | 55 | 3 | 34c7b3cf-fd0d-4f4e-af53-ae6d09bf8845 | 2022 |
According to the WHO, for a building to be considered "sick", what minimum percentage of its occupants must have some type of affliction associated with its construction? | 15%. | 20%. | 5%. | Nursing | 12%. | 56 | 1 | ae2b9e3e-27ed-4a39-bd02-ef4d93936651 | 2022 |
In accordance with Law 31/1995, of November 8, on Prevention of Occupational Risks, indicate the incorrect answer regarding the competencies and powers of the Delegates for Prevention of Occupational Risks: | Carry out surveillance and control duties regarding non-compliance with occupational risk prevention regulations. | To be consulted by the employer, prior to its implementation, regarding the decisions referred to in Article 33 of the present Law. | Collaborate with the company management in improving preventive action. | Nursing | Promote and encourage the cooperation of workers in the implementation of regulations on occupational risk prevention. | 57 | 2 | 296cdf39-078e-4d63-b4a3-657cbd2786f6 | 2022 |
From an ethical perspective, biomedical research consists of a series of guarantees and premises that must be adhered to provide the necessary ethical-legal safeguard to the process. Indicate the correct answer: | Ethically, biomedical research must ensure that the person subjected to investigation does not suffer risks or discomforts disproportionate to the potential benefits that may be obtained from it. | From an ethical perspective, biomedical research ensures that the interest and welfare of society or science will prevail over the interest and welfare of the individual participating in this type of research. | If the biomedical research has the necessary significance and clinical importance, the participants will be delayed or deprived of the necessary medical procedures, diagnostics or therapies needed for their health status. | Nursing | From an ethical and legal standpoint, biomedical research cannot be initiated in cases where the person is in an emergency clinical situation and cannot provide their consent. | 58 | 2 | e40b7f16-583f-4335-a4da-afe7a8785a40 | 2022 |
The Law 14/2002, of November 14, basic regulator of patient autonomy and rights and obligations regarding information and clinical documentation, defends and guarantees with its principles and provisions the following premise: | The patient's right to be informed about any action related to their health with all the available information, without any exception stipulated by law, while also respecting their right not to be informed. | The patient's or user's ability to freely and voluntarily choose between two or more therapeutic and care treatment options, among various medical practitioners or between health care centers in a legitimate manner outside the terms and conditions established by the competent health services, and with the approval of their responsible doctor. | The right of a person to information about issues pertaining to their own health does not apply in the case of existing public health problems in the community that pose a risk to public health or individual health. | Nursing | The holder of the right to information is the patient and those related to him by familial or factual reasons may also be informed to the extent that the patient expressly or tacitly allows it. However, this right to information can be limited in cases of therapeutic necessity duly accredited. | 59 | 3 | 22373d0a-1392-4812-aef9-2cfc3aa4f512 | 2022 |
The Law 16/2003, of May 28, on cohesion and quality of the National Health System, recognizes, among others, the right of citizens to: | Receive, from the health service of the autonomous community in which they are located, the healthcare from the catalog of benefits of the National Health System that they may require, under the same conditions and identical guarantees as the citizens residing in that autonomous community. | Receive, from the health service of the autonomous community in which they reside, the healthcare from the catalogue of benefits of the National Health System that they may require, under the same conditions and identical guarantees as citizens residing in another autonomous community. | To receive, from the health service of the autonomous community where one is relocated, the healthcare from the catalog of benefits of the National Health System that may be required, under the same conditions and identical guarantees of the autonomous community in which one resides. | Nursing | Receive, from the health service of the autonomous community in which they reside, the healthcare from the National Health System's catalogue of services that they may require, under the same conditions and identical guarantees as citizens residing in the entirety of the European Union. | 60 | 2 | 159ce263-9dce-4b01-ad91-e502daaa7441 | 2022 |
The denials of assistance in dying, recognized in the Organic Law 3/2021, of March 24, regulating euthanasia: | They must be made in writing or by another means that allows for a record to be kept, and must be properly motivated by the responsible physician, within a maximum period of twenty natural days from the first request. | They must be made in writing or by another means that allows for a record, and motivated by the responsible doctor, within a maximum period of ten natural days from the first request. | They must be carried out in writing and be motivated by the responsible physician, within a maximum period of twenty natural days from the first request. | Nursing | They must be carried out in writing and justified by the responsible doctor, within a maximum period of ten calendar days from the first request. | 61 | 3 | 2b99ba5b-2096-4690-b27a-a71addfc0eef | 2022 |
Among the measures to ensure the provision of voluntary termination of pregnancy included in the Organic Law 2/2010, of March 3, on sexual and reproductive health and voluntary termination of pregnancy, the following is not found: | All women will be guaranteed the free choice of public health center, for access to services regardless of where they live. | All women will be guaranteed equal access to services, regardless of where they reside. | It will be ensured that the access and care quality of the service will not be compromised by the exercise of conscientious objection by health professionals directly involved in the voluntary termination of pregnancy. | Nursing | It will be ensured that in all cases, healthcare professionals will provide appropriate treatment and medical care to women who need it before and after having undergone a procedure for the termination of pregnancy. | 62 | 2 | 2e2d1abf-ca27-467c-8662-a6c14fd972bd | 2022 |
The Resolution of October 20, 2020, from the General Directorate of Public Health, which validates the "Guide for the indication, use and authorization of the dispensation of prescription drugs by nurses for: Wounds": | It includes those medications subject to a medical prescription that nurses can prescribe, use, and authorize their dispensation in a protocolized manner, without granting the ability to modify the regimen, extend or suspend the treatment without prior medical authorization. | It defines the prescription drugs that nurses can prescribe, use, and authorize their dispensation in certain situations and in a protocolized manner. | It allows Autonomous Communities to develop, based on the contents established in the aforementioned guide, their own protocols and/or clinical or assistance practice guides, increasing, if so arranged, the competencies of nurses collected in the RD in this matter in the exclusive scope of the Autonomous Community where the nurse has obtained the accreditation for this competence. | Nursing | It adapts to the scientific evidence currently available and should be reviewed every two years by an expert committee from the Ministry of Health, although new drugs can be incorporated and authorized within that period. | 63 | 1 | bc7f0f74-640f-46f6-b9ab-31cebdd4c589 | 2022 |
The Nursing Now Challenge (Nursing Now Challenge) is a global movement initiated in June 2021 by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) and the WHO, which: | It defines the minimum nurse-to-patient ratio recommended by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in general terms, but leaves the interpretation up to each country, depending on their resources, healthcare system models, and the characteristics of different job positions. | It aims to improve the patient's experience by empowering nurses and midwives. | It refers to the international legislative regulations that grant nurses the ability to make decisions regarding their professional practice. | Nursing | The statement establishes a distinctive difference between the relevant aspects of clinical practice of nurses and that of midwives. | 64 | 1 | 62dc990a-fc82-45ee-9e5c-dcca2c7d3e54 | 2022 |
Among the manifestations that can occur in the context of gender violence, when referring to abuse against others, such as daughters and sons, with the purpose of harming and hurting the woman, we speak of: | Patrimonial violence. | Physical violence. | Environmental violence. | Nursing | Vicarious violence. | 65 | 3 | 1b3cea91-e3da-423c-b8ff-b41e84f1c657 | 2022 |
A recurring obstacle in the presentation of health research findings has been the assumption, as a norm, that women are in the same situation as men. This is known as: | Paradigm of Invisibility. | Matilda Effect. | Glass ceiling. | Nursing | Double standards. | 66 | 2 | 7289e11c-e07f-47bc-bd53-1ec768415421 | 2022 |
According to the conclusion of the report on The Global State of Girls 2020 (IN)SECURE ONLINE by the NGO Plan International, regarding online harassment and abuse, indicate which of the following is the most common form of harassment within gender-based violence related to the use of new technologies: | Racist comments. | Anti-LGBTIQ+ comments. | Insults and use of offensive language. | Nursing | Threats of sexual violence. | 67 | 4 | 82a122c6-933f-41a1-a432-5d9c73d3501e | 2022 |
A verb associated with the "guide" style of communication by the professional would be: | Decide. | Administer. | Assist. | Nursing | Reinforce. | 68 | 4 | 30439600-2341-44bd-9b55-e8c191987a69 | 2022 |
Regarding the appropriate motivational interview (MI), it is false that: | The general style of the MS (Multiple Sclerosis) is guiding, midway between the directive and accompanying styles, of which it also incorporates some elements. | MI (Motivational Interviewing) is a collaborative conversation style whose purpose is to strengthen the person's motivation and commitment to change. | When the therapist uses a directive style and advocates for change to a person who is ambivalent, this person will react by defending the opposing arguments. | Nursing | Ambivalence is an abnormal element of the preparation process for change and it's a state in which a person can be trapped for a certain amount of time. | 69 | 3 | 1a3f29e2-b278-459b-9791-542aa518e94d | 2022 |
Which stage corresponds to finding out how much the patient knows according to the Buckman protocol? | Second stage. | First stage. | Fourth stage. | Nursing | Third stage. | 70 | 2 | cb4cee3f-5c3f-4c8f-989b-7320a6086897 | 2022 |
Among the following clinical manifestations, which one is not indicative of severe dehydration in an infant: | Body weight loss >10%. | Delay in capillary refill >1.5 seconds. | Cold and mottled skin. | Nursing | Depression of consciousness level. | 71 | 1 | c20c9a7c-7653-4ef8-9383-f17d1e7947fd | 2022 |
Indicate the incorrect option in relation to hand-foot-mouth disease: | Causes itching skin lesions on limbs and oral cavity. | In most cases, it is an infection caused by coxsackie virus or an enterovirus. | Commonly, it is transmitted via the oral-fecal route. | Nursing | It can be transmitted through respiratory secretions. | 72 | 2 | be15c574-34c3-4f60-a49f-d52540d87dd6 | 2022 |
What is the incorrect option regarding clubfoot? | It can be postural, congenital, or associated with a dysplasia of the musculoskeletal tissue. | It leads to a rise in the longitudinal arch of the medial side of the foot. | It is also called clubfoot. | Nursing | There is plantar flexion and adduction of the forefoot/midfoot in relation to the rearfoot. | 73 | 1 | 267a91b6-3a59-49fc-bb5f-a1cd754004ca | 2022 |
What is the term for one of the most common recurrent fever syndromes in childhood, with regular intervals between episodes, accompanied by tonsillitis, oral ulcers and/or lymphadenopathy? | PFAPA Syndrome. | Schnitzler Syndrome. | Rett Syndrome. | Nursing | Familial Mediterranean Fever. | 74 | 2 | 9281608d-d457-4886-8182-6536d9ac17a4 | 2022 |
In response to a score of 7 on the Apgar test at one minute of life in a newborn, one can expect: | Heart rate <100, weak respiration, distal cyanosis, grimacing in response to stimuli, and flaccidity. | Heart rate >100, regular respiration, pinkish coloration, vigorous crying and active movement. | Heart rate >100, regular breathing, rosy complexion, no response to stimuli and moderate flexion of the limbs. | Nursing | Heart rate >100, regular respiration, distal cyanosis, no response to stimuli and limbs with moderate flexion. | 75 | 4 | d19a1abd-caf3-4365-83d4-c6aa3750f162 | 2022 |
What fasting period from the last intake should we consider for an infant exclusively breastfed who is going to undergo a diagnostic test under sedation? | Three to four hours of fasting. | Two hours of fasting since the last intake. | Fasting is not necessary for patients exclusively breastfeeding. | Nursing | Six hours of fasting. | 76 | 2 | 2c1d2ce3-1876-4ad9-8bb9-de267c995e9d | 2022 |
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