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In a traffic accident, a pregnant woman is found with a uterine height about 12 cm above her navel, polytraumatized, and in cardiopulmonary arrest. What maneuvers should we add to the normal Basic Life Support procedures? | Prepare for a perimortem cesarean section 5 minutes into Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation maneuvers without pulse restoration. | Review of the pubis or lower limbs in search of the appearance of amniotic fluid. | Elevation of lower limbs to 45º. | Nursing | Manual uterine displacement to the left. | 103 | 3 | 5a000f32-9caf-43be-9a84-d65abcb27808 | 2020 |
You are carrying out your care activity in a family planning center. After taking the medical history of a 25-year-old woman and considering her preferences, you recommend that the best contraceptive would be the use of the vaginal ring. Which of the following tests is strictly necessary before the referral for the chosen contraceptive method, according to the Clinical Practice Guide of Contraception of the Ministry of Health, Consumer Affairs and Social Welfare?: | Performing cervical cytology. | Breast examination. | Blood pressure measurement. | Nursing | Calculation of Body Mass Index. | 104 | 4 | f4479b85-d6c2-4a7b-8ab0-8dfab58cbc12 | 2020 |
Indicate which is the most common high-risk Human Papilloma Virus in women in our country, according to the Review of the Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination Program in Spain, edited by the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality: | Human Papilloma Virus 18. | Human Papilloma Virus 16. | Human Papilloma Virus 61. | Nursing | Human Papilloma Virus 51. | 105 | 1 | f5a35445-e040-4939-9919-0bc0bb5a918e | 2020 |
Listeria infection in pregnant women most frequently tends to cause: | Dermatological lesion consisting of an erythematous papule. | Mucopurulent cervicitis in the first trimester. | Premature birth. | Nursing | Hypertensive episodes during pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation. | 106 | 4 | 33a00ba3-1b5a-485b-ab73-5c17771c5bdb | 2020 |
Of the following actions, which do you consider to be the least recommended for dealing with a woman/family when we are faced with a situation of fetal death: | That the healthcare professional introduces themselves to the woman/family by their name and position. | Inform parents about the available local support groups. | Stay with the woman/family at all times, preventing them from being alone. | Nursing | Recommend them the possibility of seeing their deceased baby. | 107 | 4 | c1c01f00-fcb0-401b-ac3a-e425e1ac30bd | 2020 |
Indicate which of the following cardiovascular modifications due to pregnancy is incorrect: | Decrease in cardiac output. | Postural hypotension. | Physiological anemia of pregnancy. | Nursing | Increase in blood volume. | 108 | 2 | 27e87067-35f9-46bf-a0fb-061d32d09b47 | 2020 |
Indicate which of the following is the most common external cause of death among women in Spain, according to the latest available data from the National Institute of Statistics: | Hypertensive disease. | Alzheimer's Disease. | Suicides. | Nursing | Accidental falls. | 109 | 3 | 152a2c30-6eea-4dfd-bde3-05a488a103dc | 2020 |
The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT), used for the initial assessment of pediatric patients in emergency triage rooms, is composed of three sides or aspects to evaluate, which are: | Appearance, breathing, and circulation. | Respiratory work, general condition and pulse. | Breathing, pulse, and response to stimuli. | Nursing | Assistance time, responsiveness and posture. | 110 | 2 | 7782df8f-645e-4b71-8d8a-1384ea226884 | 2020 |
What is the inflammation or infection of the glans in the pediatric patient manifested by clinical symptoms of erythema, edema and penis pain called? | Paraphimosis. | Balanitis. | Priapism. | Nursing | Glanditis. | 111 | 1 | 6261c4ab-499b-401a-8ebb-f57a44f886a3 | 2020 |
In pediatrics, in reference to the term “preductal arterial oxygen saturation” measured by pulse oximetry, please indicate the correct answer: | The measurement of preductal oxygen saturation in the newborn gives us information about hypercapnia at the time of birth. | This refers to the arterial oxygen saturation measured in the right lower limb. | The interpretation of preductal arterial saturation measurement in relation to postductal saturation provides important clues about the cause of hypoxemia in the newborn. | Nursing | In pediatric patients, preductal arterial oxygen saturation measurement using pulse oximetry is not indicated. | 112 | 4 | 22e5a5bf-2010-43a1-ba83-41a7e76c48c3 | 2020 |
Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common digestive emergency in the neonatal intensive care unit. Among its risk factors we do not find: | Meconial amniotic fluid during childbirth. | Prematurity and/or low birth weight. | Congenital heart disease. | Nursing | Feeding with milk and/or infant formulas. | 113 | 2 | 63c83eec-53d5-438f-941b-acef43ed0e83 | 2020 |
When scheduling a rescue or accelerated vaccination regimen for patients under 6 years of age with an incomplete schedule, as indicated by the Vaccine Advisory Committee of the Spanish Association of Pediatrics, which of the following issues will we not take into account?: | It is important to respect the minimum age for the administration of the vaccine. | A vaccination schedule must be restarted, even if previous doses have already been administered. | The minimum age for the administration of the chickenpox vaccine will be 9 months under special circumstances. | Nursing | The minimum intervals between doses will be respected. | 114 | 1 | dd0086cd-59b5-47e2-b969-7e90cf80927a | 2020 |
Among the following vaccines, in which one is an egg allergy considered a permanent contraindication for its administration in pediatric patients? | Typhoid fever. | Yellow fever. | Hepatitis A. | Nursing | Flu. | 115 | 1 | 07722c7b-2a6b-481a-8470-35195dd408a7 | 2020 |
In a situation of airway obstruction by a foreign body (FBAO) in a 10-month-old infant, indicate the correct course of action: | In the case of ineffective cough and a conscious patient, we will treat it with back blows and chest compressions. | With the presence of an effective cough, we will carry out rescue ventilations. | In order to extract the foreign body, several attempts will be made to blindly sweep with a finger. | Nursing | If the patient is unconscious, abdominal compressions are indicated. | 116 | 2 | dfe1cd48-2dba-42bf-952b-c95c8217fc59 | 2020 |
The use of the high-flow nasal cannula device in comparison to the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as a ventilator therapy in infants, presents certain differences. Indicate the correct option: | There is less risk of nasal injuries with the application of CPAP compared to high-flow nasal cannulas. | The high-flow nasal cannula uses hot, humidified gas while the CPAP does so under ambient conditions. | Both high-flow nasal cannula and CPAP improve the ventilatory pattern, increasing the respiratory rate and decreasing the oxygen needs. | Nursing | The high flow nasal cannula system maintains fixed flows generating variable pressures, while the CPAP uses variable flows to achieve a fixed pressure. | 117 | 3 | 47ba8d61-e08e-46a0-8eca-509903b9bfce | 2020 |
Indicate the incorrect answer regarding the adaptation mechanisms of the newborn to extrauterine life: | In their respiratory adaptation, there is a reabsorption of lung fluid with a decrease in lung surfactant. | Adaptation is characterized by the onset of vigorous breathing due to various stimuli such as cord clamping and thermal and tactile stimulation. | Heat exchanges between the newborn and the environment occur in four ways: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation. | Nursing | At birth, pulmonary vascular resistances decrease rapidly. | 118 | 2 | 05b11146-3cc6-4d33-8cdc-3510182d30b6 | 2020 |
The development of the body during pediatric age affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs; Indicate the incorrect option regarding the factors that can modify the response to drugs: | The gastric pH is more acidic and gastric emptying is increased up to three months of age. | Percutaneous absorption is increased in neonates and infants. | The higher body water content of the neonate compared to older children, results in lower plasma concentrations for the same dose. | Nursing | Absorption after intramuscular administration is considered slow and erratic in the infant. | 119 | 2 | 247cb4b6-d3b8-4042-8154-6796c5d86594 | 2020 |
In the event of poisoning by oral ingestion in a pediatric patient, the administration of activated charcoal is the chosen digestive decontamination technique, as long as the substance is adsorbable by it. Indicate the incorrect answer regarding substances with low or no adsorption by activated charcoal: | Lithium. | Caustics. | Opiates. | Nursing | Hydrocarbons. | 120 | 4 | 2a93acab-b1be-46de-a0d3-2989bea83f76 | 2020 |
What is Rett Syndrome?: | It is a neurological disorder, of genetic origin, that primarily affects girls. | It is an autism spectrum disorder, with a high level of functioning. | It is an endocrine-metabolic disorder with neurocognitive impairment and psychomotor manifestations. | Nursing | It is a genetic disorder that involves a decrease in sexual hormones and a constant feeling of hunger. | 121 | 2 | 067bea27-9401-4fbc-9d79-6f050c6ea18c | 2020 |
Regarding Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), indicate the incorrect answer: | It is considered an effective treatment for malignant neuroleptic syndrome when supportive treatment fails along with pharmacotherapy. | In severe depressive episodes, it has proven to be overall the most effective therapeutic option above antidepressant drugs. | ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) is a treatment option for major depression, bipolar disorder, and psychosis in pregnant women. | Nursing | It is an absolute contraindication to have suffered a recent cerebral hemorrhage. | 122 | 3 | 8d684a0f-af25-4cdd-97cb-0eab0c4587da | 2020 |
According to the DSM-5 in the chapter on addictive disorders, which of the following disorders not related to substances appears as a diagnostic category?: | Sex addiction disorder. | Pathological Gambling Disorder. | Internet Use Disorder. | Nursing | Exercise addiction disorder. | 123 | 1 | cd490576-e8bf-4666-a187-8f454ed2284f | 2020 |
Indicate the incorrect response in relation to the Eating Disorder Anorexia Nervosa: | The presence of amenorrhea is a diagnostic criteria. | The primary objective of the nursing intervention is the interruption of the restrictive diet cycle and weight recovery. | The nursing intervention through the use of relaxation techniques is indicated to promote self-control of anxiety. | Nursing | The person who suffers from anorexia nervosa usually has knowledge about healthy lifestyle habits and an interest in cooking. | 125 | 2 | 53123c6d-bcbf-434e-94c3-40c9d5c66f77 | 2020 |
What is "craving"?: | The desire to consume drugs. | The individual risk of developing dependence on some toxic substances. | The property of some drugs to produce the same effects with lower doses. | Nursing | The reduction of cognitive ability secondary to prolonged use of opioids. | 126 | 2 | 0364b191-15de-4d9f-8771-cca1e98a4363 | 2020 |
According to the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), which of the following nursing interventions would not be indicated in the management of delusional ideas?: | Assist the patient in identifying social situations where it would be unacceptable to discuss delusional ideas. | Encourage the patient to ground their delusional beliefs with people they trust. | Provide recreational activities that require attention or skill. | Nursing | Focus the conversation on the content of the delusional idea in order to help the patient reduce anxiety. | 127 | 3 | 46d34567-76be-46c2-9434-fa74c96db30d | 2020 |
Which of the following clinical situations is associated with the highest risk of suicide?: | Person with narcissistic personality disorder following a divorce proposal. | Person with bipolar disorder entering a hypomanic phase. | Individual with major depressive disorder and pronounced clinophilia in outpatient treatment. | Nursing | Individual with major depressive disorder after hospital discharge following an admission. | 128 | 3 | 68dad959-4ef9-49cc-9d07-c61ae7893f56 | 2020 |
Indicate the correct statement about the effects of cortisol: | It stimulates the immune system by increasing the count of circulating lymphocytes in the blood. | It stimulates the protein catabolism of skeletal muscle. | Its plasma concentration has a circadian rhythm and is highest during the first part of the night. | Nursing | Stimulates the synthesis of glycogen at the liver level. | 129 | 1 | 3c063e8a-7fac-4b42-8c20-6bdc98a02d5c | 2020 |
Indicate the correct statement about the pathophysiological bases of meningitis: | In bacterial meningitis, the most common etiological agent in our environment is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). | In viral meningitis, intravenous antibiotics and oral corticosteroids are used as the first line of treatment. | The typical signs of viral encephalitis include severe headache, high fever, neck stiffness and chills, vomiting and altered consciousness. | Nursing | In bacterial meningitis, the analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid generally shows low values of glucose, proteins, and leukocytes. | 130 | 2 | 525c6990-602c-400f-b730-fb70905e57e9 | 2020 |
M.I.A. is a patient with breast cancer. In her last control Computed Tomography, it was reported that she has a space-occupying mass at the level of the occipital cortex. Indicate what alteration the patient could present as a result of this brain lesion: | Loss of muscle tone in lower limbs. | Loss of somatic sensitivity in lower limbs. | Visual disorder. | Nursing | Motor aphasia. | 131 | 4 | 82b9c155-60de-4fc1-8362-02ff1a5c35b1 | 2020 |
What's new in the updated Healthy Eating Pyramid of the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition compared to that of 2001? | Provides guidelines on frequency of consumption, appropriate water and caloric intake, daily physical activity, and occasional alcohol. | It includes recommendations to prevent overweight, such as 30 minutes of daily physical activity, daily consumption of seasonal fruits and vegetables, and occasional alcohol consumption. | It incorporates recommendations on energy balance and water intake, cooking techniques, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and emotional balance. | Nursing | Provides recommendations to moderate anxiety, maintain energy and water balance, and advice for the use of nutritional supplements. | 132 | 4 | ef90f764-9d10-41c6-b29d-d55b6329238f | 2020 |
In the consensus documents of the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity from 2011 and 2016, the characteristics of the classic hypocaloric diet are defined. What are they?: | Caloric content adjusted to weight corrected for obesity, with a balanced distribution of nutrients: 45-55% of carbohydrates, 10-15 % of proteins, 35% of fats and 40 grams of fiber. | Deficit of 500 Kcal per day with a nutrient distribution of 60% Carbohydrates (HC), 10-15% proteins, 30% fats, and 25 grams of fiber. | Deficit of 500-1000 kcal daily with 50-55% of carbohydrates, normal protein, low in saturated fatty acids, trans fats, and fast-absorbing sugars, and high in fiber. | Nursing | Deficit of 500 to 1000 kcal per day with balanced distribution of nutrients: 45-55% carbohydrates, 15-25% proteins, 25-35% fats, and 20-40 grams of fiber. | 133 | 3 | 81963d7f-1240-4d88-a79c-9b4f76981f31 | 2020 |
The swallowing assessment using the Clinical Examination Volume-Viscosity Method (CEVV) is performed on patients suspected of having oropharyngeal dysphagia. According to this method, which of these signs would indicate an alteration in swallowing safety?: | Pharyngeal residue, slow propulsion, and incomplete lip seal. | Fractionated swallowing, oral residue, and drooling. | Cough, changes in voice tone, oxygen saturation < 92% during the examination. | Nursing | Cough, wet voice, oxygen desaturation ≥ 3%. | 134 | 3 | c88c7d65-c76c-4c8e-9b00-5e31a2609a3b | 2020 |
The number of children in a family is a variable: | Continuous quantitative. | Dichotomous qualitative. | Nominal quantitative. | Nursing | Discrete quantitative. | 135 | 3 | 62e457b9-3267-4510-ac48-11bb042c44bd | 2020 |
Identify which Relative Risk (RR) result indicates that there is no association between the presence of the risk factor and the event: | RR >1. | RR= 1. | RR=0. | Nursing | RR < 1. | 136 | 1 | 5e64a734-e78f-479d-990d-17a6c0c73e6c | 2020 |
Indicate the incorrect option in relation to the interquartile range in descriptive statistics: | Indicates the range of the central 50% of the sample. | It is defined as the difference between the third and first quartile (75th and 25th percentiles, respectively). | It is usually accompanied by the mean as a measure of central tendency. | Nursing | It is used as a measure of dispersion when the variable presents extreme values. | 137 | 4 | 45694b36-c8f2-4d08-995b-4b17ce1938d2 | 2020 |
Indicate the incorrect answer regarding the anatomy of the gallbladder and bile duct: | The gallbladder is supported by the lower surface of segments IV and V of the liver and is responsible for storing bile secretion. | The parts of the gallbladder are the fundus, body, infundibulum, and neck. | Through the Ampulla of Vater, the bile and pancreatic secretion reach the duodenum. | Nursing | The common bile duct is formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct, emptying into the duodenum through the Ampulla of Wirsung. | 138 | 3 | b834c24a-0f2b-4946-94bf-3594b37911e9 | 2020 |
One of the essential structures to protect during thyroid and parathyroid surgeries to prevent respiratory complications is: | Cricoid cartilage. | Recurrent laryngeal nerves. | Cricothyroid muscle. | Nursing | Thyrohyoid ligament. | 139 | 1 | 82c0b6cd-5fda-4748-a031-58c68353816b | 2020 |
Which of the following muscles is not part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder: | Greater round or teres major. | Supraspinatus. | Subscapular. | Nursing | Infraspinatus. | 140 | 2 | 0e580cea-57f5-439c-9960-c42998398fe9 | 2020 |
Which of the following bacteria is anaerobic?: | Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | Clostridium botulinum. | Haemophilus influenzae type B. | Nursing | Legionella pneumophila. | 141 | 1 | fceefb39-9749-4f30-a762-823fa303e3f3 | 2020 |
Indicate the correct option, in relation to the removal of a tick anchored to the skin: | We will first disinfect the work area and with blunt-edged tweezers, we will turn and pull the tick, later applying disinfectant. | We will apply a solution on the tick that won't allow it to breathe, such as alcohol or vaseline, and we will wait for it to detach, subsequently applying disinfectant. | Using blunt-edged tweezers, we will hold the tick as close to the skin as possible, slowly and steadily pulling, and then applying disinfectant afterwards. | Nursing | We will hold the body of the tick with blunt-edged tweezers, pressing it lightly in order to detach it, while we twist and pull on it, subsequently applying disinfectant. | 142 | 4 | 4845322d-a56c-4b6c-9681-10242bbf3cae | 2020 |
Which of the following insulin preparations used to treat hyperglycemia after eating has a higher risk of causing hypoglycemia?: | Aspart insulin. | Glulisine Insulin. | Lispro Insulin. | Nursing | Regular human insulin. | 143 | 3 | 9eba3f54-6f47-4aa7-998e-794a7f129018 | 2020 |
Which of the following psychotropic drugs has a higher risk of generating suicidal behaviors in childhood and adolescence?: | Benzodiazepines. | Antidepressants. | Lithium. | Nursing | Neuroleptics. | 144 | 1 | 93f5eb84-de6a-4631-bf1b-e80a984d4008 | 2020 |
The dosing of aminoglycosides "once a day" is justified according to all the following criteria, except: | The bactericidal activity of these antibiotics is concentration dependent. | In the case of renal insufficiency, a dose adjustment would not be necessary. | They present a prolonged post-antibiotic effect. | Nursing | The risk of toxicity is lower if compared to multiple dose dosing. | 145 | 1 | e780f7e9-a11a-4e09-80ca-ff120ce0702f | 2020 |
Which of the following antihypertensives is absolutely contraindicated during pregnancy and its administration should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy is detected?: | Losartan. | Propranolol. | Verapamil. | Nursing | Nifedipine. | 146 | 2 | e4c51516-84fc-4033-8ab6-ef69fe28a204 | 2020 |
The indicated analgesic treatment for breakthrough cancer pain is: | Oral Oxycodone. | Intravenous morphine. | Buccal Fentanyl. | Nursing | Intramuscular Tramadol. | 147 | 4 | e98b5984-7bb0-4f94-830a-4373787527fe | 2020 |
Observation is one of the primary functions of health professionals. Indicate the incorrect option: | It is the art of knowing how to listen, choose, and analyze information. | It is a passive and voluntary process. | It must be accurate, truthful, and complete. | Nursing | This should be done with discretion. | 148 | 1 | 2e4a6308-f531-4abe-b540-c48266f3a16c | 2020 |
Assertiveness is a form of behavior in relationships. State which of the following statements is correct: | Assertive techniques can be used to deal with emotional manipulation. | It results in the absence of conflict. | The partial agreement or negative assertion acknowledges the mistake, without distinguishing between the act and the being. | Nursing | In the positive assertive response, the initiative is taken by the other person. | 149 | 2 | 9b8b29bd-cfe1-499d-9322-00ccfedb6c1b | 2020 |
Regarding the frequency of visits to Primary Care consultations, indicate the incorrect answer: | The frequency is calculated by dividing all the visits made in a year at a health center by the total number of people attended. | The main factor influencing the frequency of consultations is the patient's morbidity. | The characteristics of professionals influence the frequency of appointments. | Nursing | Visitation frequency is the number of times each person goes to receive on-demand care at a health center in a year. | 150 | 3 | 079adae0-ec0f-49d2-b830-ebb8fc089cb1 | 2020 |
When we come across this data in a quality management document: Number of cesarean births (per 100) divided by the total number of births in the population in the year of interest. It is referring to: | A standard. | An indicator. | One goal. | Nursing | One criterion. | 151 | 1 | 2d8a1f2b-0c0d-448c-8dcf-6076f2158fb0 | 2020 |
The European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) model is not characterized by: | It consists of 9 evaluation criteria: 5 agent criteria and 4 outcome criteria. | It establishes that customer and staff satisfaction and social acceptance of an organization are achieved through: Leadership, Policy and strategy, People management, Resource and partnership management, and Process management. | The EFQM model, as a total quality model, is a model of excellence that all types of organizations can use and apply, both healthcare and non-healthcare. | Nursing | The criteria results indicate how a center should act when implementing a total quality management system. | 152 | 3 | 43829535-4d9b-41a0-90f7-d653b5f0ffbf | 2020 |
In quality management, one of the methods used in the prioritization phase would be: | Hanlon Method. | Flowchart Methodology. | Ishikawa Diagram Method. | Nursing | SWOT-CAME Method. | 153 | 2 | 0eef6244-b535-45b4-8676-d5f7dd56fa6c | 2020 |
According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) classification, when the effect estimator may be substantially different from the actual effect, the correct degree of quality of evidence would be: | Discharge. | Very low. | Discharge. | Nursing | Moderate. | 154 | 2 | dfaacbe8-736c-4d74-bc13-f0db34183268 | 2020 |
Identify which of the following options corresponds to facilitating tools for the analysis and critical reading of scientific papers: | eXeLearning. | EndNote. | CASPe. | Nursing | BibTeX. | 155 | 4 | 76637219-0a34-46f1-9f50-6d5363a77e31 | 2020 |
Responding to the following clinical question structured in "PICO" format: Should structured educational programs directed at individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their families be recommended?, identify what would be the key intervention component: | Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their relatives. | Structured program. | Usual care. | Nursing | Self-management of the disease: diet, physical exercise, foot care, glucose monitoring; reduction of cardiovascular disease; prevention/reduction of emergency room visits, improvement in quality of life, reduction in mortality, reduction in smoking habit. | 156 | 1 | 97da4754-a435-408c-82e1-97150115776f | 2020 |
The conceptual phase of the research process does not include: | Construction of the theoretical framework. | Formulation of the question. | Formulation of research objectives. | Nursing | Analysis of data obtained in field work. | 157 | 3 | c51e7b8a-21e7-451d-8a88-4a3e4a6d0f32 | 2020 |
Cohort studies are longitudinal and there is a follow-up of the study subjects. Indicate the correct answer in relation to their characteristics: | They are the most suitable for the study of rare diseases. | The incidence of the disease can be estimated in exposed subjects and in those not exposed, as well as the relative risk. | The main estimation in this type of studies is the prevalence of a disease. | Nursing | They are not suitable for causal research. | 158 | 1 | 246a7d2f-3a95-4ab5-8c40-b3a8435f4495 | 2020 |
Considering the classification of clinical questions and most appropriate research study designs to answer them, identify what would be the most suitable type of research study to answer a question of etiology type: | Cases and Controls and Cohorts. | Randomized clinical trial. | Concordance Studies and Diagnostic Tests. | Nursing | Phenomenological study. | 159 | 2 | a4ca03b3-4592-4a8d-a5d5-015ea482320a | 2020 |
Of the following resources, which is the most recommended if we have understanding issues with women affected by or at risk of female genital mutilation? | Intercultural mediator. | Social worker of the center. | Department of Child Protection and Prosecutor's Office. | Nursing | Pediatric nurse. | 160 | 2 | 1cf2ee86-e77d-4354-8236-431a4e9ec4eb | 2020 |
Among theories explaining the causes of gender violence, point out the one initially proposed by Seligman. He explains that "due to psychological wear and after repeated episodes of violence, the woman internalizes the futility of her strategies to avoid them and remains subdued and nullified, understanding that anything they do will prove to be useless." | Theory of the cycle of violence. | Theory of learned helplessness. | Paradoxical punishment model. | Nursing | Traumatic bonding theory. | 161 | 1 | c86e9008-00ad-491b-a2ad-a76dbda456e2 | 2020 |
What is the most common type of violence suffered by women with disabilities? | Murder. | Denial of the necessary care. | Threats with weapons. | Nursing | Blows and beatings. | 162 | 1 | 241bb7f9-6889-4932-931e-1f8e2990d7e3 | 2020 |
These are ionizing radiations to which a male or female professional working in the healthcare field can be exposed to: | Nuclear magnetic resonance and short wave. | Radiofrequency and microwaves. | Computed axial tomography and radiography. | Nursing | Magnetotherapy and phototherapy. | 163 | 4 | 1919aa12-76f6-4278-96f2-da8a299a8c2a | 2020 |
M.T.T., admitted to the hospitalization unit where you work, was diagnosed two days ago with active pulmonary tuberculosis. A family member comes to accompany him to the radiology unit in order to perform a diagnostic test. What protective measures should be taken?: | Family member enters the room with FFP3 mask, patient leaves with surgical mask. | Family member enters the room with an FFP2 mask, patient leaves with a surgical mask. | Family member enters the room with FFP3 mask, patient leaves with FFP3 mask. | Nursing | Family member enters the room with an FFP2 mask, patient leaves with an FFP2 mask. | 164 | 2 | 7fa711fc-9967-4ea3-a066-3af81f8d3757 | 2020 |
Regarding the safe practices of administering drugs in the operating room, it is not true that: | It is recommended to avoid the abbreviation "cc" (cubic centimeters) and instead use the abbreviation "ml" (milliliters). | Intrathecal or epidural medication must be labeled on a blue tag, with black text, using Arial or similar font of 10 to 12 points. | Antagonist drugs will be distinguished by white diagonal bars 1 mm in length and inclined at 45 degrees, the same color as the agonist drugs, and will alternate with white bars of 1 mm. The name of the drug will be found in the center of the label, and bars will be omitted around it. | Nursing | The colors of the labeling will be governed by the Pantone® scale. | 165 | 1 | d7bc6387-f523-46e4-a0b5-768bd4fb3fcd | 2020 |
What does the following symbol, which we can find on a health equipment, refer to? | The product is reusable up to 2 times. | The product cannot be used more than twice. | The product is reusable for a maximum of two patients. | Nursing | The product is not reusable. | 166 | 3 | de1c2649-501d-4915-95f8-bd77a56a0888 | 2020 |
Which of the following vaccines might be required for entry into a country via an international vaccination certificate?: | Yellow fever for travelers heading to or coming from countries or areas at risk of yellow fever, tetravalent meningitis against serogroups ACYyW135, and polio vaccine. | Hepatitis A, Cholera and Malaria in endemic countries. | There are no mandatory vaccines, but there are recommended ones, to enter a country. | Nursing | Rabies for staff who will be working with animals in countries endemic for rabies. | 167 | 2 | e35962df-c47d-4758-a808-eb966808dbe9 | 2020 |
In the context of interventional radiology, the result of an embolization is: | The improvement of circulatory permeability. | The increase in vascular diameter. | The increase in pressure. | Nursing | The thrombosis of the injury, which will be as extensive as possible. | 168 | 3 | fe97ca59-4726-4e05-8106-d29a4016207c | 2020 |
Cavitation is a specific biological effect of: | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. | The ultrasound. | Conventional Radiology. | Nursing | The Computed Tomography. | 169 | 1 | ca7e393f-f767-44fc-b28f-4cb1a97cc242 | 2020 |
According to the "Swiss cheese" model used by Reason, an organization should establish defenses, barriers, and security posts to prevent errors. This theory states that human error is a product of two factors: | Latent failures can be due to a lack of technical skills or a deficit in the knowledge of the professionals who commit them. Their effect is immediate. | Active failures are related to poorly designed processes and incorrect decisions made at higher hierarchies. | Latent failures are due to a lack of technical skills or a deficit of knowledge from the professionals who commit them, while active failures are related to poorly designed processes. | Nursing | Latent failures are in the organization (latent error) while active failures are the active error. | 170 | 3 | 7ba0976c-5edf-43e6-b610-3bf221737522 | 2020 |
In relation to the mandatory basic measures of the Pneumonia Zero Protocol, which of the following statements is true?: | Oral hygiene using chlorhexidine (0.12% - 0.2%). | Change of respirator tubing weekly. | Control and maintenance of the pneumotamponade pressure above 40 cm H2O. | Nursing | Strict hand hygiene with non-alcoholic based products after handling the airway. | 171 | 2 | f574a028-f883-48f7-9e5b-8740eb16199b | 2020 |
What do we call an Error?: | Deliberate deviation from standards, rules, or operating procedures. | The act of not carrying out a planned action as intended or implementing an incorrect plan. | Unforeseen harm resulting from a justified act, carried out during the application of the correct procedure in the context in which the event occurred. | Nursing | Event or circumstance that has caused or could have caused unnecessary harm to a patient. | 172 | 1 | 211c5380-ab1a-4e5b-9e9f-8dcd6f9aa5da | 2020 |
A 75-year-old male, weighing 80 kilograms, is presenting with an Acute Coronary Syndrome with ST Segment Elevation. The estimated arrival time to the hemodynamics room via ambulance is 150 minutes from symptom onset. Given this situation, your role as a nurse, and the Royal Decree 1302/2018, of October 22, on the indication, use, and authorization of dispensation of medicines and health products for human use by nurses, determine the action to follow: | Administer 10mg of Morphine Chloride subcutaneously, 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid, oxygen via venturi mask at 15 liters per minute, 40mg of tenecteplase intravenously, and await the arrival of the Emergency Unit. | Administer 10mg of Morphine Chloride subcutaneously, 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid, oxygen through a venturi mask at 15 liters per minute, and wait for the arrival of the Emergency Unit as it is within the time limit for angioplasty. | In accordance with current legislation, you will not be able to perform any of the actions. | Nursing | Administer 5mg i.v. of Morphine Chloride, 500mg of acetylsalicylic acid, oxygen through a venturi mask at 15 liters per minute, and an initial bolus of 15mg of alteplase while waiting for the arrival of the Emergency Medical Unit. | 174 | 4 | 437985ef-a54f-43e0-a4e7-f1472e80de8c | 2020 |
Considering the importance of addressing safety and unintentional injuries in the healthy child's consultation by the Primary Care Nurse, identify what type of child restraint system in vehicles would you indicate to the parents of a 14 kg child: | Group 2. | Group 1. | Group 4. | Nursing | Group 3. | 176 | 1 | bd011e8f-881a-4a55-aa1c-11536baf71a4 | 2020 |
Where is it recommended to place the pulse oximeter on a newborn during stabilization / resuscitation maneuvers? | Left upper limb. | Right upper limb. | Left earlobe. | Nursing | Left lower extremity. | 177 | 1 | 045f7b1c-75d7-4db8-a875-cf7360203c2c | 2020 |
Based on the evaluation and nutritional treatment algorithm in the adult patient with cancer, from the Nutrition and Cancer Working Group of the Spanish Society of Basic and Applied Nutrition (SENBA), which of the following patients is in the high nutritional risk group? | Patients receiving radiotherapy treatment with concurrent chemotherapy for lung neoplasms. | Patients receiving vinca derivatives. | Patients receiving treatment with paclitaxel. | Nursing | Patients who are going to undergo bone marrow transplant. | 178 | 3 | 0757198b-e27b-4c8b-ade2-29d1e14bbe08 | 2020 |
From the following answers, indicate the incorrect option in reference to the surgical verification system in the operating block: | Before the surgical incision, one of the items that is checked is the administration of the scheduled antibiotic prophylaxis. | It is done out loud before the anesthetic induction, prior to the surgical incision, and before the patient leaves the operating room. | Its use improves patient safety, and at a professional level, it improves relationships and communication within work teams. | Nursing | It must be performed in the presence of an anesthetist and nurse. | 179 | 3 | 0ee52177-46af-4384-b9ea-17cbb5c1dc69 | 2020 |
When administering an infusion of 0.9% Saline Solution, you know that for each liter of solution you are providing: | 76 mEq/l of Na. | 38.5 mEq/l of Na. | 308 mEq/l of Na. | Nursing | 154 mEq/L of Na. | 180 | 3 | 0ac24200-2cb5-43c2-a26b-a88e9d0c52e3 | 2020 |
The development of an academic work or scientific document requires a systematic and structured bibliography. The reference within the text of the academic work to ideas, phrases, or external documents, directing the reader to the source from which the information is extracted, is called: | Bibliographic reference. | Bibliography. | Reference list. | Nursing | Bibliographic citation. | 181 | 3 | cc2f1a52-340f-44ad-b0d5-270491b62389 | 2020 |
You are in the hallway of the hospitalization unit preparing medication when two middle-aged individuals in non-uniform clothing approach, asking for the room in which P.D.R. is admitted. According to Organic Law 3/2018, of December 5, on Personal Data Protection and guarantee of digital rights, if you tell them where he is, you could be sanctioned for a type of violation: | Serious. | Mild. | Reprimand. | Nursing | Very serious. | 182 | 3 | 8a10816c-6f09-4406-b14c-ea6a905b39ad | 2020 |
Which of the following measures is not included in the 1-hour Bundle proposed by the experts of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign for the initial treatment of sepsis: | Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics. | Administer 30 ml/kg of crystalloids if the patient has a blood lactate level of 2 mmol/L or higher. | Administer vasopressors if the patient is hypotensive during or after fluid resuscitation. | Nursing | Measure the level of lactate in blood. | 183 | 1 | f0428ca8-61c0-48b7-9954-ad5011197ca8 | 2020 |
Of the following placental hormones, indicate which one ensures a constant supply of glucose to the fetus: | Progesterone. | Estriol. | Placental lactogen. | Nursing | Chorionic gonadotropin hormone. | 184 | 4 | 970cb4ed-9c3f-4224-bdd4-17e75bddc690 | 2020 |
What is the maximum recommended daily dose of paracetamol in an adult? | 4 g. | 2 g. | 6 g. | Nursing | 5 g. | 185 | 2 | e5f642ee-4f41-4c18-86ed-b7629ec0d665 | 2020 |
The following reaction is a semi-synthesis process for obtaining derivatives of nitrogenous bases. What product will result from the following sequence of reactions? | Guanine. | Adenine. | 2-amino-9H-purin-8-ol. | Pharmacology | 8-amino-9H-purine. | 2 | 2 | b9cc0373-41a6-419f-b532-b5dce1bab0df | 2024 |
What does the symbol 𝝅 (pi) represent in a Hansch-Fujita type QSAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship) equation? | The electronic effects of a substituent. | The octanol/water partition coefficient of the molecule. | The hydrophobicity constant of a substituent. | Pharmacology | The steric effects of a substituent. | 3 | 4 | b832ee47-3193-4701-886c-8c29246903c2 | 2024 |
An inactive compound that needs to be activated by metabolic processes to have a therapeutic effect is called: | Bioequivalent drug. | Orphan drug. | Antimetabolite. | Pharmacology | Prodrug. | 4 | 3 | 905c07fa-0729-4ec1-a1de-64ffa4e534c1 | 2024 |
Which of the following functional groups is considered a bioisostere of the carboxylic group?: | Tetrazol. | Nitrile group. | Phenol. | Pharmacology | Thiophene. | 5 | 2 | f9dcd126-5b21-408b-b748-07bc397fefca | 2024 |
What effect does the presence of a hydroxyl group in the C-3 position have on the activity of 1,4-benzodiazepines, compared to its non-hydroxylated analogue? | Leads to compounds with a longer half-life. | Leads to compounds that are eliminated more quickly. | Leads to compounds without anxiolytic activity. | Pharmacology | Leads to GABA antagonist compounds. | 6 | 1 | c692690f-aa7d-48db-875f-85d43c015357 | 2024 |
Conjugation with amino acids is a phase II metabolic reaction. On which of the following groups can the reaction occur?: | Aromatic primary amines. | Activated carboxylic acids as thioesters. | Aromatic hydroxylamines, derived from the reduction of the corresponding nitro derivative. | Pharmacology | Phenols. | 7 | 1 | fd4a443c-59b2-4103-83f6-ca00ba4039fc | 2024 |
The hydrolysis of the amide in position 7 of cephalosporin C allows obtaining 7-aminocaphalosporanic acid (7-ACA). For this, once the carboxylic acid group of cephalosporin is protected, it is treated with phosphorus pentachloride and then with methanol. Into which group sensitive to hydrolysis has the amide in position 7 been converted?: | Acid Chloride. | Enamine. | Iminoether. | Pharmacology | Hemiacetal. | 8 | 4 | 0eb1c255-8896-488b-b2ae-e7c01c096df4 | 2024 |
The following structure corresponds to the antitumor mitomycin C. What is the initial step in the activation process of mitomycin C that turns it into an alkylating agent? | Hydrolysis of the carbamate. | Opening of the aziridine ring. | Reduction of the quinone ring. | Pharmacology | Formation of an enamine through loss of methanol. | 9 | 4 | 5989e2e7-4e07-4dab-98f7-010bc422845b | 2024 |
What is the relationship between isoguvacine and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)? | It is a homolog. | It is an isostere. | It is a vinyl. | Pharmacology | It is a rigid analog. | 11 | 3 | 3a80862b-6d1a-4534-8647-846646b98e6c | 2024 |
What type of interaction is established between the phenolic group of the morphine molecule and the opioid receptor? | Hydrogen bond. | Ionic bond. | Dipole-dipole interaction. | Pharmacology | Pi-cation interaction. | 12 | 2 | 463f13c5-3c47-4cea-a5c3-355b4a8fb1b6 | 2024 |
Which of the following statements regarding the natural antioxidant ascorbic acid is correct?: | It is a preventative antioxidant as an agent that absorbs in the UV. | It is a preventative antioxidant due to its chelating effect. | It is an antioxidant that captures radicals. | Pharmacology | It is an antioxidant that stabilizes membranes. | 13 | 4 | a6c9277d-0c9f-4a80-a2cc-5d62124ffa7b | 2024 |
The antitumor action of dacarbazine is due to the formation of: | An aziridinium cation. | A methyl diazonium salt. | A quinonimine. | Pharmacology | A hydroxyl radical. | 14 | 1 | b21d2c7b-38d4-4479-982b-0fd28faf2200 | 2024 |
Which of the following statements about the mechanism of action of anthracyclines is not correct?: | They generate hydroxyl radicals. | They are DNA intercalating agents. | They bind to the A site of the 30S ribosome subunit. | Pharmacology | They are chelating agents. | 15 | 4 | 671d278f-f90a-4375-b305-bc49d775f9d3 | 2024 |
Which of the following structural manipulations increases the anabolic action of male hormones?: | Substitution of carbon 2 with oxygen. | Introduction of a hydroxyl group at the 11β position. | Introduction of a methyl in the 16α position. | Pharmacology | Aromatization of ring A. | 17 | 2 | 45f1fe31-e3c8-4fb5-9445-c5099984950e | 2024 |
Which of the following strategies will increase the water solubility of a drug candidate molecule? | The substitution of a hydroxyl group with a methyl. | The introduction of a hydroxyl group. | The introduction of an aromatic ring. | Pharmacology | The reduction of a ketone group to alkane. | 18 | 1 | 21e3a3b5-8fd5-4174-9902-a59d6eb04558 | 2024 |
Which of the following beta-lactam antibiotics has no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?: | Ceftolozane-tazobactam. | Cefepime. | Ertapenem. | Pharmacology | Meropenem. | 19 | 4 | e1bb3196-0e93-49aa-8dcc-d63c68d889a4 | 2024 |
To cause an infection, dermatophytes need to affect a tissue rich in: | Collagen. | Hemoglobin. | Hyaluronic acid. | Pharmacology | Keratin. | 20 | 3 | 28764ec1-e11e-4bc8-9e97-f4d4ede39344 | 2024 |
The marker 1-3-beta-D-glucan is elevated in serum in the following infections except in: | Hepatosplenic Candidiasis. | Invasive Aspergillosis. | Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii. | Pharmacology | Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis. | 21 | 3 | 4ac58a5a-33e0-4504-b037-4aacbd44b123 | 2024 |
Which of the following characteristics corresponds to Campylobacter?: | It is a gram-positive bacillus. | It is a microorganism whose reservoir is exclusively human. | Currently, an effective vaccine is available to prevent the infection it causes. | Pharmacology | Causes diarrhea associated with the consumption of undercooked poultry meat. | 22 | 3 | 5f3de1a0-7b19-42ed-8caa-383ebf941c50 | 2024 |
Which of the infections caused by one of the following microorganisms cannot be treated with penicillin?: | Streptococcus pyogenes. | Treponema pallidum. | Streptococcus agalactiae. | Pharmacology | Mycoplasma pneumoniae. | 23 | 3 | 41c852e7-ab92-4e29-a229-3351fb0deffc | 2024 |
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