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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

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[ "Planet_Hollywood_Las_Vegas", "Caesars_Entertainment_Corporation", "Hollywood_Casino_St._Louis", "Gold_Coast_Hotel_and_Casino", "Aliante_Casino_and_Hotel" ]

[ "Planet Hollywood Las Vegas -LRB- formerly Tally-Ho , King 's Crown and Aladdin -RRB- is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation . Hilton Grand Vacations operates the timeshare portion of the property , known as Elara . In April 2010 , Total Rewards replaced the `` A-List '' Player rewards card at Planet Hollywood . ", "Caesars Entertainment Corporation , is an American gaming corporation based in Paradise , Nevada that owns and operates over 50 casinos and hotels , and seven golf courses under several brands . It is the fourth-largest gaming company in the world , with annual revenues of $ 8.6 billion -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Caesars is a public company , majority-owned by a group of private equity firms led by Apollo Global Management and TPG Capital . Caesars 's largest operating unit filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2015 . ", "Hollywood Casino St. Louis is a riverboat casino in Maryland Heights , Missouri , near St. Louis . It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn National Gaming . The casino has 120000 sqft of gaming space , with 2,180 slot machines and 80 table games . Penn National acquired the casino , then named Harrah 's St. Louis , in November 2012 from Caesars Entertainment for $ 610 million . ", "The Gold Coast Hotel & Casino is a hotel and casino located in Paradise , Nevada . This locals ' casino is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming . The Gold Coast is located one mile -LRB- 1.6 km -RRB- west of the Las Vegas Strip on West Flamingo Road . It is located across the street from the Palms Casino Resort and the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino . ", "Aliante Casino and Hotel -LRB- formerly Aliante Station -RRB- is a hotel and casino in North Las Vegas , Nevada . It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings", "THE–QS_World_University_Rankings,_2006", "Press_Freedom_Index", "Darts_world_rankings", "International_rankings_of_Egypt" ]

[ "Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Times Higher Education -LRB- THE -RRB- magazine . The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds -LRB- QS -RRB- to publish the joint THE -- QS World University Rankings from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system . The publication now comprises the world 's overall , subject , and reputation rankings , alongside three regional league tables , Asia , Latin America , and BRICS & Emerging Economies which are generated by consistent methodology . It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with Academic Ranking of World Universities and QS World University Rankings . It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms . ", "This is the 2006 THE -- QS World University Rankings list of the top 200 universities in the world . ", "The Press Freedom Index is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders based upon the organisation 's own assessment of the countries ' press freedom records in the previous year . It intends to reflect the degree of freedom that journalists , news organisations , and netizens have in each country , and the efforts made by authorities to respect this freedom . Reporters Without Borders is careful to note that the index only deals with press freedom and does not measure the quality of journalism nor does it look at human rights violations in general . ", "Darts World Rankings are a system designed to determine a list of the best darts players in the world based on their performances in tournaments . However , in 1993 , a group of former world champions and other high-profile players separated from the British Darts Organisation , meaning there are now two major governing bodies . Each organisation has its own players , and each has its own ranking system . The ranking systems are used to arrange tournament seedings , which are so arranged , that the number one player in the world will not face the number two player until the final of a tournament , providing they both reach that final . ", "The following are international rankings of Egypt . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Practical_Magic", "Alice_Hoffman", "Mister_Magic_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "The_Magic_Numbers_-LRB-album-RRB-", "A_Fine_Magic" ]

[ "Practical Magic is a 1998 American romantic comedy film based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Alice Hoffman . The film was directed by Griffin Dunne and stars Sandra Bullock , Nicole Kidman , Stockard Channing , Dianne Wiest , Aidan Quinn , and Goran Visnjic . The film score was composed by Alan Silvestri . Bullock and Kidman play sisters Sally and Gillian Owens , who have always known they were different from each other . Raised by their aunts after their parents ' death , the sisters grew up in a household that was anything but typical -- their aunts fed them chocolate cake for breakfast and taught them the uses of practical magic . But the invocation of the Owens ' sorcery also carries a price -- some call it a curse : the men they fall in love with are doomed to an untimely death . Now adult women with very different personalities , the quiet Sally and the fiery Gillian must use all of their powers to fight the family curse and a swarm of supernatural forces that could take away all the Owens ' lives . ", "Alice Hoffman -LRB- born March 16 , 1952 -RRB- is an American novelist and young-adult and children 's writer , best known for her 1995 novel Practical Magic , which was adapted for a 1998 film of the same name . Many of her works fall into the genre of magic realism and contain elements of magic , irony , and non-standard romances and relationships . ", "Mister Magic may refer to : ", "The Magic Numbers is the self-titled debut album from The Magic Numbers . It was nominated for a Mercury Music Prize in 2005 . Songwriting duties were taken by Romeo Stodart as was much of the musical composition and arrangement . It incorporated the earlier single release of `` Hymn for Her '' as a hidden track . The album incorporates many folk elements within the main indie sound which resounds throughout . The album also reflects many elements of the writers early childhood dreams , tales of their love life and desperation of youth . For example , `` Love Me Like You '' , the best known single of the album , illustrates the difference of feeling in their love for each other . ", "`` A Fine Magic '' is a 2006 fantasy short story by Margo Lanagan . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Stephen_King", "The_Slow_Mutants", "Bernard_Cornwell_bibliography", "Steven_Krauzer", "The_Oracle_and_the_Mountains" ]

[ "Stephen Edwin King -LRB- born September 21 , 1947 -RRB- is an American author of horror , supernatural fiction , suspense , science fiction , and fantasy . His books have sold more than 350 million copies , many of which have been adapted into feature films , miniseries , television shows , and comic books . King has published 54 novels , including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman , and six non-fiction books . He has written nearly 200 short stories , most of which have been collected in book collections . Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine . His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . King has received Bram Stoker Awards , World Fantasy Awards , and British Fantasy Society Awards . His novella The Way Station -LRB- 1980 -RRB- was a Nebula Award novelette nominee . In 2003 , the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters . His short story `` The Man in the Black Suit '' -LRB- 1994 -RRB- received the O. Henry Award . He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire oeuvre , such as the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . In 2015 , King was awarded with a National Medal of Arts from the United States National Endowment for the Arts for his contributions to literature . ", "`` The Slow Mutants '' is a fantasy novella by American writer Stephen King , originally published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in July 1981 . In 1982 , `` The Slow Mutants '' was collected with four other stories King published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction as The Dark Tower : The Gunslinger . `` The Slow Mutants '' formed the fourth chapter of the book , and was slightly revised for the inclusion . ", "Bernard Cornwell 's career started in 1981 with Sharpe 's Eagle . He has been a prolific historical novelist since then having published more than 50 novels . ", "Steven Krauzer was a ghostwriter for The Executioner series featuring Mack Bolan . He wrote a total of 4 books between 1982 and 1983 . Krauzer was preceded by Saul Wernick and was followed by Michael Newton . ", "`` The Oracle and the Mountains '' is a short story by Stephen King , originally published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in February 1981 . In 1982 , `` The Oracle and the Mountains '' was collected with several other stories King published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction as The Dark Tower : The Gunslinger . `` The Oracle and the Mountains '' formed the third chapter of the book , and was slightly revised for the inclusion . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pierce_County,_Washington", "Cascade_Range", "Mount_Hood", "Mount_Rainier", "Snowyside_Peak" ]

[ "right | thumb | Tacoma -- seat of Pierce County Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington . As of the 2010 Census , the population was 795,225 , making it the second-most populous county in Washington behind King County . The county seat and largest city is Tacoma . Formed out of Thurston County on December 22 , 1852 , by the legislature of Oregon Territory , it was named for U.S. President Franklin Pierce . Pierce County is in the Seattle metropolitan area -LRB- formally the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue , WA metropolitan statistical area -RRB- . Pierce County is notable for being home to Mount Rainier , the tallest mountain and a volcano in the Cascade Range . Its most recent recorded eruption was between 1820 and 1854 . There is no imminent risk of eruption , but geologists expect that the volcano will erupt again . If this should happen , parts of Pierce County and the Puyallup Valley would be at risk from lahars , lava , or pyroclastic flows . The Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning System was established in 1998 to assist in the evacuation of the Puyallup River valley in case of eruption . ", "The Cascade Range or Cascades is a major mountain range of western North America , extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California . It includes both non-volcanic mountains , such as the North Cascades , and the notable volcanoes known as the High Cascades . The small part of the range in British Columbia is referred to as the Canadian Cascades or , locally , as the Cascade Mountains . The latter term is also sometimes used by Washington residents to refer to the Washington section of the Cascades in addition to North Cascades , the more usual U.S. term , as in North Cascades National Park . The highest peak in the range is Mount Rainier in Washington at 14411 ft. part of the Pacific Ocean 's Ring of Fire , the ring of volcanoes and associated mountains around the Pacific Ocean . All of the eruptions in the contiguous United States over the last 200 years have been from Cascade volcanoes . The two most recent were Lassen Peak from 1914 to 1921 and a major eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 . Minor eruptions of Mount St. Helens have also occurred since , most recently from 2004 -- 2008 . The Cascade Range is a part of the American Cordillera , a nearly continuous chain of mountain ranges -LRB- cordillera -RRB- that form the western `` backbone '' of North America , Central America , and South America . ", "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Mount Rainier -LRB- pronounced : -LSB- reɪˈnɪər -RSB- -RRB- , Mount Tacoma , or Mount Tahoma is the highest mountain of the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest , and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington . It is a large active stratovolcano located 54 mi south-southeast of Seattle , in the Mount Rainier National Park . It is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States and the Cascade Volcanic Arc , with a summit elevation of 14411 ft. Mt. Rainier is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world , and it is on the Decade Volcano list . Because of its large amount of glacial ice , Mt. Rainier could produce massive lahars that could threaten the entire Puyallup River valley , and poses a grave threat to the southern sections of the Seattle metropolitan area , a city of over 650,000 people with more than 3.7 million living in its metropolitan area . ", "Snowyside Peak , at 10651 ft above sea level is the fifth highest peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho . The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area at the intersection of Blaine , Custer County , and Elmore counties . It is the highest point in Elmore County . The peak is located 5.1 mi south of Mount Cramer , its line parent . It is the 217th highest peak in Idaho . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Pierce_County,_Washington", "Cascade_Range", "Mount_Hood", "Mount_Rainier", "Snowyside_Peak" ]

[ "right | thumb | Tacoma -- seat of Pierce County Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington . As of the 2010 Census , the population was 795,225 , making it the second-most populous county in Washington behind King County . The county seat and largest city is Tacoma . Formed out of Thurston County on December 22 , 1852 , by the legislature of Oregon Territory , it was named for U.S. President Franklin Pierce . Pierce County is in the Seattle metropolitan area -LRB- formally the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue , WA metropolitan statistical area -RRB- . Pierce County is notable for being home to Mount Rainier , the tallest mountain and a volcano in the Cascade Range . Its most recent recorded eruption was between 1820 and 1854 . There is no imminent risk of eruption , but geologists expect that the volcano will erupt again . If this should happen , parts of Pierce County and the Puyallup Valley would be at risk from lahars , lava , or pyroclastic flows . The Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning System was established in 1998 to assist in the evacuation of the Puyallup River valley in case of eruption . ", "The Cascade Range or Cascades is a major mountain range of western North America , extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California . It includes both non-volcanic mountains , such as the North Cascades , and the notable volcanoes known as the High Cascades . The small part of the range in British Columbia is referred to as the Canadian Cascades or , locally , as the Cascade Mountains . The latter term is also sometimes used by Washington residents to refer to the Washington section of the Cascades in addition to North Cascades , the more usual U.S. term , as in North Cascades National Park . The highest peak in the range is Mount Rainier in Washington at 14411 ft. part of the Pacific Ocean 's Ring of Fire , the ring of volcanoes and associated mountains around the Pacific Ocean . All of the eruptions in the contiguous United States over the last 200 years have been from Cascade volcanoes . The two most recent were Lassen Peak from 1914 to 1921 and a major eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 . Minor eruptions of Mount St. Helens have also occurred since , most recently from 2004 -- 2008 . The Cascade Range is a part of the American Cordillera , a nearly continuous chain of mountain ranges -LRB- cordillera -RRB- that form the western `` backbone '' of North America , Central America , and South America . ", "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Mount Rainier -LRB- pronounced : -LSB- reɪˈnɪər -RSB- -RRB- , Mount Tacoma , or Mount Tahoma is the highest mountain of the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest , and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington . It is a large active stratovolcano located 54 mi south-southeast of Seattle , in the Mount Rainier National Park . It is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States and the Cascade Volcanic Arc , with a summit elevation of 14411 ft. Mt. Rainier is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world , and it is on the Decade Volcano list . Because of its large amount of glacial ice , Mt. Rainier could produce massive lahars that could threaten the entire Puyallup River valley , and poses a grave threat to the southern sections of the Seattle metropolitan area , a city of over 650,000 people with more than 3.7 million living in its metropolitan area . ", "Snowyside Peak , at 10651 ft above sea level is the fifth highest peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho . The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area at the intersection of Blaine , Custer County , and Elmore counties . It is the highest point in Elmore County . The peak is located 5.1 mi south of Mount Cramer , its line parent . It is the 217th highest peak in Idaho . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Pierce_County,_Washington", "Cascade_Range", "Mount_Hood", "Mount_Rainier", "Snowyside_Peak" ]

[ "right | thumb | Tacoma -- seat of Pierce County Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington . As of the 2010 Census , the population was 795,225 , making it the second-most populous county in Washington behind King County . The county seat and largest city is Tacoma . Formed out of Thurston County on December 22 , 1852 , by the legislature of Oregon Territory , it was named for U.S. President Franklin Pierce . Pierce County is in the Seattle metropolitan area -LRB- formally the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue , WA metropolitan statistical area -RRB- . Pierce County is notable for being home to Mount Rainier , the tallest mountain and a volcano in the Cascade Range . Its most recent recorded eruption was between 1820 and 1854 . There is no imminent risk of eruption , but geologists expect that the volcano will erupt again . If this should happen , parts of Pierce County and the Puyallup Valley would be at risk from lahars , lava , or pyroclastic flows . The Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning System was established in 1998 to assist in the evacuation of the Puyallup River valley in case of eruption . ", "The Cascade Range or Cascades is a major mountain range of western North America , extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California . It includes both non-volcanic mountains , such as the North Cascades , and the notable volcanoes known as the High Cascades . The small part of the range in British Columbia is referred to as the Canadian Cascades or , locally , as the Cascade Mountains . The latter term is also sometimes used by Washington residents to refer to the Washington section of the Cascades in addition to North Cascades , the more usual U.S. term , as in North Cascades National Park . The highest peak in the range is Mount Rainier in Washington at 14411 ft. part of the Pacific Ocean 's Ring of Fire , the ring of volcanoes and associated mountains around the Pacific Ocean . All of the eruptions in the contiguous United States over the last 200 years have been from Cascade volcanoes . The two most recent were Lassen Peak from 1914 to 1921 and a major eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 . Minor eruptions of Mount St. Helens have also occurred since , most recently from 2004 -- 2008 . The Cascade Range is a part of the American Cordillera , a nearly continuous chain of mountain ranges -LRB- cordillera -RRB- that form the western `` backbone '' of North America , Central America , and South America . ", "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Mount Rainier -LRB- pronounced : -LSB- reɪˈnɪər -RSB- -RRB- , Mount Tacoma , or Mount Tahoma is the highest mountain of the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest , and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington . It is a large active stratovolcano located 54 mi south-southeast of Seattle , in the Mount Rainier National Park . It is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States and the Cascade Volcanic Arc , with a summit elevation of 14411 ft. Mt. Rainier is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world , and it is on the Decade Volcano list . Because of its large amount of glacial ice , Mt. Rainier could produce massive lahars that could threaten the entire Puyallup River valley , and poses a grave threat to the southern sections of the Seattle metropolitan area , a city of over 650,000 people with more than 3.7 million living in its metropolitan area . ", "Snowyside Peak , at 10651 ft above sea level is the fifth highest peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho . The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area at the intersection of Blaine , Custer County , and Elmore counties . It is the highest point in Elmore County . The peak is located 5.1 mi south of Mount Cramer , its line parent . It is the 217th highest peak in Idaho . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "The_Tracey_Fragments_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Night_Of", "On_the_Spot_-LRB-Canadian_TV_series-RRB-", "Helping_Hand_-LRB-Body_of_Proof-RRB-", "The_Armory_-LRB-Falling_Skies-RRB-" ]

[ "The Tracey Fragments is a 2007 drama film directed by Canadian Bruce McDonald and written by Maureen Medved , based on her novel of the same name . It stars Ellen Page in the title role , is produced by Sarah Timmins and executive produced by Paul Barkin . The film was selected to open the Panorama section of the 57th Berlin International Film Festival and had its world premiere February 8 , 2007 . It is being distributed in Canada by Odeon Films , with world sales being handled by Bavaria Films International . The film had its North American premiere at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12 . Canadian theatrical release followed in October 2007 . The film was acquired for the United States by THINKFilm , and was released May 9 , 2008 . After a screening at the Possible Worlds 2007 Canadian Film Festival the film was acquired for DVD release in Australia and New Zealand by Siren Visual . The film was a low budget production , being made on only CAD$ 750,000 . ", "The Night Of is an American eight-part crime drama television miniseries based on Criminal Justice , a 2008 -- 09 British television series . The miniseries was written by Richard Price and Steven Zaillian and directed by Zaillian and James Marsh . Broadcast on HBO , The Night Of premiered on July 10 , 2016 to critical acclaim . The first episode premiered on June 24 , 2016 , via HBO on-demand . ", "On the Spot was the first television series made specifically for TV by the National Film Board of Canada , which aired on CBC Television for two seasons from 1953 to 1954 . Each episode reported on a different aspect of life in Canada . The series was originated by Bernard Devlin . Series segments were produced with a three-person crew : a director , cameraman and on-screen host , usually Fred Davis.The series debuted on October 6 , 1953 , at 7:45 pm and ran until June 30 , 1954 for a total of 39 episodes . Episodes were initially 15 minutes in length . However , the NFB asked the CBC to increase the time slot to 30 minutes for the second season . The series changed time slots frequently , playing as late as 11:45 pm on Monday nights before going to Sundays at 4:30 pm . The second season aired on Sundays at 10 pm . Cancelled after the 26 episodes of the second season , On the Spot was replaced by Perspective , a 30-minute show that mixed documentary reports and dramatizations on contemporary Canadian issues . ", "`` Helping Hand '' is the third episode of the first season of the American medical drama Body of Proof . It was originally broadcast in the United States on ABC on April 5 , 2011 . The episode was directed by John Terlesky and written by Corey Miller . In this episode , Megan -LRB- Dana Delany -RRB- is shocked after the victim in a shooting is a previous patient when she was a neurosurgeon ; however she only remembers the procedure of the woman . Detective Morris -LRB- John Carroll Lynch -RRB- and Detective Baker -LRB- Sonja Sohn -RRB- lead the case , interviewing many leads from the crime scene , which results in finding the unexpected killer . Meanwhile ; Megan tries to build a better relationship with her colleagues . The episode received overwhelming positive reviews , and was watched by 11.15 million viewers , according to Nielsen ratings , on the Tuesday night it aired in the United States . Delany and Lynch received praise from critics for their double act , with being Bud called a `` real joy to watch '' and his lines , `` the best '' and that he is the shows `` funny guy '' . The episode 's storyline was well received and critics thanked the show for not being `` too gory '' . ", "`` The Armory '' is the second episode of the first season of the TNT science fiction drama Falling Skies , which originally aired June 19 , 2011 , alongside the pilot episode . The episode was written by Graham Yost and directed by Greg Beeman . Weaver sends Tom and a squad to scout out a possible weapons armory , but they are taken hostage by a group of outlaws who then try to use Tom and his team as leverage to acquire food and weapons . The trade is interrupted by an alien ship , which kills most of the outlaws . Their leader , Pope , is taken into custody . Margaret , another one of the outlaws , agrees to fight for the 2nd Mass and help Tom find his enslaved son Ben , who was seen at a nearby hospital only days before . In the United States , the two-hour series premiere achieved a viewership of 5.91 million , making it the most-watched series premiere of 2011 . The episode garnered a 2.0 rating in the 18 -- 49 demographic , translating to 2.6 million viewers according to the Nielsen ratings . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Staging_area", "Fly_system", "Species_distribution", "Run-in_period", "Toyota_Amphitheatre" ]

[ "A staging area -LRB- otherwise staging point , staging base or staging post -RRB- is a location where organisms , people , vehicles , equipment or material are assembled before use . It may refer to : Construction Designated area where vehicles , supplies , and construction equipment are positioned for access and use to a construction site . Ecology Resting and feeding places of migratory birds are referred to as staging areas . Entertainment Places designated for setting up parades and other elaborate presentations . Military In military usage , a staging area is a place where troops or equipment in transit are assembled or processed . The US Department of Defense uses these definitions : Often and historically this military staging area has been termed a point d'appui , which is often on high ground and sometimes coincident with a significant prehistoric monument , as in the case of Catto Long Barrow in Aberdeenshire , Scotland . Unlike normal bases , the facilities of a staging area are temporary , mainly because for a certain time it will hold much more troops and materiel than would be reasonable in peacetime . Militaries use staging areas to deploy military units , aircraft and warships and materiel ahead of an attack or invasion . In former times , this used to be generally the border area of one 's own country , but in recent wars -LRB- Gulf War , Kosovo War , Iraq War -RRB- it may also be the border area of another unrelated country granting access . Space exploration Area where final assembly is done on space vehicles before they are moved out to their launch pad . Data management Intermediate storage area between the sources of information and the data warehouse -LRB- DW -RRB- or Data mart -LRB- DM -RRB- . It is usually of temporary nature , and its contents can be erased after the DW/DM has been loaded successfully . ", "A fly system , flying system or theatrical rigging system , is a system of lines -LRB- e.g. , ropes -RRB- , blocks -LRB- pulleys -RRB- , counterweights and related devices within a theater that enables a stage crew to quickly , quietly and safely fly -LRB- hoist -RRB- components such as curtains , lights , scenery , stage effects and , sometimes , people -LRB- e.g. , in Peter Pan -RRB- . Systems are typically designed to fly components between clear view of the audience and out of view , into the large opening , fly loft -LRB- the flies -RRB- , above the stage . Fly systems are often used in conjunction with other theatre systems , such as scenery wagons , stage lifts and stage turntables , to physically manipulate the mise en scène . Theatrical rigging is most prevalent in proscenium theatres with stage houses designed specifically to handle the significant dead and live loads associated with fly systems . Building , occupational safety , and fire codes limit the types and quantity of rigging permitted in a theatre based on stage configuration . Theatrical rigging standards are developed and maintained by organizations such as USITT and ESTA -LRB- now PLASA -RRB- . ", "Species distribution is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged . Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal , which is the movement of individuals away from their area of origin or from centers of high on density . A similar concept is the species range . A species range is often represented with a species range map . Biogeographers try to understand the factors determining a species ' distribution . The pattern of distribution is not permanent for each species . Distribution patterns can change seasonally , in response to the availability of resources , and also depending on the scale at which they are viewed . Dispersion usually takes place at the time of reproduction . Populations within a species are translocated through many methods , including dispersal by people , wind , water and animals . Humans are one of the largest distributors due to the current trends in globalization and the expanse of the transportation industry . For example , large tankers often fill their ballasts with water at one port and empty them in another , causing a wider distribution of aquatic species . Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time . It is very useful in understanding species distribution through factors such as speciation , extinction , continental drift , glaciation , variation of sea levels , river capture and available resources . This branch of study not only gives a description of the species distribution , but also a geographical explanation for the distribution of particular species . The traditional biogeographic regions were first modeled by Alfred Wallace in The Geographical Distribution of Animals -LRB- 1876 -RRB- . These were based on the work of Sclater 's terrestrial biogeographic regions . Wallace 's system was based on both birds and vertebrates , including non-flying mammals , which better reflect the natural divisions of the Earth due to their limited dispersal abilities . ", "Run-in period is a period before a clinical trial is commenced , it can be passive `` when a placebo or no treatment is given '' or active `` when treatment is used '' . The clinical data from this stage of a trial are only occasionally of value but can serve a valuable role in screening out ineligible or non-compliant participants , in ensuring that participants are in a stable condition , and in providing baseline observations . A run-in period is sometimes called a washout period if treatments that participants were using before entering the clinical trial are discontinued . ", "Toyota Amphitheatre is an outdoor amphitheater , located near Plumas Lake and Wheatland , California in unincorporated Yuba County . It has a capacity of 18,500 , with 8,000 reserved seats and 10,500 unreserved lawn seats . It is used for concerts , stage shows and other special events . Amphitheatre corporate-sponsor is Toyota . Live Nation owns the venue ; it is a live-events company based in Beverly Hills , CA . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_Decter", "Ed_Solomon", "Ed_Morrissey", "Gregg_Easterbrook", "Max_Landis" ]

[ "Edward I. `` Ed '' Decter -LRB- born May 19 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film director , film producer and screenwriter . His credits include , There 's Something About Mary , The Santa Clause 3 , The Santa Clause 2 , The New Guy , The Lizzie McGuire Movie , and television series Boy Meets World , In Plain Sight , and Shadowhunters . He frequently collaborates with fellow producer and writer John J. Strauss . Decter graduated from Wesleyan University in 1979 . ", "Edward James `` Ed '' Solomon -LRB- born September 15 , 1960 -RRB- is an American writer , producer and director . He began his career in college as a joke writer , stand up comedian , and playwright and , while still in college , was a staff writer for Laverne & Shirley -- making him -LRB- at the time -RRB- the youngest member of the Writers Guild of America . He then spent three years writing the cult Showtime TV series , It 's Garry Shandling 's Show , and has created critically acclaimed hit franchise films in each of the past four decades , including Bill & Ted 's Excellent Adventure and Bill & Ted 's Bogus Journey -LRB- with Chris Matheson -RRB- -LRB- the 1980s -RRB- , Men in Black -LRB- 90s -RRB- , Charlie 's Angels -LRB- 00s -RRB- and X-Men -LRB- uncredited - 2000s -RRB- and Now You See Me -LRB- ' 10s -RRB- . In March 2016 he completed production on Mosaic , a 12-hour long-form TV project for HBO in collaboration with director Steven Soderbergh , and is currently working on The Invisible Man for Universal Studios and Johnny Depp . The villain De Nomolos in Bill and Ted is Ed Solomon spelled backwards . He lives in Santa Monica , California , with his two children , Evan and Olivia . ", "Ed Morrissey -LRB- born April 3 , 1963 -RRB- is an American conservative blogger , columnist , motivational speaker , and talk show host . He goes by the nickname Captain Ed and he currently lives in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota . He wrote his original blog , `` Captain 's Quarters '' , from October 2003 to February 2008 . He now works full-time as a blogger for Hot Air . and writes a column for The Week . He also participates in Bloggingheads.tv His opinion articles have appeared in the New York Sun , the New York Post , and the Daily Standard . He is married to the Roman Catholic writer Marcia Morrissey , of Patheos . ", "Gregg Edmund Easterbrook -LRB- born March 3 , 1953 -RRB- is an American writer and a contributing editor of both The New Republic and The Atlantic Monthly . During the National Football League season , Easterbrook formerly wrote an eclectic column called Tuesday Morning Quarterback on ESPN.com , and that column migrated to the New York Times in September 2015 . He has authored nine books -LRB- five nonfiction , one of humor , and three literary novels -RRB- , and writes for op-ed pages , magazines , and journals . ", "Max Landis -LRB- born August 3 , 1985 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , director , producer , comic book writer , and actor . He is best known for writing the films Chronicle -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , American Ultra -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Victor Frankenstein -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , as well as a variety of short films including The Death and Return of Superman and Wrestling Is n't Wrestling . Recently , he has acted as an executive producer on the Syfy anthology horror series Channel Zero , as well as creator and showrunner for the American adaptation of Douglas Adams ' science fiction detective comedy novel series Dirk Gently 's Holistic Detective Agency on BBC America , which both premiered in October 2016 . Landis has also written for comic books , beginning as the author of the DC Comics seven-issue mini-series Superman : American Alien -LRB- 2015-2016 -RRB- and continuing with the nine-issue medieval fantasy drama series Green Valley for Image Comics -LRB- 2016 -- present -RRB- . He is the son of director John Landis and costume designer and historian Deborah Nadoolman Landis . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Ovary", "Micromoema_xiphophora", "Lindmania_paludosa", "Celsiella_revocata", "Agnorhiza_ovata" ]

[ "The ovary -LRB- From ovarium , literally `` egg '' or `` nut '' -RRB- is an ovum-producing reproductive organ , found in pairs in the female as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system . Birds have only one functional ovary -LRB- the left -RRB- , while the other remains vestigial . Ovaries in females are analogous to testes in males , in that they are both gonads and endocrine glands . Although ovaries occur in a wide variety of animals , both vertebrate and invertebrate , this article is primarily about human ovaries . ", "Micromoema xiphophora is a species of aplocheilid fish endemic to the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela where it is found in small pools in the forest . This species grows to a length of 6 cm TL . This species is the only known member of its genus . ", "Lindmania paludosa is a species in the genus Lindmania . This species is endemic to Venezuela . ", "Celsiella revocata is a species of frog in the Centrolenidae family . It is endemic to the Venezuelan Coastal Range . Its common name , El Tovar glass frog , refers to its type locality , Colonia Tovar . Its natural habitats are montane forests along streams ; it is usually found on vegetation above the streams . Celsiella revocata is a common frog in undisturbed habitats but threatened by habitat loss . Its total population is decreasing . ", "Agnorhiza ovata -LRB- syn . Wyethia ovata -RRB- is a species of flowering plant known by the common name southern mule 's ears . It is native to the mountains and foothills of southern California and Baja California , occurring the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills in Tulare , Kern , Ventura , Los Angeles , Orange , Riverside , and San Diego counties in California , with additional populations in the Peninsular Ranges south of the international border . Agnorhiza ovata grows in many types of habitat , including forests , woodlands , and grassland . It is a perennial herb growing from a thick taproot and caudex unit . The hairy , glandular , sticky-textured stem grows a few centimeters tall to nearly half a meter in maximum height . The leaves have oval blades up to 20 centimeters long which are generally hairy or silky and glandular . The inflorescence is made up of one or more flower heads which may be tucked amongst the uppermost leaves . The head has lance-shaped leaflike phyllaries which may be up to 5 centimeters long . There are 5 to 8 yellow ray florets which measure about 1.5 centimeters in length , and many yellow disc florets in the center . The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long tipped with a short pappus . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Two_and_a_Half_Men", "Me_and_the_Boys_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "List_of_Two_and_a_Half_Men_characters", "World_War_One_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "On_the_Spot_-LRB-Canadian_TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22 , 2003 to February 19 , 2015 . Originally starring Charlie Sheen , Jon Cryer , and Angus T. Jones , the series was about a hedonistic jingle writer , Charlie Harper ; his uptight brother Alan ; and Alan 's troublesome son Jake . After Alan divorces , he moves with his son to share Charlie 's beachfront Malibu house and complicates Charlie 's freewheeling life . In 2010 , CBS and Warner Bros. . Television reached a multiyear broadcasting agreement for the series , renewing it through at least the 2011 -- 12 season . In February 2011 , however , CBS and Warner Bros. decided to end production for the rest of the eighth season after Sheen entered drug rehabilitation and made `` disparaging comments '' about the series ' creator and executive producer Chuck Lorre . Sheen 's contract was terminated the following month and he was confirmed not to be returning to the series . Ashton Kutcher was hired to replace him the following season as Walden Schmidt , a billionaire who buys Charlie 's house after his death . In April 2013 , CBS renewed the series for an eleventh season after closing one-year deals with Kutcher and Cryer . Jones , who was attending college , was relegated to recurring status for season 11 , but never made an appearance until the series finale . He was replaced by Jenny -LRB- Amber Tamblyn -RRB- , Charlie 's previously unknown daughter . In March 2014 , CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season , which was later announced to be the series ' last . The season began airing in October 2014 and concluded in February 2015 with the 40-minute series finale `` Of Course He 's Dead '' . The success of the series led to it being the fourth-highest revenue-generating program for 2012 , earning $ 3.24 million an episode . ", "Me and the Boys is an American sitcom that aired on the ABC network from September 20 , 1994 until February 28 , 1995 . The series features comedian Steve Harvey , who also served as a writer , in his first starring role . The series was created by Bob Myer , Rob Dames and Lenny Ripps , and produced by a.k.a. Productions and Bob Myer Productions in association with ABC Productions . ", "The American sitcom Two and a Half Men , created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn , premiered on CBS on September 22 , 2003 . The show initially centers on seven characters : brothers Charlie and Alan Harper ; Jake Harper , the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife ; Judith Harper-Melnick , Alan 's first ex-wife , Herb 's ex-wife , and Jake and Milly 's mother ; Rose , one of Charlie 's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him ; Evelyn Harper , Charlie and Alan 's wealthy , five time widowed , bisexual mother , and Jake 's grandmother ; and last of all , Berta , Charlie 's sharp-tongued housekeeper , who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season . In season nine , the show is revamped when Charlie is struck and killed by a moving train . Walden Schmidt replaces him as the new owner of the beach house , a recently divorced internet billionaire . In season eleven , Jake moves to Japan and leaves the series , so to replace `` the half-man '' , Charlie 's long-lost-daughter moves into the beach house after looking for her late father . Over time , several supporting characters have been promoted to starring roles : Berta -LRB- season 1 recurring ; season 2 -- 12 regular -RRB- , Charlie and Alan 's -LRB- and later Walden 's -RRB- sharp-tongued housekeeper ; Kandi -LRB- season 3 recurring ; season 4 regular ; season 10 guest -RRB- , one of Charlie 's former one night stands , and later on , Alan 's second ex-wife ; Chelsea -LRB- season 6 recurring ; season 7 regular ; season 9 guest -RRB- , Charlie 's second most notable love interest -LRB- after Rose -RRB- , and ex-fiancée ; Walden Schmidt -LRB- season 9 -- 12 -RRB- , an internet billionaire who buys Charlie 's beach house after his death ; Jenny -LRB- season 11 -- 12 -RRB- , Charlie 's illegitimate daughter from a one-night stand twenty years before ; last of all , Louis -LRB- season 12 -RRB- , the 6-year-old boy that Walden decides to adopt . The show also features numerous supporting characters , each of whom plays a prominent role in a small group of episodes . ", "World War One is an American documentary television series that was shown on CBS during the 1964 -- 1965 television season to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the war . The series , which was produced by CBS News and featured 26 half-hour episodes , was narrated by Robert Ryan . World War One aired on Tuesday nights at 8 pm Eastern Time , but at mid-season it was moved to Sunday nights at 6:30 pm because it was being beaten in the ratings by the second half-hour of ABC 's Combat ! and the second half-hour of NBC 's Mr. Novak . Re-released in 1995 , the series is available on video tape and DVD but no US video-on-demand services have it . The series is available on YouTube . ", "On the Spot was the first television series made specifically for TV by the National Film Board of Canada , which aired on CBC Television for two seasons from 1953 to 1954 . Each episode reported on a different aspect of life in Canada . The series was originated by Bernard Devlin . Series segments were produced with a three-person crew : a director , cameraman and on-screen host , usually Fred Davis.The series debuted on October 6 , 1953 , at 7:45 pm and ran until June 30 , 1954 for a total of 39 episodes . Episodes were initially 15 minutes in length . However , the NFB asked the CBC to increase the time slot to 30 minutes for the second season . The series changed time slots frequently , playing as late as 11:45 pm on Monday nights before going to Sundays at 4:30 pm . The second season aired on Sundays at 10 pm . Cancelled after the 26 episodes of the second season , On the Spot was replaced by Perspective , a 30-minute show that mixed documentary reports and dramatizations on contemporary Canadian issues . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Airbus_A380", "Aeroflot_Flight_2003", "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Aeroflot_Flight_418" ]

[ "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Aeroflot Flight 2003 was operated on 3 January 1976 by a Tupolev Tu-124 , registration CCCP-45037 , when it crashed 7 km after take-off from Moscow -- Vnukovo Airport -LRB- VKO/UUWW -RRB- , on a domestic flight to Minsk-1 International Airport -LRB- MHP/UMMM -RRB- , and Brest Airport -LRB- BQT/UMBB -RRB- , Belarus . The crash killed all sixty-one on board and one in a house on the ground . ", "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "Aeroflot Flight 418 refers to a Tupolev Tu-154A , registration CCCP-85102 , that was operating the second leg of an international scheduled Luanda -- Malabo -- Tripoli -- Moscow passenger service under the airline 's International Civil Aviation Directorate , and crashed on 1 June 1976 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Bank_of_America", "East_West_Bank", "Fiserv", "Yodlee", "International_Bank_of_Azerbaijan" ]

[ "Bank of America Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as BofA -RRB- is a multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . It is ranked 2nd on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets . As of 2016 , Bank of America was the 26th largest company in the United States by total revenue . In 2016 , it was ranked # 11 on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest companies in the world . Its acquisition of Merrill Lynch in 2008 made it the world 's largest wealth management corporation and a major player in the investment banking market . As of December 31 , 2016 , it had US$ 886.148 billion in assets under management -LRB- AUM -RRB- . As of December 31 , 2016 , the company held 10.73 % of all bank deposits in the United States . It is one of the Big Four banks in the United States , along with Citigroup , JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo -- its main competitors . Bank of America operates -- but does not necessarily maintain retail branches -- in all 50 states of the United States , the District of Columbia and more than 40 other countries . It has a retail banking footprint that serves approximately 46 million consumer and small business relationships at 4,600 banking centers and 15,900 automated teller machines -LRB- ATMs -RRB- . Bank of America provides its products and services through 4,600 retail financial centers , approximately 15,900 automated teller machines , call centers , and online and mobile banking platforms . Its Consumer Real Estate Services segment offers consumer real estate products comprising fixed and adjustable-rate first-lien mortgage loans for home purchase and refinancing needs , home equity lines of credit , and home equity loans . Bank of America has been the subject of many lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the financial crisis , including a record settlement of $ 16.65 billion on August 21 , 2014 . ", "East West Bank is a bank based in the state of California in the United States , with assets of $ 35.3 billion and a market capitalization of over $ 7.4 billion . It was founded to serve the Chinese American community in California , and has over 130 branch locations in the U.S and Greater China , including branches in northern and southern California , Georgia , Nevada , Massachusetts , New York , Texas and Washington . In Greater China , East West 's presence includes full service branches in Hong Kong , Shanghai , Shantou and Shenzhen , and representative offices in Beijing , Chongqing , Guangzhou , Taipei and Xiamen . It is headquartered in Pasadena , California . After its 2009 acquisition from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation of the assets of United Commercial Bank , the resulting bank was projected to start with almost $ 23 billion in assets , putting it ahead of Los Angeles-based City National as the largest bank based in Southern California . The current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is Dominic Ng . ", "Fiserv , Inc. , is an American provider of financial services technology . The company 's clients include banks , thrifts , credit unions , securities broker dealers , leasing and finance companies , and retailers , among others . In October 2015 , American Banker and BAI ranked the company third by revenue among technology providers to U.S. banks . Fiserv reported total revenue of $ 5.51 billion in 2016 . ", "Yodlee is an American software company that develops an account aggregation service that allows users to see their credit card , bank , investment , email , travel reward accounts , etc. on one screen . In addition , Yodlee Labs -LRB- formerly Yodlee MoneyCenter -RRB- , a free web application that helps consumers their finances online , provides features such as bill payment , expense tracking , and investment management -LRB- similar to personal finance services provided by Intuit 's Quicken -RRB- . Yodlee 's Privacy Policy FAQ references Yodlee as a licensee of the TRUSTe Privacy Program . . Part of Yodlee 's business model consists of selling its customer 's financial transaction data to investors . As of 2013 , Yodlee has over 45 million users , and over 150 financial institutions and portals -LRB- including 5 of the top 10 U.S. banks -RRB- offer services powered by Yodlee . Yodlee 's aggregation engine powers several applications for partners , including websites like Money Dashboard , MoneyStrand , Thrive , and several large banks and financial institutions . In 2010 , Yodlee partnered with Y Combinator , providing its financial services platforms to all Y Combinator-funded companies . ", "The International Bank of Azerbaijan is a global financial institution serving consumers , pensioners , small businesses , multi-national corporations and investors . The bank enjoys a unique position in the history of its nation : the institution has played a key role in bringing the country of Azerbaijan , a `` new '' country with an ancient heritage and culture , into the 21st century 's global economy . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Heroes_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "The_Kindness_of_Strangers_-LRB-Heroes-RRB-", "The_Mighty_Heroes", "Wildfire_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Lost_Reputation" ]

[ "Heroes is an American psychological thriller science fiction television drama series created by Tim Kring that appeared on NBC for four seasons from September 25 , 2006 through February 8 , 2010 . The series tells the stories of ordinary people who discover that they had superhuman abilities , and how these abilities take effect in the characters ' lives as they work together to prevent catastrophic futures . The series emulates the aesthetic style and storytelling of American comic books , using multi-episode story arcs that build upon a larger , more encompassing narrative . The series was produced by Tailwind Productions in association with Universal Media Studios . It was filmed primarily in Los Angeles , California . Four complete seasons aired , ending on February 8 , 2010 . The critically acclaimed first season had a run of 23 episodes and garnered an average of 14.3 million viewers in the United States , receiving the highest rating for an NBC drama premiere in five years . The second season of Heroes attracted an average of 13.1 million viewers in the U.S. , and marked NBC 's sole series among the top 20 ranked programs in total viewership for the 2007 -- 2008 season . Heroes has earned a number of awards and nominations , including Primetime Emmy Awards , Golden Globes , People 's Choice Awards , and British Academy Television Awards . An online extension of the series , Heroes 360 Experience , later rebranded as Heroes Evolutions , was created to explore the Heroes universe and provides insight into the show 's mythology . Other official Heroes media include magazines , action figures , tie-in and interactive websites , a mobile game , a novel , clothing and other merchandise . In the fall of 2008 , NBC Digital Entertainment released a series of online content for the summer , including more original web content , wireless iTV interactivity , graphic novels available for mobile viewing and webisodes . A 13-episode miniseries entitled Heroes Reborn premiered on NBC on September 24 , 2015 . Additionally , comic book writer Cullen Bunn will be writing an ongoing comic book continuing Heroes , called Heroes : Season Five ; a release date and artist has yet to be determined . ", "`` The Kindness of Strangers '' is the fourth episode of the second season of the NBC science fiction drama series Heroes . It originally aired on October 15 , 2007 . This episode marks the first appearance of Monica Dawson , played by Dana Davis , who joins the main cast . ", "The Mighty Heroes is an animated television series created by Ralph Bakshi for the Terrytoons company . The original show debuted on CBS , on October 29 , 1966 , and ran for 1 season for 20 episodes . The stories were situated in Good Haven , a fictitious city that was continually beset by various supervillains . When trouble occurred , the city launched a massive fireworks display to summon a quintet of high-flying superheroes into action . ", "Wildfire is a US television series that aired on ABC Family from June 2005 to May 2008 . The show was produced by Lionsgate Television , Piller ² , and The Segan Company -LRB- Michael Piller would later merge Piller ² and The Segan Company to Piller/Segan to produce Greek -RRB- . The show premiered on June 20 , 2005 ; its fourth and final season ended on May 16 , 2008 due to low ratings . Season one averaged just over a million weekly viewers and season two increased to 1.56 million , an increase of over 50 % . Season three dropped back to the first year 's numbers . The theme song is `` Morning Light '' sung by Truman . ", "`` Lost Reputation '' is the fourteenth season premiere of the police procedural television series Law & Order : Special Victims Unit and the 296th overall episode . It originally aired on the NBC on September 26 , 2012 . In the episode , the Special Victims Unit detectives try to stop a growing scandal when Captain Cragen -LRB- Dann Florek -RRB- is arrested for the murder of an escort , Carissa Gibson -LRB- Pippa Black -RRB- . Meanwhile , Detective Nick Amaro -LRB- Danny Pino -RRB- has to juggle trying to solve the case against Cragen without losing his family in the process . The episode was written by show runner/executive producer Warren Leight and Julie Martin and was directed by Michael Slovis . The episode picks up where the thirteenth season ended with `` Rhodium Nights '' , Cragen waking up next to a dead escort and the fallout from that , majority of the guest stars from `` Rhodium Nights '' appearing in `` Lost Reputation '' . `` Lost Reputation '' earned generally positive reviews , critics praising the continuation of the storyline , with Paget Brewster 's and Adam Baldwin 's guest appearances , as well as praising stars Mariska Hargitay and Danny Pino . According to the Nielsen ratings , the episode 's original broadcast with `` Above Suspicion '' following was watched by an average of 7.19 million total viewers and received a 2.1 / 6 % share in the 18 -- 49 age demographic , up slightly from the season thirteen finale . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Physics", "Biology", "BioSystems", "Chemotaxonomy", "Age_-LRB-journal-RRB-" ]

[ "Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . ", "Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms , including their structure , function , growth , evolution , distribution , identification and taxonomy . Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field , composed of many branches and subdisciplines . However , despite the broad scope of biology , there are certain unifying concepts within it that consolidate it into single , coherent field . In general , biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life , genes as the basic unit of heredity , and evolution as the engine that propels the creation of new species . It is also understood today that all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital condition known as homeostasis . Sub-disciplines of biology are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied , the kinds of organisms studied , and the methods used to study them : biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life ; molecular biology studies the complex interactions among biological molecules ; botany studies the biology of plants ; cellular biology examines the basic building-block of all life , the cell ; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of tissues , organs , and organ systems of an organism ; evolutionary biology examines the processes that produced the diversity of life ; and ecology examines how organisms interact in their environment . ", "BioSystems is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering experimental , computational , and theoretical research that links biology , evolution , and the information processing sciences . The link areas form a circle that encompasses the fundamental nature of biological information processing , computational modeling of complex biological systems , evolutionary models of computation , the application of biological principles to the design of novel computing systems , and the use of biomolecular materials to synthesize artificial systems that capture essential principles of natural biological information processing . ", "Merriam-Webster defines chemotaxonomy as the method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of certain compounds among the organisms being classified . Advocates argue that , because proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection than are anatomical features , they are more reliable indicators of genetic relationships . The compounds studied most are proteins , amino acids , nucleic acids , peptides etc. . Physiology is the study of working of organs in a living being . Since working of the organs involves chemicals of the body , these compounds are called biochemical evidences . The study of morphological change has shown that there are changes in the structure of animals which result in evolution . When changes take place in the structure of a living organism , they will naturally be accompanied by changes in the physiological or biochemical processes . John Griffith Vaughan was one of the pioneers of chemotaxonomy . Biochemical Products : The body of any animal in the animal kingdom is made up of a number of chemicals . Of these , only a few biochemical products have been taken into consideration to derive evidence for evolution . Protoplasm : Every living cell , from a bacterium to an elephant , from grasses to the blue whale , has protoplasm . Though the complexity and constituents of the protoplasm increases from lower to higher living organism , the basic compound is always the protoplasm . Evolutionary Significance : From this evidence , it is clear that all living things have a common origin point or a common ancestor , which in turn had protoplasm . Its complexity increased due to changes in the mode of life and habitat . Nucleic Acids : DNA and RNA are the two types of nucleic acids present in all living organisms . They are present in the chromosomes . The structure of these acids has been found to be similar in all animals . DNA always has two chains forming a double helix , and each chain is made up of nucleotides . Each nucleotide has a pentose sugar , a phosphate group , and nitrogenous bases like adenine , guanine , cytosine , and thymine . RNA contains uracil instead of thymine . It has been proved in the laboratory that a single strand of DNA of one species can match with the other strand from another species . If the alleles of the strands of any two species are close , then it can be concluded that these two species are more closely related . Digestive Enzymes : Enzymes are chemical compounds that help in digestion . Proteins are always digested by a particular type of enzymes like pepsin , trypsin , etc. , in all animals from a single celled amoeba to a human being . The complexity in the composition of these enzymes increases from lower to higher organisms but are fundamentally the same . Likewise , carbohydrates are always digested by amylase , and fats by lipase . End Products of Digestion : Irrespective of the type of animal , the end products of protein , carbohydrates and fats are amino acids , simple sugars , and fatty acids respectively . It can thus be comfortably concluded that the similarity of the end products is due to common ancestry . Hormones : Hormones are secretions from ductless glands called the endocrine glands like the thyroid , pituitary , adrenal , etc. . Their chemical nature is the same in all animals . For example , thyroxine is secreted from the thyroid gland , irrespective of what the animal is . It is used to control metabolism in all animals . If a human being is deficient in thyroxine , it is not mandatory that this hormone should be supplemented from another human being . It can be extracted from any mammal and injected into humans for normal metabolism to take place . Likewise , insulin is secreted from the pancreas . If the thyroid gland from a tadpole is removed and replaced with a bovine thyroid gland , normal metabolism will take place and the tadpole will metamorphose into a frog . As there is a fundamental relationship among these animals , such exchange of hormones or glands is possible . Nitrogenous Excretory Products : Mainly three types of nitrogenous waste is excreted by living organisms ; ammonia is a characteristics of aquatic life form , urea is formed by the land and water dwellers , uric acid is excreted by terrestrial life forms . A frog , in its tadpole stage excretes ammonia just like a fish . When it turns into an adult frog and moves to land , it excretes urea instead of ammonia . Thus an aquatic ancestry to land animal is established . A chick on up to its 5th day of development excretes ammonia ; from its 5th to 9th day , urea ; and thereafter , uric acid . Based on these findings , Baldwin sought a biochemical recapitulation in the development of vertebrates with reference to nitrogenous excretory products . Phosphagens : Phosphagens are energy reservoirs of animals . They are present in the muscles . They supply energy for the synthesis of ATP . Generally , there are two types of phosphagens in animals , phosphoarginine -LRB- PA -RRB- in invertebrates and phosphocreatine -LRB- PC -RRB- in vertebrates . Among the echinoderms and prochordates , some have PA and others PC . Only a few have both PA and PC . Biochemically , these two groups are related . This is the most basic proof that the first chordate animals should have been derived only from echinoderm-like ancestors . Body fluid of animals : When the body fluids of both aquatic and terrestrial animals are analyzed , it shows that they resemble sea water in their ionic composition . There is ample evidence that primitive members of most of the phyla lived in the sea in Paleozoic times . It is clear that the first life appeared only in the sea and then evolved onto land . A further point of interest is that the body fluids of most animals contain less magnesium and more potassium than the water of the present-day ocean . In the past , the ocean contained less magnesium and more potassium . Animals ' bodies accumulated more of these minerals due to the structure of DNA , and this characteristic remains so today . When the first life forms appeared in the sea , they acquired the composition of the contemporary sea water , and retained it even after their evolution onto land , as it was a favorable trait . Visual Pigments : In the vertebrates , vision is controlled by two very distinct types of visual pigments , porphyropsin and rhodopsin . They are present in the rods of the retina . Fresh water fishes have porphyropsin ; marine ones and land vertebrates have rhodopsin . In amphibians , a tadpole living in fresh water has porphyropsin , and the adult frog , which lives on land most of the time , has rhodopsin . In catadromous fish , which migrate from fresh water to the sea , the porphyropsin is replaced by rhodopsin . In an anadromous fish , which migrates from the sea to freshwater , the rhodopsin is replaced by porphyropsin . These examples show the freshwater origin of vertebrates . They then deviated into two lines , one leading to marine life and the other to terrestrial life . Serological Evidence : In recent years , experiments made in the composition of blood offer good evidence for evolution . It has been found that blood can be transmitted only between animals that are closely related . The degree of relationship between these animals is determined by what is known as the serological evidence . There are various methods of doing so ; the method employed by George Nuttall is called the precipitation method . In this method , anti-serum of the involved animals has to be prepared . For human study , human blood is collected and allowed to clot . Then , the serum is separated from the erythrocytes . A rabbit is then injected with a small amount of serum at regular intervals , which is allowed to incubate for a few days . This forms antibodies in the rabbit 's body . The rabbit 's blood is then drawn and clotted . The serum separated from the red blood cells is called the anti-human serum . When such a serum is treated with that of blood of monkeys or apes , a clear white precipitate is formed . When the serum is treated with the blood of any other animal like dogs , cats , or cows , no precipitate appears . It can thus be concluded that humans are more closely related to monkeys and apes . As a result , it has been determined that lizards are closely related to snakes , horses to donkeys , dogs to cats , etc. . This systematic position of Limulus was controversial for a long time , but has been found to show that human serum is more closely related to arachnids than to crustaceans . The field of biochemistry has greatly developed since Darwin 's time , and this serological study is one of the most recent pieces of evidence of evolution . A number of biochemical products like nucleic acids , enzymes , hormones and phosphagens clearly show the relationship of all life forms . The composition of body fluid has shown that the first life originated in the oceans . The presence of nitrogenous waste products reveal the aquatic ancestry of vertebrates , and the nature of visual pigments points out the fresh water ancestry of land vertebrates . Serological tests indicate relationships within these animal phyla . ", "Age is a scientific journal focused on the biology of aging and research on biomedical applications that impact aging . This includes evolutionary biology , biophysics , genetics , genomics , proteomics , molecular biology , cell biology , biochemistry , endocrinology , immunology , physiology , pharmacology , neuroscience , and psychology . It is an international peer-reviewed monthly and the official journal of the American Aging Association . It is published by Springer Science + Business Media , and the editor-in-Chief is Donald K. Ingram . According to the 2012 Journal Citation Reports , its impact factor is 4.084 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Physics", "Biology", "BioSystems", "Chemotaxonomy", "Age_-LRB-journal-RRB-" ]

[ "Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . ", "Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms , including their structure , function , growth , evolution , distribution , identification and taxonomy . Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field , composed of many branches and subdisciplines . However , despite the broad scope of biology , there are certain unifying concepts within it that consolidate it into single , coherent field . In general , biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life , genes as the basic unit of heredity , and evolution as the engine that propels the creation of new species . It is also understood today that all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital condition known as homeostasis . Sub-disciplines of biology are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied , the kinds of organisms studied , and the methods used to study them : biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life ; molecular biology studies the complex interactions among biological molecules ; botany studies the biology of plants ; cellular biology examines the basic building-block of all life , the cell ; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of tissues , organs , and organ systems of an organism ; evolutionary biology examines the processes that produced the diversity of life ; and ecology examines how organisms interact in their environment . ", "BioSystems is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering experimental , computational , and theoretical research that links biology , evolution , and the information processing sciences . The link areas form a circle that encompasses the fundamental nature of biological information processing , computational modeling of complex biological systems , evolutionary models of computation , the application of biological principles to the design of novel computing systems , and the use of biomolecular materials to synthesize artificial systems that capture essential principles of natural biological information processing . ", "Merriam-Webster defines chemotaxonomy as the method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of certain compounds among the organisms being classified . Advocates argue that , because proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection than are anatomical features , they are more reliable indicators of genetic relationships . The compounds studied most are proteins , amino acids , nucleic acids , peptides etc. . Physiology is the study of working of organs in a living being . Since working of the organs involves chemicals of the body , these compounds are called biochemical evidences . The study of morphological change has shown that there are changes in the structure of animals which result in evolution . When changes take place in the structure of a living organism , they will naturally be accompanied by changes in the physiological or biochemical processes . John Griffith Vaughan was one of the pioneers of chemotaxonomy . Biochemical Products : The body of any animal in the animal kingdom is made up of a number of chemicals . Of these , only a few biochemical products have been taken into consideration to derive evidence for evolution . Protoplasm : Every living cell , from a bacterium to an elephant , from grasses to the blue whale , has protoplasm . Though the complexity and constituents of the protoplasm increases from lower to higher living organism , the basic compound is always the protoplasm . Evolutionary Significance : From this evidence , it is clear that all living things have a common origin point or a common ancestor , which in turn had protoplasm . Its complexity increased due to changes in the mode of life and habitat . Nucleic Acids : DNA and RNA are the two types of nucleic acids present in all living organisms . They are present in the chromosomes . The structure of these acids has been found to be similar in all animals . DNA always has two chains forming a double helix , and each chain is made up of nucleotides . Each nucleotide has a pentose sugar , a phosphate group , and nitrogenous bases like adenine , guanine , cytosine , and thymine . RNA contains uracil instead of thymine . It has been proved in the laboratory that a single strand of DNA of one species can match with the other strand from another species . If the alleles of the strands of any two species are close , then it can be concluded that these two species are more closely related . Digestive Enzymes : Enzymes are chemical compounds that help in digestion . Proteins are always digested by a particular type of enzymes like pepsin , trypsin , etc. , in all animals from a single celled amoeba to a human being . The complexity in the composition of these enzymes increases from lower to higher organisms but are fundamentally the same . Likewise , carbohydrates are always digested by amylase , and fats by lipase . End Products of Digestion : Irrespective of the type of animal , the end products of protein , carbohydrates and fats are amino acids , simple sugars , and fatty acids respectively . It can thus be comfortably concluded that the similarity of the end products is due to common ancestry . Hormones : Hormones are secretions from ductless glands called the endocrine glands like the thyroid , pituitary , adrenal , etc. . Their chemical nature is the same in all animals . For example , thyroxine is secreted from the thyroid gland , irrespective of what the animal is . It is used to control metabolism in all animals . If a human being is deficient in thyroxine , it is not mandatory that this hormone should be supplemented from another human being . It can be extracted from any mammal and injected into humans for normal metabolism to take place . Likewise , insulin is secreted from the pancreas . If the thyroid gland from a tadpole is removed and replaced with a bovine thyroid gland , normal metabolism will take place and the tadpole will metamorphose into a frog . As there is a fundamental relationship among these animals , such exchange of hormones or glands is possible . Nitrogenous Excretory Products : Mainly three types of nitrogenous waste is excreted by living organisms ; ammonia is a characteristics of aquatic life form , urea is formed by the land and water dwellers , uric acid is excreted by terrestrial life forms . A frog , in its tadpole stage excretes ammonia just like a fish . When it turns into an adult frog and moves to land , it excretes urea instead of ammonia . Thus an aquatic ancestry to land animal is established . A chick on up to its 5th day of development excretes ammonia ; from its 5th to 9th day , urea ; and thereafter , uric acid . Based on these findings , Baldwin sought a biochemical recapitulation in the development of vertebrates with reference to nitrogenous excretory products . Phosphagens : Phosphagens are energy reservoirs of animals . They are present in the muscles . They supply energy for the synthesis of ATP . Generally , there are two types of phosphagens in animals , phosphoarginine -LRB- PA -RRB- in invertebrates and phosphocreatine -LRB- PC -RRB- in vertebrates . Among the echinoderms and prochordates , some have PA and others PC . Only a few have both PA and PC . Biochemically , these two groups are related . This is the most basic proof that the first chordate animals should have been derived only from echinoderm-like ancestors . Body fluid of animals : When the body fluids of both aquatic and terrestrial animals are analyzed , it shows that they resemble sea water in their ionic composition . There is ample evidence that primitive members of most of the phyla lived in the sea in Paleozoic times . It is clear that the first life appeared only in the sea and then evolved onto land . A further point of interest is that the body fluids of most animals contain less magnesium and more potassium than the water of the present-day ocean . In the past , the ocean contained less magnesium and more potassium . Animals ' bodies accumulated more of these minerals due to the structure of DNA , and this characteristic remains so today . When the first life forms appeared in the sea , they acquired the composition of the contemporary sea water , and retained it even after their evolution onto land , as it was a favorable trait . Visual Pigments : In the vertebrates , vision is controlled by two very distinct types of visual pigments , porphyropsin and rhodopsin . They are present in the rods of the retina . Fresh water fishes have porphyropsin ; marine ones and land vertebrates have rhodopsin . In amphibians , a tadpole living in fresh water has porphyropsin , and the adult frog , which lives on land most of the time , has rhodopsin . In catadromous fish , which migrate from fresh water to the sea , the porphyropsin is replaced by rhodopsin . In an anadromous fish , which migrates from the sea to freshwater , the rhodopsin is replaced by porphyropsin . These examples show the freshwater origin of vertebrates . They then deviated into two lines , one leading to marine life and the other to terrestrial life . Serological Evidence : In recent years , experiments made in the composition of blood offer good evidence for evolution . It has been found that blood can be transmitted only between animals that are closely related . The degree of relationship between these animals is determined by what is known as the serological evidence . There are various methods of doing so ; the method employed by George Nuttall is called the precipitation method . In this method , anti-serum of the involved animals has to be prepared . For human study , human blood is collected and allowed to clot . Then , the serum is separated from the erythrocytes . A rabbit is then injected with a small amount of serum at regular intervals , which is allowed to incubate for a few days . This forms antibodies in the rabbit 's body . The rabbit 's blood is then drawn and clotted . The serum separated from the red blood cells is called the anti-human serum . When such a serum is treated with that of blood of monkeys or apes , a clear white precipitate is formed . When the serum is treated with the blood of any other animal like dogs , cats , or cows , no precipitate appears . It can thus be concluded that humans are more closely related to monkeys and apes . As a result , it has been determined that lizards are closely related to snakes , horses to donkeys , dogs to cats , etc. . This systematic position of Limulus was controversial for a long time , but has been found to show that human serum is more closely related to arachnids than to crustaceans . The field of biochemistry has greatly developed since Darwin 's time , and this serological study is one of the most recent pieces of evidence of evolution . A number of biochemical products like nucleic acids , enzymes , hormones and phosphagens clearly show the relationship of all life forms . The composition of body fluid has shown that the first life originated in the oceans . The presence of nitrogenous waste products reveal the aquatic ancestry of vertebrates , and the nature of visual pigments points out the fresh water ancestry of land vertebrates . Serological tests indicate relationships within these animal phyla . ", "Age is a scientific journal focused on the biology of aging and research on biomedical applications that impact aging . This includes evolutionary biology , biophysics , genetics , genomics , proteomics , molecular biology , cell biology , biochemistry , endocrinology , immunology , physiology , pharmacology , neuroscience , and psychology . It is an international peer-reviewed monthly and the official journal of the American Aging Association . It is published by Springer Science + Business Media , and the editor-in-Chief is Donald K. Ingram . According to the 2012 Journal Citation Reports , its impact factor is 4.084 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Leslie_Alexander_-LRB-businessman-RRB-", "Leslie_Pyfer", "Alexander_Molev", "Alexander_M._Campbell", "Alexander_Tikhonov" ]

[ "Leslie L. Alexander -LRB- born 1944 -RRB- is an American attorney , businessman and financier . He is a former bond trader from New Jersey who owns the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- team Houston Rockets . ", "Leslie Pyfer -LRB- born c. 1963 -RRB- is a former artistic gymnast . Pyfer won the USA Gymnastics National Championship in 1979 . She competed for the United States at the 1978 and 1979 World Championships . ", "Alexander Ivanovich Molev -LRB- Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Мо́лев born 1961 -RRB- is a Russian-Australian mathematician . He completed his Ph.D. in 1986 under the supervision of Alexandre Kirillov at Moscow State University . He was awarded the Australian Mathematical Society Medal in 2001 . Amongst other things , he has worked on Yangians and Lie algebras . He is currently a Professor in the School of Mathematics and Statistics , Faculty of Science , University of Sydney . ", "Alexander M. Campbell -LRB- 19071975 -RRB- was an Indiana lawyer who served in the United States Department of Justice as Assistant U.S. Attorney General for the Criminal Division , formally from August 1948 through December 20 , 1949 , under Tom C. Clark as U.S. Attorney General -LRB- 1945 -- 49 -RRB- . ", "Alexander Ivanovich Tikhonov -LRB- Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Ти́хонов born 2 January 1947 -RRB- is a former Soviet biathlete . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Bank_of_America", "East_West_Bank", "Alternative_financial_services_in_the_United_States", "Amegy_Bank_of_Texas", "American_Trucker_Magazine" ]

[ "Bank of America Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as BofA -RRB- is a multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . It is ranked 2nd on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets . As of 2016 , Bank of America was the 26th largest company in the United States by total revenue . In 2016 , it was ranked # 11 on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest companies in the world . Its acquisition of Merrill Lynch in 2008 made it the world 's largest wealth management corporation and a major player in the investment banking market . As of December 31 , 2016 , it had US$ 886.148 billion in assets under management -LRB- AUM -RRB- . As of December 31 , 2016 , the company held 10.73 % of all bank deposits in the United States . It is one of the Big Four banks in the United States , along with Citigroup , JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo -- its main competitors . Bank of America operates -- but does not necessarily maintain retail branches -- in all 50 states of the United States , the District of Columbia and more than 40 other countries . It has a retail banking footprint that serves approximately 46 million consumer and small business relationships at 4,600 banking centers and 15,900 automated teller machines -LRB- ATMs -RRB- . Bank of America provides its products and services through 4,600 retail financial centers , approximately 15,900 automated teller machines , call centers , and online and mobile banking platforms . Its Consumer Real Estate Services segment offers consumer real estate products comprising fixed and adjustable-rate first-lien mortgage loans for home purchase and refinancing needs , home equity lines of credit , and home equity loans . Bank of America has been the subject of many lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the financial crisis , including a record settlement of $ 16.65 billion on August 21 , 2014 . ", "East West Bank is a bank based in the state of California in the United States , with assets of $ 35.3 billion and a market capitalization of over $ 7.4 billion . It was founded to serve the Chinese American community in California , and has over 130 branch locations in the U.S and Greater China , including branches in northern and southern California , Georgia , Nevada , Massachusetts , New York , Texas and Washington . In Greater China , East West 's presence includes full service branches in Hong Kong , Shanghai , Shantou and Shenzhen , and representative offices in Beijing , Chongqing , Guangzhou , Taipei and Xiamen . It is headquartered in Pasadena , California . After its 2009 acquisition from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation of the assets of United Commercial Bank , the resulting bank was projected to start with almost $ 23 billion in assets , putting it ahead of Los Angeles-based City National as the largest bank based in Southern California . The current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is Dominic Ng . ", "Alternative financial services in the United States refers to a particular type of financial service , namely subprime or near-prime lending -LRB- that is , lending to people with relatively poor credit -RRB- by non-bank financial institutions . This branch of the financial services industry is more extensive in the United States than in some other countries , because the major banks in the U.S. are less willing to lend to people with marginal credit ratings than their counterparts in many other countries . Examples of these companies include Springleaf Financial , Duvera Financial , Inc. , Lendmark Financial Services , Inc. , HSBC Finance , CIT , CitiFinancial , Wells Fargo Financial , and Monterey Financial Services , Inc. . The more generic name `` consumer finance '' is also used , although more properly this term applies to financing for any type of consumer . ", "Amegy Bank of Texas -LRB- previously known as Southwest Bank of Texas -RRB- is a US bank operating in Texas that is a subsidiary of Zions Bancorporation . It is headquartered in the Five Post Oak Park building in the Post Oak Park business park in Houston , Texas . As of 2005 it was the largest bank in Houston . As of 2010 , the bank has USD $ 11 billion in assets , 80 locations and 2000 employees within the state of Texas . ", "In the mid 1980s , American Trucker Magazine -LRB- ATM -RRB- had a circulation of well over 100,000 . The magazine was sold in more than 150 truck stops across the United States . Many of the truck stops that sold ATM were concentrated in the West , Midwest , on across I-80 through Pennsylvania and New York State . The biggest concentration of participating truck stops were across the southern states from California east through Arizona , New Mexico , through Texas ; Louisiana ; Mississippi ; Alabama ; Tennessee ; Georgia and Florida . American Trucker began in 1977 , as a Newsprint , loose page fold-over , called Mother Trucker News . The publishers were two friends , Steve Kreger and Bud Feldkamp who met while students at Loma Linda University in San Bernardino , California . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Yugoslavia", "Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia", "Italy–Yugoslavia_relations", "Yugoslavia_national_rugby_union_team", "Line_of_succession_to_the_former_Yugoslav_throne" ]

[ "Yugoslavia -LRB- Jugoslavija / Југославија , Jugoslavija , Југославија -RRB- was a country in Southeast Europe during most of the 20th century . It came into existence after World War I in 1918 under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs -LRB- itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire -RRB- with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia . The Serbian royal House of Karađorđević became the Yugoslav royal dynasty . Yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 July 1922 at the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris . The country was named after the South Slavic peoples and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary . Renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia on 3 October 1929 , it was invaded by the Axis powers on 6 April 1941 . In 1943 , a Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was proclaimed by the Partisan resistance . In 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in November 1945 the monarchy was abolished . Yugoslavia was renamed the Federal People 's Republic of Yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . It acquired the territories of Istria , Rijeka , and Zadar from Italy . Partisan leader Josip Broz Tito ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . In 1963 , the country was renamed again as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -LRB- SFRY -RRB- . The constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina , SR Croatia , SR Macedonia , SR Montenegro , SR Serbia , and SR Slovenia . Serbia contained two Socialist Autonomous Provinces , Vojvodina and Kosovo , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . After an economic and political crisis in the 1980s and the rise of nationalism , Yugoslavia broke up along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the Yugoslav Wars . After the breakup , the republics of Serbia and Montenegro formed a reduced federation , the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -LRB- FRY -RRB- , which aspired to the status of sole legal successor to the SFRY , but those claims were opposed by the other former republics . Eventually , Serbia and Montenegro accepted the opinion of the Badinter Arbitration Committee about shared succession . Serbia and Montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while Kosovo proclaimed independence in 2008 . ", "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia -LRB- Kraljevina Jugoslavija , Краљевина Југославија , `` Kingdom of South Slavia '' -RRB- was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe , that existed during the interwar period -LRB- 1918 -- 1939 -RRB- and first half of World War II -LRB- 1939 -- 1943 -RRB- . It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs -LRB- itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire -RRB- with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia . The Kingdom of Montenegro had united with Serbia five days previously , while the regions of Kosovo , Vojvodina and Vardar Macedonia were parts of Serbia prior to the unification . For its first eleven years of existence , the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes , but the term `` Yugoslavia '' was its colloquial name from its origins . The official name of the state was changed to `` Kingdom of Yugoslavia '' by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929 . The state was ruled by the Serbian dynasty of Karađorđević , which previously ruled the Kingdom of Serbia under Peter I from 1903 -LRB- after the May Overthrow -RRB- onwards . Peter I became the first king of Yugoslavia until his death in 1921 . He was succeeded by his son Alexander I , who had been regent for his father . He was known as `` Alexander the Unifier '' and he renamed the kingdom `` Yugoslavia '' in 1929 . He was assassinated in Marseille by Vlado Chernozemski , a member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization -LRB- IMRO -RRB- , during his visit to France in 1934 . The crown passed to his then-still under-aged son Peter . His cousin Paul ruled as Prince regent until 1941 , when Peter II would come of age . The royal family flew to London the same year , prior to the country being invaded by the Axis powers . In April 1941 , the country was occupied and partitioned by the Axis powers . A royal government-in-exile , recognized by the United Kingdom and , later , by all the Allied powers , was established in London . In 1944 , after pressure from the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , the King recognized the government of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia as the legitimate government . This was established on 2 November following the signing of the Treaty of Vis by Ivan Šubašić -LRB- on behalf of the Kingdom -RRB- and Josip Broz Tito -LRB- on behalf of the Yugoslav Partisans -RRB- . ", "Italy -- Yugoslavia relations are the cultural and political relations between Italy and Yugoslavia in the 20th century , since the creation of Yugoslavia in 1918 until its dissolution in 1992 . ", "The Yugoslavia national rugby union team used to represent Yugoslavia at Rugby union until the 1990s . ", "The Yugoslav monarchy was abolished by the then-ruling Communist regime on 29 December 1945 , on the second anniversary of the Second Session of the AVNOJ . The current pretender to the defunct throne of Yugoslavia is Crown Prince Alexander . However Yugoslavia is now a defunct state and questions remain whether there is claim to the Serbian throne . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Gettysburg_Address", "1865_State_of_the_Union_Address", "By_the_People_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Jay_D._Scott", "William_H._Tipton" ]

[ "The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln , one of the best-known in American history . It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War , on the afternoon of Thursday , November 19 , 1863 , at the dedication of the Soldiers ' National Cemetery in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg . Abraham Lincoln 's carefully crafted address , secondary to other presentations that day , was one of the greatest and most influential statements of national purpose . In just over two minutes , Lincoln reiterated the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and proclaimed the Civil War as a struggle for the preservation of the Union sundered by the secession crisis , with `` a new birth of freedom '' that would bring true equality to all of its citizens . Lincoln also redefined the Civil War as a struggle not just for the Union , but also for the principle of human equality . Beginning with the now-iconic phrase `` Four score and seven years ago '' -- referring to the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 -- Lincoln examined the founding principles of the United States as stated in the Declaration of Independence . In the context of the Civil War , Lincoln also memorialized the sacrifices of those who gave their lives at Gettysburg and extolled virtues for the listeners -LRB- and the nation -RRB- to ensure the survival of America 's representative democracy : that `` government of the people , by the people , for the people , shall not perish from the earth . '' Despite the speech 's prominent place in the history and popular culture of the United States , the exact wording and location of the speech are disputed . The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln 's hand differ in a number of details , and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the speech . Modern scholarship locates the speakers ' platform 40 yards -LRB- or more -RRB- away from the Traditional Site within Soldiers ' National Cemetery at the Soldiers ' National Monument and entirely within private , adjacent Evergreen Cemetery . ", "The 1865 State of the Union Address was written by the 17th President of the United States , Andrew Johnson . It was presented to the United States Congress on December 4 , 1865 . He stated , `` Our thoughts next revert to the death of the late President by an act of parricidal treason . The grief of the nation is still fresh . It finds some solace in the consideration that he lived to enjoy the highest proof of its confidence by entering on the renewed term of the Chief Magistracy to which he had been elected ; that he brought the civil war substantially to a close ; that his loss was deplored in all parts of the Union , and that foreign nations have rendered justice to his memory . '' The American Civil War had ended , and now it was time for the Reconstruction era to begin . ", "By the People is a 2005 Malayalam movie sequel to the film 4 the People . By the People may also refer to : A Gettysburg Address phrase : `` government of the people , by the people , for the people '' By the People : The Election of Barack Obama , a documentary on the election on Barack Obama to the presidency of the United States ", "Jay D. Scott -LRB- August 21 , 1952 - June 14 , 2001 -RRB- was executed by the U.S. state of Ohio for the 1983 murder of a delicatessen owner in Cleveland . He was the second man put to death by Ohio since it reinstated the death penalty in 1981 and the first to be executed involuntarily . On May 6 , 1983 , Vinnie M. Price , owner and operator of the V & E Delicatessen in Cleveland , was shot and killed during an attempted armed robbery of her establishment . An autopsy later revealed that she died from a gunshot wound of the chest . A nearby resident testified that while walking back to her home after shopping at a local market , she noticed a greenish-blue Cadillac without a rear license plate pull up across from her house . She observed two men inside the car ; one behind the wheel and the other in the back seat . She later observed another man come over a nearby fence and dive through the open window of the Cadillac . The car then drove away . Sometime after this incident , police received a telephone call from Ricky Tramble and a meeting between them was arranged . As a result , they began looking for the Cadillac used in the crime , and several suspects . Tramble testified at trial that he informed the detective that on the day Vinnie Price was killed , he was with Edward O'Neal , Michael Streeter , Danny Jones and Jay D. Scott at O'Neal 's girlfriend 's . Tramble stated that he had overheard Scott say , `` Well , I did what I had to do . She should n't have made me move like that . Fuck it . It 's over with . '' Scott professed to be `` a stick-up man . '' Tramble related that O'Neal had informed him the next day of their involvement in the V & E Delicatessen incident , including the shooting of Price . Jones and O'Neal were arrested and gave statements to police that Scott shot Prince . On May 17 , 1983 , the grand jury charged Scott with aggravated murder with an aggravated robbery specification and a firearm specification and aggravated robbery . Also charged in the same indictments were co-defendants Danny Jones , Edward O'Neal and Michael Streeter . On November 10 , 1983 , Scott was apprehended in Philadelphia . During the trip back to Cleveland , he inquired who was using his name in connection with a homicide and robbery . Up to this point , the arresting officers had informed Scott that he was wanted in connection with a homicide , but made no mention of the fact that he was also charged with aggravated robbery . Scott maintained that he had been in Reading , Pennsylvania when the incident occurred . On November 23 , 1983 , Scott entered a plea of not guilty at his arraignment March 23 , 1984 , after a trial by jury , he was found guilty as to all counts and specifications . On March 28 , 1984 , the jury recommended the sentence of death . On April 4 , 1984 , Judge Joseph McManamon accepted the jury 's recommendation and ordered that Scott be put to death . His co-conspirators in the robbery and killing all received life prison terms . Scott 's attorneys took his case through the appellate system four times , going all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court , unsuccessfully arguing that Scott should not be executed because he suffered from chronic schizophrenia . They said the execution would violate the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment . Scott twice came within moments of being executed before he was finally put to death on June 14 , 2001 . On April 17 , 2001 Scott 's execution was stopped 65 minutes before it was expected to happen . On May 15 , 2001 , the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals stepped in and the execution was halted at 8:57 p.m. Scott already had the injection shunts in his arms . ", "William H. Tipton -LRB- August 5 , 1850 -- September 20 , 1929 -RRB- was a noted American photographer of the second half of the 19th century , most noted for his extensive early photography of the Gettysburg Battlefield and the borough of Gettysburg , Pennsylvania . Tipton was born in Gettysburg . He studied photography as the apprentice of Charles and Isaac Tyson , who were among the earliest Gettysburg photographers . In 1868 , Tipton purchased much of assets of the Tyson studio and went into business for himself . He became quite popular as an outdoor portrait photographer , taking thousands of photographs of visitors to the Gettysburg battlefield , where he established Tipton Park . By 1888 , he had produced an estimated 5,000 views of the battlefield of Gettysburg and more than 100,000 portraits . He eventually became one of America 's best known photographers , but images of Civil War battlefields remained a mainstay , including Antietam and Harpers Ferry . He is interred in Evergreen Cemetery in Gettysburg . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 1 ]

[ "Gettysburg_Address", "1865_State_of_the_Union_Address", "By_the_People_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Jay_D._Scott", "William_H._Tipton" ]

[ "The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln , one of the best-known in American history . It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War , on the afternoon of Thursday , November 19 , 1863 , at the dedication of the Soldiers ' National Cemetery in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg . Abraham Lincoln 's carefully crafted address , secondary to other presentations that day , was one of the greatest and most influential statements of national purpose . In just over two minutes , Lincoln reiterated the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and proclaimed the Civil War as a struggle for the preservation of the Union sundered by the secession crisis , with `` a new birth of freedom '' that would bring true equality to all of its citizens . Lincoln also redefined the Civil War as a struggle not just for the Union , but also for the principle of human equality . Beginning with the now-iconic phrase `` Four score and seven years ago '' -- referring to the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 -- Lincoln examined the founding principles of the United States as stated in the Declaration of Independence . In the context of the Civil War , Lincoln also memorialized the sacrifices of those who gave their lives at Gettysburg and extolled virtues for the listeners -LRB- and the nation -RRB- to ensure the survival of America 's representative democracy : that `` government of the people , by the people , for the people , shall not perish from the earth . '' Despite the speech 's prominent place in the history and popular culture of the United States , the exact wording and location of the speech are disputed . The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln 's hand differ in a number of details , and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the speech . Modern scholarship locates the speakers ' platform 40 yards -LRB- or more -RRB- away from the Traditional Site within Soldiers ' National Cemetery at the Soldiers ' National Monument and entirely within private , adjacent Evergreen Cemetery . ", "The 1865 State of the Union Address was written by the 17th President of the United States , Andrew Johnson . It was presented to the United States Congress on December 4 , 1865 . He stated , `` Our thoughts next revert to the death of the late President by an act of parricidal treason . The grief of the nation is still fresh . It finds some solace in the consideration that he lived to enjoy the highest proof of its confidence by entering on the renewed term of the Chief Magistracy to which he had been elected ; that he brought the civil war substantially to a close ; that his loss was deplored in all parts of the Union , and that foreign nations have rendered justice to his memory . '' The American Civil War had ended , and now it was time for the Reconstruction era to begin . ", "By the People is a 2005 Malayalam movie sequel to the film 4 the People . By the People may also refer to : A Gettysburg Address phrase : `` government of the people , by the people , for the people '' By the People : The Election of Barack Obama , a documentary on the election on Barack Obama to the presidency of the United States ", "Jay D. Scott -LRB- August 21 , 1952 - June 14 , 2001 -RRB- was executed by the U.S. state of Ohio for the 1983 murder of a delicatessen owner in Cleveland . He was the second man put to death by Ohio since it reinstated the death penalty in 1981 and the first to be executed involuntarily . On May 6 , 1983 , Vinnie M. Price , owner and operator of the V & E Delicatessen in Cleveland , was shot and killed during an attempted armed robbery of her establishment . An autopsy later revealed that she died from a gunshot wound of the chest . A nearby resident testified that while walking back to her home after shopping at a local market , she noticed a greenish-blue Cadillac without a rear license plate pull up across from her house . She observed two men inside the car ; one behind the wheel and the other in the back seat . She later observed another man come over a nearby fence and dive through the open window of the Cadillac . The car then drove away . Sometime after this incident , police received a telephone call from Ricky Tramble and a meeting between them was arranged . As a result , they began looking for the Cadillac used in the crime , and several suspects . Tramble testified at trial that he informed the detective that on the day Vinnie Price was killed , he was with Edward O'Neal , Michael Streeter , Danny Jones and Jay D. Scott at O'Neal 's girlfriend 's . Tramble stated that he had overheard Scott say , `` Well , I did what I had to do . She should n't have made me move like that . Fuck it . It 's over with . '' Scott professed to be `` a stick-up man . '' Tramble related that O'Neal had informed him the next day of their involvement in the V & E Delicatessen incident , including the shooting of Price . Jones and O'Neal were arrested and gave statements to police that Scott shot Prince . On May 17 , 1983 , the grand jury charged Scott with aggravated murder with an aggravated robbery specification and a firearm specification and aggravated robbery . Also charged in the same indictments were co-defendants Danny Jones , Edward O'Neal and Michael Streeter . On November 10 , 1983 , Scott was apprehended in Philadelphia . During the trip back to Cleveland , he inquired who was using his name in connection with a homicide and robbery . Up to this point , the arresting officers had informed Scott that he was wanted in connection with a homicide , but made no mention of the fact that he was also charged with aggravated robbery . Scott maintained that he had been in Reading , Pennsylvania when the incident occurred . On November 23 , 1983 , Scott entered a plea of not guilty at his arraignment March 23 , 1984 , after a trial by jury , he was found guilty as to all counts and specifications . On March 28 , 1984 , the jury recommended the sentence of death . On April 4 , 1984 , Judge Joseph McManamon accepted the jury 's recommendation and ordered that Scott be put to death . His co-conspirators in the robbery and killing all received life prison terms . Scott 's attorneys took his case through the appellate system four times , going all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court , unsuccessfully arguing that Scott should not be executed because he suffered from chronic schizophrenia . They said the execution would violate the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment . Scott twice came within moments of being executed before he was finally put to death on June 14 , 2001 . On April 17 , 2001 Scott 's execution was stopped 65 minutes before it was expected to happen . On May 15 , 2001 , the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals stepped in and the execution was halted at 8:57 p.m. Scott already had the injection shunts in his arms . ", "William H. Tipton -LRB- August 5 , 1850 -- September 20 , 1929 -RRB- was a noted American photographer of the second half of the 19th century , most noted for his extensive early photography of the Gettysburg Battlefield and the borough of Gettysburg , Pennsylvania . Tipton was born in Gettysburg . He studied photography as the apprentice of Charles and Isaac Tyson , who were among the earliest Gettysburg photographers . In 1868 , Tipton purchased much of assets of the Tyson studio and went into business for himself . He became quite popular as an outdoor portrait photographer , taking thousands of photographs of visitors to the Gettysburg battlefield , where he established Tipton Park . By 1888 , he had produced an estimated 5,000 views of the battlefield of Gettysburg and more than 100,000 portraits . He eventually became one of America 's best known photographers , but images of Civil War battlefields remained a mainstay , including Antietam and Harpers Ferry . He is interred in Evergreen Cemetery in Gettysburg . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 1 ]

[ "John_Frusciante", "Benedict_T._Viviano", "The_Gospel_of_John_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Jim_Caviezel", "Aibert" ]

[ "John Anthony Frusciante -LRB- -LSB- fruːˈʃɑːnteɪ -RSB- born March 5 , 1970 -RRB- is an American guitarist , singer , producer and composer . He is best known as the former guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers , from 1988 until 1992 , and again from 1998 until 2009 . He recorded five studio albums with them . Frusciante has an active solo career , having released eleven solo albums and five EPs ; his recordings include elements ranging from experimental rock and ambient music to new wave and electronica . In 2015 , Frusciante released his debut acid house album under his alias , Trickfinger . He has also recorded with numerous other artists , including The Mars Volta , for whom he was a studio guitarist -LRB- and occasional live performer -RRB- from 2002 until 2008 ; Josh Klinghoffer and Joe Lally , with whom he released two albums as Ataxia ; and various collaborations with both Klinghoffer and Omar Rodríguez-López . He has also produced and/or recorded with Duran Duran , Wu-Tang Clan , The Mars Volta and Omar Rodriguez Lopez , Swahili Blonde , Black Knights , The Bicycle Thief , Glenn Hughes , Ziggy Marley , Johnny Cash , George Clinton , Johnny Marr and others . At the age of eighteen , he joined the Red Hot Chili Peppers , first appearing on the band 's 1989 album , Mother 's Milk . The group 's follow-up album , Blood Sugar Sex Magik -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , was a breakthrough success . Frusciante became overwhelmed by the band 's new popularity and quit in 1992 . He became a recluse and entered a long period of drug addiction , during which he released his first solo recordings : Niandra Lades and Usually Just a T-Shirt -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and Smile from the Streets You Hold -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , he successfully completed drug rehabilitation and rejoined the Red Hot Chili Peppers . Their next album , Californication -LRB- 1999 -RRB- would eventually go on to sell 16 million copies . His album To Record Only Water for Ten Days was released in 2001 . A fourth album with the Chili Peppers , By the Way was released in 2002 . On a creative spree , Frusciante released six solo albums in 2004 ; each album explored different recording techniques and genres . 2006 saw the release of his fifth and final album with the Chili Peppers , Stadium Arcadium . In 2009 , Frusciante released The Empyrean , which features Flea and Josh Klinghoffer , and announced he had again parted ways with the Chili Peppers . Frusciante has received critical recognition for his guitar playing , ranking at number 18 on Rolling Stones list of `` The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' in 2003 ; and again in a second list published in 2011 , where he ranked at number 72 . He was ranked as number 42 in Gibson 's list of the `` 50 Best Guitarists of All Time '' . He was voted `` The Best Guitarist of the Last 30 Years '' in a 2010 BBC poll called `` The Axe Factor '' . Frusciante was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Red Hot Chili Peppers on April 14 , 2012 although he did not attend the ceremony . ", "Benedict Thomas Viviano , O.P. -LRB- born January 22 , 1940 -RRB- a New Testament scholar and author , is a member of the Chicago Province of the Dominican Order of the Roman Catholic Church . He was on the faculty of the University of Fribourg , Switzerland , as a full professor of New Testament , teaching in the French language . Before teaching in Fribourg , he taught for 11 years at the Ecole Biblique in Jerusalem , and 12 years at Aquinas Institute of Theology in St. Louis . He was vice president of the Tantur Ecumenical Institute for Theological Studies in Jerusalem . He is probably best known for his book The Kingdom of God in History and the St. Matthew section of the New Jerome Bible Commentary . ", "The Gospel of John is a 2003 film that is the story of Jesus ' life as recounted by the Gospel of John . It is a motion picture that has been adapted for the screen on a word-for-word basis from the American Bible Society 's Good News Bible . This three-hour epic feature film follows John 's Gospel precisely , without additions to the story from other Gospels , or omission of complex passages . This film was created by a constituency of artists from Canada and the United Kingdom , along with academic and theological consultants from around the world . The cast was selected primarily from the Stratford Shakespeare Festival and Soulpepper Theatre Company , as well as Britain 's Royal Shakespeare Company and Royal National Theatre . The musical score , composed by Jeff Danna and created for the film , is partially based on the music of the Biblical period . The film was produced by Visual Bible International . The film is narrated by Christopher Plummer and stars Scottish-Peruvian actor Henry Ian Cusick as Jesus . Others cast include British actors Stuart Bunce -LRB- John -RRB- , Richard Lintern -LRB- Leading Pharisee -RRB- , Scott Handy -LRB- John the Baptist -RRB- , Lynsey Baxter -LRB- Mary Magdalene -RRB- , and Canadian actors Diego Matamoros -LRB- Nicodemus -RRB- , Stephen Russell -LRB- Pontius Pilate -RRB- , Daniel Kash -LRB- Simon Peter -RRB- , Cedric Smith -LRB- Caiaphas -RRB- and Nancy Palk -LRB- Samaritan Woman -RRB- . The film was directed by Philip Saville and co-produced by Canadian producer Garth Drabinsky and British producer Chris Chrisafis . Executive producers were Sandy Pearl , Joel B. Michaels , Myron Gottliel and Martin Katz Also involved were screenwriter John Goldsmith , production designer Don Taylor , sound mixer David Lee , makeup artist Trefor Proud , costume designer Debra Hanson , and director of photography and film editors Miroslaw Baszak and Michel Arcand . The filming production was shot in Toronto , Ontario , and Almeria , Andalucia , Spain . ", "James Patrick `` Jim '' Caviezel -LRB- born September 26 , 1968 -RRB- is an American actor , best known for portraying Jesus Christ in the 2004 film The Passion of the Christ . Other notable roles include Private Witt in The Thin Red Line -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Detective John Sullivan in Frequency -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Jim McCormick in Madison , Catch in Angel Eyes -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Johannes in I Am David , Edmond Dantès in The Count of Monte Cristo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , golfer Bobby Jones in Bobby Jones : Stroke of Genius -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , and Carroll Oerstadt in Déjà Vu -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . From 2011 until 2016 , he starred as John Reese on the CBS science-fiction crime drama series Person of Interest . ", "Saint Aibert -LRB- or Aybert -RRB- of Crespin , O.S.B. , was a Benedictine monastic and hermit revered for his intense life of prayer , asceticism and devotion to the Rosary . His biography was written by a contemporary , Robert , Archdeacon of Oostrevand . " ]

[ 1, 0, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ "Ned_Stark", "Petyr_Baelish", "Stephen_King", "Iron_Man", "Richard_Nugent,_2nd_Earl_of_Westmeath" ]

[ "Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 . ", "Petyr Baelish , nicknamed Littlefinger , is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . He is a prominent non-point of view character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series , and a main character in HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , where he is portrayed by Aidan Gillen . In A Storm of Swords , it is revealed that several major plot points have hinged on Baelish 's intrigues , including the framing of Tyrion Lannister for the attempt on Bran Stark 's life , the downfall of Lord Eddard Stark , the deaths of Lord Jon Arryn and King Joffrey Baratheon , and the War of the Five Kings . ", "Stephen Edwin King -LRB- born September 21 , 1947 -RRB- is an American author of horror , supernatural fiction , suspense , science fiction , and fantasy . His books have sold more than 350 million copies , many of which have been adapted into feature films , miniseries , television shows , and comic books . King has published 54 novels , including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman , and six non-fiction books . He has written nearly 200 short stories , most of which have been collected in book collections . Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine . His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . King has received Bram Stoker Awards , World Fantasy Awards , and British Fantasy Society Awards . His novella The Way Station -LRB- 1980 -RRB- was a Nebula Award novelette nominee . In 2003 , the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters . His short story `` The Man in the Black Suit '' -LRB- 1994 -RRB- received the O. Henry Award . He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire oeuvre , such as the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . In 2015 , King was awarded with a National Medal of Arts from the United States National Endowment for the Arts for his contributions to literature . ", "Iron Man -LRB- Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Stark -RRB- is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer and editor Stan Lee , developed by scripter Larry Lieber , and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby . The character made his first appearance in Tales of Suspense # 39 -LRB- cover dated March 1963 -RRB- . A wealthy American business magnate , playboy , and ingenious engineer , Tony Stark suffers a severe chest injury during a kidnapping in which his captors attempt to force him to build a weapon of mass destruction . He instead creates a powered suit of armor to save his life and escape captivity . Later , Stark augments his suit with weapons and other technological devices he designed through his company , Stark Industries . He uses the suit and successive versions to protect the world as Iron Man , while at first concealing his true identity . Initially , Iron Man was a vehicle for Stan Lee to explore Cold War themes , particularly the role of American technology and business in the fight against communism . Subsequent re-imaginings of Iron Man have transitioned from Cold War themes to contemporary concerns , such as corporate crime and terrorism . Throughout most of the character 's publication history , Iron Man has been a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers and has been featured in several incarnations of his own various comic book series . Iron Man has been adapted for several animated TV shows and films . The character is portrayed by Robert Downey Jr. in the live action film Iron Man -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which was a critical and box office success . Downey , who received much acclaim for his performance , reprised the role in a cameo in The Incredible Hulk -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , two Iron Man sequels Iron Man 2 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Iron Man 3 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , The Avengers -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and will do so again in Spider-Man : Homecoming -LRB- 2017 -RRB- as well as Avengers : Infinity War -LRB- 2018 -RRB- and its untitled sequel -LRB- 2019 -RRB- in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . Iron Man was ranked 12th on IGN 's `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' in 2011 , and third in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 . ", "Richard Nugent , 2nd Earl of Westmeath -LRB- 1621/23 -- 25 February 1684 -RRB- was an Irish nobleman . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Gotham_City_Sirens", "Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "List_of_Gotham_episodes", "Siren_-LRB-magazine-RRB-", "Twitches_-LRB-novel_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics . The term Gotham City Sirens refers to three of the most popular female characters that inhabit Gotham City , which include Catwoman , Harley Quinn , and Poison Ivy . The first issue of the series was released in June , 2009 , as a part of the Batman : Reborn relaunch in all of DC 's Batman titles . Warner Bros. is developing a film with the same title , although it has not been announced if the film will be based on the comic book series . ", "Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . ", "Gotham is an American crime-drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters appearing in and published by DC Comics in their Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive produces along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . As originally conceived , the series would have served as a straightforward story of Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City police force . Gotham was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . ", "Siren was a bimonthly Canadian magazine , published in Toronto , Ontario for the city 's lesbian community . ", "T * Witches is an American children 's fantasy novel series by H. B. Gilmour and Randi Reisfeld written in the 2000s . The cover art and design was done by David Loew and Joyce White . The authors are published by Scholastic Press , a subsidiary of the Scholastic Corporation , who also published the British Harry Potter series for J.K. Rowling and the Canadian Anne of Green Gables series for Lucy Maud Montgomery . The Disney Channel 's television film adaptations for 2005 and 2007 were based solely on the first book , `` The Power of Two '' . The 10-book series focuses on long lost twin sisters who discover that they are witches of Coventry Island . Camryn `` Cam '' Alicia Barnes , also known as Apolla DuBaer , is a popular and preppy teen with a Sun amulet . Alexandra `` Alex '' Nicole Fielding , also known as Artemis DuBaer , is a gothic teen who constantly changes the color of her hair , and wears the matching amulet of the Moon . The twins were separated on October 31 , 1986 . Years later , the two meet up as schoolgirls with ESP ; Cam can see the future and Alex can read people 's minds . Their legal guardians are the young witch Ileana and the mischievous , aging warlock Karsh . The twins ' birth parents are Coventry Island 's witch and warlock , Miranda and Aron DuBaer . The twins ' birth was foretold by one of their ancestors years ago . The prophecy is called the La Prophetic Aux Yeux Gris -LRB- The Prophecy of the Gray Eyes -RRB- . The two lived completely different lives miles away from each other , not knowing of their powers until they met in The Power of Two . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Dev_Patel", "Chappie_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Khatta_Meetha_-LRB-1978_film-RRB-", "Bhaji_in_Problem", "Jonah_Meyerson" ]

[ "Dev Patel -LRB- born 23 April 1990 -RRB- is an English actor . Born and raised in London to Indian parents , Patel made his screen debut as Anwar Kharral in the first two seasons of the British teen drama television series Skins -LRB- 2007 -- 2008 -RRB- , landing the role with no prior professional acting experience . His breakthrough came in 2008 with the leading role of Jamal Malik in Danny Boyle 's drama Slumdog Millionaire , which won the Academy Award for Best Picture , and for which he was nominated for the SAG Award for Best Supporting Actor and the BAFTA Award for Best Actor . Patel went on to star in the highly successful romantic comedy The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and its 2015 sequel , the fantasy film The Last Airbender -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the science fiction film Chappie -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His portrayal of Neal Sampat on the HBO television series The Newsroom -LRB- 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- earned him a NAACP Image Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series . In 2015 , Patel starred as the mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan in the biopic The Man Who Knew Infinity , and the following year he played Saroo Brierley in the drama Lion -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For the latter , he won the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor and was nominated for the Golden Globe , Critics ' Choice Award , SAG Award , and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . ", "Chappie -LRB- stylized as CHAPPiE -RRB- is a 2015 science fiction film directed by South African director Neill Blomkamp and written by Blomkamp and Terri Tatchell . It stars Sharlto Copley , Dev Patel , Jose Pablo Cantillo , Sigourney Weaver , Hugh Jackman , and Watkin Tudor Jones -LRB- Ninja -RRB- and Yolandi Visser of the South African zef rap-rave group Die Antwoord as metafictional versions of themselves . The film , set and shot in Johannesburg , is about an artificially intelligent law enforcement robot captured and taught by gangsters , who nickname it Chappie . Chappie premiered in New York City on March 4 , 2015 , and was released in U.S. cinemas on March 6 , 2015 . The film grossed $ 102 million worldwide against a $ 49 million budget . ", "Khatta Meetha -LRB- English : Sweet and Sour -RRB- is a 1978 Hindi film directed by Basu Chatterjee . The film stars Ashok Kumar , Rakesh Roshan , Bindiya Goswami , Pearl Padamsee , Deven Verma , David Abraham Cheulkar , Ranjit Chowdhry , Preeti Ganguly , Pradeep Kumar and Iftekhar . The films music is by Rajesh Roshan . At 26th Filmfare Awards , Deven Verma was nominated for Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role for the film , but won it for Chor Ke Ghar Chor . This was also the debut film of actor Ranjit Chowdhry , who later appeared in films like Basu Chatterjee 's Baton Baton Mein -LRB- 1979 -RRB- and Hrishikesh Mukherjee 's Khubsoorat -LRB- 1980 -RRB- . The story of the movie is also an inspiration for the 2010 comedy Golmaal 3 . The movie was based on the 1968 movie Yours , Mine and Ours . ", "Bhaji in Problem is a 2013 Indian Punjabi-language comedy film directed by Smeep Kang , who had earlier directed films like Carry on Jatta and Lucky Di Unlucky Story , both of which featured Gippy Grewal in the lead role . Grewal also appears in this film , along with an ensemble cast including Ragini Khanna , Gurpreet Ghuggi , B.N. Sharma , Karamjit Anmol , Japji Khaira , Khushboo Grewal and Misha Bajwa amongst others . The film is produced by Ashvini Yardi , and Bollywood actor Akshay Kumar who also appears in the film shortly , enacting as a lookalike of himself . Aside from Akshay Kumar , the film also features actor Om Puri and cricketer Harbhajan Singh . Bhaji in Problem was released on 15 November 2013 . It has released in over 600 screens worldwide . ", "Jonah Meyerson -LRB- born September 20 , 1991 -RRB- is an American actor . He has worked with actors such as Gene Hackman , Pierce Brosnan , Robin Williams , Ben Stiller , Dermot Mulroney , Alison Pill , and Aidan Quinn . He was born in New York City , where he currently lives . He is a graduate of Stuyvesant High School , and the University of Pennsylvania as a member of the class of 2013 . At UPenn , he was the head writer for and a cast member of Penn 's Mask and Wig Club , the nation 's oldest collegiate all-male musical comedy troupe . Meyerson also performed with Penn 's improv comedy troupe , Without a Net . and was a 2013 member of Penn 's Friars Senior Society . Meyerson made his acting debut in Wes Anderson 's 2001 award-winning film The Royal Tenenbaums . He played Uzi , the red-suited older son of Chas , played by Ben Stiller , and the grandson of characters played by Gene Hackman and Anjelica Huston . Meyerson was nominated for a Young Artists ' award for his work on that film . He also starred in Griffin and Phoenix , a new movie shown on the Lifetime channel and released on DVD . His work on that film earned him his second Young Artist Award nomination . In 2005 , he was in the movies Little Manhattan and The Matador , and in 2004 , David Duchovny 's House of D. Playing computer genius Yoda who helps Alison Pill 's character in Book of Daniel -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Jonah was set to appear in eight episodes , but only one of his episodes aired before the series was cancelled . His work on that series is available on the show 's DVD . He is represented by -LSB- Paradigm -RSB- in New York City . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "General_Motors", "National_Motor_Vehicle_Company", "GM2900_platform", "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft", "Opel_Wien" ]

[ "General Motors Company , commonly known as GM , is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit , Michigan , that designs , manufactures , markets , and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts , and sells financial services . With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit , Michigan , United States , GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries . In 2008 , 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands . 10 million cars sold milestone was exceeded on 2016 . Current auto brands are Buick , Cadillac , Chevrolet , GMC , Holden , and Wuling . Former GM automotive brands include McLaughlin , Oakland , Oldsmobile , Pontiac , Hummer , Saab , Saturn , Vauxhall , and Opel . The company was founded by William C. Durant on September 16 , 1908 as a holding company . The company was the largest automobile manufacturer from 1931 through 2007 . In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles , GM has also had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands , many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s . These have included Euclid and Terex -LRB- earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles -RRB- ; Electro-Motive Diesel -LRB- locomotive , marine , and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Detroit Diesel -LRB- automotive and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Allison -LRB- Aircraft engines , transmissions , gas turbine engines -RRB- ; Frigidaire -LRB- Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning -RRB- ; New Departure -LRB- bearings -RRB- ; Delco Electronics and ACDelco -LRB- electrical and electronic components -RRB- ; GMAC -LRB- finance -RRB- ; General Aviation and North American Aviation -LRB- airplanes -RRB- ; GM Defense -LRB- military vehicles -RRB- ; and Electronic Data Systems -LRB- information technology -RRB- . General Motors produces vehicles in 37 countries under twelve brands : Chevrolet , Buick , GMC , Cadillac , Holden , HSV , Opel , Vauxhall , Wuling , Baojun , Jie Fang , and Ravon . The current company , General Motors Company -LRB- `` new GM '' -RRB- , was formed in 2009 following the bankruptcy of General Motors Corporation -LRB- `` old GM '' -RRB- , which became Motors Liquidation Company . The new company purchased the majority of the assets of the old GM , including the brand `` General Motors '' . ", "The National Motor Vehicle Company was an American manufacturer of automobiles in Indianapolis , Indiana between 1900 and 1924 . One of its presidents , Arthur C. Newby , was also one of the investors who created the Indianapolis Motor Speedway . The company first concentrated on electric vehicles but soon began producing gasoline-engined cars . National produced a range of four , six , and twelve-cylinder passenger vehicles , as well as numerous successful racing cars . In 1922 , National was merged into Associated Motor Industries , which subsequently went out of business in 1924 . ", "General Motors introduced the mid-size front-wheel drive GM2900 platform in 1988 with the introductions of the Opel Vectra A and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .3 for the 1989 model year . The platform was intended to replace both division 's J-cars , the Opel Ascona C and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .2 , although the platform eventually branched out to Holden , Chevrolet 's Latin American branch , and even Saab and Saturn . The GM2900 platform was replaced by the Epsilon platform in 2003 , although Saab continued to use the lengthened GM2902 platform for its 9-5 model until 2010 , when it was switched to the Epsilon 2 platform . The tooling for the first generation Saab 9-5 was sold to BAIC and with help from Saab engineers they will develop new models for production in China , probably under the `` Beijing '' brand . ", "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft -LRB- DMG -RRB- -LRB- Daimler Motors Corporation -RRB- was a German engine and later automobile manufacturer , in operation from 1890 until 1926 . Founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach , it was based first in Cannstatt -LRB- today Bad Cannstatt , a city district of Stuttgart -RRB- . Daimler died in 1900 , and their business moved in 1903 to Stuttgart-Untertürkheim after the original factory was destroyed by fire , and again to Berlin in 1922 . Other factories were located in Marienfelde -LRB- near Berlin -RRB- and Sindelfingen -LRB- next to Stuttgart -RRB- . The enterprise was begun to produce petrol engines but after the success of a small number of race cars built on contract by Wilhelm Maybach for Emil Jellinek , it began to produce the Mercedes model of 1902 . After this automobile production expanded to become DMG '' 's main product , and it built several models . Because of the post World War One German economic crisis , DMG merged in 1926 with Benz & Cie. , becoming Daimler-Benz and adopting Mercedes-Benz as its automobile trademark . A further merger occurred in 1998 with Chrysler to become DaimlerChrysler '' . The name was finally changed to just Daimler AG in 2007 when Chrysler was sold . ", "Opel Wien GmbH -LRB- formerly GM Powertrain Austria GmbH -RRB- is an Austrian manufacturing company based in Vienna / Aspern , Austria and a subsidiary of General Motors . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Scream_2", "Scream_-LRB-1996_film-RRB-", "Scream_-LRB-franchise-RRB-", "The_Scream_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Hatchet_II" ]

[ "Scream 2 is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson . It stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Jamie Kennedy , Laurie Metcalf , Jerry O'Connell , Jada Pinkett and Liev Schreiber . The film was released on December 12 , 1997 by Dimension Films as the second installment in the Scream film series . Scream 2 takes place one year after Scream and again follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , now a student at the fictional Windsor College , who becomes the target of a copycat killer using the guise of Ghostface . Sidney is accompanied by film-geek Randy Meeks -LRB- Kennedy -RRB- , retired deputy sheriff Dewey Riley -LRB- Arquette -RRB- and news reporter Gale Weathers -LRB- Cox -RRB- . Like its predecessor , Scream 2 combines the violence of the slasher genre with elements of comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery while satirizing the cliché of film sequels . The film was followed by two sequels , Scream 3 -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Scream 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Williamson provided a five-page outline for a sequel to Scream when auctioning his original script , hoping to entice bidders with the potential of buying a franchise . Following a successful test screening of Scream and the film 's financial and critical success , Dimension moved forward with the sequel while Scream was still in theaters , with the principal cast all returning to star , Craven to direct and Beltrami to provide music . The film suffered controversy following its significant issues with plot information leaking onto the Internet , revealing the identity of the killers . Combined with the film 's rushed schedule , the script was rewritten often ; pages were sometimes completed on the day of filming . Despite these issues , Scream 2 earned $ 172 million , received several awards and nominations . The film also received positive reviews , with some critics arguing that the sequel surpassed the original in terms of quality . Beltrami received positive critical reception for his score for evolving the musical themes of the characters created in Scream although some critics claimed that the most memorable pieces from the film were created by composers Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer . Elfman 's contribution had been specially written for the film , but Zimmer 's score for Broken Arrow was controversially used in the film , replacing Beltrami 's own work . The soundtrack received negative feedback from reviewers but achieved moderate sales success , reaching # 50 on the Billboard 200 . ", "Scream is a 1996 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Wes Craven . The film stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Matthew Lillard , Rose McGowan , Skeet Ulrich , and Drew Barrymore . Released on December 20 , 1996 , Scream follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro , California , who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface . The film combined black comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as Halloween and Friday the 13th . The film was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that Scream attempted to subvert . Based partly on the real life case of the Gainesville Ripper , Scream was inspired by Williamson 's passion for horror films , especially Halloween -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . The script , originally titled Scary Movie , was bought by Dimension Films and was retitled by the Weinstein Brothers just before filming was complete . The production faced censorship issues with the Motion Picture Association of America and obstacles from locals while filming on location . The film went on to financial and critical acclaim , earning $ 173 million worldwide , and became the highest-grossing slasher film in the US in unadjusted dollars . It received several awards and award nominations . The soundtrack by Marco Beltrami was also acclaimed , and was cited as '' -LSB- one -RSB- of the most intriguing horror scores composed in years . '' It has since earned `` cult status . '' Scream marked a change in the genre as it cast already-established and successful actors , which was considered to have helped it find a wider audience , including a significant female viewership . Scream was credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the 1990s , which was considered to be almost dead following an influx of direct-to-video titles and numerous sequels to established horror franchises of the 1970s and 1980s . These sequels drew decreasing financial and critical success , as they exploited clichés upon which films in the genre had become reliant . Screams success spawned a series of sequels , though only Scream 2 , released in 1997 , achieved a level of commercial and critical success equal to the original film . In the years following the release of Scream , the film was accused of inspiring and even inducing violent crimes and murders . ", "Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven . Starring Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , and David Arquette , the film series grossed over $ 604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven . The first series entry , Scream , was released on December 20 , 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States . The second entry Scream 2 was released on December 12 , 1997 followed by a third installment , Scream 3 , released February 4 , 2000 . Eleven years after the previous film , Scream 4 was released on April 15 , 2011 . The films follow Sidney Prescott , and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims . Sidney receives support in the films from town deputy Dewey Riley , reporter Gale Weathers , and film-geek Randy Meeks . A tv spin off of the series was released by MTV on June 30 , 2015 . The series follows different characters and new storylines , not connected to the film series . Williamson 's original script was bought by Miramax and developed under the Dimension Films label by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , who recruited Craven to direct , who in turn recruited composer Marco Beltrami to score the film . This team went on to be involved in each film in the series though Williamson was forced to take a smaller role for Scream 3 , writing only a brief plot outline due to his commitments to other projects , with Ehren Kruger replacing him as screenwriter . The series ' violence resulted in conflicts with the Motion Picture Association of America and news media concerning censorship resulting in a reduction of violence and gore in Scream 3 when the Columbine High School massacre brought increased focus on the media 's influence on society . Scream became notable for its use of established and recognizable actors which was uncommon for horror films at the time , yet has since become common in part due to Scream 's success . The series , particularly the first two films , has received significant critical acclaim . Scream has been credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the late 90s by combining a traditional slasher film with humor , awareness of horror film cliché and a clever plot . Scream was one of the highest-grossing films of 1996 and became , and remains , the highest grossing slasher film in the world . Its success was matched by Scream 2 which not only broke box-office records of the time , but was also argued by some critics to actually be superior to the original . Scream 3 fared worse than its predecessors , both critically and financially , with critics commenting that it had become the type of horror film it originally parodied in Scream . It did , however , receive some positive response , with claims that it was the perfect end to the trilogy . The film series has been the recipient of several awards including a Saturn Award for Best Actress and MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for Campbell and Best Horror Film for Scream . ", "The Scream -LRB- Fəryad -RRB- is a 1993 Azerbaijani war film directed by Jeyhun Mirzayev based loosely on the Nagorno-Karabakh War and Khojaly Massacre . The film stars Jeyhun Mirzayev himself , Haci Ismayilov , and Melik Dadashev . ", "Hatchet II is a 2010 American slasher film written and directed by Adam Green . It is the sequel to Green 's film , Hatchet . Picking up right where the first film ended , Hatchet II follows Marybeth as she escapes the clutches of the deformed , swamp-dwelling killer Victor Crowley . After learning the truth about her family 's connection to the hatchet-wielding madman , Marybeth returns to the Louisiana swamps along with an army of hunters to recover the bodies of her family and exact the bloodiest revenge against the bayou butcher . The film sees the return of Kane Hodder and Tony Todd who portrayed Victor Crowley and Reverend Zombie in the 2006 film , respectively . Danielle Harris portrays Marybeth , a role originally played by Tamara Feldman . The film was originally screened at the 2010 London FrightFest Film Festival on August 26 , 2010 . It was released unrated in the United States on October 1 , 2010 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Addison_Montgomery", "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-", "If_Tomorrow_Never_Comes_-LRB-Grey's_Anatomy-RRB-", "Kate_Patrick", "Grey's_Anatomy_-LRB-season_14-RRB-" ]

[ "Dr. Addison Adrianne Forbes Montgomery -LRB- formerly Shepherd -RRB- is a fictional character on the ABC television series Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice played by Kate Walsh . Addison is a world-class neonatal surgeon with board certifications in both Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Maternal and Fetal Medicine . Additionally , she is a medical genetics fellow . She works at the Oceanside Wellness Group , a fictional practice located in Santa Monica , California . ", "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . ", "`` If Tomorrow Never Comes '' is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , which first aired on American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- on Sunday May 1 , 2005 . The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and was directed by Scott Brazil . ", "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . ", "The fourteenth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy was ordered on February 10 , 2017 , by American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- , and will premiere in September 2017 . The season will consist of 24 episodes . The fourteenth season will include the show 's 300th episode , which is the seventh episode of the season . The season is produced by ABC Studios , in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company ; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes . This season will be the first not to feature Jerrika Hinton as Dr. Stephanie Edwards since her introduction in the ninth season , following her departure at the conclusion of the previous season . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Addison_Montgomery", "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-", "If_Tomorrow_Never_Comes_-LRB-Grey's_Anatomy-RRB-", "Kate_Patrick", "Grey's_Anatomy_-LRB-season_14-RRB-" ]

[ "Dr. Addison Adrianne Forbes Montgomery -LRB- formerly Shepherd -RRB- is a fictional character on the ABC television series Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice played by Kate Walsh . Addison is a world-class neonatal surgeon with board certifications in both Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Maternal and Fetal Medicine . Additionally , she is a medical genetics fellow . She works at the Oceanside Wellness Group , a fictional practice located in Santa Monica , California . ", "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . ", "`` If Tomorrow Never Comes '' is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , which first aired on American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- on Sunday May 1 , 2005 . The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and was directed by Scott Brazil . ", "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . ", "The fourteenth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy was ordered on February 10 , 2017 , by American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- , and will premiere in September 2017 . The season will consist of 24 episodes . The fourteenth season will include the show 's 300th episode , which is the seventh episode of the season . The season is produced by ABC Studios , in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company ; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes . This season will be the first not to feature Jerrika Hinton as Dr. Stephanie Edwards since her introduction in the ninth season , following her departure at the conclusion of the previous season . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Robert_Zemeckis", "Robert_Teitel", "Robert_Towne", "Romancing_the_Stone", "Poltergeist_-LRB-1982_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Robert Lee Zemeckis -LRB- born May 14 , 1952 -RRB- is an American filmmaker and screenwriter frequently credited as an innovator in visual effects . Credited as `` one of the greatest visual storytellers in filmmaking '' , he first came to public attention in the 1980s as the director of Romancing the Stone -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and the science-fiction comedy Back to the Future film trilogy , as well as the live-action/animated comedy Who Framed Roger Rabbit -LRB- 1988 -RRB- . In the 1990s he diversified into more dramatic fare , including 1994 's Forrest Gump , for which he won an Academy Award for Best Director . The film itself won Best Picture . The movies he has directed have ranged across a wide variety of genres , for both adults and families . Zemeckis ' films are characterized by an interest in state-of-the-art special effects , including the early use of the insertion of computer graphics into live-action footage in Back to the Future Part II -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , and in Forrest Gump and the pioneering performance capture techniques seen in The Polar Express -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Beowulf -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and A Christmas Carol -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Though Zemeckis has often been pigeonholed as a director interested only in effects , his work has been defended by several critics , including David Thomson , who wrote that `` No other contemporary director has used special effects to more dramatic and narrative purpose . '' On April 27 , 2017 , Screen Junkies reported Zemeckis was in talks to direct a movie based on The Flash for the DC Extended Universe . ", "Robert Teitel is an American film producer . Teitel produced the films Soul Food -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Men of Honor -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and the three films in the Barbershop series : Barbersop , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business , and Beauty Shop . He also co-produced of the television series Barbershop : The Series . A 1990 graduate of Columbia College Chicago , he has been associated with writer/director George Tillman , Jr. since they were students there . ", "Robert Towne -LRB- born Robert Bertram Schwartz ; November 23 , 1934 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , producer , director and actor . He was part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking . He is best-known for his Academy Award-winning original screenplay for Roman Polanski 's Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , which is widely considered one of the greatest screenplays ever written . He also wrote its sequel The Two Jakes in 1990 , and wrote the Hal Ashby comedy-dramas The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , and Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , as well as the first two Mission : Impossible films . Towne has also directed various films such as the sports dramas Personal Best -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , and Without Limits -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , the crime thriller Tequila Sunrise -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and the romantic crime drama Ask the Dust -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . ", "Romancing the Stone is a 1984 American action-adventure romantic comedy . Directed by Robert Zemeckis , it stars Michael Douglas , Kathleen Turner and Danny DeVito . The film was followed by a 1985 sequel , The Jewel of the Nile . Romancing the Stone earned over $ 86,572,238 worldwide in box-office receipts . It also helped launch Turner to stardom , reintroduced Douglas to the public as a capable leading man , started Zemeckis ' frequent collaboration with Alan Silvestri , and gave Zemeckis his first box-office success . Decades later , it retains critical acclaim , with an 87 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes . ", "Poltergeist is a 1982 American supernatural horror film directed by Tobe Hooper . Steven Spielberg wrote and produced , but had a clause in his contract to prevent him from directing another movie while he made E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial . Therefore , Hooper was selected to direct based on his work on The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . It is the first and most successful entry in the Poltergeist film series . Set in a California suburb , the plot focuses on a family whose home is invaded by malevolent ghosts that abduct the family 's younger daughter . Released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on June 4 , 1982 , the film was a major critical and commercial success , achieving in being the eighth highest-grossing film of 1982 . Years since its release , the film has been recognized as a classic within the horror genre and has gained a cult following . Aside for being nominated for three Academy Awards , a scene from the film was ranked as # 80 on Bravo 's 100 Scariest Movie Moments and the Chicago Film Critics Association named it the 20th scariest film ever made . The film also appeared at # 84 on American Film Institute 's 100 Years ... 100 Thrills , a list of America 's most heart-pounding movies . The Poltergeist franchise is believed by some to be cursed due to the premature deaths of several people associated with the film , a notion that was the focus of an E! True Hollywood Story . The film 's success helped spawn a franchise consisting of two sequels and a remake of the same name which started production in late 2013 , and was released in theaters on May 22 , 2015 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Michael_Hutchence", "Patricia_Glassop", "John_Hull_-LRB-merchant-RRB-", "John_Connelly_-LRB-baseball-RRB-", "Pray_the_Gay_Away?" ]

[ "Michael Kelland John Hutchence -LRB- 22 January 1960 -- 22 November 1997 -RRB- was an Australian musician and actor . He was a founding member , lead singer and lyricist of rock band : INXS from 1977 until his death in 1997 . He was a member of short-lived pop rock group Max Q and recorded solo material which was released posthumously . He acted in feature films , including Dogs in Space -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Frankenstein Unbound -LRB- 1990 -RRB- and Limp -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . According to rock-music historian Ian McFarlane , `` Hutchence was the archetypal rock showman . He exuded an overtly sexual , macho cool with his flowing locks , and lithe and exuberant stage movements . '' Hutchence won the ` Best International Artist ' at the 1991 BRIT Awards with INXS winning the related group award . His private life was often reported in the Australian and international press , with a string of love affairs with prominent actresses , models and singers . Hutchence 's relationship with UK television presenter Paula Yates began while she was married to musician and Live Aid organiser Bob Geldof . Geldof and Yates divorced in 1996 . During July of the same year , Hutchence and Yates had a daughter , Heavenly Hiraani Tiger Lily . On the morning of 22 November 1997 , Hutchence was found dead in his hotel room in Sydney . His death was reported by the New South Wales Coroner to be the result of suicide . In 2000 , Yates died of a heroin overdose . The couple 's daughter was placed in Geldof 's custody with her half-sisters . ", "Patricia Glassop -LRB- 6 July 1929 -- 21 September 2010 -RRB- was a film and television makeup artist . She was also the mother of INXS frontman Michael Hutchence . In later years she was an author . She died at age 81 in 2010 . ", "John Hull -LRB- 18 December 16241 October 1683 -RRB- was the leading merchant and mintmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony . Hull was born in Market Harborough , Leicestershire , England . He married Judith Quincy -LRB- 1626 -- 1695 -RRB- , daughter of Judith Pares -LRB- d. 1654 -RRB- and Edmund Quincy , progenitors of the prestigious Quincy family . Among his apprentices was Jeremiah Dummer who became the first American-born silversmith . In January 1658 he and several other men made a large land acquisition in Rhode Island known as the `` Pettaquamscutt Purchase . '' Hull died in Boston on 1 October 1683 . Hull Street in Boston is named for him , because he once owned the land there . ", "John J. Connelly -LRB- died August 17 , 2013 in Needham , Massachusetts -RRB- was the head coach for Northeastern University 's Northeastern Huskies baseball team from 1956 to 1981 . He was nicknamed `` Tinker '' . ", "`` Pray the Gay Away ? '' is a 2011 episode of the American television series Our America with Lisa Ling . The episode , hosted by Ling , profiles several people as they seek to reconcile their homosexuality with their Christianity . It originally aired on OWN : Oprah Winfrey Network on March 8 , 2011 . Speaking for those who believe that Christianity and homosexuality are incompatible was Alan Chambers , president of Exodus International , an ex-gay organization . Also interviewed were Janet Boynes , a woman who states she `` walked away '' from lesbianism eleven years earlier and who now runs her own ex-gay ministry , a man named Christian whom Janet has been counseling for the last four years and another man named Ethan , whom Ling met at an Exodus conference . Each of the men acknowledged that they still had feelings of attraction to the same sex . Only Boynes said she had no such feelings . Ling also interviewed several people who had reconciled their sexuality and their faith . Among them was Michael Bussee , who had co-founded Exodus International in 1976 only to leave the group in 1979 when he found himself falling in love with another male founding member . Ling spotlighted The Naming Project , a summer camp program for gay and questioning Christian young people . Gay Lutheran and Naming Project co-founder Jay Wiesner was interviewed along with campers Chelsea , who went from being a closeted cheerleader to an openly lesbian prom queen , and Julian , who had been fired as a counselor-in-training at a Christian camp just two weeks before filming when his homosexuality was discovered . Ling 's examination of these two `` paths '' led her to conclude , `` I 'm not sure which path is more difficult , but while they could n't be more different , I think they 're both traveling in the same direction . '' Following the broadcast , Gayle King hosted Ling for a one-hour live program called `` Pray the Gay Away ? The Conversation Continues '' featuring follow-up interviews with some of the participants and telephone calls from the public . Also appearing was Rashad Robinson from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation -LRB- GLAAD -RRB- who questioned Ling 's decision not to place the individual stories she reported into the larger context of anti-gay discrimination in the United States and psychologist Andrea Macåri who noted that there is no reputable medical evidence that sexual orientation can be changed . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Michael_Hutchence", "Patricia_Glassop", "John_Hull_-LRB-merchant-RRB-", "John_Connelly_-LRB-baseball-RRB-", "Pray_the_Gay_Away?" ]

[ "Michael Kelland John Hutchence -LRB- 22 January 1960 -- 22 November 1997 -RRB- was an Australian musician and actor . He was a founding member , lead singer and lyricist of rock band : INXS from 1977 until his death in 1997 . He was a member of short-lived pop rock group Max Q and recorded solo material which was released posthumously . He acted in feature films , including Dogs in Space -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Frankenstein Unbound -LRB- 1990 -RRB- and Limp -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . According to rock-music historian Ian McFarlane , `` Hutchence was the archetypal rock showman . He exuded an overtly sexual , macho cool with his flowing locks , and lithe and exuberant stage movements . '' Hutchence won the ` Best International Artist ' at the 1991 BRIT Awards with INXS winning the related group award . His private life was often reported in the Australian and international press , with a string of love affairs with prominent actresses , models and singers . Hutchence 's relationship with UK television presenter Paula Yates began while she was married to musician and Live Aid organiser Bob Geldof . Geldof and Yates divorced in 1996 . During July of the same year , Hutchence and Yates had a daughter , Heavenly Hiraani Tiger Lily . On the morning of 22 November 1997 , Hutchence was found dead in his hotel room in Sydney . His death was reported by the New South Wales Coroner to be the result of suicide . In 2000 , Yates died of a heroin overdose . The couple 's daughter was placed in Geldof 's custody with her half-sisters . ", "Patricia Glassop -LRB- 6 July 1929 -- 21 September 2010 -RRB- was a film and television makeup artist . She was also the mother of INXS frontman Michael Hutchence . In later years she was an author . She died at age 81 in 2010 . ", "John Hull -LRB- 18 December 16241 October 1683 -RRB- was the leading merchant and mintmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony . Hull was born in Market Harborough , Leicestershire , England . He married Judith Quincy -LRB- 1626 -- 1695 -RRB- , daughter of Judith Pares -LRB- d. 1654 -RRB- and Edmund Quincy , progenitors of the prestigious Quincy family . Among his apprentices was Jeremiah Dummer who became the first American-born silversmith . In January 1658 he and several other men made a large land acquisition in Rhode Island known as the `` Pettaquamscutt Purchase . '' Hull died in Boston on 1 October 1683 . Hull Street in Boston is named for him , because he once owned the land there . ", "John J. Connelly -LRB- died August 17 , 2013 in Needham , Massachusetts -RRB- was the head coach for Northeastern University 's Northeastern Huskies baseball team from 1956 to 1981 . He was nicknamed `` Tinker '' . ", "`` Pray the Gay Away ? '' is a 2011 episode of the American television series Our America with Lisa Ling . The episode , hosted by Ling , profiles several people as they seek to reconcile their homosexuality with their Christianity . It originally aired on OWN : Oprah Winfrey Network on March 8 , 2011 . Speaking for those who believe that Christianity and homosexuality are incompatible was Alan Chambers , president of Exodus International , an ex-gay organization . Also interviewed were Janet Boynes , a woman who states she `` walked away '' from lesbianism eleven years earlier and who now runs her own ex-gay ministry , a man named Christian whom Janet has been counseling for the last four years and another man named Ethan , whom Ling met at an Exodus conference . Each of the men acknowledged that they still had feelings of attraction to the same sex . Only Boynes said she had no such feelings . Ling also interviewed several people who had reconciled their sexuality and their faith . Among them was Michael Bussee , who had co-founded Exodus International in 1976 only to leave the group in 1979 when he found himself falling in love with another male founding member . Ling spotlighted The Naming Project , a summer camp program for gay and questioning Christian young people . Gay Lutheran and Naming Project co-founder Jay Wiesner was interviewed along with campers Chelsea , who went from being a closeted cheerleader to an openly lesbian prom queen , and Julian , who had been fired as a counselor-in-training at a Christian camp just two weeks before filming when his homosexuality was discovered . Ling 's examination of these two `` paths '' led her to conclude , `` I 'm not sure which path is more difficult , but while they could n't be more different , I think they 're both traveling in the same direction . '' Following the broadcast , Gayle King hosted Ling for a one-hour live program called `` Pray the Gay Away ? The Conversation Continues '' featuring follow-up interviews with some of the participants and telephone calls from the public . Also appearing was Rashad Robinson from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation -LRB- GLAAD -RRB- who questioned Ling 's decision not to place the individual stories she reported into the larger context of anti-gay discrimination in the United States and psychologist Andrea Macåri who noted that there is no reputable medical evidence that sexual orientation can be changed . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "5th_Daytime_Emmy_Awards", "13th_International_Emmy_Awards", "66th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "68th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "66th_Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards" ]

[ "The 5th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on June 7 , 1978 on ABC , to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from the previous year -LRB- 1977 -RRB- . The awards were hosted by Family Feud host Richard Dawson , who also won an award for best game show host . Winners in each category are in bold . ", "The 13th Annual International Emmy Awards took place on November 28 , 1985 , in New York City , United States . The awards were presented by the International Council of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences . ", "The 66th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2013 until May 31 , 2014 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Monday , August 25 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by NBC . Comedian and Late Night host Seth Meyers hosted the ceremony for the first time . The nominations were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The scheduling of the Primetime Emmy Awards is coordinated with that of the Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony , which was held the previous weekend on August 16 , 2014 . Breaking Bad was the major winner of the night , with five wins , including its second Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for the second part of its fifth season . Modern Family won its fifth consecutive Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , tying with Frasier as the series with the most consecutive wins in the category . The Amazing Race won its tenth Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality-Competition Program as well . Other major winners of the night were Sherlock : His Last Vow -LRB- 3 wins -RRB- , American Horror Story : Coven and Fargo -LRB- 2 wins each -RRB- . ", "The 68th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2015 until May 31 , 2016 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Sunday , September 18 , 2016 at the Microsoft Theater in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by ABC . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel . It was preceded by the 68th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards , which took place over two nights , September 10 and 11 , at the Microsoft Theater . Crime anthology The People v. O. J. Simpson : American Crime Story won five major awards , the most awards of the night , while fantasy drama Game of Thrones won three , including Outstanding Drama Series and surpassing Frasier -LRB- 37 -RRB- as the fictional television program with the most Primetime Emmy Awards with 38 wins in six seasons . The political satire series Veep also won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time in a row , while its producer and lead star Julia Louis-Dreyfus established a new record of wins for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ; it was her fifth consecutive win for the series and sixth overall in the category . ", "The 66th Annual Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony was held on August 16 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles . The ceremony is in conjunction with the annual Primetime Emmy Awards and is presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming , including guest acting roles . The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences announced that it will implement online voting for its members to select the nominees . Winners for this year were voted on via paper ballots ; online voting to determine the winners will not be used until 2015 . The nominees were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The Governor 's Award and juried award winners in Animation and Costumes for a Variety Series were announced on July 31 , 2014 . Six Interactive Media juried awards were announced on August 13 , 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "I_Want_to_Know_What_Love_Is", "That's_What_My_Love_Is_For", "Forever_Love", "Hearts_Like_Ours", "That's_the_Way_Love_Is_-LRB-Ten_City_song-RRB-" ]

[ "`` I Want to Know What Love Is '' is a power ballad by the British-American rock band Foreigner . It was released in November 1984 as the lead single from their fifth album , Agent Provocateur . The song hit number one in both the United Kingdom and the United States and is the group 's biggest hit to date . It remains one of the band 's best-known songs and most enduring radio hits , charting in the top 25 in 2000 , 2001 , and 2002 on the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Recurrents chart . `` I Want to Know What Love Is '' has continued to garner critical acclaim , and is listed as one of Rolling Stone Magazine 's greatest songs of all time at # 479 . The song is also featured in a number of films . ", "`` That 's What My Love Is For '' is a song written by Amy Sky and Dave Pickell and performed by Anne Murray and Aaron Neville . The song reached # 15 on the Canadian Adult Contemporary chart in 1996 . The song appeared on her 1996 album , Anne Murray . ", "Forever Love may refer to : ", "`` Hearts Like Ours '' is the first single from In Rolling Waves , the second studio album from New Zealand post-punk revival band The Naked and Famous . The song , which is also the sixth single from the ensemble , premiered 23 July 2013 on BBC Radio 1 as Zane Lowe 's `` Hottest Record in the World Today '' . The video was released on YouTube on 29 July 2013 . ", "`` That 's the Way Love Is '' is a 1989 dance and soul single by Chicago-based dance trio , Ten City . The single reached number eight in the UK and number eighteen in Germany and was the group 's highest charting single on both the R&B and dance charts in the U.S. `` That 's the Way Love Is '' reached number twelve on the U.S R&B Singles chart , and number one on the Dance Club Play chart . The single featured two main versions - on most releases , an acid house mix by Steve `` Silk '' Hurley -LRB- variously titled either `` Deep House Mix '' or `` Acieeed Mix '' -RRB- was the A-side , while a string-led mix by Timmy Regisford , named the `` Underground Mix '' , appeared on the B-side . Both mixes also had corresponding radio edits and dub versions . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Yemen", "Sana'a", "Aden", "Bani_Matar_District", "Al_Mahabishah_District" ]

[ "Yemen -LRB- -LSB- ˈjɛmən -RSB- اليَمَن -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Yemen , is an Arab country in Western Asia , occupying South Arabia , the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula . Yemen is the second-largest country in the peninsula , occupying 527,970 km2 -LRB- 203,850 sq mi -RRB- . The coastline stretches for about 2,000 km -LRB- 1,200 mi -RRB- . It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north , the Red Sea to the west , the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south , and Oman to the east-northeast . Although Yemen 's constitutionally stated capital is the city of Sana'a , the city has been under rebel control since February 2015 . Because of this , Yemen 's capital has been temporarily relocated to the port city of Aden , on the southern coast . Yemen 's territory includes more than 200 islands ; the largest of these is Socotra . Yemen was the home of the Sabaeans -LRB- biblical Sheba -RRB- , a trading state that flourished for over a thousand years and also included parts of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea . In 275 AD , the region came under the rule of the later Jewish-influenced Himyarite Kingdom . Christianity arrived in the fourth century , whereas Judaism and local paganism were already established . Islam spread quickly in the seventh century and Yemenite troops were crucial in the expansion of the early Islamic conquests . Administration of Yemen has long been notoriously difficult . Several dynasties emerged from the ninth to 16th centuries , the Rasulid dynasty being the strongest and most prosperous . The country was divided between the Ottoman and British empires in the early twentieth century . The Zaydi Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen was established after World War I in North Yemen before the creation of the Yemen Arab Republic in 1962 . South Yemen remained a British protectorate known as the Aden Protectorate until 1967 when it became an independent state and later , a Marxist state . The two Yemeni states united to form the modern republic of Yemen in 1990 . Yemen is a developing country , and the poorest country in the Middle East . Under the rule of President Ali Abdullah Saleh , Yemen was described as a kleptocracy . According to the 2009 international corruption Perception Index by Transparency International , Yemen ranked 164 out of 182 countries surveyed . In the absence of strong state institutions , elite politics in Yemen constituted a de facto form of collaborative governance , where competing tribal , regional , religious , and political interests agreed to hold themselves in check through tacit acceptance of the balance it produced . The informal political settlement was held together by a power-sharing deal between three men : president Ali Abdullah Saleh , who controlled the state ; Major General Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar , who controlled the largest share of the Republic of Yemen Armed Forces ; and Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar , figurehead of the Islamist Islah party and Saudi Arabia 's chosen broker of transnational patronage payments to various political players , including tribal sheikhs . The Saudi payments have been intended to facilitate the tribes ' autonomy from the Yemeni government and to give the Saudi government a mechanism with which to weigh in on Yemen 's political decision-making . Yemen has been in a state of political crisis since 2011 , starting with street protests against poverty , unemployment , corruption , and president Saleh 's plan to amend Yemen 's constitution and eliminate the presidential term limit , in effect making him president for life . President Saleh stepped down and the powers of the presidency were transferred to Vice President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi , who was formally elected president on 21 February 2012 in a one-man election . The transitional process was disrupted by conflicts between the Houthis and al-Islah , as well as the al-Qaeda insurgency . In September 2014 , the Houthis took over Sana'a , later declaring themselves in control of the government in a coup d'état . Since then , a Saudi-led intervention has taken place , however , it could not stop the civil war . The Saudi-led intervention has caused massive damage to Yemeni infrastructure and has resulted in the bombing of hospitals and funeral processions among other civilian targets . ", "Sana'a -LRB- also spelled Sanaa or Sana ; صنعاء -LSB- sˤɑnʕaːʔ -RSB- , Yemeni Arabic : -LSB- ˈsˤɑnʕɑ -RSB- -RRB- is the largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sana'a Governorate . The city is not part of the Governorate , but forms the separate administrative district of `` Amanat Al-Asemah '' . Under the Yemeni constitution , Sana'a is the capital of the country , although the seat of the internationally recognised government moved to Aden in the aftermath of the 2014 -- 15 Yemeni coup d'état . Aden was declared as the temporary capital by President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi in March 2015 . Sana'a is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world . At an elevation of 2300 m , it is also one of the highest capital cities in the world . Sana'a has a population of approximately 1,937,500 -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , making it Yemen 's largest city . The old city of Sana'a , a UNESCO World Heritage Site , has a distinctive visual character due to its unique architectural characteristics , most notably expressed in its multi-storey buildings decorated with geometric patterns . In the conflict that raged in 2015 , bombs hit UNESCO sites . Located here is the Great Mosque of Sana'a , the largest in the city . ", "Aden -LRB- -LSB- ˈeɪdən -RSB- , -LSB- ˈɑːdɛn -RSB- ; عدن Yemeni pronunciation : -LSB- ˈʕæden , ˈʕædæn -RSB- -RRB- is a port city in Yemen , located by the eastern approach to the Red Sea -LRB- the Gulf of Aden -RRB- , some 170 km east of Bab-el-Mandeb . Its population is approximately 800,000 people . Aden 's ancient , natural harbour lies in the crater of a dormant volcano which now forms a peninsula , joined to the mainland by a low isthmus . This harbour , Front Bay , was first used by the ancient Kingdom of Awsan between the 5th and 7th centuries BC . The modern harbor is on the other side of the peninsula . Aden gives its name to the Gulf of Aden . Aden consists of a number of distinct sub-centers : Crater , the original port city ; Ma'alla , the modern port ; Tawahi , known as `` Steamer Point '' in the colonial period ; and the resorts of Gold Mohur . Khormaksar , located on the isthmus that connects Aden proper with the mainland , includes the city 's diplomatic missions , the main offices of Aden University , and Aden International Airport -LRB- the former British Royal Air Force station RAF Khormaksar -RRB- , Yemen 's second biggest airport . On the mainland are the sub-centers of Sheikh Othman , a former oasis area ; Al-Mansura , a town planned by the British ; and Madinat ash-Sha ' b -LRB- formerly Madinat al-Itihad -RRB- , the site designated as the capital of the South Arabian Federation and now home to a large power/desalinization facility and additional faculties of Aden University . Aden encloses the eastern side of a vast , natural harbor that comprises the modern port . The volcanic peninsula of Little Aden forms a near-mirror image , enclosing the harbor and port on the western side . Little Aden became the site of the oil refinery and tanker port . Both were established and operated by British Petroleum until they were turned over to Yemeni government ownership and control in 1978 . Aden was the capital of the People 's Democratic Republic of Yemen until that country 's unification with the Yemen Arab Republic in 1990 , and again briefly served as Yemen 's temporary capital during the aftermath of the 2014 -- 15 Yemeni coup d'état , as declared by President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi after he fled the Houthi occupation of Sana'a . From March to July 2015 , the Battle of Aden raged between Houthis and loyalists to President Hadi . Water , food , and medical supplies ran short in the city . On 14 July , the Saudi Army launched an offensive to retake Aden for Hadi 's government . Within three days the Houthis had been removed from the city . ", "Bani Matar District is a district of the Sana'a Governorate , Yemen . As of 2003 , the district had a population of 100,012 inhabitants . ", "Al Mahabishah District is a district of the Hajjah Governorate , Yemen . As of 2003 , the district had a population of 50,865 inhabitants . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Balochi_language", "Baloch_people", "Karachay-Balkar_language", "Western_Iranian_languages", "Zaza–Gorani_languages" ]

[ "Balochi -LRB- -LSB- بلؤچی , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a Northwestern Iranian language . It is the principal language of the Baloch people . ", "The Baloch or Baluch -LRB- Balochi : -RRB- are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan , Iran , and Afghanistan , as well as in the Arabian Peninsula . They mainly speak the Balochi language , a branch of Northwestern Iranian languages , and are an Iranic people . About 50 % of the total Baloch population live in Balochistan , a western province of Pakistan ; 40 % of Baloch are settled in Sindh ; and a significant number of Baloch people in Punjab of Pakistan . They make up nearly 3.6 % of the Pakistani population , about 2 % of Iran 's population -LRB- 1.5 million -RRB- and about 2 % of Afghanistan 's population . Baloch people co-inhabit desert and mountainous regions with Pashtuns , Baloch people practice Islam , are predominantly Sunni , and use Urdu as a lingua-franca to communicate with other ethnic groups , such as Pashtuns and Sindhis , similar to the rest of Pakistan . Prominent Baloch people in Pakistan include former Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali and former President Asif Ali Zardari who is an ethnic Baloch from Sindh . Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry born in Quetta , is the longest-serving Chief Justice of Pakistan is another prominent Baloch personality . The son of Benazir Bhutto , Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the Chief of the Baloch Zardari tribe . Farooq Leghari was the first ever ethnic Baloch to be elected President , he was the tribal chief of the Leghari tribe . ", "The Karachay-Balkar language -LRB- Къарачай-Малкъар тил , Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил , Tawlu til -RRB- is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars . It is divided into two dialects : Karachay-Baksan-Chegem , which pronounces two phonemes as -LSB- / tʃ / -RSB- and -LSB- / dʒ / -RSB- , and Balkar , which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as -LSB- / ts / -RSB- and -LSB- / z / -RSB- . The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect . The language is closely related to Kumyk . ", "The Western Iranian languages are a branch of the Iranian languages , attested from the time of Old Persian -LRB- 6th century BC -RRB- and Median . ", "Zaza -- Gorani is a group of Northwestern Iranian languages . They are usually classified as a non-Kurdish branch of the Northwestern Iranian languages , but most of their speakers consider themselves ethnic Kurds . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Joy_of_Painting", "Bob_Ross", "James_Whitney_Fosburgh", "Amateur's_Guide_to_Love", "Bob_Barker" ]

[ "The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11 , 1983 , until May 17 , 1994 . In each episode , Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting , completing a painting in each session . The program followed the same format as its predecessor , The Magic of Oil Painting , hosted by Ross 's mentor Bill Alexander . ", "Robert Norman Ross -LRB- October 29 , 1942 -- July 4 , 1995 -RRB- was an American painter , art instructor , and television host . He was the creator and host of The Joy of Painting , an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States , and also aired in Canada , Latin America , and Europe . With a soft voice and a permed afro , Ross went from being a television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to an Internet celebrity popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites . ", "James Whitney Fosburgh -LRB- 1910 -- 1978 -RRB- was an American painter , art collector , and art historian . In addition to lecturing and writing about art , he served as Chairman of the Special Committee for White House Paintings under both President Kennedy and President Johnson . Fosburgh and his wife , Mary -LRB- `` Minnie '' -RRB- Cushing , were prominent art collectors in New York City . ", "The Amateur 's Guide to Love is an American television game show , created by Merrill Heatter and Bob Quigley , that ran on CBS from March 27 to June 23 , 1972 . Gene Rayburn was the emcee , while Kenny Williams was the announcer . The theme was written by Mort Garson . Each episode began with Garson 's theme song , set to shots of a van emblazoned with the Amateur 's Guide to Love logo driving around southern California , with scenes of men and women falling in love with each other . As the van travels around , host Gene Rayburn sets the scene for the game show : Afterwards , the show would then cut to the studio , where announcer Kenny Williams would introduce this week 's panelists -LRB- `` our guidebook advisors '' -RRB- , and Rayburn . ", "Robert William Barker -LRB- born December 12 , 1923 -RRB- is an American former television game show host . He is best known for hosting CBS 's The Price Is Right from 1972 to 2007 , making it the longest-running daytime game show in North American television history , and for hosting Truth or Consequences from 1956 to 1974 . Born in Darrington , Washington to modest circumstances , Barker enlisted in the United States Navy during World War II . Barker worked part-time in radio while he attended college . In 1950 , Barker moved to California in order to pursue a career in broadcasting . He was given his own radio show , The Bob Barker Show , which ran for the next six years . Barker began his game show career in 1956 , hosting Truth or Consequences . From there , he hosted various game shows as well as the Miss Universe and Miss USA pageants from 1967 to 1987 giving him the distinction of being the longest serving host of these pageants . Eventually , he began hosting The Price Is Right in 1972 . When his wife Dorothy Jo died , Barker became an advocate for animal rights and of animal-rights activism , supporting groups such as the United Activists for Animal Rights and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society . In 2007 , Barker retired from hosting The Price Is Right after celebrating his 50-year career on television . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "International_use_of_the_U.S._dollar", "Reserve_currency", "United_States_dollar", "Hawaiian_dollar", "United_States_customary_units" ]

[ "Besides being the main currency of the United States , the American dollar is used as the standard unit of currency in international markets for commodities such as gold and petroleum -LRB- the latter , sometimes called petrocurrency , is the source of the term petrodollar -RRB- . Some non-U.S. companies dealing in globalized markets , such as Airbus , list their prices in dollars . The U.S. dollar is the world 's foremost reserve currency . In addition to holdings by central banks and other institutions , there are many private holdings , which are believed to be mostly in one-hundred-dollar banknotes -LRB- indeed , most American banknotes actually are held outside the United States -RRB- . All holdings of U.S.-dollar bank deposits held by non-residents of the United States are known as `` eurodollars '' -LRB- not to be confused with the euro -RRB- , regardless of the location of the bank holding the deposit -LRB- which may be inside or outside the U.S. -RRB- . Economist Paul Samuelson and others -LRB- including , at his death , Milton Friedman -RRB- have maintained that the overseas demand for dollars allows the United States to maintain persistent trade deficits without causing the value of the currency to depreciate or the flow of trade to readjust . But Samuelson stated in 2005 that at some uncertain future period these pressures would precipitate a run against the U.S. dollar with serious global financial consequences . ", "A reserve currency -LRB- or anchor currency -RRB- is a currency that is held in significant quantities by governments and institutions as part of their foreign exchange reserves . The reserve currency is commonly used in international transactions , international investments and all aspects of the global economy . It is often considered a hard currency or safe-haven currency . People who live in a country that issues a reserve currency can purchase imports and borrow across borders more cheaply than people in other nations because they do not need to exchange their currency to do so . By the end of the 20th century , the United States dollar was considered the world 's most dominant reserve currency , followed by the Euro . The world 's need for dollars has allowed the United States government as well as Americans to borrow at lower costs , granting them an advantage in excess of $ 100 billion per year . However , the U.S. dollar 's status as a reserve currency , by increasing its value , hurts U.S. exporters . ", "Infobox currency | currency_name_in_local = | image_1 = USDnotes.png | image_title_1 = Federal Reserve Notes | iso_code = USD | iso_number = 840 | iso_exponent = 2 | superunit_name_1 = eagle | subunit_name_1 = dime | symbol = $ | nickname = | frequently_used_banknotes = $ 1 , $ 5 , $ 10 , $ 20 , $ 50 , $ 100 | rarely_used_banknotes = $ 2 | frequently_used_coins = 1 cents , 5 cents , 10 cents , 25 cents | rarely_used_coins = 50 cents , $ 1 | superunit_ratio_1 = 10 | superunit_ratio_2 = 100 | superunit_ratio_3 = 1000 | superunit_name_2 = union | superunit_name_3 = grand | subunit_ratio_1 = | subunit_ratio_2 = | subunit_ratio_3 = | subunit_name_2 = cent | subunit_name_3 = mill | symbol_subunit_2 = cents | symbol_subunit_3 = | banknote_article = Banknotes of the United States dollar | coin_article = Coins of the United States dollar | using_countries = Alongside East Timor centavo coinsAlongside Ecuadorian centavo coinsAlongside Panamanian balboa coinsOfficial currency for Zimbabwean government transactions | unofficial_users = The United States dollar -LRB- sign : $ ; code : USD ; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar , U.S. dollar , or American dollar -RRB- is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution . It is divided into 100 smaller cent units . The circulating paper money consists of Federal Reserve Notes that are denominated in United States dollars . The U.S. dollar is commodity money of silver as enacted by the Coinage Act of 1792 which determined the dollar to be 371 4/16 grain -LRB- 24.1 g -RRB- pure or 416 grain -LRB- 27.0 g -RRB- standard silver . Since the currency is the most used in international transactions , it is the world 's primary reserve currency . Several countries use it as their official currency , and in many others it is the de facto currency . Besides the United States , it is also used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean : the British Virgin Islands and Turks and Caicos Islands . A few countries use the Federal Reserve Notes for paper money , while still minting their own coins , or also accept U.S. dollar coins -LRB- such as the Susan B. Anthony dollar -RRB- . ", "The dollar or dala was the currency of Hawaii between 1847 and 1898 . It was equal to the United States dollar and was divided into 100 cents or keneta . Only sporadic issues were made , which circulated alongside United States currency . ", "United States customary units are a system of measurements commonly used in the United States . The United States customary system -LRB- USCS or USC -RRB- developed from English units which were in use in the British Empire before the U.S. became an independent country . However , the United Kingdom 's system of measures was overhauled in 1824 to create the imperial system , changing the definitions of some units . Therefore , while many U.S. units are essentially similar to their Imperial counterparts , there are significant differences between the systems . The majority of U.S. customary units were redefined in terms of the meter and the kilogram with the Mendenhall Order of 1893 and , in practice , for many years before . These definitions were refined by the international yard and pound agreement of 1959 . Americans primarily use customary units in commercial activities , as well as for personal and social use . In science , medicine , many sectors of industry and some of government and military , metric units are used . The International System of Units -LRB- SI -RRB- , the modern form of the metric system , is preferred for many uses by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology -LRB- NIST -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Tadayuki_Kawahito", "Otohiko_Kaga", "East_Africa", "Japan", "Japan_national_football_team" ]

[ "is a Japanese photographer . ", "is a Japanese author . ", "East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent , variably defined by geography or geopolitics . In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions , 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa : Tanzania , Kenya , Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi and South Sudan -- in Central East Africa , are members of the East African Community -LRB- EAC -RRB- . The first five are also included in the African Great Lakes region . Burundi and Rwanda are sometimes also considered to be part of Central Africa . Djibouti , Eritrea , Ethiopia and Somalia -- collectively known as the Horn of Africa . Comoros , Mauritius and Seychelles -- small island nations in the Indian Ocean . Réunion and Mayotte -- French overseas territories also in the Indian Ocean . Mozambique and Madagascar -- often considered part of Southern Africa , on the eastern side of the sub-continent . Madagascar has close cultural ties to Southeast Asia and the islands of the Indian Ocean . Malawi , Zambia and Zimbabwe -- often also included in Southern Africa , and formerly constituted the Central African Federation -LRB- also known historically as the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland -RRB- . Egypt , Sudan and South Sudan -LRB- newly independent from Sudan -RRB- -- collectively part of the Nile Valley . Situated in the northeastern portion of the continent , and Egypt and the Sudans are often included in Northern Africa . Also members of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa -LRB- COMESA -RRB- free trade area . Due to colonial territories of the British East Africa Protectorate and German East Africa , the term East Africa is often -LRB- especially in the English language -RRB- used to specifically refer to the area now comprising the three countries of Kenya , Tanzania and Uganda . However , this has never been the convention in many other languages , where the term generally had a wider , strictly geographic context and therefore typically included Djibouti , Eritrea , Ethiopia , and Somalia . ", "Japan -LRB- 日本 Nippon -LSB- ɲip̚poɴ -RSB- or Nihon -LSB- ɲihoɴ -RSB- formally or Nihon-koku , meaning `` State of Japan '' -RRB- is a sovereign island nation in East Asia . Located in the Pacific Ocean , it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland , and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the southwest . The kanji that make up Japan 's name mean `` sun origin '' . 日 can be read as ni and means sun , while 本 can be read as hon , or pon and means origin . Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet `` Land of the Rising Sun '' in reference to its Japanese name . Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands . The four largest are Honshu , Hokkaido , Kyushu and Shikoku , which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan 's land area and often are referred to as home islands . The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions ; Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one . The population of 127 million is the world 's tenth largest . Japanese people make up 98.5 % of Japan 's total population . Approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo , the capital of Japan . Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period . The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD . Influence from other regions , mainly China , followed by periods of isolation , particularly from Western Europe , has characterized Japan 's history . From the 12th century until 1868 , Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor . Japan entered into a long period of isolation in the early 17th century , which was ended in 1853 when a United States fleet pressured Japan to open to the West . After nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection , the Imperial Court regained its political power in 1868 through the help of several clans from Chōshū and Satsuma , and the Empire of Japan was established . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , victories in the First Sino-Japanese War , the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism . The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941 , which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Japanese surrender . Since adopting its revised constitution on May 3 , 1947 during the occupation by the SCAP , Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet . Japan is a member of the UN , the OECD , the G7 , the G8 , and the G20 and is considered a great power . The country has the world 's third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the world 's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . It is also the world 's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer . The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most highly educated countries in the world , with one of the highest percentages of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree . Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war , it maintains a modern military with the world 's eighth-largest military budget , used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles . Japan is a developed country with a very high standard of living and Human Development Index . Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world . ", "The represents Japan in association football and is operated by the Japan Football Association -LRB- JFA -RRB- , the governing body for association football in Japan . The current head coach is Vahid Halilhodžić . Japan is one of the most successful teams in Asia , having qualified for the last five consecutive FIFA World Cups with second round advancements in 2002 & 2010 , and having won the AFC Asian Cup a record four times in 1992 , 2000 , 2004 & 2011 . The team has also finished second in the 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup . Their principal continental rivals are South Korea and , most recently , Australia . Japan is the only team from outside the Americas to participate in the Copa América , having been invited in 1999 and 2011 . Although they initially accepted the invitation for the 2011 tournament , the JFA later withdrew following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . The Japanese team is commonly known by the fans and media as , , or as abbreviated expressions . Although the team does not have an official nickname as such , it is often known by the name of the manager . For example , under Takeshi Okada , the team was known as . Recently the team has been known or nicknamed as the `` Samurai Blue '' , while Japanese news media still refer it to by the manager 's last name , as , or in an abbreviated form . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Phoenix,_Arizona", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area", "Tempe,_Arizona", "Eloy,_Arizona", "Arizona" ]

[ "Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . ", "Tempe -LRB- -LSB- tɛmˈpiː -RSB- ; Oidbaḍ in Pima -RRB- , also known as Hayden 's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona , is a city in Maricopa County , Arizona , United States , with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719 . The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece . Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix ; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west , Scottsdale on the north , Chandler on the south , and Mesa on the east . Tempe is also the location of Arizona State University . ", "Eloy is a city in Pinal County , Arizona , United States , about 50 miles northwest of Tucson and about 65 miles southeast of Phoenix . According to the 2010 census , the population of the city is 16,631 . ", "Arizona -LRB- -LSB- ɛərᵻˈzoʊnə , _ ærᵻ - -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- Hoozdo Hahoodzo -LSB- xòːztò xɑ̀xòːtsò -RSB- O'odham : Alĭ ṣonak -LSB- ˡaɺi ˡʃonak -RSB- -RRB- is a state in the southwestern region of the United States . It is also part of the Western and the Mountain states . It is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states . Its capital and largest city is Phoenix . Arizona is one of the Four Corners states . It has borders with New Mexico , Utah , Nevada , California , and Mexico , and one point in common with the southwestern corner of Colorado . Arizona 's border with Mexico is 389 miles -LRB- 626 km -RRB- long , on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California . Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union , achieving statehood on February 14 , 1912 . Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain , it became part of independent Mexico in 1821 . After being defeated in the Mexican -- American War , Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848 . The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase . Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate , with very hot summers and mild winters . Northern Arizona features forests of pine , Douglas fir , and spruce trees ; the Colorado Plateau ; some mountain ranges -LRB- such as the San Francisco Mountains -RRB- ; as well as large , deep canyons , with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls . There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff , Alpine , and Tucson . In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park , there are several national forests , national parks , and national monuments . About one-quarter of the state is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of 27 federally recognized Native American tribes , including the Navajo Nation , the largest in the state and the United States , with more than 300,000 citizens . Although federal law gave all Native Americans the right to vote in 1924 , Arizona excluded those living on reservations from voting until its state Supreme Court ruled in 1948 in favor of Native American plaintiffs . " ]

[ 1, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Azithromycin", "Gatifloxacin", "Neothramycin", "Tuclazepam", "Bevacizumab" ]

[ "Azithromycin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections . This includes middle ear infections , strep throat , pneumonia , traveler 's diarrhea , and certain other intestinal infections . It may also be used for a number of sexually transmitted infections including chlamydia and gonorrhea infections . Along with other medications , it may also be used for malaria . It can be taken by mouth or intravenously with doses once per day . Common side effects include nausea , vomiting , diarrhea and upset stomach . An allergic reaction or a type of diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile is possible . No harm has been found with its use during pregnancy . Its safety during breastfeeding is not confirmed , but it is likely safe . Azithromycin is an azalide , a type of macrolide antibiotic . It works by decreasing the production of protein , thus stopping bacterial growth . Azithromycin was first made in 1980 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . It is available as a generic medication and is sold under many trade names worldwide . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.18 to 2.98 USD per dose . In the United States it is about 33 USD for a course of treatment . ", "Gatifloxacin sold under the brand names Gatiflo , Tequin and Zymar , is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family , that like other members of that family , inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV . Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced Gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections , having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan . Allergan produces it in eye-drop formulation under the names Zymar and Zymaxid . In many countries , gatifloxacin is also available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy . ", "thumb | Neothramycin A and B Neothramycin A and B are stereoisomeric antibiotics with anticancer activity . The stereoisomers are interchangeable in aqueous solution and the antibiotic , Neothramycin , contains both in approximately equal amounts . They belong to the pyrrolo -LRB- 1,4 -RRB- benzodiazepine , or anthramycin , group which includes other antibiotics such as anthramycin , tomaymycin , and sibiromycin . Neothramycin was originally isolated from Streptomyces No . MC916-C4 , a cycloheximide-producing strain , by Umezawa et al. . Subsequent testing has shown its capabilities as an anticancer drug , antiprotozoal drug , and even possible uses in DNA fluorescence based assays . Its activities against cancer warranted phase I testing of the drug . More recently , in 1991 , anthramycin derivatives , which are very similar to neothramycin , have been investigated for their ability to link DNA when dimerized . These compounds were tested using a fluorescence based assay . These compounds showed an ability to bind dG-containing DNA duplexes with high specificity . This specificity of a DNA crosslinking agent is highly sought after since most are electrophiles and bind indiscriminately . The data collected also showed that pyrrolo -LRB- 1,4 -RRB- benzodiazepines can also be used to measure the fluorescence polarization anisotropy on the 0.1-100 ns time scale . ", "Tuclazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative . ", "Bevacizumab , sold under the trade name Avastin , is medication used to treat a number of types of cancers and a specific eye disease . For cancer it is given by slow injection into a vein and used for colon cancer , lung cancer , glioblastoma , and renal-cell carcinoma . For age-related macular degeneration it is given by injection into the eye . Common side effects when use for cancer include nose bleeds , headache , high blood pressure , and rash . Other severe side effects include gastrointestinal perforation , bleeding , allergic reactions , blood clots , and an increased risk of infection . When used for eye disease side effects can include vision loss and retinal detachment . Bevacizumab is in the angiogenesis inhibitor and monoclonal antibody families of medication . It works by slowing the growth of new blood vessels . Bevacizumab was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . It is listed for its use in treating eye disease . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 638.54 USD per vial . This dose in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 242.66 pounds . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Winds_of_Winter", "Giants_of_the_Frost", "The_Winter's_Tale_-LRB-opera-RRB-", "Gezeitenwelt", "Storm_Season" ]

[ "The Winds of Winter is the forthcoming sixth novel in the epic fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin . The previous installment , A Dance with Dragons , covered less story than Martin intended , excluding at least one planned large battle sequence and leaving several character threads ending in cliffhangers . Martin intends to resolve these storylines `` very early '' in The Winds of Winter , saying `` I 'm going to open with the two big battles that I was building up to , the battle in the ice and the battle at Meereen -- the battle of Slaver 's Bay . And then take it from there . '' A Victarion Greyjoy chapter will begin five minutes after the end of A Dance with Dragons , taking place on the eve of the Iron Islanders ' arrival in Slaver 's Bay . Arianne Martell sample chapters that Martin released on his website showed her heading for Griffin 's Roost to see the young man who is calling himself Aegon . Martin said in March 2012 that the final two novels will take readers farther north than any of the previous books , and that the Others will appear in the book . ", "Giants of the Frost is a 2004 horror/fantasy novel by Kim Wilkins . It follows the story of Victoria Scott who after accepting a job on an isolated island is visited by a hag in her nightmares and a sense of familiarity in the haunted forest . In the world of Asgard , Vidar has exiled himself in order to await the reincarnation of the woman he loved . ", "The Winter 's Tale is an opera in three acts by Ryan Wigglesworth . The libretto is by the composer , based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare . The opera , in a production directed by Rory Kinnear , and conducted by the composer , was premiered at the English National Opera on 27 February 2017 . ", "Die Gezeitenwelt -LRB- The World of Tides -RRB- is the name of a series of German fantasy novels . They are set on a planet named World of Tides that is hit by large fragments of a comet with dramatic consequences : The coasts are hit by gigantic tsunamis , earthquakes alter the landscape , a global climate change ensues - and mysterious magic awakes , that lets monsters appear and dreams become reality . A distinct feature of the Gezeitenwelt is its attempted realism in a fantastic context , which is based on research by the authors with the help of geophysicists , archaeologists , anthropologists and biologists . The series was planned in three groups of four books . After the release of the introductory group , the publisher Piper Verlag offered only to finish the series with one instead of eight more books , which the authors refused . The series rests at the moment -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . ", "Storm Season is the fourth studio album by the Norwegian progressive rock band White Willow . It is the last album to feature Sylvia Erichsen -LRB- currently known as Sylvia Skjellestad -RRB- on vocals until her return on 2011 's Terminal Twilight . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Toy_Story_2", "The_Home_Electrical", "The_Incredibles_2", "Pinky-COLON-St", "Kids_II,_Inc." ]

[ "Toy Story 2 is a 1999 American computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed by John Lasseter and co-directed by Lee Unkrich and Ash Brannon , it is the sequel to the 1995 film Toy Story . In the film , Woody is stolen by a toy collector , prompting Buzz Lightyear and his friends to vow to rescue him , but Woody is then tempted by the idea of immortality in a museum . Many of the original characters and voices from Toy Story return for this sequel , and several new characters -- including Jessie -LRB- voiced by Joan Cusack -RRB- , Barbie -LRB- voiced by Jodi Benson -RRB- , Stinky Pete -LRB- voiced by Kelsey Grammer -RRB- and Mrs. Potato Head -LRB- voiced by Estelle Harris -RRB- -- are introduced . It was the last Toy Story film that starred Jim Varney as Slinky Dog before his death in 2000 . Disney initially envisioned the film as a direct-to-video sequel . Toy Story 2 began production in a building separated from Pixar , on a small scale , as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working on A Bug 's Life -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . When story reels proved promising , Disney upgraded the film to theatrical release , but Pixar was unhappy with the film 's quality . Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend . Although most Pixar features take years to develop , the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule for Toy Story 2 was compressed into nine months . Despite production struggles , Toy Story 2 opened in November 1999 to wildly successful box office numbers , eventually grossing over $ 497 million , and received universal acclaim from critics . Toy Story 2 has been considered by critics to be one of few sequel films to outshine the original , and it continues to be featured frequently on lists of the greatest animated films ever made . The film has seen multiple home media releases and a theatrical 3-D re-release in 2009 , 10 years after its initial release . Toy Story 3 was released in 2010 , which was also critically and commercially successful . ", "The Home Electrical was a 1915 one-reeler promotional silent short film produced by the American company General Electric that showcased the latest electrical appliances at the time , such as washing machine , vacuum cleaner , electric car and toaster . The main character is a young man named Mr. Newhouse , who tests new household products in a house filled with technological innovations . The film is 11 minutes long . The film won two gold medals at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition , a San Francisco world 's fair which lasted between February 20 and December 4 in 1915 . ", "The Incredibles 2 is an upcoming 2018 American 3D computer-animated superhero film , and is the sequel to The Incredibles -LRB- 2004 -RRB- . It is in production by Pixar Animation Studios , and will be released by Walt Disney Pictures . It is being written and directed by Brad Bird , the writer and director of the first film . The movie is scheduled to be released on June 15 , 2018 and will be given an IMAX release . ", "Pinky : St , also written , are plastic -LRB- PET -RRB- figures designed by BabySue and manufactured by the Japanese company Vance Project . Their distinguishing feature is the interchangeable parts . The heads , hair styles , clothing and accessories can easily be switched between figures according to taste . The figures are about 10 cm -LRB- 4 in -RRB- tall and compatible with 1:18 scale dollhouses , furniture , vehicles and other accessories . Many special edition Pinky : st figures have been produced based on characters from Japanese anime , manga and video games . Beyond the base sets available for purchase , there is an active customization community . Pinky garage kits are also available . Some limited figures are released at Wonder Festival , where unofficial mods and garage kits are also unveiled . ", "Kids II , Inc. is an infant and toddler product manufacturer based in Atlanta , Georgia . The company designs , manufactures and markets Bright Starts , Baby Einstein , Comfort & Harmony , Ingenuity , Taggies and Oball brand products . Kids II has international affiliate operation locations in Australia , Canada , Europe , China , Hong Kong , Japan , Mexico and South Africa . In 2013 , Kids II has more than 400 products under its brands . Ryan Gunnigle is the company 's president and CEO . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sejong_the_Great", "Taejong_of_Joseon", "Gwon_Ram", "Park_Se-hak", "Yung_Bok_Kim" ]

[ "Sejong the Great -LRB- -LSB- se.dʑoŋ -RSB- ; 15 May 1397 - 8 April 1450 -RRB- was the fourth king of Joseon-dynasty Korea . He was the third son of King Taejong and Queen consort Min . He was designated as heir-apparent , Crown Prince , after his older brother Jae was stripped of his title . He ascended to the throne in 1418 . During the first four years of his reign , Taejong governed as regent , after which his father-in-law , Sim On , and his close associates were executed . Sejong reinforced Confucian policies and executed major `` legal amendments '' . He also created the Korean alphabet Hangul , encouraged advancements of scientific technology , and instituted many other efforts to stabilize and improve prosperity . He dispatched military campaigns to the north and instituted the Samin Policy to attract new settlers to the region . To the south , he subjugated Japanese raiders and captured Tsushima Island . During his reign from 1418 to 1450 , he governed from 1422 to 1442 and governed as regent with his son Crown Prince Munjong until his death in either 1442 or 1450 . Although the appellation `` the Great '' / '' '' was given posthumously to almost every ruler of Goryeo and Joseon , this title is usually associated with Gwanggaeto and Sejong . ", "Taejong of Joseon -LRB- 13 June 1367 -- 30 May 1422 -RRB- was the third king of the Joseon dynasty in Korea and the father of King Sejong the Great . ", "Gwon Ram -LRB- korean : 권람 , 1416 - February 6 , 1465 -RRB- was Korean Joseon Dynastys politician , writer , historian , nationalist , who served as Second or Left State Councillor which is equivalent to Vice Prime Minister . Entourage of Sejo of Joseon . nickname was Sohandang . father-in-law of general Nam i and Sin Sugeun . ", "Park Se-Hak was a South Korean association football player . He retired from Korea Tungsten Company FC in 1968 . After 8 years , He was returned to as manager of Navy FC . Under his management , Navy FC became a strong team and won many championships . Park Se-Hak appointed the first manager of Lucky-Goldstar Hwangso in August 1983 , In his second season -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , Lucky-Goldstar Hwangso won first K-League title ", "Yung Bok Kim -LRB- born February 1956 -RRB- is a South Korean professor of computer engineering at Sejong University in Seoul . He served -LRB- during 2012 -- 2013 -RRB- as the 9th president of Illinois Institute of Technology Korean Alumni Association . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Great_white_shark", "Shark_Kill", "Pyjama_shark", "Left_Shark", "Longnose_stingray" ]

[ "The great white shark -LRB- Carcharodon carcharias -RRB- , also known as the great white , white pointer , white shark , or white death , is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans . The great white shark is notable for its size , with mature female individuals growing up to 6.1 m in length and 1950 kg in weight . However most are smaller , males measuring 11 to and females 15 to on average . According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more , well above previous estimates , making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known . According to the same study , male great white sharks take 26 years to reach sexual maturity , while the females take 33 years to be ready to produce offspring . Great white sharks can accelerate to over 56 km/h for short bursts . The great white shark has no known natural predators other than the killer whale . The great white shark is arguably the world 's largest known extant macropredatory fish , and is one of the primary predators of marine mammals . It is also known to prey upon a variety of other marine animals , including fish and seabirds . It is the only known surviving species of its genus Carcharodon , and is ranked first in having the most recorded shark bite incidents on humans . The IUCN list the great white shark as a vulnerable species , while it is included in Appendix II of CITES . The novel Jaws by Peter Benchley and the subsequent film by Steven Spielberg depicted the great white shark as a `` ferocious man eater '' . Humans are not the preferred prey of the great white shark , but , nevertheless , the great white is responsible for the largest number of reported and identified fatal unprovoked shark attacks on humans . ", "Shark Kill is a 1976 made-for-television adventure film directed by William A. Graham . The film was one of the first films released to capitalize on the success of the 1975 film Jaws ; both films follow the premise of men hunting a bloodthirsty great white shark . ", "The pyjama shark or striped catshark -LRB- Poroderma africanum -RRB- is a species of catshark , and part of the family Scyliorhinidae , endemic to the coastal waters of South Africa . This abundant , bottom-dwelling species can be found from the intertidal zone to a depth of around 100 m , particularly over rocky reefs and kelp beds . With a series of thick , parallel , dark stripes running along its stout body , the pyjama shark has an unmistakable appearance . It is additionally characterized by a short head and snout with a pair of slender barbels that do not reach the mouth , and two dorsal fins that are placed far back on the body . It can grow up to a length of 1.1 m long . The pyjama shark is primarily nocturnal , spending most of the day lying motionless and hidden in a cave or crevice or among vegetation . It often forms groups , particularly during summer . This species is an opportunistic predator that feeds on a wide variety of fishes and invertebrates ; it favors cephalopods and frequents the spawning grounds of the chokka squid -LRB- Loligo reynaudi -RRB- . When threatened , it curls into a circle with its tail covering its head . Reproduction is oviparous , with females laying rectangular , dark brown egg cases two at a time year-round . This small and harmless shark adapts well to captivity and is commonly displayed in public aquariums . It is often caught as a bycatch of commercial and recreational fisheries . Many are killed by fishers who regard them as pests . Although there are no data suggesting its numbers have declined , the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- has assessed the pyjama shark as Near Threatened because of expanding small shark fishery activities within its limited range . ", "`` Left Shark '' is the name of a character from Katy Perry 's performance at the Super Bowl XLIX halftime show in 2015 . Left Shark , on house left , Perry 's right , received significant fan and media attention during and after the halftime performance because of its distinct dance moves , which were both offbeat and out of sync to the `` Right Shark '' . Left Shark quickly became an Internet sensation , appearing on social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter and also became an internet meme . Left Shark was performed by Bryan Gaw , one of Perry 's longtime background dancers . ", "The longnose stingray -LRB- Dasyatis guttata -RRB- is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae , native to the western Atlantic Ocean from the southern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil . Found in coastal waters no deeper than 36 m , this demersal species favors muddy or sandy habitats . The longnose stingray is characterized by its angular , rhomboid pectoral fin disc , moderately projecting snout , and whip-like tail with a dorsal keel and ventral fin fold . It typically grows to 1.25 m across and is brownish above and light-colored below . Longnose stingrays feed mainly on bottom-dwelling invertebrates and small bony fishes . Reproduction is aplacental viviparous , with females bearing two litters of 1 -- 2 pups per year . The young are born in relatively fresh water , move into saltier water as juveniles , and then back into fresher water as adults . This species is valued by commercial and recreational fishers in many parts of its range , and utilized for meat , gelatin , oil , and even the aquarium trade . However , the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- presently lacks enough specific information on these activities to assess its conservation status . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Elections_in_Bonaire", "Bonaire", "ABC_islands_-LRB-Lesser_Antilles-RRB-", "ISO_3166-2-COLON-AN", "Aruba" ]

[ "Elections in Bonaire gives information on elections and election results in Bonaire , which was a member of the Netherlands Antilles until its dissolution in 2010 . Bonaire is now a public body of the Netherlands . ", "Bonaire -LRB- pronounced -LSB- bɔːˈnɛər -RSB- or -LSB- bɒnˈɛər -RSB- Bonaire , -LSB- boˈnɛːr -RSB- ; Papiamentu : Boneiru -RRB- is an island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea . Together with Aruba and Curaçao , it forms the group known as the ABC islands , located less than a hundred miles off the north coast of South America near the western part of Venezuela . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , the ABCs lie outside the hurricane belt . The islands have an arid climate , which helps tourism , as visitors to the islands can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . Bonaire is a popular destination for SCUBA divers , and it is also well known for easy access to its various reefs from the shore . Bonaire 's capital is Kralendijk . The island has a permanent population of 18,905 -LRB- as of 1 January 2015 -RRB- and an area of 294 km2 -LRB- together with nearby uninhabited Klein Bonaire -RRB- . Bonaire was part of the Netherlands Antilles until the country 's dissolution in 2010 , when the island became a special municipality within the country of the Netherlands . It is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean ; the other two BES islands are Sint Eustatius and Saba . ", "The ABC islands are the three western-most islands of the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea that lie north of Falcón State , Venezuela . From west to east they are , in order Aruba , Curaçao , and Bonaire . All three islands are part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , although they remain outside the European Union . Aruba and Curaçao are autonomous , self-governing constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , while Bonaire is a special municipality of the Netherlands proper . ", "ISO 3166-2 : AN was the entry for the Netherlands Antilles in ISO 3166-2 , part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization -LRB- ISO -RRB- , which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions -LRB- e.g. , provinces or states -RRB- of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1 . The Netherlands Antilles were officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code before it was dissolved into five separate territories in 2010 , and the entry has been deleted from ISO 3166-1 as a result . Curaçao and Sint Maarten , which became `` countries '' in the Kingdom of the Netherlands , are now assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes and respectively . Bonaire , Sint Eustatius , and Saba , which became `` special municipalities '' of the Netherlands , are now assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code under the collective entry `` Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba '' . No ISO 3166-2 codes were ever defined in the entry for the Netherlands Antilles . ", "Aruba -LRB- -LSB- əˈruːbə -RSB- ; -LSB- aːˈrubaː -RSB- -RRB- is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the southern Caribbean Sea , located about 1600 km west of the main part of the Lesser Antilles and 29 km north of the coast of Venezuela . It measures 32 km long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and 10 km across at its widest point . Together with Bonaire and Curaçao , Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands . Collectively , Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean . Aruba is one of the four countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands , along with the Netherlands , Curaçao and Sint Maarten . The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality : Dutch . Aruba has no administrative subdivisions , but , for census purposes , is divided into eight regions . Its capital is Oranjestad . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , Aruba has a dry climate and an arid , cactus-strewn landscape . This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . It has a land area of 179 km2 and is densely populated , with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census . It lies outside Hurricane Alley . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "ASAP_Rocky", "Peso_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Rocky_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "Marc_Klasfeld", "Derek_Wayne_Johnson" ]

[ "Rakim Mayers -LRB- born October 3 , 1988 -RRB- , better known by his stage name ASAP Rocky -LRB- stylized as A$ AP Rocky -RRB- , is an American rapper , record producer , director , actor and model from the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan , New York . He is a member of the hip hop group A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . Rocky released his debut mixtape Live . Love . A$ AP , in 2011 to critical acclaim . The success of his mixtape led to a record deal with Polo Grounds Music , RCA Records , and Sony Music Entertainment . He subsequently recorded his 2013 debut album Long . Live . A$ AP , which was also well received by critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . In 2015 , Rocky released his second studio album titled At . Long . Last . A$ AP . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , making it Rocky 's second consecutive album to debut at number one and has received critical acclaim from music critics . Rocky has also directed music videos for himself , Danny Brown and other A$ AP Mob members . He is also a noted record producer , producing under the pseudonym Lord Flacko . ", "`` Peso '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist ASAP Rocky , produced by his ASAP Mob cohort , ASAP Ty Beats . The song , released as Rocky 's debut single , is also the lead single from his critically acclaimed breakout mixtape Live . Love . ASAP -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . The song contains a sample of The S.O.S. Band 's `` No One 's Gon na Love You '' , from their 1984 album Just the Way You Like It . ", "Rocky is a 2008 Kannada romantic drama film directed by S. K. Nagendra Urs and written by Vijay Chendur . The film features Yash and newcomer Bianca Desai in the lead roles along with Jai Jagadish , Ramesh Bhat and Santhosh in other pivotal roles . The film featured original score and soundtrack composed by Venkat-Narayan . The film met with negative response with critics noting the screenplay and story to be following the lines of Mungaaru Male . ", "Marc Klasfeld is an American music video director . He has directed over two hundred music videos for artists such as Katy Perry , Jay-Z , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Britney Spears , Kid Rock , Michael Bublé , Nelly , Foo Fighters , Charli XCX , Nick Jonas , Shakira , Avril Lavigne , Aerosmith and many others with multiple award wins and nominations . His hit video for Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth 's `` See You Again '' is not only the first Hip Hop video to ever reach 2 billion views on YouTube , but the fastest to ever achieve the landmark . It is currently the 2nd most viewed music video ever behind Psy 's `` Gangnam Style '' . He is also the founder of Rockhard , a music video production company that has produced videos for Justin Bieber , Lady Gaga , LMFAO , Britney Spears , Aerosmith , Prince , Mariah Carey , Kelly Rowland , Jessie J , Pixie Lott , Adam Lambert , Big Time Rush among others . He is also a director of television commercials for Target , Nike , NFL , NBA , Motorola , Reebok , Cartoon Network and Hummer . His best-known commercial work is for Justin Timberlake 's Target campaign , ESPN 's This is Sportscenter campaign , Hammer Pants Dance for the A&E Network 's reality show Hammertime , Avril Lavigne 's Canon campaigns and Smirnoff 's Green Tea Partay viral video sung by Sebastian Siegel . On March 29 , 2010 Klasfeld released a comedic video of an elementary school reenactment of the Al Pacino film Scarface , entitled `` Scarface School Play '' . It was a viral sensation that was featured on CNN , CBS , ABC , NBC and Fox News Channel . Klasfeld made his feature film writing and directorial debut in 2005 with The L.A. Riot Spectacular . He has also directed for the HBO show Oz . He is a graduate of NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts . ", "Derek Wayne Johnson -LRB- born February 23 , 1983 -RRB- is an American film director , screenwriter and film producer . Born and raised in Carthage , Texas , Johnson began making short films at an early age winning several awards while still in high school . Johnson directed his first feature film in his senior year of film school . After college he broke into the movie business by directing independent films in Texas and Louisiana , eventually making his way to Hollywood . In 2014 Johnson began production on a documentary about Academy Award-winning director John G. Avildsen whose credits include Rocky -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , The Karate Kid -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and many other classic hits . The documentary , entitled John G. Avildsen : King of the Underdogs -LRB- 2017 -RRB- , will examine the life , career and films of the legendary director and features interviews with Sylvester Stallone , Ralph Macchio , Martin Scorsese , Jerry Weintraub , Burt Reynolds and many more . The documentary is a companion to the new book The Films of John G. Avildsen : Rocky , The Karate Kid , and Other Underdogs written by Larry Powell and Tom Garrett . In 2016 Johnson was handpicked by Sylvester Stallone to direct a documentary marking the fortieth anniversary of Rocky -LRB- 1976 -RRB- entitled 40 Years of Rocky : The Birth of a Classic -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . The documentary will feature Stallone and Rocky -LRB- 1976 -RRB- director John G. Avildsen as they narrate behind-the-scenes footage from the making of the film . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Gaius_Julius_Cornutus_Tertullus_the_Younger", "Benjamin_Caesar", "Gaius_Julius_Victor", "Tiberius_Junius_Brutus" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus was a prominent Roman citizen , the son of Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus though the identity of his mother is unknown . He was born and raised in Perga , the capital of the Roman province of Pamphylia . Unfortunately very little is known on him . This Tertullus married a Roman woman from Perga called Plancia Magna , who was a prominent citizen and patron of Perga . Magna was the daughter of Roman Senator and Proconsul Marcus Plancius Varus and Herodian Princess Julia . Tertullus and Magna had a son and only child called Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . ", "Gaius Julius Victor -LRB- 4th century -RRB- was a Roman writer of rhetoric , possibly of Gaulish origin . His extant manual is of some importance as facilitating the textual criticism of Quintilian , whom he closely follows in many places . ", "Tiberius Junius Brutus -LRB- died c. 509 BCE -RRB- was the younger son of Lucius Junius Brutus , who was one of Rome 's first two consuls in 509 BCE . His mother was Vitellia . At the invitation of his uncles , called Vitellii , he and his elder brother Titus Junius Brutus joined the Tarquinian conspiracy . When the conspiracy was discovered , he and the other conspirators were executed by order of the consuls . Punishment was carried out by the lictors , and included being stripped naked , beaten with rods and then beheaded . Lucius Junius Brutus was admired for his strong stance in ordering the execution of his sons , although at times during the execution he showed his emotions . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Uranium", "Moscovium", "Nuclear_weapon", "Transactinide_element", "Iodine-131" ]

[ "Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92 . It is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table . A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons , of which 6 are valence electrons . Uranium is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable -LRB- with half-lives of the six naturally known isotopes , uranium-233 to uranium-238 , varying between 69 years and 4.5 billion years -RRB- . The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238 -LRB- which has 146 neutrons and accounts for over 99 % -RRB- and uranium-235 -LRB- which has 143 neutrons -RRB- . Uranium has the highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements . Its density is about 70 % higher than that of lead , and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten . It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil , rock and water , and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite . In nature , uranium is found as uranium-238 -LRB- 99.2739 -- 99.2752 % -RRB- , uranium-235 -LRB- 0.7198 -- 0.7202 % -RRB- , and a very small amount of uranium-234 -LRB- 0.0050 -- 0.0059 % -RRB- . Uranium decays slowly by emitting an alpha particle . The half-life of uranium-238 is about 4.47 billion years and that of uranium-235 is 704 million years , making them useful in dating the age of the Earth . Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties . Uranium-235 is the only naturally occurring fissile isotope , which makes it widely used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons . However , because of the tiny amounts found in nature , uranium needs to undergo enrichment so that enough uranium-235 is present . Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons , and is fertile , meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor . Another fissile isotope , uranium-233 , can be produced from natural thorium and is also important in nuclear technology . Uranium-238 has a small probability for spontaneous fission or even induced fission with fast neutrons ; uranium-235 and to a lesser degree uranium-233 have a much higher fission cross-section for slow neutrons . In sufficient concentration , these isotopes maintain a sustained nuclear chain reaction . This generates the heat in nuclear power reactors , and produces the fissile material for nuclear weapons . Depleted uranium -LRB- 238U -RRB- is used in kinetic energy penetrators and armor plating . Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass , producing lemon yellow to green colors . Uranium glass fluoresces green in ultraviolet light . It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography . The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth , who named the new element after the planet Uranus . Eugène-Melchior Péligot was the first person to isolate the metal and its radioactive properties were discovered in 1896 by Henri Becquerel . Research by Otto Hahn , Lise Meitner , Enrico Fermi and others , such as J. Robert Oppenheimer starting in 1934 led to its use as a fuel in the nuclear power industry and in Little Boy , the first nuclear weapon used in war . An ensuing arms race during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union produced tens of thousands of nuclear weapons that used uranium metal and uranium-derived plutonium-239 . The security of those weapons and their fissile material following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 is an ongoing concern for public health and safety . See Nuclear proliferation . ", "Moscovium is a superheavy synthetic element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115 . It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research -LRB- JINR -RRB- in Dubna , Russia . In December 2015 , it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of international scientific bodies IUPAC and IUPAP . On 28 November 2016 , it was officially named after the Moscow region , which the JINR is situated in . Moscovium is an extremely radioactive element : its most stable known isotope , moscovium-290 , has a half-life of only 0.8 seconds . In the periodic table , it is a p-block transactinide element . It is a member of the 7th period and is placed in group 15 as the heaviest pnictogen , although it has not been confirmed to behave as a heavier homologue of the pnictogen bismuth . Moscovium is calculated to have some properties similar to its lighter homologues , nitrogen , phosphorus , arsenic , antimony , and bismuth , and to be a post-transition metal , although it should also show several major differences from them . About 100 atoms of moscovium have been observed to date , all of which have been shown to have mass numbers from 287 to 290 . ", "A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions , either fission -LRB- fission bomb -RRB- or a combination of fission and fusion -LRB- thermonuclear weapon -RRB- . Both reactions release large quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter . The first test of a fission -LRB- `` atomic '' -RRB- bomb released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tonTNT . The first thermonuclear -LRB- `` hydrogen '' -RRB- bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 10 e6tonTNT . A thermonuclear weapon weighing little more than 2400 lb can produce an explosive force comparable to the detonation of more than 1.2 e6tonTNT . A nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate an entire city by blast , fire , and radiation . Nuclear weapons are weapons of mass destruction , and their use and control have been a major focus of international relations policy since their debut . Nuclear weapons have been used twice in war , both times by the United States against Japan near the end of World War II . On August 6 , 1945 , the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a uranium gun-type fission bomb nicknamed `` Little Boy '' over the Japanese city of Hiroshima ; three days later , on August 9 , the U.S. Army Air Forces detonated a plutonium implosion-type fission bomb codenamed `` Fat Man '' over the Japanese city of Nagasaki . The bombings resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 civilians and military personnel from acute injuries sustained from the explosions . The ethics of the bombings and their role in Japan 's surrender are subjects of debate . Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , nuclear weapons have been detonated over two thousand times for testing and demonstration . Only a few nations possess such weapons or are suspected of seeking them . The only countries known to have detonated nuclear weapons -- and acknowledge possessing them -- are -LRB- chronologically by date of first test -RRB- the United States , the Soviet Union -LRB- succeeded as a nuclear power by Russia -RRB- , the United Kingdom , France , the People 's Republic of China , India , Pakistan , and North Korea . Israel is also believed to possess nuclear weapons , though , in a policy of deliberate ambiguity , it does not acknowledge having them . Germany , Italy , Turkey , Belgium and the Netherlands are nuclear weapons sharing states . South Africa is the only country to have independently developed and then renounced and dismantled its nuclear weapons . The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons aims to reduce the spread of nuclear weapons , but its effectiveness has been questioned , and political tensions remained high in the 1970s and 1980s . Modernisation of weapons continues to occur . ", "In chemistry , transactinide elements -LRB- also , transactinides , or super-heavy elements -RRB- are the chemical elements with atomic numbers from 104 to 120 . Their atomic numbers are immediately greater than those of the actinides , the heaviest of which is lawrencium -LRB- atomic number 103 -RRB- . Chemistry Nobelist Glenn T. Seaborg first proposed the actinide concept , which led to the acceptance of the actinide series . He also proposed the transactinide series ranging from element 104 to 121 and the superactinide series approximately spanning elements 122 to 153 . The transactinide seaborgium was named in his honor . By definition , transactinide elements are also transuranic elements , i.e. have an atomic number greater than uranium -LRB- 92 -RRB- . The transactinide elements all have electrons in the 6d subshell in their ground state . Except for rutherfordium and dubnium , even the longest-lasting isotopes of transactinide elements have extremely short half-lives , measured in seconds , or smaller units . The element naming controversy involved the first five or six transactinide elements . These elements thus used systematic names for many years after their discovery had been confirmed . -LRB- Usually the systematic names are replaced with permanent names proposed by the discoverers relatively shortly after a discovery has been confirmed . -RRB- Transactinides are radioactive and have only been obtained synthetically in laboratories . None of these elements has ever been collected in a macroscopic sample . Transactinide elements are all named after physicists and chemists or important locations involved in the synthesis of the elements . IUPAC defines an element to exist if its lifetime is longer than 10 − 14 seconds , which is the time it takes for the nucleus to form an electronic cloud . ", "Iodine-131 -LRB- 131I -RRB- , is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California , Berkeley . It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days . It is associated with nuclear energy , medical diagnostic and treatment procedures , and natural gas production . It also plays a major role as a radioactive isotope present in nuclear fission products , and was a significant contributor to the health hazards from open-air atomic bomb testing in the 1950s , and from the Chernobyl disaster , as well as being a large fraction of the contamination hazard in the first weeks in the Fukushima nuclear crisis . This is because I-131 is a major fission product of uranium and plutonium , comprising nearly 3 % of the total products of fission -LRB- by weight -RRB- . See fission product yield for a comparison with other radioactive fission products . I-131 is also a major fission product of uranium-233 , produced from thorium . Due to its mode of beta decay , iodine-131 is notable for causing mutation and death in cells that it penetrates , and other cells up to several millimeters away . For this reason , high doses of the isotope are sometimes less dangerous than low doses , since they tend to kill thyroid tissues that would otherwise become cancerous as a result of the radiation . For example , children treated with moderate dose of I-131 for thyroid adenomas had a detectable increase in thyroid cancer , but children treated with a much higher dose did not . Likewise , most studies of very-high-dose I-131 for treatment of Graves disease have failed to find any increase in thyroid cancer , even though there is linear increase in thyroid cancer risk with I-131 absorption at moderate doses . Thus , iodine-131 is increasingly less employed in small doses in medical use -LRB- especially in children -RRB- , but increasingly is used only in large and maximal treatment doses , as a way of killing targeted tissues . This is known as `` therapeutic use . '' Iodine-131 can be `` seen '' by nuclear medicine imaging techniques -LRB- i.e. , gamma cameras -RRB- whenever it is given for therapeutic use , since about 10 % of its energy and radiation dose is via gamma radiation . However , since the other 90 % of radiation -LRB- beta radiation -RRB- causes tissue damage without contributing to any ability to see or `` image '' the isotope , other less-damaging radioisotopes of iodine such as iodine-123 -LRB- see isotopes of iodine -RRB- are preferred in situations when only nuclear imaging is required . The isotope I-131 is still occasionally used for purely diagnostic -LRB- i.e. , imaging -RRB- work , due to its low expense compared to other iodine radioisotopes . Very small medical imaging doses of I-131 have not shown any increase in thyroid cancer . The low-cost availability of I-131 , in turn , is due to the relative ease of creating I-131 by neutron bombardment of natural tellurium in a nuclear reactor , then separating I-131 out by various simple methods -LRB- i.e. , heating to drive off the volatile iodine -RRB- . By contrast , other iodine radioisotopes are usually created by far more expensive techniques , starting with reactor radiation of expensive capsules of pressurized xenon gas . Iodine-131 is also one of the most commonly used gamma-emitting radioactive industrial tracer . Radioactive tracer isotopes are injected with hydraulic fracturing fluid to determine the injection profile and location of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing . Much smaller incidental doses of iodine-131 than those used in medical therapeutic procedures , are supposed by some studies to be the major cause of increased thyroid cancers after accidental nuclear contamination . These studies suppose that cancers happen from residual tissue radiation damage caused by the I-131 , and should appear mostly years after exposure , long after the I-131 has decayed . Other studies ca n't find a correlation . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "A smartphone is a mobile personal computer with an advanced mobile operating system with features useful for mobile or handheld use . Smartphones , which are typically pocket-sized -LRB- as opposed to tablets , which are much larger in measurement -RRB- , have the ability to place and receive voice/video calls and create and receive text messages , have personal digital assistants -LRB- such as Siri , Google Assistant , Alexa , Cortana , or Bixby -RRB- , an event calendar , a media player , video games , GPS navigation , digital camera and digital video camera . Smartphones can access the Internet through cellular or Wi-Fi and can run a variety of third-party software components -LRB- `` apps '' from places like Google Play Store or Apple App Store -RRB- . They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76 % of the front surface . The display is almost always a touchscreen and sometimes additionally a touch-enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport BlackBerrys , which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate `` app '' features . In 1999 , the Japanese firm NTT DoCoMo released the first smartphones to achieve mass adoption within a country . Smartphones became widespread in the late 2000s . Most of those produced from 2012 onward have high-speed mobile broadband 4G LTE , motion sensors , and mobile payment features . In the third quarter of 2012 , one billion smartphones were in use worldwide . Global smartphone sales surpassed the sales figures for regular cell phones in early 2013 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "A smartphone is a mobile personal computer with an advanced mobile operating system with features useful for mobile or handheld use . Smartphones , which are typically pocket-sized -LRB- as opposed to tablets , which are much larger in measurement -RRB- , have the ability to place and receive voice/video calls and create and receive text messages , have personal digital assistants -LRB- such as Siri , Google Assistant , Alexa , Cortana , or Bixby -RRB- , an event calendar , a media player , video games , GPS navigation , digital camera and digital video camera . Smartphones can access the Internet through cellular or Wi-Fi and can run a variety of third-party software components -LRB- `` apps '' from places like Google Play Store or Apple App Store -RRB- . They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76 % of the front surface . The display is almost always a touchscreen and sometimes additionally a touch-enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport BlackBerrys , which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate `` app '' features . In 1999 , the Japanese firm NTT DoCoMo released the first smartphones to achieve mass adoption within a country . Smartphones became widespread in the late 2000s . Most of those produced from 2012 onward have high-speed mobile broadband 4G LTE , motion sensors , and mobile payment features . In the third quarter of 2012 , one billion smartphones were in use worldwide . Global smartphone sales surpassed the sales figures for regular cell phones in early 2013 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Terrence_Howard", "Ron_Howard", "Hustle_&_Flow", "Cole_Howard_-LRB-voice_actor-RRB-", "Made_in_America_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "Hustle & Flow is a 2005 American independent drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer and produced by John Singleton and Stephanie Allain . It was released on July 22 , 2005 . Terrence Howard stars as a Memphis hustler and pimp who faces his aspiration to become a rapper . The film is dedicated to Sun Records founder Sam Phillips . The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Three 6 Mafia 's song `` It 's Hard out Here for a Pimp '' . Howard was nominated for Best Actor . ", "Cole Howard -LRB- born 1989 -RRB- is a Canadian stage and voice actor currently living near Vancouver , British Columbia . He voices for films , commercials , anime , cartoons , and video games . He was the voice lead in Bob 's Broken Sleigh . He is also known for his performances as Kosuke Ueki from The Law of Ueki , Van Yamano from Little Battlers Experience and Lief from Deltora Quest . ", "Made in America is a 2013 American documentary film , directed by Ron Howard , about the music festival of the same name founded by Jay-Z . It was screened in the Mavericks section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival . Howard said the festival documentary will be `` a reflection of the fabric of what it means to be ` Made in America ' -- what the festival represents , why Jay is doing it and how he relates to each artist . '' The documentary features performances from Pearl Jam , Odd Future , Dirty Projectors , Skrillex , Santigold , Janelle Monáe , and Run-DMC . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Terrence_Howard", "Ron_Howard", "Hustle_&_Flow", "Cole_Howard_-LRB-voice_actor-RRB-", "Made_in_America_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "Hustle & Flow is a 2005 American independent drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer and produced by John Singleton and Stephanie Allain . It was released on July 22 , 2005 . Terrence Howard stars as a Memphis hustler and pimp who faces his aspiration to become a rapper . The film is dedicated to Sun Records founder Sam Phillips . The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Three 6 Mafia 's song `` It 's Hard out Here for a Pimp '' . Howard was nominated for Best Actor . ", "Cole Howard -LRB- born 1989 -RRB- is a Canadian stage and voice actor currently living near Vancouver , British Columbia . He voices for films , commercials , anime , cartoons , and video games . He was the voice lead in Bob 's Broken Sleigh . He is also known for his performances as Kosuke Ueki from The Law of Ueki , Van Yamano from Little Battlers Experience and Lief from Deltora Quest . ", "Made in America is a 2013 American documentary film , directed by Ron Howard , about the music festival of the same name founded by Jay-Z . It was screened in the Mavericks section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival . Howard said the festival documentary will be `` a reflection of the fabric of what it means to be ` Made in America ' -- what the festival represents , why Jay is doing it and how he relates to each artist . '' The documentary features performances from Pearl Jam , Odd Future , Dirty Projectors , Skrillex , Santigold , Janelle Monáe , and Run-DMC . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Terrence_Howard", "Ron_Howard", "Hustle_&_Flow", "Cole_Howard_-LRB-voice_actor-RRB-", "Made_in_America_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "Hustle & Flow is a 2005 American independent drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer and produced by John Singleton and Stephanie Allain . It was released on July 22 , 2005 . Terrence Howard stars as a Memphis hustler and pimp who faces his aspiration to become a rapper . The film is dedicated to Sun Records founder Sam Phillips . The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Three 6 Mafia 's song `` It 's Hard out Here for a Pimp '' . Howard was nominated for Best Actor . ", "Cole Howard -LRB- born 1989 -RRB- is a Canadian stage and voice actor currently living near Vancouver , British Columbia . He voices for films , commercials , anime , cartoons , and video games . He was the voice lead in Bob 's Broken Sleigh . He is also known for his performances as Kosuke Ueki from The Law of Ueki , Van Yamano from Little Battlers Experience and Lief from Deltora Quest . ", "Made in America is a 2013 American documentary film , directed by Ron Howard , about the music festival of the same name founded by Jay-Z . It was screened in the Mavericks section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival . Howard said the festival documentary will be `` a reflection of the fabric of what it means to be ` Made in America ' -- what the festival represents , why Jay is doing it and how he relates to each artist . '' The documentary features performances from Pearl Jam , Odd Future , Dirty Projectors , Skrillex , Santigold , Janelle Monáe , and Run-DMC . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Player-coach", "Substitute_-LRB-association_football-RRB-", "1969_College_Baseball_All-America_Team", "Play_calling_system", "Face-off" ]

[ "A player-coach -LRB- also playing coach , captain-coach , or player-manager -RRB- is a member of a sports team who simultaneously holds both playing and coaching duties . A player-coach may be a head coach or an assistant coach . They may make changes to the squad and also play on the team . Very few current major professional sports teams have head coaches who are also players , though it is extremely common for senior players to take a role in managing more junior athletes . Historically , when professional sports had much less money to pay players and coaches or managers , it was much more common to find them . Likewise , where player-coaches exist today , they are more common at the lower levels where money is less available , but not exclusively . ", "In association football , a substitute is a player who is brought on to the pitch during a match in exchange for an existing player . Substitutions are generally made to replace a player who has become tired or injured , or who is performing poorly , or for tactical reasons -LRB- such as bringing a striker on in place of a defender -RRB- . Unlike some sports -LRB- such as American football or ice hockey -RRB- , a player who has been substituted during a match may take no further part in it . Most competitions only allow each team to make a maximum of three substitutions during a game , although more substitutions are often permitted in non-competitive fixtures such as friendlies . A fourth substitution in extra time is currently being trialled at several tournaments over a two-year period . Each team nominates a number of players -LRB- typically between five and seven , depending on the competition -RRB- who may be used as substitutes ; these players typically sit in the technical area with the coaches , and are said to be `` on the bench '' . A player who is noted for frequently making appearances , or scoring important goals , as a substitute is often informally known as a `` super sub '' . ", "An All-American team is an honorary sports team composed of the best amateur players of a specific season for each team position -- who in turn are given the honorific `` All-America '' and typically referred to as `` All-American athletes '' , or simply `` All-Americans '' . Although the honorees generally do not compete together as a unit , the term is used in U.S. team sports to refer to players who are selected by members of the national media . Walter Camp selected the first All-America team in the early days of American football in 1889 . From 1947 to 1980 , the American Baseball Coaches Association was the only All-American selector recognized by the NCAA . ", "A play calling system in American football is the specific language and methods used to call plays . It is distinct from the play calling philosophy , which is concerned with overall strategy : whether a team favors passing or running , whether a team seeks to speed up or slow down play , what part of the field passes should target , and so on . The play calling system comprises tactics for making calls for individual plays and communicating those decisions to the players . ", "A face-off is the method used to begin and restart play after goals in some sports using sticks , primarily ice hockey , bandy and field lacrosse . The two teams line up in opposition to each other , and the opposing players attempt to gain control of the puck or ball after it is dropped or otherwise placed between their sticks by an official . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Adidas", "Herzogenaurach", "African_admixture_in_Europe", "Casa_Alcide_de_Gasperi_museum", "List_of_historical_regions_of_Central_Europe" ]

[ "Adidas AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈadiˌdas -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- stylised as adidas since 1949 -RRB- is a German multinational corporation , headquartered in Herzogenaurach , Germany , that designs and manufactures shoes , clothing and accessories . It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe , and the second biggest in the world . It is the holding company for the Adidas Group , which consists of the Reebok sportswear company , TaylorMade-Adidas golf company -LRB- including Ashworth -RRB- , 9.1 % of Bayern Munich and Runtastic , an Austrian fitness technology company . Adidas revenue for 2016 was listed at $ 19.29 billion . Adidas was registered on 18 August 1949 by Adolf Dassler , following a family feud at the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik company between him and his older brother Rudolf . Rudolf had earlier established Puma , which quickly became the business rival of Adidas , and is also headquartered in Herzogenaurach . The company 's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars , and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas 's current official logo . The brand name is uncapitalized and is stylized with a lower case `` a '' . ", "Herzogenaurach -LRB- East Franconian : Herziaura -RRB- is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt , in Bavaria , Germany . It is best known for being the home of the sporting goods companies Adidas and Puma , as well as the large car parts manufacturer Schaeffler Group . ", "African admixture in Europe refers to the Eurasian presence of human genetic polymorphisms that are considered to be evidence for movements of people from Africa to Eurasia in both the prehistoric and the historical past . Although low levels of both North African and Sub-Saharan admixture are present throughout the European continent , recent genetic studies conclude that significantly higher levels of admixture exist in areas of the Iberian Peninsula -LRB- notably Portugal and southern and western Spain -RRB- than in the rest of the continent . ", "Casa Alcide de Gasperi museum , opened in 2006 , is located in Pieve Tesino where the Italian statesman was born in 1881 . De Gasperi 's effort was fundamental to the construction of the European Union , he played a decisive role in the reconstruction of Europe after World War II , culminating in his election as the president of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1954 . In addition to raising awareness on the de Gasperi figure , the purpose of the museum is to endorse the democratic values of the European Union , motivated also by its transboundary history and location between the Italian and German cultures . Category : European Heritage Label Category : Museums in Trentino-Alto Adige/S üdtirol Category : Historic house museums in Italy ", "There are many historical regions of Central Europe . For the purpose of this list , Central Europe is defined as the area contained roughly within the south coast of the Baltic Sea , the Elbe River , the Alps , the Danube River , the Black Sea and the Dnepr River . Note that these regions come from different time periods -- from medieval to modern era -- and may often overlap . National borders have been drawn across those regions multiple times over centuries so usually they can not be assigned to any specific nation . The list below indicates which present-day states control the whole or a part of each of the listed regions . Key -LRB- ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 -RRB- : AT - Austria , BG - Bulgaria , BY - Belarus , CZ - Czech Republic , DE - Germany , HR - Croatia , HU - Hungary , IT - Italy , LT - Lithuania , MD - Moldova , PL - Poland , RU - Russian Federation , RO - Romania , RS - Serbia , SK - Slovakia , SI - Slovenia , UA - Ukraine " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Adidas", "Herzogenaurach", "African_admixture_in_Europe", "Casa_Alcide_de_Gasperi_museum", "List_of_historical_regions_of_Central_Europe" ]

[ "Adidas AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈadiˌdas -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- stylised as adidas since 1949 -RRB- is a German multinational corporation , headquartered in Herzogenaurach , Germany , that designs and manufactures shoes , clothing and accessories . It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe , and the second biggest in the world . It is the holding company for the Adidas Group , which consists of the Reebok sportswear company , TaylorMade-Adidas golf company -LRB- including Ashworth -RRB- , 9.1 % of Bayern Munich and Runtastic , an Austrian fitness technology company . Adidas revenue for 2016 was listed at $ 19.29 billion . Adidas was registered on 18 August 1949 by Adolf Dassler , following a family feud at the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik company between him and his older brother Rudolf . Rudolf had earlier established Puma , which quickly became the business rival of Adidas , and is also headquartered in Herzogenaurach . The company 's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars , and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas 's current official logo . The brand name is uncapitalized and is stylized with a lower case `` a '' . ", "Herzogenaurach -LRB- East Franconian : Herziaura -RRB- is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt , in Bavaria , Germany . It is best known for being the home of the sporting goods companies Adidas and Puma , as well as the large car parts manufacturer Schaeffler Group . ", "African admixture in Europe refers to the Eurasian presence of human genetic polymorphisms that are considered to be evidence for movements of people from Africa to Eurasia in both the prehistoric and the historical past . Although low levels of both North African and Sub-Saharan admixture are present throughout the European continent , recent genetic studies conclude that significantly higher levels of admixture exist in areas of the Iberian Peninsula -LRB- notably Portugal and southern and western Spain -RRB- than in the rest of the continent . ", "Casa Alcide de Gasperi museum , opened in 2006 , is located in Pieve Tesino where the Italian statesman was born in 1881 . De Gasperi 's effort was fundamental to the construction of the European Union , he played a decisive role in the reconstruction of Europe after World War II , culminating in his election as the president of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1954 . In addition to raising awareness on the de Gasperi figure , the purpose of the museum is to endorse the democratic values of the European Union , motivated also by its transboundary history and location between the Italian and German cultures . Category : European Heritage Label Category : Museums in Trentino-Alto Adige/S üdtirol Category : Historic house museums in Italy ", "There are many historical regions of Central Europe . For the purpose of this list , Central Europe is defined as the area contained roughly within the south coast of the Baltic Sea , the Elbe River , the Alps , the Danube River , the Black Sea and the Dnepr River . Note that these regions come from different time periods -- from medieval to modern era -- and may often overlap . National borders have been drawn across those regions multiple times over centuries so usually they can not be assigned to any specific nation . The list below indicates which present-day states control the whole or a part of each of the listed regions . Key -LRB- ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 -RRB- : AT - Austria , BG - Bulgaria , BY - Belarus , CZ - Czech Republic , DE - Germany , HR - Croatia , HU - Hungary , IT - Italy , LT - Lithuania , MD - Moldova , PL - Poland , RU - Russian Federation , RO - Romania , RS - Serbia , SK - Slovakia , SI - Slovenia , UA - Ukraine " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Adidas", "Herzogenaurach", "African_admixture_in_Europe", "Casa_Alcide_de_Gasperi_museum", "List_of_historical_regions_of_Central_Europe" ]

[ "Adidas AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈadiˌdas -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- stylised as adidas since 1949 -RRB- is a German multinational corporation , headquartered in Herzogenaurach , Germany , that designs and manufactures shoes , clothing and accessories . It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe , and the second biggest in the world . It is the holding company for the Adidas Group , which consists of the Reebok sportswear company , TaylorMade-Adidas golf company -LRB- including Ashworth -RRB- , 9.1 % of Bayern Munich and Runtastic , an Austrian fitness technology company . Adidas revenue for 2016 was listed at $ 19.29 billion . Adidas was registered on 18 August 1949 by Adolf Dassler , following a family feud at the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik company between him and his older brother Rudolf . Rudolf had earlier established Puma , which quickly became the business rival of Adidas , and is also headquartered in Herzogenaurach . The company 's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars , and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas 's current official logo . The brand name is uncapitalized and is stylized with a lower case `` a '' . ", "Herzogenaurach -LRB- East Franconian : Herziaura -RRB- is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt , in Bavaria , Germany . It is best known for being the home of the sporting goods companies Adidas and Puma , as well as the large car parts manufacturer Schaeffler Group . ", "African admixture in Europe refers to the Eurasian presence of human genetic polymorphisms that are considered to be evidence for movements of people from Africa to Eurasia in both the prehistoric and the historical past . Although low levels of both North African and Sub-Saharan admixture are present throughout the European continent , recent genetic studies conclude that significantly higher levels of admixture exist in areas of the Iberian Peninsula -LRB- notably Portugal and southern and western Spain -RRB- than in the rest of the continent . ", "Casa Alcide de Gasperi museum , opened in 2006 , is located in Pieve Tesino where the Italian statesman was born in 1881 . De Gasperi 's effort was fundamental to the construction of the European Union , he played a decisive role in the reconstruction of Europe after World War II , culminating in his election as the president of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1954 . In addition to raising awareness on the de Gasperi figure , the purpose of the museum is to endorse the democratic values of the European Union , motivated also by its transboundary history and location between the Italian and German cultures . Category : European Heritage Label Category : Museums in Trentino-Alto Adige/S üdtirol Category : Historic house museums in Italy ", "There are many historical regions of Central Europe . For the purpose of this list , Central Europe is defined as the area contained roughly within the south coast of the Baltic Sea , the Elbe River , the Alps , the Danube River , the Black Sea and the Dnepr River . Note that these regions come from different time periods -- from medieval to modern era -- and may often overlap . National borders have been drawn across those regions multiple times over centuries so usually they can not be assigned to any specific nation . The list below indicates which present-day states control the whole or a part of each of the listed regions . Key -LRB- ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 -RRB- : AT - Austria , BG - Bulgaria , BY - Belarus , CZ - Czech Republic , DE - Germany , HR - Croatia , HU - Hungary , IT - Italy , LT - Lithuania , MD - Moldova , PL - Poland , RU - Russian Federation , RO - Romania , RS - Serbia , SK - Slovakia , SI - Slovenia , UA - Ukraine " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Prague_Castle", "First_courtyard_of_Prague_Castle", "Prague", "List_of_castles_in_the_Czech_Republic", "Książ" ]

[ "Prague Castle -LRB- -LSB- cz : Pražský hrad , Pražský hrad -RSB- -RRB- is a castle complex in Prague , Czech Republic , dating from the 9th century . It is the official residence of the President of the Czech Republic . The castle was a seat of power for kings of Bohemia , Holy Roman emperors , and presidents of Czechoslovakia . The Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept within a hidden room inside it . According to the Guinness Book of Records , Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world , occupying an area of almost 70000 m2 , at about 570 m in length and an average of about 130 m wide . The castle is among the most visited tourist attractions in Prague attracting over 1.8 million visitors annually . ", "The first courtyard is one of four at Prague Castle , in Prague , Czech Republic . Wrestling Titans is installed at the courtyard 's entrance . ", "Prague -LRB- -LSB- ˈprɑːɡ -RSB- Praha , -LSB- ˈpraɦa -RSB- , Prag -RRB- is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic . It is the 14th largest city in the European Union . It is also the historical capital of Bohemia . Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river , the city is home to about 1.26 million people , while its larger urban zone is estimated to have a population of nearly 2 million . The city has a temperate climate , with warm summers and chilly winters . Prague has been a political , cultural , and economic centre of central Europe with waxing and waning fortunes during its history . Founded during the Romanesque and flourishing by the Gothic , Renaissance and Baroque eras , Prague was the capital of the kingdom of Bohemia and the main residence of several Holy Roman Emperors , most notably of Charles IV -LRB- r. 1346 -- 1378 -RRB- . It was an important city to the Habsburg Monarchy and its Austro-Hungarian Empire . The city played major roles in the Bohemian and Protestant Reformation , the Thirty Years ' War , and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia , during both World Wars and the post-war Communist era . Prague is home to a number of famous cultural attractions , many of which survived the violence and destruction of 20th-century Europe . Main attractions include the Prague Castle , the Charles Bridge , Old Town Square with the Prague astronomical clock , the Jewish Quarter , Petřín hill and Vyšehrad . Since 1992 , the extensive historic centre of Prague has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites . The city has more than ten major museums , along with numerous theatres , galleries , cinemas , and other historical exhibits . An extensive modern public transportation system connects the city . Also , it is home to a wide range of public and private schools , including Charles University in Prague , the oldest university in Central Europe . Prague is classified as an `` Alpha - '' global city according to GaWC studies . Prague ranked sixth in the Tripadvisor world list of best destinations in 2016 . Its rich history makes it a popular tourist destination , and the city receives more than 6.4 million international visitors annually , . Prague is the fifth most visited European city after London , Paris , Istanbul and Rome . ", "This is a list of castles and chateaux in the Czech Republic , organized by regions . ", "Książ -LRB- Schloss Fürstenstein -RRB- is a castle in Wałbrzych in Lower Silesian Voivodeship , Poland . It was built in 1288-1292 under Bolko I the Strict . It lies within a protected area called Książ Landscape Park , overlooks the Pełcznica River and is one of the city 's main tourist attractions . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lucy_Hale", "Road_Between", "Nathan_Hale_Williams", "Heather_Nauert", "Lucy_Sparrow" ]

[ "Karen Lucille Hale -LRB- born June 14 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress and singer . Earlier in her career , she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale . Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors , a children 's spin off of American Idol . She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars , which won her a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014 . The same year , she released her debut studio album , Road Between . ", "Road Between is the debut studio album by American actress and singer , Lucy Hale . It was released by DMG Nashville on June 3 , 2014 in America and on June 6 , 2014 in New Zealand and Australia . In December 2014 , Hale is set begin to embark The Road Between Tour , promote the album . However , Hale later announced the tour was cancelled due to her vocal problem . ", "Nathan Hale Williams -LRB- born 1976 -RRB- is an American film producer , television producer , and entertainment attorney . He is also an actor and former model . ", "Heather Nauert -LRB- born January 27 , 1970 -RRB- is an American news anchor , politician and the current the Spokesperson for the United States Department of State assuming office since April 2017 . and the former Fox & Friends and Fox & Friends First anchor for Fox News Channel . ", "Lucy Sparrow -LRB- born 1986 or 1987 -RRB- is a contemporary artist originating from Bath , England . She works at the intersection of contemporary art and craft setting the agenda for textiles within the urban art scene . She works mainly with felt and wool , creating oversized soft versions of existing objects , according to her website . Her work often features the SSRI prescription drug , Prozac . Sparrow has been involved in a number of notable group shows in the UK ; for instance , she was a contributor to the Victoria and Albert Museum 2013 travelling street art collection alongside Banksy , Blek le Rat , Jamie Hewlett , Pure Evil , D * Face and urban illustrator Oh Jiwon . Her first solo show at Hoxton Gallery was Imitation , which recreated famous artworks out of felt , including a shark in a tank by Damien Hirst . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Daenerys_Targaryen", "Viserys_Targaryen", "Petyr_Baelish", "Battle_of_the_Bastards", "Game_of_Thrones_-LRB-season_6-RRB-" ]

[ "Daenerys Targaryen is a fictional character in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of novels , as well as the television adaptation , Game of Thrones , where she is portrayed by Emilia Clarke . In the novels , she is a prominent point of view character . She is one of the series ' most popular characters . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Daenerys -LRB- along with her older brother , Viserys -RRB- is one of the last confirmed members of House Targaryen who , until fifteen years before the events of the first novel , had ruled from the Iron Throne for nearly three hundred years . She subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and A Storm of Swords -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Daenerys was one of a few prominent characters not included in 2005 's A Feast for Crows , but returned in the next novel A Dance with Dragons -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . In the story , Daenerys is a young woman in her early teens living in Essos across the narrow sea . Knowing no other life than one of exile , she remains dependent on her abusive older brother , Viserys . The timid and meek girl finds herself betrothed to Dothraki horse lord Khal Drogo , to ensure Viserys an army for his return to Westeros and recapture of the Iron Throne . Despite this , her brother loses the ability to control her as Daenerys finds herself adapting to life with the khalasar and emerges as a strong , confident and courageous woman . She becomes the heir of the Targaryen dynasty after her brother 's death and plans to reclaim the Iron Throne herself , seeing it as her birthright . A pregnant Daenerys loses her husband and child , but soon helps hatch three dragons from their eggs , which regard her as their mother , providing her with a tactical advantage and prestige . Over time , she struggles to maintain control of her dragons , which grow dangerous . She also acquires an army with which she conquers the cities of Yunkai , Astapor and Meereen , determined to end slavery and injustice there . Despite her strong moral compass , she is capable of dealing ruthlessly with her enemies , particularly the slave masters . Well received by critics and fans alike , Clarke received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for her performance as Daenerys in the HBO series in 2013 , 2015 , and 2016 . She has also earned numerous other nominations and accolades for her portrayal . ", "Viserys Targaryen is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Viserys -LRB- along with his younger sister , Daenerys -RRB- is one of the last confirmed members of House Targaryen who , until fifteen years before the events of the first novel , ruled on the Iron Throne for nearly three hundred years . Viserys is portrayed by Harry Lloyd in the HBO television adaptation . ", "Petyr Baelish , nicknamed Littlefinger , is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . He is a prominent non-point of view character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series , and a main character in HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , where he is portrayed by Aidan Gillen . In A Storm of Swords , it is revealed that several major plot points have hinged on Baelish 's intrigues , including the framing of Tyrion Lannister for the attempt on Bran Stark 's life , the downfall of Lord Eddard Stark , the deaths of Lord Jon Arryn and King Joffrey Baratheon , and the War of the Five Kings . ", "`` Battle of the Bastards '' is the ninth episode of the sixth season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and its 59th episode overall . It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , and directed by Miguel Sapochnik . In the North , the armies of the eponymous bastards , Jon Snow -LRB- Kit Harington -RRB- and Ramsay Bolton -LRB- Iwan Rheon -RRB- , face off in a battle for control of Winterfell . The Bolton army defeats most of Jon 's forces , largely composed of Wildlings . However , Sansa Stark -LRB- Sophie Turner -RRB- arrives with Petyr Baelish -LRB- Aidan Gillen -RRB- and the Knights of the Vale and they defeat the remaining Bolton army . Ramsay retreats to Winterfell , where Jon beats him into the mud , locks him in the kennels and Sansa feeds him to his own hounds . In Meereen , Daenerys Targaryen -LRB- Emilia Clarke -RRB- refuses to surrender to the Masters , mounts Drogon and begins burning the Masters ' fleet ; this forces them to surrender . Yara -LRB- Gemma Whelan -RRB- and Theon Greyjoy -LRB- Alfie Allen -RRB- arrive in Meereen and offer their ships to Daenerys , swearing to help her take the Seven Kingdoms . `` Battle of the Bastards '' was praised as one of the series ' best episodes , with several reviewers hailing it as a `` masterpiece '' . Critics described the battle in the North as `` terrifying , gripping and exhilarating '' and Daenerys 's reunion with her dragons at the beginning of the episode as `` thrilling '' . Its eponymous battle took 25 days to film and required 500 extras , 600 crew members and 70 horses . In the United States , the episode had a viewership of 7.66 million in its initial broadcast . It earned Game of Thrones several Primetime Emmy Awards -LRB- including Outstanding Directing and Outstanding Writing -RRB- , and was Harington 's choice to support his nomination for the Outstanding Supporting Actor ; Sapochnik also won the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing in a Drama Series for the episode . ", "The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million . The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner . Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Two_and_a_Half_Men", "List_of_Two_and_a_Half_Men_characters", "World_War_One_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Me_and_the_Boys_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Angus_T._Jones" ]

[ "Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22 , 2003 to February 19 , 2015 . Originally starring Charlie Sheen , Jon Cryer , and Angus T. Jones , the series was about a hedonistic jingle writer , Charlie Harper ; his uptight brother Alan ; and Alan 's troublesome son Jake . After Alan divorces , he moves with his son to share Charlie 's beachfront Malibu house and complicates Charlie 's freewheeling life . In 2010 , CBS and Warner Bros. . Television reached a multiyear broadcasting agreement for the series , renewing it through at least the 2011 -- 12 season . In February 2011 , however , CBS and Warner Bros. decided to end production for the rest of the eighth season after Sheen entered drug rehabilitation and made `` disparaging comments '' about the series ' creator and executive producer Chuck Lorre . Sheen 's contract was terminated the following month and he was confirmed not to be returning to the series . Ashton Kutcher was hired to replace him the following season as Walden Schmidt , a billionaire who buys Charlie 's house after his death . In April 2013 , CBS renewed the series for an eleventh season after closing one-year deals with Kutcher and Cryer . Jones , who was attending college , was relegated to recurring status for season 11 , but never made an appearance until the series finale . He was replaced by Jenny -LRB- Amber Tamblyn -RRB- , Charlie 's previously unknown daughter . In March 2014 , CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season , which was later announced to be the series ' last . The season began airing in October 2014 and concluded in February 2015 with the 40-minute series finale `` Of Course He 's Dead '' . The success of the series led to it being the fourth-highest revenue-generating program for 2012 , earning $ 3.24 million an episode . ", "The American sitcom Two and a Half Men , created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn , premiered on CBS on September 22 , 2003 . The show initially centers on seven characters : brothers Charlie and Alan Harper ; Jake Harper , the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife ; Judith Harper-Melnick , Alan 's first ex-wife , Herb 's ex-wife , and Jake and Milly 's mother ; Rose , one of Charlie 's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him ; Evelyn Harper , Charlie and Alan 's wealthy , five time widowed , bisexual mother , and Jake 's grandmother ; and last of all , Berta , Charlie 's sharp-tongued housekeeper , who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season . In season nine , the show is revamped when Charlie is struck and killed by a moving train . Walden Schmidt replaces him as the new owner of the beach house , a recently divorced internet billionaire . In season eleven , Jake moves to Japan and leaves the series , so to replace `` the half-man '' , Charlie 's long-lost-daughter moves into the beach house after looking for her late father . Over time , several supporting characters have been promoted to starring roles : Berta -LRB- season 1 recurring ; season 2 -- 12 regular -RRB- , Charlie and Alan 's -LRB- and later Walden 's -RRB- sharp-tongued housekeeper ; Kandi -LRB- season 3 recurring ; season 4 regular ; season 10 guest -RRB- , one of Charlie 's former one night stands , and later on , Alan 's second ex-wife ; Chelsea -LRB- season 6 recurring ; season 7 regular ; season 9 guest -RRB- , Charlie 's second most notable love interest -LRB- after Rose -RRB- , and ex-fiancée ; Walden Schmidt -LRB- season 9 -- 12 -RRB- , an internet billionaire who buys Charlie 's beach house after his death ; Jenny -LRB- season 11 -- 12 -RRB- , Charlie 's illegitimate daughter from a one-night stand twenty years before ; last of all , Louis -LRB- season 12 -RRB- , the 6-year-old boy that Walden decides to adopt . The show also features numerous supporting characters , each of whom plays a prominent role in a small group of episodes . ", "World War One is an American documentary television series that was shown on CBS during the 1964 -- 1965 television season to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the war . The series , which was produced by CBS News and featured 26 half-hour episodes , was narrated by Robert Ryan . World War One aired on Tuesday nights at 8 pm Eastern Time , but at mid-season it was moved to Sunday nights at 6:30 pm because it was being beaten in the ratings by the second half-hour of ABC 's Combat ! and the second half-hour of NBC 's Mr. Novak . Re-released in 1995 , the series is available on video tape and DVD but no US video-on-demand services have it . The series is available on YouTube . ", "Me and the Boys is an American sitcom that aired on the ABC network from September 20 , 1994 until February 28 , 1995 . The series features comedian Steve Harvey , who also served as a writer , in his first starring role . The series was created by Bob Myer , Rob Dames and Lenny Ripps , and produced by a.k.a. Productions and Bob Myer Productions in association with ABC Productions . ", "Angus Turner Jones -LRB- born October 8 , 1993 -RRB- is an American actor . Jones is best known for playing Jake Harper in the CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men , for which he had won two Young Artist and a TV Land Award during his 10-year tenure as one of the show 's main characters . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Dark_matter", "ZEPLIN-III", "Magnetospheric_eternally_collapsing_object", "Cosmic_background_radiation", "Quantum_chromodynamics" ]

[ "Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter distinct from baryonic matter -LRB- ordinary matter such as protons and neutrons -RRB- , neutrinos and dark energy . The existence of dark matter would explain a number of otherwise puzzling astronomical observations . The name refers to the fact that it does not emit or interact with electromagnetic radiation , such as light , and is thus invisible to the entire electromagnetic spectrum . Although dark matter has not been directly observed , its existence and properties are inferred from its gravitational effects such as the motions of visible matter , gravitational lensing , its influence on the universe 's large-scale structure , on galaxies , and its effects in the cosmic microwave background . The standard model of cosmology indicates that the total mass -- energy of the universe contains 4.9 % ordinary matter , 26.8 % dark matter and 68.3 % dark energy . Thus , dark matter constitutes 84.5 % Since dark energy , by convention , does not count as `` matter '' , this is 26.8 / -LRB- 4.9 + 26.8 -RRB- = 0.845 of total mass , while dark energy plus dark matter constitute 95.1 % of total mass -- energy content . The great majority of ordinary matter in the universe is also unseen , since visible stars and gas inside galaxies and clusters account for less than 10 % of the ordinary matter contribution to the mass-energy density of the universe . The most widely accepted hypothesis on the form for dark matter is that it is composed of weakly interacting massive particles -LRB- WIMPs -RRB- that interact only through gravity and the weak force . The dark matter hypothesis plays a central role in current modeling of cosmic structure formation and galaxy formation and evolution and on explanations of the anisotropies observed in the cosmic microwave background -LRB- CMB -RRB- . All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies , galaxy clusters , and the universe as a whole contain far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signals . Many experiments to detect proposed dark matter particles through non-gravitational means are under way ; however , no dark matter particle has been conclusively identified . Although the existence of dark matter is generally accepted by most of the astronomical community , a minority of astronomers , motivated by the lack of conclusive identification of dark matter , argue for various modifications of the standard laws of general relativity , such as MOND , TeVeS , and conformal gravity that attempt to account for the observations without invoking additional matter . ", "The ZEPLIN-III dark matter experiment attempted to detect galactic WIMPs using a 12 kg liquid xenon target . It operated at the Boulby Underground Laboratory -LRB- North-East England , UK -RRB- in the period 2006 -- 2011 . This was the last in a series of xenon-based experiments in the ZEPLIN programme pursued originally by the UK Dark Matter Collaboration -LRB- UKDMC -RRB- . The ZEPLIN-III project was led by Imperial College London and also included the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and Edinburgh University in the UK , as well as LIP-Coimbra in Portugal and ITEP-Moscow in Russia . It ruled out cross-sections for elastic scattering of WIMPs off nucleons above 3.9 × 10 − 8 pb -LRB- 3.9 × 10 − 44 cm2 -RRB- from the two science runs conducted at Boulby -LRB- 83 days in 2008 and 319 days in 2010/11 -RRB- . Direct dark matter search experiments look for extremely rare and very weak collisions expected to occur between the cold dark matter particles that are believed to permeate our galaxy and the nuclei of atoms in the active medium of a radiation detector . These hypothetical elementary particles could be Weakly Interacting Massive Particles , or WIMPs , weighing as little as a few protons or as much as several heavy nuclei . Their nature is not yet known , but no sensible candidates remain within the Standard Model of particle physics to explain the dark matter problem . ", "Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object -LRB- MECO -RRB- is an alternative model for black hole proposed in 2003 by Darryl Leiter and Stanley Robertson . It is a variant of the eternally collapsing object -LRB- ECO -RRB- proposed by Abhas Mitra in 1998 . His peer reviewed paper published in Journal of Mathematical Physics of the American Institute of Physics supports this contention that the so-called black holes should be ECOs by showing that true Schwarzschild black holes have gravitational mass M = 0 . He argues that -LRB- i -RRB- The so-called massive Black Hole Candidates -LRB- BHCs -RRB- must be quasi-black holes rather than exact black holes and -LRB- ii -RRB- During preceding gravitational collapse , entire mass energy and angular momentum of the collapsing objects must be radiated away before formation of exact mathematical black holes . And since the formation of a mathematical zero-mass black hole requires infinite proper time , continued gravitational collapse becomes eternal , and the so-called black hole candidates must be eternally collapsing objects -LRB- ECOs -RRB- . For physical realization of this , he argued that in an extremely relativistic regime , continued collapse must be slowed to a near halt by radiation pressure at the Eddington limit . A proposed observable difference between MECOs and black holes is that a MECO can produce its own intrinsic magnetic field . An uncharged black hole can not produce its own magnetic field , though its accretion disc can . ", "Cosmic background radiation is electromagnetic radiation with no discernible source . The origin of this radiation depends on the region of the spectrum that is observed . One component is the cosmic microwave background . This component is redshifted photons that have freely streamed from an epoch when the Universe became transparent for the first time to radiation . Its discovery and detailed observations of its properties are considered one of the major confirmations of the Big Bang . The discovery -LRB- by chance in 1965 -RRB- of the cosmic background radiation suggests that the early universe was dominated by a radiation field , a field of extremely high temperature and pressure . The Sunyaev -- Zel ` dovich effect shows the phenomena of radiant cosmic background radiation interacting with `` electron '' clouds distorting the spectrum of the radiation . There is also background radiation in the infrared , x-rays , etc. , with different causes , and they can sometimes be resolved into an individual source . See cosmic infrared background and X-ray background . See also cosmic neutrino background and extragalactic background light . ", "In theoretical physics , quantum chromodynamics -LRB- QCD -RRB- is the theory of strong interactions , a fundamental force describing the interactions between quarks and gluons , which make up hadrons such as the proton , neutron and pion . QCD is a type of quantum field theory called a non-abelian gauge theory with symmetry group SU -LRB- 3 -RRB- . The QCD analog of electric charge is a property called color . Gluons are the force carrier of the theory , like photons are for the electromagnetic force in quantum electrodynamics . The theory is an important part of the Standard Model of particle physics . A large body of experimental evidence for QCD has been gathered over the years . QCD enjoys two peculiar properties : Confinement , which means that the force between quarks does not diminish as they are separated . Because of this , when you do separate a quark from other quarks , the energy in the gluon field is enough to create another quark pair ; they are thus forever bound into hadrons such as the proton and the neutron or the pion and kaon . Although analytically unproven , confinement is widely believed to be true because it explains the consistent failure of free quark searches , and it is easy to demonstrate in lattice QCD . Asymptotic freedom , which means that in very high-energy reactions , quarks and gluons interact very weakly creating a quark -- gluon plasma . This prediction of QCD was first discovered in the early 1970s by David Politzer , Frank Wilczek and David Gross . For this work they were awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics . The phase transition temperature between these two properties has been measured by the ALICE experiment to be well above 160 MeV . Below this temperature , confinement is dominant , while above it , asymptotic freedom becomes dominant . " ]

[ 2, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Kate_Patrick", "Kate_en_Boogie", "Morgan_Fairchild", "Lisa_K._Wyatt", "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-" ]

[ "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . ", "Kate en Boogie was a situation comedy produced by Viva Television and aired by GMA Network from 1993 -- 1994 . ", "Morgan Fairchild -LRB- born Patsy Ann McClenny ; February 3 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actress . She achieved prominence during the late 1970s and early 1980s with continuing roles in several television series , in which she usually conveyed a glamorous image . Fairchild began her career on the CBS daytime soap opera Search for Tomorrow as Jennifer Pace from 1973 to 1977 . In 1978 , she appeared on the primetime soap opera Dallas as the first actress to portray Jenna Wade , before taking a lead role on the NBC series Flamingo Road in 1980 -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama -RRB- . In 1984 , she co-starred on ABC 's short-lived television drama Paper Dolls , and then appeared on Falcon Crest as attorney Jordan Roberts from 1985 to 1986 . Fairchild has also performed in theater and played guest roles in television comedies , including Murphy Brown -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series -RRB- , Roseanne , Cybill , and Friends . She is a board member of SAG-AFTRA . ", "Lisa K. Wyatt is an American actress and comedian . According to the biography on her official site , she has appeared in more than 150 film , television and regional theatre credits . In the show 's fifth season , she was hired for the recurring role as Lynne , the love interest of Kevin Malone , in NBC 's The Office . ", "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Malcolm_Jones_-LRB-politician-RRB-", "Alex_Jones_-LRB-radio_host-RRB-", "Alex_Nicholls_-LRB-academic-RRB-", "Steve_Gilbert", "Kyle_Jones_-LRB-politician-RRB-" ]

[ "Malcolm Irving Jones -LRB- born 25 August 1946 -RRB- is a former Australian politician . Born in Chester , England , to Philip and Lena Mary Jones , he immigrated to Australia in 1974 . He was an employee benefits consultant with his own company from 1981 to 1994 . In 1983 , he married Vivien , with whom he had a daughter and two sons . Jones was originally a member of the Liberal Party , serving as Branch President and Secretary of the Balgowlah Branch from 1994 to 1995 . He was also a member of the Four Wheel Drive Association from 1994 , and in 1995 left the Liberal Party to join the Outdoor Recreation Party . In 1999 , as a result of strong preference flows from other parties , he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council . He resigned in 2003 under accusation of corruption and was replaced by Jon Jenkins . ", "Alexander Emerick Jones -LRB- born February 11 , 1974 -RRB- is an American far-right radio show host , filmmaker , writer , and conspiracy theorist . He hosts The Alex Jones Show from Austin , Texas , which airs on the Genesis Communications Network and shortwave radio station WWCR across the United States and online . His website , InfoWars.com , has been labeled as a fake news website . Jones has been the center of many controversies , including his statements in the wake of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting , about it being staged , adding support to Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting conspiracy theories , and as an argument against gun control . He has accused the U.S. government of being involved in the Oklahoma City bombing , the September 11 attacks and the filming of fake Moon landings to hide NASA 's secret technology . He says that government and big business have colluded to create a New World Order through `` manufactured economic crises , sophisticated surveillance tech and -- above all -- inside-job terror attacks that fuel exploitable hysteria '' . Jones has described himself as a libertarian and paleoconservative , and has been described by others as conservative , right-wing , alt-right , and a pro-Russia propagandist . New York magazine described Jones as `` America 's leading conspiracy theorist '' , and the Southern Poverty Law Center describes him as `` the most prolific conspiracy theorist in contemporary America '' . When asked about these labels , Jones said that he is `` proud to be listed as a thought criminal against Big Brother '' . ", "Alex Nicholls -LRB- born 10 July 1964 -RRB- is University Lecturer in Social Entrepreneurship within the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at Saïd Business School , University of Oxford . He was the first staff member of the Skoll Centre . ", "Stephen David John Gilbert -LRB- born 6 November 1976 -RRB- is a British Liberal Democrat politician . He was elected at the 2010 general election the Member of Parliament -LRB- MP -RRB- for the new constituency of St Austell and Newquay , but lost his seat at the 2015 general election to the Conservative Party candidate Steve Double . ", "Kyle W. Jones -LRB- born 1955 -RRB- is a professional musician , archivist and is a former Maine state politician , notable for his influence on the state 's energy industry . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Charlotte,_North_Carolina", "Fargo_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "RSA_Battle_House_Tower", "WhiteWater_West", "Bank_of_America" ]

[ "Charlotte -LSB- ˈʃɑrlət -RSB- is the largest city in the state of North Carolina . It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States , just behind Jacksonville , Florida . Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States . In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U.S. Census Bureau was 809,958 , making it the 17th-largest city in the United States based on population . The Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U.S. , and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314 . The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U.S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990 . Residents of Charlotte are referred to as `` Charlotteans '' . It is listed as a `` gamma-plus '' global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . Charlotte is home to the corporate headquarters of Bank of America and the east coast operations of Wells Fargo , which along with other financial institutions made it the second-largest banking center in the United States from 1995 to 2017 and the third-largest from 2017 to present . Among Charlotte 's many notable attractions , some of the most popular include the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- , the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- , the Charlotte Independence of the United Soccer League -LRB- USL -RRB- , two NASCAR Sprint Cup races and the NASCAR All-Star Race , the Wells Fargo Championship , the NASCAR Hall of Fame , the Charlotte Ballet , Carowinds amusement park , and the U.S. National Whitewater Center . Charlotte Douglas International Airport is a major international hub , and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013 . Charlotte has a humid subtropical climate . The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman , the largest man-made lake in North Carolina . Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city . ", "The third season of Fargo , an American anthology black comedy -- crime drama television series created by Noah Hawley , premiered on April 19 , 2017 , on the basic cable network FX . The season will consist of ten episodes . As an anthology , each Fargo season possesses its own self-contained narrative , following a disparate set of characters in various settings , albeit in a connected shared universe . The third season is set around December 2010 in three towns in Minnesota : St. Cloud , Eden Valley , and Eden Prairie . It follows the lives of a couple , Ray Stussy -LRB- Ewan McGregor -RRB- and Nikki Swango -LRB- Mary Elizabeth Winstead -RRB- , who , after unsuccessfully trying to rob Ray 's brother Emmit -LRB- also played by McGregor -RRB- , become involved in a double murder case , including an old man with a mysterious past whose stepdaughter Gloria Burgle -LRB- Carrie Coon -RRB- is a policewoman . Meanwhile , Emmit tries to cut his ties with a shady organization he borrowed money from two years prior , but the company , whose employees include V. M. Varga -LRB- David Thewlis -RRB- and Yuri Gurka -LRB- Goran Bogdan -RRB- , have other plans . Season 3 began filming in early 2017 in Calgary , Alberta . ", "The RSA Battle House Tower is located in Mobile , Alabama and is Alabama 's tallest building . The building is owned by the Retirement Systems of Alabama -LRB- RSA -RRB- . It is the tallest on the Gulf Coast of the United States outside of Houston . It replaces the Wells Fargo Tower in Birmingham as the tallest building in Alabama and the RSA -- BankTrust Building as the tallest in Mobile . The building is named for the neighboring Battle House Hotel , which is now part of the tower complex . The Battle House Hotel was restored and renovated as part of the tower project . ", "WhiteWater West is a manufacturing company based in Richmond , British Columbia , Canada . It was established in 1980 and manufactures a variety of products for water parks including water slides and water play areas . The company also owns Hopkins Rides and Prime Interactives which manufacture water rides for amusement parks and dry play areas , respectively . ", "Bank of America Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as BofA -RRB- is a multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . It is ranked 2nd on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets . As of 2016 , Bank of America was the 26th largest company in the United States by total revenue . In 2016 , it was ranked # 11 on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest companies in the world . Its acquisition of Merrill Lynch in 2008 made it the world 's largest wealth management corporation and a major player in the investment banking market . As of December 31 , 2016 , it had US$ 886.148 billion in assets under management -LRB- AUM -RRB- . As of December 31 , 2016 , the company held 10.73 % of all bank deposits in the United States . It is one of the Big Four banks in the United States , along with Citigroup , JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo -- its main competitors . Bank of America operates -- but does not necessarily maintain retail branches -- in all 50 states of the United States , the District of Columbia and more than 40 other countries . It has a retail banking footprint that serves approximately 46 million consumer and small business relationships at 4,600 banking centers and 15,900 automated teller machines -LRB- ATMs -RRB- . Bank of America provides its products and services through 4,600 retail financial centers , approximately 15,900 automated teller machines , call centers , and online and mobile banking platforms . Its Consumer Real Estate Services segment offers consumer real estate products comprising fixed and adjustable-rate first-lien mortgage loans for home purchase and refinancing needs , home equity lines of credit , and home equity loans . Bank of America has been the subject of many lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the financial crisis , including a record settlement of $ 16.65 billion on August 21 , 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Zoe_Saldana", "Zoe_Lee", "Azura_Skye", "Melanie_Putria_Dewita_Sari", "Sara_Ramirez" ]

[ "Zoe Saldana-Perego -LRB- born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario , June 19 , 1978 -RRB- , known professionally as Zoe Saldana or Zoë Saldana , is an American actress and dancer . Following her performances with the theater group Faces , Saldana made her screen debut in an episode of Law & Order -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Her film career began a year later with Center Stage -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , where she played a struggling ballet dancer , followed by a role in Crossroads -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Saldana 's breakthrough came in 2009 with the roles of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek and Neytiri in James Cameron 's Avatar -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The latter film received widespread acclaim , and is the highest-grossing film of all time . Saldana continued her career with films such as Colombiana -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Guardians of the Galaxy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Zoe Lee -LRB- born 15 December 1985 -RRB- is a British rower . She won a silver medal in the women 's eight at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro and a gold medal at the 2016 European Rowing Championships . She read geography at the Hertford College , Oxford and completed her PhD in geography at King 's College London in 2016 . ", "Azura Dawn Storozynski -LRB- born November 8 , 1981 -RRB- , known professionally as Azura Skye , is an American actress who first gained recognition for her role as Jane on The WB television sitcom , Zoe , Duncan , Jack and Jane . She also had 2 episode role as Cassie Newton in the seventh season of Buffy the Vampire Slayer . ", "Melanie Putria Dewita Sari -LRB- born 17 April 1982 in Jakarta -RRB- is an Indonesian beauty queen , television hostess and actress . She is best known for winning the Puteri Indonesia title in 2002 , as Puteri Sumatera Barat . ", "Sara Elena Ramírez -LRB- -LSB- ˈsaɾa eˈlena raˈmiɾes -RSB- ; born August 31 , 1975 -RRB- is a Mexican-American actress , singer and songwriter . Born in Mazatlán , Sinaloa , to Mexican parents , she graduated with fine arts degree from the Juilliard School . She began acting in Broadway productions , making her debut with Paul Simon 's The Capeman , and later ventured into film and television roles . Ramirez is a receipient of a Tony Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , and a Satellite Award among other accolades . Ramirez 's portrayal of the original Lady of the Lake in the 2005 Broadway musical Spamalot , won her acclaim and the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical . She gained wider recognition for her role as Dr. Callie Torres , in ABC 's long-running medical drama Grey 's Anatomy . The character 's popularity soared as the series progressed , and Ramirez garnered multiple nominations for Best Actress at the ALMA Awards , and a Favorite Dramatic TV Actress nomination at the People 's Choice Awards . She made her debut as a voice artist with the 1999 video game entitled UmJammer Lammy , and has voiced Queen Miranda in the animated series Sofia the First -LRB- 2012 -- present -RRB- . In addition to her acting career , Ramirez released her first single `` Silent Night '' in 2009 . Her self titled extended play debuted at no. 37 at the Billboard 200 in 2011 . Ramirez is also an activist and extensively campaigns for LGBT rights . She was awarded the Ally for Equality Award by the Human Rights Campaign Foundation in 2015 . She has been married to Ryan Debolt since 2012 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Zac_Efron", "Carlos_Rodon", "Rich_Swingle", "Louis_Lincoln_Emmerson", "Jordan_Sanderson" ]

[ "Zachary David Alexander Efron -LRB- born October 18 , 1987 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . He began acting professionally in the early 2000s , and rose to prominence in the late 2000s for his leading role in the High School Musical franchise -LRB- 2006 -- 08 -RRB- . During this time , he also starred in the musical film Hairspray -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and the comedy film 17 Again -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . He has since appeared in films like New Year 's Eve -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Lucky One -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Neighbors -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Dirty Grandpa -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and Neighbors 2 : Sorority Rising -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Carlos Antonio Rodon -LRB- born December 10 , 1992 -RRB- is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball -LRB- MLB -RRB- . He played college baseball at NC State . As a freshman in 2012 , Rodon was nominated for and won several awards while breaking collegiate records . After his freshman year , he was ranked as the top prospect and earned a spot on Team USA 's National Collegiate Baseball Team . In his sophomore year , he led the NC State Wolfpack to the College World Series and was then was placed back on Team USA in the summer of 2013 . He was drafted by the Chicago White Sox in the first round of the 2014 Major League Baseball Draft . ", "Rich Swingle is an American film actor , screenwriter and stage actor . He also is a Freedom Finder for Graceworks Inc. and teaches at the Rocky Mountain Christian Filmmaking Camp . After growing up on a farm in Medford , Oregon , he went on to study at George Fox University , Gordon -- Conwell Theological Seminary and Hunter College , ultimately receiving a master 's degree from the latter . He has appeared in numerous films , including A Christmas Snow , Indescribable , Alone yet Not Alone and Beyond the Mask , and he is well known for his one-man theatre acts . ", "Louis Lincoln Emmerson -LRB- December 27 , 1863 -- February 4 , 1941 -RRB- was a Republican and the twenty-ninth governor of Illinois . He was born in Albion , Illinois on December 27 , 1863 . After completing his education in the Albion public school system , Emmerson moved to Mount Vernon , Illinois in 1883 , and established a career in the mercantile business . He also was influential in the organization of the Mount Vernon Third National Bank , which occurred in 1901 . Emmerson entered politics in 1912 , as an unsuccessful candidate for state treasurer . However , four years later , he was victorious in his election for secretary of state , an office he held for twelve years . Emmerson won the 1928 Republican gubernatorial nomination by a margin of 63 % to 37 % over the incumbent governor , the corrupt Len Small , and was sworn into the governorship on January 14 , 1929 . During his tenure , he faced mounting difficulties resulting from the Great Depression . Taxpayers were granted some relief when legislation was adopted that eased penalties on overdue taxes and allowed for the issuance of emergency bonds . Also , a motor fuel-tax was instituted and used for improvements in the highway system , the first unemployment commission was initiated , and federal grants were sanctioned for the completion of the Lakes-to-the-Gulf Waterway . Emmerson did not seek reelection and left office on January 9 , 1933 , retiring from politics . Governor Louis L. Emmerson died on February 4 , 1941 , and was buried at the Oakwood Cemetery in Mt. Vernon , Illinois . ", "Jordan Ben Joseph Sanderson -LRB- born 7 August 1993 -RRB- is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Braintree Town . Sanderson came through the Academy at Colchester United , where he made two Football League appearances . He featured for Chelmsford City on loan before joining Ebbsfleet United . He made just one league appearance for the club while spending time on loan at Lewes and Grays Athletic . He signed for Greek side Chania in September 2015 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe", "Faust_-LRB-magazine-RRB-", "Ernst_August_Friedrich_Klingemann", "Nik_Welter", "Friedrich_Adalbert_Maximilian_Kuhn" ]

[ "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -LRB- -LSB- ˈgɜːrtə -RSB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə -RSB- ; 28 August 1749 -- 22 March 1832 -RRB- was a German writer and statesman . His works include epic and lyric poetry ; prose and verse dramas ; memoirs ; an autobiography ; literary and aesthetic criticism ; treatises on botany , anatomy , and colour ; and four novels . In addition , numerous literary and scientific fragments , more than 10,000 letters , and nearly 3,000 drawings by him exist . A literary celebrity by the age of 25 , Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar , Carl August in 1782 after taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel , The Sorrows of Young Werther . He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement . During his first ten years in Weimar , Goethe was a member of the Duke 's privy council , sat on the war and highway commissions , oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau , and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena . He also contributed to the planning of Weimar 's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace , which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . His first major scientific work , the Metamorphosis of Plants , was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy . In 1791 , he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar , and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist , historian , and philosopher Friedrich Schiller , whose plays he premiered until Schiller 's death in 1805 . During this period , Goethe published his second novel , Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship , the verse epic Hermann and Dorothea , and , in 1808 , the first part of his most celebrated drama , Faust . His conversations and various common undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Wilhelm von Humboldt , and August and Friedrich Schlegel have , in later years , been collectively termed Weimar Classicism . Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written , along with Tristram Shandy , La Nouvelle Héloïse , and Don Quixote , and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six `` representative men '' in his work of the same name , along with Plato , Emanuel Swedenborg , Michel de Montaigne , Napoleon , and William Shakespeare . Goethe 's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works , most notably Johann Peter Eckermann 's Conversations with Goethe . ", "is a literary magazine published irregularly by Kodansha since 2003 promoted as a `` Fighting illustory magazine . '' Square-bound like novels , all volumes have remained in print . Faust features young writers and a style derived from light novels . The magazine is single-handedly edited by Katsushi Ōta , who was also in charge of the Kodansha Box line . Del Rey released an English language edition in August 2008 and plans to publish at least two volumes total , with content culled from all issues of the Japanese magazine . ", "Ernst August Friedrich Klingemann -LRB- 31 August 1777 in Braunschweig -- 25 January 1831 in Braunschweig -RRB- was a German writer . He is generally agreed to be the author of the 1804 novel Nachtwachen -LRB- Nightwatches -RRB- under the pseudonym Bonaventura . ", "Nikolaus `` Nik '' Welter -LRB- 2 January 1871 , Mersch -- 13 July 1951 , Luxembourg City -RRB- was a Luxembourgish writer , playwright , poet , professor , literary critic -LRB- Germanic and Romance languages -RRB- , and statesman . He wrote predominantly in German . He also served as a Minister for Education in the government of Émile Reuter . After his university studies in Leuven , Paris , Bonn and Berlin , he became a teacher in Diekirch -LRB- 1897-1906 -RRB- and later at the Athénée de Luxembourg in Luxembourg City -LRB- 1906-1918 -RRB- . Welter mainly wrote plays and poetry . His work Griselinde -LRB- 1901 -RRB- inspired the Luxembourgish composer Alfred Kowalsky to write the opera of the same name . Other well-known works are Die Söhne des Öslings , Goethes Husar , Der Abtrünnige , Professor Forster and Lene Frank . From early on , Nik Welter was involved with the Félibrige , a poets ' movement in the Provence , and was in contact with the members of the Felibertum félibrige : Frédéric Mistral , Joseph Roumanille and Théodore Aubanel . He was often at Mistral 's house in Bouches-du-Rhône and was taken up into the circle of the Féliber . In the same way , he also met German Romanists such as Eduard Koschwitz and August Bertuch . Along with the two German Romanists , he campaigned successfully for Frédéric Mistral to be awarded the 1904 Nobel Prrize for Literature . Nik Welter recorded his travels in the Provence and in Tunisia in the book Hohe Sonnentage . In his book Im Werden und Wachsen , he wrote about his childhood in Mersch . He was the author of the first Luxembourgish schoolbook Das Luxemburgische und sein Schrifttum . ", "Friedrich Adalbert Maximilian Kuhn -LRB- 3 December 1842 -- 13 September 1894 -RRB- was a German botanist , who specialized in the field of pteridology . He went by the name `` Max , '' and his name was often written `` Maximilian Friedrich Adalbert Kuhn . '' He studied natural sciences at Berlin , where his influences included Alexander Braun . While still a student , he took part in a botanical trip to the Carpathians under the direction of Paul Friedrich August Ascherson . From 1870 onward , he taught classes at the Konigstadtische Realschule -LRB- later gymnasium -RRB- in Berlin . In 1889 he received the title of professor . Following the death of Georg Heinrich Mettenius , he published his scientific legacy , Reliquiae Mettenianae , in the 35th volume of Linnaea -LRB- 1867 -- 68 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "University_of_Leicester", "Exhumation_and_reburial_of_Richard_III_of_England", "King's_Hall,_Cambridge", "The_King's_University_-LRB-Edmonton-RRB-", "Leicester_City_Police" ]

[ "The University of Leicester -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɛstə -RSB- -RRB- is a public research university based in Leicester , England . The main campus is south of the city centre , adjacent to Victoria Park . The university established itself as a research-led university . It was previously ranking among the top 20 universities in the United Kingdom and was ranked 13th in 2014 by the Guardian . In 2008 , it was awarded University of the Year by the Times . As of 2016/17 the university is nationally ranked 25th in The Sunday Times Good University Guide , and 29th in the latest The Complete University Guide . It is ranked as one of the top 200 universities in the world by the Times in 2017 . The university is most famous for the invention of genetic fingerprinting and contributing to the discovery and identification of the remains of King Richard III . ", "The exhumation and reburial of Richard III began with the discovery of the king 's remains within the site of the former Greyfriars Friary Church in Leicester , England , in September 2012 . Following extensive anthropological and genetic testing , the remains of Richard III , the last English king killed in battle , were ultimately reinterred at Leicester Cathedral on 26 March 2015 . Richard III , the final ruler of the Plantagenet dynasty , was killed on 22 August 1485 in the Battle of Bosworth Field , the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses . His body was taken to Greyfriars Friary in Leicester , where it was buried in a crude grave in the friary church . Following the friary 's dissolution in 1538 and subsequent demolition , Richard 's tomb was lost . An erroneous account arose that Richard 's bones had been thrown into the River Soar at the nearby Bow Bridge . A search for Richard 's body began in August 2012 , initiated by the Looking for Richard project with the support of the Richard III Society . The archaeological excavation was led by the University of Leicester Archaeological Services , working in partnership with Leicester City Council . On the first day a human skeleton belonging to a man in his thirties was uncovered showing signs of severe injuries . The skeleton , which had several unusual physical features , most notably a severe curvature of the back , was exhumed to allow scientific analysis . Examination showed that the man had probably been killed either by a blow from a large bladed weapon , probably a halberd , which cut off the back of his skull and exposed the brain , or by a sword thrust that penetrated all the way through the brain . Other wounds on the skeleton had probably occurred after death as `` humiliation injuries '' , inflicted as a form of posthumous revenge . The age of the bones at death matched that of Richard when he was killed ; they were dated to about the period of his death and were mostly consistent with physical descriptions of the king . Preliminary DNA analysis showed that mitochondrial DNA extracted from the bones matched that of two matrilineal descendants , one 17th-generation and the other 19th-generation , of Richard 's sister Anne of York . Taking these findings into account along with other historical , scientific and archaeological evidence , the University of Leicester announced on 4 February 2013 that it had concluded beyond reasonable doubt that the skeleton was that of Richard III . As a condition of being allowed to disinter the skeleton , the archaeologists agreed that , if Richard were found , his remains would be reburied in Leicester Cathedral . A controversy arose as to whether an alternative reburial site , York Minster or Westminster Abbey , would be more suitable . A legal challenge confirmed there were no public law grounds for the courts to be involved in that decision . Reinterment took place in Leicester on 26 March 2015 , during a televised memorial service held in the presence of the Archbishop of Canterbury and senior members of other Christian denominations . ", "King 's Hall was once one of the constituent colleges of Cambridge , founded in 1317 , the second after Peterhouse . King 's Hall was established by King Edward II to provide chancery clerks for his administration , and was very rich compared to Michaelhouse , which occupied the southern area of what is now Trinity Great Court . ", "The King 's University located in Edmonton , Alberta , Canada , is a top private Christian university offering bachelor 's degrees in the arts , humanities , music , social sciences , natural sciences and commerce/management , as well as an education after degree . King 's currently serves more than 600 students from across Canada and abroad , representing more than 16 nations . ", "The city of Leicester in England was policed independently until 1 April 1967 when its police force was merged with the Leicestershire and Rutland Constabulary to form the Leicester and Rutland Constabulary . From about 1750 until September 1835 the borough corporation appointed night watchmen and day `` police '' . Under the Municipal Corporations Act the councillors of Leicester were required to appoint a Watch Committee and to make arrangements for the proper policing of the town . The Leicester Borough Police force was established in January 1836 . The first Inspector and `` Head Constable '' was Frederick Goodyer who had previously served with The Metropolitan Police in London since 1829 . There were initially five sergeants and fifty constables in the force.Minutes of the Leicester City Watch Committee , January 1836 The last Chief Constable of the Leicester City Police was Robert Mark who later became the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Baloch_people", "Balochi_language", "Karachay-Balkar_language", "Haush_language", "Baruuli" ]

[ "The Baloch or Baluch -LRB- Balochi : -RRB- are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan , Iran , and Afghanistan , as well as in the Arabian Peninsula . They mainly speak the Balochi language , a branch of Northwestern Iranian languages , and are an Iranic people . About 50 % of the total Baloch population live in Balochistan , a western province of Pakistan ; 40 % of Baloch are settled in Sindh ; and a significant number of Baloch people in Punjab of Pakistan . They make up nearly 3.6 % of the Pakistani population , about 2 % of Iran 's population -LRB- 1.5 million -RRB- and about 2 % of Afghanistan 's population . Baloch people co-inhabit desert and mountainous regions with Pashtuns , Baloch people practice Islam , are predominantly Sunni , and use Urdu as a lingua-franca to communicate with other ethnic groups , such as Pashtuns and Sindhis , similar to the rest of Pakistan . Prominent Baloch people in Pakistan include former Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali and former President Asif Ali Zardari who is an ethnic Baloch from Sindh . Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry born in Quetta , is the longest-serving Chief Justice of Pakistan is another prominent Baloch personality . The son of Benazir Bhutto , Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the Chief of the Baloch Zardari tribe . Farooq Leghari was the first ever ethnic Baloch to be elected President , he was the tribal chief of the Leghari tribe . ", "Balochi -LRB- -LSB- بلؤچی , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a Northwestern Iranian language . It is the principal language of the Baloch people . ", "The Karachay-Balkar language -LRB- Къарачай-Малкъар тил , Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил , Tawlu til -RRB- is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars . It is divided into two dialects : Karachay-Baksan-Chegem , which pronounces two phonemes as -LSB- / tʃ / -RSB- and -LSB- / dʒ / -RSB- , and Balkar , which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as -LSB- / ts / -RSB- and -LSB- / z / -RSB- . The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect . The language is closely related to Kumyk . ", "The Haush language -LRB- also Manek ` enk -RRB- was an indigenous language spoken by the Haush people and was formerly spoken on the island of Tierra del Fuego . The Haush were considered the oldest inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego ; they inhabited the far eastern tip of the Mitre Peninsula on the island . They made regular hunting trips to Isla de los Estados . Before 1850 , an estimated 300 people spoke Haush . The last speaker of Haush died around 1920 and the language is considered extinct . Haush is considered to be related to the Selknam , Gününa Yajich , Teushen , and Tehuelche languages , which collectively belong to the Chonan language family . P'all is a Haush word that means '' -LRB- to be -RRB- black . '' ", "The Baluuli -LRB- ethnonym : Baluuli ; singular Muluuli -RRB- , are a Bantu ethnic group native to Buganda , a subnational kingdom within Uganda . They stay in an area calleed Buruuli . They share a common ancestry with the Banyala . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Therasia", "Indian_subcontinent", "Balkans", "Iberian_Peninsula", "Turgai_Sea" ]

[ "Therasia , also known as Thirasía , is an island in the volcanic island group of Santorini in the Greek Cyclades . It lies north-west of Nea Kameni , a small island formed in recent centuries by volcanic activity and thus marking the centre of the island group . Therasia is the second largest island of the group , the largest by far being Thera . Therasia has a land area of 9.299 km ² and its population was 319 inhabitants at the 2011 census . It is part of the municipal unit of Oia . Thera and Therasia were separated by the Thera eruption . At Knossos , in a LMIIIA context -LRB- 14th century BC -RRB- , seven Linear B texts while calling upon `` all the gods '' make sure to grant primacy to an elsewhere-unattested entity called qe-ra-si-ja and , once , qe-ra-si-jo . However this probably refers to a god or a person rather than to an island * Qherasia > Therasia . Thirasia is also the book of Greek poet Dimitris Varos that became a music album and theatrical performance by Greek composer Giannis Markopoulos under the title Daring Communication - Electric Theseus . ", "The Indian subcontinent or the subcontinent , also called the Indian continent , is a southern region of Asia , mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas . Geologically , the Indian subcontinent is related to the land mass that rifted from Gondwana and merged with the Eurasian plate nearly 55 million years ago . Geographically , it is the peninsular region in south-central Asia delineated by the Himalayas in the north , the Hindu Kush in the west , and the Arakanese in the east . Politically , the Indian subcontinent usually includes Bangladesh , Bhutan , India , Maldives , Nepal , Pakistan and Sri Lanka . Sometimes , the term South Asia is used interchangeably with Indian subcontinent . There is no consensus about which countries should be included in each . ", "The Balkan Peninsula , or the Balkans , is a peninsula and a cultural area in Eastern and Southeastern Europe with various and disputed borders . The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch from the Serbian-Bulgarian border to the Black Sea . The Balkans are bordered by the Adriatic Sea on the northwest , the Ionian Sea on the southwest , the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea on the south and southeast , and the Black Sea on the east and northeast . The highest point of the Balkans is Mount Musala 2925 m in the Rila mountain range . ", "The Iberian Peninsula -LSB- aɪˈbɪəriən_pəˈnɪnsjᵿlə -RSB- , also known as Iberia -LSB- aɪˈbɪəriə -RSB- , is located in the southwest corner of Europe . The peninsula is principally divided between Portugal and Spain , comprising most of their territory . It also includes Andorra and a small part of France along the peninsula 's northeastern edge , as well as Gibraltar on its south coast , a small peninsula that forms an overseas territory of the United Kingdom . With an area of approximately 582000 km2 , it is the second largest European peninsula , after the Scandinavian . ", "The Turgai -LRB- or Turgay -RRB- Sea or Turgai Strait , also known as the West Siberian Sea , was a large shallow body of salt water -LRB- an epicontinental or epeiric sea -RRB- of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras . It extended north of the present-day Caspian Sea to the `` paleo-Arctic '' region , and was in existence from Middle Jurassic to Oligocene times , from approximately 160 to 29 million years ago . The Turgai Sea was not absolutely continuous throughout this entire era , though it was a persistent and predominating feature in its region ; it `` fragmented southern Europe and southwestern Asia into many large islands , and separated Europe from Asia . '' The division of the Eurasian landmass by the Turgai Sea had the effect of isolating animal populations . Perhaps best known to laypeople were the horned dinosaurs called Ceratopsia of the Cretaceous Period , which were restricted to Asia and western North America -LRB- which were connected for much of this era -RRB- . The existence of the Turgai Sea also restricted various freshwater fish and amphibians . The Turgai Sea derives its name from a region of modern-day Kazakhstan , with its Turgai River and Turgai Valley . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Superhuman", "Human_skin_color", "Weapon_P.R.I.M.E.", "Mastermind_-LRB-Jason_Wyngarde-RRB-", "Apocalypse_Twins" ]

[ "Superhuman qualities are qualities that exceed those found in humans . Superhuman abilities are found in some fictional characters , especially as superheroes in American comic books . Fictional characters have been portrayed as having psychic abilities , flying abilities , impossible strength , or exceptional proficiency beyond human capability . Superhuman can also mean something that is not human , but considered to be `` superior '' to humans in some way , e.g. a tiger may be described as having `` superhuman strength '' . Superhuman abilities may result from human enhancement by genetic modification , cybernetic implants , nanotechnology , radiation or from human evolution in the future . ", "Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest hues . An individual 's skin pigmentation is the result of genetics , being the product of both of the individual 's biological parents ' genetic makeup . In evolution , skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin , controlling its biochemical effects . The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances , although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin . Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes and it is the main determinant of the skin color of darker-skinned humans . The skin color of people with light skin is determined mainly by the bluish-white connective tissue under the dermis and by the hemoglobin circulating in the veins of the dermis . The red color underlying the skin becomes more visible , especially in the face , when , as consequence of physical exercise or the stimulation of the nervous system -LRB- anger , fear -RRB- , arterioles dilate . Color is not entirely uniform across an individual 's skin ; for example , the skin of the palm and the sole is lighter than most other skin , and this is especially noticeable in darker-skinned people . There is a direct correlation between the geographic distribution of UV radiation -LRB- UVR -RRB- and the distribution of indigenous skin pigmentation around the world . Areas that receive higher amounts of UVR , generally located closer to the equator , tend to have darker-skinned populations . Areas that are far from the tropics and closer to the poles have lower intensity of UVR , which is reflected in lighter-skinned populations . Researchers suggest that human populations over the past 50,000 years have changed from dark-skinned to light-skinned and vice versa as they migrated to different UV zones , and that such major changes in pigmentation may have happened in as little as 100 generations -LRB- ≈ 2,500 years -RRB- through selective sweeps . Natural skin color can also darken as a result of tanning due to exposure to sunlight . The leading theory is that skin color adapts to intense sunlight irradiation to provide partial protection against the ultraviolet fraction that produces damage and thus mutations in the DNA of the skin cells . In addition , it has been observed that adult human females on average are significantly lighter in skin pigmentation than males . Females need more calcium during pregnancy and lactation . The body synthesizes vitamin D from sunlight , which helps it absorb calcium . Females evolved to have lighter skin so their bodies absorb more calcium . The social significance of differences in skin color has varied across cultures and over time , as demonstrated with regard to social status and discrimination . ", "Weapon P.R.I.M.E. is a group of fictional superhuman operatives appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They are usually depicted as acting under the authority of Canada 's Department K . They became Canada 's preeminent superhero team after the demise of Alpha Flight . Their first appearance and mission was in X-Force # 11-14 . As revealed in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe : A-Z , `` P.R.I.M.E. '' stands for `` PRototype Induced Mutation Echelon . '' ", "Mastermind -LRB- Jason Wyngarde -RRB- is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He most often appears as an adversary of the X-Men . The original Mastermind was a mutant with the psionic ability to generate complex telepathic illusions at will that cause his victims to see whatever he wishes them to see . He was a founding member of the first Brotherhood of Evil Mutants and later a probationary member of the Lords Cardinal of the Hellfire Club , where he played an important role in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga . '' After Wyngarde 's death from the Legacy Virus , his three daughters appeared , two of whom possessed his illusion-creating abilities -LRB- Martinique Jason uses his code name , while Regan Wyngarde calls herself Lady Mastermind -RRB- and third is the X-Man , Pixie . In 2009 , Mastermind was named IGN 's 98th Top Comic Book Villain of All Time . ", "The Apocalypse Twins , Uriel and Eimin , are a pair of fictional comic book supervillains who appear in books published by Marvel Comics , usually as adversaries of the X-Men . Created by writer Rick Remender and artist Oliver Coipel , the Twins first appeared in Uncanny Avengers # 5 -LRB- May 2012 -RRB- . They are the twin children of X-Man Archangel and Ichisumi , a Horseman of Apocalypse . In the storyline the Twins were kidnapped by Kang the Conqueror and taken to the future where he raised them . The Apocalypse Twins later travelled back in time , attacking and killing a Celestial . Using the powers gained from the dead Celestial they raised four dead superpowered beings from death -LRB- Banshee , Daken , Grim Reaper , and Sentry -RRB- , having them serve as their `` Horsemen of Death '' as they fought against the Avengers . In the end much of the storyline with the Apocalypse Twins was undone through time travel , leaving the fate of Uriel and Eimin unclear . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mercedes-Benz", "Grosser_Mercedes", "Daimler-Benz", "Daimler_AG", "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft" ]

[ "Mercedes-Benz -LRB- -LSB- mɛʁˈtseːdəsˌbɛnts -RSB- -RRB- is a global automobile manufacturer and a division of the German company Daimler AG . The brand is known for luxury vehicles , buses , coaches , and trucks . The headquarters is in Stuttgart , Baden-Württemberg . The name first appeared in 1926 under Daimler-Benz , but traces its origins to Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft 's 1901 Mercedes and Karl Benz 's 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen , which is widely regarded as the first gasoline-powered automobile . The slogan for the brand is `` the best or nothing '' and Mercedes-Benz was one of the top growing brands in 2014 with 18 % growth . ", "Grosser Mercedes -LRB- correct : Großer Mercedes -RRB- is an unofficial name given to two large luxury automobiles made by Mercedes-Benz : the Mercedes-Benz 770 , made from 1930 to 1943 , and the Mercedes-Benz 600 , made from 1964 to 1981 . The translation simply means `` large '' or `` grand '' Mercedes . ", "Daimler-Benz AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈdaɪ̯mlɐ ˈbɛnt͡s -RSB- -RRB- was a German manufacturer of automobiles , motor vehicles , and internal combustion engines ; founded in 1926 . An Agreement of Mutual Interest - which was valid until 2000 - was signed on 1 May 1924 between Karl Benz 's Benz & Cie. , and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft , which had been founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach . Daimler had died in 1900 , and Maybach had left in 1907 . Both companies continued to manufacture their separate automobile and internal combustion engine marques until , on 28 June 1926 , when Benz & Cie. and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft formally merged - becoming Daimler-Benz AG -LRB- Aktiengesellschaft -RRB- - and agreed that thereafter , all of the factories would use the brand name of `` Mercedes-Benz '' on their automobiles . The inclusion of the name Mercedes in the new brand name honored the most important model series of DMG automobiles , the Mercedes series , which were designed and built by Wilhelm Maybach . They derived their name from a 1900 engine named after the daughter of Emil Jellinek . Jellinek became one of DMG 's directors in 1900 , ordered a small number of motor racing cars built to his specifications by Maybach , stipulated that the engine must be named Daimler-Mercedes , and made the new automobile famous through motorsports . That race car later became known as the Mercedes 35 hp . The first of the series of production models bearing the name , Mercedes , had been produced by DMG in 1902 . Jellinek left the DMG board of directors in 1909 . The name of Daimler as a marque of automobiles had been sold by DMG - following his death in 1900 - for use by other companies -LRB- Daimler Motor Company and Austro-Daimler -RRB- , so the new company , Daimler-Benz , would have created confusion and legal problems to include Daimler in its new brand name , and therefore , used Mercedes to represent the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft interest . Karl Benz remained as a member of the board of directors of Daimler-Benz AG until his death in 1929 . Although Daimler-Benz is best known for its Mercedes-Benz automobile brand , during World War II it also created a notable series of aircraft , tank , and submarine engines . Daimler also produced parts for German arms , most notably barrels for the Mauser rifle . During World War II Daimler-Benz employed slave labour . In 1989 Daimler-Benz InterServices AG -LRB- Debis -RRB- was created to handle data processing , financial and insurance services , and real estate management for the Daimler group . In 1998 , Daimler-Benz AG bought the American automobile manufacturer Chrysler Corporation , and formed DaimlerChrysler AG . When the Chrysler Group was subsequently sold off to Cerberus Capital Management and renamed Chrysler LLC in August 2007 , the name of the parent company was changed to simply Daimler AG within two months . ", "Daimler AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈdaɪmlɐ aːˈɡeː -RSB- -RRB- is a German multinational automotive corporation . Daimler AG is headquartered in Stuttgart , Baden-Württemberg , Germany . As of 2014 , Daimler owns or has shares in a number of car , bus , truck and motorcycle brands including Mercedes-Benz , Mercedes-AMG , Smart Automobile , Detroit Diesel , Freightliner , Western Star , Thomas Built Buses , Setra , BharatBenz , Mitsubishi Fuso , MV Agusta as well as shares in Denza , KAMAZ , Beijing Automotive Group . The luxury Maybach brand was terminated at the end of 2012 , but revived in April 2015 as `` Mercedes-Maybach '' versions of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and G-Class . In 2016 Daimler sold 3.0 million vehicles . By unit sales , Daimler is the thirteenth-largest car manufacturer and is the largest truck manufacturer in the world . In addition to automobiles , Daimler manufactures buses and provides financial services through its Daimler Financial Services arm . The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index . ", "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft -LRB- DMG -RRB- -LRB- Daimler Motors Corporation -RRB- was a German engine and later automobile manufacturer , in operation from 1890 until 1926 . Founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach , it was based first in Cannstatt -LRB- today Bad Cannstatt , a city district of Stuttgart -RRB- . Daimler died in 1900 , and their business moved in 1903 to Stuttgart-Untertürkheim after the original factory was destroyed by fire , and again to Berlin in 1922 . Other factories were located in Marienfelde -LRB- near Berlin -RRB- and Sindelfingen -LRB- next to Stuttgart -RRB- . The enterprise was begun to produce petrol engines but after the success of a small number of race cars built on contract by Wilhelm Maybach for Emil Jellinek , it began to produce the Mercedes model of 1902 . After this automobile production expanded to become DMG '' 's main product , and it built several models . Because of the post World War One German economic crisis , DMG merged in 1926 with Benz & Cie. , becoming Daimler-Benz and adopting Mercedes-Benz as its automobile trademark . A further merger occurred in 1998 with Chrysler to become DaimlerChrysler '' . The name was finally changed to just Daimler AG in 2007 when Chrysler was sold . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Globalism", "2010_UK_quango_reforms", "Alex_MacGillivray", "Manifesto_for_a_Global_Economic_Ethic", "Global_resources_dividend" ]

[ "Globalism a group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization . It tends to advocate for such policies as increases in immigration , free trade , lowering tariffs , interventionism and global governance . It is typically viewed as opposite of nationalism , and has become increasingly divisive in politics in many developed countries , such as the United States . ", "Following the 2010 United Kingdom general election , the UK Government announced plans to curb public spending through the abolition of a large number of quasi-autonomous non-governmental organisations -LRB- quangos -RRB- . On 23 May 2010 , Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne unveiled a # 500million plan to reduce the budget deficit by abolishing or merging many quangos . This was styled in the national press as a `` bonfire of the quangos '' , making reference to Girolamo Savonarola 's religiously inspired Bonfire of the Vanities -LRB- `` falò delle vanità '' -RRB- . The cuts and closures received criticism in some quarters , but was generally welcomed by the business community . ", "Alex MacGillivray works at CDC Group PLC as director of development impact . He used to be a managing director at the non-profit research institute AccountAbility . He previously served as deputy director of the New Economics Foundation . MacGillivray has worked for a range of governments , companies and non-profit organizations , and with United Nations agencies . He was part of the team that created the Living Planet Index for the Worldwide Fund for Nature -LRB- WWF -RRB- . MacGillivray was also lead author of the research report , Low Flying Heroes , whose title stems from the notion that social entrepreneurs and community activists operate mostly under the official radar that monitors community development . He is the author of A Brief History of Globalization , a popular account of global trends in which he discusses the concepts of Global Intent and globalization . MacGillivray has twenty years experience working on corporate responsibility and sustainable development . Since 2006 he has lectured MSc students at Imperial College 's Centre for Environmental Policy where he studied for his own masters in 1990 . ", "In the declaration Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic fundamental principles and values of a global economy are set forth , according to the Declaration toward a Global Ethic issued by the Parliament of World Religions -LRB- Chicago 1993 -RRB- . In 2009 the Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic was presented at a joint event with the UN Global Compact at the UN headquarters in New York . First signatories include renowned international leaders such as Mary Robinson , former president of Ireland , and Archbishop emeritus Desmond Tutu , Nobel Peace Prize Laureate . ", "The global resources dividend -LRB- GRD -RRB- is a method of tackling global poverty advanced by the philosopher Thomas Pogge . He presents it as an alternative to the current global economic order . Under the scheme nations would pay a dividend -LRB- tax -RRB- on any resources that they use or sell , resulting in a sort of `` tax on consumption '' Pogge 's scheme is motivated by the positive duty to alleviate poverty , but also on the negative responsibility of the rich not to use institutions that perpetuate economic inequality . Pogge estimates that a dividend of just 1 % could raise $ 300 billion each year ; this would equal $ 250 for each individual in the worlds poorest quintile . Implementing some version of the GRD entails not only discussions about practicality , but presumably , an affirmation of what is right . As Pogge puts it `` Our task as philosophers requires that we try to imagine new , better political structures and different , better moral sentiments . We must be realistic , but not to the point of presenting to the parties in the original position the essentials of the status quo as unalterable facts . '' " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "John_S._McCain_Jr.", "William_Bee_Ravenel_III", "H.M._Rowe", "Cardinal_Gibbons_School_-LRB-Baltimore,_Maryland-RRB-", "Massachusetts_Republican_presidential_primary,_2008" ]

[ "John Sidney `` Jack '' McCain Jr. -LRB- January 17 , 1911 -- March 22 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States Navy admiral , who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s , including as the Commander , United States Pacific Command . McCain grew up in Washington , D.C. , and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1931 , after which he entered the submarine service . In World War II , he commanded submarines in several theaters of operation , was responsible for sinking several Japanese ships , and was decorated with both the Silver Star and Bronze Star . After the war , he held a variety of commands , specializing in amphibious warfare . He led the 1965 U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic . He also served in several posts in Washington , including the Legislative Affairs Office and Chief of Naval Information , where he became influential in political affairs . He was a staunch anti-Communist , and was such an advocate of a strong naval presence that he became known as `` Mr. Seapower '' . During the Vietnam War , McCain was Commander-in-Chief , Pacific Command -LRB- CINCPAC -RRB- , commander of all U.S. forces in the Vietnam theater from 1968 to 1972 . He was a stalwart supporter of President Richard Nixon 's policy of Vietnamization . McCain played a significant role in the militarization of U.S. policy towards Cambodia , helping to convince Nixon to launch the 1970 Cambodian Incursion and establishing a personal relationship with Cambodian leader Lon Nol . McCain was also a proponent of the 1971 incursion into Laos . McCain retired from the Navy in 1972 . His father , John S. McCain Sr. , was also an admiral in the Navy and a naval aviator , and the two were the first father-son pair to achieve four-star rank . His son , John S. McCain III , is a former naval aviator who was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam during McCain 's time as CINCPAC , who retired with the rank of captain and then became a United States Senator and the 2008 Republican Party nominee for President of the United States . ", "William Bee Ravenel III -LRB- Aug 9 , 1914 -- May 12 , 1968 -RRB- was an educator and a soldier . As head of the English Department at the Episcopal High School in Alexandria , Virginia , he was a major influence on the life of Arizona senator and 2008 U.S. presidential candidate John McCain , who called Ravenel `` one of the finest men I have ever known '' . During World War II Maj. Ravenel received both the Silver Star and the Bronze Star with two Oak Leaf Clusters while serving in the 6th Armored Division of General George Patton 's Third Army . He became a Colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve while teaching at Episcopal High . Sen. McCain reflected on the positive impact Mr. Ravenel had on his life in an interview with the Harvard Mentoring Project of the Harvard School of Public Health : `` I have never forgotten the confidence his praise gave me . Nor did I ever forget the man who praised me . Years later , during the time I was imprisoned in Vietnam , I thought about Mr. Ravenel a lot . He was the one who reinforced in me the standards of honorable behavior . I was faced with several decisions and one in particular , would I accept an offer of the Vietnamese to go home early ? I thought about the fact that Mr. Ravenel had been in combat in World War II and thus had a feel for what I was involved in . And I really believed , as I thought about it and considered it , that Mr. Ravenel would n't look favorably upon such a decision , because it was not an honorable one . So , I refused the offer ... `` After I returned home , Mr. Ravenel was the only person outside of my family who I wanted to see , because his approval or disapproval of me was probably more important than anyone else 's in my life , outside of my father 's . I felt he was someone to whom I could explain what had happened to me , and who would understand . That is a high tribute to Mr. Ravenel . `` I regret that I was never able to pay him that tribute . Upon return I found that my mentor had passed on . Mr. Ravenel had died of a heart attack two years -LSB- sic -RSB- before my release from prison . He lived for only 53 years . His early death was a great loss to his family , friends , and students , and to everyone who had been blessed with his company ; a loss I found difficult to accept . `` Were William B. Ravenel the only person I remembered from high school , I would credit those days as among the best of my life . He was an inspirational man , and I was n't the only one that he inspired . His influence over my life , while perhaps not apparent to most who have observed its progress , was more important and more benevolent than that of any other person save members of my family . '' ", "Dr. Harry Marc Rowe -LRB- 1861 -- 1926 -RRB- was an American businessman in Baltimore , Maryland . Rowe 's career started in teaching . He advanced to become the president of Curry College in Pittsburgh . He left to become an early practicing accountant . In 1897 he became president of Eastern Commercial Teachers ' Association . Rowe and Warren Sadler started a business in Baltimore publishing a practical accounting text in workbook format . The Sadler-Rowe Company was under Rowe 's control in 1907 , and renamed to the H.M. Rowe Company in 1911 . Rowe operated the De Kol Farm dairy outside of Baltimore . He also owned a large frame house on Johnnycake Road in Catonsville , that burned down on 23 March 1912 , but was well insured . Shortly afterward in 1913 , Rowe constructed a $ 20,000 mausoleum in Woodlawn Cemetery . Rowe was an executive of the American Automobile Association , becoming its president from 1916-1918 promoting road construction to Congress . Rowe partnered with A.T. Carozza on lucrative road building and public works contracts in Maryland , forming Carozza-Rowe Construction . In 1926 , Carozza mortgaged his Ingleside estate to Rowe and again to Addison E. Mullikin . The same year , Rowe 's son killed his father with a crowbar , stabbed his sister , pushed his mother into a fire , and was found dead in the Severn River soon afterward . ", "The Cardinal Gibbons School , also referred to as Cardinal Gibbons , CG and most commonly as Gibbons , was a Roman Catholic high school and middle school for boys in Baltimore , Maryland , USA . A private institution for grades 6 -- 12 , Gibbons drew its enrollment from the neighborhoods of southwest Baltimore City and the counties surrounding the Baltimore metropolitan area , with some as far away as Harford County , Carroll County and Frederick County . Named in honor of Baltimore 's most distinguished churchman , James Cardinal Gibbons , the school was established in 1962 by the Archdiocese of Baltimore . Gibbons occupied the former site of the St. Mary 's Industrial School , a reform school for boys and the Alma Mater of baseball great George Herman `` Babe '' Ruth . Following extensive renovations of the old St. Mary 's campus in the early 1960s , the Cardinal Gibbons School opened . The school grew to its peak enrollment of just over 1,000 students in the mid-1970s . In 1988 , the school expanded its academic programs with the addition of a middle school . The middle school program ceased operation following the 2009 academic school year . Due to economic strains on the Archdiocese , in addition to declining enrollment at Gibbons , it was announced the school would close following the conclusion of the 2009 -- 2010 school year . Gibbons was a college preparatory middle and high school , with core curriculum courses in literature , religious studies , mathematics , laboratory science , social sciences and history , fine arts , physical education , technology , and foreign language . Gibbons offered a variety of Advanced Placement courses , including joint courses with neighboring all-girls high school Seton Keough to the south . Gibbons also offered dual enrollment courses in conjunction with the Community College of Baltimore County . All students at Gibbons were held to academic integrity through the use of an honor code . A long-standing rivalry existed between Cardinal Gibbons and nearby high school Mount Saint Joseph in the Irvington neighborhood of southwest Baltimore . Due to their close proximity and frequent meetings in playoffs and tournaments in basketball , the rivalry intensified as the Gibbons ' basketball program established itself as a championship program in the 1970s . The rivalry grew to include other sports and academics as well . Organizations were established to make attempts to reopen the school , but the school continues to remain closed . The grounds are not used for academics , although local schools and sport programs have made use of the athletic facilities . In 2012 , neighboring St. Agnes Hospital purchased the old Gibbons property and plans to incorporate the old campus into its growing medical facilities . The newly renovated facility will be known as the Gibbons Commons . ", "The Massachusetts Republican Primary took place on February 5 , 2008 , with 40 national delegates . Polls indicated that former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney was leading rival John McCain ; Romney ended up defeating McCain by roughly 10 % of the vote . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Padua", "Masbate_Cathedral", "St._Anthony_of_Padua_Cathedral,_Patos_de_Minas", "Padovo_pri_Osilnici", "Italian_general_election,_1953_-LRB-Veneto-RRB-" ]

[ "Padua -LRB- -LSB- ˈpædju.ə -RSB- or -LSB- ˈpædʒu.ə -RSB- , Padova -LSB- ˈpaːdova -RSB- ; Pàdova -RRB- is a city and comune in Veneto , northern Italy . It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area . Padua 's population is 214,000 . The city is sometimes included , with Venice -LRB- Italian Venezia -RRB- and Treviso , in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area , which has a population of c. 1,600,000 . Padua stands on the Bacchiglione River , 40 km west of Venice and 29 km southeast of Vicenza . The Brenta River , which once ran through the city , still touches the northern districts . Its agricultural setting is the Venetian Plain -LRB- Pianura Veneta -RRB- . To the city 's south west lies the Euganaean Hills , praised by Lucan and Martial , Petrarch , Ugo Foscolo , and Shelley . It hosts the University of Padua , founded in 1222 , where Galileo Galilei was a lecturer . The city is picturesque , with a dense network of arcaded streets opening into large communal piazze , and many bridges crossing the various branches of the Bacchiglione , which once surrounded the ancient walls like a moat . Padua is the setting for most of the action in Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew . There is a play by the Victorian writer Oscar Wilde , titled The Duchess Of Padua . ", "Masbate Cathedral , formally known as the Cathedral-Parish of Saint Anthony of Padua , is a Roman Catholic church located on Quezon Street in Masbate City , Masbate Province , the Philippines . It is the cathedral or seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Masbate . It belongs to the Vicariate of St. Anthony of Padua , which includes also Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish in Malinta , Masbate City and St. Nicholas of Tolentino Parish in Mobo . It was founded in 1578 by Spanish Missionaries . The present rector of the cathedral is Rev. Ismael B. Misolas . ", "The St. Anthony of Padua Cathedral -LRB- Catedral Santo Antônio de Pádua -RRB- Also Patos de Minas Cathedral It is a Catholic church located in Patos de Minas , in the state of Minas Gerais in the South American country of Brazil . Dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua , it is the episcopal seat of the Catholic diocese of Patos de Minas . The Parish of Santo Antonio was established in Patos de Minas on May 31 , 1850 , through Provincial Law 472 . In the place where today the Memorial of Patos de Minas , there was a chapel that was built in 1839 . The old chapel Was remodeled in 1875 , but the space was insufficient to accommodate the faithful . The idea of constructing a new parochial church appeared in 1892 and a committee for this purpose was established in 1917 by Canon Getulio Alves de Melo . The first stone of the present temple , however , was only put on June 13 , 1934 . The construction was completed and the church opened to the public on June 13 , 1954 . Since the creation of the Catholic diocese of Patos de Minas , on April 5 , 1955 , the parish became a cathedral , which was solemnly consecrated on October 28 , 1961 by the then archbishop of Brasilia , the priest José Newton de Almeida . The old chapel was demolished only in 1965 . ", "Padovo pri Osilnici -LRB- -LSB- ˈpaːdɔʋɔ pɾi ɔˈsiːu̯nitsi -RSB- ; in older sources also Padova , Padua -RRB- is a small settlement in the hills above the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Osilnica in southern Slovenia . The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region . ", "The Italian general election of 1953 took place on 7 June 1953 . Christian Democracy -LRB- DC -RRB- lost some ground , but still gained a convincing 53.4 % of the vote -LRB- 62.2 % in Vicenza , 59.9 % in Treviso and 59.6 % in Padua -RRB- . The Italian Socialist Party -LRB- PSI -RRB- and the Italian Communist Party -LRB- PCI -RRB- ran separate lists , gaining 14.6 and 14.2 % of the vote . Veneto was thus one of the few regions of Italy where the Socialists were stronger than the PCI , even without counting the PSDI -LRB- 5.6 % -RRB- . The PSI got its best results in the provinces of Venice -LRB- 21.6 % -RRB- , Rovigo -LRB- 19.8 % -RRB- and Verona -LRB- 18.2 % -RRB- , but not in the traditional Socialist stronghold of Belluno , where it was passed by the PSDI -LRB- 12.3 against 11.0 % -RRB- . The PCI was stronger in Rovigo -LRB- 28.2 % -RRB- and Venice -LRB- 19.7 % -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "My_Little_Princess", "Follow_Me_My_Queen", "Prince_Vaali", "The_Secret_princess" ]

[ "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "My Little Princess is a 2011 French-Romanian drama film directed by Eva Ionesco and inspired by her relationship with her mother , the well-known artistic photographer Irina Ionesco whose pictures of her young daughter aroused discussions when they were published back in the 1970s . The film illustrates a situation which at first glance seems to be a paradox : whilst revealing more and more of her daughter to the public the mother seems to get increasingly estranged from her and vice versa . ", "Follow Me My Queen is a 2015 Chinese romantic comedy film directed by Liu Xin . It was released on May 1 , 2015 in China . ", "Prince Vaali is an upcoming Hollywood superhero action film written by and directed by Vishnu Tanay . Prince Vaali is planned to be released in both conventional and IMAX theatres , date has to be announced . ", "The Secret Princess is a 2016 feature animated family film written and directed by Segun Williams . The film was released on February 14 , 2016 and stars Cuppy Otedola , Desmond Elliot , Robert H. Wainwright , and Sherrie Silver . The film is arguably Sub-Saharan Africa 's first feature length computer generated animated family film outside of South Africa . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Stanley_Park", "Spruce_Woods_Provincial_Park", "Brent_Park_-LRB-Hendon-RRB-", "Liverpool_Stanley", "Landsford_Canal_State_Park" ]

[ "Stanley Park is a 1001 acre public park that borders the downtown of Vancouver in British Columbia , Canada and is almost entirely surrounded by waters of Vancouver Harbour and English Bay . The park has a long history and was one of the first areas to be explored in the city . The land was originally used by indigenous peoples for thousands of years before British Columbia was colonized by the British during the 1858 Fraser Canyon Gold Rush . For many years after colonization , the future park with its abundant resources would also be home to nonaboriginal settlers . The land was later turned into Vancouver 's first park when the city incorporated in 1886 . It was named after Lord Stanley , 16th Earl of Derby , a British politician who had recently been appointed governor general . Unlike other large urban parks , Stanley Park is not the creation of a landscape architect , but rather the evolution of a forest and urban space over many years . Most of the manmade structures present in the park were built between 1911 and 1937 under the influence of then superintendent W.S. Rawlings . Additional attractions , such as a polar bear exhibit , aquarium , and miniature train , were added in the post-war period . Much of the park remains as densely forested as it was in the late 1800s , with about a half million trees , some of which stand as tall as 76 m and are up to hundreds of years old . Thousands of trees were lost -LRB- and many replanted -RRB- after three major windstorms that took place in the past 100 years , the last in 2006 . Significant effort was put into constructing the near-century-old Vancouver Seawall , which can draw thousands of residents and visitors to the park every day . The park also features forest trails , beaches , lakes , children 's play areas , and the Vancouver Aquarium , among many other attractions . On June 18 , 2014 , Stanley Park was named `` top park in the entire world '' by TripAdvisor . ", "Spruce Woods Provincial Park is located in south-central Manitoba , Canada . This park has large sand dunes and the Assiniboine River passes through it . In descending order of land area , it is located within the Rural Municipalities of South Cypress , Victoria , and North Cypress . ", "Brent Park is a small public park of 2.24 hectares in Hendon in the London Borough of Barnet . It is part of the ` Lower Dollis Brook ' Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation , Grade II . The park is a narrow wooded strip of land west of the North Circular Road between Brent Street and Bell Lane . It is almost wholly managed for nature conservation apart from a small area of mown grass at the northern end . The River Brent runs along the western edge , and there are three ponds next to the river . These are the remains of a lake built possibly as long as a thousand years ago by the abbots of Westminster as a duck decoy . Tufted ducks , mallards , coots and moorhens still nest on a wooded island on one of the ponds . An Ordnance Survey map of 1875 shows the park as part of Decoy Wood , the grounds of Brent Bridge House , which stood at the southern end , while it was surrounded by Decoy Farm . The park was opened in 1934 , and the house was demolished the following year . The Capital Ring goes through Brent Park . There is access from North Circular Road , Brent Street and Bell Lane . ", "Liverpool Stanley was a semi-professional rugby league club from Liverpool , England . It was renamed Liverpool City in 1951 , but was otherwise unrelated to the original Liverpool club of the same name . The club 's origins date back to 1880 when it was founded as Wigan Highfield . Although the club was best known for its years in Liverpool , the club relocated numerous times , and were known as London Highfield , Huyton , Runcorn Highfield , Highfield , and eventually Prescot Panthers throughout their existence before being eventually wound up in 1996 . ", "Landsford Canal State Park is a South Carolina state park located in Chester County , two miles -LRB- 3.2 km -RRB- from US 21 . The 448 acre park contains the ruins of the Landsford Canal built to bypass rapids on the Catawba River using slave labor between 1820 and 1825 . The coming of the railroad caused the canal to be abandoned . The former lock-keeper 's house contains an interpretive museum . In addition to the canal , visitors also can see one of the largest remaining stands of Hymenocallis coronaria , the Shoals spider-lily , that grows in the shoals of the river , and bloom mid-May through mid-June . The park offers hiking , picnicking , boating , and fishing . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cordilleran_Ice_Sheet", "Ice_sheet", "Tyndall_Glacier_-LRB-Colorado-RRB-", "Acosta_Glacier", "Columbia_-LRB-supercontinent-RRB-" ]

[ "The Cordilleran ice sheet was a major ice sheet that periodically covered large parts of North America during glacial periods over the last ~ 2.6 million years . This included the following areas : Western Montana The Idaho Panhandle Northern Washington state down to about Olympia and Spokane All of British Columbia The southwestern third or so of Yukon Territory All of the Alaska Panhandle South Central Alaska The Alaska Peninsula Almost all of the continental shelf north of the Strait of Juan de Fuca The ice sheet covered up to 2.5 million square kilometres at the Last Glacial Maximum and probably more than that in some previous periods , when it may have extended into the northeast extremity of Oregon and the Salmon River Mountains in Idaho . It is probable , though , that its northern margin also migrated south due to the influence of starvation caused by very low levels of precipitation . At its eastern end the Cordilleran ice sheet merged with the Laurentide ice sheet at the Continental Divide , forming an area of ice that contained one and a half times as much water as the Antarctic ice sheet does today . At its western end it is believed nowadays that several small glacial refugia existed during the last glacial maximum below present sea level in the now-submerged Hecate Strait and on the Brooks Peninsula in northern Vancouver Island . However , evidence of ice-free refugia above present sea level north of the Olympic Peninsula has been refuted by genetic and geological studies since the middle 1990s . The ice sheet faded north of the Alaska Range because the climate was too dry to form glaciers . Unlike the Laurentide ice sheet , which is believed to have taken as much as eleven thousand years to fully melt , it is believed the Cordilleran ice sheet , except for areas that remain glaciated today , melted very quickly , probably in four thousand years or less . This rapid melting caused such floods as the overflow of Lake Missoula and shaped the topography of the extremely fertile Inland Empire of Eastern Washington . ", "An ice sheet is a mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50000 km2 , thus also known as continental glacier . The only current ice sheets are in Antarctica and Greenland ; during the last glacial period at Last Glacial Maximum -LRB- LGM -RRB- the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of North America , the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South America . Ice sheets are bigger than ice shelves or alpine glaciers . Masses of ice covering less than 50,000 km2 are termed an ice cap . An ice cap will typically feed a series of glaciers around its periphery . Although the surface is cold , the base of an ice sheet is generally warmer due to geothermal heat . In places , melting occurs and the melt-water lubricates the ice sheet so that it flows more rapidly . This process produces fast-flowing channels in the ice sheet -- these are ice streams . The present-day polar ice sheets are relatively young in geological terms . The Antarctic Ice Sheet first formed as a small ice cap -LRB- maybe several -RRB- in the early Oligocene , but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene , when it came to occupy almost all of Antarctica . The Greenland ice sheet did not develop at all until the late Pliocene , but apparently developed very rapidly with the first continental glaciation . This had the unusual effect of allowing fossils of plants that once grew on present-day Greenland to be much better preserved than with the slowly forming Antarctic ice sheet . ", "Tyndall Glacier is a small cirque glacier in Rocky Mountain National Park in the U.S. state of Colorado . Tyndall Glacier is on the east side of the Continental Divide and in a cirque to the north of Hallett Peak . Tyndall Glacier is both an ice and a rock glacier , with the lower portions of the glacier being composed primarily of rock debris and a small portion of ice . Tyndall Glacier is named after John Tyndall , an Irish scientist and Alpine mountaineer who in 1861 first ascended the Weisshorn and made an early attempt on the Matterhorn prior to its first ascent . In 1861 Tyndall identified carbon dioxide as a heat-trapping greenhouse gas ; the glacier that bears his name appears to be retreating . ", "Acosta Glacier is a glacier about 2 mi long flowing north from Thurston Island just east of Dyer Point in Antarctica . It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names -LRB- US-ACAN -RRB- after Alex V. Acosta of the United States Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- in Flagstaff , Arizona . He is a computer and graphic specialist , and was part of the USGS team that compiled the 1:5,000,000 - scale Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite image maps of Antarctica and the 1:250,000 - scale Landsat image maps of the Siple Coast area in the 1990s . Category : Glaciers of Ellsworth Land ", "Columbia , also known as Nuna and Hudsonland , was one of Earth 's ancient supercontinents . It was first proposed by and is thought to have existed approximately in the Paleoproterozoic Era . proposed that the assembly of the supercontinent Columbia was completed by global-scale collisional events during 2.1 -- 1.8 Ga. . Columbia consisted of proto-cratons that made up the cores of the continents of Laurentia , Baltica , Ukrainian Shield , Amazonian Shield , Australia , and possibly Siberia , North China , and Kalaharia as well . The evidence of Columbia 's existence is based upon geological and paleomagnetic data . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ethernet_extender", "Ericofon", "GG45", "Sound-powered_telephone", "IPhone" ]

[ "An Ethernet extender -LRB- also network extender or LAN extender -RRB- is any device used to extend an Ethernet or network segment beyond its inherent distance limitation which is approximately 100 m for most common forms of twisted pair Ethernet . These devices employ a variety of transmission technologies and physical media -LRB- wireless , copper wire , fiber-optic cable , coaxial cable -RRB- . The extender forwards traffic between LANs transparent to higher network-layer protocols over distances that far exceed the limitations of standard Ethernet . ", "The Ericofon is a one-piece plastic telephone created by the Ericsson Company of Sweden and marketed through the second half of the 20th century . It was the first commercially marketed telephone to incorporate the dial and handset into a single unit . Because of its styling and its influence on future telephone design , the Ericofon is considered one of the most significant industrial designs of the 20th century . It is in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City . In Sweden , the Ericofon is known as the cobra telephone for its resemblance to a coiled snake . ", "The GG45 -LRB- where GG stands for GigaGate , and 45 is to remind the backward compatibility with the 8P8C modular connector - often colloquially called RJ45 -RRB- is a connector for high-speed Category 7 cable -LRB- generally known as Cat 7 -RRB- LAN cabling developed by Nexans . The cabling system was standardized in 2001 as IEC 60603-7-7 , and then selected as a worldwide Category 7 cabling standard within ISO-11801 . GG45 connectors provide backwards compatibility for standard 8P8C -LRB- 8P8C -RRB- connectors in a Category 6 cable interface -LRB- mode 1 -RRB- , where eight conductors are used for Cat 6 -LRB- 100/250 MHz -RRB- operation . In addition , GG45 has four additional conductors in the extreme corners that interface with new high-speed Cat . 7 600MHz and Cat 7a 1000MHz networks . The 4 additional conductors are connected to 2 pairs while the other 2 twisted pairs remain connected to the original 8P8C connector 's most distant pins : 1 and 2 ; and 7 and 8 . A Category 6 or 6A plug uses the original contact positions , but a Category 7 or 7A plug instead uses the contacts located in the four corners and has a protrusion that activates a switch within the jack for the alternative contact positions . This reduces crosstalk within the connector that higher speed data is sensitive to . The key advantage of the GG45 interface therefore has plenty of headroom combined with the ability to migrate to higher speed service by upgrading to Category 7A patch cords that activate the switch in the jack . ", "A sound-powered telephone is a communication device that allows users to talk to each other with the use of a handset , similar to a conventional telephone , but without the use of external power . This technology has been used since at least 1944 for both routine and emergency communication on ships to allow communication between key locations on a vessel even if power , including batteries , is no longer available . A sound-powered phone circuit can have two or more stations on the same circuit . The circuit is always live , thus a user simply begins speaking rather than dialing another station . Sound-powered telephones are not normally connected to a telephone exchange . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "List_of_sportspeople_with_dual_nationality", "Google_Search", "Select_Sport", "List_of_doping_cases_in_sport_-LRB-V-RRB-", "Athletics_at_the_1990_South_American_Games" ]

[ "The following is a list of athletes with dual nationality . It includes both players who can trace their origins to a foreign country and those who have attained foreign nationality during their career , as well as players who hail from semi-autonomous regions within countries . ", "Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . ", "Select Sport A.S. is a Danish sports equipment manufacturer based in Glostrup , Denmark . As of 2008 , Select provides the Danish Football Association with footballs , and also several clubs in the Danish , Belgian and Russian top football leagues use Select balls . Select balls are used in the Olympic handball games , as well as in the World Championship and in the Danish , Swedish and Spanish men 's handball leagues , among others . The company 's U.S. subsidiary , Select Sport America , has contracts to supply soccer balls for the NAIA , several NCAA Division II and Division III conferences , and state high school federations in Kentucky and Wisconsin . ", "This is a sub-list from List of doping cases in sport representing a full list of surnames starting with V. ", "Athletics events at the 1990 South American Games were held at the Estadio Atlético de San Luis next to the Estadio Nacional in Lima , Perú , between December 6-9 , 1990 . A total of 42 events were contested , 23 by men and 19 by women . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Vandals", "Mastigas", "Visigoths", "Huneric", "Kosala" ]

[ "The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe , or group of tribes , who were first heard of in southern Poland , but later moved around Europe establishing kingdoms in Spain and later North Africa in the 5th century . The Vandals are believed to have migrated from southern Scandinavia to the area between the lower Oder and Vistula rivers during the 2nd century BC and to have settled in Silesia from around 120 BC . They are associated with the Przeworsk culture and were possibly the same people as the Lugii . Expanding into Dacia during the Marcomannic Wars and to Pannonia during the Crisis of the Third Century , the Vandals were confined to Pannonia by the Goths around 330 AD , where they received permission to settle by Constantine the Great . Around 400 , raids by the Huns forced many of the Germanic tribes like the Goths to migrate to the Roman Empire , and fearing that they might be targeted next , the Vandals were pushed westwards crossing the Rhine into Gaul along with other tribes in 406 . In 409 , the Vandals crossed the Pyrenees into the Iberian Peninsula , where their main groups , the Hasdingi and the Silingi , settled in Gallaecia -LRB- northwest -RRB- and Baetica -LRB- south central -RRB- respectively . After the Visigoths invaded Iberia , the Iranian Alans and Silingi Vandals voluntarily subjected to the rule of Hasdingian leader Gunderic , who was pushed from Gallaecia to Baetica by a Roman-Suebi coalition in 419 . In 429 , under king Genseric , the Vandals entered North Africa . By 439 they established a kingdom which included the Roman province of Africa as well as Sicily , Corsica , Sardinia , Malta and the Balearic Islands . They fended off several Roman attempts to recapture the African province , and sacked the city of Rome in 455 . Their kingdom collapsed in the Vandalic War of 533 -- 4 , in which Justinian I managed to reconquer the province for the Eastern Roman Empire . Renaissance and Early Modern writers characterized the Vandals as barbarians , `` sacking and looting '' Rome . This led to the use of the term `` vandalism '' to describe any senseless destruction , particularly the `` barbarian '' defacing of artwork . However , modern historians tend to regard the Vandals during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages as perpetuators , not destroyers , of Roman culture . ", "Mastigas or Mastinas -LRB- Μαστίγας or Μαστίνας , -RRB- was the ruler of the Berbers in Mauretania Caesariensis in the 530s . According to the Byzantine historian Procopius -LRB- De Bello Vandalico , Book II -RRB- , who is the only source on him , Mastigas was an independent ruler who controlled the entire former Roman province except for the capital , Caesarea , which was taken by the Byzantines under Belisarius during the Vandalic War in 533 . ", "The Visigoths -LRB- UK : -LSB- ˈvɪzɪˌɡɒθs -RSB- US : -LSB- ˈvɪzɪˌɡɑːθs -RSB- Visigothi , Wisigothi , Vesi , Visi , Wesi , or Wisi Visigoti -RRB- were the western branches of the nomadic tribes of Germanic peoples referred to collectively as the Goths . These tribes flourished and spread throughout the late Roman Empire in Late Antiquity , or what is known as the Migration Period . The Visigoths emerged from earlier Gothic groups -LRB- possibly the Thervingi -RRB- who had invaded the Roman Empire beginning in 376 and had defeated the Romans at the Battle of Adrianople in 378 . Relations between the Romans and the Visigoths were variable , alternately warring with one another and making treaties when convenient . The Visigoths invaded Italy under Alaric I and sacked Rome in 410 . After the Visigoths sacked Rome , they began settling down , first in southern Gaul and eventually in Spain and Portugal , where they founded the Visigothic Kingdom and maintained a presence from the 5th to the 8th centuries AD . The Visigoths first settled in southern Gaul as foederati of the Romans -- a relationship established in 418 . However , they soon fell out with their Roman hosts -LRB- for reasons that are now obscure -RRB- and established their own kingdom with its capital at Toulouse . They next extended their authority into Hispania at the expense of the Suebi and Vandals . In 507 , however , their rule in Gaul was ended by the Franks under Clovis I , who defeated them in the Battle of Vouillé . After that , the Visigoth kingdom was limited to Hispania , and they never again held territory north of the Pyrenees other than Septimania . A small , elite group of Visigoths came to dominate the governance of that region at the expense of those who had previously ruled there , particularly in the Byzantine province of Spania and the Kingdom of the Suebi . In or around 589 , the Visigoths under Reccared I converted from Arianism to Nicene Christianity , gradually adopting the culture of their Hispano-Roman subjects . Their legal code , the Visigothic Code -LRB- completed in 654 -RRB- abolished the longstanding practice of applying different laws for Romans and Visigoths . Once legal distinctions were no longer being made between Romani and Gothi , they became known collectively as Hispani . In the century that followed , the region was dominated by the Councils of Toledo and the episcopacy . -LRB- Little else is known about the Visigoths ' history during the 7th century , since records are relatively sparse . -RRB- In 711 or 712 , a force of invading African Moors defeated the Visigoths in the Battle of Guadalete . Their king and many members of their governing elite were killed , and their kingdom rapidly collapsed . Gothic identity survived , however , especially in Marca Hispanica and the Kingdom of Asturias , which had been founded by the Visigothic nobleman Pelagius of Asturias after his victory over the Moors at the Battle of Covadonga . During their governance of the Kingdom of Hispania , the Visigoths built several churches that survive . They also left many artifacts , which have been discovered in increasing numbers by archaeologists in recent times . The Treasure of Guarrazar of votive crowns and crosses is the most spectacular . They founded the only new cities in western Europe from the fall of the Western half of the Roman Empire until the rise of the Carolingian dynasty . Many Visigothic names are still in use in modern Spanish and Portuguese . Their most notable legacy , however , was the Visigothic Code , which served , among other things , as the basis for court procedure in most of Christian Iberia until the Late Middle Ages , centuries after the demise of the kingdom . ", "Huneric or Hunneric or Honeric -LRB- died December 23 , 484 -RRB- was King of the -LRB- North African -RRB- Vandal kingdom -LRB- 477 -- 484 -RRB- and the oldest son of Genseric . He dropped the imperial politics of his father and concentrated mainly on internal affairs . He was married to Eudocia , daughter of western Roman Emperor Valentinian III -LRB- 419 -- 455 -RRB- and Licinia Eudoxia . She left him , probably in 472 . She had one son by him , Hilderic . Huneric was the first Vandal king who used the title King of the Vandals and Alans . Despite adopting this style , and that the Vandals maintained their sea-power and their hold on the islands of the western Mediterranean , Huneric did not have the prestige that his father Genseric had enjoyed with other states . ", "Kingdom of Kosala was an ancient Indian kingdom , corresponding roughly in area with the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh . It emerged as a small state during the late Vedic period , with connections to the neighboring realm of Videha . According to the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya and the Jaina text , the Bhagavati Sutra , Kosala was one of the Solasa -LRB- sixteen -RRB- Mahajanapadas -LRB- powerful realms -RRB- in 6th to 5th centuries BCE and its cultural and political strength earned it the status of a great power . However , it was later weakened by a series of wars with the neighbouring kingdom of Magadha and , in the 4th century BCE , was finally absorbed by it . The Kosala region had three major cities , Ayodhya , Saket and Shravasti , and a number of minor towns as Setavya , Ukattha , Dandakappa , Nalakapana and Pankadha . According to the Puranas and the Ramayana epic , Ayodhya was the capital of Kosala during the reign of Ikshvaku and his descendants . Shravasti is recorded as the capital of Kosala during the Mahajanapada period -LRB- 6th -- 5th centuries BCE -RRB- , but post-Maurya -LRB- 2nd -- 1st centuries BCE -RRB- kings issued their coins from Ayodhya -LRB- see below -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Manchester_by_the_Sea_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Hollingworth_Lake", "Eastlands", "Alyth/Bonnybrook/Manchester,_Calgary", "Warrington_Dock" ]

[ "Manchester by the Sea is a 2016 American drama film written and directed by Kenneth Lonergan , and starring Casey Affleck , Michelle Williams , Kyle Chandler , and Lucas Hedges . The plot follows a man who looks after his teenage nephew after his brother dies . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23 , 2016 and was soon picked up by Amazon Studios for distribution . It began a limited release on November 18 , 2016 , before going wide on December 16 , 2016 and grossed $ 74 million worldwide on an $ 8.5 million budget . Manchester by the Sea received critical acclaim upon its release and was counted among the best films of 2016 . Critics praised in particular Affleck 's performance , as well as Lonergan 's direction and screenplay . At the 89th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor -LRB- Affleck -RRB- , Best Supporting Actor -LRB- Hedges -RRB- , Best Supporting Actress -LRB- Williams -RRB- , and Best Original Screenplay -- winning for Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor . It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor and was nominated in four more categories . ", "Hollingworth Lake is a 130 acre reservoir at Smithy Bridge , in Littleborough -- part of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale , in Greater Manchester , England . The lake was originally built as the main water source for the Rochdale Canal , but developed as a tourist resort from the 1860s , and became known as the Weighver 's Seaport . Hotels were built around it , at least two of which had outdoor dancing stages with gas lighting . Tourism was helped by the arrival of the railway in 1839 , which brought day-trippers and weekend visitors from Manchester , Bradford and Leeds . The popularity of the lake as a resort declined in the early twentieth century , and the area was used as an army camp during the First World War . The canal company sold the reservoir , with seven others , to the Oldham and Rochdale Corporations for water supply in 1923 , by which time the canal was in terminal decline . After the Second World War , boating rights were bought by Rochdale Council , who developed the area into the Hollingworth Lake Country Park in 1974 . There has been a steady increase in facilities since , and it is now a thriving centre for water sports and other activities . The lake was used for training by Captain Matthew Webb , before he became the first man to swim the English Channel in 1875 , and was used for the `` World Professional Mile Championship '' , a long-distance swimming event , in the 1880s . It is home to the Hollingworth Lake Rowing Club , which has been in continuous existence since 1872 . ", "Eastlands may refer to : Eastlands , Manchester , an area of east Manchester , England The City of Manchester Stadium , often shortened to Eastlands , Manchester Eastlands area , Nairobi lying to the south-east of Nairobi province Eastlands , Tasmania , a shopping center in Hobart ", "Alyth/Bonnybrook/Manchester is a predominantly industrial and subordinately residential neighbourhood in the south-east quadrant of Calgary , Alberta . Alyth is located south of Inglewood , while Manchester lies east of Macleod Trail and south of 34 Avenue S -LRB- this section also named Burnsland -RRB- . The Alyth Yard of the Canadian Pacific Railway is located in Alyth . They are represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 9 councillor . Manchester has an area redevelopment plan in place , and the population is served by the Windsor Park Community Association . The postal code in this area is T2G . ", "Warrington Dock was situated on the River Mersey at Warrington . Warrington was once the furthest point navigable upstream on the River Mersey . A dock evolved to allow unloading of goods for road transport to the east . RMS Tayleur was built at Warrington in 1853 , launched 4 October 1853 and sank on its maiden voyage to Australia . A small Warrington Dock was also provided on the Manchester Ship Canal with a lock through to the River Mersey , but the dock and lock eventually became derelict . Plans for the area include some redevelopment for housing , and the creation of a linear park called `` Watersmeet '' , which follows the course of the cut through to the Mersey . The plan includes conservation of the structure of Walton Lock and the construction of a boom across the entrance to the dock , to prevent debris from the ship canal entering it . The basin will then be known as Waters Meet Basin , and will be developed as a wildlife haven . Navigation rights have not been expunged . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Castlevania_-LRB-1986_video_game-RRB-", "Castlevania", "Kaze_no_Klonoa-COLON-_Moonlight_Museum", "Inuyasha", "Destroy_All_Monsters" ]

[ "Castlevania , known in Japan as , is an action-platformer video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System video game console in Japan in September 1986 . It was ported to cartridge format and released in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System -LRB- NES -RRB- in May 1987 followed by a European release in 1988 . The game takes place in the year 1691 where players control Simon Belmont who is tasked with defeating the vampire Dracula . It was re-released for the Family Computer -LRB- FC -RRB- in cartridge format in 1993 . It is the first game in Konami 's Castlevania video game series ; it was followed by two more NES games titled Castlevania II : Simon 's Quest -LRB- released for the NES in 1988 -RRB- and Castlevania III : Dracula 's Curse -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . A fourth game , retelling the events of the original , was released for the Super NES and titled Super Castlevania IV . Castlevania was positively received and financially successful . It is considered an NES classic by PC World , while Nintendo Power and Game Informer ranked it in their best video games list -LRB- at 22 and 48 respectively -RRB- . IGN ranked it 19 among their favourite NES games . ", "Castlevania , also known in Japanese as , is a series of dark fantasy-themed action-adventure video games created and developed by Konami , centered on the Belmont family , a clan of vampire hunters , and their fight with Dracula . The series debuted in Japan on September 26 , 1986 , with the release for the Family Computer Disk System -LRB- FDS -RRB- , followed by an alternate version for the MSX2 platform on October 30 . Although the MSX 2 port -LRB- localized in Europe and Brazil as Vampire Killer -RRB- was released first outside Japan , the series did not receive wide attention outside Japan until the FCD version was ported to cartridge format for the Nintendo Entertainment System and localized for North American and European releases of Castlevania in 1987 and 1988 , respectively . The earliest games were side scrolling platform games . Castlevania : Symphony of the Night marked a change in the series which focused more on exploration than straight forward platforming . Along with Super Metroid , it popularized the metroidvania genre . The first two 3D titles in the series were on the N64 in 1999 . The Metroidvania style game was continued in six titles for the Gameboy Advance and Nintendo DS from 2001 to 2008 . 2003 and 2005 saw the release of Lament of Innocence and Curse of Darkness , two 3D action games for the Playstation 2 . In 2010 saw the release of Castlevania : Lords of Shadow , a reboot of the series featuring 3D action and developed not in Japan , but by Spanish devs . The sequel in 2014 remains the last official Castlevania title . The Castlevania titles have been released on various platforms , from early systems including the Nintendo Entertainment System to modern consoles . It has also been released for Pocket PCs , emulators and mobile phones . ", "is a video game developed and published by Namco and released in Japan for the Bandai WonderSwan in 1999 . As Klonoa 's first handheld adventure , it was the first game in the series to place him in a fully two-dimensional world , and established the system that his Game Boy Advance titles later used . ", ", also known as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Rumiko Takahashi . It premiered in Weekly Shōnen Sunday on November 13 , 1996 and concluded on June 18 , 2008 , with the chapters collected into 56 tankōbon volumes by Shogakukan . The series follows Kagome Higurashi , a 15-year-old girl from Tokyo who is transported to the Sengoku period after falling into a well in her family shrine , where she meets the half-demon dog Inuyasha . When a monster from that era tries to take the magical Shikon Jewel embodied in Kagome , she accidentally shatters the Jewel into many pieces that are dispersed across Japan . Inuyasha and Kagome start traveling to recover it before the powerful demon Naraku finds all the shards . Inuyasha and Kagome gain several allies during their journey , including Shippo , Miroku , Sango and Kirara . In contrast to the typically comedic nature of much of Takahashi 's previous work , Inuyasha deals with darker subject matter , using the setting of the Sengoku period to easily display the violent content . It was adapted into two anime television series produced by Sunrise . The first was broadcast for 167 episodes on Yomiuri TV and Nippon TV in Japan from October 16 , 2000 until September 13 , 2004 . The second series , called Inuyasha : The Final Act , began airing five years later on October 3 , 2009 to cover the rest of the manga series and ended on March 29 , 2010 after 26 episodes . Four feature films and an original video animation have also been released . Other merchandise include video games and a light novel . Viz Media licensed the manga , the two anime series , and movies for North America . Both Inuyasha and Inuyasha : The Final Act aired in the United States on Adult Swim -LRB- and later on its revived Toonami block -RRB- from 2002 until 2015 . ", "is a 1968 Japanese science fiction film directed by Ishirō Honda . The film is ninth entry in the original Godzilla series and stars Akira Kubo , Jun Tazaki , Yukiko Kobayashi and Yoshio Tsuchiya . The film story features aliens known as Kilaaks , who have released the giant monsters from Monsterland and have planted mind-control devices on the monsters to control them . The monsters are eventually freed from the mind control , which leads the aliens to release King Ghidorah from space to challenge them . The film was written by Honda and Takeshi Kimura who introduced the concept of Monster Island into the Godzilla film series . The film featured some complete new costumes for monsters such as Godzilla and some that were altered since their appearance in previous films . The film was not as successful in the box office in Japan as previous Godzilla films with critics from Variety and Monthly Film Bulletin praising the final monster fight , but finding the rest of the film making -LRB- direction , sets , acting -RRB- to be of low quality . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mikhail_Prokhorov", "Stav_Prodromou", "Sergey_Anatolyevich_Petrov", "Valery_Chaptynov", "Sergei_Duvanov" ]

[ "Mikhail Dmitrievitch Prokhorov -LRB- -LSB- Михаи́л Дми́триевич Про́хоров , p = mʲɪxɐˈil ˈdmʲitrʲɪjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈproxərəf -RSB- born 3 May 1965 -RRB- is a Russian billionaire , politician , and owner of the American basketball team the Brooklyn Nets . After graduating from the Moscow Finance Institute , he worked in the financial sector and subsequently went on to become one of Russia 's leading industrialists , owning major stakes in multinational corporations in the precious metals sector . While he was running Norilsk Nickel , the company became the world 's largest producer of nickel and palladium . He is the former chairman of Polyus Gold , Russia 's largest gold producer , and the former President of Onexim Group . He resigned both positions to enter politics in June 2011 . In December 2011 , Prokhorov capped a year of higher-profile political activity in Russia with the December declaration that he would run as an independent candidate in the 2012 Russian presidential election . He was third in the voting , amassing 7.94 % of the total vote . In June 2012 he declared the establishment of the new Russian political party called the `` Party of Civic Platform '' . As of 2017 , Forbes estimates his wealth at $ 8.9 billion . ", "Stavro Evangelo `` Stav '' Prodromou -LRB- born May 30 , 1944 -RRB- is a Greek American businessman , and the founder and former chief executive officer of Poqet Computer Corporation . Prodromou has served as CEO of Alien Technology , Peregrine Semiconductor , and Integrated Circuit Systems and Executive Vice President of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation . ", "Sergey Anatolyevich Petrov -LRB- Серге́й Анато́льевич Петро́в born 1954 , Orenburg -RRB- is a Deputy of the State Duma , member of Spravedlivaya Rossiya political party , member of the Budget and Taxes State Duma Committee . Founder and beneficiary of the ROLF Group -LRB- the first diversified automotive business in the Russian market -RRB- , President of the ROLF Group of Companies until 2004 . ", "Valery I. Chaptynov -LRB- 1945 -- 1997 -RRB- was a Russian politician . He was the first Head of the Altai Republic , the first Member of the Federation Council from the Altai Republic , and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet and First Secretary of the Gorno-Altai Communist Party for the duration of the short-lived Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . ", "Sergei Duvanov -LRB- born 1953 -RRB- is a prominent Kazakhstani journalist who , in 2002 , wrote articles that claimed President Nursultan Nazarbayev and several other Kazakh politicians had illicit Swiss bank accounts containing millions of U.S. ' dollars . The scandal was labeled `` Kazakhgate '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Red_Bull_Racing", "2015_Red_Bull_Ring_GP2_and_GP3_Series_rounds", "2015_Red_Bull_Air_Race_of_Spielberg", "Raging_Bull_-LRB-roller_coaster-RRB-", "2014_British_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" ]

[ "Red Bull Racing is a Formula One racing team , racing under an Austrian licence , based in the United Kingdom . It is one of two Formula One teams owned by beverage company Red Bull GmbH , the other being Scuderia Toro Rosso . The team won four successive Constructors ' Championship titles , in , , , and , becoming the first Austrian licensed team to win the title . The team also produced the quadruple world champion driver of 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 , Sebastian Vettel . Managed by Christian Horner , the team has used Renault engines since 2007 . Red Bull Racing then used TAG Heuer-branded Renault engines starting from the season . ", "The 2015 Red Bull Ring GP2 and GP3 Series rounds was a pair of motor races held on 20 and 21 June 2015 at the Red Bull Ring in Austria as part of the GP2 Series and GP3 Series . It is the first round of the 2015 GP2 season and 2015 GP3 season . The race weekend supported the 2015 Austrian Grand Prix . ", "The 2015 Red Bull Air Race of Spielberg was the sixth round of the 2015 Red Bull Air Race World Championship season , the tenth season of the Red Bull Air Race World Championship . The event was held at the Red Bull Ring , in Spielberg , Austria . After nine previous podium finishes , Australian pilot Matt Hall took his first Air Race victory by 0.057 seconds ahead of championship leader Paul Bonhomme , while American Kirby Chambliss took his first podium since June 2010 in third place . In the Challenger class , French pilot Mikaël Brageot took his first victory of the season , finishing 0.126 seconds clear of Petr Kopfstein . ", "Raging Bull is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee , Illinois . Built by Bolliger & Mabillard and designed by Werner Stengel , the Hyper Coaster model opened on May 1 , 1999 . It features a 208 ft first drop , a top speed of 73 mph , and over 5000 ft of track . It was announced on June 15 , 2016 that Raging Bull will receive Virtual Reality later in the year . ", "The 2014 British motorcycle Grand Prix was the twelfth round of the 2014 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season . It was held at the Silverstone Circuit in Silverstone on 31 August 2014 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "PBS", "Netflix", "Steven_Meese", "Kommunenes_Filmcentral", "Rocky_Mountain_Pictures" ]

[ "The Public Broadcasting Service -LRB- PBS -RRB- is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor . Headquartered in Arlington , Virginia , PBS is an independently operated non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of television programming to public television stations in the United States , distributing series such as Keeping Up Appearances , BBC World News , NOVA scienceNOW , NOVA , Barney and Friends , Arthur , Sesame Street , PBS NewsHour , Walking with Dinosaurs , Masterpiece , Nature , American Masters , Frontline , and Antiques Roadshow . PBS is funded by member station dues , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , government agencies , corporations , foundations and individual citizens . All proposed funding is subjected to a set of standards to ensure the program is free of influence from the funding source . Since the mid-2000s , Roper polls commissioned by PBS have consistently placed the service as the most-trusted national institution in the United States . However , PBS is not responsible for all programming carried on public television stations , a large proportion of which -LRB- including most specials aired during pledge drives -RRB- come from affiliates , including such member stations as WGBH , WETA-TV , WNET , WTTW National Productions -RRB- , American Public Television and independent producers . This arbitrary distinction is a frequent source of viewer confusion . The service has more than 350 member television stations , many owned by educational institutions or non-profit groups affiliated with a local public school district , collegiate educational institution or by state government-owned or - related entities . It also operates National Datacast -LRB- NDI -RRB- , a subsidiary which offers datacasting services via member stations , and provides additional revenue for PBS and its member stations . ", "Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29 , 1997 , in Scotts Valley , California . It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail . In 2013 , Netflix expanded into film and television production , as well as online distribution . As of 2017 , the company has its headquarters in Los Gatos , California . Netflix 's initial business model included DVD sales and rental , although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix 's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business . In 2007 , Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media , while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service . The company expanded internationally , with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there ; by January 2016 , Netflix services operated in over 190 countries . Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013 , debuting its first series , House of Cards . It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then , offering `` Netflix Original '' content through its online library of films and television . Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016 , more than any other network or cable channel . In April 2017 , Netflix reported having over 98 million subscribers worldwide , including more than 50 million in the United States . ", "Steven Meese -LRB- b. December 5 , 1971 , in Ioannina , Greece -RRB- is a Greek-American chef and TV personality best known as the creator , host and producer of the PBS series , `` A Chef 's Journey . '' ", "Kommunenes Filmcentral was a film distributor in Norway . It was established in 1919 when Kommunale Kinematografers Landsforbund , an association of municipal-owned cinemas , bought the private-owned Nerliens Filmbureau . It distributed films by Universum Film AG and United Artists , later the Walt Disney Company and Fox Film Corporation , and was among the leading bureaus in Norway . It was discontinued in 2002 . ", "Rocky Mountain Pictures is an American film distributor . It was created by Ron Rodgers and Randy Slaughter . It is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah . It specializes in distributing conservative films . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "PBS", "Netflix", "Steven_Meese", "Kommunenes_Filmcentral", "Rocky_Mountain_Pictures" ]

[ "The Public Broadcasting Service -LRB- PBS -RRB- is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor . Headquartered in Arlington , Virginia , PBS is an independently operated non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of television programming to public television stations in the United States , distributing series such as Keeping Up Appearances , BBC World News , NOVA scienceNOW , NOVA , Barney and Friends , Arthur , Sesame Street , PBS NewsHour , Walking with Dinosaurs , Masterpiece , Nature , American Masters , Frontline , and Antiques Roadshow . PBS is funded by member station dues , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , government agencies , corporations , foundations and individual citizens . All proposed funding is subjected to a set of standards to ensure the program is free of influence from the funding source . Since the mid-2000s , Roper polls commissioned by PBS have consistently placed the service as the most-trusted national institution in the United States . However , PBS is not responsible for all programming carried on public television stations , a large proportion of which -LRB- including most specials aired during pledge drives -RRB- come from affiliates , including such member stations as WGBH , WETA-TV , WNET , WTTW National Productions -RRB- , American Public Television and independent producers . This arbitrary distinction is a frequent source of viewer confusion . The service has more than 350 member television stations , many owned by educational institutions or non-profit groups affiliated with a local public school district , collegiate educational institution or by state government-owned or - related entities . It also operates National Datacast -LRB- NDI -RRB- , a subsidiary which offers datacasting services via member stations , and provides additional revenue for PBS and its member stations . ", "Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29 , 1997 , in Scotts Valley , California . It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail . In 2013 , Netflix expanded into film and television production , as well as online distribution . As of 2017 , the company has its headquarters in Los Gatos , California . Netflix 's initial business model included DVD sales and rental , although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix 's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business . In 2007 , Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media , while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service . The company expanded internationally , with streaming made available to Canada in 2010 and continued growing its streaming service from there ; by January 2016 , Netflix services operated in over 190 countries . Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2013 , debuting its first series , House of Cards . It has greatly expanded the production of both film and television series since then , offering `` Netflix Original '' content through its online library of films and television . Netflix released an estimated 126 original series or films in 2016 , more than any other network or cable channel . In April 2017 , Netflix reported having over 98 million subscribers worldwide , including more than 50 million in the United States . ", "Steven Meese -LRB- b. December 5 , 1971 , in Ioannina , Greece -RRB- is a Greek-American chef and TV personality best known as the creator , host and producer of the PBS series , `` A Chef 's Journey . '' ", "Kommunenes Filmcentral was a film distributor in Norway . It was established in 1919 when Kommunale Kinematografers Landsforbund , an association of municipal-owned cinemas , bought the private-owned Nerliens Filmbureau . It distributed films by Universum Film AG and United Artists , later the Walt Disney Company and Fox Film Corporation , and was among the leading bureaus in Norway . It was discontinued in 2002 . ", "Rocky Mountain Pictures is an American film distributor . It was created by Ron Rodgers and Randy Slaughter . It is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah . It specializes in distributing conservative films . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Caleb_McLaughlin", "Strangers_-LRB-2007_Hindi_film-RRB-", "The_Three_Strangers", "Barton_Fink", "A._Whitney_Brown" ]

[ "Caleb McLaughlin -LRB- born October 13 , 2001 -RRB- is an American actor . He began his career on the Broadway stage as Young Simba in the musical The Lion King . Since 2016 , he has portrayed Lucas Sinclair in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger Things . Industry reports have confirmed that he will return in Season 2 . In 2017 , McLaughlin appeared in the BET miniseries The New Edition Story as Ricky Bell . ", "Strangers is 2007 Hindi film directed by Anand L. Rai and starring Jimmy Shergill , Kay Kay Menon , Nandana Sen , Sonali Kulkarni . It is an adaption of the 1951 Hitchcock film Strangers on a Train . ", "`` The Three Strangers '' is a short story by Thomas Hardy from 1883 . ", "Barton Fink is a 1991 American period film written , produced , directed and edited by the Coen brothers . Set in 1941 , it stars John Turturro in the title role as a young New York City playwright who is hired to write scripts for a film studio in Hollywood , and John Goodman as Charlie , the insurance salesman who lives next door at the run-down Hotel Earle . The Coens wrote the screenplay for Barton Fink in three weeks while experiencing difficulty during the writing of Miller 's Crossing . They began filming the former soon after Miller 's Crossing was finished . The film is influenced by works of several earlier directors , particularly Roman Polanski 's Repulsion -LRB- 1965 -RRB- and The Tenant -LRB- 1976 -RRB- . Barton Fink had its premiere at the Cannes Film Festival in May 1991 . In a rare sweep , it won the Palme d'Or , as well as awards for Best Director and Best Actor -LRB- Turturro -RRB- . Although the film was a box office bomb , only grossing $ 6 million against its $ 9 million budget , it received positive reviews and was nominated for three Academy Awards . Prominent themes of Barton Fink include the writing process ; slavery and conditions of labor in creative industries ; superficial distinctions between high culture and low culture ; and the relationship of intellectuals with `` the common man '' . The diverse elements of the film have led it to defy efforts at genre classification , with the work being variously referred to as a film noir , a horror film , a Künstlerroman , and a buddy film . It contains various literary allusions and religious overtones , as well as references to many real-life people and events -- most notably the writers Clifford Odets and William Faulkner , of whom the characters of Barton Fink and W. P. Mayhew are often seen as fictional representations . Several features of the film 's narrative , particularly an image of a woman at the beach which recurs throughout , have sparked much commentary , with the Coens acknowledging some intentional symbolic elements while denying an attempt to communicate any single message in the film . Despite disagreement around certain details of the work , Barton Fink continues to be positively received , with screenwriter Charlie Kaufman among its admirers . ", "Alan Whitney Brown -LRB- born July 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an American writer and comedian best known for work on Saturday Night Live in the 1980s . In addition to writing for the program , he appeared opposite Dennis Miller in a biting satirical Weekend Update commentary segment called `` The Big Picture . '' He won a 1988 Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in a Variety or Music Program , along with Al Franken , Tom Davis , Phil Hartman , Mike Myers , Lorne Michaels and Conan O'Brien . He was also one of the original correspondents on Comedy Central 's The Daily Show from 1996 to 1998 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Ekta_Kapoor", "Kareena_Kapoor", "Raja_Hindustani", "Karisma_Kapoor", "Geeta_-LRB-1940_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Ekta Kapoor -LRB- born 7 June 1975 -RRB- is an Indian TV and film producer . She is the Joint Managing Director and Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms , her production company . Kapoor is the daughter of actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor . Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor . She did her schooling at Bombay Scottish School , Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College . She has produced numerous soap opera , television series and movies . Some soap operas she had worked on include Hum Paanch , Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi , Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki , Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Pavitra Rishta , Bade Acche Lagte Hain , and Jodha Akbar . Kapoor has also produced the television series Naagin , Ye Hai Mohabbatein , Kumkum Bhagya , Kavach and Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki . She has also launched her fashion series with EK Label . She ventured into Bollywood movie production in 2001 beginning with Kyo Kii ... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta , Kucch To Hai and Krishna Cottage based on supernatural themes followed in 2003 and 2004 . Kyaa Kool Hai Hum starred her brother Tusshar Kapoor . She then went on to co-produce Shootout at Lokhandwala with Sanjay Gupta . Mission Istanbul and EMI -- Liya Hai Toh Chukana Padhega in collaboration with Sunil Shetty followed . In 2010 to 2014 she released a number of films including Love Sex aur Dhokha , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , and Shor in the City . ", "Kareena Kapoor -LRB- -LSB- kəˈriːnaː kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 21 September 1980 -RRB- , also known by her married name Kareena Kapoor Khan , is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi films . She is the daughter of actors Randhir Kapoor and Babita , and the younger sister of actress Karisma Kapoor . Noted for playing a variety of characters in a range of film genres -- from romantic comedies to crime dramas -- Kapoor is the recipient of several awards , including six Filmfare Awards , and is one of Bollywood 's most popular and highest-paid actresses . After making her acting debut in the 2000 war film Refugee , Kapoor established herself in Hindi cinema with roles in the historical drama Aśoka , and the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- both 2001 -RRB- . This initial success was followed by a series of commercial failures and repetitive roles , which garnered her negative reviews . The year 2004 marked a turning point for Kapoor when she played against type in the role of a sex worker in the drama Chameli . She subsequently earned wide critical recognition for her portrayal of a riot victim in the 2004 drama Dev and a character based on William Shakespeare 's heroine Desdemona in the 2006 crime film Omkara . She went on to receive Filmfare Awards for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for her performances in the 2007 romantic comedy Jab We Met and the 2010 drama We Are Family , respectively . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in two of India 's top-grossing productions -- the 2009 comedy-drama 3 Idiots and the 2015 social drama Bajrangi Bhaijaan -- and received praise for her roles in the 2009 thriller Kurbaan and the 2012 drama Heroine . Married to actor Saif Ali Khan , with whom she has a son , Kapoor 's off-screen life is the subject of widespread coverage in India . She has a reputation for being outspoken and assertive , and is recognised for her contributions to the film industry through her fashion style and film roles . In addition to film acting , Kapoor is a stage performer and has contributed as a co-author to three books : an autobiographical memoir and two nutrition guides . She has also launched her own clothing line in association with the retail chain Globus . ", "Raja Hindustani -LRB- translation : Indian King -RRB- is a 1996 Indian blockbuster Hindi-language drama romance film directed by Dharmesh Darshan . It tells the story of a cab driver hailing from a small town , who falls in love with a rich girl . Aamir Khan and Karisma Kapoor play the lead roles . Released on 15 November 1996 , it is a remake of the 1965 Hindi film Jab Jab Phool Khile starring Shashi Kapoor and Nanda . The film 's music is composed by Nadeem-Shravan with lyrics by Sameer . The film went on to win five Filmfare Awards including the awards for Best film and Best Actors , and seven Screen Awards . Raja Hindustani was the third most commercially successful Hindi film of the 1990s . Made on a budget of 57.5 million , the film went on to gross 763.4 million worldwide , becoming the highest-grossing film of the year . The film 's music became popular and was successful especially in central and eastern states of India . Karisma Kapoor was complimented for her looks and performance as Aarti , a rich beautiful sensitive young girl full of dreams and desires . She won the Filmfare Best Actress Award for her role . The film was remade in Kannada as Naanu Naane in 2002 starring Upendra and Sakshi Shivanand in lead roles . The distribution rights are now owned by Red Chillies Entertainment . ", "Karisma Kapoor -LRB- born 25 June 1974 -RRB- is an Indian actress , who appears in Hindi films . One of the most popular and highest-paid actresses of India , Kapoor is particularly known for her work in the female-centric films and her film roles have been credited as a significant departure from the traditional portrayal of women in Hindi films . Kapoor is often regarded as the nation 's most beautiful actress , and is the recipient of several accolades , including a National Film Award and four Filmfare Awards . Born and raised in Mumbai , she is a member of the Kapoor family , where her parents and other relatives are all involved in the Indian film industry . Despite her family background , her father disliked women entering films , and separated from her mother . Kapoor , at the age of seventeen , left her studies to pursue a film career for financial support , and made her acting debut with a leading role in the moderately successful Prem Qaidi -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . Subsequently , Kapoor starred in a number of box-office hits , including the dramas Jigar -LRB- 1992 -RRB- and Anari -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , the comedies Raja Babu -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Coolie No. 1 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- and Saajan Chale Sasural -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and the thriller Jeet -LRB- 1996 -RRB- . However , she was criticised for her brief , repetitivein roles and inclination to male-dominated films . The 1996 blockbuster romance Raja Hindustani marked a significant turning point in Kapoor 's career , earning her praise and a Filmfare Award for Best Actress . She later won the National Film Award and Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of a dancer in Yash Chopra 's blockbuster musical romance Dil To Pagal Hai -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in three of David Dhawan 's top grossing romantic comedies -- Hero No. 1 -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Biwi No. 1 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Dulhan Hum Le Jayenge -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sooraj Barjatya 's highly successful family drama Hum Saath-Saath Hain -LRB- 1999 -RRB- -- and won the Best Actress and Best Actress Critics awards at Filmfare for her titular roles in the highly acclaimed dramas Fiza -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Zubeidaa -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , respectively . She also received widespread praise for her performance in the 2002 revenge drama Shakti : The Power . Kapoor took a leave from full-time acting in 2004 , and made her comeback with the 2012 supernatural thriller Dangerous Ishqq , after which she again took a leave . ", "Geeta is a Bollywood film directed by Parshwanath Yeshwant Altekar and starring Chandra Mohan , Durga Khote and Anant Marathe . It was released in 1940 . The film produced under the Circo Productions banner was a bilingual made in Hindi and Marathi . The story was written by Minoo Katrak who in later films was to become a renowned sound recordist . The cinematographer was Gordhanbhai Patel and the film 's music was composed by Datta Koregaonkar . It 's dialogues and song lyrics were by S. K. Kallah with screenplay by Altekar . The rest of the cast included Trilok Kapoor , Ashalata , Vatsala Kumtekar and Baby Suman . The film starred Durga Khote and Chandra Mohan in the same film for the second time . They had earlier acted in Amar Jyoti -LRB- 1936 -RRB- but not opposite each other . Chandra Mohan was cast in a double role in this film , playing the role of father and older son . The story involves a restless man , whose hardships and needs make him leave his virtuous wife . Taking his young son Mohan along , he turns to a life of crime , inducing Mohan to become an outlaw with him . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Hôpital_du_Sacré-Cœur_de_Montréal", "CoEur_devotional_path", "Museo_de_Cultura_Popular", "Chapelle_du_Rosaire_de_Vence", "Couvent_des_Jacobins_de_la_rue_Saint-Jacques" ]

[ "The Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal is a hospital in the Cartierville neighbourhood of Montreal , Quebec , Canada . It is one of the largest teaching hospitals affiliated with the Université de Montréal , and one of the largest hospitals in Quebec . ", "CoEur is a devotional and hiking route in Italy and Switzerland . Its Italian subtitle , Nel cuore dei cammini d'Europa , translates as `` In the heart of Europe 's paths . ", "Museo de Cultura Popular is a museum in the village of Santa Lucia de Barva , just south of Barva , Costa Rica . It is located in the former home of ex-president Alfredo Gonzalez Flores . It has a number of notable displays related to 19th century Costa Rica , demonstrating the fashion and popular culture during this period . ", "The Chapelle du Rosaire de Vence -LRB- Chapel of the Rosary -RRB- , often referred to as the Matisse Chapel or the Vence Chapel , is a small Catholic chapel located in the town of Vence on the French Riviera . It was dedicated to the Dominican Order . The church was built and decorated between 1949 and 1951 under a plan devised by Henri Matisse . It houses a number of Matisse originals and was regarded by Matisse himself as his `` masterpiece '' . While the simple white exterior has drawn mixed reviews from casual observers , some regard it as one of the great religious structures of the 20th century . ", "The Couvent Saint-Jacques , Grand couvent des Jacobins or Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques was a Dominican monastery on rue Saint-Jacques in Paris . Its complex was between what are now rue Soufflot and rue Cujas . Its teaching activities was the origin of the collège des Jacobins , a college of the historic university of Paris . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Barcelona", "Les_Fonts", "Pradell_de_la_Teixeta", "Barcelona,_Arkansas", "Mairena_del_Aljarafe" ]

[ "Barcelona -LRB- -LSB- bɑrsəˈloʊnə -RSB- , -LSB- bəɾsəˈlonə -RSB- , -LSB- barθeˈlona -RSB- -RRB- is the capital city of the autonomous community of Catalonia in the Kingdom of Spain , as well as the country 's second most populous municipality , with a population of 1.6 million within city limits . Its urban area extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of around 4.7 million people , being the sixth-most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris , London , Madrid , the Ruhr area and Milan . It is the largest metropolis on the Mediterranean Sea , located on the coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs , and bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola mountain range , the tallest peak of which is 512 m high . Founded as a Roman city , in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona . After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon , Barcelona continued to be an important city in the Crown of Aragon as an economic and administrative centre of this Crown and the capital of the Principality of Catalonia . Barcelona has a rich cultural heritage and is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination . Particularly renowned are the architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner , which have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites . The headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean is located in Barcelona . The city is known for hosting the 1992 Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions and also many international sport tournaments . Barcelona is one of the world 's leading tourist , economic , trade fair and cultural centres , and its influence in commerce , education , entertainment , media , fashion , science , and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world 's major global cities . It is a major cultural and economic centre in southwestern Europe , 24th in the world -LRB- before Zürich , after Frankfurt -RRB- and a financial centre . In 2008 it was the fourth most economically powerful city by GDP in the European Union and 35th in the world with GDP amounting to $ 177 billion . In 2012 Barcelona had a GDP of $ 170 billion ; it is leading Spain in both employment rate and GDP per capita change . In 2009 the city was ranked Europe 's third and one of the world 's most successful as a city brand . In the same year the city was ranked Europe 's fourth best city for business and fastest improving European city , with growth improved by 17 % per year , and the city has been experiencing strong and renewed growth for the past three years . Since 2011 Barcelona has been a leading smart city in Europe . Barcelona is a transport hub , with the Port of Barcelona being one of Europe 's principal seaports and busiest European passenger port , an international airport , Barcelona -- El Prat Airport , which handles over 40 million passengers per year , an extensive motorway network , and a high-speed rail line with a link to France and the rest of Europe . ", "Les Fonts is a town in the comarca of Vallès Occidental , located in Barcelona , Catalonia . As of 2009 , the population is 2,336 . The town is served by the Les Fonts station of the FGC line S1 . The name Les Fonts is Catalan for The Fountains . ", "Pradell de la Teixeta is a small village in Catalonia , Spain , located in the comarca of Priorat , in the province of Tarragona . In 2005 the population was approximately 189 . ", "Barcelona is an unincorporated community in Crawford County , Arkansas , in the United States . Barcelona has been noted for its unusual place name . ", "Mairena del Aljarafe -LRB- -LSB- maiˈɾena ðel alxaˈɾafe -RSB- -RRB- is a municipality in the province of Seville , Spain . In 2009 had a population of 40,700 inhabitants . Its superficial extension is 17,7 km ² -LRB- 6.83 sq. mi . -RRB- and has a population density of 2,470.23 hab/km ² . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Van_Zant", "Johnny_Van_Zant", "Ronnie_Van_Zant", "Skynyrd's_Innyrds", "Sweet_Home_Alabama" ]

[ "Van Zant is an American musical duo composed of brothers Donnie Van Zant and Johnny Van Zant . Both are brothers of the late Ronnie Van Zant , former lead singer for the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . Johnny became the lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and Donnie was also the leader and vocalist of .38 Special . Initially a Southern rock band , Van Zant first recorded in the 1980s on Geffen Records before disbanding . Johnny and Donnie re-established Van Zant in 1998 to record two albums for CMC International , switching their focus to country music in 2005 , with two more albums on Columbia Records as a duo . The duo 's first Columbia album , Get Right with the Man , produced a Top Ten country hit in `` Help Somebody . '' ", "John Roy `` Johnny '' Van Zant -LRB- born February 27 , 1959 -RRB- is an American musician and the current lead vocalist of Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He is the younger brother of the late Lynyrd Skynyrd co-founder and former lead vocalist Ronnie Van Zant , and of the .38 Special founder , Donnie Van Zant . Van Zant performed during the 1970s with his first band , The Austin Nickels Band . They later changed their name to The Johnny Van Zant Band releasing their debut solo album , No More Dirty Deals , in 1980 . Original members of The Johnny Van Zant Band consisted of Van Zant on lead vocals , Robbie Gay on guitar , Danny Clausman , on bass , Erik Lundgren on lead guitar , Robbie Morris , drums and Joan Hecht -LRB- previously Joan Cusumano -RRB- and Nancy Henderson on background vocals . Van Zant released three more solo albums between 1981 and 1985 , before taking a break from the music business . He became lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and continues to record and perform with them today . He released another solo album , Brickyard Road , in 1990 , which featured the popular title track , which was a # 1 hit on the U.S. Mainstream Rock Tracks chart for three weeks . He also records and performs with his brother , Donnie , as Van Zant since 1998 . In May 2006 , less than one day before he was to perform at KSAN-FM 107.7 The Bone 's Bone Bash 7 , Van Zant underwent emergency surgery to have his appendix removed . Treated at Stanford University Medical Center in Palo Alto , California , after reporting pain to a doctor earlier in the day . The incident forced the band to cancel three U.S. shows . Van Zant is a fan of the Jacksonville Jaguars . He recorded a video , along with remaining members of Lynyrd Skynyrd , that is played at every Jaguars home game on the Everbank Field video board . According to Skynyrd 's website , Van Zant was again hospitalized on August 6 , 2011 at the Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis , Minnesota due to complications from a previous surgery . According to the website , Van Zant had a `` surgical site '' infected with cellulitus which required both hospitalization ad IV/Antibiotic Treatment . He began displaying signs of a staph infection and other symptoms related to the infection . His subsequent illness resulted in a number of scheduled performances being cancelled . ", "Ronald Wayne `` Ronnie '' Van Zant -LRB- January 15 , 1948 -- October 20 , 1977 -RRB- was an American lead vocalist , primary lyricist , and a founding member of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He was the older brother of current Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist Johnny Van Zant , and of the founder and vocalist of 38 Special , Donnie Van Zant . He was the father of singer Tammy Van Zant , and cousin of musician Jimmie Van Zant . ", "Skynyrd 's Innyrds : Their Greatest Hits is the title of the 1989 Lynyrd Skynyrd greatest hits album . It was certified 5x platinum in July 2001 by the RIAA . ", "`` Sweet Home Alabama '' is a song by Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd that first appeared in 1974 on their second album , Second Helping . It reached number 8 on the US chart in 1974 and was the band 's second hit single . The song was written in reply to `` Southern Man '' and `` Alabama '' by Neil Young ; Young is name-checked in the song 's lyrics . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Trick-or-treating", "Dashing_Away_with_the_Smoothing_Iron", "Engagement_ring", "Lifting_equipment", "Madisar" ]

[ "Trick-or-treating is a Halloween custom for children in many countries . Children in costumes travel from house to house asking for treats such as candy -LRB- or , in some cultures , money -RRB- with the phrase `` Trick or treat '' . The `` trick '' is a -LRB- usually idle -RRB- threat to perform mischief on the homeowners or their property if no treat is given to them . It typically happens during the evening of October 31 . Some homeowners signal that they are willing to hand out treats , for example by putting up Halloween decorations outside their door . Others might simply leave treats on their porch . In North America , trick-or-treating has been a Halloween tradition since the late 1920s . In Britain and Ireland the tradition of going house-to-house collecting food at Halloween goes back at least as far as the 16th century , as had the tradition of people wearing costumes at Halloween . In 19th century Britain and Ireland , there are many accounts of people going house-to-house in costume at Halloween , reciting verses in exchange for food , and sometimes warning of misfortune if they were not welcomed . The Scottish Halloween custom of `` guising '' -- children disguised in costume going from house to house for food or money -- is first recorded in North America in 1911 . While going house-to-house in costume has remained popular among Scots and Irish , the custom of saying `` trick or treat '' has only recently become common . The activity is prevalent in the United States , Canada , the United Kingdom , the Republic of Ireland , Puerto Rico , and northwestern and central Mexico . In the latter , this practice is called calaverita -LRB- Spanish for `` little skull '' -RRB- , and instead of `` trick or treat '' , the children ask ¿ me da mi calaverita ? -LRB- `` can you give me my little skull ? '' -RRB- where a calaverita is a small skull made of sugar or chocolate . ", "`` Dashing Away with the Smoothing Iron '' is a traditional English folk song written in the 19th century about a woman carrying out one part of her linen chores each day of the week . ", "An engagement ring is a ring indicating that the person wearing it is engaged to be married , especially in Western cultures . In Western countries , engagement rings are worn mostly by women , and rings can feature diamonds or other gemstones . In some other cultures men and women wear matching rings . In some cultures , engagement rings are also used as wedding rings . A ring is presented as an engagement gift by a partner to their prospective spouse while they propose marriage or directly after a marriage proposal is accepted . It represents a formal agreement to future marriage . In Western countries , it is customarily worn on the left hand ring finger , though customs vary across the world . Before agreeing to marry , a couple may choose to buy and wear pre-engagement rings , also called promise rings . After marrying , the couple may wear both engagement rings and wedding rings , or if they prefer , only the wedding rings . Some brides have their engagement and wedding rings permanently soldered together after marriage . ", "Lifting equipment , also known as lifting gear , is a general term for any equipment that can be used to lift loads . This includes jacks , block and tackle , vacuum lifts , hoists , rotating screws , gantries , A frames , gin poles , shear legs , sheerleg , windlasses , lifting harnesses , fork lifts , hydraulic lifting pads , air lift bags , and cranes . Lifting equipment can be dangerous to use , and is the subject of safety regulations in most countries ", "The Madisar or Koshavam is a way in which the sari is worn mostly by the womenfolk in ancient India after her marriage . Later it was identified to one particular community , the Tamil Brahmins . Today , to suit modern trends and yet accommodate traditions , the madisar is worn by women on select festive occasions and religious ceremonies . Normally saris are six yards in length but since the madisar is worn in a different style , one requires a nine-yard sari to wear it . It is a very important part of the Iyer and Iyengar culture . Both Iyer and Iyengar Brahmin wear madisars for all important occasions in their lives , starting with marriage , followed by Seemantham -LRB- form of a baby shower -RRB- , all important Puja , and death ceremonies . Iyers and Iyengars wear Madisars differently . Iyers drape the Pallu -LRB- the layer of sari which comes over one 's shoulder -RRB- over the right shoulder while Iyengars wear it over the left shoulder.Conventionally , Madisar is maroon or red in colour , nowadays Madisar is being worn in other colours according to people 's wishes . Madisars are available in a variety of materials such as silk , cotton , cotton-silk blends , polyester-cotton blends , etc. . These days a version of the madisar is also tied using the 6-yard sari . Though not as traditional , it is easier and more convenient to wear . Actually Madisar is made up of two words . Madi is the portion of the long pallu which is folded into two , lengthwise and tucked away at the back and this prevents it from slipping from the shoulder . The other word is Thaar . It means bringing a portion of dhothy or saree from front , between the legs and tucking it at the small of back . This will make the dhothy or saree like a pajama and helps free movement of legs . Also serves as a pair of pants . This word has now become ` Saar ' . Koshavam means pleats . In Iyer Madisar there will be a bunch of pleats at the back of one leg below the knee . Iyengar Madisar is Not called Koshavam . I am Saroja Chakravarty an octogenarian Iyengar lady happy that people want to know about Indian customs . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Samsung", "Chennai_Express", "Celebrity_Badminton_League", "Red_Chillies_Entertainment", "Sakshi_Agarwal" ]

[ "Samsung Group -LRB- ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- -RRB- is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol -LRB- business conglomerate -RRB- . Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income . Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value -RRB- , Samsung Heavy Industries -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues -RRB- , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T -LRB- respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies -RRB- . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance -LRB- the world 's 14th largest life insurance company -RRB- , Samsung Everland -LRB- operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea -RRB- and Cheil Worldwide -LRB- the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues -RRB- . Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP . ", "Chennai Express -LSB- tʃᵻˈnaɪ -RSB- -LSB- ɪkˈsprɛs -RSB- is a 2013 Indian romantic action comedy film directed by Rohit Shetty , and produced by Gauri Khan for Red Chillies Entertainment . The film features Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone in lead roles ; it is the second collaboration between Khan and Padukone after Om Shanti Om -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . The film is about a man 's journey from Mumbai to Rameshwaram , and what happens along the way after he falls in love with the daughter of a local don . Principal photography began on 27 September 2012 , filming began in October 2012 and was completed by May 2013 . Chennai Express was released in the overseas markets on 8 August 2013 , and a day later in India . Extensive paid previews were held in India on 8 August as well . Although the film received mixed reviews from critics , it broke several box office records in India and abroad , becoming the quickest film to collect net domestically at that time . The film currently ranks as the eighth highest grossing Indian film of all time . ", "Celebrity Badminton League - CBL is an Indian-based new league platform for celebrities started in Jan 2016 to exhibit their badminton talent . It is combination of sports and entertainment with cine stars taking part in CBL season 1 played by four south Indian states namely Tamil Nadu - Chennai Rockers , Kerala - Kerala Royals , Karnataka - Karnataka Alps and Telangana - Tollywood Thunders . ", "Red Chillies Entertainment -LRB- RCE -RRB- founded in 2002 , is an Indian motion picture production , distribution and a premier visual effects company based in the city of Mumbai . The company was founded in 2002 by Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan and his wife Gauri Khan . It was transformed from the now defunct Dreamz Unlimited . Red Chillies Entertainment has formed a full-fledged film studio in India . The studio 's activities span across creative development , production , marketing , distribution , licensing , merchandising and syndication of films in India and worldwide . Apart from film production , RCE has a visual effects studio known as Red Chillies VFX . The company also has a 49 % stake in the Indian Premier League cricket team Kolkata Knight Riders . Sanjiv Chawla was the former CEO of the company , while Gauri Khan serves as a producer . In February 2013 , Venky Mysore , the CEO of Kolkata Knight Riders took over additional responsibility as chief of Red Chillies Entertainment as well . ", "Sakshi Agarwal , born on 20 July 1990 is an Indian film actress , primarily known for her work in the Tamil film industry , Kollywood . She started her career modelling in Bangalore and also worked in two Kannada films , Sandalwood before she began working on Tamil films . Apart from acting , Sakshi has also worked on many TV commercials and photo shoots for some big brands in the city . Brought up in Chennai , Sakshi completed her engineering degree from St. Joseph 's College of Engineering , Anna University , Chennai and pursued further studies by attending MBA from a leading institute in Bangalore . After working for a few months in one of the India 's top IT companies , she was noticed by a well known fashion designer from Bangalore who gave her a break into the modelling industry . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Beezin'", "Personality", "Gyne", "Bombus_sylvicola", "Schizothymia" ]

[ "Beezin ' is the practice of applying Burt 's Bees brand lip balm , often menthol or peppermint flavored , to one 's eyelids . This practice , besides causing a stinging in the eyes , is claimed to induce or heighten the sensation of being drunk or high , or create a state or perceived state of enhanced alertness . Beezin ' started in 2005 or earlier . Videos of beezin ' were posted to YouTube starting in the 2010s , leading to the practice becoming something of a fad among American youths . Some commentators have claimed that the practice is not widespread or is entirely made up , an example of a moral panic . Health professionals are generally skeptical of the habit , with warned-of deleterious effects ranging from simple eye inflammation to pinkeye and conjunctivitis , with beezin ' also a possible gateway to riskier behaviors . ", "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "Gyne is the primary reproductive female caste of social insects -LRB- especially ants , wasps , and bees of order Hymenoptera -RRB- . Gynes are those destined to become queens , whereas female workers are typically sterile and can not become queens . A colony with multiple queens is said to be a polygyne form , whereas with only one is a monogyne form . The fire ant Solenopsis invicta is known to have colonies in both polygyne and monogyne forms . The small red ant , Leptothorax acervorum , has colonies that switch from monogyny to polygyny as a result of seasonal fluctuations . The little fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata produces unique kinds of meiotic oocytes with a drastic reduction in recombination . These oocytes may either fuse together for gyne production -LRB- automictic parthenogenesis with central fusion -RRB- or be fertilized by male gametes for the production of workers . In the wasp species Apoica flavissima queens display distinct morphological differences from the sterile worker class . In Ropalidia plebeiana , gynes do not stay in the nest after they emerge as adults , but may spend their winters in their maternal nests . In species lacking morphological castes -LRB- i.e. , where `` workers '' may not be sterile -RRB- , the term `` gyne '' is usually reserved for those females whose entire life is spent as a reproductive or potential reproductive , as opposed to those who start life as a worker and subsequently attain reproductive status -LRB- often called a `` replacement queen '' or a `` laying worker '' -RRB- . These can be seen in certain species of stingless bee like the Plebeia remota where both gynes and workers are capable of reproducing . In most species with annual colony cycles , only gynes can enter diapause and overwinter , while workers -- both non-reproductive and reproductive -- die off . In some groups , such as paper wasps , gynes will join with other gynes at the time of nest founding , and may be relegated to subordinate reproductive roles , so being a gyne does not guarantee that a female will become a queen . ", "Bombus sylvicola is a species of bumblebee native to North America . It occurs throughout most of Canada , its distribution extending into Alaska and the western contiguous United States . In the southernmost extent of its range in California it occurs only at elevation . It is known commonly as the forest bumblebee . This is a common species . It is a bee of alpine and subarctic climates . It lives in open , grassy habitat such as mountain meadows . It nests underground , or sometimes on the surface . Its food plants include sandworts , rabbitbrush , fireweeds , lupines , coyote mints , butterburs , mountain heathers , and groundsels . This was one of two bees featured in a study showing how climate change may be affecting their morphology . This species is polymorphic , with longer-tongued and shorter-tongued individuals . As the current climate change progresses , longer-tongued individuals are becoming less common in the population because flowers with long corollas are becoming less abundant . Shorter-tongued bees are having more success as generalist foragers among the available flora . This species is very similar to the black-tailed bumblebee -LRB- B. melanopygus -RRB- , the two sometimes having nearly identical color patterns . ", "Schizothymia is a temperament related to schizophrenia in a way analogous to cyclothymia 's relationship with bipolar disorder . A schizothymic individual displays a flat affect and a high degree of introversion , withdrawing from social relations generally ; nevertheless , some individuals with this characteristic may be able to achieve relatively affable social relations and a measure of affectivity in some situations . As a kind of temperament , schizothymic personality traits are thought to be more or less innate rather than the result of socialization -LRB- or a lack thereof -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dawood_Ibrahim", "Junaid_Dawood", "Asion_Daja", "Halil_Pehlivan", "Ibrahim_Abdel_Meguid" ]

[ "Dawood Ibrahim -LRB- Marathi : दाऊद इब्राहीम कासकर , born Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar 26 December 1955 -RRB- , known as Dawood Bhai or simply Bhai is a gangster and terrorist originally from Dongri in Mumbai , India . The word `` Bhai '' means `` Big brother '' . In the lingo of the Mumbai underworld , the word `` Bhai '' is attributed to members of the underworld who hold considerable power . He heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company founded in Mumbai . He is currently on the wanted list of Interpol for cheating , criminal conspiracy and running an organised crime syndicate . He was number three on the The World 's 10 Most Wanted . ", "Junaid Dawood -LRB- born 2 October 1996 -RRB- is a South African cricketer . He made his Twenty20 debut for Eastern Province against KwaZulu-Natal in the 2016 Africa T20 Cup on 25 September 2016 . He made his first-class debut for Eastern Province in the 2016 -- 17 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup on 20 October 2016 . He made his List A debut for Eastern Province in the 2016 -- 17 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 15 January 2017 . ", "Asion Daja -LRB- born 14 March 1990 in Tiranë -RRB- is an Albanian football player who plays as a midfielder for Tirana in the Albanian Superliga . By signing with Tirana in July 2016 , Daja become one of the few players to have represent all the capital teams . Daja represented Albania at youth levels , playing for the under-17 , -19 and -21 levels . ", "Halil İbrahim Pehlivan -LRB- born 15 May 1994 -RRB- is a Turkish professional footballer who currently plays as a defender for Adanaspor on loan from Gençlerbirliği in the Süper Lig . ", "Ibrahim Abdel Meguid is an award-winning Egyptian novelist and author . He was born in Alexandria in 1946 and studied philosophy at Alexandria University . He obtained his BA in 1973 and moved to Cairo the following year . He published his first novel around the same time . Among his best known works are Birds of Amber , No One Sleeps in Alexandria and The Other Place . These have been translated into English and French . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gary_Ross", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Francis_Lawrence", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film_series-RRB-", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-novel-RRB-" ]

[ "Gary Ross -LRB- born November 3 , 1956 -RRB- is an American film director , writer , and author . He directed the film The Hunger Games , as well as Pleasantville and the Best Picture nominated Seabiscuit . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen -LRB- Lawrence -RRB- volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark -LRB- Hutcherson -RRB- , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy -LRB- Harrelson -RRB- . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day -LRB- $ 67.3 million -RRB- and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross -LRB- $ 152.5 million -RRB- was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress . ", "Francis Lawrence -LRB- born March 26 , 1971 -RRB- is an American filmmaker and producer , who has worked on films , television shows , and music videos . He is best known for directing three of the four films in the Hunger Games film series . ", "The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels , by the American author Suzanne Collins . Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen , Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark , Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy , Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket , Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee , Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman , Donald Sutherland as President Snow and Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne . Gary Ross directed the first film , while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films . The first three films set records at the box office . The Hunger Games -LRB- 2012 -RRB- set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film . The Hunger Games : Catching Fire -LRB- 2013 -RRB- set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November . The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 1 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014 . The films , including The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , received a positive reception from critics , with praise aimed at its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of the main protagonist , Katniss Everdeen . The Hunger Games is the 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time , having grossed over US$ 2.9 billion worldwide . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins . It is written in the voice of 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen , who lives in the future , post-apocalyptic nation of Panem in North America . The Capitol , a highly advanced metropolis , exercises political control over the rest of the nation . The Hunger Games is an annual event in which one boy and one girl aged 12 -- 18 from each of the twelve districts surrounding the Capitol are selected by lottery to compete in a televised battle to the death . The book received mostly positive responses from major reviewers and authors . It was praised for its plot and character development . In writing The Hunger Games , Collins drew upon Greek mythology , Roman gladiatorial games , and contemporary reality television for thematic content . The novel won many awards , including the California Young Reader Medal , and was named one of Publishers Weeklys `` Best Books of the Year '' in 2008 . The Hunger Games was first published in hardcover on September 14 , 2008 , by Scholastic , featuring a cover designed by Tim O'Brien . It has since been released in paperback and also as an audiobook and ebook . After an initial print of 200,000 , the book had sold 800,000 copies by February 2010 . Since its release , The Hunger Games has been translated into 26 languages , and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories . The novel is the first in The Hunger Games trilogy , followed by Catching Fire -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Mockingjay -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . A film adaptation , directed by Gary Ross and co-written and co-produced by Collins herself , was released in 2012 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]