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https://openalex.org/W4206613925
|
DOES TRADE OPENNESS PROMOTE ECONOMIC GROWTH? THE CASE OF SUDAN
|
[] |
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{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Distributed lag",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159009313"
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"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Unit root",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195561663"
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{
"display_name": "Short run",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204208750"
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"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
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"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
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{
"display_name": "Unit root test",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144341231"
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"display_name": "Cointegration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145162277"
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"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
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{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
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"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
}
] |
[
"Sudan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4206613925
|
This study investigates the impact of trade openness on economic growth in Sudan. The study utilizes annual time series data from 1972 to 2019. The study adopts the unit root test. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag model has been used as an estimation technique. The results indicate that trade openness has a positive significant impact on the economic growth in short run. However, the impact is negative in the long run. When the long-run and short-run elasticity were compared the trade-led growth hypothesis was not found. It can be argued that the country is specialized in production of low-quality products and exporting primary products therefore the economic growth is negatively affected by trade openness. Moreover, the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis results provide evidence against the existence of the hypothesis indicating that the country is still below the desired level of income. The study suggests that a country should promote the industrial sector which will help to export manufactured products and therefore will increase the productivity.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2883925043
|
Effect of economic growth, trade openness, urbanization, and technology on environment of Asian emerging economies
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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"Iran"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2883925043
|
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the long-run as well as short-run effect of economic growth, trade openness, urbanization and technology on environmental degradation (sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions) in Asian emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes the augmented STIRPAT model and uses the panel cointegration and causality test to analyze the long-run and short-run relationships. Due to the unavailability of data for all Asian emerging economies, the study focuses on 11 countries, i.e. Bangladesh, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand, and uses balance panel from 1980 to 2014 at annual frequency. Findings Results showed that the inverted U-shape hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets curve holds between economic growth and SO 2 emissions. While technology and trade openness increases SO 2 emissions, urbanization reduces SO 2 emissions in Asian emerging economies in the long run. Unidirectional causality flows from urbanization to SO 2 emissions and from SO 2 emissions to economic growth in the short run. Practical implications Research and development centers and programs are required at the government and private levels to control pollution through new technologies as well as to encourage the use of disposed-off waste as a source of energy which results in lower dependency on fossil fuels and leads to reduce emissions. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by analyzing the effects of urbanization, economic growth, technology and trade openness on environmental pollution (measured by SO 2 emissions) in Asian emerging economies. This study provides the essential evidence, information and better understanding to key stakeholders of environment. The findings of this study are useful for individuals, corporate bodies, environmentalist, researchers and government agencies at large.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S112460912",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2910320782
|
Industrial Growth and Sustainable Development in Iran
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Persian Gulf University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I90767664",
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"display_name": "Hojat Parsa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081893418"
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Persian Gulf University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I90767664",
"lat": 28.96887,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Hadi Keshavarz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016536393"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tarbiat Modares University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1516879",
"lat": 35.72139,
"long": 51.381943,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Vahid Mohamad Taghvaee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065743113"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
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[
"Iran"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2910320782
|
This study aims to measure how much the industrial sector suppresses the development process to be sustainable in Iran. We employ a quadratic-log form of regression model to test the Industrial Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis. In addition, we use a Vector Auto-Regressive model to estimate the nexus among the industrial growth, income inequality, environmental pollution, and energy consumption in Iran during 1971 and 2014. The results confirm the Industrial Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis. Moreover, they show that all the three variables present the same response to the shock in the industrial growth since all the responses are increasing. It provides preponderance of evidence for the incompatibility of industrial growth with social, environmental, and resource development in Iran. This sector should be modified, improved, and reconstructed to pave the way for harmonization among the quadruple layers of sustainable development including industrial growth, environmental quality, social satisfaction, and optimal usage of resources. The policy-makers are advised to consider the sustainability properties in their development strategies as the development process evolves comprehensively.
|
[
{
"display_name": "iranian economic review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764934467",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2298263091
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Economic growth and environmental pollution in Iran: evidence from manufacturing and services sectors
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"display_name": "Vahid Mohamad Taghvaee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065743113"
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{
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"display_name": "Hojat Parsa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081893418"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C198428699"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C521259446"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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[
"Iran"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2298263091
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This article aims to answer the question of whether the manufacturing (and mining) and services sectors in Iran should be reconstructed or grown as before, in order to improve the environmental quality. The global warming, if not global burning, is a dire warning about environmental pollution dangers to everyone, living on the Earth. In this field, Iran is a good candidate due to its significantly high share of CO2 emissions in proportion to the low share of economic growth in the world which can be remedied by economic growth, based on Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis (EKH). We employ the Auto-Regressive Distributed Model (ARDL) to examine the long run equilibrium relationship between CO2 emission and economic growth. The results show that, regarding EKC, the nexus of CO2 emissions and economic growth in either sector is in a sharply ascending phase. It implies that if manufacturing (and mining) and services sectors inflate, the quality of environment will decline owing to the intensive and pollutant energy-using structures. Thus, rather than growing, they should be reconstructed by importing cleaner and more efficient technologies and developing internal inventions.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W2298401859
|
IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION IN IRAN
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "H Mehrabi Boshrabadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005515275"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A Jalaie Esfand Abadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053163037"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A Baghestany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074022140"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "H Sherafatmand",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018372455"
}
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
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{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C35532855"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C521259446"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C204208750"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
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{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2298401859
|
Liberalization of international markets affects level of pollution in developing countries more than in developed countries. Therefore the impact of trade liberalization on environmental pollution is a challenge for policy makers. In this paper Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) and Error Correction Model (ECM) methods are employed for a study of the relationship between trade liberalization and environmental pollution in Iran, in the long run as well as in the short run. Results indicate that pollution is negatively related to trade intensity and openness, while capital to labor ratio and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are positively related to pollution. Results also show that trade liberalization in the long run can solve environmental problems. At last, the paper analyzes the Environmental Kuznets Curve as regards Iranian economies.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2304150461
|
The Impact of Renewable Energy on the Environmental Kuznets Curve in Iran
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Hussein Ostadzad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014613476"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Parisa Bahlouli",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043014775"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
},
{
"display_name": "Renewable energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188573790"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2304150461
|
Economic growth is the main purpose of economic policies. However, when economic growth is rapid we have serious environmental harm. Hence, a potential contrast between the economic policies and environmental state is stated in the Environmental Kuznets Curve.The main purpose of this study was to estimate the static and dynamic environmental Kuznets curve for the Iranian economy with assuming renewable and fossil energy simultaneously in the model. On the other hand, in this study we considered non-linear pollution function. In order to estimate the parameters related to this function should be used nonlinear methods. In this study, environmental Kuznets curve is estimated using genetic algorithms, (accurate method for numerical optimization). Comparison of the model predictions shows that the power of LAD in prediction is better than the least squared errors (LS). Also the dynamic model is powerful than static model. The results further indicate that the Iranian economy is located on the upward of environmental Kuznets curve. The other hand 12% of the total energy must be used by renewable energy, in order to Iranian economy perch at the critical point of environmental Kuznets curve.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Quarterly Journal of Applied Theories of Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2738794185",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2342162529
|
The Commodity Futures Contract Pricing Using Spot Price Dynamics: Implication of Models in Iran’s Gold Futures Market
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hossein Esmaeili Razi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037735456"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rahim Dallali Esfahani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088962752"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Saeid Samadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048519332"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Afshin Parvardeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043345400"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Futures contract",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106306483"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Commodity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779439359"
},
{
"display_name": "Demand curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C176398731"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Microeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787"
},
{
"display_name": "Financial economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106159729"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2342162529
|
Economic growth is the main purpose of economic policies. However, when economic growth is rapid we have serious environmental harm. Hence, a potential contrast between the economic policies and environmental state is stated in the Environmental Kuznets Curve.The main purpose of this study was to estimate the static and dynamic environmental Kuznets curve for the Iranian economy with assuming renewable and fossil energy simultaneously in the model. On the other hand, in this study we considered non-linear pollution function. In order to estimate the parameters related to this function should be used nonlinear methods. In this study, environmental Kuznets curve is estimated using genetic algorithms, (accurate method for numerical optimization). Comparison of the model predictions shows that the power of LAD in prediction is better than the least squared errors (LS). Also the dynamic model is powerful than static model. The results further indicate that the Iranian economy is located on the upward of environmental Kuznets curve. The other hand 12% of the total energy must be used by renewable energy, in order to Iranian economy perch at the critical point of environmental Kuznets curve.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Quarterly Journal of Applied Theories of Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2738794185",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W321462596
|
The Environmental Issues and Forecasting Threshold of Income and Pollution Emissions in Iran Economy
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hadi Esmaeilpour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061539113"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Ferdowsi University of Mashhad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I86958956",
"lat": 36.3075,
"long": 59.52861,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammad Reza Lotfalipour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086638740"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental degradation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198428699"
},
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70798638"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Greenhouse gas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47737302"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
},
{
"display_name": "Climate change",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1588189399",
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"https://openalex.org/W1967355926",
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"https://openalex.org/W2056120664",
"https://openalex.org/W2060878643",
"https://openalex.org/W2062468605",
"https://openalex.org/W2065058839",
"https://openalex.org/W2067392047",
"https://openalex.org/W2074432817",
"https://openalex.org/W2075225248",
"https://openalex.org/W2078318511",
"https://openalex.org/W2115027769",
"https://openalex.org/W2115431970",
"https://openalex.org/W2125346529",
"https://openalex.org/W2131791285",
"https://openalex.org/W2153792204",
"https://openalex.org/W2230712883",
"https://openalex.org/W2241435365",
"https://openalex.org/W2245309623",
"https://openalex.org/W2247833005",
"https://openalex.org/W2267751438",
"https://openalex.org/W2274423801",
"https://openalex.org/W2287228815",
"https://openalex.org/W2317069622",
"https://openalex.org/W3122661090"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W321462596
|
Undesirable environmental changes such as global warming and rising greenhouse gases emissions has created much concerns in the worldwide during recent decades. Environmental problems have become a polemical issue to achieve higher economic growth rate. In this research, the effects of financial development and trade are tested on environmental quality. So the shape of Environmental Kuznets Curve is examined by using the data during the period of 1970-2011 and Auto Regression Model Distributed Lag (ARDL) for Iran. Then the threshold of income and environmental emission have predicted. The results show that financial development increase the degradation of the environment and the increase in trade openness reduce the degradation of the environment and Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is approved in Iran. Also, the amount of environmental emission will reach to 623 million tons which the threshold of income is 343 milliard dollars.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3140871663
|
Economic growth and environmental pollution in Iran: evidence from manufacturing and services sectors
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vahid Mohamad Taghvaee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065743113"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hojat Parsa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081893418"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Nexus (standard)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148609458"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70798638"
},
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental degradation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198428699"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521259446"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Embedded system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149635348"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3140871663
|
This article aims to answer the question of whether the manufacturing (and mining) and services sectors in Iran should be reconstructed or grown as before, in order to improve the environmental quality. The global warming, if not global burning, is a dire warning about environmental pollution dangers to everyone, living on the Earth. In this field, Iran is a good candidate due to its significantly high share of CO2 emissions in proportion to the low share of economic growth in the world which can be remedied by economic growth, based on Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis (EKH). We employ the Auto-Regressive Distributed Model (ARDL) to examine the long run equilibrium relationship between CO2 emission and economic growth. The results show that, regarding EKC, the nexus of CO2 emissions and economic growth in either sector is in a sharply ascending phase. It implies that if manufacturing (and mining) and services sectors inflate, the quality of environment will decline owing to the intensive and pollutant energy-using structures. Thus, rather than growing, they should be reconstructed by importing cleaner and more efficient technologies and developing internal inventions.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2303187552
|
Is Free Trade Good or Bad for the Environment? (Case study: Iran) 1
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mahsa Mohagheghzadeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003740153"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Behnam Shahravan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021997116"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mehdi Farahani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021815128"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bandar Abbas Branch",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050485126"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bandar Abbas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031797000"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Globalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70798638"
},
{
"display_name": "Trade barrier",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182769425"
},
{
"display_name": "Free trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35532855"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic integration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C506295513"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1603572986",
"https://openalex.org/W1799105982",
"https://openalex.org/W1980533847",
"https://openalex.org/W1996960600",
"https://openalex.org/W2047045802",
"https://openalex.org/W2076820284",
"https://openalex.org/W2090841340",
"https://openalex.org/W2130262509",
"https://openalex.org/W2499043113",
"https://openalex.org/W3121861737",
"https://openalex.org/W3122477235",
"https://openalex.org/W3122661090",
"https://openalex.org/W3124541094",
"https://openalex.org/W3126070516"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2303187552
|
The debate over globalization and the environment can be given some much needed focus by asking the specific empirical question: What is the effect of trade on a country’s environment, for a given level of GDP? In this paper we have attempted to establish the links among trade, economic growth and the environment by performing an extensive literature review. We discuss issues such as establishing direct and indirect effects of international trade on environmental quality, effects of trade on economic growth, environmental quality and their relation with each other, then estimate the model for Iran with using time series data and ARMA models to test Environmental hypothesizes and finally, the role of governments and international organization in this respect. The finding is that trade may indeed have a beneficial effect on some measures of environmental quality. Results for broader environmental measures are not as encouraging, but one can at least say that there is little evidence that trade has the detrimental effect on the environment that the race-to-the-bottom theory would lead one to expect. The larger effect appears to come via income itself: Our results generally support the environmental Kuznets curve, which says that growth harms the environment at low levels of income and helps at high levels, and to support the proposition that openness to trade accelerates the growth process.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2978261185
|
Carbon emissions, and economic growth in Africa
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Olubusoye Olusanya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083835567"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Dasauki Musa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058587648"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Income elasticity of demand",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107515699"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Elasticity (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121854251"
},
{
"display_name": "Panel data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6422946"
},
{
"display_name": "Developing country",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83864248"
},
{
"display_name": "Short run",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204208750"
},
{
"display_name": "Demographic economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Monetary economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C556758197"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Materials science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192562407"
},
{
"display_name": "Composite material",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159985019"
}
] |
[
"Libya"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2978261185
|
ABSTRACT: In this study, we applied the recently proposed income elasticity approach to investigate the presence of an inverted U relationship also known as the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in 20 African countries. we grouped the countries into three panels not according to any know regions, but according to income such as Low-income African economies, lower- Middle African economies and upper-Middle income African economies. We tested for the presence of an inverted U relationship for both individual-specific countries and for the 3 panels using short-run and long-run income elasticity approach. We conclude the presence of an inverted-U relationship exists when long-run Income elasticity is smaller than short-run income elasticity, meaning that as income increase over time, carbon emissions have reduced. In other words, as these individual African countries experience economic growth over time, their carbon emissions level has declined. This empirical finding is true only for Benin, Malawi, cote div our, south Africa, Botswana, and Libya, representing approximately 30% of the sample. With regards to the panel groups, we found evidence supporting the presence of an inverted U relationship only in the panel of low-income African countries with long-run income elasticity smaller than the short-run income elasticity, thus, the low-income African countries have reduced their carbon emissions level as economic growth is attained.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4286321219
|
Dynamic relationship between Air pollution and Economic growth in Jordan: An Empirical Analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Seun Adebowale Adebanjo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077719821"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "China",
"display_name": "Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59649739",
"lat": 28.73995,
"long": 115.85429,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Twahil Hemed Shakiru",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001440074"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Cointegration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145162277"
},
{
"display_name": "Granger causality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C129824826"
},
{
"display_name": "Harm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777363581"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Air pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C559116025"
},
{
"display_name": "Pollutant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82685317"
},
{
"display_name": "Pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521259446"
},
{
"display_name": "Error correction model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134024062"
},
{
"display_name": "Vector autoregression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C133029050"
},
{
"display_name": "Causality (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C64357122"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4286321219
|
Apparently, throughout human history, pollution and the economy appear to have been inextricably linked. However, the relationship between environmental harm and economic development is complex, and disciplinary biases have splintered our understanding of it. This study applies Johansen cointegration which indicate that there exists a long-term relationship between air pollutants and economic growth. Multiple regression model indicates that there is a significant relationship between air pollution variables and the economic growth. The vector autoregressive model (Var) indicates a short run relationship between the variables. Then, Vector error correction model was fitted and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is supported. More so, the EKC shows that economic growth has both positive and negative significant impact on air pollution. Meanwhile, Granger causality test shows that economic growth has causal effect on air pollution. This indicates that Jordan has reduced CO2 emissions along with other pollutants and thereby contributed to environmental improvement in the country.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Environmental Science and Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387281913",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1551720897
|
The Interrelationship between Economic Growth and CO2
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kais H. Alwan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058052132"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "University of Jordan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I114972647",
"lat": 31.95522,
"long": 35.94503,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Saeed Al-Tarawneh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021096746"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Distributed lag",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159009313"
},
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Causality (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C64357122"
},
{
"display_name": "Error correction model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134024062"
},
{
"display_name": "Short run",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204208750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Autoregressive model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159877910"
},
{
"display_name": "Lag",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C75778745"
},
{
"display_name": "Granger causality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C129824826"
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{
"display_name": "Cointegration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145162277"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907"
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{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1551720897
|
This study investigates the long run dynamic interrelationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions as an environmental indicator in Jordan. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is tested for this purpose. In addition, the direction of causality in short and long run among the variables is tested. The study used data for the period (1980-2010). In doing so, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach and vector error correction method (VECM) are applied. The empirical results reveal that the long run parameters of CO2 emissions model are consistent with (EKC) hypothesis. Furthermore, the study found a short and long run bidirectional causality among variables of CO2 model. Based on these findings, the study recommends: environmental considerations must be taken into account when macroeconomic policies are designed and industrial and transportation sector must be encouraged to import cleaner technologies.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Jordan Journal of Economic Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306515140",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4384281366
|
The Effect of Macroeconomic Policy Uncertainty on Environmental Quality in Jordan: Evidence from The Novel Dynamic Simulations Approach
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Jerash University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I48714440",
"lat": 32.252518,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Bashar Younis Subeih Alkhawaldeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047090092"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Jerash University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I48714440",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016488254"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Al-Balqa Applied University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I33926330",
"lat": 32.03917,
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],
"display_name": "Mohammad Almarshad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018556129"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Jerash University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I48714440",
"lat": 32.252518,
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"display_name": "Baha Aldeen Mohammad Fraihat",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Jerash University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I48714440",
"lat": 32.252518,
"long": 35.897602,
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"display_name": "Shireen Maher Mohammad Abu-Alhija",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092468524"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "Jerash University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I48714440",
"lat": 32.252518,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Abbas Mohammad Alhawamdeh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092468525"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "World Islamic Sciences and Education University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3132651366",
"lat": 31.95522,
"long": 35.94503,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Bader Ismaeel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092468526"
}
] |
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{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental degradation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198428699"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70798638"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
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{
"display_name": "Renewable energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188573790"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4384281366
|
Objectives: Over the past few years, Jordan's economy has grown rapidly, placing it prominently among the world's emerging markets and developing economies rapidly. The country is known for its diverse natural resources. However, the effects of macroeconomic uncertainty, energy intensity, and trade openness on the environment have received less attention than the environmental implications of energy generation. This research fills a significant gap in the literature by investigating the impact of macroeconomic policy uncertainty on Jordan's environmental Kuznets curve from 1970 to 2021.
 Methods: This study adopted a methodological framework to simulate dynamic distributed self-regression.
 Results: The results of the study revealed that uncertainty about the future direction of macroeconomic policy accelerates the short and long-term rate of environmental degradation; economic growth accelerates environmental degradation while the square of economic growth slows it, confirming the presence of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis; energy density accelerates the rate of environmental quality degradation.
 Conclusions: Jordan should adopt advanced, environmentally friendly, clean technologies that transition from fossil fuels to low-carbon renewable energy sources. The government should establish strong international partnerships for technology exchange and environmental preservation. Additionally, increasing Jordan's economic complexity is crucial for achieving its environmental development goals.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Jordan journal of economic sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210187559",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4362509633
|
Dynamic impacts of economic growth, energy use, tourism, and agricultural productivity on carbon dioxide emissions in Egypt
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4362509633
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Global climate change, exacerbated by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, notably carbon dioxide (CO2), provides a huge danger to lives, the global environment, and development. The current study explored the dynamic effects of economic growth, fossil fuel energy consumption, renewable energy consumption, tourism, and agricultural productivity on CO2 emissions in Egypt. The Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method was used to analyze time series data from 1990 to 2019. The empirical findings revealed that, while economic growth, the use of fossil fuel energy, and tourism contribute to environmental damage by cumulative CO2 emissions in Egypt, an increased share of renewable energy and agricultural productivity contribute to improved environmental quality by lowering CO2 emissions. Similar results were obtained using alternative estimators such as fully modified least squares (FMOLS) and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). Furthermore, the pairwise Granger causality test was used to determine the causal relationship between the variables. This study adds to the current literature by putting light on the causes of pollution in Egypt. This article made policy ideas for a low-carbon economy, boosting renewable energy consumption, green tourism, and climate-smart agriculture, all of which would assure environmental sustainability in Egypt by lowering emissions.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4220651424",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2896716452
|
Investigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Egypt: The Role of Renewable Energy and Trade in Mitigating GHGs
|
[
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{
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"display_name": "Cairo University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145487455",
"lat": 30.0276,
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"display_name": "Khadiga M. El-Aasar",
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2896716452
|
This paper aims to investigate the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for Egypt during the period 1971-2012. Also, it attempts to examine the potential role of renewable energy and trade in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in Egypt. Accordingly, the study examines the dynamic relationship between the GHG emissions, economic growth (real gross domestic product [GDP] per capita), renewable energy consumption (% of total), and trade openness. Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach, the empirical evidence of the EKC hypothesis is analyzed. The main findings of the analysis, concerning the validity of EKC, reveal that the EKC hypothesis does not exist for GHG emissions in Egypt for both short - and long-term. In addition, the empirical results indicate the potential significant role of renewable energy to reduce GHG emissions. However, it has been found that trade openness has insignificant impact on GHG emissions.
|
[
{
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"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4387014253
|
Testing Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Somalia: Empirical Evidence from ARDL Technique
|
[
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Somalia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387014253
|
Economic growth is typically attributed as the fundamental cause of environmental problems due to higher production which generates more pollution. The EKC hypothesis is used to test the link between economic growth and environmental pollution. In this regard, this study aims to ascertain the validity of the EKC hypothesis in Somalia using time series data spanning between 1989 to 2020. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique is applied to verify the presence of EKC and integrations between the sampled variables. According to the empirical result, it was revealed that all the regressors are statistically significant except trade openness. Agriculture production and squared economic growth are negatively related to environmental pollution whereas economic growth significantly impedes environmental quality in Somalia. Hence, an inverted U-shaped relation between growth and pollution has been found confirming the EKC hypothesis. In contrast, both economic growth and squared growth Granger cause environmental pollution but not vice versa. Policymakers should develop environmental policies to help reduce pollution emissions in order to achieve economic sustainability in the country by promoting and investing in cleaner energy resources to improve Somalia’s economy's overall energy efficiency.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy",
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"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3109829696
|
Assessment CO2 Emission Intensity of Crude Oil Production in Iraq
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jamal S. Abd al rukabie",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037341881"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iraq",
"display_name": "Mustansiriyah University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I15873915",
"lat": 33.34058,
"long": 44.40088,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Ahmed S. Hassan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020895270"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iraq",
"display_name": "Mustansiriyah University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I15873915",
"lat": 33.34058,
"long": 44.40088,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Jasim H. Kadhum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034654495"
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[
{
"display_name": "Tonne",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76758496"
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"display_name": "Christian ministry",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
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{
"display_name": "Emission intensity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54725983"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Crude oil",
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{
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{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
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{
"display_name": "Intensity (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C93038891"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87717796"
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{
"display_name": "Agricultural economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48824518"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Iraq"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W2013492474",
"https://openalex.org/W2027698151",
"https://openalex.org/W2469997908",
"https://openalex.org/W2575409749",
"https://openalex.org/W2889424096",
"https://openalex.org/W2914678248",
"https://openalex.org/W2921323119",
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"https://openalex.org/W3000936520"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3109829696
|
Abstract Carbon Dioxide Emissions Intensity (CDEI) in Iraq correlated between carbon dioxide emission (kg CO 2 ) and crude oil production (COP) (kg oil equivalent). This relationship is important for industry and energy sectors to the achievement of their economic and environmental goal, then to know a common pattern of emissions intensity. The sources of data set from Carbon Dioxide Information analysis center (CDIAC), contain: total CO2 emission, COP from Iraqi Ministry of oil and Iraqi crude oil production increased over time and about (more than 80%) from Basra city. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) was calculated. CDEI was nonlinear behavior that high level in the 1970s then decreased to reach 1.707 kg co2 / kg oil equivalent in 1997, and CDEI was more sensitive to COP than total CO2 emissions. EKC maximum values present in early 1970s and in 2004 present highest value was (0.082 metric ton / current US$ person). COP was unstable level, fluctuation between (1-3) mb/d, till reach 4.29 mb/d as average in 2019.
|
[
{
"display_name": "IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210189194",
"type": "conference"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4360856255
|
Does External Debt Worsen Environmental Pollution? Evidence from Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Ibn-Tofail",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121676899",
"lat": 34.26929,
"long": -6.565091,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Hikma Bachegour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083739694"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Ibn-Tofail",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121676899",
"lat": 34.26929,
"long": -6.565091,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ahlam Qafas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085933042"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
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{
"display_name": "External debt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C44171179"
},
{
"display_name": "Debt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120527767"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
},
{
"display_name": "Empirical evidence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166052673"
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{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Debt crisis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780747039"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
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"Morocco"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4360856255
|
Morocco’s new development model report published in 2021 offers a renewed vision of the country's economic emergence strategy. It advocates an economic growth model that respects the environment and takes into consideration climate change challenges while promoting external debt, as one of the main economic instruments to achieve this new development pathway. This study investigates the empirical relationship between external debt and carbon dioxide emissions as an indicator of environmental pollution through the environmental Kuznets theory. As Morocco has a growing external debt and relies mainly on fossil fuels, the purpose is to analyze the long-term and short-term effect of external debt on carbon dioxide emissions using an ARDL model over the period 1984-2018. The time series data was collected from World Bank. The core findings of the study confirm the existence of inverted U-shaped Kuznets curve, they also reveal that external debt has a significant negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions in Morocco.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764470041",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3116069408
|
Energies renouvelables, croissance économique et ouverture commerciale : Une analyse empirique de la courbe environnementale de Kuznets au Maroc
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Ibn-Tofail",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121676899",
"lat": 34.26929,
"long": -6.565091,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Chama El Moummy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052762878"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Ibn-Tofail",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3121676899",
"lat": 34.26929,
"long": -6.565091,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Hindou Baddih",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036244793"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Abdelmalek Essaâdi University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I240042149",
"lat": 35.57845,
"long": -5.36837,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Yahya Salmi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024783266"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Renewable energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188573790"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3116069408
|
Abstract
Morocco has started few years ago the deployment of renewable energies, particularly from wind and solar sources. The aim of this article is to test the validity of the Kuznets environmental curve in Morocco and to analyze the role of production of electricity from renewable sources on the reduction of CO2 emissions. For this objective, the relation between CO2 emissions, economic growth, and other explicative variables such as renewable electricity production and trade openness for the period 1990-2017 will be investigated. Autoregressive distributed lag model empirical approach and the Granger causality test will be used to study the causality between our variables and to test the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve for the Moroccan case. In fact, only few studies have investigated the validity of the environmental Kuznets Curve in Morocco, and no study has studied the renewable energy potential in this framework. Our results suggest that there is a strong reintegration between our variables and that the economic growth can be achieved in parallel with environmental politics that seeks for CO2 emissions limitation. The role of renewable energy in the reduction of CO2 emissions had been shown. However, our result didn’t confirm the environmental Kuznets Curve for the Moroccan case.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, Management and Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306513879",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4234262713
|
The Nature and Significance of Kuznets Cycles
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Moses Abramovitz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023444059"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Kuznets curve",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780481019"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4234262713
|
Previous articleNext article The Nature and Significance of Kuznets CyclesMoses AbramovitzMoses Abramovitz Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 9, Number 3Apr., 1961Essays in the Quantitative Study of Economic Growth, Presented to Simon Kuznets on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday, April 30, 1961, by His Students and Friends Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/449905 Views: 15Total views on this site Citations: 57Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1961 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Angelo Castaldo, Valeria De Bonis Exploring the Existence of a Short-Run Kuznets Curve: Does the Fourth Industrial Revolution Affect Income distribution?, The B.E. 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Senge Alternative Tests for the Selection of Model Variables, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 8, no.66 (Jun 1978): 450–460.https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1978.4309998Jay W. Forrester Business structure, economic cycles, and national policy, Futures 8, no.33 (Jun 1976): 195–214.https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-3287(76)90106-3Jay W. Forrester, Nathaniel J. Mass, Charles J. Ryan The system dynamics national model: Understanding socio-economic behavior and policy alternatives, Technological Forecasting and Social Change 9, no.1-21-2 (Jan 1976): 51–68.https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1625(76)90044-5Colin Newbury Labour migration in the imperial phase: An essay in interpretation, The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 3, no.22 (Jul 2008): 234–256.https://doi.org/10.1080/03086537508582429A. V. Zodgekar Evidence of Long Swings in the Growth of Australian Population and Related Economic Variables, 18611965, Pacific Viewpoint 15, no.22 (Sep 1974): 135–148.https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.152004BERT G. HICKMAN What Became of the Building Cycle?, (Jan 1974): 291–314.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-205050-3.50016-6BRINLEY THOMAS Long Swings and the Atlantic Economy: A Reappraisal**The major portion of this chapter has been taken from the work by B. Thomas (1972)., (Jan 1974): 383–406.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-205050-3.50020-8Charles M. Franks, William W. McCormick A Self-Generating Model of Long-Swings for the American Economy, 1860–1940, The Journal of Economic History 31, no.22 (May 2010): 295–343.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700090902Thomas F. Cargill Construction Activity and Secular Change in the United States, Applied Economics 3, no.22 (Jul 2006): 85–97.https://doi.org/10.1080/00036847100000031Allen C. Kelley Demographic Cycles and Economic Growth: The Long Swing Reconsidered, The Journal of Economic History 29, no.44 (Feb 2011): 633–656.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700071928Paul A. David The Growth of Real Product in the United States Before 1840: New Evidence, Controlled Conjectures, The Journal of Economic History 27, no.22 (Feb 2011): 151–197.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700110691Allen C. Kelley International Migration and Economic Growth: Australia, 1865–1935, The Journal of Economic History 25, no.33 (Feb 2011): 333–354.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700057351Richard A. Easterlin Long swings in U.S. demographic and economic growth: Some findings on the historical pattern, Demography 2, no.11 (Mar 1965): 490–507.https://doi.org/10.2307/2060134 G. L. F. Beckford Secular Fluctuations in the Growth of Tropical Agricultural Trade, Economic Development and Cultural Change 13, no.1, Part 11, Part 1 (Oct 2015): 80–94.https://doi.org/10.1086/450089J. A. DOWIE INVERSE RELATIONS OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ECONOMIES, 1871–1900, Australian Economic Papers 2, no.22 (Dec 1963): 151–179.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.1963.tb00723.x Selected bibliography 1961, Economy and History 5, no.11 (Jan 1962): 81–96.https://doi.org/10.1080/00708852.1962.10418988
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[
{
"display_name": "Economic Development and Cultural Change",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S71670289",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2037696781
|
Just war and the Gulf war
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James Turner Johnson",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078034853"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "George Weigel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031185030"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Bishops",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779627614"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Orthodoxy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778802261"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Just war theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C167388122"
},
{
"display_name": "The Venerable",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777489351"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "White (mutation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56273599"
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{
"display_name": "Desert (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776130869"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Gulf war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994199513"
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{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
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"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
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{
"display_name": "Gene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104317684"
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[
"Kuwait",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2037696781
|
Prior to military action in the Gulf War, the United States went through a remarkable national self-examination, a six-month-long debate over the ethics and politics of any possible US response to Iraqi aggression in Kuwait. Politicians and op-ed columnists, talk-show hosts and their audiences, military officers and congressmen all entered the debate in terms frequently drawn from the venerable tradition - a calculus of moral reasoning whose roots go back to St Augustine. Was America's a cause? Who was the competent authority to authorize the use of armed force? How could non-combatant immunity be protected? Was Desert Storm a last resort? One of America's foremost historians of the just war tradition, James Turner Johnson, analyzes the decision to confront Iraq militarily and the actual conduct of the campaign according to the classic just war criteria. George Weigel surveys the involvement of America's religious leaders in the debate and their faithfulness to the classic just war principles. He suggests that a functional pacifism may be the new orthodoxy among certain clerical elites. Just and the Gulf War concludes with a compilation of documents drawn from the moral debate over Operation Desert Storm, including many policy statements by the White House, the National Council of Churches and the National Conference of Catholic Bishops.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W644550545
|
Storm command: a personal account of the Gulf War
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Peter De La Billiere",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026956377"
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[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779372758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
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{
"display_name": "Desert (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776130869"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Interdiction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124119293"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Military tactics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190989730"
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"display_name": "Battlefield",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779669469"
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"display_name": "Military history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5021368"
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{
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Kuwait",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W644550545
|
Desert Storm was a war like no other. Fought with weapons of a sophistication beyond anything previously displayed in battle against a ruthless dictator whose invasion of Kuwait had been universally condemned, it was a conflict waged with an unparalleled sense of international common purpose. Under the fierce glare of world media attention, commanders had to be appointed to manage a highly volatile situation - with hostages shielding Saddam Hussein's military installations, Iraq's breached trade sanctions, needing enforcement, the constant threat of chemical warfare and the Coalition's objectives gradually shifting from defence to offence. One officer stood head and shoulders above his peers as the man to command the British forces in the Gulf. After a lifetime in the SAS, and as the most decorated officer in the army, with experience of tri-service command in the Falklands and a comprehensive understanding of Arab life and language, General Sir Peter de la Billiere was unique in having all the credentials for the task. This book chronicles the war from the Allied nerve centre, analyzing Americans' execution of the air and land campaigns. It also shows how the British commander insisted on transferring his ground forces to a more crucial sector of the battlefield and how he persuaded Schwarzkopf to deploy the SAS in the western desert of Iraq.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2991873577
|
Third Us Army: Preparing for the Future
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Steven L Arnold",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067573470"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Victory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220109"
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{
"display_name": "Offensive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C176856949"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Witness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776900844"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Command and control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C506615639"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Officer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
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{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
}
] |
[
"Kuwait",
"Iran",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2991873577
|
AS OPERATION DESERT STORM came to a halt, everyone within LUCKY MAIN, the Third Army/US Army Forces Central Command (ARCENT) tactical operations center, felt a great sense of elation, relief and pride. Our victory was quick and casualties were light. As the Third Army operations officer, I was proud of everyone's contribution to the ground offensive's planning and synchronization. However, I was the first to recognize that thanks to their unparalleled professionalism, our divisions, corps and support troops would have made any plan a success. The Gulf War victory belonged to America's Armed Forces at all levelssoldier to general. Like other Army professionals, my thoughts turned inward after the war to ponder what happened and why and how we could make improvements. Many areas were identified for change-some that would be quick; others that would be complex, resource-intensive and long term. Among the long-term complex issues needing attention, the following were obvious: It took us too long to deploy our forces. More joint and combined command and control (C^sup 2^) training was needed. Active Component (AC) and Reserve Component (RC) integration was too slow and must be improved. After returning to Third Army three years later as its commander, I have been quite pleased to witness some of those key and essential long-term challenges finally coming to resolution. The Army's successful Pre-positioning (PREPO) program continues to mature and greatly facilitates our ability to respond quickly. However, we still need more improvement in quickening our sealift and airlift capabilities. A very robust joint and combined training program has contributed significantly to building an international coalition for the long term. This will minimize future team building when we cross the line of departure as in Desert Storm. Equally significant, we have built and improved the AC and RC personnel bridge within Third Army to ensure a smoother, faster transition to war. This article addresses each of these issues in more detail. Army War Reserve Pre-Positioning Program In the US Central Command (CENTCOM) area of responsibility (AOR), which includes 20 nations in Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia, the time and distance challenges and the diversities in language, religion, economic wealth and culture are significant. However, the Cold War's end and the Gulf War's results together produced watershed changes, challenges and opportunities. Tensions in the region have not diminished. Regional powers such as Iran and Iraq, who command their own resource bases and are no longer constrained by bipolar, superpower politics, are emerging. These two nations, and others, have shown a willingness to test their neighbors and the world community as they pursue their own interests, even at the expense of regional stability. Since Desert Storm, Third Army has responded five times to contingency requirements to deploy, command, control and support major Army forces to deter Iraqi adventurism. Each operation underscored the need for vigilance and quick response and reinforced the value of prepositioned equipment and limited forward presence in offsetting the strategic time/distance challenges inherent in winning the race for Kuwait. The US Army currently has pre-positioned Army War Reserves Set 5 (AWR-5) at Camp Doha, Kuwait, to meet this time/distance challenge. AWR-5 is a full, heavy brigade set of equipment that is ready to fight as fast as troops can be flown into theater. I have challenged Colonel Bob Smalser, commander, ARCENT-Kuwait, to issue at least a battalion set of that equipment every 24 hours. He has made that challenge a reality. We routinely exercise that equipment at least twice a year during the INTRINSIC ACTION exercise series with brigade command posts and battalion task forces (TFs) from the 1st Cavalry Division, Fort Hood, Texas, and 24th Infantry Division (ID) (Mechanized) [M], now redesignated the 3d ID(M), Fort Stewart, Georgia. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W318162434
|
Recommendations of Rules, Regulations, and Codes for Managing the Female Officers in the Turkish Navy
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yurdagul Colakoglu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038254340"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W318162434
|
Abstract : The Turkish Navy commissioned its first female graduates from the Naval Academy in 1957, but these officers were not utilized in combat roles onboard ships. In 1960, the Navy ceased commissioning women altogether. Political and social pressure in the 1980s caused the Navy, once again, to open its doors to women in educational, engineering, and medical roles. In 1992, the Naval Academy updated its rules and regulations and allowed women to enter with the goal of fulfilling combat roles. As a result of this process, the Turkish Navy commissioned its first combatant female officers in the summer of 1996. This created a need for new rules, regulations, and codes for managing these combatant female officers. Research using the United States system as a likely source for managing issues related to combatant female officers and the description of social, traditional, and cultural differences between American and Turkish Nations in historical nersvective are the focus of this thesis.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W301013674
|
Implementation and Evaluation of Microcomputer Systems for the Republic of Turkey's Naval Ships.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sukru Ozkan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039200875"
}
] |
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Microcomputer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C132090242"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Information system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180198813"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Suite",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79581498"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Systems engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201995342"
},
{
"display_name": "Database",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77088390"
},
{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
},
{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Chip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C165005293"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W301013674
|
Abstract : The aim of this thesis is to analyze and design a microcomputer system for Republic of Turkish Navy combatant ships. Most shipboard nontactical information handling operations currently are performed manually aboard Republic of Turkish Naval combatant ships. To do this nontactical information handling operations efficiently, the development of a microcomputer system onboard RTN ship is presented. Also, microcomputer system design considerations and evaluation method will be discussed in this thesis. Chapter one presents the introduction and format of the thesis. Chapter two provides a general history of computers, and a history of U.S. Navy's computer systems, and discusses the organization of RTN combatants. Chapter three describes Data Base Management System for RTN combatant ships, including Data base models and available DBMS to RTN. Chapter four examines system design considerations. Chapter five list the evaluation criteria for selecting a microcomputer system. Finally, Chapter six lists conclusions and recommendations.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2914772868
|
“Sons of Two Empires”: The Idea of Nationhood in Anzac and Turkish Poems of the Gallipoli Campaign
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Glasgow Caledonian University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I195939026",
"lat": 55.86515,
"long": -4.25763,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Burçin Çakır",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065193649"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Inonu University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20126385",
"lat": 38.35018,
"long": 38.31667,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Berkan Ulu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091263648"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Victory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220109"
},
{
"display_name": "Poetry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164913051"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Empire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778495208"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "National identity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778407155"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2914772868
|
An unexpected failure of the Allied forces and a monumental victory for the Turks, the Gallipoli Campaign (1915) is thought to be the first notable experience for Australians and New Zealanders on their way to identify themselves as nations free from the British Empire. For the war-weary Turks, too, the victory in Gallipoli was the beginning of their transformation from a wreck of an empire to a modern republic. Despite the existence of a substantial body of research on the military, political, and historical aspects of the campaign, studies on the literature of Gallipoli are very few and often deal with canonised poets such as Rupert Brooke or national concerns through a single perspective. Aiming to bring to light underappreciated poets from Gallipoli, this paper is a comparative study of less known poems in English and Turkish from Gallipoli. While doing this, the study traces the signs of the nation-building processes of Australia, New Zealand, and Turkey with emphasis on national identity. To this end, the paper examines a number of Gallipoli poems in English and Turkish that were composed by combatant or non-combatant poets by using close reading analysis in search of shifts in discourse and tone. The study also underlines how poets from the two sides identified themselves and the ways the campaign is reflected in these poems. At length, the study shows that Gallipoli poems display similar attitudes towards the idea of belonging to an empire although they differ in the way warfare is perceived. With emphasis on less known poems and as one of the very few comparative studies of the poetry of the Gallipoli Campaign, this paper will contribute to the current research into the legacy and literature of the First World War.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Revista alicantina de estudios ingleses",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180411",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402641",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2496199633
|
Extraction of Agricultural Resources
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "London School of Economics and Political Science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I909854389",
"lat": 51.50853,
"long": -0.12574,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Kristian Coates Ulrichsen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026146140"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "Mesopotamia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C85064482"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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[
"Palestine",
"State of Palestine",
"Egypt"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1986549743",
"https://openalex.org/W2047146163",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2496199633
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The logistical requirements of industrial warfare required combatant states to out-produce as well as out-fight their enemy. In Britain, the penetrative reach of the wartime state expanded as grand strategy came to encompass the mobilisation of the nation’s economic, commercial and human resources for the war effort. This also had an extra-European dimension as India and Egypt became the principal supply bases for the campaigns in Palestine and Mesopotamia respectively. Colonial authorities in Delhi and Cairo gradually implemented progressively greater measures that extended the powers of the central state and sharpened its extractive penetration of local agricultural production and consumption. This was an uneven process that largely occurred in 1917–18 when the focus of British officials in London and the extra-European theatres shifted to exploiting local resources as fully as possible.1 Britain virtually ceased to be a source of supply of food and fodder to the two campaigns as shipping scarcities, coupled with the United States’ entry in April 1917 and subsequent rises in the price of North American foodstuffs, led London to concentrate on developing alternative sources of supply.2
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[
{
"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4200419062
|
Tort Liability, Combatant Activities, and the Question of Over-Deterrence
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[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Haim Abraham",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031370888"
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"display_name": "Tort",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C200635333"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777834853"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777381055"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C57017900"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
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[
"Palestine",
"State of Palestine",
"Israel"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1591912757",
"https://openalex.org/W2034854856",
"https://openalex.org/W2040210902",
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"https://openalex.org/W3162351990",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4200419062
|
Immunity from tort liability for losses that are inflicted during warfare is often justified by a supposedly intuitive concern: without immunity, states and combatants will be over-deterred from engaging in combat. In this article, I test this common perception using three frameworks. First, I theoretically analyze the impact of tort liability on relevant state actors’ incentives to engage in warfare. This analysis suggests that tort law is likely to under-deter state actors in relation to their decisions on whether and how to conduct hostilities. Second, I test this conclusion through an original mixed-methods exploratory research, using Israel as a test case. My findings reveal that while tort liability under-deters state actors from engaging in warfare, it can prompt them to implement regulatory measures to minimize the state’s liability. Third, I offer a legal history analysis, exploring why Israel established an immunity from tort liability for losses it inflicts during combat in 1951, and why and how this immunity has expanded since. I show that as the Israel-Palestine conflict prolonged and intensified, state actors began viewing Palestinians’ tort claims as a civilian means of warfare and immunity from liability as the weapon needed for defending Israel’s interests.
|
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"display_name": "Law & Social Inquiry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S129275725",
"type": "journal"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401237",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "UCL Discovery (University College London)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400024",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3089006771
|
Detaining Unlawful Enemy Combatants In Israel: A Matter of Misinterpretation?
|
[
{
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{
"country": "Israel",
"display_name": "Netanya Academic College",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I55693919",
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"long": 34.879177,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Joshua Segev",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
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[
"West Bank",
"Lebanon",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W4248349266",
"https://openalex.org/W4250655264",
"https://openalex.org/W4253293474"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3089006771
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Legal experts have been debating the constitutionality of detaining “unlawful enemy combatants” not entitled to lawful combatant’s rights, immunities and privileges, in the so-called “war on terror”. The article argues against the territorial and over-individualized interpretation given to the Unlawful Enemy Combatant Act of 2002 by the Israeli Supreme Court. Namely, that the purpose of the Unlawful Enemy Combatant Act establishes an “ordinary” administrative detention mechanism to be used beyond Israel’s borders (i.e. in Gaza and Lebanon but not in Israel or the West Bank), and which requires the showing of an “individual threat” emanating from the detainee to state national security. The article defends an associative theory of culpability for detaining enemy combatant.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Ius gentium",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210185638",
"type": "book series"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4239266454
|
Three Posters
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rabih Mroué",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054632846"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Elias Khoury",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085125930"
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[
{
"display_name": "Front (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777551076"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779192065"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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"display_name": "Governor",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Communism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4239266454
|
In 1985, Jamal El Sati, a combatant for the National Resistance Front in Lebanon, the military wing of the pro-Moscow Lebanese Communist Party (LCP), recorded a videotape testimony a few hours before carrying out a suicide operation against the Israeli Army occupying southern Lebanon. He wore the clothes of a local sheikh and led a donkey loaded with 400 kilograms of TNT up to the headquarters of the Israeli military governor in Hasbayya. After passing three barricades controlled by the South Lebanon Army, he reached his target, detonated the bomb, and exploded himself and the donkey along with it.
|
[
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"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1494179615
|
Libya's Operation Odyssey Dawn. Command and Control
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Joe Quartararo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079397015"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael Rovenolt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007691106"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Randy White",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008400253"
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[
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C158016649"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Preparedness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777042776"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
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] |
[
"Algeria",
"Tunisia",
"Sudan",
"Libya",
"Egypt",
"Iraq",
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1494179615
|
U.S. Africa Command (USAFRICOM) was established in 2008 as a new kind of geographic combatant command, one focused primarily on stability and engagement operations rather than warfighting. As such, many of its key leadership positions were filled by non-Department of Defense (DOD) personnel, and its civilian manning was proportionately larger dian at other commands.Events in Libya from January through April 201 1 and die related coalition operation, Operation Odyssey Dawn, provided an opportunity to observe how this new type of command would perform in a crisis/contingency operation. USAFRICOM was required to plan kinetic operations, form a multinational coalition, stand up a multinational joint task force (JTF), conduct offensive and defensive maritime and air operations, and transition leadership of die operation to die North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).The best practices and lessons learned from all phases of USAFRICOM's execution of the operation will be valuable in determining die viability of its unique structure and organization and its applicability to other commands. Additionally, the lessons learned will provide input to changes diat may be required to ensure future success.BackgroundIn December 2010, unrest in North Africa began with protests against die Tunisian government and spread like wildfire across Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Sudan, and Libya. In January 201 1, peaceful protests and demonstrations against the Libyan government began. In February, die arrest of a human rights activist triggered a riot in Benghazi, Libya, setting off protests diat turned violent when confronted by Libyan security forces. Due to increased violence and inflammatory statements by Libyan leader Muammar Qadhafi, the U.S. Government directed USAFRICOM to begin preparations for a noncombatant evacuation operation (NEO) of U.S. citizens from Libya.As the responsible command, USAFRICOM established Joint Task Force Odyssey Dawn (JTF-OD) to facilitate civilian evacuation, provide humanitarian assistance (HA), and transport Egyptian civilians from Tunisia to Egypt in support of the U.S. Department of State. JTF-OD was commanded by Admiral Samuel J. Locklear III of U.S. Naval Forces Africa, with naval assets assigned from 6th Fleet and air assets from 3d and 17th Air Force.On February 26, die United Nations (UN) authorized sanctions against Libya under UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1970 to include an arms embargo and demand for an immediate ceasefire. The situation in Libya deteriorated, and die threat of violence against die civilian population increased. The United States, with ongoing operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, was reluctant to go it alone to protect Allied interests in Libya - and from a political standpoint, U.S. solo intervention in Libya could be perceived by some in die Muslim world community as another U.S. attack on Islam. Additionally, there were concerns expressed by several African nations diat a unilateral move by the United States could be viewed as veiled imperialism. To address these and other concerns, die U.S. Government attempted to form a coalition diat included bodi Arab Muslim and African nations to provide legitimacy for any military action against die Libyan government.Unfortunately, although most of the African nations agreed diat Libya had gone too far in its attempts to suppress die popular demonstrations, diese nations were neither militarily equipped nor politically motivated to join a coalition to enforce UNSCR 1970 sanctions against die Libyan government.France and England were already involved in evacuation operations in Libya and indicated that they would be willing to join with the United States to protect the civilian population. Italy and Germany agreed to provide logistic support for a NEO or HA operation, but would not support kinetic operations unless endorsed by die UN. USAFRICOM, as lead, had no previous experience with forming a coalition, and since none of die African nations within USAFRICOM's area of responsibility (AOR) was willing to participate, potential coalition partners had to come from U. …
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S42738306",
"type": "journal"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W2279451304
|
Techniques, Poetry and Politics in Western Sahara
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sébastien Boulay",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070455590"
}
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{
"display_name": "Cultural heritage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C60671577"
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Dimension (graph theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33676613"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777551076"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
}
] |
[
"Algeria",
"Western Sahara"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2279451304
|
This paper proposes a reflection on the relationship between technique and politics, based on the analysis of a long inventory poem collected in the occupied territories of Western Sahara and attributed to a Polisario Front artist and combatant, living in Tindouf refugee camps (Algeria). Real textbook of cultural technology, this poem composed in West-Saharan Arabic dialect (?assâniyya), contents itself with describing by the menu the manufacturing techniques and the objects of the Bedouin tent but at the same time offers an original lighting, by the register in which it is composed and declaimed and also by the astonishing performance of the poet, on the political dimension of this emblematic nomadic architecture and of the culture that it shelters, the whole in an unprecedented context of cultural heritage instrumentalization in Western Sahara.
|
[
{
"display_name": "L'Homme",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S183330462",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2055835423
|
The Tradeoff between Force and Casualties
|
[
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"long": 34.87386,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Yagil Levy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014055213"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
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{
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}
] |
[
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"https://openalex.org/W2049228636",
"https://openalex.org/W2063871108",
"https://openalex.org/W2132644300",
"https://openalex.org/W2134554618",
"https://openalex.org/W2140513588",
"https://openalex.org/W4211036401",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2055835423
|
The Gaza War between Israel and Hamas in winter 2009, in which excessive use of lethal force caused the deaths of many Gazan non-combatants, shed light on how casualty shyness leads democracies to use excessive force to reduce the risk to which soldiers are exposed at the expense of the opponent’s non-combatant fatalities. This can be termed the force/casualty tradeoff (FCT). Because this tradeoff is only one manifestation of state action, a more thorough analysis is required to recognize variances in the state’s space of action. Arguably, and by drawing on the case of Gaza, the FCT reflects the interplay between two sets of legitimacies: legitimacy of sacrifice and the legitimacy to use force. The relations between these two legitimacies determine the state’s space of action in the military domain: low legitimacy of sacrifice coupled with high legitimacy to use force yields the FCT, while other variations in the profile of these legitimacies produce other results.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Conflict Management and Peace Science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S142977025",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2498932112
|
5. Is Non‐Combatant Immunity Absolute?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David Fisher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042378712"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Absolute (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777487392"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2498932112
|
The principle of non‐combatant immunity forbids deliberate attacks on civilians. Yet civilians are regularly killed in war. So are all wars unjust? Just‐war commentators have resisted this conclusion, distinguishing between intended and foreseen consequences. The role of double effect is examined both in just‐war thinking and in supporting moral absolutism. Double effect marks an important distinction, but this is not sufficient to support moral absolutism. Other gradations of mental state are also relevant to the attribution of moral responsibility. Absolutism oversimplifies the nature of moral reasoning and leads to implausible conclusions. The principle of non‐combatant immunity cannot be held absolute. But to minimize the suffering caused by war there are strong reasons for holding it as near absolute a principle as we can. The application of the principle is examined against two case studies: the 2008–9 conflict in Gaza and NATO air operations in Kosovo in 1999.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oxford University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463708",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W221046839
|
Airpower and the Battle of Khafji: Setting the Record Straight
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John Newell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050182353"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Offensive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C176856949"
},
{
"display_name": "Battle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778627824"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Judgement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776548248"
},
{
"display_name": "Operational level of war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205960476"
},
{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
},
{
"display_name": "Military tactics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190989730"
},
{
"display_name": "Military strategy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118813454"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Military history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5021368"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Red Army's tactics in World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122133782"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
}
] |
[
"Saudi Arabia",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W221046839
|
Abstract : General Norman Schwarzkopf, Commander of Coalition forces in the Gulf War, summarized the Iraqi offensive at Khafji as about as significant as a mosquito on an elephant. In subsequent years, Gulf War analysts have increased their focus on Khafji, arguing that this relatively minor engagement had significant strategic implications for the Gulf War as well as future conflicts. In particular, airpower advocates increasingly refer to Khafji as the example of airpower's emerging role in halting armored offenses, a traditional Army mission. What really happened at Khafji? Did this three-day battle signify a shift toward the pre-eminence of airpower over land warfare? Are those citing Khafji as evidence of airpower s new role in joint warfare reaching too far? Did airpower alone halt a significant Iraqi attack into Saudi Arabia? This study examines the available unclassified evidence to determine the tactical and operational effects of airpower at Khafji. First, it first addresses the Iraqis intentions at Khafji, presuming that no accurate judgement of Coalition effectiveness can be determined independently of what the Iraqis were trying to achieve. Next, the study seeks to conclude the overall effectiveness of Coalition forces by comparing Iraqi intentions with actual results. Finally, airpower s role is analyzed to determine the extent to which airpower contributed to the successful Coalition defense. The study concludes that because Iraqi army was so outmatched at Khafji, airmen should be cautious about overstating the effects of airpower. It also concludes that airpower delivered the overwhelming number of lethal kills at Khafji and was primarily responsible for repulsing the attack, however feeble. Finally, the study argues that Marine air provided the preponderance of force until the fourth day of the battle, when the JFACC brought a significant portion of the entire Coalition air assets to bear against the already retreating Iraqis.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2992158830
|
Integrating the Advisory Effort in the Army: A Full-Spectrum Solution
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael D. Jason",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002010229"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Infantry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198766705"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Excellence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777352838"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Center of excellence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778760837"
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{
"display_name": "National security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C528167355"
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{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
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{
"display_name": "Special forces",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776126810"
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{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
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{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Saudi Arabia",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2992158830
|
views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the United States government. Arguably, the most important military component in the War on Terror is not the fighting we do ourselves, but how well we enable and empower our partners to defend and govern their own countries.1 -Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, 10 October 2007 A CLEAR GAP EXISTS that the should fill by providing a sustained conventional advisory capability as part of national defense. U.S. history since World War II reveals the repeated use of general purpose forces (GPF) as combat advisors.2 Numerous strategic documents call on the to address this capability requirement, most notably, the 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review. With the exception of FM 3-24, Counterinsurgency, and a brief mention in the most recent FM 3-0, Full-Spectrum Operations, doctrine fails to address the use of GPFs as advisors. This paper proposes the creation of a single headquarters, a hypothetical at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, under the U.S. Forces Command, in collaboration with the U.S. Training and Doctrine Command. This new command would include the advisor school and serve as the proponent for all issues relating to the advising and equipping of foreign conventional forces. command would entail an institutional center of excellence and permeate force structure down to the BCT levels. Advisors could perform full-spectrum operations including training, equipping, liaison, and access to combat multipliers for our partners and allies. Why Institutionalize? One of the most contested subjects in today's military is the composition and role of advisor teams. Many in the institutional urge returning this role to the Army's Special Forces (SF), especially as they increase by five battalions.3 Others, such as lieutenant Colonel John Nagl, argue for a permanent 20,000-man Army Advisor Corps.4 Noted analyst Dr. Andrew Krepinevich of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments recently briefed the Pentagon's leadership on a similar proposal. Most recently, some called for placing the capability within BCTs. Yet, seven years after the invasion of Afghanistan and more than five years after the beginning of the Iraq war, the debate still rages, and the Army's advisor mission continues to be at best an ad hoc effort.5 History and strategic guidance tell the to institutionalize the advisory role. Historic Context The past is never dead. It's not even past.6 -William Faulkner U.S. prides itself on being a learning organization. However, in the most recent advisory efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan, much of what the institution has learned has really been relearned. A cursory look at advisor missions conducted by conventional forces since the end of WWII reveals a distinct pattern. post-World War II era coincides with the emergence of Special Forces, so one would expect a decrease in advisor activities by conventional Soldiers. Instead, the use of GPF in advisory operations remains vast and continuous. For example, conventional forces deployed to Greece to stand up, train, and advise the Greek in their struggle against communist guerrillas in the late 1940s. Korea Military Assistance Group conducted similar efforts. Perhaps the most significant and well known conventional advisory effort occurred in Vietnam under the Military Assistance CommandVietnam (MAC-V). Numerous other operations have gone unnoticed. Advisors trained and mentored German and Japanese units after WWII and worked with French units in the 1950s against the Viet Minh. advisors have worked with Colombian forces and the Saudi Arabian National Guard for several years. Furthermore, conventional forces are used as advisors in Iraq, Horn of Africa, and Afghanistan. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2106621162
|
Flying under the radar: A study of public attitudes towards unmanned aerial vehicles
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Council on Foreign Relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1302033884",
"lat": 40.768597,
"long": -73.966194,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Cornell University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I205783295",
"lat": 42.44063,
"long": -76.49661,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Sarah E. Kreps",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001527630"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Principle of legality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42027317"
},
{
"display_name": "Drone",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59519942"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Legitimacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46295352"
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{
"display_name": "Public opinion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134698397"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Yemen",
"Somalia"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W15207498",
"https://openalex.org/W1608085403",
"https://openalex.org/W2055746913",
"https://openalex.org/W2107510625",
"https://openalex.org/W2120842072",
"https://openalex.org/W2125375307",
"https://openalex.org/W2169866794",
"https://openalex.org/W2315688625",
"https://openalex.org/W3124594392",
"https://openalex.org/W3125737665",
"https://openalex.org/W4230003758",
"https://openalex.org/W4234345158",
"https://openalex.org/W4238366431"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2106621162
|
Unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones, have become a central feature of American foreign policy, with over 400 strikes in Pakistan, Somalia, and Yemen in the last decade. Despite criticisms that have arisen about ethics and legality of this policy, polls have registered high levels of public support for drone strikes. This article shows that the standard formulation of poll questions takes as a given the government’s controversial claims about combatant status and source of legal authorization. I conduct a survey experiment that evaluates how varying the terms of the debate –in particular whether the strikes are compatible with international humanitarian law (IHL) and have legal authorization – affects public support for the drone policy. Treatments that incorporated contested assumptions about IHL meaningfully decreased public support while the public was less moved by questions about domestic or international legal authorization.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research & Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2738497388",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W579881579
|
Together We Stand: Turning the Tide in the West: North Africa, 1942-1943
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Holland James",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072879762"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Victory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220109"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Alliance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778431023"
},
{
"display_name": "Fortress (chess)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38035415"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Tunisia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W579881579
|
From the bestselling author of Fortress Malta, this book looks afresh at the conflict in Northern Africa. Impeccably researched, this book examines the involvement of the US and the way this early collaboration shaped the whole Anglo-American axis for the rest of the war in Europe. By June 1942, Britain had reached her lowest ebb. Her military command was in tatters, her armies beaten, and in the Middle East it seemed all might be lost. Her new ally, America, had only fledgling armed forces and was severely under-trained, yet it was this alliance of the weary combatant and naive newcomer, coming together for the first time in North Africa, that would eventually bring about the defeat of Nazi Germany. This crucial period -- from defeat at Gazala through to the victories of Alamein and ultimately in Tunisia -- was a time of learning for the Allies, yet by the end Britain and America had finally gained material and certain tactical advantages over Germany, particularly in the air warfare. As this book shows, the development of a tactical air force -- principles that are still used to this day -- were founded over the skies of North Africa. When the Axis forces were finally driven from North Africa in May 1943, over 250,000 Axis troops were taken prisoner, more than had surrendered to the Russians at Stalingrad. It was a major victory and a crucial steppingstone to the future invasion of Italy and France. In this new reappraisal, James Holland also interweaves the personal stories of the men -- and women -- who made up these polyglot Allied forces: British and American, Nepalese and Punjabi, South African and Australian, Maori and Zulu, from all ranks and all services. From the heat and dust of the Western Desert to the mud and mountains of Northern Tunisia, this book charts the extraordinary first days of an Alliance that has worked together ever since.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4210844655
|
Explaining intentional cultural destruction in the Syrian Civil War
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "University of South Florida",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2613432",
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"long": -82.413055,
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],
"display_name": "Luis Felipe Mantilla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013895832"
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{
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Film Independent",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210121988",
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"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Zorana Knezevic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014078438"
}
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213"
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{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
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{
"display_name": "Criminology",
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{
"display_name": "Poison control",
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Human factors and ergonomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166735990"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Suicide prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526869908"
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{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
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] |
[
"Syria"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4210844655
|
Why, when, and where do participants in civil wars engage in intentional cultural destruction (ICD)? Focusing on the case of ISIS in Syria, our article examines how ideological and strategic considerations intersect to shape ICD campaigns. We propose that ideologically motivated combatants rely on ICD as a form of collective violence aimed at reinforcing territorial control, and hypothesize that ICD events are most likely in areas where a group is actively contesting territory. Using an original dataset that combines data on ICD events in Syria with measures of combatant control, we conduct a quantitative analysis of the main factors contributing to the incidence of ISIS-inflicted ICD across Syria’s governorates and over time. We rely on panel regressions to assess the importance of territorial control relative to other prominent factors contributing to ICD, such as the presence of internationally recognized cultural sites and the share of ethno-religious minorities. We find that the dynamics of combatant control play a central role in accounting for the distribution of ISIS-inflicted ICD events in Syria.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Peace Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S71119591",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2764145198
|
The Protection of Civilians in War: Non-Combatant Immunity in Holy Quran and Sunnah (Prophetic Traditions)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jamsheed Ahmad Syed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015520133"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Arshid Iqbal Dear",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065398938"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779341262"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Immune system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C8891405"
}
] |
[
"Syria"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2764145198
|
In modern times, in presence of modern international law which is being considered a result of developed and conscious thought of centuries, armed conflict has blighted the lives of millions of civilians. In recent armed conflict innocent civilians constitute an overwhelming majority of victims and have at times been deliberately targeted.. Since 1990, almost more than four million people have died in different wars, 90 percent of them civilians’. Moreover in present situations especially in Syria civilian are being killed both by ISIS and by NATO forces without taking any care for humanity. International humanitarian law by theory is capable to protect the civilian in war but in practice the principles of international humanitarian law are being violated because the violation of principles is the culture of unprincipled life.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764474527",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1510991014
|
Cadets in Strategic Landpower: Managing the Talent We Need
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Adrian T. Bogart",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074585231"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "J. D. Mohundro",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025201294"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "National security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C528167355"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Multinational corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158016649"
},
{
"display_name": "Strategic goal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C183735805"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Military science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C451841"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Djibouti"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1510991014
|
The emerging concept of strategic landpower refers to the application of land- power toward achieving overar- ching national or multinational security objectives.1 The Army is developing its approach to em- ploying landpower as a globally responsive and regionally engaged Army. Through regionally aligned forces that provide combatant commanders with capabilities for regional missions, the Army will engage forward and maneuver strategically with its partners. As Field Manual 3-22, Army Support to Security Cooperation, states:Whether providing humanitarian assistance training in Southeast Asia, providing mo- bile training teams in Africa, or developing interoperability with European partners and regional security organizations, the Army as part of the joint force conducts security coop- eration activities to help shape the environ- ment and prevent unstable situations from escalating into conflict, in support of com- batant commanders and to achieve national security objectives.2Against this backdrop, what skills will Army leaders need? How can the Army develop leaders who will achieve success in applying strategic landpower? The answer is to start as early as possible in a leader's career. Future Army leaders need to gain critical skills as cadets, when education can lay a foundation in science, technology, engineering , mathematics, languages, and world cultures. Cadets need to use those skills from the beginning of their careers.To manage the talent it will need, the Army should ask in what ways education, experiences, and training during college will prepare cadets to apply strategic landpower as officers. The strategic landpower concept can guide how the Army prepares its officers during their undergraduate study and their initial years of service. The Army already has taken some steps toward preparing new second lieu- tenants for future assignments, but it should improve how it recruits students and manages their careers as officers.In August 2013, the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, U.S. Army Africa (USARAF), and U.S. Army Cadet Command cooperated to provide cultural understanding and leadership development to a group of ca- dets. The new program embedded three Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) Cadets with USARAF country desk officers who accompanied the cadets to Lesotho, Zambia, Djibouti, Uganda, and Italy. According to Maj. Christopher D. Sturm, International Army Programs liaison to USARAF, the skills, experiences, and cul- tural awareness the cadets gained would provide an important baseline for their future positions.3 Sturm said, Ultimately, our Army is stronger in the near and far term because of engagements like this.4 The Cadet Overseas Training Mission is one small example of how cadets can gain experience that will prepare them to apply strategic landpower. Such programs should be expanded.Science, Technology, Engineering, and MathematicsThe Army's approach to recruiting and train- ing cadets has much room for improvement; it has changed little in 20 years. The ROTC program should entice elite students and ensure the Army gets the best possible return on its investment. Currently, the main incentive is college scholarships, but career fields are not guaranteed. Cadets take Army ROTC classes in addition to their chosen area of study. Near the end of their senior year, they are assigned a basic branch, along with all other graduating cadets. The criteria for branch assignment typically are unrelated to their field of study. A mechanical engineer could be assigned to the transportation corps, or a history major could be assigned as an engineer. According to a report in the AUSA [Association of the United States Army] News, the Army has increased its emphasis on recruiting young men and women for ROTC with backgrounds in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (known as STEM).5 At the recruiting website www.goarmy.com, the only evidence of this is that potential students can find a link that allows them to see the names of technical careers available in the Army. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W235959251
|
Mountain and Cold Weather Warfighting: Critical Capability for the 21st Century
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Scott Pierce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015159024"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Cold war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986359222"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Extreme Cold",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908525100"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Climatology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49204034"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Geology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W45256467",
"https://openalex.org/W63698204",
"https://openalex.org/W152761101",
"https://openalex.org/W214454044",
"https://openalex.org/W222025370",
"https://openalex.org/W240536443",
"https://openalex.org/W268492489",
"https://openalex.org/W278908069",
"https://openalex.org/W281352223",
"https://openalex.org/W299978339",
"https://openalex.org/W306729415",
"https://openalex.org/W309498893",
"https://openalex.org/W335122075",
"https://openalex.org/W347039947",
"https://openalex.org/W607757993",
"https://openalex.org/W645367623",
"https://openalex.org/W646911311",
"https://openalex.org/W652423225",
"https://openalex.org/W1489384451",
"https://openalex.org/W1545589831",
"https://openalex.org/W1548359871",
"https://openalex.org/W1561469211",
"https://openalex.org/W1570313041",
"https://openalex.org/W1586657311",
"https://openalex.org/W1608583118",
"https://openalex.org/W1878704421",
"https://openalex.org/W1984566853",
"https://openalex.org/W1987618998",
"https://openalex.org/W2009212856",
"https://openalex.org/W2084110862",
"https://openalex.org/W2089486804",
"https://openalex.org/W2795410483",
"https://openalex.org/W2797006239",
"https://openalex.org/W2797833450",
"https://openalex.org/W2807454274",
"https://openalex.org/W2891651122",
"https://openalex.org/W2954484211"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W235959251
|
Abstract : This monograph posits that military operations in high mountains or intense cold require forces with specialized organization, training, and equipment. The overlap in physical characteristics of mountain and cold weather environments leads to an overlap in the capabilities required of military forces who are able to operate optimally in these regions. The author describes the characteristics of military operations in mountains and cold weather (MCW), and the effects of the MCW environment on each of six warfighting functions. To illustrate the effects of the MCW environment on military operations, the author presents case studies of the cold weather Suomussalmi campaign, which occurred during the Soviet-Finnish Winter War, and the high mountain Kargil campaign, which occurred in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. The latter was one of many bloody confrontations between India and Pakistan. The author also describes those regions that are characterized by high mountains or cold climates that hold strategic importance for the United States. These regions are Central Asia, South Asia, the Caucasus, Iran, the Andes, and the Arctic. The author then catalogs current U.S. military MCW warfighting (MCWW) capabilities, concluding that they are insufficient. Recognizing that the development of a dedicated specialized MCW force is an inefficient and unrealistic goal for the U.S. military, the author recommends a to provide a minimally acceptable off-the-shelf capability to support U.S. regional combatant commanders. This hedging strategy includes the designation of a Department of Defense executive agent; creation of a high-level programs office to direct and coordinate doctrine, training, and procurement; and the establishment of modern training centers. Finally, the author advocates organizing, training, and equipping specialized units who are designed to provide general purpose forces with MCW-specific expertise and equipment.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W317840115
|
Operational Art of Maritime Straits
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James P Lowell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078011494"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Belligerent",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779112814"
},
{
"display_name": "Maritime security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778204415"
},
{
"display_name": "Naval warfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C532361734"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Strategist",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779544567"
},
{
"display_name": "Timeline",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4438859"
},
{
"display_name": "Maritime boundary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190377246"
},
{
"display_name": "Closure (psychology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146834321"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55447825"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W317840115
|
Abstract : The world economy is growing more reliant on the volume and security of traffic in the maritime straits. Given the expanding role of asymmetric warfare in littoral sea control and the growing importance of strait integrity in the global economy, understanding the intricacies of operational factors in straits is vital to the Commander's employment of sound Operational Art. This paper examines operational factors as they pertain to the uniqueness of maritime straits. The peculiarities of strait closure and resulting drastic effects in the modern global economy must be examined thoroughly in the Space-Force-Time construct to understand the power balance vital to maintaining sea-lines of communication and maritime interests of the United States and its allies. Due to the speed at which some straits can be closed and the resulting global effects, the only guarantor of integrity in those straits is to preemptively strike a belligerent's forces. If this thesis is correct, a new array of difficult problems is revealed. The timeline from actionable intelligence to a belligerent's effective strait closure is very short, if it even exists. The time that is available is not sufficient for debating reactionary plans or new course of action (COA) development. But the decision to preemptively strike may result in many unintended consequences, the most likely -- war. The two extremes: reacting to strait closure and employing a preemptive-strike leave the combatant commander few middle-ground alternatives. A case study focuses on current day Iran and the Strait of Hormuz. Finally, the paper recommends a combatant commander review and revision of courses of action under an Operational Art lens, focused through the Space-Time-Force analysis provided.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4293379597
|
The Daylamite Involvement in the Lazic War (541-562)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Georgia",
"display_name": "Ilia State University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I183003952",
"lat": 41.69411,
"long": 44.83368,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Georgia",
"display_name": "Georgian Institute of Public Affairs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3132340504",
"lat": 41.70256,
"long": 44.798225,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Nika KHOPERIA",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060088900"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emperor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776501734"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Battle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778627824"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Byzantine architecture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104562893"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4293379597
|
In the Late Antiquity, the Caucasus region had become a battle ground for the Byzantines and the Sasanians. The conflict between the two great empires escalated in the 6th century, when both sides overcame internal conflicts and pursued active foreign policies. The Lazic War (541-562 CE), fought on the territory of modern western Georgia, then the Lazic Kingdom, was one of the most important conflicts of the Late Antiquity and an integral part of the unremitting wars of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian. The conflict witnessed both sides employing combatant populations residing within the borders of their empires. Among them were the Daylamites, a kin-group from the rugged mountains of northern Iran, just south of the Caspian Sea who had long served as mercenaries for various powers. This article discusses the combat culture, tactics, equipment, and role of the Daylamites in the Sasanian military campaigns in the Caucasus in the 6th century CE.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Historia i Świat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210207177",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2770164939
|
Security Force Assistance Brigades: A Permanent Force for Regional Engagement and Building Operational Depth
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David Griffith",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064877913"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780598303"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Rules of engagement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778938767"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2770164939
|
Abstract : Today's Army is fiscally constrained, and is being asked to do more with less to meet the demands of a complex global environment ranging from conventional threats such as Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran, as well as facing unconventional threats as posed by non-state actors like ISIS. To meet these demands, the Army is creating six regionally aligned Security Force Assistance Brigades (SFABs) to provide Combatant Commanders additional flexibility and forces to counter emerging threats. This monograph argues that these SFABs offer several benefits. These six brigades will allow the Army to increase its depth by having additional assets with which to conduct host-nation advising, in order to shape the environment and deter potential threats. Additionally, the creation of these brigades will allow the Army's fifty-six Brigade Combat Teams to focus on conventional operations, maintaining the military's flexibility to respond to full-scale conflict. Finally, these brigades will have the capacity to expand into BCTs in the case of major or multiple conflicts when the Army needs additional combat forces quickly. If the Army can mitigate the risk involved with creating and employing these brigades, it can better meet its vision to prevent, shape, and win our nation's wars in the near future.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2052963753
|
Injured Libyan combatant patients: both vectors and victims of multiresistance bacteria?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Libya",
"display_name": "University of Tripoli",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I23906160",
"lat": 32.84808,
"long": 13.223036,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Abdulaziz Zorgani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002464557"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hisham Ziglam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009396068"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Bacteria",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C523546767"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Microbiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89423630"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
}
] |
[
"Libya"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W174828143",
"https://openalex.org/W1979455399",
"https://openalex.org/W2052963753",
"https://openalex.org/W2152990127"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2052963753
|
The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria is a global health problem, affecting the management and outcomes of a wide spectrum of infections particularly in hospitals. Resistance contributes to mortality and compromises the healthcare security of nations. Moreover, resistant pathogens are spread between countries by human travel, including the medical transfer and evacuation of combat casualties. Over 30,000 young patients injured during the recent conflict in Libya were transferred directly or indirectly to hospitals in North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe for treatment. Many of those transferred to Europe were found to be colonized or infected with multiresistant organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) – and/or Enterobacteriaceae , Acinetobacter baumannii , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (Published: 12 February 2013) Citation: Libyan J Med 2013, 8 : 20325 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v8i0.20325
|
[
{
"display_name": "Libyan Journal of Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S198684006",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3089100584
|
The Kings and Princes in the Combat of Daniel 10
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Reuben E. Duniya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059520746"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Battle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778627824"
},
{
"display_name": "Reign",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777228553"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Persia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3089100584
|
This article is a literary historical approach to the book of Daniel viewed as Jewish 2nd century literature written toward the end of the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes. The focus of the article is to clarify the nature, identity and roles of the beings in the celestial battle mentioned in Daniel 10 and the connections between those beings and the sons of God in 4QDeutj’s reading of Deut 32,8. It is concluded that the kings of Persia mentioned in Dan 10,13 were tutelary deities; and that the combatant princes were servants in defense of the interests of the tutelary deities.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S146701075",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2068327842
|
Yucel Yan kda , Healing the Nation: Prisoners of War, Medicine and Nationalism in Turkey, 1914-1939
|
[
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"display_name": "Bilkent University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I168864056",
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"display_name": "Jeremy Salt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055831937"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2068327842
|
The First World War was a shattering experience for everyone caught up in it: armies, individuals, families and nations. Histories of the military campaigns have been followed by social histories of the war as the civilian population of the combatant countries in Europe experienced it. By comparison, very little has been written in European languages of the military campaigns from the perspective of the Ottoman high command or of ordinary soldiers. Nothing has been written from the viewpoint of the civilian population, with the exception of the suffering of the Christian peoples of the Ottoman Empire, principally the Armenians. Probably close to 2.5 million Muslims died from all causes, including massacre, exposure, malnutrition and disease. So much of this war as it was experienced on the Ottoman side remains a blank but in this book Yücel Yanıkdaǧ opens up at least one aspect of it. Some work has been done on diseases and epidemics as they affected the Ottoman army, notably by Hikmet Özdemir, but Yanıkdaǧ moves in quite a different direction by looking at diseases and neuroses as they developed among Ottoman soldiers in Egyptian and Siberian prisoner of war camps.1
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social History of Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210193276",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W349724008
|
Access to the President by Combatant Commanders: Does the Secretary of Defense Have Too Much Power.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kevin Winters",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043086103"
}
] |
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Secretary general",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018424470"
},
{
"display_name": "Power (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
}
] |
[
"Somalia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W349724008
|
Abstract : This paper examines one aspect of the Goldwater - Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986: communications from combatant commanders, through the Secretary of Defense, to the President. The 3 October 1993 firefight between US forces from Task Force Ranger and Somalia irregulars aligned with Mohammad Aided will serve as a case study for this project. Beforehand, the combatant commander requested armor (for force protection purposes) up the Goldwater-Nichols chain of command. The Secretary of Defense denied that request - but the President (the person ultimately responsible) never knew. Subsequent congressional testimony revealed that the requested armor might have made a difference. Accordingly, this paper examines the then existing chain of command processes (which had developed over the past 40 years); whether the President's constitutional function as Commander in Chief was well served by those processes; and ultimately suggests improvements to the same.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2167265801
|
A U.S. Army Forward Surgical Team’s Experience in Operation Iraqi Freedom
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800951401",
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{
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"display_name": "Shaun A. Price",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Reynolds Community College",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800951401",
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"display_name": "Michael A. Weber",
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{
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"display_name": "Reynolds Community College",
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{
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"display_name": "Scott J. McAtee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041539921"
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] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Battlefield",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779669469"
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{
"display_name": "Surgical team",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018700120"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W42170361",
"https://openalex.org/W135658362",
"https://openalex.org/W1557628562",
"https://openalex.org/W2148541604",
"https://openalex.org/W2159006261"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2167265801
|
Background: The Forward Army Surgical Team (FST) was designed to provide surgical capability far forward on the battlefield to stabilize and resuscitate those soldiers with life and limb threatening injuries. Operation Iraqi Freedom represents the largest military operation in which the FST concept of health care delivery has been employed. The purpose of our review is to describe the experience of the 555FST during the assault phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Methods: During the 23 days beginning 21 March 2003, data on all patients seen by the 555 FST were recorded. These data included combatant status, injuries according to anatomic location, and operative procedures performed. Results: During the twenty-three day period, the 555 FST evaluated 154 patients. There were 52 EPWs, 79 U.S. soldiers, and 23 Iraqi civilians treated. Injuries to the lower extremity and chest (48% and 25%) were the most common in the EPW group. Upper extremity and lower extremity injuries were the most common in the civilian (57% and 39%) and U.S. soldier groups (32% and 30%). The number of injured regions per patient were 1.14 for U.S. soldiers, 1.33 for EPWs, and 1.52 for Iraqi civilians (p < 0.003). EPWs had proportionately more thoracic and abdominal injuries than the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Majority of the life threatening injuries evaluated involved EPWs. A combination of body armor and armored vehicles used by U.S. soldiers limited the number of torso injuries presenting to the FST. Early resuscitation and stabilization of U.S. soldiers, EPWs, and civilians can be successfully accomplished at the front lines by FSTs. Further modification of the FST’s equipment will be needed to improve its ability in providing far forward surgical care.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Trauma-injury Infection and Critical Care",
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"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1995640942
|
Establishing a Human Research Protection Program in a Combatant Command
|
[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1995640942
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Extensive United States combat operations commenced for the first time in over decade in 2003. Early in 2004 there was no human research protection regulatory review and approval mechanism based in a deployed military combatant command. The absence of such a system presented a critical impediment to implementation of the time-honored tradition of a robust combat casualty care research effort. A coalition of concerned military medical personnel from the US Army proposed a novel mechanism to meet Department of Defense (DOD) requirements for the human research protection oversight of studies conducted in the combat theater of operations. In 2005, the Commander of Task Force 44 Medical Command (44th MEDCOM), who was serving as the Multi-National Corps Iraq (MNC-I) Surgeon, was charged with negotiating a DOD Assurance and implementing a new system of research review and protections. He deployed an Army Medical Department Medical Corps officer to assist in this endeavor and operationalize the plan. On March 19, 2005, the Multi-National Corps Iraq Commander signed a historic agreement with the US Army Surgeon General who developed a regulatory support and oversight mechanism to conduct research in theater. This innovative system not only honored the Army’s commitment to human research protections, but also provided much needed support in the form of scientific and ethical review and compliance oversight to those deployed medical personnel with the vision to conduct healthcare studies in the combat environment. On July 20, 2005, the first DOD Assurance of Compliance for the Protection of Human Research Subjects was approved for MNC-I. This assurance allows the conduct of human subjects research in full compliance with all Federal, DOD, and Army regulatory requirements. This article describes that unique process.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Trauma-injury Infection and Critical Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2312674",
"type": "journal"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W2793486602
|
Process of Care for Battle Casualties at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center: Part III. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service
|
[
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Walter Reed Army Institute of Research",
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"display_name": "Paul F. Pasquina",
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"country": "United States",
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{
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Walter Reed Army Institute of Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I92664306",
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"display_name": "Ann Kim",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Walter Reed Army Institute of Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I92664306",
"lat": 38.99067,
"long": -77.02609,
"type": "government"
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"display_name": "William C. Doukas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041125703"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C544453697"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"display_name": "Physical therapy",
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{
"display_name": "Business",
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
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] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2793486602
|
The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service provides a critical role in the assessment, management, and disposition of the newly injured combatant. This role has been well demonstrated during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Military physiatrists are uniquely suited to support military service members as they maximize their function and either return to duty or transition to civilian life.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S207859457",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W157066979
|
Harnessing the Interagency for Complex Operations
|
[
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "National Defense University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I111149068",
"lat": 38.86596,
"long": -77.014595,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Neyla Arnas",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Charles R. Barr",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029737654"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Robert B. Oakley",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084378562"
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[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780129039"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Civil engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147176958"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W157066979
|
Abstract : This paper attempts to catalogue and describe the known models for interagency cooperation for stabilization and reconstruction (SR combatant command-level operational cooperation; and field-level tactical cooperation. Some models address more than one category. Each section considers recent examples of interagency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan using existing models as well as the use of a Joint Interagency Coordination Group (JIACG) by various Combatant Commanders (COCOMs) before proceeding with a description of proposed new models for cooperation.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W164099234
|
Building the Capacity of Partner States Through Security Force Assistance
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Thomas K. Livingston",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048390702"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
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{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W164099234
|
This report provides the following elements: An overview of the SFA rationale focused primarily on Department of Defense support for and relations with foreign security forces. Description of the possible employment of U.S. conventional forces and platforms in support of the SFA mission. Exploration of current operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. Resident training capability in U.S. forces as a tool for geographic combatant commanders. Issues Congress may consider. The report summarizes congressional reaction to SFA proposals and provides a detailed account of the issues raised by SFA concepts and programs.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1496969544
|
Combat Advising in Iraq: Getting Your Advice Accepted
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Thomas A. Seagrist",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085946681"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "National security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C528167355"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1496969544
|
IN THE ONGOING wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, small teams of advisors (e.g., military transition teams, national police transition teams, police transition teams, border transition teams, and embedded training teams) advise, coach, teach, and mentor host nation security forces. They also provide situational awareness for host nation units, helping to shape the operational environment through their counterparts. As coalition combat forces begin to draw down in Iraq, advisory assistance brigades are replacing them. Our Nation's future conflicts will require adept professionals for this crucial advisory mission. Therefore, the U.S. military needs to examine the scope of the advisory mission and determine the methods of effective advising required for mission success. The nascent democracies in Iraq and Afghanistan need strong, professional militaries and self-policing and self-learning internal security forces. At the national policy level, these forces must support the host nation constitution and the duly elected members of the national, provincial, and local governments. Said another way, they need military leaders who will not instigate a coup at the first sign of trouble. At the unit level, these nations need soldiers who can defeat their enemies, while learning from setbacks and successes. This article strives to define the advisory mission, show a snapshot of advisor reality, set forth some tenets of combat advising, and identify measures of effectiveness to shape the training of future advisors and the expectations of coalition force commanders. Prerequisites: Having the Right Stuff From 2006 through 2009, these advisor teams trained at Funston at Fort Riley, Kansas, and deployed to the theaters of war as needed. Soldiers, from the rank of staff sergeant to colonel and from a wide variety of military occupational specialties, served as combat advisor, for approximately 15 months, including their training. However, the training at Funston, seemingly excellent at training advisor survival skills, misses the mark on teaching the fine art of actual combat advising. As one advisor put it, Camp Funston taught us to survive. The Mada'in (a rural district in Baghdad Province) taught us to advise.1 Training at Funston is a mix of Soldier common tasks, collective combat skills training, counterinsurgency (COIN) theory, language and culture training, and team building. The schoolhouse hones combat lifesaver, individual and crew-served weapon, communications equipment, and operator HMMWV maintenance skills. Counterinsurgency is taught as a combination of lectures and readings from counterinsurgency classics such as David Galula's Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice, John A. Nagl's Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife, and U.S. Army Field Manual 3-24, Counterinsurgency.2 Language and cultural training involve classroom instruction, presented through a variety of media and concentrating on the specific language and area where the team will be employed. Leader Meets training exercises are staged scenarios with role players from the targeted language and culture-simulating situations that U.S. military advisors may encounter on the battlefield. The course ensures that all deploying advisory team members have the requisite skills to survive in Iraq and Afghanistan. Oddly, though, teaching future advisors the art of how to advise takes up very little training time, lending credence to the idea of learning to advise while on the job. Many advisors literally learn the craft through trial and error while doing it. As the reader can imagine, this leads to a wide variety of results. Many advisors have returned from deployment completely frustrated by the experience and demoralized about the mission's overall chance of success. Yet, others return with a tremendous sense of accomplishment. What, we might ask, causes some advisors to return fulfilled, and others disenchanted? Partner Units In Iraq, advisor teams advise host nation security forces in order to help build a sustainable, professional military or policing capability that can provide security for the Iraqi people, defeat the insurgency, and secure the nascent democracy. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3122002067
|
The Pentagon and Global Development: Making Sense of the DoD's Expanding Role
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Stewart Patrick",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028456843"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kaysie Brown",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057619776"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Pentagon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779965921"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Administration (probate law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780765947"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C93377909"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3122002067
|
Abstract : One of the most striking trends in U.S. foreign aid policy is the surging role of the Department of Defense (DoD). The Pentagon now accounts for over 20 percent of U.S. official development assistance (ODA). DoD also has expanded its provision of non-ODA assistance, including training and equipping of foreign military forces in fragile states. These trends raise concerns that U.S. foreign and development policies may become subordinated to a narrow, short-term security agenda at the expense of broader, longer-term diplomatic goals and institution-building efforts in the developing world. The authors find that the overwhelming bulk of ODA provided directly by DoD goes to Iraq and Afghanistan, which are violent environments that require the military to take a lead role through instruments like Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) and the use of Commanders' Emergency Response Program (CERP) funds. This funding surge is in principle temporary and likely to disappear when the U.S. involvement in both wars ends. But beyond these two conflicts, DoD has expanded (or proposes to expand) its operations in the developing world to include a number of activities that might be more appropriately undertaken by the State Department, USAID, and other civilian actors. These initiatives include the use of Section 1206 authorities to train and equip foreign security forces; the establishment of the new Combatant Command for Africa (AFRICOM); and the administration's proposed Building Global Partnerships (BGP) Act, which would expand DoD's assistance authorities. The authors attribute the Pentagon's growing aid role to three factors: the Bush administration's strategic focus on the global war on terror; the vacuum left by civilian agencies, which struggle to deploy adequate numbers of personnel and to deliver assistance in insecure environments; and chronic under-investment by the United States in nonmilitary instruments of state-building.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1507998892
|
Unmanned Aerial Systems: Quality as Well as Quantity
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kyle Greenberg",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087897104"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Artillery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74478641"
},
{
"display_name": "Drone",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59519942"
},
{
"display_name": "Aviation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74448152"
},
{
"display_name": "Infantry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198766705"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1507998892
|
[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] IN APRIL 2008, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates addressed the Air War College at Maxwell Air Base and lauded the introduction of unmanned aerial systems into the Air Force arsenal as a less risky and more versatile intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance asset. He prodded the Air Force to provide more unmanned aerial systems in the Iraq and Afghanistan theaters of operation and asked Air Force officers to rethink which missions unmanned aviation assets could gradually assume from manned aviation assets. (1) At the time of the secretary's speech, I was a Shadow unmanned aerial systems platoon leader for a brigade combat team deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Although I took pride in the Nation's civilian military leader promoting the area for which my Soldiers deployed to combat, I wondered why the secretary felt we needed more unmanned aerial systems. I thought that rather than purchasing more systems, the Army and the Air Force should make more of an effort to improve the planning and execution of missions for unmanned aerial systems that already exist. Troubles with unmanned aerial systems employment have not gone unnoticed. Since 2005, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) has produced multiple reports recommending that the Department of Defense (DOD) improve various aspects of unmanned aerial systems operations. The GAO geared the majority of these reports toward improving joint interoperability of unmanned aerial systems, adjusting acquisition plans for future unmanned aerial systems, and ensuring safe expansion of unmanned aerial systems into national airspace. (2) However, one report, Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Advanced Coordination and Increased Visibility Needed to Optimize Capabilities, aimed to improve the planning and execution of combat operations. (3) This report recommended that the DOD develop qualitative and quantitative metrics to measure the effectiveness of unmanned aerial system coverage for troops on the ground. The same report also recommended that DOD develop a systematic process to capture feedback from intelligence and operations communities to assess how effectively intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance assets were meeting warfighters' requirements. The department has relied on organizations such as the Center for Army Lessons Learned to obtain feedback on unmanned aerial systems operations and stood up an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance assessment division to develop metrics for such operations. However, the metrics the assessment division developed are predominately quantitative and do not encompass missions flown by tactical unmanned aerial systems, which often collect imagery in support of division and corps level operations. (4) My personal observations at the division and brigade levels made me believe that measures the department implemented because of GAO recommendations were not effective in improving unmanned aerial systems employment from the warfighter's perspective. I did not observe any metrics measuring the effectiveness of unmanned aerial systems coverage from Shadow platoons nor did I see any consistent, immediate feedback between brigades and battalions requesting unmanned aerial systems coverage and the unmanned aerial systems operators who performed a particular mission. The reality was that most of my platoon's missions in Iraq were repetitive and not adequately synchronized with the current operations and intelligence situation. My platoon flew the same missions day after day, and so did many of the higher-echelon unmanned aerial systems supporting our brigade. My platoon received feedback only through direct, informal communication between the platoon's leaders and the ground commanders who requested unmanned aerial systems coverage. The lack of progress in using unmanned aerial systems at the division and brigade level has encouraged me to recommend ways to improve the planning and execution of such missions. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W84514742
|
The Effects of Individual Augmentation (IA) on Navy junior officer retention
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael A. Paisant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075782438"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Software deployment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105339364"
},
{
"display_name": "Officer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
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{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
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{
"display_name": "Odds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724"
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{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Active duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776822914"
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{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
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{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
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{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
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{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
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{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868"
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{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W84514742
|
Abstract : In 2000, the Navy started the Individual Augmentation (IA) deployment program. IA deployment provides a tool for military leaders to designate and assign specific individuals, not forces, to fill temporary duty jobs outlined by combatant commanders in support of National Command Authorities directed operations. IA is one of the Navy s means of contributing to the Global War on Terror (GWOT) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). This thesis uses standard statistical modeling techniques to quantify the effects of IA deployments on Navy junior officer retention. Using these models we found that the odds of retention for junior officers who went on IA deployments were statistically significantly higher than for those officers that did not. This is an important result because Navy leaders have said that IA deployments will continue in the future. Officers are the foundation of the Navy command and leadership structure; therefore, it is important to understand the effects these deployments have on their retention.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2115771173
|
THE YODER THREE-TIER MODEL FOR OPTIMAL PLANNING AND EXECUTION OF CONTINGENCY CONTRACTING
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cory Yoder",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012035747"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Contingency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97508593"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency plan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14331377"
},
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Provisioning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C172191483"
},
{
"display_name": "Officer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W335853050",
"https://openalex.org/W1565971558",
"https://openalex.org/W2324485327"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2115771173
|
Abstract : Contingency efforts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and several other countries in the last few years have been subjected to close scrutiny and critique. Contingency Contracting operations are increasingly the major source of support and provisioning in forward theaters, especially in light of reductions in organic support capabilities. Recently, theater combatant commanders have come to rely on contingency contracting officers to support coalition forces, and concurrently, to achieve a transformation of the economic landscape essential for achieving theater objectives. However, critics of recent operations cite deficiencies in DoD's ability to effectively and efficiently conduct a coordinated contracting support effort that integrates the combatant commander's theater objectives with the myriad stakeholders deemed essential for success. Can we, the military, achieve better results? The author contends that with proper understanding of integrated planning and execution, contingency contracting operations can, and will, provide significant leverage for achieving the combatant commander's objectives. The author formally presented, on August 7th, 2003, a three-tier model for contingency contracting operations to the faculty of the Naval Postgraduate School. This working paper proposes the Yoder three-tier contingency contracting officer model structure for Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force support of theater contingency contracting operations. The creation of this model and its employment will allow for better planning and coordination and tactical, operational, and theater objective support.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W101945531
|
Joint Operations: Organizational Flaws in Goldwater-Nichols
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Patrick F. Fogarty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018811318"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
},
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Organizational structure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182566"
},
{
"display_name": "Interoperability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20136886"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97508593"
},
{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147176958"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W101945531
|
Abstract : Goldwater-Nichols failed to consider the structural challenges to creating a hybrid organization. The act consolidated power for warfighting to the combatant commander. It improved the joint organization at the strategic level with improved regional campaign and contingency planning. It also improved the oversight and teamwork needed to acquire more interoperable weapon systems. However, it failed to effectively describe how joint organizations would form. The act did not ensure that the force was organized to ensure unity of effort and unity of command. At the highest levels, the combatant commander has unity of command. A more detailed examination of the remaining structure used to organize almost 200,000 American forces reveals an organizational divide. At the lower levels of the CENTCOM structure, little is organized for joint operations. This paper presents an exploration of joint organizational doctrine created from Goldwater-Nichols, a review of hybrid organizational theory, and an examination of the actual Air Force and Army organization in support of Operations ENDURING FREEDOM and IRAQI FREEDOM.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1598516694
|
A View from the FA49 Foxhole: Operational Research and Systems Analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David F. Melcher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079730514"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John G. Ferrari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025597463"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Officer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777189325"
},
{
"display_name": "Battle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778627824"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operational level of war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205960476"
},
{
"display_name": "Mindset",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778491294"
},
{
"display_name": "Active duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776822914"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Red Army's tactics in World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122133782"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1598516694
|
The tools and knowledge ORSAs bring to the analysis of joint effects and campaign plan metrics are invaluable. There is a definite need for combat analysts to a part of the UEx and UEy battle staffs, as well as the battle staffs of both the Joint Combatant and Task Force Commander.--MG Rick Olson (1) Operations Research Systems Analysis is not business management, it's warfighting capability analysis--a critical part of the Joint, Combined Arms Team!--General Benjamin S. Griffin (2) CHIEF OF STAFF of the Army (CSA) General Peter J. Schoomaker has set the Army on course to be a more relevant and ready force--a campaign-quality Army with a Joint and Expeditionary Mindset. (3) To accomplish this transformation, the Army is examining changes made over the past 20 years, including the officer functional areas the Officer Personnel Management System (OPMS) III put into place during the late 1990s. OPMS III's emphasis on specialization and multiple career paths promotes longer tours of duty and efforts to stabilize units and eliminate unnecessary personnel turbulence. From the perspective of the Functional Area 49 (FA49) foxhole, the Operations Research Systems Analyst (ORSA) career field is changing to align with the Army's core competencies of training and equipping soldiers, growing leaders, and providing combatant commanders a relevant and ready landpower capability as part of the joint team. Every organization must adapt or perish. ORSAs are no exception. Since World War II, the military operations research analyst has been critical to the military's operational and institutional success. During the past decade, however, changes to the ORSA career field and a migration of the specialty from the operational Army to the institutional Army have reduced ORSAs' opportunities to directly support the operational commander. Recognizing this shortcoming, FA49 is making changes internally and seeking changes on operational Army and joint staffs. Driving the changes are the insights gained through the multiple deployments of analysts to Bosnia and Kosovo in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) and experiments with the unit of action and unit of employment (UEx and UEy) organizational concepts. (4) Providing coverage for deployments has been a team effort across the Army analytical community and includes civilian analysts. The insights gained show that an embedded analytical cell with G3 and G5 plans is needed to provide rigorous analysis that is operationally relevant, reaching across the entire battle staff through the staff and planning groups. ORSA's Core Competency ORSA's core competency is much broader than simple numerical and quantitative analysis. While ORSAs are extremely competent in quantitative analysis, their true core competency is in problem solving. They look at a problem as a complex system with many quantitative and qualitative variables, break it down, analyze its primary parts, and propose solutions. The FA49 mission statement describes ORSA's core competency best--[to] produce analysis ..., to underpin decisions by leaders ..., and to enable solutions to varied and complex strategic, operational, tactical, and managerial issues. (5) ORSAs are specialists trained in problem solving as a core competency, but the combat ORSA must much more. Combat ORSAs must always remember they are soldiers first. The operational Army is not a union shop where roles and functions are contractually delineated. Deployment of FA49 analysts teaches that ORSAs must remain operationally competent across the spectrum of skills resident in joint and combined battle staffs. For example, ORSAs deployed with Combined Joint Task Force 7 (CJTF-7) to Iraq and the combined joint task forces in Afghanistan helped joint force commanders-- [] Analyze the number and emplacement of medical evacuation helicopter fleets to determine future force-flow requirements. …
|
[
{
"display_name": "Military review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764787750",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W218921966
|
Theater Civil Affairs Soldiers: A Force at Risk
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "William R. Florig",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066913386"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Active duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776822914"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil affairs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778240384"
},
{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
},
{
"display_name": "Duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779103253"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil defense",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C529740132"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W218921966
|
Abstract : The future of the joint civil affairs (CA) force looks bleak. If drastic measures are not taken, this unique capability will soon be a shadow of its former self. To make it relevant for the nation building operations of the future, the Active force needs to be greatly expanded while the Reserve Component must be right-sized and realigned to reflect recruiting and membership realities that are part of Reserve life. Establishing a habitual relationship with a combatant command is the way ahead for this expanded CA force, without all the bureaucratic layers of headquarters that get in the way. The best proposal to fix the civil affairs force is an Active Component expansion to five larger battalions assigned to the combatant commands, and the creation of a smaller, more capable Reserve CA force aligned with these battalions. Without steps to alleviate the stress on the Reserve Component civil affairs force, it will cease to be relevant or effective. Since September 11, 2001, Army and Marine Corps civil affairs forces have undergone tremendous stress because of operational deployments to Afghanistan and Iraq. The Army Reserve provides a large percentage of CA Soldiers today, with the Marine Corps adding a small force from the Marine Reserve. Because of Presidential call-up to execute the war on terror, mobilizing future civil affairs forces for regional contingencies and supporting combatant commanders' theater strategies are jeopardized. To overcome operating tempo and mobilization constraints, Active duty CA battalions should be created and allocated to support geographic combatant commanders. These battalions must be larger than current proposals call for and assigned directly to the combatant commanders. The Reserve CA force must also be redesigned and downsized to reflect recruiting and retention realities.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W161382553
|
Assessment of Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) Training Activity
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bradley Martin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075414285"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Thomas Manacapilli",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018827866"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James C. Crowley",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074471762"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Joseph Adams",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041027620"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael G. Shanley",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089866084"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Paul S. Steinberg",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046118324"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David Stebbins",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055268079"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
},
{
"display_name": "Charter",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777596936"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Command and control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C506615639"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Task (project management)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780451532"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Relevance (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158154518"
},
{
"display_name": "Preparedness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777042776"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
},
{
"display_name": "Systems engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201995342"
},
{
"display_name": "Architectural engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C170154142"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W161382553
|
Abstract : In reaction to the growing threat posed by improvised explosive devices (IEDs) deployed by the Iraqi insurgency in 2003, GEN John Abizaid, Commander of U.S. Central Command at the time, asked the Department of Defense (DoD) to initiate a Manhattan like-Project to glean the expertise of all Services involved directly with countering IEDs. Ultimately, this led to the founding of the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO), on February 14, 2006. As specified in its foundational document,1 JIEDDO s mission is to focus (i.e., lead, advocate, and coordinate) all DoD actions in support of the Combatant Commanders (CCDRs ) and their respective Joint Task Forces efforts to defeat IEDs as weapons of strategic influence. To execute this mission, JIEDDO was given broad authority to identify threats, generate and validate requirements, develop solutions, and apply resources along three lines of operation (LOOs): Attack the Network (AtN), Defeat the Device (DtD), and Train the Force (TtF). While TtF directly involves training, all the LOOs involve training to some degree. The goal is speed and relevance. Speed allows rapid adaptation to a threat that is also evolving quickly. It allows solutions to be fielded when needed, not when slower development processes finally generate them. Although some longer process might be needed for enduring capability, JIEDDO s charter is to provide solutions that Services can then decide whether to sustain or substitute with their own solutions once developed. Inherent in this charter is the natural tension between speed and oversight. Oversight is necessary to avoid waste or misdirection but it also adds steps and time to the process, which could result in ceding the speed advantage to the enemy. This study examined training programs to see if there was evidence of duplication with Service initiatives and training functions to assess whether they are duplicative with Service or other agency functions.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W322286494
|
Post Conflict Operations and the Combatant Commander -- Lessons Learned from Operation Iraqi Freedom
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "G. Lawrence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030272743"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Victory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220109"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Power (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W322286494
|
Abstract : On May 1, 2003, before a live television audience onboard the USS Abraham Lincoln, President George W. Bush declared victory for the United States and the end of major combat operations in Iraq. Preceding the president's speech was perhaps the most stunning display of technological superiority and joint conventional fire power in military history. In just 26 days, the United States and coalition forces had invaded Iraq, defeated Iraqi conventional forces, ousted President Saddam Hussein from power, and terminated the Ba'ath party's 35-year hold on Iraq. Even the harshest critics of the war were claiming that there had never been a combat operation as successful as Operation Iraqi Freedom. Omitted from the President's jubilant speech, however, was that the United States' campaign in Iraq was far from over. The defeat of Iraqi conventional forces and subsequent regime change were trigger points for the coalition's transition to the final phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom -- post-conflict operations. Post-conflict or post-hostility operations are activities taken to stabilize, secure, and reconstruct an area of operations (AO) to transition the AO back to peace and civilian government control. Almost 3 years after President Bush's declaration of the end of major combat operations, the United States is still heavily engaged in stability, security, transition, and reconstruction operations in Iraq. This thesis states that U.S. Combatant Commanders struggled to transition to and execute post-conflict operations in Iraq for three main reasons. To support his thesis, the author examines shortfalls in the formulation of the plan for post-conflict operations; analyzes the lack of interagency coordination and communication and how it affected the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance (ORHA) and its subsequent successor, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA); and examines how lack of operational intelligence and cultural awareness contributed to the problem.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W243994287
|
Rules of Engagement: Three Perspectives of Violations in Iraq
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Wade C Reaves",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044096747"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Battlefield",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779669469"
},
{
"display_name": "Rules of engagement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778938767"
},
{
"display_name": "Insurgency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C510578393"
},
{
"display_name": "Action (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Perspective (graphical)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177"
},
{
"display_name": "Military policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777086211"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Business administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178550888"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Business management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986160967"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W243994287
|
Abstract : From March 2003 to December 2011 The United States was engaged in combat operations in Iraq. Initially, military action was used to topple the regime of Saddam Hussein but quickly evolved into nation building and fighting an unanticipated insurgency. Military service members were given Rules of Engagement (ROE) to guide interaction with the people of Iraq, both combatant and non-combatant. Despite updating, training, and implementation of ROE, multiple violations occurred which had negative and lasting impacts on counterinsurgency operations. This study will examine three ROE violations in Iraq from the perspective of the insurgent, counter-insurgent, and US media. By viewing an ROE violation from these points of view, the commander will have a better assessment of the battlefield. The study will forecast how these violations may shape US policy in future military operations.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1515254170
|
Occupation Iraqi Freedom: The Importance of Planning
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Christine J. Caston",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057398854"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Administration (probate law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780765947"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Plan (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776505523"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "National security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C528167355"
},
{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
},
{
"display_name": "Freedom of movement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778605688"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Architectural engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C170154142"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1515254170
|
Abstract : Security Council Resolution 1483 bound the United States by international law to promote the welfare of the Iraqi people through the effective administration of the territory, including in particular working towards the restoration of conditions of security and stability and the creation of conditions in which the Iraqi people [could] freely determine their own political future. Despite the lack of an effective occupation plan to integrate the national instruments of power required to accomplish the objective, these new responsibilities would have to be addressed by the Combatant and Joint Force Commanders. The lack of an occupation plan had a major impact on how the Combatant Commander carried out Phases IV and V of Operation Iraqi Freedom and provides relevant lessons for future operations.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2039679862
|
Plight of Iraqi civilians worsens, according to UN
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Clare Kapp",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056240475"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic shortage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C194051981"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Civilian population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2993144071"
},
{
"display_name": "Criminology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73484699"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2039679862
|
Fears are growing about the plight of the Iraqi population as it faces increasing water, food, and medicine shortages and the terror of an unpredictable war that blurs the distinction between civilian and combatant.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2903253071
|
D.C. Circuit Upholds Injunction Barring the Involuntary Transfer to an Unidentified Third Country of a U.S. Citizen Alleged to be an Enemy Combatant
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Adversary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41065033"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Deference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780597233"
},
{
"display_name": "Notice",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779913896"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2903253071
|
On May 7, 2018, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit blocked the transfer to an unidentified third country of a dual U.S.-Saudi national detained in Iraq as an alleged enemy combatant. The decision, Doe v. Mattis , also upheld a district court order requiring the government to provide seventy-two hours’ notice before transferring him to another country. In an opinion authored by Judge Srinivasan and joined by Judge Wilkins, the court emphasized that while it was “respectful of—and with appreciation for—the considerable deference owed to the Executive's judgments in the prosecution of a war,” “things are different” for alleged enemy combatants who are U.S. citizens. Further proceedings in the district court could potentially address whether the U.S. military campaign against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) is lawful under U.S. domestic law.
|
[
{
"display_name": "American Journal of International Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S160097506",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2992939282
|
Comparing PTSD among returning war veterans: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among returning Afghanistan and Iraq wars veterans. Symptoms and suffering similar to ordeals of Persian Gulf and Vietnam war veterans. Command and General staff college
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "W.L. Kinney",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028199930"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Afghan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780587734"
},
{
"display_name": "Hypervigilance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779354879"
},
{
"display_name": "Vietnam War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54589662"
},
{
"display_name": "Persian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776527531"
},
{
"display_name": "Traumatic stress",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778159538"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Combat stress reaction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82875528"
},
{
"display_name": "Posttraumatic stress",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2991847609"
},
{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
},
{
"display_name": "Iraq war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992289466"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Anxiety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C558461103"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2992939282
|
Military personnel experiencing combat in Iraq and Afghanistan are suffering wounds that are much greater in number and variety than those endured by veterans of earlier wars. This circumstance is due, in part, to advances in medical science and technology. Soldiers, sailors and marines who suffered such severe wounds in earlier wars simply died because they were beyond the reach of then contemporary medicine or technology. In addition, in earlier wars, Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome was not even given a name, let alone recognized as a valid form of war-related casualty. Now, PTSD is thoroughly documented and a whole array of treatments are available to veterans of the Iraqi and Afghan Wars. Friedman (2006) summarized PTSD symptoms as being typified by numbing, evasion, hypervigilance, and re-experiencing of disturbing incidents via flashbacks. Veterans and other non-combatant participants in war who have outlived traumatic experiences typically suffer from PTSD.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Military and Veterans' Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737242454",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4319066209
|
Excessive Force or Armored Restraint? Government Mechanization and Civilian Casualties in Civil Conflict
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "United States Military Academy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I192545095",
"lat": 41.3927,
"long": -73.9584,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ryan Van Wie",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073064162"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "University of Michigan–Ann Arbor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I27837315",
"lat": 42.27756,
"long": -83.74088,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Jacob Walden",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035089931"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Space (punctuation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778572836"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W177879470",
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"https://openalex.org/W4246103891"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4319066209
|
Does increasing counterinsurgent mechanization result in higher levels of unintentional civilian casualties? Existing research on unintentional civilian victimization in recent conflicts has focused on air strikes, but this question remains unexplored in research examining counterinsurgent force structure for ground units. However, a host of counterinsurgency practitioners in Iraq have cited the mechanized forces’ effectiveness in delivering precision fires that limit civilian casualties. We propose an armored restraint theory, suggesting that mechanized crews’ armored protection enhances soldiers’ decision space when making the consequential choice to employ lethal force. When this enhanced decision space is combined with units that systematically respect jus in bello principles and non-combatant immunity norms, it results in armored restraint, which may reduce government-caused civilian casualties in civil conflicts. We test this theory using micro-data from Iraq and find mechanized units are associated with significantly lower civilian casualty levels compared to dismounted units.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Conflict Resolution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S20177303",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W112440014
|
Combatant Commander's Challenges for Termination: CENTCOM and Operational Design for Post IRAQ Stability
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Preston W. Jones",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077329772"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Stability (learning theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112972136"
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{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W112440014
|
Abstract : The United States is on the verge of war with a critical world as the peanut gallery. Right or wrong, in the world's eyes, success will not be measured by the disarmament of an unpredictable menace, but by the stability in and around Iraq following any conflict. In many ways, history has not smiled upon the termination of most conflicts. However, in this instance, it is only the United States who will be criticized as unable to learn from past mistakes. Sadly, factors contributing to successive conflicts often develop from poor resolution of problematic issues following the last conflict. Too often, operational commanders are simply trying to end bloodshed without considering necessary conditions that must follow. These requisite conditions are not given necessary attention with potentially precarious results. In order to best understand the combatant commander's challenges to this end, this paper will analyze historical examples as well as current obstacles faced by General Franks for a stable post-war Iraq. We will then recommend planning considerations, which General Franks and his staff should address. These include methods to integrate elements of national power specifically for the pre-hostilities, hostilities and post-hostilities phases of conflict.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4366089399
|
Disorganized Political Violence: A Demonstration Case of Temperature and Insurgency
|
[
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{
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"display_name": "University of California, Merced",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I156087764",
"lat": 37.30216,
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"display_name": "Andrew Shaver",
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"country": "Switzerland",
"display_name": "ETH Zurich",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I35440088",
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"long": 8.55,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Alexander K. Bollfrass",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069032168"
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C510578393"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779448149"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4366089399
|
Abstract Any act of battlefield violence results from a combination of organizational strategy and a combatant's personal motives. To measure the relative contribution of each, our research design leverages the predictable effect of ambient temperature on human aggression. Using fine-grained data collected by US forces during the Afghanistan and Iraq conflicts, we test whether temperature and violence are linked for attacks that can be initiated by individual combatants, but not for those requiring organizational coordination. To distinguish alternative explanations involving temperature effects on target movements, we examine situations where targets are stationary. We find that when individual combatants have discretion over the initiation of violence, ambient temperature does shape battlefield outcomes. There is no such effect when organizational coordination is necessary. We also find that ambient temperature affects combat-age males’ endorsement of insurgent violence in a survey taken during the conflict in Iraq. Our findings caution against attributing strategic causes to violence and encourage research into how strategic and individual-level motivations interact in conflict.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S160686149",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402302",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3188496243
|
Transnational American Cities
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John Carlos Rowe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058266676"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Scholarship",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778061430"
},
{
"display_name": "Miami",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2606647"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geopolitics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201960208"
},
{
"display_name": "Memoir",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177897776"
},
{
"display_name": "Nationalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521449643"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Soil science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159390177"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3188496243
|
Traditional scholarship on cities has ignored the impact of warfare, except insofar as cities have been totally destroyed, such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki in World War II, or as they have been rebuilt, as Berlin was after World War II. These cities are usually treated in primarily nationalist terms, emphasizing their roles in the respective combatant nations. This chapter treats several global cities in transnational terms, noting how the effects of the specific military conflicts have secondary consequences that transgress geopolitical borders and permit us to recognize shared suffering by combatants from different nations by focusing on Camilo Mejía’s memoir of the Iraq War, The Road from ar Ramadi (2007), and Jason Hall’s film about Iraq War veterans, Thank You for Your Service (2017). Managua, San José (Costa Rica), Miami, Boston, al Ramadi, and Topeka have little in common as modern cities, but the US-led neoimperial wars in Central America and the Middle East bring all of these cities and their inhabitants together in terrifyingly similar ways. New scholarly studies of modern cities need to interpret just these transnational intersections.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Cambridge University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462995",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1558376058
|
The Fiscal Blank Check Policy and Its Impact on Operation Iraqi Freedom
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David Elston. Miller",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038395386"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Scrutiny",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776050585"
},
{
"display_name": "Accountability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776007630"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "Disarmament",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780105426"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Legislature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83009810"
},
{
"display_name": "Blank",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778089247"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Debt",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120527767"
},
{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1558376058
|
Abstract : Congress passed declaration of war language for World Wars I and II that provides the military with practically unlimited resources and relaxed accountability during times of war. This blank check policy, while not an official policy, continued through twentieth-century wars. Toward the latter half of the twentieth century, the war powers struggle between the Legislative and Executive Branches resulted in instances of Congress under-funding war efforts and increased scrutiny of intheater spending. In spite of the under-funding, the Defense Department continued to extend the blank check policy of spending to the combatant commander. The shortfall of funding was filled by reprogramming of annual appropriations for Vietnam, contingencies of the 1990s and the current war in Iraq. This thesis builds on the studies of Walter Rundell, Leonard Taylor and William Rogerson who pioneered the critique of financial management in combat. Building on these works, the resource management environment of Multi-National Force-Iraq is critically analyzed. The negative consequences of excessive spending are discussed. These consequences are linked to the strategic mission and the support of the American people, which ultimately determines the funding levels of the Defense Department. Benefits gained in the blank check policy are compared to the negative consequences.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2759326120
|
THE GODFATHER DOCTRINE SECURITY FORCE ASSISTANCE (SFA) TRAINING - AN OFFER THE MARINE CORPS CAN'T REFUSE
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Douglas G Luccio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060869353"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "General partnership",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Software deployment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105339364"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2759326120
|
Abstract : Thesis: In a period of resource austerity and complex strategic environment, the USMC's training, preparation and deployment of Security Force Assistance (SFA) is a small investment that gives the United States vital placement, access, and cultural context to developing countries. USMC SFA success has history from the Philippines through Banana Wars, WWII, Vietnam, and most recently Iraq and Afghanistan. The current de-emphasis of SFA training and deployments is an economy of force decision as budgets and manpower are becoming more restrictive. Consequently, the USMC has created a void of experienced advisors and trainers. Investing in a permanent SFA role prevents future wars as much as it helps win current ones. SFA advising has a 120-year history of enhancing counterinsurgency (COIN) and conventional operations. It is a capability and a perspective. To articulate the perspective, I will introduce explain and apply the Godfather Doctrine to lessons the Marine Corps seems to forget after each major conflict. The direct approach of conventional forces often overlooks SFAs indirect capability. Advising facilitates the transition of local governance, which expedites the completion of a conflict and plants seeds of partnership for the future. A successful advisor program promotes stability and interoperability with the security forces they train. The investment is small, and the results are tangible. How different would Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq have turned out if more attention was spent on the indigenous history, language, and culture? Military advisors would argue US interests aligned with the populations sentiment equals progress for both.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W209042246
|
Warfighter Support: DOD Needs Additional Steps to Fully Integrate Operational Contract Support into Contingency Planning
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cary Russell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040377240"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alissa Czyz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074985655"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Marilyn Wasleski",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031957123"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hia Quach",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018248582"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael Shaughnessy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058537869"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yong Won Song",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066546467"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Natasha Wilder",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067501824"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Memorandum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779017129"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Operational planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776613951"
},
{
"display_name": "Workforce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778139618"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Workforce management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780571617"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency plan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14331377"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110354214"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W209042246
|
Abstract : DOD has relied extensively on contractors for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past decade. At the height of Operation Iraqi Freedom, the number of contractors exceeded the number of military personnel, and a similar situation is occurring in Afghanistan. In January 2011, the Secretary of Defense issued a memorandum noting the risk of DOD s level of dependency on contractors and outlined actions to institutionalize changes necessary to influence how the department plans for contracted support in contingency operations. The memorandum also called for leveraging the civilian expeditionary workforce to reduce DOD s reliance on contractors, but this workforce is not yet fully developed. GAO was asked to examine DOD s progress in planning for operational contract support. Our review determined how DOD is integrating operational contract support into its planning through efforts of the (1) OSD, Joint Staff, and military services, and (2) combatant commands and their components. To conduct its work, GAO evaluated DOD operational contract support guidance and documents and met with officials at various DOD offices. GAO recommends that the Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force provide guidance on planning for operational contract support; that the Joint Staff provide training for all planners; that the planners broaden their focus to include areas beyond logistics; and that expertise is offered to service components to further integrate operational contract support into plans. DOD generally agreed with the recommendations.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W147579894
|
The Use of Foreign-Flagged or Foreign-Owned Shipping in U.S. Military Sealift: Risks for the Combatant Commander
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Douglas R Kramer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007501727"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic shortage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C194051981"
},
{
"display_name": "Vulnerability (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95713431"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W246754417",
"https://openalex.org/W580389948",
"https://openalex.org/W617736550",
"https://openalex.org/W1590435066",
"https://openalex.org/W1804503425",
"https://openalex.org/W1875058052",
"https://openalex.org/W2085295059",
"https://openalex.org/W2153455266"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W147579894
|
Abstract : Sealift will inevitably be a major component of transporting U.S. military forces to overseas deployments. Of particular concern for the future is the decline in the number of active U.S. mariners, and that many U.S. shipping lines are now foreign-owned as well. For a number of reasons, the U.S. has used foreign-flagged shipping in the largest deployments, including Desert Shield/Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Foreign-flagged shipping poses risks in terms of its potential availability, reliability, and vulnerability. Foreign-owned shipping also poses difficulties because risks to the ships might discourage owners from making them available for sealift. Some risks from using foreign-flagged shipping were observed during both major operations against Iraq, but they proved to be moderate, and some of the mitigation strategies employed by the United States had success. Nonetheless, operational situations where foreign-flagged shipping could pose a greater risk than in the past include operations that would require greater numbers of tankers, of which the United States has a shortage, and operations against opponents with significant undersea warfare capabilities. Because the use of foreign-flag shipping has become a fact of life in sealift, U.S. commanders will need to calculate this risk into their planning.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2612905987
|
Proper Employment of Special Operations Forces: Geographic Combatant Command Planner Considerations for Special Operations Forces Employment
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Philip J. Cooper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046164783"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Planner",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776999362"
},
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
},
{
"display_name": "Special forces",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776126810"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1548359871",
"https://openalex.org/W2894775084"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2612905987
|
Abstract : The lessons learned from Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) shape United States Special Operation Commands (USSOCOMs) doctrine today. To employ special operations forces (SOF) properly, geographic combatant command planners must understand the SOF employment lessons learned about command relationships, planner interaction between staffs, assigning proper missions, and joint special operation area (JSOA) considerations from OEF and OIF, which currently are codified in SOF doctrine.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2622579313
|
Developing a Useucom Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Strategy for Fiscal Years 2010 Thru 2015
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kevin M Coyne",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039205532"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "National security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C528167355"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97508593"
},
{
"display_name": "Military strategy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118813454"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency plan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14331377"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2622579313
|
Abstract : Our number one priority is the current fight, which means the fight in Central Command,1 remarked United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) commander General Roger Brady, highlighting a major challenge facing most of todays theater component and combatant commanders. As the United States (US) continues to fight overseas contingency operations (OCO) in Afghanistan and Iraq, the nations warfighting resources remain dedicated to prevailing in todays wars.2After a brief discussion of the impact of ISR operations in USEUCOM during the 1990s, a review of national and Air Force-specific strategies and their impact on USEUCOMs strategy of active security will be provided.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2397756070
|
Measuring effectiveness of deployed medical detachments.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sonya S Schleich",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070318597"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mark C Carder",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032800529"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical evacuation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994395636"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Military medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C544453697"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2397756070
|
The Army Medical Department's (AMEDD) efforts to provide on-target combat health and combat health service support to the Warfighter continue to evolve. Within the framework of modularizing the force, The AMEDD integrated the medical battalion (area support), medical battalion (evacuation), and medical logistics battalion into a single multifunctional medical battalion (MMB), approved by Headquarters, Department of the Army, to support the force commander on the ground. In 2005, the 61st MMB (Provisional), the first of its type, deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) 05-07 to provide levels I and II area medical support, ground evacuation, dental, optometry, combat and operational stress control, veterinary services, and preventive medicine. While deployed during OIF 05-07, the 61st MMB commander employed 5 preventive medicine medical detachments across the entire Iraqi Theater of Operations: the 898th Medical Detachment, 485th Medical Detachment, 255th Medical Detachment, 223rd Medical Detachment, and 903rd Medical Detachment. The number of medical detachments assigned to an MMB is situational and based upon the operational requirements of the combatant commander on the ground. The 61st MMB commander faced a unique challenge in evaluating mission success for the individual medical detachments, as each possessed slightly different capabilities as well as number and diversity of inspections covered within their respective area of responsibility. This article describes an extensive matrix, developed by the medical detachment commanders, to measure mission success and provide a useful tool for the MMB commander.
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1910249444
|
Calming the churn: resolving the dilemma of rotational warfare in counterinsurgency
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Andrew P Aswell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070912457"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Dilemma",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778496695"
},
{
"display_name": "Current (fluid)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148043351"
},
{
"display_name": "Term (time)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61797465"
},
{
"display_name": "Strengths and weaknesses",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C63882131"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W106900797",
"https://openalex.org/W142363772",
"https://openalex.org/W194014053",
"https://openalex.org/W225092808",
"https://openalex.org/W235993803",
"https://openalex.org/W246381993",
"https://openalex.org/W246546158",
"https://openalex.org/W347824180",
"https://openalex.org/W360287739",
"https://openalex.org/W577305659",
"https://openalex.org/W579935210",
"https://openalex.org/W597009242",
"https://openalex.org/W1533738830",
"https://openalex.org/W1535155016",
"https://openalex.org/W1537510324",
"https://openalex.org/W1545643984",
"https://openalex.org/W2012877457",
"https://openalex.org/W2014402539",
"https://openalex.org/W2023805626",
"https://openalex.org/W2029398798",
"https://openalex.org/W2030603140",
"https://openalex.org/W2061455640",
"https://openalex.org/W2096737750",
"https://openalex.org/W2207533195",
"https://openalex.org/W2320197544",
"https://openalex.org/W2333144545",
"https://openalex.org/W2889331873",
"https://openalex.org/W2969927294"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1910249444
|
Abstract : The U.S. military currently utilizes a unit-rotational model to provide forces to geographic combatant commanders waging ground wars. This model has its roots in policy and historical perception, not strategy and tactics. When applied to counterinsurgency, weaknesses that undermine long-term effectiveness become apparent. Through an examination of the basis of the current model, its performance in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and current and historical case studies, this thesis explores alternatives to the rotational model. This thesis finds that a hybrid model that combines the advantages of the current system with historical and current examples from other nations could increase the effectiveness of units in long-term counterinsurgency campaigns.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3125922494
|
Veterans, Trauma, Afterwar
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Philip D. Beidler",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040425312"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Desert (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776130869"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Spanish Civil War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81631423"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
},
{
"display_name": "Vietnam War",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54589662"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3125922494
|
Beginning with the ritual treatment of the returning warrior in ancient and classical cultures, this essay moves to the early modern era, where increasingly, the combatant’s immersion into mass killing and wounding becomes for most individuals an aberration, an out of life experience. It then considers modern, industrialized, mass-destruction warfare, turning to the notable literary and popular culture depictions of the American soldier of the American Civil War, World War I, and World War II. It concludes with the literary and popular culture representations of the Vietnam War, and the Desert Wars of Afghanistan and Iraq, when the condition broadly diagnosed as “PTSD” – "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder” – comes to be associated with the late-twentieth and early twenty-first-century returning combatant as the signature malady of our times.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Cambridge University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462995",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W105017598
|
Implications of the Policy of Preemption on Combatant Commanders
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lesley S. Priest",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089815857"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Preemption",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206952183"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W105017598
|
Abstract : Given the greater emphasis in the National Security Strategy (NSS) on the possible use of preemption, combatant commanders must reexamine their current capabilities and adapt them to ensure they are capable of executing preemptive operations. It is vital for combatant commanders to understand the nature of preemptive operations in order to be ready for preemptive operations. Although the new National Military Strategy (NMS) has not yet been published, and thus formal guidance to the military based on the new NSS has not been officially promulgated, American military forces are already engaged in a preemptive war in Iraq, such as President Bush outlined in his strategy. But, in order to continue to successfully engage American military forces in preemptive actions, combatant commanders must adapt and plan for such contingencies; for, in the past, they have planned for and been postured
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W132717476
|
SPMAGTF-SC of the Future: Creating a Permanent Regionally based Special Purpose MAGTF-Security Cooperation Headquarters
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Darren G Allison",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036317772"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Plan (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776505523"
},
{
"display_name": "Element (criminal law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C200288055"
},
{
"display_name": "Maritime security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778204415"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W132717476
|
Abstract : In 2012, the Marine Corps Plans, Policy, & Operations Branch published the Marine Corps Approach to 21st Century Theater Security Cooperation. Highlighted in this document is the Commandant of the Marine Corps' charge to develop innovative ways for the Marine Corps to conduct Theater Security Cooperation. The Marine Corps can meet this challenge and improve Theater Security Cooperation activities with the establishment of a headquarters Command element for SPMAGTF-SCs. This additional organizational structure change will allow the Marine Corps to conduct more effective Theater Security Cooperation engagements during the post Iraq and Afghanistan Wars period. This subject is relevant because security cooperation enables access and promotes U.S. interest abroad. By establishing nonrotational, standing Security Cooperation MAGTF headquarters, to plan and administer security cooperation activities, the Marine Corps will improve its ability to support the Geographic Combatant Commanders.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W44227775
|
Preparing for the Future: The Regional Alignment of U.S. Army Brigade Combat Teams
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael Flynn",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084299179"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Fire brigade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994058677"
},
{
"display_name": "Infantry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198766705"
},
{
"display_name": "Training (meteorology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777211547"
},
{
"display_name": "Relevance (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158154518"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Action (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W44227775
|
Abstract : The U.S. Army is regionally aligning its Brigade Combat Teams (BCTs) after a decade of continuous operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. This study examines the impact of regionally aligning BCTs with Geographic Combatant Commands. This study began by first surveying literature published by the Department of Defense, the Army, and national security scholars published in the last ten years. Second, the author conducted a survey of designated Brigade Commanders and Command Sergeants Major attending the Fort Leavenworth Pre-Command Course to receive expert feedback on the impact regional alignment will have on the training and readiness of BCTs. Finally, this study examined the after action reports three BCTs that deployed to OIF to evaluate the impact of regional training on their mission readiness. The information collected confirmed that the Army should regionally align its BCTs because the concept will make BCTs more effective at the tactical level as well as increase the Army's relevance in the future security environment.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W115328722
|
Operational Vision, Conflict Termination and the Combatant Commander
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Dimitri Henry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069017071"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W115328722
|
Abstract : Operation IRAQI FREEDOM provides a vivid example of poor planning at the Operational Level of War. Research and analysis revealed three key elements that are essential for successful operational design: operational vision, conflict termination and end-state. A combatant commander's ability to visualize how the campaign should end and how to synchronize and sequence his forces in order to achieve the desired strategic end-state is critical in the joint operational planning process. The paper examines several underlying issues that contributed to the overall failure to address the post-conflict transition. Specifically it examines the role of the combatant commander's operational vision and its affect on conflict termination planning. Additionally, the paper draws conclusions concerning the consequences of not having early, integrated planning for conflict termination and the desired end-state. Finally, it offers recommendations for further research and analysis into two additional elements that when neglected or not recognized may also contribute to poor operational planning.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W52596415
|
Is There a DDOC in the House?: An Analysis of the Deployment Distribution Operations Center
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jonathan G. Downing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076183899"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Software deployment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105339364"
},
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97508593"
},
{
"display_name": "Gulf war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994199513"
},
{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
},
{
"display_name": "Operational level of war",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205960476"
},
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868"
},
{
"display_name": "Red Army's tactics in World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122133782"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W52596415
|
Abstract : General Omar Bradley argued that Amateurs study strategy and professionals study logistics. Recent US Military Operations in DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM, and IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF) have shown that from 1991 - 2003, the US military focused primarily on strategy and the deployment of combat forces yet struggled with logistics distribution at the operational level of war. In an effort to fix this recurring critical operational issue, USTRANSCOM and USCENTCOM created the Deployment Distribution Operations Center (DDOC). This paper documents the genesis of the DDOC, discusses the impacts of the DDOC on USCENTCOM and OIF, and analyzes the current status of DDOC formalization in Joint Doctrine and other Geographic Combatant Commands. Finally, this paper provides recommendations for USTRANSCOM and the other Geographic Combatant Commanders to ensure that a fully-trained DDOC can be rapidly stood up anywhere in the world to meet any type of contingency and to ensure the US military can demonstrate its operational distribution professionalism in future conflicts.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W843224006
|
Evolution of the Air Component Commander Post Goldwater-Nichols
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Robert L. Brown",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061305604"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Component (thermodynamics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168167062"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "World War II",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137355542"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Institution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780510313"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Thermodynamics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97355855"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W313822905",
"https://openalex.org/W585408950",
"https://openalex.org/W597881065",
"https://openalex.org/W2014541840",
"https://openalex.org/W2076772425",
"https://openalex.org/W2082783925"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W843224006
|
Abstract : This research examines the role of the Joint and/or Combined Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC and/or CFACC) since the adoption of Goldwater-Nichols legislation in 1986. This work begins with a historical survey of the command of airpower and organizational arrangements from World War I through the Vietnam War. This study then examines three cases in which a single air component commander was used post-Goldwater-Nichols: Operation Desert Storm, Operation Allied Force, and Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom. Additionally, it focuses on the men that filled the air component commander role for these operations: General Charles Horner, Lieutenant General Michael Short, and General T. Michael Moseley respectively. This research determined that the role of the air component commander has evolved since its institution. It highlights the importance of the air components commander's ability to form his own organization as well as modify it to fit unique combatant command organizational structures such as the dual hatting of senior commanders and the challenge of geographic separation between component and command headquarters.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W93934952
|
Foreign Flag Sealift: A Risky Business for The Combatant Commander
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Greg S. Thornton",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053046204"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Flag (linear algebra)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776730729"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Pure mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582"
},
{
"display_name": "Algebra over a field",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136119220"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W93934952
|
Abstract : It is important for the Combatant Commander of US Joint Forces to be able to project combat power wherever it is needed around the globe. Sealift, both from foreign flagged and American flagged merchant ships, plays a key role in meeting this power projection requirement. The purpose of this paper is to prove that foreign flagged sealift presents significant risks to the Combatant Commanders deployment mission during hostilities; however, these risks can be mitigated if the strategic lift assets are prudently managed during the deployment process. Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm as well as Operation Iraqi Freedom provide valuable lessons learned in the deployment process, where both foreign flag and US flag sealift, were used. This paper will explore ways to minimize the risks associated with utilizing foreign flagged ships for sealift as well as providing for some strategies that will also enhance the sealift fleet.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W101936141
|
Planning for Peace: Rethinking the Combatant Commander's Role in the Post-Conflict
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Christopher J. Parkhurst",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039063727"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W101936141
|
Abstract : In light of the significant challenges in Iraq and Afghanistan, contemporary discourse has rightly focused on civil-military affairs and is rife with calls for a ?whole-of-government? approach that would provide greater capacity to other instruments of national power while better defining the military's role in post-conflict activities. United States Government decision makers have resisted the pursuit of sweeping changes to the structure and resourcing of the interagency to effectively plan and execute post-conflict operations, resulting in seams that lie between the rhetoric of cooperation and the reality of capacity. This paper argues that the CCDR should be the principle arbiter for post-conflict planning and that such planning should precede and inform the operational design leading to conflict termination. This thesis is supported through an exploration of the underpinning arguments for and against military primacy in planning for post-conflict operations, and an examination of doctrinal shortfalls that fail to support the CCDR's comprehensive estimates necessary to achieve success during the post-conflict period. Recommendations propose changes to joint doctrine that would include the development of a new Joint Interagency Planning Process.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W136258773
|
Combatant Commander for Intelligence: Addressing the Operational Intelligence Challenge
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "George F. Franz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055790759"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Command and control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C506615639"
},
{
"display_name": "Military intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49504249"
},
{
"display_name": "Intelligence analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C517642484"
},
{
"display_name": "Intelligence cycle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40046163"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Task (project management)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780451532"
},
{
"display_name": "Action (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Risk analysis (engineering)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112930515"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Systems engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201995342"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W136258773
|
Abstract : This paper examines the proposed establishment of a Combatant Command for Intelligence (INTCOM) being advocated by Senators Saxby Chambliss and Bill Nelson. Their bill, entitled the Military Intelligence Reorganization Act of 2005, would have significant impact on joint intelligence operations. This paper examines the requirements for successfully designing an effective unified headquarters, which would improve intelligence support to operational commanders. To be effective, INTCOM must be efficiently designed to support the specific requirements of the warfighting commanders. In this context, the paper will analyze the chain of command and responsibilities of the COMINTCOM; provide a detailed functional task analysis of the requirements for the INTCOM headquarters; study the requirements to reorganize intelligence forces and functions within the current unified command structure based on the establishment of INTCOM; and, finally, recommend a course of action for effective implementation of the legislation. This study concludes that considering the current challenges involved in the execution of GWOT, as well as the lessons learned from current operations ongoing in Iraq, Afghanistan, and elsewhere, the formation of a centralized command and control element for intelligence has the potential to provide significant benefit to joint force commanders.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W7659662
|
Joint Contingency Contracting: Improving Through Ethics
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Dale Skinner",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075899011"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Contingency plan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14331377"
},
{
"display_name": "Contingency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97508593"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberian dollar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109168655"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Architectural engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C170154142"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W7659662
|
Abstract : Over $700 billion has been allocated towards the global war on terror since 2001, of which almost $20 billion has been awarded in the 2006-2008 time frame by contingency contracting officers (CCOs) in the field supporting operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. This level of magnitude and effort for operational contract support requires that Geographic Combatant Commanders, Joint Task Force Commanders, and the planners that advise them carefully consider that the ethical decisions being made by the CCOs in the field have a tremendous impact on the overall success of the operational missions. Dollar figures as large as those listed above and the austere locations where these dollars change hands dramatically increases the possibility that CCOs will face situations which place them into ethical dilemmas. In order to avoid fraud, bribery, contractor kickbacks, or even any perception of activity that may not be in line with the proper use of U.S. Government funds, it is imperative that commanders and their staffs think about the employment of CCOs early in the planning process to ensure that they are providing the most professional, properly trained, and ethically sound contract support options for the theater of operations.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W174101714
|
The Challenges of an Operationalized National Guard and a Militia Alternative
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "D. E. Gelinas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088181391"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Interdiction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124119293"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Guard (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141141315"
},
{
"display_name": "Operationalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9354725"
},
{
"display_name": "Duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779103253"
},
{
"display_name": "Active duty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776822914"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "Military personnel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779072820"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
},
{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W174101714
|
Abstract : The National Guard contributes nearly half of the total combat forces currently employed in both Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom and a majority of Operation Noble Eagle. The Department of Defense must acknowledge this increasingly unsustainable pace and toll of domestic and overseas tasking for the National Guard as the Guard attempts to fulfill its statutory requirements under Titles 10 and 32 of United States Code. The thesis of this paper is that the National Guard can not adequately support the dual status requirements of the states and the nation as an operationalized reserve engaged in the War on Terror and that reconstituting a traditional militia construct would provide the nation an affordable, legal, adequately trained and equipped citizenry which is relevant to the state governors and USNORTHCOM for employment in domestic and defensive crises. A dedicated and properly resourced traditional militia would permit the continued employment of the Air and Army National Guard as vital operational reserve forces to the active duty forces supporting the Geographic Combatant Commands overseas military combat and contingency operations. Such an institution would give members of the All Volunteer Force several new enlistment options in their decision to serve the nation.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1542308313
|
Meeting Combatant Commanders' Needs: The National Training Center as a Case Study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John S. Morris",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061410124"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Training (meteorology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777211547"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Library science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161191863"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1542308313
|
Abstract : This study, utilizing the National Training Center (NTC) as a case study, analyzes how the US Army, as part of it's Title 10 requirement, provides organized, trained, and equipped forces to meet the needs of combatant commanders. The purpose is to determine whether the program at the NTC, as the Army's most expensive training program, has - evolved from it's original purpose, to train units to fight and win against the Warsaw Pact on the plains of Europe. The NTC of today must prepare units to deploy from the United States, trained to defeat either one of two foes (North Korea or Iraq) in a Major Regional Contingency (MRC). The study begins by linking the NTC to the Army's Title 10 requirements. It then identifies what US Central Command (CENTCOM) and US Pacific Command (PACOM) require from mechanized brigades in four areas: reception, staging, onward movement, and integration (RSOI), intelligence, indirect fire support, and threat forces. After a brief look at the development and history of the NTC, the study examines the program at the NTC, comparing the training program in each of the four areas to the CENTCOM and PACOM requirements. The study concludes that, with few exceptions, the NTC of today is an excellent tool for preparing mechanized units for employment by either CENTCOM or PACOM in an MRC.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W296550563
|
Operational Contract Support: Actions Needed to Enhance the Collection, Integration, and Sharing of Lessons Learned
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cary Russell",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040377240"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Adam Coffey",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000285102"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mae Jones",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087471752"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Marcus L. Oliver",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030603296"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ashley Orr",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026814572"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "James A. Reynolds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074802257"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael Shaughnessy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058537869"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cassia Michael",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037158253"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110354214"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W296550563
|
Abstract : Why GAO Did This Study: DOD has spent billions of dollars on contract support during operations in Iraq and Afghanistan since 2002 and anticipates continuing its heavy reliance on contractors in future operations. Generally, OCS is the process of planning for and obtaining needed supplies and services from commercial sources in support of joint operations. GAO has previously identified long-standing concerns with DOD s efforts to institutionalize OCS. This report examines the extent to which (1) the geographic combatant commands and the services collect OCS issues to develop lessons learned, (2) DOD has a focal point for integrating OCS issues from the JLLP, and (3) DOD organizations use JLLIS to share OCS issues and lessons learned. GAO evaluated OCS and lessons-learned guidance and plans and met with DOD commands and offices responsible for OCS planning, integration, policy, and cocontractor managementunctions. What GAO Recommends GAO recommends, among other things, that DOD and the services (1) issue service-wide OCS lelessons learned guidance; (2) establish an OCS training requirement for senior leaders; (3) ensure the planned OCS joint proponent s roles and responsibilities include integrating OCS issues from the JLLP; and (4) improve JLLIS s functionality. DOD concurred with three of these recommendations, but partially concurred with the third recommendation, stating the need to first evaluate its courses of action before establishing such a proponent. GAO believes this recommendation is still valid, as discussed in this report.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1755985080
|
Strategic Lift and the Operational Commander: It's About Time
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mark R. Wise",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051918299"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Strategic planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48243021"
},
{
"display_name": "Strategic goal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C183735805"
},
{
"display_name": "Lift (data mining)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139002025"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Risk analysis (engineering)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112930515"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Military science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C451841"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Data mining",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124101348"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1755985080
|
Abstract : Phasing combat capability into a theater or across multiple theaters and then sustaining it has been central to a Combatant Commander's operational planning for decades. United States and coalition forces have been experiencing an increasing pace of operations throughout the post Cold War era, particularly as the Long War progresses. Strategic Lift has played a central role in the Combatant Commander's planning process in setting the stage for initial and sustained success. This paper addresses the role of Strategic Lift and whether it is adequate to ensure the success of Combatant Commanders both today and in the future. Operation Desert Storm is used as a baseline case study from which to evaluate Strategic Lift and claims that it was inadequate in the early 1990's. Operation Iraqi Freedom is then used to contrast Strategic Lift capability to determine if a Strategic Lift shortfall still exists. The overarching theme throughout is that Strategic Lift modernization and recapitalization must compete for scarce resources, therefore if a shortfall exists, the Combatant Commander must make the most effective use of assets available. To this end, the Combatant Commander's risk assessment will depend largely on time. Recommendations to improve Strategic Lift are: alternatives for addressing strategic tanker shortfalls, logistics visibility and unit phasing options, logistics war-gaming and reliance on Effects Based Operations to mitigate potential risk.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W185761206
|
Riverine Force -- A Vital Navy Capability for the Joint Force Commander
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michael C. McCurry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024821944"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Navy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776746162"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776211767"
},
{
"display_name": "Military doctrine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778007780"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W252824154",
"https://openalex.org/W601121451",
"https://openalex.org/W630361197",
"https://openalex.org/W2029653794",
"https://openalex.org/W2798811170"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W185761206
|
Abstract : Rivers and other restricted waters present a crucial capability gap for the U.S. Military in prosecuting the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). Throughout history, the U.S. Navy has used riverine forces successfully. The U.S. Navy should develop and maintain a robust riverine capability for the Combatant Commander's use. Not only would a riverine force provide a vital capability to the warfighting headquarters, it would increase the relevancy of the U.S. Navy in the GWOT, and prepare the U.S. Military to deal with further asymmetric threats along the world's inland waterways. The Navy is the correct service to provide this operational capability because the tactical tasks to be performed by this force are essentially naval in character; the Navy is the least employed military service in the GWOT; and the Navy's history, tradition, and culture make it the best-suited service to provide these forces. The joint community also must actively support the creation and implementation of this force to enable the U.S. Military to dominate this vital terrain. The purpose of this paper is to study the historical precedent for this force, examine the current operating environment in Iraq in light of existing limited riverine capabilities, and discuss future opportunities for riverine employment. The primary historical foci of the paper will be on the Civil War, the Vietnam War, and the British Campaign in Mesopotamia during World War I. Finally, the paper will make recommendations on riverine force capabilities, riverine doctrine, and areas that require further study.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W93318192
|
Improving Logistics Support for the Combatant Commander
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "David L. Dias",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008226597"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W93318192
|
Abstract : Logistics support to Combatant Commanders has improved significantly since DESERT SHIELD/STORM. DOD logistics has benefited from investments in afloat prepositioning, newer and more capable airlift and sealift platforms, and improvements to mobility infrastructure. Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) demonstrated that many logistical challenges still remain. Support units had difficulty keeping pace with a highly mobile combat force. Logistics planners encountered difficulties in meeting unit sustainment demands due to problems with in-transit and total asset visibility (ITV/TAV), which impacted their ability to identify shortages and availability of theater stocks, and pass and track requisitions for critical parts. These impediments prompted decisions to push materiel into and throughout the theater preempting the normal requisitioning process. Overall, OIF demonstrated logistics success; however, it also showed that logistics transformation is needed to adapt to future warfare requirements. Transformation of DOD logistics must occur with emphasis on linkage of sustainment with operations. Logistics planners need battlefield awareness to enable them to respond to warfighter needs as they occur. Future maneuver warfare will have to rely on a transformed logistics system that can effectively push all classes of supply to units in a timely and highly synchronized fashion. This paper will propose a push system of supply as part of a migration to a Sense and Respond logistics model, which represents the type of transformation that is needed to support 21st century maneuver warfare.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W334080408
|
Joint Expeditionary Force Strike Sustainment Vessel and Joint Unmanned Aerial Support Craft Concepts Transforming to Fight Swiftly and Decisively from the Sea and Beyond
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Drexel D. Heard",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082802441"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Joint (building)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18555067"
},
{
"display_name": "Combatant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778638182"
},
{
"display_name": "Interoperability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20136886"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061"
},
{
"display_name": "Procurement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201650216"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42475967"
},
{
"display_name": "Operations management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C21547014"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147176958"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W334080408
|
Abstract : Global logistical challenges during Operation Desert Storm/Shield and Operation Iraqi Freedom highlighted the volatile uncertain complex and ambiguous (VUCA) threats the United States its allies and coalition partners will face in the 21st century. Today U.S. military forward presence relies heavily on foreign access infrastructure and host nation support to generate large stockpiles of supplies to sustain joint force operations. To mitigate the fore mentioned logistical risks i.e. foreign access infrastructure and host nation support and to further enhance joint force interoperability the U.S. Secretary of Defense (SecDef) has directed that Department of Defense (DOD) spending be aimed at making the best use of resources through the development of joint systems and capabilities. Moving forward with direction from SecDef the design development and procurement of a joint sea-basing platform recognizes the advantage of a truly integrated and stable transformation investment in science and technology (S&T). Contrary to today's single service sea-basing platform designs concepts and strategies one can posit that an all-inclusive S&T joint sea-basing developmental program with enablers will offer the Combatant Commander and Joint Force Commander additional tools and options to close assemble employ and sustain joint forces supporting functional crisis action and/or deliberate contingency operations.
|
[] |
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