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### animal \| arthropod \| insect: Various insect * Most various insects eat plants. * can cause yellowing foliage - damage leaves, otherwise relatively free * consume specific crops while weeds compete with crops for space, sunlight and water. * encroaching onto the special needs bus can cause allergic reactions. * occur sporadically in fecal pellet analysis. * pollinate the erect flowers, and bats eventually disperse the seeds. Vinegar fly * Vinegar flies breed in any fermenting or decaying fruit - can be a very serious pest in cannery areas * is an insect Walkingstick * Some walkingsticks are sold as pets. * are nocturnal - slow moving, wingless, with long, slender legs and thread-like antennae - usually tan in color and they have prickly-textured skin - well known for their slow-moving behavior and camouflage * eat bramble leaves, like blackberry and rose. * spend their lives clinging to branches and leaves. ### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| walkingstick: Vietnamese walkingstick * are common in the wild. * range throughout Vietnam and Southeast Asia.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| insect: Wasp * Many wasps also feed on nectar from flowers and therefore function as pollinators. * Many wasps are predatory, preying on other insects - venomous * Most wasps abandon their nests in the autumn, with the mated queens overwintering. * Most wasps are actually beneficial insects, and capture many pest insects to feed their young - carnivorous, feeding on insects, grubs, or spiders - located on nests - most active during the early morning * Most wasps come from larvae - out of hibernation - emerge from pupas - enter nests * Most wasps have abdomens - behavior - blue eyes - heads - many similarity - painful sting - red heads - rusty red heads - similar behavior - stingers - wings - make hives * Some wasps are aggressive species and can sting when threatened - located at homes - parasitic, laying eggs inside other living insects - predatory, while others are parasitic - social insects - solid black or dark blue, but most have red, orange, or yellow wings or markings - unfriendly insects - become queens * Some wasps eat cockroaches and others eat ants - harmful insects * Some wasps eat other harmful insects * Some wasps emerge from holes - enter colonies - get liquids * Some wasps go dormant during the winter - to gardens * Some wasps have different eat habits - nest habits - peculiar habits - spines * Some wasps live for several years - make substances - survive for years * are capable of sting - located in nests - venomous animals - vermins * attack midges - wheat midges * become nuisances. * bite legs. * carry pollen. * catch cicadas. * cause problems. * chew holes. * collect pollen. * consume insects * depend on food. * eat food - vegetation * emerge as adults. * emerge from cases * enter holes * feed on flower nectar - moth larvae - sweet liquids * give birth to offspring. * has-part bellies - organs - methods * hear noise. * hide nests. * includes air sacs - brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - flight feathers - nuclei - plasma membranes - quill feathers - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * lift wings. * live in colonies - large colonies - nests made of a paper-like mass - papery nests * make eggs * mate in springs. * perform services - valuable services * pollinate flowers. * pose threats. * possess exoskeletons - structures * reach maturity. * receive food. * release eggs. * require energy - environments * resemble social wasps * rest on plants. * return to nests. * sting prey. * undergo complete metamorphosis	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Braconid wasps * are a group of smaller, thicker parasitic wasps - an important natural enemy - notorious outlaws as far as butterflies are concerned * parasitize the aphids, and ants feed on the honeydew excreted by feeding aphids - upon the honeydew excreted by feeding aphids Digger wasp * feed on flower nectar * resemble social wasps European wasps * are fiercely aggressive in protecting their nest - unusual as they feed on meat products * can sting several times in an attack and stung victims can require medical attention. Female wasp * have stingers. * mate in springs. Female wasps * Most female wasps have stingers. * emerge in the spring from galls on the ground and lay eggs in opening buds. Gall wasp * are phytophagous insects, that is, they feed on vegetable tissues only - some of the oldest known acorn eaters * can be devastating to many trees in an area of infestation.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Hornet * All hornets are social insects, i.e., they live in a colony, construct a nest, and have a hierarchy. * All hornets have the ability to sting more than one time - two sets of wings * Most hornets are asexual females and there are typically few males - inside nests - emerge from nests - enter nests * Most hornets have colonies - legs - venom - make nests - survive heat * Some hornets cause painful sting - die in fire * Some hornets eat grasshoppers * Some hornets feed on liquids - sugary liquids - have stages - live in Chicago * also can be predaceous and feed on other insects as well as scavenge from carrion - hunt at night so they also catch night-active insects like moth - make layers of papery combs, but the combs are covered with a papery envelope * are Bilaterally symmetrical - a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps - aerial nesters and, like their relative the yellow jacket, make nests of paper - attracted to human sweat and running - classified as insects and are omnivorous - crushed with wooden sticks with flat heads - especially aggressive, and have been known to chase people for miles - examples of harmful agents - far more difficult and dangerous to control than paper wasps - found mainly in the Northern Hemisphere - harmless unless disturbed - hunters - more difficult to deal with than paper wasps - often much larger than other wasps or bees - the largest of all wasps or yellow jackets * build grayish-brown carton structures which resemble a very large inverted tear drop - warped ball shaped nests ranging in size from football to basket ball * can alert the whole nest. * catch many soft bodied flying insects to feed their larvae - our attention because of their habit of building globular paper nests in trees * communicate mainly with pheromones. * construct a gray or brown paper nest five to ten feet above the ground. * eat eat flies, bees, and wasps. * feed chiefly on other insects and caterpillars. * frequently fly into orchards to feed on overripe fruit. * have a black thorax and abdomen marked with white or bright yellow markings - narrow waist with long legs and a stinger - short, black bodies with yellow or white markings - stings used to kill prey and defend hives * includes air sacs - brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - flight feathers - nuclei - plasma membranes - quill feathers - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * infest areas. * inject venom. * nest under eaves of house. * possess bodies - energy * require something. + Hornet, Hornets and people, Stings: Wasps * Hornets have a stinger. They use this to kill prey, and to defend themselves. * Hornets can alert the whole nest. This means that all workers there will defend it. This can lead to a dangerous situation.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp \| hornet: European hornet * Most european hornets have legs. * Some european hornets eat grasshoppers * are found in most parts of north america. * eat grasshoppers, yellow jackets and bees. * fly at night and are attracted to lights and windows. * girdle smaller twigs and gnaw holes in the bark of larger branches. * have a long seasonal cycle Male wasp * emerge from pupas. * pollinate flowers. Male wasps * Most male wasps emerge from pupas. * Some male wasps have spines. * can only develop on wasp larvae. * make love to orchids.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Paper wasps * are longer, more slender, and have longer legs than yellowjackets - much more tolerant of disturbances than yellow jackets or hornets - one of the less aggressive wasps - thin with shiny, dark brown, with brown or yellow markings * belong to the genus Polistes. * build open, flat nests of a single comb. * have extremely thin waists in comparison to other wasps, for example - longer more slender bodies and long dangling legs * make their own paper by chewing wood into pulp and mixing it with their saliva. Parasitic wasp * attack midges - wheat midges * feed on larvae - moth larvae * have wings.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Parasitic wasps * Most parasitic wasps have wings. * Some parasitic wasps are so small they can develop into adults inside the eggs of other insects. * are extremely varied in their habits. If the prey caterpillar, they paralyze it by injecting it with venom through their ovipositor. Then they insert one or more eggs into the host or deposit them upon the host externally. The host remains alive until the parasitoid larvae are mature, dying later when the parasitoids pupate, or when they emerge as adults. Basically, the hosts are eaten alive - also very effective in aphid control - another threat to butterflies - effective against leaf miners - important natural enemies of caterpillars, grubs, whiteflies and aphids * enter the fall webworm nest, laying their eggs inside the larva. * inject their eggs into the bodies ot caterpillars. Potter wasp * Most potter wasps have painful sting. * are black with white, yellow, orange, or red markings - found throughout the northern hemisphere, mainly in temperate regions - generally black and yellow and have a thin waist - important in the natural control of caterpillars Predatory wasps * Many predatory wasps can carry prey bigger than themselves. * eat the pupae of several species of filth breeding flies.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Social wasps * Most social wasps are omnivores , eating both plants and other animals. * Most social wasps live in colonies - large colonies - prefer to use vegetation to their advantage when building their nests * are formed of paper wasps , yellow jackets and hornets. * live as colonies in nests of honeycomb-like cells - in large colonies and are led by a queen - together in communities called colonies + Wasp, Free-living wasps, Nests made of paper * Most free-living wasps are social insects, like bees and ants, but there are a few solitary wasps. Social wasps are formed of paper wasps, yellow jackets and hornets. All three make paper nests from tree wood. They create paper cells similar to the combs that bees make with wax. They chew up bits of wood and convert it into a paste which they use to construct their paper nests.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| wasp: Solitary wasps * Some solitary wasps have spines - make galls , which are abnormal growths on plants * live alone except for breeding. + Wasp, Parasitic wasps, Solitary life * Some solitary wasps make galls, which are abnormal growths on plants. They form directly after the wasp lays its eggs, and the plant develops a growth around the egg, encasing it. The trigger for the gall to form is not known. The gall protects the eggs while they develop. Galls can be found almost everywhere in the late summer, especially on the branches of oak trees, like in this picture. Velvet ant * Most velvet ants are black and red - prey on the larvae of other insects * are wasps. Wheel bug * are rather uncommon, but attract attention when found due to their bizarre appearance. * feed by piercing the host and injecting a potent saliva into the prey - on aphids as young nymphs * is an insect * undergo incomplete metamorphosis developing slowly into the winged adult. White ant * are insects - one of the most dreadful pests in the garden, which can kill plants short time * cause serious damage to trees at all ages. * eat out the core of the tree and branches. * prefer wood.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| insect: Whitefly * All whiteflies have a similar lifecycle. * Some whiteflies also are important as vectors of some plant pathogens - are present year-round * Whiteflies also can transmit diseases, such as viruses, between plants - produce a sticky substance called honeydew , which is left behind on the host - secrete a sticky substance called honeydew * Whiteflies are a common problem on poinsettias - serious problem on indoor plants * Whiteflies are also notoriously difficult to control by chemical means - present, but more data are needed on insect vectors * Whiteflies are common and the incidence of beet pseudo yellows is relatively high - pests on many ornamental plants - efficient vectors of viral diseases - hard to control - known to be attacked by diverse natural enemies - minute sucking insects which as adults resemble tiny white moths - often very difficult to control - one of the easiest cotton insects to scout for - resistant to most traditional pesticides - serious pests of many important crops * Whiteflies are small pests that hide and feed on the undersides of leaves - piercing and sucking insects - sucking insects that live on the underside of leaves - white insects which feed on the undersides of leaves - small, winged insects that look like tiny moths, which attack many types of plants - still heavy in some areas and in certain varieties - the most common insect pest on fuchsia - tiny white insects that feed on plant sap - tiny, soft bodied insects - vectors for many pathogens * Whiteflies are very difficult to control - small insects that resemble tiny white moths - become a problem when they continually sap the plant of energy needed for growth - breed continuously in interior environments, rapidly creating large populations * Whiteflies can be very difficult or almost impossible to control with insecticides - to control and populations can rebound quickly following treatment * Whiteflies can cause cantaloupe leaves to turn yellow - direct damage to plants as a result of feeding - leaves to yellow and drop - develop pesticide resistance easily - kill a small plant very quickly - reduce yields of greenhouse grown tomatoes - transmit various plant diseases and plant viruses * Whiteflies cause damage to the crop by feeding on plant tissues - two types of damage to plants - colonize on the underside of leaves - come out as temperatures climb - continue to increase and in some areas are producing honeydew - destroy plants by feeding on their juices - excrete sticky honeydew during feeding * Whiteflies feed on a wide variety of vegetables - plant sap and can reduce plant vigor and yield when populations are very high * Whiteflies have a six stage life cycle - unique method for disposing of honeydew - piercing-sucking mouthparts which puncture the leaf and suck the plant juices - injure plants by sucking out the sap and nutrients - look like tiny white flies that take to the air when plants are moved or disturbed - lose their white, waxy bloom as they are entrapped by the adhesive - love fuchsia - multiply quickly and because they have wings, they can spread to nearby plants - pass through four distinct stages of development - reduce the plant's vigor and serve as carriers for plant viruses - regain their legs as adults - remain at generally low levels across the region * Whiteflies secrete a clear, sticky substance called honeydew - honeydew on plants, which allows unsightly black sooty mold to grow - sit on leaf undersides and feed by sucking out the sap - spend winters in weeds and ornamentals * Whiteflies suck out plant juices - sap from the plant causing leaves to yellow, shrivel, and drop prematurely - thrive in sunny, warm conditions - undergo complete metamorphosis * Whiteflies usually feed on the lower surface of their host plant leaves - occur in groups on the undersides of leaves	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| insect \| whitefly: Giant whitefly * Giant whiteflies exhibit a strong tendency to feed in groups. * produces copious amounts of wax. Greenhouse whitefly * Greenhouse whiteflies are insects - worldwide pests of greenhouse-grown ornamentals and vegetables * can transmit viruses. * common pest of house plants and greenhouse plants. Wingless insect * Most wingless insects have length - possess abdominal appendages * Some wingless insects eat wallpaper - undergo metamorphosis Instar * are arthropods - important because they allow the caterpillar to grow * are the stages between each molt - during the life cycle between molts * is an arthropod * reach an end once the mantid has developed wings. ### animal \| arthropod \| instar: Early instar * differ considerably in appearance from the later instars. * feed on the lower leaf surfaces - within the cambial tissues * skeletonize the underside of soybean leaves, leaving the upper leaf surfaces intact.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod: Krill * Most krill eat phytoplankton - find in oceans * Most krill have exoskeletons - hard exoskeletons * Most krill live in deep water * Most krill survive for long periods * Some krill eat algas - animals - antarctic algas - small animals - zooplankton - feed on algas - have bellies - live for years * Some krill live in oceans - southern oceans - make up diets - survive winter * are crustaceans. * compete for algae with gelatinous creatures called salps. * constitute the next biggest source of protein. * consume phytoplankton. * employ two types of spawning mechanism. * exist in large numbers and are an integral part of the aquatic food chain. * feed baleen whales. * feed on plankton floating near the ocean's surface - the green algae that coats the ceiling of sea ice that floats atop the Southern Ocean - nourishment * have ability - survival * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - heads - nuclei - pincers - plasma membranes - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * live at least two and possibly up to five years. * live in areas usually affected only every few days by the wobbling ozone hole - on the undersides of ice sheets, where they find refuge and algae as food * move backwards by using their tails. * provide food. * reach maturity after two to three years. * reproduce during springs. * rise and fall in the water column depending on the time of day. * start their lives in the summertime when females lay eggs near the surface. * takes place in all oceans of the world but mainly in Antarctic Ocean. * tend to rise to the surface at night to feed, and retreat to deeper waters during the day. * travel in swarms so dense they can be seen from space.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| krill: Antarctic krill * are considered the greatest under-tapped biological resource in the ocean today - found in the seas surrounding the peninsula and the rest of the continent - one of the most abundant and successful animal species on Earth - very popular in the world * can scrape off the green lawn of ice-algae from the underside of the pack ice. * forms dense concentrations, called swarms, during the Antarctic summer. * graze the algae along the underside of sea ice. * is one of the most abundant and successful animal species on the planet - the key species for marine food web chain in the Antarctic waters Northern krill * are tiny crustaceans that float in large swarms. * emerge from the furcilia stage as fully developed adults. * go through four larval stages after hatching. * occur across the Atlantic from the Mediterranean Sea northward.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| millipede: Pill millipede * Most pill millipedes roll into balls. * Some pill millipedes have short legs. * are much shorter , and are capable of rolling up into a ball , like pillbugs. + Myriapoda, Classification, Millipedes * They are slower than centipedes, and feed on leaf litter and detritus. Around 8,000 species have been described, which may represent less than a tenth of the true global millipede diversity. One species, 'Illacme plenipes' has the greatest number of legs of any animal, with 750. Millipedes typically have between 36 and 400 legs. Pill millipedes are much shorter, and are capable of rolling up into a ball, like pillbugs. Young millipede * hatch inside the nest and remain within it. * have only the first three pairs of legs and no more than seven segments. * mature the second year after hatching.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod: Mite * All mites are very tiny and almost microscopic. * Many mites are parasitic on other arthropods, on mollusks, or on vertebrates - feeding give the needle a stippled or rusted appearance - have complex symbiotic associations with the larger organisms on which they live - possess extremely intricate life styles in close association with plant and animal hosts * Most mites adapt to environments - host plants - novel host plants * Most mites are beneficial, feeding on microorganisms or on other small animals - difficult to see clearly without magnification - external parasites, particularly in larval stages - harmless predators of insects, or feeders on decaying plant material - minute free-living or parasitic arthropods in terrestrial or aquatic environments - round or oval in shape with head, thorax, and abdo- men fused - carry pathogen * Most mites cause ear irritation - medical problems - respiratory problems - drink blood - eat plants or other insects * Most mites feed on birds - crop weeds - dead skin - foliage - shed skin - substances * Most mites go through life stages - major life stages - grasp prey * Most mites have diets - hide in cracks - inhabit the superficial portion of the skin, leading to thickening and flaking - invade structures * Most mites live in follicles - hair follicles - on surfaces * Most mites pass through larval stages - prefer dry conditions - suck blood - survive on diets * Most mites thrive in conditions * Most mites undergo incomplete metamorphosis * Some mites are beneficial because they feed on plant mites - predators that eat other mites - free-living scavengers or predators - predominately found on or in the ears, others commonly affect the elbows or feet - so well hidden that even with a microscope, they elude detection - become adults - belong to families * Some mites burrow into skin - the skin and cause a condition called scabies - carry viruses * Some mites cause anemia - damage - diseases - extensive damage - infection - injuries - intense itching, while others cause hair loss - serious diseases - skin infection - consume blood - destroy gardens * Some mites develop feed habits - die within weeks * Some mites eat detrituses - fungi * Some mites feed on bees - fluid - sides - springtails - tissue fluid * Some mites go into hibernation - summer hibernation - through phases - harbor diseases like the red spider * Some mites have antennas - areas - expectancy - eyes, but many are blind - life expectancy - needles - no heart at all - hitch a ride on other arthropods - infect dogs * Some mites invade homes * Some mites kill canaries - larvae - wort plants - leave burrows * Some mites live entirely in the water, and many are parasitic on insects - for months * Some mites live in bedrooms - colonies - curtains - grass - green grass - towels - on or in insects * Some mites prefer environments - humid environments - produce substances - spin silken thread * Some mites survive months - several months - years - thrive in environments * Some mites transmit bacteria - travel up to cms * also can be parasitic on warm-blooded animals, including humans - form fine webs on the undersides of leaves where they feed - hate baths - infest grain products - love heat and reproduce much more slowly in cool temperatures - move into soybean fields as grain and other crops mature - suck plant juices * are a common inhabitant of the bee colony - diverse group of animals - frequent topic of discussion on the Internet forums - lot like ticks * are a member of the arachnid family that includes spiders, chiggers, and ticks - family, which includes spiders, chiggers, and ticks - serious problem in Western Australian pastures - sign of poor environmental conditions - tiny, almost invisible parasite that can infest a hedgehog's quills and skin - very important part of the animal kingdom * are almost microscopic and best seen with a hand lens or magnifying glass - transparent to cream in color with two dark spots on a side * are also in carpeting and furniture - parasites that cause dogs to scratch - subject to fungal disease - among the most diverse and successful of all the invertebrate groups - an external parasite and can cause systemic illness - another type * are arachnids that can be either beneficial or a pest, depending on the species - live on the outer surfaces of plants and animals * are arachnids, like spider and scorpions, and are closely related to ticks - so they have eight legs - aracnids - arthropods, just like spiders - both destructive and beneficial - capable of explosive population growth * are common ectoparasites of many animals, including humans, mice, and herps - on citrus, crotons, avocados, copperleaf and mango - parasites on all kinds of arthropods, including many insect and spider species - delicate and susceptible to dehydration - difficult to control - eight legged tiny creatures related to other arachnids like spiders - eight-legged parasites that live in and around cats' ears - everywhere people breed birds * are external parasites that can be easily treated with the right care - infest a variety of reptiles * are extremely difficult to treat - resistant to even the harshest disinfectants - small and can barely be seen without a magnifying lens - found in burrows in the skin * are generally an indication of either poor hygiene or poorly controlled environmental factors - too small to be seen without a magnifying glass - very troublesome storage pests, because they are so small and hard to see * are hard to detect and look like small dots on the backside of the leaves - find - harder to eradicate - hot weather pests that thrive on the dusty undersides of leaves - however, known to be susceptible to a range of fungi and bacteria - hugely important in a wide range of areas, from agriculture to forensics - less likely to develop resistance to oil than to other insecticides * are located in beds - carpets - rugs * are microscopic and they cause ear disease and skin irritation - parasites found in the air and on all surfaces - microscopic, spider-like organisms that live within the outer layers of the skin - minute arachnids requiring magnification for identification * are more closely related to spiders than to insects - ticks and spiders than to insects - difficult to kill * are most active in the winter months - damaging during the summer months since they favor hot, dry weather - frequently ectoparasites of the skin, mucous membranes and feathers - visible and active on overcast or cloudy days - much more active than ticks, and appear to be tiny, moving specks - often a problem in the home because of low humidity and warm temperatures * are one of the major indoor triggers for people with allergies and asthma - most species-rich groups of arthropods that inhabit pitchers - oldest of all land animals - type of microscopic animal that can live on our bodies - only aquatic arachnids - parasitic pests, much like lice, which infest sparrows - pinhead-sized, blood sucking arthropods closely related to ticks - primitive creatures that have no developed respiratory system and no eyes * are reddish brown and stand out against the white baby drone - in color and uniformly shaped - sensitive to the reproductive cycle of the female dog * are small and are thus difficult to identify - difficult to see with the naked eye * are small blood sucking ecto parasites, which are irritating to snakes - ectoparasites, which are irritating to snakes - parasites that attach themselves to the adults and young and feed on blood - spiders that attack the undersides of the leaves, new growth, and flowers * are so small that they're almost impossible to see without a magnifying glass - tiny that they pass through the vacuum cleaner bag - teeny-tiny white bugs and are difficult to see without a magnifying glass or earscope * are the most common - frequent pest on marigolds especially during hot weather - only other group that bears comparison - root cause of scabies - second most common invertebrate found in compost - smallest chelicerates - therefore dependent on the mutualistic interaction between birds and plants * are tiny and sometimes microscopic parasites that can reside on humans and animals - arthropods, related to ticks - eight-legged animals that are closely related to ticks - little bugs that burrow in the skin - parasites that infect many animals, including rabbits - relatives of spiders * are tiny, and difficult to see with the unaided eye - sap-feeding arachnids that are difficult to see with the naked eye - spiderlike creatures that are typically found on the underside of leaves - too small for the human eye to notice, but their dropping leave a white film on reptiles * are too small to detect, but symptoms include frantic scratching, biting, and chewing - see but are equally common - truly ubiquitous - usually more of a problem in hot dry climates or seasons - very difficult to control * are very small and are hard to see without a magnifying glass - usually feed on the undersides of leaves - susceptible to environmental conditions, particularly temperature and rainfall - tine arthropods which occasionally infest structures and bite people - tiny arthropods closely related to insects - whitish and about the size of a pinhead - wingless and usually pale yellow to red in color * attack almost all trees and shrubs. * begin laying overwintering eggs on twigs as summer ends. * begin to feed and oviposit as buds swell in the spring - at the base of the tiny new needles at the tip of the expanding bud * belong to the arachnid group. * bite occupants. * burrow immediately after transmission but time to skin lesions is very variable - into feathers * burrow into the skin or hair follicles, some burrowing deeper than others - within one hour of transfer - stratum corneum of the skin, depositing faeces as they burrow * can affect a plant by fading color and brown growing tips - all animals including hamsters - and often do kill plants over time * can be a problem during hot weather - in our climate - when the plants are grown indoors and out - vector for the spread of diseases - even harder to see - hard to get rid of due to the number of hiding places available in the habitat - particularly difficult to eradicate - build up at different times in different blocks or years * can cause allergies in people - injury when plants are in full sun and get dried out - severe foliage damage to plants - complete their life cycle in five to eight days depending on temperature - easily spread between members of a family - injure tomatoes, beans, muskmelons, watermelons, and sweet corn * can live as parasites on other animals such as cats, birds, etc - for awhile in clothing and other items such as bedding and towels - on body parts where ever there is hair roots and sebaceous glands - reside very deep in the ear canals - serve as vectors for disease * can survive off the body for up to five days - vacuuming because they stick to surfaces - the wheat streak mosaic virus * cause a bronzed or stippled appearance on the foliage, especially in hot weather - fading of green leaf color, making the leaves look dusty or yellowed - bronzing of the foliage and loss of green color - deformation of flowers and leaves - great economic losses in stored grain, other food and organic products - leaf discoloration - loss of green leaf color - mange - mottling of the leaves and eventually drying of the foliage - older needles to become yellowed or stippled - paling of the leaves - speckling and yellowing of the leaves * cause the leaves to be grayish - spotted and dried out - fade from green to yellow - lose their good green color - turn yellow and have a dusty appearance - plants to lose their good green color and appear stippled - yellowed foliage * cause yellowing and speckling of the foliage * causes damage to foliage and in some cases to fruit. * depend on atmospheric moisture and human dander for survival. * destroy leaflet tissue by their feeding, causing leaflets to have a scorched appearance. * develop on the bee brood. * discolor the leaves. * drop from their host after each blood meal and can survive several days without feeding. * eat particles of skin and dander, so they thrive in places where there are people. * even invade the internal organs of humans, other vertebrates and invertebrates. * feed along the midrib, causing the leaves to fold or twist upward to form the gall - by piercing tissue with their mouthparts and extracting cell contents * feed by sucking on the underside of leaves and often spin fine webs between leaves and limbs - sap from the plant - externally on conifer tree needles - off the blood of the ears of cats - cloudy days or at night * feed on dead skin but their faeces are highly allergenic - host pulmonary epithelial cells, erythrocytes and lymph - mango leaves, flowers and young fruits - needle sap and cause a small white or yellow spot at the feeding site * feed on shed human skin, and the bedroom is most often where they make their home * feed on the body fluids of the bee from the inside of the trachea and can be very numerous - undersides of young leaves - only in daylight - primarily on the undersides of leaves, out of sight and away from direct sunlight - year-round in greenhouses * feed, multiply, and produce more fecal matter at higher RHs than at lower ones. * feeding near the leaf margins causes the leaves to curl upward and toward the midvein. * feeding on leaves cause injury to the tree by removing leaf tissue - the interior of the bud cause it to become distorted * frequently pass between plants by crawling or ballooning from one plant to another. * go through a larval and nymph stage before becoming adults * hatching from the eggs soon begin to wander about, feeding and laying eggs. * have a six legged nymph stage and an eight legged adult stage - an average lifespan of three months but in that short time span they set to work fast * have only one body part - noticeable body region - similar effects, except they turn leaves and fruits rusty-brown - two or four eyes depending on type or species * help to keep fly larvae reduced in numbers. * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cytoplasm - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * increase rapidly because conditions under the scab are ideal for their development. * infect humans. * infest follicles * infest human follicles * inhabit surfaces. * is an amount * lack chewing mouth parts, but use chelicerae to suck out cell contents. * leave foliage speckled and yellow - the tracheae after the death of the bee * like to live in box springs, mattresses, pillows, and carpets. * live in carpet, bedding, etc., and consume skin particles from humans - the warm space between a rug and concrete * live on surfaces - the skin of the birds - permanently on humans and animals - routinely in the ear canal * living within galls are much more difficult to control. * love citrus plants but hate high humidity. * move into cotton from border vegetation, often after mowing - to the emerging wheat by wind * multiply rapidly during hot dry weather. * obtain water from air to survive. * occupy a wide range of ecological niches. * occur under the dead body in the soil, during the later stages of decay. * often infest chestnut leaves, causing a rusty brown appearance - make a very fine webbing, while slugs leave slime trails - reach damaging numbers during the winter months * only become a problem when their populations explode - live on the host * peak in the winter and spring months. * penetrate leaf surfaces with their sharp, slender mouthparts and remove cell contents. * penetrate the breathing tube walls with their mouthparts and feed on blood - tubes with their mouthparts and feed on blood * pierce the skin to feed on tissue fluids. * prefer adult bees less than four days old - the ears, elbows, hocks, and face - warm, moist surroundings such as the inside of a mattress when someone is on it * prey on insects - upon nematodes * primarily feed on lower leaf surfaces. * proliferate in hot, dry weather. * reach maturity very quickly and live for one or two weeks. * reproduce within the tracheae, generally increasing in number as bees age. * require honey bees to survive. * seem to be deterred by sunlight reflecting off aluminum foil onto the underside of leaves. * sometimes come in via wood shavings and require treatment. * spin very fine webs over the places where they are feeding. * strike most often when the air is hot and dry. * stunt the new growth and discolor the foliage. - out plant juices and cause leaves to become mottled and eventually drop * suck plant juices and leave foliage speckled and yellow - juices, causing whitish or yellowish speckled areas on tops of leaves * tend to be more of a problem during hot, dry periods - problem in areas with high amounts of dust - build up around field margins during hot, dry weather * thrive in any humid place in the home * thrive on dead human skin cells in bedding, carpeting and upholstery * transmit Asiatic scrub typhus to humans. * travel around within houses and between houses very easily. * typically have two body segments, four pairs of legs and an exoskeleton. * typically live in colonies and produce a thin web on lower leaf surfaces - producing a thin web on lower leaf surfaces * usually feed on the bird at night and retreat to cage corners and seams during the day. * vary greatly in appearance and habits. * vary in color from white and pale yellow, gray or green to brilliant red or orange - yellowish, greenish, orange to reddish or red	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Aquatic mite * Most aquatic mites undergo incomplete metamorphosis * Some aquatic mites live in sea. Broad mite * are also susceptible to various miticides - still around on pepper and eggplant in widely scattered locations * can also infest vegetable bedding plants such as beans, peppers and tomatoes - complete their life cycle from egg to adult in as little as one week's time * continue to increase and some fields are reaching low to moderate levels of infestation. * inject a toxin from their saliva as they feed. Chicken mite * Most chicken mites feed at night and spend the day in cracks around roosts, nests and walls - hide in cracks * Some chicken mites survive several months. * are small and grey or yellow in color, but darken after filling with blood.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Chigger * also bite people and generally are too small to be seen without magnification. * are active from spring to late fall but are most numerous in early summer - common to the southern United States - especially common in moist low-lying areas - larvas - mites that attack humans - parasitic on warm-blooded animals - pests * are the immature stage of a harvest mite - mite, usually infesting the under-wing, leg and thigh areas - larvae of a type of mite found in tall grass and weeds - tiny and red, and they are a type of mite - usually a problem in late spring and summer - worldwide pests * attach themselves to tender skin areas to feed. * can be abundant in summer but can also be controlled with repellant. * crawl about on vegetation, waiting to attach to a host. * feed in clusters on the thighs, breast, underside of the wings, and around the vent. * feed on a variety of wild and domestic animals, as well as humans - wide variety of snakes, turtles, birds, and small mammals as well as humans - humans, as well as a wide variety of snakes, turtles, birds, and small mammals * is the name given in North America to a skin parasite called Trombicula autumnalis. * live and breed on the ground and prefer a warm, moist habitat where rodents are abundant - outdoors in tall weeds and grass * spend most of their lives in cracks in the soil.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Clover mite * Most clover mites go through stages. * are common nuisance pests in Nebraska, often invading structures in enormous numbers - harmless and the red stains are the red pigments from their body fluids - harmless, but their presence inside the house nuisance - larger, brown or gray, flat, and have very long front legs - only a temporary nuisance - pinhead-sized mites that feed on grasses and other plants around structures * are plant feeders only - that occasionally invade homes - reddish-brown and have long front legs - smaller than a pin head - so tiny they stick easily to almost any type of sticky tape - tiny spider mites about the size of a small pin head - usually inactive during summer and winter - widespread and occasionally very abundant * can be a serious nuisance pest when they enter buildings in spring - become active at temperatures slightly above freezing * continue and banks grass mites begin to increase in droughty areas. * develop on lawn grasses and weeds around the foundation of buildings. * enter homes when their food plants are removed or dry up. * invade structures. * occur as periodic pests of lawns and are a nuisance when they migrate into homes - in large numbers * reproduce outdoors. Cyclamen mite * are primarily pests in second year plantings - serious pest of strawberries - shiny and elliptical in shape with four pair of legs * prevents young plants from forming normal flower buds.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Dust mite * are a common cause of asthma in children - frequent cause of asthma * are a major cause of allergic reactions and asthma - allergies and asthma - culprit - reality in most parts of the world, except where it is unusually dry or very cold * are a type of allergen, a substance that can cause an allergic reaction in some people - arachnids that belong to the same group as spiders - creatures that are related to spiders and ticks - extremely small - found in most areas of the world - hardy creatures that live well and multiply easily in warm, humid places - harmless to most people - impossible to completely eliminate from living quarters - in the arachnid family which includes spiders, scorpions and ticks * are located in beds - cellars - rugs - members of the same family as spiders * are microscopic and found in ordinary household dust can cause allergic reactions - animals that cause allergic reactions - creatures that eat skin particles and dander - insects which thrive on food particles and the scales shed by human skin - organisms that can live and thrive throughout homes and businesses * are microscopic organisms that feed off of dead human skin - on flakes of sloughed-off skin - live in upholstered furniture and carpets - which live in bedding, rugs, and upholstered furniture - microscopic, eight-legged creatures that thrive in humid, dusty environments - most common in humid climates - of microbial length * are one of the most common causes of allergies and are present year-round - types of carpet beetles - oval shaped with eight hairy legs, no eyes, no antenna and a tough translucent shell - perhaps the most common cause of perennial allergic rhinitis - possibly the number one cause of asthma problems in the home - present all year long and are found in large quantities in carpeting and bedding - probably impossible to avoid completely - rather fragile creatures and they can easily be broken apart - second only to pollen in causing allergic reactions - so small they are invisible to the naked eye * are the biggest cause of allergic reactions in the home - culprits that cause breathing problems for many allergy sufferers - main source of allergens in house dust * are the most common allergen in the world - important to avoid, followed closely by cats and certain types of mold - single most frequent trigger for asthma attacks * are tiny arthropods that can be found almost everywhere - transparent creatures that feed on human skin flakes * are tiny, microscopic animals that are found in house dust - tiny bugs that live in cloth and carpets - too small to bite a human - universal in indoor environments * are very small and look like a cross between spiders and ticks - tiny spider type scavengers that recycle dust particles into editable food * can also be a factor in environmental illness - contribute to asthma * cause problems - respiratory problems * colonize in mattresses, carpets, and upholstered furniture. * eat skin cells shed by people, and they thrive in warm, humid environments. * feed on dead skin - substances * have no natural predator so they just keep multiplying. * occur naturally and can appear in nearly all homes. * pose another respiratory threat. * require certain conditions beyond a food supply in order to thrive and reproduce. * survive a normal hot water washing of bed sheets - on diets * tend to thrive in older homes and areas of high humidity.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Ear mite * appear as tiny whitish translucent insects in the cat's ear. * are a common problem, especially in stray or feral cats and kittens - very contagious organism that thrives within the ear canal of dogs and cats - also dangerous as they can cause ear infections * are common in litters of kittens if their mother has ear mites - puppies whose mother has ear mites - rabbits and cause large crusts and scabs in the ear canals - shelter pets, and are very contagious - to both dogs and cats * are contagious and that s typically how they are transferred and obtained - to other cats and can be treated with ear drops or an injection - extremely contagious * are parasites that live in the ear canal causing irritation - often can cause otitis externa - quite common in kids if the adults are infected - rare however * are tiny eight-legges animals that live down in the ear canal and feed on ear wax - infectious organisms resembling microscopic ticks - insect-like parasites that live in the ear canal of cats and dogs - parasites which live in the ear canal - very common, but still serious * can affect dogs of all ages - also cause a waxy secretion and strong odor - burrow in rabbit's ears and cause crusty, painful ears - come from other infected animals - live for a limited time off the animal - show up as a brown build up on the inside of cats ears * cause ear irritation * spread rapidly and can be transmitted by brief physical contact with other animals. * tend to wedge under the edges of scabs for shelter. Female mite * Most female mites have legs. * Some female mites have expectancy - life expectancy - leave burrows - live for months - travel up to cms * prepare an exit for the larvae in the region of the corridor. * sneak into the larva cells before the cells are covered over to let the bees develop. Follicle mite * infest follicles - hair follicles * infest human follicles * live mainly in the region of the eyelids, nose, and other facial areas. House dust mite * feed on shed skin * go through life stages - major life stages Male mite * are considerably smaller and are pale to lightly tanned - smaller than females and remain white and soft bodied throughout their brief lives * die soon after mating - within the brood cells Mange mite * are more difficult to eradicate than hog lice - transmitted among deer by close contact, as at crowded feeding sites * cause a rash and hair loss, usually worse on the back and rump. * spend their entire lives on the host animal. Parasitic mite * Most parasitic mites adapt to environments. * Most parasitic mites live in follicles - hair follicles * are extremely rare in captivity, however - very difficult to identify and require detailed microscopic examination * attack the bees and brood and also contribute to losses each year.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Red mite * Most red mites suck blood. * Some red mites kill canaries. * are a problem during dry periods - also capable of piercing and sucking fluids from egg capsules - parasites that suck earthworm blood while they are attached * common nest contaminant. * feed at night and cause restlessness in the bird - mainly on foliage, causing chlorosis and defoliation - on tender new leaves and populations increase with new growth flushes * live off the blood. - the blood from the host canary only during the night Sarcoptic mite * are obligate parasites which spend most of their lives in burrows in the skin. * burrow into the skin. * can overtake an entire household in weeks and drive a dog to mutilate itself. * cause sarcoptic mange, which is the more common form. * form definite burrows under the skin in which females deposit eggs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Spider mite * All spider mites are pests of cultivated plants, particularly under dry and warm conditions - soft-bodied, small and very slow moving - go through the same stages of development - have eight legs and a lack of a separate head * Many spider mites are tiny red mites which are difficult to see without a magnifying glass - produce webbing, particularly when they occur in high populations * Most spider mites are greenish-white to yellow in color, although some can be orange or reddish - too tiny to be seen without the aid of a magnifying glass * Most spider mites feed on crop weeds - have the ability to produce a fine silk webbing - prefer dry conditions * Most spider mites thrive in conditions * Some spider mites are more resistant to some methods than others - belong to families - have predators - kill plants * are a chronic and damaging pest of nurserystock and landscape in California. * are a problem during prolonged periods of warm, dry weather - in dry sites - serious pest of field corn in Colorado * are also a problem with eggplant, especially in hot, dry weather - important pests of field-grown roses - problematic - another garden scourge - apt to thrive in warm, dry houses - arachnids * are common and also cause foliar distortion - cannabis pests, especially when growing in soil * are common pest problems on many plants around yards and Gardens in Colorado - plants around yards and gardens in North America - plant pests - despised by growers - difficult to control, and thrive during hot, dry weather * are evident in some soybean fields at low levels - fields, and are causing some puckering of growth * are extremely small but can cause much damage - pests that are related to spiders and ticks - generalists that feed on a large number of landscape woody and herbaceous plants * are generally a problem only in hot, dry seasons - under control and are beginning to enter diapause in some crops - hard to eradicate - important pests of a number of our ornamentals - leaf suckers, that penetrate the outer cell layers on branch tips and leaf axils - mainly a problem in hot dry climates - miniscule but very destructive * are most active in hot, dry weather - damaging during hot dry weather - notorious for building immunity to chemical controls * are small and often difficult to see with the unaided eye - animals more closely related to chiggers, ticks, and spiders than to insects - enough that often they are undetected until they've already done some damage - small, often difficult to see without a hand lens - so small they can cause much foliage discoloration before being detected * are still a problem in many fields - problem, but in lesser amounts - susceptible to soaps and oils * are the bane of growers everywhere - least detectable pest * are the major pest of pole beans * are the most common mite pest in the garden - mites attacking woody plants - pest, followed by whitefly - worst for indoor plants * are tiny and difficult to see with the naked eye on the plant - insects that build up webbing around the stems and veins of the leaves - relatives of insects usually only visible with a hand lens - sucking bugs that feed on plant tissue fluid - true mites that feed on plants and produce webbing around where they feed - usually more of a problem on house plants that remain indoors year round * are very active and some spraying has occurred - small and are frequently blown from plant to plant - tiny and extremely difficult to see - worst in the driest conditions * attack the plants when weather is hot and dry. * begin infesting evergreens now. * can also attack ivy - become a problem on indoor plants - be a problem during hot weather * can be a problem in hot, dry weather - the deep South - problem, especially in hot, dry conditions - serious problem on corn, particularly silage and sweet corn - an especially tricky pest in the grow room - deadly to houseplants - problem in summer after hot dry weather - serious corn pests in Colorado, especially during hot, dry years - become a nasty pest in greenhouses, patios and plant rooms during the late summer - build up to damaging numbers * can cause plants to lose their green color and appear dusty or speckled - yield reductions as long as green pods are present - devastate marigolds in hot, dry weather - give plants a hazy, brown cast * cause an autumn like yellowing of the leaves - older needles to lose green coloration and become yellowed - yellowing or stippling but are very difficult to see * continue to be a problem in soybeans - busy, particularly if plants are located under eaves - build populations on spruce and fir at many locations - populate many soybean leaves, although fungus has reduced the population * do better in some environments than others - infest some varieties * feed externally on the foliage of nearly all vegetables, flowers, trees and shrubs. * flourish on plants under stress. * have a rapid life cycle under ideal environmental conditions - slight preference for plants that are already infested with conspecifics - an incredibly large number of natural predators * is especially troublesume during the hot summer months. * leave a yellow, stippled-effect on the leaves, like tiny yellow spots. * move more and feed less if a predatory mite is near. * prefer conditions * produce webbing that is often filled with cast skins, dust, and other debris - webs on the leaves to hide and feed under * remain a minor concern. * reproduce rapidly during hot, dry weather * resemble tiny spiders, no larger than a pin head. * show up when the plant is very dry. * suck out plant juices. * tend to favor warm, dry weather. * use their mouthparts to pierce plant cells and suck out the contents.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| mite: Tiny mite * Most tiny mites feed on plants. * Most tiny mites live in follicles - hair follicles * live in common house dust Water mite * All water mites are predators. * Many water mites exhibit bright colour patterns, containing greens, blues, oranges or reds. * are among the most abundant and diverse benthic arthropods in many habitats. Young mite * are pale yellow, while adult mites are a rich dark red - smaller than the adults and have six legs * begin to feed on newly developed flowers. * move to newly opened leaves where they feed, mature, and reproduce. Most other arthropod * consume food - solid food * have eyes. Myriapod * All myriapods are terrestrial forms - have a head and an elongated body comprising leg-bearing segments * breathe through spiracles that connect to a tracheal system similar to that of insects. * do well in enclosures with plenty of floor space. * have a head and a trunk. * is an arthropod + Myriapoda, Structure * A pair of mandibles lie inside the mouth. Myriapods breathe through spiracles that connect to a tracheal system similar to that of insects. Onychophoran * are exceedingly rare and probably endangered in many habitats - generally blue, black, green or orange - typically sexually dimorphic, females are larger than males * resemble soft-bodied, unsegmented centipedes or caterpillars. Primitive arthropod * More primitive arthropods have a large number of similar segments. * Some primitive arthropods live in water. Pycnogonid * All pycnogonids are carnivores and use a muscular pharynx to suck soft food into the gut. * Most pycnogonids are carnivorous and bottom-dwellers, although some can swim. * are carnivorous animals that suck out the juices of their prey. * differ from all other arthropods in having multiple, segmental gonopores. * have almost no fossil record. * vaguely resemble spiders, with small bodies and relatively long, hinged legs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod: Scorpion * All scorpion flies go through the same general life cycle. * All scorpions are capable of stinging - exclusively carnivorous - nocturnal and generally venture from their shelters at night to forage for prey - venomous - viviparous and the females carry the newly-hatched young on their backs * All scorpions have a certain amount of venom - hard skin also called an exo skeleton - an additional five segments after the initial seven, ending in a sharp sting - eight legs and two pincers - kill prey with their pincers * Every scorpion constructs a burrow and there is only one scorpion per burrow. * Most scorpions are loners because of their cannibalistic tendencies - attack prey - attract scorpions - avoid predation - breathe air - burrow into sand - carry stingers - digest prey - drink water * Most scorpions eat crickets - feeder crickets - emerge at nights - establish colonies - feed on insects - find in deserts - has-part legs * Most scorpions have cheliceras - claws - color - distinct color - outer shells * Most scorpions have soft outer shells - tails - undersides - yellow color * Most scorpions hide in cracks - under logs, rocks, boards and clutter * Most scorpions live in deserts - various habitats - occur in habitats * Most scorpions possess metabolism - venomous sting * Most scorpions prefer deserts - warm, dry climates common to Arizona, California and New Mexico - prey on grasshoppers - produce venom - rely on prey - reproduce sexually - resemble scorpions - search for prey * Most scorpions show dimorphism - sexual dimorphism * Most scorpions survive several weeks - whole years - use tails * Some scorpion antivenins to treat scorpion sting. * Some scorpion antivenins to treat severe scorpion sting * Some scorpions are born with two tails, which is considered a genetic abnormality - attract mates * Some scorpions can go for a year without food - live their whole live relying only on the moisture in the food - survive a whole year with no food * Some scorpions cause death - injuries - change over time - eat cockroaches - feed on vertebrates * Some scorpions have amaze ability - effects - exoskeletons - lifespans - plates - small stings and others have big stings - triangular plates - weapons - live indefinitely without drinking - possess glands * Some scorpions reach adulthood - maturity - wait at their burrows to ambush their prey * abound in tropical and warm temperate countries. * absorb fluids through the flesh and organs of their prey. * add to the legend of scary arachnids. * adore warm, damp, and dark places. * also come out from their shelters in the evening - find daytimehiding places in crawl spaces, attics, and closets * also have a pair of enlarged pinchers at their front, which they use to grab prey - hide under rocks, in surface cracks, and in the bark of live or fallen trees * approach scorpions. * are a greater problem in the north-western Cape than snakes - member of the Arachnida class and are closely related to spiders, ticks , and mites - able to go up to a year without eating thanks to their specialized metabolisms - active at night, feeding on insects such as cockroaches or house crickets - all poisonous to a greater or lesser degree * are also potentially dangerous - symbols of Africa, veracity, the earth, dialectic, and logic - amazing animals, but they can pack a painful sting - ambush hunters * are among the most feared animals - resistant animals to the dangerous effects of radiations - oldest arachnids - an independent species , only relying on their mother until they reach maturity * are arachnids sometimes mistaken for insects - that possess eight legs - arthropods with six legs and stingers on the ends of their tails - at home in the desert - attracted to dark, moist spaces - cannibals and often eat each other * are capable of reducing their metabolic rates to very low levels - carnivores and feed on crickets - carnivorous animals and the food consists of small insects and spiders - carnivorous, feeding mostly on insects and spiders - classified as arachnids, the same as spiders - close relatives of ticks, mites, and spiders - common in desert regions * are common in the arid and semiarid regions - canyon and stings occur with regularity - common, and their bites are extremly painful and sometimes fatal - dangerous and mysterious creatures that when captured many kill themselves - different from other arachnids - easy pickings for hungry meerkats - eight legged venomous arachnids - entirely carnivorous - essentially tropical creatures, though a few species are found in the south of Europe - fairly common in hilly regions of India particularly on slopes of hills - found mostly in the Southern and Western states - from the family of arachnids along with spiders - generally large arachnids - gonochoristic with complex mating behavior resulting in transfer of spermatophores - inhabitants of warm countries all over the world * are known for having bad eyesight, so they tend to walk along walls - hiding and waiting for their prey - land-dwelling arthropods - located in tropical rainforests - military units * are more aggressive - common, but less deadly * are most abundant and diverse in warmer climates - night hunters * are nocturnal and feed mainly on insects and spiders - hide during the day - prefer warm, dry climates - typically shelter by day - very active during the summer months - creatures that resist stinging unless provoked or attacked - feeders that avoid high-intensity light * are nocturnal hunters feeding at night and hiding during the day - so they only come out during the cooler hours of the night - or diurnal, and are considered predatory animals that feed on other insects - predators feeding primarily on insects and other arthropods * are nocturnal, have eight legs and have a tail that curves upward toward the back - hiding during the day to conserve moisture - non-insect arthropods - notorious for hiding in boots - often misunderstood - one of the better known predators and one of the most feared by humans - only able to ingest liquids so the solid matter is discarded after feeding - opportunistic predators of small arthropods and insects - paramilitaries - part of the natural environment - people - poisonous because otherwise they'd never get respect with that many appendages - predatory arthropods - predatory, using their venom to subdue their prey and for defense - primarily active at night, and they sting when provoked or disturbed - quiet creatures, only emerging at night to hunt - relatively inactive during the daylight hours - roller coasters - sensitive to light, so they are primarily nocturnal - similar to spiders * are solitary creatures and never live in groups - creatures, interacting only to mate or to prey upon one another * are the most sexual of the signs in terms of cravings and desires - oldest known arthropods that live on land - typically nocturnal animals, hiding in the day and foraging at night - unusual among arachnids in having life spans that last more than one season * are venomous animals - predatory arthropods with highly effective sensory mechanisms * are very aggressive and are quick to sting - distinctive arthropods - vulnerable because they have the lowest rate of reproduction among arthropods * become nocturnal when they are old enough to hunt and feed - problems * belong to a phylum of joint-legged animals with external skeletons called arthropods - the few dangerous species - through four pairs of book lungs on the underside of their abdomen * burrows can be a meter deep, depending on the dryness of the location. * can be as short as an inch long, but their sting is deadly. * can control how much venom is injected in a sting - the amount of venom injected - hide in clothing, luggage and shipping containers - interpret vibrations transmitted through both the air and the ground - live for three to seven years - only digest food in a liquid form, so any solid matter is usually filtered out * cause significant threats to the public health in most of Latin America. * come all different sizes - in a variety of colors - from tan to light brown to black * display tendencies. * eat a variety of insects, spiders, other scorpions and lizards - wide variety of food - insects and spiders, and are most active at night * eat mainly insects and spiders - insects, spiders, centipedes * engage in activities. * enter homes in search of food and moisture. * exhibit several antipredator adaptations. * feed on insects and other small arthropods , including other scorpions. * feed on insects, and their presence is due to insect food in the area - spiders, centipedes, and other scorpions - mainly spiders, centipedes, a variety of other insects, and other scorpions - other bugs - spiders and soft-bodied insects * find in arizona deserts * fluoresce with a greenish colour under long-wave UV light. * fly larvae keep themselves buried in the soil, avoiding predation above the soil. * generally hide during the day and are active at night. * glow in the dark - ultraviolet light * goes into shock in cold water and goes limp. * grow and shed their entire exoskeleton several times before they are full grown - by shedding their hard outer shells * have a bad reputation mostly because of movies - primitive nervous system - six-segmented abdomen - venomous stinger on the tip of their tail - worldwide distribution - an articulated body * have eight legs and a pair of lobster-like pinchers and a tail that curves up - legs, two palps, one stinger, and the eyes depend on species - fronts - great personal magnetism - hair on their feet for burrowing, and long straight claws to seize and crush prey * have many mating rituals before reproduction - ways to survive in the desert - multiple eyes like other arachnids, but they have poor eyesight - night habits - pale color - pincer claws and a stinger - pincers, eight legs and a long tail with a stinger at the tip - poisonous stingers on their tails - slow development - small eyes and very poor vision - some of the most light sensitive vision amongst animals - three parts, adding a tail to the arachnid cephalothorax and abdomen - two body regions, the cephalothorax and the abdomen * hibernate during the cold months of the year. * hunt at nights * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * increase in weight until the exoskeleton has become too small to allow further growth. * is an arachnoid - finished with a durable black powder coating * like to live in cool, damp places like basements, wood piles, and junk piles. - very dry climates - warm countries in most parts of the world - warmer habitats than spiders and can live four or five months without food * live on every continent except Antarctica and are found in almost every kind of habitat - insects, but they kill and devour their own species as well * look like a lobster with a sharp stinger on the end of their long, skinny tails. * mature faster in warmer weather. * molt an average of six times before maturity. * naturally glow under UV-light. * often have a great deal of magnetism - shelter in shoes or clothing * only know how to sting and kill. * pedipalps are pincers. * perceive the world through visual, tactile, and chemical sense organs. * perform a mating dance by clasping each others pincers and dance around. * popular subject of cosplay among both men and women. - to be in dark, moist places - warm and relatively dry habitats * prey chiefly upon insects but spiders, millipedes and centipedes are also eaten. - insects, spiders and other invertebrates * pro- duce living young, which stay a week or more upon their mother's back. * range from the Gulf States to California and north into the dry areas of the west. * react to ants, eat crickets, and carry babies on their backs. - smell and vibrations to find each other for mating purposes * remain sheltered in the daytime and become active at night. * represent a special type of arthropod. * reproduce sexually and all species have individual males and females - small lobsters with raised, jointed tails bearing a stinger in the tip * rest during the day. * seek shelter in bedclothes. * sense in-coming prey by air and ground vibrations. * share features - several features * shed their exoskeleton. * shows how to defend and attack when needed. * sometimes prey on each other, but their main food is the woodlouse. * strike terror in many people and have been both hated and admired since ancient times. * survive on various insects and small animals, such as rodents * tend to live in hostile environments, and are difficult to distinguish between species - the ground but they are also going to be found living in the trees * to conserve venom. * typically produce live young instead of laying eggs. * use a small, clawlike structure that protrudes from their mouths called chelicerae - the pincers to capture and hold prey * use their pincers to capture and crush prey - grab and tear apart smaller prey * usually feed on insects and spiders - hide during the day and become active at night when they feed and mate + Scorpion, Relationships with others: Arachnids * Scorpions are an independent species, only relying on their mother until they reach maturity. It is not uncommon for a scorpling to kill another one of its siblings in a competition for food. How a scorpion chooses its mate is not certain, but many predict it is a random event, depending on chance meetings.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| scorpion: Bark scorpion * Most bark scorpions eat crickets * Most bark scorpions have fronts * Some bark scorpions change over time.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| scorpion: Emperor scorpion * Most emperor scorpions feed on insects. * Most emperor scorpions have cheliceras - venom - rely on prey * are born defenseless and rely heavily on their mother for food and protection - collected for the pet trade and for scientific study - eaten by many animals including birds , bats , mammals , and spiders - popular in the pet trade, as they are timid and their venom is mild * conduct elaborate mating rituals. * fluoresce under UV light. * help control insect populations in desert habitats. Large scorpion * live in tropical forests. + Desert scorpion, Species: Arachnids * There are more than 600 species of scorpions. Large scorpions live in tropical forests. With pincers held they both move back and forth and side ways. Water scorpion * capture prey with their raptorial front legs. * regulate their depth using three pairs of special sensors on their bellies. * vary in shape within the family. Young scorpion * bear a resemblance to their parents. * develop within the mother's body.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod: Sea spider * Most sea spiders have four pairs of legs. * Some sea spiders cause problems. * The 'Sea spiders' belong to the class 'Pycnogonida' of the phylum Arthropoda. Sea spider, are sea-dwelling animal that looks somewhat like a spider. There are about 500 species. Sea spiders are found in all oceans. * are animals - arthropods - most common in cold waters, but they occur throughout the oceans - relatives of crustaceans and belong to the class Pycnogonida * have hollow legs into whivh their stomachs go and the male carries the eggs. * is an arthropod * regulate body wastes and gas exchange by direct diffusion across the body surface. Small arthropod * Most small arthropods absorb oxygen. * Some small arthropods have insects. * make up their diet.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod: Spider * All spider mites spin fine strands of webbing on the host plant - hence their name. * All spiders are beneficial in the garden because they eat a variety of pest insects - carnivorous and secure live prey either by hunting or trapping spider bites, stings - poisonous - predacious and eat mainly insects * All spiders are predators and many contribute significantly to biological control - who feast on insects * All spiders are predators, feeding almost entirely on other arthropod s, especially insects - mainly on insects and other small arthropods - mostly on insects - predatory creatures - venomous including tarantulas which can be capable of delivering a painful bite - venomous, but only two are of medical importance in Southern California - eat meat, which means they're carnivores - have a definite structure * All spiders have a pair of jaw like fangs - jaw-like structures known as chelicerae - eight legs and most have eight eyes * All spiders have fangs and most kinds have poison glands - that they use to bite their prey with, and most have venom glands * All spiders have four pairs of legs and a set of leg-like appendages called palps - legs and two major body regions - some amount of venom with varying degrees of potency * All spiders have two body segments, a cephalothorax in front and an abdomen behind - body-segments, a cephalothorax in front and an abdomen behind * All spiders have venom and use it to help capture prey - that is used to paralyze their prey * All spiders have venom, but, in fact, most of the dangerous ones shy away from people - that's how they catch food - possess venom which they use for paralyzing prey and for self defense against predators * All spiders produce silk but only some build webs - from glands near the tip of the abdomen - shed their skin - use sucking as their digestive means * Ca on simple red chili powder with traditional Southwest flavor. * Every spider is venomous, but a very small number of species are really dangerous. * Many spiders are active at night and can be found by shining a flashlight into vegetation - brightly colored, and some are even shaped like psychedelic witch-doctor masks - capable of producing mild skin lesions when they bite - nocturnal , they are most active during the night - small and have small mouth parts - build a retreat of silk to hide in too - lay their eggs in silken sacs - spin silk cocoons around masses of their eggs and sometimes around their prey * Many spiders spin webs to catch insects for food.-eating birds, and even wasps - entrap their prey - trap their food in webs - use their sticky silk webs to catch food, which consists of tiny animals * More spiders tends to mean more bites. * Most spider mites overwinter as adults, hidden in bark cracks or under debris around gardens - prefer conditions * Most spiders also breathe through spiracles - have a sense of taste and smell, which play a role in feeding and reproduction - ambush prey * Most spiders are beneficial because they feed on insects - from the Great Lakes region, with a small number of exotics * Most spiders are harmless to people - yet helpful as they keep other insect under control - inside web - located in web - predators of insects, and thus are beneficial - predators, they capture prey - small, inconspicuous arthropods which are harmless to humans - vulnerable to frogs - attack soldier beetles - attract prey - become pests * Most spiders bite people - victims * Most spiders can live for several months without food - one or two years - carefully wrap their eggs in silk they produce from their own body * Most spiders catch food - collect food * Most spiders come from eggs * Most spiders construct some type of nest * Most spiders consume materials - plant materials - control pests * Most spiders create egg sacs * Most spiders detect presence - don t possess the mouthparts capable of breaking human skin * Most spiders eat beetles - household insects * Most spiders eat insects, but some larger spiders eat frogs and birds - they can also eat other spiders - live insects - mantises - mates - mosquitoes - other insects - plants - small insects - enter habitats - excavate burrows - extend legs * Most spiders feed on fly insects - organisms - upon insects * Most spiders find prey - underwater prey - follow prey * Most spiders go through development - phases - grab prey * Most spiders hang from silk thread * Most spiders has-part extremities - mandibles - organs * Most spiders have a life cycle similar to the black widow, but they each have unique features - blood - characteristics - deadly venom - different habitats * Most spiders have eight eyes and eight legs - in various arrangements * Most spiders have eight eyes, a head, thorax, abdomen and eight legs - although some have six or two - and the jumping spiders have the best eyesight of all * Most spiders have eight eyes, but some have fewer - some have six, four or two - some, like the brown recluse spider, only have six - the brown recluse has six eyes arranged in a distinctive pattern - some only six and several have fewer or none - simple eyes - exoskeletons - fangs too small or too weak to puncture human skin - four pairs of eyes - guts - hairy legs - heads - little defense against insecticides and black widows are no exception * Most spiders have long legs - thin legs - lungs - movement - only one lung, however there are some with two - poor eyesight and react to vibrations and motion - ranges - sensors - tendencies - three pairs of spinnerets, but some have only two pairs - unique characteristics - venomous fangs - vision - hear sound * Most spiders hide in cracks, darkened areas, or areas where they can construct their web - interiors - rooms * Most spiders inhabit different environments - many different environments - inject their prey with venom through fangs * Most spiders kill ants - aphids - fly ants - lay eggs - leave a trail of silk as they walk * Most spiders live either one to two seasons - for one year * Most spiders live in ecosystems - homes - undergrowth * Most spiders live only a year or so, molting five or six times before reaching maturity - love trees * Most spiders make a natural fiber that is also called silk - nests - move legs * Most spiders occur in forests * Most spiders possess bodies - cobwebs - sex * Most spiders prey on diamondback moth larvae - primarily interact with the world through tactile sensation * Most spiders produce silk draglines and excreta as they move through the environment - pull prey - put their eggs into silk sacs - relate to tarantulas - release thread - rely on vision * Most spiders require environments - resemble spiders - rest on web * Most spiders run across bathroom floors - ceilings * Most spiders seek prey - shelter * Most spiders seize arthropods - sense presence - serve as pests * Most spiders sit in web - on trees * Most spiders spin sticky webs to catch insects to eat - which they use to capture insects - webs to catch their prey, or at least lie passively in wait - spread web - suck food - swallow food * Most spiders thrive in environments - ground - throw web * Most spiders touch front legs * Most spiders use legs - rear legs - silk to make webs to trap or drop on prey - venom to kill their prey - webs to catch prey - vary the thickness and stickiness of their silk for different uses * Most spiders wait for caterpillars - walk on legs * Some spider mites cause damage - extensive damage - damage trees - destroy gardens - infest marigolds - spin thread * Some spiders adapt to habitats - pressure - various habitats * Some spiders also eat omnivorous leafroller larvae, mealybugs, mites, and thrips - have spiracles - inject enzymes that liquefy the prey - appear in holes - are able to detect and catch a flying butterfly in mid-air * Some spiders are active hunters that chase and overpower their prey - hunters, such as wolf spiders, jumping spiders or crab spiders - cannibalized by their mates - expert trappers - harmful to humans because they hurt people or domestic animals - inside bushes * Some spiders are located at ceilings - treetops * Some spiders are located in environments - houses - rainforests - malignant and are used by spammers to harvest email addresses - member of families - so rudimentary that they create more work than they eliminate - very attractive to look at - voracious and eat nearly anything of the right size - web spinners * Some spiders attack plants - sheep * Some spiders attract animals - mice * Some spiders avoid people - become pets - belong to families * Some spiders bite animals - cattle - dogs - girls - goats - livestock - rabbits - tails * Some spiders build frames - tents underwater * Some spiders build their webs on the ground - where flying insects including butterflies can be trapped - trapdoors under which they lie in wait for unsuspecting prey * Some spiders can bite humans and cause severe physical reactions - live most of their lives under water in bubble webs - only see the difference between light and shadow * Some spiders carry sacs * Some spiders cause death - injuries - visible injuries - chase down or pounce on their prey instead - check where a word is placed in a document - come to surfaces - consume beetles - descend from treetops - develop resistance * Some spiders die after laying the eggs - of hunger * Some spiders dig burrows - deep burrows - homes under the ground - do damage * Some spiders eat animals - bees - enemies - fish - grasshoppers - many other small animals - other animals - partners - pollen - proteins - silverfishs - woodlouses - emerge in springs - engage in care * Some spiders enter buildings - fields - even produce an ultraviolet silk to attract insects * Some spiders feed on nectar * Some spiders feel vibration - wind - find burrows - flip on their backs to molt, while others lay on their sides - generate pressure - get their food almost exclusively by stealing it from other spiders * Some spiders go through incomplete metamorphosis - simple metamorphosis - grow into adults * Some spiders has-part exoskeletons - jaws * Some spiders have antennas - appearances - better vision than others - body size - book lungs - claws at the end of each leg - crevices - cuticles - defense mechanisms - differences - external sex organs - fresh water - gills - habitat requirements - life stages - muscles - reputations - senses - small crevices - specific habitat requirements - spines - spots - teeth - tracheae - undersides - unique defense mechanisms - up to six or eight or twelve eyes - help scientists - hide and pounce on their prey * Some spiders hide in corners - flowers - rubbish * Some spiders hunt animals * Some spiders inhabit areas - farmland - outdoor areas - tundra - inject venom - invade residences - jump and pounce - keep web * Some spiders kill children - cockroaches - dangerous spiders * Some spiders live for several years * Some spiders live in Alabama - Canada - Missouri - Namibia - Nebraska - Tennessee - boxes - countries - crops - different countries - furniture - greenhouses - islands - meadows - nests and some spiders live in webs * Some spiders live on ground - underground or on the ground * Some spiders look like adults - quite spectacular when taken out of their natural habitat - lose limbs - love food * Some spiders make a refuge of silk into which they retreat - specialty of hunting for prey below the surface of ponds - tunnels in the ground with escape routes in case of intruders * Some spiders manage to use the 'signalling snare' technique of a web without spinning a web at all - signaling-snare technique of a web without spinning a web at all * Some spiders occur in Africa - Florida - Mexico - caves - only go a couple of levels deep - perform elaborate mating dances, while others present their mates with gifts * Some spiders play in environments - walls - pose threats * Some spiders possess bands - toxins - prefer food - prey upon woodlouses - produce different webs when young than when mature * Some spiders reach adulthood - full maturity * Some spiders release enzymes - reproduce during periods - require chemicals - resemble crabs - rest on islands - result in damage - secrete pheromone - seek mates * Some spiders share ancestors - common ancestors * Some spiders share same ancestors - show variation - sit in trees * Some spiders sit on flowers - spin silk webs, and others line their burrows with silk * Some spiders spin webs to catch their prey - while others merely stalk their prey - spread diseases - steal food from other spiders - store food * Some spiders suck blood - threaten trees * Some spiders thrive in conditions - dry conditions * Some spiders use fangs - methods - web snares to trap prey and all construct a silk sac to deposit eggs * Some spiders wait for butterflies - prey to get caught in their webs while others actually hunt for prey * Travel to sites with rich information about spiders. * also bear a set of special abdominal limbs that they use to spin silk - catch other insects, like mosquitos and flies - clean themselves sporadically whilst feeding - crush thier prey with their chelicerae * also eat flies and mosquitoes which carry diseases - many insects that bother humans, such as mosquitoes and cockroaches * also have extra tools called spinnerets - in the joints of their limbs sensors that detect forces and vibrations - natural enemies such as wasps, birds and reptiles - lack wings and antennae - make draglines out of the same sticky, liquid silk - prey on numerous insect pests - produce venom they inject through fangs to quickly kill and digest prey - seem to like nesting in the bunchs of fruit - spend a lot of time grooming their legs - use their silk as parachutes and to shelter themselves and their young * apprehend their prey in a variety of ways. * are R-strategists. * are a common part of their diet - lineage of predominantly aggressive and distinctly territorial hermits - actually more closely related to lobsters * are also arachnids - common inhabitants of old cocoons - know to feed upon the young nymphs - very effective in controlling household insects - always a great concern when they are found inhabiting in the same place as people * are among the first to arrive due to their amazing abilities at dispersal and colonization - main predators of any land community, and they are very numerous - an important and fascinating part of our natural environment - arachnids, a group which includes all mites - arthopods, members of the class Arachnida - arthropod relatives of insects * are beneficial because they eat many insects that themselves can be harmful to our gardens - but one example of species with more primitive reproductive organs - cannibalistic * are capable of detecting chemical cues produced by insect prey - producing tremendous amounts of silk during their lifetimes - chelicerates and therefore arthropods - classified as invertebrates - common, but few people stop to observe their beauty or watch their behavior - commonly mistaken for insects * are creepy creatures - in that they usually appear so subtly * are different from insects, spiders have eight legs and insect only have six legs - endemic to every continent except Antarctica - exclusively carnivorous, seizing only live prey - extremely important in keeping insect populations under control - fanglike to penetrate prey, inject poison - found all over the world, from the tropics to the Arctic - general predators that feed on small insects and other arthropods * are generally carnivorous and feed only on living prey - shy and try to avoid contact with humans, and for good reason - helpful to people because they eat harmful insects * are important biological control agents of animal and plant pests - in controlling insect pests in most agricultural crops - in a different Order than mites - insectivores, sure, but many also have a taste for plants * are located in basements - cellars - closets - cupboards - garages - mail boxs - major predators of insects, including many insects that are pests to humans - members of the large arthropod group called arachnids - most visible and cause the most concern in the fall, when they often move into homes - mostly solitary - none too common * are numerous and live worldwide - occur worldwide - of separate sexes * are often confused with insects, but spiders have two body regions and eight legs - extremely abundant in terms of their populations - present as well - oviparous, which means their young come from eggs - part of the Arachnid animal group - practically everywhere - predatory and prey mostly on insects - programs * are quite versatile and they do well in all types of habitat - weak, but still very annoying - shy and non-aggressive, and prefer to be left alone - similar to insects but have eight legs and no antennae - small eight-legged creatures - solitary hunters, though exceptions can be made - superb insect predators - synonymous with Robots, as are Wanderers - territorial animals who prefer to live by themselves individually - the largest group of arachnids - tireless * are useful in keeping down pest insect populations - models for the study of evolution - venomous animals * are very common and inhabit a variety of different habitats - important predators in many ecosystems - interesting and much-maligned animals - sensitive to vibrations, especially in their webs - shy creatures - soft bodied and shrivel terribly if left to dry like insect specimens - well known for capturing and consuming all types of insects, including many pests * are, by far, the most important predator of insects in the world. * attack beetles * avoid vinegar's acid. * belong to a class of animals called arachnids. * belong to the class Arachnida - order Araneae - when they're squeezed between fabric and skin * blend into their living environment. * build webs from silk produced in their abdomen * can also serve as cockroach predators - be advantageous to man in that they help to control the insect population - control stored-grain pests, bedbugs, cotton worms and pea aphids, to name a few - dig deeper - easily find their way in through even the smallest holes - get very large - have zero to twelve eyes - live anywhere they can find food like fields, woods, swamps, caves and deserts - make bridges for themselves - overwinter in any stage of their development - range in size from extremely small to very large - regrow missing legs or parts of legs - repeatedly bite - run rapidly - sense a flying insect from several centimetres - spin silken web from a pair of specialized glands in the abdomen - walk on water * catch and eat their prey and are also caught and eaten by their enemies * catch their food in a lot of different ways - unsuspecting prey with their sticky webs * change little during growth, except in size. * come in a variety of brilliant colors - many shapes, sizes, colors, and have many different habitats * commonly lose legs in encounters with predators or conspecifics. * complex crater in Western Australia. * constantly make a chirping noise. * construct irregular webs * consume many different kinds of insects, but they themselves are prey to other animals - only liquids * create and use silk - silk with the help of tiny glands on their rear-ends * depend on silk throughout their lives. * differ from insects by lacking compound eyes and wings - in the number of spinnerets, most having six but some have two or four * diligently spin strand after strand of web, then wait for their prey to encounter the web. * do best under conditions of high humidity and moderate temperatures - fight when they meet * don t always make permanent homes. * eat a lot of insects that are agricultural pests and eat our food - bugs, so get used to buying crickets or other appropriate insects at the pet store - grasshoppers that destroy crops * eat insects and some pest species - that happen to fly into it's web - which carry diseases and ones which destroy crops - many small caterpillars - millions of insects a year - mosquitoes, flies and ants * eat other animals * enlarge abd repair their webs before bad weather. * excrete insoluble guanine crystals to conserve precious water. * exhibit varying levels of sociality. * feed mostly on insects but some capture and eat tadpoles, small frogs, small fish and mice - off of dead insects * feed on common indoor pests, such as roaches, earwigs, mosquitoes, flies and clothes moths * feed on insects and other small invertebrates - which become entangled in their webs - the body fluids of their prey - primarily on insects and other spiders * flexibly chooses aggressive mimicry signals for different prey by trial and error. * float into the area on silken threads. * forage together in the treetops, often quite actively. * foretell events by writing in their webs. * form when tiny blood vessels close to the skin's surface dilate or break. * frequently capture bees in their webs. * get into the house do so through cracks and crevices. * give off a very powerful type of chemical when they are ready to mate. * grow by shedding their skeleton and replacing it with a bigger one - through an incomplete metamorphosis * has two motors for driving the legs. * hatch from eggs - in the spring or fall * have a body of two distinct sections - generally bad reputation - great range of variation and lifestyle, although all are predatory - life cycle, and reproduce by laying many eggs - number of eyes - peculiar system by which they move their legs - separate head and body which are joined by a narrow waist - set of appendages on their faces called pedipalps - single-chambered, tubular heart, arteries and veins but no capillaries - unique craft known as spinning - more precisely, spinning silk * have an exoskeleton, or an outside covering - open, blood circulatory system - outside skeleton - both sticky and non-sticky strands in their webs * have different habitats - means of obtaining their prey - ways of catching their prey * have eight eyes, eight legs, two body parts, outside skeletons, and fangs - jointed legs and two body parts * have eight legs and insects have only six - two main body parts - usually have eight eyes * have eight legs but ants, bees, beetles and other insects have only six legs - beetles and other insects only have six - legs, insects have only six - tiny eyes - walking legs and insects have six - fangs that are used to inject poison to paralyze or kill their prey - habitats where they are born and where they live - heart rates of thirty beats a minute - needs of webbing - neither wings nor antennae * have no antennae, only two body parts and eight legs - bones, Yet they live in many zones - one , two , or three pairs of spinnerets - only two body divisions and eight legs - poisonous glands which open from the chelicerae - seven-segmented legs and most have two or three claws - six spigots for spinning silk, and they mix their fluids to regulate the composition - small hairs on their legs that they can hear with * have special chelicerae which have been modified as fangs for feeding - grip pads on the bottom of their feet - mouth parts, or jaws, called chelicerae, that look like farngs - spinnarets towards the rear of their underbellies - strategies at different ends of a scale - the mandibles converted into poison fangs, or falcers * have their own names, just like browsers - version of lungs to get oxygen from the air - transparent blood * have two body regions cephalothorax and abdomen - clearly distinct from one another, separated by a thin waist - in contrast to insects which have three - segments, the abdomen and the cephalothorax - segments and flies have three segments * have unique characteristics - mouthparts comprised of chelicerae, or jaws, that end in fangs * help control garden pests - insect pests that destroy our crops - curtail disease spread - greatly to control insects that destroy crops or carry diseases * hide in gardens * hunt for food - other insects, so they keep the overall creepy crawlie population down * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - cytoplasm - nuclei - plasma membranes - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * inject venom into the body of a captured insect to paralyze it. * is an arachnoid - another medicine that varies greatly from tribe to tribe - known in many cultures as the weaver of language, and of the world * is the clever and mischievous character in African folklore - guardian of the ancient languages and alphabets * just knowing how to make a web is the same. * keep a web secure by constantly checking it - the fly and mosquito populations down * know how to move around a Web. * lay eggs for their reproduction * like to live in dark places and they also tend to live in the web that it created - nest inside, and they can block gas * live all over the world. * live almost anywhere - everywhere, including inside homes and buildings * live in all sorts of environments - almost every habitat on earth - every habitat except for the polar regions and the oceans - the bark and the leaf litter hunting and laying traps for other microorganisms * look different depending upon their habitat. * mainly produce silk to spin webs. * make a habit of catching insects that fly around their web - variety of silks as lifelines to food, survival and communication - different webs in different places to trap many kinds of prey - egg sacs, however, there are several different methods the spiders use - great pets for kids - many different kinds of silk, which are used for different purposes - silk webs as snares to catch prey and to hold egg sacs - their egg sacs with silken threads shaped like a ball - webs that link sites across the world * mites -The leaves are speckled with tiny, pale dots - a concern in peanut fields * mites a problem in hot, dry weather - low humidity areas * mites cause discoloration and speckling of holly foliage - green leaf color to take on a stippled appearance - devour plants with wild abandon and are closely related to spiders - disperse by crawling and by airborne movement - feed and reproduce on the underside of leaves * mites feed on a wide range of ornamental plants - plant sap and prefer to live on the leaf underside * mites feed on the foliage leaving it looking rough and speckled - of host plants, sucking the sap - leaves of strawberries and ornamentals - plant juices, resulting in leaves appearing puckered and sandblasted - underside of leaves by sucking plant sap - with piercing mouth parts, which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled - frequently attack severely during dry years * mites in dry areas, leaf spotting - locations - sites and dry years - very hot and dry periods - infest pansies stressed by hot, dry conditions - lack chewing or piercing-sucking mouthparts * mites like a hot, sunny area, the same as pyracanthas - dry, hot conditions - the heat and hate a windy environment - live and feed on a wide variety of plants grown in Nevada gardens - love heat and stagnant, non-moving air - mature in the spring time in as little as one week * mites on conifers and broad-leaved evergreens are cool weather pests - honeylocust, linden, elm, willow, and oak are destructive in the summer - only survive because of their sheer numbers - overwinter as adults in fencerows and woodlots - peak in the summer months and flourish in the heat * mites puncture cells and extract plant juices mainly on the lower surface - plant tissue with piercing mouthparts to feed on plant juices - suck plant juices with their piercing-sucking mouthparts * mites thrive in hot and dry conditions - under warm and dry conditions - when it's hot and dusty * mites, in particular, are the biggest problem to the indoor or hydroponic grower - on the other hand, are much harder to spot because they are so tiny * move indoors seeking warmth * occur in a large range of sizes * often attach highly visible silk bands, called decorations or stabilimenta, to their webs - their web between a bush and the nearby grass - convert nitrogenous waste into uric acid - eat part of their web - kills the male after mating - spend a fair bit of time grooming their legs - spin their webs across gaps around doors to capture insects trying to enter - wrap their prey in a thick coat of web * only bite when disturbed - have two parts to their body - use the biting and the venom to make their prey immobile * paralyze prey with neurotoxic venom of some sort. * perform cannibalism under a range of circumstances. * play an important predatory role in many ecosystems - role in nature by keeping insect populations under control - the important role of general predator in ecosystems - booklungs * possess eight legs , in contrast to insects, who possess only six - compared with the six of the insects * prefer areas with high humidity and stable temperatures - quiet undisturbed areas - quiet, undisturbed areas such as closets, garages, basements, and attics * prey on almost any insect that comes within their range * produce a silk-like thread from six spinnerets located on the abdomen - strong silk that they use to construct webs for trapping prey * produce enzymes to predigest their prey - they prey - several types of silk from different types of spinning glands * produce silk from glands called spinnerets - their spinneret glands located at the tip of their abdomen - that is secreted as a liquid through the spinnerets and hardens on air contact - silks that are astonishingly strong * produce up to seven different types of silk, each with distinct mechanical properties - webs but do so to catch prey * protect themselves from their natural enemies. * range in size from barely visible to many inches across. * rank just behind bees and wasps as the most feared arthropod. * reproduce by laying eggs contained in an egg sac - in a silken egg sac - their eggs in a sac - sexually and fertilization is internal but indirect - sexually, but males use an unusual method to transfer their sperm to a mate - year round in tropical regions * roam floors. * search out living conditions free of scent and vibrations. * send out long strands of silken thread that are caught by the wind. * serve an important role as predators feeding on insects and small animals * shake their heads and laugh when they're having a good time. * soft shell crab delicacy. * sometimes die right after their spiderlings hatch - take up a position near insect activity to capture strays * spend most of their lives searching for food - their summer eating a lot of insects and growing * spin a web - short webs - silken chambers to cover eggs and for protective retreats - the fine silk threads from glands in their bodies * spin their webs from solutions of polypeptides in water - of liquid silk, which solidifies as it comes out of specialized glands - webs, mirrored with spray * spinning their webs is both innate and stereotyped. * squeeze out a long thin silk filament to construct their webs. - the fluids from their live prey and therefore have a sucking stomach for that purpose * survive in every habitat on land except the very coldest. * tend to be good parents. * try to protect and defend themselves from their enemies. * two-deck solitaire game. * use a combination of an exoskeleton for protection and fluid pressure for movement - camouflage to blend in with colors and patterns - dragline silk to form the guylines and framework for wheel-shaped orb webs - fangs to bite their prey - many ways to catch, eat, and digest their prey * use pedipalps as copulatory organs - to hold and chew food * use silk in mating activities, too - threads for all sorts of purposes, from lining their nests to catching prey * use silk to capture prey, line burrows, and protect eggs - protect their eggs - raise young, make homes, and hunt prey - spin in and to make webs to catch food - their fangs to inject venom into their prey * use their silk to make webs, wrap prey, wrap their eggs, and as a safety line - spin webs, construct their egg sacs and build shelters - venom as a defense mechanism and to immobilize their prey * use their webs to catch prey - their prey and to defend themselves - venom to subdue their prey * uses other organs. * usually eat insects. * usually have a round or oblong body and eight legs - six fingerlike silk glands called spinnerets located beneath their abdomen - live in underground burrows and only surface to feed or mate * vary widely in color, shape, size, and habits. * veins and varicose veins are different forms of the same thing. * veins can be a sign of more severe leg vein disease - cause burning, itching, and a feeling of heaviness in the legs - typically appear on the legs - usually take on one of three basic patterns - vary in size and often look like a spider's web * veins, for instance, are actually small capillaries commonly found on the face or legs. * view HTML code as a means of describing the structure of information. * weave webs to catch passing insects. * work only for themselves, but bees work for others - overtime feeding on harmful insects + Brown recluse spider, Description, Appearance * Male and female brown recluses can be identified once the spider has molted several times. Spiders have a set of appendages on their faces called pedipalps. The pedipalps on the male have much larger ends than the ones on females. These fattened pedipalps serve as the sex organs for the male. The female has her sex organs on the underside of her body. This is perhaps the only way to easily tell a male from a female. Scientists who study brown recluses and their relatives can even identify relatives of the brown recluse by studying the shapes of the sex organs. + Ear: sensory system * The 'ear' is the part of the body that lets people hear. Some animals, like people and most vertebrates, have two ears, but some animals do not hear through ears. Spiders have small hairs on their legs that they can hear with. + Evolution of the eye: Eye :: Evolutionary biology * A jumping spider. Spiders have a number of eyes. + Silk: Fibers :: Cloth + Spider web: Arachnids * A 'spider web' is a sticky net that spiders make from silk to trap their prey. When insects fly or crawl into the web, they get stuck and the spider eats them. Most spider webs are very thin, but are also very strong. Different kinds of spiders make different types of webs. Spiders make different webs in different places to trap many kinds of prey. + Spider, Anatomy, Spider eyes and other senses * Spiders and other arthropods have modified their cuticles into elaborate arrays of sensors. Various sensors, mostly bristles, respond to touch, from strong contact to very weak air currents. Chemical sensors provide equivalents of taste and smell. Spiders also have in the joints of their limbs sensors that detect forces and vibrations. In web-building spiders all these mechanical and chemical sensors are more important than the eyes, while the eyes are most important to spiders that hunt actively. Like most arthropods, spiders lack balance sensors, and rely on their eyes to tell them which way is up. + Spider, Behaviour, Methods of catching prey * Most spiders are predators, they capture prey. But spiders use very many different ways of catching things - Some spiders are not predators * Young spiders of several families feed on plant nectar. Studies have shown that they do this for long periods. They also clean themselves regularly while feeding. These spiders also prefer sugar solutions to plain water, which shows that they are looking for nutrients. Many spiders are nocturnal, they are most active during the night. The extent of nectar consumption by spiders may therefore have been under-estimated. Nectar contains amino acids, lipids, vitamins and minerals in addition to sugars. Studies have shown that other spider species live longer when nectar is available. Feeding on nectar also avoids the risks of struggles with prey, and the costs of producing venom and digestive enzymes - Reproduction and life cycle * Spiders reproduce sexually and fertilization is internal but indirect. In other words the sperm is not inserted into the female's body by the male's genitals but by an intermediate stage. Instead, they spin small sperm webs on to which they ejaculate and then transfer the sperm to structures on the tips of their pedipalps + Spinneret * A 'spinneret' is the part of a spider's body that makes its silk. Spiders have one, two, or three pairs of spinnerets. The spinnerets are usually close together. + Spiracle: Insects	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Black spider * Most black spiders go through phases. * Most black spiders prey on insects * Some black spiders belong to families<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Black widow * Most black widows live only one year, but they can live up to three years. * are by far the most common poisonous spider bite in the United States - famous for the colored, hourglass-shaped mark on their abdomens - identified by red hourglass marking on the underside of their abdomens - nocturnal and spin webs during daytime * are shiny black in color - with a red hourglass mark on the belly * are shy and like dark places - in nature - the largest of the irregular web-weaving spiders - tiny spiders that live all over the U.S. and throughout the world * bite humans that contact their web. * eat insects that become caught in their webs. * feed on insects, centipedes and other spiders. * have shiny black or brown bodies with a red hourglass on underbelly. * inhabit dark corners and spin loose, random webs. * inject a neuro toxin that can cause severe muscle spasms. * mating occurs in springtime into early summer. * mature in two to four months. * process their food outside of their bodies. * produce messy, irregular webs. * spin a large web where the female suspends a cocoon that can contain hundreds of eggs. * start out life as small white spiders with patches of yellow. Brown spider * Most brown spiders have structures - occur in regions * Some brown spiders bite humans - have reputations Camel spider * Some camel spiders have reputations. * Some camel spiders share ancestors - common ancestors * Some camel spiders share same ancestors * eat or chew on people while they sleep. Cellar spider * Most cellar spiders have eyes - fangs - glands - legs * Most cellar spiders have long legs - thin legs - venom glands * Some cellar spiders avoid predators - have brown stripes, or chevron marking on the ventral side of their body - look like adults * are tan or gray in color. * can be a nuisance around homes and businesses, despite their harmless nature. * do have short fangs, termed uncate by spider experts.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Crab spider * Most crab spiders have eyes. * Some crab spiders are yellow or white and sit up on flowers where they wait for prey. * are hunters and ambushers. Some species sit on or among flowers, bark, fruit or leaves where they grab visiting insects. Platnick, Norman I. 2010. American Museum of Natural History'. * Some species are disguised as birds' droppings resting on a leaf. Even at a close range, it is difficult to tell the difference. Crab spiders live in rainforests all over the world. They get their name from the way they scuttle around, like small crabs - able to walk backwards and sideways as well as forwards * can change to yellow, pink or white to match the flowers where they hunt for insects. * can walk forward, backward, and sideways just like a crab - sideways and backwards like crabs * catch their prey by ambush. - their legs directed forwards, so they resemble crabs - two pairs of legs projecting forward * lurk in flowers ambushing unlucky insects. * resemble crabs and walk backwards and sideways like crabs. * spin no webs. * wait camouflaged simply as a part of the plant - for insects to approach the flower - in ambush for unsuspecting insects to come by Different spider * have different habitats. * weave different-shaped webs. Female spider * Some female spiders are so much bigger than the males that they sometimes eat their mates. * are induced to build nests on bamboo frames which are then used as fishing nets - often much bigger than males - usually larger than the males and only mate once * can carry the egg sac wherever they go or deposit it in a web. * devour their mates after fertilization. * wrap their eggs in a silken spun sac.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Fishing spider * can run over the surface of the water by utilizing special hairs on their feet. * do so by taking advantage of surface tension. * eat small insects, tadpoles and little fish. * stalk prey on land, on water and below the surface. * walk on water, and can even dive below the surface to catch food. Garden spider * Most garden spiders eat mantises - hide during the day then recline in their web at night * Some garden spiders do damage - resemble crabs House spider * are susceptible to moisture, which ultimately leads to a high mortality. * spin their webs in dark corners of moist rooms and outdoors.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Huntsman spider * Most huntsman spiders have legs. * Some huntsman spiders enter houses - live for years * are as big as a man's fist but harmless - giant crab spiders * are large, fast spiders distributed in warm climates throughout the world - long-legged spiders - timid spiders and bites are infrequent * can live for more than two years. * feed on a variety of arthropods, insects, frogs, and small lizards. * have eight small eyes which are patterned in two rows - large, hairy bodies with eight long legs * is the only spider which is capable to run up vertical surfaces. * run at a very high speed. Jump spider * Most jump spiders have legs - vision * Some jump spiders eat spiders - have appearances * attack beetles - soldier beetles Larger spider * Many larger spiders find shelter in burrows they dig in the soil. * can find millions of web sites per day. Male spider * are often smaller than the female spiders - sometimes much smaller than the females - usually smaller than female spiders * employ pedipalps like syringes. * have no external sex organs - two palpi in front of the first pair of legs * seek out a female when they are ready to mate. * use modified appendages called pedipalps to mate with females - their front appendages to transmit sperm to the female, who later lays eggs Mite spider * Most mite spiders go through development - have ranges * Some mite spiders cause injuries - visible injuries - develop resistance * Some mite spiders have life stages * Some mite spiders reach full maturity - result in damage Peacock spider * Most peacock spiders eat crickets. * are much the same. Poisonous spider * Some poisonous spiders bite predators. * are some of the shyest - very rare in Wisconsin * live all over the world. * possess poison to kill their prey. Recluse spider * are brown or brown-yellow - found in many parts of the world and have been introduced into Australia - most active at night when they hunt - poisonous spiders - rare outside their native range and are widely over-reported * have six eyes arranged in three pairs in a semicircle on the forepart of the head - the same type of jaw and fangs, and are actually a bit smaller	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| spider: Tarantula * All tarantulas are furry - can make silk - smell with their feet - undergo molting, during which they shed their exoskeletons in order to grow * Get all the facts about the different speciies and habitats of tarantulas. * Many Tarantulas live in burrows underground. * Many tarantulas are brown, while others are multicolored - make burrows in soil - prefer to live in the ground, instead of in a web or in a tree * Most tarantulas are relatively harmless, with venom equivalent to a bee sting - belong to genus - can acclimate to accommodate moderate temperature fluctuations * Most tarantulas eat animals - small animals - find in rainforests * Most tarantulas have abdomens - bare abdomens - eyesights - hard exoskeletons - mouths - patterns - poor eyesights - upper abdomens - kill animals * Most tarantulas live for many years * Most tarantulas live in burrows - the tropics - possess fangs - produce silk - reach adulthood * Most tarantulas rely on instinct - senses * Most tarantulas reside in desert habitats - rocky habitats * Most tarantulas suffer death - painful death * Some tarantulas also live in desserts - are easier to care for than others - become pets - bite people * Some tarantulas can be as large as a dinner plate - go a few months without feeding - cross roads - detect vibration - develop mechanisms * Some tarantulas eat frogs - mice - emerge from skin * Some tarantulas feed on reptiles - small reptiles - find in deserts - get vitamins - grow as large as dinner plates * Some tarantulas have behavior - large bodies - more toxic venom - stripes - white stripes - lead lifestyle * Some tarantulas live in underground burrows in well-drained soil - lose limbs - receive food - result in death - secrete digestive enzymes - submerge cheliceras - survive in climates * Some tarantulas thrive in conditions - warm tropical conditions. * Some tarantulas hunt prey in trees and some hunt on the ground. All tarantulas can make silk. They use silk to make shelters like tube tents in trees, to line burrows if they live on the ground, and they all use silk to wrap up prey before they eat it. These spiders are found in warmer regions around the world. * are eaten by big snakes and the Tarantula eating wasp. Defenses are camouflage and fangs * also can flick hairs toward an agressor that cause a pruritic dermatitis - continue molting after reaching adulthood - have silk glands in their feet - use urticating hairs to establish their territories, and also for making the cocoon * always put themselves in the best possible position before they strike. * are Missouri's largest spider, but also one of the shyest - among the largest spiders in the world and perhaps the most feared - apples - capable of producing silk and can use it for similar purposes, depending on species - extremely delicate - fairly undemanding creatures to keep, provided that their basic requirements are met * are found in temperate, desert and tropical habitats worldwide - world-wide on every continent except for Antarctica - generally non-aggressive - incapable to ingest their prey in a solid form - invertebrate arachnids - large, furry spiders that range from light brown to almost black in color * are large, hairy spiders found mainly in the tropics - that are nocturnal predators - native to North Dakota - normally long-lived creatures - notorious escape artists - oviparous - predators and eat other invertebrates - rather thin-skinned creatures, particularly around the abdomen - sensitive to vibrations and hunt at night by touch - slow and deliberate movers, but accomplished nocturnal predators - tan to reddish brown to black in color with a hairy body and legs * are the biggest of all of the arachnids - type of spider in the world - gentle giants of our spider world - largest and hairiest spiders in the United States - typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom - venomous, but many species produce no more of a reaction in people than a bee sting * are very delicate creatures - hairy with sharp bristles - large specialized spiders that attract a lot of attention - sensitive to chemicals * attack prey. * become active in the late afternoon from spring through fall. * begin life as eggs in egg sacs before hatching and leaving their mothers' burrows. * can become pets in our homes because they can be tamed - go for weeks without food because of their low metabolism rate - regenerate lost legs - survive for months without feeding * catch food * cause burning and itching and maybe a paralysis, but they are never deadly. * come from all over the world - out of their burrows ar dusk * consume insects. * defend themselves by throwing needle-like, barbed hairs at their attackers. - frogs, small snakes, beetles, lizards, and even bats - insects, but also other spiders - scorpions, by the way, which can be far more harmful * extend their legs using blood pressure rather than muscles. * generally live in burrows or trees. * give some people the creeps because of their large, hairy bodies and legs. * go out of their houses and walk around in search for food. * have a strong sense of revenge - varied diet in the wild consisting of both invertebrate and vertebrate prey - also been know to eat baby mice and even fish in captivity - eight legs - enemies - fangs that move from side to side - few natural enemies, but parasitic pepsis wasps are a formidable exception - four slits in their abdomen which absorb oxygen into their blood - long, needle-like fangs - retractable claws on each leg, like cats - strong exteriors known as exoskeletons - tails - tiny hairs on their abdomens that can cause itching and irritation to humans * have two million hairs per square centimeter - pairs of book lungs - typical methods of defense - very sensitive bodies and are prone to injury easily * hawk wasps feed on nectar and pollen. * hide during the day and hunt at night. * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - cytoplasm - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * inject a paralysing venom into prey with their large fangs - their venom using fangs located on their chelicerea - the forests of Chile where they dig burrows in the ground - warm areas around the world - mainly in burrows in the ground and they only come out to hunt at night - mostly in desert areas, feeding on young poisonous snakes * look frightening but their venom is very mild. * mainly eat insects and other arthropods, and they can fast for up to a month. * make interesting pets and can be useful as well. * molt as many as nine times in some species - frequently before maturity, as often as every few weeks when very young * move quickly for short bursts and inject their prey with venom in order to paralyze it - their jaws vertically, or up and down * occur in a variety of colors, sizes and habitats - throughout Texas and are common in grasslands and semi-open areas * often appear sluggish, but can move quickly when necessary - shed their hair repeatedly during their lives * range in size from only an inch or so to relative giants measuring nearly a foot across. * reproduce sexually through the joining of sperm and egg. * take several years to reach full size. * undergo a series of such molts at various developmental stages. * use blood pressure, as well as muscles, to move their legs. * use their legs to flick the loose hairs on their backs toward predators - venom to dissolve their prey into a liquid to be sucked up like soup * usually live in burrows in the ground. * utilize their venom as a secondary line of defense against predators.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| spider \| tarantula: Blue tarantula * Most blue tarantulas have abdomens * possess fangs. Male tarantula * Most male tarantulas have abdomens. * are longer and slimmer than females and have much smaller abdomens than females - sexually mature after their final molt * leave the female's territory soon after mating to avoid being killed or eaten. Water spider * Some water spiders can walk on water without sinking. * breathe air. * build bubble nests to house their young. * live their lives under water but still breathe air. * use silk to house their eggs while underwater. Widow spider * Most widow spiders go through phases. * Most widow spiders prey on insects - other insects * Some widow spiders belong to families - bite people - cause death * are most likely to bite if there are eggs present in the web - poisonous spiders - well known for their potentially dangerous bite * belong to the cobweb spider family and spin loosely organized trap webs. * feed on a wide variety of arthropods. * prefer to nest near the ground, in dark, undisturbed areas. Wolf spider * Many wolf spiders are large, sometimes they have body lengths of around one inch - have very long copulations with many many insertions * Most wolf spiders catch prey - eat prey - feed on insects - have legs - wait for prey * Some wolf spiders dig burrows - live in burrows * hunt for food. * inhabit ranges. Young spider * Most young spiders mature to adults in about one year. * use the catkin-like oak flowers as niches, where they trap small insect meals.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod: Tardigrade * All tardigrades possess a bucco-pharyngeal apparatus, a complex structure. * Some tardigrades are carnivores - entirely carnivorous. * have a cylindrical shape with four segments, each with two legs. Each of their limbs have little claws. The biggest adults may reach a body length of 1.2 mm, the smallest below 0.1 mm. Freshly hatched larvae may be smaller than 0.05 mm. Tardigrades feed on plant cells by penetrating the cell wall and eating what is inside. Some tardigrades are carnivores. * are able to live in environments that would kill most animals. In 2007, scientists discovered that some tardigrades were able to survive 10 days in outer space. Tardigrades can survive more than ten years without water. Tardigrates can survive a few hours in temperatures close to absolute zero and above boiling point - phylum of invertebrates of uncertain phylogenetic relationship - by far the toughest animals on Earth - impressive organisms - macroinvertebrates living in and on lichens - microscopic, water-dwelling, segmented animals with eight legs - minute animals often found on lichens and mosses - oviparous , and fertilization is usually external - potential extremophiles - prey for amoebas, nematodes, and other tardigrades - tiny, bear-shaped animals that nestle in damp moss or ponds * assemblages from an altitudinal transect in Venezuela. * belong to a remarkable phylum of minute multicellular animals. * can survive dry periods by curling up into a little ball called a tun - for almost a decade without exposure to water * exhibit a variety of pigmentations. * express eutely, which means that the number of cells in the body is fixed from birth. - the fluids of plant and animal cells * have a cylindrical shape with four segments , each with two legs - barrel-shaped bodies with four pairs of stubby legs - two forms of dormancy, namely cryptobiosis and encystment * is an arthropod * lack a circulatory system with discrete blood vessels or gas exchange structures. * live in marine, fresh water, and semiaquatic terrestrial environments. * occupy a wide range of niches in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments. + Desiccation, Biology, Extreme cases, Tardigrades: Physiology :: Ecology + Xerophile: Extremophiles :: Ecology	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod \| tardigrade: Terrestrial tardigrade * become active only when surrounded and rehydrated by water. * require a film of water around the body to conduct an active life. Terrestrial arthropod * Most terrestrial arthropods have structures. * Some terrestrial arthropods excrete waste - have tubules - possess tracheae * have an excretory system that conserves water and eliminates waste - internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| arthropod: Trilobite * Most trilobites are small, the average size being perhaps about two or three inches - burrow into sediments * Most trilobites have backs - characteristics - other characteristics - spines * Most trilobites share certain features - unique features * Some trilobites belong to extinct phyla - develop eyes - eat organisms * Some trilobites have antennas - attributes - compound eyes - heads - projectiles - sex - live during periods * Some trilobites live in environments - shallow water - survive fossilization - thrive in environments. * Underneath and rarely preserved are three pairs of legs for the head and paired legs for each pleural groove. Trilobites are the earliest known animal to have vision. Some possessed eyes and some seem to have no eyes at all, while others had eyes made up of many parts that could see all around the animal. Trilobites ranged in length from to , with a typical size range of. The world's largest trilobite, 'Isotelus rex', was found in 1998 by Canadian scientists on the shores of Hudson Bay * appear to be the first form of life to have complex eyes. * are Arthropods - a well-known fossil group of extinct marine arthropods that form the classTrilobita - an important group of extinct marine arthropods characterized by a segmented body - arthropods that no longer live anywhere on earth - arthropods, in the same alliance as modern insects - available in different materials, sizes, and time periods - by far the most abundant of all skeletonized Cambrian metazoans - common, but different fossil assemblages are found in successively younger rocks - comparatively rare after the Devonian * are extinct arthropods known only in fossil form - marine animals which lived gazillions of years ago - famous for their eyes - found as fossils throughout the world * are important guide fossils because their morphology changed frequently - in the stratigraphic subdivision of the period - kind of like a big version of roly-polys - long extinct but jellyfish still swarm the oceans - much larger than the ostracodes - one of the most successful animals to live on Earth - perhaps the most distinctive Palaeozoic fossil - quite popular among fossil collectors and enthusiasts - rare, represented only by the proetids - small marine creatures that are now extinct - the earliest arthropods and are the first known fossils with eyes - possess vision - first, most frequently, discovered lifeforms on Earth - useful in determining the relative age of some sedimentary rocks * become increasingly rare. * first appear in rocks of lower Cambrian age. * have a segmented body that is divided by into three vertical lobes - an older history than the famous dinos, and tell a greater picture of their times - two pleural lobes and an axial lobe in the center * include predators. * includes brains - carapaces - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - shells - skulls - thoraxes - vacuoles * is an arthropod * make their entrance onto the earth's stage during the late Cambrian Period - up one of the most fascinating and diverse groups in the fossil record * possess eyes. * rank among the most important of early animals. * scavenge the ocean bottom for worms and other food. * shed their skin as they grew by molting.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| arthropod: Woodlouse * Most woodlouses eat decay leaves - plants * Most woodlouses feed on decay leaves * Most woodlouses have antennas - glands - prefer areas - survive years * Some woodlouses attack plants - become dry conditions * Some woodlouses eat shed skin * Some woodlouses exhibit behaviour - negative behaviour * Some woodlouses feed on rot vegetation * Some woodlouses have bacteria - gills - heads - spiders - inhabit habitats - live for years * Some woodlouses perform roles - vital roles * Some woodlouses prefer dead leaves - stomachs - carapaces - cells - corpi - pincers - thoraxes * is crustacean that is closely related to lobsters and crabs. ### animal \| arthropod \| woodlouse: Common woodlouse * Most common woodlouses prefer areas. * Some common woodlouses have bacteria Australian animal * Many Australian animals are active at night - shy, hiding when humans make their presence felt * Most Australian animals are nocturnal.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Baby animal * Many baby animals have different names. * Most baby animals chew and mouth things, and ferrets are no exception. * are adorable and fun to play with - magic - much more fleet of foot if they're to survive at all - often cute, cuddly and responsive to attention * are the most common victims, as they can easily die of dehydration - they succumb faster to dehydration * can look very different from their parents. * cry in response to isolation or loneliness, in an effort to locate their parents. * grow up to be adult animals. * have delicate intestinal flora suited only for their mother's milk - no old skin to shed and consequently have no dander * tell what is special about their mothers. Benthic animal * Many benthic animals bind sediments together as fecal pellets that remain at the bottom. * are associated with the ocean bottom. Bigger animal * are generally longer-lived, and they have more leisurely metabolic rates. * depend on smaller animals for food. * eat plants and the smaller animals. * have bigger brains with more neurons. * live longer. * produce many times more eggs than smaller ones. Bilaterian animal * differ from the Cnidaria in three fundamental ways. * have bilateral symmetry and tripoblastic development.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Blastocyst * Many blastocysts fail to implant and die. * Most blastocysts contain fluid - undergo implantations * Some blastocysts come into direct contact - create bubbles - enter states * Some blastocysts have implantations - layers * allow for more informed choices and better control over outcomes. * can develop further only if implanted in a woman's uterus - hatch and implant - split, usually after transfer * develop long, thread-like walls that begin to twist together and form knots. * fertilized egg * includes brains - cell membranes - cleavage cavities - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - segmentation cavities - skulls - trophoblasts - vacuoles Blind animal * Most blind animals function very well. * can even learn to take walks in unfamiliar areas. Bullock * are animals - bulls - cattle - males - young mammals * includes beef - bone cells - breasts - cannon bones - chest cavities - chests - corpi - ground substances - hip sockets - hoofs - horns - marrow - mast cells - piluses - rib cages - second stomachs - sterna * often develop galls on their necks and suffer silently as they toil for their masters. Caged animal * are located in zoos. * can develop illness brought on by swallowing or licking galvanized parts. * depend on their human friends to provide a safe, healthy environment. * do act differently from wild relatives, and differences are discussed.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Calf * All calves are born with horn nubs - eventually have to be vaccinated and weaned * Calves accompany mothers - adopt their mother's status in hierarchy - also take longer to lose brain function after throat cutting - always swim with their mothers * Calves are a lighter colour than the adults - ashen gray to brown with dense, short soft fur - at least a month old before they migrate north with their mothers - big and they eat a lot - born able to swim * Calves are born after a gestation of nine months - long gestation period - eight and a half months after mating - fully formed and are able to swim alongside their mothers immediately - in covered and dry areas and remain concealed for two to three weeks - precocial , needing to be able to swim to the surface at the moment of their birth - the following year * Calves are born throughout the year, with no statistical evidence for birth seasons * Calves are born with shaggy, fawn-coloured fur - spots which are gone by the end of summer - brown and lack spots - clumsy at first with their trunk, but they learn to use it as they grow older - completely nutritionally dependent on their mothers to three months old - dependent upon their mothers tor extended periods - exported to the United States of America - generally able to join the herd within an hour or two after birth * Calves are generally more sensitive to feed contamination than adult cattle - susceptible than cows - given the opportunity to suckle and also to drink water - gray in color and able to swim at birth - in danger from lions, hyenas, and crocodiles - kind of boring, and generally hairy * Calves are likely more vulnerable than adults to such hunters - to be stunned electrically * Calves are more susceptible to serious scours at birth than at any other time - the effects of aflatoxin than adult cattle * Calves are most at risk during cold weather due to their small size - susceptible, but some older animals become carriers - much more susceptible than adult animals to the effects of aflatoxins - naturally active, playful creatures - often the most active animals in a school - older and heavier at weaning - on their feet within hours of birth - one of the toughest areas of the body to target when it comes to growing bigger muscles - precocial at birth, walking shortly after - preyed on by servals, wild cats, civets, jackals, baboons and ratels - red in color when born - reddish in color but darken to adult pelage by their first fall - reddish-tan at birth and change to brown or black at three months - said to bawl, cows moo and bulls bellow - somewhat darker at birth, but lighten gradually within the first month - spotted when born and develop their brown coats in six months - susceptible to numerous pathogens as well as opportunistic infections * Calves are the most likely animals to be infected - offspring of two adult cows - totally dependent on their mother for the first three months * Calves are typically darker than adults - one-third the size of their mothers - variable enough in the fall without having excessively long calving seasons - very hairy compared to adults - weak and have trouble maintaining body temperature * Calves are weaned after about a year - anywhere from one to two years after birth * Calves are weaned at eight months, following which time they join groups of calves of their own age - one year and become independent shortly thereafter - when they are about seven to eight months old - young cows or bulls * Calves become parents - silver-grey, then darken to nearly black, retaining the ventral patches of white - veal - becomes independent at varying ages * Calves begin nibbling on plants within a few weeks of birth - taking solid food a few days after birth * Calves begin to take a few fish at about three to four months - in a few fish at three to four months - bleat when they are lost * Calves born into a cold wet environment loaded with bacteria have a difficult time surviving - to heifers represent one third of all births on the average dairy * Calves can browse and follow their mother at three weeks old and are weaned at five months - die in-utero, at birth, or in the days or weeks after birth - grow to their genetic potential regardless of the dam's milk production - handle stresses much easier if they are still with their mothers - lie down, stand up, groom themselves, and have social contact in a stall - move with the herd when they are about two days old - only eat so much - run with the herd a few hours after birth * Calves can swim at birth - two days after they are born - vocalize within days of birth, but sound production is shaped with age - walk almost immediately after birth * Calves consume amounts - depend on factors * Calves develop bonds - jaws - strong bonds - die if the rains fail to come - display the same patterns but are lighter in colour * Calves drink milk - rich milk * Calves eat grass - hay - in order to gain the necessary nutritional components to live and thrive - solid food as early as two weeks old and are capable of swimming at three weeks old - enter the world tail first and the placenta easily dislodges and floats away - especially are vulnerable to disturbance on terrestrial haulouts - face into the strong tidal currents and swim, going nowhere but gaining strength * Calves feed on mother's milk for a year before being weaned - with shorter or less concentration but more frequently - feeds from their mothers - first start to drink water with their trunks from about three months old - follow mothers - frequently are attacked by bobcats and bears * Calves gain weight in spring and summer in inverse proportion to winter gain - generally prefer milk first, palatable creep feed second, and forage third * Calves get attention - go through stages * Calves graze on grass pasture * Calves grow quickly and are weaned from their mothers in only three to four months - due to the high fat and protein levels in their milk - slowly and reach puberty at a later age than normal - very quickly and at six months are fairly independent of their mothers * Calves have adult coloration - brown fur - characteristics - exposure - fathers - issues - many fringes along the edges of their tongue, believed to be an aid in nursing - predators - scent - shapes - short spikes, but as an animal gets older, antlers increase in size and complexity - virtually no energy stores, and can only meet their needs through food - hide from predators * Calves includes brains - faces * Calves learn necessary skills - survival skills - to make sounds from their mothers - which food to eat by sampling food types they see eaten by other members of the herd - learn, during the course of development, which calls to make and under what circumstances - leave their mothers when they reach maturity - live for years - lose their mothers and start bawling like babies * Calves make a similar call of a higher pitch when in distress - manure - measure at birth - move freely by the end of their first day - nurse for months * Calves obtain milk - the bacteria orally so practices promoting cleanliness are important * Calves often have a bluish colour - play with other manatees - ride on their mothers' backs in the water * Calves prefer milk first, highly palatable creep second, and forage third - to eat downwind - produce a lot of moisture so ventilation is needed in winter as well as in summer * Calves reach adult size - full size * Calves reach sexual maturity in two to three and half years * Calves receive milk - plenty - rely on milk * Calves remain dependent on their dams until weaned by nine months - mothers for up to two years - hidden for much of the time, and are weaned by three months of age - in cover for the first few weeks after birth - tethered overnight - under their mother's care for about a year - with mothers * Calves remain with their mother for just over a year before venturing out on their own - until they are three years old * Calves require a lot of care and nourishment from their mothers if they are to survive - milk from their mother because of the colostrum which their mother's milk contains * Calves retain coloration - tan coloration - return to bermudagrass pasture and have continuous access to alfalfa following weaning - run nearly thirty miles per hour - seem to run in high low cycles - shake heads - shed and replace their natal coat when they are one or two months old - show severe depression, general weakness, arched backs, and inability to stand and nurse - spend much of their time playing with one another - stand and nurse soon after birth * Calves stand on legs - wobbly legs - up within one hour, immediately attempting to suckle * Calves start eating grass younger than one month old - meal at an earlier age, compared to pellets * Calves start to sample their potential foods when they are one to two months old - use their trunks to pick things up from about one week old * Calves stay close to their mothers for two years - mothers, suckling for a year or less and playing together - hidden for up to two months, and are weaned at eight months * Calves stay with moms - their mothers for the first year of their lives * Calves suckle as soon as they can stand and find the mammary glands - for two years then eat solid food * Calves suffer lower mortality * Calves survive first years * Calves survive on food - their mother's fat-rich milk for six to eight months * Calves swim and breathe minutes after birth - close to their mothers and are carried in the mother's slip stream - take care * Calves tend to congregate under tree cover while the mature herd is out grazing - stick close to their mothers and are easily upset by intervention - wean easier due to the fact they are accustomed to people and dry feed - then molt annually - thrive on cow milk - undergo epizootic outbreaks of diarrhoea with high mortality * Calves use milk * Calves usually become independent within a single year - have veal-like meat - nurse about a month before turning to grazing - vocalize at or soon after birth * Calves weigh about lbs - pounds - kgs - over lbs - will have growth * Every calf born in captivity is important for perpetuating the species. * Many calves fall victim to acidosis, bloating and other feed-related problems - perform well when fed all their milk at one feeding a day * Most calves are born head first, front feet extended - in the summer, though some calving occurs throughout the year - fed hay and grain along with their milk - consume milk - continue to nurse for another year after beginning to eat solid food * Most calves develop bonds * Most calves drink milk * Most calves eat grass * Most calves graze on grass pasture * Most calves have adult coloration * Most calves learn skills - make manure * Most calves reach adult size - remain with mothers * Most calves retain coloration * Most calves stand on legs - start milk - stay with mothers * Most calves suffer lower mortality * Most calves survive first years * Most calves survive on food * Most calves use milk * Most calves weigh about lbs * Some calves are easier to work with than others, and some break a lot easier than others - harder to throw than others, others kick and fight and are hard to tie - killed by tigers * Some calves become milk - begin life - benefit from sunlight * Some calves cause injuries - significant injuries * Some calves die before maturity * Some calves die during periods - study periods * Some calves die of problems - respiratory problems - eat vegetation - emerge from water - exhibit sickness - explore habitats - face starvation - fail to thrive because road-induced stress inhibits their mother's milk production - grow in wombs * Some calves have ability - colonization - diarrhea - distinguishable features - fibre - fish hooks * Some calves have light brown coats - protection - reddish coats - thick coats - kick mothers * Some calves live in marine parks - lose weight - make loud sound - move at nights * Some calves pass through birth canals - possess immunity - reach adulthood * Some calves receive diets - saliva - remain mothers - stay predators - suckle for months - weigh about kgs * are animals - body parts - leathers * are part of cattle - shanks - skeletal muscles - solid objects * are young cows - mammals * raises start from a standing, flat-footed position. * roping horses are very expensive. + Minke whale, Description: Baleen whales * The gestation time for minke whales is 10 months. Calves measure at birth. The newborns nurse for five to possibly 10 months. Breeding is mostly done during the summer months. + Nacozari de García, How the town earns money: Settlements in Mexico :: Sonora * Cattle raising is also important with 16,375 cattle counted in the 2000 census. Calves are exported to the United States of America.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| calf: Black calf * Black calves reach maturity * Most black calves reach maturity - stay with mothers Bull calf * Bull calves reach puberty. * Most bull calves reach puberty. Elephant calf * Elephant calves play as an important part of their development - suckle for about two years after which they eat solid food - weigh pounds * Most elephant calves weigh pounds. Female calf * Female calves are slaughtered immediately or raised to be dairy cows - remain with mothers * Most female calves remain with mothers - stay with mothers * Some female calves face starvation. Giraffe calf * Giraffe calves weigh pounds. * Some giraffe calves reach adulthood. Healthy calf * Healthy calves weigh pounds. * Most healthy calves weigh pounds. Male calf * Male calves are raised and killed for their meat, both beef and veal - require care - weigh kgs * Most male calves require care * Some male calves have bonds - distinguishable features - strong bonds Maverick * are bands - calfs - camera-guided missiles used against convoys and a wide array of fortified targets - nonconformists - the result of serious anglers designing shallow water skiffs for serious anglers * is alive and biting. * typically hog resources. Moose calf * Moose calves have brown fur * Moose calves use milk - rich milk<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| calf: Newborn calf * Most newborn calves stand on legs * Most newborn calves weigh about pounds - over lbs * Newborn calves are able to run with the herd immediately after birth - approximately seven meters in length - at a real disadvantage when it comes to fighting disease - vigorous and healthy - wobbly on their legs, but within a few hours they can walk easily - can run with the herd within minutes of their birth - frolic in the meadows * Newborn calves have a red-brown coat that fades to a light rust color within a few weeks - reddish coat - little body fat reserve, high energy requirements, and short hair coats - spend most of their first month hiding in the grass, like nearly all antelopes - stay with mothers * Some newborn calves are too weak to suckle or nurse from a pail or bottle - begin life * Some newborn calves have brown coats * Some newborn calves have light brown coats - protection - reddish coats - thick coats - weigh about kgs + Oryx, Description * These antelopes congregate in herds of 8 to 60 oryx. Newborn calves can run with the herd within minutes of their birth. Oryxes have a life span of about 20 years. Old calf * Most old calves weigh pounds. * Some old calves explore habitats. Single calf * Most single calves follow mothers. * Most single calves stand on legs - wobbly legs * Most single calves weigh about pounds - kgs * Single calves are born buff-colored and precocial - the norm and twins are rare - depend on factors - receive plenty * Some single calves begin life - remain mothers - weigh about kgs Whale calf * All whale calves are born live. * Some whale calves emerge from water. * Whale calves can swim at or soon after birth.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| calf: Young calf * Most young calves stay with mothers. * Some young calves cause injuries - significant injuries - have fibre * Young calves are at the highest risk for contracting the infection - more susceptible than older animals - very inefficient at digesting most plant sources of protein and fat - can double their length by the end of the nursing period * Young calves have a fleece composed exclusively of down fibre - the tendency to wander away from their mothers, so often fall prey to hyenas	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Carnivorous animal * Most carnivorous animals eat fish. * Most carnivorous animals have colons - point canine teeth * Some carnivorous animals eat animals - other animals - small animals - feed on herbivores * Some carnivorous animals inhabit oceans - savannahs * are also common, and some carnivores, like bears and badgers , are omnivorous. - meat, even if it means eating another talking animal * have canine teeth - claws, short digestive tracts, and long, curved fangs * hunt for food. * kill for a living.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Chick * All chicks grow early feathers, which last during their adolescence. * Many chicks fall off unprotected edges as they run after a parent that leaves to get food. * More chicks are able to survive when the marshes are full of water. * Most chicks are killed by predators in the first six months of their life. * Most chicks eat food - worms * Most chicks get high protein diets - grow feathers * Most chicks have bills - blood - dark eyes - distinctive plumages - downy plumages - gray plumages - legs - mortality - skin - white plumages - live to adulthood - lose feathers * Most chicks reach adulthood - sexual maturity - remain with mothers * Most chicks require food - parental care - show exponential growth - survive to adulthood - use lungs * Some chicks avoid predators - become fathers * Some chicks die from bacterial infection - starvation - of starvation * Some chicks eat aquatic insects - insect wasps * Some chicks feed on fish - whole fish * Some chicks have egg teeth - ovaries - stripes - leave breed colonies - live longer but fail to thrive - lose weight - regurgitate food * Some chicks remain with natural parents * Some chicks survive birthdays - winter * Some chicks use egg teeth * acquire the protozoans by pecking at the feces of adults. * add a pound to their body weight every four or five days. * also listen to their parents while inside the eggs - peck at the red spot on their parent's bills in order to stimulate food regurgitation * are also capable of flight - altricial , or helpless at birth * are born altricial , therefore they are blind, naked and completely vulnerable - with their eyes closed and their skin is mostly pink in color - brooded for thirty days, they stay with their parents for almost a year - chickens * are fed animal matter almost exclusively - by both parents on food similar to the adult diet - hatchlings from the moment they emerge from the egg - like human precocious at birth because they hear and see immediately after hatching - located in swimming pools - part of chickens - semi-precocial meaning they can leave the nest immediately and swim on their own - still incredibly vulnerable to threats until they are able to fly - susceptible to nutritional problems and pneumonia unless kept well fed, warm, and dry - totally dependent on their father for food and protection * are young animals - birds * become adults when they are able to breed - mobile after a few days * begin to grow feathers when they are two weeks old. * can ride on the backs of their parents or under their wings - run and capture their own food soon after hatching - survive on their own by about two months of age - swim as soon as they hatch - usually feed themselves two to eight weeks after they begin flying - walk as soon as they have hatched * catch worms. * cause problems. * close eyes. * communicate by making noises too. * compete with each other for food and parental care during early development. * digest food. - meals - mostly fish * extend necks. * feed largely on arthropods. * find food - mates * fly soon after hatching, but stay with their mothers and siblings for ten to twelve weeks. * follow parents until they can find their own food. * forage for food. * gain strength * get air * hatch naked and blind and can be fed while lying on their backs. * have a high survival rate because the breeding site has very few land predators - better chances - big problems - faces - heads - the tendacy to be difficult eaters - vestigial claws on their wings, which they lose when they grow older * includes air sacs - bird's feet - bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - chicken wings - corpi - flight feathers - ground substances - lips - marrow - mast cells - mouths - quill feathers - rib cages - second joints - sections - skulls - sterna - talons - wishbones * keep close to their parents while feeding. * learn from their parents how to fly and find food - the colours quickly and accurately * learns to walk and find food after it is first born to become strong enough to survive. * lift wings. * live off a diet of flying fish eggs and squid oil, a product that is rich in fat * make problems. * need care - extra care * often drown in water containers such as dishes. * open eyes. * play by chasing or tugging on objects. * possess feathers. * reach adult size * recognize the call of their parents returning with food and are never fed by any other. - their parents for up to three months, until they are able to fly * require a high-protein diet for rapid growth and for the development of flight feathers - energy - high levels of minerals for proper bone formation and development * sometimes die in the shell or hatch in a very week state only to die within hours - have to be taught to eat and drink * stand on their mothers feet until they are eight weeks old. * start eating on their own almost immediately after fledgling - fighting when they are only a few weeks old * stay with parents. * stimulate feeding by touching the parent's bill. * survive time. * swim as soon as they hatch and can fly within three months. * take first flight - five years to develop full adult plumage * weigh ounces. * young bird	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| chick: Puffin chick * Some puffin chicks leave colonies. * leave a colony when they fledge and head off to the ocean without their parents. Young chick * Most young chicks have bills. * Some young chicks eat insects.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Chordate * All chordates also have a ventral heart. * All chordates are vertebrates, they differ from tunicates and lancelets in two ways * All chordates have a dorsal hollow nerve tube, a notochord, and pharyngeal gill slits - hollow nerve cord, a notochord, and pharyngeal slits * All chordates have a notochord and dorsally-situated nerve chord - that is present during some or all of their life cycle - jaws - notochords * Many chordates reproduce through asexual budding, although lancelets have distinct sexes. * Most chordates are vertebrates - have a muscular tail extending posterior to the anus * Most chordates have a tail extending beyond the anus - an internal skeleton made of bone, cartilage, or both * Some chordates also have an external shell - are invertebrates - have a week circulotary system * also have bilateral symmetry. * are animals. * are characterized by a notochord - having a nerve cord running along the length of the back - eucoelomate deuterostomes, and probably share a common ancestor with echinoderms - less numerous than crustaceans - organisms with a stiffening rod along one side - the phylum which contains the sub-phylum Vertebrata - usually long and narrow, with a stiffening rod of cartilage running along the back * embody many sophisticated evolutionary adaptations. * exhibit bilateral symmetry and have an endoskeleton for support. * have a backbone - an unsegmented body - four shared derived characters * is an animal * retain structural plans characteristic of non-chordate invertebrates.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| chordate: Ascidian * Many ascidians form colonies. * Most ascidians are inconspicuous and are often covered by smaller sessile animals. * are an important food source for some nudibranchs - filter feeders - hermaphroditic - simultaneous hermaphrodites and the gonoducts open into the atrium - tunicates * can reproduce both sexually and asexually. * filter sea water into a double layered envelope. * have a living, external, cellular exoskeleton, or tunic, underlain by the epidermis - no structure recognizable as a kidney * live exclusively in marine habitats, and most families are represented at all latitudes. * produce tadpole larvae with a visible notochord.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| chordate \| ascidian: Sea squirt * Many sea squirts reproduce by budding as well as by sexual means. * Most sea squirts live underwater, typically anchored to rocks on the bottom. * are ascidians - familiar examples of large solitary ascidians - just one kind of Urochordate - the best known tunicates - very similar to sponges in appearance * can live in colonies and share siphons that expel water and wastes. * common name for. * distinguish self from non-self in much the same way. * have transparent or translucent tunics made of cellulose. * is an ascidian * possess both sex organs, but are unable physiologically to self-fertilize. Larvacean * Most larvaceans are hermaphrodites. * are primitive chordates related to tunicates * form mucus nets to collect tiny planktonic food particles. * rebuild their house every day. Salp * are adapted for a free-swimming, planktonic existence - arguably the most primitive living chordates - important for what they eat and excrete - minute tunicates that live as plankton * belong to a group of marine chordates commonly known as tunicates. * literally starve to death because they are in the midst of plenty. * reproduce both sexually and by budding.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| chordate: Urochordate * are a subphylum containing tunicates - marine, sedentary animals and can be either solitary, or colonial - monophyletic within the deuterostomes - the sea squirts - unknown as fossils * have a sparse fossil record. * occupy a critical evolutionary position as non-vertebrate chordates. Circus animal * Many circus animals are on the list of endangered species. * spend much of their lives in small, often dirty cages, barely able to turn around.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Cnidarian * All cnidarians are acoelomate - carnivorous, with cnidae and tentacles active in prey capture * All cnidarians have a mouth in the center of their bodies, surrounded by tentacles - tentacles which are located around their mouths and contain stinging cells * Many cnidarians are able to propagate asexually, for example by budding in Hydra. * Most cnidarians are carnivorous and feed on small crustaceans - dioecious - marine, although a few, such as the well-known hydra, are freshwater species * Most cnidarians have body cavities - inhabit environments - reproduce by budding * Some cnidarians alternate between polypoid and medusoid forms during their life cycle - are polymorphic, having two body plans during their life cycle - divide in two - feed on shrimp * Some cnidarians have adults - contractile fiber - ecological significance - economic importance - either medusa or polyp stages, or both, in their life cycles - particular ecological significance - sacs - sessile adults - surfaces - possess tissue - prey on fish * Some cnidarians rely on diffusion - simple diffusion - use molecular methods * also lack certain tissue types found in other animal phyla, such as true muscle cells. * are a diverse group of aquatic animals - group of invertebrates that includes jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and hydras - all aquatic and mostly marine - almost all marine carnivores - also diploblastic , with only ectoderm and endoderm as tissues - animals with stinging cells called cnidoblasts - aquatic, mostly all marine - both sessile and motile with forms including jellies, corals, and hydras - carnivores that use their tentacles to catch prey - carnivorous, the major part of their diet consisting of crustaceans * are diploblastic, meaning that they only have an endoderm and ectoderm - so they lack organs - entirely aquatic animals - essentially bags made of two cell layers - gonochoristic - incredibly diverse in form - known for their radially symmetrical and the tentacles that encircle their mouth - predators that use special stinging cells to subdue their prey - radial, tentacled animals that live mostly in the seas * are radially symmetrical and they have tentacles that encircle their mouth - invertebrates with two tissue layers - said to be the simplest organisms at the tissue grade of organization - the scientific group of animals which contain corals * are the simplest animals in which the cells are organised into tissues - with cells organised into tissues - widespread in marine habitats and less common in fresh water * can have a polyp phase , medusa phase , or both, in their life cycles. * comes from a Greek word meaning stinging nettles. * digest food. * exhibit radial or biradial symmetry around a longitudinal axis - two basic structural forms, a medusa and a polyp * exist as either polyps or medusae, or both in alternation. * feed using tentacles that are embedded with stinging nematocysts. * have a digestive cavity and carry out extracellular and intracellular digestion - hydrostatic skeleton - nervous system, including simple sense organs - radially symmetrical body shape with a mouth surrounded by rings of tentacles - true mouth and digestive cavity, but no anus - an ectoderm and endoderm, both of which are germ layers * have both sexual and asexual forms of reproduction - reproduction cycles - many specialized features, including tentacles, stinging cells, and net nerves - more than three true tissue layers - radial symmetry and are sessile or free-floating as adults * have stinging cells, called nematocysts, which are used for defense - organelles called nematocysts and has polymorphism - organelles, unlike Ctenophores * have two basic body forms, medusa and polyp - possible body types a medusa and a polyp * includes brains - cell membranes - coelenterons - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * is an invertebrate * lack organs and posses a primitive nervous system known as a neural net. * possess only one digestive opening, which serves as both the mouth and the anus - radial symmetry and can be divided like a pizza, all slices being equal - special cells called cnidocytes that are especially abundant in the tentacles * reproduce both sexually and asexually - in different ways depending on whether they are polyps as adults, or medusae * use asexual and sexual reproduction - tentacles with stinging cells called nematocysts to capture food - their nema- tocysts primarily to capture prey	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| cnidarian: Anthozoan * are all marine and are found all over the world, in various sizes and habitats - coelenterates - colonial or solitary organisms - often colonial having the polyp body plan with no alternation with the medusa form - sisters to all other cnidarians - the familiar anemones and corals * differ from other Cnidaria in that they have no medusoid stage. * exist as solitary or colonial, and mostly sessile polyps. * have no alteration of generations - medusa stage and are often colonial * often provide fish and crustaceans with habitat and food scraps.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| cnidarian: Hydra * can move from one location by gliding or even somersaulting - perform observations of the brighter sampling of stars * can reproduce either sexually or asexually depending on conditions - themselves by making another, smaller hydra * has opening to fluid compartment, but small opening - three cell lineages, which are all self-renewing and maintained by stem cells - two distinct methods of reproduction, asexual and sexual * is attracted to food, moderate light and moderate temperatures - classified as a 'ring' nebula - composed of a mouth, gastric cavity, and a foot process - famous for being one of the twelve labors of Hercules - filled with abundant life in the summer * is one of the easiest islands to get to from Athens - simplest of the metazoa - part of such animals - represented by several species in the different parts of the world - reproduced by the process of budding - sensitive to light and seeks out a suitable illumination - transparent, jelly-like and with tentacles * reproduce asexually by budding - in a process called budding * reproduces both asexually and sexually - sexually and asexually Hydroid * Most hydroids are found growing on or among seaweeds. * are actually colonies of polyps growing on a common stalk - plant-like animals * form distinctive colonies during the spring in harbors, on floats and in rocky areas. ### animal \| cnidarian \| hydroid: Siphonophore * Most siphonophores have a different arrangement of polyps. * are a type of hydrozoan with a float for buoyancy - among the most prevalent predators in midwater habitats - groups of creatures that live, connected, as one animal - hydrozoans that form drifting colonies of polyps - multicellular AND colonial * can make independent motions. * come in a fantastic diversity of forms and many are bioluminescent. Hydrozoan * All hydrozoans alternate between a polyp, and a medusa phase of living. * Most hydrozoans are colonial. * also tend to be smaller than other species of jellies. Jellyfish * Some Jellyfish have sticky harpoons and others wrap their harpoons around their prey to trap it. * can live a wide variety of ages - survive up to few hours or few months * is the common name of a type of sea animal that biologists call a medusa - quintessential pop band * major part of the diet of the leatherback turtle.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| cnidarian \| jellyfish: Box jellyfish * Most box jellyfish cause significant pain - exist in oceans * Most box jellyfish find in coastal water * Most box jellyfish have enough venom - long tentacles - predators * Most box jellyfish rely on tentacles - venomous tentacles * Some box jellyfish find mates. * Some box jellyfish have brains - eyes - squares * are also prevalent during the summer months. * cause pain * have a square-shaped float with tentacles streaming from the corners of the bell - no gills or breathing organs - the unfortunate distinction of being feared as extremely lethal creatures * produce venom. * survive months. Different jellyfish * Every different jellyfish has a different number of tentacles. * have babies in different ways.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| cnidarian \| jellyfish: Moon jellyfish * Some moon jellyfish have ability. * are either male or female - preyed upon by various large fish, turtles and even some birds * live for years. * possess a unique mechanism for self-repair - mechanisms Scyphozoan jellyfish * Most scyphozoan jellyfish are pelagic, free-swimming forms of the open ocean. * produce their young from eggs.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| cnidarian \| jellyfish: Tiny jellyfish * swim away from the polyp and then grow and feed in the plankton. + Jellyfish, Life cycle * In the second stage, the tiny polyps asexually produce jellyfish, each of which is also known as a medusa. Tiny jellyfish swim away from the polyp and then grow and feed in the plankton. Medusae have a radially symmetric, umbrella-shaped body called a bell, which is usually supplied with marginal tentacles that capture prey. A few species of jellyfish do not have the polyp portion of the life cycle, but go from jellyfish to the next generation of jellyfish through direct development of fertilized eggs. Jellyfish at the medusa stage usually lives only up to six months, after which it dies. True jellyfish * Some true jellyfish have arms. * are graceful, and sometimes deadly creatures. * use sting tentacles Medusa * Most medusa have separate sexes. * Some medusas have tentacles. * exhibit features. * have heads. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - coelenterons - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| cnidarian: Scyphozoan * Most scyphozoans originate from small attached reproductive polyps. * The medusa form is the dominant life form, as opposed to the polyp. They eat plankton, small crustaceans and fish larvae, which they capture using stinging cells called nematocysts. The nematocysts are attached to the tentacles that hang down from the edge of the umbrella dome. Scyphozoans have an internal jelly-like material. They have no hard parts, no head, and no specialized organs for respiration or excretion. * Unlike other types of jellyfish, scyphozoans lack a 'velum', a circular membrane which propels other jellyfish through the water. Scyphozoans move through the water by contracting and relaxing the muscles of their umbrella. * are coelenterates - found in all oceans from the cold Arctic to the warm tropical waters of Caribbean - several feeding strategies represented by the following taxa	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| cnidarian: Sea anemone * Many sea anemones reproduce by cloning, literally splitting in two. * Most sea anemones are predacious, immobilizing their prey with the aid of their nematocysts - attach themselves to hard surfaces, such as rocks and other animals - eat crabs * Most sea anemones have microscopic algas - mouths - organs - sense organs * Some sea anemones can even burrow. * Some sea anemones have brains - digestive enzymes - disks - necessary digestive enzymes - kill prey - live in symbiosis with other animals * Some sea anemones provide food - homes * Some sea anemones reproduce sexually while others reproduce asexually - through another form of asexual reproduction called pedical laceration. * Some sea anemones live in symbiosis with other animals. Clownfish, Bucchich's goby, and Sipder crabs find shelter among the tentacles of the anemone. Hermit crabs often have sea anemones on the shell they inhabit * allow for both clownfish and juvenile damselfish to live within their tentacles. * anchor themselves to substrates and wait to catch prey in their outstretched tentacles. * are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria - anthozoans - carnivorous - close relatives of corals - coelenterates, and their tentacles have numerous stinging cells called nematocysts - part animal, part plant at the genetic level - polyp-shaped, sedentary sea creatures that tend to resemble flowers - related to corals and more distantly to jellyfishes - sessile organisms - solitary animals but can form dense concentrations * can be dangerous depending on their sizes and their level of toxic - change their shape because of their skeletal system - close up, pulling all their tentacles insidse their bodies - reproduce sexually or asexually - vary in frequency from year to year * come in different sizes and many different colors. - fish whole and where they caught it - prey to supplement the food that marine algae create in their tissues * feed on various invertebrates and fish. * filter the bacteria from the water. * fold themselves up when the tide is low to preserve the moisture inside their bodies. * grow in the pools on the cavern floor. * harbor resident pink anemonefish. * have algas - poisonous sting that only clownfish and certain damselfish can tolerate * lives in all the oceans and at different depths. * look like plants, but they are really meat-eating animals. * polypeptides mimic anthopleurins in producing a digitalis-like cardiac action. * position themselves in a way as to increase light exposure to their symbionts. * provide an aquarium with bright pops of color as well as with shelter for clownfish - shelter to the fish and other creatures in the reefs * reproduce asexually by slowly pulling themselves in half. * show significant potential as sentinel organisms with respect to biological endpoints. * spend most of their lives in one place. * stay in one place, using tentacles to catch small animals that drift through the water. * use their stinging tentacles for defence - tentacles to catch food - two types of asexual reproduction Sea pen * are colonial octocorals which exhibits polyp dimorphism - fenced off portions of open either seawater or a lagoon - soft-sediment dwelling soft corals that are often found in great beds - suspension-feeding animals * inhabit soft-bottomed aquatic environments. Common animal * are brown snake, field sparrow, red-winged blackbird, and American goldfinch - crabs, chitons, brittle stars, and sea anemones - giraffes, lions, elephants, jackals, hyenas, and monkeys - lizards, rats and donkeys - prairie dogs, gophers, and ground squirrels * belong to the deer family such as moose, elk, and regular deer.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Companion animal * Most companion animals feel safest and happiest in their own home environment - have considerably less body mass than an adult human * are easily susceptible to frostbite. * can help humans improve trust, memory, self-esteem and concentration - mitigate the effects of loneliness, and other stresses - positively influence child development * have more consistent behavior, compared to humans. * suffer from a variety of infectious diseases. Complex animal * All complex animals start out as a single cell which grows and divides many times. * More complex animals have a digestive tract. * Some complex animals have simple eyes, whereas some simple animals have complex eyes. * can control the quality of the interstitial fluid. * have internal surfaces specialized for exchange with external environment. Countless animal * find shelter. * play roles.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Critter * Many critters hatch out of eggs without any help from their mamas and survive just fine. * Most critters come from sea - eat plants - has-part legs * Most critters have feet - inhabit environments * Most critters live in communal dens - forests - make faces * Most critters occupy human intestinal tracts * Some critters are in foster care because they're seriously ill or injured. * Some critters eat ants - berries - cicadas - fish - grubs - phloem - feed owls * Some critters have resistance - shells - invade vegetables * Some critters live in plants - wetland - on beaches - make snacks - play in baskets - use sand * also make a great first pet for children wanting an animal companion to call their own. * are animals - bands - our handmade teddy bears in three sizes * can enter the home through cracks or crevices in the walls, so seal off any openings - move - in all shapes and many sizes * commute between environments via tunnels and bridges. * eat energy * forage at nights. - no depth perception * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * is an animal * lift heads. * need habitats. * require care. * text search program that is designed to be easy to use. * time their reproductive cycle to maximize the chances of their babies' survival. ### animal \| critter: Slimy critter * Most slimy critters have feet. * Some slimy critters have shells.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Cygnet * Many cygnets succumb to cold, wet weather, parasites, insufficient food, or predators. * Most cygnets eat animals - aquatic insects - have necks - possess feathers * Some cygnets have bills. * add some smaller crustaceans to their meals as well. * are swans - young birds * can swim as soon as their down is dry, but they stay on their nests for a few days. * includes air sacs - bird's feet - bone cells - breasts - chest cavities - chests - faces - flight feathers - ground substances - heads - lips - marrow - mast cells - mouths - quill feathers - rib cages - second joints - sections - skulls - sterna - talons - wishbones * remain with their parents throughout their first winter. * require an abundant supply of aquatic insects, crustaceans, and aquatic plants. * usually eat bugs instead of weeds and grasses. Dangerous animal * Most dangerous animals roam oceans. * Some dangerous animals injure animals - domestic animals * Some dangerous animals kill domestic livestock	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Dead animal * Most dead animals provide food. * Some dead animals eat animals - other animals - have chances - kill predators * are an ideal medium for bacterial growth - consumed by decomposers, and thus the nutrients get mixed up back into the soil * are located in freeways - streets - never very pretty or do they look as they do when alive * can be carriers of disease - t change and grow * comprise a small, but identifiable, portion of the solid waste generated in Kansas. * continue to use oxygen and give off carbon dioxide as they rot and decay. * decompose extremely slowly in the cold, dry atmosphere. * exhibit massive swelling in the areas of the throat and brisket. * provide food for smaller predators like fox, coyotes or raccoons, and fishers Deep sea animal * have structures. * respond to effects.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Different animal * Every different animal is loved in some way. * Many different animals are under the name molluscs - enjoy eating salmon * Many different animals live in Tibet - the forests near water - make their homes in trees * Most different animals compete for resources - develop structures - eat grass - feed on plants * Most different animals have bones - different strategies - life - ranges - inhabit areas * Most different animals live in areas - different habitats - geographic areas * Most different animals live in same areas - require conditions * Most different animals require different conditions - live conditions * Some different animals expel compounds - different compounds * Some different animals have calcareous exoskeletons - expectancy - life expectancy - weigh tons * are adapted to find food in different ways. * benefit from different species of trees. * do that in different ways. * eat different types of food * expel different nitrogenous compounds. * have different brain structures depending on their lifestyle - feeding schedules, diet requirements, and cage requirements - food needs * have different innate behaviours - knowledge - kinds of color vision - life cycles - numbers of chromosomes - prices as they each have a different feeding program - stages of life - strengths - types of homes - ways of obtaining and digesting foods - various ways of trying to stay alive * live in different habitats - strata of the rainforest - the different types of deserts * need different habitats * possess different organs for respiration. * produce a different brightness and colour of eyeshine. * rely on different food sources - means to escape similar situations safely - levels of interaction * respond differently to the various stimuli they are exposed to. * sleep different amounts. * undergo different changes as they grow it depends on the species. * vary in the number of lobes to each lung. + Chromosome * Different animals have different numbers of chromosomes. If a person does not have the usual number of chromosomes, they may die or have one or more peculiarities. Some genetic disorders are more common than others. Diseased animal * run fevers, lose their appetites, stop producing milk and become lame - producing milk and become very lame * suffer from open sores on the mouth and feet. Diurnal animal * Some diurnal animals have degrees. * are active during the day * do it the other way around. * tend to be most active in morning and evening. + Nocturnal animals: Zoology * They hunt or feed during the night, and sleep during the day. Diurnal animals do it the other way around.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Dog * ALL dogs require intensive training in order to perform as protection animals. * ANY dog can have genetic problems. * All Dogs have highly developed senses. * All dogs are animals, and all cats are mammals, so all dogs are mammals - no cats are dogs, therefore no cats are animals - canines and think like canines * All dogs are capable of biting when they are aggravated, assaulted or excited - descendants of wolves - different in their ability to learn * All dogs are different, and some are more prone to violent behavior - require more effort to get proper muscle tone than others - family pets - god-worshippers - heartworm tested, wormed and vaccinated - immortal - individuals and some are more dominant or possess a stronger prey drive than others - meat eaters - naturally clean - pack animals, and want to be part of a group - spayed or neutered before being adopted - special, but the deaf, blind and three-legged dogs have unique needs - subject to drug testing at all times * All dogs are susceptible to dental problems but some breeds seem to build up more tarter and plaque - heartworm infection - susceptible, no matter how little time they spend outdoors - temperament tested towards people and animals - the descendant of the wolf - to be kept as house pets, never as an outside dog * All dogs are up to date with vaccines and are treated for fleas and parasites - with vaccines, are microchipped and are treated for fleas and parasites - vicious animals - belong to the same species * All dogs benefit from regular exercise - socializing * All dogs can bite if provoked - get sick - have white patches that vary in size and location - swim - carry defective genes - come from a common ancestor millions of years ago - develop lenticular sclerosis as they age * All dogs go out twice each day to do their business and twice during the day for play and exercise - through a period of canine adolescence - have certain basic drives * All dogs have different colored nails - personalities - four legs - good noses - hair - health problems in their pedigree - hip and eye clearances before breeding - minimal vaccines and are fed a raw food diet - potential to develop behavior problems - puppy characteristics for two years * All dogs have some behavior problems - form of prey drive, an instinctive reaction to chase something that moves - hair cover, even the so-called hairless ones - their little ceremonies and rituals - to be kept in a nearly natural and friendly environment - jump at a height which is determined by the dog's height at the shoulder - know how to swim - like to go places and do things with their families - make noises * All dogs require regular brushing and combing in order to keep their coats healthy and untangled - run and hide - share their ancestry with the wolf - shed some hair - speak the same language * Any dog can become obese - bloat, but it's common in larger breeds of dogs, especially deep chested ones - have displasia - learn basic obedience behaviors, no matter the age - suffer from heat stress - is capable of biting in certain circumstances - predator and has the capability to kill anything it regards as a prey item * Every dog genetically has a certain level of drive. * Every dog has a unique personality and history - four weeks and a day to be adopted, but after that, it is put to sleep - similar drives relating back to their common ancestor, the wolf - traits and special skills which most people never consider when choosing their pet - two sets of genes, one from each parent * Every dog is an individual, and temperaments do vary - susceptible to many deadly and disabling infectious diseases * Many dogs adjust to their loss of sight and do just fine in their own surroundings. * Many dogs also eat animal feces, with the same results - enjoy swimming for exercise and to cool down - have internal blood clotting that causes damage to their organs - receive some basic obedience work while they are with a foster family - are able to see quite well despite the existence of lens opacities * Many dogs are aggressive out of fear - towards other dogs, but wonderful with people - allergic to g rains and yeast products - also sensitive about proximity and body-contact - confused about whether they are human or whether they are dog - dominant as well as anxious and fearful - frightened of vacuum cleaners - latent carriers, without showing symptoms - overweight and many dog owners feel their dog is too thin if they can see any ribs - prey driven - prone to back or hip pain, for example - still too warm in the winter - become obese by eating treats * Many dogs can be allergic to cedar - break off slivers - develop hip dysplasia - stay out in a cold yard if they have a shelter - use their body, face, tail, ears and limbs to communicate with other dogs - come down with sarcoptic mange, commonly known as the mange - continue to mature for another year or two * Many dogs develop a resistance to the chemotherapy - flea allergies if repeatedly bitten by fleas - incurable flea allergies if repeatedly bitten by fleas - tooth problems when fed exclusively moist or semi-moist commercial foods - die of intestinal obstruction each year due to rawhide - dig out of boredom or stress - dislike having their feet handled * Many dogs display herding instincts and compete in herding trials - only a reluctance to move as their only sign of the disease * Many dogs do however carry the disease and yet show little or no signs - recover if they are just given ample rest and time for their bodies to heal - draw their ears back during motion or at rest - eat bar soap, and that can be toxic, too * Many dogs enjoy lying in a darkened area such as under a table or bed - retrieving, chasing, or just carrying - the attention they get during grooming - exhibit barking behavior typical of their breed - exist only through genetically controlled breeding programs - fade out so much that the white markings are indistinguishable from the colour * Many dogs get an insatiable appetite and thirst - gas from dry foods that have their main ingredients in the form of grains - go for the throat when they attack * Many dogs have a characteristic loss or thinning of hair above the base of the tail - dew claw, that is, an extra toe and nail, higher up on the leg on the inner side - phobia surrounding thunder - an extensive vocabulary of words they seem to understand - blood in their urine or experience painful urination - ears that flop over the opening as well * Many dogs have hair inside of the ear canal - that actually begins to grow on the inside of their ears - little experience with children - low grade murmurs with no evidence of heart disease - problems, many dogs have problems when the owners are near - various levels of immunity, or at least some resistance to many worm species - initially whine and whimper or scratch at the door, but then settle down - learn to dislike people who wear uniforms * Many dogs like to chase and harass deer - sticks - run around or through their owner's feet - urinate on soft surfaces - live in kitchen and family or living room areas, while bedrooms are off limits * Many dogs live normal lives with ectropion - only occasional episodes of vomiting - love to channel their inner cow and graze on grass - overheat when working hard in relatively warm temps - react adversely to the chemicals in tea, coffee and cola - regard the contents of litter boxes as delicious treats - remain active, alert, hungry, and seemingly healthy during the syndrome * Many dogs require anesthesia - twice daily insulin dosages to regulate diabetes - scare easily at the sound of thunder, firecrackers, and loud popping noises - seem to develop bad habits when they have too much time on their paws - show little or no sign of infection even after the worms become adults * Many dogs show no clinical signs of illness with a whipworm infection - problems until they are six to eight years old or older - still exhibit the energy that contributed to the form and function of their breed * Many dogs suffer from a low thyroid hormone level for years without treatment - carsickness, especially when they're young - needlessly before finally dying - serious burns during summer cookouts - survive shut down - wind up in the animal shelter before the age of two years for behavior problems * More dogs die as a result of behavior problems than all preventable medical problems combined. * Most Dogs have a comfortable home and do well. * Most dogs absorb food - accept brushing if they are approached in a gentle manner * Most dogs accumulate brownish tartar and scale on their teeth - excess fluid - acquire conditions - adapt quickly and easily to the presence of a new baby * Most dogs adapt to diets - environments - live situations - well to outdoor living as long as they have access to shelter * Most dogs adjust quickly to their new families within a week or two - well and lead happy near-normal lives - also do well in a kennel with indoor runs if they are walked twice a day * Most dogs are able to stand and walk on the new prosthesis within the first few days after surgery - allergic to chocolate - bigger than most cats - careful with their toys - color blind - considered part of the family, and children quickly understand that - curious about infants * Most dogs are descended from gray wolves - excellent swimmers - farsighted and astigmatic * Most dogs are fine and have a sore foot for a couple of days, then their back to normal - a sore foot for a couple of days, then they're back to normal - found as strays or they are surrendered by their owners - inside houses * Most dogs are lactose intolerant and develop diarrhea * Most dogs are less likely to get sunburns than humans - resistant to having their back feet touched * Most dogs are located at homes - in communities - member of families - owned by people - physically or behaviourally incapable of killing livestock * Most dogs are presented for nonspecific clinical sign,s such as vomiting, anorexia and lethargy - in their middle years however, the syndrome can occur in young and old - pretty wild when they first come out of confinement - protective of their families - attract people - avoid predation * Most dogs become anxious or feel threatened when they hear the loud sounds of a hairdryer - more effective as they age - beg for food * Most dogs belong to families - genus * Most dogs benefit from calorie diets * Most dogs can carry their own gear - drink lake water without adverse effects * Most dogs can have dermal reaction - pull a sled * Most dogs can resume normal activity five to ten days after surgery - seven to ten days after surgery - sense when their victim has given up * Most dogs carry fleas - cause death * Most dogs chew food - choose to stop barking on the lowest level * Most dogs come from ecosystems - habitats - in contact - compete for food * Most dogs consume food - raw meat - toxic substances - contain meat - descend from wolves * Most dogs develop ears - hot spots - skin - swell legs * Most dogs die at ages - before their condition can be diagnosed - dig holes - display same characteristics - do calm down as they get older * Most dogs do fine when a baby is brought into the house - with cats - well on human forms of insulin - dread the time when their human companions have to leave for work - drink water * Most dogs eat around two to three percent of their ideal adult weight per day - bacon - biscuits - fly insects - garbage - homemade food - less as they age - nutritious diets - engage in activities * Most dogs enjoy companionship - guardians - meals - white rice, which is easily substituted for dry food * Most dogs enter adulthood - nest areas - eventually learn to accept baths as part of the normal cycle of dog living - exhibit respiratory diseases * Most dogs exhibit severe diseases * Most dogs experience a slower metabolism as they age - spontaneous ovulation * Most dogs feel pain - very comfortable with being confined to a crate for short periods of time - figure things out very quickly and stop barking - follow body language to a much greater extent than the verbal anyway * Most dogs gain healthy weight * Most dogs get erections - noisy when exposed to anything new or unusual - roundworms at sometime in their lives - scent - very kennel protective after about a week and are destroyed for showing aggression - give birth during the calm periods in a house * Most dogs give birth to animals - offspring - puppies * Most dogs go into heat twice each year * Most dogs go through chemotherapy without adverse reactions - puberty * Most dogs go to doors - vets * Most dogs grow out of submissive urination - the teething stage in about eight months * Most dogs has-part arteries - follicles - glands - hips - jaws - mouths * Most dogs have a long muzzle and quick reflexes that adequately protect their eyes from cats - protective side, but some chows carry it a bit too far - abdomens - allergen - allergic reaction - anal glands - bacterial infection - bellies - breaths * Most dogs have clean drink water - different physical features - dome foreheads - ear infection - exceptionally keen hearing - friends - front legs - fur - healthy habits - hearts - invert papillomas - life expectancy - lifespans - local vets - muscles * Most dogs have muscular front legs - no clue as to whether barking is something good or something bad - odor - origins - patterns - poor appetite * Most dogs have powerful jaws - pulses - reddish fur - regular habits * Most dogs have secondary bacterial infection - skin infection - sensitive stomachs - sensitivity - serious effects - sharp teeth - shiny coats * Most dogs have short coats - snouts - tan fur - tapeworm infection - tendencies * Most dogs have thick coats - tight stomachs - tongues - variation - voices - white bellies * Most dogs hear animals * Most dogs help companionship - infect with parasites - lash out when injured out of fear * Most dogs lead life - normal life - learn their territory very quickly * Most dogs learn to be obnoxious to get any type of attention - quickly accept halters - leave tracks * Most dogs live in areas - countrysides - households - neighborhoods - packs - rainforest environments - look great with the coat they have * Most dogs lose life * Most dogs love food - open doors - their crates if used from an early age * Most dogs love to chew things - run, and want to run - maintain weight * Most dogs make bonds - clatter noise * Most dogs make loud clatter noise - short strides - snore noise * Most dogs move backs * Most dogs occur in areas - only survive weeks to a few months after diagnosis - originate from wolves * Most dogs perform numerous tasks * Most dogs pick up scent * Most dogs possess blood - microbes - prefer smelly treats like cheese or liver * Most dogs produce cortisol - much cortisol - provide protection - quickly ingest human medications that are accidentally dropped on the floor * Most dogs raise legs * Most dogs range in ages * Most dogs reach adult weight * Most dogs reach full maturity - sexual maturity - physical maturity - readily accept infants after a period of curiosity * Most dogs receive diets - enough food, water, and shelter to survive physically - magnesium diets - vitamins * Most dogs recover from infection - with supportive care when the source of exposure is removed * Most dogs regain the ability to lead an active and pain-free lifestyle - their hair back along with other indicators of Cushing s disease * Most dogs require bones - fat diets - insulin twice daily to adequately control their disease - pre-paid dog training at the time of the adoption - protein diets - proteins - special diets - sufficient nutrients * Most dogs resemble coyotes - jackals * Most dogs respond quickly to surgical treatments for ear disease - to inflammation - very well to treatment with fluids to restore hydration - well to cortisone therapy - retain vigor * Most dogs seek families * Most dogs seem to regard a crate as their den - treat each other well, and better than humans treat each other * Most dogs share common ancestors * Most dogs show a significant improvement in attitude, personality, and activity levels - affection - diversity - nest behavior - spend some time in water, either by regular bathing or by swimming - start to mature at two to three years - stay in homes - steal food * Most dogs suffer from problems * Most dogs survive in climates - dryer climates * Most dogs survive on diets - meat diets - poison - toad poison - swallow the food balls whole, like oysters * Most dogs take care - to skating quickly, and little instruction or training is necessary - tend to get slower with age and lie about more - therefore feel compelled to make social contact when they see a person or dog - thrive in homes * Most dogs thrive on diets - tolerate chemotherapy fairly well - try to dig skunks out of their dens - undergo neurological examinations - use front teeth * Most dogs use sharp front teeth - walk on paws * Most dogs walk on their new hip immediately after surgery - newly positioned hip joint immediately after surgery * Most dogs wear collars - iron collars - radio track collars - wide collars * Most dogs weigh kgs - lbs - welcome a well-cushioned bed to sleep on - work at night, searching buildings and outdoor areas for burglars * S Always act afraid of dogs in front of humans - can deal with two kinds of relations, primitive and macro ones * Some dog beds absorbs moisture due to their non-breathable fabric or dense cushion insert. * Some dogs accept crates readily, especially if they are given something to chew on - adapt better to a small room, run or playpen * Some dogs adapt to changing circumstances quickly and seemingly painlessly - warm weather - adjust to the outside world very quickly, while others take more time - aid the deaf or hard of hearing * Some dogs also develop a dry, flaky skin condition - dislike the noise the clippers and tattoo markers make - suffer incontinence - tend to dig holes in cool, shaded spots to give off heat * Some dogs appear during summer - mostly white with markings in the previously mentioned colors - to be chasing something or possibly swimming * Some dogs are able to adjust quicker, while some are slow to come around - afraid of the sound of the clicker * Some dogs are aggressive because of improper or poor socialization - they want to be the leader and be dominant - aggressive, others are shy - all black * Some dogs are allergic to some foods - staph - stings and can react badly - amateurs and some professionals - big, some are small - born with confidence - bred to look special which is why poodles have fluffy hair - capable of alerting the client that a seizure is about to occur - carriers and never show signs, but infect other dogs - classified as dingos * Some dogs are diagnosed with cancer - kidney diseases - droolers due to the structure of their mouth - eager to eat a particular pet food for several days - even able to detect an oncoming medical change in their handler or owner - food motivated, while others are motivated by going for a walk - graceful - great hunters, or can do fancy tricks - happy only in their own surroundings - hard to inject with insulin - horribly afraid of thunder - human beings - in good health and condition while others have been injured or abused - inside cages - just simply more vocal than others - killed by wolves - legendary for feet that can footfall on any surface and stay in good shape * Some dogs are more active than others - extreme in the expression of their inborn characteristics - friendly or at least, less dangerous than others - inclined to bite ankles than hands - prone to fighting than others * Some dogs are more sensitive than others - to certain drugs than others - submissive than others - voice sensitive then others - much harder to housebreak than others - myopic, or nearsighted - nap dogs * Some dogs are naturally smellier than others - thin, especially until middle age - non responsive, while others just seem depressed - non-responsive, while others just seem depressed - only happy in their own surroundings * Some dogs are owned by close friends - quite protective of their masters - resistant to changing their bathroom preferences, however - sighthounds, others scenthounds - small and some dogs are big - so relaxed they close their eyes - territorial * Some dogs are things that are fun - growl - too big and too powerful for small apartments or small children - unable to move their tail, or have severe pain if the tail is moved - unfortunate enough to be born with seborrhea as a primary disease * Some dogs are very attached to their balls and toys - limited in their ability to change duties - low-energy or have problems such as fence jumping - meticulous about cleanliness - particular about the items they chew on * Some dogs are very protective due to genetics as a breed trait - of their toys - submissive by nature - are, however, unable to tolerate the drug because of associated diarrhea - attract coyotes - avoid predators - bark a lot * Some dogs become adults - critters - lethargic, lose weight and suffer poor growth - little critters - somewhat lethargic, while others become anxious and possibly aggressive * Some dogs become very aggressive if they are scared too much when they are puppies - agitated as they watch their home being dismantled - destructive when left alone - beg because they want attention - believe the only way to protect their valuables is through an act of aggression - bite people - bring down antelopes * Some dogs can be quite talented at singing - very athletic are known to climb high chain link fences to escape - become deathly ill after consuming only a half an ounce of chocolate - digest the lactose in cow s milk - even use their fingers to open a door - exhibit lameness in more than one, or even all legs at the same time - experience a inconsequential pinch from the needle entering under skin * Some dogs can have acute crises - strong drives but weak nerves - jump six feet in the air from a sitting position - run faster than others, and some dogs just want to snuggle somewhat more then others - smell odors given off by humans with bladder cancer and diabetes, researchers say - tolerate a small amount of milk or eggs added to the food * Some dogs carry bacteria - organisms - pathogen - viruses - catch anything * Some dogs cause accidents - injuries - internal damage - personal injuries - certainly claim that trimming toenails is the most painful experience they can undergo - chew, bark, or dig to vent their energy and frustration * Some dogs come from dogs * Some dogs come into close physical contact - rescue with problems from abuse or neglect - seasons - to ignore all sounds played on a particular audio system * Some dogs compete for form - with livestock - continue their fascination with chewing into their adulthood - cross tracks - defend livestock - deliberately seek attention with negative behaviors * Some dogs descend from gray wolves - grey wolves - therapsids * Some dogs develop a taste for the stool of other dogs and, occasionally, for the stool of cats - allergies to food, rawhide chews, medications or other ingested substances - lesions as a result of constant scratching - separation anxiety - severe allergic reactions from fleas - streaks - ulcerations of the mucous membranes and extremities - violent streaks * Some dogs die from heart problems * Some dogs die of causes - natural causes * Some dogs dig before urination or defecation - to bury bones or to escape from enclosed spaces * Some dogs do an excellent job with ducks or geese - better on a beef, rather than lamb-based, diet - have issues - it off and on for months or years without developing any apparent problems - well on potassium bromide or primidone - drink from the toilet - drive sheep * Some dogs eat animals - birds - chickens - crops - european rabbits - fruit - infect animals - small livestock - squirrels - tree bulbs or glass ornaments - eliminate blood-tinged, liquid feces - enhance life * Some dogs enjoy collars - dog collars * Some dogs enter heat - escape from cages * Some dogs even experience anxiety when their beloved owner is only gone for a while - faint from difficult breathing - grow to look on carrots as a treat - know enough to amputate their limbs - like to play with their food bowls - start to fall asleep - suffer from age-related cognitive dysfunction and become confused - exhibit pain * Some dogs experience adverse health problems - other symptoms - express themselves in poetry - face medical emergencies * Some dogs feed on bait - poison bait - feel vibration * Some dogs find homes - hot weather comfort in their own wading pools with fresh, cool water - it very difficult to maintain extended eye contact - follow tracks - gain weight as they age, while others lose - genetically have too much testosterone * Some dogs get along with other pets with no problem - flea allergic dermatitis - plaque worse than others - relief from expressing aggression - give birth to sons - go so high in drive that they stop thinking * Some dogs go through chewing frenzies * Some dogs go to a special school to learn their job - graze in grass prairie - grow cells - hate to be brushed, held or touched in certain areas of their bodies * Some dogs have a barely noticeable limp and others are unable to bear any weight on the leg - double row of eyelashes - few patches on the body - genetic susceptibility to diseases that attack their own immune system - natural instinct to help someone who is hunting - poor reaction to certain foods - problem breeding - prominant medial saphenous vein which can be catheterized or sampled - adult worms in the heart but have no circulating microfilariae - ailment - allergies which causes excess discharge around the eye - an affinity for water - bad genes that cause blindness, arthritis, and even death - black nails - cataracts - certain inheritable characteristics that can develop into a disability or disease - defects - density - dietary requirements - difficulty climbing stairs or getting into or out of a vehicle - double curls in their tails - excellent prey drive - but lack defense - excess hairs growing at the opening of the ear canal - fluffy undercoat that clumps and mats as it falls out - fuzzy ears - great people skills but lack dog skills - heart conditions - hereditary conditions - hookworms - illnesses * Some dogs have long ears to help stir smells up from the ground to better smell - guard hairs over the under-fur that tangle very easily with the fur beneath it - mammary tumors - minor symptoms - mites - more problems than others because of their genetic makeup - muzzles - nails of different colors - natural adverse reactions to such products * Some dogs have no symptoms and can only be identified with an ophthalmic examination - only skin lesions - other illnesses - outbreaks - phobias such as fear of the vacuum cleaner, thunder or other loud noises - powerful feelings for their balls or chew toys - runny stools - seizures - separation anxiety and bark all day or destroy furniture - similar symptoms - special needs, such as being an only dog, or being in a home with no children - tapeworms - terminal illnesses - their own little houses with air conditioning and Internet connections - trouble adjusting to being tied that short - very dark nails, so it's difficult to even see the quick - weakness - white or tan markings on their legs and underbellies * Some dogs hear deer - horses - rats - infect humans * Some dogs infect with hookworms - rabies - ingest infect animals - insert tongues * Some dogs jump from foster home to foster home - over fences - keep food * Some dogs kill animals - baboons - big baboons - cassowaries - male baboons - opossums - snakes and many others detect snakes and give warning by barking and other behavior - tarantulas - wildlife * Some dogs learn quickly and forget just as quickly - tricks more easily than others - lick as a substitute for puppy mouthing behavior * Some dogs like to make a run for it during bath-time - watch other animals or nature documentaries - literally start in one minute or less * Some dogs live for months * Some dogs live in basements - colonies - develop countries - large colonies - regions - villages * Some dogs live on farms - streets - out a normal life span with the murmur, and never develop any other problems * Some dogs look like foxhounds - pigs - squirrels from far away * Some dogs lose appetite - genetic diversity - muscle mass - pigment in the winter time and have pigment in the summer months * Some dogs lose their house-training, appetite and liveliness - sight, their hearing or even their sense of smell - love all kids, and prefer kids to adults * Some dogs love to jump, so the act of jumping is motivating and rewarding - take baths * Some dogs move at nights - naturally track for the sheer love of tracking * Some dogs never grow accustomed to being left alone - like having another dog around when they are eating * Some dogs only begin stressing once the clippers are activated - have lobes * Some dogs originate from golden jackals - panic at quick movements and others stand their ground - pass through hands * Some dogs perform roles - tricks for patients * Some dogs pick up organisms * Some dogs possess ancestry * Some dogs prefer prey - the inside and some prefer the outside - produce offspring - protect stock * Some dogs provide nutrients - signals that are easy to spot, while others are more difficult * Some dogs pull bones - heavy sleds - reach ages * Some dogs react fearfully to the sound of the click - to absolutely everything in the environment - really love to get into little clothes * Some dogs receive bicarbonate - injections - remain infected for a long time before showing any clinical signs of the disease - require a lot of exercise and room to run * Some dogs require daily grooming - medication for various physical ailments - medications to treat the infirmities of old age - more grooming than others - some kind of correction to suppress undesirable behavior around horses - resemble animals - retain characteristics * Some dogs roll in dead animal remains - the grass or pick up a stick in their mouths to carry - secrete pheromone - seek homes - seem to bark incessantly * Some dogs seem to be able to alert their owners to the onset of epileptic seizures - less affected by periods of isolation * Some dogs seize animals - cattle - share adaptive strategies - shed hair * Some dogs show a fold at the side of the head and also at the withers descending to the shoulder - an increased volume of excretion, while others show a decrease - fear of thunder, yet have no reaction to other types of loud noises such as guns - pregnancy symptoms - profound weakness and incoordination - same symptoms - very little evidence of pain, while others become irritable - sit on logs - spend their entire lives tied to ropes * Some dogs spread microbes - stand in fields - start to chew all of a sudden because of dental problems * Some dogs stay in physical shapes - steal chickens * Some dogs suffer contraction - deficiencies * Some dogs suffer from a condition known as submissive urination - anemia - food allergies which can result in excessive licking - range contraction * Some dogs survive attacks - disasters * Some dogs survive in habitats - natural habitats - swim in ponds * Some dogs take longer than others - on the personality of their handlers - tend to respond aggressively with very little stimulation - think they are going to be aggressive with cats * Some dogs threaten livestock - tolerate very little before they become aggressive * Some dogs transmit bacteria - human diseases - treat a stuffed toy like a friend and carry it around and sleep with it * Some dogs try to dominate their owners - escape because they are frightened - understand competition * Some dogs use pheromone - samples - their mouths out of fear or frustration, which can indicate a problem with aggression - walk forward with their back legs into the sit, and some walk back with their front legs - work with teachers * accompany humans. * accumulate excess fluid - tapeworms primarily by eating fleas - the mites during the first two to three days of life while nursing their dams * act aggressively toward other dogs for a variety of reasons * actually become addicted to sugar. - well to crates, as long as they are large enough to turn around * allow themselves to be dressed up in Santa hats. * also appear as central figures in several myths - benefit from the opportunity for concealment and some control over their environment * also bite because they are protecting a home or a car - feel challenged - bond more readily with sheep than with cattle - chew because they are teething - dig in the earth with their feet before rain, and often make deep holes in the ground - disturb wildlife and frighten other visitors - encourage owners to exercise - face the risk of snake bites * also get bones - painful ear infections * also have a clear sense of who their family is - no mindset for emotional surrender or giving up - such an open duct connecting the oral and nasal cavities - keep deer away - lick as a sign of affection or subservience, or both * also like to save food for later, and they try to hide it - vegetables and fruits - make mistakes, just like their masters - move their limbs and bark in their dreams - prey on numbats, along with birds of prey that prey on the smaller numbat babies - produce saliva when they are excited - pull their tails between their legs when they are frightened - raise their hackles as a threatening gesture in response to danger - require a vaccination certificate against rabies and distemper - respond to stress by soiling the house with stool - seem to be multilingual when it comes to reading the body language of different breeds - take a lot of care - use barking and other vocalizations such as whines and growls to communicate - vocalize more than wolves - whimper when they are physically abused or neglected by people * alter the shapes of their noses on inhaling, so as to be able to inhale large amounts of air. * always feel frisky after a bath. * appear masculine, while bitches are distinctly feminine - on scenes * appear to be healthy - the laboratory animal most sensitive to glufosinate * are Children only with fur. * are a cash crop - human creation - lot like people - major cause of early death for pet guinea pigs kept outside - product of their environment - reflection of their environment and their owners - required part of the heartworm life cycle - responsibility and are loving creatures that have needs of their own - sign of good fortune because certain early Chinese emperors prized their pets * are able to get their mental and physical needs met in day care - hear ultrasound, which is the principle of 'silent' dog whistles - interact with people in a positive environment - produce a litter twice a year - see much better in dim light than humans are - take even adult iguanas - affectionate, active and enthusiastic - aggressive in response to unfolding events - alert, hungry, energetic - all the same species - allergic to many of the same things that people are, including dust and pollen * are also a source of infectious diseases and parasites - allergic to fleas and mites - common on ranches - intelligent beings - light sleepers - likely to get excited - scavengers - somewhat smarter than cats in the area of verbal command - susceptible to various types of skin fungus - the archetypal symbols of shapeshifters - unclean, but to a lesser extent * are also very sensitive to facial expressions and eye contact - territorial and can misinterpret a child's body language as a threat - well-known for their ability to cause quite a stench of their own - always desperate to play and are a perfect vehicle for exercising - amphibious * are an attractant in most cases - immutable form - integral part of the family - animals that protect their food - animals, and animals use their mouths for many things * are at far more risk when they are already stressed by disease - their best when they can move around a lot - athletes * are better at adapting than owners are - off when they have space to move around freely - biomedically a key species because they are subject to many of the same diseases as humans - born blind and deaf * are both companionable and, thus, indispensable - observant and intelligent - bred to keep up with a hundred sheep on a several acre field - built to eat poultry, fish, whole meat, and other wholesome ingredients * are by nature pack animals, and require companionship - the most gregarious creatures in the world - calmer and happier and so are their owners - canids and humans are primates - canines and canines are den animals * are capable of hurting and inflicting a great deal of damage with their bites - licking their own private parts * are carnivores Yes dogs are carnivores - with a powerful digestive system - carnivores, plain and simple - carnivorous mammals with enormous genetic variability within the species - characteristically more massive throughout with larger frame and heavier bone than bitches - color-blind - colour blind - comfortable when there is stability within the pack - common inside fine French restaurants * are creatures of habit and require regular routines - they like schedules - curious, territorial, and often aggressive toward intrud- ers - current on vaccines * are den animals and don t like to soil the area where they sleep - many like a place they can curl up in and feel secure * are den animals, and the crate place they can call their own - they like small, enclosed places - like wolves - descendants of wolves, den-dwelling animals by instinct * are different from cats - in their toilet habits, just as are people - than cats, for example * are dogs and people are human - people, some good and some bad - they do doggy things - domesticated animals that generally live in the same habitats as humans * are easier to control and are now widely used to hunt truffles - understand, but nobody yet knows how dogs work - emblems of faithfulness and often appeared at the feet of women in the engravings on tombs * are especially prone to dry skin and dandruff - poisonings as they can and do eat almost anything - sensitive to methyl xanthine toxicity - essentially color blind when it comes to distinguishing colors - everywhere, tethered on short chains and always barking * are extremely family-oriented and establish very strong ties to the people they live with - sensitive to emotions - fairly resistant to botulinum toxin, but intoxication is occasionally seen - family members for most Caucasian expatriates - feral animals, that is, they are happy in a den - flesh and blood - for life - free to roam inside and out - frightened of loud noises and start chewing because of their fears * are generally bigger and heavier - content because they're stupid, and they can lick themselves - larger than bitches - much better at conserving heat than at cooling themselves - people creatures - taller than cats * are good in nursing homes * are gray with the sunlight's grease stiffly slimed across their sharp and pulsing ribs - wolves, despite their diversity in size and proportion * are great about reading body language of their owners and can sense a 'shift' change in people - at being dogs - companions for travel and outdoor activities - pets to have - walking companions and can offer some protection * are heartworm negative and are on monthly heartworm preventative - on heartworm preventions * are highly social animals and form hunting packs - creatures, and they form very strong attachments to their owners - pack animals who crave a family, human or otherwise - home-raised and sold with health guarantee - homothermic or warm-blooded animals animals - important to kids - in foster homes for anywhere from two weeks to a month or two - incapable of being bad - infected with whipworm when they consume whipworm eggs - inherintly territioial - innately social animals who prefer living in packs - instinctively pack animals * are intelligent and sensitive - well-balanced * are intelligent creatures and sometimes they get into trouble out of boredom and frustration - they learn quickly if given the proper motivation - thrive on psychological challenge - intelligent, compassionate, fun-loving creatures - just as susceptible to undertows, cold water, and rough waves as humans are - kin to wolves and infest the streets of oriental cities - larger and more powerful than bitches * are less inclined to bark if a barrier blocks their view - jump fences if there's something to do or someone they like in the yard * are like all other animals - anything else, each one unique product of genetics and enviroment - babies when it comes to the unconditional aspect of love - humans, and they become bored - living in the present, they react to the immediate smell, sound, and movement - on floors - love and kidneys covered with fur - loyal and affectionate - loyal, playful, and affectionate - made of cheese * are masters at nonverbal communication - of expression, though sometimes their physical cues are confusing to people - mature and house trained - mean and vicious - men in little fur coats - messy * are more expensive to spay and neuter - intelligent than cats for several reasons * are more likely to bite than cats - when the person yells or screams - get into candy bars and other treats, usually made from milk chocolate - ingest ma huang products than cats - suffer a heatstroke than cats - of a secondary-carnivore and therefore rely on a combination of meats and vegetables - sensitive to heat and high humidity than humans - social, and domestic cats are more social than their wild cousins * are more susceptible to heat stress than cats - the venoms of snakes than cats - than Pets * are most sensitive to communication via eye contact, body language and tone of voice - similar genetically to wolves - vulnerable * are much accustom'd to insects - closer to people than are horses * are much more accommodating when they have the opportunity to go off leash and run - sensitive than cattle * are much more susceptible to heatstroke than humans - the disease than cats - stronger than kittens and, even when playing, can inflict serious harm * are natural carnivores, of course - expert practioners of heat transfer principles - predators, and their instinct when they catch a bird is to keep it - warning devices * are naturally clean animals - reluctant to show weakness of any kind - social beings who thrive on interaction with human beings and other animals - stoic - nearly as common as cars and take their job as guardians seriously - normally the host population for heartworm infection - notorious for chasing cats - now a variety of wolf - of the few animals that keep playing when they are grown * are often distributors of disease - unaware of their own strength, and can cause injury out of excitement and happiness - uncomfortable with unusual behavior from otherwise predictable humans - unpredictable in times of stress - omivores and can be fed a balanced vegetarian diet - omnivores eating meat, grains and vegetables - omnivores, having the ability to exist on a diet of meat and plant products - omnivorous - one of several efforts to keep birds from colliding with planes * are one of the few species that adjust like humans to the urban environment - last forms of unconditional love left in the world * are one of the most common causes of facial lacerations in children - expressive animals on earth - otherwise healthy - pack and social animals * are pack animals and become very unhappy if left alone outdoors, especially on chains - crave the companionship and stimulation of other dogs and humans - have a high pack-drive - require a tremendous amount of human interaction - the owners are the members of the dogs' pack - they consider the family to be the pack - and, the pack can consist of either humans or other dogs * are pack animals by nature, so they're instinctually drawn to a crate's den-like atmosphere - with definite social needs - that thrive on companionship - who love to eat in groups * are pack animals, and five dogs is the minimum number for proper socialization - behavior specialists explain * are part of our culture - the broad niche group, as they can adapt to many different environments * are particularly destructive when chained to a tree - fond of cat poop because cat poop is high in protein - sensitive to chocolate, and it is considered extremely poisonous for dogs - party animals - perceptive to the subtle emotions of humans - perhaps the only animals on earth that have an inherent desire to please - personal property and the subject of larceny the same as other personal property - playful animals and are often found sniffing and exploring unusual places - polygamous in contrast to wolves that are generally monogamous - popular because of their loving ways and their loyalty to their owners * are possessive about certain things - their yard or territory and certain other things - predators with body parts designed to hunt, chase, kill, and eat - preferred to pigs because pigs love to eat truffles - presumed to be the first species domesticated by humans - pretty much the same as humans * are probably a greater hazard to mountain bikers than they are to dogs - descendants of wolf-like creatures - prone to ear mites and allergies - proverbially and in fact much better at odor detection than humans are - quick to learn when their owners are about to leave the house - quite sensitive to gastrointestinal lesions with naproxen - regarded as highly social animal on the earth - reproductive until old age - responsible for countless deer and other mammal injuries each year - sensitive animals * are sensitive to a class of chemicals called methylxanthines - owners moods - their owner's emotions - similar to children in that learning is best accomplished in a positive environment - simple beasts with intricate deceits - smart and learn quickly * are smarter than other animals and they have feelings - social and like to be around their people * are social animals and do best when part of the family - normally live in groups or packs - they enjoy interacting with other dogs in a pack - that require the committed time of a serious owner * are social animals who like to belong to a family which they regard as their pack * are social animals, and in the wild tend to live in packs - but they have an acute sense of smell - they want to belong to a pack * are social creatures and believers in social order - that naturally sniff and slurp - creatures, genetically designed to operate within a pack for maximum survival * are social, pack-oriented animals and the owners are the members of the dog's pack - sometimes sick after eating grass * are special animals and usually perceived as part of the family - because they can be guides for the blind and take care of children * are still a significant source of rabies in other countries - genetically wolves, and they share seventy-eight chromosomes - responsible for transmitting rabies to humans in undeveloped parts of the world - subject to many of the same diseases as man, plus some of their own * are susceptible to a number of ehrlichial diseases - frostbite just like humans - heartworms which are contracted from mosquitoes - heatstroke and other related problems - symbols of belonging - tall, big boned and very agile with excellent movement and temperament - territorial and protective - that way because wolves are that way - survival depends on the family, or pack * are the biggest source of animal bites leading to rabies shots worldwide - brown tick's favorite host and source of bloodmeals * are the domestic animals most frequently affected - pet most involved in general - domesticated descendents of wolves - great social facilitators of our time - guardian angels for kids * are the main reservoir and the infection is transmitted by sandflies - vector for human rabies * are the most common household pet to transmit the bacteria to humans - important species - successful species - next in line to man according to Bhutanese beliefs in reincarnation - ones that kill and maul kids and babies all the time - only creatures all over the world who never lie about their love - same way, only more so because their sense of smell is so much more developed - same, in that each is different - second most popularly owned pet in our class - superior beings - way they are from Human interactions and human domestications - world's greatest pets - theoretically never too old to learn - thought to have been first domesticated in East Asia thousands of years ago - threats to elephant seals - tiny men in little fur coats * are to be kept on a leash - under close supervision of their owners - on leash at all times - remain crated while in rooms - tolerant of their friends - too smart to eat poisonous substances - tough to litter-train - true omnivores * are unable to distinguish among green, yellow, orange, and red - metabolize theobromine effectively - recognize green, yellow, orange, and red - sweat and can quickly overheat and dehydrate without plenty of water - sweat, so they have a tendency to overheat much faster than humans - unique and wonderful animals - unique, just like people * are used by humans for many different things , for work and as pets - for guarding the home, hunting, and as food - in search and rescue situations - usually very active and like all types of outdoor sports * are very adaptable, they can often adjust even faster than people - adaptive to blindness - big believers in the healing power of licking - different from cats in that they can be images of human virtue - easy to train - interesting animals, with traits that cross all over the spectrum * are very sensitive to petroleum products - they irritate skin and eyes severely - thought pictures - sociable animals and they want attention and love * are very social animals and have a definite pack order - that thrive when surrounded by love and affection - territorial, and most canine encounters end at the property boundary - very, very good at reading body language - well known for the simple fact that getting a dog can make people happier * are wolves modified by breeding - with arrested development - wonderful, simple creatures, capable of performing complex tasks * are, by nature, pack animals - in fact, omnivores as anyone who has ever owned one can attest * attack a mother opossum * become ill, suffer injuries and eventually die * believe they are humans. * benefit by getting to exercise and socialize off- leash with other dogs in a safe environment - socialize off-leash with other dogs in a safe environment * bite a lot of people every year - people riding bites * breed for superior temperaments, selling both trained adults and puppies. * bring joy and happiness to their owners as well as responsibility - people who keep dogs as pets feel safer and live longer * build muscle memory by doing the same number of weave poles all the time. * can acquire roundworm infections from their mothers while in the uterus - whipworm through contact with the feces of an infected dog - antagonize bears - appreciate luxuriant body hair - attract or invite cougar attacks - bark and wake up the neighbors - be a nuisance to others, can disturb livestock and frighten horses * can be aggressive and stubborn and willful - when defending their territory or possessions from animals or humans * can be allergic to all kinds of things in their environments or diets - things they come in contact with, eat or inhale * can be carriers also - of the strep bacteria, which causes strep throat - great for children, and children can be great with dogs - healers, guides, gentle protectors - healthy vegetarians, if they maintain an adequate balance in their diet - invaluable to the maintenance of a flock * can be more aggressive then most wolfdogs are - territorial than bitches * can be off leash as long as they are under voice control - outside to exercise but brought in several times during the day - personal-care assistants to people with disabilities - picky about their food - possessive about their food, toys, and space - quite depressed when infected and can be extremely itchy - so human - the most loyal of creatures * can be very protective of their homes - sensitive to human emotions - begin gundog training as early as six months of age - burn calories in the act of digestion - catch upper respiratory infections or even suffer from allergies * can chew furniture - the tortoise shell and limbs causing serious damage - climb fences and take advantage of unsecured gates * can detect motion better than humans can - objects which are under water - someone nearby much sooner than humans * can develop anemia if they consume a large quantity of onions - many different kinds of tumors - die in less than ten minutes in a hot car - distinguish between living and dead humans and give off corresponding signals * can disturb or injure wildlife and, in turn, can be injured by other animals - wildlife, livestock, local people, and other mountaineers - do things that people do too - drink several gallons a day * can eat a variety of foods - their own feces to avoid punishment from their owners - endure body temperature increases for only a short time or before suffering heatstroke - harass, stress, injure or kill wildlife, annoy fellow hikers and introduce disease - lethal tails, wagging all over the place - miscarriages - seasonal and environmental allergies as well as food allergies - look happy and they can look sad * can make great pets - themselves very skinny in order to escape - manipulate their expression and body posture to rival any chicken soup-toting yenta - offer people the gifts of steadfast devotion, abiding love and joyful companionship * can play an important role in society, helping people - the lives of people with disabilities - predict storms - provide a source of positive, nonverbal communication * can sense the energy in humans - things far away and around corners, through doors and inside containers - serve people in many ways - smile - suffer heatstroke and die in a confined space for even a short period of time - synthesize arachidonic acid from linoleic acid - talk * can travel a great distance in a very short time - miles in just one day - wear coats and belly protectors * can work in different environments, eg indoor, outdoor, rural, city or suburban - other animals in a variety of ways - health risks for some people * catch prey. * certainly can get cataracts which impair vision. * challenge owners. * chase animals - goats * chew because they are bored or nervous * come in all shapes and sizes, and frequently without pedigrees to describe their heritage - representing a huge range of behaviors and appearances - shapes, sizes, coat lengths and type, color and temperament - sizes, shapes, coat length, color and temperament - heat twice a year - hundreds of basic types and millions of individual personalities * come in many shapes and sizes - sizes and personalities with a wide range of needs and breed traits - packs and they usually have a leader, someone who is respected by all - rust or yellow - second but any animal can be a cause of an allergic reaction - when they are called - with many different personalities, shapes and sizes * commonly carry leptospirosis - develop diarrhea, often with blood, vomiting, loss of appetite and depression - eat grass to force themselves to vomit * commonly get ear infections which are painful and can lead to other problems - hookworms, whipworms, roundworms, and tapeworms - present with various degrees of paresis or paralysis in the pelvic limbs - receive one of several drugs to prevent heartworm infection - show allelomimetic behaviour * communicate in several ways - mainly through body language * communicate with body language and vocalization - nearly every part of their bodies - one another through sounds easily duplicated by humans - their tails and ears * compulsively lick a paw, a condition known as acral lick dermatitis. * consider eye contact a threatening gesture. * consume amounts * cool themselves by panting. * crave close contact with their owners and people form loving bonds with their dogs - social interaction and love affection and attention * create dens for giving birth. * cross streets. * currently aid research to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs. * dehydrate at an astounding rate. * deliver dogs, and cats deliver cats. * demonstrate their ability to obey their masters and herd a flock of sheep through a course. * desire the closeness of physical contact with their masters. * detect scent that is carried on thermal currents and scent that is on the ground. * develop a non-productive cough - fatty tumors called lipomas - itchiness, hair loss and hives in the groin, flanks and armpits - many of the same immunological diseases as humans - pyometra more often than cats * differ from humans when it comes to the digestive system as well - in their likelihood to show aggressive behavior in any particular situation * dig burrows - gardens - under fences to get to goats * display a wide variety of responses to pain * do behavior. * do communicate, but they do so in a foreign language to humans - die when the hernia gets strangulated or infected - eat muscle meat - funny things and act certain ways * do have a strong sense of smell - some young pups to watch the house - however have unique instincts - like to run - sometimes smile as a greeting to humans - suffer from epilepsy and, just as in people, they respond well to chiropractic care - sweat, but only through their pads and tongues - the same when they hear a whistle - tricks and keep people safe * don t discriminate - hate their bodies - know how to talk on the telephone - like change, and neither do their stomachs - talk a lot - worry about germs * draw attention. * drink a lot - water containing flakes of rust * eat adults as well as young iguanas, while cats eat only young animals - and drink water in a natural, comfortable position, with less strain - both meat and vegetables , often mixed together and sold in stores as dog food - chocolate souffl , too - contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins * eat grass because they are sick or have worms - to make themselves vomit - when they are sick - human faeces - poop for a number of reasons * eat their own faeces * eat, sleep, eat some more. * eating grass mean rain. * embody the definition of a soul mate. * emerge as thoughtful companions with very active minds. * encourage compassion. * enjoy chasing cats because they are dogs - chewy snacks - going for walks even though the food is at home - heavy petting in public - old age at different rates * excel at night vision and the detection of moving objects. * exhibit characteristic postures that reveal their states of mind - itching either by licking or chewing the skin or scratching with their feet - pack behavior and normally regard the head of the household as the leader of the pack * exist in a wide range of sizes, colors, and temperaments. * expend energy in many different ways. * experience ovulation * express dominance to each other by putting their heads, paws, or entire bodies over each other - themselves and communicate with body language, vocalizations and behavior * face problems. * feature ears. * feel guilt when they've done something wrong - pain just like humans - pain, fear, loneliness, joy, love, and loyalty - secure in small, enclosed spaces, like a den - very protective of their family, house, and personal belongings * fight at different intensities and for different reasons. * figure prominently in the lives of many fulfilled oldsters. * follow body language much more than they follow verbal commands. * form dynamic pack structures, and some dogs want to be leaders more than others do - social hierarchies of which the owners can take advantage * freely ingest toxic amounts of chocolate if it is left accessible. * frequently bark while left outside alone on the property - develop soft masses under the skin called lipmas - kill adult kiwi and can cause catastrophic declines in local populations * frequently lose their scent in snow and ice and can easily become lost - and ice and easily become lost - maim and sometimes kill each other in dominance contentions - weight for the same reason that people do * generally are more loving and faithful than bitches - form most of their plaque on the outside of their teeth - like to bed close to their master as they are pack animals - whimper to show sadness instead * get a breath of fresh air on daily walks outside - acute pancreatitis, which can be fatal, and can become chronic and relapsing - cancer at roughly the same rate as humans, while cats get fewer cancers - dandruff like humans and usually it is harmless - giardia from water that has been soiled with feces - hookworm if they come in contact with the larvae in contaminated soil - into fights and they do get bitten - it from feeding on the dead carcass of an infected animal * get lonely when they are by themselves - spend too much time alone - many diseases and parasites through their ears - osteosarcomas more frequently than humans and their disease is very similar - post-vaccinal granulomas, but no neoplastic transformation has been reported - seasonal allergies too - tapeworms by ingesting fleas - the coronavirus when they ingest the feces of another dog with the infection - their energy from fat - very dehydrated when vomiting or having diarrhea * give and receive love unconditionally. - litters, meaning multiple puppies * go after goats individually or in packs, with pack attacks being the worst. - seizures if their blood sugar drops too low and cats act as if they're drunk * go through puberty - stages in their coat development * grow larger and are stronger - thicker winter coats to keep warmer in winter - up quickly too * growl quietly as the morning's first passerby disrupts their sleep. * harass elderly people carrying groceries as well as young children with lunch bags. * harboring adult worms are the recognized reservoir of infection. - guts * hate cats - getting water in their ears and understandably in their nose - the smell * have Buddha nature. * have a den instinct - distinctive sound when they trailing a bear and another when they've treed it - fine sense of hearing * have a good sense of hearing - habitual behaviour pattern they follow prior to eliminating * have a higher metabolic rate than humans - metabolism than people - protein requirement than humans - highly-developed sense of smell * have a keen sense of hearing - smell and are used by humans in hunting, detection, and tracking * have a limited ability to cool themselves - dissipate body heat - long tongue when they re young - low attention span - more sensitive sense of smell than man - much higher incidence of nasal sinus cancer than do people * have a natural instinct to chase and catch things - guard and to protect children - want structure, rules and boundaries - natural, inborn philosophy toward the life they live - passion for fair play and justice - protective instinct - really good nose - rich blood supply in their tongues * have a sense of smell that is at least one hundred times more sensitive than the human nose - is many times more sensitive than man's - which is much more sensitive than the human sense of smell - short digestive tract that is made to digest meat - superior sense of hearing * have a tendency to lick their personal parts - make people forget they're sick - urinate on condensers * have a third eyelid located in the corner of each eye - eyelid, called the nictitating membrane - threshold of tolerance - totally different relationship than any other pet species have with their owners * have a unique relationship with humans, and contribute to human society in many ways - way of determining the direction of sound - very high sense perception * have a very strong sence of smell too - sense of duty - way of bringing people out - wide variety of toys they like - acute hearing - almost as many personalities as humans * have an amazing capacity to learn commands - immunity system specifically designed to eat all manner of bacteria - especially hard time being alone for long periods of time - extreme and very precise level of control over their bite - extremely accurate ability to sense daily routines - incredible hearing ability - inordinate fascination with women's crotches * have anal glands - sacs on either side of the anus which fill with fluid produced by the anal glands - armpits too - as much exposed area inside their nose as they have on their entire body - both indoor and outdoor runs - curly coats - deep thoughts * have definite likes and dislikes, just as people do - musical preferences and a sense of pitch * have different barks for different occasions - needs than humans do - personalities and needs just like people - perspective when it comes to fear behavior reaction - requirements, depending on size, personality, etc - difficulty digesting corn, which is often the number one ingredient in dog foods today - disease, too - distinct body postures they use to communicate - distinctive barks - dog breathe all the time - dog-breath all the time - emotions that can be seen and recognized by humans - enemies - extremely sensitive smelling ability and can probably pick up that odor - fantastic tracking ability because humans leave a pretty good scent trail - favorite places that they like to urinate on - few ways to eliminate heat * have four legs but only two knees, in the back - legs, but walk on one path - molars in the upper jaw and six in the lower - gay sex frequently * have great endurance, but no remarkable speed - inefficient cooling systems compared to humans - intelligence - iron stomachs when it comes to things like that - irrational fears about vacuum cleaning - just one set of tonsils - less reaction to stings than people - long or short muzzles, cats only have short ones - low growth and low market share - magnets on base so they attract or repel when one sniffs at the wrong end * have many boobs - more ear problems than cats * have more receptors and many more types - sense than people do - sensitive noses than humans - special cells in their nose and nasal cavity that are sensitve to different odors - most of the same muscles, tendons, joints, and ligaments as people - natural instincts to protect their homes and families - new tricks * have no guile - psychological sex drive - sweat glands and can only lose heat by panting - taste buds - use for cards, flowers, or jewelry * have no use for flowers, cards, or jewellery - perfume, or jewelry * have only four toes - one cycle which is unrelated to the season and so are monoestrous - paddle shaped sperm heads - personality and behavioral traits just as humans * have powerful jaws that inflict fatal wounds to their prey - jaws, and sharp teeth - precise food requirements - prognathism - puppies because they like to have sex - purposes - quality - relatively poor eyesight but make up for it with their keen hearing and sense of smell - seven lobes or branches of lung * have sharp sense of smell - teeth to grind food and are fast learners - simple stomaches and short digestive tracts for digesting meat - smaller heads than wolves - some tubular secretion of creatinine - special preferences for combinations of sugar and meat - superior night vision - tails, cats have whiskers, elephants have trunks, and people have hands and legs - ten breasts * have the cleanest mouths, followed by cats - innate ability to separate out smells - intellectual and emotional capabilities of two-year old human children * have their own attitudes,voice and body language, and mindset - specific exercise, nutrition and grooming needs - own, personalized lockers to hold items like treats and leashes - three eyelids * have to be on a leash when taken for a walk - six months old before they are spayed or neutered - walked, fed and occasionally bathed - depend on humans for their food and lodging - trouble with spicy foods, fruits and raw vegetables * have two forms of melanin in their coats - glands next to their anus - types of cones * have very complex needs and each dog is unique - few sweat glands and they use painting to reduce their body temperature - keen noses, and they follow a good smell - poor color vision - sharp claws * heal their wounds by licking. - in a range far above the capabilities of the human ear - supersonic whistles that are seemingly silent - ease loss * hold a special place in our hearts. * hunt birds - hares - pheasants * identify things either in black or white. * include dogs. * includes bone cells - brains - chest cavities - chests - corpi - ground substances - marrow - mast cells - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * ingest it during grooming. * inherit their mitochondrial DNA from their mothers. * instinctively bark at anything unusual - chase wildlife, including birds and deer - chew grass - guard their food and their space to protect it - mark their territory * interpret direct eye contact as a threat or challenge * invade areas. * investigate objects with their mouths. * jump according to their shoulder height. * keep the same temperament right through the month - wagging their tails for hours after they die * kill koalas - turtles and other wildlife * know a lot about eugenics. * know how to bark * know things - they have a sense about people - by their smell - when to leave women alone - who their rivals are, they know what to mate with, roughly speaking * laugh, but they laugh with their tails. - the blind and warn epileptics of seizures * learn a lot of things because they are reinforced - at different paces * learn by association - linking cause and effect - directional controls and targeting - easier and faster with positive motivation - everything by association - from positive and negative experiences - from, and react to, the way people behave - many social rules through play - quicker when verbal commands are paired with visual cues - quickly, even bad habits - their behavior patterns through the repetition of reward and punishment * learn through experience * learn to attack rather than retreat - obey through developing self-control rather than out of fear - play from each other - shut off the unwanted sound by stopping the behavior - sit all by themselves - sit, stay, come, down, and walk nicely on a leash - tricks, like begging, shaking hands or playing dead * lick anything, anywhere, in front of anyone - because of a physical or psychological reason - their feet when they are suffering from a contact dermatitis or a food allergy * lie sleeping. * lift heads * lift their legs and pee - on packs and tents * like to bark. * like to be jumped at, patted roughly or scratched in an vigorous manner * like to chase moving objects - things, whether real or imagined - chew on shoes and slippers * like to eat cat food because it is very high in protein, and therefore very tasty - have their own toys - mouth and chew things * like to play and have a good time, just as humans do - fetch - ride in the car - stick close to their leaders * live all across the world - around the farm and most like to sleep in doghouses - and act in a world of exquisitely subtle signals in their interactions with each other - most countries around the world - our houses, eat our food, and share our beds * live in the here and now - moment - into their teens with smaller breeds living longer than the larger breeds - on emotions - with their handlers for the duration of their working lives * live, hunt and play in hierarchical social packs headed by an alpha male and alpha female. * look up and bark when they want something that is in a tree. * lose excess body heat through the pads of their feet and from panting * love beds - chasing toys that look like real animals - company, and having a companion can cut down on destructive or annoying behavior - food more than almost anything else - it, but it can be toxic and even lethal if consumed in large quantities - meat trimmings - red meat - the unusual shape and the raised bumps help keep gums and teeth clean - to be challenged * love to chase creatures - forage or work for their meals * love to learn and they love to be with their owners - new things and are happiest when given a task or job to do * love to play games such as retrieving a ball or stick and many enjoy swimming - keep-away - with a frisbee - retrieve, but sticks can splinter or impale the roof of the mouth - run beneath the sun and splash in streams and oceans - run, chase and retrieve toys - swim and fetch - tug-of-wars - tummy rubs, but most cats are too sensitive for that * mainly cool themselves by panting- breathing in through the nose and out through the mouth. * make all kinds of noises but, more than any other, they bark - funny sound * make good house pets - pets because they like to play in the park - great pets because of their natural bonding with humans and their affinity for children - periodic appearances * mark their territories by urinating on the trees - with scents from their bodies * may have growth - hair growth * metabolize Phenytoin much faster than people. * misbehave more often when they are bored, either physically or mentally. * mostly use facial expressions and body postures to signal intent. * mouth each other about the neck when playing. - to locations * naturally avoid soiling their den or bed area - defend their territories - dig holes for protection * naturally guard their babies, food, bones and toys - puppies, food, bones and toys - have a wonderful sense of smell - love to chase and catch things - run in packs and easily become part of a family * navigate in brush better than humans. * need attention - calcium - calorie intake - daily intake - dental care - medical treatments - special attention * never stop barking. * normally eat less food during the hot summer months - salivate at the sight and smell of food * offer many things to people - people the gifts of steadfast devotion, abiding love and companionship - real value as companion animals * often assist in chukar hunting - bark at the air, and cats purr as if stroked by invisible hands - behave in ways that can be annoying - die from dehydration, blood loss, exhaustion, or shock as a result of a fight * often dig because they are bored and are looking for something mentally stimulating to do - in search of a cool place to lie down - feel the benefits of aspirin therapy or a holistic alternative * often get into garbage - severe flea allergies - give far more love and attention than they receive, and seem happier for doing so - go through very destructive phases - have problems with their heart valves - let the head hang down - lick hands - like a little honey for flavour, on cereals for example * often like to flop over onto one side for brushing, so don t insist that they sit up or stand - go for a walk early in the morning or expect to be fed right away - seem to shut off their noses when the area is all tracked up with human scent - use their mouths during play - work such magic with just the wag of a tail * only have sweat glands in their foot pads - kill when they have to - sweat from the bottoms of their feet, the only way they can discharge heat is by panting * open eyes. * operate as pack animals. * originate from coyotes and wolves * owned by people who travel extensively also have a poorer prognosis. * participating in sport and training activities are subject to episodes of injury. * perform a variety of tasks for individuals with multiple handicaps or special needs * perhaps are the only species, which so easily adapts to living as part of a human family. * perspire through their pads. * pick ticks up while running in fields or wooded areas close to residential areas. * pick up on the energy of their humans * play a prominent role in our lives - very important role in a girl s life - baseball and penguins surf the Internet - big roles - together all day long and are always supervised * pose a minimal risk for transmitting a disease. - superhuman strength while on a bed * prefer areas. * prefer to mark on vertical surfaces to allow the transference of the scent through the air - work things out in their groups peacefully, much as humans do * prey on animals - wild animals - upon animals * probably have the greatest olfactory ability of the domestic species - lack the ability to see the range of colors from green to red * produce a large amount of saliva - multiple allergens, or proteins that can cause allergy * provide a sense of security to people of all ages. * provide an ideal prototype for the study of behavior in humans - interesting proof of evolution - assistance * pull ears back when relaxed, silly, unhappy, or eavesdropping - in more than one direction * pursue animals. * quickly adapt to a routine, and come to expect the same activities on a daily basis - become focused on the handler's body, with particular focus on the shoulders * react differently to young kids - strongly to threats and taunts, whether real or imagined - to heat by panting or digging holes in the earth under shady trees or bushes * receive as much exercise as they are used to with their owners - personal attention daily - training and socialization with other dogs * recognize people by their smell. - spaying or neutering in about a week, with minimal discomfort * reduce depression. * reject certain human food, like honey which comes from flowers. * relate to experience in the moment. * rely on hearing and smell much more than they do their eyes - their keen sense of smell to introduce themselves to their surroundings * remain dogs, corn remains corn, finches remain finches. * remain susceptible to re-infection with hookworms and roundworms - reinfection with hookworms and roundworms * remember faces, cats places. * reproduce sexually. * require a commitment of time, love, and money - good amount of care and attention - regular feeding and exercise schedule - an environment that is consistent, relatively calm, and reliable - certain nutrients, which they can get from dog food - constant attention and care - long term commitment, stability, love, and attention, just like humans - more time than cats * require protein diets - for their muscles, growth and energy, as well as their fur - regular grooming - speed, coordination and teamwork - time and attention * require time, energy, and money to maintain - money, and care and commitment for a lifetime - vaccination against several diseases * requiring heartworm treatments continue to add to the weight of the burden. * reside in spacious runs with both shade and filtered sunlight. * respond to and interpret information they receive through their senses in the following way - peer pressure * respond to stimuli just like humans do - other than what researchers think they are presenting - very well to antibiotic treatment - well to excited happy voices, because of their pack heritage * retch in gutters. * run a higher risk, especially in hunting breeds, of killing a ferret - down deer and livestock, and can be a worry when it comes to small children - free of leashes * run in rain - with their tails higher * running at large are at serious risk to themselves as well as to others. * running in packs are even more threatening to deer - more dangerous than a single dog * salivate in anticipation of food. * save bones in safe spots - human lives and enrich human lives with their energy, love and devotion * scratch, bite, and chew. * see like a color-blind human - only in black and white * seem more genetically wired to develop allergies than cats. * seem to break some kind of law of thermodynamics - do better when their fiber intake is increased - genuinely take pride in their abilities - grin as air blows back their ears as they frolic - have an endless capacity to stuff themselves * seem to incite the wrath of female deer, and many attacks on pets and people have occurred - know when earthquakes are coming a few hours prior - learn patterns far faster in social situations, than in solitary situations * shake off water and run around aimlessly. * share ancestors * show a similar attachment to their owners as human infants show to their mothers - aggression for many different reasons and often for more than one reason - no concern for the welfare of cats - signs of seasonal allergies primarily through their skin - sudden lameness and sometimes signs of severe pain - their fear in many ways * sire puppies. * sit and stand at attention with flyaway ears and lapping tongues. * sleep better and are happier in their own quiet environment - on their owners' beds because it's warm * sniff one another because they are communicating on some basic level. * snort once or twice only. * sometimes bite out of possessiveness or jealousy - deposit urine or feces, usually in small amounts, to scent-mark their territory - grow at a steady pace, sometimes in spurts, or sometimes they just stop growing * sometimes have health problems related to abuse or neglect, or just from being in a shelter - memory lapses - send mixed signals - use urination and defecation to mark their own territories - wonder in and out * speak to one another from hilltop to hilltop - volumes with their ears, eyes, mouth and tail * spend the day sniffing drugs only if they're with the police. * stalk grind squirrels * stay comfrotable laying on mat while the water naturally evaporates - dogs, frogs stay frogs, and people stay people * still have bad breath even after eating a tic tac - eating a tic-tac * suffer from a range of common ailments like fleas, worms, distemper, cuts and bruises - heat just as much or more than people do - narcolepsy and cataplexy much the same as humans - greatly because of the infection * suffering from heart disease, such as congestive heart failure , can develop coughing as well - separation anxiety can be quite vocal and often destructive - systemic anaphylaxis are usually restless and excitable - the disease are usually listless and have poor appetites * swallow food. * sweat mainly between the pads on the bottom of their paws - on the pads of their feet - through their pads and feet * swim against the current of moving water. * take a great interest in what any one gets to eat - between ten and thirty breaths a minute, depending on their size - care of their own needs - drinks by curling their tongues and scooping water into their mouths - more time to care for and, in particular, to exercise - up space in shelters * talk with their behavioral actions. * tend to adapt to moving more easily than cats. * tend to bark a lot when left alone - for prolonged periods if they are bored when left alone * tend to be less serious due to their inability to catch birds, but still pose a threat - more social, and more active in their adult stages than cats - natural adversaries - become homeless just when they are finally getting good - bite after the virus reaches their salivary glands - bravado - carry more coat and mane than bitches - dream with more action and for shorter times than people - get bacterial and yeast ear infections, while cats tend to get ear mites * tend to have a good sense of smell and acute hearing - different allergy symptoms than people do - lift their heads after taking a drink to facilitate swallowing - lose their power of hearing, as they age - meander quite a bit, giving their trials a zig-zag appearance - pull against pressure - require a much higher dose than human beings to prevent rejection - run farther and are more sporadic in their habits - thrive on the simplest rewards of success and praise * there are less apt to be vaccinated. * thrive on attention and lots of love - human contact - several hours of exercise and companionship every day * to adapt to environments - mark territory - move muscles * track in dirt. * traveling with their owners can spread infected ticks to distant locations. * try to appear larger by holding their tails and ears up and raising the fur on their backs - avoid confrontation and can serve as peacemakers in situations * typically catch a nail in rugs, carpets, decks, etc. * ultimately collapse and are unable to continue exercising. * undergo examinations * understand many words and sentences - self-indulgence better than humans * urinate where they so choose. * use a lot of body language to communicate - aggression in response to what they see as a threat * use barking as one way to communicate - to communicate with each other and to communicate with humans - growls and barks to communicate a variety of things - rank as a method of ensuring peace - premolars to chew on rawhides, bones, and other chew toys - voice to communicate how they feel * usually are quite depressed and quickly become dehydrated - attack from the side or rear inflicting non-fatal wounds on various parts of the body - become infected with Parvo when they come into contact with contaminated faeces - fight only when necessary * usually get tapeworms when they eat a flea that ate a tapeworm egg - whipworms from eating eggs that other dogs have shed * usually have a heat cycle twice a year until they reach menopause - more pronounced waist than bitches, giving greater curve to lower body - some curve to their tails - know just enough to get themselves in trouble - learn to associate certain cues with short absences by their owners - lick an area on the front leg, whereas the problem in cats can occur in various areas - respond to positive reinforcement - show an immediate improvement in muscle strength that is of short duration - sleep all day - warn a child to stop by growling or showing their teeth * vary greatly in temperament - widely in their consumption of water * view their human families as their social group. * visit homes. * want food + Dog, Dogs and humans * Dogs have lived with people for at least 30,000 years. Dogs can serve people in many ways. For example, there are guard dogs, hunting dogs, herding dogs, and guide dogs for blind people. There are also dogs that are trained to smell for diseases in the human body or to find bombs or illegal drugs. These dogs sometimes help police in airports or other areas. Dogs have even been sent by Russians into outer space, a few years before any human being. The first dog sent up was called Laika, but died while there. + Eugenics: Genetics :: Society * Eugenics rests on some basic ideas. The first is that, in genetics, what is true of animals is also true of man. The characteristics of animals are passed on from one generation to the next in heredity, including mental characteristics. For example, the behaviour and mental characteristics of different breeds of dog differ, and all modern breeds are greatly changed from wolves. Dogs are wolves modified by breeding. The breeding and genetics of farm animals show that if the parents of the next generation are chosen, then that affects what offspring are born. * It has been domesticated by humans for a long time. It was the first animal ever to be domesticated. Dogs are used by humans for many different things, for work and as pets. They are a popular pet because they are usually playful, friendly, and listen to humans. Thirty million dogs in the United States are registered as pets. Dogs eat both meat and vegetables, often mixed together and sold in stores as dog food. Dogs often have jobs, including as police dogs, army dogs, seeing eye dogs, fire dogs, messenger dogs, hunting dogs and sheepdogs. + Fact, Facts as statements, Examples of fact statements: Philosophy - False statements + Purebred dog + Rottweiler, Behaviour: Dog breeds * Dogs are pack animals. When they feel threatened, they will defend themselves. They will also protect other members of the pack to a certain extent. Since dogs judge dangerous situations differently, they should not be left unattended near a place where people are arguing. They may also judge 'unattended' moves of a child as an attack. Therefore dogs should not be left alone near children.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Active dog * More active dogs require large volumes of food when compared to hounds that are kept as couch dogs. * can become restless when left alone for long periods - burn off energy - eat more without the concerns of putting on extra weight * expend a great deal more energy than the average pet.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Adult dog * are also better for families with young children - more loving than pups - very affectionate and like to spend as much time with their master as possible * can also contract the virus, although it's relatively uncommon - have a towel put down in the areas that they are prone to rest and sleep * chew mainly to relieve anxiety or boredom, or simply for enjoyment. * have better bladder control and more attention span than a young puppy - invert papillomas - many distinct advantages over puppies - normal routines and food intake - several positive advantages over puppies - teeth - tendencies - variation * lick each others faces to show submission, and also affection and friendliness. * need homes. * receive a rabies vaccine every three years. * require nutrients - sufficient nutrients * thrive on diets.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Affected dog * Many affected dogs develop cataracts. * Most affected dogs have functional vision, but some are blind in one or both eyes - lose the function of their hind legs within six months to two years after onset - respond well to medication to make it easier to breathe * appear to be in extreme pain and vomit frequently. * are frequently lame or have an abnormal gait. * are normal at rest and exhibit normal ability to walk until they are stressed - prior to the onset of the disease * die because of anemia and hepatic failure and death by five years of age. * have hips that are structurally and functionally disease free at birth - no impaired vision * live normal lives. Aggressive dog * are often a reflection of their owner's character. * can lead to serious liabilities. * come in big, medium, and small sizes. Alsatian * includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - ground substances - heads - marrow - mast cells - pads - paws - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * sheep dog * tend to live two to four years longer than German shepherds. Black dog * absorb more of the sun's rays than do dogs with lighter-colored coats - the sun's rays, so they get hot more quickly than lighter-colored dogs * appear on scenes. * are more susceptible to the heat - rare in Britain Blind dog * Many blind dogs are afraid of stairs. * lead happy lives as long as they are comfortable - if they are comfortable Blue dog * can be blue, blue mottled, or blue speckled with or without black, tan, or white markings. * have a lighter coloured eye. Breed of dog * Every breed of dog has a rescue organization. * Many breeds of dog are susceptible to food sensitivities that affect their digestion and excretion. * Some breeds of dog become very anxious or bored if left alone, some require high levels of exercise. Breed of dogs * All breeds of dogs can breed with each other - have difference personalities - require love and attention from their owners * Many breeds of dogs are hundreds of years old - have dominant temperaments, especially the working breeds and terriers * Some breeds of dogs have hair instead - present a problem, especially if it has a history of biting - require regular grooming and maintainance care for their ears	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Bulldog * Many bulldogs have tight and screw tails. * Most bulldogs become pets - die at ages * Most bulldogs have coats - foreheads - glossy coats - lips - shoulders - wide shoulders - windpipes * Some bulldogs die of causes - lose weight * also do well with people at the other end of the age spectrum. * are a family hobby - low-exercise dog * are a very special breed with special needs - stubborn and tenacious breed - aggressive to show their worth as watch dogs when any stranger approaches * are also a symbol of courage and stubbornness - at high risk for gastric torsion - both powerful and clumsy dogs - docile, easy going, lazy dogs - especially susceptible in the face and tail areas - friendly, easygoing and get along with everyone, including children and other animals - good with other pets, but sometimes aggressive with strange dogs - intelligent - prone to health problems and tend to slobber profusely - tenacious, stubborn and they do drool * are very active hence they consume protein rich food - friendly and playful, whilst also being stubborn and protective * are very sensitive to heat and very hard to cool down if overheated * can be quite friendly, despite a reputation for stubbornness - die from heat exhaustion - have some genetic health difficulties, as can any pure bred dog * catch squirrels. * chill easily and have difficulty cooling off in very hot weather. * do have some special needs and do require some special care - well with children and make great family pets * generally are aloof but are very friendly towards humans. - issues - sensitive skin, and many are prone to allergies - undershot jaws, protruding canines, and broad chests - very small nasal cavities and thus have great difficulty keeping their bodies cool - ground substances - paws - skulls * love human attention. * need stimulation. * remain companions. * require a climate-controlled environment. * shake heads. * tend to have small tracheas considering their size. ### animal \| dog \| bulldog: English bulldog * Most english bulldogs become pets * Most english bulldogs have coats - foreheads - wide shoulders * Some english bulldogs die of causes. * are in many cases a product of their environment. - comparatively short average lifespans - the same problems as humans French bulldog * Most french bulldogs have coats - smooth coats * have a tendency towards eye issues - windpipes Capricorn dog * are serious guys who appear to be a little shy. * seem to know that good things come to dogs that wait.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Dachshund * All dachshunds have one, and only one, self color. * also are free from doggy odor. * appear predisposed, as their disks age or degenerate quicker than most dogs. * are a low-maintenance breed - canines - diggers - great diggers of earth, thanks to their physical features - intelligent dogs with an independent nature and playful spirit - known for being lively and enjoy chasing other small animals, birds, and toys - statistically more aggressive to both strangers and other dogs - well known for their elongated shape * can easily damage their spines because of their long backs. * have a relatively long life expectancy - tendency to become overweight and lazy - soulful eyes and complex facial expressions * often bond closely with a single person - have spinal problems, that is, their backbone can become injured * reproduce like all other dogs. * require minimal routine brushing to keep their coats healthy and in good condition. + Dachshund, Health - Temperament (mood or emotions) * Dachshunds are playful, fun dogs. Many dachshunds are strong-headed or stubborn, and that means they can be hard to train. In fact, they can be much more loyal than other kinds of dogs. But wire-haired dachshunds often do not show that kind of loyalty to their owners	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Dalmatian * Some Dalmatians have skin problems and allergies. * also have a tendency toward deafness - suffer from skin allergies - also prone to skin problems and allergies * are among the most ancient breeds of dogs - very best dogs that any person can own - clowns and can be exasperating - especially in puppyhood * are extremely active and require large amounts of exercise and attention - intelligent dogs - fairly large dogs - family dogs, very intelligent, and strong minded - generally healthy, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions * are high energy dogs who like to exercise - house dogs - hyperactive dogs - marathon runners with tremendous amounts of energy - medium sized dogs , and they are very active and lively - medium-sized, short coated dogs - natural dogs, cat-like in cleanliness and free of doggy odor - one breed that exhibit a high incidence of congenital deafness * are people dogs - oriented dogs that like to spend lots of time with their families - people-like and people oriented - territorial - the only dogs that have the facial muscles to actually smile - unique , being the only dog that produces uric acid , just as humans do - versatile, hard-working dogs * are very energetic dogs and thus can be a challenging breed to care for - head strong dogs and very energetic - intelligent dogs, who can get the best of their owner - voracious eaters and train easily with food treats - white dogs * can also be prone to deafness, kidney stones, and skin disorders. * can be black spotted or brown spotted - have jobs like hunting dogs, or guard dogs - take two to three years to mature mentally * have a unique uric acid metabolism - uric acid anomaly that can lead to the formation of urate stones - smooth coat requiring little grooming - the extreme piebald gene * just love to eat. * make excellent pets for older, well-behaved children - good pets for older, well-behaved children * require early socialization with a wide variety of people and dogs. * shed all year round - little tiny hairs all year long - twice a year, six months in the spring and six months in the fall * thrive on the activity associated with children in a normal, busy household. * usually get on well with other dogs and are great in multi pet households. + Dalmatian (dog), Characteristics * They are also very loyal companions. Dalmatians are medium sized dogs, and they are very active and lively. They are brave and smart, and their senses are very bright. This makes them fit for a companion dog. Diabetic dog * do reasonably well until they lose most of their ability to utilize sugar. * require regular injections of insulin to control their blood glucose levels. Doggie * are located in beds. * exist in the outside world of fact. Dominant dog * determine how a pack is to react to an approaching stranger. * tend to object the most. Drug dog * are located in airports - police dogs * can find drugs because they are addicted to drugs. Epileptic dog * Many epileptic dogs are well-controlled on anticonvulsent medication. * Most epileptic dogs can have their seizures controlled by daily medication. * Some epileptic dogs have fewer seizures. * can sometimes have seizures triggered by stressful situations and events. * have a very low seizure threshold. Fearful dog * Most fearful dogs tend to stay quite close to their owner. * can be just as dangerous as aggressive ones. * take a lot of training and can bite or snap when they feel threatened. German shepherd dog * benefit from calorie diets * have sensitive stomachs * reach adulthood. Guard dog * are an effective method to reduce predation on livestock - trained to kill and maim * become ill the same as any livestock. * protect people, places and animals. * serve as sentries at military bases around the world.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| guard dog: Schipperke * are dogs - fun, energetic, beautiful and intelligent dogs - little black bundles of energy - watchdogs * can have troubles with anesthetics for surgery. * have short, compact bodies with squared shoulders. * love children and exhibit energetic, curious personalities.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Guide dog * Some guide dogs are on vitamin supplements. * are also under the umbrella term of assistance dog - at work, even when sleeping under chairs - obedient and accustomed to waiting - one type of service animal, used by some individuals who are blind - responsible for keeping their human partner safe - the oldest known assistance dogs * are trained to automatically stop at all intersections, regardless of traffic lights - lead the blind or vision impaired - very highly trained and disciplined * assist people who are blind. * assure safe, convenient mobility for persons who are blind. * do get to play, but it is exclusively with their handlers. * have to be groomed daily. * help blind people get around on their own and live as much as a normal life as possible. * lead the blind, and some service dogs pull wheelchairs for the handicapped. * learn to stop whenever there change in ground elevation, such as at curbs. ### animal \| dog \| gun dog: Bird dog * are bird intensive - somewhat the same as hunting retrievers * gun dog Griffon * are a sporting dog, and have been developed to withstand routine daily hunting - affectionate and joyous family pets * do, as a rule, get along well with other dogs of all breeds. * have a classic appearance, with their eyebrows and beard lending to their unkempt visage - very long, thin, weak and sparsley coated tail<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog \| gun dog: Retriever * are an important aid in finding fallen pheasants - dogs that are easily trained to locate and bring back dead, or wounded, game - very good in the water and often used by hunters shooting ducks * retrieve game once it is killed. * sometimes have problems with their hips. + Gun dog: Dogs * Gun dogs' or 'gundogs', also called 'bird dogs', are types of dogs used to assist hunters in finding and retrieving game, usually birds. Flushing dogs flush game from hiding. Pointer dogs point their muzzle towards game to allow the hunter to locate the animal. Retrievers retrieve game once it is killed. Some kennel clubs define a Gundog Group for gundogs, while other kennel clubs include them in the Sporting Group. + Hunting dog, Types of hunting dogs, Retrievers * The main job of a retriever is to get the animal after the hunter shoots it. Retrievers are very good in the water and often used by hunters shooting ducks. ### animal \| dog \| gun dog \| retriever: Golden retriever * Golden Retrievers make good service dogs because of their intelligence and good temperament. * are breeds of dog - retrievers * come in any color between blonde and a deep golden red. * make great pets. * tend to have a high rate of cancer, likely because of a genetic problem. ### animal \| dog \| gun dog \| setter: English setter * are for people that want a dog as part of the family. * have an aristocratic head and a muscular neck. ### animal \| dog \| gun dog \| spaniel: Clumber * adapt readily to their owners' lifestyles. * are a gentle person's dog - in general a gentle, stoic breed - susceptible to hip dysplasia and entropion * generally enjoy robust good health, thriving on exercise. * tend to drool because of their very droopy flews.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| gun dog \| spaniel: Cocker * Many Cockers also love to do tricks, and play games with balls, as well. * Some cockers have coats that are two different colors. * are adaptable dogs and can be easily trained to retrieve as well as flush - sensitive and playful dogs, and they love people, often more than other dogs - the smallest of the land spaniels * come in a wide variety of colors, solids, and parti-colors, and several combinations - many different colors * vary greatly in temperament, personality, and activity level. Cocker spaniel * are breeds of dog - popular family pets - subject to cataracts, glaucoma, retinal degenerations and eyelid deformities. * The English cocker Spaniel and the American Cocker Spaniel. Originally, these dogs were bred in England for hunting Eurasian Woodcock. Cocker spaniels are popular family pets Vizsla * are dogs - maniacs until they reach about the age of two * have a short, sleek coat that requires minimal grooming - beautiful, soft, rust-colored coats that require very little maintenance Hairless dog * Most hairless dogs have teeth. * can have skin problems such as acne, and their thin skin is easily wounded. Healthy dog * Most healthy dogs can run for extremely long periods of time. * Some healthy dogs have fevers. * are in danger from salmonella as are humans.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Hound * Most hounds follow artificial scent - kill sheep - live in places - move jaws - share the common ancestral trait of being used for hunting * Some hounds become ancestors. * Some hounds eat rabbits * Some hounds kill animals - cats - foxes - relate to animals - share the distinct ability to produce a unique sound known as baying * are dogs that usually hunt by scent or site - less likely to injure than working or sporting breeds - natural hunters by scent rather than by sight - often more mellow but are ruled by their senses - sensitive, even-tempered, gently and highly affectionate - sturdy and hardy * chase hares. * have a rather soft temperament. * hunt animals * includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - ears - faces - ground substances - heads - marrow - mast cells - pads - paws - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * never stay outside overnight. * require attention - supervision * tend to be slower to obedience train as their background lends itself to independence.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog \| hound: Basset * Most Bassets prefer to be family dogs. * are a breed that are hardy and brave - at great risk for accidental drowning - bred for stamina - known as a vocal breed - large, short, solid and long, with curved sabre tails held high over their long backs - pack animals who are good-tempered affectionate and loyal - prone to obesity , and too much weight can stress their joints - used in hunting to detect the scent of game * can easily drown. * do have one health problem that is predominant and that is ear infections. * drool and have a habit of getting their ears wet, when they shaking their heads. * have a special hound scent - tendency to put on weight fairly easily - an excellent sense of smell - easygoing temperaments , making males and females excellent pets * like to eat and are prone to obesity. * tend to be high on hock and so stand naturally with their hind legs well under their bodies. * thrive in the woods. + Basset Hound: Dog breeds * The 'Basset Hound' is a short-legged dog, of the hound family. Bassets are used in hunting to detect the scent of game. Their sense of smell for tracking is second only to that of the Bloodhound.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| hound: Basset hound * are couch potatoes who laze around all day barely breathing - less intelligent than other dogs - medium-sized dogs - short, heavy-bodied dogs with large, floppy ears that almost reach the ground - sweet-natured dogs * are usually black, white and tan or red and white - very active dogs that get into trouble regularly - wonderful, loving dog that are often mistaken for small dogs * is bred primarily for hunting.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| hound: Beagle * Make many different sounds. * Most beagles have legs - noses - senses - sensitive noses - move legs - reach ages * Some beagles are tall and slender, others shorter and quite muscular - change color - sleep in beds - suffer from diseases. * can have coats of different colors. They usually have brown eyes * are a hunting breed - small dog that requires a proper diet * are also among the healthiest of all of the dog breeds - happy dogs with extremely upbeat personalities - curious and have a tendency to follow their noses - especially prone to glaucoma - friendly to dogs and children as well as strangers - generally very healthy, but susceptible to vertebral problems and hip dysplasia - happiest when they can be with other dogs - hounds - intelligent, quick dogs, but bore easily - merry adults, eager to romp and play with children, toys, or other dogs - natural trackers, so they have a tendency to wander away from home - naturally energetic - nice dogs, but they are called hounds because that is what they do, they hunt - notorious for being hard to house train * are one of the oldest hound breeds, bred for centuries to hunt hares by scent - the oldest dogs living - part of the hound group and are one of the oldest breeds of hunting dog in the world - popular for a number of reasons - prone to get retinal atrophy, glaucoma and corneal problems - quite a vocal breed and can bay loudly at times - small hounds used to hunt hares - software - sturdy, medium-sized dogs that resemble a small version of a fox hound - the best breed of dog * are very busy dogs, very active - people-oriented and like to be around humans - wanderers by nature because of their highly developed sense of smell * burn calories at a faster rate than some other breeds, especially when they are puppies. * can be noisy and difficult to train - easily gain weight if overfed - function well with very limited sight as long as their environment is kept constant - live well into their mid teens * come in various colors. * do tend to play with their mouths and chew on things, though they almost never bite. * eat more than basset hounds, but less than collies. * find food. * follow scent. * generally love children. * have a characteristic white tip on their tails called a stern or flag - mild and affectionate nature - square muzzle, round ears, slightly curved, cheerful tails, and round feet * have a tendency to follow their own noses - very sleek and shorthaired coat - an incredible sense of smell, as compared to other breeds of dogs and humans - charming, boisterous personalities, and make good family pets - great noses, but they do make the occasional typo - howls - large brown or hazel eyes, which are set far apart - long, drooping ears that can create a warm, wet place for bacteria to grow - loud howls - noses made for following scent trails to their end - very distinctive barks * includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - faces - ground substances - heads - marrow - mast cells - pads - paws - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * live longer than many of the large breeds. * love to eat and are good beggars - spend time with their family, and are happiest when they can * need care - dental care - professional dental care * shake heads. * tend to keep themselves extremely clean - maintain that puppy attitude for many years longer than most breeds * typically have some ear issues during their lifetime.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| hound: Bloodhound * also are a little slower to mature than other breeds. * are able to follow any scent, even human - a rare ability in a dog - droolers and have a tendency to snore and howl - energetic dogs that can be boisterous and independent - fearless tracking dogs with incredible guard dog potential - friendly, often very good with children - the oldest breed of sporting dogs, which hunt by scent * are usually a gentle and affectionate breed - good with children and other dogs and pets - weapons * can be prone to bloat which condition that involves the gastro-intestinal system - make an amazing variety of sounds * have a distinctive dog-type odor - doggy odor, which is offensive to some people - keen sense of smell even for dogs - tendency to howl, snore, and drool a lot - an affectionate and even-tempered nature with humans, making excellent family pets - just as much energy as most terriers * shed, how much varies with individual hounds. * suffer chronic eye irritation and infection. * use their super-powerful noses to find people who are lost. * The 'bloodhound' large breed of dog famous for its incredible tracking ability by scent. It has a long nose, large ears with wrinkles on its face. Its fur is short and its coat is usually a brown and black color. Bloodhounds are usually a gentle and affectionate breed. The Bloodhound lives an average of six years and nine months. Bloodhounds are often used by police because of its tracking ability.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog \| hound: Coonhound * Many coonhounds do have a strong prey drive. * Most Coonhounds are very stubborn and can be manipulative. * are dogs - intelligent, entertaining and amusing - more so than most * are scent hounds and run their game entirely by smell - skillful hunters and excellent companions * are very high energy dogs - intelligent, and have inventive minds * can be different. * do enjoy a daily walk, but are also very happy to sleep the day away on the couch. * grow at normal speed, but are very slow-maturing. * have a reputation for being stupid and difficult to train. * love children, usually, and can make wonderful companions for lonely ones. * make excellent family pets. * mature slower than most breeds. * obviously have strong instincts to chase small fleeing creatures. * usually have excellent health. Elkhound * are actually large game hunters, such as moose - also good sled dogs - generally healthy, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions * prefer cool climates.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog \| hound: Foxhound * Most foxhounds have noses. * Some foxhounds are descended from hounds. * Some foxhounds have great stamens * are bred to run - fabulous creatures * enjoy the company of other dogs and can become bored if kept alone. * includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - faces - ground substances - heads - marrow - mast cells - pads - paws - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * need diets. * seem to be very rare in Germany. ### animal \| dog \| hound \| foxhound: American foxhound * Most american foxhounds have noses. * Some american foxhounds are descended from hounds. * Some american foxhounds have great stamens * need diets.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| hound: Greyhound * Many greyhounds are actually afraid of cats. * Many greyhounds get along fine with cats, small animals and children - well with cats and other small animals - never live past fifth birthdays * Most Greyhounds can learn to live with cats as well - love the company of other dogs, and many live happily with cats as well - greyhounds adapt quickly and happily to home life * Most greyhounds are fine with cats - good with small pets - kennel trained - very tolerant of small children - can be house-broken in a very short period of time * Some Greyhounds adapt well to homes with very small animals. * Some greyhounds are afraid of cats - excellent swimmers - pack rats, collecting items to take outside or store in their beds - territorial about their beds * adapt well to household life and are wonderful with children. * adore romping and frolicking outdoors, but after play time, they belong indoors. * also enjoy walking and are well trained to the leash - have higher levels of red blood cells than other breeds * appear to be the most ancient dog breed. * are a calm, gentle breed, and make excellent pets - gentle, mild, quiet animal by nature - healthy breed and their life expectancy is twelve or more years - pure breed * are able to get along with cats - see clearly at long distances - affectionate and intelligent dogs who thrive on human companionship - affectionate, docile and gentle, and they live to please their family members - among the most gentle of breeds * are an affectionate breed of dog and enjoy the company of people and especially children - inquisitive, gentle, mild, quiet animal by nature * are as active as their owners - diverse in personality as they are in color - by nature a very swift, docile breed - calm, gentle dogs and make great companions for people of all ages - clean, gentle dogs that thrive on love and affection - docile, gentle, low-key creatures - easy live with but they do have special needs - elegant, intelligent, affectionate pets that are good with cats and children - experts at learning to open unsecured cabinet doors * are extremely companionable and social - dog-social and can easily fit into homes where another breed of dog lives - prone to a life-threatening digestive syndrome called bloat * are extremely sensitive and intelligent and respond quickly to voice command - animals and respond quickly to training - friendly by nature and socialize well - gentle and quiet - gentle, sensitive, loyal, and brave animals - house pets - indoor dogs * are intelligent and quick learners - dogs that learn quickly - mild, gentle, and quiet by nature - much larger than infants, and even some youngsters up to the age of five - natural athletes, and they love to race around in circles within a fenced yard - naturally a thin dog - outstanding pets - particularly sensitive to the chemical in flea collars - patient, loving animals - polite, sweet, affectionate dogs that do well with people and other animals - puppies at heart and swift runners - quiet and calm - racers - sensitive creatures who want to please - shy and sensitive, but they are also inquisitive and love people * are sight hounds and can see clearly for a half mile - which means they hunt by sight - sighthounds and by natural instinct like to run and chase things that move quickly - sound as a hound - special dogs * are the fastest breed of dog - dogs on earth - dogs, and have primarily been bred for coursing game and racing - oldest breed of dog - only canine mentioned in Holy Scripture - world's oldest purebred dogs and are noted for their loyalty and intelligence - true athletes - typically a healthy and long-lived breed, and hereditary illness is rare - used to traveling and adapt quickly to riding in cars * are usually between two and five years old when they retire - patient and calm dogs - very healthy with a life expectancy the same as that of other breeds * are very aware of pack order whether it is within the family or among other dogs - calm and affectionate animals - content to lay on their beds and sleep most of the day - gentle, loving dogs - sensitive to insecticides - smart, but also powerful and fast - social animals - sweet, gentle, affectionate, quiet, intelligent dogs * blend youth, experience. * can be very cat-friendly - become VERY competitive when running together, and things can get out of hand * claim descent from the desert dogs of the pharaohs and Arab sheiks. * come in a variety of colors - colourings with brindle and fawn being the most common - wide array of colors, with various shades of brindle being most common - almost any color imaginable with short velvet smooth coats - many different colours - solids, from white to black, and in patches and in brindle coloring * cope well as three-legged dogs. * easily adapt to the life-style of their new owners. * enjoy walking or jogging, and are very well behaved on a leash. * forbids all dogs, except guide dogs. * form strong bonds with their owners and make wonderful family pets. * get gas when they are nervous or stressed. * hang out when their humans are on vacation. * have a definite prey instinct - sensitivity to certain types of anesthesia and internal flea medications - very fine, soft coat - all the advantages of breeding and training when it comes to being a good pet - better eyesight than any other breed of dog - different personality types just as people do - half the body fat of other dogs and hence are more sensitive to the cold - lean bodies and long legs * have little body fat and a thin coat - padding and they have skin that tears easily - thin skin that can tear easily - very short fur, which is easy to maintain - virtually no body fat, are very clean, and require very little grooming * live in climate-controlled kennels, usually on or near the tracks where they race - most happily as pets in quiet environments * love children and other pets. * love to be groomed and cared for - petted more than most dogs, particularly on their necks, rear ends and snouts - run, and are competitive by instinct * make excellent apartment pets - great pets, are very chill, and are friendly as all get out - terrific pets * make wonderful companion animals and are loving and responsive to human contact - indoor pets * possess one of the best temperaments of all dog breeds. * prefer to walk on a slack lead and, for dogs of their size, are unusually easy to handle. * range in color from red and black to white and fawn. * really enjoy being groomed. * require about as much exercise as any other large dog - no more exercise than other large dogs - special attention with anesthesia, flea treatments, and medications * run on the west coast. * spend most of their lives in the company of other dogs, their trainers, and handlers - with other greyhounds and usually adapt well to other dogs - their racing lives in the company of other dogs * tend to be couch potatoes after their sprint around the yard - walk away if play becomes too much, rather than snap * wear muzzles when they race to protect one another from snapping.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| hound \| greyhound: Whippet * always attract attention in public. * are also prone to getting upset stomachs at times - graceful, affectionate, mild-mannered and easy to care for - intelligent, independent, learn quickly and become bored with repetition - swift and agile runners - very affectionate, loving animals * benefit greatly from regular exercise. * have a relatively quiet nature - little hair or body fat * make very gentle and obedient pets since they are surprisingly sensitive and docile dogs. Otterhound * are hounds. * can be very bright dogs - at least when it comes to getting something they want - swim for hours * have big hairy feet that are attracted to mud. * make intelligent, faithful pets and are very gentle for their size. * wear a heavy, oily water repellent coat that resists cold and moisture. Wolfhound * Most Wolfhounds are very gentle with children. * require a lot of room to grow, play and exercise.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Husky * Huskies again are a nordic arctic breed dog. * Huskies are bred to run and pull - curious, alert, and sometimes nosey - for people who live an active life - friendly towards people and kids of all ages - generally healthy, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions - in fact, often quite territorial, mostly with other dogs - mammals, and all mammals reproduce sexually - medium-sized dogs - prone to a skin condition called zinc responsive dermatosis - very unlike other dog breeds when it comes to feeding - enjoy the company of other dogs as they are used to living in large groups - go blind more often than other dogs * Huskies have large, hairy feet that are ideal for gripping the snow - no body odor, so they never smell - like to groom themselves, just like a cat - live outdoors all their lives - love to dig, especially down through layers of snow - make great pets for households with children - show a balance of power , speed and endurance - value the company of people and other dogs - wear little booties to protect their feet in bad snow conditions + Siberian Husky: Dog breeds * The 'Siberian Husky' is a medium-sized working dog. It is quick and graceful. They have a compact and furry body, pointed ears, and a bushy tail. The husky is a sled dog. It is used for carrying a light load over great distances. Huskies show a balance of power, speed and endurance. Male huskies are usually thicker in appearance than female huskies. ### animal \| dog \| husky: Siberian husky * Siberian huskies are active dogs - breeds of dog - perhaps the most calorically efficient canines - sled dogs - the greatest family dogs in the world - live any where now where humans are, seeing that they are owned by humans * sled dogs are a balance of both speed and power while possessing endurance. Hypothyroid dog * Some hypothyroid dogs have a mild anemia. * are typically a little overweight. * lose weight easily once they start regular treatment with daily pills. Infected dog * Many infected dogs exhibit no symptoms until the disease is in an advanced state. * Most infected dogs have a fever and stuffed up head - no renal damage * have a dry nonproductive cough. * sound like they have a bone in their throat. * tend to have excess mucus in the feces. Intelligent dog * Most intelligent dogs have ability. * are often easily bored and can be stubborn. Keeshond * are dogs. * shed their dense undercoats each fall and spring.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Large dog * Most large dogs live in areas. * Most large dogs wear collars - iron collars - wide collars - weigh kgs * are dogs such as retrievers, German shepherds, and collies - hard to put under a table in a restaurant or out of the way on a bus or plane - harder to travel with, and more expensive to leave behind with a sitter or kennel - more susceptible to hip problems called Dysplasia, than small dog breeds - talls * breeds like the German shepherd take quite a while to reach maturity. * can be more difficult to manage than smaller dogs. * consume mass quantities of food. * require a great deal more food than small dogs. * tend to shake smaller ones by holding onto the scruff of the neck. Larger dog * are more vulnerable than smaller dogs. * develop at a much slower rate than small dogs. * react better to lower tones while smaller dogs have a better reaction to higher tones. * require a higher volume of water - daily romps outdoors * suffer from more serious skeletal issues and disease than their smaller counterparts. Leo dog * are fiercely loyal and obedient. * love to be admired and groomed. Little dog * Most little dogs have expectancy - life expectancy * are more likely to bite than big dogs. * can live anywhere. * make appearances - periodic appearances * tend to live a lot longer than larger breeds.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Malamute * All malamutes have brown eyes. * Many malamutes are friendly with dogs of the opposite sex, but aggressive with same sex dogs. * Some malamutes are very active, whereas others prefer little exercise. * are a very intelligent and clever breed - family oriented and love to be with people - highly independent and strong willed * are of various colors, but are usually gray or black and white - usually wofish gray or black and white - colours - varying colours, but are usually wolfish grey or black and white - sled dogs - susceptible to hot spots, which look like raw scrapes on their skin - the traditional freight hauling variety of sled dogs - very intelligent although sometimes difficult to train - well adapted to the cold having two coats of hair * can be family pets , but are very active - howl quite loudly when trying to communicate with other dogs - withstand a wide range of temperatures and live happily * come in various colors. * constantly strive to prove their superiority to strange dogs. * have a strong independent nature - very thick undercoat which sheds once a twice a year - broad, reasonably rounded skulls - extraordinary capacities for endurance - huge feet and rugged toenails * love to work, and have great endurance and strength. * shed profusely about twice a year. * usually have a shorter and less dense coat during the summer months - shorter and less dense coats when shed out during the summer months * working long hard days in cold weather require a diet high in fat and protein. + Alaskan Malamute: Dog breeds * This dog is the largest and oldest of the Arctic sled dogs. Malamutes can be family pets, but are very active. They enjoy sledding, running and swimming with their owners. Their coat is thick and comes in colors from light gray to black or from sable to red. They have a plumed tail.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Male dog * Every male dog has the capacity to father hundreds of puppies. * Many male dogs live together in complete harmony. * Most male dogs raise legs. * Most male dogs reach full maturity - sexual maturity * Some male dogs use pheromone. * are more aggressive and more likely to fight, especially with other male dogs - than female dogs - likely to bite than female dogs - sometimes equally anxious to mark their territories * can be aggressive with other animals - make good children's pets if they are desexed - sense females in heat through pheromones - suffer from prostate problems, just like men do * get interested in sex very early. * have a bone in the end of the penis, with a groove in it - an increased incidence of osteosarcomas * tend to urinate more frequently and therefore in smaller quantities. Mastiff * are dogs - gentle and intelligent guard dogs - prone to bloat, as well as hip and elbow dysplasia * can be territorial dogs. * come well above the waist of a medium-sized man and have large, powerful jaws. * have a difficult time with change - huge heads and slobber a lot - massive bulk, powerful jaws and thick skin * now have a DNA gene test. ### animal \| dog \| mastiff: Tibetan mastiff * Tibetan Mastiffs make excellent watchdogs and protectors, but tend to bark frequently. * are large dogs with a lion-like appearance - quiet indoors and active outdoors Mature dog * Some mature dogs go through heat. * have time. Mutt * are less prone to the genetic diseases that afflict many purebred dogs. * have individuality. * often make excellent kid dogs. Obese dog * are at greater risk than others. * have heavy fat over the ribs, along the spine, and around the tail. Old dog * are difficult to place in homes. * have new tricks - the same capabilities to learn, and can actually learn faster than puppies<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Older dog * Many older dogs are very healthy well into their teens - develop arthritis in their joints and spondyliti changes the spine * Some older dogs can have behavior problems so engrained that they simply become management cases - develop a temporary head tilt from an unknown cause * are also more prone to developing overuse injuries - just as capable of learning as younger dogs - more likely to have heart failure due to mitral valve insufficiency - usually more quiet than rowdy young dogs * become more susceptible to such diseases of old age as tumors. * can focus better because they're more mellow - get dental problems just like older people - sometimes benefit by repeated exposures to other dogs if introduced properly * go through physical changes in their later years, just as people do. * have their behaviour patterns established as well. * make excellent pets for older individuals too * tend to be calmer - settle in easily because they have learned how to get along with others Outdoor dog * are most susceptible to heartworm infection. * burn extra energy to maintain their body heat in cold weather. * do well twice a month, while indoor dogs can be safely bathed weekly. * get to stay comfortable in outdoor pens with insulated shelters. * live under yard rules. Overweight dog * are most susceptible due to the excess pressure created on the joints. * can have health problems, just as humans can. * have more health problems, including heart trouble and arthritis. Pet dog * Most pet dogs gain weight - live in homes - play roles * Some pet dogs are killed by wolves.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Pointer dog * point their muzzle towards game to allow the hunter to locate the animal. + Gun dog: Dogs * Gun dogs' or 'gundogs', also called 'bird dogs', are types of dogs used to assist hunters in finding and retrieving game, usually birds. Flushing dogs flush game from hiding. Pointer dogs point their muzzle towards game to allow the hunter to locate the animal. Retrievers retrieve game once it is killed. Some kennel clubs define a Gundog Group for gundogs, while other kennel clubs include them in the Sporting Group. Police dog * live with their officers even when they are off duty. * smell out criminals, drugs, and hidden explosives. * survey dangerous crime scenes involving drugs, bombs, and other high-risk situations.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Poodle * All poodles are pets. * Every poodle is an individual, and parents can construct diets specific to their own furkid. * Many Poodles are avid hunters and retrievers. * Most poodles adapt to life. * Most poodles are classified as dogs - gun dogs * Most poodles benefit from calorie dog food - descend from dogs - eat food - have unusual appearances * Most poodles thrive on dog food * Some poodles eat grass - enter heat * also grow too much hair in their ears and sometimes get epilepsy. * are a breed of distinction, elegance, and dignity - also popular because they come in many different colors and sizes - among the smartest of breeds, but that intelligence can translate into stubbornness - bred in many different sizes - canine scholars - easy to train and remember tasks well - energetic, non-shedding, fun loving dogs - friendly with other dogs and non-canine pets * are generally active and agile - healthy, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions - good with other dogs and work well as members of a team - high-maintenance dogs - highly trainable dogs that typically excel in obedience training - ideal family dogs, being both patient and playful with children - known as a highly intelligent, energetic, and sociable breed - loyal, gentle, obedient, and good with children - means - moderate and high-energy dogs, and require adequate daily exercise - one of the most frequent breeds to win dog shows - the second smartest breed of dog - thought to be one of the oldest water-retrieving breeds there are - unusually sensitive to vocal intonation, another reason they are so easy to train * are very good for people with allergies - high-energy and intelligent dogs that are very easy to train * can be almost any solid color - mischievous and bore easily with repetitive routines - one of the best family dogs possible - excel at performance activities such as agility and obedience * come in a variety of colours - black, silver, apricot, white, cream and blue - sizes but are all considered the same breed * come in many different sizes and colors - three poodle sizes and shapes * don t smell. * exhibit symptoms. * exist in many coat colors. * have a deep chest and well-proportioned body - dense undercoat which is course and curly - long history - four legs - liver-colored noses, eye rims and lips, dark toenails and dark amber eyes * have the perfect temperament for hunting - tendency to bloat - thick, curly hair rather than fur - very fine, curly hair that sheds far less than that of other breeds - weepy eyes that can stain the surrounding hair * includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - faces - ground substances - heads - marrow - mast cells - pads - paws - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna * learn and grow during the puppy stages - quickly, have a high rate of obedience and are skilled problem solving dogs * love taste - to learn and want to please * need proteins. * shed little to no hair and are good for allergy sufferers. + Poodle, Colors: Dog breeds * Poodles are also popular because they come in many different colors and sizes. There are also some rare colors, such as chocolate brown, and brindle. In japan,appricot color is the most liked * Poodles are bred in many different sizes. There are also other sizes, like the very small Teacup, that are not official. This means that these other sizes cannot be part of professional dog shows Pregnant dog * Some pregnant dogs have hookworms. * lose interest. Prehistoric dog * are amongst the most timid of animals. * have both a highly developed sense of smell and incredibly quick reactions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Pug * Some pugs can neither mate nor give birth without human help - go through their lives without any eye problems, some have chronic problems * are a very active breed of dog - known for being sociable and gentle companion dogs - mammals and mammals shed - rare in some places - short coated and require little grooming - show, breeding and pet quality * are small dogs thus have small bladders - dogs, thus they can do well in an apartment environment - social animals and love to be petted, groomed and played with - very strong for their size, but are no match for a larger dog - vulnerable to high temperatures and humidity * can also get a serious disease in their spine - get overweight * carry their heads high, with dignity and pride. * come in two colors black and fawn. * do shed year round. * do tend to have genetic problems which can lead to expensive vet bills - life long lives and are prone to very few diseases * even make good watchdogs since they pack a big bark for such a small dog. * have a sense of humor - very long life span - genetic flaws , like any other breed - small litters, so good breeders often have a waiting list - strong , straight legs and laid back shoulders * love biting in dried buffleskin bones - to eat * tend to snore and wheeze quite a bit too - snort, grunt, sneeze, purr, and snore + Pug, Description: Dog breeds * Pugs are often liked most for their curly tails, compact body, a deep chest, and strong muscles. Pugs have strong, straight legs and laid back shoulders. Their feet are not as large as a hare's foot, but they are not as round as that of a cat, either. They have toes that are split up perfectly, and their nails are all black. The lower teeth normally grow farther out than the upper teeth, so they meet in an under-bite - Health problems, Serious issues	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Puppy * All puppies are born with their ears closed - ears up and then they begin to drop as their eyes open - get hiccups frequently, sometimes several times per day * All puppies have blue eyes - very black, well defined noses and wide heads * Every puppy has an individual personality. * Many puppies are diggers and tend to outgrow some of it as they grow older - drown each year in backyard swimming pools or fish ponds * More puppies die from hypothermia than anything else. * Most puppies are immune to the mite's effects and display no clinical signs or lesions - begin the weaning process at about two to four weeks of age - build muscles * Most puppies consume calories - many calories - develop senses * Most puppies eat dry food - enter adolescent stages * Most puppies go through developmental phases - growth - puppy development * Most puppies grow into adulthood - healthy adulthood - has-part bones * Most puppies have bowel movement - breaths - follicles - hair follicles - heartbeats - instinct - parents - sharp teeth - tummies - prefer canned food to dry * Most puppies reach ages - maturity - sexual maturity - rely on mothers * Puppies also bite and nip to learn the social mores of dog culture - each other all over - chew to relieve their gums, develop strong jaws and help the adult teeth come in * Puppies also love to cuddle and sleep with the chewman toy - sleep with the colored fleece toy - require socialization for normal behavior development - tend to have temper tantrums - appear to have larger hearts relative to their body size * Puppies are a life-long commitment in Pugs - major source of environmental egg contamination * Puppies are also individuals and individuals are different - more likely to injure than an adult dog - susceptible to hyperthermia - animals * Puppies are at greater risk for developing ear mite infections - their most vulnerable when they are newborns - babies - baby dogs * Puppies are born deaf and blind - enclosed in an amniotic sac * Puppies are born white because of a gene they inherited from the early Dalmatian crosses - but get their color within a few weeks - white, a trait inherited from dalmatians - with tails in different lengths - capable of pets - de-wormed soon after they are born - dirty, lethargic, appear sickly, or have discharge from the nose and eyes - emotionally dependent as well as physically needy * Puppies are especially at risk although dogs of all ages are susceptible - prone to it because they have an immature immune system - home raised with kids * Puppies are home raised, handled and played with daily - socialized and are correct in size and temperament - infected with A. caninum when they ingest larvae while nursing - just like babies in that they go through a teething stage - large and active and their growth rate is fast * Puppies are located in homes - kennels - tables * Puppies are more likely to harbor infections than healthy adult dogs - wrinkled than adults - most susceptible to parvovirus infection and fatalities are extremely common - particularly susceptible to intestinal problems during breeding - peculiar creatures - pups - smaller and more active than babies and have sharp teeth and claws - tadpole dogs - temperament tested to make sure they go to the ideal families - tiny and helpless when born - unable to walk without falling backwards or sideways - usually blind before one year of age - vaccinated for distemper, adenovirus, leptospirosis, parainfluenza, and parvovirus * Puppies are very active and slow to mature - oral and enjoy having things in their mouths - vulnerable to fractures and accidents because they are so small and fragile - vulnerable to life threatening diseases such as parvo and distemper * Puppies are young animals - people - become progressively more difficult to keep awake the longer they are sleep deprived - begin life with blue eyes, which later darken - being picked up can leave at six weeks of age - born with hypoplastic tracheas often get worse and eventually have to be euthanized * Puppies can also become infected with disease-causing organisms during the birthing process - go through a destructive phase, and chew everything they get their little paws on - be one of life's greatest joys * Puppies can become accustomed to proper dental care by periodic brushing with a pet toothpaste - overwhelmed by all the attention and intimated by larger dogs - come in a variety of unique colors with short, plush or long coats - continue to nurse from the affected gland if the milk remains normal * Puppies can die from severe dehydration and enteritis, which is inflammation of the small intestine - suddenly of shock as early as two days into the illness - dislocate bones, brake bones and die from falls - easily spread the virus from one to another * Puppies can get fat if overfed - through smaller places than an adult dog * Puppies can have reaction - severe reaction - start vaccinations at six weeks - cause a desire to play games - change color from birth until they get their final coat - chase butterflies * Puppies chew because they are teething - on slippers because they are growing new teeth and it is also a form of play - while they are teething - chew, whine and are more prone to illness - commonly have ear mites which causes a brown to black discharge in the ears - more food than adults due to their rapid growth - cry, bark, vomit and chew - desire attention * Puppies develop at lightning fast speeds * Puppies do grow up - harm primarily by biting, clawing, and excreting - seem to shiver more than adults - easily get diarrhoea if the belly is cold or wet - more and are highly active * Puppies enjoy dry food * Puppies enter adolescent stages - periods - explore with their mouths * Puppies frequently die or require euthanasia at puppy mills, brokers' facilities, and pet shops - gain weight - generally nurse at least every two hours in their first week of life * Puppies get energy - pneumonia from having birth fluids in their lungs, and they die easily - the infection before birth through the placenta and after birth via the mother's milk * Puppies go through chewing stages - development stages * Puppies go through developmental and fear periods * Puppies go through second chew phases * Puppies go to homes - owners * Puppies grow best if they can move freely - dogs, and kittens grow into cats - quickly, and a collar can become uncomfortable and dangerously tight - so fast that almost overnight they can become large and unruly adolescents - up in a year * Puppies have a habit of wandering about with their mouths open - short attention span and a large amount of curiosity - shorter coat, which often has a softer texture than that of adults - tiny window of time during brain development when they are most impressionable * Puppies have bad breath even after eating a tic tac * Puppies have breathe difficulty - chances - collars and clip on rabies tags - critical developmental periods that can mold their behavior for life * Puppies have different exercise needs - feeding habits than older dogs - nutritional needs than adult dogs - distinct growth plates on the end of their vertebrae - large nutritional requirements but small stomachs - limited bladder control - only a limited control over their bodies - smell - special requirements, which alter as the animal ages - swell tummies - tendencies - varying levels of excitement, energy, and enthusiasm for human connection - very few inhibitions or physical control * Puppies have very sharp teeth and a bite or nip can hurt and be terrifying to small children - toe nails - wrinkles that disappear with age * Puppies includes bone cells - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - corpi - faces - ground substances - marrow - mast cells - pads - piluses - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - inherit the tendency to chew, and bees inherit the tendency to fly * Puppies learn specific behaviors from their litter mates and mother - to inhibit their bite when they are bitten by each other, and learn canine language - lick faces * Puppies like to chew on things and kittens get into things - live in the present - lose their maternal antibodies by the time they are three months old * Puppies love to chew on things - chew, and a cord can burn, shock, and even kill - play and chew all sorts of things * Puppies need attention - dog food - experience - extra nutrients - security - never grow out of bad behaviors, they grow into worse behavior * Puppies often boast a swollen belly - known as a rice belly - change in behavior and look - grow out of eating rubbish - nip or mouth at people and other animals as a part of play and in greeting - start pointing and retrieving without training by two or three months of age - whine and cry when separated from their owners * Puppies open eyes - their eyes about nine to eleven days following birth * Puppies play hard and nap frequently - but sleep long hours - receive toys - relieve anxiety by chewing - remain with their foster families for around fourteen months as they grow and mature * Puppies require a lot of guidance and much more supervision than adult dogs - significant amount of attention, monitoring, and training while young - frequent vaccinations, as well as lots of time and attention to train properly - individual attention each day to help build self-confidence - much more than food and water - respond to love, so do children and so do all adults - show preference * Puppies sometimes have dreams that cause rapid breathing while sleeping - spend a great deal of time playing, chewing and investigating objects * Puppies still have bad breath even after eating a tic tac - after eating a tictac * Puppies still have bad breath, even after eating a breath mint - after eating a tic-tac - puppy breath, even after eating a tic-tac - stimulate milk flow by pushing their muzzle into the area surrounding the teat - tend to have accidents when they get excited - to stretch legs * Puppies typically bite, scratch, jump, etc - have a softer coat - urinate immediately after waking up from a nap and defecate after every meal * Puppies use basic instinct * Puppies usually chew on things because they are teething - die within several months of being diagnosed, almost always before age two - have heavier coats than adults - learn bite inhibition during play with other puppies - vary in colour, from black to cream, including chocolate * Puppies weigh lbs - pounds * Puppies will have bone growth - wrestle with each other as soon as they can walk * Some puppies benefit from medication, which only a veterinarian can prescribe. * Some puppies develop diseases - respiratory signs and nasal discharge * Some puppies die from inhalation pneumonia - excrete sodium - grow normally until they are diagnosed, and some appear as failures to thrive * Some puppies have deformities - more immunity to the disease than others - proteins - infect humans - love to chew anything they can get their mouths on - regain the ability to walk but remain weak - regulate temperature - require privacy, coaxing, or companionship to eat - sleep in crates + The Puppy Bowl: American television series * The Puppy Bowl' is a show on Animal Planet that airs once each year before the Super Bowl. Puppies play with football-themed dog toys on a miniature, or very small, football field.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| puppy: Boxer puppy * Boxer puppies have chances. * Boxer puppies need dog food Cute puppy * Cute puppies have sharp teeth * Most cute puppies have sharp teeth Newborn puppy * Most newborn puppies go through development - puppy development - have difficulty * Some newborn puppies regulate temperature. Puppy love * habit that dies hard. * is love - often no more than an attachment to a look or a color * leads to a dog's life. Puppy training * is the first time owners present their dogs to the world. * is, as much as anything else, the formation of good habits. Young puppy * Most young puppies eat dry food * Young puppies can have reaction - severe reaction Search dog * Some search dogs can search for evidence of crime. * can locate drowned people in the bottom of lakes, or in rivers, or all bodies of water. Service dog * assist people who are deaf or in wheelchairs - with physical disabilties * can assist handicapped persons to gain a sense of self-esteem and freedom. * help the independently working physically disabled. Sheep dog * are a playful breed, and occasionally Montana needs just a little discipline. * behave like sheep dogs. * start chewing at one end of a couch and finish at the other. ### animal \| dog \| sheep dog: Briard * also are sensitive dogs and seem to have a sense of fair play. * are a shaggy, French breed known for their herding skills and family loyalty - generally black, gray, or tawny - large dogs<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog \| sheep dog: Collie * All collies are dogs. * are VERY intelligent dogs that are easily trained - a herding breed - habitual herders - nibblers, particularly when in play or when exhibiting their herding traits - no more inbred than any other breed - recommended as herding dogs - sensitive to heat * are very sensitive around their necks - social and love to be with their owners - sweet, even tempered animals, and love to be with people - well balanced with the nerves under control * can nip at heels due to their herding instinct. * eat more than basset hounds. * have good eyesight - several different skin problems that can pop up at any time * instinctively love children, are protective and gentle by nature. * love being around people, especially children. * love to be with people and can become easily bored by themselves in the backyard * tend to be quiet members of the family indoors but active outside. Shorthaired dog * can have their coats towel dried in a circular motion - stay as warm as longhaired dogs * have the same ability to keep warm as longhaired dogs. Show dog * can have their feet trimmed to tidy the feet. * have very long hair and a lighter color , but field dogs have a lot more differences. + Golden Retriever, About Goldens, Kinds: Dog breeds * Show dogs have very long hair and a lighter color, but field dogs have a lot more differences. They have short hair and can have any shade of hair. Because they have shorter hair, it is easier to brush them because they do not get as many things caught in it.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Sled dog * Many sled dogs wear booties on a regular basis. * Most sled dogs are very tough and have a high threshold for pain. * are good at working as a team to help each other survive and win - like human athletes and have to train constantly - mostly huskies mixed with other breeds - special athletes - the best long-distance runners in the world - very affectionate with their musher and family * can race for many years - sleep quite comfortably in the snow * doze on the boardwalks, in mud puddles and pickup beds. * get lots of exercise, eat a healthy diet and enjoy plenty of rest. * have an innate urge to pull. * live outside year-round. * look and behave like sled dogs. * require good clearance to get through the snow. * run because they love to run, they are born and raised to it. * work together in teams.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog: Small dog * Most small dogs enjoy life. * Most small dogs have fur - thick fur * Most small dogs reach adulthood - weight - weigh pounds * Some small dogs are OK with children but are fragile if handled roughly - become prey - make more noise than larger dogs - suffer injuries * are at risk of developing small dog syndrome if they feel leaderless - great alert dogs - located in animal shelter * are located in apartment buildings - complexs - houses - arms - asses - backpacks - barbeques - baskets - beds * are located in big cities - boxs - cages - carriers - cars * are located in chinese food - restaurants - circus - coffins - collars - condos - dog shows - fairs - games - good hands - handbags - homes - laboratories - laps - living rooms - maines - movies - nursing homes - pars - photographs - places * are located in small boxs - suburbs - sun - trailer parks - trash - trees - vets - yards - more likely to wear clothes * can also eat a teaspoon a day, while large dogs can have a tablespoon. * have a much larger relative brain size than large dogs * love the taste and the bites are small enough. * mature much earlier and larger ones take more time. * tend to be more active and excitable than larger ones - have more dental problems - live longer than large dogs Smaller dog * have more severe symptoms, even become deathly ill. * tend to have smaller litters - pull a bigger percentage of their weight than the bigger dogs<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Spotted dog * are known very much in the history of Africa , Europe , and Asia. + Dalmatian (dog), Origin * There are lots of arguments about the origin of this dog. Spotted dogs are known very much in the history of Africa, Europe, and Asia. Spotted dogs are also thought to have lived in Egypt. In 1700, a dog known as the 'Bengal pointer', which looked a bit like the Dalmatian, was popular in England. Some think the Dalmatian is from Croatia, and is a Croatian breed. In the Middle Ages, it was used as a hound dog for hunting. The breed became popular as a carriage dog in the 1800s. Stray dog * Most stray dogs prey upon animals. * are as ubiquitous as people sleeping on streets - few due to stringent, enforced leash laws - located in pounds - scared * scavenge the dirt, looking for food.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| dog: Terrier * All terriers are dogs - mammals * Many terriers have a tendency towards food allergies. * Most terriers have strong instincts to chase and seize small fleeing creatures. * Some terriers require what is referred to as 'hand striping' to keep their coats looking good. - energetic hunters, very attracted to small animals - nearly impossible to train to leave small animals alone - the rodent-catchers of the canine world - tough dogs and tend to be quite self-willed - used to find the den or living space of the animal * comes from the word terra in Latin. * desire digs. * dig underground after their quarry while herding breeds chase cows and sheep. * go to ground and hunt trial their same top dogs. * have a mind of their own - high prey and re-directed aggression, especially pit bulls * typically have little tolerance for other animals, including other dogs. + Hunting dog, Types of hunting dogs, Terriers: Dogs * These dogs are almost always used to hunt mammals. Terriers are used to find the den or living space of the animal. They will go into where the animal lives and either force it to run out or they will kill it. Many of the animals hunted with terriers are animals that cause damage, for example, ground hogs, fox and badger.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| dog \| terrier: Bull terrier - medium sized dogs - the only dogs that have triangular eyes - very strong for their size * have a short coat , small triangular eyes and an egg shaped head. * like to be doing something. + Bull Terrier: Terriers * Bull terriers have a short coat, small triangular eyes and an egg shaped head. Bull terriers are very strong for their size. Schnauzer * are generally intelligent and learn quickly - in the upper middle class of their world - prone to diabetes, especially when older * can live happily indoors if they are given plenty of exercise. Tibetan terrier * Tibetan Terriers are marvelous jumpers and can easily jump more than twice their own height - top-notch companion dogs - usually aloof with strangers - have an independent mind of their own and can be stubborn and manipulative * are terriers. Therapy dog * Most therapy dogs are much older. * are always privately owned pets. * visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country - schools and other facilities to enrich residents' lives Tiny dog * Many tiny dogs are very active and somewhat aggressive. * Most tiny dogs produce puppies. * open eyes. Veggie dog * Some veggie dogs have more protein and iron and less sodium than do hot dogs. * are also lower in calories, fat, and cholesterol than hot dogs - very popular now and are desirable to a lot of people White dog * are features of the otherworld in Celtic myths. * stay white by frequent bathing. Young dog * Most young dogs have invert papillomas * Most young dogs receive diets - magnesium diets * are also susceptible to several bone diseases - more likely to bite than older ones - often destructive, they chew things and dig holes in the garden - very curious and can eat just about anything * seem to have even more energy than children. Younger dog * are easier to place than older dogs. * can acquire the disease, but it is uncommon.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Domestic animal * All domestic animals are stiff with rabies, tetanus and lasser fever - susceptible, including birds * Every domestic animal has a different characteristic. * Many domestic animals have a white blaze on the forehead and a white tail tip. * Most domestic animals have glands only in the inguinal region - limited color vision - live in states * Some domestic animals cause paralysis - enjoy comfort - possess scrota * are a source of disturbance to Refuge wildlife and visitors - also a source of water pollution - born and raised under human control - livestock or pets - used extensively and for a variety of purposes * can acquire plague and pose a direct threat to humans - also turn into wildlife - breed with native , wild animals - cause severe degradation problems when they become feral * differ considerably from wild ones of the same species, vi. * face a serious problem of tick fever for dogs and distemper for cats. * forage for food. * have their special needs as well as wild animals. * include cows. * is an animal - another food resource * overgraze the ranges. * prepare to give birth. * run out of shelters. * spread beef and pork tapeworms. * tend to take on the stress and emotional traits of their owners. + Feral organism, Harmful and helpful effects of feral organisms, Genetic pollution: Animals :: Plants * Domestic animals can breed with native, wild animals. This interbreeding can threaten the existence of the original wild population. Another example is the dingo, itself an early feral dog, which interbreeds with dogs of other origin. However it is unlikely that this will harm the ecosystems in which these dogs live and some regard the importance of this phenomenon as disputable. In some cases like rabbits, the interbreeding seems not to be noticed. There is much debate over the effect of interbreeding on changes to the genes of a wild species.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| domestic animal: Stray * Some strays scare away or kill birds and wildlife. * also kill birds and other neighborhood wildlife. * are a danger to people and other animals - located in streets * can carry diseases such as feline leukemia and distemper. * have a lot shorter life span than pets. Downed animal * are cattle unable to walk because of illness or injury. * have an increased risk for bacterial contamination. * pose increased risk for bacterial infection, especially mad cow disease. Draft animal * eat, even when there's no work to be done. * is an animal * make far less noise than heavy machinery. Dumb animal * are the hardest ones to be domesticated. * care for their young till they are old enough to shift for themselves. * live in and for their masters.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Echinoderm * All echinoderms are able to regenerate arms, visceral and gonadal tissue - deuterostomes * All echinoderms are marine and benthic - organisms * All echinoderms are marine, living in the ocean - many live in tide pools - display penatamerous radial symmetry - have an internal bony skeleton * All echinoderms have five-part radial symmetry - unique features * Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. * Illustrates common characteristics of echinoderms such as sea cucumbers and starfish. * Many echinoderms can also form suckers on the ends of their tube feet - regenerate body parts that have been injured or broken off - have remarkable powers of regeneration * Most Echinoderms are either male or female, although some are hermaphrodites. * Most echinoderms achieve radial symmetry * Most echinoderms are dioecious - mobile unlike many of their pentameral peers - of one sex, and reproduce by shedding their gametes directly into the water - sessile or sedentary marine forms with radial symmetry as adults - develop via bilaterally symmetrical larvae - digest food * Most echinoderms display characteristics - similar characteristics * Most echinoderms have arms - arrangements - exoskeletons - healthy appetite - mouths - organs - sense organs - sides - skin - spiny skin - structures * Most echinoderms live in oceans - salt water - occupy habitats - possess coeloms - spawn directly into the sea - stay in places - survive years * Some Echinoderms even use other animals as homes such as the skin of other fish - echinoderms are carnivorous and scavenge the ocean floor * Some echinoderms change body shapes * Some echinoderms exhibit behavior - distinct behavior * Some echinoderms have ability - ages * Some echinoderms have develop coeloms - eyespots - impact - large impact - nerve rings - old ages - ingest food * Some echinoderms provide care - parental care * Some echinoderms pump sea water * Some echinoderms retain ancestral conditions * Some echinoderms undergo complex metamorphosis * live in all parts of the ocean, but mostly on the sea floor. They are extremely common near the shore, and on reefs * also have amazing powers of regeneration. * are all marine and nearly all are benthic, meaning they live on the sea floor - among the most distinctive of all animal phyla - amongst the most visually stunning of all fossil finds - an ancient phylum with a huge fossil record - bottom-dwelling marine invertebrates - carnivores - characterized by their radial symmetry, water vascular system and internal skeleton - dioecious with sexual reproduction and external fertilization - either filter feeders, substrate eaters or carnivores * are either male or female and become sexually mature after about two to three years - enterocoelous coelomates with a pentaradiate form and no definite head or brain - exclusively marine organisms possessing spiny skin - fairly advanced invertebrates - gonochoristic and fertilization is usually external * are great animals to use to study development - at regenerating body parts - known for their pentaradial symmetry * are marine animals with radial symmetry, spiny endoskeleton, and tube feet - spiny skin and five-fold radial symmetry - invertebrates that inhabit every conceivable ocean environment - more closely related to chordates than any of the other invertebrate phyla - often difficult animals to kill and many have well developed powers of regeneration - pentaradially symmetrical and have an endoskeleton composed of calcareous ossicles - protected through their spiny skins and spines - radially symmetrical animals that are only found in the sea * are radially symmetrical as adults - symmetrical, like cnidarians and comb jellies - relatives, although distant ones, of the vertebrates - scavengers of decaying matter on the sea floor - small aquatic animals only found in salt water - spiny skinned animals found only in marine environments - spiny-skinned animals - the only animals that have many tiny tubelike structures called tube feet * are very different - important in both the environment and to people as well * begin life as bilaterally symmetrical larva. * can look either like a starfish or a sea urchin. * contain a complete digestive system, with a mouth and anus. * exhibit a variety of body plans. * generally are very casual about re- production - occur on the sea floor, usually feeding on other animals or detritus * have a a poorly developed respiratory system - brain, although it is very small * have a hydraulic system of locomotion called the water vascular system - relatively big gut area - simple digestive system with a mouth, stomachs, intestineand anus - sub-epidermal nerve net running all over their body - very long fossil record - water vascular system, which system of closed tubes that includes tube feet - well-developed gut, while the nervous and circulatory systems are quite simple - extensive powers of regeneration of lost or injured parts - no brain , although some do have ganglia - radial symmetry , many having five or multiples of five arms * have specialize organs * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * inhabit depths ranging from shallow waters at tide lines to the deep sea. * is an invertebrate * lack body segments, and most have radial symmetry as adults - respiratory and excretory systems * live in all parts of the ocean , but mostly on the sea floor - either freshwater or ocean water - marine habitats * maintain an important fluid in the body cavity, taking the place of blood. * make excellent throwing stars - up the echinoderm phylum, Echinodermata * move by odd little hydraulic structures called tube feet. * possess a complete gut, but no excretory organ * release eggs and sperm into the water, where fertilization takes place. * reproduce by laying eggs that develop into larvae and swim freely. * spawn into the water. * use the tube feet for moving, feeding, breathing, and sensing - water instead of blood to move food around their body, and to breathe * usually have a skin-covered skeleton of calcareous plates, often bearing spines - five appendages, but there are some exceptions - live on the sea floors - refer to creatures with little bone structure that live under the sea + Echinoderm, General account * Echinoderms have a hydraulic water vascular system. This network of fluid-filled canals moves and feeds the animal, and allows gas exchange. There is also a complete digestive tube. They have a simple radial nervous system that consists of a modified nerve net. There are nerve rings with radiating nerves around the mouth extending into each arm. The branches of these nerves coordinate the movements of the animal. * This network of fluid-filled canals moves and feeds the animal, and allows gas exchange. There is also a complete digestive tube. They have a simple radial nervous system that consists of a modified nerve net. There are nerve rings with radiating nerves around the mouth extending into each arm. The branches of these nerves coordinate the movements of the animal. Echinoderms have no brain, although some do have ganglia. They usually move with their tube feet, but brittle stars use their arms to pull against rocks. Some feather stars and sea cucumbers can swim. * Many echinoderms have remarkable powers of regeneration. A starfish arm cut off will regenerate. A section as small as a single arm, with some central disk and neural tissue, can regenerate the whole organism.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm: Basket star * are just one kind of echinoderm that flourish on the sea floor. * feed on plankton and bacteria they catch by suspension feeding. * is an echinoderm * ore similar to brittle stars, but basket stars hove the five arms much branched.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| echinoderm: Brittle star * Many brittle stars are more fragile than starfish , which is how they got their name. * Most brittle stars eat detritus and small animals they pick up from the bottom of the water. * Some brittle stars can also kill small animals. * are animals - echinoderms + Brittle star, Description: Echinoderms * Many brittle stars are more fragile than starfish, which is how they got their name. When they are picked up, their arms may fall off. This might make the animal seem brittle, but they often do this as a defense to escape from predators.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| echinoderm: Crinoid * are also present - among Maine s most abundant fossils - dioecious , with separate male and female individuals - echinoderms, a group of animals that also includes the sea-urchins and starfish - effectively impossible to keep in aquaria - illustrated by sea lilies , starfish and sea urchins on the Great Barrier Reef - more abundant and diverse - niether abundant or familiar organisms today - organisms that have the morphology of a stemmed plant but are actually animals - sessile - something like starfish on a stalk - strictly of marine origin and can be likened to a starfish with a stem - suspension feeders * are, thus, one of the most successful forms of life on earth. * feed by extending their arms to catch particles that float past - filtering small particles of food from the sea water with their feather like arms * have a long fossil record dating back hundreds of millions of years - mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms - remarkable resemblance to flowers, but are filter-feeding echinoderms - unique arms designed for filter feeding * move very slowly on their own, but the current provides plenty of additional movement. * occurs in distribution and releases sperm via posterior incurrent syphon. * produce non-feeding larvae. * still live in deep seas today. + Crinoidea: Echinoderms * All crinoids are marine, and live both in shallow water and in depths as great as 6000 meters. The basic echinoderm pattern of fivefold symmetry can be recognized, but most crinoids have many more than five arms. Crinoids have a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. ### animal \| echinoderm \| crinoid: Comatulid * All comatulids apparently develop five initial, radially-oriented cirri. * are relatively fragile organisms. Most echinoderm * Some most echinoderms exhibit distinct behavior. * Some most echinoderms undergo complex metamorphosis	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm: Sea cucumber * Many sea cucumbers are deposit feeders - poisonous - quite poisonous * Most sea cucumbers are scavengers - breathe by means of respiratory tubes called trees - have types * Some sea cucumbers are able to secrete long and sticky Cuvierian tubules - wormlike, lacking tube- feet and respiratory trees * Some sea cucumbers belong to genus - taxonomic genus * Some sea cucumbers burrow in the sediment, and digest what is edible, excreting the rest - into the sea floor - can secrete a sticky glue-like substance as a defense mechanism * Some sea cucumbers have anatomies - appendages - flexible structures - nerves * Some sea cucumbers have radial nerves - symmetry - sex - tentacles * Some sea cucumbers secrete a very sticky substance as a defense mechanism - sticky substances * ' are a class of echinoderms, the 'Holothuroidea'. They have a longish body, and leathery skin. Sea cucumbers live on the floor of the ocean. Most sea cucumbers are scavengers. There are about 1500 species of sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers have a unique respiratory system, and effective defences against predators. Chinese eat them * are able to modulate the shape of their body when needed - also distinct as echinoderms in having a circlet of oral tentacles - an Oriental delicacy, supporting a multi-million dollar seafood industry - considered halal - detritus feeders, so their poop consists mostly of sand - echinoderms with elongated, spiny-skinned bodies - found in mostly shallow water but sometimes in deep water of all oceans - located in water - marine animals related to starfish and are most commonly traded in dried form - mostly scavengers that feed on debris in the benthic zone of the ocean - prey to many predators such as sea turtles, crustaceans, many fish, and people - soft bodied marine animals shaped like a common-garden cucumber - soft-bodied and wormlike, with a cluster of tentacles around the mouth at one end - sometimes dominant, for example - suspension, or detritus, feeders - unique among echinoderms in giving up the radial pattern after acquiring it - used in Asia as a base for soups - usually somewhat football shaped and lay on their side on the bottom * belong to a sub-category of echinoderms called holothuroidea - the group of animals called echinoderms * breathe via their anus. * can breed sexually or asexually - live up to eight years * communicate with each other by sending hormone signals through the water. * eat decaying matter that floats in the water or is in the sand. * eat plankton and detritus - other organic matter * feed by snaring plankton in the mucus coating on their tentacles. * get their common name from their resemblance to cucumbers. * have a cylindrical, rubbery body with a reduced endoskeleton and no arms - unique respiratory system , and effective defences against predators - between ten and thirty such tentacles , depending on the species - five rows of paired tentacles on the surface of the body - no brain - separate sexes and spawning occurs from spring through summer * irritate the skin without producing a true toxin. * is an echinoderm * lack spines, and the hard endoskeleton is much reduced. * live on or under rocks and in or on sand and mud * move by means of tube feet, which extend in rows from the underside of the body. * play important role in cleansing of the nature by removing remains of dead animals. * recycle food particles into fodder for bacteria much like worms do in soil. * sit on the ocean floor where they process and filter waste. * spawn by releasing eggs and sperm into the water, where the eggs are fertilized. * spread feeding tentacles out of caves. + Sea cucumber, Overview, Feeding * Highly modified tube feet around the mouth are always present. These are branched and retractile tentacles, much larger than the regular tube feet. Sea cucumbers have between ten and thirty such tentacles, depending on the species. There is a ring of larger ossicles round the mouth and oesophagus to which the muscles of the tube feet are attached. With their sticky tentacles the animal collects detritus and small organisms - Overview: Echinoderms	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm: Sea star * All sea stars are predators that prey on worms, crustaceans and bivalves. * Many sea stars can regenerate body parts - eat with their stomach outside their body - reproduce asexually by fragmentation * Most sea stars are carnivorous and their diet is restricted to a few items - positively phototactic - they move towards light - eat other animals * Most sea stars have a one-piece, semirigid skeleton - separate sexes and spawn their gametes into the water for fertilization * are another name for starfish - bottom dwellers whose star-shaped bodies have flexible joints * are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction - regenerating limbs in the event that one or more is severed or damaged - formidable predators - generally predators or detritivores, eating decomposing animal and plant material - harvested with a tool resembling a large mop, which is dragged along the bottom - located in oceans - male or female - predators of bivalves, snails, barnacles, and other attached or slow moving animals - prey for sharks , rays , and sea anemones - radially symmetrical - savage predators - strictly bottom animals, chiefly of the margins of the sea - typically predators that eat clams, other sea stars, sea cucumbers * can develop from splitting off of an arm - evert their stomachs when feeding - grow new parts * can regenerate lost arms, while sea cucumbers can regrow organs - new rays when broken - their limbs by housing most or all of their vital organs in their arms - reproduce sexually and asexually - wreck havoc on oyster beds and on other shellfish populations * come in many different colors. * detect light with five purple eyespots at the end of each arm. * do have to watch out for hungry birds, and even very big snails in the open sea. * eat clams and mussels - many things - mussels, clams and oysters - mussels,oysters, dead fish and other seawater prey * fall prey to many of the same creatures they hunt. * have a bumpy body covered with small spines - limited ability to regenerate - very unusual circulatory system - eyespots at each of their arms * have five arms, or rays, connected to a small round body - little suckers on the bottom of their bodies called tube feet * is an echinoderm * live in the ocean. * move by adhering their tube feet to the substrate and pulling themselves along - using hundreds of tube feet, which are located on their underside - very slowly along the sea bed, using hundreds of tiny tube feet * possess hundreds of tube feet for suction attachments to rocks. * rests among anemonaes. * sense light with red eyespots on each arm. * use hundreds of tube feet - suction in the tube feet for movement and feeding - their tube feet to move * wrap their arms around the animal's shell and pull it open just enough. + Starfish: Echinoderms * There are over 1500 different species of sea star. Most sea stars are predators. They eat mussels, clams, and other bivalves. Occasionally, they catch small fish.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm: Sea urchin * Many sea urchins eat algae that grows on rocks on the sea floor - have venomous spines * Most sea urchins are classified as echinoderms - dioecious, i.e. the sexes are separate - mass spawners, producing several million eggs - vegetarians, with a few omnivores thrown in * Most sea urchins eat algae - plants - feed on algas * Most sea urchins have ability - behavioral responses - globular shapes - mouths - natural predators - other natural predators - sensitivity * Most sea urchins live in areas - life - warm water - possess five pairs of external gills, located around their mouths * Most sea urchins reach maturity - sexual maturity - use spines * Some sea urchins can dig holes into rocks with their teeth - die of sickness * Some sea urchins eat kelp - seaweed - feed on kelp - find on beaches - found on coral reefs have especially sharp spines that are dangerous to divers - grow throughout life * Some sea urchins have brains - claws - cloacas - larvae - little claws - hide in holes - produce a toxin during mating season that makes sea urchins dangerous to eat * are a common sight on rocky shores throughout the world - favored prey of the horn shark - typical organism that utilizes external fertilization - an important part of the marine ecosystem due to their role as scavengers - by far the most important grazers in kelp communities - echinoderms found in warm and cold saltwater all over the world - echinoderms, in the same family as starfish - ecologically important and often greatly affect marine communities - flat, globe-shaped animals - found in oceans all over the world - generally herbivorous, feeding on kelp forests - grazers and eat seaweed - herbivores - herbivorous grazers, algae such as kelp is their main diet - highly dependent on the number of acetylcholine - in the same phylum as A. hermit crabs - just starfish with the arms sewn up - like vacuum cleaners of the ocean floor - major components of marine communities - marine creatures - more diverse today than they have ever been - omnivores that eat plants and animals in their environments - omnivorous animals and therefore eat both plant and animal matter * are one of the favorite foods of sea otters and is also wolf eels - more exciting seagrass animals - traditional model organisms in developmental biology - primarily herbivorous - prized around the world for their fishy-flavoured roe and flesh - saltwater dwellers, never found in bodies of freshwater - sea creatures that live in oceans all over the world - sensitive to touch, light, and chemicals - small, spiny, marine creatures that look like pin cushions - sought out as food by birds, sea stars , cod, lobsters, and foxes - spiny-skinned animals * are the greatest natural enemy of the kelp forest - major grazer on kelp, climbing up the holdfasts and chewing through the stipes - tiny round spiny creatures that feed on kelp and are related to starfish - typically small, rounded, spiny creatures found on shallow rocky marine coastlines - used in public aquariums as an indicator organism for water quality - very similar to humans up through gastrulation * brandish their spines on the seafloor near the Channel Islands. * can also be toxic by ingestion - clearcut and devour kelp forests with an average advance of a foot a day - reach sexual maturity very quickly and their lifespan is fairly long - vary greatly in colour * crawl slowly on the bottom of the ocean floor, using their spines as stilts. * eat algas - drifting algae or scrape it off rocks - mostly plants found on rocks and on the sea bottom - the kelp, the otters eat the sea urchins * emerge from their rocky lairs to feed. * exhibit a generalized light sensitivity all over the body. - organic matter in the seabed * gather in large groups that contain both males and females. * graze on kelp. * have a general sensitivity to light all over the body - globular body and long spines that radiate from the body - lot of sensory cells, but rather few sensory structures or organs - round shaped body and with long spines that come off it - adhesive tube feet - among the most diverse feeding modes within the Echinodermata - ball-shaped bodies covered with long, movable spines - claw-like structures on the surface of the body, scattered among the spines - five paired rows of tiny tube feet which are found amongst the spines - flat or globe shaped bodies and are covered in spines - globe-like shape of the body that is covered with large number of long spines - long spines that are used for such functions as protection * have many predators, such as sea stars, octopus, wolf eels, crabs, and sea otters - spines connected to their body - sharp spines and have known to puncture and damage dry suits - strong responses - tubular feet called pedicellariae, which enable movement - two types of venomous organs - spines and pedicellaria * inhabit rocks or mud along the seashores. - common in sushi - the mid to low level of the tide to find the food - near the shore, and fragments of their shells are often found on beaches * move about on their tube feet. * move slowly, feeding primarily on algae - with many species feeding mostly on algae * occupy places - special places * play an important ecological role as grazers of marine algae. * possess both a water vascular system and a hemal system, the latter containing blood. * produce a prodigious number of hardy gametes and can be easily seen with naked eye. * require special tools necessary to crack the shells and separate and remove the roe. * take places. * undergo radial, reductive cleavage. + Sea urchin, Ecology: Echinoderms * Sea urchins feed mainly on algae, but can also feed on sea cucumbers, and a wide range of invertebrates such as mussels, polychaetes, sponges, brittle stars and crinoids. Baumiller T.K. 2008. Sea urchins are one of the favorite foods of sea otters and is also wolf eels. Left unchecked, urchins may devastate their environment, creating an 'urchin barren', devoid of macroalgae and associated fauna. Sea otters have re-entered British Columbia, dramatically improving coastal ecosystem health by eating sea urchins.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm \| sea urchin: Heart urchin * Most heart urchins have spines. * Most heart urchins live in shallow water * Some heart urchins have grooves - internal skeletons - remain in burrows * are deposit feeders using their oral tube-feet to gather detritus. * feed on particles.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| echinoderm \| sea urchin: Sand dollar * are a common beach find along the sandy shores of the northwest Pacific coast - burrowers and feed on detritus found in the sediments - echinoderms - filter feeders, but urchins and starfish are typically aggressive predators - gregarious and live in large herds - located in beachs - marine invertebrates that belong to the echinoderm family * are sea urchins that have extremely flatten bodies and tiny spines - sedentary echinoids * are very flat, the edge of the body thin and distinct - fragile and are actually the skelton of a marine animal * eat organic material found in sand. * live on their sides, catching particles to eat with their tube feet and fine spines. * obtain food by engulfing sand from which they extract minute plants and animals. * reproduce sexually and asexually - through pores. * All sand dollars have a rigid skeleton known as a 'test'. This is the typical white disk found washed up on beaches. The living animals have a skin of movable spines on the test. Movement is done by the action of the spines. Like other sea urchins, sand dollars have five paired rows of pores. The pores are arranged in a petal-like pattern<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| echinoderm: Starfish * also occur. * can also regenerate arms that have been broken off - grow to be a half inch, to a couple of feet in diameter - have a devastating impact on shellfish * can reproduce by fragmentation - that is, a whole new fish can grow from just a single arm * carnivore who likes to eat clams, shells and mussels. * has a hunger for knowledge found experientially. * have eyespots at the tip of each arm, which act as light sensors - hundreds of tiny projections known as tube feet on the underside of their body - the ability to change colors * have the ability to regenerate lost arms or body parts - their arms when lost or injured * is an echinoderm, which is an invertebrate that has a proportional radial body - organism that does binary fission - the common name for a group of animals called sea stars * reproduce sexually by spawning. ### animal \| echinoderm \| starfish: Modern starfish * have bilateral symmetry in their larval phase. * holds hydraulic water vascular system that assists in locomotion.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| echinoderm: Urchin * All urchins prefer rock work on which they can crawl and feed. * Most urchins are classified as echinoderms. * Most urchins eat algas * Most urchins have arms - behavioral responses - food preference - globular shapes - lifespans - mouths - natural predators - other natural predators - sensitivity - venomous spines - inhabit coral reefs * Most urchins live in areas - situations - warm water * Most urchins reach maturity - sexual maturity - use spines * Some urchins cover themselves daily with stones and shells held in place by the tube feet - destroy environments - die of sickness * Some urchins eat kelp - seaweed * Some urchins feed on giant kelp - grow throughout life * Some urchins have brains - claws - cloacas - larvae - little claws - skeletons - specialized tube feet that can be suckerless - thin brittle spines a foot long - tolerance - venomous spines which can cause severe pain * Some urchins hide in cracks - holes * Some urchins inflict painful injuries - penetrate injuries - inhabit pits * Some urchins live in cracks - oceans * Some urchins live on sandy shores - obtain nutrients * Some urchins possess gills - internal skeletons * Some urchins use feet - jaws - many tube feet - teeth * also have pincher-tipped grabbing arms called pedicellariae - live in lush kelp forests deep in the sea * are a common prey item of the queen triggerfish - children - completely reef-safe - ecologically important in kelp forests - excellent algae eatersl and ike rockwork that they can crawl and feed on - extremely sensitive to sulfide - ferocious herbivores chomping down kelp with their jaws - herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae - munchkins who are always exploring around and generally getting into trouble - kelp, so the kelp population almost disappeared * feed on algas - red algas - seaweed or kelp * graze on kelp. * have a round body without arms - deadly spines - eyes - strong responses * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * lack arms. * move spines. * occupy places - special places * sometimes camouflage themselves with bits of seaweed, shells and small pebbles. * sport spines. * take places. - their short spines on the bottom, like hundreds of tiny legs, to walk * usually live on firm bottoms and scrape food off the surface. ### animal \| echinoderm \| urchin: Purple urchin * Most purple urchins have mouths. * Some purple urchins eat kelp * have ability Ragamuffin * RagaMuffins have a bit shorter and thicker coats, Ragdolls have silky, medium long coat. * are urchins. * is an urchin	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Ectotherm * Most ectotherms have metabolism - slow metabolism - live in environments * Most ectotherms rely on environments - external environments * Most ectotherms use external heat - metabolic heat * Some ectotherms affect development - can also be homeotherms * Some ectotherms gain energy - heat energy - have environments - hold breaths - produce heat Flying insects use their flight muscles to produce heat * Some ectotherms rely on heat sources * also can allow their body temperatures to fluctuate up and down more than endotherms can - use burrows as a means to keep warm in the cold desert nights * are animals that primarily gains heat through the environment - considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate warming - favoured in warm climates - more able to reduce their metabolism during times of low food availability - organisms that control body temperature through external means * can change their behavior in order to adapt to freezing temperatures - devote a larger portion of their energy to growth than endotherms can * can generally be active over a wider range of temperatures than endotherms can - survive better in resource-poor environments * derive body heat from their surroundings or their behavior. * develop body heat from external environmental sources. * dont have much insulation- heat can be absorbed from environment quickly. * generally obtain heat from their external environment. - no internal heat regulation mechanism like endotherms * include fish. - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - plasma membranes - vacuoles * is an animal * maintain their core body temperature primarily by utilizing environmental heat. * make up all the other animals. * regulate body temperature by seeking an environment with the appropriate temperature - their temperature with behavioral changes as well * rely on external environments - sources for body heat - specific behaviours to regulate their heat gain and heat loss * require less energy than endotherms because a. their muscles are very efficient. * typically have a slower metabolism. - sources of temperature to regulate their body temperatures * usually keep warm by muscle activity or by sunning. * vary markedly in their limits of freeze tolerance. ### animal \| ectotherm: Many ectotherm * Most many ectotherms live in environments. * Some many ectotherms hold breaths. Ectothermic animal * Most ectothermic animals absorb heat. * include reptiles. Endothermic animal * Most endothermic animals generate heat. * Most endothermic animals have areas - surface areas - require energy * are born much more under developed than ectothermic animals. * depend on aerobic metabolism for most of their vital functions. * have a continually high requirement for food to fuel the heat generation * rely on themselves to produce their own heat. Exotic animal * are located in zoos. * belong in the wild. * have special needs and are more difficult to care for than domestic animals. Experimental animal * Most experimental animals have dietary requirements - vitamin c requirements * deteriorate rapidly on pasteurized milk. * predict human results. Familiar animal * Many familiar animals have four legs. * occurring in the medusa body form include jellyfish - polyp form include sea anemones, hydras, and corals	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Fawn * Most fawns are born on edges of open fields or in thickets. * Most fawns eat first solid food - green vegetation - plants - grow into adults * Most fawns have coats - high nutrient requirements - rapid heartbeats - reddish coats - scent - spots - visible spots - hide from predators * Most fawns hide in grass - prairie grass * Most fawns hide in tall grass - produce offspring - reach ages - stay with mothers - survive to adulthood - thrive on milk - weigh pounds * Some fawns are killed by foxes - become mothers - consume milk - die of causes * Some fawns have diarrhea - no odor - hide in vegetation - make up diets - suckle for months * accompany their mother to the winter ranges. * adopted by humans lose the chance to learn survival skills from their mothers. * are able to stand a few hours after being born - and walk shortly after birth * are able to walk at birth and nibble on vegetation only a few days later - attacked by dogs * are born in late spring, when the large herd breaks up into smaller groups - mahogany with white spots that fade as they mature - tan with a tint of orange hue - tan, as are most gazelles * are born with a thin layer of fat under the skin - white spots over a reddish coat - deers - kept hidden from sight - protected by a lack of scent - reddish, brown or reddish yellow spotted with white - rusty brown and spotted with white - the newborn deer - vulnerable to coyotes, bobcats, and golden eagles - weaned when three to four months old, and are sexually mature at about six months * are young animals - mammals * begin grazing at just a few weeks old. * born in the same litter often have different fathers. * can actually eat themselves to death - move about as soon as they are born * can walk at birth and forage for food a couple of days later - when they are only a few hours old * come in pale yellow, golden yellow, light brown, dark brown, and also some rare reds. * depend upon hiding and lying still for survival during their first few weeks. * easily make it through the winter, increasing the breeding population in the coming year. * emit scent. * give loud bleats or baas to summon their mothers, and whine while nursing. * have a good survival ratio, helping the species to flourish in numbers - reddish-brown fur , with white spots on their back and sides - very reddish brown color that is covered with many small white spots - chances - conspicuous white spots through their first summer - less than six teeth - little odor for predators to smell - very thin hides that dog teeth can easily puncture * includes antlers - bone cells - brains - breasts - cannon bones - chest cavities - chests - corpi - faces - ground substances - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - marrow - mast cells - piluses - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna * is light brown * learn behavior. * mature at two years of age. * outrun men. * play extensively in the summer herds, developing strength and dexterity. * rank on the low end of the pecking order when it comes to foraging for food. * rely heavily on their natural camouflage, while they are waiting for their mother to return - on having little scent and staying motionless for protection * sometimes start to eat it and then stop when they realize they have a bloody mouth. - their mother into the fall or winter * typically learn certain behaviors while in small groups. * usually are weaned at two to three months. * vary from medium brown to champagne. * weigh about six to nine pounds at birth - lbs + Roe Deer, Appearance * The Roe Deer is a smaller deer. In the summer its fur is reddish-brown, in the winter it is greyish brown or dark brown. Fawns have a reddish-brown fur, with white spots on their back and sides.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| fawn: Female fawn * Most female fawns produce offspring * born early in spring have the potential to breed by the following fall. Male fawn * Some male fawns become mothers. * have a type of antler growth usually referred to as buttons. Newborn fawn * Most newborn fawns weigh pounds. * have a full coat of reddish brown fur that is spotted with white - no defense beyond camouflage Young fawn * Most young fawns emit scent - stay with mothers * Some young fawns consume milk.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Feeder * Most feeders attack plants - attract hummingbirds * Most feeders consume bacteria - dead animal matter * Most feeders eat grass - prey - feed on prey * Most feeders have bright colors that attract hummingbirds - tentacles * Most feeders live in environments - marine environments - wait for prey * Some feeders attract birds. * Some feeders consume ants - fish - insect larvae - other insect larvae - small fish * Some feeders eat animals - diets - flowers - fungi - mollusks - octopi - phytoplankton - zooplankton * Some feeders feed butterflies - on animals * Some feeders have a mechanism that closes when anything heavier than a bird lands on it to eat - entrance holes which require birds to enter the feeder to get at the meal worms * Some feeders have long beaks - thin beaks - wood - live in water * Some feeders prey on fish - seek mollusks - swim through water - transmit diseases * Some feeders use jaws - strong jaws - upper jaws * are also a source of food for squirrels and field mice - branchs - devices - domestic animals - especially attractive to birds in northern areas in the winter when food is scarce * attract a variety of birds in all seasons - finches - jays - kinds - songbirds * can become last sanctuaries for sick and injured birds. * contain food. * eat algas * get food. * have perches - ranges - senses * include sharks - whales * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * ingest food - materials - plant materials * provide meals. * use methods - mouthparts ### animal \| feeder: Bottom feeder * Most bottom feeders consume dead animal matter - eat prey * Some bottom feeders eat mollusks. * Some bottom feeders prey on fish * Some bottom feeders use jaws - upper jaws Deposit feeder * are an important link between the benthos and the sediment. * create turbid water by reworking sediments muddy organic seds. * ingest sediment and extract food particles.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| feeder: Filter feeder * Most filter feeders eat algas - have tentacles * Most filter feeders live in environments * Some filter feeders consume fish * Some filter feeders eat plankton - zooplankton - pump water - remove particles * ' are animals that feed on matter and food particles from water. Some animals that do this are clams, krill, sponges, baleen whales and many fish such as sharks. Some birds such as flamingos are also filter feeders. Filter feeders can help clear water * can concentrate toxins through biological magnification. * feed on the detritus and the detrital organisms. * include whales. * obtain their food by straining plankton from the water. * pull in current and feed upon tiny planktonic organisms and larvae. * pump sea water, and any plankton or pollution it carries, through their bodies. * use methods. Fungal feeder * Some fungal feeders eat fungi. * eat fungi and bacteria. Hopper feeder * Most hopper feeders hold a large amount of seed. * are bins that hold seeds that spill out of the bottom as the birds eat.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| feeder: Hummingbird feeder * Most hummingbird feeders have too small of an opening for any other bird. * Some hummingbird feeders come without perches or have perches that can be removed. * are also supply a great source of nutrients - great for older birds - usually red, and oriole feeders are orange and have larger feeding holes * can be fun in the spring and fall. * give gardeners a chance to view the birds close-up. * hold liquid and have very narrow openings. * require cleaning every two to three days, especially in warm weather. * supplement the flower nectar. Opportunistic feeder * Some opportunistic feeders eat diets - flowers - fruit - larvae - octopi - phytoplankton * Some opportunistic feeders feed on animals - meat * are animals that eat whatever food is convenient at the time. Suspension feeder * Some suspension feeders live in water. * are rare among the larger organisms in the deep-sea benthos. * catch food or organic material from the water using tentacles or spiny arms. * strain plankton and tiny organic food particles from their surroundings.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Female * All females are born with reproductive capacities - care for one another's young - have a chemical that they release to attract distant males - share caring responsibilities for infants, a practice called allomothering * Every female has at least two and probably three or more sources of sperm - potential victim of sexual assault * Many females mate with more than one male before entering diapause - suffer from sexual dysfunction * Most females are capable of conceiving and bearing children beginning in their mid-teen years - sexually mature at about five to six years - bear calves once every two years * Most females begin reproducing around the age of one - to eat right away after they get home - breed at least twice a season, giving birth to two to six per litter * Most females can dominate males even though they are physically smaller - mate once every three or four years - eat little or nothing from the time they become gravid until their eggs hatch - enjoy getting sexual attention - extrude eggs annually, although some appear to do so without moulting and mating - give birth every other year * Most females give birth to one baby every year - pup per year and raise it in a nursery colony with other females - go through an estrus cycle - mate in their first year * Most females mate with a single male after visiting bowers of multiple males - only their local male and give birth about five weeks after mating - probably have one or maximum two litters per year - produce two litters a year of one or two young - spawn twice and then die - stop eating while brooding the eggs and die after the eggs hatch * Some females actively defend their nest - also play and splash in water, roll, and walk backwards * Some females are more socially active and have a stronger social bond with the harem male - sexually mature and mate when they're one year of age - begin to look like males as they get older * Some females can choose males for their good genes - conceive before they are a year old - eject sperm from an undesirable mate - even lift their leg much as a male does * Some females experience heavy vaginal bleeding during oestrus - painful or less flow of blood, etc., during menstrual cycle - first breed in their third year, producing young in their fourth year - gain complete male pigmentation as they advance in age - give birth successfully every few years while others produce no calves at all - go through a false pregnancy every time they come into heat * Some females have a postpartum estrus and produce more than one litter per year - the ability to retain the developing eggs inside prior to hatching - live more than three years - migrate to warmer water to give birth in the fall - plunge the entire tip of their abdomen into mud or silt to deposit eggs - produce a litter each breeding season but one litter per year is more common - skip a year in between breeding attempts to help restore their body condition - start nests by themselves - take eighteen months to two years to develop a regular cycle * also eat differently than guys - feed on blood which is needed to produce eggs * also have a hierarchy that is based upon their age - pouch to carry their babies, just like kangaroos - core temperature that varies during the menstrual cycle - dominance hierarchies - live longer than male mosquitoes - recognize their young by sound and scent cues - use their smell to recognize their pups * are a rate-limiting resource which limits male reproductive success. * are able to bond with several males while in estrus, but one male is more common - conceive three to four months after calves are weaned - make sounds, but only males are able to make songs - reproduce up to age twenty - about four times more likely than men to develop osteoporosis - also able to change their body temperature during pregnancy - among the most dedicated and protective to their kits of most mammal species - an increasingly important segment of the sports and fitness population - as large as or larger than males of the same age, which is uncommon among mammals * are at a higher risk for domestic violence when their boyfriends are on steroids - higher risk of sexual violence, including rape or domestic violence, than are boys - capable of giving birth every year but usually do so at greater intervals - far and away the sex that has evolved to care for offspring - genders - heterozygous, inheriting X chromosomes from both parents - located in beds * are more prone to bladder infections than males because the urethra in females is short - contracting sexually transmitted diseases than males - vulnerable to alcohol-related cirrhosis than men * are much more likely to bite when they are protecting their egg sac - have eating disorders than males - no longer able to bear children because the uterus is removed during surgery - people - physically weaker than men for the same reason there are different species - primarily responsible for the nurture of children - reproductively active into old age - responsible for the two biggest advances in computer programming - sexually mature as early as three years of age - susceptible to mammary tumors, uterine infections and ovarian tumors * are the ones that initiate mating, and it can occur during any period of the year - only sex that invest in pup development - sex with a large parental investment per gamete - sole source of parental care following birth until independence - three times more likely to be sexually abused during childhood than males - thus only able to reproduce two or three times in their lifetimes - usually carriers of x-linked traits and thus transmit the trait to their male children * are, after all, the only birds capable of egg production. * attain full size by the age of five, and males by the age of seven. * attract potential mates through scents and vocalizations. * become fertile when they reach between two and three years of age - receptive once a year and births seem to be related to coincide with rainfall - sexually mature at the age of five years * begin to have babies when they are between two and three years old - mate when they are about two and a half years old * breed when they are two years old, generally giving birth each year. * build nests or take over abandoned bird nests in which to birth and rear offspring. * can and do become pregnant from having sex during their menstrual period. * can be double-mated to correspond more closely to the time of ovulation - sure that they contributed to an offspring when they give birth or lay eggs - very aggressive toward males, even during estrus * can become pregnant again within several hours of giving birth - immediately following the birth of a litter - carry fertilized eggs for up to a year, giving birth when conditions are right - choose mates on the basis of material offerings or particular male traits * can give birth to puppies from more than one father - twice in one year * can have a calf every two years, but average three years between births - calves when they are about four years old - facial hair, and males can have no facial hair at all - problems with estrogen use and in pregnancy - live together peacefully - only donate an X-chromosome * can only have a limited number of children in their lifetimes - four babies at one time - mate with mature males to produce offspring that are the size of a flea - migrate by walking because they are wingless * can produce several broods per year and the average lifespan is three years - thousands, or even millions, of eggs in one go - reach more than thirty years and give birth to pups at high age - recognize the songs of males of their own species - reject males by moving away, kicking, and extruding their ovipositor - reproduce without males so populations increase very quickly - spawn twice in their life-cycle and release up to two million eggs at a time - store sperm and produce fertilized eggs up to four years after mating * choose mates based on many factors. * come into estrus a number of times during the year and give birth to several litters. * commonly develop abnormal menstruation, both amenorrhea and increased bleeding. * continue mating during gestation to prevent infanticide by dominant males. * continue to get married at an earlier age than males - molt after reaching maturity and therefore are able to regenerate lost legs - produce offspring without mating so long as weather allows feeding and growth * die immediately after spawning, at the age of three years. * do more than males especially in primates since they do gestation and lactation. * dominate the social hierarchy and are larger than males. * drink blood so they can get protein to develop their eggs. * eat more insects when nursing offspring as their protein requirements increase. * encapsulate hundreds of eggs in a sheath that is made of many layers of protein. * excrete estrogen in their fecal matter. * experience an average life expectancy about six years longer than males - oestrous cycle, during which their body prepares itself for pregnancy * feed on blood only to obtain protein for egg production. * first breed when they're one year old. * frequently have different mates in subsequent breeding seasons. * generally give birth by age ten to eleven in captivity and thirteen to fifteen in the wild * generally give birth to a single calf every three to five years - one calf at a time - only three or four surviving young during their reproductive life * get half of their mother's chromosomes, but all of their fathers chromosomes. * give birth about every five years - every four to twenty years, and care for the calves for more than a decade - on land, ice, or shallow water so that the pups can breathe - through their penis-like clitoris * give birth to a single baby after a gestation period of about six months - about one baby a year - an average of six young per litter with two litters per year being the norm * give birth to calves about once every two or three years - every two to three years - just a single infant every two years * give birth to live female nymphs - young and multiply rapidly - young, which they carry around on their backs - one, occasionally two, large babies, after a pregnancy of six to seven months * give birth to only one baby at a time after a three-month gestation - bat during each reproduction cycle - single calves every two to three years on average - birth, on average, only once every eight years * have a cloaca, one opening that serves digestive and reproductive functions - homologous pair of X chromosomes - practice of abandoning their young - tendency to have close bonds with their maternal relatives throughout their lives - an XX pair of sex sex chromosomes, while males have an XY pair * have babies every three to four years - twice a year - more dermal fat, distributed differently - special breast muscles that pump milk into the offspring's mouth - the ability to store sperm for multiple spawnings - two X chromosomes and can carry the disease gene on one of their X chromosomes * have two X chromosomes, and therefore two copies of every gene - but only one is active in any particular cell * have two X chromosomes, one from each parent - inherited from each of their parents * have two X chromosomes, only one of which generally carries the disease gene - of which is active - so they usually receive a normal gene on the second X chromosome - X-chromosomes and contribute a copy of one to each of their offspring * have two X-chromosomes, one from each parent - their father, and one from their mother * have two copies of the X chromosome, but only one normally remains functional in each cell - chromosome, one from each parent - ovaries that store the eggs , and a uterus which is connected to a vagina - sets of X-linked genes - vaginas * increase offspring heterozygosity and fitness through extra-pair matings. * inherit two X chromosomes, one each from the mother and father * is an animal * lack a marsupium, fetuses complete development within the uterus. * like to care for three to four babies at a time because one cub waste of time - give birth in the comfort of their own homes * live alone except when they are raising cubs and they raise their cubs on their own - in one group their entire lives, while males migrate from group to group * live longer than males and grow faster, particularly after they reach maturity - in most countries around the world * maintain both social relationships and hygiene through grooming. * mate almost immediately after giving birth, and are therefore pregnant most of the time - only once in their lifetime * migrate more than males, so most of the beetles found in first-year corn are females. * normally carry two X chromosomes - give birth once a year, in late winter or early spring * normally give birth to calves every other year - one baby at a time, but have been found to carry twins or triplets * normally have the same complement as males, minus the canine teeth * now show signs of puberty at an earlier age. * obtain rank as they age and have offspring, especially males. * often continue to copulate, even when conception is no longer possible - have litters of up to seven kittens four to five times a year - stop feeding in the final stages of pregnancy * only reproduce every second year and give birth to an average of six live young. * pass on immunity to their offspring through their milk. * possess a marsupium, or brood pouch, hence the common name of opossum shrimps - spermatheca , an ectodermal gland which opens into the oviduct - six mammary glands and can, therefore, nurse all offspring simultaneously - two X chromosomes, XX and are said to be homogametic * produce gametes that are larger than men - smaller amounts of testosterone than males * reach sexual maturity around four to five year-olds - generally around two and a half to three years of age * receive an X-chromosome from the father and one from the mother. * report depression much more often than men. * reproduce in a way that literally leads to clone production - parthenogenetically and sexually * retain muscle proteins when they exercise because females have more growth hormone. * see the world as a series of interconnected relationships. * seem to be very protective of their young and have been known to kill intruding animals. * sit with feet further apart than males, probably because of the position of the hip bones. * start drinking alcohol later than males - to breed when they reach sexual maturity, typically in their second year * still tend to get married at an earlier age than males. * stop giving milk and animals of both sexes stop growing for about three weeks. * tend to be larger than males and adult fish grow more in weight than in length - begin drinking alcohol at a later age than males - gain more fat in the hips, thighs and buttocks for reproductive purposes - have less bone mass than men do - remain in their birth place throughout their lives * traditionally are the primary caregivers of their infants and children. * transfer energy to unborn fawns, which now undergo rapid growth. * transmit diseases when they live long enough to spread viruses, microfilaria, etc. * typically give birth after a six-month gestation, usually to a single infant - every other year, but a recent increase in pregnancies has been noted - only once every few years - mate and oviposit periodically throughout their adult lives * undergoing oogenesis have low serum hormone levels and moderately active glands. * use their dull colors to hide themselves, their nest and babies from predators - phones most often to communicate with friends - skin color to signal a willingness or lack of willingness to mate * usually give birth to a single young per year, but twins are common. * usually give birth to one infant, though twins are rare - pup a year, although twin births occur occasionally - have one child every six years * usually have their first birth in their mid-teens - menopause in middle age , when they stop bleeding every month - mate successfully for the first time between the ages of six and eight - mature sexually at an earlier age than males * usually reach sexual maturity around one year of age - the age of ten and nest every two to four years - at about four years of age, males at about six years * velvet ants have a very painful sting. + Adder, Description: Vipers * Unusual for snakes, the adder's sexes are possible to tell apart by the colour. Females are usually brownish with dark-brown markings, the males are pure grey with black markings. + American Robin, Description: Thrushes * There is a white patch on the underside of the belly, near the tail. This can be seen when it is flying. American Robins that live in eastern Canada are very bright. They have a white throat. It has black stripes in it. Females have lighter gray-brown heads than males. They also have lighter orange-red breasts. It has dark spots on its breast. American Robins that live in western North America are very pale. American Robins that live in eastern Canada are very bright. + Bearded dragon, Description: Reptiles of Australia * Central bearded dragons can grow to be about 2 feet long. Half of the length of a Bearded Dragon's body is its tail. Females are usually smaller than males. Bearded dragons come in many colours, like brown, grey, reddish-brown, and even orange. They sometimes change colour a little bit when it gets hot or cold. They have special scales that look like spikes on the sides of their body, throats, necks, and heads. These spikes look a little like a beard, and that is where a bearded dragon gets its name. If a bearded dragon is scared, it will flatten its body against the ground, puff out its spiky throat, and open its jaws to make itself look larger. + Bengal tiger, Appearance: Tigers * They are the second largest tiger, after the Siberian tiger also known as the Amur Tiger. Male Bengal tigers have a total length, including the tail, from. Females go from. The average weight of males is. + Bignose shark, Reproduction: Sharks :: IUCN Red List data deficient species * The Bignose sharks are viviparous, meaning that they give live birth instead of laying eggs. Male bignose sharks reach maturity at around 2 metres in length, while females reach maturity between 2.3-2.8 metres. Females give birth at different times of the year depending on where they are found. In the Mediterranean Sea, Bignose sharks are known to give birth from August to September, while off the coast of Madagascar, birth occurs during September and October. + Black-tailed rattlesnake, Description * Most Black-tailed Rattlesnakes grow to the length of. They can be as long as. Females are said to be larger than males. + Brine shrimp: Branchiopods * The optimum for 'Artemia' is 100 to 150 parts per thousand. Use of the brine shrimp, 'Artemia' spp. The shrimp grow to be about one centimeter long. Females tend to be larger than males. * Female and male brine shrimp have different reproductive systems, although they are similar in some ways. The female reproductive organs consist of ovaries and an ovisac. These are used to produce and store their eggs. The male reproductive organs are testes and a penis. Females can fertilize their eggs in two ways. The first way involves both the male and female brine shrimp. The male would help fertilize the egg in the female's body. This process is known as copulation. The other way only involves a female brine shrimp. She is able to fertilize her own egg. + Brown huntsman spider, Description: Sparassidae * Females have a larger abdomen than males but males have longer and thinner legs with a slim body. The female also has a strong body and often carries a pillow-like egg sac under her - tree snake, Reproduction: Colubrids :: Reptiles of Australia * Reproduction has not been looked at in detail. Females make up to two groups, called clutches per year depending on season, climate. The female places the eggs in hollow logs, rock cracks, and other places where they are likely protected from drying and high temperatures + Bullfrog, Adults: Frogs :: Symbols of Oklahoma * Bullfrogs can reach a length of. Females are larger than males. Bullfrogs can weigh up to. Bullfrogs are either brown or green. They also have darker spots on their back. Bullfrogs have webbed feet for swimming. They can leap up to * Females are attracted to males who have territories that provide the most food. Bullfrogs will mate between early spring to early summer. A male bullfrog grabs the female and begins roaring. A female bullfrog will make an aggressive call. The female lays her eggs in shallow waters. The male releases sperm on the eggs as fertilizer + Capybara, Description: Rodents * San Francisco Zoo. Retrieved on December 17, 2007. It is closely related to guinea pigs and to chinchillas. When capybaras are full grown they weigh about 55 kg, or 100 pounds. The capybara's stocky body is about a meter, or 3 feet, long, and its shoulder is about 60 centimeters, or about two feet, high off the ground. Females are usually bigger and heavier than males. Capybaras have brown or reddish-brown fur. When they are old their fur is thin, their skin can get sunburned easily. Their eyes and ears and nostrils are high on their heads, so they can easily be kept above water when the capybara is swimming. + Cassowary, Description: Birds of Australia :: Ratites :: Endangered species :: Flightless birds :: Struthioniformes * The Southern Cassowary is the largest forest bird in the world, and the second heaviest bird in the world after the ostrich. It is third tallest after the ostrich and emu. Females are bigger and more brightly coloured. Adult Southern Cassowaries are between to tall. They do not have feathers on their necks. The necks are brightly colored in red, blue, purple and yellow. The Southern Cassowary has two wattles, loose skin, which hangs down from their neck. The Northern Cassowary has one wattle. + Common toad, Description: Toads * The common toad can grow to about in length. Females grow larger than males. Those in the south tend to be larger than ones in the north. The head is broad with a wide mouth. The nose has two small nostrils. There are no teeth. The large, protruding eyes have yellow or copper coloured irises and horizontal slit-shaped pupils. + Crane fly, What they look like: Flies * Adult crane flies have very long legs and a long, thin abdomen. It is very easy to accidentally break off their delicate legs when catching crane flies. Their thin legs and abdomen may help them to escape from birds who try to eat them. Females have larger abdomens in comparison to the males. The female abdomen also ends in a pointed ovipositor that looks a bit like a stinger. Crane flies cannot sting. + Eastern bluebird, Population: Passeriformes * Females have between four and five eggs at a time. Before hatching, there is about fourteen days of incubation. The eastern bluebird has been decreasing in population over time. Despite the fact that many eggs are laid, the birth's success rate is low. One thing that can be the source of that phenomenon might be the introduction of the common starling from Europe. That kind of bird is a strong competitor fighting against eastern bluebirds for natural cavities. + Eyelash viper, Description * Females are larger than males. The Eyelash Viper comes in many colors like green, yellow, red, brown or even pink. + Giant panda, Appearance: Ursidaes * Giant pandas are about the size of an American black bear. They are about tall at the shoulder when they are standing on all four legs. They are about long. Males weigh up to in the wild. Females usually weigh less than. + Harp seal, Description, Reproduction: Pinnipeds * Females mature sexually at age five to six. Then each year, they bear one pup. This is usually in late February. + Kestrel, Description: Birds of Europe :: Birds of Turkey :: Birds of Pakistan * Females are larger. They are small compared with other birds of prey, but larger than most songbirds. Like the other 'Falco' species, they have long wings and a long tail. + Kricogonia lyside, Similar species: Pieridae * The Statira Sulphur has a more yellowish upper side. The underside of the wings is pale greenish to white. Females have light pinkish markings. + Lemur, Feeding Habits and Life * Lemurs mostly eat fruit, leaves, and other plant parts. They live in family groups of 5 to 42 members which is called a troop. Females are dominant and remain in the same troop for life. Males move between troops. The female's gestation period lasts four to five months, and they usually have between one and two babies. Lemur mothers nurse their babies until they are about four months old. Then they begin to feed the babies solid food such as fruit. Lemurs spend most of their time in the trees. + Markhor: Caprids :: National symbols of Pakistan :: Mammals of Pakistan :: Plants and animals of Kashmir * Markhor are 65 to 115 centimetres tall at the shoulder. They usually weigh from 40 to 110 kilograms. Females are a tan colour with a white underbelly and a pattern of black and white on the legs. Males are a lighter tan colour with the same white underbelly and pattern on the legs. Males also have a black face and lots of long white fur on their neck and chest which can grow down to their knees. + Megamouth shark, Description: Sharks * The Megamouth shark has around fifty rows of very small teeth on each jaw, but only three rows are usable. Females seem to have fewer teeth rows than males. + Middle age, Health: Society * Middle-aged females find it harder to become pregnant. Females usually have their menopause in middle age, when they stop bleeding every month. When that happens, they cannot have children anymore. + Moose, Life: Deer :: Mammals of North America * Moose are active during the day. They live alone, but in winter they sometimes form small groups. Moose eat grass, leaves, twigs, willow, birch, maple shoots and water plants. After a pregnancy of 8 months, the female gives birth to one or two babies. Females begin to have babies when they are between two and three years old. Moose usually live to fifteen years old, but they can reach as old as twenty-seven years old. A mother moose will aggressively protect her young. Their enemies are bears and wolves, who hunt moose calves. + Parthenogenesis: Methods of reproduction :: Insects * These female aphids may or may not have wings. Males only appear in any number at the close of the season. Females then give birth sexually during autumn, laying eggs. Therefore aphids are said to undergo cyclical parthenogenesis. + Phengodidae: Beetles * They feed on millipedes and other animals they find in the soil and litter. Males are winged. They are attracted to lights at night. They are probably short-lived and do not feed at all. In some species, adult males can also produce light. Females have organs that produce a green or yellow light on their trunks. + Proboscis Monkey, Physical Appearance: Monkeys * The proboscis mae monkey is known for its very unique, large floppy nose, and the name is taken from the nose, as well. Females have a smaller pointed nose. Another peculiar fact is that a baby proboscis, with its dark blue face and black furs, looks very different from its parents. As it gets older, its fur changes to the orange color of its parents. + Quoll: Dasyuromorphia :: Marsupials of Australia * Females have pouch to carry their babies. + Red Kangaroo, Description: Macropods :: Marsupials of Australia * Males grow up to tall and weigh up to. Females are tall and weigh up to. The tails is about long. There are often reports of larger Red Kangaroos, with some males reaching about tall. + Rosacea: Dermatology :: Health problems * Rosacea affects mostly Caucasians, though some other races can be affected. Rosacea affects both males and females. Females are three times more likely than males to get rosacea. Things that can cause rosacea are exposure of the face to extreme temperature, the heat of sunlight, severe sunburn, stress, anxiety, alcohol and spicy foods. Most people with rosacea have only mild redness and are never officially diagnosed or treated. + Silkworm, Silk: Moths * The silkworm-moths have wings about 2 inches wide and a white hairy body. Females are about two to three times bigger than the males, but similarly colored. Adult silkworms have small mouths and do not eat. + Small White, Description * It looks like a smaller version of the Large White. The upperside is creamy white with black tips to the forewings. Females also have two black spots in the center of the forewings. Its underwings are yellowish with black. + Sparrow, Other so-called 'Sparrows', Description: Passeri * The House Sparrow is small bird. Females are smaller than males. + Sparrowhawk: Falconiformes :: Birds of Europe :: Birds of Asia * The Sparrowhawk eats mostly small birds which live in woodland. It can be seen in any habitat and often hunts birds in town and city gardens. Male Sparrowhawks eat smaller birds like tits, finches and sparrows. Females eat bigger birds like thrushes and starlings. They can kill birds weighing more than. + Specific phobia: Anxiety disorders * Affected people tend to avoid direct contact with such objects or situations, sometimes even the mentions of them. Exposure may result in panic attacks or severe anxiety. The usual onset age is childhood or adolescence, although the condition can start for young adults. Females are almost twice as likely to suffer from specific phobias as males. Examples for specific phobia include fears of thunderstorms and certain animals, particularly spiders or snakes. + Tiger, Appearance, Size * Tigers vary in size depending on their subspecies. Siberian tigers are the largest. Females are a bit smaller. + Venezuelan Sylph: Hummingbirds * Its color is mostly green. The throat is blue and the outer tail-feathers are violet, becoming blue towards the tips. The female is 9.5-11 centimeters long. The tail is shorter than that of the male but still fairly long and slightly forked. Females have a blue crown and white throat, breast and belly. * The Long-tailed Sylph is almost the same in color but does not overlap in range. Males of the subspecies 'caudatus' have a mostly blue tail and no blue throat patch, while males of the subspecies 'margarethae' have green tips to the tail-feathers. Females have a rufous breast and belly. + Wasp, Anatomy * Wasps have biting mouthparts and antennae with 12 or 13 segments. Females have a sting, which they use for piercing and egg laying. Adult wasps feed mostly on nectar, but their larvae feed on insects or pollen, provided by the mother. + Water buffalo: Bovines * Females normally give birth to calves every other year. Young bulls usually stay with herds of mothers, which have about 30 buffalo, for three years after birth.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| female: Adolescent female * require more iron than children because of menstrual losses. * travel together, especially when age differences are minimal. Adult female * associate in much larger groups, whose size and membership vary from day to day. * have different types of singing voices. * is an adult * tend to live alone except when raising cubs. Amictic female * hatch from resting eggs when stimulated by environmental cues. * produce diploid eggs that develop by ameiotic pathenogenesis into females. Dominant female * evict subordinate females and dominant males chase out subordinate males. * inherit the territory of their parents, while males leave their natal territory. * leave more surviving young on average than subordinate ones. Estrous female * are receptive to males until either pregnancy or pseudo-pregnancy occurs. * gather at traditional places separate from pregnant females. Female halibut * grow faster and reach larger sizes than male halibut. * live longer and grow faster and larger than do males. Female lice * Some female lice become lice. * are larger than males.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| female: Female mammal * All female mammals have mammary glands , which secrete milk to nourish the young - ovaries, the organs that produce * Most female mammals have glands - uteruses - produce milk - provide nourishment * Some female mammals have copies - patches * are female animals - females * can produce milk for their young and give live birth. * feed their babies with milk they produce from glands in their bodies. - two X chromosomes * make eggs, which always have an X chromosome. * produce milk and feed their babies with it - to feed their young Fertilized female * begin to swell as the eggs develop within their bodies. * produce both males and females, whereas unfertilized females produce only males. * remain in the root, and their bodies begin to swell. * seek a blood meal which is needed for egg maturation. Gravid female * are unable to fly. * deposit their eggs in the perianal region. * eat voraciously until they are near full term. * prefer higher elevation and open rocky ledge with sun exposure. Larger female * molt less frequently and therefore have more time for reproduction. * tend to spawn in shallower water, which is preferred over deeper water. Little girl * Most little girls develop ear infection - have eyes - lie in beds * Some little girls can have asymptomatic bladder infections that can cause irritation in the vagina. * desire ponies. * grow into women. * like to play with black dolls. * love to have matching pinafores made up to match their Mothers for cookie baking time - play with toys * miss parents. * watch movies. Mated female * chew crevices along leaf petioles in which they lay eggs. * produce offspring of both sexes. * use their needle-like ovipositor to punch a hole in the leaf and lay eggs. Mature female * are fat, especially when egg-laden. * bear two or even three calves a year. * give birth to an average of one pup every one or two years. * have a single functional ovary , on the left side, and two functional uteruses. * produce live young nymphs without mating. Normal female * carry two X chromosomes. * get an X chromosome from both parents. * have two X chromosomes , and normal males have one X and one Y. Older female * are more likely to mate more than once a year. * can produce up to two litters of young per year. * tend to produce larger litters than young females. * travel with their children and grandchildren. Parthenogenetic female * Some parthenogenetic females give birth to a single male offspring. * produce eggs that develop into males - only amictic eggs which have a characteristically thin shell Polyandrous female * discriminate against previous mates. * have two or more mating partners while they are in heat.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| female: Pregnant female * Most pregnant females hibernate on land in excavated dens in the snow, usually on a steep slope - spend the autumn and winter on land in maternity dens * appear to have different feeding habits than lactating females. * are the only Baikal seals to haul out during the winter - transferred to a maternity pen when they are ready to give birth - usually the first to enter dens in the fall * can cause spontaneous abortions or stillbirth - pass the virus to their newborn children * carry the eggs externally as a sponge beneath their pleiopods. * catabolize their own fat and protein reserves during periods of food deprivation. * dig dens for their litters. * drop their antlers within days of calving. * excavate a maternity den, generally in drifted snow near the coast. * gather in shallow lagoons to give birth to calves. * make dens in the soft deep snows of the ice. * move inshore to drop their young in nursery and pupping grounds. * shed their antlers soon after the calves are born in the spring. Receptive female * attract males with conspicuous postures and facial expressions. * channel the males' aggression into breeding behavior by their own responses. * fly into the cloud of swarming males, and mate in flight. Single female * are second only to married couples in the number of homes they buy. * headed families are especially over-represented among the working poor. Spaying female * eliminates the risk of developing mammary tumors, as well as uterine cancer. * prevents mammary cancer, uterine infection and accidental pregnancies. Unspayed female * are at a much greater risk of developing mammary cancer - more likely to bite than spayed females * have higher incidences of mammary tumors, uterine infections, and cancer. White female * are much greater supporters of an activist government than are white men. * become yellow as they age and then brown after they die - then brown when they die * can expect to live the longest. * have a greater diversity in brand selection than white males. Winged female * find mates and establish new colonies. * fly to the same tree and there give birth to wingless daughters. Young female * can breed at one year of age, but many wait until they're two - mate when only three months old and give birth when four months old * stop having young when food is scarce. Younger female * seem to have smaller litter sizes than older ones. * tend to mate later than older females - rank higher than their older siblings<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Feral animal * are another threat koalas have had to face since European settlement. * can cause problems for native plants and animals - often carry diseases that pets can get such as rabies * compete for food with domestic livestock. * have an adverse impact on wildlife and conflict with resource preservation. + Feral organism, Harmful and helpful effects of feral organisms, Economic harm: Animals :: Plants * Feral animals compete for food with domestic livestock. Though hotly disputed, some cite as an example the competition between feral horses and cattle in the western United States. Another example is of goats competing with cattle in Australia, or goats that damage trees and vegetation in environmentally-stressed regions of Africa. Accidental crossbreeding by feral animals may result in harm to breeding programs of pedigreed animals. Their presence may also excite domestic animals and push them to escape. Feral populations can also pass on diseases to domestic herds.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Fertilized egg * are deposited in multiple pockets within the redd over a span of several days - the soil in cocoons - eggs that have joined with sperm cells - enclosed in a cocoon and hatch in two to three weeks - held in a sac against the urosome of the female * are laid in holes in the ground - singly and are usually attached to aquatic plants - more resistant to drying out than unfertilized eggs * are released as floating masses - in long strings - retained brooded over winter for dispersal in the spring plankton bloom - safe to eat * become female workers, while unfertilized eggs become males - female, and are diploid - hatchlings, then tadpoles, then adult frogs * cleave many times to give rise to multicellular organisms. * develop quickly depending upon the temperature of the pool water - rapidly into ciliated larvae * develope into non-feeding larvae which metamorphose and settle. * develops inside female gametangia and is thus protected - into a sporophyte * grow into larvae called planulae. * hatch after about fifteen days - into free-swimming trochophore larvae * is an animal * join together in a mass, held together with adhesive produced by the female. * lie dormant until denning. * remain in the gills until the larvae develop. * result in female offspring, either workers or queens. * surrounds itself with a wall and becomes oospore. * undergo several larval stages before they turn into adult sea cucumbers.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Few animal * achieve full adulthood. * appear to consume live emergent macrophytes directly. * are as feared by humans as wolves - hungry as a shrew - capable of altering a landscape as much as the beaver - free from some kind of parasite * can open their mouths as wide as hippos can - survive the attack of an angry gorilla * display their moods via facial expressions as distinctively as cats. * eat adult starfish, which are apparently neither palatable nor nutritious - high fat diets - spotted skunks except great horned owls and a host of tiny parasites - the healthy, adult rockweed plants * escape invasion by some type of ameba. * evoke such strong emotions in humans as snakes. * go to college, except dogs that can kick field goals. * graze directly on mangroves. * have a better sense of smell than the whitetail - specific predator - eyesight as well developed as humans, although some do even surpass our abilities - molars strong enough to withstand all the grinding * live here, and only a few plant species can survive in the acidic soil - in the bog, although many pass through it in search of food or shelter * mate for life. * prey on fishers other than humans. * spark more emotional response from people than do dolphins. * survive eating yew - if they depend on others for food and basic maintenance * use mangroves as their only habitat. + Gorilla, Life: Hominids * When on the ground, they walk on their feet and finger knuckles. Troops of gorillas wander slowly through the forests of Central Africa. For about half of their day they search for leaves, vines, and bamboo shoots to eat. For the rest of the day, they lay in the sun and play with their children. If another gorilla threatens them, the troop's leader, the silverback, protects them by rearing up and beating his chest. Few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla. Fewer animal * are intolerant of rice than they are of wheat, corn or soy. * create less impact on the land. * live in the cold desert. * means fewer mouths to feed. * reduce impact on the environment. * use the high salt marsh for food. Fossorial animal * are adapted to living underground. * dig burrows, bore into the soil, or construct tunnels. Freshwater animal * Most freshwater animals have concentration. * Some freshwater animals have expectancy - life expectancy - lose salt	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Frighten animal * Most frighten animals make sound - whistle sound * Most frighten animals search for hide places Frightened animal * can be dangerous, and they can transmit diseases - make a whistling sound while calves can give bleat-like cries * make a whistling sound and calves have a bleat-like cry. Furry animal * All furry animals are creatures who like to eat carrots. * Some furry animals have short limbs. * can carry some sticky plant seeds to new places. * grow thicker coats to keep warm in the winter. * produce allergens that can cause allergic rhinitis and asthma. * steal honey from bees. Game animal * Many game animals live in the Kalahari. * are field dressed and skinned under less than ideal conditions. * come to water. * consist of moose, caribou, black and brown bears. * see UV, especially at dawn and dusk. Gelatinous animal * Many gelatinous animals are also bioluminescent. * are opportunists that can quickly overwhelm an area. * inhabit all marine habitats, and even some freshwater ones. * play a key role in the Arctic food web.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Giant * Some giant centipedes prey on bats. * also inhabit Velious, both the nomadic frost giants and the more civilized storm giants. * are a race of beings who have their own ancient society and traditions - enterprises - giant humans - gray-brown, with the bristly crest and arm hair finely banded - people - sports teams * burn the fuel in their stellar cores faster than dwarfs. * eat branches of bushes, tear a dry grass. * have enormous size and strength packed in a human form - much more extended atmospheres, and hence stronger lines - quarterbacks * is an animal ### animal \| giant: Giant dioon * has shiny, stiff, light to bright green leaves that grow in an upright nest shape. * prefers partial shade or partial sun to full sun. Graze animal * damage habitats. * destroy desert plants - many desert plants * eat grass. * feed on aquatic plants * have opportunity. * lift heads. Gregarious animal * Most gregarious animals seek daytime shelter * Some gregarious animals live in burrows.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Hatchling * Most hatchlings eat food. * Most hatchlings emerge from nests - onto the surface of the beach at night - end up on the losing end of the food chain - follow parents - get water - go through metamorphosis - grow into adults * Most hatchlings have glands - ridges - reach water - receive water - survive exposure - use teeth - weigh ounces * Some hatchling freckled pythons are ferociously nippy for the first few months of their life. * Some hatchlings avoid predation - become worms * Some hatchlings eat fish - turtles - emerge at nights - enter water - feed on crickets * Some hatchlings have bands - fathers - gills - shells - never reach the oceans and are snatched up by hungry crabs - resemble adults, others have larval stages and successive molts - survive to adulthood * also tend to move away from darkly silhouetted objects such as dunes and vegetation. * are a favorite with herons - almost exclusively carnivores until they are older - also a favorite food of herons - altricial , naked with their eyes closed - chickens that have just hatched * are extremely vulnerable to disease, ecological contamination, and sea predators - predation and other mortality factors * are independent and rely on their natural instinct for finding food - at birth - omnivores, eating both plant and animal material - primarily carnivorous and become omnivorous as adults - very prone to dehydration - youngs * attach themselves to vertically to submerged objects by an adhesive disc on their snout. * avoid some predation by hatching and moving to the ocean at night. * break shells. * can die struggling to implant, and some embryos fail to hatch. * dig burrows. * easily tip over onto their backs, usually by climbing against the wall or over siblings. - insects and minnows and, as they grow, move on to consume crustaceans and large fish * eat mostly insects and live in trees - small insects - small fish and insects, adults go after turtles and baboons - their nests at all phases of the moon and successfully find the ocean - mostly at night from eggs buried in beach sand and make their way to the sea * face danger - many of the same predators and dangers that the eggs do, plus some * fall into two main categories, nidicolous and nidifugous - prey to raccoons, ghost crabs, gulls, and a myriad of fish in alongshore waters * feed on small fish, and crustaceans. * find food. - very slowly and require a lot of food * gulp air. * have a heart-shaped carapace which becomes elongated as the turtle matures - sharp beak so that they can pip the egg open - very high mortality rates * hide under logs and stones and are diurnal, likely because adults are cannibalistic. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * look like creatures - tiny adults, but they have no reproductive organs * normally eat newborn mice. * often dig side burrows off of the adult s burrow but sometimes dig their own burrow. * possess an inborn tendency to move in the brightest direction. * produce offspring. * receive care * require care. * seem to feed mainly on other young snakes. * start with their first meal being a hopper mouse. * tend to congregate together in groups called pods. * typically are diurnal , and spend the majority of their time hiding under logs and rocks. * use a caruncle, a temporary egg tooth to break open their shells - the brightest light source as a way to navigate back to the ocean - their eyesight to determine the location of the moon, and crawl towards it - up a lot of energy in their frenzy to get to the ocean * wait until nightfall to emerge and head for the water, to avoid predators.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Healthy animal * Most healthy animals eat proteins. * allow ranchers to be successful. * are a prerequisite both for good animal welfare and for good science - less affected than animals in poor health * are more difficult to take - productive animals * can usually resist infections - withstand sub-zero temperatures if they are dry and out of the wind * have room to move around and have positive human contact. * produce less dander.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Herbivore * Many herbivores also are ruminants - are needed to support a few carnivores - belong to a group called ruminants * Many herbivores have cheek pouches in which they can store food for a while - large, dull, flat teeth - spend a large part of their life eating * Most herbivores are one or the other. * Most herbivores can have impact - reproduction - chew food * Most herbivores compete for food - resources * Most herbivores consume biomass - grass - live plant tissue - many succulent plants - sea grass * Most herbivores depend on availability * Most herbivores eat aquatic plants - blueberries * Most herbivores eat decay plant materials - vegetation - fibrous materials - flowers - fruit - green plants - herbages - leafy plants - leaves - matter - nuts - organisms - photosynthetic organisms - roots - seeds - shrubs - trees - vegetable matter - vegetables - escape predation * Most herbivores feed on acacias - fibrous food - potato - upon leaves - find food * Most herbivores get leaves - lower leaves - graze grassland * Most herbivores has-part glands - guts - stomachs * Most herbivores have ability - diets - effects - front teeth - growth - molars - mouthparts - organs - positive effects - predators - ingest toxins - kill plants * Most herbivores live in areas - ecosystems - forests - habitats - same areas - make up prey - occupy areas - populate areas * Most herbivores possess bodies - bones - enemies - sides - skulls * Most herbivores prefer eat grass - gardens - rely on plants * Most herbivores require food - grain - seek meals - select food * Most herbivores serve as food - share landscapes - use energy * Most herbivores walk on feet - legs * Some herbivores acquire energy - adapt to diets * Some herbivores affect abundances - aquatic plant abundances - decomposition - nutrient availability * Some herbivores are located in mangroves - more successful at feeding on damaged hosts - very aggressive - attract carnivores - avoid consumption * Some herbivores become hosts - specialists - benefit from absence * Some herbivores browse on trees - raspberry, but in general, it offers relatively poor forage - carry capacity * Some herbivores cause damage - deterioration * Some herbivores consume moss - nutrients - only dead plant material - control plants - depend on producers * Some herbivores eat algae - any plant matter they can find - cacti - eucalyptuses - kelp - meat - pear cacti - plant flowers * Some herbivores eat prickly cacti - seaweed * Some herbivores feed on algas - marine algas - nectar * Some herbivores find in rainforests - tropical rainforests - follow fire - graze in grassland * Some herbivores graze on algas - plants and others browse - woodlands - has-part incisors * Some herbivores have bacteria - breakdowns - competitive outcomes - develop incisors - hands - harvesters - similar outcomes - the ability to break down the chemicals in their body without being harmed - upper hands - invade ground * Some herbivores kill mature trees * Some herbivores live in communities - regions - shore communities - make gases * Some herbivores possess enzymes - horns * Some herbivores prefer forests - nests - provide food - reach height - release energy * Some herbivores sense infection - parasitic infection * Some herbivores use chemicals - complex chemicals * also have a noticeably longer intestine than carnivores. * are a type of heterotroughs that obtain energy by eating plants - able to consume diets relatively high in fiber and low in protein - an important component of the prairie ecosystem - animals that eat autotrophs in order attain energy in the form of nutrients * are animals that eat only plant material, such as the caterpillar - plants and they are placed next in the food chain - plants, while carnivores are animals that eat other animals - solely on plants - exist mainly on a diet of plants or algae - feed only on plants * are animals which eat only vegetation such as leaves, fruit and bark - only eat plant material - whose primary food source is plant-based - animals, such as deer, who eat plants * are at the second level in the food chain - of the food chain and mainly eat plants - called primary consumers because the feed directly on producers - classified based on the part of the plant consumed - common, but big, fierce animals are rare - considered primary consumers and are the first consumers on the food chain - consumed by carnivores or by omnivores * are consumers that eat plants for their energy and nutrients - which eat the producers - designed to eat and digest plants - direct plant feeders - eaten by the secondary consumers, or carnivores - grazers, and in the ocean that means they eat phytoplankton - mammals that eat plants - on the opposite end of the dietary food chain from carnivores - one step away from the ultimate source of energy, the sun * are organisms that are adapted to eat plants - anatomically and physiologically adapted to eat plant-based foods * are plant eaters and are primary consumers - have flat teeth - surrounded by their food and make up the primary consumers in the food web * are the main seed dispersers - organisms that feed directly on producers - primary consumers and they include anything that eats grass or plants * are the second trophic level and graze on plants - wildlife species that eat vegetation * attack plants. * belong to the second trophic level - tothe second trophic level, and the predatorsbelong to the third level * can also be keystone species - avoid plant defenses by eating plants selectively in space and time - be very large or very small - eat the whole plant - major impact - keep dominant species of plants in check so that other species can grow - live only where plant food is available - often have several stomach chambers and a much longer digestive tract - simply walk, swim, or fly up to the plants they feed on - sometimes benefit the plants they consume - wreak great damage * can, however, be picky eaters, depending on how palatable salt-marsh plants are. * come in many shapes and sizes. * consume algae or plant matter such as seeds, leaves, and fruits - only plants and get their organic compounds from the plants - plant biomass - plants, and carnivores consume herbivores * consume the carbohydrates produced by plants using photosynthesis - constructed plant organic molecules for nutrition to run their metabolism * convert plant biomass into animal biomass. * damage habitats - plants for their survival - autotrophic organisms, plants, algae and autotrophic bacteria * eat only plants, carnivores eat only meat, and omnivores eat both plants and meat - while carnivores eat only other animals * eat plant material, which is much more difficult to digest than animal tissue * eat plants and release the stored energy - only while omnivores eat both plants and meat * eat plants, algae, and other producers - carnivores eat meat and omnivores eat both - particularly roots - such as seagrass, and other photosynthetic organisms, such as algae - which form the foundation of the food chain but are the toughest to digest * eat producers and are called first order consumers - such as plants - the leaves and fruits of the forest * eat the plants and are at the second trophic level - convert plant proteins into animal proteins and nucleic acids - plants, and carnivores then eat the herbivores * employ numerous types of feeding strategies. - the autotrophs and transform the energy of the plant into their usable form * feed upon leaves - the trophic level, consuming plants * function in food chains and food webs as primary consumers. * graze for long periods throughout a day to gain as much energy as possible - canine teeth - dentition and digestion specially adapted deal with tough plant materials - it easier than carnivores, when it comes to finding food * have large, flat teeth that grind up plant materials - to pulverize the cellulose plant wall - longer small intestines than carnivores - more peripheral vision - seeing with only one eye a good part of the time - sweat pores for heat control - teeth that are adapted to grind fibrous plant tissue - weak defenses and are often prey * include elk. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - plasma membranes - sections - vacuoles * ingest materials * inhibit climate-driven shrub expansion on the tundra. * is an animal * just eat less food during moonlit nights to avoid predators. * mainly eat the producers. * need drink water * only consume plant material which is very difficult to digest. * only eat plants and other things that grow on trees or the ground - to get energy and nutrients * prefer diseased plants * procure their nutrition and energy from the plants. * refer to animals that consume only plant products. - vegetation in their environment * roam continents - earth * search for dried grass under the snow. * sometimes die after getting their necks caught in branches. * to digest food. * typically have adaptations towards a specialization of eating and digesting plant matter.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| herbivore: Large herbivore * Most large herbivores can have impact - have predators * Some large herbivores browse on trees. * Some large herbivores graze in grassland * Some large herbivores have a different strategy for digesting plants * can also have many effects on vegetation. * maintain termite-caused differences in herbaceous species diversity patterns. Mammalian herbivore * Most mammalian herbivores avoid consumption of Hypericum spp - can have reproduction - compete for resources - eat plants * Some mammalian herbivores avoid consumption. * Some mammalian herbivores kill mature trees Many herbivore * Most many herbivores have mouthparts. * Some many herbivores eat meat - feed on nectar * Some many herbivores have breakdowns - cheek pouches * Some many herbivores live in communities - shore communities Other herbivore * eat seeds. * get leaves - lower leaves Small herbivore * Most small herbivores eat plants - escape predation - possess stomachs * Some small herbivores benefit from absence. * have to take in more food per kilogram of body weight than larger animals. * tend to be diurnal, whereas carnivores are predominantly nocturnal or cathemeral. Wild herbivore * Most wild herbivores make up prey. * Some wild herbivores eat meat. - major impact<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Herbivorous animal * Most herbivorous animals depend on plants. * Most herbivorous animals eat diets - fiber diets - high fiber diets - matter - emerge from burrows * Most herbivorous animals feed on kinds * Most herbivorous animals have food preference * Some herbivorous animals eat leaves - primary producers - graze on flowers - resemble rabbits * are vegetarians meaning that they only eat plants. * build strong muscles and bones from grass and leaves alone. * can digest it. * consume vegetation.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Higher animal * All higher animals have a true coelom, a body cavity formed from within the mesoderm tissue layer. * Most higher animals are capable of using light to image their surroundings. * can feel love, pride, curiosity, and triumph. * can, pretty much, eat the stuff, but it kills insects. * have self-centred impulses, to get food, to avoid danger, to reproduce - specific organs of excretion, such as the lungs and kidneys - their bones on the inside, but arthropods have their skeleton on the outside * use lungs for breathing. Homeotherm * are animals that have a constant body temperature. * is an animal * maintain a fairly constant body temperature - constant body temperatures that are higher than the temperature of environment Homozygous animal * Some homozygous animals exhibit defects. * present early embryonic lethality. Hoof animal * Most hoof animals inhabit areas - countries * have feet - toe feet * survive in habitats. Hoofed animal * Most hoofed animals spend some of their time on a hardstanding. * rely on being able to flee rapidly to avoid predators. Host animal * are many species - cats, dogs, humans, etc. * scratch their ears excessively which causes loss of hair and scabbing. Hungry animal * Most hungry animals eat food * are more likely to eat poisonous plants. Hybrid animal * Some hybrid animals exhibit greater strength and resilience than either parent. * are called chimeras sometimes because of the monster. + Greek mythology, Gods and Goddesses * There are lots of monsters in Greek mythology. Many are hybrids of animals or people. Some important Greek monsters are minotaurs, satyrs, centaurs and chimera. Hybrid animals are called chimeras sometimes because of the monster. Individual animal * Most individual animals have characteristics. * Some individual animals prey on livestock. - different personalities and levels of tolerance * respond differently to things going on in their environments. * vary in susceptibility to prussic acid poisoning.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Infect animal * Most infect animals have digestive glands * Most infect animals live for several years - transmit viruses * Some infect animals keep as pets. * need care - supportive care<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Infected animal * Some infected animals appear unthrifty and have a swelling under the jaw - weak and unthrifty, while others only have chronic diarrhea * appear tame and have a distinct frothing at the mouth. * are infectious to others for several days prior to the onset of clinical signs. * begin by excreting the virus a few days before signs of the disease develop. * can also be a source of listeriosis - be very calm and tame - lose weight and stop milk production, decreasing their economic value - shed the bacteria onto feed or grass, where it can be ingested - spread the virus to other susceptible animals * carry and secrete the virus for about a week - virus up to several months * continue to eat, but have constant or recurring bouts of diarrhea. * develop a distinct swelling at the site of injection - prolonged viremia and a biphasic febrile response - blister-like sores in the mouth, hooves and elsewhere - blisters in the mouth, tongue, muzzle, teats and skin between the hooves - lesions and sores on hooves, mouth and other areas - pneumonia and diarrhoea and die of dehydration if untreated * die in a slough, pond or lake. * eat and gain weight Plasma pepsinogen levels rise slightly. * excrete the virus in their urine. * exhale bacteria through breathing, coughing and sneezing. * fatigue easily, cough and appear unthrifty. * lose their appetite. * pass oocysts in their feces - the virus out in dung, urine, saliva, breath and fluid from burst blisters * produce less milk and meat even after recovering from the infection. * release virus in all excretions and secretions, including ruptured vesicles. * remain carriers for life, constituting a potential source of disease spread. * secrete numerous virus particles before clinical signs appear. * shed the bacteria in their manure - primarily in their urine - virus into the feces, urine, saliva, and by coughing - virus in nasal and oral secretions, feces and urine * show varying degrees of sneezing, snoring and discharge from the nostrils. * spread spores called oocysts in their stool. * suffer itching and scabbing - such a loss of body condition that their monetary value becomes nil Infested animal * are often restless, focusing on their discomfort rather than eating. * become irritable and difficult to work with, especially during milking. * shake their heads and rub their ears in an attempt to relieve the irritation. Intelligent animal * Some intelligent animals change behavior - have rings - thrive in environments - use kinds * adapt to habitats. * include humans.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Invertebrate * All invertebrates have exoskeletons - share common traits * Many invertebrates also eat fungi, both opportunistically and actively. * Many invertebrates are also indicators of a healthy environment or one that is becoming polluted - considered garden pests - hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female sex organs - marine animals - microscopic - breed once for all, the act frequently marking the end of their life cycle - can tolerate lower oxygen levels than fish - feed on the fungal mycelia produced in animal nests - go through a process of metamorphosis at some phase in their life cycle * Many invertebrates have a fluid-filled, hydrostatic skeleton, like the jelly fish or worm - well developed circulatory systems * Many invertebrates have an exoskeleton - open circulatory system - little in the way of physical protection such as shells or exoskeletons - specialized sense organs, rather than ears, for hearing and equilibrium - move swiftly, but mostly in bodies of very small size - release ammonia across the whole body surface - rely on the river s current for supplying food or for respiration - reproduce asexually, including coral and starfish - reside in the root-like holdfasts which attach the plant to the rocky bottom * Most invertebrates are organized in a way called symmetrical - osmoconformers, such that whales ingest seawater passively * Most invertebrates can move - survive extreme natural events like severe storms, blizzards, and flooding - have open circulatory systems - move short distances compared to vertebrates * Some invertebrates are carnivorous - build homes * Some invertebrates can allow themselves to dehydrate without cellular harm - migrate for long distances - exhibit bilateral symmetry * Some invertebrates have a soft body, while others have a hard outside covering - an internal skeleton - hemoglobin in solution in the plasma - more advanced sensory abilities involving antennae of one kind or another - live symbiotically with other organisms * also have a pharynx - line the trackways, usually attributed to insects and crustaceans * are all the other animals - animals that don t have a backbone * are animals that lack a vertebral column , or backbone - segmented vertebral columns - who lack a backbone or spinal column * are animals without a backbone - backbones like anemones, corals, shrimps, snails, and crabs * are animals without backbones, and they are the largest group of animals - vertebrates are animals with backbones * are animals without backbones, such as worms and insects - skeletal structures, such as insects, crabs, clams, and snails - any other animal that is classified outside of that class - classified as any species of animal without a backbone - cold blooded animals that rely on their surroundings to maintain their body heat - everywhere, influencing all other species, including humans - excellent environmental quality barometers - good sources of protein and energy for channel catfish - grouped into different phyla * are important as parasites and are essential elements of all ecological communities - in the food webs of most water and land communities - impressive in abundance and diversity, living on land and in water and air - in alphabetical order by common name - indicators of water quality - just as nutritious as vertebrates - low in fat, high in protein, inexpensive, and, of course, easy to find * are more polymorphic than vertebrates - susceptible to the effects of cadmium than are birds and mammals - noncontroversial, inexpensive and economical to maintain as experimental animals - responsible for pollinating many flowering plants * are the animals without backbones and are the largest group of animals in the world - majority of the animal kingdom * are the most common type of organism to reproduce asexually - diverse group of animals on our planet - numerous type of animals on planet earth - oldest known animals on earth - well represented in The Diversity of Life exhibit on the ground level - wild animals * become common. * can however have an external skeleton, for example crabs - provide evidence of the local environment and human activity * considered include arthropods, coelenterates, helminths, and molluscs. * constitute the majority of the animal kingdom. * do much better in the swamp than vertebrates. * exhibit a variety of defense mechanisms. * feed on living and dead plant matter, and on each other - rapidly growing, salt-tolerant algae * form a small proportion of the diet and include termites, grubs, and worms - their hard secretions into shells * have a retinal light current, vertebrates a dark current - simple nervous system although they differ among species - chemoreceptors to detect food and perform other functions - complex life histories with both juvenile and adult stages - many different reproductive strategies * have no backbone, so they instead have a shell like a lobster - vertebrae or backbone * increase conduction velocity by increasing fiber diameter. * is an animal * lack a nervous system. * make up by far the largest percentage of species that are yet unknown to science - much of the food larger aquatic organisms eat - the bulk of the animal kingdom * occur in a tremendous variety of shapes and colors. * often live in colonies. * only have macrophages that roam around looking for and getting rid of foreign bodies. * play a key role in the wetland food chain. * predominate in breeding season, seeds are more important remainder of year. * provide a concentrated source of protein and fat required by a rapidly growing animal - tasty food source, pollinate plants, and control pest species - variety of recreational activities - the protein and calcium necessary for egg production * rapidly colonize restored wetlands and form the basis of much of the avian food chain. * show a wide range of protective reactions to putatively painful stimuli. * supply most of the protein needed for egg production. * thrive in a variety of habitats worldwide. * thus vary considerably with regard to body plans and life strategies. * use complex combinations of smooth and striated muscle - myelin to increase action potential conduction velocity * yield a plethora of atypical guanylyl cyclases.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Invertebrate animal * Many invertebrate animals are capable of forming such associations. * Most invertebrate animals have skeletons. * Most invertebrate animals live in habitats - marine habitats * Some invertebrate animals have exoskeletons. * Some invertebrate animals resemble sea snails * include centipedes. - the soil and water and on plants ### animal \| invertebrate: Aquatic invertebrate * are extremely sensitive to many pesticides. * lend themselves to education about aquatic conservation very readily. * live in the bottom parts of our waters. * serve as the primary food source for many stream fishes. * swim through the water, crawl along the bottom, or burrow into the bottom.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| invertebrate: Brachiopod * All brachiopods are marine animals whose habitats range from the inter tidal zone to deep ocean - secrete a mineralized shell composed of two bilaterally symmetrical valves * Most brachiopods are found attached to rocks or burrowing in soft sediments - sessile filter feeders and are incapable of burrowing - have their two shell valves held together on a hinge with teeth and sockets - live below the low tide level in seawater with normal salinity - prefer clear waters, but there are a few which prefer brachish waters * Some brachiopods also have adjustor muscles which connect to the pedicle - have statocysts , which detect changes in the animals' position * are a very common local fossil. * are also abundant - especially common here * are among the oldest known fossils - shelled invertebrates - ancient shellfish that have been found in the layers of the Grand Canyon - benthic marine invertebrates that inhabit both deep water and shallow environments - entirely marine - extremely abundant - in the form of the two hinged shell type * are marine animals that secrete a shell consisting of two parts called valves - that, upon first glance, look like clams - with one upper and one lower shell - invertebrates with two dissimilar shells - next in abundance * are one of most common fossils found in the Pennsylvanian rocks in eastern Kansas - the easiest fossils to find - quite different * are rare in the oceans today - solitary animals - strictly marine and are usually found in shallow seas - superficially similar to bivalves , both having two shells * develop spines and heavier shells as sharks develop broad, flat teeth for crushing. * have a characteristic lophophore - food-gathering organs called lophophores - symmetrical shells but the two mating shells are different * is an invertebrate * live only in the sea, and most species avoid locations with strong currents or waves * now live in deeper waters where food is scarcer - mainly in cold water and low light * retain strong bilateral symmetry, even in their feeding organs. * still live today and most are found on shallow ocean bottoms - persist today, but are neither abundant nor diverse + Bivalve, Comparison with brachiopods * The upshot was that bivalves took over the desirable inshore habitats. Brachiopods now live in deeper waters where food is scarcer. + Lingula * Brachiopods are superficially similar to bivalves, both having two shells. Bivalves may be attached to a substrate with byssus filaments, that extend from between the shells.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| invertebrate: Bryozoan * All bryozoans are colonial and most are marine. * Some bryozoans encrust rocky surfaces, shells, or algae - form colonies through connection of individual units by stolons * also have a U-shaped digestive tract. * are almost entirely colony-forming animals - always colonial and almost always live in marine environments * are colonial animals in the Phylum Bryozoa - animals, a collaborative group of specialized individuals, called zooids - microscopic animals that occur in both freshwater and seawater - colonial, filter-feeding organisms that are almost entirely marine - ecologically important in the Indian River Lagoon due to their feeding method * are filter feeders, so prefer clear water to live in - feeding animals that form colonies or attach to rock surfaces - important in a kind of ecosystem way - microscopic individuals that form complex colonies - moderately tolerant of variations in environmental conditions - mostly marine, but some species are estuarine or freshwater - often twig or fan shaped - small colonial organisms that live in marine waters all around the earth - suspension feeding, sessile, marine or freshwater organisms * band together into colonies to make it easier to capture food as it floats past. * bear a striking resemblance to coral, but they are more closely related to brachiopods. * can reproduce both sexually and asexually. * dislike siltation and prefer clear water. * grow colonies. * have no special respiratory or excretory organs - several predators, including sea slugs, urchins, fish * lace corals are beautiful living fossils. * live in standing and flowing water. * look a lot like corals, but are a different kind of marine animal. * show several evolutionary trends. * species diversity from the fossil record. * use ciliated tentacles to filter suspended particles as in the photo at left. + Bryozoa, Ecology * Bryozoans are almost entirely colony-forming animals. Many millions of individuals can form one colony. The colonies range from millimeters to meters in size, but the individuals that make up the colonies are tiny, usually less than a millimeter long. In each colony, different individuals have different functions. There is only a single known solitary species, 'Monobryozoon ambulans', which does not form colonies - Reproduction & development: Invertebrates :: Animal phyla Coelenterate * All coelenterates reproduce sexually. * Many coelenterates are polytrophic feeders, able to derive nutrition in more than one way. * Some coelenterates are jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones. * are invertebrates. * exhibit radial symmetry. * incorporate many of the prototypical design elements found in higher animals. * is an invertebrate<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| invertebrate: Comb jelly * Comb jellies are a source of beauty, bioluminescent, and an improtant food source - able to regenerate any lost part, even an entire half of the body - all free swimming and never go through alternation of generations as jellyfish do - another member of the jellies group and are very similar to jellyfish * Comb jellies are common in both warm and cold waters - residents of both nearshore and open sea habitats - quite beautiful organisms, existing in an array of ethereal shapes - the largest of all animals that utilize the beating of cilia for locomotion - come in many shapes and sizes , and so within the group there are many ways to feed * Comb jellies have a much simpler reproductive process - no stinging cells, but instead use sticky mucous to catch their prey - live throughout the world's ocean, although most species prefer warmer water - use sticky adhesive to capture their food * Some comb jelly has tentacles. ### animal \| invertebrate \| comb jelly: Beroe * are conspicuous and easily seen from the surface. * is comb jelly	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| invertebrate: Ctenophore * All ctenophores are predators, and most are nearly transparent - bear both an ovary and a testis * Many Ctenophores possess solid, contractile tentacles - ctenophores have two long tentacles, but some lack tentacles completely * Most ctenophores have two long tentacles , but some lack tentacles completely. * Some ctenophores live in somewhat brackish water, but all are confined to marine habitats. * are the most basal known type of animals. Dunn 'et al.' 2008. * also have distinctive adhesive cells - resemble cnidarians in having a decentralized nerve net rather than a brain * are active predators hunting constantly for small crustaceans and other plankton - also highly bioluminescent, meaning they can produce and emit their own light - hermaphrodite and many are bioluminescent - hermaphroditic - strictly carnivorous and prey on a variety of planktonic animals * are the largest animals that use cilia for locomotion * consume zooplankton, small fish, jellyfish, and other comb jellies. * have connective tissues and a nervous system - eight rows of comblike plates arranged longitudinally around the body - tentacles that have sticky filaments to capture their prey * lack the nematocysts characteristic of jellyfish. * move by beating the cilia on their eight ctenes - through the water by a. somersaulting * show biradial symmetry. + Radiata: Groups of phyla :: Taxonomy * This means the bilaterism in species like 'N. vectensis' has a primary origin. Also the free-swimming planula larvae of cnidarians exhibit bilateral symmetry. Ctenophores show biradial symmetry. Entoproct * Most Entoprocts are coastal marine species, commonly found in rock pools. * are almost entirely a marine group. * is an invertebrate Marine invertebrate * Many marine invertebrates travel considerable distances during certain seasons. * are especially popular in the eastern United States and the Midwest - moderately diverse - still the dominant form of life on Earth * can be osmoconformers because they live in salt water. * tend to be osmoregulators.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| invertebrate: Phoronid * are aquatic worms that build hard chitinous tubes - normally very thin - suspension-feeders - worm-shaped , but with a gut that loops and exits the body near the mouth * follow one of two types of reproductive strategy. * have red blood in a closed system of vessels. + Phoronida, Anatomy - Feeding * Phoronids are suspension-feeders. They move their lophophores into the prevailing water current. Food particles in the water current are trapped in a stream of mucous that travels along the tentacles until it reaches the oral ring. There it is drawn into the mouth and then on into the digestive tract. Direct uptake of amino acids through the epidermis also occurs - Reproduction * Phoronids may be hermaphrodites or single sexed, and may also reproduce asexually. Gametes are released through the nephridia. Fertilisation is probably internal. Phoronids follow one of two types of reproductive strategy. These eggs are brooded within the adults tube, they are released only when they have hatched. These eggs are released as soon as they are fertilised. They hatch a few days later into what is called an 'actinotrocha' larvae. Metamorphosis is 'catastrophic', occurring in less than 30 minutes and leading to a slender young phoronid + Phoronida: Minor phyla * Phoronids are worm-shaped, but with a gut that loops and exits the body near the mouth. That explains the name 'horseshoe worms'. Sipunculid * are all marine. * dig out burrows underneath boulders which lie in mud. * feed on organic matter that they extract from sand and mud. * is an invertebrate Small invertebrate * Many small invertebrates use lichens for habitat and camouflage. * are easy to use in the lab and they model important physiological principles. * comprise the bulk of their diet.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Kit * Most kits die before six months of age, and few adults survive past two years - measure ortho-phosphate, which is only one form of Phosphorus * are born blind and helpless and stay below ground until they are about two months old - with their eyes closed and are covered in white fur - vocal, using squeaks and chirps to communicate with their mother and siblings * consume as much time as a human infant, needing to be fed, burped, and put down for naps. * include manuals. * includes brains - cell membranes - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * play by wrestling and gripping each other's necks with their teeth. * spend most of their time suckling, sleeping and growing. * usually die because of hypothermia and hunger. * weigh ounces. ### animal \| kit: Drum kit * are the basis of most pop music. + Percussion instrument, Drum Kit * Drum kits are the basis of most pop music. A percussion player has to have a very good sense of rhythm. The other players rely on him or her to keep a steady beat and not to play so loudly that the others cannot hear the tune.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Kitten * All kittens have a normal instinct for hunting and pouncing - blue eyes * Most kittens are evolved from cats - placed in their new homes at the age of twelve to sixteen weeks - display similar behavior - drink milk * Most kittens eat food - more solid food - follow mothers * Most kittens gain much weight - go to homes * Most kittens grow into adult cats - angry cats - healthy cats - has-part teeth * Most kittens have blue eyes - coats - noses - runny noses - senses - sore eyes - look like domestic cats * Most kittens reach adulthood - ages - certain ages - maturity - sexual maturity - rely on mothers - remain with mothers - resemble domestic cats - show behaviour - stay with mothers * Most kittens survive into adulthood - thrive on good quality, commercial cat foods * Most kittens weigh ounces - pounds * Some Kittens Can Fly. * Some kittens are better at learning to be on their own than others are - become mothers - continue to initiate nursing bouts long after they are physically weaned * Some kittens die before winter - of starvation * Some kittens eat four or five times a day - meat - emerge from burrows * Some kittens have black spots - diarrhea - illnesses - ocelots - reddish spots - kill prey - like to play with a linear object like string - live on tops - prefer to nurse standing on their hind legs while holding the bottle - sit in cages * Some kittens survive to breed and start colonies of free roaming cats - start colonies of free-roaming cats * Some kittens use boxes - litter boxes * accompany mothers. * always look like small cats. * are animals - both blind and deaf when born but otherwise well developed - bundles of energy and require constant attention - delicate and can be injured by a child's overly tight hug - dependent on their mother for five to six months - gray and fully spotted with mostly black limbs - little bundles of energy * are located in alleys - apartments - arms - backyards - beds - big houses - books - boots - bushs - calendars - cardboard boxs - cartoons - closets - couchs - fairgrounds - farmhouses - floors - gardens - grass - hampers - happy homes - humane societies - kitchens - laps - living rooms - paper bags - poker games - shelter - shoeboxs - story books - sunshine - tables - tubs - windows - zoos - made of flesh - much more suceptible then adult cats to all respiratory diseases - notorious for finding and eating thread - probably most vulnerable to fire - quite slow to accept solids - sensitive to disease and infection - smalls - soft and fuzzy - sometimes available to loving homes - usually quite friendly and playful with other cats and their human family * are young animals - mammals * begin dreaming at just over one week old. * begin to dig or rake in any loose matter they encounter - eat solid food - play when they are about four weeks old - see well and their eyes begin to look and function like adult cats' eyes * benefit from positive socialization experiences in the early weeks of their lives. * catch mice. * come from a loving home and are used to being played with and handled by young children - in many ages, sizes and breeds or mixes * communicate in many different ways. * continue to grow and play, becoming bolder and more confident every day. * dehydrate very quickly. * depend on the early milk, known as colostrum, for protection against serious infections. * develop a preference for which teat they nurse from within days of birth - very quickly from about two weeks of age until their seventh week * die from cold and hypothermia before starvation - in utero because of a failure to develop past the umbilical cord * display behavior * eat more solid food. * enjoy toys. * especially tend to ingest a lot of litter when they are first learning to use the box. * find dental floss very attractive and it is hazardous if swallowed. * get antibodies to many diseases, in the mother's milk - passive immunity to illness from the mother s milk * has-part tails * have baby teeth which are replaced by permanent fangs at around seven months of age - four toes on their front feet and five on back feet - fur - high caloric requirements because of their high energy level - lots of energy to burn - sharp teeth and strong jaws for a reason - spots and are blind at birth - stomachs - very sharp toenails - cell membranes - cells - cytoplasm - nuclei * increase intake. * learn from mothers, littermates and their surroundings - hunting skills through play and exploration, and by watching their mother * like to play and jump when they are around two months old. * look like cats * love to play with flies. * make music. * may have fathers. * need attention * nurse for months. * nursing on a queen is important to both the kittens and the queen. * open eyes. * practice hunting by playing. - independence between seven and ten months of age * receive protective antibodies from their mother's milk. * reproduce the motions of attacking and killing a small animal. * require a high-calorie diet that contains more protein than the diet of adult cats - extra feeding * resemble cats * scratch indiscriminately when they are young. * seem to be at the highest risk for harboring the virus. - responses * start hunting with their mother around five months of age - stalking prey - to eat solid foods from about three weeks and are fully weaned at about eight weeks * take solid food within two months. * tend to ingest a lot of litter when first introduced to the box. * to eat food * use it to communicate quietly with their mothers while they're nursing - multiple objects as prey items when they play * will have spots. * young mammal	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| kitten: Affected kitten * are usually less active than their litter mates. * can also suffer from tail tip necrosis. Bobcat kitten * open eyes. * weigh ounces. Feral kitten * are a special challenge to socialize. * become tame is handled while young. * have a high mortality rate. Newborn kitten * Most newborn kittens have senses - weigh ounces * are hairless, pink, temporarily blind and totally dependent on their mothers - helpless - blind, deaf and furless - tiny and helpless - unable to regulate their body temperatures and rely on mum to keep warm - very fragile * come into the world blind and deaf. * develop sight during the first three or four weeks of life. * look about as much like full-grown cats as tadpoles look like frogs. Older kitten * can have copious nasal discharge, be unable to smell or eat, but seem fine otherwise. * tame more slowly and usually retain some degree of skittishness all their lives. Siamese kitten * are pure white when they're born. * develop early and quickly and show an individual personality.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| kitten: Young kitten * Most young kittens drink milk - remain with mothers * are very susceptible to any germs that are floating around the shelter. * have low levels of a protein called neurofilaments while older cats have more. * need milk. * play using chasing and pouncing behaviors that seem to have their origin in predation. * to eat food - solid food + Cat, Behaviour * Cats are quiet and well-behaved animals, making them popular pets. Young kittens are playful. They can easily entertain themselves with a variety of store-bought or homemade toys. Kitty * Kitties are domestic cats - located in beds - get hungry often - have paws * Kitties includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles - love small, dark, enclosed places to nap in, especially if it's warm - need homes * Many kitties bite when they get very excited, no matter what is causing the excitement. * Some kitties have pneumonia - live in bays Lab animal * are due the same right to freedom from oppression that people enjoy. * get better care than that given by the average pet owner.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Laboratory animal * Some laboratory animals cause cancer - liver cancer * are essential to research on new therapies and cures - in protected environments - indispensable to basic research in nearly all facets of the biosciences - sensitive to the use of electronic equipment and the presence of strangers * behave quite like humans when it comes to alcohol consumption and stress. * can also be inoc- ulated. * lose their jaw bone when their ovaries are removed. * maintain large caches in their burrows. * provide living systems for medical researchers to test out their ideas. * show no harmful effects. * suffer great pain and distress.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Lamb * Many lambs are brought to slaughter earlier, however, and often between six and eight months of age. * Most lambs are born in Spring too. * Most lambs have fur - mouths - silky fur - throats - make wool * Most lambs produce fine wool - reach puberty - show much slower live weight gains - spend their lives on pasture - stay with mothers * Some lambs develop diseases - infection - muscle diseases - die from starvation * Some lambs die of acute diseases - eat hay * Some lambs exhibit nervous symptoms - spider lamb syndromes * Some lambs have abnormalities - babies - international reputations - mutation - severe abnormalities - produce milk - survive summer * are born in the spring and walk soon after birth - without human assistance, a credit to their wild ancestry - comparable to other medium-sized maternal breeds in growth and cutability - depressed and reluctant to suck while the diarrhea lasts - hardy and romping around soon after they are born - hidden for the first two days after birth - meat - more likely to start on feed that is coarsely ground rather than pelleted - obedient, gentle animals - part of domestic sheep - particularly susceptible if ewes have been fed one year or older hay * are susceptible to infection by internal parasites such as cryptosporidium and coccidia - shock, blood poisoning, tetanus, dislocated joints and arthritis - the most susceptible class of sheep to internal parasite infections - totally non-immune until they have been exposed during grazing - victims - vulnerable to many predators including coyotes, wolves, mountain lions and bears - wide between the legs, both front and rear * are young animals - mammals * begin to nibble at grain and hay very early, generally by the time they are a week old. * born to ewes with unsound udders often perish, or have a slow growth rate, and are poddied - with a goiter often have no wool and are weak and at risk of dying from starvation * can become very attached to people too - tell the difference between a photograph of a sheep and a photograph of a human * consume plants. * display swell throats * especially are susceptible to several kinds of parasites, and almost all harbor a few. * exhibit a strong desire to live. * form strong bonds with their mothers. * gain weight. * get antibodies. * graze pasture. * have a soft, light-colored coat and small horn buds - curly hair - high livability and produce lean carcasses - the same genotype as the donor cells and differ from their recipient mothers - various nutrient requirements that are dependent on age, weight and ability to grow - faces * learn which foods are preferable by observing their mothers. * make a bleating sound similar to the young of domestic sheep * need nutrition - supplemental nutrition * often arrive during the night or just before dawn, and all lambs arrive soaking wet - play in groups, jumping up and down together, sometimes being joined by their mothers * receive milk. * suffering from coccidiosis are more susceptible to other diseases particularly pneumonia. * take three months to recover from even mild cases of lupinosis. * tend to start quicker on feeds in a meal form and when feed is kept fresh. * usually respond quickly to colostrum. * young mammal ### animal \| lamb: Affected lamb * are depressed and reluctant to nurse or eat. * have a swollen throat. American lamb * are reared on high quality natural forage diets. * is mild and delicate, compared to the stronger taste of foreign lamb - sold in mosts supermarkets * prime source of high quality protein, vitamins and minerals - high-quality protein, vitamins and minerals Fat lamb * Most fat lambs produce fine wool * are also an important regional product.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| lamb: Newborn lamb * are covered with a densely packed, finely curled wool - prey for eagles, mountain lions and bobcats * die of starvation and dehydration. * have a soft, woolly, light-colored coat and small horn buds. Older lamb * deposit more fat, thus their requirement for protein diminishes. * provide meat with a stronger flavor than young animals. Ram lamb * need nutrition. * reach puberty. Single lamb * are most common, but twins and triplets are occasional. * weigh about eight pounds, twins, four to five pounds.<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Lancelet * Most lancelets have complex organs - sense organs - jaws * Some lancelets have hearts - hollow dorsal nerve cord - sex - inhabit water * also have a type of kidney, but it is vastly different from vertebrate kidneys - lack appendages and can move only by bending their bodies back and forth - swim very quickly and are able to escape predators * are also important to the study of the origins of vertebrates - bilaterally symmetrical organisms - cephalochordates - filter-feeders - fishlike animals that have bilateral symmetry and live in salt water - found in the coastal waters of temperate and tropical regions - harvested for human consumption in some parts of Asia - inhabitants of soft bottoms * are marine animals that have long narrow bodies - species, often buried in the seafloor - quite the tiny organisms - separated into males and females, each with a couple dozen gonads * are small fish like creatures that live in the sandy bottom of shallow tropical oceans - fishlike animals with tapered bodies - somewhere in between, with a notochord that remains throughout life - text book examples of a chordate - very common in shallow water * belong to a subgroup of vertebrates. * display all four of the vertebrate characteristics throughout their lives. * have a fish like appearance, but are invertebrates - primitive developmental system of peripheral nerves - thin layer of skin that covers their internal structure - tough protein outer laying - opposite sexes with both egg and sperm - separate sexes with about the same number of males and females in a population * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * lack a vestibular system, a lateral line system, and a fourth ventricle. * live in all the oceans of the world in warm and cool waters - sand and feed with their gill apparatus - shallow and brackish water around the world - near the coastlines because they prefer sand mixed with shells * reproduce in a very different way from humans. * use their skin as a way to exchange gases - tail to swim weakly and to wriggle backward into the sand<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Land animal * All land animals possess some degree of thermoregulation. * Every land animal depends to some degree on green plants. * Many land animals change colors depending on the season so they can blend in at any time of year. * Most land animals reproduce through internal fertilization. * are limited to reptiles, like frogs and the tutara, and birds. * can find a cozy spot to nest in a french drain after a long no-rain drought. * get oxygen from the air. * have the opposite problem to freshwater protists. * require a much greater proportion of bone than the inhabitants of the water. * use lakes for drinking water.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Large animal * All large animals are dangerous when cornered. * Large Animals Being large also has consequences. * Many large animals migrate up here for their summer forage. * Most large animals come to water - expend energy * Most large animals have areas - low surface areas - possess structures - require food - use blood * Some large animals are more dependent on water and rely on their mobility to reach water sources - can only use large trees for shelter - eat animals - find in grassland * Some large animals graze on foliage - young trees * Some large animals have large thermal inertia - layers - kill cats - live entirely on ants and other insects for their survival - prey on mice - weigh tons * abound, and sharks, sea lions, seals and turtles are seen during nearly every dive. * are an unusual host for fleas - probably too big to be heterotherms due to the effects of thermal inertia * can' t help but be conspicuous. * deer, elk, moose, antelope, require areas cleared by fire for forage. * forage for roots. * lean and rub themselves on corners and uprights, same principles apply to fencing. * live longer. * lose body heat more slowly than small animals. * need food. * tend to be fairly independent - do well, particularly if they are able to get to high ground<\|endoftext\|>### animal: Larger animal * are usually able to run fast enough to escape the fire. * can also present a safety hazard to traffic - better withstand colder temperatures - carry proportionally larger boxes - make spectacular entrances - deer, wild boar, badger at night * depend on the waters for various reasons. * dominate in competition for food, mating partners, and nesting space. * eat the fish and shellfish. * generate more heat per unit of their body's surface area. * have a lower metabolic rate - organs for breathing * live here too, such as bobcats, coyotes, and mule deer - in the cooler, higher elevations - on the forest floor * make up the highest percentage of biomass. * prey on fish, snakes, waterbirds, turtles, and small mammals. * provide a mechanism for complete removal of some pollutants. * remain on top while smaller sizes fall to the layer below. * require an extended surface for gas exchange.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal: Larva * Most larva can only digest a specific type of plant foliage. * Most larvae have fundamental similarity - ravenous appetite - strong mouthparts * Some larvae are active in transient waters such as floodwater, ditches and woodland pools - develop in tissue * Some larvae develop into adult tapeworms - queens - snails * Some larvae eat aquatic insects - diets - dungs - meat - microscopic animals * Some larvae eat other insects - small insects - paralyze cicadas - plankton - pollen - pupas - shed skin * Some larvae eat small aquatic insects - water fleas * Some larvae enter bile ducts - bloodstreams - brains - fungi - mouths - plants - find food - live on animals - look like mealworms - make small cases to hide in out of sticks, leaves, sand, or pebbles * Some larvae reach certain ages - developmental stages - remain under the females, which die after the eggs are deposited * Some larvae spend the winter in the mud of swamps - two or three winters within the cocoons before they pupate and emerge as adults - starve to death * are animals - filter feeders on plant and other decaying deris under water - invertebrates - parasitic on solitary bees - slug like and covered with a black mucous and fecal matter covering * attach themselves to a hard surface and grow into miniature polyps. * can be some time re-emerge and migrate in the eye. * develop into adults that reside in the liver tissue and bile ducts. * e acquire energy - attack fruit - avoid sunlight * e become adult insects - grubs - hosts - pests - severe pests - benefit from life * e change body shapes - into pupas * e come to surfaces - water surfaces - complete development * e consume amounts - fly pupas - food particles - materials - nutrients * e consume solid food particles * e develop into animals - mature animals - patterns - dig soil * e digest cellulose - digestive enzymes - proteins * e eat food - large millipedes - plant roots - emerge from eggs * e enter abdominal cavities - body cavities - burrows - dormant states - environments - pupa stages - exhibit characteristics * e feed on aquatic insects - bacteria - body fluid - gardens - hawthorn fruit * e feed on internal leaf tissue * e feed on organic materials - particulate matter - plant materials - protozoans - scale insects - zooplankton - upon foliage - get planulas * e go through complex metamorphosis - different stages - maturation stages - several stages - graze on leaves * e grow into adults - polyp stages * e grow to full size * e have ability - appearances - backs - bite mouthparts - blood hemoglobins - chew mouthparts - chordate features - cilia - contain hemoglobins - dispersal potential - epidermises - good places - guts - habits - heads * e have high dispersal potential - incredible appetite - jaws * e have large jaws - many features - sacs * e have small mouths - point heads - wrinkly appearances - yolk sacs * e includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * e inhabit areas - different environments - nest areas * e leave host plants * e live in temperature * e look like ant larvae - make cocoons - may have ability - need air - obtain water - pass through stages * e possess ability - bodies - compound eyes - defensive ability - feet - glands - receptors - sensory receptors - range in ages * e reach adulthood - length * e receive food - sufficient food * e require chemical stimuli - fresh water - run water - shallow water - specific stimuli * e resemble caterpillars - midge larvae - tadpole larvae - seek locations - shed exoskeletons * e show better overall performance - growth - optimum performance - rapid growth - stay in places * e survive conditions - expanses - transformation - swim in oceans - thrive in environments - to search for food - transform into pupas - turn into pupas * e undergo complete metamorphosis - dramatic metamorphosis - rapid transformation * e use chew mouthparts * hatches two days after oviposition by the adult. * metamorphose into adults, breed, and then die.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Amphibian larvae * Most amphibian larvae have a similar system. * are born and live in water, and they breathe using gills. * feed upon aquatic invertebrates. * go through metamorphosis to change into the adult form. + Sensory system * Actually, there are other senses. We have a sense of proprioception which checks our balance. Fishes have a sense system which no land animal has. Most amphibian larvae have a similar system. It is called the lateral line system. This senses movement and vibration in the water pressure and other functions. Some fish can sense patterns of electrical current in the water. Ant larvae * are white and grub like. * look like worms. Ant lion * Most ant lions wait for prey. * are insects - sensitive to vibrations and make quick work of foolish ants - small insects that create divots in the sand * have predators, too. * make pits in sandy soil about the diameter of a silver dollar. * range throughout the United States. Aquatic larva * e go through complex metamorphosis - stages * e have chew mouthparts - development - undergo metamorphosis<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva: Aquatic larvae * Most aquatic larvae go through complex metamorphosis * Most aquatic larvae have chew mouthparts * Some aquatic larvae consume the films of algae that form underwater on rocks and plants - eat water fleas * Some aquatic larvae have cylindrical shapes - sides * are mostly herbivorous. * eat many small aquatic organisms, especially crustaceans. * feed primarily on algae and plant material. * find cover beneath submerged rocks, logs, debris, and undercut banks. * seek cover in turbid water, clumps of vegetation, and other submerged debris. * utilize chemical cues in the water to detect the presence of predatory fish.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva: Bot * are automated processes, designed to do automated tasks, such as look after channels - programs which can have all sorts of functions * are computer controlled opponents designed to act like humans - units - computer-controlled enemies in deathmatches - electronic agents - extremely deadly computer opponents that simulate human players in a multiplayer game - mechanized software which searches Internet sites for relevant and pertinent content - players controlled by the computer - programs that join channels as regular users and control various aspects of the channel - simple programs that allow a user to more effectively use information - small computer programs on a usenet server - software tools designed to dig through data * can exist in a number of environments. * are included. * Its not the bot code I am questioning, its the operator. Good code can be used wrong. Every bot has to be approved. * are really just computer programs that their operators wrote to do something. I don't recommend people running a bot who aren't good at deciphering code. * fix some of the errors here automatically. * comprises all forms of psycho- therapy that focus on the body to improve psychic functioning. Cat flea larva * e feed on matter - particulate matter * e possess chew mouthparts	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Caterpillar * All caterpillars can make silk - have special prolegs on the abdomen that are used to grip the branch or needles * Caterpillars Description Caterpillars are the larvae of moths and butterflies. * Create a egg carton catapiller. * Cut out circles of colored construction paper - on different colored construction paper * Just touching a hairy or spiny caterpillar can cause skin irritation. * Many caterpillars are cryptically colored and resemble the plants on which they feed - equipped with defensive hairs which can be highly irritant to some people - nocturnal - picky eaters - serious pests of ornamental and agricultural crops - solitary, while others feed in large groups - very hairy in appearance - feed on oak * Many caterpillars have 'eyespots' on their heads - markings on their rear end that look like eyes - tubercles - resemble the plant on which they feed, dry twigs , or rolled leaves - take shelter in each nest - use the toxins from their host plants to their own advantage * More caterpillars survive, and many adults emerge within a short period of time. * Most Caterpillars are easy to spot - caterpillars appear in gardens * Most caterpillars are herbivores - inside bushes - located on leaves - parasitized late enough that the flies mature in the cocoons - seasonal bugs - selective about what they eat - solely herbivorous - attain adulthood * Most caterpillars attain full-size in early summer and transform to the pupal stage - summer and transform to the pupil stage - avoid enemies * Most caterpillars become black butterflies - change into butterflies * Most caterpillars chew bushes * Most caterpillars depend on forests - habitats * Most caterpillars destroy crops - fruit * Most caterpillars eat aphids - brushes - carbohydrates - certain plants - foliage - food - holes - materials - milkweed plants - noxious plants - plant leaves but a few caterpillars can eat insects - willows * Most caterpillars emerge from chrysalises - trees * Most caterpillars enter forests - pasture - regions - evolve into butterflies - explore territory - feed during summer * Most caterpillars feed in leaves * Most caterpillars feed on aphids - flowers - foliage, frequently causing serious leaf damage to wild plants and crops - grass - hosts - leaves of plants or trees * Most caterpillars feed on milkweed foliage - plants of some kind, and some are pests in gardens and yards - plants, until they become large enough to enter the pupa phase of life - shrubs - weeds * Most caterpillars find places - safe places - special places * Most caterpillars get attention - energy - give birth to caterpillars * Most caterpillars go through growth * Most caterpillars hang from silken thread * Most caterpillars has-part backs - organs - tails * Most caterpillars have a cool pattern - semi-circular ring of six ocelli on each side of the head - similar life cycle and cause similar damage - close resemblance - growth stages - large eyespots - live from about two weeks to a month * Most caterpillars live in environments - fields - on plants - look for places * Most caterpillars make cocoons - excretion - secretion - molt four or five times before they are full-grown * Most caterpillars possess bodies - structures * Most caterpillars prefer a slightly humid environment - humid environments - sticks - surfaces * Most caterpillars require food - secrete sugary substances - seek food * Most caterpillars shed just like snakes * Most caterpillars survive in arctic conditions - threaten habitats * Most caterpillars transform into beautiful butterflies * Most caterpillars turn into butterflies - pupas - undergo physical transformation * Most caterpillars undergo remarkable physical transformation * Most caterpillars use jaws - strong jaws * Most caterpillars visit ecosystems - walk on legs * Some caterpillars appear in Pennsylvania - milkweeds - tents * Some caterpillars are bright colors, saying that they are poisenous - considered pests because of the damage they do to crops - distasteful and poisonous to predators such as birds - hairy, while others are smooth-bodied and mimic twigs - inside cocoons * Some caterpillars are located at farms - in forests - migratory like moths and butterflies - the same color as the plants to hide - used in industry * Some caterpillars attract attention more from their large size than from the damage they do - avoid predators * Some caterpillars become chrysalises - monarchs - bite wasps that approach it * Some caterpillars can be dangerous to touch - give nasty stings and cause painful skin reactions - catch in web * Some caterpillars cause allergies - devastate damage - intense skin irritation in mammals - much damage - change into moths * Some caterpillars chew flowers - choose to look like a vein in a leaf, while others go for the bird-dropping look - collect fruit - complete larval development * Some caterpillars depend on environments - ground - destroy trees - die from that first meal because their mouths gum up - do damage * Some caterpillars eat buds - citruses - entire oak leaves - maples - shed skin - tomatoes - walnuts * Some caterpillars emerge from skin - in springs * Some caterpillars enter a state similar to hibernation throughout the colder months - nests - even change their disguise as they molt and grow - feed at nights * Some caterpillars feed in colonies * Some caterpillars feed on beech leaves - cardamoms - corn stalks - evergreens - leaf surfaces - lichens - seeds - find the green ovaries acceptable as food, others the seeds themselves - give birth to larvae - graze on algas - grow wings * Some caterpillars has-part bellies - glands - mandibles * Some caterpillars have appendages - background color - bands - dots - enormous appetite - hairy warts - horns - impact - light color - powerful jaws - the ability to inflate parts of their heads to appear snake-like * Some caterpillars have white bands - infect with viruses - inflict serious damage - invade trees * Some caterpillars kill larvae * Some caterpillars live in gardens - on milkweeds - look just the same, only bigger, each time they reach a new instar * Some caterpillars look like flowers * Some caterpillars make chrysalises - noise - move at nights - obtain protection by associating themselves with ants * Some caterpillars possess babies - mechanisms * Some caterpillars prefer leaves * Some caterpillars reach full size - receive food - regurgitate acidic digestive juices at attacking enemies - replace skin * Some caterpillars require environments - resemble persian cats - rest on trees - return to gardens - search for places - secrete ant pheromone - seek shelter - sit in trees * Some caterpillars spin outer cases - protective cases - starve to death * Some caterpillars threaten fields - tie leaves together with webbing and eat the leaf from within the cocoon - transform into pupas - turn into butterflies, but most turn into moths * Some caterpillars use different strategies - visit forests * Use straight or wiggly sticks. * also use silk when they pupate, either to suspend a chrysalis or to construct a cocoon. * are a food source in some cultures - active when their hostplants are plentiful, which is often spring and summer - active, slender, green worms with microscopic hairs - blue-black with white spots down the back - capable of doing enough damage to severely retard plant growth - dedicated eating machines - they literally do nothing but eat - dirty white with brown heads - found in the habitat where their food is - generally black, with a white stripe down the back - grayish with five pairs of blue spots and six pairs of red spots along their back - greenish yellow with lots of hair and black dots and feed on leaves - gregarious, occasionally becoming pests * are known to be incredibly voracious, eating everything in sight - grow in size too quickly - large and feeding voraciously - larvae that spend much of their time eating - larvas - lepidopterans - one type of herbivore that only eats part of a plant, they only eat the leaves - particular about the kind of food they eat - phytophagus, with most feeding on all parts of the plants - picky eaters, and butterflies are picky egg-layers - quite sensitive to humidity - really particular about what they eat - reddish brown to black with white markings and long white hairs - relatively fragile creatures - shade-loving and feed during the night and on cloudy days - slug-like, short, and often have tubercles with bristles - soft bodied and slow moving * are solitary and develop through five instars - eat leaves - rest on the underside of leaves - feeders, and when they are mature they pupate in underground burrows - solitary, living and feeding in a nest of leaves tied with silk - subject to weather conditions, disease, parasites and predators * are the immature form of moths and butterflies - or larval stage of moths and butterflies - larvae of various insect species, and as such they eat leaves for food - name given to the larvae of both moths and butterflies - names given to the larvae of both butterflies and moths - stage that cause damage by feeding on leaves - ugly * are usually conspicuously spinose so they can be more readily identified and avoided - solitary and feed on leaves at night - very fragile and can pick up bacterial infections from human skin - voracious feeders - well-adapted to their natural surroundings - where it all begins and probably why butterflies are so fascinating - butterflies in the waiting process * begin as eggs, typically laid on the underside of leaves or bark or other safe places - hole feeders, then progress to free feeding as they get bigger - their damage as adult female moths or butterflies, which lay eggs on plants * build cocoons around themselves and become butterflies with no prior expectation. * bury eggs. * can adjust their body temperatures by moving from one compartment to another - barely see at all - be great at disguise, the can keep absolutely still and pretend to be a twig - become serious pest during certain times of the year by eating the segments - cause the same damage - devastate a cabbage crop if undetected - do tremendous damage in a short period of time - eat several germinants in an evening - sense touch, taste, smell, sound, and light - strip oleander leaves in just a few days * cause a public nuisance - extensive damage to the trees, crops, and clothes - much damage, mainly by eating leaves * change into butterflies and lobster larvae change into beautiful, tasty creatures - slots into the leaves * collect under the cloth during the morning hours as the day begins to warm up. * come in many colors and patterns - various sizes, shapes and colors * communicate with sound. * complete growth. * construct silken shelters by tying leaves together about midway up the host plant. * consume a lot of milkweed leaves in order to gain enough mass in such a short time - leaf tissue * cost cotton growers millions of dollars annually in chemical controls and lost yield. * crawl to move around. * damage plants. - vegetation - millions of dollars worth of crops each year * develop through a succession of phases known as instars. * display behavior. * eat a lot so bring plenty * eat almost constantly and grow very quickly, at an astonishing rate - molt many times as they grow - buds and young leaves, and pupate in litter at the base of the host plant - catkins and leaves - continuously throughout their existence in order to build up reserves - dead leaves and fruits, and detritus * eat grass blades and pupate underground - leaves at night and make shelters of silken tubes lined with grass * eat leaves and are gregarious when young - develop continously during the wet season - feed together in groups when they are young - flowers, and feed together in groups - live in nests of rolled or tied leaves * eat leaves and live in shelters of leaves tied together with silk - of silked-together leaves - tents of silked-together leaves * eat leaves and make a resting platform with silk and dung pellets - nests of silked-together leaves * eat leaves and make shelters of folded leaves - male flowers of the host plant * eat leaves and rest in shelters of silked-together leaves - on silken mats in shelters of curled leaves - underneath - spin large cocoons in the leaves of the host plant - take shelter in tied-up leaves - the fourth stage hibernates - young ones feed gregariously - from hickory, walnut, sweet gum, birch and persimmon trees - of several hardwood trees including oak, birch, basswood, apple and aspen - leaves, although some prefer flowers and young fruits * eat leaves, and live and pupate in tents of folded, sealed leaves - young ones live and feed communally - flowers, and young fruits - seeds and seed pods, and very few caterpillars are agricultural pests - lots of foliage, butterflies sip nectar from flowers - mostly leaves and other various plants parts - one or more different kinds of leaves - only vegitation and adults eat nectar - plants while most butterflies drink the nectar of flowers - slots into the leaves and sometimes feed together in groups - the leaves and sometimes flowers and seeds of certain plants * eat their eggshells after they hatch, then at night feed on catkins and leaves - way into the thick leaves * eat young leaves in spring - seeds inside the pod, where they overwinter and pupate * emerge as possible cause for syndrome killing foals. - in the spring and feed on leaves, making shelters of leaves tied with silk * fall off the foliage and onto the sheet. * feed actively on broadleaf trees for five to six weeks - and live in the shelter of a webbed leaf - approximately two months and then pupate * feed at night and hide at the base of the plant during the day - pupate under mosses and rocks - at the base of host plant and pupate in a loose silk cocoon above ground - night, and during the day rest hidden on the bark of their host plants * feed exclusively on milkweed, ingesting toxic glycosides present in the plants * feed first on foliage - leaves, then flowers and seedpods - gregariously, writhing and twitching upon disturbance * feed in clusters near branch terminals - groups out in the open * feed in groups when they are young and move apart when they are older - small groups when young but become solitary when older - inside lower canes and crown area - mostly on thistle - off certain plants and fruits before they turn into beautiful butterflies * feed on Virginia creeper and grape leaves - a range of host plants , including both woody and herbaceous plants - blue violet and over winter shortly after hatching * feed on buds, flowers, and seed pods - leaves, flowers, and young fruit - flower buds and young fruits * feed on flowers and fruits and are tended by ants - flowers, seedpods, and young leaves and are tended by ants - foliage of trees, shrubs, flowers, vegetables, and weeds - grass leaves and live in silken tubes at the base of grass clumps - grasses - leaf buds and leaves * feed on leaves and buds and probably detritus - chrysalids hibernate - inside vines and fruits - live at the base of grasses in shelters of rolled or tied leaves * feed on leaves and live in nests of leaves tied together with silk - nests of tied-together leaves - shelters of rolled leaves - shelters of tied leaves - tents of two leaves silked together * feed on leaves and make shelters of rolled or tied leaves - of silk-tied leaves - occasionally flowers and fruits - partially-grown caterpillars overwinter in rolled leaf shelters * feed on leaves and rest in leaf nests * feed on leaves and take shelter in nests of rolled leaves - in nests of tied leaves - communally in a web * feed on leaves of ailanthus and produce silken webs - many shrubs and bushes, such as hollies - only of catalpa trees * feed on leaves, flowers, and developing seeds, and are tended by ants - weakening the tree * feed on milkweed and sometimes on dogbane - most parts of the host - plants in the carrot family, which includes dill, fennel, parsley, and carrots - ripening grain, consuming the contents and leaving the hull intact * feed on tender foliage * feed on the edges of leaves and hide at the base of plants - leaves of trees and shrubs - needles at night and pupate in shallow burrows underground - outer coverings of the stems - violet leaves and hibernate when in the third to fourth stage of development - willow leaves and mimic bird droppings in appearance * feed on young leaves and rest in leaf nests - shoots * feed together in groups, and pupate and overwinter in shallow underground burrows - on leaves, flowers, or bracts in a silk nest - when young, sometimes in a slight silk web - within shelters of webbed leaves * feeding in the heads are often difficult to detect. * find good places - creative when it comes to self defense * give a little clue about where they are - little chewed marks in the leaves - several stages, called 'instars', in which they change their skin * grow out of their skin, molting - quite rapidly - rapidly and typically complete their larval development in seven to eight weeks - to inch and are whitish to pink with yellow-brown head capsules - very quickly , shedding their skin several times along the way * hatch and begin feeding on leaves, spinning silken webs enveloping their feeding sites - to feed on the turf - grow as they feed for several weeks - from eggs and produce silken tunnels for protection while feeding - in less than two weeks and are solitary feeders - the next spring * hatching from eggs are initially black with a white saddle. * have a chemical called juvenile hormone in their bodies that is made by their brain - dark side, one that justifies entomophobia, the fear of caterpillars - series of white dashes on the back - appearances - around twelve ocelli and no compound eyes - big appetites and as a result they usually grow very rapidly - black heads, with long, light brown body hairs * have chewing mouth parts - five pairs of prolegs with the last pair having the appearance of a forked tail - huge appetites for leaves and fruits and can defoliate plants quickly * have large appetites for leaves and fruits and can defoliate plants quickly * have many natural enemies and are usually temporary nuisances - such as birds and wasp and fly parasites - that usually keep their numbers below damaging levels * have one black segment but lack white markings on the back - stripe down back and construct silken webs in branch forks - pale brown heads - silk glands and produce silk threads around feeding sites * have six legs on thorax, and prolegs, which are fleshy appendages on abdomen - true, jointed legs on the thoracic segements, immediately behind the head - soft bodies that can grow rapidly between moults - something called a spinneret, which silk stranding - spinnerets on their bottom lips - strong mandibles for chewing their food, a characteristic adult butterflies lack - three true legs - to be sprayed in their first or second molts, for example * have two pairs of six ocelli on their head - types of legs which perform different functions * have very poor eyesight and can see only light and dark - specific tastes - whitish keyhole-shaped markings down the middle of their backs * hide in litter during the day and emerge at night to feed on leaves and fruits - the thatch during the day and come out to feed at night * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * infest cherry trees * ingest food - plant food * instinctively know to eat plants, and hang on during the chrysalises stage. * lack the proboscis and have separate chewing mouthparts. * leave the safety of the silken web to feed - their tents to feed on leaves and can quickly defoliate sections of a tree * like to eat the leaves and butterflys lay eggs on the leaves. * live and feed within nests of webbed leaves * live in a nest of leaves tied with silk, and fourth-stage caterpillars hibernate - tube of silked-together leaves and feed mostly at night - leaf shelters and feed on leaves - shelters of folded-over leaves and come out to feed at night * live in shelters of rolled leaves and feed on leaves - or tied leaves and emerge at night to feed on leaves - silk nests and eat leaves - suitable places * love corn - spinach, too * make a webbed leaf nest in which they live and feed - great pets, both for children and for adults - great, easy pets for kids and adults alike * molt four or five times as they grow - to five times during their development - into pupae inside the host plant - many times during their development * molt several times during development * mostly eat plant material, but some eat insects. * move in a wavelike motion, from back to front. * need certain food * often blend in with their environment as a defense mechanism against predators - cluster on the lower trunks of infested trees - emit a greenish-black fluid when disturbed which stains paint and cloth - shelter within a loosely folded leaf * only eat fresh leaves that have enough water. * pass through five to seven larval instars before they enter the pupal stage - it to become butterflies * poop a lot. * prefer environments - flowers and buds of the host plants - oak, crab apple and apple, willow, aspen, birch, basswood, linden, and tamarack * probably hibernate in their fourth stage. * produce a loose silken mat on top surface of infested food material - lot of frass * pupate and overwinter in burrows in the ground - chambers in the ground - shallow burrows in the ground - underground chambers - at the base of the host tree after descending from the tree on a silken thread * pupate in cocoons spun in leaf litter on the ground - cracks or crevices spinning a very small amount of silk * pupate in loose cocoons in shallow underground burrows - the leaf litter - within shallow underground burrows * pupate in shallow burrows in the ground - soil - chambers in the soil - thin cocoons underground * quickly complete their development and spin cocoons before winter. * rely on wild plant sources to exist. * represent the second type of larva. - some moisture to keep their skin moist and to drink * resemble bird droppings and eat leaves and young shoots * rest in leaf shelters and come out at night to eat leaves - rolled leaves during the day and eat leaves at night - inside the tents during the night and depart to feed on leaves during the day - underneath leaves during the day, emerging at night and on cloudy days to feed - with the hind end elevated * roll their own. * secrete substances - the shelter of the burlap during the daylight hours * seem to gravitate to the roof of the containers, too. - their skins four or five times as they grow, in a process called molting * specialize in feeding and are mostly leaf-eaters. * spend most of their time eating. * spend the day in leaf shelters and eat leaves during the night - shelters of rolled or tied leaves and feed on leaves at night * spin down onto people on silk threads. * spin loose cocoons in plant litter under the host plants - under the soil surface in which they pupate and overwinter * stay inside the pupa for one week. * stop feeding within a few hours after taking a bite of the treated leaf. * symbolize transformation. * tend to be green and cylindrical and are covered with very short hair. * threaten gardens * tunnel into stems and feed for up to six weeks, then pupate in the soil - the leaves, causing whitish-brown patches to develop on leaves - silk to make nests or cocoons - the thread to spin the cocoons in which they change into an adult moth - their jaws for the same purpose * usually begin chewing on a leaf in the center , or away from the edge of the leaf - feed by chewing on plant matter - have five pairs of stumpy prolegs on the abdomen - occur singly, although some are nest builders - spend the day in shelters of rolled leaves and emerge after dark to eat leaves + Butterfly, Life cycle, Caterpillar * All caterpillars can make silk. The silk is made from the salivary glands. Silk starts out as a liquid in the salivary glands. The caterpillar draws out the silk into a small thread. The silk hardens as soon as it is exposed to the air. Caterpillars use silk to make nests or cocoons. * Most caterpillars feed on leaves of plants or trees. Most species of caterpillars will feed only on a small number of certain kinds of plants. If the caterpillar's food plant is not found, it will starve to death. + Parasitic wasp, Host defence: Wasps :: Parasites * The egg shells and cuticles of the prey are thickened to prevent the wasp from penetrating them. When the wasp arrives, prey may drop off the plant they are on, or twist and thrash to dislodge the female. Some regurgitate onto the wasp to tangle it up. The wriggling can sometimes help by causing the wasp to miss laying the egg on the host and instead place it nearby. Wriggling of pupae can cause the wasp to lose its grip on the smooth hard pupa or get trapped in the silk strands. Some caterpillars bite wasps that approach it. Some secrete poisonous compounds that kill or drive away the parasitoid. Ants that are in a symbiotic relationship with caterpillars, aphids or scale insects defend them from attack by wasps. Gross P. 1993.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Caterpillar larvae * Some caterpillar larvae cause damage. * have between two- five prolegs. ### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Army worm * are a problem if they eat the tubers. * prefer being active at night or during overcast days, avoiding open sunlight.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Armyworm * also differ in their feeding behaviour. * appear to be a major problem on stargrasses and bermudagrasses. * are a problem in Central Texas, and many wheat stands have been destroyed - some hay fields - actually the caterpillar life stage of a moth - caterpillars - most likely to flourish where there dense canopy - of some concern * are the larvae of various moth species - larval form of a moth that feed on lawns, wheat and improved pastures - widely present across the area * attack all grass-type crops, especially corn and the small grain - many different kinds of plants * can be very damaging to small grains and corn if present in high numbers - cause serious damage in one to two days before the damage is even noticed - devour large sections of ground cover and portions of field crops * chew on the entire plant, and, left unchecked, can decimate the sorghum crop. * consume tremendous amounts of grass in their last three days before pupating. * continue to be a problem in some crops and pastures - found sporadically in barley and wheat fields - devastate hay meadows, pastures, lawns and fall gardens - march and destroy Indiana cropland and pastures * eat succulent leaves first. * feed on the leaves of grassy plants including corn. * hatch in clusters, and the small worms spread through the plants over time. * have five stripes, three on the back and two on the sides, running the length of the body - six stages of growth * only eat grasses. * pose a threat to wheat growers every year. * sometimes evade chemical sprays by hiding beneath plants' leaves. * spend the winter in the southern United States, and the moths fly north in the spring. * typically become a pest of wheat just before, and during heading. * usually feed at night and damage corn by chewing leaves - small grains by chewing leaves - only at night ### animal \| larva \| caterpillar \| armyworm: True armyworm * begin feeding on the lower leaves before progressing to the top of the plant. * complete five or more generations per year in North Carolina. * do most of their feeding damage during their last few days as nearly-mature larvae. Beet armyworm * is chiefly a pest of late-planted seedling soybeans - regarded as a generalist herbivore * slender striped larvae that feeds on leaves. Bollworm * are caterpillars. * chew their way through the bark and wood. * is the name for the caterpillar of a particular moth, which causes severe damage to crops. * occasionally are present early in the season before any bolls have formed. * only cause damage in the larval stage. Cabbageworm * come in two varieties. * likes to eat mustard greens. Cankerworm * are also abundant on oak in southeastern New York and Long Island * belong to the moth family Geometridae, also known as inchworms for their looping walk. * drop to the ground and burrow into the soil when full grown. * eat tree and shrub foliage. * feed on a wide variety of deciduous trees including oak, ash, elm, linden and apple - chestnut - hawthorn foliage during the spring * pose a threat to broad leaf trees. * travel down from the trees, hanging on silken threads.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Cutworm * Many cutworms develop in high grass surrounding putting greens, crawling onto greens when larger. * Most cutworms are a dull color and have practically no hair - gray to black and curl up when disturbed - pass the winter as partially grown larvae * Some cutworms climb the host and feed on unopened buds. * are a frequent problem in Montana - group of caterpillars that cut seedling plants off at or below the soil surface * are active at night and are either in the soil or under residue during the heat of the day - on golf course putting greens - among the most difficult insect pests of corn to control - easiest to control when they are small - famous for cutting off the plants right at the base - gray or dull brown fat caterpillars - inactive during the day, hiding under clods of soil - located in lawns - most active and cause the most damage during spring and early summer months * are nocturnal and burrow into the soil during the day - spend the day resting in shallow burrows in the soil near a host plant - occasional pests that are treated with pyrethroids to limit the amount of damage - plump, smooth and often, greasy-looking - primarily active at night - still active - stout caterpillars with a dull, greasy appearance * are the larval form of moths - soil-dwelling larvae of certain moths * attack many vegetable crops, grasses, and field crops such as cotton, corn, and peanuts. * can be a problem for seedlings - serious problem for transplants * can be difficult to control, but understanding their behavior can help - scout for because infestations are often irregularly distributed - extremely frustrating to the grower because they are difficult to detect - enter a greenhouse as moths which fly in and deposit eggs - girdle young seedlings - occasionally infest soybean fields and cause stand loss - remove the soft green outer layer from the predominately woody stem - sever the seedling * cleave seedlings off at or just below the soil line. * damage cotton in the seedling stage by cutting the plants off at the ground - young plants by chewing on the stem slightly above or below ground * develop in weedy areas, later moving into an alfalfa field - through five to eight larval instars * eat holes in the base of the immature fruit. * excavate a hole into the ground to hide during the day. * feed at night and hide in the soil or under debris during the day - the soil or under piles of debris during the day - mainly at night * feed on a great variety of plants - variety of hosts - and destroy large patches of anemone - grass blades and cut plants off near the soil surface - leaves of seedlings - primarily at night or on cloudy days * generally curl up as illustrated when disturbed. * have a wide host range and most field crops are acceptable hosts - many predators and parasites that help control their numbers - one to four generations per year depending upon the species * hide by day but can be found by scratching the soil from the base of affected plants - during the day and are found on the plants mostly at night - under debris or in the soil during the day and are found on the plant only at night * injure established fields by cutting off new growth or feeding on foliage. * migrate into newly planted crops from surrounding weeds or infested crops. * munch right through tender seedlings at ground level. * often recur in the same fields and areas from year to year - tunnel into a stalk, but from the ground level * pass the winter months in the larval stage. * primarily feed at night. * pupate in the soil. * sleep by day and work by night. * sometimes feed on young plants. * usually do their feeding at night and hide in the soil around the plant during the day. * usually feed at night and rest on the surface debris during the day	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva \| caterpillar \| cutworm: Army cutworm * are cutworms - foliage feeders above the ground surface - pale greenish-gray to brown in colour - reportedly a nuisance in several states * become full grown by mid-spring, burrow into the soil, and pupate. * can be serious pests of wheat and alfalfa. * feed above ground so evidence of feeding damage indicates their presence. * foliage feeder, but usually hides during the day. * has a wide range of plants on which it feeds. * have a wide host range and feed on most Crops grown in Colorado - an unusual life cycle - one generation per year * is found throughout the western states. * spend the winter as a partially grown caterpillar, feeding as temperatures allow. Black cutworm * continue to cause damage to cornfields across Iowa. * feed at the base of the turfgrass plant. * has four tubercles of unequal diameter on the top of each body segment. * is just one harmful pest during the summer. * pest of corn in Iowa, occasionally causing economic loss. Variegated cutworm * are an ashy, or light dirty brown caterpillar less than two inches long. * attack a variety of vegetables and crops. * complete two to four generations per year in North America north of Mexico. Different caterpillar * eat different plants. * like to eat certain kinds of plants.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Fall armyworm * are a tropical insect species - caterpillars that eat the leaves and are worse on lespedeza in hot, dry weather - moth larvae that feed on grassy crops and forage - sometimes a problem in wheat production in the fall before frost - typically a problem on newly seeded winter wheat before a killing frost occurs * can cause serious damage in one to two days before the damage is even noticed. * continue to be a problem in pastures - occur in a few fields * feed on a variety of plants, including forage grasses - the young plants and eat the plants to the ground, causing a loss of stand * vary in color from pale green to almost black. Hungry caterpillar * Most hungry caterpillars feed on foliage. * Most hungry caterpillars use jaws - strong jaws Inchworm * Have the children cut an egg carton in half lengthwise. * are a type of caterpillar , and the slow-worm legless lizard. + Earthworm: Annelids * Long ago, all animals looking like worms were lumped together by John Ray, and by Linnaeus in their classifications. Later, biologists found that some were in quite different groups. Roundworms and flatworms are different phyla. Inchworms are a type of caterpillar, and the slow-worm is a legless lizard. Large caterpillar * Most large caterpillars feed during summer. * are solitary feeders, but commonly rest in large clusters. * pupate in the soil where they spend the winter. Looper * Most loopers are greenish in color and crawl with the characteristic hump in their bodies. * are green with white stripes on their backs - semitropical pests * different breed of cat. * eat large holes in the leaves and, under high populations, can strip an entire field.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar \| looper: Cabbage looper * are generally easy to kill - insects - light green caterpillars which loop as they walk - light-green, smooth, and loop when they move - one of the garden pests that can be quite easily removed by hand - pests of leafy vegetables, broccoli and cauliflower * are present in most crops - nearly the entire growing season - small green, striped worms which are known as trichoplusia ni * continue to cause damage to foliage and fruits. * occur year round in Arizona's central and southwestern desert areas. Soybean looper * are difficult to control with insecticides. * defoliate both cotton and soybeans. * is very difficult to control with insecticides. * pupate in silk-like cocoons attached to the underside of leaves of their host plant.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Mature caterpillar * are yellowish with black and brown markings, and have many tufts of long hair. * chew large , ragged holes in the leaves leaving the large veins intact. * have black heads and a broad black stripe running the length of their back. * hibernate in leaf litter. + Horseradish, Pests and diseases: Root vegetables :: Medicinal plants :: Spices :: Brassicaceae :: Condiments * Full grown caterpillars are about in length. They move sluggishly when prodded. They overwinter in green pupal cases. Adults start appearing in gardens after the last frost and are a problem through the remainder of the growing season. There are three to five overlapping generations a year. Mature caterpillars chew large, ragged holes in the leaves leaving the large veins intact. Handpicking is effective for control.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Monarch caterpillar * Most monarch caterpillars eat leaves. * Most monarch caterpillars feed on foliage - milkweed foliage - plants * Some monarch caterpillars eat milkweeds - feed on milkweeds - shed skin * are also easy to recognize, with distinctive coloration - easy to find on Swamp Milkweed - fussy eaters - nothing but milkweed leaves - the leaves of the milkweed plant * feed exclusively on milkweed * feed on milkweed foliage * feed only on milkweed leaves, but the adults nectar from a variety of flowers * have two pairs of filaments - tentacles * ingest the toxins from the milkweed they eat. * subsist on milkweed, which often grows in or near corn fields. Moth caterpillar * Most moth caterpillars eat leaves - make silk - spin a cocoon made of silk when they go into the pupal stage * Some moth caterpillars have impact. * can barely see at all. + Differences between butterflies and moths, Morphological differences, Pupae: Lepidoptera * Most moth caterpillars spin a cocoon made of silk when they go into the pupal stage. Most butterflies on the other hand form an exposed pupa called a chrysalis.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Older caterpillar * are black or greenish with stripes - with yellow or orange stripes running the length of their bodies * are green to almost black with stripes along each side - with prominent eyespots on humped area near head - solitary feeders - very distinct in their appearance * begin feeding from the leaf edges and consume entire leaves. * chew holes in leaves or consume leaves altogether. * develop a deep blue velvet coloration with a sparse covering of long brown hairs. * eat half of the leaf before moving to the other half. * feed alone - on older leaves and tunnel into fruit * feeding on plants of the parsley family prefer to eat the flowers. * have a dark line along each side of the upper back - two different color forms * hide during the day at the base of the plant and feed at night. * make daytime shelters by pulling leaf edges together with silk. * tend to be solitary eaters. + Eurytides marcellus, Life cycle * They are sometimes laid on the tree trunks. The egg is pale green. After three days it turns an orange-brown color. It turns dark gray just before hatching. Young caterpillars are black. Older caterpillars have two different color forms. The more common form is green. It has yellow and white stripes. The more rare form is black with white and orange stripes. The caterpillar has a bad smelling, forked gland called an osmeterium. It is found just behind the head. Puss caterpillar * are broadly polyphagous on shrubs and trees. * propel their fecal pellets. Redhumped caterpillar * pass the winter as full grown larvae in cocoons on the ground. * seem to be more abundant after a warm winter.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Silkworm * are a favorite food for chameleons and one of the best staple food items - an ideal food source for chameleons of all sizes, and it is also very nutritious - insects - the larvae or caterpillars of silk moths - totally reliant on humans and thus a very labor-intensive prospect - very hungry * eat mulberry leaves. * feed on mulberry leaves and weave cocoons. * produce silk when they secrete a fine, strong filament while spinning their cocoons. * shed their skins several times while growing. * suffer agonizing deaths to feed the market for silk ties, silk underwear, and silk sheets. * survive exclusively on certain strains of mulberry leaves. * eat mulberry leaves. They are native to northern China. + Silkworm, Growth: Moths * Silkworms are very hungry. They eat mulberry leaves day and night. Silkworm eggs take about ten days to hatch. When the colour of their heads turns darker, it means that it is time for them to shed their skins. After they shed four times, their bodies turn slightly yellow and their skin becomes tighter, which means they are going to become a pupa. While they are a pupa, they turn into moths. Stinging caterpillar * All stinging caterpillars are foliage-feeding insects. * Most stinging caterpillars belong to the insect family known as flannel moths. * are the immature stages of several species of moths.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Tent caterpillar * Some tent caterpillars destroy trees - do damage * are active in southeastern North Dakota and western Minnesota - also subject to a virus disease called wilt - animals - densely hairy and often brightly colored - hairy black worms - more of a nuisance than actually detrimental to overall tree health and vigor - pests - primarily a nuisance - widely polyphagous eating many forest shrubs and trees * can cause considerable defoliation - completely defoliate shrubs - defoliate the entire tree * contain oxalic acid and have irritating hairs. * eat the leaves of fruit trees, birch and many other trees. * feed on young leaves in the spring. * have one generation per year. * infest cherry trees * live in a large, silken tents in the crotches of trees - groups within a silken tent * make large webbed nests in trees then eat the foliage - nests to live in but leave the nests to feed - silken tents to live in while they feed on their host trees - their webs at tree crotches and are spring pests * produce only one generation per year. * spend the winter as egg masses on branches. Velvetbean caterpillar * cause damage by consuming foliage. * is an annual pest on Georgia soybeans.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Webworm * are caterpillars - dark green caterpillars with two white stripes and black spots on their backs - in spider-web type bundles and are usually worse on pecans - very active * damage the leaves of ash by both feeding and web building - chestnut by both feeding and web building - pear by both feeding and web-building * employ their silk to tie together their host's reproductive parts. * feeding on the outer leaves of older plants are harmless. * pass through one or more generations per year depending on the species. * therefore has only one generation per year.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva \| caterpillar \| webworm: Sod webworm * Webworm injury is similar to that caused by cutworms. * are active during the night hours feeding on grass blades - caterpillars of small brown to dull gray moths - the caterpillars of lawn moths * can damage an area of lawn about the size of a softball. * create patches of chewed blades - silken tubes in lawn thatch * feed at night and curl up on or near the top of the soil during the day - only at night * have a preference for newly seeded, thick lawns - one to two generations per year in Colorado * live in the soil and damage grass roots. * produce two to three generations each year. * spend the winter as larvae.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| caterpillar: Young caterpillar * Many young caterpillars die from getting knocked off of their host plants by rain. * Some young caterpillars have glands. * are gregarious but become solitary as they grow - feeders, but older ones are solitary - pale yellow, with two rows of black marks along the body - yellow or green * chew holes in the tops of leaves, then later feed from the leaf tip. * eat buds during the day - flowers, while older caterpillars eat flowers and new leaves - leaves while older ones eat flowers - new leaf growth and more mature caterpillars eat both new and older growth * feed gregariously and older caterpillars are solitary feeders - while older ones feed alone * feed in clusters and older ones feed alone - groups and older caterpillars feed alone * feed in groups while older caterpillars are solitary feeders - ones are solitary feeders * feed in groups, and older caterpillars are solitary - while older caterpillars eat alone or in pairs - on flower buds, older ones on flowers and fruits * feed on leaves, older caterpillars eat leaves and stems - superficially, leaving the upper leaf surface intact * feed together and when older they feed alone - in silk webs * feed together on new plant growth and when they are older they feed alone - oak flowers and older caterpillars feed mostly on leaves * feed together while older caterpillars are solitary - together, but become solitary as they grow * make a long perch by extending a leaf vein with dung and silk - shelters of folded leaf blades * move in groups as they skeletonize leaves. * occur in groups. * spend most of their time in the crowns of trees. * stay together and move about in a single file, following silk trails. + Eurytides marcellus, Life cycle * Females lay their eggs singly on pawpaw leaves. They are sometimes laid on the tree trunks. The egg is pale green. After three days it turns an orange-brown color. It turns dark gray just before hatching. Young caterpillars are black. Older caterpillars have two different color forms. The more common form is green. It has yellow and white stripes. The more rare form is black with white and orange stripes. The caterpillar has a bad smelling, forked gland called an osmeterium. Younger caterpillar * have less black. * rely on the silk left by their older siblings. Coral larvae * Most coral larvae have ability. * Some coral larvae have the ability to undergo reverse metamorphosis. * are baby corals and are the product of sexual reproduction - formed in two different ways * settle at a higher frequency on red surfaces. Crustacean larvae * Many crustacean larvae consume microalgae as part of their diet. * Some crustacean larvae have types. Cutworm larvae * curl up tightly in a spiral shape when disturbed. * stop feeding and seek concealed areas to spend the winter during mid-fall. Develop larva * e benefit from life. * e consume fly pupas Dobson * Some dobsons have diets. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles Female larvae * All female larvae have the potential to become either workers or queens. * Some female larvae develop into queens.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Fish larvae * Some fish larvae have eyes - globules - oil globules * are also very abundant in marshed and aquatic grass beds - attached to a large yolk sac - free-living organisms that feed on plankton, bacteria, or organic debris * develop from hatched embryos. * feed mainly on other zooplankton, especially copepods. Infected larvae * molt to infected nymphs and infected nymphs molt to infected adults. * stop feeding and eventually die. * turn a chalky white color, become hard then turn black.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva: Infective larvae * Some infective larvae are eaten by sheep. * Some infective larvae have protective sheaths - invade dermal tissue - penetrate skin * Some infective larvae survive for months - several months * are believed to be in their third stage. * are relatively inactive, so little migration occurs from well formed manure pats - resistant to environmental hazards * develop inside the intermediate host. * penetrate skin but are unable to pass through to the circulation and the lungs. Insect larvae * Most insect larvae are generic in form, hence the lumping of many species under the umbrella term. * Most insect larvae have blood hemoglobins Large larvae * are what people buy in pet stores or bait shops to feed their reptiles or fish. * consume entire leafs from plants. * indicate completion of the feeding or damaging stage of cutworms. * move down to the base of the corn plant and bore into the stalk before pupating there - on to new tissue, cones or shoots Larval survival * Some larval survival depends on humidity - relative humidity * is poor in the prostrate stems of non-flowering plants. * results in insect pressure - lower pressure Live larva * e develop into worms. * e feed on bacteria Mature larva * e become pupas. * e possess ability - defensive ability - transform into pupas Mature larvae * Most mature larvae possess defensive ability. * form earthen cells within which the pupae form. * move to places just under the surface of the soil and pupate in earthen cells.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Mealworm * Most mealworms change into beetles - eat grain - feed on vegetation - go through metamorphosis * Most mealworms have many natural predators - live on diets - turn into pupas - use energy * Some mealworms become pests. * Some mealworms eat decay leaves - pets - substances - feed diets * Some mealworms have exoskeletons - joint legs - life - shelf life - sources - tough exoskeletons - make up diets * Some mealworms prefer environments - habitats - human environments * Some mealworms shed exoskeletons - outer skin * Some mealworms undergo complete metamorphosis * also like to hide under things - make a delicious and nutritious treat for bluebirds and other wild birds - show great potential as a source of protein for human nutrition * are a favorite food or treat for many different pets and critters - great way to teach about the life cycle - healthy food for many birds and mammals as well - particular favorite of the bluebirds and robins - pest in grain storages - also a great bait - an earth-friendly source of protein, researchers say * are another good food source - source of food for tree frogs - another, larger, wiggly grub often available in bait shops - both the cleanest and most practical insect to breed * are easy to breed and feed, and have a valuable protein profile - maintain in the classroom because they require very little care - maintain, and can be kept in one of two ways - raise - store and easy to feed - edible for humans - found in warm, damp and dark places in nature and man-made environments - highly nutritious - important because they teach the fledgling to catch live food - larvas - light brown and darken as they get older - little worms that provide hens with lots of protein and other nutrients - nutritionally deficit * are popular as fish bait and as food for many types of small pets - reptile food and bird treats - with several species - scavengers and are most commonly found in damp, spoiled grain and grain products - similar to ground beetles but the headis somewhat scoop shaped * are the brown worm-like larvae of darkling beetles - favourite food of many garden bird species * are the larvae of a beetle - the Darkling beetle - to stay home - useful for their high protein content * can be a food source for birds, lizards and other insects - easily crawl out of a standard wooden feeder - get into and ruin stored flour, pet food, mill feed, cereal and other dry goods - thrive in captivity, and can be purchased at pet shops * come packed in wheat bran, which serves both as bed and breakfast. * go through changes as they grow - substrate - very simple tastes in food * includes brains - cell membranes - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * live all over the world * navigate their surroundings using a sense of touch and marginally developed eyesight. * readily take apple peelings. * show metamorphosis. * start out as eggs laid in the soil by adult darkling beetles. * then enter the pupa stage. ### animal \| larva \| mealworm: Large mealworm * are the same as our regular mealworms, just bigger. * eat small mealworms, and beetles eat everything from egg through to pupa. Mosquito larvae * All mosquito larvae require water, even in winter. * Most mosquito larvae have heads. * Some mosquito larvae become adult mosquitoes - is found primarily in small ponds where vegetated growth accommodates breeding - live in water - respond to emergence - specialize in an existence in the water of tree holes Moth larvae * Some moth larvae are known to consume cotton, tomatoes and corn. * Some moth larvae have many natural predators Mutant larvae * have uncoordinated locomotion. * lack imaginal discs and gonads.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Older larvae * consume the entire leaf, except the midribs and major veins. * devour the leaf lamina, leaving the veins. Planktonic larvae * are an important food source for some organisms. * develop , grow into annelids and eventually sink to the bottom of the water. + Common clam worm: Annelids<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva: Small larvae * Most small larvae have heads. * are more susceptible to insecticides - vulnerable to insecticides, and inflict less damage - susceptible to being blown or rubbed off trees during wind storms * eat a very small amount but when full grown, larvae have a voracious appetite - amount, but when full grown have a voracious appetite * feed mainly on planktonic invertebrates. * feed on leaf surfaces and medium-sized larvae eat ragged holes through leaves - the undersides of the leaves, chewing irregularly-shaped holes in the leaves Sphingid larvae * Most Sphingid larvae pupate in the soil, though some spin cocoons in leaf litter. * tend to be specific feeders, rather than generalists.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Tadpole * Are algae consumers. * Most tadpoles are herbivorous, feeding on green algae and bacteria - subsisting on algae and plants - inside water - avoid predators * Most tadpoles become eat frogs - frogs in a few months, some in a matter of weeks - belong to genus - breathe use gills - compete for food * Most tadpoles develop front legs - hind legs * Most tadpoles develop into frogs - immature frogs - lungs * Most tadpoles eat algae and plant material - algas - bugs - flake food - emerge from eggs - enter ponds * Most tadpoles feed on aquatic plants - egg yolks - microorganisms * Most tadpoles grow develop limbs - hatch from a jellylike mass of eggs laid in the water * Most tadpoles have ability - bellies - dark bellies - definite shapes - long tails - mouths - skin - hide from predators - inhabit ponds, lakes, or slow-moving rivers - live in water * Most tadpoles look like frogs - tiny frogs * Most tadpoles lose gills - possess bodies * Most tadpoles reach adulthood - length - metamorphosis - stages - require warmth * Most tadpoles swim in fresh water - turn into frogs * Most tadpoles undergo metamorphosis - transformation * Some tadpoles are used as food - become omnivores * Some tadpoles develop external gills * Some tadpoles eat egg yolks - frogs eggs and other tadpoles - gels - mosquitoes - escape predation * Some tadpoles feed on algas * Some tadpoles graze on aquatic plants - hatch on land and then are transported to streams by their parents * Some tadpoles have coloration - fangs - special needs - tentacles - unpleasant taste - live in shores - migrate to water - prey on tadpoles - provide food - rely on yolks - remain in states. * Systems are different then humans. 14 April 2012. While we have a four chambered heart and a double looped system the tadpole only has two chambers and a one looped system. For the digestive system they do not have their main organs so they have one long gut which helps them digest. Tadpoles eat algae and other plants that grow in their aquatic environment * absolutely depend on having fresh, clean water. * also consume small quantities of filamentous green algae and desmids - lack legs and have tails, which is appropriate for their watery habitat - produce toxic chemicals in their skin that discourage some potential predators * are a little easier to keep - adaptable and can survive less stable ponds - also essential for understanding the dramatic decline in frog populations - apparently very sensitive to various pollutants - aquatic creatures and can only breathe and survive in water - as easy to spot as their much larger parents - believed to cannibalize toad spawn as a food source - extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals - flattened and have an abdominal sucker with which to cling to rocks * are found in many places such as streams, ponds or lakes - near large pieces of wood or rocks that store heat - swimming in mud puddles, ponds or other bodies of water - gray to golden brown in color * are green with black dots - small black dots and sometimes have yellow bellies - greenish or brown, with yellow or black speckles frequently visible - herbivores and eat many different types of food but seem to love algae and vegetation * are herbivorous, detritovorous, necrophagous, and cannibalistic - while frogs are carnivirous - known to enjoy lettuce that has been boiled - larvas - located in water - mostly vegetarian, grazing on algae that grow in leaf or rock surfaces under the water - nocturnal, spending the day at the bottom of their pool or pond - omnivores in general, feeding on plants and microorganisms - pond type larvae with large dorsal fins on the tail - presumed to eat algae and detritus - the larvae of frogs and toads - tiny when they hatch but soon grow very large - under intense predator and parasite pressures - usually filter feeders or herbivores - vegetarians and in the wild they eat bits of algae and plants * become bright red and burrow in stagnant litter in slow pools * begin to swim while still in the egg. * breathe by means of gills. * breathe through gills like a fish * can also rise to the surface and gulp oxygen from the air - undergo other types of changes when conditions change - be a significant food item for fish, mammals, and even other adult frogs - become cannibalistic * cannibalize conspecific eggs. * change and become adult amphibians and are able to live on land and breathe air. * complete development. * develop hind legs first * develop in the egg cases until they burst open - nest, into which water seeps * develop legs after a few weeks or months depending on the type of frog - slowly, with the back legs appearing first - protected by the foam and, when the rains come, the burrow fills - rapidly, so the young are ready for hibernation when the brief summer is over * die from natural causes, injuries, contaminated food, contaminated water and other reasons. * dig into the mud over winter and it takes two or more years to metamorphose into frogs. * display behavior. * eat a wide variety of things. - water plants * eat algae, tiny pond creatures and the corpses of fish and adult frogs - waterplants, mosquito larvae, and carrion - fish food and moss-like algae - mainly algae and higher plants - plants, algae, some dead tadpoles or other small, dead invertebrates - primarily plants, but are known to consume aquatic insects - voraciously because they are developing and growing at a rapid rate - with little scraping teeth they scrape against thier food * emerge about four days after fertilization * enjoy hopping on the rock and diving back into the water. * eventually transform themselves through a process called metamorphosis into adult frogs. * evolve into adult frogs, developing legs and eventually loosing their tails. * experience metamorphosis. * face danger. * feed by filtering algae and diatoms, and consume some plant material - scraping algae and bacteria that grow on the surface of underwater objects * feed on algae and small plant materials - algae, rotting vegetation, and detritus - bottom detritus, or by filtering suspended plant material and planktonic animals - infertile eggs provided by their mother - plankton, algae, organic debris, and small plants - remain yolks - vegetable matter * go temporarily deaf just before they metamorphose into frogs - through many changes before they become young frogs * has-part gills. * hatch from the eggs and live in the pond - tiny eggs that are laid in masses in the water - out within two days * hatch within a few days * hatch, live, and breath in water. * have a black tipped tail unlike any other tadpole - diet very different from adults - distinctive black tail tip - large head that tapers to the tail and they resemble small fish without fins - red tipped tail, unique among Minnesota's tadpole's - round body with eyes situated on the top of their head - rounded body - sucker-like mouth with rasping teeth and they breath through their gills - fleshy lips with rows of teeth for eating water plants - gills with which to breathe in water - gills, similar to fish, covered and protected by a flap of skin - no jaws, lungs or eyelids, and possess a skeleton of cartilage - several mechanisms to reduce predation - short oval-shaped bodies with long tails and are about half an inch long - significant impact in nutritional cycling - tails and gills - the tendency to conceal themselves in duckweed - to watch out since they can be eaten by other water animals or birds * hibernate in the deep silt of the lake bottom. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - corpi - cytoplasm - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - vacuoles * live a solitary existence all winter and transform into tiny frogs in the spring or summer - and swim under water - completely underwater - underwater and breathe using gills which are tiny flaps under their skin * mainly eat algae. * mature rapidly and are ready to leave the water in a day or two. * metamorphose during the first summer or fall after the eggs are deposited - from gilled animals into air-breathing adults that are able to live on land * metamorphose in about three months - several months or more after hatching - into tiny hopping froglets, only a couple of centimetres long, in midsummer * move by wiggling their tales. * need clean water * occur all year long. * often develop a taste for meat as they grow, turning into little carnivores - feed on plants in the water such as algae or the delicate tips of leaves - have horny beaks * open mouths. * probably filter, or graze, on algae and diatoms - graze on algae and diatoms along rocky stream bottoms - spend most of their time attached to such rocks by a large oral sucker * really vary in terms of size, and lots of it depends on temperature. - water for at least three or four months while completing their aquatic development * seem to exhibit a similar physiological behavior - vary more than frogs in structure and in the places in which they live * spend the winter in the water and transform the following summer. * stranded by the drought become food for raccoons, mink, and a variety of birds. * swim around in their egg cases until they burst open. - near the shore * take three to four months to complete their development. * tend to prefer shallow water. * transform by midsummer - more quickly and at a smaller size than frogs - within three months, becoming mature adults within one year * typically metamorphose in a month or less. * undergo a dramatic metamorphosis of body shape as they become adults - four remarkable changes that are easy to observe - three remarkable changes that are easy to observe * use gills to breathe, unlike the adults, which breathe through lungs * use shallow water near shores - waters near shore for at least six months while completing development - their tails, but frogs have no tails * usually have gills, a lateral line system, long-finned tails, but no limbs. * vary greatly in size, both during their development and between species. + Hyperoliidae: Frogs * Breeding in this family begins at the start of the rainy season. Hyperoliids come together at breeding sites. Most hyperoliids lay their eggs in water. Tadpoles are pond type larvae with large dorsal fins on the tail. * Frogs can live on land and in fresh water. They cannot survive in salt water. Their development is by metamorphosis. They hatch as tadpoles from eggs, which are laid by a female frog. The eggs are called frogspawn. Tadpoles have tails and gills. When they grow up, they lose their tails and gills and grow four long legs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| larva: Tadpole larvae * Most tadpole larvae have features - many features * Some tadpole larvae have notochords. ### animal \| larva \| tadpole: Bullfrog tadpole * Most bullfrog tadpoles avoid predators. * experience metamorphosis. * reach length.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva \| tadpole: Small tadpole * Most small tadpoles eat flake food * hatch out after two to three weeks. + Common toad, Behaviour, Reproduction: Toads * The strings of eggs absorb water and swell in size. Small tadpoles hatch out after two to three weeks. At first they hold onto the remains of the strings and feed on the jelly. They later attach themselves to the underside of the leaves of water weed before becoming free swimming. They are a darker colour, being blackish above and dark grey below. They can be told apart from the tadpoles of other species by the fact that the mouth is the same width as the space between the eyes, and this is twice as large as the distance between the nostrils. Over a few weeks their legs develop and their tail slowly gets reabsorbed. Toad tadpole * compete for food. * feed on microorganisms. Young tadpole * feed by scraping algae off water weeds. * have their gills exposed. Tiny larvae * feed largely on vegetable matter in the soil during the remainder of the first season. * work their way into opening leaf buds to feed. Wasp larvae * Most wasp larvae eat prey. * Some wasp larvae feed on fly pupas - tarantulas Weevil larvae * Some weevil larvae construct chambers. * are small and hard to see.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| larva: Wireworm * Some wireworms are almost flat. * are a major pest to potatoes - an unpredictable pest that can severely damage corn stands - beetle larva that are found in soil where they feed on roots - click beetle larvae * are difficult to control with available insecticides - detect and control - elateriform larvae - especially destructive to corn, but all the small grains are also attacked - larvae of a group of beetles commonly called click beetles - larvas - occasionally a concern to farmers planting corn - one of the most difficult insects to detect and one of the hardest to control - slender, shiny, cream colored to brown larvae about one-half inch long * are the larvae of beetles commonly called skipjacks, snapping beetles or click beetles - the click beetle - larval forms of click beetles * are very shiny garden pests - thin, yellow, pink or orangish worms that feed on potatoes * can be destructive to corn, potatoes, wheat, barley and onions in Manitoba - cause damage to potatoes and other crops - damage corn, resulting in stand loss during the seedling stage - readily move around in the soil and can avoid the wet areas * continue to cause low levels of damage in most Georgia peanut fields. * damage corn by feeding on germinating seeds and the root system - in several ways - newly set tobacco plants by boring into and tunneling in the stalks * do most of their damage in the early spring when they are near the soil surface. * feed on roots, are light to medium brown in color and have hard, almost shell-like body - seed and underground plant parts - seeds and roots, producing weak plants - seeds, roots, and stems, producing weak plants * feed on the roots of many newly planted crops such as beans, corn, potatoes, etc - or underground stems of tobacco plants * feeding on the seed piece or stem also opens tubers to decay and rot organisms. * have chewing mouth parts and feed entirely underground. * larvae cause the greatest feeding damage during their second and third years. * occur throughout the agricultural regions of southern Manitoba. * tunnel in potato stems, roots and tubers and can do a great deal of damage.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }

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