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https://openalex.org/W3026209122 | Catalyst for Empowering Women and Boosting Gender Equality in South Mediterranean Countries: The case of Egypt | [
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https://openalex.org/W4390890494 | Mapping gender studies and research in Egypt. Current status and future prospects | [] | [
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https://openalex.org/W2259903737 | Desired Fertility, Gender Inequality, and Breastfeeding Behaviour: The Case of Egypt | [
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https://openalex.org/W3127729268 | Gender Inequality and State Security: The Effects of Women’s Social Equality on Domestic Terrorism | [
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https://openalex.org/W4386796450 | Rebel with a Cause: Effects of a Gender Norms Intervention for Adolescents in Somalia | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386796450 | Gender inequality and restrictive norms are often reinforced and internalized during adolescence, influencing pivotal life choices. This paper presents results from a randomly-assigned gender norms intervention for young adolescents in Somalia that led to greater support for gender equality in reported attitudes among both girls and boys. In a novel lab-in-the-field experiment designed to observe social group dynamics, treated adolescents were also found to be less likely to succumb to peer pressure to conform when stating their gender attitudes in public. Perceptions of gender norms appears to shift for boys, leading to a greater public expression of gender egalitarian ideals. Furthermore, the findings show improved adolescent mental health, increased caring behavior towards siblings of the opposite sex, and a higher likelihood of involvement in household chores by boys. A complementary gender norms intervention for parents had limited marginal impact on the attitudes and behaviors of adolescents. The results suggest that gender norms interventions can be effective in influencing the attitudes and public discourse around gender equality, even in early adolescence. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1879782359 | Gendering political reconstruction in Iraq | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1879782359 | This paper evaluates current US policies towards political reconstruction in Iraq using a gendered lens in order to identify the impact upon women and gender relations. I will argue that, despite an apparent high-level political commitment to Iraqi women within the US administration, current policies towards Iraq are not helping to reduce gender inequalities. This is because US measures that are targeted at women alone do not consider women’s position within gender relations and, therefore, do little to address the question of gender relations. Certain US policies, such as de-Baathification and the establishment of governance mechanisms along sectarian/communal lines, have exacerbated trends that contribute to increasing gender inequalities, as well as helping to fuel the current violence. These trends bring into question Iraqi women’s ability to fully participate in the public sphere, despite many efforts by Iraqi women’s groups to protect and promote women’s rights in post-Ba‘th Iraq. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W4313305299 | Domestic Violence in Iraq: A Critical discourse analysis of passivization and gender inequality | [
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"Iraq"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4313305299 | Women usually experience more incidents of violence than men particularly domestic violence (DV). DV includes different forms of family violence such as forced marriage and honor crimes that are perpetrated by family members. In this regard, this study intends to investigate Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) reports on DV in Iraq through the critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach. This article aims to explore the functional descriptions of the reports' language on DV and to uncover the ideology of gender inequality causes. To achieve the aims , an eclectic modal is adopted including Halliday's (1985, 1994, 2004) systemic functional linguistics (SFL) along with Fairclough's (1992, 1995, 2001) three-dimensional framework for the analysis of the linguistic devices to examine gender inequality in NGOs reports on DV. The article is conducted through the qualitative method approach. Moreover, the data tackled two reports representing DV in Iraq and presented by the Organization of Women’s Freedom in Iraq (OWFI). The conclusions indicate that there is an increased use of passive voice to talk about violence caused by male perpetrators. Further, presuppositions and references reveal that CDA can explore the relationships among language, and the ideology of gender inequality. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4212921326 | The Perception of Gender Equity: A Case of Iraq | [
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"Iraq"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4212921326 | Despite extensive research into women's leadership representation and roles, little is known about the role of women in Iraqi leadership and academics. Most of the literature on academic imperialism and the relegation of women to secondary roles in higher education is authored by Westernershus; thus, it may not accurately depict the level of gender inequality in academia. The aim of the current study is to explore the prospect of career progression for women in Iraq based on the insight presented by both male and female professionals. The study also sought to whether the interaction between lecturers and students was influenced by gender stereotypes and the inclusion of women in departmental administration. Hence, a quantitative research method was used, and data required to sufficiently address the research questions was collected using questionnaires. The sample population constituted of 59 male and female professionals and 114 students of both genders and across departments. The collected data was then analyzed on SPSS version 2.0. The research found that male employees had a better prospect of career progressions than their female counterparts; 57.6% of male professional participants strongly agreed that their prospect of career progression is high, while 50% strongly agreed to this prompt. Moreover, female lecturers reported that female students were freer with them than their male counterparts. Also, females felt less represented in departmental administration than their male counterparts. Although Iraq's academia has come a long way in bridging the gender inequality gaps, more still needs to be done for better female professionals' inclusion in leadership and administrative roles. The current study that future studies should be dedicated to finding the current challenges facing women academics. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2169438931 | On 'Sisterhood': What Iraqi Kurdish Women Migrants Have to Say about Women and the Commonalities They Share | [
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"https://openalex.org/W2613019718",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2169438931 | Based on a research study this paper is concerned with the migration experiences of Iraqi Kurdish Muslim women. Commonalities among women was one of the main themes emerging from the research data, with much of that data related to what some of the Kurdish women conceptualise as a ‘sisterhood’ of women, suggesting that for at least half of the Kurdish women, experiences of inequality, domestic abuse, and patriarchal oppression provide a significant point of commonality among women.
More complete approaches to women’s experiences of relationships of power do not negate the relationships of power, inequality, and experiences of domestic abuse existing between men and women; such approaches also do not prioritise over these relationships the relationships of oppression that exist between culturally and/or socioeconomically different women. Taking account of commonalities among women through sameness experiences of gender inequalities and patriarchal abuse, and how those commonalities are constructed, offers insight into the potential evolution of transnational feminism. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2074926019 | Strategies of Feminist Bureaucrats: United Nations Experiences | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2074926019 | Summary This paper explores the challenges and opportunities for feminists working as women's rights and gender equality specialists in the United Nations as analysed from a practitioner perspective. Part 1 by Joanne Sandler analyses the experience of feminists struggling with the institutional sexism of the UN bureaucratic machine and shows how this played out in the difficult but ultimately successful negotiations around the creation of UN Women. In Part 2, Aruna Rao describes how cross‐agency UN Gender Theme Groups worked together through a process of reflexive inquiry to strengthen the gender equality programming of three UN Country Teams, respectively in Morocco, Albania and Nepal. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2701012285 | Who’s Under the Robe? On Women in the Judicial System in Morocco | [
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{
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2701012285 | Despite recent strides in the family law, the adoption of a very progressive constitution, inequality and institutional symbolic violence against women continue to take dismaying myriad of forms defining the challenges that women continue to face in Morocco today. In this chapter I argue that the quantitative feminization of the judicial system does not mean in any case the qualitative answer to women’s needs in equal rights. I will explore how the absence of gender from the law curriculum at higher education institutions affects both the position of woman as practitioner and as litigant. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4327966885 | GENDER EQUALITY IN FAMILY LAW IN MOROCCO | [
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4327966885 | The rise of gender issues that have developed in Morocco has resulted in inequality which has given rise to injustice in women, in the form of marginalization, subordination and violence that occurs in the family. It is important to voice reform of legal regulations which are considered to be gender biased. This study aims to explain family law reform in Morocco and the value of gender equality in Moroccan family law. This type of research is descriptive qualitative analytic. Data was collected through literature including books, articles, institutional reports, both written and digital sources. The results of the study show that Family Law Reform in Morocco is a level of regulation in people's lives to realize equal rights and equal opportunities. The internalization of legal values contained in Family Law in Morocco is the Maliki School, which pays attention to the content of Maslahah Mursalah. The perspective of gender equality can be seen in the rules regarding the position of women and men in household life, including regarding the duties and obligations of wives and husbands to one another, divorce, conditions of marriage, and questions about children's rights. The reform of the Family Law has become the forerunner to the formation of equality practices in society, especially in the realm of the family. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2059221002 | Moroccan households in the world economy: labor and inequality in a Berber village | [
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"https://openalex.org/W2015522671",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2059221002 | Moroccan households in the world economy: labor and inequality in a Berber village, by David Crawford, Baton Rouge, LA, Louisiana State University Press, 2008, 210 pp., ISBN 978-0-8071-3372-9 David... | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2970399544 | Gender Issues in Select Moroccan ELT Textbooks: A Review | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2970399544 | This paper aimed to explore the ways in which three Moroccan ELT textbooks currently used in second year Baccalaureate public high schools represented gender. It also aimed to identify the extent to which these textbooks succeeded in avoiding instances of biased and stereotypical gender representations of female and male figures. The study was conducted based on the theoretical framework of the Standards-Based Approach. It adopted content analysis as the main instrument for data collection and analysis that combines both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings indicated that these textbooks contain instances of biased gender representations regarding frequency of appearance, visibility, space, firstness and occupations attributed to female and male characters in texts, dialogues, exercises and images. The paper concluded with a set of implications suggesting ways in which gender inequalities could be avoided in future Moroccan ELT textbooks. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3173908817 | Resistensi Perempuan terhadap Konstruksi Gender dalam Film La Source des Femmes karya Radu Mihăileanu | [
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3173908817 | Issues regarding gender issues are closely related to women and how their roles are constructed in social life, which creates various stereotypes that lead to gender inequality problems. In the film La Source des Femmes, gender construction is shown through narrative and cinematographic aspects. This article focuses on women's resistance to gender construction that have taken shape in the lives of remote rural women in Morocco. The analysis in this article uses a film study by Boggs and Petrie (2012) and Actor Scheme by Greimas (1967). James C. Scott's concept of resistance and Mansour Fakih's gender inequality were also used to deepen the analysis. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. The data in the study are in the form of words, clauses, phrases, or sentences that indicate the form of women's resistance. The findings of the analysis show that the resistance shown by rural Moroccan women aims to fight the injustice of their roles and obligations as women and housewives who have been oppressed and have directly harmed them. Through this research, it is also seen that the resistance carried out by village women has an impact on their growing awareness of self-subjectivity and redefining their role as a woman. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3018078757 | L’AUTONOMISATION DES FEMMES COMME SOURCE DE DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL AU MAROC : ETUDE EXPLORATOIRE DU STATUT ECONOMIQUE DES FEMMES MAROCAINES SUR LA BASE DU THIRD BILLION INDEX | [
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{
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3018078757 | Today, the relationship between women's economic empowerment and the level of economic and social growth is well established. Indeed, the majority of studies that have been conducted in a context of female poverty and gender inequality have revealed the existence of a positive and very strong correlation between the level of women's empowerment and women's empowerment and economic growth. These studies most often use statistical tools to analyze this relationship. Among these studies, we find that conducted in 2012 by the cabinet Booz and Company and dealing with the Third Billion Index. The goal of our work is to use this tool to understand the nature of this relationship in Morocco. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W1684617133 | Les transferts de fonds réduisent-ils la pauvreté et les inégalités de revenus? Une vérification empirique à travers une enquête dans le milieu rural marocain | [
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{
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{
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1684617133 | For several decades the fight against poverty has become a major policy concern for national governments and international institutions. In this paper, we examine the effect of remittances on poverty and inequality by using an original database of migrants in Morocco. The survey data were collected in the region of Souss-Massa-Draa. We estimate the migrant home earnings under the assumptions of absence of migration and remittances before comparing it to the household income when the migrant leave their native countries. We find that remittances can reduce the number of poor and vulnerable household. Our findings also suggest that these remittances inflows have increased income inequality when compared with the no-migration counterfactual situation. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W4389280573 | Examining the Social Situation of Rural Women in Taounate Province, Northern Morocco | [
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"https://openalex.org/W1499387099",
"https://openalex.org/W4247704451",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4389280573 | Gender inequality remains a pervasive problem, with cultural, traditional and ideological factors as well as religious interpretations, contributing to differences and inequalities between men and women. These differences can lead to gender disparities in the division of labor and the undervaluation of women’s contributions in various aspects of life. This study aims to explore the social situation of rural women in Morocco, with a particular focus on the Taounate Province in the country’s northern region. The paper investigates whether rural women and girls have been adequately considered in governmental actions and development initiatives, and if so, whether these initiatives effectively benefit them. Additionally, the study assesses how these actions may contribute to or hinder the success of development in rural areas. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the challenges and opportunities are faced by rural women in Taounate Province and provide insights into potential solutions to address the gender disparities that continue to exist in these communities. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3014205618 | Discourses About the Eligibility of Women on the Moroccan National List: The Gender Foundations of Electoral Inequality | [
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3014205618 | The introduction of gender quota in Morocco in 2002 has been the subject of much debate revolving around the nomination processes and the ranking orders within the national list. The procedures followed by political parties can uncover other aspects related to gender dynamics. In this article, I set out to understand the processes by which female candidates are selected on the national list. While analyzing the discourses taking place concerning the recruitment process, I will try to pay attention to the gap between discourses and practices. This study allows us to go beyond the approach that looks at gender quotas as a global phenomenon, exploring at the same time the personal views of women who are experiencing the process from inside. How is gender displayed and social structures recreated through this discourse? The analysis of these discourses can contribute significantly to our knowledge of women’s political representation and political elite formation. Listening to candidates’ views about criteria of selection informs us about the way in which gendered discourses are reproduced and internalized. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2197556322 | Gender inequality, structural transformation and growth : the case of Morocco | [
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"Morocco"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2197556322 | This paper investigates the extent to which the persistence of gender inequality might have constrained growth and productivity in Morocco. It does so through an overview of the recent (2000-2011) growth performance and the analysis of the structure of female employment over the last decade. The paper does not attempt to show the link between female employment, gender inequality and growth as this has been already treated extensively in the empirical literature. This analysis builds instead on the assumption, put forth in the theoretical and empirical literature, that gender disparities and related occupational and market segmentations hamper productivity and growth. By analyzing the structure of female employment over time and sectoral labor productivity data we examine whether employment opportunities for women are concentrated in sectors where labor productivity (and hence the wage rate) is low or not growing and the reasons that might be behind these outcomes. This is an important question from not only the welfare perspective, but also from the point of view of economic efficiency. Evidence that women are working in low return sectors signals the existence of mobility barriers which prevent them from moving to higher return sectors. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1968033986 | Conformers, fighters and rebels: the unfolding of the careers of women in the United Arab Emirates | [
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https://openalex.org/W2884138491 | Ambivalent sexism in the United Arab Emirates: Quantifying gender attitudes in a rapidly modernizing society | [
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https://openalex.org/W2085564230 | The Division of Household Labor in Germany and Israel | [
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https://openalex.org/W3032638848 | Does the coronavirus pandemic level the gender inequality curve? (It doesn’t) | [
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https://openalex.org/W2109292742 | Women's Part-Time Employment and Gender Inequality in the Family | [
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https://openalex.org/W2408144293 | Militarization and gender: The Israeli experience | [
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https://openalex.org/W2016627206 | New Roles or "New Times"? Gender Inequality and Militarism in Israel's Nation-in-Arms | [
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https://openalex.org/W2901531675 | In the face of violence: a political reading of IDF women soldiers in two Israeli films of the 2000s | [
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https://openalex.org/W3150633695 | The effect of language on performance: do gendered languages fail women in maths? | [
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https://openalex.org/W2466702083 | Arab Women in Israeli Politics: Aspirations for Fundamental Equality or Preservation of Gender Inequality? | [
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https://openalex.org/W1675634863 | Women in the Changing World of the Kibbutz | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1675634863 | Several recent decisions in the kibbutz movement in Israel may bring about far-reaching ideological, sociological and economic changes. This article examines the status of kibbutz women in the worksphere, in management and in the social structure of the changing environment of the kibbutz. The failure to include gender equality among the factors crucial to kibbutz survival, and the concentration on economic factors, have intensified gender inequality in kibbutz society. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2165141596 | Militarization and Gender: The Israeli Experience | [
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2165141596 | Abstract The major effect of militarization on the status of women and gender equality derives from the centrality accorded the army in Israeli society. In a society engaged in war or protracted armed conflict the army assumes an essential and critical role in the lives and views of its citizens. Insofar as the army is a patriarchal institution, it is these patriarchal values, norms and stereotypes that will be promulgated and reinforced as the young citizen moves from adolescence to adulthood in his and her obligatory military service. The different nature (and length) of this service for men as distinct from women, combined with the different way in which the military service of the two sexes is perceived both by the military and the society at large, and the advantages accrued to the men, as distinct from the women, all contribute to the inequality of women in Israeli society. The essentiality of the male-because of his dominant role in the army (as distinct from the female's merely subordinate role) and the attributes achieved by the male through his combat service (from which women are barred), render the male more “valued” by a society at war, that is, a society for which military security is the central preoccupation. How this effects women's interest in peace is a controversial question, only partially addressed by research and women's peace activism in Israel. | [
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https://openalex.org/W165529571 | Women's Issues in Israel | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W165529571 | This article discusses the equality between the sexes in contemporary Israel. It has a threefold focus: the causes of gender conflict and inequality, problems that remain serious issues, and a review of current programs responsive to women’s issues with comments and proposals for the future. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764801355",
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https://openalex.org/W3217679591 | The Effect of Language on Performance: Do Gendered Languages Fail Women in Maths? | [
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3217679591 | Research suggests that gendered languages are associated with gender inequality. However, as languages are embedded in cultures, evidence for causal effects are harder to provide. We contribute to this ongoing debate by exploring the relationship between gendered languages and the gender gap in mathematics achievements. We provide evidence for causality by exploiting the prominent (but not exclusive) practice in gendered languages of using masculine generics to address women. In an experiment on a large representative sample of the Hebrew-speaking adult population in Israel, we show that addressing women in the feminine, compared to addressing them in the masculine, reduces the gender gap in mathematics achievements by a third. These effects are stronger among participants who acquired the Hebrew language early in childhood rather than later in life, suggesting that it is the extent of language proficiency that generates one’s sensitivity to being addressed in the masculine or in the feminine. Moreover, when women are addressed in the masculine, their efforts (in terms of time spent on the maths test) decrease and they report feeling that “science is for men” more than when addressed in the feminine. We supplement the analysis with two experiments that explore the roles of general and task-specific stereotypes in generating these effects. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3158009369 | Disability Incidence Rates for Men and Women in 23 Countries: Evidence on Health Effects of Gender Inequality | [
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"display_name": "Peifeng Hu",
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3158009369 | Background: Inequality in gender varies across social contexts, which may influence the health of both men and women. Based on theories of gender as a social system, we examine whether systematic gender inequality at the macro level influences health of men and women in 23 countries.
Methods: Using harmonized panel data from the Gateway to Global Aging Data in 23 high and middle income countries (N=168,873), we estimate disability incidence over a 16 year time period for men and women (2000–2016). We first investigate gender differences in age gradients of disability onset within each country or geographic region. We then pool data from all countries and test the hypothesis that gender inequality increases the risk of disability incidence for men and women.
Results: We found substantial cross-country variation in disability incidence rates, and this variation is greater for women than for men. Among ages 65-69, disability incidence rates ranged from 0.4 to 5.0 for men and from 0.5 to 9.4 for women. Our within-country analysis showed significant gender differences in age gradients of disability incidence in the U.S., Korea, Southern Europe, Mexico, and China, but not in Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe, England and Israel. Testing hypothesized effects of gender inequality, we find that gender inequality is significantly associated with disability incidence for women, but not for men.
Conclusions: Macro-level societal gender inequality is significantly associated with risk of disability onset for women. Reducing and eliminating gender inequality is crucial to achieving good health for women. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2724097662 | Back to the Old Village? | [
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2724097662 | Moshavim and kibbutzim bore a different character than the rural settlements around the world that preceded them: moshavim and kibbutzim, founded as rural cooperatives, declared their commitment to the values of modernity and equality and endeavored to manifest them in daily life. The aspiration was for general equality and, putatively, also for gender equality. This research, based on a case study, examines the process of change in the patterns of gender division of labor on a moshav ʿovdim in the Arava in light of the privatization of the moshav cooperative - that is, the decline in the centrality of the cooperative in managing life in the moshav. The research presents the structure of the gender regime, the institutional expression that structured the gender division of labor and power in the moshav prior to its privatization. The conclusions of the research are that as long as the cooperative association of the moshav was an influential factor in the area of work in the moshav, women were an integral part of the labor market, even though gender equality never existed. In contrast, it is clear that the process of privatizing the association, which brought a change in the gender regime, effected a creeping decline in the function of women in the labor market in the moshav. That is, following the privatization of the cooperative in the moshav under study, values of gender inequality characteristic of a traditional, rural (western) environment were reinforced in both the public and the private spheres. The current study examines the patterns of gender division of labor following the privatization of the cooperative association on a moshav ʿovdim located in the central Arava region. Similar to other moshavei ʿovdim in Israel, Moshav Zin underwent a process of privatization in 1989, and the association thereafter withdrew from many areas that had been its responsibility such as the distribution of production quotas, managing credit and capital, and more. These areas were transferred to the responsibility of the family farms in Moshav Zin, as in other moshavim following the privatization process. Still, on the surface a change in the roles of the association should not have brought about a change in the patterns of gender division of labor. This case study, which examines a moshav ʿovdim in the periphery that remained agricultural even after privatization, shows that after the process of privatization the proportion of women in the labor market in the moshav decreased significantly, and therefore their personal and professional prestige was also harmed. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4311008996 | Gender Disparity in Access to Higher Education: A Review of the Literature with Special Reference to the Omani Context | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2163710303 | In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013.We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19,244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m(2) or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3-30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down.Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1916038286 | The prevalence and trends of overweight, obesity and nutrition‐related non‐communicable diseases in the Arabian Gulf States | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1916038286 | Summary This paper reviews studies on the prevalence of overweight, obesity and related nutrition‐related non‐communicable diseases in Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Obesity is common among women; while men have an equal or higher overweight prevalence. Among adults, overweight plus obesity rates are especially high in Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, and especially among 30–60 year olds (70–85% among men; 75–88% among women), with lower levels among younger and elderly adults. The rate of increase in obesity was pronounced in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Prevalence of obesity is high among Kuwaiti and Saudi pre‐schoolers (8–9%), while adolescent overweight and obesity are among the highest in the world, with Kuwait having the worst estimates (40–46%); however, comparison of child data is difficult because of differing standards. Among nutrition‐related non‐communicable diseases, hypertension and diabetes levels are very high and increase with age, with the UAE performing the worst because of a rapid rate of increase between 1995 and 2000. Additional monitoring of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and cancers is necessary. Nationally representative longitudinal surveys with individual, household and community‐level information are needed to determine the importance of various factors that contribute to these troubling trends. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1524307850 | Antibiotic resistance as a global threat: Evidence from China, Kuwait and the United States | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1524307850 | Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is an under-appreciated threat to public health in nations around the globe. With globalization booming, it is important to understand international patterns of resistance. If countries already experience similar patterns of resistance, it may be too late to worry about international spread. If large countries or groups of countries that are likely to leap ahead in their integration with the rest of the world – China being the standout case – have high and distinctive patterns of resistance, then a coordinated response could substantially help to control the spread of resistance. The literature to date provides only limited evidence on these issues. Methods We study the recent patterns of antibiotic resistance in three geographically separated, and culturally and economically distinct countries – China, Kuwait and the United States – to gauge the range and depth of this global health threat, and its potential for growth as globalization expands. Our primary measures are the prevalence of resistance of specific bacteria to specific antibiotics. We also propose and illustrate methods for aggregating specific "bug-drug" data. We use these aggregate measures to summarize the resistance pattern for each country and to study the extent of correlation between countries' patterns of drug resistance. Results We find that China has the highest level of antibiotic resistance, followed by Kuwait and the U.S. In a study of resistance patterns of several most common bacteria in China in 1999 and 2001, the mean prevalence of resistance among hospital-acquired infections was as high as 41% (with a range from 23% to 77%) and that among community- acquired infections was 26% (with a range from 15% to 39%). China also has the most rapid growth rate of resistance (22% average growth in a study spanning 1994 to 2000). Kuwait is second (17% average growth in a period from 1999 to 2003), and the U.S. the lowest (6% from 1999 to 2002). Patterns of resistance across the three countries are not highly correlated; the most correlated were China and Kuwait, followed by Kuwait and the U.S., and the least correlated pair was China and the U.S. Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance is a serious and growing problem in all three countries. To date, there is not strong international convergence in the countries' resistance patterns. This finding may change with the greater international travel that will accompany globalization. Future research on the determinants of drug resistance patterns, and their international convergence or divergence, should be a priority. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2604860225 | Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2604860225 | BackgroundThe scale-up of tobacco control, especially after the adoption of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control, is a major public health success story. Nonetheless, smoking remains a leading risk for early death and disability worldwide, and therefore continues to require sustained political commitment. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) offers a robust platform through which global, regional, and national progress toward achieving smoking-related targets can be assessed.MethodsWe synthesised 2818 data sources with spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression and produced estimates of daily smoking prevalence by sex, age group, and year for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We analysed 38 risk-outcome pairs to generate estimates of smoking-attributable mortality and disease burden, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). We then performed a cohort analysis of smoking prevalence by birth-year cohort to better understand temporal age patterns in smoking. We also did a decomposition analysis, in which we parsed out changes in all-cause smoking-attributable DALYs due to changes in population growth, population ageing, smoking prevalence, and risk-deleted DALY rates. Finally, we explored results by level of development using the Socio-demographic Index (SDI).FindingsWorldwide, the age-standardised prevalence of daily smoking was 25·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 24·2–25·7) for men and 5·4% (5·1–5·7) for women, representing 28·4% (25·8–31·1) and 34·4% (29·4–38·6) reductions, respectively, since 1990. A greater percentage of countries and territories achieved significant annualised rates of decline in smoking prevalence from 1990 to 2005 than in between 2005 and 2015; however, only four countries had significant annualised increases in smoking prevalence between 2005 and 2015 (Congo [Brazzaville] and Azerbaijan for men and Kuwait and Timor-Leste for women). In 2015, 11·5% of global deaths (6·4 million [95% UI 5·7–7·0 million]) were attributable to smoking worldwide, of which 52·2% took place in four countries (China, India, the USA, and Russia). Smoking was ranked among the five leading risk factors by DALYs in 109 countries and territories in 2015, rising from 88 geographies in 1990. In terms of birth cohorts, male smoking prevalence followed similar age patterns across levels of SDI, whereas much more heterogeneity was found in age patterns for female smokers by level of development. While smoking prevalence and risk-deleted DALY rates mostly decreased by sex and SDI quintile, population growth, population ageing, or a combination of both, drove rises in overall smoking-attributable DALYs in low-SDI to middle-SDI geographies between 2005 and 2015.InterpretationThe pace of progress in reducing smoking prevalence has been heterogeneous across geographies, development status, and sex, and as highlighted by more recent trends, maintaining past rates of decline should not be taken for granted, especially in women and in low-SDI to middle-SDI countries. Beyond the effect of the tobacco industry and societal mores, a crucial challenge facing tobacco control initiatives is that demographic forces are poised to heighten smoking's global toll, unless progress in preventing initiation and promoting cessation can be substantially accelerated. Greater success in tobacco control is possible but requires effective, comprehensive, and adequately implemented and enforced policies, which might in turn require global and national levels of political commitment beyond what has been achieved during the past 25 years.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Bloomberg Philanthropies. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2111281020 | Seasonality of disease in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2111281020 | To compare the seasonal variation in total mortality and deaths from cardiovascular, respiratory, and malignant disease, data were collected from North-East Scotland (Grampian region) and Kuwait. Seasonal differences were similar, in both timing and degree, for total mortality and deaths from circulatory disease, but were greater in Kuwait for respiratory disease. Peak mortality was during winter in both areas: in Grampian, when the climate is most uncomfortable, and in Kuwait, when the climate is at its most comfortable. Socioeconomic changes in Kuwait have been accompanied by a rapid fall in the degree of seasonality (deseasonality) for both total and infant mortality. These findings suggest that mortality peaks in winter, not because of a seasonally low temperature, but because of a seasonal fall in mean temperature irrespective of the annual mean temperature.Seasonality of total mortality in Kuwait and causes of death from cardiovascular, respiratory, malignancy, injuries and poisoning, and all other diseases was analyzed by the cosinor method, and compared to data from Grampian, East Scotland as an example of an industrialized area. Data for Kuwait were taken from Ministries of Public Health and of Planning. For cosinor analysis, the mean mortality from each cause was computed, and the percent change for each month is called amplitude. For Kuwait the total mortality peaks in winter, with a declining amplitude, from 20% in the mid-1970s, to about 10% in the mid 1980s. Improved public health typically causes this reduction in seasonal amplitude, called deseasonality. Kuwait's seasonal deaths are largely due to 40% seasonality in cardiovascular deaths. Deaths due to malignancy, injuries and poisonings, and all other deaths are not seasonal. In comparison, in Grampian, 60% of total mortality is cardiovascular and is seasonal, and injuries and all other diseases are also seasonal, while malignancies are not seasonal. The phasing of seasonal cardiovascular deaths is similar in both locations, with similar peaks of about 20% in January. For both areas the timing of respiratory deaths peaks in February, but the amplitude is 46% for Kuwait compared to 33% for Grampian. Kuwait also had significant winter peaks for infectious and parasitic diseases, congenital anomalies and perinatal deaths, accounting for 27% of all deaths, while these causes made up only 2% of deaths in Scotland. Kuwait has a relatively higher proportion of infant deaths, 24.7%, with seasonality, while Grampian has more deaths of elderly 75, 48%, also seasonal. Both locations are in the northern hemisphere, with lowest temperatures in the winter. Grampian's July mean temperatures, however are similar to Kuwait's January mean. Grampian also differs from Kuwait in a much wider variation in photoperiodicity, or day length. The reasons why mortality peaks in warm climates in pleasant winter conditions is not known. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2082374528 | Public knowledge of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in Kuwait: a cross-sectional survey | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2082374528 | Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is estimated to cause 46% of all mortalities in Kuwait. To design effective primary and secondary prevention programs, an assessment of a population's prior CVD knowledge is of paramount importance. There is scarcity of data on the existing CVD knowledge among the general Kuwaiti population. Hence, this study was performed to assess the level of knowledge towards CVD types, warning symptoms of heart attack or stroke, and CVD risk factors. It also explored public views on the community pharmacists' role in CVD prevention and management.A descriptive cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 900 randomly selected Kuwaiti individuals. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis.The response rate was 90.7%. Respondents' knowledge about types of CVD, heart attack or stroke symptoms was low. Almost 60% of respondents did not know any type of CVD, and coronary heart disease was the commonest identified type (29.0%). Two-fifths of participants were not aware of any heart attack symptoms, and the most commonly known were chest pain (50.4%) and shortness of breath (48.0%). Approximately half of respondents did not recognize any stroke symptoms, and the most commonly recognized were 'confusion or trouble speaking' (36.4%) and 'numbness or weakness' (34.7%). Respondents' knowledge regarding CVD risk factors was moderate. The commonest factors identified by over four-fifths of participants were smoking, obesity, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent predictors of better level of CVD knowledge were females, age 50-59 years, high level of education, regular eating of healthy diet, and had a family history of CVD. Most of respondents only identified the role that pharmacists had to play is to help patients manage their medications, with a minimal role in other aspects of CVD prevention and management.There are deficiencies in CVD knowledge among Kuwaiti population, which could turn into insufficient preventative behaviours and suboptimal patient outcomes. There is an apparent need to establish more wide-spread and effective educational interventions, which should be sensitive to the perceptions, attitudes, and abilities of targeted individuals. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2034869259 | Public awareness, patterns of use and attitudes toward natural health products in Kuwait: a cross-sectional survey | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2034869259 | There has been a global rise in the use of natural health products (NHPs). Proper regulation of NHPs is pivotal to ensure good quality control standards, enhance consumers' safety and facilitate their integration into modern healthcare systems. There is scarcity of published data on the prevalence of NHPs usage among the general Kuwaiti population. Hence, this study was designed to determine awareness, patterns of use, general attitude and information requirements about NHPs among the public in Kuwait. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 1300 Kuwaiti individuals, selected from six governorates in Kuwait using a multistage stratified clustered sampling. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis. The response rate was 90.2%. NHPs were thought to be herbal remedies by most of participants (63.5%), followed by vitamins/minerals (40.5%), traditional medicines (21.1%), probiotics (14.9%), amino acids and essential fatty acids (7.2%), and homeopathic medicines (5.6%). NHPs usage was reported by 71.4% (95% CI: 68.8-74.0%) of respondents, and mostly associated with females (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.44-2.51). Herbal remedies were the most commonly used (41.3%; 95% CI: 38.5-44.2%). The most common reasons for using NHPs were to promote and maintain health and to prevent illness and build immune system. Family members and/or friends and mass media were the main sources for providing information about NHPs. About 18% of consumers have experienced a side effect due to using a NHP. Attitudes toward NHPs were generally positive; with more than 75% of participants believing that the Ministry of Health in Kuwait should regulate the claims made by the manufacturers of NHPs and it is important to talk to a medical doctor or a pharmacist prior to using NHPs. Most of the respondents showed increased interest to acquire knowledge about different types of information related to NHPs. The prevalence of use of NHPs among Kuwaiti population is high. The present findings have major public health policy implications for Kuwait. Therefore, there is an apparent need to establish effective health education programs and implement better and more regulated NHPs use policies in Kuwait. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3092002788 | Does COVID-19 change dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours in Kuwait: a community-based cross-sectional study | [
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C31903555"
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{
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"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"https://openalex.org/W3039884004",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3092002788 | Abstract Background The coronavirus pandemic has transformed and continues to transform and affect the daily lives of communities worldwide, particularly due to the lockdown restrictions. Therefore, this study was designed to understand the changes in dietary and lifestyle behaviours that are major determinants of health during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a convenience sample of 415 adults living in Kuwait (age range 18–73 years). Results The rate of skipping breakfast remained consistent, with a slight increase during the pandemic. Lunch remained the main reported meal before and during COVID-19. Compared to before COVID-19, people were much more likely have a late-night snack or meal during COVID-19 (OR = 3.57 (95% CI 1.79–7.26), p < 0.001). Moreover, there was a drastic decrease in the frequency of fast-food consumption during COVID-19, up to 82% reported not consuming fast food ( p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the percentage of participants who had their main meal freshly made (OR = 59.18 (95% CI 6.55–1400.76), p = 0.001). Regarding food group patterns, no significant differences were found before and during the pandemic in terms of the weekly frequency of consumption, except in the case of fish and seafood. There were no remarkable changes in beverage consumption habits among participants before and during the pandemic, except for Americano coffee and fresh juice. Furthermore, there was a great reduction in physical activity and an increase in the amount of screen time and sedentary behaviours. A notable increase was detected in day-time sleep and a decrease in night-time sleep among participants. Conclusion In general, this study indicates some changes in daily life, including changes in some eating practices, physical activity and sleeping habits during the pandemic. It is important that the government considers the need for nutrition education programmes and campaigns, particularly during this critical period of the pandemic in Kuwait. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
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https://openalex.org/W3114426951 | COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide: a systematic review of vaccine acceptance rates | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3114426951 | Abstract Introduction Utility of vaccine campaigns to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not merely dependent on vaccine efficacy and safety. Vaccine acceptance among the general public and the healthcare workers, appears to have a decisive role for successful control of the pandemic. Aim To provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide. Methods A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on December 25, 2020. Results from 30 studies, met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis for final COVID-19 vaccine acceptance estimates. Results of an additional recent survey from Jordan and Kuwait was considered in this review as well. Results Survey studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found from 33 different countries. Among adults representing the general public, the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Ecuador (97.0%), Malaysia (94.3%), Indonesia (93.3%) and China (91.3%). On the other hand, the lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Kuwait (23.6%), Jordan (28.4%), Italy (53.7), Russia (54.9%), Poland (56.3%), US (56.9%), and France (58.9%). Only eight surveys among healthcare workers (doctors, nurses) were found, with vaccine acceptance rates ranging from 27.7% in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to 78.1% in Israel. In a majority of survey studies among the general public (62%), the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination showed a level of ≥ 70%. Conclusions Low rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were reported in the Middle East, Russia, Africa and several European countries. This could represent a major problem in the global efforts that aim to control the current COVID-19 pandemic. More studies are recommended to address the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Such studies are particularly needed in the Middle East Africa, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Middle and Latin America. Graphical Abstract COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates worldwide For countries with more than one survey study, the vaccine acceptance rate of the latest survey was used in this graph. The estimates were also based on studies from the general population, except in the following cases were no studies from the general public were found (Australia: parents/guardians; DRC: healthcare workers; Hong Kong: healthcare workers; Malta: healthcare workers). | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2080303466 | High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Kuwaiti Adults —A Wake-Up Call for Public Health Intervention | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2080303466 | The socio-economic development which followed the discovery of oil resources brought about considerable changes in the food habits and lifestyle of the Kuwaiti population. Excessive caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure due to a sedentary lifestyle have led to a rapid increase in obesity, diabetes and other non-communicable chronic diseases in the population. In this paper, we examine the prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among Kuwaiti adults (≥20 years) using data from the first national nutrition survey conducted between July 2008 and November 2009. The prevalence of MetS was 37.7% in females and 34.2% in males by NCEP criteria, whereas the values were 40.1% in females and 41.7% in males according to IDF criteria. Prevalence of MetS increased with age and was higher in females than males. The high prevalence of the MetS in Kuwaiti adults warrants urgent public health measures to prevent morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular complications in the future. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2794787849 | Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2794787849 | Conducting patient safety culture assessments can provide hospitals with information on how structures and processes within their system can impact patient outcomes. This study used the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) to conduct an assessment of patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait and benchmark against regional and international studies that utilized the same tool. This objective of this study is to examine the association between the predictors and outcomes of patient safety culture. This cross sectional study adopted a customized version of HSOPSC developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The survey targeted selected public hospital staff with at least one year of experience. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24 at a significance level of 0.05. Univariate analysis was utilized to obtain an overview of respondent demographics. The association between patient safety grade and the number of events reported and the remaining patient safety culture composites was analyzed using ANOVA f-test. Four regression models were constructed, two adopted Generalized Estimating Equations and the others were linear models. Results were benchmarked against similar initiatives in Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and USA. A total of 12,092 employees from 16 public hospitals in Kuwait completed the survey. The overall response rate was 60.5% (20,003 distributed surveys). Areas of strength were Teamwork within Units, Organizational Learning—Continuous Improvement, Management Support for Patient Safety, Supervisor/Manager Expectations & Actions Promoting Patient Safety, and Feedback and Communication about Error. Regression findings highlighted significant association between patient safety outcomes and composites. Benchmarking analysis revealed that Kuwaiti hospitals are performing at or better than benchmark on several composites compared to regional and international findings. This is the first major study addressing patient safety culture in public hospitals in Kuwait. Despite having some areas for improvement, public hospitals in Kuwait were found to have multiple areas of strength. Improving patient safety culture is critical if hospitals want to improve quality and safety of medical services. Study findings can guide and inform country level strategies to further improve the systems governing patient safety practices. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2014798538 | Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Antibiotic Use among the Public in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2014798538 | Background The emergence and spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem worldwide, which presents a significant threat to public health globally in the 21st century. A substantial evidence has shown that the general community plays a role in the increase and spread of antibiotic resistance. The present study was designed to determine knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotic use. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered questionnaire on a sample of 770 randomly selected Kuwaiti individuals. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis. Results The response rate was 88.3%. Nearly three-quarters (72.8%) of respondents had been prescribed antibiotics within 12 months prior to the study period, and 36% of them had not finished the course of treatment. Over one-quarter (27.5%) were self-medicated with antibiotics to treat mainly common cold, sore throat and cough. Self-medication was more prevalent among those who were prescribed antibiotics and those who had attitudes towards using and accessing antibiotic inappropriately. Almost 47% of participants had low knowledge regarding action, use, safety and resistance of antibiotics. Forty one percent of respondents had attitudes towards using and accessing antibiotic inappropriately. Better knowledge was found to be a predictor for positive attitude. Respondents level of agreement that doctors often prescribe antibiotics to meet the patient’s expectation, and that doctors often take time to consider carefully the need for an antibiotic were 52.7% and 35.3%, respectively. Conclusions These findings will aid in the assessment of the adequacy of present public educational campaigns. Also, it will provide further insight in designing future multifaceted interventions to promote specific messages to rationalize antibiotic use, and compensate for knowledge and attitude gaps as an effort towards preventing development of antibiotic resistance. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1543436924 | Knowledge of and attitudes towards tobacco control among smoking and non-smoking physicians in 2 Gulf Arab states. | [
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"Kuwait",
"Bahrain"
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"https://openalex.org/W2435515323",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1543436924 | The global health professional survey is a project organized by the World Health Organization, to determine the smoking habits, knowledge and attitude towards tobacco control of health professionals in several countries around the world. This paper presents data from Kuwait and Bahrain.The survey period was between May 2000 and March 2001. A questionnaire was distributed to all physicians in Bahrain and to a random sample from Kuwait. The responses to knowledge and attitude questions were on a scale of 1-5, (1 strongly agree, 2 agree, 3 unsure, 4 disagree and 5 strongly disagree).Four hundred and seventy physicians from Bahrain and 1095 from Kuwait completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of cigarette smoking in Kuwait was: current smokers 18.4%, previous smokers 15.8%, Bahrain 14.6% and 14.3%. The prevalence of shisha smoking was 12% and 6.4% for Kuwait and Bahrain, (p=0.004). The mean scores of agreement with the association between passive smoking and lung diseases, lower respiratory tract infections in children were 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8, 1.9 for non smoking physicians and smoking physicians (P<0.01). The mean scores of agreement with the following policies: large health warning on cigarette packages, complete ban on tobacco advertisement and an increase in the price of cigarette were 1.3, 1.4, 1.7 and 1.7, 1.7, 2.5 for smoking and non-smoking physicians (p<0.01).Smoking physicians have less knowledge and less favorable attitude towards tobacco control compared to non-smokers. There was no difference in the prevalence of cigarette smoking between Kuwait and Bahrain, but the prevalence of shisha smoking was higher in Kuwait. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2086932481 | Oral health behaviour of 12‐year‐old children in Kuwait | [
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"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1979919875",
"https://openalex.org/W2042975083",
"https://openalex.org/W2051068003",
"https://openalex.org/W2070924603",
"https://openalex.org/W2075695386",
"https://openalex.org/W2154984563",
"https://openalex.org/W2164765677"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2086932481 | Objectives . The objectives of the study were: (1) to describe the pattern of oral health behaviour of 12‐year‐old children in Kuwait, (2) to analyse this in relation to parental education, dental visiting habits and location, and (3) to establish a baseline for planning and evaluation of an oral health care programme for secondary schoolchildren. Design . Cross‐sectional, interviews with children in 1995. Sample and methods . The sample included 500 12‐year‐old schoolchildren (250 boys and 250 girls) selected from schools in Kuwait. All the children agreed to take part. Interviews with the children were carried out in the schools by four trained and calibrated Arabic speaking interviewers. Results . During the previous 12 months, 28% of the children had experienced oral health problems – toothache (10%), or had felt discomfort (18%) either often or occassionally. The children reported that they needed oral hygiene instruction (71%), fillings (32%) and tooth extraction (23%). For 53% of the children the reason for the most recent visit to a dentist was pain or problems with teeth or gums. At their last dental visit 26% of the children had undergone a tooth extraction. The consumption of sugary foods and drinks was extremely high. Children who had visited a dentist within the last 12 months and children whose parents had higher education levels more often claimed frequent toothbrushing than those with no previous dental visiting experience and those whose parents had a low level of education. Conclusions . Oral health education and oral health care programmes should be established in secondary schools in Kuwait to influence the oral health behaviour of the children and to avoid further deterioration in their oral health. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W3140193707 | Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and associations with socio-demographic factors in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3140193707 | Abstract Background Kuwait is amongst countries in the Gulf region with high income economy. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), one in five adults in the Gulf region is obese. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence and magnitude of association between overweight, obesity, central obesity, and socio-demographic factors in Kuwait. Methods A population-based cross-sectional survey of diabetes and obesity in Kuwait – part of the Kuwait Diabetes Epidemiology Program – was conducted between 2011 and 2014, targeting adults aged 18–82 years using the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease surveillance. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to classify overweight and obesity, and waist circumference (WC) used to express central obesity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate relationships between socio-demographic factors, overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m 2 ), obesity (≥30.0 kg/m 2 ) or central obesity (WC ≥ 80 cm women; WC ≥ 94 cm men). Results Records for gender (56% Men), age, BMI, governorate, and nationality existed for 4901 individuals. Mean age and BMI were 43 years and 30 kg/m 2 , respectively. Non-Kuwaiti nationals were more prevalent than Kuwaitis (76% vs 24%). Prevalence rates for overweight, obesity and central obesity were 40.6% (95%CI: 38.4–42.8%), 42.1% (95%CI: 40.0–44.3%) and 73.7% (95%CI: 71.7–75.6%), respectively. The youngest age group (18–29 years) had rates of 38.2% (95%CI: 29.2–47.7%), 27.2% (95%CI: 19.0–36.7%) and 49.9% (95%CI: 40.6–59.1%) for overweight, obesity and central obesity, respectively. In covariate-adjusted analyses, the odds of being overweight was 26% greater for men than for women. Conversely, women had a 54% (95%CI: 19–99%) and 7-fold (95%CI, 5–10-fold) greater odds of obesity/central obesity, respectively, than men. Greater educational attainment, physical activity, and non-Kuwaiti status were associated with lower odds of obesity/central obesity. History of smoking, elevated blood pressure, higher income, being married, greater age and female sex related to greater odds of obesity/central obesity. Conclusion Overweight was greater in men, obesity greater in women. Overweight and obesity prevalence were high in young adults aged 18–29 years, a significant public health concern. Efforts to integrate mandatory physical education to the school curriculum and promoting the creation of recreation spaces/parks to promote physical activities, will play a vital role in the early prevention of overweight/obesity in Kuwait. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W1498082926 | Oral health in Kuwait | [
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{
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"display_name": "Flemming Scheutz",
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{
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"https://openalex.org/W2092893562",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1498082926 | This paper reviews oral health in Kuwait, based on all the surveys conducted in the country. In the global perspective, the prevalence of dental caries in Kuwait is high and there is no indication of a decrease, contrary to that observed in most industrialised countries. The periodontal diseases are common, affecting the majority of the population. Oral health promotion needs to be strengthened and a defined strategy should be developed and implemented for the improvement of the quality of life of individuals. Children and disadvantaged groups of the population should be given the priority when focusing on national oral health care efforts. | [
{
"display_name": "International Dental Journal",
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{
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|
https://openalex.org/W3084139336 | COVID-19 clinical outcomes and nationality: results from a Nationwide registry in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3084139336 | In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, many have flagged racial and ethnic differences in health outcomes in western countries as an urgent global public health priority. Kuwait has a unique demographic profile with two-thirds of the population consisting of non-nationals, most of which are migrant workers. We aimed to explore whether there is a significant difference in health outcomes between non-Kuwaiti and Kuwaiti patients diagnosed with COVID-19.We used a prospective COVID-19 registry of all patients (symptomatic and asymptomatic) in Kuwait who tested positive from February 24th to April 20th, 2020, collected from Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Hospital, the officially-designated COVID-19 healthcare facility in the country. We ran separate logistic regression models comparing non-Kuwaitis to Kuwaitis for death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia.The first 1123 COVID-19 positive patients in Kuwait were all recruited in the study. About 26% were Kuwaitis and 73% were non-Kuwaiti. With adjustments made to age, gender, smoking and selected co-morbidities, non-Kuwaitis had two-fold increase in the odds of death or being admitted to the intensive care unit compared to Kuwaitis (OR: 2.14, 95% CI 1.12-4.32). Non-Kuwaitis had also higher odds of ARDS (OR:2.44, 95% CI 1.23-5.09) and pneumonia (OR: 2.24, 95% CI 1.27-4.12).This is the first study to report on COVID-19 outcomes between Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti patients. The current pandemic may have amplified the differences of health outcomes among marginalized subpopulations. A number of socioeconomic and environmental factors could explain this health disparity. More research is needed to advance the understanding of policymakers in Kuwait in order to make urgent public health interventions. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2018110803 | Perceived barriers to weight maintenance among university students in Kuwait: the role of gender and obesity | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2018110803 | To investigate the barriers to weight maintenance among university students in Kuwait by gender and obesity.A sample of 530 students was selected at convenience from four universities in Kuwait (2 public and 2 private). The age of students ranged from 19 to 26 years. A self-reported pretested questionnaire was used to obtain the barriers, which were divided into barriers to healthy eating and barriers to physical activity. Weight and height were based on self-reporting, and the students were grouped into non-obese and obese according to the WHO classification. The response options to barriers were: very important, somewhat important and not important.The main barriers to healthy eating for both genders were: "Do not have skills to plan, shop for, prepare or cook healthy foods" and "Not having time to prepare or eat healthy food". In general, there were no significant differences between men and women in barriers to healthy eating. There were highly significant differences between men and women regarding barriers to physical activity (P values ranged from <0.001 to <0.016). "Not having time to be physically active" and "The climate is not suitable for practising exercise" were the main barriers reported. Obese men were more likely to face barriers to healthy eating than non-obese men. There were no significant differences between obese and non-obese women regarding barriers to healthy eating and physical activity.The findings of this study can be utilized in intervention activities to promote a healthy lifestyle and to combat obesity in Kuwait, and maybe in other Arab countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2023353371 | Waist circumference percentiles for Kuwaiti children and adolescents | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2023353371 | Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. Yet there are no waist circumference (WC) cut-offs for children in the Arabian Gulf. We developed smoothed WC percentiles for 5-19-year-old Kuwaiti children and adolescents, which could be used in clinical and public health practice. We also examined the percentages of children who had WC ≥ 90th percentile, a value commonly associated with an elevated risk of CVD.This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted by the Kuwait National Nutrition Surveillance System.Data were collected from representative primary-, intermediate- and secondary-school children as part of the yearly nutrition and health monitoring. Least mean square regression was used to develop smoothed WC curves.A total of 9593 healthy 5.0-18.9-year-old children of both sexes were studied from all areas of Kuwait. Age, gender, residency, education level, weight, height and WC were collected for all participants.We developed the first smoothed WC curves for Kuwaiti children. Male children had higher WC than female children. WC increased with age in both genders, but larger percentages of male children had WC ≥ 90th percentile. Male children aged >10 years have higher WC percentiles than do female children at the 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th percentiles.Male children (especially those aged >10 years) are at higher risk than female children. Few health-care professionals routinely measure WC. WC measurement should be promoted as an important tool in paediatric primary care practice. The use of these age- and gender-specific percentiles can impact public health recommendations for Kuwaiti and other Arab children from the Gulf. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3040703007 | COVID-19 stressors on migrant workers in Kuwait: cumulative risk considerations | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3040703007 | As a marginalised subpopulation, migrant workers often fall short from protection by public policies, they take precarious jobs with unsafe working and living conditions and they grapple with cultural and linguistic barriers. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, migrant workers are now exposed to additional stressors of the virus and related responses. We applied a comprehensive qualitative cumulative risk assessment framework for migrant workers living in Kuwait. This pandemic could be one of the few examples where the stressors overlap all domains of migrant workers’ lives. No single intervention can solve all the problems; there must be a set of interventions to address all domains. Local authorities and employers must act quickly to stop the spread, ensure easy access to testing and treatment, provide adequate housing and clear communication, encourage wide social support, safeguard financial protection and mental well-being and continuously re-evaluate the situation as more data are collected. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2165205353 | Usage and perceptions of anabolic-androgenic steroids among male fitness centre attendees in Kuwait - a cross-sectional study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2165205353 | Considering the recent popularity of bodybuilding and the apparent spread of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use amongst bodybuilding enthusiasts in Kuwait, there is a relative lack of scientific investigation into the use, knowledge and attitudes towards AAS amongst the population at risk of abusing it. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the frequency, knowledge, attitudes and practice of AAS use amongst male fitness centre attendees in Kuwait.A cross sectional survey utilizing a self-administered questionnaire was used. Information on demographics as well as knowledge and attitude about and towards the use of AAS was included in the questionnaire. Ten fitness centres in Kuwait were randomly selected and questionnaires were distributed to all individuals leaving each centre on randomly selected days and periods of time for each centre. Overall n = 400 questionnaires were distributed.A total of n = 194 questionnaires were returned completed (~49%). Of the responders, 22.7% used AAS. The 19-25 age group had the highest occurrence (46.8%) of first-time AAS use. In contrast with non-users, most (70.5%) of AAS users believed that having an optimally muscular body can only be achieved by using AAS, and a small minority (6.8%) believed that AAS usage would have significant harms to health. Only 18.2% of AAS users had appropriate knowledge regarding the side effects of AAS. Non-users were as much uninformed as AAS users regarding the side effects of AAS.The usage of AAS is high amongst male gym users in Kuwait and is likely to present an additional burden to the health service. An effective initiative to minimize the burden of AAS abuse should focus on changing the attitudes towards AAS rather than spreading awareness of their side effects. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3146122827 | Monitoring COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Kuwait During the Pandemic: Results from a National Serial Study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3146122827 | With COVD-19 cases on the rise globally and two approved vaccines, determining vaccine acceptance is imperative to avoid low inoculation rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes and determinants of vaccine acceptance among citizens and non-citizens, over time during the pandemic in Kuwait.Data were obtained from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO Kuwait) study that was implemented according to the WHO tool for behavioral insights on COVID-19. Data was collected online, every two weeks throughout the pandemic. Individuals living in Kuwait during the pandemic were surveyed, representing an independent sample of the population during each data collection wave.A total of 7241 adults living in Kuwait participated. Sixty-seven percent of those participating agreed to take a vaccine if it was available and recommended. However, the proportion of vaccine acceptance drastically dropped overtime as COVID-19 related restrictions were eased, among citizens (73 to 47%) and noncitizens (80 to 60%). Some factors associated with increased odds of agreeing to take the COVID-19 vaccine, among citizens and non-citizens, included increased frequency of informing oneself about the virus (OR, 1.34-1.83; 95% confidence interval 1.16-2.55), having high versus low confidence in doctors (OR, 1.79-2.11; CI 1.17-3.80), increased agreement with containment policies (OR, 1.11-1.27; CI 1.05-1.41), expressing more fears and worries (OR, 1.05-1.12; 1.01-1.24), and the increased perceived likelihood of getting infected with influenza (OR, 1.3-1.4; CI 1.03-1.84). Decreased odds of agreement were associated with increased age (OR, 0.37-0.61; CI 0.26-0.95), being female (OR, 0.56-0.62; CI 0.43-0.73), and not taking the influenza vaccine in 2019 (OR, 0.61; CI 0.43-0.87).Vaccine acceptance was multifactorial, heterogenous among citizens and non-citizens, and changed over time. While acceptance was relatively high, it decreased throughout the pandemic and as restrictions in the country loosened. This increase in vaccine hesitancy reveals a challenge in achieving high inoculation levels, and the need for effective vaccine-promotion campaigns and increased health education in the country. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W182811619 | Gender differences in oral health knowledge and behavior of the health science college students in Kuwait. | [
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W182811619 | Dental caries and periodontal diseases have been declining in most industrialized countries, but this positive trend has not been seen in the Middle East. This study aimed to determine oral health knowledge and behavior of the students at the Health Sciences College in Kuwait as well as possible associated factors. This study was first conducted at the college of the male students (n = 153) during the autumn semester in 2001. A similar questionnaire study was then conducted at the college of the female students (n = 547) during the spring semester in 2002. The samples were merged for this study, for a total sample of 700 students. The response rate was 84% (n = 128) among the male students and 73% (n = 400) among the female students. Most of the students had visited a dentist during the past year, and quite a high proportion was seen for an examination or prevention. Female students reported twice-a-day tooth-brushing frequency much more often than did male students. They also used fluoride toothpaste more often than male students. Oral health knowledge (as a summary variable) was statistically significantly higher among the female students than among the male students. It was also strongly associated with the older age among the female students. The knowledge and oral health behavior of the Health Sciences College students in Kuwait, especially among the male students, seems to be poor and calls for an urgent improvement of health education programs. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W3135323521 | Applying Deep Learning Methods on Time-Series Data for Forecasting COVID-19 in Egypt, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I189575948",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3135323521 | The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is regarded as one of the most imminent disease outbreaks which threaten public health on various levels worldwide. Because of the unpredictable outbreak nature and the virus’s pandemic intensity, people are experiencing depression, anxiety, and other strain reactions. The response to prevent and control the new coronavirus pneumonia has reached a crucial point. Therefore, it is essential—for safety and prevention purposes—to promptly predict and forecast the virus outbreak in the course of this troublesome time to have control over its mortality. Recently, deep learning models are playing essential roles in handling time-series data in different applications. This paper presents a comparative study of two deep learning methods to forecast the confirmed cases and death cases of COVID-19. Long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) have been applied on time-series data in three countries: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait, from 1/5/2020 to 6/12/2020. The results show that LSTM has achieved the best performance in confirmed cases in the three countries, and GRU has achieved the best performance in death cases in Egypt and Kuwait. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2089773796 | Patterns of accidental deaths in Kuwait: a retrospective descriptive study from 2003–2009 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2089773796 | Accidents are a preventable cause of death. Unfortunately it accounts for a large number of deaths in many societies. In Kuwait, road traffic accidents (RTA) is the leading cause of death in young people. The study investigated the patterns of accidental deaths in Kuwait, one of the Gulf States which incorporates a wide variety of multi-ethnic communities. The study was retrospective from 2003–2009. Data of forensic cases were collected from the general department of criminal evidence (GDCE) in the ministry of interior (MOI).We attempted to find out causes of accidental death and the prevelance of each cause. Furthermore, the relationship of demographic factors (eg. Age, sex, marital status and nationality) with each cause of accidental death in Kuwait were studied. The material of this study constituted a total of 4886 reported accidental deaths referred for Medico-legal examination. Road traffic accidents was by far the most prevalent cause of death (64.6%) followed by fall from height (13.1%). Poisoning and mine explosions were amongst the least common causes. The government of Kuwait needs to take strong measures to promote safety in the workplace and households by educational campaigns. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2745137427 | Burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study | [] | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2745137427 | ObjectivesTo report the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) during 1990–2015.MethodsWe used the 2015 Global Burden of Disease study for estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of different CVD in 22 countries of EMR.ResultsA total of 1.4 million CVD deaths (95% UI: 1.3–1.5) occurred in 2015 in the EMR, with the highest number of deaths in Pakistan (465,116) and the lowest number of deaths in Qatar (723). The age-standardized DALY rate per 100,000 decreased from 10,080 in 1990 to 8606 in 2015 (14.6% decrease). Afghanistan had the highest age-standardized DALY rate of CVD in both 1990 and 2015. Kuwait and Qatar had the lowest age-standardized DALY rates of CVD in 1990 and 2015, respectively. High blood pressure, high total cholesterol, and high body mass index were the leading risk factors for CVD.ConclusionsThe age-standardized DALY rates in the EMR are considerably higher than the global average. These findings call for a comprehensive approach to prevent and control the burden of CVD in the region. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3187677058 | The Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Purchasing, Eating Behavior, and Perception of Food Safety in Kuwait | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3187677058 | During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government in Kuwait implemented public health measures to control the spread of the virus. However, despite the importance of these restrictions, normal activities related to purchasing of groceries, concerns related to food safety, and overall uncertainty may have influenced food behaviors and food consumption. Hence, the study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on food purchasing behaviors, eating behaviors, and the perception of food safety and security among residents in Kuwait. A cross-sectional study was carried out using self-administered questionnaires between 28 July 2020 and 31 August 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. A total of 841 respondents participated in the study. The study identified several changes in food purchasing behaviors, eating behaviors, food consumption, and consumers perceptions on food safety during the pandemic. The closures, restrictions, and changes in food purchasing evidently influenced individual’s eating behaviors. Largely, participants were found to (i) change their food purchasing behavior (74%); (ii) opt for online food delivery services (42.8%); (iii) purchase long-shelf-life foods (e.g., canned food and dry staples) (76%); (iv) consume more meals at home (76%); and (v) follow public health measures to reduce the spread of the virus and ensure their safety (98%). This study indicates that individuals during times of uncertainty and stress change their food purchasing behaviors, food consumption habits, and follow guidelines and recommendations. These findings may help public health initiatives to focus on raising awareness about the importance of health, wellbeing, and nutrition during times of crises. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3159135432 | Knowledge and Practices during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Middle East: A Cross-Sectional Study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3159135432 | Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of the general public in the Middle Eastern countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted between the 19th of March and the 6th of April 2020 in three Middle Eastern countries (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait) to explore the knowledge and practices of the Middle Eastern population regarding COVID-19. A previously developed questionnaire was adapted and used for this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 knowledge. Results: A total of 1208 participants (members of the public) participated from the three countries (Jordan = 389, Saudi Arabia = 433, and Kuwait = 386). The majority of participants (n = 810, 67.2%) were females aged 30 to 49 years (n = 501, 41.5%). Participants had moderate overall COVID-19 knowledge, with a mean (SD) score of 7.93 (±1.72) out of 12 (66.1%). Participants had better knowledge about disease prevention and control (83.0%), whereas the lowest sub-scale scores were for questions about disease transmission routes (43.3%). High education level was an important predictor of greater COVID-19 knowledge scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Further public education is needed to address the relatively low level of education regarding the transmission of COVID-19 in the Middle Eastern countries. Policymakers are recommended to develop informative COVID-19 related campaigns that specifically target young people (university students), unemployed individuals, and those with lower levels of education. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2947330751 | Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture: psychometric evaluation in Kuwaiti public healthcare settings | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2947330751 | As healthcare organisations endeavour to improve the quality and safety of their services, there is increasing recognition of the importance of building a culture of safety to promote patient safety and improve the outcomes of patient care. Surveys of safety culture/climate have not knowingly been conducted in Kuwait public hospitals, nor are valid or reliable survey instruments available for this context. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the HSOPSC (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture) tool in Kuwaiti public hospitals in addition to constructing an optimal model to assess the level of safety climate in this setting.Cross-sectional study.Three public hospitals in Kuwait.About 1317 healthcare professionals.An adapted and contextualised version of HSOPSC was used to conduct psychometric evaluation including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis reliability and correlation analysis.1317 questionnaires (87%) were returned. Psychometric evaluation, showed an optimal model of eight factors and 22 safety climate items. All items have strong factor loadings (0.42-0.86) and are theoretically related. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory results (α >0.60).This is the first validation study of a standardised safety climate measure in a Kuwaiti healthcare setting. An optimal model for assessing patient safety climate was produced that mirrors other international studies and which can be used for measuring the prevailing safety climate. More importance should be attached to the psychometric fidelity of safety climate questionnaires before extending their use in other healthcare culture and contexts internationally. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2269809107 | Quality of Type II Diabetes Care in Primary Health Care Centers in Kuwait: Employment of a Diabetes Quality Indicator Set (DQIS) | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2269809107 | Diabetes Mellitus is one of the major public health challenges, affecting more than 347 million adults worldwide. The impact of diabetes necessitates assessing the quality of care received by people with diabetes, especially in countries with a significant diabetes burden such as Kuwait. This paper aimed at piloting an approach for measuring Type II diabetes care performance through the use of a diabetes quality indicator set (DQIS) in primary health care. The DQIS for Kuwait was adapted from that developed by the National Diabetes Quality Improvement Alliance and the International Diabetes Federation. Five key care domains/measures were employed: (1) Blood glucose level measurement, (2) Cholesterol level measurement, (3) Blood pressure measurement, (4) Kidney function testing and (5) Smoking status check. The sample included the four major primary health care centers with the highest case load in Kuwait City, 4,241 patients in 2012 and 3,211 in 2010. Findings revealed the applicability and utility of employing performance indicators for diabetes care in Kuwait. Furthermore, findings revealed that many of the primary health care centers have achieved noteworthy improvement in diabetes care between 2010 and 2012, with the exception of smoking status check. The DQIS can help policymakers identify performance gaps and investigate key system roadblocks related to diabetes care in Kuwait. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2234638404 | Dental caries and dental fluorosis among 4-, 6-, 12- and 15-year-old children in kindergartens and public schools in Kuwait. | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2234638404 | The purpose of the present study was 1) to describe the occurrence of dental caries and fluorosis among children in kindergartens and public schools in Kuwait, and determine their need for dental health care, 2) to describe changes in caries prevalence and experience from 1982 to 1993 and 3) to provide a baseline for the evaluation of the preventive oral health programmes starting in Kuwait in 1994. The study population comprised 3,500 4-, 6-, 12- and 15-year-old children in kindergartens and public schools in Kuwait, selected by stratified cluster sampling. Dental caries was scored by surface in accordance with WHO criteria, and dental fluorosis was registered by Dean's index (modified). The mean deft was 4.6 at age 4 years, and 6.2 at age 6; 8 and 11 percent of the decay had been treated by extractions or fillings in the two respective age groups. Among the 6-, 12- and 15-year-old children DMFT was 0.2, 2.6 and 3.6 respectively; 12 and 14 percent of the decayed teeth of 12- and 15-year-old children had been treated. As to the 4- and 6-year-old children, 19 and 9 percent were caries-free in the deciduous teeth, while 86, 21 and 14 percent of the 6-, 12- and 15-year-old children were caries-free in the permanent teeth. Among the 4-year-old children 47 percent had caries in the front teeth. None of the children had severe dental fluorosis, but 6 percent at 12 and 15 years showed mild to moderate, but manifest, dental fluorosis. The survey revealed that caries experience as well as caries prevalence had increased since 1982, although there was a marked increase in the number of filled tooth surfaces in all age cohorts. However, in 1993 the DMFT of 12-year-old children was still well within WHO's global goal for the year 2000, whereas the prevalence of dental caries among 6-year-old was considerably higher than the WHO goal. | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2035637864 | Vox SanguinisVolume 65, Issue 4 p. 331-331 Is Dialysis Environment More Important Than Blood Transfusion in Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus during Hemodialysis? Madan Kapoor, Madan Kapoor Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorKamel El-Reshaid, Kamel El-Reshaid Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSiham Al-Mufti, Siham Al-Mufti Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorNabeel A. Sanad, Nabeel A. Sanad Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorAbraham Koshy, Corresponding Author Abraham Koshy Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitDepartment of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University, PB 24923 13110 Safat (Kuwait)Search for more papers by this author Madan Kapoor, Madan Kapoor Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorKamel El-Reshaid, Kamel El-Reshaid Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSiham Al-Mufti, Siham Al-Mufti Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorNabeel A. Sanad, Nabeel A. Sanad Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorAbraham Koshy, Corresponding Author Abraham Koshy Department of Nephrology and Thuniyan Al-Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital; Public Health Laboratory; Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Safat, KuwaitDepartment of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University, PB 24923 13110 Safat (Kuwait)Search for more papers by this author First published: November 1993 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1993.tb02176.xCitations: 13AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Mortimer PP, Coher BJ, Litton PA, Vander-velde EM, Bassedine MF, Brind AM, Hambling MH Hepatitis C virus antibody. Lancet 1989; ii: 798. 2 Machida J, Yamaguchi K, Ueda S, Yoshida M, Kusumoto Y, Nishimura Y, Futami G, Ishii T, Watanabe T, Takatsuki K High incidence of hepatitis C virus antibodies in hemodialysis patients. Nephron 1992; 60: 117–118. 3 Muller GY, Zabaleta ME, Arminio A, Colmenares CJ, Capriles FI, Bianco NE, Machado IV Risk factors for dialysis-associated hepatitis C in Venezuela. Kidney Int 1992; 41: 1055–1058. 4 Al-Nakib B, Koshy A, Kaloui M, Al-Ramahi S, Al-Mufti S, Radhakrishnan S, Al-Nakib W Hepatitis C virus antibody in Kuwait. Vox Sang 1992; 63: 75–76. Citing Literature Volume65, Issue4November 1993Pages 331-331 ReferencesRelatedInformation | [
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https://openalex.org/W2548355331 | Levels of Physical Activity among Kuwaiti Adults and Perceived Barriers | [
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"display_name": "Abeer Khaled Al-Baho",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2548355331 | Background: Regular Physical activity is associated with many positive health outcomes related to prevention and control of obesity and non-communicable diseases which have a high prevalence in Kuwait. The aim of our study was to investigate the level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults and interfering barriers. Methods: A cross sectional randomized study was used to collect data about physical activity level among 858 Kuwaiti adults using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Arabic version and perceived barriers to physical activity were investigated using an ecological framework. Regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of physical activity among participants. Results: The results revealed that 19.13% of the sample did not perform any physical activity and 38.1% had low physical activity level, with no significant difference between males and females. The most common perceived barriers were hot weather (75.9%), work duties (71.21%), laziness (44.3%), lack of time (38.6%), family responsibilities (36.1%) and chronic diseases (33.33%). Conclusion: The level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults was found to be low. This could be a reason for high levels of obesity in Kuwait. A comprehensive health promotion program including environmental and social modifications in addition to health education is suggested to improve physical activity among Kuwaiti adults. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3195669103 | COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the Public in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Survey | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3195669103 | Vaccine hesitancy (uncertainty or unwillingness to receive vaccinations) is a major barrier to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in the long term. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the public in Kuwait, to understand their attitudes towards vaccines in general, and to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4147 adults aged ≥ 18 years. The snowball sampling strategy was used for data collection through social media and e-mails. A total of 3061 (73.8%) respondents indicated that they were vaccinated or intending to be vaccinated against the COVID-19 infection, while 1086 (26.2%) expressed their vaccine hesitancy. The most common reasons for vaccine hesitancy were the concerns about the vaccine’s possible side effects, its rushed development, and its efficacy in preventing the infection. Over half (57.2%) of respondents expressed intermediate to high levels of negative attitude towards vaccines in general. On the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the findings revealed that vaccine hesitancy was significantly more prevalent among respondents aged 30–64 years; females; married or divorced; residents of Hawalli, Al-Farwaniyah, Al-Jahra, and Mubarak Al-Kabeer; had intermediate monthly average income; non-smokers; not feeling worried about catching the infection; do not know whether any of their family members have been infected or died because of COVID-19 infection; do not have a large extent of confidence in the Kuwait health system’s ability to handle the pandemic; did not receive influenza vaccine during the last year; refused or elected to forego a doctor-recommended vaccine; did not receive adequate information from the public health authorities/healthcare providers about the COVID-19 vaccines; none of their first-degree family members received or were intending to receive the vaccine; and expressed intermediate to high levels of negative attitudes towards vaccines in general. The present findings provide a steer as to the groups that most need to be reached to increase the rates of vaccine uptake. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2202816935 | The benefits of experiential learning in global public health | [
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https://openalex.org/W2155175563 | Quantity and quality of obesity-related research in Arab countries: assessment and comparative analysis | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2155175563 | Obesity is a serious worldwide medical condition, considered by some researchers as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. The main objective of this study was to assess the quantity and quality of obesity-related research from Arab countries and compare it with that from non-Arab Middle Eastern countries.Original scientific articles or reviews published by Arab countries about obesity up until 2011 were screened using the ISI Web of Science database. Research activity was assessed by analyzing the annual research productivity, journals names, citations, top 10 active institutions, and the contribution of each Arab country to obesity research.The total number of original and review research articles published globally about obesity was 110,167. The leading country in obesity research was United States of America (42.47%). Turkey, Israel, and Iran were in the top 30 countries while Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Egypt, and Kuwait ranked 39th, 43rd, and 47th, respectively. A total of 1,121 documents about "obesity" were published by Arab countries, representing 1.0% of the global research output, with 13,343 citations (average citation of 11.9 per document) and an h-index of 44. The Arab countries' research output was very low until the mid-1990s and then increased steadily. Of the 1,121 documents, 107 (9.55%) were published in the Saudi Medical Journal. KSA, with a total of 318 publications ranked first among Arab countries in research quantity while Kuwait ranked first after adjustment based on population size. King Saud University in KSA was the most productive institution with a total of 140 documents. Compared with other non-Arab Middle Eastern countries, the research productivity from Arab countries was lower than that from Turkey, higher than that from Iran, and close to that from Israel. However, the h-index of documents about obesity published from Arab countries was lower than that of Turkey and Israel, but slightly higher than that from Iran.The present data reveals a good contribution by some Arab countries, particularly Arab gulf countries, to obesity research. More efforts are needed by other Arab countries to bridge the gap in this topic and to improve the quality of obesity-related research originating from Arab countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2169367124 | Knowledge, Misconceptions, and Future Intentions Towards Breastfeeding Among Female University Students in Kuwait | [
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https://openalex.org/W3100131610 | Prevalence of smoking in the Kuwaiti adult population in 2014: a cross-sectional study | [
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https://openalex.org/W2910034087 | Prevalence of obesity among school-age children and adolescents in the Gulf cooperation council (GCC) states: a systematic review | [
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https://openalex.org/W2164565482 | Community Pharmacists role in obesity treatment in Kuwait: a cross-sectional study | [
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https://openalex.org/W3201477632 | Disparities in excess deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic among migrant workers in Kuwait | [
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"https://openalex.org/W2922072863",
"https://openalex.org/W2979692409",
"https://openalex.org/W3022374883",
"https://openalex.org/W3028688139",
"https://openalex.org/W3033280670",
"https://openalex.org/W3039190840",
"https://openalex.org/W3040703007",
"https://openalex.org/W3044986275",
"https://openalex.org/W3049421184",
"https://openalex.org/W3084139336",
"https://openalex.org/W3086013241",
"https://openalex.org/W3093011094",
"https://openalex.org/W3095667502",
"https://openalex.org/W3109918956",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3201477632 | Abstract Background The actual human cost of the pandemic cannot be viewed through the COVID-19 mortality rates alone, especially when the pandemic is widening the existing health disparities among different subpopulations within the same society. In Kuwait, migrant workers were already disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and its unintended consequences. The totality of that effect on mortality is yet to be fully understood. Objective To estimate excess deaths in the pandemic year of 2020 among the Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti migrant populations. Methods We analyzed publicly available retrospective data in Kuwait on total annual mortality historically (from 2005 to 2019) and in 2020. We fitted a quasi-poisson generalized linear model adjusted for yearly trend and nationality to estimate the expected deaths in 2020 in the absence of the pandemic. We calculated excess deaths as the difference between observed and expected mortality for the year of the pandemic in both Kuwaitis and non-Kuwaitis. Results In the absence of the pandemic, we expected the total mortality in Kuwait to be 6629 (95% CI: 6472 to 6789) deaths. However, the observed total mortality in 2020 was 9975 deaths; about 3346 (3186 to 3503) more deaths above the expected historical trend. Deaths among migrant workers would have been approximately 71.9% (67.8 to 76.0) lower in the absence of the pandemic. On the other hand, deaths among Kuwaitis would have been 32.4% (29.3 to 35.6) lower if the country had not been hit by the pandemic. Conclusion The burden of mortality brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic is substantially higher than what the official tally might suggest. Systematically disadvantaged migrant workers shouldered a larger burden of deaths in the pandemic year. Public health interventions must consider structural and societal determinants that give rise to the health disparities seen among migrant workers. | [
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"display_name": "medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400573",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1513770506 | Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the Middle East. | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
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"country": "Iran",
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"display_name": "Farahnaz Fallahian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079539175"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
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"country": "Iran",
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],
"display_name": "Atabak Najafi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038723268"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Middle East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3651065"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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] | [
"Kuwait",
"Turkey",
"Qatar",
"West Bank",
"Lebanon",
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Yemen",
"Sudan",
"Syria",
"Iran",
"Jordan",
"Egypt",
"Iraq",
"United Arab Emirates",
"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1513770506 | The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not well defined in the Middle East region. A review of the epidemiology and modes of transmission and spread of HCV infection in regions located in the Middle East, including Iran, Bahrain, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Cyprus, Sudan, Egypt, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon, Gaza Strip and West Bank, and Yemen, was undertaken. Public health strategies, well-programmed, population-based and certain HCV infection at-risk surveys, and transmission risk factors' settings detection are insufficient in some countries of this region. Since significant differences in prevalence and epidemiology of HCV exist among the Middle East countries or even inside the countries, control strategies should take these differences into account. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W1780245212 | Dental knowledge, attitudes and behavior among Kuwaiti mothers and school teachers. | [
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"display_name": "Al-Zaabi Fs",
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"display_name": "Skougaard Mr",
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"display_name": "Merete Vigild",
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Dental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2991849382"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Tooth brushing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781031783"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813"
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{
"display_name": "Toothbrush",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777892068"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Brush",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C16108499"
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{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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] | [
"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1780245212 | In one region in the state of Kuwait children in first grade have been offered a systematic dental health care program. The purpose of this study was to assess (1) dental knowledge, attitudes, and health behavior among the mothers of children in first grade, and (2) dental knowledge and attitudes of schoolteachers, and their involvement in health education. Before the children were enrolled in the program 187 mothers (response 76%) were interviewed. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on schoolteachers (n = 135, response 695). Most of the mothers (74%) answered that dental caries is caused by sweets/candy; the role of bacteria was mentioned by 9%. Half of the mothers were aware of the harmful effect of sugary drinks, and 50% knew about the preventive effect of fluoride. Knowledge about causes and prevention of periodontal disease was diffuse. According to the mothers, 68% of the children were in need for dental treatment; 37% were seen by a dentist once a year for symptomatic reasons, and 49% brushed their teeth at least twice a day. Sixteen-percent of the mothers helped their child in brushing every day. Sugar consumption among mothers and children was high, e.g. 66% of the children had chocolate bars and 44% had soft drinks several times a day. The level of dental knowledge was higher among teachers than mothers; the mothers were mostly informed through television/radio, while teachers had received information from various sources, including the dentists. The teachers responded positively to prevention of dental diseases among children and should be considered key persons in dental health education. For the Kuwaiti children and the mothers the active involvement principle, group presentations, and one-to-one communications are recommended for the school based dental health program. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W1574884719 | Patterns of Suicide in Kuwait: a retrospective descriptive study from 2003–2009 | [
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"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Kuwait University",
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"display_name": "Salah Al‐Waheeb",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nadia Al-Kandary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051963434"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Poison control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017944768"
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{
"display_name": "Injury prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190385971"
},
{
"display_name": "Retrospective cohort study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C167135981"
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{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
},
{
"display_name": "Demographics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780084366"
},
{
"display_name": "Expatriate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779056439"
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{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
}
] | [
"Kuwait",
"Iraq"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1567707660",
"https://openalex.org/W1939994894",
"https://openalex.org/W1968528784",
"https://openalex.org/W1984176777",
"https://openalex.org/W2000979463",
"https://openalex.org/W2030842701",
"https://openalex.org/W2053270882",
"https://openalex.org/W2054695681",
"https://openalex.org/W2066489197",
"https://openalex.org/W2067461478",
"https://openalex.org/W2067588307",
"https://openalex.org/W2070722601",
"https://openalex.org/W2081492518",
"https://openalex.org/W2082037690",
"https://openalex.org/W2087875749",
"https://openalex.org/W2116636276",
"https://openalex.org/W2120220100",
"https://openalex.org/W2121263145",
"https://openalex.org/W2131611133",
"https://openalex.org/W2143400807",
"https://openalex.org/W2148527394",
"https://openalex.org/W2152123255",
"https://openalex.org/W2152407734",
"https://openalex.org/W2152425280",
"https://openalex.org/W2167830869",
"https://openalex.org/W2330116093",
"https://openalex.org/W4251686504"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1574884719 | Prior to the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990, suicides were almost unheard of in Kuwait. However, there has been a notable increase in the referrals of suicide cases to the forensic authorities since then. A review of suicide cases was performed to investigate the demographics of this phenomenon and the suicide modalities used and to uncover issues that can be addressed by the region's government.The sole source of data was the general department of criminal evidence (GDCE), where cases are referred by police authorities and by hospital investigators from the entire country. All cases signed out by forensic investigators as "suicide" during the time period 2003-2009 were retrieved. A full review of the data from the case files was made. This included demographic data, scene examination, radiographic investigations, autopsies with histo-pathological examination findings and toxicological screening results in each case.A total of 347 cases were retrieved and studied. Hanging was found to be the most common suicide modality used by subjects (60 %). Non-citizens constituted 87 % of cases, and no significant difference was found between married and single subjects or between Muslims and non-Muslims. Regions that were more populated with an expatriate labour force had the highest suicide prevalence.The government of Kuwait needs to investigate the dire conditions in which some expatriates live and to improve their situation. More control over the dispensing of certain medications needs to be enforced. Finally, strict firearm control could help reduce the suicide rates in Kuwait. | [
{
"display_name": "BMC Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2000501509 | Changing demography of leprosy: Kuwait needs to be vigilant | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
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],
"display_name": "Nawaf Al-Mutairi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035050328"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
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],
"display_name": "Azari Al-Doukhi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002518589"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
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],
"display_name": "Mahmoud S. Ahmad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084521780"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
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],
"display_name": "Mohamed El-Khelwany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055097456"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Kuwait",
"display_name": "Farwaniya Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802440902",
"lat": 29.271063,
"long": 47.90549,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Ahmad Al-Haddad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073557934"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Leprosy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780695269"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Expatriate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779056439"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Indigenous",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55958113"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Dermatology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C16005928"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
}
] | [
"Kuwait",
"Egypt"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W160964761",
"https://openalex.org/W1556843993",
"https://openalex.org/W1973446676",
"https://openalex.org/W1981641633",
"https://openalex.org/W2041593316",
"https://openalex.org/W2050901199",
"https://openalex.org/W2072496066",
"https://openalex.org/W2074968788",
"https://openalex.org/W2091638141",
"https://openalex.org/W2141648338",
"https://openalex.org/W2156997139",
"https://openalex.org/W2164471750",
"https://openalex.org/W2322045386"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2000501509 | IntroductionLeprosy is an ancient, chronic, communicable disease. It is claimed that it has been ‘eliminated’ as a public health problem at the global level. However, sporadic new cases are increasingly being encountered, even in non-endemic countries such as ours. A more disturbing fact is the increase in the number of cases in the indigenous population.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyze the magnitude of the leprosy problem in the region of Farwaniya, in which most of the immigrants in Kuwait live, based on detection and prevalence rates over the last 6 years, in addition to a clinico-pathological analysis of the collected data.Patients and methodsAll clinically diagnosed cases of leprosy seen over a period of 6 years, from January 2003 to December 2008, were included in the study. Socio-demographic details and clinical features were recorded on a proforma. The results were compared to similar previous data from Kuwait, and to that from other countries in the region.ResultsForty-six patients (38 male and eight female) aged 22–48 years (average 33.6 years), clinically diagnosed with leprosy, were enrolled. Of the enrolled patients, 89.1% were expatriates, while 10.9% were Kuwaiti citizens. The majority of patients (n = 24) were from India, followed by Bangladesh (n = 6), Egypt (n = 5), Pakistan (n = 3), and Indonesia, Philippines and Sri Lanka (n = 1 each). The duration of signs and symptoms ranged from 1 to 24 months (average 4.7 months). A total of 58.5% of expatriate patients developed their symptoms 2–5 years after entry into Kuwait. Delayed diagnosis (after 12 weeks) was observed in 70.8%. Thirty-one patients (67.4%) had multibacillary leprosy (borderline lepromatous n = 15, borderline type n = 7, borderline tuberculoid n = 5, and lepromatous leprosy n = 4), while 15 patients (32.6%) had the paucibacillary form of leprosy (tuberculoid type n = 8, borderline tuberculoid n = 7). The detection of lepra bacilli in tissue sections was the most common diagnostic tool (67.4%), while nasal smears showed positive results in 28.3% of cases and the slit skin smear in 17.4%.ConclusionsThis study shows that leprosy in the region of Farwaniya, Kuwait, which has predominantly been a disease of immigrants, has started to infect the Kuwaiti population; such cases may just represent the tip of the iceberg. Careful examination of immigrants on arrival and subsequent periodic regular check-ups are required to prevent the spread of the disease. Furthermore, early referral of suspected cases and screening of contacts, with initiation of treatment as early as possible, are essential to control the spread of leprosy in Kuwait. | [
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Infectious Diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S35071406",
"type": "journal"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2062770635 | Potential for the International Spread of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in Association with Mass Gatherings in Saudi Arabia | [
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Canada",
"display_name": "St. Michael's Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1297363086",
"lat": 43.70643,
"long": -79.39864,
"type": "healthcare"
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{
"country": "Canada",
"display_name": "University of Toronto",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750",
"lat": 43.70643,
"long": -79.39864,
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],
"display_name": "Kamran Khan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064939597"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Canada",
"display_name": "St. Michael's Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1297363086",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2062770635 | A novel coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causing severe, life-threatening respiratory disease has emerged in the Middle East at a time when two international mass gatherings in Saudi Arabia are imminent. While MERS-CoV has already spread to and within other countries, these mass gatherings could further amplify and/or accelerate its international dissemination, especially since the origins and geographic source of the virus remain poorly understood.We analyzed 2012 worldwide flight itinerary data and historic Hajj pilgrim data to predict population movements out of Saudi Arabia and the broader Middle East to help cities and countries assess their potential for MERS-CoV importation. We compared the magnitude of travel to countries with their World Bank economic status and per capita healthcare expenditures as surrogate markers of their capacity for timely detection of imported MERS-CoV and their ability to mount an effective public health response.16.8 million travelers flew on commercial flights out of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates between June and November 2012, of which 51.6% were destined for India (16.3%), Egypt (10.4%), Pakistan (7.8%), the United Kingdom (4.3%), Kuwait (3.6%), Bangladesh (3.1%), Iran (3.1%) and Bahrain (2.9%). Among the 1.74 million foreign pilgrims who performed the Hajj last year, an estimated 65.1% originated from low and lower-middle income countries.MERS-CoV is an emerging pathogen with pandemic potential with its apparent epicenter in Saudi Arabia, where millions of pilgrims will imminently congregate for two international mass gatherings. Understanding global population movements out of the Middle East through the end of this year's Hajj could help direct anticipatory MERS-CoV surveillance and public health preparedness to mitigate its potential global health and economic impacts. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2139869375 | Religious Faith and Psychosocial Adaptation among Stroke Patients in Kuwait: A Mixed Method Study | [
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https://openalex.org/W2935609826 | The Complex Etiology of Childhood Obesity in Arabs Is Highlighted by a Combination of Biological and Socio-Economic Factors | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2935609826 | OBJECTIVES: To identify predictors of childhood and adolescent obesity in Kuwaitis with Arab ethnicity. METHODS: A cross-sectional sample of 618 year-old schoolchildren was randomly selected from 244 public schools across all six governorates in the State of Kuwait. Anthropometric data were measured from 6574 Arab Kuwaiti schoolchildren, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect information on possible risk factors associated with obesity. Overweight and obesity were defined in accordance with the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children (aged 618 years) were 17.7% and 33.7%, respectively. The likelihood of childhood obesity increased with birth weights >4.0 Kg [odds ratio (OR) = 2.3; p 30 years (OR = 1.24; p = 0.0016) and family size of less than six members (OR = 1.16, p = 0.0106). CONCLUSIONS: Public health professionals should be aware that advanced maternal age, maternal employment, smaller family size and high birthweight may predict the risk of obesity in Kuwaiti Arab children and adolescents. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2418841610 | Daily consumption of sugary drinks and foods as a behavioural risk for health of adolescents in Kuwait. | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2418841610 | PURPOSE To determine the levels of daily consumption of soft drinks, sweets and cakes/pastries by schoolchildren in Kuwait and the possible background factors associated with these habits. In addition, the association between daily consumption of these sugar-rich products and other health-related habits was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nationally representative sample of children from public schools was drawn for this study. Altogether, 1292 schoolchildren of an average age of 13 years (SD ± 1.04) participated by anonymously filling out a structured questionnaire in school classrooms. The questionnaire of the WHO Collaborative study (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children) was used after modifications for the Kuwaiti situation. RESULTS Daily consumption of soft drinks, sweets and cakes was very high, especially among the Kuwaiti schoolchildren. Very strong correlations were found between daily consumption of sweets and cakes/pastries (r = 0.60; P < 0.01), soft drinks and sweets (r = 0.50; P < 0.01) and between soft drinks and cakes/pastries (r = 0.42; P < 0.01). Among other unfavourable habits, late bedtime, watching TV often and smoking were strongly correlated with the daily use of sugary drinks and foods. Sociodemographic or socioeconomic factors were only weakly associated with the consumption of sugar-rich products. CONCLUSIONS Daily consumption of sugar-rich products seems to be alarmingly high in Kuwait, higher than in any other of the 34 countries in the HBSC study. Other unhealthy habits were associated with the daily consumption of these sugar-rich products. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2163981851 | Impact of Diabetic Status on the Hyperglycemia-Induced Adverse Risk of Short Term Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes in the Middle East: Findings from the Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE) | [
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"Bahrain",
"Yemen",
"United Arab Emirates",
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"https://openalex.org/W2169685092",
"https://openalex.org/W2202109779",
"https://openalex.org/W2203608683"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2163981851 | Lukman Thalib, PhD*, Mohammad Zubaid, FRCPC†, Wafa Rashed, FRCP (Lond)‡, Jassim Al Suwaidi, FACC§, Wael Almahmeed, FRCPC||, Ebaa Alozairi, MRCP†, Muath Alanbaei, FRCPC†, Kadhim Sulaiman, FRCPI#, Haitham Amin, FRCPC** and Ahmed Al-Motarreb, PhD†† *Department of Community Medicine (Biostatistics), Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait †Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait ‡Department of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait §Hamad General Hospital and Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar ||Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates #Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman **Haitham Amin, Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre, Manama, Bahrain ††Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sana’a University, Yemen Corresponding Author: Dr. Lukman Thalib, Associate Professor; Department of Community Medicine (Biostatistics); Faculty of Medicine; PO Box 24923; Safat 13110, Kuwait; Tel: +965-2498 6779; Fax: +965- 25334968; E-mail: lthalib{at}hsc.edu.kw | [
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https://openalex.org/W3022736924 | Can developing countries face novel coronavirus outbreak alone? The Iraqi situation | [
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"Kuwait",
"Qatar",
"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Iran",
"Iraq",
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"https://openalex.org/W2064850047",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3022736924 | Iraq is one of seven Arabic countries (Lebanon, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia) that acquired novel coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) via people who have visited Iran recently. Iraqi outdated public healthcare settings are already overwhelmed with many acute injuries from ongoing unrest. Iraq faces six challenges in controlling COVID-19 [1]: A shortage in number of quarantine facilities [2], the availability of the testing which is limited to one governmental lab only in Baghdad [3], a shortage in personal protective equipment (PPE) and ambulances [4], a low level of public awareness [5], a shortage in hygiene preparations and [6] a high rate of antibiotic resistance in case of secondary bacterial infection. Thus, Iraq alone cannot control such a rapidly emerging outbreak and needs help from the international community and the World Health Organization (WHO) to prepare additional medical labs, establish high standard quarantine facilities and provide medical equipment for healthcare professionals. On its side, Iraq needs to impose more restrictions on travel from countries with a COVID-19 outbreak as other countries have done. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W297192594 | Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices about HIV/AIDS in Kuwait. | [
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"Kuwait"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W297192594 | This survey is aimed at assessing knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices in Kuwait regarding AIDS/HIV. Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted during the year 1995 on a sample of 2,219 subjects, aged 18 to 60, health professionals were excluded. The survey instrument included 26 questions on AIDS/HIV knowledge, 6 about attitudes and beliefs, and 6 about behavior and practice. The remaining 22 items dealt with sociodemographic characteristics, role of religion, source of information, and satisfaction about AIDS control programs. Two thirds of subjects had good knowledge about the main modes of HIV/AIDS transmission. Using a multiple regression model, the knowledge score was positively associated with level of education, age, years of hearing about AIDS, and socioeconomic status. The multiple logistic regression showed that subjects tend not to change their behavior related to AIDS if they were less than 40 years old, had low education, were females, single, had a lower socioeconomic status, had heard about AIDS for less than 3 years, and had a low level of knowledge about AIDS. More than half of the participants were satisfied with the government's action for AIDS prevention. The majority of subjects thought that religion was important in dealing with daily life problems. In conclusion, while most of the people in Kuwait were aware of the main modes of AIDS transmission, a gap existed about modes that did not transmit the disease. This was reflected in their attitudes and practice toward AIDS patients. The study calls for a greater role for medical professionals, mass media, and religion in AIDS prevention and control. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3211123665 | Baseline assessment of patient safety culture in primary care centres in Kuwait: a national cross-sectional study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3211123665 | Abstract Background Assessments of the culture surrounding patient safety can inform healthcare settings on how their structures and processes impact patient outcomes. This study investigated patient safety culture in Primary Health Care Centres in Kuwait, and benchmarked the findings against regional and international results. This study also examined the association between predictors and outcomes of patient safety culture in these settings. Methods This cross-sectional quantitative study used the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. The study was targeted at staff of all the Primary Health Care Centres in Kuwait with at least one year of experience. Data were analysed using SPSS 23 at a significance level of ≤ .05. Univariate (means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages) and bivariate (chi-squared tests, student t -tests, ANOVA F-tests, Kruskal–Wallis tests, Spearman’s correlation) analyses provided an overview of participant socio-demographics and the association between patient safety culture composites and outcomes. We undertook a multivariate regression analysis to predict the determinants of patient safety culture. Results were benchmarked against similar local (Kuwait, 2014), regional (Yemen, 2015) and international (US, 2018) studies. Results The responses of 6602 employees from 94 centres were included in the study, with an overall response rate of 78.7%. The survey revealed Teamwork (87.8% positive ratings) and Organisational Learning (78.8%) as perceived areas of strength. Communication about Error (57.7%), Overall Perceptions of Patient Safety and Quality (57.4%), Communication Openness (54.4%), Owner/Managing Partner/Leadership Support for Patient Safety (53.8%) and Work Pressure and Pace (28.4%) were identified as areas requiring improvement. Benchmarking analysis revealed that Kuwait centres are performing at benchmark levels or better on four and six composites when compared to international and regional findings, respectively. Regression modelling highlighted significant predictions regarding patient safety outcomes and composites. Conclusions This is the first major study addressing the culture of patient safety in public Primary Health Care Centres regionally. Improving patient safety culture is critical for these centres to improve the quality and safety of the healthcare services they provide. The findings of this study can guide country-level strategies to develop the systems that govern patient safety practices. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2401769858 | Comparison of tobacco control policies in the Eastern Mediterranean countries based on tobacco control scale scores | [
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"Kuwait",
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2401769858 | This cross-sectional survey aimed to provide an overview of tobacco control strategies in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). A questionnaire to collate data on implementation of 6 major policies was developed based on the previously published Tobacco Control Scale and using MPOWER measures of the WHO Tobacco Free Initiative and the Tobacco Atlas. Only 3 of the 21 countries scored higher than 50 out of 100: Islamic Republic of Iran (61), Jordan (55) and Egypt (51) More than half of countries scored less than 26. Highest scores were achieved by Afghanistan in cigarette pricing, Oman in smoking bans in public places, Islamic Republic of Iran in budgeting, prohibition of advertisements and health warnings against smoking and Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia and Kuwait in tobacco cessation programmes. The low mean total score in EMR countries (29.7) compared with European countries (47.2) highlights the need for better future planning and policy-making for tobacco control in the Region. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3019643430 | The Profile of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) research in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: Analyzing the NCD burden, research outputs and international research collaboration | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3019643430 | Objectives Despite the rising risk factor exposure and non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality across the Middle East and the North African (MENA) region, public health policy responses have been slow and appear discordant with the social, economic and political circumstances in each country. Good health policy and outcomes are intimately linked to a research-active culture, particularly in NCD. In this study we present the results of a comprehensive analysis of NCD research with particular a focus on cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease in 10 key countries that represent a spectrum across MENA between 1991 and 2018. Methods The study uses a well validated bibliometric approach to undertake a quantitative analysis of research output in the ten leading countries in biomedical research in the MENA region on the basis of articles and reviews in the Web of Science database. We used filters for each of the three NCDs and biomedical research to identify relevant papers in the WoS. The countries selected for the analyses were based on the volume of research outputs during the period of analysis and stability, included Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Results A total of 495,108 biomedical papers were found in 12,341 journals for the ten MENA countries (here we consider Turkey in the context of MENA). For all three NCDs, Turkey's output is consistently the highest. Iran has had considerable growth in research output to occupy second place across all three NCDs. It appears that, relative to their wealth (measured by GDP), some MENA countries, particularly Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates, are substantially under-investing in biomedical research. In terms of investment on particular NCDs, we note the relatively greater commitment on cancer research compared with diabetes or cardiovascular disease in most MENA countries, despite cardiovascular disease causing the greatest health-related burden. When considering the citation impact of research outputs, there have been marked rises in citation scores in Qatar, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates and Oman. However, Turkey, which has the largest biomedical research output in the Middle East has the lowest citation scores overall. The level of intra-regional collaboration in NCD research is highly variable. Saudi Arabia and Egypt are the dominant research collaborators across the MENA region. However, Turkey and Iran, which are amongst the leading research-active countries in the area, show little evidence of collaboration. With respect to international collaboration, the United States and United Kingdom are the dominant research partners across the region followed by Germany and France. Conclusion The increase in research activity in NCDs across the MENA region countries during the time period of analysis may signal both an increasing focus on NCDs which reflects general global trends, and greater investment in research in some countries. However, there are several risks to the sustainability of these improvements that have been identified in particular countries within the region. For example, a lack of suitably trained researchers, low political commitment and poor financial support, and minimal international collaboration which is essential for wider global impact. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2984164921 | Nutrition in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Middle Eastern Perspective | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2984164921 | This paper reviews the escalating burden of breast cancer (BC) in the Middle East (ME), the prevalence of modifiable risk factors and underscores evidence-based opportunities to promote prevention of the disease. Similar to more developed countries, BC is the most frequent cancer among women in countries of the ME, accounting for one-third of total cancer cases and 24% of total cancer deaths. Average age at BC diagnosis appears to be a decade earlier in Middle Eastern countries compared to the Western countries, and its incidence is predicted to further increase. Although incidence rates of BC are still lower in Middle Eastern countries than western ones, mortality rates are similar and at times even higher. It is estimated that 30% of BC cases are due to environmental and lifestyle factors such as obesity and diet and hence can be preventable. The ME suffers from surging rates of obesity, with eight of its countries ranking among the highest worldwide in obesity prevalence among adults aged 18 and above. ME countries with the highest prevalence of obesity that are among the top 20 worldwide include United Arab Emirates (UAE), Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Kuwait with rates ranging from 30% in UAE to 37 % in Kuwait. In parallel, studies in the ME have consistently` showed a shift in dietary intake whereby traditional diets, rich in fruits and vegetables, are progressively eroding and being replaced by westernized diets high in energy and fat. Accumulating evidence is reporting convincing association between consumption of such westernized diets and higher BC risk. Addressing these risk factors and studying their association with BC in terms of their nature and magnitude in Middle Eastern countries could provide the basis for evidence-based intervention strategies to lower the risk and alleviate the burden of BC in these countries. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2009126758 | Vox SanguinisVolume 63, Issue 1 p. 75-76 Hepatitis C Virus Antibody in Kuwait Basil Al-Nakib, Basil Al-Nakib Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorAbraham Koshy, Corresponding Author Abraham Koshy Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitGE Center, Al-Amiri Hospital PO Box 4077 13041 Safat (Kuwait)Search for more papers by this authorMaher Kaloui, Maher Kaloui Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSawsan Al-Ramahi, Sawsan Al-Ramahi Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSiham Al-Mufti, Siham Al-Mufti Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorS. Radhakrishnan, S. Radhakrishnan Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorWidad Al-Nakib, Widad Al-Nakib Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this author Basil Al-Nakib, Basil Al-Nakib Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorAbraham Koshy, Corresponding Author Abraham Koshy Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitGE Center, Al-Amiri Hospital PO Box 4077 13041 Safat (Kuwait)Search for more papers by this authorMaher Kaloui, Maher Kaloui Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSawsan Al-Ramahi, Sawsan Al-Ramahi Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorSiham Al-Mufti, Siham Al-Mufti Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorS. Radhakrishnan, S. Radhakrishnan Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this authorWidad Al-Nakib, Widad Al-Nakib Thuniyan Al Ghanim Gastroenterology Center, Al-Amiri Hospital, Safat; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University and Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Public Health, KuwaitSearch for more papers by this author First published: August 1992 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1992.tb01224.xCitations: 5AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume63, Issue1August 1992Pages 75-76 RelatedInformation | [
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https://openalex.org/W2012894531 | Trends and risk factors of hyperglycemia and diabetes among Kuwaiti adults: National Nutrition Surveillance Data from 2002 to 2009 | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2012894531 | Current prevalence estimates for diabetes in Arabian Gulf countries are some of the world’s highest, yet regional trends and contributing factors are poorly documented. The present study was designed to determine temporal changes in the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes and associated factors in Kuwaiti adults. Data analysis from the nationally representative cross-sectional Kuwait National Nutrition Surveillance System. 2745 males and 3611 females, aged 20–69 years, attending registration for employment or pensions and Hajj Pilgrimage health check-ups or accompanying children for immunizations from 2002 through 2009 were participated. Socio-demographic and lifestyle information, height and weight, and blood samples were collected. During the 8 years (2002–09), prevalences of IFG in males and females decreased by 7.4% and 6.8% and of diabetes by 9.8% and 8.9% in males and females, respectively. Linear regression for blood glucose level with time, adjusted for age, BMI, blood cholesterol and education level, showed a greater decrease in males than females (1.12 vs 0.93 mmol/L); males also showed an increase in 2002–2003 followed by a marked decrease in 2006–2007 while females showed a significant decrease in 2008–2009. Both males and females showed the largest decrease in the 2nd half of the study accounting for the majority of the overall decrease (1.13 mmol/L for males and 0.87 mmol/l for females for the 4 years). Compared with 2002–03, the OR for IFG in males decreased with time, and becoming significantly lower (OR=0.32; 95% CI: 0.21-0.49) for 2008–09. In females, the OR for IFG decreased significantly with time, except in 2006–07. Similarly, the OR for diabetes in males decreased to 0.34 (95% CI: 0.24-0.49) and in females to 0.33 (95% CI: 0.22-0.50) in 2008–09. For both genders, age and BMI were independently positively associated with IFG and diabetes, while education levels and smoking were negatively associated with IFG and diabetes. No significant association was found for either hypercholesterolemia or exercise in either gender. Continued monitoring of blood glucose is needed to see if negative trends observed in 2008–2009 endure and further research of contributing factors is required for development of targeted intervention strategies. | [
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