question
dict | answers
list | id
stringlengths 1
6
| accepted_answer_id
stringlengths 2
6
⌀ | popular_answer_id
stringlengths 1
6
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44674",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I used jisho.org and could not find the term. A person unable to make a\ndecision. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T12:40:33.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44666",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T19:32:41.257",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T19:32:41.257",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What is the term for a wishy washy person?",
"view_count": 837
} | [
{
"body": "It depends on the context what term I would use. Here are a few examples from\nALC\n\n[http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=wishy-\nwashy&ref=wl](http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=wishy-washy&ref=wl)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T15:01:57.613",
"id": "44674",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T15:01:57.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44666",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "My go-to Japanese term for wishy-washy is\n[中途半端](http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E4%B8%AD%E9%80%94%E5%8D%8A%E7%AB%AF)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T16:46:00.207",
"id": "44678",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T16:46:00.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9922",
"parent_id": "44666",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44666 | 44674 | 44674 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44676",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "どうしようか **と** 相談しているところに知らせが届いた。 While discussing _what to do_...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T12:43:37.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44667",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T15:36:50.883",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-20T15:36:50.883",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Does と mark reported speech here?",
"view_count": 71
} | [
{
"body": "The sentence is a bit convoluted but yes the と reports that the speaker (?)\nwas asking about what to do when the message (?) arrived.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T15:22:02.227",
"id": "44676",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T15:22:02.227",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44667",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44667 | 44676 | 44676 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44726",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is there an abbreviation for 人名用漢字, i.e. character set for names?\n\nI'm looking for anything shorter, really; It can be English or Japanese, as\nlong as it's widely recognised. For example like `Tel` for `telephone number`\nor like `男` for `男性`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T12:57:18.260",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44668",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T16:38:23.633",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T15:55:05.090",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"names",
"terminology",
"abbreviations"
],
"title": "Abbreviation for jinmeiyō?",
"view_count": 135
} | [
{
"body": "The 新漢和大辞典 uses the following shorthand:\n\n * 〔人名〕 _jinmeiyō kanji_\n * 〔常４〕 _jōyō kanji_ , grade 4\n\nDepending on the context, 人名 or 人名用 could work as \"abbreviation\" for\nindicating that a particular _kanji_ belongs to the set of _jinmeiyō kanji_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T16:05:18.697",
"id": "44726",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T23:18:13.583",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T23:18:13.583",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44668",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44668 | 44726 | 44726 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Among several other meanings, かな is usually translated as \"I wonder\", but what\ndoes it mean in the following conversation?\n\n> A: 「僕はジャズが大好き！君は？」\n>\n> B: 「私もジャズが **好きかな** 。」\n\nIs the speaker uncertain about whether she likes Jazz or not? Or is it a\npolite way of saying something on the lines of, e.g, あまり好きじゃない, 嫌いじゃない, and so\non?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T13:07:05.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44669",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T12:53:48.543",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T12:53:48.543",
"last_editor_user_id": "16165",
"owner_user_id": "16165",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of かな in this context?",
"view_count": 186
} | [
{
"body": "It means more like \"I guess\". Say that a person who isn't very into music gets\nasked what his favorite genre is, then he might reply:\n\n```\n\n Maybe Jazz, I guess...\n \n```\n\nSo it does add some kind of uncertainty to the reply, and why the speaker is\nuncertain can depend on a lot of different reasons, just like in any language.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T14:18:15.617",
"id": "44671",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T14:18:15.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20305",
"parent_id": "44669",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44669 | null | 44671 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44698",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I have seen the honorific used in front of nouns and was wondering if it can\nbe used in front of a person's name. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T13:51:49.177",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44670",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-04T15:51:13.540",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-13T05:37:03.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"honorifics"
],
"title": "Can the honorific お be used with a person's name?",
"view_count": 317
} | [
{
"body": "No it can not be used with people's actual names. It's on added to nouns that\nare used to refer to people. e.g. お相撲{すもう}さん (a sumo wrestler)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T14:59:37.427",
"id": "44673",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T14:59:37.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44670",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Yes, it can certainly be. Don't just take my word for it; Look it up in a\n[dictionary, preferably a monolingual\none,](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%BE%A1-448357#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88)\nyourself. For instance, デジタル大辞泉 gives the definition:\n\n> ２ 女性{じょせい}の名{な}に付{つ}いて、尊敬{そんけい}、親{した}しみの意{い}を表{あらわ}す。\n\nMy translation of that would be:\n\n> \"Attached to feminine names, it expresses respect and/or intimacy\"\n\n[おしん, the TV drama](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshin) became popular around\nthe world so it needs no introduction. The heroine's name is しん, so that お is\nthe honorific.\n\nNext, let me introduce my neighbor お珠{たま}さん, whose real given name is 珠子{たまこ}.\n\nFinally, here is the well-known song called おゆき.\n\n<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3f3dEPn8nk>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T01:52:43.923",
"id": "44698",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-04T15:51:13.540",
"last_edit_date": "2018-04-04T15:51:13.540",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44670",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44670 | 44698 | 44698 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "49107",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Children are often punished by their parents by not allowing them to go out.\n\nIn English, we call this action _grounding_ and the child is _grounded_.\n\nIs this a similar punishment in Japan? And what is it called?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T14:18:57.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44672",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-06T16:03:01.253",
"last_edit_date": "2017-07-06T15:47:42.920",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What is the term for \"grounded\" in the sense of a punishment?",
"view_count": 959
} | [
{
"body": "> What is the term for “grounded” in the sense of a punishment?\n\nIn Japanese, we call that [外出禁止]{がいしゅつきんし}.\n\n> Is this a similar punishment in Japan?\n\nNo. In Japan parents often punish their (usually young) children by locking\nthem out of the house.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-07-06T16:02:40.997",
"id": "49107",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-06T16:02:40.997",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "44672",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44672 | 49107 | 49107 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I realize that it's usually better to just learn / use hiragana but I have\nbeen asked to look into coding up a solution to convert from Hiragana/Katakana\nto the modified Hepburn Romaji.\n\nOne point I would like some advice on is the conversion of:\n\n```\n\n かいものをします\n \n```\n\nI see some converters changing this to:\n\n```\n\n kaimonooshimasu\n \n```\n\nand others to:\n\n```\n\n kaimonowoshimasu\n \n```\n\nIs there one or the other that I should aim for with the Modified Hepburn?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T15:44:55.820",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44677",
"last_activity_date": "2017-08-05T05:39:29.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20357",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"rōmaji"
],
"title": "Converting を from Hiragana to Romaji",
"view_count": 1029
} | [
{
"body": "The correct romaji way is wo.\n\n\"O\" is how you pronounce it and it's unnecessary since the first thing we\nlearn in Japanese is that を has one use and it's pronounced \"o\" but written\n\"wo\".\n\nWe can also distinguish better what each word is in \"kaimonowoshimasu\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T18:33:17.800",
"id": "44683",
"last_activity_date": "2017-08-05T05:39:29.823",
"last_edit_date": "2017-08-05T05:39:29.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "16159",
"owner_user_id": "19794",
"parent_id": "44677",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "As [Eiríkr\nÚtlendi](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/users/5229/eir%c3%adkr-%c3%9atlendi)\nmentioned in a comment, the correct romanization for を in modified Hepburn is\n`o`.\n\nFor traditional Hepburn, the correct romanization is `wo`.\n\nTo blatantly steal his wikipedia link as well, [here's the\nreference](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization#Particles). For\na programming project, you should be able to use the table at the end of that\npage for a dict/hash translation. (with some special handling for ん)\n\n> kaimonooshimasu\n\nis correct for modified hepburn, but since you lack the word seperation\nfunctions of kanji/kana alternation with romaji, people usually seperate words\nwith spaces when using romaji.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T22:24:21.467",
"id": "44693",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T22:24:21.467",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:48.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "29",
"parent_id": "44677",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44677 | null | 44693 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As far as I know, おはいりください might be used to invite someone in when they are\nvisiting your home. I was wondering if this would be used by friends who have\nvisited each other's houses a few times before. Also, would the guest reply\nしつれいします, おじゃまします, or ありがとう, or is there some other more casual way to say\nthis?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T16:58:32.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44679",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T23:23:23.590",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20358",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"politeness",
"formality"
],
"title": "Casual way to enter a home?",
"view_count": 891
} | [
{
"body": "いらっしゃい and おじゃまします are the most common and important phrases for this scene. I\nmyself always say おじゃまします when I enter friends' houses and いらっしゃい when I\ninvite friends. While as a host you might have more freedom than always saying\nいらっしゃい, the level of politeness that おじゃまします, as a guest, conveys is almost\nalways expected even between friends in my opinion.\n\nHere is a typical conversation:\n\nGuest: こんにちは \nHost: いらっしゃい \n(short conversation at [Genkan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genkan)). \nHost: さあ，あがって (or どうぞどうぞ) \n(put off shoes) \nGuest: おじゃまします (with the first step to the main part of the house)\n\nおはいりください may perhaps be used after いらっしゃい but どうぞおあがりください, あがってください or あがって\nsound more natural than おはいりください. This is probably because the main part of a\ntraditional Japanese house is higher than genkan and so the first step is\nstepping _up_.\n\nおじゃまします is like asking for permission: \"I'm just about being in your private\narea!\"\n\nAnother good phrase to remember is おじゃましてます, which is like \"I'm already in\nyour private area!\" Imagine a situation in which you are already at a friend's\nhome, enjoying the lunch with him/her and his/her father has just come home.\nYou might want to say おじゃましてます instead of おじゃまします",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T23:23:23.590",
"id": "44694",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T23:23:23.590",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20352",
"parent_id": "44679",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44679 | null | 44694 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44710",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "It is a group of people who get together monthly, to contribute and receive\nemotional assistance, advice, and financial support on a rotating basis. The\nterm is called moai in Okinawa, but it may be a local language term. I want to\nfind the Japanese equivalent. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T17:00:39.533",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44680",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-17T15:41:29.787",
"last_edit_date": "2019-08-17T15:41:29.787",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"colloquial-language",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Is the term moai used in Japanese?",
"view_count": 423
} | [
{
"body": "A moai is an informal group created by people who commit to offer emotional,\nsocial or even financial assistance to one another. The concept originated\nwhen farmers would meet on a regular basis to discuss the best ways to plant\ncrops and how to support one another should their crops fail. Today, members\nof these social cooperatives meet one another’s practical needs—problem-\nsolving, planning, pooling resources and collaborating. They also serve as\nextended family where social and emotional needs are met—managing a crisis,\nreducing stress, connecting emotionally and, at times, assuaging grief.\nEssentially, a moai is a group of people who “have your back” and commit to\nall aspects of well-being.\n\n<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E5%90%88>\n<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moai_(social_support_groups)>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T11:39:08.810",
"id": "44710",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T14:00:11.050",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T14:00:11.050",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"parent_id": "44680",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44680 | 44710 | 44710 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44700",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Prefectures, cities and towns have a seal/emblem associated with them. I have\nfound the terms on JA Wikipedia to describe the flags, but not the term to\ndescribe the emblems. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T18:58:13.963",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44684",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-26T15:18:24.977",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-26T15:18:24.977",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What is the prefecture, city and town emblem called?",
"view_count": 154
} | [
{
"body": "'章' is the kanji for such emblems, like\n[都道府県章](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E9%81%93%E5%BA%9C%E7%9C%8C%E7%AB%A0)\nfor prefectures, 市章 for cities, and so on. 国章 is used to refer to national\ncoat of arms. To give a specific example, we have 京都市章 for the city of Kyoto,\nas mentioned by 道理百遍義理一遍.\n\n_Emblems_ or _coat of arms_ in general is 紋章 in Japanese (As far as I know, we\ndon't have specific words to distinguish emblems and coat of arms). So\n「京都市の紋章」 _the emblem of Kyoto city_ is another (more descriptive) expression,\nand is actually [used by the city of\nKyoto](http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000015587.html). As a side note,\nHeraldry is 紋章学.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T03:10:28.187",
"id": "44700",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T03:10:28.187",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4223",
"parent_id": "44684",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44684 | 44700 | 44700 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm currently studying with Genki 1. And i came across an excersise that tells\nus to describe a person based on his picture. I choosed a man named Mizuno.\n\nI want to say: \"Mizuno is fat, short (in stature), is listening to music and\nis wearing a hat\"\n\nBut i want to do it all in one sentence. Is it possible? Is it correct?\n\n水野は太って、背が低くて、音楽を聞いて、帽子を被っています。\n\nI can also arrange it to be:\n\n水野は太って、音楽を聞いています。背が低くて、帽子を被っています。\n\nI'm going to go through each one and what i did: 太る(fat. verb) i used 太って to\nconnect with the next sentence because using the て form of a verb to do so is\nwhat i learned.\n\n低い(short in lenght. Adjective i) 低くて because the て form of i adj. replaces the\nlast い for くて and that way i can connect with the next sentence.\n\nAgain 聞いて is in て form\n\n被る( to wear. verb used with hat) 被っています。\n\nIs it natural or correct to connect all of this words like this to describe\nsomeome? How would a japanese person do it? The book uses this format:\n水野は太っています 背が低いです 音楽を聞いています。 帽子を被っています。\n\nBut this feels so textbook like.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T19:00:53.887",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44685",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T03:17:05.293",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19794",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"word-usage",
"word-order"
],
"title": "How to connect words that describe a person?",
"view_count": 349
} | [
{
"body": "Although your first sentence is almost perfect, I would suggest a minor change\nto it. The following sentence sounds more naturally to me.\n\n水野は太って **いて** 、背が低くて、音楽を聞いて **いて** 、帽子を被っています。\n\nIf I could rearrange, I would say\n\n水野は背が低くて太っています。帽子を被って音楽を聞いています。\n\nWhen I hear 水野は太って in the beginning of a sentence, I expect to hear a\nconsequence of his/her having become fat. For example,\n\n水野は太って、病気になった。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T02:21:30.750",
"id": "44699",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T02:21:30.750",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20352",
"parent_id": "44685",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "_**Consecutive vs. Simultaneous**_\n\n> 「水野{みずの}は太{ふと}って、背{せ}が低{ひく}くて、音楽{おんがく}を聞{き}いて、帽子{ぼうし}を被{かぶ}っています。」\n>\n> 「水野は太って、音楽を聞いています。背が低くて、帽子を被っています。」\n\n(This may be too advanced, but we would write 「音楽を聴{き}く」 instead of 「音楽を聞く」.\nSame goes for 見る vs. 観る)\n\nWhere to start? I guess I would with 「太って」, because I honestly do not feel\nfrom your question that you are aware that it _**cannot**_ be used in these\nsentences. It is a very common mistake among J-leraners, too.\n\n「～～は太って + another phrase」 means:\n\n> \"someone has gotten (so) fat that (a phrase)\"\n\nIn other words, something happens as a result of gaining weight. But that is\nclearly **not** what you are trying to say, is it? You are only wanting to say\nthat Mizuno is fat, short, and whatnot. If you want to **enumerate** some\nqualities of a person, the phrase you _**must**_ use is:\n\n> 「太っていて」 and not 「太って」\n\n〇 太っていて、背も低い\n\n✕ 太って、背が低い ← Being short is **not** an event occuring as the result of being\nfat.\n\n〇 太って、このジャケットが着{き}られなくなった ← Not being able to wear the jacket is the result of\ngetting fat, so this is a correct use of 「太って」.\n\nTL;DR:\n\n> 「太って～～～」 = \"has gotten fat so that ~~~\", \"has gotten fat and ~~~ happened\"\n>\n> 「太っていて～～～」 = \"is fat (and other qualities)\"\n\nMoving on...\n\nWhat you are trying to say is actually not too simple because you want to\ndescribe one's two different physical qualities (fat and short) and the two\nactions that person is performing (listening to music and wearing a hat).\n\nMost naturally, I would say:\n\n> 「太っていて、背も低い水野は、帽子を被ったまま音楽を聴いています。」\n\nIn case that sounds too natural and/or too native-speaker-like, you could say:\n\n> 「水野は太っていて、背も低いです。今{いま}、帽子を被ったまま音楽を聴いています。」\n\nIf I were a J-learner, which I never could be, I would probably use **two**\nsentences like that. That is because the two physical characteristics and the\ntwo actions are completely unrelated.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T03:17:05.293",
"id": "44701",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T03:17:05.293",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44685",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44685 | null | 44701 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44687",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I notice Japanese people squatting in this position for long periods of time\nwithout using a chair/stool. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T19:24:06.707",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44686",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T16:05:58.213",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T10:41:04.877",
"last_editor_user_id": "7472",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Many people squat/sit with their buttocks almost to the ground, whats it called?",
"view_count": 1611
} | [
{
"body": "The most fitting verb for this that I can think of is しゃがむ, rarely written\nwith kanji as 蹲む. Similar terms include かがむ and こごむ; however, these don't have\nthe same sense of \"squatting _for long periods of time_ \", and might better be\ntranslated as \"to crouch [such as to pick something up, for かがむ; or to hide,\nfor こごむ]\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T19:38:45.327",
"id": "44687",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T19:38:45.327",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "44686",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "In addition to Eiríkr Útlendi's answer, I just want to add some slang\nexpressions: うんこ座り{すわり} or ヤンキー座り{すわり}. \"Poop squat\" and \"yankii squat\",\nrespectively. The first one is obvious considering the traditional Japanese-\nstyle toilets. The second term refers to the stereotypical image of juvenile\ndelinquents/hoodlums in Japan, ヤンキー, who are known to squat like this.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T20:55:41.973",
"id": "44689",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T16:05:58.213",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T16:05:58.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "6823",
"owner_user_id": "6823",
"parent_id": "44686",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
]
| 44686 | 44687 | 44687 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44691",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the difference between 役に立てば and 役に立てれば?\n\nIsn't 立つ a first group verb which means it should be 役に立てば? why in most cases\ndo I find it written 役に立てれば like in this example: お役に立てれば幸いです.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T21:13:06.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44690",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T21:36:44.500",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11664",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 役に立てば and 役に立てれば?",
"view_count": 831
} | [
{
"body": "The key difference is the verb itself.\n\n * 立てば is from 立つ. 役に立つ = _\"it's useful\"_ , 役に立 **てば** = _\" **if** it's useful\"_.\n * 立てれば is from 立てる, the potential form of 立つ. 役に立 **てる** = _\"it **can be** useful\"_; 役に立て **れば** = _\" **if** it **can be** useful\"_.\n\nThe additional conjugation of the verb adds another layer of indirection to\nthe utterance, making it less blunt and thus potentially more polite. This\nsame kind of indirection happens in English, too. Consider the differences in\nphrasing of _\"if it's useful\"_ versus _\"if you happen to find it useful\"_ ,\netc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T21:36:44.500",
"id": "44691",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-20T21:36:44.500",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "44690",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44690 | 44691 | 44691 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44697",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Dad says he'll take his daughter out in an hour, after having a beer. The\ndaughter says:\n\n> 「そんなのあと一時間もかかんないじゃん。ぐ～～っと飲ん **じゃいなよ** 」 \n> After one like that it won't take even an hour will it? Gulp it down in one\n> go.\n\nI'm assuming the implication is that the beer is small (it doesn't say).\n\nI'd like to confirm that I've interpreted 飲んじゃいなよ correctly. I think this is a\ncontraction of 飲んでしまいなさいよ. Is this correct？\n\nI'm a little dubious because I didn't think なさい was an appropriate way for a\nchild to speak to a parent.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-20T21:53:58.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44692",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T01:19:16.270",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"politeness",
"contractions"
],
"title": "Expansion and politeness of 飲んじゃいなよ",
"view_count": 176
} | [
{
"body": "As you stated,\n\n> 「飲{の}んじゃいなよ」＝ 「飲んでしまいなよ」 or 「飲んでしまいなさいよ」\n\nThe first one uses a colloquial contraction, but all three mean:\n\n> \"Just drink it up!\"\n\nIt is perfectly natural for a child to say this to his/her father as it is a\nfriendly kind of imperative and **not** a strict order. In nuance, it is\nactually close to being a friendly request rather than an \"order\".\n\nFinally, the line says nothing about the size of the beer even though it is\nclear that there is not a whole case sitting in front of Daddy.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T01:19:16.270",
"id": "44697",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T01:19:16.270",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44692",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44692 | 44697 | 44697 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44696",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "目 is eye, and 立 is something like stand? I was thinking it meant something out\nof the norm when you see it, but that's just a guess. The full thing was\n目立ちたい, if that helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T00:40:15.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44695",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T07:37:35.680",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T07:37:35.680",
"last_editor_user_id": "3169",
"owner_user_id": "20348",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"definitions"
],
"title": "What does 目立ち mean?",
"view_count": 103
} | [
{
"body": "Your inclination is right. 目立{めだ}つ means to stand out.\n\n目立ちたい would mean having something want to stand out.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T00:41:25.127",
"id": "44696",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T00:48:16.110",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T00:48:16.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "1805",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44695",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44695 | 44696 | 44696 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44705",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Why does this sentence\n\n> ご飯を食べてから部屋を掃除してください。\n\nhas\n\n> から\n\nConsidering that the translation given is\n\n> After eating, please clean your room.\n\nI thought with the given sentence it should be translated along the lines of\n\"Since you have eaten - clean your room\". With that \"since\" being derived from\nから.\n\nCan someone please explain this nuance in both cases?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T06:01:12.053",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44703",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:03:45.163",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9990",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "Why does this sentence ご飯を食べてから部屋を掃除してください。 has から?",
"view_count": 131
} | [
{
"body": "「te-form + から」(「連用形 + て + から」) means \"After doing~~\". \n食べ **て** から → after eating\n\n「end form/終止形 + から」(「dictionary form + から」「連用形 + た + から」 etc.) means\n\"Since/Because (someone) do/did~~\". \n食べ **る** から → since/because (you) eat \n食べ **た** から → since/because (you) ate",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T06:56:03.937",
"id": "44705",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T07:23:00.267",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T07:23:00.267",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "44703",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Further to Shoko's answer, I'd say that there's also a difference in meaning:\nin the sentence without から (ご飯を食べて部屋を掃除してください) the ください goes with both verbs,\nso the speaker is making two requests - (a) please eat your meal and (b)\nplease clean the room, whereas in the sentence with から the ください.only applies\nto the second verb, so the speaker is only making one request - please clean\nyour room. I'd translate the first as \"Please eat your meal then clean the\nroom\" and the second as \"When you've eaten your meal clean the room please\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T13:03:45.163",
"id": "44715",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:03:45.163",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20069",
"parent_id": "44703",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44703 | 44705 | 44705 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44713",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I researched the terms on jisho.org and found two words, 印鑑 and 判子, used to\nmean 'seal'. I want to clarify my understanding because I am assuming that an\n印鑑 is used to make the 判子. What is the name of the device used to imprint the\nseal and what is the impression called?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T06:14:58.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44704",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:25:13.030",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T13:25:13.030",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Is the inkan(印鑑) the device that is used to make the hanko(判子)?",
"view_count": 285
} | [
{
"body": "Both 判子 and 印鑑 almost always refer to **devices** to make an impression. They\nare typically made of wood, ivory, metal, etc. English _seal_ refers to both\nsuch seal-making devices and the impressions made by such devices. In\nJapanese, the most common word to refer to the impression made by such a\ndevice is 印影.\n\nStrictly speaking, however, 印鑑 can refer to 印影 (impression) especially in the\nlegal language. The original meaning of the kanji 鑑 is something like\n\"evidence\" or \"identity\". So at least technically speaking, one might say a 判子\ncan make a 印鑑. But an 印鑑 never makes a 判子.\n\n判子 and 印鑑 are usually interchangeable, but 印鑑 only refers to ones used to\nseriously authenticate yourself. 判子 is a more casual term and it can also\nrefer to rubber stamps or stamps [like\nthese](https://matome.naver.jp/odai/2144262376415779501).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T12:59:08.260",
"id": "44713",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T12:59:08.260",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44704",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44704 | 44713 | 44713 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44709",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Why does this sentence:\n\n> 冬休みは家族でイタリアやイギリスへ行きました。\n\nhave `で` there instead of `と`?\n\nWouldn't \"with family\" be `家族と`?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T09:53:41.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44708",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-18T14:08:06.213",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9990",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"particle-と",
"particle-で"
],
"title": "Why does 冬休みは家族でイタリアやイギリスへ行きました。 have で instead of と?",
"view_count": 202
} | [
{
"body": "家族で should be taken as \"as a family\" rather than \"with family\"\n\n(Both と and で could be used, though IMHO, 家族で implies that all family members\nwere present whereas 家族と implies you only went with some/maybe all family\nmembers.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T10:17:24.727",
"id": "44709",
"last_activity_date": "2018-11-18T14:08:06.213",
"last_edit_date": "2018-11-18T14:08:06.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44708",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "Both 家族で and 家族と are correct.\n\nで can sometimes mark an organization/group which makes some action, as if it\nwere a subject.\n\nIt's the third definition [on\nデジタル大辞泉](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/148951/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%A7/).\n\n> 動作・作用を行う主体となる組織・団体を表す。「政府側―検討中だ」「気象庁―光化学スモッグ警報を発令した」\n\n[東京外国語大学言語モジュール](http://www.coelang.tufs.ac.jp/mt/ja/gmod/courses/c01/lesson14/step2/explanation/053.html)\ntreats this as an extension of で as a location marker, as follows:\n\n> 10 場所を表わす用法の拡張として、主語を場所風に表わすときに用いることがあります。\n>\n> * 警察 **で** 事件を調べています。\n> * クラス **で** 旅行に出かけました。\n> * その仕事は自分 **で** やります。\n>\n\nThis question is also related:\n\n * [で used for abstract location?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2494/5010)\n\nI think it's also possible to think of this as an extension of 1人で, みんなで, 全員で,\netc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T12:19:26.537",
"id": "44711",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T12:19:26.537",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44708",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 44708 | 44709 | 44709 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44716",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I'm trying to translate the following sentence from a book and I'm confused by\nits construction.\n\n> 牛乳を飲み終わった人から、紙パックを自分の番号のケースに戻して席に着くように。\n\nWhich I assume would mean _\"When people finish drinking their milk, they\nusually put back the card box in their own case.\"_ A bit confusing already but\nthis is the best I can manage, might already be wrong though.\n\nHowever my biggest problem right now is making sense of 着くように in this\nsentence. I understand that ように means _in order to_ or _as if_ but I fail to\nsee how it could connect to 着く and the rest of the sentence. Could it mean\nsomething like _\"[the narrator] went as if putting back their box like people\nusually do when they're done drinking their milk\"_ or am I completely off\ntrack here?\n\nHelp would be appreciated thank you!\n\nPS: If you're wondering, this is the very first sentence of a book called 告白\nby 湊かなえ and I have no idea what it's _actually_ about.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T12:21:24.903",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44712",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:12:59.880",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T12:48:42.373",
"last_editor_user_id": "20367",
"owner_user_id": "20367",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage"
],
"title": "Translation difficulties and the meaning of 着くように",
"view_count": 265
} | [
{
"body": "席に着く means to take a seat so this would be \"When you've finished drinking your\nmilk, put it back in your numbered case and sit down\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T13:03:17.700",
"id": "44714",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:12:59.880",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T13:12:59.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44712",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "In this context,\n\n> 「着{つ}くように」＝「着くようにしなさい」\n\nIn other words, this whole sentence is an **_imperative_** , which is why your\ntranslation \" **When people finish drinking their milk, they usually ~~~~** \"\nis highly inaccurate. Sorry for being blunt, but I've gotta tell the truth so\nyou could learn something.\n\nThe ように-imperative is quite common in giving instructions, but you would need\nto remember that you should not use it to speak to people of higher status. In\nthat case, 「～～ようにしてください」 or 「～～ようにお願{ねが}いします」 would be used instead.\n\n> \"As you finish drinking the milk, take turns in putting back the (empty)\n> paper packs in your (assigned) case and then, go back to your seat.\"\n\nFinally, when a phrase/sentence ends in 「 **Verb in Dictionary Form + ように** 」,\nit can mean another thing \" **so that (verb phrase)** \".\n\nWhether it means that or it is used as an imperative depends entirely on the\ncontext. If I said:\n\n> 「神社で祈った。あの人と結婚できるように。」,\n\nit would have to mean:\n\n> \"I prayed at the shrine so that I could marry that girl.\"\n\nIt should **_not_** mean:\n\n> \"I prayed at the shrine. Be able to marry that girl!\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T13:04:55.200",
"id": "44716",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:12:02.127",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T13:12:02.127",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44712",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "着くように is a shortened form of 着くようにして下さい, which can be translated as \"Make sure\nthat you xxx xxx\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T13:06:38.970",
"id": "44717",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T13:06:38.970",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20305",
"parent_id": "44712",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44712 | 44716 | 44716 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading a novel and I'm wondering what どれも means in this context --\n\n> 椿台には、そこに住まう民が生前崇めていた神仏を祀った神殿がいくつも建てられているが、どれも現世での信仰を持ちこんだものであった。\n\nFor context; 椿台 is a place in the afterlife in this story, 現世 is the transient\nworld referring to Earth/life on Earth.\n\nどれも, according to my dictionary can mean any/every/both/either/all or it can\neven mean none.\n\nSo what I don't understand is, is it saying: (and this is based on my best\nguess at a translation, I have a feeling I may have gotten some things wrong)\n\n> The people that live here have built many temples dedicated to worshipping\n> gods and Buddahs in their lifetime but none have brought over beliefs from\n> the transient world.\n\nOr is it saying:\n\n> The people that live here have built many temples dedicated to worshipping\n> gods and Buddahs in their lifetime but still have brought over every belief\n> from the transient world.\n\nOr something else completely?\n\nI would really love to know what the author has written here so your help is\nmuch appreciated, thank you!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T13:32:54.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44718",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T15:46:51.263",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20368",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"syntax",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "What does どれも mean in this particular context?",
"view_count": 186
} | [
{
"body": "> 「椿台には、そこに住まう民が生前崇めていた神仏を祀った神殿がいくつも建てられているが、 **どれも** 現世での信仰を持ちこんだ **もの**\n> であった。」\n\nIn this sentence, 「どれも」 refers to none other than 「どの神殿も」. It means:\n\n> \"all of the temples\", \"every one of the temples\", etc.\n\nThus, neither of your translation attempts is very accurate. It looks as\nthough you thought 「どれも」 referred to the people, did you not? **If that is the\ncase, please note that only in very patronizing situation, 「どれも」 can be used\nto refer to people**.\n\nNotice that 「もの」 also refers to the temples. Here, 「どれも」 and 「もの」 work hand-\nin-hand.\n\n> \"In 椿台, many temples have been built to enshrine the gods and buddhas that\n> the residents had worshipped during their lifetime, and all of them are\n> temples into which the residents had brought over their beliefs from the\n> transient world.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T15:22:58.327",
"id": "44723",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T15:46:51.263",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T15:46:51.263",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44718",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44718 | null | 44723 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44739",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "EDIT: Eiríkr Útlendi has answered my question mostly in regards to readings.\nWhat remains is how kanji are chosen for their meanings and why certain words\nare selected over others e.g. 実 versus 果実. Also there are exceptions to the\nrule e.g. 天竜人{てんりゅうびと}. How do those factor in?\n\nI've been watching the Anime \"One Piece\". There are quite a few compound words\nthat obviously seem made up for the universe, and when I look them up the\nconstituent kanji either don't follow the readings they would as original\nwords [example 1] or they use a listed reading that doesn't occur in any words\nI can find in my dictionaries [again example 1] (I use\n[ejje](http://ejje.weblio.jp/) and [Jisho](http://jisho.org)). Otherwise,\nthere are words that use readings that appear more archaic or irregular to me\n[example 2 and 4]. Then there are words that use the kanji and readings of the\noriginal word (in example 3, \"emperor\"), but only part of it (in this example,\nonly one of the kanji of 皇帝 and thus only the reading from one kanji). Maybe\nmy vocabulary is too poor and I'm making mistakes because of that, but here\nare the examples:\n\nExample 1: 三{さん}刀{とう}流{りゅう} Translated as \"three sword style\" - This makes\nsense, except why is とう and not かたな used? \nExample 2: 海{かい}楼{ろう}石{せき} Translated as \"Sea Watchtower Stone\" - 2nd makes\nsense, but I don't understand why かい is used for the 1st and not うみ and せき (I\ncan't find any words with this reading) instead of いし for the 3rd. \nExample 3: 四{よん}皇{こう} Translated as \"4 emperors\" - Why just こう and not よんこうてい \nExample 4: 七{しち}武{ぶ}海{かい} Translated as \"7 Warlords of the Sea\" - Here かい\nagain. Also why use the irregular reading しち? \n\nExample 5: ゴムゴムの実 Translated as \"Rubber Rubber Fruit\" - Why not 果物 or 果実?\n\nIs there a logic to these? Are they just made up to sound cool? If so, how\nwill I know when reading a new manga what these made up words mean? Someone\ncan definitely tell me that I'm overthinking this, haha.\n\nThanks for your input.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T14:22:03.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44719",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:11:25.970",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T18:31:05.883",
"last_editor_user_id": "18449",
"owner_user_id": "18449",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"manga",
"anime",
"multiple-readings"
],
"title": "How are made up words for anime/manga formed (reading and kanji)?",
"view_count": 1681
} | [
{
"body": "Before diving into manga word-formation patterns, it is important to\nunderstand how kanji readings happen. Kanji have two readings: the _kun'yomi_\n(literally \"meaning reading\"), which is based on ancient native-Japanese\nvocabulary, and the _on'yomi_ (literally \"sound reading\"), which is based on\nthe borrowed Middle Chinese terms. The _on'yomi_ is often used in kanji\ncompounds, such as the とう in 三刀{さんとう} or the かい and せき in 海楼石{かいろうせき}. Also,\nthere is nothing irregular in the しち reading for 七.\n\nI'll leave the word-formation topic for other posters.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T15:53:58.857",
"id": "44724",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T15:53:58.857",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "44719",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "To answer your ゴムゴムの実{み} question. They could used 果物 or 果実; it's not wrong.\nAnd likewise, ～の実 is not wrong as well. 木の実, 草の実 are common. I can't say why\none was chosen over another, outside of maybe because it rolls off the tongue\nbetter (less syllables).\n\nTo answer the 天竜人{てんりゅうびと} question. it still follows the same base of \"using\nreadings familiar to Japanese speakers\". (I'm skipping the 天龍{てんりゅう} part,\nsince that follows the on-yomi rule Eiríkr Útlendi has mentioned.) Although\nthe reading itself is not that common, there exists words that use 「～ひと／びと」\nreading in compound kanji, such as 天下人{てんかびと} and 稀人{まれびと} (note that I won't\ngo into detail about _why_ these are pronounced like they are; that's a whole\ndifferent topic). So to a native speaker, they will see the reading and think\n\"Ah, that makes sense.\" Note though, 天龍人{てんりゅうじん} still is most likely the\nfirst choice of native speakers, and without ルビ would likely default to this\nreading. Which brings me to the answer below.\n\n**Real answer** : Fictional words are formed any way the author wishes.\n\nThe author can designate any reading to kanji they wish. This is quite common\nin manga, games and literature today. So technically, if I were the author, I\ncan say 天龍人{ドラゴナイト}, 天龍人{ドラケン}, 天龍人{りゅう} or whatever other reading I can think\nup. Sometimes completely irrelevant readings are used, to give the word a\ndouble meaning, so with your case I could say 天龍人{てき} to show they are the\nenemy.\n\nSo really, the answer to most of your questions is something only the author\nwould know. If the reading is unusual, there will almost always be ルビ to help\nyou read it. Otherwise, on-yomni is always the safest bet.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:09:56.010",
"id": "44737",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:09:56.010",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9508",
"parent_id": "44719",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Made-up words are generally based on the existing Japanese naming convention.\nI generally recommend that you familiarize yourself with a lot of Japanese\nexisting compounds before wondering about this problem at this level.\nEspecially distinguishing on- and kun- readings is critical. Please read [this\nsection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji#Readings) carefully.\n\n> 三刀流\n\nIf you already know a word\n[二刀流](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%80%E6%B5%81), this should\nlook natural. さんかたなりゅう makes almost no sense to me. And See Eiríkr Útlendi's\nanswer. It's a simple on-on-on compound.\n\n> 海楼石\n\nThe author just followed the standard naming convention of rocks. See:\n[岩石の一覧](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7).\nBasically all rocks are technically named as ～石【せき】 or ～岩【がん】. かいろう is a\nsimple on-on compound, which looks far more natural than うみろう.\n\n> 四皇\n\n四皇帝 makes sense, but both 皇 and 帝 already mean \"emperor\", so you don't have to\nkeep both of them. Similar things happen all the time. For example, 法律 (\"law\")\nis a compound made of two kanji with the same meaning (法 = \"law\", 律 = \"law\").\nOnly 法 is used when it forms other compounds: 民法, 六法, 諸法. Another example is\n道路 (\"road\"), which is made of 道 (\"road\") and 路 (\"road\"). There are many\ncompounds which only use 道 (国道, 車道, 歩道, ...). 四皇帝 is fine but seems less\ninteresting as a made-up word. And there are many two-kanji compounds where\nonly 皇 is used to mean \"emperor/imperial\": 上皇, 皇位, 皇籍\n\n> 七武海\n\nIt's just a on-on-on compound. ななぶかい is not impossible but would sound a bit\nstrange.\n\n> ゴムゴムの実\n\nRead [Sino-Japanese vocabulary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-\nJapanese_vocabulary) first. There are many related questions on this site (for\nexample [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17935/5010),\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/28365/5010)). Basically 果実 sounds\nmore formal/technical than 実. In this case I feel 果実 wouldn't go very well\nwith ゴムゴム(の), which is another made-up word that sounds nothing\ntechnical/formal.\n\n> 天竜人\n\nてんりゅうじん (yes, simple on-on-on compound) would perfectly make sense in modern\nJapanese. As you probably know, じん the default suffix when we plainly refer to\nイギリス人, 日本人, 宇宙人, etc. But ～びと was used a lot in the old days to refer to\n\"people of/in ～\". So using びと adds the old/historical/traditional nuance to\nit. For example, 外つ国人 （とつくにびと） is a word preferred in samurai dramas to refer\nto foreigners.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:11:25.970",
"id": "44739",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:11:25.970",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:43.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44719",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 44719 | 44739 | 44739 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jpRmu.png)\n\nWhat does this kanji say? I don't know the radicals for it, therefore I\nhaven't been able to look it up correctly.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T14:27:10.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44720",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T14:30:48.680",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20369",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "What does this kanji mean? How do I read it?",
"view_count": 153
} | [
{
"body": "It says 「不潔{ふけつ}」, which means \"unclean\", \"filthy\", \"dirty\", etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T14:30:48.680",
"id": "44721",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-21T14:30:48.680",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44720",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 44720 | null | 44721 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44742",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I go to the homes of relatives on a daily basis, can I use the term at their\nhome? Thank you.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T14:55:54.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44722",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:46:07.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Can ただ今be used if I visit a relatives home on a daily basis?",
"view_count": 119
} | [
{
"body": "ただいま is typically used when returning home (though can be used casually say\nwhen returning to my desk at the office).\n\nIf you go to the relatives often enough and it feels like a \"home\" then I\ndon't see any reason you can't use it.\n\n(Rather than asking us, why not just try saying when you get there next time\nand see if you get an おかえり back?)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:46:07.760",
"id": "44742",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:46:07.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44722",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44722 | 44742 | 44742 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44743",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When the Abrahamic God is referred to in Japanese, 神様 is very common, but on\noccasion I simply see 神 on its own. This even applies when they are clearly\nspeaking reverentially, using words such as 御心{みこころ}. The one thing I've\nnoticed is that 神 often appears in more 'serious' contexts, so would I be\ncorrect in assuming that 神様 is more colloquial?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T15:55:06.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44725",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T01:10:31.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"honorifics"
],
"title": "神 compared to 神様",
"view_count": 340
} | [
{
"body": "Yes I thinks so. 神様 is fine when ordinary people call their god(s) with\nrespect, but it's difficult for me to imagine a professional Christian priest\nuse 神様 in their public lectures at church. (I may be stereotyped since I\nrarely go to church.)\n\nThe same goes for イエス様 and イエス・キリスト -- the former sounds more \"friendly\" to\nme, while the latter sounds more dignified and formal.\n\n様 is certainly the most respectful suffix in our daily life. But there are\neven more stronger and proper suffixes for really high people, such as 陛下, 閣下,\n殿下. Calling such people like 将軍様, お殿様, 王様, or 姫様 sounds to me rather\n\"friendly\" or \"colloquial\" than proper.\n\nThis may be obvious, but 神様 is virtually never used in academic fields.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:59:57.823",
"id": "44743",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T01:10:31.513",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T01:10:31.513",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44725",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44725 | 44743 | 44743 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44732",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "本当よ響ちゃん。私たちは帰らなかったんじゃなくて帰れなかったの\n\n響 - Hibiki (name of a character)\n\nSo the storie goes like Hibiki goes in search of her friends who haven't come\nback in 2 weeks. When she founds them she asks them \"why havent you come back\"\nAnd they respond with the above asked\n\nSo how do they differ ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T16:39:30.357",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44728",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T21:50:42.057",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T21:50:42.057",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "16352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"conjugations",
"negation",
"potential-form"
],
"title": "How do these negations differ? (Plain negative vs. potential negative)",
"view_count": 135
} | [
{
"body": "[帰]{かえ}れる is the potential form of 帰る. So this means \"It's true, Hibiki. It's\nnot that we just didn't come [or go] back, it's that we couldn't come back\".\nPresumably the speaker is explaining to Hibiki that they and their\ncompanion[s] were prevented from coming home by force majeure - they didn't\njust decide not to of their own volition. The general rule for making the\npotential form of verbs like かえる is: replace the final syllable of the\ndictionary form with the syllable from the same column of the kana chart that\nhas the vowel e and then add ru. Thus:\nいく/いける、よむ/よめる、はなす/はなせる、しぬ/しねる、はなす/はなせる、もつ/もてる and so on. This form then\ninflects like たべる .",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T17:58:10.043",
"id": "44732",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T11:39:38.850",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T11:39:38.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20069",
"parent_id": "44728",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 44728 | 44732 | 44732 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44751",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just read [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/44712/translation-\ndifficulties-and-the-meaning-of-%E7%9D%80%E3%81%8F%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%AB)\nbut was confused by a different aspect of the example sentence:\n\n> 牛乳を **飲み終わった人から** 、紙パックを自分の番号のケースに戻して席に着くように。\n\nThe question's answer is perfectly clear about the meaning, but I don't\nunderstand how the grammar of the part in bold works. When I see から I think of\neither 'from', 'because' or (if it's て-form) 'after'. None of these seem to\nwork.\n\nOn it's own, the first clause (to me) reads\n\n> from the person who has finished drinking milk\n\nbut such a translation clearly doesn't fit with the rest of the sentence.\n\nIs it a geneal rule that\n\n> verb-past + noun + から = as noun does verb\n\nWhat about the tense/aspect of the verb? Some more examples would also be\nappreciated.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T16:50:28.757",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44729",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T05:18:17.253",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:48.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Grammar of verb + noun + から",
"view_count": 449
} | [
{
"body": "According to 明鏡国語辞典:\n\n> から \n> 〘格助詞〙 \n> ❼ 順序を表す。「好きなもの **から** 食べる」「子供 **から** 診察する」\n\nAnd [デジタル大辞泉](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/45491/meaning/m0u/):\n\n> 1⃣［格助］ \n> ５ 動作・作用の開始順序や発端を示す。「先着の人 **から** 入場してください」\n\nI think the から indicates the starting point of order, meaning\n「～～から順番に」「～～から順に」, \"starting from~~, in order from~~\".\n\n「牛乳を飲み終わった人から」≂「牛乳を飲み終わった人から _順に_ 」 \n\"Starting from the person who has finished drinking milk, do ~~ in turn\",\nhence the translation \"As you finish drinking the milk, take turns in...\"\n\nI hope this makes sense.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T03:29:32.587",
"id": "44751",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T05:18:17.253",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T05:18:17.253",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "44729",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44729 | 44751 | 44751 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44759",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "what is prefer in Japanese ? an example of the context is:\n\n> I'd rather not to drink inside the bus.\n\nおすすめ is recommend in Japanese. how would you use おすすめ in this context?\n\n> it is recommended not to buy that bag.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T16:58:22.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44730",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-29T16:17:57.560",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-29T16:17:57.560",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "17638",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "'Prefer' and 'Recommend' in Japanese",
"view_count": 2072
} | [
{
"body": "> what is prefer in Japanese ? an example of the context is:\n>\n> \"I'd rather prefer not to drink inside the bus.\"\n\nYou could use:\n\n「Verb + nominalizer の + は + 好{す}きではない / 望{のぞ}まない」 to form:\n\n> 「バスの中{なか}でものを飲{の}むのは好きではない。」\n\nOr a little more naturally,\n\n> 「バスの中でものを飲んだりするのは（あまり）好きではない。」\n\nNext..\n\n> おすすめ is recommend in Japanese. how would you use おすすめ in this context?\n>\n> \"it is recommended not to buy that bag.\"\n\nYou could say:\n\n> 「あのバッグを買{か}うのは **おすすめ** できません。」\n>\n> 「あのバッグを買うのは **おすすめ** ではありません。」\n\nWithout using the verb 「買う」, you could also say:\n\n> 「あのバッグは **おすすめ** ではありません。」\n>\n> 「あれは **おすすめ** のバッグではありません。」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T07:09:33.850",
"id": "44759",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T07:21:36.183",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T07:21:36.183",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44730",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 44730 | 44759 | 44759 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44740",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I see large brightly colored circular imitation flower arrangements that are\nplaced at the entrances of pachinko parlors and want to know what they are\ncalled. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T17:42:40.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44731",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:36:20.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What are the large free standing imitation circular \"flower\" arrangements in front of pachinko parlors called?",
"view_count": 71
} | [
{
"body": "Traditional, round ones [like\nthis](https://pixta.jp/tags/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3%20%E8%8A%B1%E8%BC%AA%20%E9%96%8B%E5%BA%97?search_type=2)\nare called 花輪【はなわ】/花環【はなわ】.\n\nA similar term is スタンド花【ばな】/スタンドフラワー, which is used for similar purposes but\ntends to refer to real flower arrangement.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:36:20.760",
"id": "44740",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:36:20.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44731",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44731 | 44740 | 44740 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44750",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I see だけど used frequently in conversations, whereas しかし is predominantly used\non TV programs. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T18:38:07.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44733",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T03:25:32.130",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T02:45:18.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Can だけど and しかし be used in the same way, or is one considered more formal?",
"view_count": 264
} | [
{
"body": "しかし is more formal. It`s often used at the beginning of a sentence, しかし is\nlike \"however.\" だけど is like \"but.\"\n\n\"However,\" is definitely more formal than \"but.\" Think of Shikashi and Dakedo\nin the same way :-)\n\nMy wife is Japanese, and she told me this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T03:25:32.130",
"id": "44750",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T03:25:32.130",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20372",
"parent_id": "44733",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44733 | 44750 | 44750 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44753",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "These words were used in a chat, according to jisho.org both terms mean being\nrelaxed or taking it easy. How do you use them?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T19:08:38.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44734",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T05:11:41.607",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T02:46:09.263",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Ｗhat is the difference between くつろぐ and のんびり?",
"view_count": 386
} | [
{
"body": "They belong to different word classes. のんびり is an adverb and suru-verb, and\nくつろぐ is a verb on its own. That means のんびり (without する) and くつろぐ are never\ninterchangeable.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/T5nh6.jpg)\n\nThe difference between のんびり **する** and くつろぐ is small and they are mostly\ninterchangeable. But くつろぐ tends to refer to relaxing physically (e.g., in a\nsofa, doing almost nothing). のんびりする tends to refer to mentally feeling\nrelaxed, not being pressed for time. You can say のんびりする even when mild\nphysical activities are involved (e.g., ハワイでダイビングやドライブをしながらのんびり過ごした).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T04:06:36.063",
"id": "44753",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T05:11:41.607",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T05:11:41.607",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44734",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 44734 | 44753 | 44753 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> さっき、図書館でマリアさんという人に会ったんだけど。\n\nI know けど only as a colloquial version of -が",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-21T23:05:04.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44735",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-01T13:54:25.160",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-21T23:25:50.903",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "what does けど do in this sentence?",
"view_count": 168
} | [
{
"body": "That is what it means.\n\nIn English a lot of times it gets translated as \"but\", however in this\nsituation, the けど would probably just be ignored if you were translating it.\n\nIt's along the lines of \"I saw her earlier at the library but...\"\n\nThere isn't really anything expected to come after the \"but\". It just sort of\nsoftens the tone of the sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-01T13:54:25.160",
"id": "45121",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-01T13:54:25.160",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20531",
"parent_id": "44735",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44735 | null | 45121 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44741",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> Xは、この学校で日本語を勉強したん **だって** 。\n\nIs this the -te form of the copula? Haven't encountered it so far.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:02:32.400",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44736",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T22:22:29.047",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T22:22:29.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "I can't identify this form (だって)",
"view_count": 186
} | [
{
"body": "って is used as a quotative particle in casual speech. See: [と、て、って Quoting\nParticle Usage](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3913/5010)\n\nA sentence can sometimes end with と/って, and it usually means \"I heard ～\" or\n\"They say ～\". So you can think that 言ってた or 聞いた is omitted after it.\n\nThe sentence means \"I heard X learned Japanese at this school.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:42:33.043",
"id": "44741",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T00:42:33.043",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44736",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44736 | 44741 | 44741 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48559",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "today I came across a certain sentence and I was confused by one word in it:\n\n> 親指の腹で石を支えながら、人差し指と中指の間に **挟む** 。\n\nWhen I read this, I mistook 挟む for 狭｛せば｝む, and apparently, 狭｛せば｝む is barely\nused outside literature. When I type せばむ on my computer, it won't even return\n狭む (I get \"世バム\"). Finally I realized it was the wrong radical, and that the\nword I was interested in is 挟｛はさ｝む.\n\nHowever, 狭む and 挟む _do_ seem to be very similar: both (can) hold the meaning\n\"to insert (A) into (B)\" - difference is 狭む gives a more fierceful\ntranslation, \"to jam in\", instead of simply inserting. But they have different\nradicals: 手 and 犬. I've always viewed the radicals as disjoint, in that they\nwould not bear a relation to one another.\n\nQ: Is there a reason these words have such similar meanings, or is this case\nsimply a coincidence?\n\n(Also it must be noted that 挟｛はさ｝む has several meanings, only one of which is\n\"to insert\". So maybe I'm reading too much into it. But thanks in advance.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T00:10:55.990",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44738",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-07T17:06:32.917",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-20T08:28:13.237",
"last_editor_user_id": "622",
"owner_user_id": "14037",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"classical-japanese",
"chinese",
"jōyō-kanji"
],
"title": "Similarity between 挟む and 狭む",
"view_count": 544
} | [
{
"body": "はさむ reminds me of a sandwich, ham and egg between two pieces of bread.\n\nBoth characters have a common radical, simplified 夾, on the right, which seems\nto have the sandwich meaning. You see 大 (big guy) is sandwiched by 人. I hope\n[this page](https://ja.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%BE) helps. (I found a good\npicture in [this page](https://www.npwo.or.jp/info/382), which illustrates the\norigin. The big guy is surrounded by small people.)\n\n夾 is an advanced kanji character I think. I have seen it only in 夾竹桃 and 夾雑物,\nboth of which I can't write without a dictionary.\n\nAncient chinese probably used 狭 for something that brings negative impression\nbecause it surely does if we are sorrounded by beasts!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T01:10:56.240",
"id": "44745",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T01:10:56.240",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20352",
"parent_id": "44738",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "# 1. Why is the verb 狭{せば}む so rare/weird?\n\nAs user `naruto` said in the comments, the reason you don't see 狭{せば}む much in\nmodern Japanese (and that your input method can't handle it) is that this is a\nClassical Japanese ( _bungo_ 文語) verb, of the _shimo-nidan_ conjugation; it\ninflects as 狭め(ぬ), 狭め(て), 狭む(ぞ), 狭むる(人), 狭むれ(ど), 狭めよ(!). (If you want to learn\nmore, you can try a Classical Japanese grammar). In Modern Japanese, _shimo-\nnidan_ verbs like, say, 求{もと}む got a _shimo-ichidan_ form like 求{もと}める, so in\nthe case of Classical 狭{せば}む we can predict modern 狭{せば}める, which is indeed a\nfairly common verb (108k hits in Google Books for 狭め). And there's also the\nintransitive variant, 狭まる, which works as a modern verb too.\n\nAs for the rarity of the kanji, both ‹挟› and ‹狭› are part of the Jōyō Kanji\ntable (they're shown right next to each other, in fact), meaning we are\nsupposed to learn them; the Jōyō readings for them (i.e. the readings that\nhave to be learned) are:\n\n * 挟：キョウ、はさむ、はさまる\n * 狭：キョウ、せまい、せばまる、せばめる\n\n狭{せま}い is undoubtedly the most common reading of ‹狭›, and you should definitly\nlearn it and take care to distinguish from ‹挟›.\n\nNow for your main question, which can be subdivided into two distinct\nquestions:\n\n# 2. Is there a relationship between the similar-looking kanji 挟 and 狭?\n\nQuestions about kanji are properly questions about Chinese.\n\nIn Mandarin these are read as _xié_ and _xiá_ , which sounds very similar (and\nin Japanese _on'yomi_ , which comes from old Chinese, they're identical: _kyō_\n). They also share a component, which in the old form is written as 夾, and in\n[even older\nforms](http://www.chineseetymology.org/CharacterEtymology.aspx?submitButton1=Etymology&characterInput=%E5%A4%BE)\nis clearly a pictograph of a person between two other things, possibly two\npeople, perhaps holding them with their arms:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/m5rOF.gif)\n\nUsed by itself, 夾 also sounds similar: _jiā_. What's more, the meanings of the\nthree words all seem related. This is usually a hint of an etymological **word\nfamily**. Let's consult Schuessler's etymological dictionary:\n\n * 夾 _jiā_ < * _krêp_ : press between, be on both sides, support.\n * 狹 _xiá_ < * _ɦkrêp_ : narrow.\n * 挾 _xié_ < * _gêp_?: grasp under the arm, hold onto, conform.\n\nThere are a bunch of complications, but for our purposes what I wanted to show\nyou is that there were a bunch of similar Chinese _words_ , to which they\nascribed the same basic _character_ (夾), and then distinguished the various\nnuances by adding _determiners_ (stuff like 扌 or ⺨). Sometimes they added the\ndeterminers quite willy-nilly, and in the earlier stages of Chinese writing\nthey were kinda optional and in flux. This process was very productive in\ngeneral—in the case of 夾 we also have things like 峡 _xiá_ gorge, ravine (also\nused in Japanese); 鋏 _jiá_ tongs (sometimes seen in Japanese for 'scissors',\n_hasami_ ); 梜 _jiá_ chopsticks (now archaic); 浹 _jiā_ soak; 陜 _xiá_ variant of\n狹…\n\n# 3. Is there a relationship between the Japanese words _sebamu, sebameru,\nsemai, hasamu, hasamaru_?\n\nTo answer this we first have to set aside kanji and think of Japanese itself\n(it's always good to keep in mind that Japanese has an existence independent\nof Chinese writing).\n\nWe've seen how _sebameru_ is a regular derivation of old _sebamu_ , 'to\nnarrow; to cause grief'. And _sebamaru_ is the intransitive form, 'to become\nnarrow' (like _tomeru/tomaru_ ).\n\nIt's very easy to connect the adjective _semai_ to these verbs, via a root\n_seb-/sem-_. The consonants /b/ and /m/ are quite similar; both are bilabials\n(made by closing both lips), distinguished only by a nasal sound in /m/.\nWhat's more, /b/ is thought to have sounded like 'mb' in Old Japanese (as it\nstill does in e.g. Tōhoku); 'mb' and 'm' are even closer, and there's a number\nof other b/m alternations in the Japanese lexicon. And of course the meaning\nis basically the same, changing only from adjectival to verbal forms.\n\nWhat about _hasamu_ , _hasamaru_? Well, they're not nearly as similar, and the\nmeaning, 'to interpose, to insert between; to be on either side; to get\nbetween', while related, isn't quite the same. _seb-/sem-_ is about\nnarrowness, while _hasam-_ is about in-between-ness.\n\nNow think from the point of view of the Japanese scribes and monks who chose\nwhich _kanji_ to use for which Japanese word—which is to say, who translated\nbetween Chinese and Japanese. They clearly decided to translate _hasam-_ as\n_krêp_ 挾, 'press between' (one might expect the original 夾 character for this;\nbut in many cases the 'derived' characters like 挾 still could be used for the\n'source' words like _krêp_ /夾, and I bet this was the case here). And they\ndecided to translate the _sem-/seb-_ family, 'narrow', logically enough, as\nthe Chinese adjective 'narrow', 狹 _ɦkrêp_. At the time both of them sounded\nlike _kep_ , which is how their got their _on-yomi_ ; _-ep_ in Japanese (in\nthis as in other words) changed into _-epu_ > _-efu_ > _-eu_ > _-yō_ , making\nfor modern _kyō_.\n\nAt some point some _genius_ also decided to write _hasami_ , \"scissors\", which\nis just 挟み, with the 鋏 character, on the grounds of it being the same basic 夾\nbut having the 'metal' 金 determiner—despite the fact that in Chinese the\ncharacter actually meant 'metal tongs'.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-20T06:24:00.287",
"id": "48559",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-07T17:06:32.917",
"last_edit_date": "2017-07-07T17:06:32.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "622",
"owner_user_id": "622",
"parent_id": "44738",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 44738 | 48559 | 48559 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44746",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: a speaker is talking about a boxer after a boxing match has just\nfinished.\n\n> ＯＰＢＦ５度目の防衛２ＲＫＯで決めたぁあ！！世界ももはや圏内だ！！！\n\nWhat is the meaning of the second sentence? `\"He can now aim at the world\ntitle\"` or `\"He is now a world-famous boxer\"`? (OPBF is [Oriental and Pacific\nBoxing\nFederation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_and_Pacific_Boxing_Federation))\nThank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T01:08:01.640",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44744",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T01:17:06.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of 世界圏内 in the following sentence",
"view_count": 73
} | [
{
"body": "It means the former, \"He can now aim at the world title\".\n\n～[圏内](http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E5%9C%8F%E5%86%85&ref=sa) is \"within ～'s\nrange\". For example, 合格圏内 means having a good chance of passing an exam. You\nhave correctly guessed that this 世界 refers to the world title.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T01:17:06.087",
"id": "44746",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T01:17:06.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44744",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44744 | 44746 | 44746 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44748",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: two yakuza men found out that Azami, a man that owed them money,\ncommitted suicide. Then, one says to the other:\n\n> おい、芥生【あざみ】のこと会社に連絡しろ\n\nDoes 会社 have a particular meaning here? Or do they simply consider their gang\nas a company? How could it be translated? Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T01:32:58.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44747",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T02:27:55.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words",
"jargon"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 会社 in yakuza language?",
"view_count": 316
} | [
{
"body": "Modern yakuza organizations tend to camouflage themselves using common terms\nused by normal companies and NPOs. The name of such an organization itself can\nbe camouflage. ～組 is the traditional naming convention which is strongly\nassociated with yakuza (and construction companies), but some use confusing\nnames like ～興業. From Wikipedia:\n\n>\n> 創設者の姓名や拠点とする地名、「任」「侠」等のスローガンとなる漢字を用いた文字などに「組」、「会」、「一家」、「連合」、「連合会」などを添えた団体名を名乗る場合が多い。他に暴力団ではなく一般企業であることを強調したい場合に「興業」、「総業」、「企画」、「商事」が用いられる（もちろんこれらの屋号を使う社が全てそうだというわけではなく、暴力団組織が一般企業を装って活動するための、言わば「隠れ蓑」）。\n\nThe heads of yakuza organizations used to be called 頭領 or 親分, but in some\norganizations it's now 組長, 総長 or even 会長. 会長 (≒\"chairman\") is the word used by\nmost large Japanese companies including Toyota and Sony. So I won't be\nsurprised if a yakuza member calls his organization 会社, although I don't know\nhow common it is. Anyway, this does not mean he believes his organization is a\nproper company.\n\nIn addition, some (most?) yakuza organizations run real companies to make\nmoney, legally or illegally. So he may be referring to such a real company.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T02:14:12.157",
"id": "44748",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T02:27:55.883",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T02:27:55.883",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44747",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44747 | 44748 | 44748 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My friend wants to get a japanese phrase on some t-shirts for our group of\nfriends, and he wants it to say \"family before fortune.\" He means fortune as\nin wealth, not as in luck, or future. The problem is he has already\n\"translated\" it-- he basically put it in google translate and it spat out\n\"unmei no mae no kazoku\" which doesn't seem right to me. \"Unmei\" doesn't mean\nthat kind of fortune. I told him \"tomi\" would probably make the most sense,\nbut I'm not sure about the grammar and/or linguistics in the sentence itself.\nI don't know too much Japanese, so if anyone could answer this, and include\nthe romanization & kanji, that would be great.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T03:56:10.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44752",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-07T13:55:19.557",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T00:00:48.547",
"last_editor_user_id": "20374",
"owner_user_id": "20374",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How would you say \"Family before wealth\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 390
} | [
{
"body": "家庭優先 （かていゆうせん） katei yuusen\n\nThis is a compound word used usually in relation to the work-life balance,\nmeaning to \"prioritize family\" (over work, a career, wealth, etc). I think it\nworks well in your case as well.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-07T13:55:19.557",
"id": "45324",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-07T13:55:19.557",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20621",
"parent_id": "44752",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44752 | null | 45324 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Hi one of my japanese friends calls my other friend with the suffix ちゃん but he\nis a man and is older than her so I dunno if this is a correct way to use this\nsuffix between a woman (younger) and a man (older) friends.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T04:31:47.910",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44754",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T04:52:31.317",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "13961",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"suffixes",
"gender"
],
"title": "What are the meaning of the sufix ちゃん in an adult man?",
"view_count": 466
} | [
{
"body": "To my experience, it is not too unusual to use ちゃん for adult males. Although\nslightly unlikely to called as such by someone much younger than you.\n\nYou probably know that さん and くん can be used to somewhat establish the\n_ranking_ of power and/or how close people are. And that for women sometimes\nちゃん is used instead of くん for a slightly more _cute_ effect.\n\nWhen ちゃん is used for adult males, it is usually in a different way that women.\nIt is instead use as part of abridged pet names. For example, アンドさん->アンちゃん。It\ncan also be used as a normal suffix after saying the person's full name, but\nnot as likely.\n\nThe usage of these pet names usually demonstrates a very good/casual\nrelationship between 2 persons.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T04:44:59.743",
"id": "44756",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T04:44:59.743",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18142",
"parent_id": "44754",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Wikipedia is there to help you with a page on\n[honorifics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_honorifics#Chan).\n\nQuote:\n\n> Chan (ちゃん?) is a diminutive suffix; it expresses that the speaker finds a\n> person endearing. It comes from a \"cute\" pronouncing of -san (in Japanese,\n> replacing s sounds with ch sounds is seen as cute). In general, chan is used\n> for babies, young children, grandparents and teenagers. **It may also be\n> used towards cute animals, lovers, close friends, any youthful woman, or\n> between friends**. Using chan with a superior's name is considered to be\n> condescending and rude.\n\nEDIT: Here it doesn't really mention much age so it seems safe to assume that,\namong adults, that (age) doesn't count much if it's used between lovers or\nclose friends. I personally heard that used in both ways very often (older to\nyounger and the other way around).\n\nAlso, think about おばあちゃん！ My guess (just a guess) is that -chan there is more\nor less the same or anyway related to the honorific -chan... and grand kids\ncall their grandma like that all the time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T04:46:21.477",
"id": "44757",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T04:52:31.317",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T04:52:31.317",
"last_editor_user_id": "14205",
"owner_user_id": "14205",
"parent_id": "44754",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44754 | null | 44756 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44762",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have been practicing and interested in calligraphy for a while. Recently I\nwas looking in general for books on the subject and I often encountered this\nword: くずし字 (for example in books titles etc).\n\nNow, I have more or less an idea but I can't really find a clear definition. A\ndictionary I checked simply redirects to 草書体, and Midori more or less the\nsame. But is it actually really just a synonymous of \"cursive\"? I wonder if\nthat isn't somehow a simplification. Looking at books and topics where this\nword comes out I have a feeling it might have a different or anyway more\ngeneral meaning than that. Of course maybe I'm just wrong.\n\nI found something related\n[here](http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1291688792)\nbut I'm not sure is the answer I'm looking for. Anyone knows more about this\nhere?\n\nThanks as usual.\n\nPs. Does the くずし have any relation to the verb 崩す, as in \"breaking down\" a\ncharacter, or is it totally unrelated to such meaning? (Apparently according\nto Midori dictionary it can also be written as 崩し字 indeed).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T04:42:20.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44755",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T11:28:24.380",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T11:28:24.380",
"last_editor_user_id": "17571",
"owner_user_id": "14205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"orthography",
"kana",
"calligraphy"
],
"title": "What exactly does くずし字 refer to?",
"view_count": 200
} | [
{
"body": "くずし is obviously from 崩し.\n\nMy understanding is that 行書/草書 refers to only (semi-)cursive _kanji_. It's\nused for Chinese documents written in cursive styles.\n\nAccording to [this\narticle](http://book.geocities.jp/teikinnourai/honnbunnkuzusiji.html) and\nothers, くずし字 usually refers to cursive _Japanese_ sentences which are found\ntypically in documents in the Edo period and contain both 行書/草書 kanji and\ncursive kana (including 変体仮名).\n\nSo there is no such thing as 草書体のひらがな, but くずし字のひらがな exist.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T08:58:25.533",
"id": "44762",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T11:20:43.693",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T11:20:43.693",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44755",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44755 | 44762 | 44762 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44780",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I often hear cut phrases in movie trailers or I read it in advertisement\nposters of manga and I can't completely understand their meaning.\n\nFor example this phrase; きみとずっと、はじめを. Does this mean \"Forever with you,\nbeginning...\"? It doesn't make sense to me. Or does this really not\nnecessarily have to make sense because it's just a trailer?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T07:14:52.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44760",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-24T13:36:11.017",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T21:28:22.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "How can I understand the meaning of cut phrase, like this \"きみとずっと、はじめを...\", in advertisements or movie trailers",
"view_count": 216
} | [
{
"body": "Assuming you have not misheard it, grammatically, some verb is omitted after を\nbecause を is the object marker. So it says \"I _____ the beginning with you,\nforever.\"\n\nWithout a bit more context, this catchphrase does not make much sense. But\nthis will make perfect sense as the catchphrase of [_One Week\nFriends_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Week_Friends), for example, where\nthe memory of the main character lasts only for a week and she has to\nexperience the beginning (of a romantic relationship) again and again. In this\ncase, the missing verb would be something like 体験する or 繰り返す. Actually when I\nsaw 「きみとずっと、はじめを」 I instantly recalled this title because [its live-action\nfilm version](http://ichifure.jp/) was released last month. Well, its actual\ncatchphrase was 何度でも君を思い出す, though.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T02:28:29.160",
"id": "44780",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-24T13:36:11.017",
"last_edit_date": "2017-05-24T13:36:11.017",
"last_editor_user_id": "3295",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44760",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44760 | 44780 | 44780 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "腕、胸、お腹、肘、脇、肩 are all body parts, and their radical is 月. I wonder how that\ncame to be?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T10:03:43.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44763",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-12T17:26:17.100",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T02:54:21.113",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "20228",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 51,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"radicals"
],
"title": "Is there any reason a lot of body parts use the Month/Moon radical?",
"view_count": 10350
} | [
{
"body": "That is because the radical 「月」 originally comes from two different kanji --\n「月」 (\"moon\") and 「肉」 (\"flesh\").\n\nThe two were originally treated as two completely different radicals but they\nare now often taught/treated to be the same radical, which is the big source\nof confusion today (even among us Japanese).\n\nWhen you find the radical 「月」 in different kanji, some are meant to be the\noriginal Moon-月 and others, the Flesh-月. The 月 part looks the exact same, of\ncourse, which is why it confuses us.\n\nThus, the 「月」 used in the kanji denoting body parts is called 「 **にくづき** 」.\nThese include:\n\n肩{かた} (shoulder), 肺{はい} (lung)、脳{のう} (brain), etc.\n\nThe 「月」 used in the other group of kanji is called 「 **つき** 」 or 「 **つきへん** 」.\nSome examples are:\n\n朝{あさ} (morning)、朏{みかづき} (crescent moon)、服{ふく} (clothes), etc. Some are clearly\nmoon-related, some not so much. Don't ask me why; I am no kanji expert.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T10:42:04.613",
"id": "44764",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T10:42:04.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44763",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 42
},
{
"body": "There are two radicals that take the form 月: one is 月, \"moon\", and the other\nis a simplified \"combining\" form of the character [肉]{にく}, meaning \"flesh\". It\nis the second one that appears in kanji representing parts of the body.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T10:42:38.457",
"id": "44765",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T11:36:26.287",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T11:36:26.287",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20069",
"parent_id": "44763",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "The left side is actually a form of 肉, and in traditional dictionaries the\nradical for these characters is 肉. It's called にくづき (from 肉{にく}＋月{つき}) because\nit looks like 月 but is historically a form of 肉.\n\nBecause 肉 looks just like 月 in these characters, some less traditional\ndictionaries list these characters under 月 instead, to make them easier to\nlook up. Still, if anyone asked me what the radical for 肘 is, I'd say 肉.\n\nThe radicals are a system for organizing characters into sections in\ndictionaries, and most of the time the radical is the semantic portion of\nsemantic–phonetic compounds. However, if that were always the case, dictionary\nmakers would need a very large number of radicals; the 214 Kangxi radicals are\na compromise, and characters in this system can't always be classified under\ntheir semantophores. And in fact, the 214 radicals aren't written in stone.\nDifferent dictionaries over the years have used different sets of radicals. So\nwhen a dictionary maker chooses to list these characters under 月, they're\ncompromising to make the characters easier to find, and they're not _wrong_ to\ndo so, but keep in mind that it's non-traditional and that it's historically a\nform of 肉.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T10:46:35.570",
"id": "44766",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T10:46:35.570",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44763",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 82
},
{
"body": "The form that looks like 月 has several different origins, most of which are 肉\n(flesh), 月 (moon), and 舟 (boat, ). Those shapes have been conflated during the\ndevelopment until the 9th century. The most authoritative dictionary today,\nKangxi Dictionary, divides them in two, 肉-affiliated (にくづき) to radical 肉\n(#130) and non-肉 to 月 (#74).\n\nThis is also what we're taught in the school, but some educational\ndictionaries that don't follow Kangxi sorting would merge them into 月 for the\nsake of convenience. In number, 肉 kanji are way much beyond true 月 and others,\nso a practically better way may be identifying limited number of non-肉 kanji\nout of 肉.\n\n> 朝 期 望 朗 朔 朋 服 朕 朦 朧 & 有 (this 月 is actually 肉, but Kangxi treat it as 月)\n\nwould be a sufficient list of kanji with radical 月 in the daily life. Other\nkanji you may see with 月 shape in left or bottom are 99% originated from 肉.\n\nStrictly speaking, Kangxi Dictionary makes difference between 肉-derived 月 and\nother 月 in form, but only Taiwan and Hong Kong's standards obey it.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SSS4l.png) \n(From left: China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, Korea)\n\nSee:\n\n * [Unihan Radical-stroke Index, 肉](http://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/UnihanRSIndex.pl?minstrokes=0&maxstrokes=50&submit=Submit&radical=130) (All kanji currently in Unicode with radical 肉)\n * [Unihan Radical-stroke Index, 月](http://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/UnihanRSIndex.pl?minstrokes=0&maxstrokes=50&submit=Submit&radical=74)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T04:03:29.057",
"id": "44784",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T04:03:29.057",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "44763",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 14
}
]
| 44763 | null | 44766 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44778",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "One of the options on Japan Post re-delivery form is **ご近所様に配達**.\n\n> 近所{きんじょ} neighborhood\n>\n> 配達{はいたつ} delivery\n\nDelivering to customer's neighborhood is a little bit obscure. Could someone\nexplain where exactly my mail will be delivered if I select this option?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T18:52:14.110",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44769",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T22:44:04.147",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pragmatics",
"semantics"
],
"title": "ご近所様に配達 - Where exactly this will be delievered?",
"view_count": 82
} | [
{
"body": "It's up to you. It's literally your neighborhood. You can technically have\nyour mail redelivered to a complete stranger, which would totally upset the\nreceiver.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/yKeuk.jpg)\n\nIf you don't fill the box with an address you want the courier to send the\nmail to, that would be obscure for them too. If you choose the option, do\ndesignate the place where they can discharge the driver from the redelivery\ntrap at a time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T19:30:41.667",
"id": "44770",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T20:21:59.297",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T20:21:59.297",
"last_editor_user_id": "19858",
"owner_user_id": "19858",
"parent_id": "44769",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "You are reading it incorrectly.\n\n> 「ご近所{きんじょ}[様]{さま}」 means a \"(specific) neighbor\", **not** \"neighborhood\".\n\nYou do not attach the honorific 「様」 to \"neighborhood\". You can only attach it\nto a person's name or a word denoting a person.\n\nJapan Post, upon request, will re-deliver your mail to a neighbor of your\nchoice (among other options).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T22:44:04.147",
"id": "44778",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T22:44:04.147",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44769",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44769 | 44778 | 44778 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44773",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have this paragraph:\n\n>\n> ２０１６年度東京スポーツ新聞社制定プロレス大賞技能賞に輝いた新日本プロレスのケニー・オメガ（３３）が８日、深刻な“燃え尽き症候群”に陥り、悩める胸中を明かした。\n\nI know that \"２０１６年度東京スポーツ新聞社制定プロレス大賞技能賞に輝いた新日本プロレスの\" is modifying ケニー・オメガ but\nI'm not sure how to parse it since I don't know how 制定 fits here. The only\nthing I know is that ケニー・オメガ was the recipient of the ２０１６年度東京スポーツプロレス大賞技能賞\nbut he didn't attend the awards because of depression",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T20:06:25.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44772",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T20:39:13.993",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T20:39:13.993",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "17515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"parsing"
],
"title": "How can I parse this long atributive sentence:",
"view_count": 102
} | [
{
"body": "You can use the following parsing:\n\n> ２０１６年度 [[[東京スポーツ新聞社][ **が** 制定 **した**\n> ]][プロレス大賞技能賞に輝いた]][新日本プロレスのケニー・オメガ（３３）]が[８日、深刻な“燃え尽き症候群”に陥り、悩める胸中を明かした。]\n\nI emphasized what has been omitted. You could translate literally the whole as\n\n> Kenny Omega (33 y.o.) who shone at the pro-race great prize, which was\n> established by the Tokyo Sports Newspaper Agency, revealed on the eighth of\n> this month that he has been really depressed, and expressed his troubles.\n\nThe translation is very far from perfect but it should be enough to give you\nan idea.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T20:29:30.680",
"id": "44773",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T20:38:36.460",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T20:38:36.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"parent_id": "44772",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44772 | 44773 | 44773 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44776",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've seen a couple videos of a Japanese translation of the song Twinkle\nTwinkle Little Star. This Japanese version is titled 「きら きら ぼし」. However, star\nis 「ほし」.\n\nWhy is the ほ sound voiced in the title?\n\nExample of this: <http://blogs.transparent.com/japanese/twinkle-twinkle-\nlittle-star-in-japanese/>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T21:52:55.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44775",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T22:44:28.900",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T22:44:28.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "19849",
"owner_user_id": "19849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"rendaku"
],
"title": "Why does this unvoiced ほ sound become a voiced ぼ sound?",
"view_count": 283
} | [
{
"body": "From <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendaku>\n\n> Rendaku (連濁?, lit. \"sequential voicing\") is a phenomenon in Japanese\n> morphophonology that governs the voicing of the initial consonant of the\n> non-initial portion of a compound or prefixed word. In modern Japanese,\n> rendaku is common but at times unpredictable, with certain words unaffected\n> by it.\n\n_Rendaku_ is the changing of voicing that, in practice, is usually the\naddition of a _dakuten/tenten_ to the first syllable of a word contained\nwithin a compound or phrase.\n\nAs mentioned above; rendaku occurs commonly but is unpredictable, in that\nthere isn't any fit-all rule that determines when it applies. However, rendaku\ncommonly appears in words involving the _noma_ iteration mark (々) indicating\nrepetition of the prior character, such as in _hitobito [人人/人々、ひとびと, not\nhitohito]_ and _samazama [様様/様々、さまざま, not samasama]_\n\nIn your example, _きらきらぼし_ is considered a single phrase in that _きらきら_ is a\nmodifier describing _ほし_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T22:11:53.160",
"id": "44776",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T22:16:58.657",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-22T22:16:58.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "16235",
"owner_user_id": "16235",
"parent_id": "44775",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 44775 | 44776 | 44776 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Here's a line from a piece of Japanese fiction:\n\n> 切れ長の目が、さみしげに細められていた。\n\nI'm wondering if this is simply saying:\n\n> He narrowed his lonely(?) eyes\n\n(? - It's hard to tell without Kanji but I think this is the meaning)\n\nBut I've been told that in Japanese, when it says someone is narrowing their\neyes it means they're smiling. Is the above perhaps referring to this idiom or\nis it simply someone narrowing their eyes literally.\n\n(From the context I think could go either way, character A tells character B\nthat they wish them a good life before B leaves them for a new life abroad.\nThe above was describing A right after A says \"I wish you a good life\" to B)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T22:31:19.583",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44777",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T23:07:32.353",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20382",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Is this referring to an Idiomatic way to say someone is smiling?",
"view_count": 118
} | [
{
"body": "> 「目{め}を細{ほそ}める」\n\ncan mean both \" **to squint** \" and \" **to smile** \".\n\nWithout more context, it is difficult to tell which one it is used for in the\nsentence in question.\n\nI myself would be inclined to think it is the former because of the use of\n「さみしげに」, but this is no place for speculation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-22T23:07:32.353",
"id": "44779",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-22T23:07:32.353",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44777",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44777 | null | 44779 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44782",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "それは横恋慕と、失恋と…そして成長の歌。\n\nI would translate it as: a love affair, a broken heart (like unrequited love)\nand a song of growth. I'm particularly interested in the first 2 parts of the\nsentence.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T02:37:37.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44781",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T02:56:53.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Help in this sentence",
"view_count": 65
} | [
{
"body": "\"横恋慕と、失恋と…そして成長の\" all modifies the 歌. Translate it like \"(It's) the song of A,\nB ...and C\".\n\n**EDIT:** 横恋慕 means falling in love with someone who is already in a romantic\nrelationship with someone else. 失恋 is heartbreak. So this song starts from a\n横恋慕, and then heartbreaking follows, and it ends with overcoming the\nheartbreak and growing up.",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T02:46:12.917",
"id": "44782",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T02:56:53.417",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T02:56:53.417",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44781",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44781 | 44782 | 44782 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44787",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "それは横恋慕と\n\n横恋慕 means falling in love with someone who is already in a romantic\nrelationship with someone else.\n\nHowever, according to the dictionary the translation would be illicit love.\nCan someone explain it to me? Why would it be illicit?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T03:36:10.477",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44783",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T08:40:51.733",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T08:40:51.733",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "20387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Does 横恋慕 mean illicit love?",
"view_count": 370
} | [
{
"body": "According to 明鏡国語辞典:\n\n> よこれんぼ【横恋慕】〘名・自サ変〙すでに **配偶者** や恋人のある人に、横合いから恋をすること。\n\n横恋慕 means \"falling in love with someone who is already married or in a\nrelationship\". So 横恋慕 is _not always_ illicit; if you fell in love with\nsomeone who is already married, it would be considered an illicit love.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T04:59:21.850",
"id": "44787",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T05:26:50.813",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T05:26:50.813",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "44783",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "To me, 横恋慕 (literally \"traverse love\") itself is a neutral word in terms of\nethics. [Wikipedia\nsays](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%AA%E6%81%8B%E6%85%95):\n\n> 横恋慕をした際には、具体的行動を起こさずに胸の内に秘めておく場合もあれば、具体的行動を起こして恋愛感情の要求を満たそうとする場合がある。\n\nSo 横恋慕 does not necessarily mean actually trying to steal someone from\nsomeone. No one can stop you from just liking someone silently.\n\nIf a person actually establishes a romantic relationship who already has a\nromantic partner, it's usually called 二股 (two-timing), which clearly sounds\nmore negative and unethical. Having a relationship with a married person is\ncalled 浮気, which is of course considered really bad. If the person actually\nhas stolen someone completely (i.e., resulting in parting with his/her\noriginal partner), that's called 略奪愛.\n\nI'm sorry but I have no idea which category English \"illicit love\" falls into.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T05:01:42.423",
"id": "44788",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T05:01:42.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44783",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44783 | 44787 | 44787 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44786",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across あっています in many places mostly in e-mail communication, but not\nable to get the exact meaning. I searched in jisho.org and found\n[あっています](http://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%82%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%81%BE%E3%81%99)\nis same as ある but not giving correct meaning for below example?\n\nWhat is the correct meaning for below sentence?\n\n> マネージャーという認識{にんしき}であっています",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T04:40:37.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44785",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T05:20:26.727",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T05:20:26.727",
"last_editor_user_id": "19456",
"owner_user_id": "19456",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of あっています",
"view_count": 1169
} | [
{
"body": "「合{あ}っています」 means \"correct\".\n\n> \"Your/Someone's understanding that someone is a manager is correct.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T04:50:36.503",
"id": "44786",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T04:50:36.503",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44785",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44785 | 44786 | 44786 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44790",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "If I want to say, for example,\n\n_I'm waiting **for** Jason_\n\nor\n\n_I'm not in this **for** the money_\n\nWhat would be the particle? Ni?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T06:51:37.667",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44789",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T11:29:43.120",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the correct grammar particle for 'for'?",
"view_count": 149
} | [
{
"body": "There is no direct equivalent. When it comes to particles and prepositions,\nyou can never expect a one-to-one correspondence. At least に does not work for\nyour examples. Weblio (English-Japanese dictionary for Japanese people\nlearning English) lists [over 20 definitions and over 50 possible\ntranslations](http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/for) of _for_. The correct\nparticle would be に, へ, の, と or を depending on the sentence.\n\n> I'm waiting for Jason. \n> ジェイソン **を** 待っています。\n>\n> I'm not in this for the money. \n> お金 **のために** やっているのではありません。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T07:04:44.633",
"id": "44790",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T11:29:43.120",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T11:29:43.120",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44789",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44789 | 44790 | 44790 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44795",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I don't know what this sentence means. \"相変わらずつーといえばかーだね\". I tried using google\ntranslate but it produces way too different meanings, when I try to translate\nthe sentence bit per bit.\n\nex. 相変わらずつーといえばかーだね= As usual I can not stop talking to you. \nつーといえばかーだね= It's awfully cool \nつーといえばかー= Wait a minute.\n\nDoes this mean that the original sentence means \"As usual she's awfully\ncool.\"? Is the word for word of the sentence like this; 相変わらず つー と いえ ばかー だ ね?\nor is it 相変わらず つー と いえば かー だ ね? \nBut the words: つー and かー do not make sense to me.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T09:25:50.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44791",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T13:05:50.050",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T09:43:05.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"set-phrases",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "How do I decipher each word in a sentence, if all is written in hiragana?",
"view_count": 175
} | [
{
"body": "> 「相変{あいか}わらずつーといえばかーだね。」\n\n≒\n\n> 「相変わらず、『つーと言えばかー』だね。」\n\n≒\n\n> 「相変わらず、二人{ふたり}は『つーと言えばかー』の関係{かんけい}だね。」\n\n「つーといえばかー」 is an idiomatic expression describing **what great communication\ntwo persons have with each other**. You just have to memorize it.\n\nI honestly do not know how you could get \"cannot stop talking to you\",\n\"awfully cool\" or \"wait a minute\" **even if** 「つーといえばかー」 were not an idiomatic\nexpression.\n\n> \"As usual, (the two persons) have great communication with each other, don't\n> they?\"\n\nFinally, regarding where 「つー/つう」 and 「かー/かあ」 come from, they are both\nsentence-ending particles. The latter has remained till today but the former\nhas changed to 「とさ」.\n\n「かあ」: Used as an exclamation when talking to oneself as in\n「ここのラーメン、1,000円{えん}もするの **かあ** 。」\n\n「とさ」: Used as a quotative or expressing hearsay as in\n「その後{ご}、おじいさんは幸{しあわ}せに暮{く}らした **とさ** 。」\n\nIt is probably faster if you memorized the idiomatic expression as is without\nanalyzing its components.\n\nThis expression is far more common among native speakers than you might think.\nThere used to even exist a large cellphone company named 「ツーカー」. A nice name\nfor a cellphone, isn't it?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/y3k7t.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T12:27:49.557",
"id": "44795",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T13:05:50.050",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T13:05:50.050",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44791",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
]
| 44791 | 44795 | 44795 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44793",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Yesterday I wanted to tell a Japanese friend that his hand writing was really\npretty (he was writing Kanji to show me in a very neat way).\n\nSo I said \"書き方がとても美しい{うつくしい}！\" (instead of the simpler \"書き方がとてもきれい\"). Since he\ndidn't correct me I didn't think anything special on the moment, but now I'm\nstill thinking it might be a weird way to put it. Is it?\n\nI read this page on the difference between きれい and 美しい:\n[https://exploringjapanese.wordpress.com/2010/06/18/きれい-vs-\nうつくしい/](https://exploringjapanese.wordpress.com/2010/06/18/%E3%81%8D%E3%82%8C%E3%81%84-vs-%E3%81%86%E3%81%A4%E3%81%8F%E3%81%97%E3%81%84/)\nAnd I get the feeling that 美しい might have been too majestic and formal for\nthis, am I correct?\n\nThen I thought maybe actually a better way to put this would not be with\n\"beautiful\" adjectives at all! Any thought?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T10:07:52.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44792",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T12:06:17.873",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20379",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Adjective for beautiful hand-writing? (きれい, 美しい{うつくしい} ?)",
"view_count": 134
} | [
{
"body": "If we want to say that someone's writing is pretty(good), we usually say\n字がきれい、字が上手{じょうず}、字がうまい.\n\nI feel 美しい is a bit majestic as you said. And I feel 書き方 means things like\nthis <http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E6%9B%B8%E3%81%8D%E6%96%B9> rather than\nletters itself.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T11:58:03.477",
"id": "44793",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T12:06:17.873",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T12:06:17.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "44792",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44792 | 44793 | 44793 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I only know aida means a between a space or time and that uchi can only be\nused with a particle, but other than that, what do these words literally mean\n, how do you use them and what are the ways they differ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T12:22:21.060",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44794",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T22:59:24.170",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T15:23:55.770",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20228",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"words"
],
"title": "When saying \"while\" doing something, how do: 間、うち and ながら differ?",
"view_count": 3003
} | [
{
"body": "As for the difference between 間 and うち, see: [When describing time span, are 間\n{あいだ} and 内 {うち}\ninterchangeable?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2620/5010)\n\nながら is used in the following two situations:\n\n 1. To emphasize one is making two different actions simultaneously.\n\n> * 食べながらテレビを見るな。 Don't watch TV while eating.\n> * 走りながらラジオを聞いていました。 I was listening to the radio while running.\n\n 2. To mean \"despite\".\n\n> * 彼はプロの野球選手でありながら、ピアノも上手だ。 \n> He is good at playing the piano despite being a professional baseball\n> player.\n> * 貧乏ながら幸せに暮らしています。 \n> While I'm in poverty, I'm leading a happy life.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T19:51:03.153",
"id": "44809",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T22:59:24.170",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44794",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44794 | null | 44809 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm wondering if 眩しい思いで in the following is referring to a memory or a\nfeeling:\n\n> その背中を、眩しい思いで見つめていた。\n>\n> He gazed at their backs with dazzled feeling/He gazed at their backs dazzled\n> by a memory.\n\nI'm confused is the 思い supposed to mean feelings/thoughts here with で particle\nfollowing it or is it actually referring to 思い出 which refers to memories?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T12:57:10.097",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44796",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T13:08:31.617",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "20396",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Is 眩しい思いで referring to a feeling or a memory?",
"view_count": 99
} | [
{
"body": "> 「その背中{せなか}を、眩{まぶ}しい思{おも}いで見{み}つめていた。」\n\nIt is 「思い」 + particle「で」.\n\nIf it were 「思い出」, that part would make no sense. Even if it made sense, you\nwould still need to use a word or phrase between 「思い出」 and 「見つめていた」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T13:08:31.617",
"id": "44798",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T13:08:31.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44796",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44796 | null | 44798 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44803",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 留守番電話に伝言入れたのに、それを **_聞かなかったそうです_** 。\n\nSo, the problem I have is the following:\n\nIn my textbook, I learned that ます-stem + そうです means \"to seem\", like\n\"雨が降りそうです。\"\n\nThen, dictionary form + そうです means hearsay, like:\n\n> 田中さんは出張するそうです。\n\nIn this sentence we're talking about, strictly speaking we have neither\ndictionary form nor masu-stem. We simply have non-polite past. \nSo, does this construction even express one of the two things I explained, or\nis そうです in another function here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T13:04:57.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44797",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-25T11:47:01.963",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T05:21:48.860",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"auxiliaries"
],
"title": "Problems with そうです in this sentence",
"view_count": 783
} | [
{
"body": "## _**Inference vs. Hearsay**_\n\n## **Inference** :\n\nWords and their forms that must directly precede 「そう（だ/です/である, etc.）」 are:\n\n> * Verbs in 連用形{れんようけい} (continuative form)\n>\n> * Subsidiary Verbs (れる、られる、せる、させる) in 連用形\n>\n> * Adjective Stems with the exceptions of 「ない」 and 「よい」, where you must say\n> 「な **さ** そう」 and 「よ **さ** そう」 with an extra さ thrown in. ← Important!\n>\n> * Stems of Subsidiary Verbs ない and たい\n>\n>\n\nExamples:\n\n> 「雨{あめ}が降{ふ}りそうだ。」 \n> 「また先生{せんせい}に[怒]{おこ}られそうです。」 \n> 「明日{あした}も寒{さむ}そうだよね。」 \n> 「この映画{えいが}はよ **さ** そうだな。」 よい used as an adjective \n> 「あの人は眠{ねむ}たそうだ。」 \n> 「誰{だれ}も知{し}らなそうだ。」 ない used as a subsidiary verb\n\n(If you could turn all these inference sentences into hearsay ones, you\nprobably know the subject matter well. I do encounter _**many**_ mistakes with\nthis made by J-learners if I may be honest here.)\n\n## **Hearsay** :\n\nWords and their forms that must directly precede 「そう（だ/です/である, etc.）」 are:\n\n> * Dictionary forms and their past-tense forms of Verbs and Adjectives.\n>\n> * Vast majority of subsidiary verbs in their dictionary forms and the past\n> tense-forms. The most famous exception would be 「です」. You cannot say\n> 「ですそうだ」, 「でしたそうです」, etc.\n>\n>\n\nExamples:\n\n> 「留守番電話{るすばんでんわ}に伝言{でんごん}入{い}れたのに、それを聞{き}かなかったそうです。」 \n> 「タローは６時{じ}までには帰{かえ}れるそうよ。ジローは無理{むり}みたい。」",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T16:30:08.697",
"id": "44803",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-25T11:47:01.963",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-25T11:47:01.963",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44797",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44797 | 44803 | 44803 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44800",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "父は姉のセーター **が** デパートで買いました。\n\nIs this sentence wrong due to the が? Must an action verb like 買いました always use\nを？\n\nI don't remember where I read it, but it said that in many cases, using が will\nnot be wrong since it marks a statement. While if the verb require が (such as\nすき or 欲しい）it will be wrong to use を.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T13:40:14.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44799",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T16:06:07.653",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T16:06:07.653",
"last_editor_user_id": "542",
"owner_user_id": "13611",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is this sentence wrong? Must an action verb like 買いました always use を？",
"view_count": 124
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, it is. セーター in your example sentence is a object, so you must use を\nbecause を is usually used for a object.\n\nAs for すき and 欲しい, you are right.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T14:48:05.670",
"id": "44800",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T14:59:37.047",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T14:59:37.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "44799",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44799 | 44800 | 44800 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44807",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I just saw this tweet:\n\n> **おいらの中では、**\n> 何年か前にISISから改名したISについて、すぐにISへ呼び方を変えたBBCと、ISISと呼び続けるCNNというイメージなので、CNNがIslamic\n> Stateと呼ぶのを見て驚{おどろ}いてる。\n\nI would translate:\n\n> With regard to changing the name of ISIS to IS a few years ago, I had the\n> impression that the BBC immediately started saying IS while CNN continued to\n> say ISIS. Therefore, I am surprised to see that CNN is now calling them\n> \"Islamic State\".\n\nok. I just learned that \"オイラ\" is slang for a first-person pronoun.\n\n * I am reading \"おいらの中では、\" to just mean \"私は\" because of [this definition](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/thsrs/5432/meaning/m0u/). But, surely it means something more than that.\n\n * In the Twittersphere, brevity trumps all else. With the ending verb being \"を見て驚いてる\", that this is written from a first-person point of view is obvious. Why cannot \"おいらの中では、\" just be implied? There must be significant meaning in that phrase?\n\nand here is the link to the tweet: \n[actual tweet](https://twitter.com/YamakenIC/status/844932415713787905)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T16:17:25.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44802",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-15T23:30:09.890",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T01:32:48.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "19942",
"owner_user_id": "19942",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of \"おいらの中では\" in this tweet?",
"view_count": 973
} | [
{
"body": "おいら is a shift from おれら, which is おれ (first-person masculine very-informal\nsingular pronoun) + ら (pluralizer). So おいら is not (roughly) equivalent to 私は,\nbut rather to 私達, where the speaker is male and the social context is in-\ngroup. The verb ending alone does not give us this context regarding the\nspeaker and audience.\n\n### Update\n\nWhile I had learned おいら as a plural, and the term おいら is listed in many\ndictionaries as deriving from おれ + ら, it seems I may have either learned a\ndialectal variation in meaning, or simply misunderstood something along the\nway. Please refer to naruto's answer.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T16:30:43.237",
"id": "44804",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-15T23:30:09.890",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-15T23:30:09.890",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "44802",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "This `person + の中では` is a common (but more or less slangy) way to say \"in\none's understanding\" or \"from what one understands\". Here, it's used to imply\nthe following part (すぐにISへ呼び方を変えたBBCとISISと呼び続けるCNNというイメージ) is not something\nconfirmed but only his understanding. ～というイメージ implies the same thing, so you\ncan drop this おいらの中では without significantly changing the meaning of the\nsentence. But, as you know, 140 Japanese characters is much \"longer\" than 140\nEnglish characters. Your translation seems fine to me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T19:31:01.130",
"id": "44807",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-23T20:42:16.863",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-23T20:42:16.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44802",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44802 | 44807 | 44807 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44808",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to say welcome to people when they enter my private office. I am not in\na store or selling anything. I have only heard this term used in large common\npublic areas. There may be a more appropriate term. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T16:32:29.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44805",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-03T14:28:41.880",
"last_edit_date": "2019-10-03T14:28:41.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Is it appropriate to use irasshaimase when welcoming someone to a private office?",
"view_count": 996
} | [
{
"body": "No, いらっしゃいませ is rarely heard if you're not in a store or a restaurant.\n\nInstead, you can use:\n\n * ようこそ。\n * ようこそいらっしゃいました。 (politer)\n * いらっしゃい。 (i.e., without ませ; casual and relatively uncommon)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T19:41:22.037",
"id": "44808",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T01:30:04.697",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T01:30:04.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44805",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44805 | 44808 | 44808 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44812",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does it mean in the sentence below?\n\n> 彼は私を午前中ずっと待たせた **ままにした** 。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T22:29:43.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44810",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T00:02:33.577",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17380",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"syntax"
],
"title": "What does ままにした mean?",
"view_count": 147
} | [
{
"body": "> 「彼{かれ}は私{わたし}を午前中{ごぜんちゅう}ずっと待{ま}たせた **ままにした** 。」\n\n「ままにする」 means \"to leave\", \"to keep\", etc.\n\n> \"He left me waiting all morning.\"\n\nFor those keen on pronunciation, 「まま」 and 「ママ」 are pronounced differently.\n\n「[まま]{LH}」\n\n「[ママ]{HL}」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T00:02:33.577",
"id": "44812",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T00:02:33.577",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44810",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44810 | 44812 | 44812 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am looking for recipes online in Japanese but I am not sure about some of\nthe terminology. In particular, I'd like to search for \"cheap and easy\nrecipes\" - are 簡単【かんたん】 and 安い【やすい】appropriate words for this purpose?\n\nThank you :)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-23T22:43:41.507",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44811",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-28T08:00:31.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20379",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How to say \"cheap and easy\" for food/recipes?",
"view_count": 555
} | [
{
"body": "Yes those are appropriate words but here are more choices for you.\n\nsimilar words for easy\n\nー簡単（kantan)\n\nー手軽(tegaru)\n\nー時短(zitan/quick)\n\nー初心者(shyoshinshya/beginner)\n\nSimilar words for cheap\n\nー安い(yasui)\n\nー節約(setsuyaku)\n\nーコスパ(kosupa/cost-effective)\n\n\"ズボラ飯(zubora-meshi)\" means super easy and quick meals.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-05-31T04:47:47.360",
"id": "59099",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-31T04:47:47.360",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30121",
"parent_id": "44811",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44811 | null | 59099 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44815",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "一番好きな人どうしが一番好きでいられる関係が一番だって、信じてるから\n\nMy translation would be something like this: Because I believe the best thing\nis for the person you like best to be liked the best.\n\nI'm having trouble to understand this sentence because the word best keeps\nbeing repeated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T02:08:32.390",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44814",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T02:32:14.870",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20064",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Trouble with this sentence",
"view_count": 78
} | [
{
"body": "> 「一番好{いちばんす}きな人どうしが一番好きでいられる関係{かんけい}が一番だって、信{しん}じてるから。」\n\nFirst, let us look at the over-all sentence structure. It is saying that a\ncertain kind of relationship (関係) is the best. Now, what kind is that?\n\nIt is one in which 「一番好きな人どうし」 can maintain a 「一番好きでいられる」 type of situation.\nAre you following?\n\n「一番好きな人どうし」 means \" ** _two_** people who truly love each other (the best)\"\n\n「一番好きでいられる」 means \"could keep loving each other the best\"\n\nPut it altogether and you will have:\n\n> \"I believe that it would be the best (kind of) relationship if two people\n> loving each other the best could maintain that relationship.\"\n\nMore literally,\n\n> \"I believe that a relationship in which two people who love each other the\n> best could keep loving each other the best would be the best (kind of)\n> relationship.\"\n\nWordy, I know, but that is how the original is.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T02:32:14.870",
"id": "44815",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T02:32:14.870",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44814",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44814 | 44815 | 44815 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44818",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My mother's name is Colombia (like the country) and I'm trying to give her a\ngift because she loves the Japanese landscapes (like trees or combinations of\nred, black and white). I want to write her name in a correct way and explain\nto her in a simple words. On the Internet I found 哥倫比亜.\n(<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9C#Japanese>)\nBut reading books and trying to understand the correct way is hard and maybe\nthis web page could help me. \nI ask a person in a congress and she wrote this on paper and its very\ndifferent. I tried to search for information but maybe I don't have the\ncorrect path or sites for this information.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/m0bME.png)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T03:36:44.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44817",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-18T07:08:43.223",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T10:07:47.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20410",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"kanji",
"names",
"ateji"
],
"title": "Looking for ateji for Colombia",
"view_count": 285
} | [
{
"body": "哥倫比亜 is an [ateji](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateji) country name for\nColumbia. It was created many years ago to write Columbia in kanji, but\nordinary Japanese people today do not use nor understand 哥倫比亜. Well, each\nkanji is not so difficult, so it makes sense as a quiz (i.e., \"Which country\ndoes this refer to?\").\n\n * [What’s your country’s name in traditional Japanese ateji?](https://deadreckoning8.wordpress.com/2014/02/09/whats-your-countrys-name-in-traditional-japanese-ateji/)\n * [The logic behind kanji choice for country name ateji](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24295/5010)\n\nBy nature, there are theoretically thousands of possible ways to write\nColumbia using ateji. The image you pasted reads 古呂ン美阿 written vertically.\nThat's another possible way to write Columbia using ateji, but I don't think\nit's an orthodox one. I got nothing related to Columbia by googling with\n古呂ン美阿. (Artistically speaking, it's well written, though.)\n\nIf your mother loves kanji and you really need to use kanji for Columbia,\nperhaps 哥倫比亜 would be the normal choice.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T05:21:05.523",
"id": "44818",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-18T07:08:43.223",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-18T07:08:43.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44817",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Country names are nowadays usually written in _katakana_ although the _ateji_\ndo feature in abbreviations, where usually the first character of the _ateji_\nis used. (A well-known exception being 米 from 亜 **米** 利加 because 亜 had already\nbeen used for 亜細亜【アジア】.)\n\nIn case of Colombia, Wikipedia actually lists [many\n_ateji_](https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8D%E3%81%AE%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E8%A1%A8%E8%A8%98%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7):\n\n * 哥倫比亜\n * 哥倫比\n * 可倫比亜\n * 哥倫米阿\n * 閣龍比亜\n * 古倫比亜\n * 可侖比亜\n * 古論備亜\n * 戈攬弥阿\n * 古論備屋\n * 科倫比亜\n\nHowever, of these only the first one appears in most of the sources.\n\nIf you are not going to write the country's name, then you're not expected to\nuse the most common _ateji_ for the country.\n\nThere are names whose _kanji_ are chosen like _ateji_. But none of the above\ncandidates look like a woman's name (which is not surprising!).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T06:39:50.097",
"id": "44821",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T06:39:50.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44817",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44817 | 44818 | 44818 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44864",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm unsure of what \"本心じゃない\" should represent and how to properly negate \"本心\"\nin the sentences below. \nWhen I searched for the meaning of \"本心\", I found the following meaning:\n\n-real intention \n-one's right mind \n-conformity to one's own sense of right conduct \n-really mean \n-true feelings \n\nDid the word \"intention\" properly conveyed the meaning of the sentences below?\n\n> **本心じゃなくて** カップルイメ—ジに合わせちゃっただけなのに。 \n> It wasn’t intentional. But we still ended up becoming like a couples. \n> 私が **本心じゃない** ってわかっててあんなこと **言ってきた** んだ。 \n> When I understood that it was unintentional, I was saying such a thing.\n\nI'm also unsure regarding how to interpret \"~てきた\". I tried searching for \"てきた\"\nexplanation and I found this. \nIf the speaker at present says 「～てきた」, s/he is talking about something which\nstarted sometime in the past and continued until now or it can be \"until\nsometime in the past\". \nSo, I interpreted \"あんなこと言ってきたんだ\" as \"I was saying such a thing\". \nBut somehow the meaning of the whole sentence seems off. \nIs my interpretation of the meaning of \"あんなこと言ってきたんだ\" wrong or just the\ninterpretation of the sentence as a whole?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T06:03:58.677",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44819",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T09:40:18.067",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T10:10:51.190",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the meaning 本心じゃない and ~言ってきた?",
"view_count": 245
} | [
{
"body": "本心 means true feeling, as it says, and 本心じゃない means that what was said was not\nsincere. So, 本心じゃなくてカップルイメ—ジに合わせちゃっただけなのに means \"I wasn't serious, but just\nobeyed to how she thought of us\".\n\nAs for 言ってきた, when you express how someone speaks to someone else, if he\nspeaks to the direction that goes away from you in your perspective, you use\n言う. In contrast, when he speaks to the direction that approaches to you, you\nuse 言ってくる. (note that these include psychological sense)\n\nSo, 私が本心じゃないってわかっててあんなこと言ってきたんだ means \"Ah, so he told me that while knowing\nthat I wasn't serious!\".\n\nWithout detailed explanations in the comments, I couldn't answer.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T09:40:18.067",
"id": "44864",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T09:40:18.067",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "44819",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44819 | 44864 | 44864 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44822",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "When I travelled, I found I could translate the regions or cities into names\nin English,\n\n * like in German _Burg_ is \"castle\" so Hamburg might be \"Castle of Ham\",\n * Novi Sad in Serbia is \"New Farmland\",\n * Shanghai translates as \"Upon-the-Sea\".\n\nDo the regions of Japan translate similar? Are there any references to their\nEnglish names, for example \"region of blossoms\" or such?\n\nBy provinces I mean provinces like _Hōki, Inaba, Harima, Bizen, Mimasaka,\nBitchū_ , etc.?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T06:39:37.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44820",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T01:07:06.553",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T01:07:06.553",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "20412",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"names",
"old-japanese"
],
"title": "Are the province names of Japan translatable into English?",
"view_count": 338
} | [
{
"body": "Most Chinese and Japanese place names are made of kanji, which is perhaps the\nmost famous sets of [logographic\ncharacters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logogram) currently in use.\nTherefore most Japanese place names can be translated literally, just as\nShanghai (上海) translates to \"upon-the-sea\" (上 = up, 海 = sea). For example,\n[this page](http://ameblo.jp/makoronpop/entry-11494909763.html) has a list of\nthe literal \"translations\" of the 47 Japanese prefectures.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T07:12:59.720",
"id": "44822",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T07:18:02.797",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T07:18:02.797",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44820",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Given that place names are usually written with _kanji_ (Chinese logographic\ncharacters), it is hard to find a place name that doesn't have a meaning. The\n\"meaning\" of a place name is hard-coded into the way it is written.\n\nOften the characters seem to represent the etymology of a place name (京都\n\"capital city\", 大阪 \"large hill\", etc.).\n\nHowever, sometimes the characters may have been selected for their phonetic\nvalue instead. (This is especially true for old names, from a time when\n_kanji_ were often used for their phonetic value and less for their meaning.)\n\nFor example, in the case of the old province 播磨国 _Harima_ you asked about,\nthere was more than one way of writing the name: [Wikipedia mentions also 針間国\nand 幡麻国](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%92%AD%E7%A3%A8%E5%9B%BD).\n[Apparently](http://www.geocities.jp/takenet5177/harimasisou.html), the origin\nof the name _Harima_ is unknown. However, with each different way of writing\nthe name, a different meaning is attached:\n\n * 播磨 \"polish in large movement\"\n * 針間 \"eye of a needle\"\n * 幡麻 \"hemp flag\"\n\n(I don't know how to accurately translate the names.)\n\nSimilarly, 美作国 _Mimasaka no Kuni_ \"Land of Artwork\" (remember I'm just making\nthis up) is written with characters that have little to do with the purported\n[etymology](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E4%BD%9C%E5%9B%BD#.E7.94.B1.E6.9D.A5)\nof the place name (御坂の国 \"Land of the Sacred Hills\", 三坂の国 \"Land of the Three\nHills\", 甘酒の国 \"Land of _Amazake_ \").\n\nIn general place names may have adopted different characters for some such\nreasons. For translation, you have to choose a representation that you use to\ntranslate \"the\" meaning into English.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T01:02:53.140",
"id": "44853",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T01:02:53.140",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44820",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44820 | 44822 | 44822 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44831",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I want to ensure that people are listening to what I am saying, when they may\noccasionally get side tracked. I hear the term used on the phone regularly,\nbut wonder if the term can be used with groups of people. Thanks.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T15:01:15.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44827",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:40:21.947",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Can I use もしもしif I want to get someone/group to pay attention?",
"view_count": 247
} | [
{
"body": "With a large group of people, you **_could_** use 「もしもし」 in order to draw\ntheir attention. You would, however, need to know that that would be a rather\nhumorous (and a bit unusual) way of using the phrase. I would at least not use\nit repeatedly with the same group.\n\nWith a single stranger or a small group of strangers, it is O.K. to use 「もしもし」\nto mean \" ** _Excuse me!_** \" You just need to know that this usage, though\nonce just normal, has rapidly been becoming less and less common. It would\noften be a very old person using 「もしもし」 that way.\n\nFor the majority of present-day native speakers, the only place they say\n「もしもし」 is on the phone.\n\nIn fact, the only one time someone has said 「もしもし」 to me on the street in the\nlast several years has been by a foreigner who thought it just meant \"hello\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T15:45:29.720",
"id": "44831",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T15:50:39.980",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T15:50:39.980",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44827",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "Just to add. Saying もしもし to get someone's attention would generally considered\nquite rude (think saying \"heeeloooo!\" in English) however it could be used\nbetween friends when one is obviously day-dreaming etc.\n\nIt shouldn't be used to address a crowd.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T10:40:21.947",
"id": "44868",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:40:21.947",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44827",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44827 | 44831 | 44831 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> もっと良いインターネットを要ります。\n>\n> もっと良いインターネットが必要です。\n\nThe scenario being that either I have a crappy connection or a friend of mine\nhas a crappy connection. Is either of those examples too literal for `I need\nbetter internet` or `You need better internet`? Is there something more\nidiomatic?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T15:14:37.540",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44828",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T16:04:13.020",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "16223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How to say, I/you need [a] better [noun]?",
"view_count": 198
} | [
{
"body": "Your second sentence is good, but your first is incorrect for using a 「を」. It\nneeds to be 「が」 just like in your second.\n\nYou could also say:\n\n「もっと良いインターネットがほしいです。」\n\nYour second sentence, while 100% correct, sounds a little bit stiff if you are\nspeaking instead of writing. It just sounds \"translated\" from another\nlanguage.\n\nUsing 「～～がほしいです」 or 「～～がほしいと思{おも}っています」 would sound more natural in informal\noral communication.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T15:26:41.147",
"id": "44830",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T15:26:41.147",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44828",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44828 | null | 44830 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44832",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: A journalist is talking about a murder. A boy and his mother were in\nthe room where a man was killed (actually the boy killed the man, but it is\nnot known yet). The police arrests the mother suspecting she is the killer.\n\n> 男は鈍器で頭部を殴られ死亡。その部屋にいた負傷した少年が **保護されました** が服には男の血が付着しており今も事情を聞いているとのことです。\n\nWhat is the meaning of 保護されました? Does it refer to the child being now under\nprotection? Or does it mean he is being held as a prisoner (into custody) by\nthe police?\n\nIt's not the first time I encounter the term 保護 and don't understand if it\nrefers to protect someone or take someone into custody because he did\nsomething bad, so I would like a specific explanation for this sentence and a\ngeneral explanation of the term 保護. Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T15:18:34.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44829",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T16:12:44.157",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of 保護される in the following sentence",
"view_count": 137
} | [
{
"body": "保護する only means to protect someone/something, and this sentence means the boy\ncame under protection of the police. That is, the police is not seriously\nsuspecting the boy at this point.\n\nTaking someone into custody is 身柄を拘束する ([Meaning and use of\n身柄](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/42264/5010)), 捕らえる【とらえる】,\n捕まえる【つかまえる】, etc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T16:07:26.757",
"id": "44832",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T16:12:44.157",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44829",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44829 | 44832 | 44832 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44842",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can もう be used in instances where a person may be frustrated? I heard the term\nuttered by itself only, but it seemed like the person may have been a little\nupset. I'm not sure of a specific meaning. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T16:36:50.260",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44833",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-18T15:38:49.990",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-25T15:29:44.097",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions",
"interjections"
],
"title": "Can もう be used to express frustration?",
"view_count": 887
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, it can. It is in fact a fairly common way of expressing anger,\nfrustration, disappointment, etc. Female speakers would probably use it\nslightly more often than male speakers.\n\nYou will hear just 「もう！」、「もお！」、「もーお！」, etc. all by themselves, or with a word\nor phrase attached to one of those as in\n「もういや！」、「もういい！」、「もう知{し}らない！」、「もうイチローさんったら！」, etc.\n\nNote: For those who thought 「もういい！」 might have a positive meaning because of\nthe word 「いい」, it does not. It means \"Enough is enough!\"\n\nRead [this Q&A](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/73183/no-your-\ntaste-is-not-good/73186#73186) for the negative meaning of 「いい」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T19:12:38.240",
"id": "44842",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-18T15:38:49.990",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-18T15:38:49.990",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44833",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
]
| 44833 | 44842 | 44842 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44835",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "There are a lot of crazy combinations of English words and translations that\ndon't make sense. Is there a specific term that identifies this?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T16:44:24.767",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44834",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T17:38:07.887",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T17:29:50.833",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning",
"wasei-eigo"
],
"title": "Is there a term for \"English that doesn't make sense\"?",
"view_count": 121
} | [
{
"body": "There is\n[和製英語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A3%BD%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E)\n_wasei eigo_ \"Japanese English\" for pseudo-English Made in Japan, e.g.\nアイスキャンディー _ice candy_ \"popsicle\", etc.\n\nSome relevant links\n\n * [wasei-eigo](/questions/tagged/wasei-eigo \"show questions tagged 'wasei-eigo'\") on Japanese.SE\n * [和製英語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A3%BD%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E) on Japanese Wikipedia\n * [Wasei-eigo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wasei-eigo) on English Wikipedia\n * [List of wasei-eigo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wasei-eigo) on English Wikipedia\n\nThere are also loanwords of Japanese origin (often hybrids from different\nlanguages):\n\n * [和製外来語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A3%BD%E5%A4%96%E6%9D%A5%E8%AA%9E)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T17:26:31.250",
"id": "44835",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T17:38:07.887",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T17:38:07.887",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44834",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44834 | 44835 | 44835 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm looking for a natural expression to introduce myself and the reason I have\ncome to a certain place. In my specific case, I will be going to a school to\nobserve (with an appointment at a specific time), but if I can use this\npattern for more general usage, that would be great.\n\nI am thinking of something along these lines:\n\n```\n\n 僕はスミス・ジョンと申します。見学にまいりました。\n \n```\n\nThis seems simple and safe, but I thought maybe it would be better to join\nthese a single sentence.\n\n```\n\n 僕はスミス・ジョンと申しまして、見学にまいりました。\n \n```\n\n(As a side question, would 〜見学に来ております be more natural sounding?)\n\nAlternatively, I have seen a pattern where information about the person is\nused before their name, as in:\n\n```\n\n 僕は、見学にきた、スミス・ジョンと申します。\n \n```\n\nSomehow saying \"〜に参った\" sounds like it could be misinterpreted so I used \"きた\"\ninstead. But I may be wrong.\n\nIf anyone has any suggestions please let me know.\n\nEDIT: Thinking about this again, I think the \"僕は\" part really isn't needed.\nLet me know if I am right about that.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T17:31:03.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44836",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:30:28.393",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T07:33:45.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11825",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"politeness",
"daily-life"
],
"title": "Natural phrasing when introducing yourself and the reason you are arriving somewhere",
"view_count": 142
} | [
{
"body": "I think you could say...\n\n> 見学に参りました、（ジョン・）スミスと申します。\n\nor maybe...\n\n> X時から見学させていただきます、（ジョン・）スミスと申します。\n\nFor more general usage, how about...\n\n> X時に（見学・面接・面談 etc. の / XX様と）お約束をさせていただいております、（ジョン・）スミスと申します。\n\n* * *\n\n> As a side question, would 〜見学に来ております be more natural sounding?\n\nI think 見学に参りました sounds more natural.\n\n> Thinking about this again, I think the \"僕は\" part really isn't needed.\n\nYou wouldn't need 僕は, but you could use [私]{わたくし} if you wanted to sound\nformal, as in [私]{わたくし}、X時にお約束をさせていただいております、ジョン・スミスと申します。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T08:06:10.077",
"id": "44860",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T08:41:47.917",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T08:41:47.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "44836",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "My standard would be the following (when I visit companies i just omit the 見学\nnount as just say I have the appointment)\n\n> XX時の見学の約束を頂いているスミスと申しますけども\n\nAt which point they should respond with something like お待ちしておりました (we were\nwaiting for you (no negative implication) and give you instructions on what to\ndo next",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T10:30:28.393",
"id": "44865",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:30:28.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44836",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44836 | null | 44865 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm holding my first speech in Japanese tomorrow. Most of it is set and done,\nthe only thing I have a bit difficulty translating properly is how to say\n\"Finally, I'd like to thank _name_ -sensei (my Japanese teacher) for teaching\nme Japanese.\" at the end.\n\nI hope there is someone who can help a lost soul. Thank you very much!\n\n*Currently I've got something like \"Saigo ni, watashi wa _name_ -sensei ni kansha shimasu.\" but I feel it doesn't really fit as a proper ending... (it doesn't have the right \"tone\", doesn't seem like it ends the speech.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T17:38:50.060",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44838",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T04:46:16.807",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "How to properly say \"Finally, I'd like to thank..:\" at the end of a speech?",
"view_count": 1067
} | [
{
"body": "「最後に、私に日本語を教えてくださっている、\"your teacher's name\"先生にお礼を申しあげます。」\n\nSaigo-ni watashi-ni nihongo-o oshiete kudasatte iru \"your teacher's name\"\nsensei-ni orei-o moushi agemasu.\n\nIf your teacher no longer teaches you, you should say\n\n日本語を教えてくださった (past tense) (nihongo-o oshiete kudasatta)\n\nI hope this makes it in time.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T04:46:16.807",
"id": "44858",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T04:46:16.807",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20424",
"parent_id": "44838",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44838 | null | 44858 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44850",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was in a discussion with someone online, and wanted to know if both terms\ncan be used similarly. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T18:19:57.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44839",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-06T16:05:12.293",
"last_edit_date": "2017-07-06T16:05:12.293",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Is there a difference between 出来る and 作る。",
"view_count": 182
} | [
{
"body": "Frankly, I don't see how they can be similar.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T00:21:09.287",
"id": "44850",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T00:21:09.287",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18920",
"parent_id": "44839",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44839 | 44850 | 44850 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> Watashi wa hon o yomeru hayai dekiru. = I can read books quickly.\n\nI know that you can either conjugate the verb to be -eru or -rareru, or you\ncould leave the verb in the plain form and add \"koto ga dekiru\". So, for when\nyou conjugate the verb, do I still add dekiru, or do I take it out? Then will\nthe sentence make sense?\n\nありがとう！",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T18:38:01.520",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44841",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:37:46.190",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-24T19:23:24.197",
"last_editor_user_id": "20418",
"owner_user_id": "20418",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"potential-form"
],
"title": "\"Can do\" Form grammar?",
"view_count": 231
} | [
{
"body": "The possible translations would be:\n\n> * 私は本を速く読める。 \n> Watashi wa hon o hayaku yomeru.\n> * 私は本を速く読むことができる。 \n> Watashi wa hon o hayaku yomu koto ga dekiru.\n>\n\nYou only need one potential expression, just as you only need only one \"can\"\nin English.\n\n\"Hayai dekiru\" is ungrammatical and makes no sense. Do you know how to turn an\nadjective into an adverb (or how to use Japanese adverbs in general?) If not,\nplease read [this](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/complete/adverbs). You\ncertainly need \"quickly\" rather than \"quick\" in this English sentence, don't\nyou? Likewise, you will need 速く (≒quickly), not 速い (≒quick), in your Japanese\ntranslation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T10:37:46.190",
"id": "44867",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:37:46.190",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44841",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44841 | null | 44867 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44845",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently studing from Genki-1 and I would like to know if I understand\nthese sentences correctly, thank you :)\n\nあなたの町に日本のレストランがありますか。- Do you have a Japanese restaurant in your town?\n\nあなたの学校に何がありますか - what do you have in your school?\n\nこの教室にだれがいますか - Who is in that classroom ?\n\nあなたの国に何がありますか - What is in your country?\n\n日曜日に何がありますか - What happens at Sunday?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T20:57:06.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44844",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T21:29:41.213",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9793",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Translating a couple of sentences",
"view_count": 64
} | [
{
"body": "Looks good but i'd make this one change.\n\nこの教室にだれがいますか - Who is in **_this_** classroom ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T21:29:41.213",
"id": "44845",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T21:29:41.213",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44844",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44844 | 44845 | 44845 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know the word 新鮮 means fresh and it is used as a na-adjective like for\nexample a fresh salad (新鮮な野菜サラダ)\n\nHowever I've recently seen it used in the following short sentence:\n\n> あわててるリサさんって新鮮…！\n\nIt doesn't seem to be used as an adjective, so I'm confused about what it's\ndoing here.\n\nAnd here's some context:\n\n> Group of friends are hanging out together A: \"リサ…you didn't invite me to the\n> party…does this mean you hate me!? B: \"of course she hates you, how can\n> anyone like a weirdo like you~!\" リサ: Tries to diffuse the situation and says\n> \"No, no you've got it all wrong I don't hate you! Please there's a\n> reasonable explanation as to why you didn't receive an invitation!\" C: takes\n> a photograph of them with her camera and says - \"あわててるリサさんって新鮮…！\"\n\nIs 新鮮 an expression of some sort then? Perhaps referring to how C just took a\n'fresh' photo? Like how we say \"hot off the press\" in English? Or does it\nstill retain the meaning of \"fresh\" and she's just omitting the noun that 新鮮\nis describing?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T22:49:04.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44847",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T23:47:22.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20419",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Can the word 新鮮 be used as an expression?",
"view_count": 152
} | [
{
"body": "In plain Japanese it's 慌てているリサさんは新鮮だ (lit. \"Flustrated Lisa is fresh.\")。って\nworks as an emphatic topic marker (see: [Replacing は with\nって](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/39667/5010)). This 新鮮 _is_ a na-\nadjective (aka descriptive noun), and だ after 新鮮 is omitted (see: [what\nexactly is \"体言止{たいげんど}め\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14524/5010) ).\nHere 新鮮 means something like \"new (to me) and surprising.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-24T23:47:22.250",
"id": "44848",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-24T23:47:22.250",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44847",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44847 | null | 44848 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My last name/surname is West. Can I just write it as the kanji 西 _nishi_? It\nmeans West but it's also a last name. If not, how do you write West in\nkatakana?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T00:24:50.987",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44851",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T19:37:06.557",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T17:10:38.543",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "20421",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"katakana",
"names",
"culture"
],
"title": "Can I use 西 as my last name",
"view_count": 886
} | [
{
"body": "Depends on what you mean by \"use\".\n\nIn any legal or formal circumstances, **absolutely no chance**. Your family\nname will be 「ウエスト」 or 「ウェスト」 with a small 「ェ」.\n\n<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88>\n\nIf you ever become a Japanese citizen, however, you will be permitted to\nchange your name from 「ウエスト」 to 「西」 if that is what you still desire then.\n\nIf you are just visiting Japan and want to use the family name 「西」 **among\nyour friends** while there, then basically no one would stop you from doing\nthat. **It would be understood as a kind of humor more than anything**. In\nthat case, naturally, your foreign resident card will **NOT** say your name is\n「西」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T02:01:27.683",
"id": "44854",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T02:59:44.610",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T02:59:44.610",
"last_editor_user_id": "9971",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44851",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "\"West\" would usually be transcribed ウエスト or ウェスト (with the second _kana_ the\nusual size or small).\n\nI have seen people \"translate\" their surnames into Japanese, like\n\n> Silver → 白金【シルバー】\n\nand print them onto business cards, but together with their actual name and\nwith a transcription in _katakana_.\n\nHowever, unless you become a Japanese citizen, you have no \"Japanese name\".\nYour 外国人登録証明書 (Alien Registration Card) will contain your name in _rōmaji_\nunless you can show that your legal name is written with _kanji_ , for example\nif you are Chinese. (These _kanji_ need to belong to [this extensive\nlist](http://www.immi-moj.go.jp/topics/pdf/honbun.pdf).)\n\nMoreover, if you are a mid-to-long-term resident and you can show that you are\nbeing disadvantaged (e.g. discriminated against) because of your _rōmaji_\nname, the Minister of Justice may approve of replacing the _rōmaji_ with\nappropriate _kanji_ or _kana_.\n\n>\n> ただし，ローマ字により氏名を表記することにより中長期在留者が著しい不利益を被るおそれがあることその他の特別の事情があると法務大臣が認めるときは，ローマ字に代えて，当該漢字又は当該漢字及び仮名を使用した氏名を表記することができます。\n>\n> _Source:_ [法務省 入国管理局 (Immigration Bureau of Japan)](http://www.immi-\n> moj.go.jp/newimmiact_1/q-and-a_page2.html)\n\nIn both cases the burden of proof lies with you, so getting a Japanese name is\ncertainly not automatic.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T17:05:01.590",
"id": "44875",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T19:37:06.557",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44851",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44851 | null | 44854 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44861",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a question about conditionals and assumptions. Please consider the\nfollowing simple situation:\n\n> Person A: You're very good at Japanese.\n>\n> Person B: **If that is so** , it's all thanks to my teacher.\n\nI would like to know **the most natural way (or ways) to say \"If that is\nso.\"** I considered several combinations. Could someone please **address each\nor some of them and explain if any are acceptable or unacceptable**. If none\nof these are appropriate, could someone please provide a better alternative? I\nincluded my reasoning to demonstrate that I thought about the topic. Feel free\nto point out flaws in it or even ignore it completely if it's easier.\n\n 1. **そうなら(or だったら)** 先生のおかげですから。 \nI thought なら might work since なら can be used to create a conditional with a\n\"given this circumstance\" implication. \"Given that it is so...\" I think this\nslightly changes the meaning but perhaps it is appropriate nevertheless. \n \n\n 2. **そうだとしたら**...。 \nThis was my original idea before I started questioning myself. I reasoned that\n\"If it is so...\" is actually an assumption, so a とする expression would be\nappropriate. But then I hesitated because nothing I could find on とする\nsuggested it could be used this way. It seems to me, in the most abstract\nsense, とする restricts the universe of conversation and what follows is an\nimplication of that restriction. Consequently, I'm not sure \"it's all thanks\nto...\" would work with this pattern since it is not an implication. Please\nignore the previous 2 sentences if they don't make sense and are hindering an\nanswer... \n \n\n 3. **そうだとすれば**...。 \nI do not expect this to be correct but it's more of an instinct I have on the\nuse of えば when referring to things in the past rather than understanding so\nI'd appreciate an explanation if it's easy. \n \n\n 4. **そうだとすると**...。 \nI understand the と creates a definite conditional in the sense that, \"if A\nhappens, B will happen also as a matter of course.\" So I strongly suspect that\nthis is not proper.\n\n 5. **そういうなら**...。 \nI think this would create an expression along the lines of \"Given that it is\nas you say...\" which I guess might be more appropriate since Person A is in\nclaiming something.\n\n 6. **そういうとしたら**...。 \nCombination of 2 and 5.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T03:05:09.390",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44856",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T09:00:22.700",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "3296",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "とする versus なら (and other confusion)",
"view_count": 264
} | [
{
"body": "Among them, 3.そうだとすれば is the most natural and automatically 2.そうだとしたら is the\nmost natural too. 1.そうなら or そうだったら are good. 4.そうだとすると is ok.\n\n**Edit** : If you choose between 2 and 3, 2.そうだとしたら is more colloquial and can\nexpress the nuance of \"chances are\".\n\n5.そういうなら and 6.そういうとしたら mean \"if you say so\", not \"if it's as you say\", which\nwould be （もし、あなたの）言うとおりなら.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T08:48:46.543",
"id": "44861",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T09:00:22.700",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T09:00:22.700",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "44856",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44856 | 44861 | 44861 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw this in news: アパートで、３０前後と見られ男性が血まみれで、死亡しているところとが見つかれました。\n\nCan anyone explain what is the use of とが in this sentence, and maybe provide\nsome examples?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T03:43:06.950",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44857",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-25T17:04:05.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18940",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-が",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "meaning of とが in this sentence",
"view_count": 439
} | [
{
"body": "I think 「アパートで、３０前後と見られ **る** 男性が、血まみれで死亡している **のが 見つかり** ました。」 is correct.\n\n**の** is almost the same as **こと** , and **が** is a particle which follows a\nsubject.\n\nWhen **の/こと** follows an adjective or a verb, they change to a noun.\n\n死亡している (dead) : adjective\n\n死亡している **こと** (to be dead) : noun\n\n読む (read) : verb\n\n読む **こと** (to read) : noun\n\nRegarding the difference of の and こと, when the main verb of the sentence is a\nperceptive verb like _see, hear, know, etc._ , **の** is used very often.\n\n⭕ 彼が踊る **の** を見た (I saw him dancing.)\n\n❌ 彼が踊る **こと** を見た",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T06:07:53.017",
"id": "44859",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T06:22:02.657",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T06:22:02.657",
"last_editor_user_id": "20424",
"owner_user_id": "20424",
"parent_id": "44857",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44857 | null | 44859 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44863",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to romanjidesu.com, \"っぺ\" is a familiar suffix used after a personal\nname. What level of relationship is necessary to use this? Is this similar\nwith adding -y in the name of the person? Example: Mike -> Mikey?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T09:07:30.907",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44862",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-02T02:58:45.853",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-02T02:58:45.853",
"last_editor_user_id": "20375",
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"suffixes"
],
"title": "What is the English equivalent of \"~っぺ\"?",
"view_count": 219
} | [
{
"body": "I would be shocked if there were an English equivalent of 「っぺ」.\n\nThe closest (which is not even so close) that I could think of would be \"-ie\",\n\"-y\", etc. with which you just add an extra **_vowel_** to a name or nickname.\n\nWhat is strikingly different in Japanese name suffixes is the fact that they\nadd whole new **_consonants_** as well as vowels -- 「っぺ」、「たん」、「ぴー」、「ぴょん」, etc.\n\nI would imagine that an English speaker would feel more than strange if\nsomeone called him with an whole new extra syllable attached to his name\ninstead of just \"-ie\" or \"-y\". I would not even know how you would decide on\nwhat new consonants to use.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T09:36:15.957",
"id": "44863",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T14:07:19.430",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T14:07:19.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44862",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44862 | 44863 | 44863 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44869",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What dialect is それはねぇべ （それはないだろう）?\n\nIt seems I hear it a lot from people from Chiba. Is it from a specific part of\nChiba or even a wider area?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T10:35:26.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44866",
"last_activity_date": "2020-06-10T01:48:05.870",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-10T01:48:05.870",
"last_editor_user_id": "19278",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"dialects",
"auxiliaries",
"modality"
],
"title": "What dialect is ！〜べ?",
"view_count": 1213
} | [
{
"body": "It's widely used in Kanto and Tohoku regions to a varying degree. Stereotyped\nTohoku dialect uses っぺ instead of べ(ー), though.\n\n> ###\n> [東京方言](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80#.E8.A1.A8.E7.8F.BE)\n>\n>\n> 伝統的な関東方言・東北方言では意思・同意・推量の語尾は「べ（え）」であり、「行くべ」や「これだべ」「これだんべ」「これだっぺ」などと言うが、東京方言では「行こう」や「これだろ（う）」と言う。「う・よう」の使用が広まる以前は江戸でも「べ（え）」を多用し、当時上方の人間から「関東べい」と呼ばれていた。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T10:49:07.757",
"id": "44869",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T10:49:07.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44866",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
]
| 44866 | 44869 | 44869 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44872",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the terms いい and よい and wanted to determine if there is a word\nused to describe two words that have the same meaning, but a preference for\none. Thank you.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T14:17:00.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44871",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T13:22:36.890",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T13:22:36.890",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Is there a term for two words that mean the same thing, but a preference for one?",
"view_count": 141
} | [
{
"body": "「同意語{どういご}」 or 「類義語{るいぎご}」 will do.\n\nThese, however, are not necessarily everyone's everyday, household words.\nThose who are not too keen on Language in general might not recognize them\nunless they are written out. In that case, you could use:\n\n「同{おな}じ意味{いみ}の（ふたつの）言葉{ことば}」\n\nSwitch 「言葉」 to 「単語{たんご}」 and it will sound more technical/academic.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T14:36:09.007",
"id": "44872",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T14:36:09.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44871",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44871 | 44872 | 44872 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44874",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For this question, I mean 結構 in the sense of 'no thanks.'\n\nSo if I were to say 結構です informally, it would be 結構. And if I wanted to sound\nmore strong about it, I would add もう in front of 結構 so it'd be もう結構? But is\nthere other ways to say this, maybe more gentler? Perhaps like:すみませんがもう結構です or\nごめんがもう結構?\n\nAnd for 結構, is there any restrictions on how I use it? Like I can use it to\nrefuse food or drinks, but is there anything that I can't use it to refuse?\n\nThanks so much in advance, and if I need to further clarify anything, please\nlet me know.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T14:48:53.730",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44873",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T02:53:46.043",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19873",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"politeness"
],
"title": "Alternate ways to say 結構です?",
"view_count": 2036
} | [
{
"body": "The general trend here in Japan is that we have been using 「結構{けっこう}です」 less\noften every decade. People, unless they are very old, tend to use\n「大丈夫{だいじょうぶ}です」 to mean \"No thanks!\" nowadays. Saying 「結構です」 is still legal,\nthough.\n\nIf you said just 「結構」 without 「です」 informally or formally, you **_could_**\nsound pretty rude if you want to know the truth. I cannot recommend it at all\n**unless you are an old master of some sort talking to your young disciple**.\nIf you said that in a restaurant or shop, the whole place would fall into a\nsilence for a few seconds.\n\nYou will often hear us say:\n\n「あ、もう大丈夫/結構です。」,\n\n「もう大丈夫/結構です。どうも。」, etc.\n\nin restaurants when the server asks you, for instance, if you want more\ncoffee.\n\nFinally, it is neither grammatical nor natural to say:\n\n「ごめん **が** もう結構。」 even if you added 「です」. We just do not say 「ごめん **が** 」 in\nany situation. Instead, you can say:\n\n「ごめんなさい、 **でも** もう結構です。」\n\n(「すみません **が** もう結構です。」 is just fine.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T15:27:34.397",
"id": "44874",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T16:39:19.177",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-25T16:39:19.177",
"last_editor_user_id": "9971",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44873",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "First off, 結構です is a very useful phrase that you can use almost anywhere to\nanyone.\n\nBut when you talk with people you know, 結構です sounds too rigid and should be\nrephrased. It sounds too polite when you use it to communicate with friends,\nit sounds too polite and might indicate you are putting distance between you\nand your friend (such as if they did something to offend you).\n\n * If I were very upset, I would say \"要らん!/要らない!\"\n * If I were a little irritated, I would say \"もういい\"\n * If I would like to be unfriendly, I would say \"間に合ってます\"\n * If I were his friend, I would use \"あまり興味ない/どっちでもいい/どうでもいい/今はいい/また今度/それはいいわ\" and etc.\n * If I would like to be very polite as a Royal family, \"もう充分いただきました\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T10:48:30.253",
"id": "44892",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T02:53:46.043",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T02:53:46.043",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44873",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44873 | 44874 | 44874 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44878",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Does it mean a sandy marshy area by a river? Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T20:00:57.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44877",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T20:30:07.153",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What does 具志川mean?",
"view_count": 98
} | [
{
"body": "It's a name of place,\n[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gushikawa,_Okinawa.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gushikawa,_Okinawa)\n\n具志 is a famous okinawan name, it means \"Back side shape of\nbuilding/architecture\" in okinawan.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-25T20:30:07.153",
"id": "44878",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-25T20:30:07.153",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44877",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44877 | 44878 | 44878 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44880",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the sentence\n\n> 男に突然声をかけられた \n> 駅までの道を知りたいらしい\n\nI interpret this to mean \"I yelled at the man so loud as if I wanted it to\nreach all the way to the station\"\n\nIs my translation correct? Why is the potential form of かける used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T00:04:31.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44879",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T12:38:37.433",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T12:38:37.433",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "19772",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs",
"conjugations"
],
"title": "Usage of potential form of かける",
"view_count": 194
} | [
{
"body": "It's not the potential form, it's the passive form (which takes the same\nstructure).\n\n> I/he was suddenly approached by a man (called at) ....\n\nOn a different point, as the first half the sentence the second half should be\ntoo. (The sentence is still otherwise somewhat unnatural though)\n\n> 男に突然声をかけられた 駅までの道を知りた **かった** らしい",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T00:08:46.767",
"id": "44880",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T05:20:45.390",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T05:20:45.390",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44879",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44879 | 44880 | 44880 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44884",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the correct Kanji for かける in お手数をかける or 面倒をかける?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T02:25:06.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44882",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T03:03:09.557",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T03:03:09.557",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Which Kanji for お手数をかける",
"view_count": 66
} | [
{
"body": "both 手数を/面倒を 掛ける\n\nThis Kakeru means \"put something onto\" So the whole thing can be translated,\nput the bother/trouble on you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T02:42:02.317",
"id": "44884",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T02:42:02.317",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44882",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44882 | 44884 | 44884 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44885",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What is the difference between ご迷惑{めいわく}をかけた and お騒がせ{おさわがせ}しました?\n\nThey both seem to mean that one has caused inconvenience.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T02:27:02.513",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44883",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T11:35:17.227",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T11:35:17.227",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 迷惑をかけた and お騒がせしました?",
"view_count": 522
} | [
{
"body": "迷惑をかけた or ご迷惑をお掛けしました sounds really you are apologizing. \"I am sorry for\nbothering (the trouble upon) you.\"\n\nお騒がせしました has a soft way of begging pardon, \"Sorry about the mess/noise.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T02:45:26.403",
"id": "44885",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T03:53:50.640",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T03:53:50.640",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44883",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "騒ぐ originally means \"to make a noise\", \"to rant\". So you can only use お騒がせした\nwhen you \"made a fuss\". For example, if someone didn't reply to an important\nemail for a long time, that thing itself would be 迷惑をかけた but not お騒がせした. But\nif his/her laziness visibly caused a lot of trouble, it could be called\nお騒がせした.\n\nご迷惑をおかけしました and お騒がせしました both work as an implicit and indirect apology, but\nusually it's better to add 申し訳ありません or something similar.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T03:00:43.107",
"id": "44886",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T03:00:43.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44883",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44883 | 44885 | 44886 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44890",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Supposing I wanted to say \"I see the fireworks at the summer festival\". Would\nthis be:\n\n> 夏{なつ}祭{まつ}り **で** 花{はな}火{び}を見{み}ます。\n\nor\n\n> 夏祭り **に** 花火を見ます。\n\nIf both are correct, how does the meaning differ between each?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T04:56:06.287",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44888",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T13:58:28.777",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T13:58:28.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "18852",
"owner_user_id": "18852",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"particle-に",
"particle-で",
"sentence"
],
"title": "で or に: how does the meaning of a sentence change?",
"view_count": 216
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, both are correct.\n\nThe differences are:\n\n 1. 夏祭りに花火を見ます This is a regular phrase for \"I'll watch the fireworks at the summer festival.\"\n 2. 夏祭りで花火を見ます This would stress **at**. It has a nuance that \"I have many chances to watch the fireworks but I will watch them at the summer festival.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T05:09:00.210",
"id": "44890",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T05:09:00.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44888",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Both are correct, but my reasoning will differ from @S.Wakisaka's.\n\n「夏祭り **で** 花火を見る」 treats the summer festival as a **spatial point (location)**\nfor watching fireworks.\n\n「夏祭り **に** 花火を見る」 treats the summer festival as a **temporal point (timing)**\nfor watching fireworks.\n\nStarting around 0:25 in the video below, hear this singer say 「秋祭{あきまつ}り **に**\n買{か}った指輪{ゆびわ}、小指{こゆび}にしています」.\n\n<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jdlj7fXtFyg>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T05:42:49.463",
"id": "44891",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T12:18:27.873",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T12:18:27.873",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44888",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 44888 | 44890 | 44891 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44914",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I want to determine the difference between kana and desuka. I was able to\ntranslate them as \"How are you.\" Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T12:12:54.467",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44895",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T00:33:12.683",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T13:15:14.950",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the difference between genkikana and genkidesuka?",
"view_count": 792
} | [
{
"body": "\"Genki desuka\" is a polite way of \"Genki kana\".\n\n\"-desuka\" is keigo (敬語).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T14:25:46.670",
"id": "44899",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T14:25:46.670",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20424",
"parent_id": "44895",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -4
},
{
"body": "First, [かな](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%AA) is a sentence-end\nparticle that means \"I wonder ...\", \"..., right?\" or \"I hope ...\". In other\nwords, ～かな questions are usually directed **to yourself** , although there can\nbe a listener.\n\nAsking someone else using かな is common when an adult asks a small kid.\n\n> * ○○ちゃんはいくつかな？ \n> How old are you, ○○-chan?\n> * ひとり？ パパかママはどこにいるのかな？ \n> Are you alone? Where is your mom or dad?\n>\n\nIn Japanese, an adult tend to choose words from the viewpoint of the kid. Have\nyou heard people use ママ/パパ instead of \"I\", 僕 instead of \"you\", and such? It's\ndiscussed [here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/25947/5010),\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24867/5010) and\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6410/5010). So these ～かな questions\nare said as if the adult were at the kid's viewpoint.\n\nLikewise, saying \"元気かな?\" directly to someone is acceptable basically only when\nyou talk to a kid. Additionally, if you are far higher and older than the\nlistener -- say, if you are 60 and the listener is 20, you might use 元気かな\nwithout offending them.\n\nBut it's totally fine to say 元気かな referring to someone who is not present:\n\n> * 彼とはもう2年会ってない。元気かな。 \n> I haven't seen him for two years. I wonder if he's doing fine.\n>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:33:12.683",
"id": "44914",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T00:33:12.683",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44895",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44895 | 44914 | 44914 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44940",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I usually see the word written in katakana, although a kanji term is\navailable, and wanted to know the reason.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T13:30:58.877",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44898",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-27T16:43:15.910",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-27T16:43:15.910",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"katakana",
"orthography"
],
"title": "Why is ダメ written most commonly in katakana?",
"view_count": 2535
} | [
{
"body": "Do you mean you think it should be written in kanji? Or katakana?\n\nだめ is a Japanese-origin word. It's written as 駄目 in kanji, and this is a mixed\non-kun compound. Almost all adults understand 駄目 written in kanji.\n\nIt's often written in hiragana or katakana because its kanji are relatively\ndifficult and unrelated to the current main meaning of 駄目. See [my previous\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/15102/5010) for details and\nsimilar examples.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T23:50:42.800",
"id": "44911",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T23:50:42.800",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:43.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44898",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "だめ in the sense of \"no good\", \"not allowed\", etc. derives from 駄目, which is a\nterm from 囲碁 _igo_ \"Go\" (the game).\n\nThis derivative meaning may also be written as 駄目 (both characters are _jōyō\nkanji_ ). However, it appears more frequent in _kana_. The frequencies are\ngiven as follows:\n\n```\n\n ダメ 5279 44%\n だめ 4247 35%\n 駄目 2565 21%\n \n```\n\n_Katakana_ are often used for emphasis, or simply for using a different script\nin order to make the word visually distinct from the rest of the sentence\n(which might be in _hiragana_ as in これはダメです).\n\nIn any case, _kana_ are far more common. One reason might be that ダメ・だめ are\nused for the derivative meaning of \"no good\" or \"not allowed\" to distinguish\nit from the literal (game of Go) meaning, which would primarily be written 駄目.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T10:27:32.320",
"id": "44940",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T10:27:32.320",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "44898",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44898 | 44940 | 44940 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "There is a Netflix series called 野武士のグルメ and translated as Samurai Gourmet. I\nknow there's an adaptation because many places outside Japan knows the Samurai\nword.\n\nIs these words in Japanese interchangeable? Which is usual to use?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T17:18:25.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44901",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T23:08:28.067",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T23:08:28.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "7341",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"usage",
"nuances"
],
"title": "野武士 and 侍 interchangeability",
"view_count": 473
} | [
{
"body": "侍 is a 武士 who has loyalty to a lord while 野武士 is one that doesn't have that\nrelationship. So they are basically not interchangeable.\n\nThat said, it's not impossible to figuratively use 侍 to refer to those people.\n(武士 is called samurai in English, which looks a constant figurative use of the\nword from a Japanese point of view.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T21:38:40.433",
"id": "44908",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T21:38:40.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "44901",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Here 野 is a character that means \"stray\", \"wild\" or \"feral\". 野武士 (aka 野伏)\nrefers to unofficial worriers who were more like guerrillas or bandits (and\nsometimes mercenaries) in modern terms. It's not interchangeable with proper\n武士 who belonged to the noble class.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T23:03:52.477",
"id": "44910",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T23:03:52.477",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44901",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44901 | null | 44910 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44906",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Which of these expresses the meaning \"軽い勉強\"?\n\n 1. \"軽い勉強\" is really **not** a natural word pairing. \"軽い勉強\" just sounds weird?\n 2. \"皆んなは電子辞書によって漢字を調べるので、部首の勉強は軽い勉強になっています。\" \n(Because people these days use electronic dictionaries to look-up kanji,\nstudying radicals is _not important_.)\n\n 3. \"その新発売のアプリを使えば、部首の勉強は軽くなります。\" \n(If you use that new application, the study of radicals _becomes much easier_\nto do.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T18:38:21.017",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44904",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T21:05:04.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19942",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Does \"軽い勉強\" mean \"studies that are not important\" or \"studies that are easy\"?",
"view_count": 158
} | [
{
"body": "軽い勉強 is not an unnatural expression and it usually means something that's not\nnecessarily supposed to be a study but virtually functions as a kind of study,\nor a handy and partial learning exercise, which are synonymous to ちょっとした勉強.\n\nその新発売のアプリを使えば部首の勉強は軽くなる is OK, though it's better to say 手軽｛てがる｝になる instead\nbecause 勉強が軽くなる could mean that the study would be shallow or not enough.\n\n~~皆んなは~~ みんな (or 皆｛みな｝) 電子辞書で ~~によって~~ 漢字を調べるので部首の勉強は軽い勉強になっている can only be\ninterpreted as \"studying radicals is not enough because people look them up in\nelectronic dictionaries\". (If you really understand what は after みんな mean,\nignore my correction.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T21:05:04.563",
"id": "44906",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T21:05:04.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "44904",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 44904 | 44906 | 44906 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44907",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In Shiina Ringo's song 「長く短い祭」 (Nagaku Mijikai Matsuri), she sing the\nfollowing line :\n\n> 忘るまじ、我らの夏を\n\nI already knew the word 「まじ」 as in \"seriously\", but I found two different\ntranslations of the sentence on the internet, more or less professional, that\ntranslate it as :\n\n> Our summer won't be forgotten\n\nand\n\n> We're seriously losing our summer\n\nI did not know that it could be used as \"will not\" or \"must not\" and would\nlike to know if it was the right translation in this context.\n\nHere is the link for the song : <https://youtu.be/n9J4XGey-z8>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T19:53:19.633",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44905",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T21:11:11.037",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18641",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "「まじ」as \"will not\"",
"view_count": 581
} | [
{
"body": "Auxiliary まじ stands for either negative conjecture (\"must not\") or negative\nvolition (\"will not\"). So, 忘るまじ、我らの夏を means either \"we won't forget our\nsummer\" or \"we mustn't forget our summer\", but never \"we're seriously losing\nour summer\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T21:11:11.037",
"id": "44907",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-26T21:11:11.037",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "44905",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44905 | 44907 | 44907 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "So I'm trying to learn a song at the moment (good way to stay motivated c: )\nand they use the phrase 「君の好きなところ」 which translates to \"What I like about\nyou\", but I don't understand why the word ところ is used since it means \"place\"\nor \"spot\". Can anyone help out or give a more direct translation of the\nsentence so it makes a bit more sense please?\n\nMuch appreciated :)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-26T22:08:39.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44909",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T03:20:49.770",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-26T23:23:31.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "20437",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Need help with ところ in 君の好きなところ",
"view_count": 126
} | []
| 44909 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44922",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Can the following expression be used to express shock of person's actions or\nstatements:\n\n> 気が変になったか。\n\nWhat are the equivalents to \"Are you nuts?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:23:30.267",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44912",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T01:09:15.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"slang",
"colloquial-language"
],
"title": "How to say \"Are you nuts?\"",
"view_count": 695
} | [
{
"body": "I am not sure how much used is 気が変. But I have personally never heard it.\n\nThe most accurate expression I can think of now would be :\n\n> 頭がおかしい\n\nYou could also use :\n\n> 馬鹿{ばか} - 阿呆{あほう}\n\nWhich are useful to express shock after someone do something dangerous or\nstupid.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T01:02:59.523",
"id": "44920",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T01:02:59.523",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18142",
"parent_id": "44912",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "「気{き}が変{へん}になったか。」 makes sense and it is not bad at all, but that plain\nか-ending makes it sound a little stiff.\n\nYou could say:\n\n「正気{しょうき}で言{い}ってるの？」\n\n「頭{あたま}おかしいんじゃない？」\n\n「気が狂{くる}っちゃったんじゃないの？」\n\n「気は確{たし}か（なの）？」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T01:09:15.417",
"id": "44922",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T01:09:15.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44912",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44912 | 44922 | 44922 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44916",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is there any difference in usage between **気{き}が向{む}く** and **気がする**?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:32:45.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44913",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T04:53:42.563",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T04:53:42.563",
"last_editor_user_id": "19357",
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"pragmatics"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 気が向く and 気がする?",
"view_count": 483
} | [
{
"body": "Both can be translated as \"feel like\", but they are totally different.\n\n`気が向く` is \"to feel like doing it\", describing someone's volition or intention.\n\n> * 気が向いたら読んでください。 Please read it if you like to.\n> * うーん、どうも気が向かない。 Hmm, somehow I don't feel like doing it.\n>\n\n`Verb/adjective + 気がする` is \"to feel ～\", describing someone's sense or\nintuition.\n\n> * 難しい本のような気がする。 I feel it's a difficult book.\n> * 何かが足りない気がします。 I feel like something is lacking.\n>\n\n**EDIT:** 気がする can also mean \"feel like doing\", especially in negative\nsentences.\n\n> * 食べる気がしない。 I don't feel like eating it.\n>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:41:10.467",
"id": "44916",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T03:46:26.400",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T03:46:26.400",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44913",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 44913 | 44916 | 44916 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44919",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Does 店番{みせばん} have the same meaning as 店員{てんいん}? Can these words be used\ninterchangeably?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:37:53.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44915",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T01:14:19.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-usage"
],
"title": "店番 vs. 店員 - are these synonymous?",
"view_count": 78
} | [
{
"body": "店員 is a primary term for clerks of stores of any size. Workers at convenience\nstores and supermarkets are typical 店員.\n\n店番 is someone who looks after a small shop alone while the owner is away. 番 is\na kanji that means _watch_ , _keeper_ or _lookout_. 店番 usually sell items like\nregular clerks, but they don't necessarily do so. Even a child or [a\ndog](http://bungalowmag.jp/14301) can be a 店番 (of course this is not common).\nAt least in modern Japanese, 店番 doesn't refer to store clerks in general.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:57:46.640",
"id": "44919",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T01:14:19.550",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T01:14:19.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44915",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 44915 | 44919 | 44919 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is 随時{ずいじ} used to express **anytime** like いつでも?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T00:45:35.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44917",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-29T02:24:41.503",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage",
"pragmatics"
],
"title": "Anytime: 随時 vs. 何時でも",
"view_count": 1362
} | [
{
"body": "The words are actually quite different in their nuances: (and consequently not\ninterchangeable)\n\n * 随時 - as required (e.g. 随時更新します - I will update as required (as things change)) \n * いつでも - at any time (e.g. いつでも来てください - Come whenever you like)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T01:07:58.883",
"id": "44921",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-29T02:24:41.503",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-29T02:24:41.503",
"last_editor_user_id": "1805",
"owner_user_id": "1805",
"parent_id": "44917",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44917 | null | 44921 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I lack in ways to express the idea that something is overhyped, overrated, has\nan overestimated value.\n\nWhat I’d like to say is that a restaurant/place/book/movie/idea is advertised\nor promoted to excess, that even though it’s not _that_ bad, it does not live\nup to its legend.\n\nThe translation should not be too ‘negative’ because when you say that a movie\nwas overhyped it does not necessarily imply that it is a bad movie; it could\neven be a pretty OK movie depending on the context.\n\nI know 過大評価 (an overestimation) so I thought of 過大評価される, but can it be used in\nthis context? My gut feeling is that this word is meant to be used in such\nsentences as _I overestimated the value of this car_ or something like this.\nAnd this word is a bit long anyway.\n\nIn case some exemple sentences are required, here are some:\n\n> 名古屋城 is a nice castle indeed but it is vastly overhyped as far as I’m\n> concerned.\n>\n> This is the most overrated book of the XXth century. _(Real sentence I just\n> read in a press article.)_\n>\n> _No Man’s Sky_ is not a bad game, but it was so overhyped that people\n> couldn’t help but be disappointed.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T02:55:36.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44924",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T04:13:00.797",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "How to say that something is overrated, overhyped",
"view_count": 1227
} | [
{
"body": "過大評価 is a very common phrase, and you can safely use it in casual\nconversations despite its length. You can use it with your three examples. You\ncan also use 持ち上げる (\"to raise; to hype\") and say 持ち上げられすぎている, 過度に持ち上げられている,\netc.\n\nIn your _No Man's Sky_ example, you are referring to the expectation prior to\nthe release rather than the post-release evaluation. In case you don't feel 評価\nis the best word, you can say 期待されすぎた, 過度に期待された, or 期待が高すぎた instead.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T03:38:53.163",
"id": "44926",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T03:38:53.163",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "44924",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "For alternative words/phrases of the word of 過大評価 'overrated/hyped'\n\nCasual\n\n行き過ぎ/言い過ぎ/やり過ぎ/盛りすぎ/褒めすぎ じゃない？ (often with ちょっと)\n\n話を盛る/水増しする/大袈裟に言う/褒めちぎる _use with passive/present progressive form_\n\nIndirect or cynic,\n\n飾りが多い/話が上手いね/よく出来てるね\n\nFormal\n\n(少し)買いかぶっている\n\nI think still many other ways.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T03:43:19.450",
"id": "44927",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T04:13:00.797",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T04:13:00.797",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44924",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 44924 | null | 44926 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44936",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Let's say you're at the barber shop and he's using his mirror to show you how\nyour hair looks like after he's done cutting it, what would be the appropriate\nand natural way to say \"It looks good (thank you)\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T05:38:46.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44928",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T08:27:54.510",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20411",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"spoken-language"
],
"title": "Proper way to say \"it looks good\"",
"view_count": 14870
} | [
{
"body": "It would depend on your personality and your degree of satisfaction.\n\nMe, and the majority of people would probably answer :\n\n> 大丈夫です\n\nWhen asked\n\n> どうですか？\n\nAnother way to say it looks good is\n\n> よさそう\n\nIf you are upbeat and expressive, you could say something like :\n\n> いいですね！",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T05:48:35.957",
"id": "44929",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T06:28:18.777",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T06:28:18.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "18142",
"owner_user_id": "18142",
"parent_id": "44928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It's really up to your flavor or your cup of tea. According to your words: It\nlooks good (this sounds you are not going to compliment or denounce him.)\n\n * こんな/いい 感じ\n\n * 決まりましたね\n\n * バッチリです (I have no idea where this word came from, but it means 'perfect')\n\n * 上出来/上等 (Compare to my face, haircut is way too good, a little humble)\n\nThese are appropriate for a normal and casual relation with the barber.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T06:41:39.440",
"id": "44930",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T06:41:39.440",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "My observation from having been to the barber a few hundred times in Japan\nsince birth, People would rarely, if not never, say anything so unique or\nlengthy in that situation. Most would just say:\n\n「これでいいです。」\n\n「いいです。」\n\n「オッケーです。」\n\n「大丈夫{だいじょうぶ}です。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:27:54.510",
"id": "44936",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T08:27:54.510",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44928",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44928 | 44936 | 44936 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44932",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm writing a formal essay and I need to use what's equivalent of 〜そうです for\n\"seems like\"\n\nPlease help Thanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T06:58:14.087",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44931",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T08:41:14.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "13908",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What's a formal way of saying \"seems like\"?",
"view_count": 834
} | [
{
"body": "You could use:\n\n「～～と推測{すいそく}される」\n\n「～～と/～～のように思{おも}われる/思える」\n\n「～～と/～～のように見{み}える」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:07:14.880",
"id": "44932",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T08:41:14.417",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T08:41:14.417",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44931",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 44931 | 44932 | 44932 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "44934",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/lXbCS.jpg)\n\nI know it says \"karate do\" in the middle. what about first two and the last\n\nI get \"karate do\" from this reference <http://isami-\neng.com/images/example/b/e4.html>\n\nPlease! anyone?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:09:10.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44933",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T09:06:00.340",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20446",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "what does it say on this karate belt?",
"view_count": 127
} | [
{
"body": "> I know it says \"karate do\" in the middle.\n\nNo, it does not.\n\nIt says:\n\n> [国際]{こくさい}[空手]{からて}[連盟]{れんめい}\n\n\"Do\" is「道」. This one is 「連」.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:13:53.513",
"id": "44934",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-27T09:06:00.340",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T09:06:00.340",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44933",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 44933 | 44934 | 44934 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw a dakuten used on a る, but it doesn't seem to exist in basic rules. My\nassumption is it's some sort of slang or implied definition as opposed to\n\"proper\" Japanese (it was in a manga). Does anyone know the meaning?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:21:59.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "44935",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-16T23:16:13.397",
"last_edit_date": "2017-03-27T08:53:07.747",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "20445",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "Dakuten on る character",
"view_count": 2147
} | [
{
"body": "Japanese is a highly \"playable\" language both in spoken and written forms.\n\n「る゛」 would just ”mean” the same thing as the regular 「る」 but with some kind of\n**emphasis, exclamation, emotionality** , etc. intended by the author added.\nAs a manga reader, you can pronounce 「る゛」 as 「る」 because there is no \"official\npronunciation\" for 「る゛」.\n\nThis can be said about any kana with 「゛」 found in manga, excluding the ones\nthat actually exist in regular writing.\n\nHere, the hero shouts 「ゆ゛る゛さ゛ん゛！！」 and that is 「許{ゆる}さん！！」 (\"Unacceptable!!\")\nsaid emphatically.\n\n\n\nJust found this; Talk about emotionality. \"I've got friends!!!!\"\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/UOnxh.jpg)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-27T08:58:22.883",
"id": "44938",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-16T23:16:13.397",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-16T23:16:13.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "44935",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 14
}
]
| 44935 | null | 44938 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.