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https://openalex.org/W4293116444 | Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Females Who Live in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4293116444 | Health regulations to constrain the progress of the pandemic such as lockdowns, curfews, and quarantines made radical alterations in every aspect of individuals' lives, causing significant impact on their mental health and well-being. The current study aimed to examine whether there are significant differences in participants' sociodemographic variables in reported cases of depression, anxiety, and stress among women who lived in Kuwait during the curfew and lockdown caused by COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a cross-sectional method. A nonrandom sample of 596 participants was recruited. The current study found that women at higher risk of reporting more incidents of depression, anxiety, and stress during the lockdown and curfew were from the older age group above 50 years old, hold higher educational certificates, and own private businesses. High rates of reported depression and anxiety were detected significantly among Kuwaiti women. The findings of this study reveal the significant impact of an uncomfortable and distressful environment during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may negatively affected individuals' mental health and generated diverse forms of psychosocial illness. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2626353630 | Fractures in Kuwait: incidence and distribution | [
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"display_name": "Fawaz Azizieh",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2626353630 | The absence of descriptive epidemiological data on the frequency and distribution of fractures in a population is serious and may underestimate the actual importance of this public health problem. In this study, we report the crude and standardized incidence rates of fractures in the population of Kuwait during the period 2009-2012. Using the Ministry of Public Health's national registry, demographic data of all fracture cases between 2009 and 2012 were retrieved. These were further categorized into fractures at the hip or any other sites. Average annual incidence rates were calculated and standardized using the world's population in 2010 as a reference. Thus, 18,119 fractures among males and 6,362 among females were recorded. The overall estimated annual incidence rates of fractures per 100,000 person-years were 207 for males and 111.8 for females. Moreover, 13.3% of all fractures were in the hip, with incidence rates of 24.8 for males and 18.9 for females; while 86.7% were in other sites, with corresponding incidence rates of 182.2 and 92.8, respectively. The age-specific fracture incidence rates in females remained below the corresponding rates of males until ≥50 years of age, after which the female age groups showed successively higher rates. The age-standardized incidence rates for all fractures (hip and other sites) were 247.4 for males, 175.4 for females, and 216.2 for both sexes. The burden of this major public health challenge is set to rise, and such population-based incidence data call for an urgent need for action to reduce the projected human impact and socioeconomic costs of fracture. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2332668083 | Children and their parent's perceptions of overweight and obesity in Kuwait children | [
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"display_name": "Mohammed Alrashidi",
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"display_name": "K Linda",
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"display_name": "Jhon James",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2332668083 | Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children are a major public health concern internationally. Recognition of overweight and obesity status is an important step to prevent unhealthy weight. This study was designed to assess the prevalence and to explore the perceptions of children and their parents towards overweight and obesity in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study approach was utilized surveying 635 children aged 11 to 14 years (males and females) in 12 randomly selected public schools in Kuwait. Trained nurses performed measurements of children's height and weight to determine their Body Mass Index.Valid questionnaire were used to assess children and their parent perception of child's weight. Results: One quarter of the surveyed children 25.5% (N = 162) were overweight. Over one third of the participants 36.5% (N = 232) were classified as obese. The nurses' measurements did not coincide with the children's perceptions but were better aligned with parents' perceptions of overweight and obesity. Conclusion: The results indicated that there is high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Kuwaiti children. Furthermore, both the children and their parents underestimate the child weight status. Health education programs are highly recommended. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3130656961 | Information management practices in public tertiary health-care facilities: an empirical investigation from the state of Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3130656961 | Purpose This paper aims to gain insights about information management practices in public health-care organizations in Kuwait and offer recommendations to improve these practices. Design/methodology/approach This study involves secondary analysis of quantitative and qualitative accreditation-related data pertaining to the compliance with the Information Management standard at seven public tertiary health-care facilities over two accreditation cycles. Findings Overall, organizations improved their compliance with the Information Management standard. However, issues exist with effectively and efficiently transmitting data, aggregating clinical and administrative data and using the information for both strategic planning and quality improvement initiatives. Research limitations/implications The analysed data set does not provide information about the improvements done between the accreditation cycles. Caution should be applied before assuming generalizability of the results, considering the context and social constructs around the health-care system is essential. Practical implications Compliance with predetermined criteria through accreditation can improve information management practices. Without proper management of information at health-care facilities, achieving safe and effective patient care is futile. The role of health information technology (IT) should not be sidelined; robust health IT solutions can help support good information management practices thereby improving care quality and aiding health-care reform. Originality/value Concerning information management, health-care organizations providing focused services have clear advantages over organizations providing general care services. Considering the type of care organization (general vs specialized) can provide insights into how information management practices can affect the operations of the organization. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4281907378 | The gap in life expectancy and lifespan inequality between Iran and neighbour countries: the contributions of avoidable causes of death | [
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"display_name": "Kasim Allel",
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"https://openalex.org/W3093269717",
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"https://openalex.org/W3126472548",
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"https://openalex.org/W3200147297",
"https://openalex.org/W3202810293",
"https://openalex.org/W3207960943"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4281907378 | Healthcare system and intersectoral public health policies play a crucial role in improving population health and reducing health inequalities. This study aimed to quantify their impact, operationalized as avoidable deaths, on the gap in life expectancy (LE) and lifespan inequality (LI) between Iran and three neighbour countries viz., Turkey, Qatar, and Kuwait in 2015-2016.Annual data on population and causes of deaths by age and sex for Iran and three neighbour countries were obtained from the World Health Organization mortality database for the period 2015-2016. A recently developed list by the OECD/Eurostat was used to identify avoidable causes of death (with an upper age limit of 75). The cross-country gaps in LE and LI (measured by standard deviation) were decomposed by age and cause of death using a continuous-change model.Iranian males and females had the second lowest and lowest LE, respectively, compared with their counterparts in the neighbour countries. On the other hand, the highest LIs in both sexes (by 2.3 to 4.5 years in males and 1.1 to 3.3 years in females) were observed in Iran. Avoidable causes contributed substantially to the LE and LI gap in both sexes with injuries and maternal/infant mortality represented the greatest contributions to the disadvantages in Iranian males and females, respectively.Higher mortality rates in young Iranians led to a double burden of inequality -shorter LE and greater uncertainty at timing of death. Strengthening intersectoral public health policies and healthcare quality targeted at averting premature deaths, especially from injuries among younger people, can mitigate this double burden. | [
{
"display_name": "International Journal for Equity in Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S167257428",
"type": "journal"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3215819628 | Attitude (Acceptance) of the COVID-19 Vaccine among Adult Kuwait Oil Company Workers | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Zouheir Bitar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083383996"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mubarak Juwaied Al-Ajmi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052095665"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ossama Maadarani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078350713"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yacob Al Shammari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074853531"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mahmoud Mostafa Elzoueiry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022560815"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad Al-Muwaizri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021973886"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Vaccination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22070199"
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{
"display_name": "Poisson regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73269764"
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{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
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{
"display_name": "Confidence interval",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C44249647"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Influenza vaccine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780689484"
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{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2084518431",
"https://openalex.org/W3037933860",
"https://openalex.org/W3045416495",
"https://openalex.org/W3046058631",
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"https://openalex.org/W3050078981",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3215819628 | Objective: To measure the acceptance of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine among the sector of the oil company adult population in Kuwait and assess its determinants. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional email study enrolled adults working for Kuwait oil companies (n = 1689; aged ≥21 years). Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine was considered if participants selected the options and received the vaccine, definitely or probably will accept vaccination against COVID-19 once a vaccine is available.” A modified Poisson regression was used to investigate the associations and calculate the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In total, 92.5% (1563/1689) of the participants were willing to accept COVID-19 vaccines once available. No difference in sex was observed in the willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine (92.5 vs. 92%, p 0.5). Responders who believed vaccines in general to have health-related risks were less likely to get vaccinated (aPR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.35 - 0.44). In addition, participants who received the influenza vaccine were more willing to have a COVID-19 vaccine (aPR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31 - 1.58). Acceptance of the vaccine against COVID-19 increased as the self-perceived chances of contracting the infection increased (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, 92.5% of the study participants demonstrated a willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. However, we found that public health authorities should address several factors influencing the level of acceptance. | [
{
"display_name": "Open Journal of Internal Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764394513",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3086152786 | Secondary Impact of Social Media via Text Message Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Kuwait: Survey Study | [
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"display_name": "Akm Shaheen Ahmed",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Chestnut Hill College",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I202522242",
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{
"country": "United States",
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"display_name": "Edgar L. Ross",
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"display_name": "Chestnut Hill College",
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{
"display_name": "Prediabetes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779668308"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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{
"display_name": "Short Message Service",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74558129"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Type 2 diabetes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777180221"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Internet privacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108827166"
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{
"display_name": "Diabetes mellitus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C555293320"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134018914"
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{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
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"https://openalex.org/W2890695304",
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"https://openalex.org/W2985750107",
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"https://openalex.org/W3033697971",
"https://openalex.org/W4233970183",
"https://openalex.org/W4251966062"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3086152786 | Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an international problem of alarming epidemic proportions. T2DM can develop due to multiple factors, and it usually begins with prediabetes. Fortunately, this disease can be prevented by following a healthy lifestyle. However, many health care systems fail to properly educate the public on disease prevention and to offer support in embracing behavioral interventions to prevent diabetes. SMS messaging has been combined with cost-effective ways to reach out to the population at risk for medical comorbidities. To our knowledge, the use of nationwide SMS messaging in the Middle East as a screening tool to identify individuals who might be at risk of developing T2DM has not been reported in the literature. Objective The primary aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of conducting a series of SMS messaging campaigns directed at random smartphone users in Kuwait for the detection and prevention of T2DM. It was predicted that 1% of those receiving the text message would find it relevant and participate in the study. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the incidence of participation of those who were forwarded the initial text message by family members and friends. Methods In this study, 5 separate text message screening campaigns were launched inviting recipients to answer 6 questions to determine the risk of developing T2DM. If subjects agreed to participate, a link to the prediabetes screening test devised by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was automatically transmitted to their mobile devices. Those identified as high risk were invited to participate in a diabetes prevention program. Results A total of 180,000 SMSs were sent to approximately 6% of the adult population in Kuwait. Of these, 0.14% (260/180,000) of the individuals who received the SMS agreed to participate, of whom 58.8% (153/260) completed the screening. Surprisingly, additional surveys were completed by 367 individuals who were invited via circulated SMS messages forwarded by family members and friends. Altogether, 23.3% (121/520) qualified and agreed to participate in a diabetes prevention program. The majority of those who chose to participate in the prevention program were overweight, aged 45-65 years, and reported being less physically active than those who chose not to participate (χ22=42.1, P<.001). Conclusions Although health care screening via text messaging was found to have limited effectiveness by itself, it exhibited increased reach through shared second-party social media messaging. Despite the fact a subpopulation at possible risk of developing T2DM could be reached via text messaging, most responders were informed about the screening campaign by family and friends. Future research should be designed to tap into the benefits of social media use in health risk campaigns. | [
{
"display_name": "JMIR diabetes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210171543",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3199564992 | COVID-19 in the Gulf Cooperation Council Member States: An Evidence of Effective Response | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Oman",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210130707",
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"display_name": "Salah T. Al Awaidy",
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"country": "Oman",
"display_name": "Royal Hospital",
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"display_name": "Faryal Khamis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047427323"
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{
"country": "United Arab Emirates",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210133001",
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],
"display_name": "Fatma Al Attar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049104729"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Najiba Abdul Razzaq",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025686512"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Arab Emirates",
"display_name": "Rashid Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800770947",
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],
"display_name": "Laila Al Dabal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069725708"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Saudi Arabia",
"display_name": "King Fahd Medical City",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2801911633",
"lat": 24.68773,
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],
"display_name": "Mushira Enani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028622447"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
"lat": 29.339659,
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],
"display_name": "Wadha Alfouzan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009642231"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Hamad Medical Corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I49828101",
"lat": 25.294807,
"long": 51.541237,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Hamad General Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210103132",
"lat": 25.293976,
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],
"display_name": "Muna Al Maslamani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017940973"
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{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093045",
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"display_name": "Hamad Al Romaihi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055113534"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Bahrain",
"display_name": "Salmaniya Medical Complex",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2799854810",
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"display_name": "Jameela Al Salman",
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"display_name": "Haya Altawalah",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Oman",
"display_name": "Sur University College",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210108041",
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"display_name": "Sitwat Langrial",
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{
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"display_name": "Lubna Al Ariqi",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Africa",
"display_name": "University of KwaZulu-Natal",
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"display_name": "Ozayr Mohamed",
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{
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Qatar",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Oman"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2049017668",
"https://openalex.org/W3017229513",
"https://openalex.org/W3039963790"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3199564992 | Objectives: The World Health Organization (WHO) published a global strategic response plan in February 2020 aiming to mitigate the impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. It identified immediate activities required for global preparedness and response to the outbreak and set eight priority areas (pillars) essential for scaling up countries’ operational readiness and response. Despite a semi-annual progress report on implementing the Global Strategic Plan in June 2020, there is limited granular information available on the extent of the national plan’s content and implementation, particularly in the Member States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Therefore, we sought to review the preparedness and responsiveness towards the COVID-19 outbreak in the GCC in the first phase of the pandemic and to document lessons learned for improving the ongoing response efforts and preparedness for future pandemics. Methods: A rapid appraisal was conducted in June 2020 according to the WHO Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan and the accompanying Operational Planning Guidelines. The survey was administered to public health professionals or/and infectious disease experts in the states. The findings were cross-triangulated with secondary data that was publicly available for each country. Results: The preparedness and response efforts of Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE were fully compliant with all 11 (100%) pillars of the modified strategic response measures. Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar complied with eight of the pillars. The component on conducting COVID-19 related research was the lowest-performing across all the six states. Conclusions: All GCC states demonstrated an effective response to the pandemic, enhanced existing infrastructures, and accelerated reforms that would have otherwise taken longer. The lessons learned through the early phase of the pandemic continue to steer the states in realigning their strategies and resetting their goals of controlling the outbreak, particularly in the current context of vaccine introduction and increasing preparedness capacities for future pandemics. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W1993863790 | Teaching biostatistics at the Kuwait University health science centre | [
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"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1965427364",
"https://openalex.org/W2136592323",
"https://openalex.org/W4231132376",
"https://openalex.org/W4232792897",
"https://openalex.org/W4253493697"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1993863790 | This study focused on undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing biostatistical instruction in the Health Science Centre, University of Kuwait. For the past 11 years, 14 hr of lecture have been allocated to biostatistics in the third‐year medical curriculum as a component of the three‐semester 120‐hr Behavioral Sciences lecture course. This course is taught under the aegis of the Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences Department. A compulsory 45‐hr biostatistics lecture course is also offered to all first‐year students of the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences and Nursing. On the postgraduate level, a 30‐hr lecture course on biostatistics and computers is made compulsory to all enrolled MSc students. The content ranges from introductory concepts to research design. Workshops on biostatistics and computer applications are also organized for practicing physicians and health workers as community continuing education programs. The enthusiasm of medical students as well as those in the medical profession in Kuwait toward learning biostatistics and computing is promising. In view of some problems in the undergraduate course, it is recommended to move the course nearer clinical years and expand the allotted time. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S19371312",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4316345195 | The burden of Parkinson’s disease in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019 | [
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{
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
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{
"country": "Iran",
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"display_name": "Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi",
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"display_name": "Mark J. M. Sullman",
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{
"country": "Iran",
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"display_name": "Mostafa Araj‐Khodaei",
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Australia",
"display_name": "Griffith University",
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"display_name": "Kuljit Singh",
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
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],
"display_name": "Ali‐Asghar Kolahi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001943750"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I58048189",
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"display_name": "Kurosh Gharagozli",
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780664029"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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{
"display_name": "Disability-adjusted life year",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778049256"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Years of potential life lost",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126451531"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C133925201"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C179755657"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C3651065"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C186079640"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"Kuwait",
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"https://openalex.org/W1564115604",
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"https://openalex.org/W1991231955",
"https://openalex.org/W1994044142",
"https://openalex.org/W2018136805",
"https://openalex.org/W2025514142",
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"https://openalex.org/W2621950860",
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"https://openalex.org/W3006012411",
"https://openalex.org/W3011805819",
"https://openalex.org/W3011952336",
"https://openalex.org/W3021363794",
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"https://openalex.org/W3092861045",
"https://openalex.org/W3093298383",
"https://openalex.org/W3093459267",
"https://openalex.org/W3111866274",
"https://openalex.org/W3169262929",
"https://openalex.org/W3174220639",
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"https://openalex.org/W4211044101",
"https://openalex.org/W4220771887"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4316345195 | Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a common disabling progressive neurodegenerative disorder. We aimed to report the prevalence, death and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to PD in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and its 21 countries by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI), between 1990 and 2019. Methods Publicly available data on the burden of PD in the MENA countries were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 project. The results are presented with age-standardised numbers and rates per 100,000 population, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results In 2019, PD had an age-standardised point prevalence of 82.6 per 100,000 population in MENA and an age-standardised death rate of 5.3, which have increased from 1990 to 2019 by 15.4% and 2.3%, respectively. In 2019, the age-standardised DALY rate of PD was 84.4, which was 0.9% higher than in 1990. The highest and lowest age-standardised DALY rates of PD in 2019 were found in Qatar and Kuwait, respectively. Also in 2019, the highest number of prevalent cases and number of DALYs were found in the 75–79 age group for both sexes. In 2019, females in MENA had an overall higher DALY rate. Furthermore, from 1990 to 2019 the burden of PD generally decreased with increasing socio-economic development, up to an SDI of around 0.4, and then increased with higher levels of SDI. Conclusion An upward trend was observed in the point prevalence of PD over the last three decades. This highlights the need to allocate more resources for research. Furthermore, properly equipped healthcare services are needed for the increasing number of patients with PD. | [
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W41823818 | SUCCESS IN RAT CONTROL IN KUWAIT | [
{
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"display_name": "K.S. Al-Sanei",
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},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "T.M. Zaghloul",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022349697"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A. M. Salit",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maryam Omar",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "M.M. Balba",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049166833"
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] | [
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
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{
"display_name": "Sanitation",
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{
"display_name": "Infestation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776451879"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Botany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59822182"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W41823818 | Author(s): Al-Sanei, K. S.; Zaghloul, T. M.; Salit, A. M.; Omar, M. T.; Balba, M. M. | Abstract: The preliminary rat survey prior to the actual attack phase of Rat Control Programme in Kuwait revealed an infestation rate with the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus, in buildings ranging between 32.7%.and 70.7%. The comparatively high infestation was observed in 92.5% of Kuwait buildings. Moreover, the infestation reached 99% in certain districts of the country. This high infestation was associated with an increase in rat-borne diseases particularly murine typhus, salmonellosis rat-bite fever, and certain parasitic diseases. A programme for rodent control in Kuwait was initiated through a political decision by the cabinet which gave the full responsibility of rodent control to the Ministry of Public Health coordinating with other authorities involved in the problem in addition to an independent budget to fulfill all the programme requirements. Financing, administration, guidance, public health information, field work, and research studies were all monitored by the High Committee in addition to Supervising and Following up Committee. The first phase of the programme began in the late months of 1979. It included geographical reconnaisance, survey of rodents and their ectoparasites, establishment of the general plan, and a skeletal organization for the programme. The second phase was the attack phase. It highlighted biological and epidemiological studies, bioassays of pesticides, and training of personnel, which was followed by the actual chemical attack of the incriminated rodents and their ectoparasites for three consecutive years. In addition, sanitation and health education were involved. The third phase, i.e., the maintenance phase, began in August 1982. It is still running to maintain the drastic drop of the Norway rat infestation and to control the house mouse. Kuwait's control programme, based on a scientific basis and with a well-organized administration, has successfully realized 99.7% reduction in the infestation rate, with a 99.6% density of infestation of Norway rats remaining at the end of the attack phase. However, the control of the house mouse produced a reduction of only 71.4% in the infestation rate, and 20% in the density of infestation, possibly indicating intraspecific competition between the two species or less-effective control measures against the mice. | [
{
"display_name": "Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306524349",
"type": "conference"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4317853057 | The contributions of injury deaths to the gender gap in life expectancy and life disparity in Eastern Mediterranean Region | [
{
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"display_name": "Firoozeh Bairami",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4317853057 | Abstract Background Injury deaths constitute a major avoidable cause of death affecting life expectancy to a different degree in men and women. This study quantified the contributions of injury deaths to the gender gap in life expectancy (GGLE) and life disparity (GGLD) in nine Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries. Methods We retrieved annual data on age-sex specific causes of death from the World Health Organization mortality database for EMR countries with at least 2-year consecutive data during 2010–2019. The injury-related deaths were categorized into five groups: transport accidents, other accidental injuries, intentional self-harm, assault and events of undetermined intent. Considering women as the reference, the GGLE and GGLD were decomposed by age and causes of death, using a continuous-change model. Results The largest and smallest GGLE were observed in Kuwait (5.2 years) and Qatar (− 1.2 years), respectively. Qatar (− 2.2 years) and Oman (0.2 years) had the highest and lowest GGLD. The highest contributions of injury deaths to the GGLE/GGLD were seen in Libya (1.8/− 1.2 years), followed by Iran (1.2/− 0.8 years). Among injury causes, transport accidents were the leading cause of GGLE in all countries but Libya and Morocco, with Iran having the greatest contributions (0.6 years). Injury deaths in men aged 15–29 years accounted for 33% [41%] (Kuwait) to 55% [65%] (Oman) of total GGLE [GGLD] attributable to injury deaths. Conclusions High injury deaths, particularly transport accidents, among young men contributed substantially to the GGLE and GGLD across nine EMR countries in this study. This highlights the need for implementing preventing policies to reduce the burden of injury deaths specifically in young men. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4289517240 | Baseline assessment of staff perception of critical value practices in government hospitals in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4289517240 | Notification of laboratory-determined critical values is key for effective clinical decision making and is thus a consequential step in a patient's health care and safety. This study presents an overview of staff reporting policies and procedures concerning critical values in Kuwaiti governmental hospitals.A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted. Study subjects were affiliated with laboratories from five government hospitals (four general and one sub-specialty hospital). All laboratory staff in every hospital were included. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 23) was used to analyse the collected data at a significance level of ≤ 0.05. Quantitative data analysis included univariate descriptive (means, medians, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages) and bivariate (chi-squared, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests) analyses. These analyses provided associations between participating hospitals and staff perceptions towards the policies and procedures surrounding critical values.559 questionnaires were returned, a total response of 30.5% after those of 79 phlebotomists were excluded (eligible sample size n = 1833). The notification of critical values differs between participated laboratories in delivering protocol and time duration. Linked protocols between laboratories did not exist regarding policies and guidelines for applying the same procedures for critical value notification. There are differences in critical value limits among the participating laboratories.This study is the first to survey laboratory staff perceptions of critical value practices in Kuwaiti government hospitals. Enhancing critical value reporting and policy is crucial for improving patient safety and to develop high-quality health services. The findings of this study can help policy makers implement future intervention studies to enhance laboratory practices in the area of critical values and improve patient safety and the quality of government hospital systems. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4378783411 | A theory-informed systematic review to understand physical activity among women in Gulf Cooperation Council countries | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4378783411 | This systematic review was conducted to identify health beliefs and modifying factors influencing physical (in) activity among adult women in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates).A comprehensive search of the Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was conducted to identify relevant articles published between 2009 and 2019. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data collection and analysis based on the health belief model were performed to systematically examine the relationships of health beliefs and modifying factors to physical activity.The sample comprised 15 studies (Saudi Arabia, n = 6; Oman, n = 5; Qatar, n = 2; Kuwait, n = 2). Reported physical activity prevalences were low (nearly 0% to 50%) and depended on the location, subpopulation, and measurement instrument. Evidence for relationships of modifying factors and health beliefs to physical activity was scarce and sometimes inconclusive. Among modifying factors, middle age and employment were associated positively with physical activity; marital status, educational level, income, and body mass index were not associated. Regarding health beliefs, the only conclusive evidence reported was that a lack of time was not associated significantly with physical activity in a population of men and women. Women reported a lack of social support and lack of skills significantly more frequently than men; these factors may explain the gender difference in physical activity prevalence. Differences in the reporting of fear of injury and lack of willpower were not significant.Robust qualitative and quantitative research on the contributions of health beliefs and modifying factors to the low prevalence of physical activity among women in GCC countries is urgently needed. Current evidence indicates that unemployed women, women aged < 25 years, and elderly women are less likely to be physically active. Women in this population are more likely than men to believe that a lack social support and skills affects their physical activity. Many known factors and health beliefs appear to be unrelated to physical activity among adult women in GCC countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2559402433 | Protecting public health in Yemen | [
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"https://openalex.org/W2530210773",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2559402433 | We strongly support Abdulrahman A Al-Khateeb's (Oct 15, p 1877) and The Lancet's (Oct 15, p 1852) call for humanitarian assistance in Yemen.1Al-Khateeb AA A call for urgent, organised medical missions in Yemen.Lancet. 2016; 388: 1877-1878Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar, 2The LancetProtecting health in Yemen.Lancet. 2016; 388: 1852Scopus (2) Google Scholar Since 2015, the conflict has rapidly reached the severity and scale shared only by Level 3 emergencies in Syria, Iraq, and South Sudan. To put this into perspective, only 47% of the UN's 2016 response plan was funded, leaving a shortfall of US$868 million to cover the basic needs of 14 million people.3OCHAFinancial Tracking Service.https://fts.unocha.org/Google Scholar The effect of war in Yemen is compounded by a high vulnerability to natural disasters, unchecked non-communicable diseases and, as of October, a cholera outbreak that will affect 8 million people who lack adequate water and sanitation.4OCHA2016 Yemen Humanitarian Response Plan. OCHA, New York, NY2016Google Scholar, 5WHOCholera outbreak—WHO and partners urgently require US$22·35 million to save lives and reduce suffering.http://www.emro.who.int/yem/yemen-news/cholera-outbreak-in-yemen-who-and-partners-urgently-require-us-2235-million-to-save-lives-and-reduce-suffering.htmlDate: Oct 18, 2016Google Scholar We feel that the call for a specialised medical organisation only partially addresses the problem because the Health Cluster is already responsible for coordinating humanitarian organisations. Instead of creating new structures, we can improve our support to the ones that exist. Thousands of health professionals are underused because of the destruction of health facilities, lack of drugs, and population inaccessibility. The International Rescue Committee (IRC) supports these health workers to deliver life-saving health services to conflict-affected communities in the north and south of Yemen. IRC support includes providing seven hospitals with drugs, supplies, and infrastructure. Mobile health teams and community networks are also adaptive programme strategies that can provide access during this crisis. Mobile health teams are providing child and reproductive health services. In view of the insecurity, we have invested in community health volunteer networks who screen and refer malnourished children to treatment and counsel on infant and young child feeding in the most inaccessible of areas. We declare no competing interests. Protecting health in YemenThe health and humanitarian situation in Yemen is desperate. As Abdulrahman A Al-Khateeb highlights in a letter in today's Lancet, 2·8 million Yemenis have been forced to leave their homes because of the ongoing conflict. More than 80% of the population is in need of humanitarian assistance, 50% are unable to meet their food needs, and 70% have limited access to clean water and sanitation. The war is taking a considerable toll on children, including increases in child trafficking, recruitment of child soldiers, child marriage, and severe acute malnutrition. Full-Text PDF A call for urgent, organised medical missions in YemenIt has been more than 18 months since a Saudi-led coalition began attacking Yemen, in particular Shiite Houthis and their ally, former president of Yemen Ali Abdullah Saleh, following the Arab Spring of 2011. After the failure of Kuwaiti peace talks between these parties, the war has worsened and aggressively devastated Yemen . al-Qaeda and ISIS have taken advantage of the war in the north to occupy the south of the country.1 Full-Text PDF | [
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"Kuwait",
"Qatar",
"Saudi Arabia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2214627111 | Middle Eastern governments initially denied the AIDS threat. The Government of Kuwait sponsored the first regional conference on AIDS in February 1986, the first attempt to overcome this denial. The Regional Committee for the Eastern Mediterranean has AIDS on its annual agenda. By 1986, 12 of the 22 countries had 41 AIDS cases with most of cases in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Blood transfusion and imported blood products accounted for most initial AIDS cases. By 1990, all 22 countries, except Afghanistan, had reported AIDS cases. As of the end of the second quarter of 1991, there were a cumulative total of 2542 AIDS cases and 471 cases of AIDS related complex. Under-recognition and under-reporting are likely to be common in these countries, so the actual cumulative number of AIDS cases is more likely to be 7000. Nevertheless, it is clear that the number of AIDS cases is increasing annually. HIV is now chiefly transmitted in-country. Even though most AIDS cases (75%) are males, the proportion of HIV infected females is increasing. 90% of all AIDS cases is in the 15-49 year old age group. Sexual transmission accounts for 90% of all cases. Asymptomatic HIV seropositivity is rather common in blood donors, people seeking work permits, and groups with high risk behavior. 14 countries are conducting sentinel surveillance, chiefly centering on sexually transmitted disease (STD) patients attending public clinics. These numbers are limited since most persons seek STD care from private practitioners. WHO has not been able to convince health authorities in the Middle East of the need to differentiate between case finding and surveillance. Saudi Arabia involves authorities from the Ministry of Health as well as those from the Ministry of Education, universities, industry, the media, and religious leaders. More than 100 nongovernmental organizations in other Middle Eastern countries are involved in AIDS prevention and control. The large prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection worries persons concerned about the AIDS epidemic. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3084141152 | Medical Emergencies Requiring First Aid at Home: A Population-Based Survey Study | [
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"Kuwait"
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"https://openalex.org/W1993763530",
"https://openalex.org/W2068403557",
"https://openalex.org/W2086883994",
"https://openalex.org/W2152343811",
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"https://openalex.org/W2911542820",
"https://openalex.org/W2987385456"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3084141152 | Most medical emergencies requiring first-aid occur at home. Little is known about the prevalence of these medical emergencies.The objective of this study is to describe medical emergencies occurring at people's homes requiring first aid; characteristics, burdens and impact on functional outcome, and to address the national public knowledge and practice of first aid.A confidential, cross-sectional survey, primarily based on the 2015 American Heart Association (AHA) and American Red Cross first aid guidelines, was conducted among adults (>18 years) from 12 educational centers, under the Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic affairs, State of Kuwait.A total of 3000 self-administered questionnaires were distributed from September 16 2019 to November 30, 2019. The response rate was 34% (n = 1033 participants) of which 1% (n = 11) were partially answered questionnaires leaving 1022 questionnaires for valid statistical analysis. The prevalence of medical emergencies was 118.5 out of 100000 per year and the level of public knowledge was 19%. Medical emergencies were more likely to occur in Hawali province (49%, n = 149), women were more likely to encounter medical emergencies (78%, n = 238). Victims above 18 years of age were more likely to experience hypoglycemia (39%, n = 55) and children were more likely to suffer from hypoglycemia (19%, n = 22) or burns (17%, n = 20). Compliance with First aid guidelines was seen in hypoglycemia (31%, n = 44) but lacking in burn incidents (44%, n = 15). Participants called the ambulance in seizures (50%, n = 13), with 62% of medical emergencies requiring attendance at a health-care facility and 29% requiring hospital admission. Of the victims, 15% missed school or a day of work, and 25% had impaired functional outcomes.Medical emergencies occurring at home are relatively common in Kuwait, and public training on first aid is low. Kuwait has unique medical emergencies, with hypoglycemia, seizures and burns being the most frequent emergencies that occur at home. These emergencies cause a burden on the health-care system with a quarter of them having negative impact on the victim's functional outcome. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2467420059 | Communicable Diseases in the Gulf: The Case of Tuberculosis | [
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"Qatar",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"United Arab Emirates",
"Oman"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1505741243",
"https://openalex.org/W1555563800"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2467420059 | THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, COMMUNICABLE diseases are assuming increasing importance both in terms of morbidity (disease) and mortality (deaths). Communicable diseases are the principal causes of deaths in many countries around the world. Communicable diseases incapacitate millions of people every year and, while much of this incapacitation is usually temporary, productivity is, by and large, adversely affected. The effect of communicable diseases on productivity is often measured in terms of years of life lost as a result of the incidence and prevalence of communicable diseases The Arabian Gulf is one geographical region where anecdotal evidence suggests that not only do communicable diseases thrive, but that they substantially impact on productivity. According to the World Health Organization (2003), all the Gulf Cooperating Countries (GCC) incurred productivity losses as a result of communicable diseases. For example, the Organization reported that, in 2002, the Years of Life lost due to communicable diseases were 10, 18, 24, 16, 22 and 12 for Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) respectively. Oman recorded the highest Years of Life lost, while the UAE recorded the lowest. The prevalence of communicable diseases and their impact in the Gulf presupposes a need to examine some of the leading communicable diseases in detail, hence the rationale behind this study. Besides, the Region is under-represented in the literature on communicable diseases. Two of the most prominent communicable diseases in the world are Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. These diseases are also present in the Gulf and, in this first article in the series of investigations into communicable diseases in the Gulf, the focus is on tuberculosis. | [
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https://openalex.org/W751591140 | Army Audiologists: Serving Soldiers and Their Country | [
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"Kuwait",
"Iraq"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W751591140 | You have accessThe ASHA LeaderFeature1 Nov 2003Army Audiologists: Serving Soldiers and Their Country Marat Moore Marat Moore Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/leader.FTR4.08212003.12 SectionsAbout ToolsAdd to favorites ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Audiology grew out of war—in particular, to meet the rehabilitation needs of World War II veterans who returned home with noise-induced hearing loss. More than half a century later, audiologists still serve in a variety of capacities in military operations around the world, including in Afghanistan and Iraq. Recently, U.S. Army Major Eric Fallon—who led the 714th Medical Detachment supporting over 40,000 soldiers in Iraq and Kuwait in the early stages of the war—was the first audiologist in an airborne (paratrooper) role to command a field Army unit, according to Col. David Chandler, the director of the Army Audiology and Speech Center at Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC). As consultant to The Army Surgeon General for Audiology and Hearing Conservation, Chandler has an eagle’s-eye view of the profession in that branch of the armed services. His responsibilities in that role span three areas: 1) advising the Army Surgeon General and setting policies pertaining to clinical audiology practices and hearing conservation program services for soldiers, their families, and others receiving military benefits; 2) advising the Army Surgeon General and Army audiologists on professional audiology issues; and 3) managing assignments and career development of Army audiology officers. “Currently, 35 Army audiologists are full-time active duty, with a primary mission of directing hearing conservation programs for soldiers,” Chandler said. Army audiologists are commissioned as “Preventive Medicine” officers, and serve in audiology clinics, preventive medicine hearing conservation offices, and research labs at Army facilities in the United States (including Alaska and Hawaii), Korea, and Germany. Many civilian audiologists also serve in the Army Reserves and National Guard, and presently about 25 are on active duty across the U.S. and Europe, according to Chandler. To support Army efforts in Operation Iraqi Freedom, active-duty audiologists assigned in Germany deploy to Iraq to serve as technical consultants. CPT Scott McIlwain is currently in Iraq and Kuwait assisting Army medical units in Iraq and Kuwait with establishing audiometric testing and training medical personnel to conduct hearing screenings. “Within the next couple of months, another Army audiologist will be assigned to a combat support hospital near Baghdad to provide basic audiologic services and hearing conservation services,” Chandler explained. The Army also employs civilian audiologists at clinics in U.S. Army hospitals throughout the world. Walter Reed Army Medical Center provides the most advanced services in the Department of Defense Healthcare System. The audiology mission at WRAMC focuses on three areas: patient care, medical education, and research. The audiology clinic chief, Therese Walden, supervises seven civilian audiologists and two Army audiology officers who are completing their clinical AuD training year. Chandler reports that the patient load has increased as a result of soldiers returning from Army operations in Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) and Iraq (Iraqi Freedom). “While Army audiologists routinely operate at a fast pace, the ‘operational tempo’ has been higher than usual in recent months with the addition of these patients.” Patients returning from those operations are evacuated first to Germany, where audiologists provide initial services at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center. If soldiers cannot return to their unit within 10 to 14 days, they are usually transferred to Walter Reed, where comprehensive audiologic services and treatment is provided until the soldier is cleared to return home. “As a career, military audiology offers many professional benefits,” Chandler said. “I can think of no other career that provides dual professional tracks—as an audiologist and as a military officer. We’re afforded the opportunity to manage our own clinic and provide the full scope of clinical services, manage a hearing conservation program, and conduct research,” he said. “As military officers, we develop skills in such areas as airborne training, air assault training and expert field medical training. We also complete military education and acquire experience as managers and supervisors of personnel and resources.” Many technical innovations developed through military research have been implemented in non-military settings. “We are actively involved in clinical trials investigating the efficacy of antioxidants in preventing and/or reversing noise damage in the cochlea,” Chandler said. He further reported that Army audiologists are also developing devices that enhance communication in noise and provide improved hearing protection. He says the rewards go beyond the professional. “I have traveled the world, and had the opportunity through the Army to earn my doctorate at Vanderbilt University, and have worked with many of the brightest people in our profession. “I tell young audiologists that military audiology isn’t for everyone, but it’s definitely for the adventurous.” Advertising Disclaimer | Advertise With Us Advertising Disclaimer | Advertise With Us Additional Resources FiguresSourcesRelatedDetailsCited byPerspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia)9:4 (126-134)1 Dec 2008Perceptions of Job Stress and Satisfaction Among School-Based SLPs: Challenges Versus RewardsLena G. Caesar and Nickola Wolf NelsonContemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders34:Spring (18-23)1 Mar 2007Medicaid School Billing for SLP Sevices: A Brief TutorialLena G. Caesar, Kristin Hubschman and Christine Warner Volume 8Issue 21November 2003 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in print: Nov 1, 2003 Metrics Current downloads: 1,161 Topicsasha-topicsleader_do_tagasha-article-typesleader-topicsCopyright & Permissions© 2003 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationLoading ... | [
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https://openalex.org/W2779423719 | Third Study on WHO MPOWER Tobacco Control Scores in Eastern Mediterranean countries 2011-2015 | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2779423719 | This study was conducted to quantify the implementation of the MPOWER policies and to assess any possible changes across Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries. In this comparative cross-sectional study based on 10 categories mentioned in MPOWER report 2015 a checklist was designed. Seven questions were scored from 0-4 and three from 0-3. The 22 EMR countries were ranked and compared by their total score on a scale of 0-37. The highest scores were achieved by Egypt and the Islamic Republic of Iran. Pakistan, Sudan and Yemen showed progress, while Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, and the Syrian Arab Republic had decreased scores. The total score of the EMR countries had decreased compared to 2013. Thus, there remains a need for greater focus on tobacco taxation and smoke-free policies to address this retrograde step.الدراسة الثالثة لمبادرة منظمة الصحة العالمية المتعلقة بمكافحة التبغ في بلدان إقليم شرق المتوسط عام 2011-2015.غلام رضا حيدري، آرزو ابن احمدي، هاري لندو، فهيمه شامياني، محمد رضا مسجدي، محمد شادمهر، ليدا فدائي زاده.أجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد تنفيذ سياسات المبادرة وتقييم أي تغيرات محتملة في مختلف بلدان إقليم شرق المتوسط خال السنتين الماضيتن. وأُعدت قائمة مرجعية في إطار هذه الدراسة المقطعية المقارنة استناداً إلى 10 فئات مذكورة في تقرير 2013/15. وأعطيت درجات من 0 إلى 4 لسبع أسئلة ومن 0 إلى 3 لثاث أسئلة. وصُنّفت بلدان إقليم شرق المتوسط البالغ عددها 22 بلداً وقورنت بمجموع درجاتها عى مقياس من 0 إلى 37. وحققت جمهورية إيران الإسامية ومر أعى الدرجات. وأظهرت باكستان واليمن والسودان تقدماً، في حن تراجعت درجات كل من البحرين والأردن وعان والكويت والجمهورية العربية السورية. أن الدرجة الإجمالية لبلدان إقليم شرق المتوسط انخفضت مقارنة بعام 2013. وبالتالي، لا يزال ثمة حاجة لزيادة التركيز عى سياسات الضرائب عى التبغ وسياسات منع التدخن لمواجهة هذه الخطوة العكسية.Troisième étude sur les scores MPOWER OMS en matière de lutte antitabac dans les pays de la Région de la Méditerranée orientale durant la période 2011-2015.La présente étude a été conduite pour quantifier la mise en oeuvre des politiques MPOWER et évaluer les changements éventuellement survenus dans les pays de la Région de la Méditerranée orientale entre 2013 et 2015. Dans la présente étude transversale comparative basée sur 10 catégories mentionnées dans le rapport MPOWER de l’année 2015, une liste de contrôle a été mise au point. Sept questions ont été notées sur une échelle de 0 à 4 et trois questions sur une échelle de 0 à 3. Les 22 pays de la Région de la Méditerranée orientale ont été classés et comparés selon leurs scores totaux sur une échelle de 0 à 37. Les scores les plus élevés ont été obtenus par l’Égypte et la République islamique d’Iran. Le Pakistan, le Soudan et le Yémen ont montré des progrès, alors que Bahreïn, la Jordanie, le Koweït, Oman et la République arabe syrienne ont obtenu des scores inférieurs par rapport aux études précédentes. Les scores totaux des pays de la Région de la Méditerranée orientale ont baissé par rapport à l’étude de 2013. Il est donc nécessaire d’accorder une plus grande importance aux taxes sur le tabac et aux politiques sans tabac pour faire face à cette régression. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4310640237 | Epidemiology of Varicella Zoster Virus and Herpes Zoster Virus in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Review of the Literature | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4310640237 | The reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in previously infected individuals can cause herpes zoster (HZ), which is characterized by a localized, painful dermatomal rash. While there is a global trend of increasing HZ cases, there is a lack of research examining the epidemiology of HZ within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Therefore, we aimed to critically appraise evidence on VZV and HZ epidemiology in the GCC countries and identify gaps in the current literature. A literature review was conducted via a comprehensive appraisal of the literature. PubMed and local-language journals were searched to identify articles related to HZ and VZV published up until 31 January 2022, with a sole focus on the GCC countries. Included studies reported on surveillance data, seroepidemiology, and patient outcomes for HZ and VZV, and comprised primary data reports, case series, case reports, narrative and systematic literature reviews, studies reporting HZ incidence or prevalence, and Ministry of Health reports. Thirteen studies were found that reported on VZV seroprevalence in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Qatar, ranging from 15.0% to 92.2%, while no data were identified for Bahrain, Kuwait, or Oman. There was very limited country-wide information on the incidence of HZ in GCC countries, and three identified studies reported HZ prevalence as seen in a single clinic, ranging from 0.62% to 2.3%. A single study from Saudi Arabia and government surveillance data reported on the impact of VZV vaccination on VZV infection, though there was no evidence on the impact of VZV vaccination on HZ. There is a clear gap in the literature regarding the incidence of HZ infection, and the impacts of HZ and VZV vaccinations in the GCC countries. Further research into the epidemiology of HZ is necessary to inform the implementation of vaccination programs in the GCC countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1512873981 | Right Diet: a television series to combat obesity among adolescents in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1512873981 | Adolescent obesity is a growing public health problem in Kuwait. Reducing obesity can lower the risk of several chronic diseases. Fourteen obese adolescent boys volunteered to participate in a 6-month multidimensional television series on weight loss.The adolescent boys were recruited through advertisements in schools. The program included counseling sessions, nutritional education, exercise, family support, peer group involvement, and incentives designed to motivate participants.The mean age of the boys was 15.6 ± 0.8 years. On average, subjects lost 10.6 ± 8.9 kg in weight and gained 3.3 ± 1.6 cm in height during the study period. The difference in mean body mass index at baseline and at 6 months following intervention was significant (P < 0.001) at 36.8 ± 4.6 and 32.0 ± 5.4, kg/m(2) respectively. Participants ranked counseling as the most important component of the program, followed by family support and type of program.This type of television series could be used as a model for future public health programs to prevent and control obesity among adolescents. | [
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"https://openalex.org/W4223653131",
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"https://openalex.org/W4226455352",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4381514853 | Abstract Objectives Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women and one of the most important health challenges in the world. Although the epidemiological statistics of cervical cancer seem to be varied in Asia, no study has evaluated the trend of this disease and the changes in its incidence and epidemiology in recent decades. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the temporal trend of cervical cancer between 1990 and 2019 in Asian countries based on geographic region and socio-demographic index (SDI), and also compare it with global data. Methods We collected cervical cancer data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990 to 2019 in 49 Asian countries and territories. In this study, data were extracted in different classifications of Asian countries based on an SDI, and five GBD categories for Asian countries from 1990 to 2019 and compared with global data. Data were reported in values with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. We used relative difference (%) between years to show the comparative changes in incidences, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) age-standardized rates. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) and its 95% CI in the 30-year past period for each location were calculated by using age-standardized rates (ASR) and with Joinpoint version 4.9.1.0 software. Results In Asia, the number of cervical cancer incidences, prevalence, death, and DALYs increased to 1.94, 2.26, 1.7, and 1.5-fold, respectively; while globally, these numbers increased by 1.67, 1.89, 1.52, and 1.45 times, respectively. In Asia, the AAPC of cervical cancer age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and DALYs age-standardized rates (DALYs ASRs) were −0.3, 0.5, −1.0, and −1.0 respectively. The AAPC of these indicators worldwide was −0.4, 0.2, −0.9, and −0.9, respectively. South Asia and Southeast Asia experienced the highest decrease in ASIR of cervical cancer from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, all GBD regions of Asia experienced a decreasing trend in ASDR and DALYs ASRs of cervical cancer. In 2019, the highest ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR of cervical cancer belonged to Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam, Mongolia, and Mongolia, respectively, and the lowest in all above categories was related to the Syrian Arab Republic, Syrian Arab Republic, Kuwait, and Kuwait; respectively. Conclusions Although the epidemiological statistics of cervical cancer in Asia have started to decline, this disease is still one of the most important causes of death for women in this region. So it seems in addition to improving screening coverage and management, we need to implementation of educational and awareness-raising interventions regarding cervical cancer, eliminate misconceptions related to testing results, and emphasize the preventable nature of this cancer by early detection using screening methods. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4319741955 | Patient-centered care in the Middle East and North African region: a systematic literature review | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4319741955 | The need for patient centered care (PCC) and its subsequent implementation has gained policy maker attention worldwide. Despite the evidence showing the benefits and the challenges associated with practicing PCC in western countries there has been no comprehensive review of the literature on PCC practice in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region, yet there is good reason to think that the practices of PCC in these regions would be different.This paper summarizes the existing research on the practice of PCC in the MENA region and uses this analysis to consider the key elements of a PCC definition based on MENA cultural contexts.Five electronic databases were searched (EMBASE, Cochrane, Medline, CINAHL and Scopus) using the search terms: patient OR person OR client OR consumer AND centered OR centred AND care. The MENA countries included were Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Israel, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Djibouti, Pakistan, Sudan, and Turkey. Identified papers were imported to Covidence where they were independently reviewed against the inclusion criteria by two authors. The following data were extracted for each paper: author, year, location (i.e., country), objectives, methodology, study population, and results as they related to patient centred care.The electronic search identified 3582 potentially relevant studies. Fifty articles met the inclusion criteria. Across all papers five themes were identified: 1) patient centered care principles; 2) patient and physician perceptions of PCC; 3) facilitators of PCC; 4) implementation and impact of PCC; and 5) barriers to PCC.The preliminary findings suggest that the concept of PCC is practiced and supported to a limited extent in the MENA region, and that the implementation of PCC might be impacted by the cultural contexts of the region. Our review therefore highlights the importance of establishing patient-centered care definitions that clearly incorporate cultural practices in the MENA region. The elements and impact of culture in the MENA region should be investigated in future research. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2603183675 | First Confirmed Cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection in the United States, Updated Information on the Epidemiology of MERS-CoV Infection, and Guidance for the Public, Clinicians, and Public Health Authorities—May 2014 | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2603183675 | This report highlights the first two cases of MERS coronavirus in the United States. Although these patients were not transplant recipients, it is important for transplant professionals to be aware of this infection and to consider it when evaluating patients with respiratory illnesses and travel to the Arabian peninsula. This report highlights the first two cases of MERS coronavirus in the United States. Although these patients were not transplant recipients, it is important for transplant professionals to be aware of this infection and to consider it when evaluating patients with respiratory illnesses and travel to the Arabian peninsula. May 16, 2014 / 63(19);431-436 Since mid-March 2014, the frequency with which cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection have been reported has increased, with the majority of recent cases reported from Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (UAE). In addition, the frequency with which travel-associated MERS cases have been reported and the number of countries that have reported them to the World Health Organization (WHO) have also increased. The first case of MERS in the United States, identified in a traveler recently returned from Saudi Arabia, was reported to CDC by the Indiana State Department of Health on May 1, 2014, and confirmed by CDC on May 2. A second imported case of MERS in the United States, identified in a traveler from Saudi Arabia having no connection with the first case, was reported to CDC by the Florida Department of Health on May 11, 2014. The purpose of this report is to alert clinicians, health officials, and others to increase awareness of the need to consider MERS-CoV infection in persons who have recently traveled from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula. *Countries considered in or near the Arabian Peninsula include Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE, and Yemen. This report summarizes recent epidemiologic information, provides preliminary descriptions of the cases reported from Indiana and Florida, and updates CDC guidance about patient evaluation, home care and isolation, specimen collection, and travel as of May 13, 2014. MERS-CoV was first reported to cause human infection in September 2012. Since mid-March 2014, the frequency with which cases have been reported has increased. †Additional information available at http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/archive_updates/en. As of May 12, 2014, 536 laboratory-confirmed §Confirmatory laboratory testing requires a positive PCR on at least two specific genomic targets for MERS-CoV or a single positive target with sequencing on a second. cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported by WHO (Figure 1). This includes 145 deaths. All reported cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel or residence to seven countries: Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Jordan, Kuwait, and Yemen (Figure 2). Public health investigations are ongoing to determine the reason for the increase in cases.Figure 2:Confirmed cases (and deaths) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection (N = 536) reported by the World Health Organization as of May 12, 2014, and history of travel from in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days of illness onset — worldwide, 2012–2014.Show full captionAlternate Text: The figure above shows confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection (MERS-CoV) (N = 536) reported by the World Health Organization as of May 9, 2014, and history of travel from in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days of illness onset during 2012–2014. All reported cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel or residence to seven countries: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, Jordan, Kuwait, and Yemen.Source: Adapted from Epidemiological update: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Stockholm, Sweden: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2014. Available at http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/press/news/_layouts/forms/News_DispForm.aspx?List=8db7286c-fe2d-476c-9133-18ff4cb1b568&ID=998.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) Alternate Text: The figure above shows confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection (MERS-CoV) (N = 536) reported by the World Health Organization as of May 9, 2014, and history of travel from in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days of illness onset during 2012–2014. All reported cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel or residence to seven countries: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, Jordan, Kuwait, and Yemen. Source: Adapted from Epidemiological update: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Stockholm, Sweden: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2014. Available at http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/press/news/_layouts/forms/News_DispForm.aspx?List=8db7286c-fe2d-476c-9133-18ff4cb1b568&ID=998. The median age of persons with laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection is 49 years (range = < 1–94 years); 346 (65%) cases are in males, and 104 (19%) occurred in health-care workers. Although 62% of cases involved severe respiratory illness requiring hospitalization, 32 (5%) occurred in persons who had mild symptoms or illness not requiring hospitalization and 110 (21%) were asymptomatic, generally as a result of contact investigations. Countries outside the Arabian Peninsula with travel-associated MERS cases reported by WHO include the United Kingdom (UK), France, Tunisia, and Italy, where cases were reported in 2013(1World Health OrganizationGlobal alert and response (GAR): novel coronavirus infection—update (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus).. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland2013Google Scholar, 2European Centre for Disease Prevention and ControlUpdated rapid risk assessment: severe respiratory disease associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden2013Google Scholar, 3European Centre for Disease Prevention and ControlEpidemiological update: additional confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (novel coronavirus) in France, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia.. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden2013Google Scholar, 4World Health OrganizationGlobal alert and response (GAR): novel coronavirus summary and literature update.. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland2013Google Scholar), and Malaysia, Greece, Egypt, and the United States, where cases have been reported in 2014 (Figure 2). The travel-associated MERS cases reported by countries outside the Arabian Peninsula in 2014 occurred in persons with residence in or travel to Saudi Arabia. In addition, cases have occurred among travelers from Saudi Arabia to UAE and Jordan. Malaysia reported a case on April 17, 2014, in a man aged 54 years with underlying health problems. He had traveled to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, visited a camel farm and consumed camel milk during his trip. He sought treatment in Malaysia on April 7 and died on April 13. Greece reported a case on April 18, 2014, in a male Greek citizen aged 69 years residing in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, who traveled to Greece on April 17. His source of infection remains unclear. During the 14 days before onset of illness, he had extensive contact with a family member who was hospitalized in Jeddah but not with MERS-CoV infection. Egypt reported a case in a male aged 27 years who had been living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for the past 4 years and returned to Egypt on April 25. He had contact with two persons with laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infection in Saudi Arabia. The UAE Ministry of Health reported a case on March 30, 2014, in a male aged 64 years who had traveled to Saudi Arabia, where he visited a camel farm. A case of MERS was reported by Jordan on April 22, 2014, in a male aged 25 years from Saudi Arabia. He had a family member in Saudi Arabia who was previously reported by WHO as having MERS. The first case of MERS in the United States was reported to CDC by the Indiana State Department of Health on May 1, 2014, and confirmed by CDC on May 2. The case involved a male U.S. citizen aged ≥60 years who lived and worked in Saudi Arabia in a hospital in which patients with MERS had received care. He began feeling unwell on or around April 18 with a low-grade fever and myalgia without any respiratory symptoms. He traveled by commercial airlines from Saudi Arabia to Chicago, Illinois, on April 24, 2014, and then traveled by bus from Chicago to his destination in Indiana. On April 27, he developed shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, increasing fever, and rhinorrhea. On April 28, he was evaluated at and admitted to a hospital in Indiana. A chest radiograph revealed a right lower lobe infiltrate; chest computed tomography scan revealed bilateral lung infiltrates. The patient required supplemental oxygen, but did not require mechanical ventilation. On May 9, the patient was no longer symptomatic and health officials verified that the patient had tested negative for MERS-CoV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in two sets of sputum, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal, and serum specimens collected on different days; the patient was considered to be fully recovered and was discharged from the hospital. Before implementation of contact and airborne infection control precautions at the hospital in Indiana, 53 health-care personnel (HCP) had contact with the patient. Household contacts (who were assumed to be exposed), a community contact (a business associate in Cook County, Illinois, with whom the patient had extended face-to-face contact on April 25), and exposed HCP were asked to monitor themselves twice daily for symptoms and fever for 14 days after exposure, the period in which symptoms of MERS would be expected to appear. Household contacts and exposed HCP were recommended to wear a mask when outside of the house or in contact with other household members while on voluntary home quarantine ¶Quarantine is defined as the separation or restriction of movement of well persons who might have been exposed to a communicable disease, while determining if they become ill. for 14 days after contact. HCP who had unprotected close contact with the patient and were asymptomatic returned to work 14 days after the last exposure and confirmed negative laboratory results for MERS-CoV. Nasopharyngeal and serum specimens collected from all household, community, and HCP contacts have tested negative by PCR for MERS-CoV. The Indiana case involved a person who traveled on commercial flights between Saudi Arabia and the UK and between the UK and Chicago while he was symptomatic and potentially contagious. He then traveled for 70 minutes by bus from Chicago to his final destination in Indiana. For the two flights, the UK has jurisdiction for the flight from Saudi Arabia to the UK and the United States has jurisdiction for the flight from the UK to Chicago. Because little is known about the modes of transmission of MERS-CoV, CDC included all passengers and crew aboard the flight from the UK to Chicago and the bus in a contact investigation. Eighty airline passengers (including two who were also on the Saudi Arabia to UK flight) and 12 crew members were identified for follow-up from the flight between the UK and Chicago. As of May 12, 2014, a total of 58 airline passengers on the flight from the UK to Chicago have been contacted by CDC or state and local health departments; health authorities in other countries were notified about the other 22 passengers. Eight passengers on the Saudi Arabia to UK flight who later traveled to the United States have also been contacted. Four airline passengers on the flight from the UK to Chicago reported mild respiratory symptoms. Although these symptoms did not meet the case definition for a patient under investigation for MERS, to be especially cautious given the limited data on transmission of MERS-CoV, CDC and state health departments closely monitored the status of these four passengers for the duration of the 14 day incubation period. All airline crew were contacted and reported no symptoms. Nine passengers and a driver were on the bus that the affected person traveled on from Chicago to his final destination in Indiana. Five bus passengers and the bus driver were contacted and reported no illness. All airline and bus contacts were asked to monitor their body temperature twice daily and to report any fever (temperature of 100°F [37.8°C] or higher) or respiratory symptoms to their state or local health department until 14 days after the flight or bus trip. A second imported case of MERS in the United States, identified in a traveler, was reported to CDC by the Florida Department of Health on May 11, 2014, and confirmed by CDC on May 11. The traveler, a health-care provider aged ≥40 years who resides and works in Saudi Arabia, is not linked to the case confirmed in Indiana. On May 1, the patient traveled by commercial airline from Saudi Arabia to the UK, the UK to Boston, Massachusetts; then Boston to Atlanta, Georgia; and then Atlanta to Orlando, Florida. The patient began feeling unwell during the flight from Saudi Arabia to the UK and continued to feel unwell on subsequent flights, with symptoms including myalgia, fever, chills, and a slight cough. He continued to have intermittent fevers, nausea, and severe myalgia during his time in Orlando, and on May 9, he went to a hospital emergency department. He was admitted to that hospital the same day to be evaluated for an acute viral syndrome. At the time of admission, the patient was afebrile. Public health and hospital officials have implemented infection control precautions (standard, contact, and airborne) at the hospital and are interviewing HCP who had close contact* **Close contact is defined as 1) any person who provided care for the patient, including a health-care worker or family member, or had similarly close physical contact; or 2) any person who stayed at the same place (e.g. lived with, visited) as the patient while the patient was ill.* with the patient and as well as household contacts to obtain detailed information on their exposures and monitor their health. CDC and state and local health departments are conducting airline contact tracing to identify and notify U.S. travelers who might have been exposed to this infected traveler. CDC used BioMosaic† ††An analytic tool for integrating demography, migration, and health data developed as collaboration between the University of Toronto (Kamran Khan), Boston Children’s Hospital (John Brownstein), and CDC’s Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (Martin Cetron).† to analyze International Air Transport Association travel volume data for May and June from Saudi Arabia and UAE to North America for 2010–2012. This analysis showed that Cook County, which includes Chicago O’Hare airport, historically has the fourth highest volume of arriving travelers from Saudi Arabia and UAE for the months of May and June (Figure 3). Five cities in the United States accounted for 75% of arrivals from Saudi Arabia and UAE; approximately 100,000 travelers are estimated to arrive in these five cities from Saudi Arabia and UAE in May and June 2014. This report describes the first two cases of MERS identified in the United States. These cases highlight the critical role that health-care providers play in considering a diagnosis of MERS-CoV infection in persons who develop respiratory symptoms within 14 days after traveling from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula. Recent travelers might seek medical care distant from cities served by international air connections and all HCP need to be vigilant, including those outside of cities with the highest number of arriving travelers from the Arabian Peninsula. Health-care providers and health departments throughout the United States should be prepared to consider, detect, and manage cases of MERS. Recommendations might change as additional data become available. Guidance on evaluation of patients for MERS, infection control, interim home care and isolation, and collection and testing of clinical specimens for MERS-CoV infection is summarized below and is available on CDC’s MERS website (http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/index.html). No specific treatment for MERS-CoV infection is currently available. WHO has posted guidance for clinical management of MERS patients at http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/InterimGuidance_ClinicalManagement_NovelCoronavirus_11Feb13u.pdf?ua=1. CDC’s Interim Guidance for Health Professionals was updated on May 9, 2014, to include additional guidance on evaluation of patients and close contacts. Health-care professionals should evaluate for MERS-CoV infection in patients in the United States who meet the following criteria: A) fever and pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (based on clinical or radiologic evidence) and either 1) a history of travel from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula within 14 days before symptom onset or 2) close contact with a symptomatic traveler who developed fever and acute respiratory illness (not necessarily pneumonia) within 14 days after traveling from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula, or 3) is a member of a cluster of patients with severe acute respiratory illness (e.g., fever and pneumonia requiring hospitalization) of unknown etiology in which MERS is being evaluated in consultation with a state or local health department; or B) close contact with a confirmed or probable case of MERS while the affected person was ill. Additional guidance for health-care providers is available at http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/interim-guidance.html. Health-care providers should immediately report any person being evaluated for MERS-CoV infection who meets the criteria of a patient under investigation to their state or local health department. States will then notify CDC. Case definitions are available at http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/case-def.html. Health-care providers should contact their state or local health department if they have any questions. HCP should adhere to recommended infection-control measures, including standard, contact, and airborne precautions (including eye protection), while managing symptomatic contacts and patients who are patients under investigation or who have probable or confirmed MERS-CoV infections. Additional CDC guidance on MERS-CoV infection control in health-care settings is available at http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/infection-prevention-control.html. Ill persons who are being evaluated for MERS and do not require hospitalization for medical reasons may be cared for and isolated in their home. Health-care providers should contact their state or local health department to determine whether home isolation or additional measures are indicated because recommendations might be modified as more data become available. Isolation is defined as the separation or restriction of activities of an ill person with a contagious disease from those who are well. Additional information on home care and isolation guidance is available at http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/hcp/home-care.html. To increase the likelihood of detecting MERS-CoV infection, CDC recommends collecting multiple specimens from different sites at different times after symptom onset. For suspected MERS cases, health-care providers should collect the following specimens for submission to CDC or the appropriate public health laboratory: nasopharyngeal swab, oropharyngeal swab (which can be placed in the same tube of viral transport medium as nasopharyngeal swabs), sputum, serum, and stool/rectal swab. In addition to nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens, collection of lower respiratory specimens (e.g., sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage) is recommended because MERS-CoV infection has been confirmed in sputum of patients who tested negative by PCR for MERS-CoV in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens. Personnel collecting specimens should wear recommended personal protective equipment (i.e., gloves, gowns, eye protection, and respiratory protection), and recommended infection control precautions should be used when collecting specimens. Health-care providers should notify their state or local health departments if they suspect MERS-CoV infection in a person. State or local health departments should notify CDC of patients under investigation and any positive MERS-CoV test. Additional information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html. In response to the recent increase in cases of MERS in countries in and near the Arabian Peninsula, CDC updated its advice for travelers. CDC’s travel notice has been upgraded to a Level 2 Alert,§ §§A Level 2 Alert includes recommendations for travelers to follow new or enhanced precautions for the affected destination because of the increased health risk. Additional information available at http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices#travel-notice-definitions.§ which includes enhanced precautions for travelers to countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula who plan to work in health-care settings. These travelers should review CDC’s recommendations for infection control for confirmed or suspected MERS patients before they depart, practice these precautions while in the area, and monitor their health closely during and after their travel. CDC continues to recommend that all U.S. travelers to countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula protect themselves from respiratory diseases, including MERS, by washing their hands often and avoiding contact with persons who are ill. If travelers to the region have onset of fever with cough or shortness of breath during their trip or within 14 days of returning to the United States, they should seek medical care. They should call ahead to their health-care provider and mention their recent travel so that appropriate isolation measures can be taken in the health-care setting. More detailed travel recommendations related to MERS are available at http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/coronavirus-arabian-peninsula-uk. In addition to the Travelers’ Health website, CDC is using partner distribution lists, e-mail subscription channels, social media, and airport messages to alert U.S. travelers and clinicians about precautions for MERS. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3149736588 | This paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to analyze typology of the relationship between Economic Growth (EG) and Life Expectancy at Birth (LE), Public Expenditure (PE) on health and LE, and EG and PE in Asia. The second objective is to compare these three typologies of EG-LE, PE-LE and EG-PE relationships. Analysis on this paper was mainly based on cross-sectional data derived from the 2006 World Development Report and the 2007/2008 Human Development Report. Total number of observations was 31 countries in Asia. The Cartesian diagram was employed to obtain the typology of the relationship between variables under study. This study found four groups in the typologies of EG-LE and PE-LE relationships: vicious (low EG/PE-low LE); virtuous (high EG/PE-high LE), LE-lopsided (high LE-low EG/PE), and different quadrants groups. Malaysia together with countries such as Kuwait and Singapore were in LE-lopsided quadrant group meaning that these countries have been successful in their human development. This study also found that quality of economic growth and effective use of public expenditure are important in influencing human development. Countries may have high human development though they have low economic growth rates and low public expenditure on health. In contrast, there are also countries having high economic growth and high public expenditure on health but they have low human development. Most importantly, some countries in Asia are in human development traps because they have low economic growth, low public expenditure on health and low human development. The absence of appropriate policies will force these countries to stay long in human development traps and subsequently it will deteriorate quality of human development in the future. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2265843002 | Health Promotion , Disease Prevention and Periodic Health Checks : Perceptions and Practice among Family Physicians in Eastern Mediterranean Region | [
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https://openalex.org/W2162771559 | ‘Penny-wise, pound-foolish’: The commodification of physiotherapy services in an era of precarious demand | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2162771559 | Physiotherapy Research InternationalVolume 14, Issue 1 p. 1-5 Editorial ‘Penny-wise, pound-foolish’: The commodification of physiotherapy services in an era of precarious demand Michel D. Landry, Corresponding Author Michel D. Landry [email protected]@utoronto.ca Physical Therapist and Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Canada Assistant Professor, Department of Health Policy and Administration in School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USADepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorNadia A. Eldarrat, Nadia A. Eldarrat Physical Therapist, Fawzia Sultan Rehabilitation Institute, Kuwait City, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSudha R. Raman, Sudha R. Raman Physical Therapist and Doctoral Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorTyler Dyck, Tyler Dyck Physical Therapist and Founding Partner, Sun City Physiotherapy, Kelowna, British Columbia, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author Michel D. Landry, Corresponding Author Michel D. Landry [email protected]@utoronto.ca Physical Therapist and Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Canada Assistant Professor, Department of Health Policy and Administration in School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USADepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorNadia A. Eldarrat, Nadia A. Eldarrat Physical Therapist, Fawzia Sultan Rehabilitation Institute, Kuwait City, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSudha R. Raman, Sudha R. Raman Physical Therapist and Doctoral Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorTyler Dyck, Tyler Dyck Physical Therapist and Founding Partner, Sun City Physiotherapy, Kelowna, British Columbia, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 10 November 2008 https://doi.org/10.1002/pri.426Citations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume14, Issue1March 2009Pages 1-5 RelatedInformation | [
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https://openalex.org/W4293428405 | An experimental vignette study to assess stigmatized attitudes towards tobacco smokers in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4293428405 | Smoking is the most common method to consume tobacco. Although the prevalence of smoking is on the increase among females, it is still shown to be lower when compared with males, as there is a buildup of stigma towards tobacco smokers, with structural discrimination beginning to emerge. This study explored the effect of gender on stigmatizing attitude and behavior towards tobacco smokers.An experimental vignette study design was used to explore the effect of gender on stigmatizing attitudes towards tobacco smokers of 151 students of both genders from Kuwait University. Students were divided into control and experimental groups and were provided with describing vignettes of male (control) and female (experimental) tobacco smokers along with the standard stigmatization questionnaire 1 (SSQ1). Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, a p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Female smokers were more stigmatized than male smokers (p=0.007). In social self-interest, more students think that it is socially acceptable for men to smoke than it is for women (p<0.001). In evolutionary self-interest, there was a significant difference between the participants in accepting to marry or to have a relative who is a smoker (p<0.001), indicating disapproval for female smokers. In psychological self-interest, female tobacco smokers were not considered as good parents compared to male tobacco smokers (p=0.003).The findings of the study indicate the presence of stigmatizing attitudes towards female tobacco smokers in contrast to male tobacco smokers. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4200383834 | A Bibliometric Analysis of Coronavirus Research in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries | [
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Qatar",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"United Arab Emirates",
"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4200383834 | COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by World Health Organization in March 2020. Since then, it has attracted the enormous attention of researchers from around the world. The world has gone through previous instances of corona-viruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome. Nevertheless, none was of these were of this serious nature as COVID-19. In this research, we carry out a bibliometric analysis of coronavirus research using the Scopus database. However, we restricted ourselves to the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The analysis was performed using Biblioshiny software. We analyzed 4288 articles written by 24226 researchers from 1994 till 2021, published in 1429 sources. The number of authors per publication is 5.65. A bulk of the research (more than 68%) appeared in the form of articles. More than 43% of the publications appeared in 2020 and more than 44% in 2021. Saudi Arabia appears the most-cited country, followed by Qatar. Journal of Infection and Public Health published the most number of papers, whereas New England Journal of Medicine is the most-cited one. Memish, Z.A. wrote the maximum number of papers. The top source, according to the H-index, is the Journal of Virology. Furthermore, the two most prolific universities are King Saud University and King Abdulaziz University, both from Saudi Arabia. The research uncovered deep learning as a niche theme used in recent publications. The research landscape continues to alter as the pandemic keeps on evolving. | [
{
"display_name": "International journal of online and biomedical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210211237",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2587017538 | Relationship Between Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Primary School Teachers and Their Oral Health-related Quality of Life: A Cross-sectional Study. | [
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"display_name": "Aishah Alsumait",
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"display_name": "Mohamed ElSalhy",
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"display_name": "Maryam Amin",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2587017538 | Purpose To measure oral health (OH) knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of primary school teachers and to evaluate the relationship between these measures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and methods A total of 1013 school teachers from all regions of Kuwait were randomly selected in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire on demographics, knowledge, attitude, practices and OHRQoL was used. Frequencies and means (SD) were used for data description. Correlations between KAP and OHRQoL were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Associations between practice-specific knowledge and its corresponding practice as well as knowledge and practices and OHRQoL were determined using the chi-squared test. Results About 71% of the participants were females, 57% were 30-50 years old, and 75% had a college education. The mean (95%CI) knowledge score was 60.2% (57.2-62.0), ranging from 15.4% to 93%. The well-known OH facts were the importance of brushing twice a day with fluoridated toothpaste, the cariogenic effect of sticky, sugary foods and snacks, as well as the damage that soft drinks can cause to teeth. The least known facts were replacement frequency of toothbrush, parent's supervision of children's brushing and the benefit of regular flossing. Weak but significant correlations were found between KAP components and OHRQoL (p 0.05). Self-esteem was the mostly frequently affected OHRQoL construct by improper OH practices. Conclusion Oral health knowledge by itself is not enough to change improper OH practices. Developing behaviourchanging interventions based on OHRQoL outcomes may be beneficial. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S117780675",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2902404954 | The level of particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in several indoor public venues | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2902404954 | Indoor air pollution in developing countries is a public health problem deserving of urgent attention. The aim of this study was to assess indoor second‐hand smoke (SHS) exposure via PM 2.5 (fine particles with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) level measurements in several public venues in Kuwait. The PM 2.5 mean, median, and interquartile range (IQR) values for nonsmoking areas were; respectively, 28, 24, 32 μg/m 3 while the corresponding values for smoking areas were 274, 222, 288 μg/m 3 in the absence of water pipe usage and 1434, 1001, 964 μg/m 3 in the presence of water pipes, respectively. Differences among the three tested venues (nonsmoking, smoking with and without water pipes) were statistically significant (F = 330.7, P < 0.001). The air quality index (AQI) results showed that nonsmoking areas were mostly classified as either “Good” or “Moderate” whereas the classification in smoking areas varied between “Moderate” to “Hazardous.” Adverse health outcomes from exposure to PM 2.5 were also evaluated. The estimated lifetime lung cancer and cardiopulmonary risks in nonsmoking area were 4 × 10 −3 and 3 × 10 −3 , respectively. In smoking areas, the risks were more than sixfold and 30‐fold increases of cancer and cardiopulmonary relative to nonsmoking areas without and with water pipes, respectively. In smoking venues, the relative ratio values were 1.26 and 1.16 with no water pipe and 1.86 and 1.51 when water pipe usage was observed, for lung cancer and cardiopulmonary mortality, respectively. These values reveal that people, especially the young and elderly, occupying or visiting these venues are susceptible to lung cancer and cardiopulmonary mortality. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13096, 2019 | [
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https://openalex.org/W2903779522 | Obesity and maternal perception: a cross-sectional study of children aged 6 to 8 years in Kuwait | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2903779522 | Childhood obesity is on the increase in the Middle East.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity in those aged six to eight years and to investigate maternal perception of child weight.A nation-wide study of data on height and weight were obtained from nurses' records, and maternal perceptions were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Sample size comprised 2208 individuals with BMI measurements and 1002 with BMI and maternal perception data.The prevalence of overweight and obese children combined was 40.9% as per WHO cut-off values and 39.7% as per Centres for Disease Control and Prevention categorizations. We also found that 77.9% of overweight and 45.4% of obese children were perceived by their mothers to have healthy body weights. Additionally, 39.8% of children with normal weight were also judged by their mothers to be underweight.An alarmingly high prevalence of childhood obesity among Kuwaiti children, coupled with mothers distorted perception of their child's actual weight status is a serious concern that requires urgent public health intervention.السمنة وإدراك الأمهات: دراسة مقطعية للأطفال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 و 8 سنوات في الكويت.يوسف الروضان، يوسف العابدين، عيسى صالح، ناصر الفودري، حمد الصقر، فرح الحمود، لقمان طالب.تعد سمنة الأطفال في ازدياد في الشرق الأوسط.هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد معدل انتشار السمنة بين الأطفال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 و 8 سنوات، واستقصاء إدراك الأمهات عن وزن الأطفال.أُجريت دراسة وطنية للبيانات حول الطول والوزن التي تم الحصول عليها من سجلات الممرضات، كما تم تقييم إدراك الأمهات من خلال استبيان ذاتي الإجابة. وتألف حجم العينة من 2208 طفلاً يتوفر لديهم قياسات منسب كتلة الجسم الخاصة بهم، و 1002 طفلاً يتوفر لديهم قياسات منسب كتلة الجسم الخاصة بهم وإدراك الأمهات.بلغ مجموع معدل انتشار زيادة الوزن والسمنة بين الأطفال 40.9% وفقًا للقيم الحدية لمنظمة الصحة العالمية و 39.7% وفقًا لتصنيفات مراكز مكافحة الأمراض والوقاية منها. كما وجدنا أن إدراك الأمهات عن 77.9% من الأطفال المصابين بزيادة الوزن و 45.4% من الأطفال المصابين بالسمنة أنهم يتمتعون بوزن صحي. إضافة إلى ذلك، 39.8% من الأطفال الذين يتمتعون بوزن طبيعي قالت أمهاتهم بأن وزنهم منخفض.يبعث معدل الانتشار المرتفع المنذر بالخطر للسمنة بين أطفال الكويت، إضافة إلى المدارك المغلوطة لدى الأمهات عن الحالة الفعلية لوزن أطفالهن، على القلق الشديد مما يتطلب تدخلاً عاجلاً في مجال الصحة العامة.Étude transversale de la perception maternelle de l’obésité des enfants âgés de 6 à 8 ans au Koweït.L’obésité de l’enfant est en augmentation au Moyen-Orient.La présente étude visait à déterminer la prévalence de l’obésité chez les enfants de six à huit ans et à étudier la perception du poids des enfants par les mères.Une étude nationale des données concernant la taille et le poids a été réalisée à partir des dossiers des infirmières et les perceptions des mères ont été évaluées au moyen d’un questionnaire auto-administré. La taille de l’échantillon comprenait 2208 personnes ayant des mesures de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et 1002 sujets ayant des données sur l’IMC et la perception des mères.La prévalence combinée du surpoids et de l’obésité de l’enfant était de 40,9 % selon les valeurs seuils de l’OMS et de 39,7 % selon les catégories établies par les Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nous avons également constaté que 77,9 % des enfants en surpoids et 45,4 % des enfants obèses étaient perçus par leur mère comme ayant un poids corporel normal. De plus, 39,8 % des enfants ayant un poids normal ont également été jugés par leur mère comme ayant un poids insuffisant.La prévalence alarmante de l’obésité infantile chez les enfants koweïtiens, associée à la perception déformée par les mères de l’état pondéral réel de leur enfant, est une préoccupation grave qui nécessite une intervention de santé publique urgente. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3134708504 | The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19: A living rapid evidence review (version 3) | [
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"display_name": "Jamie Brown",
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{
"display_name": "Observational study",
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"display_name": "Pandemic",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Disease",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C201903717"
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"display_name": "Family medicine",
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{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Iran",
"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3134708504 | Background: SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19, an emergent zoonotic disease which has reached pandemic levels and is designated a public health emergency of international concern. It is plausible that former or current smoking status are associated with infection, hospitalisation and/or mortality from COVID-19. Objective: We aimed to estimate the association of smoking status with rates of i) infection, ii) hospitalisation, iii) disease severity, and iv) mortality from SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Methods: We adopted recommended practice for rapid evidence reviews, which involved limiting the search to main databases and having one reviewer extract data and another verify. Published articles and pre-prints were identified via Ovid MEDLINE, medRxiv and expertise within the review team. We included observational studies with community-dwelling or hospitalised adults aged 16+ years who had been tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or diagnosed with COVID-19, providing that data on smoking status were reported. The National Institutes of Health’s Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to divide studies into ‘good’, ‘fair’ and ‘poor’ quality to address objectives of this review. Studies were judged as ‘good’ quality if they: i) had low levels of missing data on smoking status, ii) used a reliable self-report measure that distinguished between current, former and never smoking status, iii) used biochemical verification of smoking status and iv) adjusted analyses for potential confounding variables. Results: Sixty-seven studies were included, 30 of which were conducted in China, 12 in the US, six in the UK, four in France, three in Mexico, three in Spain, two across multiple international sites, two in Italy, and one each from Iran, Israel, Korea, Kuwait and Switzerland. Eleven studies did not state the source for information on smoking status. Fifty-one studies reported current and/or former smoking status but had high levels of missing data and/or did not explicitly state whether the remaining participants were never smokers. Notwithstanding recording uncertainties, compared with national prevalence estimates, recorded current and former smoking rates in most studies were lower than expected. In six ‘fair’ quality studies, no significant difference was observed between current and never (RR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.55-1.11, p = .17, I2 = 92%) or former and never smokers (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.95-1.20, p = .24, I2 = 61%) in the risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. In five ‘fair’ quality studies, there was no significant difference between current and never (RR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.74-1.69, p = .48, I2 = 84%) or former and never smokers (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.82-1.79, p = .24, I2 = 81%) in the risk of requiring admission to hospital following diagnosis of COVID-19. In three ‘fair’ quality studies, current smokers were at increased risk of greater disease severity compared with never smokers (RR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.07-1.75, p = .01, I2 = 0%). No significant difference was observed between former and never smokers (RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 0.82-2.80, p = .19, I2 = 81%). In three ‘fair’ quality studies, there were inconsistent results on mortality from COVID-19 in current and former compared with never smokers. Conclusions: Across 67 observational studies, there is substantial uncertainty about the associations between smoking and COVID-19 outcomes. The recorded smoking prevalence in hospitalised patients was lower than national estimates but this observation is inconsistent with there being no evidence of increased admission to hospital from five ‘fair’ quality studies of people who tested positive. There was limited evidence from ‘fair’ quality studies that current compared with never smoking is associated with greater disease severity in those hospitalised for COVID-19. Implications: Unrelated to COVID-19, smokers are at a greater risk of a range of serious health problems, requiring them to be admitted to hospital. Given uncertainty around the association of smoking with COVID-19, smoking cessation remains a public health priority and high-quality smoking cessation advice including recommendations to use alternative nicotine should form part of public health efforts during this pandemic. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2562229112 | Human Resources for Health Country Profile of Indonesia | [
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{
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"display_name": "Ferry Efendi",
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"Saudi Arabia",
"United Arab Emirates"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2562229112 | The Public Health Reform Roadmap by the Ministry of Health put priority reforms on financing health care; drugs and health equipment availability; health management in the remote, country borderline areas and outer islands including human resources for health (HRH); and healthcare services. In the Strategic Plan document of the Ministry of Health year 2010-2014, HRH development is one of top eight priorities in health development. It includes several strategic activities such as HRH planning and management, pre-service and in service trainings, HRH quality including registration and certification and other management and technical support for HRH development program. Along with most social sectors, the health sector has been undergoing a process of decentralizing many responsibilities from central ministry to the district level particularly to the Provincial and District Health Offices. This has had implications on human resource planning and management which include the need for accurate and timely data and information on HRH. Most of the data required for this HRH country profile is still limited or incomplete. It has become clear that there is an urgent need to strengthen national health information system. Some key issues in HRH information need to address including weak coordination among stakeholder, inadequate use for decision making, various capacity of human resources in data processing of each level and lack of timely reporting and feedback. Special attention is required at both regional and national levels to create an up-to-date HRH information system. Health services are provided by both public and private institutions. In general, the ratio of health workers per 1000 population has increased from 1,42 per 1000 population in year 2009 to 2,11 per 1000 population in year 2010. The highest number of cadre is nurses with 160,074 and the lowest number is physiotherapist with 2,587. Imbalance distribution remains one of key issues not only between urban and rural but also among regions in Indonesia. The highest number of health workforces remains in Java/Bali . Migration or movement of the health workforce within and across country has become a great attention. So far in 2009 there were approximately 2892 nurses work in United Emirate Arab, United State of America, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the Netherlands, Singapore, Japan, and Norway. Distribution of health workers based on gender is also another issue, although the exact data is unavailable. There is a tendency of increasing female medical doctors and dentists, for example in mid 2010 the percentage of contract female doctors was 56% while the contract female dentists was 81%. This document failed to describe the age distribution by cadre and the public � private distribution by cadre due to lack of data. It is estimated 60 to 70 percent of publicly employed health worker engaged in dual practice, mainly in private practice and private facilities. Production of health workforce has been continuously increasing from year 2004 to 2009 especially in private health education institutions. Accreditation of health education institutions was conducted to ensure the quality of graduates. In-service training for health workforce is provided through technical and clinical trainings, management and leadership training and other professional development trainings. Projection of the health workforce requirement was developed for the HRH plan, which involved participation of stakeholders. The method used was the ratio of health workers to the certain value i.e. the health status measured by the life expectancy target. To improve deployment and distribution for HRH especially in remote and underserved areas, the MoH encourage the local government to provide additional incentives, scholarship, and other facilities such as vehicles, housing, telecommunication equipment and electricity as well as safety at workplace. This document showed that Human Resource Information System need to be strengthened both in local and national level. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2728431016 | The Kuwait–Scotland eHealth InnovationNetwork (KSeHIN): a sustainable approachto quality improvement in healthcare | [
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"display_name": "Abeer Fathi Mohammed Shaltout",
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Faten Sukkar",
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"display_name": "D. J. Wake",
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"display_name": "Alistair Morris",
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"display_name": "Kazem Behbehani",
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2728431016 | Background The rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes in Kuwait represents a significant challenge for the country’s healthcare system. Diabetes care in Scotland has improved by adopting a system of managed clinical networks supported by a nationalinformatics platform. In 2010, a Kuwait–Dundee collaboration was established with a view to transforming diabetes care in Kuwait. This paper describes the significant progress that has been made to date. Methods The Kuwait–Scotland eHealth Innovation Network (KSeHIN) is a partnership among health, education, industry and government. KSeHIN aims to deliver a package of clinical service development, education (including a formal postgraduate programme and continuing professional development) and research underpinned by a comprehensivem informatics system. Results The informatics system includes a disease registry for children and adults with diabetes. At the patient level, the system provides an overview of clinical and operational data. At the population level, users view key performance indicators based on national standards of diabetes care established by KSeHIN. The national childhood registry (CODeR) accumulates approximately 300 children a year. The adult registry (KHN), implemented in four primary healthcare centres in 2013, has approximately 4000 registered patients, most of whom are not yet meeting national clinical targets. A credit-bearing postgraduate educational programme provides module-based teaching and workplace-based projects. In addition, a new clinical skills centre provides simulator-based training. Over 150 masters students from throughout Kuwait are enrolled and over 400 work-based projects have been completed to date. Conclusion KSeHIN represents a successful collaboration between multiple stakeholders working across traditional boundaries. It is targeting patient outcomes, system performance and professional development to provide a sustainable transformationin the quality of diabetes healthcare for the growing population of Kuwaitis with diabetes in Kuwait. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4317899159 | KUWAIT DECLARATION 2021 ON CULTURE AND PERSON-CENTERED CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4317899159 | Emerging from the Ninth International Congress of Person-Centered Medicine in Kuwait on 18th–19th November 2021 organized by the International College of Person Centered Medicine and the Kuwait Medical Association | [
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https://openalex.org/W4283311190 | Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among the public in three Gulf countries - a cross-sectional survey. | [
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"Kuwait",
"Saudi Arabia",
"United Arab Emirates"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4283311190 | This study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among residents/citizens of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Kuwait.A cross-sectional online survey on 3,920 citizens/residents from three Gulf-countries (KSA, UAE, and Kuwait) was conducted between June 15 and August 25, 2020. The survey instrument consisted of demographic characteristics, 13 items on knowledge, 4 items on attitudes, and 7 items on practice towards prevention and control of COVID-19. The Survey link was constructed to be available in Arabic and English. Descriptive statistics of frequency distribution and percentages were calculated, and non-parametric tests were applied to compare the mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores among different countries.This study included participants from KSA (2,938, 74.9%), UAE (403, 10.3%), and Kuwait (579, 14.8%). The study subjects from KSA, UAE, and Kuwait showed significant differences in the mean knowledge (10.13, 10.52, and 9.19, p<0.001), attitude (2.84, 3.12, and 5.98, p<0.001), and practice (6.11, 5.98 and 5.38, p<0.001) scores towards COVID-19. In addition, Kuwaiti citizens and residents showed significantly lower knowledge, attitude, and practice scores toward COVID-19 than UAE and KSA participants. Participants from Kuwait showed significantly lower knowledge, attitude, and practice scores than the UAE and KSA. However, in general (38.2%), the study participants were optimistic about controlling Coronavirus. Nearly 48.6% started to take an immune-boosting diet to protect themselves from the Coronavirus.Study participants from KSA, UAE, and Kuwait demonstrated adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and acceptable practices towards COVID-19 control. Electronic and social media should be effectively utilized to spread awareness of COVID-19 among the public. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1972774189 | Economic Sanctions and Public Health: A View from the Department of State | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1972774189 | Editorials18 January 2000Economic Sanctions and Public Health: A View from the Department of StateFREEMadeleine K. AlbrightMadeleine K. AlbrightDepartment of State; Washington, DC 20520 (Albright)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-2-200001180-00012 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I welcome the opportunity to comment on topics raised in this issue about the importance of minimizing the effect of economic sanctions on public health (1, 2). The Clinton Administration fully supports this goal and seeks a partnership with the public health community in making further progress toward it.Sanctions as an Alternative to ForceHistorically, sanctions have been used as a tool—short of war or other, more extreme measures of coercion—to induce a government violating international norms to improve its policies. Sanctions have also been used as a punishment for such violations. In recent years, especially, sanctions have often been supported or proposed by nongovernmental organizations concerned with such matters as religious freedom, respect for human rights, and the apprehension of war criminals. In the United States, this support is reflected in the flood of sanctions-related legislation annually considered by Congress.Despite this, the overall record of sanctions as an instrument of policy has been mixed. In many cases, sanctions have been imposed for years, even decades, without achieving their objectives. However, most observers would agree that U.N. sanctions contributed significantly to the downfall of racist regimes in the former Rhodesia and South Africa. In this decade, sanctions caused Libya's government to make available for trial two men suspected of the terrorist sabotage of Pan American Flight 103. Currently, sanctions are an important source of pressure against the regime of indicted war criminal Slobodan Milosevic in Yugoslavia. In Burma, the democratic opposition, led by Nobel Prize-winner Aung San Suu Kyi, strongly supports sanctions as a way to prod that nation's repressive military toward a more open political system.Mitigating the Harmful Effects of SanctionsAs a policymaker, I have long been concerned that sanctions—like force—can be a blunt instrument. When the United Nations or the United States imposes sanctions against a regime, whether in response to military aggression or egregious violations of human rights, it does not intend to create unnecessary hardships for innocent people, especially children and infants. Good intentions, however, do not automatically translate into good results.In recent years, the United States has joined the United Nations and other concerned countries in exploring ways to preserve the effectiveness of sanctions while minimizing harm to innocent civilians. One method involves imposing only limited sanctions by, for example, restricting visas for government officials or prohibiting civil air transportation. A second method of limitation was articulated by President Clinton in July 1998 when he declared that “food and other human necessities should not be used as a tool of foreign policy except under extraordinary circumstances.”The president's statement builds on a long-standing record. The United States has supported emergency food relief since at least the 1920s and has offered support for public health, infant nutrition, child survival, and anti-hunger projects around the globe for more than half a century. The U.S. Agency for International Development, in particular, has been a champion of public health in partnership with the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization, and a broad array of nongovernmental organizations.These policies have been sustained even when the governments of the countries involved have been subject to sanctions. For example, over the past decade the United States has financed more than $1 billion in food and other humanitarian supplies that independent relief agencies have delivered to the people of war-torn Sudan. During the past several years, the United States has donated more than 400 000 metric tons of wheat and flour to the World Food Program for use in North Korea.Adjusting United States PolicyIn the same vein, President Clinton announced in April 1999 that the United States would generally exclude food, medicines, and medical equipment from future sanctions and that we would extend that principle to existing sanctions where we have the discretion under U.S. law to do so. The change does not affect Iraq, Cuba, or North Korea, where food and medicine have always been exempt from sanctions, but it has enabled us to liberalize regulations that govern exports to Iran, Sudan, and Libya. To maximize the positive humanitarian effect of this policy adjustment, we are defining food broadly as anything that can be ingested by humans and animals, including feed and seeds. Since the adjustment has been made, U.S. companies have sold approximately 250 000 tons of corn to Iran.The Case of IraqIn recent years, much controversy has surrounded the economic sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council against the government of Iraq. These sanctions stem from Saddam Hussein's brutal and unprovoked 1991 invasion of Kuwait and his subsequent failure to comply with weapons inspection and monitoring requirements. This failure cannot simply be shrugged off. United Nations Security Council resolutions are designed to ensure that Saddam Hussein does not again threaten his neighbors with aggression or the world with weapons of mass destruction. Saddam Hussein has used chemical weapons both in battle and against his own people. He has started two wars. He has lied repeatedly about Iraq's weapons programs. If sanctions were prematurely lifted and Saddam once again gained access to the money needed to build weapons of mass destruction, we could expect him to do so—without any moral compunction about their use.From the humanitarian perspective as well as the diplomatic and security perspectives, the case for continued sanctions as a means of pressure against Saddam Hussein is overwhelming. There is no greater enemy to public health in Iraq than he. At the same time, we have an obligation, which we are meeting, to do all we can to minimize the harmful effects of sanctions on Iraqi civilians. Even under sanctions, Baghdad has always been free to import food and medicine. To make this easier, the United States took the lead more than 6 years ago in proposing an “oil-for-food” program, under which Iraq could use revenues from the sale of limited amounts of petroleum to purchase humanitarian supplies. Saddam long resisted this plan because he wanted to use his people's suffering to mobilize public opposition to sanctions. During the past few years, however, the program has been implemented and has grown steadily. The results are significant.During the 2.5 years that the oil-for-food program has operated, it has delivered $3.7 billion in food, $691 million in medicine, and more than $500 million in supplies for projects involving electricity, water and sanitation, agriculture, education, the oil industry, settlement rehabilitation, and demining. In addition, between December 1996 and July 1999, the U.S. State Department recommended the approval of licenses for the sale of more than $372 million in U.S. agricultural commodities for the program. The oil-for-food program has increased the daily caloric value of the Iraqi ration basket by 50% and has steadily improved health care. Iraq is now importing as much food and exporting almost as much oil as it did before the Gulf War.Despite all this, the humanitarian crisis in Iraq persists. The question is why. A study issued last August by UNICEF provides strong evidence of the answer. In northern Iraq, where Saddam Hussein's government is not in control and the United Nations administers the oil-for-food program, child mortality rates are now lower than they were before the Gulf War. This point deserves emphasis: In northern Iraq, child mortality rates are lower now with sanctions than they were without sanctions before the war. By contrast, child mortality rates have more than doubled in southern and central Iraq, where Saddam Hussein remains in control and the Iraqi government rather than the United Nations administers the oil-for-food program.The problem is that Saddam is not using the available resources for the intended purposes. According to the United Nations, the Iraqi government has spent only $9.5 million of the $25 million that has been set aside for nutrition supplies for vulnerable children, pregnant women, and nursing mothers. Until the United Nations called attention to the situation earlier this year, almost $300 million in medical supplies, or about half of the supplies shipped under the oil-for-food program, was sitting undistributed in Iraqi warehouses. In addition, while primary care needs go unmet, Baghdad has ordered expensive diagnostic tools, such as a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging machine and a γ knife (which is used in complicated neurosurgery). There are also reports that the Iraqi regime is selling medicines received under the oil-for-food program to private hospitals at exorbitant prices. We also have evidence that the Iraqi military bulldozed 160 homes in the town of Almasha in June 1999 after local citizens protested Baghdad's failure to distribute food and medicine. Meanwhile, the regime is squandering its scarce resources on luxury cars, palaces, and resorts for the elite. Therefore, although the oil-for-food program is giving the people of Iraq, especially northern Iraq, access to essential food and medicine, it would be much more effective if the Iraqi regime began to do its part. It is Saddam Hussein's obstruction, not U.N. sanctions, that remains the primary cause of suffering in Iraq.Helping the People of CubaCuba is another country whose government has sought to blame sanctions for its own failures. Unlike the sanctions against Iraq, the sanctions applied against Cuba are unilateral, not multilateral. This means that commercial opportunities are available to Cuba throughout the rest of the Americas, Europe, Asia, and elsewhere. Although U.S. sanctions are indeed a source of pressure, the fundamental problem is Havana's allegiance to economic and political doctrines that have failed everywhere they have been tried. The United States believes that the people of Cuba should have the same rights as their counterparts throughout the hemisphere, including the right to have a voice in choosing their own leaders. There would be no better route to greater prosperity and improved public health in Cuba than a government that was accountable to its people.In the meantime, the Clinton Administration has taken steps to increase people-to-people ties between the United States and Cuba and to help the Cuban people prepare for a democratic future. These steps include licensing of food and agriculture sales to entities that are independent of the Cuban government and increasing the amount of remittances that persons in the United States can send to family members or independent organizations in Cuba. The sale of medicines, medical supplies, and medical equipment to Cuba is governed by the 1992 Cuban Democracy Act. Within the limits imposed by that statute, the Department of Commerce licensed approximately $45 million in medical sales in 1998 and the first half of 1999 and more than $100 million in humanitarian donations of medicine and medical equipment.The United States cares deeply about the well-being of the Cuban people. That is why we support democratic change. To that end, we will continue to take steps to address humanitarian needs, aid the development of civil society, strengthen the role of nongovernmental organizations (including the church), and otherwise help lessen popular dependence on the Cuban state.The United States's CommitmentOur effort to improve the effectiveness of sanctions on behalf of peace and respect for human rights remains a work in progress. We cannot be satisfied as long as innocent populations suffer as a result of repressive or lawless leaders. The job of developing and revising effective sanctions is by nature multinational, but the United States should be a leader in that effort.Accordingly, the Clinton Administration is committed to working with other nations and with international and nongovernmental organizations, including the public health community, to further explore the full range of issues related to sanctions. We are also working with Congress on legislation for sanctions reform that would provide the executive branch with greater flexibility in responding to changing circumstances and new information.I congratulate Annals for devoting attention to a discussion of this politically, technically, and morally complex subject. Although I wish it were not the case, the challenge of responding to regimes that ignore international law and run roughshod over the rights of their own people is not likely to go away. We must continue to assess and reassess the tools we have available to respond and to ensure that sanctions, when used, are used in the best possible way for the best possible results.References1. Barry M. Effect of the U.S. embargo and economic decline on health in Cuba. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:151-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Morin K, Miles SH. The health effects of economic sanctions and embargoes: the role of health professionals. Ethics and Human Rights Committee. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:158-61. LinkGoogle Scholar Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of State; Washington, DC 20520 (Albright)Corresponding Author: Brian J. Mohler, Department of State, 2201 C Street, NW, EB/ESC/ESP, Room 3329, Washington, DC 20520. For reprint orders in quantities exceeding 100, please contact the Reprints Coordinator; phone, 215-351-2657; e-mail, [email protected]acponline.org. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Health Effects of Economic Sanctions and Embargoes: The Role of Health Professionals Karine Morin , Steven H. Miles , and Effect of the U.S. Embargo and Economic Decline on Health in Cuba Michèle Barry Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Ken Freeland Metrics Cited ByA comparative scoping review of the impact of international economic sanctions on education“A Microscopic Insurgent”: Militarization, Health, and Critical Geographies of ViolenceEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesKen FreelandEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesDavid P. Hickey, FRCSIEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesLeila Richards, MD, MPHEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesSoheir A. Morsy, PhDEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesAnthony F. Kirkpatrick, MD, PhDEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesRichard Garfield, RN, DrPHEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesNatalia Ganson-Myshkin, MDEconomic Sanctions and EmbargoesMichèle Barry, MD 18 January 2000Volume 132, Issue 2Page: 155-157KeywordsArmed forcesChildrenDeath ratesFoodHealth economicsInfantsLegislationNutritionOilsPrevention, policy, and public health Issue Published: 18 January 2000 PDF DownloadLoading ... | [
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https://openalex.org/W2991546970 | Primary care providers’ beliefs and practices on colorectal cancer screening in Kuwait | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2991546970 | Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue in the Arab region. In Kuwait, CRC is the second most frequent cancer, with an age-standardized (world) incidence rate of 13.2 cases/100,000 in 2018. Despite the national efforts to promote CRC screening the current participation rate is very low (5 to 17%). Primary Care Providers (PCPs) are considered as the gatekeepers of cancer screening globally. This is one of the first studies in Kuwait that examined the current beliefs/practices of PCPs on CRC screening. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at governmental primary care centers in Kuwait from 2015-2017. Of 564 PCPs invited to participate from all centers, 255 completed the self-administered questionnaires. The 14-page survey contained 75 questions on PCPs’ beliefs and practices of CRC screening. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Results The study sample consisted primarily of females (52.0%) and non-Kuwaiti (79%) physicians, with mean age =43.3 (SD: 11.2) years. Most respondents (92%) believed that colonoscopy is the most effective screening tool. The majority (78%) reported that they recommend CRC screening to their patients, with colonoscopy as the most frequent modality (87%) followed by the Faecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) (52%). Around 40% of the respondents stated that they did not have time to discuss CRC screening with their patients. The majority (72%) believed that their patients did not complete their CRC screening tests. Health system related barriers included difficulties in obtaining test results from the gastroenterologist (61.4%), ordering follow-up test after a positive screening test (50.6%) and shortage of trained staff to conduct the screening test (44.2%). Conclusions A majority of PCPs in Kuwait recommend CRC screening to their patients, but not all patients follow through their recommendation. More research is needed to find out how to further enhance patient uptake of CRC screening. Key messages Colonoscopy is the most frequent screening CRC modality used in Kuwait. Health system related factors can be important future intervention targets to promote CRC screening. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4312382730 | COVID-19 Pandemic | [
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https://openalex.org/W4376866811 | The tobacco endgame: targeting the next generation | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4376866811 | In April, tobacco control advocates and experts gathered at the 2023 European Conference on Tobacco or Health (ECToH) with the theme of how to achieve a tobacco-free generation by 2040. Given one in two people who smoke will die of a smoking-related disease, many of the discussions centred on how the tobacco endgame can become a reality. One key strategy will be to ensure that children and adolescents avoid using tobacco-containing or nicotine-containing products, and many discussions at ECToH were focused on how to engage with, and protect, this generation. As proposed in a recent ERS statement, one tactic could be to raise the age of buying cigarettes to 21 years; currently only four countries globally—USA, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and Kuwait—have such an age rule. And, as the statement noted, US Department of Health data report that 90% of smokers start smoking before 18 years; a statistic that highlights how crucial it is to prevent children and adolescents from taking up these products if a tobacco-free world is to be achieved. With commercial revenues for tobacco-containing products under attack following increasing legislation and higher taxes, companies have also realised the importance of targeting young people. In Sweden, for example, industry efforts are now focused on the marketing of tobacco-free nicotine pouches using tactics mirroring those used to promote cigarettes in the 1970s and 1980s. Pouches are being touted as harm reduction products and marketed in a way to target not just current smokers, but also young people, with heavy promotion by social media influencers and as a glamour product. However, the pouches can have very high nicotine concentrations thereby ensuring a new generation becomes addicted to nicotine, with the consequent negative effects on developing brains. Many ongoing initiatives to educate and engage with children and adolescents were discussed at ECToH. A storytelling project in schools, overseen by the Portuguese League Against Cancer, asked participants aged 10–18 years to write stories on their experiences and knowledge about tobacco. In Sweden, young ambassadors have hosted educational interactive sessions in schools on the use of tobacco and snus, and in the Netherlands, notices in playgrounds and schools promote the protection of children. One ECToH session, was arranged specifically for youth with 450 attendees from the local community, highlighting the potential impact of mobilising youth advocates for tobacco control. An area in which children and adolescents are especially vulnerable is the uptake of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS); the CDC estimate there are currently around 2·5 million teenagers using ENDS. However, there have been encouraging recent preventive efforts. On May 2, 2023, Australia introduced plans for new controls on the importation, contents, and packaging of vaping products and in April, Juul Labs was forced to settle lawsuits totalling around half a billion US dollars filed by six US states and the District of Columbia over the marketing of e-cigarettes to teenagers. However, a fracturing of opinions within the tobacco control community related to the use of ENDS has occurred, which could undermine efforts and be exploited by those with commercial interests. Some advocates are arguing passionately that the community is taking their eye off the ball by focusing on ENDS use in youth, given the number of smokers who are dying each year; there are 1·3 billion people using tobacco worldwide resulting in 8·0 million deaths per year. Of course, continuing to target current smokers with strategies such as the “swap to stop” UK initiative that will provide a million smokers with free vape kits is crucial, but the community needs to also provide a united front to tackle the continued underhand tactics of commercial entities. Furthermore, Neal L Benowitz and colleagues note a lack of regulated smoking cessation products and call on the US FDA to support more innovation in this area, whereas Adam Edward Lang and Ivan Berlin discuss the implications of the recent withdrawal of varenicline from the market by Pfizer due to nitrosamine contamination and the importance of health-care infrastructures to have alternative support measures in place, such as the use of generics. Protecting children and adolescents is essential to meet the tobacco endgame. Continued efforts on price points and point of sales will also help in this respect. As one delegate noted: “We all want an end to tobacco, but we need to think about these new products that adolescents are starting to smoke where companies are recruiting the next generation of addicted customers”. The European Conference on Tobacco or Health (ECToH) was held in Madrid, Spain, from April 26-28, 2023For more on the ERS statement see Eur Respir J 2023; 61: 2300134For more on the Australian vaping plans see World Report Lancet 2023; 401: 1557For more on the settlement of the lawsuits for e-cigarette marketing to teenagers see News Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11: e56For the Perspective on how the FDA can help in smoking cessation see N Engl J Med 2023; 388: 1540–42For more on the availability of varenicline see Spotlight Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11: 518For more on the “swap to stop” UK initiative see News Lancet Oncol 2023; 24: 437 The European Conference on Tobacco or Health (ECToH) was held in Madrid, Spain, from April 26-28, 2023 For more on the ERS statement see Eur Respir J 2023; 61: 2300134 For more on the Australian vaping plans see World Report Lancet 2023; 401: 1557 For more on the settlement of the lawsuits for e-cigarette marketing to teenagers see News Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11: e56 For the Perspective on how the FDA can help in smoking cessation see N Engl J Med 2023; 388: 1540–42 For more on the availability of varenicline see Spotlight Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11: 518 For more on the “swap to stop” UK initiative see News Lancet Oncol 2023; 24: 437 | [
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https://openalex.org/W2540534836 | Infant mortality in Kuwait and problems of its solution | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2540534836 | Currently, the health care system of Kuwait is one of the best in the Persian region. Medical services are provided free to all segments of the population. Primary care is provided by health centers, the Centers for maternal and child health, school health center, ambulance and family doctors. The second level of health care provided by hospitals located in each region. And the highest, third level includes a large number of specialized clinics. In 1987 was opened globally unique Islamic Center of Medicine, which is practical and scientific object studied and used traditional methods of treatment. Government of Kuwait has been effectively solved the problem of reducing the infant mortality rate in the country. Kuwait Fund was established for future generations, where 10 % of annual lists of oil revenues. Due to it is also funded free medical care. Measures to reduce infant mortality in Kuwait have been launched in the late 80s of last century. In Kuwait was first used strategy INSURE (INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation – intubation-surfactantextubation) in hospitals where simply missing ventilators. Prematurely with respiratory distress syndrome endotracheally administered bolus surfactant and extubated immediately. While the overwhelming majority of newborns stoped manifestations of respiratory distress syndrome. To reduce infant mortality, including neonatal, the government conducted a range of activities aimed at preventing infections, improving maternal nutrition, improving perinatal care delivery and improve cardio-pulmonary resuscitation of the newborn, ensuring the availability of medicines for children. These activities require research and political will. Due to the success of public health policies in the field of infant mortality in the country has made significant reductions: from 10.87: deaths on 1,000 live births in 2002 to 7.68 deaths on 1,000 live births in 2013. Currently is very high and the level of training of doctors and health workers, especially in the country at the invitation of working professionals from around the world. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4382931493 | Awareness of celiac disease among the public in Kuwait: a cross-sectional survey | [
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{
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"display_name": "Family medicine",
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"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2030841133",
"https://openalex.org/W2046389317",
"https://openalex.org/W2058949470",
"https://openalex.org/W2124436120",
"https://openalex.org/W2139862476",
"https://openalex.org/W2560449667",
"https://openalex.org/W2623703952",
"https://openalex.org/W2792440444",
"https://openalex.org/W2806526458",
"https://openalex.org/W2891504521",
"https://openalex.org/W2962821767",
"https://openalex.org/W3033074838",
"https://openalex.org/W3043998225",
"https://openalex.org/W3129072394",
"https://openalex.org/W3161110778",
"https://openalex.org/W3210087185",
"https://openalex.org/W4376864807"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4382931493 | Abstract Objective Health literacy levels among the general population predict better health outcomes and uptake of health services. Inequities in health literacy and uptake of health services are often observed in deprived neighborhoods. There is a paucity of data on literacy regarding celiac disease in Kuwait. Therefore, the present survey aims to address this paucity of data. Results We conducted a survey of 350 respondents in six governates of Kuwait. Although around 51% of respondents were aware of peanut allergy and gluten sensitivity, less than 15% were aware of celiac disease. More than 40% of respondents reported that a gluten-free diet should be promoted for everyone. Better awareness regarding CD was associated with Kuwaiti nationality, higher education levels and higher age. Among different governates, residents of Al-Asimah reported the highest awareness levels, while the rest of the governates did not differ significantly. While eating behavior did not significantly predict awareness regarding CD. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2911862882 | An assessment of safety climate in Kuwaiti public hospitals | [
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"display_name": "Al Salem",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "F Gheed",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777363581"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776654903"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Safety climate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992901906"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
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{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
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{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Law",
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2911862882 | Background:
Patient safety in healthcare organisations received global attention following the Institute of Medicine’s release of its hallmark report “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System”, where it was estimated that 44,000–98,000 patients die annually in US hospitals as a result of errors in care. Similar rates of error and avoidable harm have been reported in different research studies in many modern health systems across the world. “Safety Culture” has been identified as a key element of healthcare organisations’ ability to learn from errors and reduce preventable harm to patients resulting from health care. The perceived importance of safety culture in improving patient safety and its impact on patient outcomes has led to a growing interest in the assessment of safety culture in healthcare organisations. The use of safety climate questionnaires is one of the most popular methods for assessing safety culture. These questionnaires are thought to help in measuring healthcare workers' perceptions of the prevailing safety culture or “safety climate” in their organisations. Since no surveys of safety climate have been conducted at public hospitals in the state of Kuwait, nor are valid or reliable survey instruments available, this thesis aimed to investigate patient safety climate in public hospitals in Kuwait.
The main objectives of the study were:
1. To identify an existing safety climate tools to be employed in my PhD thesis.
2. To test the psychometric properties of the identified tool in a sample of Kuwaiti public hospitals.
3. To provide a measure of the prevailing safety climate in Kuwaiti public hospitals.
4. To explore with key stakeholders the main findings of the safety climate survey and identify the potential barriers and facilitators to safety improvement initiatives in Kuwaiti public hospitals.
Based on the overall findings, a series of recommendations are made for clinical leaders, policy makers and others to consider and a conceptual model informing a systems’ based approach to safety culture theory and practice is proposed for future research.
Methods:
A multi-method, triangulated approach including both quantitative and qualitative methods was adopted for the study. There were four phases of the research: A systematic review of published literature on safety climate tools used in acute hospital settings was carried out using seven electronic databases, with manual searches of bibliographies of included papers and key journals. A suitable tool was identified. A cross-sectional survey of 1,511 healthcare staff in three public hospitals was conducted for two purposes: Firstly, to assess the psychometric properties of the identified tool and develop an optimum model for assessing safety climate in Kuwaiti hospitals. Secondly, to provide an assessment of the current state of safety climate in Kuwaiti hospitals. Finally, interviews with key personnel were conducted to extend the examination of the survey findings and provide a rounded picture of the current state of safety climate in Kuwaiti public hospitals.
Results:
The search strategy identified 3,576 potential papers. Of these, eighty-eight papers were reviewed, with five studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Three out of five studies, covering three tools, were rated as ‘good’ quality papers and reported more robust psychometric properties. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was selected as the most appropriate for my PhD thesis (in terms of usability, applicability and psychometric properties), and was pilot tested with minor modifications. A modified version of the HSOPSC was used to conduct the survey using a sample of healthcare staff with an 87% (n=1,310) response rate. Results of psychometric evaluation, including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and correlation analysis, showed an optimal model of eight factors and 22 safety climate items. General evaluation of the prevailing safety climate amongst the workforce in acute hospital settings was conducted. The dimensions “Teamwork within units” (84%), “organisational learning-continuous improvement” (82%), “supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting safety” (77%) and “management support for patient safety” (74%) were identified as strongly positive areas for the three hospitals. The dimensions “Non-punitive response to error” (34%), “communication openness” (47%) and “frequency of event reporting” (50%) were identified as areas in need of improvement. Building on the survey findings, interviews with key stakeholders added rich insight into hospital employees' perceptions on safety and allowed exploration of emerging issues in more detail. The research findings of my PhD thesis, and of the literature informed the design of a preliminary framework that aims to extend the examination of the construct of safety climate beyond the domains and items that typically inform safety climate theory to include system wide factors which potentially influence the prevailing safety culture/climate.
Conclusions:
This is the first validation study of a Standardised safety climate measure in a Kuwaiti healthcare setting. The study assessed the psychometric properties of the HSOPSC questionnaire and constructed an optimal model for assessing patient safety climate in Kuwaiti hospitals. It highlighted important patient safety and staff wellbeing concerns to inform organisational and national learning, and provided a baseline for measuring patient safety climate in Kuwaiti hospitals. As such, my PhD thesis raises and emphasizes the critical importance of appropriate validation of safety climate questionnaires before extending their usage in different countries or healthcare contexts. It provided new knowledge about areas of strength and weakness in safety climate with the potential to drive local improvements in Kuwaiti public hospitals.
It is recommended that future investigations of patient safety culture and climate combine both quantitative and qualitative approaches and adopt a system wide approach to inform safety climate theory and questionnaire development, leading to stronger frameworks guiding safety culture research and practice. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2991815960 | Contributing factors to childhood overweight and obesity in Kuwait | [
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"display_name": "Mohammed Alrashidi",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lina Shahwan-Akl",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jennifer James",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Linda D. Jones",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Childhood obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779422640"
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{
"display_name": "Screen time",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781253360"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Demography",
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{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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{
"display_name": "Endocrinology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134018914"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2991815960 | The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in children is a major public health concern in Kuwait. Understanding the contributing factors is key to the development of an effective intervention strategy. This study was designed to identify what factors contribute to overweight and obesity in school-aged children. Method: A cross-sectional study, using questionnaires, was conducted with public intermediate school children (girls and boys) and their parents to elicit information related to the children's daily lifestyle. A total of 635 children aged 11-14 years and their parents (N=635) were surveyed and children's height and weight were measured by school nurses to identify their Body Mass Index. Results: When classified by BMI, about one quarter of the children (25.5%) were overweight and over one third (36.5%) were classified as obese. Multiple regression model found that the BMI of the male children increased significantly with respect to age if they had overweight siblings, spent time on sedentary activities, and regularly ate food from fast food restaurants. The BMI of the female children also increased significantly with respect to age, having overweight siblings, eating at fast food restaurants and for every time not actively travelling to school. Conclusion: The rate of childhood overweight and obesity in Kuwait is currently still high, and Kuwaiti children have been found to be leading unhealthy lifestyles. Involving parents as a part of the solution is an important step in promoting a healthy lifestyle. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4308595133 | Compliance with hand hygiene practices among nursing staff in secondary healthcare hospitals in Kuwait | [
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"display_name": "Sarah Al-Anazi",
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"display_name": "Rawan Al-Hjaili",
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"display_name": "Awsaf Al-Duwaihees",
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"display_name": "Ahad Al-Mutairi",
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"display_name": "Reem Al-Saeedi",
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"display_name": "Retaj Al-Dhaen",
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{
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"https://openalex.org/W4205175489",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4308595133 | Hand hygiene (HH) among healthcare workers, especially nurses, is the main preventive measure to control healthcare associated infections but compliance with hand hygiene (CwHH) remains low in various settings including Kuwait. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of, attitudes towards, and CwHH among nursing staff in secondary care hospitals in Kuwait.A cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing staff in all six secondary care hospitals in Kuwait. Data on knowledge of, attitudes towards, and self-reported CwHH were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that was developed based on WHO's questionnaire, while the data on actual compliance were objectively collected through direct observation of nurses during routine care by two independent observers using WHO's observation form.Of 829 nurses approached, 765 (92.2%) responded and participated. Of all participants, 524 (68.5%) were able to list "My Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" fully and appropriately. However, several misconceptions (e.g. air circulation in hospital is the main route of infection) about HH were found among the nurses. CwHH was (25.0%) by direct observation while self-reported compliance was (69.5%) each varied significantly (p < 0.001) between different hospitals. Female nurses compared to male nurses and non-Arab compared to Arab nationalities were more likely to report CwHH in multivariable analysis. Several items on knowledge of and attitudes towards HH were also associated with self-reported CwHH.Observed CwHH among nursing staff in secondary care hospitals in Kuwait was low, which highlights the need to make more efforts to improve HH practices. Interventions that have been used elsewhere and found to be effective may be tested in Kuwait. Despite the good overall knowledge on HH among nurses, there are several misconceptions that need to be corrected. | [
{
"display_name": "BMC Health Services Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S12898181",
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{
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{
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|
https://openalex.org/W3095795039 | Prevalence of health problems among children and the role of health education in promotion of healthy habits | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
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"display_name": "Hana ALamari",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C46312422"
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{
"display_name": "Neuroscience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2019828932",
"https://openalex.org/W2077902399",
"https://openalex.org/W2091477238"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3095795039 | Purpose Kindergarten children are more susceptible to diseases as they are still in the process of acquiring immunity. The purpose of this study was to assess kindergarten teachers’ and parents' perception of the prevalence of health problems among children in Kuwait and the role of health education in promotion of healthy habits. Design/methodology/approach The methodological aim of this study was to assess the factors that affected kindergarten children's health as children suffered from health problems that affected their quality of life. Therefore, a questionnaire was administered to evaluate kindergarten teachers’ and parents' perception of the main factors that caused increased health problems among children at higher rates than before. A total of 164 teachers and parents were recruited for this study and the questionnaire was completed. Findings The results indicated that kindergarten children suffered from different health problems that affected their quality of life. Lack of health knowledge and education in the society was one of the main reasons for the prevalence of these health problems among young children in Kuwait. The findings offered insight about the importance of health education and promotion in prevention of diseases. Originality/value This study offers insights into how to increase health knowledge and education in the Kuwaiti community to prevent and decrease health problems that affect children's health. | [
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210179777",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2519194808 | Does Reducing Time to Identification of Infectious Agents Reduce Incidence Rates of Norovirus in a Population Deployed to Southwest Asia? | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Missouri State University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I119942284",
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"display_name": "Kip R. Thompson",
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{
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"display_name": "Eric C. Mossel",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Belle Federman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056278684"
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{
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"display_name": "David M. Claborn",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000785552"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Optics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120665830"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2519194808 | During its deployment to Kuwait from 2011-2012, the 983rd Medical Detachment (Preventive Medicine) was augmented with a 4-person laboratory section which provided polymerase chain reaction capabilities not normally associated with an Army Level III preventive medicine detachment. Although common in many civilian laboratories, this was the first time this equipment was used by a deployed Level III Army preventive medicine detachment to identify an outbreak in this theater. It allowed rapid identification and description of a gastrointestinal disease outbreak caused by norovirus in Kuwait. The technology contributed to a decreased time required to identification of the causative agent (hours vs days) and thus the implementation of appropriate preventive measures. Based on this event, the authors suggest the addition of a modified laboratory section to the modified table of organization equipment for deployable preventive medicine detachments. | [
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3004371763 | Hepatitis B Prevention and Care Pathway in Kuwait: Assessing the Current Situation, Identifying Gaps and Recommending Actions | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Fuad Hasan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010623508"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Bahbahani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031138407"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Haifa Askar",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Eid Mansour",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Snehanshu Snehanshu",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nathalie Bassil",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sam Kozma",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084059514"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Saqr Al Suraya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037800594"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Hepatitis B",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777382497"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Virus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522874641"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1526839166",
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"https://openalex.org/W2000307707",
"https://openalex.org/W2012554468",
"https://openalex.org/W2031803514",
"https://openalex.org/W2040103734",
"https://openalex.org/W2053146789",
"https://openalex.org/W2059150481",
"https://openalex.org/W2078873058",
"https://openalex.org/W2102773630",
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"https://openalex.org/W2751884637",
"https://openalex.org/W2899736836"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3004371763 | Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a worldwide public health problem. The last major review of the epidemiology and management of HBV in the Middle East was published in 2011. This paper aims to assess the current situation of the HBV care pathway in Kuwait, identify gaps and barriers therein and recommend initiatives to improve patient management.Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed as well as free internet searches. To provide context to the results and to collect information on areas for which limited evidence was found, interviews and group discussions were held with HBV experts.Results: There is limited evidence on the national prevalence of HBV; however, prevalence is expected to be higher in those >30 years of age born before the introduction of the HBV vaccination program. There is also limited data on the burden of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in the country. Public and health-care provider awareness of various aspects of the disease is perceived to be low. There are several mandated national screening structures; however, there are no country-specific HBV guidelines regarding diagnosis, linkage-to-care, treatmentand follow-up.Conclusion: Although significant improvements have been made in the past 30 years in Kuwait in terms of a decline in prevalence, both the burden due to HBV complications and the coverage of screening and treatment remain unclear. Efforts must be made in all areas of the HBV care pathway to improve morbidity and reduce mortality in Kuwait, and the interventions should be supported by research evidence. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4239393562 | Prevalence of Lead Toxicity in Adolescents in Kuwait | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
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"display_name": "Reem Jallad",
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
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"display_name": "Muddanna S. Rao",
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Abdur Rahman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069042847"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
"display_name": "Cluster sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C183380357"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C44249647"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
"display_name": "Toxicology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33070731"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4239393562 | Abstract Background: Environmental lead (Pb) exposure is a public health problem in many developing and industrialized countries. Being a petrochemical industry-based economy, Pb levels are expected to be high in Kuwait but systematic data on population exposure are lacking. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Pb toxicity in adolescents in Kuwait. Methods: Adolescents (N=1385; age range 11-16 years) were cross-sectionally selected from public middle schools from all Governorates of Kuwait, utilizing multi-stage cluster random sampling. Pb in whole blood was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Pb levels among Governorates and genders were compared by median test and the prevalence of Pb levels above the CDC cutoff (≥5 µg/dL) was estimated by x 2 test. Multiple logistic regression was used for association between prevalence of high Pb levels and Governorate. Results: Median (IQR) Pb was 5.1(3.6 – 7.1) µg/dL [4.9 (3.8 6.5) µg/dL in males and 5.4 (3.3-7.6) µg/dL in females; p=0.001]. In the overall sample, 51% had Pb levels ≥5 µg/dL; 13% were ≥10 µg/dL and 3% >20 µg/dL. Prevalence of Pb ≥5 µg/dL was 47% in males and 56% in females (p<0.001). High Pb levels were clustered in Al-Asima and Al-Ahmadi (in both genders); Al-Jahra (in males) and Mubarak Al-Kabeer (in females) Governorates. Conclusion: Pb exposure is a significant public health problem in adolescents in Kuwait. Urgent public health intervention is required in high Pb exposure areas and further research is needed to identify the sources of exposure in these areas for prevention. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4233331450 | Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Amongst Healthcare Professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country | [
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"display_name": "Mohammad Amjad Kamal",
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"display_name": "Mohammad Abdulwahab",
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"display_name": "Ahmed Al-Zaid",
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"display_name": "Specialty",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Dental surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C16328479"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4233331450 | Abstract Background: Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results: Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates the need to increase awareness especially towards cosmetic surgery procedures, and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public. | [
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4246787177 | Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Amongst Healthcare Professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country | [
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{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
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{
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{
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},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4246787177 | Abstract Background: Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results: Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates the need to increase awareness especially towards cosmetic surgery procedures, and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public. | [
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4253633959 | Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Amongst Healthcare Professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country | [
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"affiliations": [
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"display_name": "Ahmed Al-Zaid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024168731"
}
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4253633959 | Abstract Background Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study indicates the need to increase awareness and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public. | [
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4248312434 | Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty Amongst Healthcare Professionals, and the General Public from a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Country | [
{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210129520",
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"type": "government"
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],
"display_name": "Ahmed Al-Zaid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024168731"
}
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C20387591"
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{
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},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4248312434 | Abstract Background: Oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty has grown rapidly in Kuwait in recent years. However, the general public and healthcare professionals remain unaware of its expanding scope of practice. The aim of the study is to assess public and professional (dental and medical) perception of the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty in Kuwait. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study evaluating responses of dental professionals, medical professionals, and general public in Kuwait toward the oral and maxillofacial surgical specialty using a previously validated survey instrument with 100 participants in each group. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate specialist to treat certain procedures across 4 disciplines: reconstruction, trauma, pathology, and cosmetic. Statistical comparison was conducted between dentists and medical doctors using Fisher’s exact test with a p-value of < 0.05. Results: Disparities were noted each group’s responses. Oral and maxillofacial surgery was preferred overall for most clinical scenarios in trauma (p < 0.001), pathology (p < 0.001), and reconstructive surgery (p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was preferred for cosmetic surgeries (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study indicates the need to increase awareness and conduct health campaigns regarding oral and maxillofacial surgery among healthcare professionals, especially medical doctors, and the general public. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
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|
https://openalex.org/W4206105470 | Regulations of medical devices in Gulf Cooperation Council countries | [
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https://openalex.org/W4210436896 | Youth susceptibility to tobacco use in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, 2001–2018 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210436896 | The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries - Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) - ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2006. Yet, GCC countries predict a slight reduction in tobacco use compared to the Eastern Mediterranean region's significant downward trend. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in self-reported intention to initiating tobacco use (susceptibility) among youth over time in five GCC countries and the relationship between susceptibility and key FCTC provisions. Complex sample logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from the 2001 to 2018 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 349,878 adolescents). Since the ratification of FCTC in GCC countries, susceptibility to initiate tobacco use significantly decreased in Bahrain and Qatar while it increased in UAE (P < 0.001). Exposure to smoking in public places increased the odds of susceptibility to tobacco use in Bahrain (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = [1.2-2.2), Kuwait (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = [1.2-2.0]), Qatar (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = [1.4-2.6]), and UAE (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = [1.6-2.7]). Susceptibility to tobacco use was significantly associated with exposure to tobacco imagery in media in the UAE (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = [1.2-2.3]) and with tobacco industry activities like promotion in Bahrain (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI = [1.9-4.2]) and Kuwait (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI = [1.5-3.1]). In conclusion, the impact of FCTC provisions on tobacco use differs across countries. Findings suggested that the implementation of tobacco control policies may independently influence the initiation of tobacco use. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4292289488 | Investigating the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on environmental health in Kuwait | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4292289488 | The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. In response, the State of Kuwait applied a series of three lockdown measures in 2020. Previous research highlighted the positive impact of lockdown measures on environmental health and safety by reducing air pollution levels. While this prior work demonstrated the effectiveness of lockdown measures on reducing pollution levels in different geographical locations, there is limited evidence that shows whether the lockdowns implemented in Kuwait were effective in terms of reducing air pollution. Thus, the main goal of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown measures taken in Kuwait on the concentrations of the following pollutants: Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5), Particulate Matter 10 (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Ozone (O3). Data from two different air monitoring stations (Aljahra and Alahmadi) was used to compare pollution levels from three lockdown intervals – two partial lockdowns and one total lockdown. A sequential approach was utilized in the current study where air quality data during the three lockdown periods was compared with air quality data during the pre-lockdown period. The main findings indicated that NO2 concentrations decreased by 48%, 63%, and 48% after the first partial, total lockdown, and second partial lockdowns, respectively in Aljahra station. Meanwhile, Ozone concentrations increased by 30-100% across all lockdown periods for both stations. Finally, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations did not decrease after the total lockdown. This research urges public policy experts to consider immediate measures to mitigate the environmental, health, and safety risks posed by air pollution. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4285364570 | The informational role of social media in acquiring Coronavirus health knowledge: Kuwait as an example | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4285364570 | The recent Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was of particular concern for the public worldwide due to its threat on patients’ health and life. This study aims to determine the proportion of Kuwaitis who obtained COVID-19 virus- and health-related information through the social media and to detect the socio-demographic factors that could affect the use of social media for seeking information on viruses in general and COVID-19 in particular. An electronic questionnaire was the major tool of study and was distributed to 2,108 Kuwaiti participants who use social media. The questionnaire was composed of respondents' demographic information, the degree of COVID-19 news, the information gained through social and traditional media tools, and the extent of using social media tools. Data show that there were significant differences between males and females in the Corona Symptoms Knowledge Scale (CSKS), Corona General Health Knowledge Scale (CGHKS), and Social Media Trust Scale (SMTS). There were significant differences among the age categories regarding the amount of general health knowledge gained through social media as well as the amount of knowledge gained regarding Coronavirus symptoms. The degree of trust in social media also differed between age groups. For the social media platform, WhatsApp was the preferred social media tool to utilize for news about Coronavirus. For the traditional media, official Kuwaiti TV channels was the first media preference for following news. Public health workshops are needed to educate the community on how to find official health-related information sites using the internet and social media platforms during the disease outbreak. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4387393781 | Mental Health program integration into Primary Health Care: Results of a Project Implemented at Yarmouk Health Care Center & Capital Health Primary Care Center, Kuwait | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387393781 | Objective: World Health Organization (WHO) identified a gap in meeting mental health care needs in the health services. To bridge this gap, at Yarmouk Primary Health Care Center and Capital Health District area in Kuwait, it was decided to implement a best practice model, for integrating mental health services into primary health care services in Kuwait. Methodology: Implementation of the best practice model, for integrating mental health services into primary care services in Kuwait’s health system was initiated in 2008. It involved the integration of cost–effective, feasible evidence-based interventions for mental health conditions in Primary Health Care (PHC) and other priority health programs. It envisioned a mental health component in PHC, to enhance access to mental health care and improve identification and treatment rates for priority mental disorders, to provide holistic care for particularly disabling comorbid physical and mental health problems, and to engage in mental health promotion. Results: The program was initiated in 12 primary mental health care clinics in the Capital Health District area in Kuwait. Two hundred (200) Family Physicians and General Practitioners, were trained in psychiatric integration within the primary health care system. Regular evaluation of the performance of physicians working in primary mental health clinics in the program was ensured. Periodic evaluation of psychiatric patient visits in the Primary mental health clinics was conducted for quality improvement. Mental health awareness days and educational sessions were organized. Discussion: A practice model for integrating mental health services into primary care was developed in Kuwait, involving stakeholders. Its favorable impact on mental health in the community is undergoing scrutiny. Limitations such as human resource shortage and, movement of trained physicians from primary care to other administrative departments in the Ministry of Health (MOH), coupled with a lack of relevant data and the need for better coordination between stakeholders, were identified. Issues regarding electronic health records, patient confidentiality, and quality of services were identified. Stigma related to mental health issues resulted in a delay in implementing the integration. Conclusion: With increasing psychiatric illnesses and a lack of adequate specialized mental health services, addressing this issue at the primary care level offers an attractive cost-effective option to deal with the crisis. Keywords: Mental Health, Primary Health Care, Integration, Health system, Family Physician | [
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https://openalex.org/W2112857108 | Lead Exposure in Children: The Need for Professional and Public Education | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2112857108 | Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 477, Issue 1 p. 322-328 Lead Exposure in Children: The Need for Professional and Public Education ROBERT GUTHRIE, ROBERT GUTHRIE Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, New York 14214Search for more papers by this author ROBERT GUTHRIE, ROBERT GUTHRIE Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, New York 14214Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb40352.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES 1 Rosner, D. & G. Markowitz 1985. A “gift of God?”: The public health controversy over leaded gasoline during the 1920s. Am. J. Public Health 75 (4): 344–352. 2 Needleman, H. L., C. Gunnoe, A. Leviton, R. Reed, H. Peresie, C. Maher & P. Barrett 1979. Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance of children with elevated dentine lead levels. N. Engl. J. Med. 300 (13): 689–695. 3 Otto, D., V. Benignus, K. Muller, C. Batonn, K. Seiple, J. Prah & S. Schroeder 1982. Effects of low to moderate lead exposure on slow cortical potentials in young children: Two-year follow-up study. Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 4: 733–737. 4 Needleman, H. L. 1980. Low-Level Lead Exposure: The Clinical Implications of Current Research. Raven Press. New York . 5 Centers for Disease Control. 1985. Preventing lead poisoning in young children: A statement by the center for disease control. January 1985. Department of Health and Human Services. Atlanta , Georgia . 6 Annest, J. L., D. O'Connell, J. Roberts & R. S. Murphy 1981. Blood lead levels from the second national health and nutrition examination survey, 1976–1980. In Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention and Control: A Public Health Approach to an Environmental Disease. F. F. Cherry, Ed.: 93–102. Department of Health and Human Resources. New Orleans , LA . 7 Annest, J. L. 1982. Blood-lead levels in U.S. population. Morbid. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 31: (1): 132–134. 8 Guthrie, R. 1961. Blood screening for phenylketonuria. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 178: 863. 9 Guthrie, R. & A. Susi 1963. A simple phenylalanine method for detecting phenylketonuria in large populations of newborn infants. Pediatrics 32: 338–343. 10 Guthrie, R. 1972. Mass screening for genetic disease. Hosp. Pract. 7: 93–100. 11 Guthrie, R. 1980. The organization of a regional newborn screening laboratory. In Neonatal Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism. H. Bickel, R. Guthrie & G. Hammersen, Eds.: 259–270. Springer-Verlag. Heidelberg . 12 Piomelli, S., B. Davidow, V. F. Guinee, P. Young & G. Gay 1973. A Screening Micromethod for Lead Poisoning. Pediatrics 51: 254–259. 13 Orfanos, A. P., W. H. Murphey & R. Guthrie 1977. A simple fluorometric assay of protoporphyrin in erythrocytes (EPP) as a screening test for lead poisoning. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 89: 659–665. 14 Guthrie, R., A. P. Orfanos, K. Widger, D. Nadler & C. Francemone 1985. Lead exposure in suburban and rural children: Results of a screening program. Am. J. Public Health. Submitted for publication. 15 Houk, V. N. 1981. Lead poisoning prevention services. In Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention and Control. A Public Health Approach to an Environmental Disease. F. F. Cherry, Ed.: 21–27. Department of Health and Human Resources. New Orleans , LA . 16 Assistant Surgeon General. 1982. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) screening of children for undue lead exposure and iron deficiency. Bureau of Health Care Delivery and Assistance Regional Memorandum 82–15. November 10. 17 Shaltout, A., S. A. Yaish & N. Fernando 1981. Lead encephalopathy in infants in Kuwait: A study of 20 infants with particular reference to clinical presentation and source of lead poisoning. Ann. Trop. Paediatr. 1: 209–215. 18 Shaltout, A. A., M. M. Ghawaby, M. C. M. Hunt & R. Guthrie 1985. High incidence of lead poisoning detected by FEP screening in arabian children. In Science and Services in Mental Retardation. J. M. Berg, Ed. Methuen & Co., Ltd. London . In press. Citing Literature Volume477, Issue1Mental Retardation: Research, Education, and Technology TransferDecember 1986Pages 322-328 ReferencesRelatedInformation | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4300689286 | The corona virus disease pandemic (COVID-19) is one of the recent issues that spread in the world, which disrupted life, impacted the economy, and led to heavy losses, whether for government sectors or private companies. This paper focuses on the Kuwait public transport company KPTC and Kuwait Airways’ experience during the pandemic, since they incurred major losses due to the decline of their users. Public transport is a place to catch COVID-19, as it is subjected to the use of a large number of passengers daily within a small closed environment. The causes that led to the spread of the virus among public transport users and develop solutions to limit its spread and preserve public transport pioneer’s safety were discussed in the paper. Additionally, the environmental impact resulting from the reduction of public transportation using was also addressed. Data was obtained from the KPTC, Kuwait Airways office, the Ministry of Health (MOH) database, and the Environment Public Authority (EPA) database. A questionnaire was distributed to public transport users to determine the reasons for the decline in its user’s number and their aspirations to reconsider their use and ensure their satisfaction. For airplane data, the risk of importation of COVID-19 was calculated. For KPTC data, COVID-19 impact on the emissions generated per passenger-km was computed where the emissions were estimated by MOVES. The survey responses were statically analyzed using the chi-square test on the SPSS program, and they were compared to numerical analysis results. The results showed the impact of COVID-19 on people’s willingness to use public transportation which was associated with the increase in the number of buses to implement social distancing has negatively affected the environment. Thus, a comprehensive strategy solution was presented consisting of three basic approaches: providing a healthy, risk-free environment for public transportation users, achieving social distancing at a low cost to offset the losses, and ensuring a healthy environment. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2416705295 | An Epidemic of Obesity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | [
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"Kuwait",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2416705295 | Letters to the EditorAn Epidemic of Obesity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Mohammed AhmedFACP, FACE Mohammed Ahmed Consultant, Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, MBC-46, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia Search for more papers by this author Published Online::24 Apr 2019https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.1997.667SectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail AboutIntroductionTo the Editor: There has recently been a series of articles in your journal1–5 regarding the important public health problem of obesity, which appears to have reached an epidemic proportion in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other areas of the Middle East.Al-Nuaim has addressed an important local issue of the prevalence of overweight and obesity, along with regional variations of the problem in the Kingdom. As pointed out in the study, the prevalence of obesity among subjects over the age of 40 years has reached an epidemic proportionand is expected to get worse.3 The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi subjects over the age of 15 years is reported to be 29% and 15%, respectively, for males, and 27% and 24%, respectively, for females.6 El-Hazmy and Warsy have reported similar figures of the prevalence of overweight and obesity, in a large population-based study consisting of 14,660 Saudi males and females over the age of 14 years, drawn from 35 different areas of the country.4 These are some of the highest published figures. As the authors state, there is an urgent need to establish a national program for prevention and treatment of obesity and related complications. For this to materialize, it is necessary to undertake a scientific approach to define clearly the factors responsible for this epidemic that is confronting the Saudi people.Al-Nuaim points out that the factors affecting the prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia are open to speculation and may include social, cultural, economic and nutritional. El-Hazmi has also attributed it to multiple factors.4 Genetic factors are also important. In most humans, body fatness is a continuous quantitative trait which reflects the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. In view of the high incidence of consanguinity in Saudi Arabia, genetic factors would unquestionably be very important. Studies in families, twins and adoptees indicate that as many as 80 variances in the body-mass index could be attributed to genetic factors.7With regards to environmental factors, we agree with El-Hazmy and Warsy that high consumption of dates and carbohydrate-rich foods may have an important contributory role in the pathogenesis of obesity and related complications. We have studied the metabolic consequences of date fruit ingestion, and compared these with those of a standard Saudi meal (unpublished observations). The combination meal was designed to mimic very closely the real life situation in the Saudi culture. Ingestion of twice as many (600) calories and greater carbohydrate content as those contained in the date meal alone resulted in significantly greater (P=<0.5) insulin and C-peptide responses. The combination meal resulted in substantial positive deflections in both plasma glucose and insulin values—a metabolic milieu potentially conducive to positive caloric balance, including lipogenesis. Adipocytes store fatty acids along with carbon atoms in the form of triacylglycerols under conditions of excess substrate availability. Consumption of surplus calories, duplicated under the conditions of the combination meal ingestion, could lead to deposition of surplus calories in adipose tissue as reserve energy resulting in obesity. This may represent a unique instance of obesity as a consequence of culturally inbred eating habits among Saudis, a population reportedly harboring the world's highest incidence of diabetes mellitus,10 asituation that has potential for correction, since as small a weight loss as 5 kg is shown to decrease the risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes by 50%.11ARTICLE REFERENCES:1. Hamilton CJCM, Jaroudi KA, Sieck UV. "High prevalence of obesity in Saudi infertility population" . Ann Saudi Med. 1995; 15:344–6. Google Scholar2. Al-Shammari SA, Khoja TA, Al-Maatouq MA. "The prevalence of obesity among Saudi males in the Riyadh region" . Ann Saudi Med. 1996; 16:269–73. Google Scholar3. Al-Nuaim A. "Population-based epidemiological study of theprevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia, regional variations" . Ann Saudi Med. 1997; 17:195–9. Google Scholar4. El-Hazmy MAF, Warsy AS. "Prevalence of obesity in the Saudi population" . Ann Saudi Med. 1997; 17:302–6. Google Scholar5. Al-Isa AN. "Changes in the body mass index and prevalence of obesity among Kuwaiti women attending health clinics" . Ann Saudi Med. 1997; 17:307–11. Google Scholar6. Al-Nuaim A, Al-Rubeaan KA, Al-Mazrou Y, et al.. "High prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia" . Int J Obes Relat Met Disord. 1996; 20:547–55. Google Scholar7. Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Hirsch J. "Obesity" . N Engl J Med (Review Article), Med Prog. 1997; 337:396–407. Google Scholar8. Ahmed M. "Metabolic responses to ingestion of dates" . Saudi Med J. 1993; 14:480–1. Google Scholar9. Ahmed M, Al-Othaimeen A, De Vol E, Bold A. "Comparative responses to plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide following ingestion of isocaloric glucose, a modified urban Saudi breakfast and dates in normal Saudi persons" . Ann Saudi Med. 1991; 11:414–7. Google Scholar10. Al-Nuaim AR, Al-Rubeaan K, Al-Mazrou Y, et al.. "National chronic metabolic disease survey (Part 1). Jointly published by Ministry of Health and King Saud University" ., Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1995. Google Scholar11. Colditz GA, Willet WC, Rotnitzky , et al.. "Weight gain in women as a risk factor for clinical diabetes in women" . Ann Inter Med. 1995; 122:481–6. Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 17, Issue 6November 1997 Metrics History Published online24 April 2019 InformationCopyright © 1997, Annals of Saudi MedicinePDF download | [
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https://openalex.org/W4323661875 | Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking and Associated Risk Factors Among Public Sector Employees in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study | [
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"Kuwait"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4323661875 | Introduction There needs to be more evidence about the tobacco products utilized by individuals who smoke and the primary determinants contributing to the development of smoking behavior. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with using one or more tobacco products among employees from various ministries in Kuwait. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among employees in different ministries in Kuwait from December 27, 2018, to January 3, 2019. A questionnaire about smoking status and socio-demographic variables was used. Results There was a total of 1057 participants in this study. Of the participants, 26% (n=275) reported using at least one tobacco product. The proportion of smoking of at least one tobacco product was higher among men (n=243, 46.5%) than women (n=32, 6%). Among smokers, 1.5%, 5.9%, and 18.6% reportedly use only three, two, and one tobacco products, respectively. Of the study participants, 26% were smokers, 20.3% were exclusively cigarette smokers, and 21.8% reportedly started cigarette smoking at the age of 15 years or less. Male compared to female workers had higher odds of being smokers of at least one tobacco product (adjusted OR= 15.3, 95% CI= 10.0-23.4). Participants were significantly (p= 0.009) more likely to use at least one tobacco product if their monthly income in Kuwaiti Dinars ranged from 501-1000 KD (adjusted OR= 1.9, 95% CI= 1.2-3.0) or 1501-2000 KD (adjusted OR= 2.3, 95% CI= 1.2-4.5) compared to those who had monthly income range 500 KD or less. Conclusion The male gender and high income of the participants were significant predictors of the use of at least one tobacco product. Anti-smoking campaigns, mass media interventions, and increasing tobacco product taxes may minimize this population's tobacco consumption. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3161957600 | Waiting for AIDS in Kuwait | [
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"Kuwait"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3161957600 | Abstract The HIV/AIDS pandemic evoked anxieties that were tied to Kuwait’s particular histories of gendered citizenship and dislocations of globalized labor. In Kuwait, to the best of our knowledge, HIV/AIDS has not reached epidemic levels. But in the midst of global discussions of HIV/AIDS in the late 1980s and early 1990s, anxiety surrounding Kuwait’s integration into transnational networks of travel and tourism brought tensions over gender roles, citizenship, sexuality, and infidelity to the forefront of public discourse. Drawing on local Arabic-language newspapers, public health campaign material, and state-sponsored publications on Islamic interpretations of HIV/AIDS, this article examines the significance of AIDS in a region where reactions to the pandemic centered on the process of constructing a potential medical event. Citizens and noncitizen residents of Kuwait articulated these anxieties in the context of waiting—waiting to be infected, waiting for a national outbreak, waiting in quarantine, and, for noncitizens who tested positive for HIV, waiting to be deported. By the mid-1990s, this process of anticipating and taking concrete legal measures to prevent a future epidemic resulted in the medicalization of social and political patterns of gender inequality, nativism, and differential citizenship. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2286640379 | Buggy (ATV) accidents-an emerging public health problem in Kuwait | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2286640379 | Objective: To assess the severity of All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) injuries and its impact on public health in Kuwait. Design: Retrospective study conducted between January 2002 and August 2003. Setting: Accident and Emergency (A&E) department of Adan Hospital, Kuwait. Subjects and methods: Medical records of 462 consecutive ATV accident victims seen at the A&E department of Adan Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Out of 462 patients, 364 (78.8%). Their ages ranged from 3.5 to 63 years (mean = 17.8 years). Out of 462 patients, 107 (23%) required admission to the hospital. 18.6% of these admissions (20/107) required ICU care. Fractures of extremities were common among admitted cases (44/107, 41%). Tibia, fibula and femur were the most common bones involved in these accidents. The face was the commonest site of injury in all patients. Conclusion: The ATV accidents result in significant head injuries, fractures of extremities and skin injuries. Imposing an age limit and implementing state licensing, safety programs and the compulsory use of safety gear are required to reduce mortality and morbidity from this form of recreational riding. Language: en | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4316814203 | An ecological study of the burden of road traffic crashes in the Middle East and North Africa | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4316814203 | Road traffic injuries (RTIs) and deaths constitute a serious preventable global public health problem.To analyse time trends of age-standardized mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by RTIs in 23 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries; and to assess the correlation between national implementation of best practice for road safety recommended by the World Health Organization, national income level, and RTI burden.Time trend analysis over 17 years (2000-2016) was conducted using Joinpoint regression. An overall score was calculated for each country to assess implementation of best practice for road safety.Mortality decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in Islamic Republic of Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, and Tunisia. In most MENA countries, DALYs increased but they significantly decreased in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The score calculated varied widely among the MENA countries. In 2016, no correlation was identified between the overall score and mortality and DALYs. National income was not associated with RTI mortality or the calculated overall score.Countries in the MENA region had varying levels of success in reducing the burden from RTIs. During the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2021-2030, MENA countries can achieve optimal road safety by implementing measures that are customized for the local context, such as law enforcement and public education. Other focus areas for improving road safety are building capacity in sustainable safety management and leadership, improving vehicle standards, and addressing gaps in areas such as use of child restraint.دراسة ايكولوجية للعبء الناجم عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا.كريمة شعبنة، ساثياناريانان دورايسوايي، رافيندر مامتاني، سهيلة شِمَّة.تمثل الإصابات والوفيات الناجمة عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق مشكلة صحية عامة عالمية جسيمة يمكن الوقاية منها.هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تحليل الاتجاهات الزمنية لمعدلات الوفيات الموحَّدة حسب السن وسنوات العمر المُصححة باحتساب مُدَد الإعاقة الناجمة عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق في 23 بلدًا من بلدان الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا؛ فضلًًا عن تقييم الارتباط بين تنفيذ أفضل الممارسات المتعلقة بالسلامة على الطرق التي توصي بها منظمة الصحة العالمية على المستوى الوطني، ومستوى الدخل الوطني، والعبء الناجم عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق.أُجريَ تحليل انحدار للاتجاهات الزمنية على امتداد 17 عامًا (2016-2000) باستخدام برنامج Joinpoint الحاسوبي. واحتُسِبَت الدرجة الإجمالية لكل بلد لتقييم مستوى تنفيذ أفضل الممارسات المتعلقة بالسلامة على الطرق.انخفضت الوفيات على نحو ملحوظ (القيمة الاحتمالية أقل من 0.05) في كل من قطر وعُمان والكويت والمغرب وجمهورية إيران الإسلامية ولبنان وتونس والأردن. وزادت سنوات العمر المصحَّحة باحتساب مُدَد الإعاقة في معظم بلدان منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا، بينما انخفضت على نحو يُعتدُّ به في جمهورية إيران الإسلامية. وتباينت الدرجات المحسوبة تباينًا واسعًا بين بلدان المنطقة. وفي عام 2016، لم يُكشف عن أي ارتباط بين الدرجة الإجمالية ومعدل الوفيات وسنوات العمر المصحَّحة باحتساب مُدَد الإعاقة. وأيضًا لم يكن الدخل القومي مرتبطًا بالوفيات الناجمة عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق أو الدرجة الإجمالية المحسوبة.حققت بلدان منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا مستويات متفاوتة من النجاح، فيما يتعلق بتخفيف العبء الناجم عن التصادمات المرورية على الطرق. وخلال عقد العمل من أجل السلامة على الطرق 2021-2030، يمكن لبُلدان منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا توخِّي المستوى الأمثل من السلامة على الطرق من خلال تنفيذ تدابير مُصمَّمة خصيصًا لتناسب السياق المحلي، مثل إنفاذ القانون وتثقيف الجمهور. وتتضمن مجالات التركيز الأخرى المتصلة بتحسين السلامة على الطرق بناء القدرات في مجالََي الإدارة والقيادة لتحقيق السلامة المستدامة على الطرق، وتحسين معايير المركبات، وسد الفجوات في مجالات من قبيل استخدام أدوات تقييد حركة الأطفال في المركبات.Étude écologique de la charge des accidents de la circulation au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord.Les traumatismes et les décès dus aux accidents de la circulation constituent un problème de santé publique mondial grave et évitable.Analyser les tendances dans le temps des taux de mortalité standardisés selon l'âge et des années de vie ajustées sur l'incapacité (DALY) causés par les traumatismes dus aux accidents de la circulation dans 23 pays du Moyen-Orient et d'Afrique du Nord ; et évaluer la corrélation entre la mise en œuvre au niveau national des meilleures pratiques en matière de sécurité routière recommandées par l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé, le niveau de revenu national et la charge des traumatismes dus aux accidents de la circulation.Une analyse des tendances temporelles sur une période de 17 ans (2000-2016) a été réalisée à l'aide de la régression Joinpoint. Un score global a été calculé pour chaque pays afin d'évaluer la mise en œuvre des meilleures pratiques en matière de sécurité routière.La mortalité a considérablement diminué (p < 0,05) en République islamique d'Iran, en Jordanie, au Koweït, au Liban, au Maroc, à Oman, au Qatar et en Tunisie. Dans la plupart des pays du Moyen-Orient et d'Afrique du Nord, les DALY ont augmenté, mais elles ont diminué de manière significative en République islamique d'Iran. Le score calculé variait considérablement entre ces pays. En 2016, aucune corrélation n'a été identifiée entre le score global, la mortalité et les DALY. Le revenu national n'était pas associé à la mortalité liée aux traumatismes dus aux accidents de la circulation ou au score global calculé.Les pays du Moyen-Orient et d'Afrique du Nord ont obtenu des résultats variables en matière de réduction de la charge des traumatismes dus aux accidents de la circulation. Au cours de la Décennie d'action pour la sécurité routière 2021-2030, les pays du Moyen-Orient et d'Afrique du Nord peuvent atteindre un niveau de sécurité routière optimal en mettant en œuvre des mesures adaptées au contexte local, telles que l'application de la législation et la sensibilisation du public. D'autres domaines prioritaires qui visent à promouvoir la sécurité routière consistent à renforcer les capacités en matière de gestion durable de la sécurité et de leadership, à améliorer les normes relatives aux véhicules et à combler les lacunes concernant certains aspects tels que l'utilisation des dispositifs de retenue pour enfants. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2461502462 | Seasonal variation in hemoglobin concentration in non-agricultural populations under various climatic conditions. | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2461502462 | Hemoglobin concentrations and red blood cell counts were repeatedly determined once every four seasons of the year in 324 apparently healthy adults (181 men and 143 women) in 15 groups at 7 locations (from the northern-most at Sapporo to the southern-most at Bangkok) in 4 Asian countries of different climatic conditions. Work intensity of the subjects was essentially constant throughout the year. Both hematological variables were significantly lower in summer than in winter in the areas where seasonal variation in the outdoor temperature was pronounced, i.e., higher than 20°C in summer and lower than 5°C in winter. There was essentially no seasonal change in hemoglobin concentration or red blood cell counts where the temperature stays between 25 and 30°C throughout the year. The seasonal variation in hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell counts appeared to be due to temperature and not to relative humidity. When the work rooms were air-conditioned, no seasonal change in the blood variables of the subjects was observed. Anemia is one of the major occupational and public health problems in many countries (World Health Organization 1968, 1972, 1975). This is especially true 1This work was supported in part by research grants from Toyota Foundation for 1980-1982 (No. 80-1-25 and 81-1-121). 2Department of Environmental Health, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980, Japan. 3Present address: Center of Occupational Medicine, Tohoku Rosai Hospital, Sendai 980, Japan institute for Environmental Health, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 1 10, Korea. 5National Organic Chemicals Industries, Ltd., Thana, Maharashtra, India. 6Present address: Bader Al Mulla & Brothers Co. W.L.L., Safat, Kuwait 7Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 7, Thailand. 8Department of Public Health, Fuji Women's College, Sapporo 001, Japan. 9Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060, Japan. 10Health Administration Department, Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd., Waki-cho, Yamaguchi Prefecture 740, Japan. 11 Shiga Association of Occupational Medicine, Ohstu 520, Japan. Human Biology, April 1986, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 189-196 © Wayne State University Press, 1986 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.102 on Sun, 31 Jul 2016 05:06:37 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 190 / MASAYUKI IKEDA ET AL. in the field of agricultural medicine, e.g., underlying nutritional anemia may be aggravated by hard work (Lindemann et al. 1978), an exhausting, hot climate or both. The present study was initiated to obtain baseline data of hemoglobin concentrations and red blood cell counts in the four seasons of the year. Efforts were made to distinguish seasonal variation, if any, in these variables from changes due to work intensity. Materials and Methods The volunteers who participated in the study consisted of 324 apparently healthy adults (181 men and 143 women) in 15 groups at 7 locations in 4 Asian countries as summarized in Table 1. They were selected so that there was no remarkable variation in work intensity throughout the period of the study; 4 groups were university students excluding any athletes, and the remaining 11 groups were either clerks in offices or workers in factories where the production rates were essentially constant. Hematological studies were conducted in 6 laboratories as shown in Table 1. The examinations were repeated 4 times a year (i.e., once in each season) at the time periods shown in Table 2. Late in the morning, the blood samples were taken either from the cubital vein (Groups 1 to 7 and 12 to 15) or by finger stick (Groups 8 to 11) while the subjects were in a sitting position (Hagan et al. 1978). High correlations had been established between venous and fingertip blood findings (Fahey et al. 1977), although values by the latter method may overestimate the true values. The hemoglobin concentrations were determined by the cyanomethemoglobin method and red blood cells were counted utilizing Coulter Counters Model D. It should be noted that no opportunity was available to make cross-checks between laboratories in the hematology study and, therefore, quality control was made only on an intralaboratory basis. Thus the results in Table 2 cannot be compared between laboratories. It should also be added that, because of technical limitations, hemoglobin determinations were generally considered more precise than the red blood cell counts. Monthly average outdoor dry bulb temperature and relative humidity were cited from a publication of the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory (1977). The data for Seoul were from annual reports of the Central Meterological Office, Seoul (1981, 1982, 1983 and 1984) and the average values for 1981-1984 were shown. Statistical evaluations were carried out using the variance ratio test for analysis of variance and the Studentized range test to identify significant differences between means. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.102 on Sun, 31 Jul 2016 05:06:37 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms | [
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https://openalex.org/W2188356178 | AVANCES EN DIABETOLOGÍA | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2188356178 | The rapid pace of socioeconomic development in the Arabian Gulf nations and the rapidly changing environment are probably determining the altering scenario of child and adolescent nutrition in the developed societies. The rapid urbanization in everyday life, accom- panied by decreased levels of physical activity and increased caloric intake of non-traditional food has become responsible for the emerging of obesity in children and adolescents as a major public health issue in these countries. The six Arabian Gulf nations are a good example for this developmental transition and its consequences. Prevalence is high among Kuwaiti and Saudi pre-school children (8---9%), and among the highest in the world among Kuwaiti adolescents (40---46%), taking into account that different standard of assessment of obesity are used. Although data on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in children in the region are sparse, both morbidities are expected to rise, knowing the strong association between obesity and T2DM in the adult population. Preven- tion strategies need the collaborative efforts of governmental and community-led agencies to establish long-term programs to improve health education, targeting young children and their families. Healthy eating and physical activity should be promoted and encouraged in schools, nurseries, and child care settings. This article gives an overview of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in the 6-Arabian Gulf countries. It will also address possible strategies for the prevention and management of this major health epidemic. © 2012 Sociedad Espanola de Diabetes. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W4321782166 | Optimizing a mHealth Program to Promote a Type II Diabetes Prevention in High-Risk Individuals Our Experience and Lessons Learned. (Preprint) | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4321782166 | <sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> We evaluated the outcomes of a pilot SMS text messaging–based public health campaign that identified social networking nodes and variations of response rates to develop a list of variables that could be used to analyze and develop an outreach strategy that would maximize the impact of future public health campaigns planned for Kuwait. Computational analysis of connections has been used to analyze the spread of infectious diseases, dissemination of new thoughts and ideas, efficiency of logistics networks, and even public health care campaigns. Percolation theory network analysis provides a mathematical alternative to more established heuristic approaches that have been used to optimize network development. We report on a pilot study designed to identify and treat subjects at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in Kuwait. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The aim of this study was to identify ways to optimize efficient deployment of resources and improve response rates in a public health campaign by using variables identified in this secondary analysis of our previously published data (Alqabandi et al, 2020). This analysis identified key variables that could be used in a computational analysis to plan for future public health campaigns. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> SMS text message screening posts were sent inviting recipients to answer 6 questions to determine their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. If subjects agreed to participate, a link to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention prediabetes screening test was automatically transmitted to their mobile devices. The phone numbers used in this campaign were recorded and compared to the responses received through SMS text messaging and social media forwarding. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> A total of 180,000 SMS text messages through 5 different campaigns were sent to 6% of the adult population in Kuwait. A total of 260 individuals agreed to participate, of which 153 (58.8%) completed the screening. Remarkably, 367 additional surveys were received from individuals who were not invited by the original circulated SMS text messages. These individuals were invited through forwarded surveys from the original recipients after authentication with the study center. The original SMS text messages were found to successfully identify influencers in existing social networks to improve the efficacy of the public health campaign. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> SMS text messaging–based health care screening campaigns were found to have limited effectiveness alone; however, the increased reach through shared second-party forwarding suggests the potential of exponentially expanding the reach of the study and identifying a higher percentage of eligible candidates through the use of percolation theory. Future research should be directed toward designing SMS text messaging campaigns that support a combination of SMS text message invitations and social networks along with identification of influential nodes and key variables, which are likely unique to the environment and cultural background of the population, using percolation theory modeling and chatbots. </sec> | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3207766683 | Social Attitudes, Behavior, and Consequences surrounding COVID-19 in Qatar: Findings from a Large-scale Online Survey V2H Operations | [
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Qatar"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3207766683 | Amid the outbreak of the contagious novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), states were put in an unprecedented situation never encountered before. Qatari authorities applied certain preventive measures to contain the spread of the virus. Still, knowledge of public risk perceptions and behavioral responses surrounding the COVID-19 epidemic is emerging, and clear quantitative data remain limited. This poster summarizes the results of a SESRI study that investigated social attitudes, behavior, and consequences surrounding COVID-19 in Qatar. An original online survey was conducted in both Qatar and a comparison case (Kuwait) during a 3-month period from November 2020 to January 2021. A total of 4,597 citizens and residents of Qatar aged 18 years and older were recruited to participate in the study, with 2,282 completing the full interview schedule. A total of 2,671 citizens and residents of Kuwait (1,184 completed) also took part in the survey to provide a regional baseline. The study produced many previously unavailable insights. Attitudes on risk perception, behavioral responses, and psychological distress were examined, along with individual-level determinants of intentions to comply as well as actual compliance with mandated preventive measures. The study findings suggest that authorities in Qatar should prioritize increasing public knowledge about COVID-19, present clear explanations of important changes in public policy surrounding COVID-19, spread accurate information about COVID-19 to combat the global online misinformation and debunk conspiracy theories and perpetuating myths. Redouble efforts to ensure public compliance with COVID-19 preventative measures, particularly among Qatari citizens and in relation to social gatherings, continue the transparent communication about its approach of handling the crisis with the public and effectively communicate the dangers of COVID-19 in order to encourage citizens and residents to comply with restrictions and to take the vaccine. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2342481157 | Health status and health promotion among female college students in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2342481157 | The purpose of this study was to qualitatively evaluate female college students’ perceptions of health status, the diseases that they suffer from, and their health promotion strategies. Focus groups were conducted with 85 female students from Kuwait University, and data were analysed by framework analysis. The findings show that females suffer from diseases of varying severity, including cancer, diabetes, obesity, anaemia and pain. In addition, the participants shared their health promotion strategies. Of these strategies, visiting specialised doctors, undergoing periodic examinations, practicing physical activities and eating healthy food. However, few participants were found to lack substantial awareness regarding health promotion. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of developing health education courses, health clinics, and recreational and fitness centres to promote the health of female college students. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2762698582 | Examining the Role of Relationship Marketing in Public Service Organi-zations: A Study Within Kuwaiti Healthcare Public Sector | [
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"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2762698582 | Public services have a significant impact on the competitiveness of economies, that’s why public agencies are developing new ways of delivering public services within a multi-channel logic. This study examines the ap-plication of relationship marketing in the public healthcare sector in Kuwait as public services organizations. It examines customer satisfaction and trust as indicators of the applications of Relationship marketing within these organizations. A survey was conducted, collecting data through a questionnaire containing 34 items that was completed by 887 randomly selected public hospital patients and multiple regression analysis was used for data analysis. The results revealed that relationship marketing is applied to some extent within these organiza-tions. The study also included a road map for improving marketing performance in these organizations and the similar public sector ones. | [
{
"display_name": "American Journal of Business and Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764600993",
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|
https://openalex.org/W115392844 | An exploratory study of factors affecting the successful implementation of health information systems in the Kuwaiti health care delivery system | [
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"display_name": "Maha Al-Hajerri",
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W115392844 | Health care delivery systems face different obstacles when engaged in health information systems implementation. The success of such systems is dependent upon many factors. These factors must be identified and carefully considered to ensure successful system implementation. This study investigates possible factors affecting successful information systems implementation in the Kuwaiti health care delivery system within the public and private sectors. The research was designed as an exploratory study in which qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. In the first stage (qualitative) a focus group was formed and then a semi-structured interview was administered. Themes that emerged from the interviews were used to develop a questionnaire that was used in the second (quantitative) stage of the study. The study covered stakeholders from the public and private sectors in Kuwait. The qualitative part investigated the impact of certain factors on system implementation successfulness. Based on interviewees' responses, three major themes emerged. Those were used to develop the questionnaire which was used in the quantitative part of the study. The questionnaire was aimed at describing the perception of the stakeholders to the preset factors with regard to their effects on the success of implementation in their respective organisations. From both sectors, a sample of 493 respondents was randomly 2 selected. The response rate for the questionnaire from the two sectors ranged from 59% to 72% depending on the stakeholders' group of respondents. When examining the findings of the questionnaire, the perceptions of the top management in the public sector at MOH and Al-Amin hospital were similar toward most of the factors studied. However, they were different from those of the end users. On the other hand, the perceptions of the top management and the end users were similar in the private sector. . The top management in the public sector (MOH and Al-Amin hospital) ranked the following factors in this order as the most important factors that affected successful health information systems implementation in the public sector: Accountability; Resistance to change; Organisational diversity; Organisational stability; and Incentives. The end users in the public sector ranked the following factors as the most important factors that affected successful health information systems implementation in the public sector: Lack of end user involvement; Insufficient planning; Training; Incentives; and Uncertainty of benefits. Both the top management and end users of the public sector ranked Incentives as one of the most important factors that affected successful health information system implementation, but this was the only point of agreement between them. In the private sector, the top management ranked the following factors as the most important factors that affected successful health information systems implementation: Resistance to change; Ease of usage; Competition; Incentives; and Compatibility. The end users in the private sector ranked the following factors: Ease of usage; Timeliness; Incentives; Relative advantage; and Competition. The top management and end users in the private sector concurred over the importance of the following factors: Ease of usage; and Competition. In conclusion, both the public and private sector participants (top management and end users) ranked `Incentives' as one of the most important factors that affected successful health information system implementation, while the top management in both sectors (MOH, Al-Amiri and Al-Mowasat hospitals) ranked `Resistance to change' as one of the most important factors that affected successful health information system implementation. In all, the results show that the primary factor affecting successful implementation of health information system regardless of the sector and the employment category is `Incentives', followed by `Resistance to change'. The information produced in the current study was used to produce recommendations on the successful future implementation of health information systems in Kuwait. The recommendations are based on empirical findings, and are to be respectfully commended to strategists concerned with improving health care delivery system in Kuwait. 4 The first and most obvious recommendation regarding future research would be a replication of the same study, but with the inclusion of more comprehensive attributes such as: 1) Vendor services (e. g. hardware performance, expansion and growth potential, ease of modification, interface capabilities, ease of installation, and upgrading capabilities. 2) Vendor selection factors (e. g. vendor reputation and company philosophy, system pricing, and vendor resources. 3) Patient satisfaction with the system benefits. The second recommendation is to use the same organisational, cultural and user satisfaction factors to examine health information systems implementation in a specific facility such as an Army or Police hospital versus a public hospital. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4366726736 | Using Direct Observation to Examine the Relationship between Smoking and Consumption Patterns in a Middle Eastern Food Services Setting | [
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{
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4366726736 | Abstract Despite the widespread implementation of tobacco control efforts, tobacco use persists in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), which is projected to experience the smallest decline in worldwide smoking rates. Although researchers have never explicitly examined the relationship between smoking and consumption behaviour, the two phenomena may be interrelated, especially in social settings. Utilising unobtrusive observational research, the current study examines the influence of smoking and social interaction on food and beverage purchases in one specific EMR country, Kuwait. The findings indicate that smokers tend to congregate in larger parties, purchase more items, spend more overall, and exhibit longer dwell time in comparison to their non-smoking counterparts. One explanation is that smoking and social interaction remain entwined in the social and cultural traditions of the region. | [
{
"display_name": "Anthropology of the Middle East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S130547522",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2996156568 | A world of data: Underworlds and health challenges in the age of smart cities | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Snoweria Zhang",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Fábio Duarte",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032972438"
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{
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"display_name": "Carlo Ratti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053970487"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2996156568 | With the growing ability to capture information about cities and their constituents, designers and technologists have the unprecedented opportunity to understand, improve, and invent spatial dynamics. This chapter focuses on the Underworlds project developed by laboratories at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in collaboration with the Kuwait government. It combines robotics, bioengineering, and genomics to paint a microbial portrait of the urban environment. The bespoke network of automatic samplers works in the sewage to collect data about health trends at a high spatial and temporal resolution, which gives researchers tools to analyse many facets of urban dwelling and public health. At the same time, with mounting public concerns over data privacy, smart-city endeavours such as Underworlds are facing a critical juncture in their evolution. With a sensible eye toward how these endeavours respond to and evolve with the blurring boundaries between public and private, cities and their citizens can collectively harness the boundless opportunities smart cities promise. | [
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"display_name": "Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463223",
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https://openalex.org/W3135723434 | The Relationship between Children’s Oral Health Habits and the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in the Capital governorate, Kuwait | [
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"display_name": "Jitendra Ariga",
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"display_name": "Marwan M. Al-Sharbati",
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"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463"
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{
"display_name": "Oral health",
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{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
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"display_name": "Psychology",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3135723434 | Abstract Background : The promotion of healthy oral practices during early stages of growth can have a positive impact on the psychology, personality and thus holistic health of individual for entire life. Assessment of determinants of oral health habits and their impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) may serve as an important instrument to articulate the conventional oral health policy framework, thereby ameliorating the overall health of young individuals in the long term. Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between children’s oral health habits and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among a random students’ sample in the capital governorate, Kuwait. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 607 students, aged 12-14 years, selected randomly from the Capital in Kuwait. Collection of behavioural data was done using the validated English and Arabic Oral Health and OHRQoL CPQ12-14 following prior informed consent of parents/guardians of students enrolled in the study by trained interviewers. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 22.0 and using Shapiro- Wilks test for the determination of continuous variables for normal distribution along with frequency and percentage distribution determined the categorical variables in the form of oral health behaviours interpreted as non-fractional numerical scores. Chi-square, t-tests and ANOVA were used to evaluate the variation pattern in oral health among the subjects to determine the association of oral behaviours with child OHRQoL. Results : About 52.2% subjects were males and the overall response rate was 93.8%. The mean for total OHRQoL impact was 3.1 while the total mean for individual domains- for oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being and social well-being were 2.89, 2.89, 3.1 & 3.4, respectively. There was no significant difference in total OHRQoL impact score by frequency of last dental visit, flossing, use of mouth rinse or chewing gum but for the overall OHRQoL, frequency of soft drink intake was the only significant predictor associated with 0.2-unit decrease in total OHRQoL scores. Conclusions : Though excess soft drink consumption was related to poorer OHRQoL and an unhealthier lifestyle yet research towards behaviour changing interventions based on OHRQoL inferences coupled with clinical intervention are warranted. | [
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"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W2725372058 | The effectiveness of a knowledge-based health promotion intervention on multiple health behaviours in adolescent females | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Noor Khaled Alfailakawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067699415"
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"display_name": "Cardiorespiratory fitness",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650"
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{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
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{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2725372058 | Background: Kuwaiti female adolescents have a substantial prevalence of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet leading to epidemic proportions of obesity. Additionally, rates of tobacco smoking and substance abuse are increasing among them. There is a lack of health promoting interventions to deter such behaviours in this population and therefore a knowledge-based intervention in a school setting was investigated.
Methods: The study included 128 adolescent females between the ages of 14 and 18. They were randomly selected and allocated to an intervention group (n= 64) and a control group (n= 64). The intervention consisted of six educational sessions for each of the following: physical activity (PA), healthy nutrition, prevention of tobacco smoking, prevention of substance abuse, bone health, and sun protection. Both groups were assessed before and after the intervention in weight measurements, physical fitness, PA by accelerometry in a subsample, and self-reported behaviours. The self-reported behaviours included PA, dietary behaviours, tobacco smoking, substance abuse, and sun exposure and protection. In addition, the knowledge of each health topic was assessed immediately before the session and a week after. A mixed model repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for analysis following an intention-to-treat approach.
Results: Physical fitness including flexibility, abdominal muscles strength, body balance and cardiorespiratory endurance (VO2max) were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. The intervention group also had significantly increased energy expenditure, light PA, walking time, moderate PA, and moderate-to-vigorous PA, while had decreased sedentary time and elevator use. They also had improved a range of dietary practices by increasing consumption of breakfast, dairy, and water. Furthermore, their health knowledge of each topic was significantly increased. Weight measurements did not show any significant change. Tobacco smoking and substance abuse were scarcely reported which could be due to cultural sensitivity.
Conclusion: A health promotion intervention in school was successful in increasing physical activity and physical fitness, and improving dietary practices in adolescent females in Kuwait. Thus, such interventions are promising and should be invested in and expanded in this population. These interventions should also be supported by socio-environmental changes including families, youth organisations, and health policies. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2560045510 | Risk factors, diseases and Socio-demographic background distribution among attendants of Health Promotion Clinic at Capital Health Region, Kuwait | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ibrahim S Al-Eisa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018617317"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Adel M Al-Terkit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090316527"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Manal S Al-Mutar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055647501"
}
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{
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{
"display_name": "Diabetes mellitus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C555293320"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Promotion (chess)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
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{
"display_name": "Endocrinology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134018914"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W8724662",
"https://openalex.org/W360837428",
"https://openalex.org/W645842417",
"https://openalex.org/W1567702037",
"https://openalex.org/W1993992230",
"https://openalex.org/W1996647215",
"https://openalex.org/W2016728416",
"https://openalex.org/W2020098670",
"https://openalex.org/W2022008360",
"https://openalex.org/W2026073799",
"https://openalex.org/W2034657483",
"https://openalex.org/W2041583389",
"https://openalex.org/W2054015944",
"https://openalex.org/W2059752177",
"https://openalex.org/W2098946607",
"https://openalex.org/W2118361800",
"https://openalex.org/W2150565608",
"https://openalex.org/W2156121263",
"https://openalex.org/W2330082652",
"https://openalex.org/W2416309922",
"https://openalex.org/W2461150909",
"https://openalex.org/W2470974996",
"https://openalex.org/W3022958147"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2560045510 | Objective: To evaluate the health condition of people attending Health Promotion Clinic (HPC) at Capital Health Region. Subjects and methods: This is a medical records based study of 700 subjects attending Health promotion clinic between May 2002 and June 2003. Results: The study group consisted of 608(86.9%) Kuwaitis, 447(63.9%) females, 329(47.0%) aged between 20 and 39 years old, 549(79.0%) married and 257(36.7%) clerks. 64(9.1%) of subjects were smokers, 345(49.3%) were practicing exercise and 243(34.7%) were obese. Out of the subjects 79(11.3%) had hypertension, 70(10.0%)had diabetes, 149 (21.3%) had hypercholestrolaemia and 21(3.0%) had CVD. Conclusion: Health Promotion Clinic is important for early detection of diseases and risk factors in order to prevent diseases and complication and decrease rate of death. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4390495209 | Temporal patterns of cancer burden in Asia, 1990–2019: a systematic examination for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study | [
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"display_name": "Sajjad Ahmad",
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"display_name": "Ali Ahmadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070775490"
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"display_name": "Sepideh Ahmadi",
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"display_name": "Luai A. Ahmed",
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"display_name": "Hanadi Al Hamad",
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"display_name": "Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan",
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"display_name": "Fahad Mashhour Alanezi",
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"display_name": "Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390495209 | Cancers represent a challenging public health threat in Asia. This study examines the temporal patterns of incidence, mortality, disability and risk factors of 29 cancers in Asia in the last three decades. The age, sex and year-wise estimates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of 29 cancers for 49 Asian countries from 1990 through 2019 were generated as a part of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors 2019 study. Besides incidence, mortality and DALYs, we also examined the cancer burden measured in terms of DALYs and deaths attributable to risk factors, which had evidence of causation with different cancers. The development status of countries was measured using the socio-demographic index. Decomposition analysis was performed to gauge the change in cancer incidence between 1990 and 2019 due to population growth, aging and age-specific incidence rates. All cancers combined claimed an estimated 5.6 million [95% uncertainty interval, 5.1–6.0 million] lives in Asia with 9.4 million [8.6–10.2 million] incident cases and 144.7 million [132.7–156.5 million] DALYs in 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of all cancers combined in Asia was 197.6/100,000 [181.0–214.4] in 2019, varying from 99.2/100,000 [76.1–126.0] in Bangladesh to 330.5/100,000 [298.5–365.8] in Cyprus. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 120.6/100,000 [110.1–130.7] in 2019, varying 4-folds across countries from 71.0/100,000 [59.9–83.5] in Kuwait to 284.2/100,000 [229.2–352.3] in Mongolia. The age-standardized DALYs rate was 2970.5/100,000 [2722.6–3206.5] in 2019, varying from 1578.0/100,000 [1341.2–1847.0] in Kuwait to 6574.4/100,000 [5141.7–8333.0] in Mongolia. Between 1990 and 2019, deaths due to 17 of the 29 cancers either doubled or more, and 20 of the 29 cancers underwent an increase of 150% or more in terms of new cases. Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (both sexes), breast cancer (among females), colon and rectum cancer (both sexes), stomach cancer (both sexes) and prostate cancer (among males) were among top-5 cancers in most Asian countries in terms of ASIR and ASMR in 2019 and cancers of liver, stomach, hodgkin lymphoma and esophageal cancer posted the most significant decreases in age-standardized rates between 1990 and 2019. Among the modifiable risk factors, smoking, alcohol use, ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution and unsafe sex remained the dominant risk factors between 1990 and 2019. Cancer DALYs due to ambient PM pollution, high body mass index and fasting plasma glucose has increased most notably between 1990 and 2019. With growing incidence, cancer has become more significant public health threat in Asia, demanding urgent policy attention and guidance. Its heightened risk calls for increased cancer awareness, preventive measures, affordable early-stage detection, and cost-effective therapeutics in Asia. The current study can serve as a useful resource for policymakers and researchers in Asia for devising interventions for cancer management and control. The GBD study is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210196034",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4229037532 | Evaluating the Presence of Hospitals on Social Media | [
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{
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"display_name": "Kuwait University",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4229037532 | Today, adults are using social media to seek health information. Evidence suggests that hospitals using Instagram reported better patient engagement and in turn increased profit and reputation. Yet, little is known about how public and private hospitals are leveraging Instagram. This study aims to analyze the presence of hospitals on Instagram using Kuwait as a case study. Hospitals were identified using the Ministry of Health's website and Instagram. Posts collected from seven odd months were analyzed using the Constant Comparison method. A total of 3,439 posts were distributed across six categories: health advice and education, operations and services, current events, hospital community, seasonal occasions, and trivia. Public and private hospitals differed in their activity on Instagram in terms of health topics covered, post categories, and interactions. Hospitals should improve their presence on Instagram to promote healthy lifestyles, augment public health campaigns, and be a source of reliable and accessible health information online. | [
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S139009114",
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2757574729 | ANALYZING COMPLIANCE OF LABELLING ON TOBACCO PACKETS IN TWELVE MIDDLE EASTERN COUNTRIES | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hassan R. Mir",
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{
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{
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{
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Turkey",
"Qatar",
"Palestine",
"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Jordan",
"Egypt",
"United Arab Emirates",
"Israel",
"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2757574729 | Despite knowledge of harms, smoking rates remain high and continue to rise in Middle Eastern Countries. Health warnings have been shown to make cigarettes appear less attractive, increase the smoker’s awareness of harms, increase quit attempts and lead to a reduction in smoking. Deceptive promotional labels, such as ‘light’ or ‘mild’, have been shown to have the opposite effects by misleading consumers into minimizing the harms of smoking. Initiatives such as the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) were developed by the WHO to address the tobacco epidemic through health policy. Despite its positive impact, implementation remains a challenge, especially in middle- to lower-income countries. In this study, we assess compliance of labelling on tobacco packets from twelve Middle Eastern countries with national legislation and WHO recommendations. Investigators from twelve Middle Eastern Countries collected at least 10 unique packets of the most commonly consumed and cheapest brands of cigarettes between January 2015 and November 2016. The countries included Bahrain, Israel, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (High-Income Countries – HIC), Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey (Upper-Middle Income Countries – UMIC), Egypt, and Palestine (Low-Middle-Income Countries – LMIC). A total of 140 packets were inspected using a structured data collection tool; all labels were assessed for content, size, and location. Health Warnings were present on the Principal Display Area (PDA - front and back panel) on 98% of packets. There were an average of two health warnings per pack and graphic pictorial warnings were present on 76% of all packs examined. All countries except for Palestine met or exceeded the WHO minimum recommendations that 30% of the packets PDA should be covered by a health warning label. However, only Bahrain, Israel, Kuwait, Qatar, and Turkey met their own national legislation about the minimum area of the packets PDA that must be covered by a health warning label. Promotional labels were present on all packages. Deceptive terms such as ‘light’ and ‘blue’ were found on 55% of all packs. Legislative and ingredient labels were also present on all packages. Most countries were compliant with WHO recommendations on health warning labelling. However, there is poor compliance and implementation of national legislation in these countries. Promotional and deceptive labelling were present on packets from all countries despite being banned accordingly to WHO recommendations and national legislation. Monitoring labelling on tobacco packets with country-specific feedback may help improve compliance and implementation. | [
{
"display_name": "Canadian Journal of Cardiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S126162762",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W91091050 | Determinants and consequences of obesity in adult Kuwaiti females | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nawal Al‐Hamad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040880665"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780221984"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2987512134"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W91091050 | From the early fifties, the economic upheaval created by the oil boom brought rapid
changes in the traditional life style of the Kuwaiti people that resulted in a more
sedentary lifestyle with high food availability and overnutrition. This led to an
increase in overweight and obesity, which has become a major public health problem.
A representative random sample of 324 adult Kuwaiti females aged 20-60 years were
selected in a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of obesity, its
characteristics, determinants, contributing factors, and relation to other co-morbidity.
The sample was drawn from health centre registration files between May 1996 to
October 1997. Data was collected by using: a semi-structured questionnaire,
anthropometric measurements, and biochemical analysis of blood samples.
Thirty-nine percent of the participants were in the 30-39 year age group, 73% were
married, and 56% were at the medium level of education. Fifty-six percent of the
participants had a BMI ::: 30.0 and the lean BMI was 32.0. Of these, 56% had a
medium level of education, 58% were working and 77% were married. The mean
WHR and we were 0.87 and 96 cm respectively and there was linear relationship
between we and age as well as maternal characteristics. Body fat was positively
associated with age, BMI, waist circumference, and WHR. Eighty-five percent of
those in 20.:.29, 87% of those in the 30-39 and 98% of the 40+ age group had more
than 33% of their body weight as fat. Thirty-one percent of the participants had
arthritis, 25% had hypertension, and 18% had diabetes mellitus. A quarter of the
participants had borderline high, and 15% had high levels of serum cholesterol. Of
these, over 60% had BMI ::: 30.0. Twenty-three percent had high LDL, 9% had low
HDL, and 3% high levels of serum triglycerides.
Multivariate analysis have shown that, after controlling for all the variables, that
increase in age and returning to pre-pregnancy weight were the main independent
contributing factors to the risk of obesity.
Almost half the participants underestimated their weight status, and only 28%
considered their actual weight to be appropriate for them. Furthermore, 61 % of the
participants reported that they thought that their husbands would categorise their
weight into categories less than their actual weight categories. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3085218560 | Determinants of diabetes in Kuwait: evidence from the World Health Survey | [
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"display_name": "Zlatko Nikoloski",
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3085218560 | Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, particularly among countries within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). We analysed data from the World Health Organization’s World Health Survey conducted in Kuwait in 2013 in order to distil the main demographic and socio-economic determinants of diabetes. A subjective measure of diabetes was used given the low blood chemistry measurement response rates. An analysis of key risk factors indicated that obese, hypertensive and insufficiently active respondents were more likely to be diabetic. In addition, when examining the prevalence of multiple chronic conditions, our results showed that diabetic patients were more likely to have been diagnosed with two or more chronic conditions compared to non-diabetics. Finally, results from the multivariate logistic regression model indicated that people’s weight, age and employment status were the most significant predictors of diabetes. Although not the focus of this paper, similar results yield for the entire population (i.e. nationals and expatriates). Given the cost associated with diabetes and that diabetics were more likely to suffer from multiple chronic conditions, the government should devote more effort to preventive types of healthcare. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2769194241 | CHILDHOOD OBESITY IN MIDDLE EAST | [
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"display_name": "Childhood obesity",
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{
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"display_name": "Physics",
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{
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{
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Yemen",
"Iraq"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2769194241 | Background and Aims Childhood obesity is a well recognized public health problem all over the world with high prevalence in developed countries. The aim of this review is to present data about childhood obesity in middle east countries with special reference to its prevalence, risk factors and co-morbidities. Methods Recent studies from various middle east countries regarding childhood obesity were reviewed with special emphasis on prevalence, risk factors and co-morbidities. Results Prevalence of childhood obesity in middle east countries is very variable. In Iraq and Yemen 1.6% of children are obese, in Lebanon the prevalence is 7%. In Kuwait and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the prevalence is 14% & 11% respectively.(more data will be presented). Risk factors includes urban residence, maternal obesity, higher social class, having computers at home, and special dietary habits. Studies in co-morbidities revealed high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and high incidence of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Conclusion Childhood obesity is a growing health problem in middle east countries. It needs epidemiological studies, preventive and early intervention programs. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4390512209 | Exploring healthcare providers’ perspectives on virtual care delivery: insights into telemedicine services | [
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"https://openalex.org/W4205417459",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390512209 | Abstract Background The rapid advancement of technology has led to a concurrent advancement of telemedicine, that is the delivery of medical services over a long distance using technological methods. The consistently growing numbers of COVID-19 cases warranted the use of telemedicine as an alternative method of care-delivery. This study aims to evaluate perceptions of healthcare services provided virtually among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Kuwait and to assess their acceptance and intention to implement such services. Methods An exploratory mixed methods design was conducted, where in phase one HCPs’ perceptions towards telemedicine were explored through an online questionnaire and the quantitative data were summarized by descriptive analysis using SPSS. Scores for usefulness and for attitude toward the use of telemedicine were calculated. Then semi-structured interviews were conducted in phase two and the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results In phase one, 421 HCPs answered the questionnaire . In terms of telemedicine knowledge, 15.4% of HCPs had previously used telemedicine technology and 39% already knew about it. Additionally, 42.3% preferred to use telemedicine, and 88.5% had a moderate to high usefulness score. Telemedicine’s ease of use was perceived positively. Attitude median score was 73 with an IQR of 16 (63–79). Half of the participants intend to use telemedicine. In phase two, twenty-two interviews were conducted resulting in six themes; HCPs’ acceptance of telemedicine, facilitators and motives for telemedicine implementation, skills and training required to conduct telemedicine, barriers limiting the use of telemedicine, strategies to overcome the barriers, and benefits of telemedicine. Conclusion Most of the HCPs favor telemedicine integration into Kuwait’s healthcare system as their perceptions of telemedicine were overall positive, paving the way to develop implementation strategies. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4389579680 | Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Food Sustainability Among Kuwait University Students | [
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4389579680 | Transitioning towards sustainable food systems and sustainable diets is critical in reducing environmental impact and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations General Assembly. This transition requires collaborative efforts across multiple stakeholders, including the general public’s knowledge and attitudes. To assess the knowledge and attitudes towards food sustainability we carried out a cross-sectional study among Kuwait University students with a total of 278 participants aged ≥18 years (78% females and 22% males). A validated questionnaire was used for this study. Most respondents (&amp;gt;70%) recognized the concept of “local food” and “environmental impact.” The concept “green water-blue water” was least recognized among respondents (75%). Participants perceived that a sustainable diet was rich in vegetables, included plenty of fresh products and was affordable. Participants (&amp;gt;66%) perceived that a positive impact of meat and its derivatives towards sustainability, a misconception most common among males. Overall, participants with more knowledge about environmental concepts showed favorable attitudes towards a sustainable diet. Women showed more interest in changing their current dietary habits towards food sustainability. In conclusion, despite participants’ positive attitude towards food sustainability, lack of understanding persists, necessitating public health interventions aimed at educating consumers about sustainable diets and its impact on the environment. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4312314752 | Psychological and behavioral responses to COVID-19 | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Egypt",
"display_name": "Cairo University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145487455",
"lat": 30.0276,
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"display_name": "Nareman Aly Mohamed",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Algeria",
"display_name": "Université d'Oran 2",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210149660",
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],
"display_name": "Rehal N. Hoda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009113636"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Egypt",
"display_name": "Cairo University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145487455",
"lat": 30.0276,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Basma Mohamed Osman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011353839"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Snowball sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106399304"
},
{
"display_name": "Anxiety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C558461103"
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{
"display_name": "Clinical psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70410870"
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{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Health belief model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1602351"
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{
"display_name": "Computer-assisted web interviewing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65067816"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Palestine",
"Algeria",
"Sudan",
"Syria",
"Libya",
"Egypt",
"Iraq",
"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312314752 | Background: There is epidemic fatigue due to the prolonged COVID-19-related restrictions. Some individuals seem to exercise fewer precautions recently in comparison to the onset of the pandemic. Aim: To assess psychological and behavioral responses to COVID-19 and media influences at fourth versus first wave. Design: Online cross-sectional survey. Methods: A total of 1005 participants were recruited using snowball sampling from nine Arab countries Egypt, Iraq, Algeria, Morocco, Palestine, Sudan, Kuwait, Syria and Libya through fourth wave of COVID-19. Five questionnaires were employed: General Information Questionnaire, Psychological and Behavioral Responses, Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Health Belief Model (HBM) Construct and Media Exposure Questionnaire. Results: Most of participants reported low level of; psychological responses (86%), Corona disease anxiety (78.3%) and media exposure (84.6%). Although majority of participants (70%) indicated low barriers to adhere the preventive behavior, (37%) reported a lower compliance than the first wave and (35.6%) had low perceived susceptibility. There was statistically significant positive correlation between media exposure and health beliefs, psychological and behavioral responses to COVID-19, and Corona disease anxiety. Conclusion: The proper use of social media for information purposes is beneficial in shaping psychological and behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. | [
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210179027",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4206037971 | Secondary Impact of Social Media via Text Message Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Kuwait: Survey Study (Preprint) | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Naeema Alqabandi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053658851"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ebaa Al-Ozairi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026797635"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Akm Shaheen Ahmed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074168300"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Edgar L. Ross",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054775052"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Robert N. Jamison",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067130173"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Prediabetes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779668308"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Type 2 diabetes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777180221"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Preprint",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43169469"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Internet privacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108827166"
},
{
"display_name": "Diabetes mellitus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C555293320"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "World Wide Web",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136764020"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Endocrinology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134018914"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W101425453",
"https://openalex.org/W1973461471",
"https://openalex.org/W1978379692",
"https://openalex.org/W1979116745",
"https://openalex.org/W1982680448",
"https://openalex.org/W1984426861",
"https://openalex.org/W1998232894",
"https://openalex.org/W1999861857",
"https://openalex.org/W2021197154",
"https://openalex.org/W2048799165",
"https://openalex.org/W2075749036",
"https://openalex.org/W2083255071",
"https://openalex.org/W2084534703",
"https://openalex.org/W2108664775",
"https://openalex.org/W2112200583",
"https://openalex.org/W2118907952",
"https://openalex.org/W2130249164",
"https://openalex.org/W2142505388",
"https://openalex.org/W2143853859",
"https://openalex.org/W2152497415",
"https://openalex.org/W2153493683",
"https://openalex.org/W2154848247",
"https://openalex.org/W2171637863",
"https://openalex.org/W2185803448",
"https://openalex.org/W2332951586",
"https://openalex.org/W2375143166",
"https://openalex.org/W2518354110",
"https://openalex.org/W2522462850",
"https://openalex.org/W2547724305",
"https://openalex.org/W2605790420",
"https://openalex.org/W2809176170",
"https://openalex.org/W2890695304",
"https://openalex.org/W2985750107",
"https://openalex.org/W4233970183",
"https://openalex.org/W4236074123",
"https://openalex.org/W4238719813",
"https://openalex.org/W4248571173",
"https://openalex.org/W4251966062",
"https://openalex.org/W4255836281"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4206037971 | <sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an international problem of alarming epidemic proportions. T2DM can develop due to multiple factors, and it usually begins with prediabetes. Fortunately, this disease can be prevented by following a healthy lifestyle. However, many health care systems fail to properly educate the public on disease prevention and to offer support in embracing behavioral interventions to prevent diabetes. SMS messaging has been combined with cost-effective ways to reach out to the population at risk for medical comorbidities. To our knowledge, the use of nationwide SMS messaging in the Middle East as a screening tool to identify individuals who might be at risk of developing T2DM has not been reported in the literature. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> The primary aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of conducting a series of SMS messaging campaigns directed at random smartphone users in Kuwait for the detection and prevention of T2DM. It was predicted that 1% of those receiving the text message would find it relevant and participate in the study. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the incidence of participation of those who were forwarded the initial text message by family members and friends. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> In this study, 5 separate text message screening campaigns were launched inviting recipients to answer 6 questions to determine the risk of developing T2DM. If subjects agreed to participate, a link to the prediabetes screening test devised by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was automatically transmitted to their mobile devices. Those identified as high risk were invited to participate in a diabetes prevention program. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> A total of 180,000 SMSs were sent to approximately 6% of the adult population in Kuwait. Of these, 0.14% (260/180,000) of the individuals who received the SMS agreed to participate, of whom 58.8% (153/260) completed the screening. Surprisingly, additional surveys were completed by 367 individuals who were invited via circulated SMS messages forwarded by family members and friends. Altogether, 23.3% (121/520) qualified and agreed to participate in a diabetes prevention program. The majority of those who chose to participate in the prevention program were overweight, aged 45-65 years, and reported being less physically active than those who chose not to participate (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup><sub>2</sub>=42.1, <i>P</i>&lt;.001). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Although health care screening via text messaging was found to have limited effectiveness by itself, it exhibited increased reach through shared second-party social media messaging. Despite the fact a subpopulation at possible risk of developing T2DM could be reached via text messaging, most responders were informed about the screening campaign by family and friends. Future research should be designed to tap into the benefits of social media use in health risk campaigns. </sec> | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4312123383 | General health status and psychological impact of COVID19 pandemic and curfew on children aging 3 to 12 years | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Mubarak Al Kabeer Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800519576",
"lat": 29.325855,
"long": 48.035076,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Abdullah Shamsah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013730317"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Maryam Aburezq",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050405167"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Amiri Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2803040547",
"lat": 29.387917,
"long": 47.98701,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Zahraa Abdullah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036109176"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Amiri Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2803040547",
"lat": 29.387917,
"long": 47.98701,
"type": "healthcare"
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{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
"lat": 29.339659,
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"display_name": "Fatemeh Khamissi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019679455"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
"lat": 29.339659,
"long": 47.913715,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Batool Almaateeq",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045342291"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Amiri Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2803040547",
"lat": 29.387917,
"long": 47.98701,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Fatima AlAlban",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006455012"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
"lat": 29.339659,
"long": 47.913715,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Sarah Almashmoom",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068525038"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I36721946",
"lat": 29.339659,
"long": 47.913715,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ali H. Ziyab",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038604285"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Curfew",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779422693"
},
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Anxiety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C558461103"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Crying",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778013503"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Sadness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779812673"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Anger",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779302386"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1974276304",
"https://openalex.org/W2000594564",
"https://openalex.org/W2017844566",
"https://openalex.org/W2060711840",
"https://openalex.org/W2109146515",
"https://openalex.org/W2141767248",
"https://openalex.org/W2169055451",
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"https://openalex.org/W3027535445",
"https://openalex.org/W3028182639",
"https://openalex.org/W3031414601",
"https://openalex.org/W3039247277",
"https://openalex.org/W3041793326",
"https://openalex.org/W3049295143",
"https://openalex.org/W3084283140",
"https://openalex.org/W3106452301",
"https://openalex.org/W3110627831",
"https://openalex.org/W3116799695",
"https://openalex.org/W3119432179",
"https://openalex.org/W3128722447",
"https://openalex.org/W3136782339",
"https://openalex.org/W3140667009",
"https://openalex.org/W3153333051",
"https://openalex.org/W3158137885",
"https://openalex.org/W3162095764",
"https://openalex.org/W3175273371",
"https://openalex.org/W4205830803",
"https://openalex.org/W4207048231",
"https://openalex.org/W4281484160"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312123383 | Background COVID-19 is an infectious disease that was declared as a pandemic and public health emergency in late 2019 and has impacted children's mental health worldwide. This study aimed to assess the general and mental health status of children during different stages of COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted on children aging 3 to 12 years in Kuwait during three different stages of COVID19 pandemic (pre-total curfew, during total curfew, and post-total curfew). The psychological status was assessed using the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. Results Of 2157 children between the age of 3 to 12 years old, 853 (39.5%) reported increased level of aggression, 789 (36.6%) over-crying, 749 (34.7%) sadness, 493 (22.9%) anxiety, 429 (19.9%) anhedonia, 383 (17.8%) confusion, 274 (12.7%) nightmares, 177 (8.2%) avoidance, 174 (8.1%) physical symptoms and 121 (5.6%) bedwetting during the pandemic. General health status was also affected with reported disturbed sleeping pattern (84.6%), altered appetite (50.9%) and weight changes (36.9%), mainly weight gain. Risk factors included being non-national, as well as having lower parental educational level and lower socioeconomic status; while protective factors involved meeting classmates, indoor and outdoor activities, and less screen time. Conclusions COVID19 crisis had drastic impact on children's mental and general health, requiring serious action regarding evaluating this generation and intervening accordingly. | [
{
"display_name": "Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387284405",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2746062883 | NATIONAL ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST OF PAKISTAN: USE IN PRESCRIPTIONS AND AWARENESS IN MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maryam Tahir",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083886208"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Muhammad Irfan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032309543"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Medical prescription",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2426938"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Specialty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20387591"
},
{
"display_name": "Essential medicines",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777424817"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Nonprobability sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100363876"
},
{
"display_name": "Alternative medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204787440"
},
{
"display_name": "Traditional medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C556039675"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1991598189",
"https://openalex.org/W2143727012",
"https://openalex.org/W2312781042",
"https://openalex.org/W2343624094",
"https://openalex.org/W3123985969"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2746062883 | Objective: To find out the extent of use of essential medicines in the prescriptions and the knowledge of medical practitioners about the national essential medicines list of Pakistan. Methodology: This paper describes two phases of a study focused on national essential medicines list of Pakistan. Conducted at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar between February and March 2013, in the first phase, using purposive sampling, digital photographs of 110 prescriptions were taken and 94 legible prescriptions were analyzed. In the second phase, in March 2014, questionnaire based semi structured interviews were conducted from 35 medical practitioners. Results: A total of 62(65.9%) prescriptions had medicines from the national essential medicines list of Pakistan. Out of 279 medicines prescribed in these prescriptions, 231 (82.8%) were from that list. 23 medical practitioners were aware of the existence of national essential medicines list of Pakistan. Medical practitioners reported that safety (n=20, 57.1%), efficacy (n=19, 54.3%), relevance; and cost of medicines both (n=17, 48.6%) & availability (n=10, 28.6%) were the factors that influence their selection of the prescribed medicines. They informed that the undergraduate course curriculum (n=22, 62.8%), specialty training (n=10, 28.6%) and the literature produced by the pharmaceutical industries (n=2, 8.6%) were the knowledge sources for prescribing a medication. Conclusion: Almost one third of the prescriptions did not contain essential medicines. and only one forth of medical practitioners were aware of the existence of national essential medicines list. | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764353664",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1799745167 | The second study on WHO MPOWER tobacco control scores in the Eastern Mediterranean countries based on the 2013 report: Improvements during two years | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Masih Daneshvari Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3019658157",
"lat": 35.81545,
"long": 51.497986,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Gholamreza Heydari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076658074"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Checklist",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779356329"
},
{
"display_name": "Tobacco control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780832096"
},
{
"display_name": "Ranking (information retrieval)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189430467"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Cognitive psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180747234"
}
] | [
"Kuwait",
"Lebanon",
"Gaza",
"Iran",
"Jordan",
"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1799745167 | Introduction: Following MPOWER9s 2011 report guidelines, a study was conducted that showed Tobacco control planning in the region overall to be at a medium level, with Iran, Egypt and Jordan respectively receiving the highest scores. In the current study, the same analysis was re-done with the same methods using the 2013 report to determine any possible changes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted through 2013 report. We again used the checklist from the original study for this purpose. Five part variables were allocated scores of 0 - 4 and four part variables were given scores of 0 – 3. The maximum score was set at 37. Data entry was done separately by two different people and then compared and confirmed by a third. Scores were then added and rankings were allocated. Results: Among the 22 countries in the region, based on the achieved scores (out of a maximum of 37), Iran, Kuwait, Egypt, Lebanon, Gaza and Jordan were the highest-ranking with scores of 31, 28, 28, 26, 25 and 25, respectively. 14 countries (%63) scored more than 50%, a small improvement from the report 2 years ago. Five countries have seen their scores fall, of which the UAE, with a 7-point decline, had had the sharpest decline. 14 countries received improved scores, with the largest rise belonging to Lebanon with 9 points. Conclusion: It appears there has been a slight improvement overall in tobacco control planning, although the desired levels have yet to be reached and some countries in the region have fared worse. Also there appears to be no improvement in decreasing the prevalence of tobacco consumption. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3200158064 | Factors Influencing Childhood and Adolescent Obesity in the Arab Gulf States: A Systematic Review | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alaa E. Alaa E. Badawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058999290"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hamda M. Almansoori",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051270422"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Reem A. Alnuaimi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052327727"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Fares M. Howari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077445656"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Childhood obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779422640"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Systematic review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189708586"
},
{
"display_name": "MEDLINE",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779473830"
},
{
"display_name": "Micronutrient deficiency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778596745"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Micronutrient",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14522933"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] | [
"Kuwait",
"Qatar",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"United Arab Emirates",
"Oman"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W2057792711",
"https://openalex.org/W2060883102",
"https://openalex.org/W2066335309",
"https://openalex.org/W2109430303",
"https://openalex.org/W2118509284",
"https://openalex.org/W2118733706",
"https://openalex.org/W2124106759",
"https://openalex.org/W2170640948",
"https://openalex.org/W2466444307",
"https://openalex.org/W2599745988",
"https://openalex.org/W2766674402",
"https://openalex.org/W2880576094",
"https://openalex.org/W2982146457",
"https://openalex.org/W3011499029",
"https://openalex.org/W3012686761"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3200158064 | BACKGROUND: About one third of the population in the Arab Gulf States are overweight and obese. Among children and adolescents, however, the prevalence of obesity is at rates higher than those reported worldwide. 
 
 OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to systematically review and evaluate factors related to and affecting childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Arab Gulf States.
 
 METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive and systematic search in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase and Embase Classic to identify studies reporting on the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescent in the study region. 
 
 RESULTS: We examined 22 studies and identified 12 reports to be included into this systematic review. The reviewed studies were from six Arab gulf States (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and Qatar) and examined 9,723 children. Approximately 30 different risk factors were identified from the selected studies. These were generally falling under six main risk factors including unhealthy eating habits, sedentary lifestyle, family-related factors, (particularly mother physical activities and food habits), child feeding practices during infancy, child sleeping pattern and low intake of or deficiency in micronutrients important for growth.
 
 CONCLUSION: This study further establishes several of the universal-and regional-specific risk factors that influence the increased prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Arab Gulf States. Consideration of these risk factors is critical for developing effective policies and practices that address this public health concern to curb and reverse the rise in its prevalence within the Gulf Region. | [
{
"display_name": "Global Journal of Health Science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2755631367",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W415748296 | Comparison of Attitude of Primary Health Care Physicians and Nurses Towards Domestic Violence Against Women | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "General Medical Council",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2799350025",
"lat": 51.50853,
"long": -0.12574,
"type": "government"
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{
"country": "Italy",
"display_name": "Ministero della Salute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2801313885",
"lat": 41.89193,
"long": 12.51133,
"type": "government"
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],
"display_name": "Ali A Alkhabaz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040280780"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Tariq A Hammadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048881660"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Saudi Arabia",
"display_name": "Armed Forces Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210113049",
"lat": 21.35564,
"long": 40.28779,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Salah R. Alnoumas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079781130"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210129520",
"lat": 29.32307,
"long": 47.881496,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Thuraya Aa Ghayath",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044970153"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Trinidad and Tobago",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210137390",
"lat": 10.679642,
"long": -61.504936,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohamed I. Kamel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053751191"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Egypt",
"display_name": "Alexandria University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I84524832",
"lat": 31.20176,
"long": 29.91582,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Medhat K. El-Shazly",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090040632"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Affect (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776035688"
},
{
"display_name": "Primary health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163432668"
},
{
"display_name": "Primary care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2984752397"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Communication",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46312422"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W50122922",
"https://openalex.org/W180007524",
"https://openalex.org/W1979227128",
"https://openalex.org/W2004901710",
"https://openalex.org/W2039982583",
"https://openalex.org/W2073056733",
"https://openalex.org/W2099442248",
"https://openalex.org/W2117123407",
"https://openalex.org/W2123007719",
"https://openalex.org/W2124497754",
"https://openalex.org/W2168637806",
"https://openalex.org/W2172700262",
"https://openalex.org/W2244694261",
"https://openalex.org/W2281580225",
"https://openalex.org/W2286854953",
"https://openalex.org/W2293958211",
"https://openalex.org/W2295684833"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W415748296 | Background: Domestic violence (DV) against women has increased during the past few years and became an important public health problem. Personal values and beliefs of primary health care workers can affect both diagnostic and management procedures adopted to deal with battered women.
Objectives: The current study was formulated to compare attitude of physicians and nurses towards DV against women.
Methods: All physicians and nurses currently working in the primary health care centers in Kuwait (2516) were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire. Out of them, 1553 completed the questionnaire with an overall response rate of 61.7%.
Results: Physicians tended to have a higher positive overall attitude score towards violence against women than nurses (60.75 + 13.16% compared with 58.3 + 13.82%, P <0.001), with a mean percent score of 75.73 + 21.80% compared with 69.7 + 21.3% for good reasons to hit women domain. No significant differences were revealed between the two groups for either the relationship between partners domain (42.36 + 15.37% compared with 42.9 + 15.99%, P = 0.679) or the management domain (58.39 + 17.11% compared with 58.7 + 20.59%, P = 0.104).
Conclusion: Relatively low positive attitude scores were recorded by primary care physicians and nurses Yet, physicians tended to have higher scores than nurses. There is a great need to improve attitude of health care workers, especially nurses, about DV against women through properly planned training programs. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4224286735 | Bibliometric analysis of studies on HRM during Covid-19 pandemic | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Selma Kılıç Kırılmaz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078765569"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "İsmail Şimşir",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038456169"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Citation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778805511"
},
{
"display_name": "Publishing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151719136"
},
{
"display_name": "Subject (documents)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777855551"
},
{
"display_name": "Web of science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020774429"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Bibliometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178315738"
},
{
"display_name": "Library science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161191863"
},
{
"display_name": "Citation analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105345328"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Scope (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778012447"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Science Citation Index",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776312699"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "MEDLINE",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779473830"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4224286735 | Purpose- The purpose of this research is to determine the course of HRM research studies conducted during the COVID 19 Pandemic period by focusing on the author, country, citation, subject, etc. Methodology- The research was carried out with the method of bibliometric analysis. The articles containing the subjects of COVID-19 Pandemic and HRM published in the Web of Science Core Collection database between 2020 and 2021 were examined within the scope of the research. Findings- As a result of the research conducted, it is observed that 206 publications covering the subjects of pandemic and HRM were made between 2020-2021. These publications were included in 139 sources (journals, books, etc.), written by 1004 authors. Citation rate per article was 6.019 and the collaboration index of authors was quite high (5.72). Moreover, it is found that the journal publishing the most articles on HRM during the pandemic period was BMJ Open. The most relevant institution on the subject was Shanghai Jiao Tong University with 14 articles. The countries publishing the most articles were China, the USA and India, respectively, and the countries that received the most citations per article were Brazil, Denmark and Kuwait. It is determined that the most cited article worldwide is Carnevale JB 2020 with 122 citations. In the keyword analysis of the author, it is revealed that the terms of COVID-19, human resource management, COVID-19 pandemic, pandemic, coronavirus, crisis management, health policy, public health, human resource development and mental health are mostly used. Conclusion- It is believed that the findings obtained as a result of the research will contribute to the literature. Carrying out the research using a single database (Web of Science) constitutes an important limitation for the research. Keywords: Human resources, human resources development, Covid-19, pandemic, bibliometric analysis. JEL Codes: M12, M15, M54 | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of Business, Economics and Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764440460",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4382776841 | Physical, Psychological and Social Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers at a COVID Designated Bangladeshi Public Hospital. | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "N Haque",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028526270"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sadia Sajmin Siddiqua",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072781114"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nazmul Hosain",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003469822"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad Asaduzzaman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090145371"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Shah Jahan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059481127"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mukdad Ibrahim",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002612143"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "M S Bari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055641228"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Anum Irfan Khan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008562678"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "MM Hoque",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030012154"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "N Haque",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028526270"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Muhammad Anwar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050625198"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Personal protective equipment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780668467"
},
{
"display_name": "Observational study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C23131810"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4382776841 | The world has been devastated facing the outbreak of a novel infectious disease known as Corona virus disease (COVID-19). This has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The frontline health care workers, who are directly involved in the diagnosis, treatment and care of patients with COVID-19, are taking significant personal risks on their own health and those of their family members. Objectives of the study include establishing the physical, psychological and social impact experience by the healthcare workers serving in public hospitals of Bangladesh. This prospective cross-sectional observational study was carried out at Kuwait Bangladesh Friendship Government Hospital, the first Covid-19 designated hospital of Bangladesh between the 1st June and the 31st August, 2020. A total of 294 doctors, nurses, ward boys and ailed healthcare workers were included in this study via purposive sampling. The study found statistically significant (p value 0.024) difference of medical co-morbidities between Covid-19 positive and Covid-19 negative groups of health care professionals. Significant association was found between duration of work and presence during aerosol generating procedure with COVID infectivity of the study subjects. 72.8% respondents experienced public fear of contracting the virus from them and 69.0% noticed negative attitude of the society towards them. Eighty five percent (85.0%) did not get any community support during this pandemic crisis. The health care professionals engaged in COVID-19 treatment have been taking significant personal risk on their life in terms of physical, psychological and social perspective. Providing safeguard to the health care workers are integral components of public health measures for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. Special interventions to promote their physical wellbeing and arrangement of adequate psychological training need to be immediately implemented to cope up this critical situation. | [
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4242915710 | Oral cholera vaccines to control endemic disease: an economic and epidemiological modelling analysis | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Korea",
"display_name": "International Vaccine Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1309827724",
"lat": 37.459328,
"long": 126.95311,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Vittal Mogasale",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079519343"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ann Levin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078735189"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4242915710 | BackgroundCholera is endemic in several Asian and African countries and has gained increased attention in recent years after large outbreaks. Interest is growing about use of oral cholera vaccine to control cholera in endemic settings. We analysed the economics and epidemiology of oral cholera vaccines for this purpose.MethodsWe assessed the effect of repeated cholera vaccination campaigns to prevent outbreaks in high-risk endemic areas accounting for programme and disease costs. We used a demand forecast to predict the potential year of adoption for various cholera-endemic countries based on country characteristics. We used a dynamic disease transmission model to assess the population-level effect of cholera vaccination programmes on disease incidence and mortality.FindingsDemand from 33 endemic countries in Africa and Asia is predicted to be 6–18 million doses in 2015 rising to 62–141 million doses per year by 2022, depending on the assumed programme option. Costs will range from US$18 million to $49 million in 2015 and increase to $140 million–319 million per year by 2022. Between 2015 and 2022, the vaccination programmes could prevent 2·3 million–4·9 million cases of cholera and 75 000–154 000 deaths. All programme options were very cost-effective compared with regional average gross domestic product, with the cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted ranging from $151 to $785.InterpretationA targeted programme of cholera vaccination using the oral killed whole-cell vaccine in 33 endemic countries would significantly reduce the cholera disease burden and risk of epidemics, and would be cost-effective.FundingGovernment of Kuwait, Government of Sweden, and Government of South Korea. | [
{
"display_name": "The Lancet Global Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210176958",
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] |
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