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{
"accepted_answer_id": "46548",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "では、なぜ北が上 **でなければならない** のだろうか。 (From line 7:\n<https://www.docdroid.net/847v2dg/img-20170413-0001-new.pdf.html>) で should be\na particle here right? If so, why is なければならない not attached to any verb? I\ndon't know what this means.\n\nI would say that the sentence means the following: \"Well, why must the north\nbe attached on top/in the upper section?\" But I can't say why なければならない floats\naround freely like this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T17:43:12.973",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46541",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T06:11:29.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is this なければならない doing there?",
"view_count": 360
} | [
{
"body": "Here is the passage:\n\n>\n> 地図は普通、北を上にして[描]{か}かれる。では、なぜ北が上でなければならないのだろうか。これは地図に経緯度が使われるようになってからの習慣であって、古い地図には南が上のものも多い。\n\nIn fact, there is a verb. This verb is である. And the negative of である is でない.\n_Must be_ can then be written でなければならない.\n\n> Usually on a map, north is at the top. But, how come that north has to be at\n> the top? In fact, it has been customary since the use of latitude and\n> longitude and it is not unusual to see south at the top on old maps.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T19:33:38.677",
"id": "46548",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T06:11:29.250",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T06:11:29.250",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "4216",
"parent_id": "46541",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 46541 | 46548 | 46548 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46546",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "地図は普通、北を上にして掛かれる。 (From line 7:\n<https://www.docdroid.net/847v2dg/img-20170413-0001-new.pdf.html>)\n\n=> \"The map is normal, it can hang with the north attached to the top.\"\n\nI feel very unsure about this one since there is no copula and no connector\n(like for example 地図は普通 **で** ), but I can't make sense of it otherwise. I'm\nalso not sure whether the potential form expresses an ability here or makes an\nobjective statement (I think there was something about that with potential\nform, please correct me if I'm wrong, I also don't feel like I understood it).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T17:55:51.553",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46543",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-14T00:39:24.800",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T18:57:05.427",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Feeling unsure about the connection of the two sides of the comma",
"view_count": 138
} | [
{
"body": "Is there a typo here? Shouldn't 掛かる be 掛けられる ? If so, it's a passive, not a\npotential. Try analysing the sentence without 普通 .\n\n地図は、 北を上にして掛けられる means \"Maps are hung with North at the top\".\n\nThen restore the 普通:\n\n地図は普通、 北を上にして掛けられる means \"Maps are usually hung with North at the top\".\n\nOne problem is that we tend to assume that the 、 punctuation mark is like an\nEnglish comma, marking off a grammatically distinct section of a sentence. So\nwhen we come to one we stop to look at the meaning of what precedes it. That's\nnot what it does: it's best to think of it as simply indicating a point in the\nsentence where if you were reading it aloud you might pause to breathe. I\nthink what's happened here is that you've come to a comma so stopped to make\nan interim translation of the first part of the sentence as \"the map is usual\nor ordinary\" and then gone on to deal with rest of the sentence, not realising\nthat 普通 is in fact an adverb meaning \"usually\", \"ordinarily\" and that this is\na general statement about the way maps are hung.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T19:15:51.357",
"id": "46546",
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"score": 6
},
{
"body": "Sorry, I should have looked at the text before replying. I've done so now, and\nsee that the verb is written in kana: かかれる. I think your 掛かれる is an artefact\nof predictive texting. The verb is actually the passive of [描]{か}く, \"draw\",\nand the sentence means \"Maps are usually drawn with North at the top\".",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T19:24:11.807",
"id": "46547",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-14T00:39:24.800",
"last_edit_date": "2017-07-14T00:39:24.800",
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"owner_user_id": "20069",
"parent_id": "46543",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 46543 | 46546 | 46546 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46554",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "大好きなあのコ\n\nThis means: The girl I love/I love you\n\nI'm interested in knowing if it absolutely has to refer to a person that's not\nin front of you.\n\nI also want to know if 大好き (like very much) can mean favourite in this\nsentence (something like my favourite girl or the girl I love the most).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T19:35:31.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46549",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T13:40:46.720",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T13:40:46.720",
"last_editor_user_id": "21733",
"owner_user_id": "21733",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Translation doubts",
"view_count": 123
} | [
{
"body": "It means neither.\n\nあのコ is not \"you\" but \"that girl\", referring to someone who is _not_ in front\nof you. If you said this to your girlfriend in front of you, you would\nprobably make her angry; \"Wait, who is あのコ? Who are you talking about!?\"\n\nThe sentence means \"That girl I love.\" 大好き means \"love\" or \"like very much\",\nbut it does not mean \"love the most\" on its own.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T23:43:56.267",
"id": "46554",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T02:48:41.703",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T02:48:41.703",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "46549",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 46549 | 46554 | 46554 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46555",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My question is from this sentence. It is from the \"Easy Japanese\" YouTube\nvideos:\n\n> 秋雨や我がすげみのはまだ濡らさじ\n\nWhy \"nurasaji\"? I would understand \"mada nurasanai\" - not yet wet - but why\n\"ji\"?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T20:47:55.027",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46552",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-29T02:44:03.163",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-29T02:44:03.163",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "21735",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"auxiliary-ず"
],
"title": "\"ji\" ending on verb \"nai\" stem?",
"view_count": 570
} | [
{
"body": "じ is an archaic auxiliary, similar to まい describing negative volition.\n\n<http://www.hello-school.net/haroajapa009021.htm>\n\nSo it's まだ濡らすまい or まだ濡らさないようにしよう in modern Japanese.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-13T23:49:03.367",
"id": "46555",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-13T23:49:03.367",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "46552",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 46552 | 46555 | 46555 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "下の方は努力して見ようとしないと、見えないのだ。 (From line 4:\n<https://www.docdroid.net/847v2dg/img-20170413-0001-new.pdf.html>) According\nto my understanding of the sentence, it says: \"Concerning the lower area,\n\n...if you don't want to see it with effort... or ...if you don't make an\neffort while making an effort to see it...\n\n...,you can't see it.\"\n\nThe problem lies with the relation between 努力して and 見ようとしないと. As far as I\nunderstood the \"intentional form + とする\" constructions, when expressing that\nsomeone intentionally makes an effort or doesn't make an effort, another 努力して\nto emphasize that someone's making an effort isn't required, since this effort\nis already contained in the respective verb.\n\nOf course this problem is somehow eliminated when using \"want\" instead of\n\"making an effort\" in the translation of said form. But it doesn't change that\nthe same thing is kind of expressed twice here. I guess it's just there to put\nmore emphasis on it, but I wanted to ask about it in case I've missed\nsomething.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T10:07:41.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46563",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T14:46:03.377",
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"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Problem with the て form in this sentence",
"view_count": 85
} | [
{
"body": "I think you understand the numerical formula:\n\n```\n\n 努力して見る ≒ 見ようとする ＜ 努力して見ようとする\n \n```",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T10:39:51.173",
"id": "46564",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T11:31:29.820",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T11:31:29.820",
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"owner_user_id": "20624",
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{
"body": "努力して見ようとする is not redundant. 見ようとする is simply \"to try to see\" and it does not\nnecessarily mean you make an effort. If you move your head and eyeballs with\nthe purpose of seeing something, that is already called 見ようとする.\n\n努力する is a word that explicitly means you make a considerable amount of effort.\nWithout this, the phrase does not mean someone tries _hard_ to see the lower\npart.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T14:46:03.377",
"id": "46574",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T14:46:03.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "46563",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 46563 | null | 46574 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46572",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "This is kind of a follow-up question to this one: [Problem with のが in this\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/46538/problem-\nwith-%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8c-in-this-\nsentence/46556?noredirect=1#comment83305_46556)\n\nTo give a quick overview, in this sentence そこで、マッカーサーが自分で作って見た **の** が地図Aである\n**の** had a function I must admit I still can't really explain^^ To me it kind\nof works like a nominalizer, but if you follow the answers in the thread you\nwill find that it is (also) something else.\n\nHowever, I thought that this might be worth a new thread: Could one replace の\nwith こと here? Both can be used as nominalizers, and maybe I can better\ndifferentiate between の as a mere nominalizer and の in the function of the\nrespective construction above, if someone explains to me why こと can/can't be\nused here instead of の ^^",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T11:10:59.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46565",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T14:34:09.527",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "こと vs. の in this sentence",
"view_count": 705
} | [
{
"body": "They are all natural as Japanese sentences and sound almost the same;\n\n * そこで、マッカーサーが自分で作って見た **の** が地図Aである。\n * そこで、マッカーサーが自分で作って見た **もの** が地図Aである。\n * そこで、マッカーサーが自分で作って見た **地図** が地図Aである。\n\nBut,\n\n * そこで、マッカーサーが自分で作って見た **こと** が地図Aである。 This is not natural as a Japanese sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T11:43:48.257",
"id": "46566",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T11:43:48.257",
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"body": "の is called a nominalizer when it turns a verb into a noun that means \"(the\nact of) ～ing\".\n\n> * **食べるの** が好きです。 \n> I like eating.\n> * 明日寿司を **食べるの** を楽しみにしています。 \n> I am looking forward to eating sushi tomorrow.\n> * 晩ご飯を **食べるの** と風呂に **入るの** 、どっちがいい？ \n> Which do you like, eating dinner or taking a bath?\n>\n\nThis type of の is sometimes interchangeable with こと. For details see this\nquestion: [What is the difference between the nominalizers こと and\nの?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1395/5010)\n\nHowever in cleft sentences の does not do that.\n\n> * 明日寿司を **食べるの** は太郎です。 \n> It's Taro who will eat sushi tomorrow.\n> * 明日太郎が **食べるの** は寿司です。 \n> It's sushi that Taro will eat tomorrow.\n> * 太郎が寿司を **食べるの** は明日です。 \n> It's tomorrow that Taro will eat sushi.\n> * 明日太郎が寿司を **食べるの** は銀座です。 \n> It's in Ginza (town) that Taro will eat sushi tomorrow.\n> * 明日太郎が寿司を **食べるの** は誕生日だからです。 \n> It's because it's his birthday that he will eat sushi tomorrow.\n>\n\nIn the first sentence の is a placeholder for a person (Taro); in the second\nsentence, a thing (sushi); in the third sentence, a certain time point\n(tomorrow); and in the last sentence, a reason!\n\nIf you treated this の as a nominalizer, the first sentence would be translated\nas something like \"[×] Eating sushi tomorrow is Taro,\" which does not make\nsense.\n\nFinally, this type of の is not interchangeable with こと. You have to always use\nの to form a cleft sentence.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T14:34:09.527",
"id": "46572",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-14T14:34:09.527",
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]
| 46565 | 46572 | 46572 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "47193",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to know which one of these sentences mean loving someone the most, more\nthan anybody else, loving someone more than the rest of the world.\n\nIt has to be the person someone loves more than any other person.\n\nIt's not a translation request (I already know the meaning of each sentence).\nI need Japanese people (born in Japan) to tell me which ones of these\nsentences mean loving someone more than the rest of the people in Japanese (as\nthere can be subleties that the english translation may not cover).\n\n 1. 一番愛している : The person I love the most\n\n 2. 愛してる: I love you (inconditional love that lasts forever)\n\n 3. 私は何よりもあなたを愛しています: I love you more than anything else\n\n 4. 誰よりも愛している: I love you more than anyone\n\nRephrasing my question, which ones mean: 1) I love you very very much but I\ncan love someone more than you; and which ones mean 2) I love you more than\nanybody else in the world. I'm dividing love into these 2 categories.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T13:36:39.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46568",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-08T16:22:06.200",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T15:30:09.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "21733",
"owner_user_id": "21733",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Japanese subtleties in these sentences",
"view_count": 454
} | [
{
"body": "_Semantically_ , i.e. in a strictly logical sense, the sentences can be sorted\nas such:\n\n**I love you very much, but I can love someone more than you**\n\n * 愛してる\n * 私は何よりもあなたを愛しています (because 何より does not include 誰より)\n\n**I love you more than anybody else in the world**\n\n * 一番愛している\n * 誰よりも愛している\n\nPretty straightforward. No surprises here.\n\n* * *\n\n_Pragmatically_ , on the other hand, is where they start to diverge from their\nEnglish counterparts. Among the four options, a simple 愛してる is perhaps the\nbest choice to convey a sincere feeling that you love the person more than\nanybody else.\n\n * 私は何よりもあなたを愛しています … Seems like a desperate attempt to salvage the relationship after being accused of prioritizing other things, like hobbies or work.\n\n * 一番愛している / 誰よりも愛している … Strangely specific or superlative, and is likely to arouse suspicion (“二番目は誰なの？”, “ほかに誰がいるの？”)\n\nI think superlatives are best avoided when saying 愛してる in Japanese, especially\nwhen in comparison to other things/people. It already carries so much more\nweight than the English _love_. You normally would not say 愛してる to your close\nfamily and friends, and some people would never even say it to a romantic\npartner.\n\nIn English, you can love many things, like a book, cake, or math teacher. So\nbeing #1 among all those things is something to note. In Japanese, 大好き applies\nto many things, but 愛してる is pretty rare. I “love” many things in the English\nsense, but I can only think of one or two things/people that I 愛してる.\n\nIt is more effective to describe _how much_ you 愛してる the person, like:\n\n * ものすごく愛してる\n * 気が狂うほど愛してる",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-05-08T16:22:06.200",
"id": "47193",
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| 46568 | 47193 | 47193 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46593",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to say this sentence in Nihongo:\n\n> \"From now on, I will do my best to learn Japanese.\"\n\nI entered the exact same sentence in Google Translate and it gave me:\n\n> これからは、日本語を学ぶために全力を尽くします。\n\nBut I am also aware that Google Translate sometimes has grammatical errors in\nits result. I can confirm that **これからは** is the correct translation for **from\nnow on** , since I often hear that in anime episodes, but I am not sure if the\nrest of the sentence is correct.\n\nPlease help me confirm if the rest of it is grammatically correct, or if\nthere's something wrong with it. Also, is there a shorter version of saying\nthis in Nihongo? I feel like this translation is too long. Thank you very\nmuch.\n\n**Background:**\n\nI am very new to learning Japanese. I am learning it for two reasons:\n\n * to communicate well with my new Japanese friends and clients\n * to fulfill my dream of learning as many languages as I can",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T14:14:16.307",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46571",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-17T12:14:11.607",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-17T12:14:11.607",
"last_editor_user_id": "14293",
"owner_user_id": "14293",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Is there a shorter version of saying \"これからは、日本語を学ぶために全力を尽くします。\"?",
"view_count": 898
} | [
{
"body": "> \"From now on, I will do my best to learn Japanese.\" \n> これからは、日本語を学ぶために全力を尽くします。\n\nWhen we learn English language, we Japanese usually say not 英語｛えいご｝を学｛まな｝ぶ,\nbut say 英語｛えいご｝を勉強｛べんきょう｝する. And, the translation of 全力｛ぜんりょく｝を尽｛つ｝くす for \"to\ndo one's best\" is correct, but it doesn't sound natural. So, I recommend you\nto say 一生｛いっしょう｝懸命｛けんめい｝/一所｛いっしょ｝懸命｛けんんめい｝～をする. So the appropriate translation\nfor \"From now on, I will do my best to learn Japanese.\" is;\n\n> これからは、日本語｛にほんご｝を勉強｛べんきょう｝します＋ to do one's best ＝\n> これからは、日本語｛にほんご｝を一生｛いっしょう｝懸命｛けんめい｝/一所｛いっしょ｝懸命｛けんめい｝勉強｛べんきょう｝します。\n\nBy the way, I'll show you the usage difference between 「全力を尽くす」 and\n「一生懸命／一所懸命～をする」. The principal difference lies in the duration time of doing\neffort. As for the former phrase, someone does his best only once or for a\nshort period of time just like \"doing one's best in the tennis match\", while\nfor the latter phrase, someone does one's best for a long period of time just\nlike \"doing one's best in learning Japanese.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T07:08:51.730",
"id": "46593",
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| 46571 | 46593 | 46593 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46578",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I googled for a bit and it seems like ご機嫌よう/ごきげんよう (\"gokigenyou\") has both a\ngreeting and a farewell meaning, but I couldn't find any etymology to explain\nit. Does it consist of any simpler parts, or is this a whole word/phrase? Why\nis it both a greeting and a farewell? I don't think there are other phrases\nlike that but maybe I'm wrong about that.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T14:45:15.937",
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"id": "46573",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"etymology"
],
"title": "Explanation of ambiguous \"gokigenyou\"",
"view_count": 22737
} | [
{
"body": "**ごきげんよう** _gokigen'yō_\n\n * [ご](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/71159/meaning/m0u/) (honorific prefix)\n * [きげん](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/51333/meaning/m0u/%E6%A9%9F%E5%AB%8C/) (\"mood; tide\")\n * よう (old-fashioned form for よく, a conjugation† of [よい](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%89%AF%E3%81%84#Japanese))\n\nAltogether means \"your mood (being) well\", or practically \"in good mood; in\ngood shape\".\n\n> _Why is it both a greeting and a farewell? I don't think there are other\n> phrases like that but maybe I'm wrong about that._\n\nWell... this word is pretty much analogous in many ways to \"Good day!\" in\nEnglish. With the verb omitted, the phrase can stand for both \"it is a good\nday\" and \"have a good day\", thus has dual use as hello and goodbye.\n\n* * *\n\n† The inflection of adjectives is normally called _declension_ , but in\nJapanese context I'm more comfortable to call it _conjugation_ nevertheless.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T15:48:22.433",
"id": "46578",
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| 46573 | 46578 | 46578 |
{
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"body": "How would I ask some \"What days of the week do you go to school?\" Would\n\"なんようび、がっこうへいきますか\" be a correct translation?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T16:12:17.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46579",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T06:32:23.907",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "21750",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"word-choice",
"particle-へ"
],
"title": "How to ask what days of the week someone does something",
"view_count": 127
} | [
{
"body": "> \"What days of the week do you go to school?\" \n> →Would \"なんようび、がっこうへいきますか\" be a correct translation?\n\nCorrect! And, 「なんようびに」that is commented by boccoli forest is better. \nIf the questioner knows that you go to school mulitiple times in a week, the\nnatural ways of asking are;\n\n> * なんようとなんように、がっこうへいきますか？\n> * がっこうへいくの、なんようとなんようなの？\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T06:32:23.907",
"id": "46591",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T06:32:23.907",
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| 46579 | null | 46591 |
{
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"body": "This example is from page 51-146 of Lake and Ura's _Learn to Read in\nJapanese_.\n\n> 見込みのある若い人を育てるのがベテラン社員の役割だ。\n\nGoogle Translate gives\n\n> Veteran employees are responsible for raising prospective young people.\n\nThis [link](http://yesjapan.com/YJ6/question/2954/item-ga-aru-vs-item-no-aru-\nin-a-sub-clause) seems to say that \"見込みのある\" is more idiomatic than \"見込みがある,\"\nwhich is what I initially thought would be the correct particle. Is there a\nmore general rule for using \"の\" vs \"が\" in cases like this?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T16:17:23.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46580",
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"owner_user_id": "19509",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"set-phrases",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "Use of の vs が in 見込みのある",
"view_count": 178
} | []
| 46580 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46583",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've come across this sentence 「暑い……こんな日に上着なんて掛けられたら怒鳴りつけちまうぜ」, which I think\nmight roughly translate to \"It's too hot to be wearing a coat on a day like\nthis, though if (I) were to take it off, (I'd) be shouted at!\"\n\nWould 掛けられたら translate to if (I) would take off? I've only learnt it in the\ncontext 'To hang' as in a picture. I'm still around N5 but られたら conjugations\nare the most confusing to me.\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T21:50:14.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46581",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjugations"
],
"title": "Explanation of 掛けられたら in this situation?",
"view_count": 122
} | [
{
"body": "> 「暑{あつ}い……こんな日{ひ}に上着{うわぎ}なんて掛{か}けられたら怒鳴{どな}りつけちまうぜ。」\n\n「掛けられたら」 here is **_passive voice_** , namely the famous \"suffering passive\".\nA person does something to you and you are not happy about it. You would not\n怒鳴りつけちまう (\"yell out loud\") if you were not suffering, would you?\n\nThe three usages of 「れる・られる」 is explained\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/26171/need-help-\nunderstanding-causative-and-passive-form/26173#26173). Only the context will\ntell which one of the three meanings 「れる・られる」 is being used for. Please\nremember that Japanese is an incredibly contextual language. Had you asked\njust \"What does 掛けられたら mean?\", no one could have answered. **Without any\ncontext, it could mean honorific, potential or passive voice**.\n\n> \"I would yell out loud if someone put a jacket on me on such a hot day like\n> this.\"\n\nI did no use the passive voice structure in my translation. You could replace\nthe \"if someone put a jacket on me\" part by \"if I were made to wear a jacket\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T00:23:00.313",
"id": "46583",
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}
]
| 46581 | 46583 | 46583 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 10年は待つには長い時間だ\n\nIn what situation can には follow a verb like in the above sentence and what is\nthe function of it here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-14T22:07:21.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46582",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T01:42:05.770",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-14T22:59:35.023",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21754",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "How does には work in 10年は待つには長い時間だ, following a verb?",
"view_count": 102
} | [
{
"body": "> １０年は待つ **には** 長い時間だ\n\n「には」is the short form of 「にしては」in the sentence. \nThe sentence could have two meanings, though the first one is more natural;\n\n 1. 待｛ま｝つという単調｛たんちょう｝な行為｛こうい｝は１日や２日なら我慢｛がまん｝できるが、１０年もの長｛なが｝い期間｛きかん｝は待｛ま｝ちきれない。【例】5光年｛こうねん｝離｛はな｝れた星｛ほし｝へ行｛い｝って帰｛かえ｝る **宇宙旅行｛うちゅうりょこう｝なら飛行時間｛ひこうじかん｝として** １０年は妥当｛だとう｝だが、地球上｛ちきゅうじょう｝で帰り｛かえ｝を **待｛まつ｝には** 長い時間だ。\n 2. 待｛ま｝たなければいけないことは承知｛しょうち｝していたが、私｛わたし｝はもう少｛すこ｝し短｛みじか｝い期間｛きかん｝だと想定｛そうてい｝していた。しかし、「10年間｛ねんかん｝待｛ま｝ってください」と言｛い｝われて、長｛なが｝過｛す｝ぎると感｛かん｝じた。【例】「借金｛しゃっきん｝は必｛かなら｝ず返｛かえ｝します。10年間｛ねんかん｝待｛ま｝ってください。」「駄目｛だめ｝だ。待｛ま｝つのは構｛かま｝わないが１年が相場｛そうば｝だろう。１０年は待｛ま｝つには長｛なが｝い時間｛じかん｝だ（長｛なが｝過｛す｝ぎる時間｛じかん｝だ）。」",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-15T00:45:16.773",
"id": "46584",
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}
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| 46582 | null | 46584 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46588",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How to say \"What the fuck am I doing here?\" \nI came up with two versions for the above question.\n\n 1. ここ一体何をやっているよ。\n 2. ここ何をマジやっているかよ。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T01:38:52.230",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46585",
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"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "10476",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"interrogatives"
],
"title": "How to say \"What the f**k am I doing here?\"",
"view_count": 666
} | [
{
"body": "1. ここ means \"this place\" and it needs a locative marker で to mean \"here\" when it's combined with the predicate やっている.\n 2. You can't use the form of a non-noda form followed with よ for interrogative sentences apart from slang. \n 3. …かよ doesn't stand for a simple question but a rhetoric question to actually deny it.\n 4. 何をマジやっている has two objects of 何 and マジ. You need some particle when you use マジ adverbially, aside from some slangy usages.\n\nSo, you might want, for example, ここで一体何やって(る)んだ、俺、マジで, or …何やってるんだよ\n(interrogative noda form with よ), which expresses blame rather than really\nasking.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T05:29:15.233",
"id": "46588",
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| 46585 | 46588 | 46588 |
{
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"body": "I am a little confused, is this just a transitive intransitive pair? I could\nnot find an answer so any help is appreciated.\n\nThanks.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T02:39:41.833",
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"id": "46586",
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"owner_user_id": "21755",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"causation"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 合わす and 合わせる?",
"view_count": 519
} | [
{
"body": "They're both transitive verbs, and they're pretty much the same thing. You can\nuse them interchangeably.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T15:42:27.180",
"id": "48037",
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| 46586 | null | 48037 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46590",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In the following sentence, why is すること needed?\n\n> システムメンテナンスにより休止 **すること** があります。\n\nCan it simply be:\n\n> システムメンテナンスにより休止があります。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T05:33:39.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46589",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-04-15T14:07:11.857",
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"owner_user_id": "10476",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"nominalization",
"morphology"
],
"title": "What is the difference in usage between nominalized nominal verbs and nouns forming the same nominal verbs?",
"view_count": 241
} | [
{
"body": "> システムメンテナンスにより休止があります。\n\nIt couldn't be, instead you should say;\n\n> システムメンテナンスによる休止があります。\n\n【 **Question** 】 In the following sentence, why is すること needed? \nシステムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}することがあります。\n\n【 **Answer** 】\n\nAt first, the given sentence could be broken down like this: \nシステムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}することがあります。 \n＝「システムメンテナンスにより」＋「休止{きゅうし}する」＋「こと」＋「が」＋「あります」。\n\n★日本語{にほんご}の文法{ぶんぽう}ルール１（Japanese Grammatical Rule 1） \n(a) In the phrase 「＊＊があります」 meaning \"there is/are ＊＊,\" the part 「＊＊」 must be\n「名詞{めいし}（noun）or 名詞{めいし}句{く}（noun phrase）」.\n\n★日本語{にほんご}の文法{ぶんぽう}ルール２（Japanese Grammatical Rule 2）: \n(b) 「＊＊＊＊」＋「に」＋「よる」＋「休止{きゅうし}」＝名詞{めいし}句{く}（noun phrase） \n(c) 「＊＊＊＊」＋「に」＋「より」＋「休止{きゅうし}する」＝動詞{どうし}句{く}（verb phrase）\n\nwhere ＊＊＊＊＝システムメンテナンス\n\nThese equations could be written grammatically more precisely: \n(b)' 「＊＊＊＊（＝名詞{めいし}）」＋「に」＋「よる（＝因{よ}る（meaning\n原因{げんいん}・理由{りゆう}）＝ラ行{ぎょう}四段{よんだん}活用{かつよう}連体形{れんたいけい}）」＋「休止{きゅうし}（＝名詞{めいし}）」＝名詞{めいし}句{く} \n(c)' 「＊＊＊＊（＝名詞{めいし}）」＋「に」＋「より（＝因{よ}り（meaning\n原因{げんいん}・理由{りゆう}）＝ラ行{ぎょう}四段{よんだん}活用{かつよう}連用形{れんようけい}）」＋「休止{きゅうし}する（＝動詞{どうし}）」＝動詞{どうし}句{く}\n\nBy the Rule 2, the following two phrases are allowed: \n(d) システムメンテナンスによる休止{きゅうし} \n(e) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}する\n\nbut the phrase written below is not allowed. \n(f) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}\n\nIf you want to use the phrase (d) and (e) in the Rule 1, (d) has no problem\nbut (e) must be changed into noun phrase by adding 「こと」 before applying the\nRule.\n\nNow you get (g) newly: \n(g) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}すること\n\nI'd like to mention this in passing. 「場合{ばあい}」 could be also used instead of\n「こと」 to change the verb phrase (e) into noun phrase (h) with the same meaning\nas (g). \n(h) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}する場合{ばあい}\n\nThen you will get (g) and (h) along with (d), which are applicable three\nphrases to Rule 1 successfully.\n\nAt last you'll get three beautiful Japanese; \n(i) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅし}することがあります。 \n(j) システムメンテナンスによる休止{きゅうし}があります。 \n(k) システムメンテナンスにより休止{きゅうし}する場合{ばあい}があります。\n\nI think the last sentence is used most in business world.",
"comment_count": 6,
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"id": "46590",
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},
{
"body": "In システムメンテナンスにより休止することがある, the システムメンテナンスにより part modifies the verb 休止する.\n\nWhereas in システムメンテナンスにより休止がある, the システムメンテナンスにより modifies the verb ある this\ntime.\n\nIt's not a major difference but when you want to express that システムメンテナンス is\nthe cause of 休止, it's slightly more natural to choose the form in which\nシステムメンテナンスにより modifies 休止. (システムメンテナンスによる休止 is this case.)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T13:35:52.503",
"id": "46641",
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| 46589 | 46590 | 46590 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46594",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am reading a children's book written in hiragana. I saw the opening line of\nthe book mentioned online as being from the lyrics of a song, so I think this\nmay be a folk song or children's song.\n\nThe first line is: いもむし ごーろごろ\n\nI translated this as The caterpillar started to roll (with the sound effect of\na large and heavy rolling object adding humor).\n\nBut then the next line confuses me completely. ひょうたん ぽっくりこ\n\nMy dictionary tells me that ひょうたん could be a contradiction or a gourd, but I\ndon't see how either of those ideas would fit in.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T06:50:13.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46592",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-17T14:18:58.210",
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"owner_user_id": "19849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "meaning of ひょうたん ぽっくりこ in a song about a rolling caterpillar",
"view_count": 255
} | [
{
"body": "I'm a native Japanese, but I don't know the meaning of 「ぽっくりこ」. \nVisit the site <http://blog.livedoor.jp/season4/archives/9306591.html>, then\nyou'll know native Japanese don't know the meaning of 「ぽっくりこ」. So, you need\nnot worry about not knowing the meaning of 「ぽっくりこ」.\n\nI'm not sure, but 「ぽっくりこ」 may be an onomatopoeia. When you tap at a gourd, it\nwill sound something like that.\n\nAt least, I know the 「ひょうたん」 in this phrase is a gourd, not contradiction. The\nmeaning of contradiction for 「ひょうたん」 is used only in the Japanese proverb\n「瓢箪{ひょうたん}から駒{こま}」. \n瓢箪{ひょうたん}から駒{こま} could be literally translated like; \nA piece of shogi gets out of a gourd, upon which \"shogi\" is a game of Japan\nlike chess.\n\nThe proverb means;\n\n * What is not expected happens. \n * An impossible thing happens. \n * Something said as a joke actually happens. \n\nSimilar proverbs in English are;\n\n * Many a true word is spoken in jest. \n * There is many a true word spoken in jest.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fbAf8.jpg)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T08:20:17.680",
"id": "46594",
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"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46592",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 46592 | 46594 | 46594 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46596",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the meaning of this expression? I know 尖った is an adjective that means\n\"pointed, sharp\", but I don't understand what a \"pointed road\" could be. I\ntried to google it but I only got 8 results, [all of them about a\nsong](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E5%B0%96%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E9%81%93%22&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiu6b64o6bTAhUGvhQKHU80DT8Q_AUIBSgA&biw=1600&bih=770&dpr=1),\nso it doesn't seem a common expression. Here's the sentence in which I found\nit:\n\n> このガキ… 恐怖を感じる底を見出すコトができなかった。こいつは尖った道でしか歩けねェタイプだ。\n\nIs it a metaphorical way to refer to a path that is hard to walk? Thank you\nfor your help!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T11:00:23.157",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46595",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-17T07:45:23.170",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"adjectives",
"metaphor",
"collocations"
],
"title": "Meaning of 尖った道",
"view_count": 206
} | [
{
"body": "> * このガキ\n> * 恐怖｛きょうふ｝を感｛かん｝じる底｛そこ｝を見｛み｝出｛いだ｝すことができなかった。\n> * 尖｛とが｝った道｛みち｝\n>\n\nIt is a metaphorical way to refer to a world or a society that is hard to\nlive.\n\n「道｛みち｝」は、「人生｛じんせい｝街道｛かいどう｝」「世間｛せけん｝」あるいは「世｛よ｝の中｛なか｝」だと思｛おも｝います。「尖｛とが｝った」は、そのような意味｛いみ｝の「道｛みち｝」を比喩｛ひゆ｝的｛てき｝に形容｛けいよう｝しており、普通｛ふつう｝の精神｛せいしん｝を持｛も｝った人｛ひと｝なら「恐怖｛きょうふ｝を感｛かん｝じる」ような極悪｛ごくあく｝・非道｛ひどう｝、不合理｛ふごうり｝などが渦｛うず｝巻｛ま｝く様子｛ようす｝を表現｛ひょうげん｝しているように思｛おも｝います。この文脈｛ぶんみゃく｝では、「尖｛とが｝った」は、「まろやかな」「おだやかな」「平和｛へいわ｝な」のような形容詞｛けいようし｝の反意語｛はんいご｝ではないでしょうか。「このガキ（＝若者｛わかもの｝、若造｛わかぞう｝）」は、そのような「尖｛とが｝った世間｛せけん｝」でもまだ恐怖｛きょうふ｝の底｛そこ｝を感｛かん｝じていないのですから、本当｛ほんとう｝の悪｛わる｝ガキ、しかも腹｛はら｝のすわった悪｛わる｝ガキではないでしょうか。\n\nI think 「道」, a road/way, means a \"world\" or \"society\" in this context. 「尖った」\nmeaning \"sharp\" describes the world or society metaphorically and\nfiguratively, and I think the adjective \"sharp\" describes the brutality,\nheartlessness or irrationality of the world where normal person would feel\nfear. In this context, the adjective \"sharp\" is the antonym of the adjective\nsuch as \"calm\" \"peaceful.\" \"このガキ\" meaning \"this boy/youngster\" may be a true\nnaughty boy because he has not felt the bottom of the fear of the world yet.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T11:47:17.390",
"id": "46596",
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"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46595",
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"score": 2
}
]
| 46595 | 46596 | 46596 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46598",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the manga I'm reading, there's a part that I can't decipher if the\ncharacter is Ya or Yu. I tried searching, かなまや or かなまゆ, but there seem to be\nno such word.\n\nThe context before the statement was said is that the female protagonists\nthinks that she's stronger than the male protagonist. But she is not\ndefinitely sure because, the male protagonist always refuses to have a\nfighting match with her. In this statement the female protagonist is so angry\nto the point of grabbing the male protagonist in the collar and is challenging\nhim to have a fight with her. But the male protagonist just keeps on\ndeclining.\n\nI place the screenshot of the manga below.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/sUVMa.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T14:48:07.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46597",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T14:56:20.580",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-15T14:53:14.503",
"last_editor_user_id": "20375",
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Is there such a word as かなまや or かなまゆ?",
"view_count": 107
} | [
{
"body": "If you are referring to the handwritten part, it says:\n\n> ゴカイとかなきゃっ\n\nwhich is:\n\n> [誤解]{ごかい}[解]{と}かなきゃっ\n\nmeaning:\n\n> \"Gotta clear his/their misunderstanding.\"\n\n「解かなきゃ」＝「解かなきゃならない」＝「解かなければならない」\n\nThe small っ at the end is for informal emphasis, which is used very often.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-15T14:56:20.580",
"id": "46598",
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| 46597 | 46598 | 46598 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46600",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Regarding decorations at a 七夕 festival:\n\n> 道の両側には、 **工夫をこらした** 飾りがぶらさがっていた。 \n> On both sides of the street ??? decorations were hanging.\n\nI can't understand what 工夫をこらした means. I saw [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/32932/meaning-of-the-\nverb-%E5%B7%A5%E5%A4%AB-in-this-example). Perhaps the meaning is similar?\nMaybe, \"Decorations of ingenious design\"??\n\nIs this a set phrase or can I understand the meaning from the separate parts?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T15:06:08.510",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46599",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T16:46:54.083",
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"set-phrases"
],
"title": "Meaning of 工夫をこらす",
"view_count": 105
} | [
{
"body": "In this particular context, I would use \" ** _elaborate_** \" over anything\nelse.\n\n\"elaborate decorations\", \"elaborate ornaments\", etc.\n\nThe essential meaning of 「工夫をこらした」 is \"not simple or plain\".\n\nTo me at least, \"ingenious\" would be too big a word for this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T15:17:44.343",
"id": "46600",
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"parent_id": "46599",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
]
| 46599 | 46600 | 46600 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46603",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I know that あげる is to give. But I find it weird to interpret it as, I have\ncome to love you and I'm giving it to you. But at the same it seems to also\nmake some sense. Is my understanding of the sentence correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T16:05:08.783",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46601",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T16:43:02.113",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"sentence"
],
"title": "What does \"好きになってあげるわよ\" means?",
"view_count": 416
} | [
{
"body": "If I were a Japanese-learner, I probably would have difficulty understanding\nthis sentence, too.\n\nIt is a girl's somewhat **_condescending_** (but still lighthearted) way of\nsaying \" **I will be in love with you**.\" It is almost like saying that you\nare doing the guy a favor. It implies something like \" **I will love you more\nfor your sake than for my own**.\"\n\nIt is the kind of phrase that you hear more often in fiction than in real\nlife.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T16:33:26.457",
"id": "46603",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-15T16:43:02.113",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-15T16:43:02.113",
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"parent_id": "46601",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 46601 | 46603 | 46603 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46610",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> げたの音と子供のはしゃいでいる声が **一面に** 響いていた。 \n> The sound of clogs and the voices of high spirited children ??? resounded.\n\nWhat does 一面に mean here? I'm quite sure it doesn't mean \"on one surface\" or\n\"on one side\" (since the story doesn't mention the sounds from the other\nside).\n\n[Goo](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/all/%E4%B8%80%E9%9D%A2%E3%81%AB/m0u/)\ntells me that it can mean 'all over'. This makes sense in the context. But\nthat translation is almost opposite to its literal meaning. Is there an\nexplanation for how it comes to have this meaning?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T17:06:40.627",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46604",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-16T03:57:51.797",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Understanding 一面に",
"view_count": 187
} | [
{
"body": "I think that 「一面」 originally only meant \"one broad/flat object\" like all\nnumber + counter constructions. It has then been used to mean other things\nthat are somehow related to one flat object.\n\n[一面{いちめん}](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%B8%80%E9%9D%A2-433724) definition 1:\n\n> 物体の一つの面。One side of an object.\n\nand definition 3:\n\n> 辺り一帯。ある場所全体。All around. The entirety of a certain place.\n\nIf you think about definition 3, there is only **one surface** we all stand\non. It is also flat if you don't look too deep into it, and it definitely is\nbroad.\n\nに after 一面 marks the place where 響いていた.\n\n> げたの音と子供のはしゃいでいる声が **一面に** 響いていた。\n>\n> The sound of clogs and the voices of high-spirited children resounded **all\n> around**.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T23:52:25.543",
"id": "46610",
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| 46604 | 46610 | 46610 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46613",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> この女の人はペンチ **ではなく** 、ハンマーを使っています。\n\nI believe the sentence means\n\n> The woman is using a hammer, not a pliers.\n\nBut I couldn't understand ではなく, how is this structure formed?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T18:30:45.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46606",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-31T08:14:36.223",
"last_edit_date": "2020-12-31T08:14:36.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "17380",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"syntax",
"particle-は",
"negation",
"copula",
"renyōkei"
],
"title": "How is ではなく formed?",
"view_count": 1152
} | [
{
"body": "* で: The continuative form of the copula だ.\n * は: The topic/contrast marker は, [which is optional](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/8280/5010) but [is usually placed here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1077/5010). では can be contracted to じゃ in casual settings.\n * なく: The continuative form of ない.\n * (て): なく can be followed by an optional て. In casual conversation て tends to be used, and in formal essays て tends to be dropped.\n\nPut together this literally means \"not being ～\". Practically this can be used\nwherever a noun can be used in a sentence, and means \"not ～ (but ～)\". This can\nbe used with adverbs, too.\n\n> * 彼ではなく私がやりました。 ＝ 彼じゃなくて私がやりました。\n> * 彼は壁を赤くではなく青く塗った。\n> * ゆっくりではなく、急いで来てください。\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T02:44:32.643",
"id": "46613",
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}
]
| 46606 | 46613 | 46613 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46616",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "だって大事なんだよ… それくらい、お前のことが大切なんだってば\n\nI would translate it like: You are important... That is how much you mean to\nme\n\nThe story goes like this (context); One man punches his best friend (who he\nloved) because that friend wanted to have his wife. After doing that he says\nthat sentence to his wife and they have a sweet love moment.\n\nHow important is it to the man in the following question? Does it imply the\nman considers his relationship with his wife is more important than his\nfriend? If there's a subtlety I might have missed in that regard please tell\nme.\n\nI understand what the sentence means, I'm asking about the emphasis it was\nsaid with in japanese.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-15T19:25:59.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46609",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-16T14:49:26.793",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-15T19:38:22.127",
"last_editor_user_id": "21733",
"owner_user_id": "21733",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "How important is it to the man in the following question?",
"view_count": 202
} | [
{
"body": "> だって大事なんだよ… それくらい、お前のことが大切なんだってば\n\n妻｛つま｝は、その友達｛ともだち｝が夫｛おっと｝にとってとても大切｛たいせつ｝な友達｛ともだち｝だと知｛し｝っているので、「どうしてあなたがあんなに好｛す｝きな友達｛ともだち｝を殴｛なぐ｝ったの」と言｛い｝ったか、または、言｛い｝うと同｛おな｝じくらい効果｛こうか｝がある表情｛ひょうじょう｝か態度｛たいど｝を夫｛おっと｝に示｛しめ｝したのだと思｛おも｝います。\n\nBecause the wife knows that the friend of her husband is very important for\nhim, she might have said to him, \"why did you hit the friend whom you like\nbest?\", or she might have shown a facial expression or a manner to him which\nhad an effect almost as same as what she might have said.\n\n夫｛おっと｝が妻｛つま｝に言｛い｝った「だって大事｛だいじ｝なんだよ… それくらい ＝\nだってそれくらい大事｛だいじ｝なんだよ。」の中｛なか｝の「それ」とは、「本当｛ほんとう｝なら殴｛なぐ｝ることなどとても考｛かんが｝えられない自分｛じぶん｝が、大好｛だいす｝きな友達｛ともだち｝を殴｛なぐ｝るという行為｛こうい｝に及｛およ｝んだ（＝及｛およ｝ばざるを得｛え｝なかった）こと」を指｛さ｝していると思｛おも｝います。\n\nI think \"それ\" in the phrase \"だって大事なんだよ… それくらい = だってそれくらい大事なんだよ\" which he said\nto her pointed at the seriously big fact that he was not able to avoid hitting\nhis best friend with whom the husband had such relationship that it can hardly\nassume that he hit the friend.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T06:46:51.397",
"id": "46616",
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}
]
| 46609 | 46616 | 46616 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46612",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "ゆうちょ銀行 uses 自払 in the description of automatic payment transactions. I guess\n自払 is an abbreviation of 自動支払. Should 自払 be pronounced as じはらい?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T02:24:18.380",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46611",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-16T02:48:31.020",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-16T02:48:31.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "How to pronounce 自払",
"view_count": 511
} | [
{
"body": "It should be read 「じ **ば** らい」and not 「じ **は** らい」.\n\nIn case you are unfamiliar with [rendaku, please read\nthis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendaku).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T02:31:26.157",
"id": "46612",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"parent_id": "46611",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
]
| 46611 | 46612 | 46612 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46615",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In my bank statement there is the following line above transactions.\n\n1-6件を表示(全6件中)\n\nHow is the above pronounced?\n\nWhat is the meaning of 中 in 件中?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T02:48:00.047",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46614",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-16T09:34:10.743",
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"owner_user_id": "10476",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "How is 件 pronounced as a counter?",
"view_count": 1006
} | [
{
"body": "> いち[から](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21679/5010)ろっ **けん** をひょうじ ぜん ろっ\n> **けん** ちゅう \n> Showing 1-6 of (a total of) 6 items\n\n件 is a counter for issues, transactions, topics, database records, search\nresults, etc. 件 is always unvoiced けん whatever number comes before it. Unlike\n件, [軒](http://www.punipunijapan.com/japanese-counter-ken/) is sometimes\nvoiced.\n\nIn this context 全【ぜん】 is \"a total of\", 中【ちゅう】 is \"among\" or \"of\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T02:58:36.113",
"id": "46615",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-16T09:34:10.743",
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"parent_id": "46614",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
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| 46614 | 46615 | 46615 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46618",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 「さっきから七夕 **に** 関係ねェもンばっかり吊りさがってやがるなぁ」 \n> These days they only hang things which are unrelated to Tanabata. \n> These days, on Tanabata, they only hang unrelated things.\n\nI would have expected the particle と to be used in place of に for my first\ntranslation attempt, which is why I also gave the second attempt.\n\nWhich translation is correct? Is there any ambiguity? Can 関係 take both と and\nに? Is there a difference in nuance?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T10:17:20.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Does 関係 use particle に or と?",
"view_count": 1482
} | [
{
"body": "> 「さっきから七夕{たなばた}に関係{かんけい}ねェもンばっかり吊{つ}りさがってやがるなぁ」\n>\n> These days they only hang things which are unrelated to Tanabata.\n>\n> These days, on Tanabata, they only hang unrelated things.\n\nFirst off, both 「～～ **に** 関係ある/ない」 and 「～～ **と** 関係ある/ない」 are correct and used\nequally often. To say there is a difference in nuance would be nitpicking.\nThus, in the sentence above, the 「に」 can be replaced by a 「と」 without changing\nits meaning the least bit.\n\nExceptions: When talking about having a man-woman relationship, only 「(person)\n**と** 関係がある」 can be used.\n\nMoving on to your translations..\n\nYour first translation is good **though it is a free TL**. The original does\nnot say \"these days\" or \"they\". The subject of the original sentence is 「もン」,\nwhich refers to the decorations themselves, not the people who hang them.\n\n「吊りさ **が** る」 is an intransitive verb. Things are the subject.\n\n「吊りさ **げ** る」 is a transitive verb. People are the subject.\n\n**But your first TL certainly captures nicely the essence of the original**.\n\nYour second TL is way off, I am afraid. The original does not say \"on\nTanabata\".\n\nMy own TL:\n\n> \"For quite a while, (I've been noticing that) mostly things that are\n> unrelated to Tanabata are hanging (here).\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T12:37:50.053",
"id": "46618",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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},
{
"body": "例文に限ると、「に」と「と」は日常あまり区別されずに使われており、相互に入れ換え可能です。 \nIn the given sentence, usually,「に」 and 「と」 are used without being\ndistinguished too much and are replaceable mutually.\n\nしかし、ニュアンスとして、「に」の方が「と」に比べて、「関係する」ことに関して方向性と執着性が強いような気がします。 \nHowever, as a nuance, \"に\" seems stronger in directionality and relationship\nthan \"に\" between the two related things.\n\n「さっきから七夕に関係ねェ…」でニュアンスの違いを入れて考えると次のように説明できます。 \nWhen I put the difference in nuance in a given sentence 「さっきから七夕に関係ねェ…」, I can\nexplain it as follows;\n\n * 七夕｛たなばた｝「に」関係｛かんけい｝しないものは別｛べつ｝の何｛なに｝か「に」関係｛かんけい｝する、あるいは別｛べつ｝の何｛なに｝か「と」関係｛かんけい｝する。 \nThe thing which is not related to the Star Festival by the particle に is\ncertainly related to something else.\n\n * 七夕｛たなばた｝「と」関係｛かんけい｝しないものは別｛べつ｝の何｛なに｝かと関係｛かんけい｝するかどうか分｛わ｝からない。 \nThe thing which is not related with the Star Festival by the particle と is\nuncertain whether it is related with something else.\n\n「に」と「と」の違いを図で示します。 \nI'll show you the difference by the illustration shown below.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cdjaw.jpg) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ybQNA.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T13:25:27.357",
"id": "46620",
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"score": 3
}
]
| 46617 | 46618 | 46618 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "52355",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 人気者がそろっているというだけで、華やいだかんじになる **というものだ** 。 \n> Simply having popular people around makes for a cheerful feeling.\n\nI think the ものだ used here is number 2) from [this\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/43127/7944). Please correct me if\nI'm wrong. I was wondering what additional nuance という adds. Can it be omitted\nwithout changing the meaning?\n\nI guess the same question can apply to the first half of the sentence\n(というだけで). Do the two というs pair up somehow?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T13:19:02.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46619",
"last_activity_date": "2017-08-15T15:44:57.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference between ものだ and というものだ",
"view_count": 1203
} | [
{
"body": "> 人気者がそろっているだけで、華やいだかんじに **なるものだ** 。\n>\n> Simply having popular people around **makes** for a cheerful feeling.\n>\n> 人気者がそろっているというだけで、華やいだかんじに **なるというものだ。**\n>\n> Simply having popular people around **would make** for a cheerful feeling.\n\nIn Japanese, the both sentences mean almost the same, but the latter sounds\nsofter, milder, or more indirect.\n\nThe two という in the former half and in the latter half sentence are functioning\nin the same way.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"score": 6
}
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| 46619 | 52355 | 52355 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46636",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The words 一瞬{いっしゅん}, 瞬間{しゅんかん} and 一瞬間{いっしゅんかん} all seem to mean \"instant\",\n\"moment\". Is there any difference between them?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T15:17:39.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46621",
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"owner_user_id": "7494",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Are there differences between 一瞬{いっしゅん}, 瞬間{しゅんかん} and 一瞬間{いっしゅんかん}?",
"view_count": 1185
} | [
{
"body": "一瞬{いっしゅん} and 瞬間{しゅんかん} are natural Japanese words, but we don't usually use\n一瞬間{いっしゅんかん}.\n\n## As nouns\n\n一瞬 and 瞬間 are nouns.\n\n瞬間 can be used to make a compound word, such as\n[瞬間{しゅんかん}湯沸{ゆわか}し器{き}](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%9E%AC%E9%96%93%E6%B9%AF%E6%B2%B8%E3%81%97%E5%99%A8)\n(which means _instant water heater_ , i.e., _tankless water heater_ ), while\n一瞬 can not.\n\n## As adverbs\n\n一瞬 can also be an adverb, which is used like:\n\n * 一瞬{いっしゅん}、彼{かれ}は立{た}ち止{どま}った。\n * 彼{かれ}は一瞬{いっしゅん}立{た}ち止{どま}った。\n * (He stopped walking and stood still for a short time.)\n\nBut you _can't_ say:\n\n * 瞬間{しゅんかん}、彼{かれ}は立{た}ち止{どま}った。\n * 彼{かれ}は瞬間{しゅんかん}立{た}ち止{どま}った。\n\nInstead, 瞬間 can be an adverb with 「に」, which is used like:\n\n * 瞬間{しゅんかん}にお湯{ゆ}が沸{わ}く。\n * 瞬間{しゅんかん}にお湯{ゆ}が沸騰{ふっとう}する。\n * (The water boils after a very short time.)\n\nThe following illustration depicts the difference between 瞬間に and 一瞬:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jHEyl.jpg)\n\nTherefore, you can also say 「一瞬｛いっしゅん｝お湯｛ゆ｝が沸｛わ｝く」, but it has a different\nmeaning: the water boils for a brief specific duration, not before, not after.\nThat is, the act of boiling lasts a short time.\n\n* * *\n\n**Edit to address comments:**\n\nWhy 「瞬間に、彼は立ち止まった」 or 「彼は、瞬間に立ち止った」 could not be said? Consider the following\nsentences, all using the adverb 「瞬間に」 which means \"in a short time\":\n\n 1. 彼｛かれ｝は瞬間｛しゅんかん｝に立{た}ち止{どま}った。\n 2. 彼{かれ}は瞬間{しゅんかん}に立{た}ち上{あ}がった。\n 3. 鳥{とり}たちは瞬間{しゅんかん}に飛{と}び去{さ}った。\n 4. 猫{ねこ}はびっくりして瞬間{しゅんかん}に飛{と}び上{あ}がった。\n 5. 鳥{とり}たちは物音{ものおと}にびっくりして瞬間{しゅんかん}に飛{と}び去{さ}った。\n\nThey seem grammatically correct, but only the first one does not sound natural\nas Japanese. Why does this happen? I could not get the exact answer at hand,\nbut I conjectured the answer as follows:\n\nGenerally, it is difficult for a moving object to stop suddenly without any\nresidual movement because of an inertial force. If I am allowed to use the\nterm in the illustration, I could say that if the state A describes something\nmoving and the state B describes the state of standstill of the same thing,\nthe transition to the state B in a very short time is difficult, therefore the\nsentence does not sound natural.\n\nOn the other hand, the other four sentences express a sudden shift to a state\nwith movement, and I think that therefore they sound natural. You can easily\njudge whether a certain thing is moving or not, so the state of standstill is\nmore strictly judged than the state of movement.\n\nI found it interesting that the logical understanding of physics affects a\nJapanese sentence.\n\n**Evidence for logical Japanese sentences**\n\nAs I said the sentence 1 does not sound natural, because it is not\nscientifically logical. But you could make the sentence 1 natural by adding an\nappropriate phrase to it like \"no way\", \"he told a lie\", \"it's impossible\" \"to\nmy astonishment\", \"with some fluctuations\" \"almost/nearly\", etc. which make\nthe meaning of the whole sentence logical. Then, the following sentences\nincluding the sentence 1 sound natural as Japanese.\n\n 6. 彼｛かれ｝は瞬間｛しゅんかん｝に立｛た｝ち止｛ど｝まった **と言｛い｝ったがそんなの嘘｛うそ｝だよね** 。\n 7. **びっくりしたなぁ、** 彼｛かれ｝は瞬間｛しゅんかん｝に立｛た｝ち止｛ど｝まった **よ** 。\n 8. **少｛すこ｝しよろけたが** 彼｛かれ｝は **ほぼ** 瞬間｛しゅんかん｝に立｛た｝ち止｛ど｝まった **よ** 。",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-17T06:16:44.910",
"id": "46636",
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| 46621 | 46636 | 46636 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46623",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Consider the following four verbs:\n\n * 放{はな}す - _hanasu_ ([view in jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E6%94%BE%E3%81%99))\n * 放{はな}つ - _hanatsu_ ([view in jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E6%94%BE%E3%81%A4))\n * 解{と}き放{はな}す - _tokihanasu_ ([view in jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E8%A7%A3%E3%81%8D%E6%94%BE%E3%81%99))\n * 解{と}き放{はな}つ - _tokihanatsu_ ([view in jisho.org](http://jisho.org/word/%E8%A7%A3%E3%81%8D%E6%94%BE%E3%81%A4))\n\nApparently, they all can mean \"release, set free\". What are their differences,\nif any?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T15:48:14.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46622",
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"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Four different verbs meaning \"to release\": 放す, 放つ, 解き放す, 解き放つ",
"view_count": 1238
} | [
{
"body": "If you shoot, dispatch or emit, you usually _hanatsu_. Arrows, light, smells\nand spies are things you _hanatsu_.\n\nIf you're setting them free from captivity, I think it's more appropriate to\n_hanasu_. Captured fish, poor bound doggies or (more poetically) tied baloons\nare things you may _hanasu_.\n\nHowever, there's some degree of interchangeability; both words may be used\nlike the other. As expected from the scheme above, right now there's 12100\n矢を放つ on Google Books, vs. only 6 矢を放す ; likewise, 7 魚を放つ vs. 429 魚を放す. (There\nare, however, a lot of examples of 犬を放つ； but, from a cursory look, they seem\nto be more like \"set the dogs (on rabbits, etc.)\").\n\n解く is \"to unfasten\". 解き放つ therefore puts extra emphasis on the \"freeing from\ncaptivity\" nuance: to unbound them and set them free. 解き放す seems to be\nfunctionally a synonym. Some things people are 解き放すing right now on twitter:\ncurses, myself from the feeling of being locked, your passions, magical swords\n(from seals), saved money, my gayness, myself from mental tension. Things\npeople are 解き放つing: my feelings of gratitude, newly-released fashion products,\nthe tension of athletes (through smiles), my comrades, The Invincible Sword,\nmyself from the restraints of modern age, dragons from their fetters,\nprisoners. I don't think there's a clear pattern in using one vs. the other,\nexcept that 解き放つ is a lot more common. Many of the examples feel like English\n\"unleash\" to me.\n\n(I'm not a native speaker; this answer is based on dictionaries and online\nsearches. I'm only answering because no one did so far; if a native speaker\nsays otherwise, they're right and I'm wrong.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T18:04:36.203",
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| 46622 | 46623 | 46623 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46632",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "So far, I remember 4 ways to say \"but\" in Japanese, but I bet there are more,\naren't there?\n\n * kedo\n * demo\n * daga\n * shikashi\n\nAre there other ways to say \"but\" in Japanese? What about their difference in\nusage?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T22:43:11.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46627",
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"last_edit_date": "2021-11-29T23:36:31.877",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "How many ways to say \"but\" are there in Japanese?",
"view_count": 32892
} | [
{
"body": "ただし (tadashi) is another one you can use. You usually use them in different\ncontexts. I think tadashi is more declarative. Demo is more informal and is\nused like \"but... why?\" And Shikashi is usually used in a more formal way.\n\nEDIT: Also as siikamiika said you can look it up on [jisho](http://jisho.org/)\nwhich is a really good Japanese dictionary",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-16T23:45:33.057",
"id": "46631",
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{
"body": "I feel the given answers and comments can be improved. Also nobody really\ntalked about the difference in usage of the various forms you introduced.\n\nFirst of all, what do you really want to know? From the way you ask your\nquestion it seems to me that you are mostly interested in \"but\" as a\nconjunction used in sentences such as \"I should be working but instead I'm\nposting an answer on stack exchange\".\n\nIf this is correct, you can forget about more than half of the examples coming\nup in the referenced dictionary. If you are instead interested in \"but\" in a\nbroader sense (including adverbs such as \"however\" etc) well, post a comment.\n\nTo get back to your answer (focusing on conjunctions) the most common ways to\nsay but are:\n\n 1. けど - けれど - けれども: These all mean the same thing, and the main difference is purely in formality (going from the most casual (けど) to the most formal (けれども).\n 2. でも: This as well is a very typical way to say \"but\". The difference with the above is that けど etc connect a second clause while でも is more like a \"standalone\". See this [related question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2738/%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82-demo-versus-%E3%81%91%E3%81%A9-kedo-to-mean-but) for example.\n\n * 2.1. だが： This as well means \"but\" and could be quite interchangeable with でも in usage, the difference being that だが is much more formal and probably you'll find it mostly in written documents.. or in something like:\n\n> [...] 海は枯れ、地は裂け、全ての生物が死滅したかのように見えた。 **だが** 、人類は死滅していなかった。\n\n... And if you don't upvote after this you're a post-apocalyptic punk who\ndeserves a 北斗百裂拳. :D\n\n 3. しかし: It's a bit like でも but more formal and probably again you would find it in written documents etc. I usually think of this more as \"however\" rather than \"but\" (although well yeah, the meaning is quite the same).\n\n 4. が : This does not always necessarily mean \"but\" but there are cases it can, for example when it connects two clauses opposite to each other. For example : 老人だが、彼はまだたいそう元気だ。\n\n 5. **BONUS** 。。 のに: This might sound strange at first but I put it here as a sort of way to say (joking) that questions like yours are very hard to answer (that's why above I stressed \"what do you want to know\"). In fact, you could see even のに as but. Think about this: こんなに頑張ったのに、私の答えはほとんど無視された. Which of course you would probably translate as \"Even though I put a lot of effort (on it), my answer has been basically ignored\".. but isn't this the same as \"I put a lot on effort on it **but** my answer has been basically ignored\"?\n\nSo as you can see there are really a lot of ways to say \"but\". I think I\nlisted the most common and tried to give you an idea of the main differences.\nOf course if I had to list all the synonyms (ただし etc) or less common forms\nsuch as しかるに etc.. this post would be endless. I hope what I said so far gives\nyou a good general idea.\n\n[This](https://hanpamono.wordpress.com/2012/02/21/no-ifs-or-buts-they-say-but-\nbut-but/) is another reference that seems to me gives some nice explanations\nof different ways to say \"but\".",
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{
"body": "A couple used in written Japanese, but not so commonly in speech:\n\nものの \"although\" at the end of a clause: pretty much the same in meaning as が or\nのに\n\nにもかかわらず \"in spite of the fact that\" at the end of a clause: strongly\nadversative\n\nそれにしても \"even so\" at the beginning of a sentence: again strongly adversative",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-17T07:29:22.493",
"id": "46637",
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| 46627 | 46632 | 46632 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46629",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RcR7Vr5Miv4&t=1m38s](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RcR7Vr5Miv4&t=1m38s)\n\nWhat I hear is something similar to \"saa ute koi\". The phrase is translated as\n\"hit me!\" . I know ute is \"shoot!\" I guess here it could be \"hit me\" and that\nkoi is \"come!\" but it doesnt make sense to me that 2 verbs in imperative form\nare concantenated together? Besides what is that sound at the begining I hear\nsimilar to \"saa\" . What is the character saying exactly I might be completely\nconfused",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T23:16:21.737",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46628",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-16T23:18:53.460",
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"owner_user_id": "9878",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs"
],
"title": "what does the character say in this video?",
"view_count": 154
} | [
{
"body": "He says 「さあ、打って{うって}こい！」'Saa, utte koi!' This is the imperative of 'utte\nkuru', 'come and hit someone'. 'Saa' is something said before a command or\nrequest.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-16T23:18:53.460",
"id": "46629",
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| 46628 | 46629 | 46629 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "最近、小松未歩という歌手の「謎」という歌をよく聞きます。\n\n全体の意味は(想像のもとで)たぶんわかりやすいですが、1行目の歌詞が何回聞いても読んでもわかりません。\n\n> この世であなたの愛を手にいれる **もの**\n>\n> 踊るライト見つめて忘れない ahh 謎が解けてゆく\n\n「手にいれたいもの」のほうがよくないですか。 なぜこんなところで「もの」を使いましたか。どういう意味でしょうか。\n\n歌詞: <http://www.kasi-time.com/item-14804.html>\n\nビデオ: <https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=sQnznXS_MJs>",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Meaning of もの in this song",
"view_count": 535
} | [
{
"body": "> 「この世{よ}であなたの愛{あい}を手{て}にいれるもの」\n\n鋭い質問をされますね。\n\n私見ですが、この「もの」は女性的な終助詞の「もの」ではないかと思います。それ以外の解釈は不自然であると考えます。この終助詞「もの」は軽い決意・強調を表します。\n\n（日本語学習者のみなさんに、逆の意味で捉えられるといけませんので、念のために言いますと、「～～ではない **か**\nと思う」は「～～だと思う」と同じ意味になります。要するに、私は既に結論を述べています。）\n\n他の可能性について考えてみましょう。\n\nまず、「物{もの}」ではないことは文法的に明らかです。対象物が「あなたの愛」であると明確に述べられているからです。\n\n続いて、「者{もの}」でもなさそうです。この曲の歌詞のスタイルからして、「人」という意味で「者」を使用する可能性は基本的にゼロかと思います。「者」では堅苦しく、曲のイメージに合わないからです。使うなら「人」とか「誰か」あたりでしょう。\n\n「この世であなたの愛を手にいれるもの」の一行が歌詞のアタマに来ていることも重要です。なんらかのメッセージをアタマでいきなり述べてしまうのは、歌謡曲ではよくある手法です。「生きている間にあなたの愛を手に入れたい」という願望がこの曲のテーマそのものです。\n\nさらに歌詞の後半で、「謎めくあなたの愛を手に入れた **とき**\n」という部分がありますが、これは「仮定」を表しています。実際にそれを手に入れた時、「世界は生まれ変わる 目覚めたら ahh\n無限に広がる」と言っています。願望が現実になるかもしれないという、ストーリーの展開がここに見られます。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T01:01:55.430",
"id": "46633",
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{
"body": "I know this song since my childhood, but have never tried to think about the\nlyrics seriously...\n\n> この世であなたの愛を手に入れるもの\n\nI interpret this as \"the thing with which one can obtain your love.\" Since\nthis is a song about 謎 (mystery), one may translate this less literally as\n\"the key to obtain your love\". I think this もの is 物 (=\"a thing\").\nGrammatically similar expressions include:\n\n> * 字を書くもの something to write characters with (i.e., a pen)\n> * [いい夢を見られる道具](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/46532/5010) a device\n> with which one can see a good dream\n>\n\n* * *\n\nLet's consider other possibilities of もの.\n\nCan it be 者 (=\"person\")? If it were 者, the sentence would mean \"the person who\nwants to obtain your love\". But 者 is [a fairly stiff\nword](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/21536/5010) and I don't expect 者\nused like this in a love song.\n\nCan it be the sentence-end particle\n[もの](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/219750/meaning/m0u/), which is often\ncolloquially changed to もん? Then the sentence would mean something like \"You\nknow, I'm gonna obtain your love!\" At least it's grammatical, and this sounds\nlike she is determined to do so. However, this もの [sounds a bit\nchildish](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/32322/5010), and does not match\nthe context that follows. The person in the song is wondering and hesitating\nthroughout the lyrics. She is not naively trying to be loved by あなた; she is\ntrying to solve the mystery of love in a rather objective manner. (In\naddition, I feel the melody and the way of singing show that this is not a\nsentence-end particle もの, but I cannot explain this logically.)\n\nI feel 「手に入れたいもの」 is not natural because what she is talking about in the\nfirst line is 謎, not her personal desire.\n\n* * *\n\n**EDIT:** Let me add two other reasons why I think this もの is _not_ 者. (1) 者\nis almost always written in kanji. There is no reason for using hiragana for 者\nhere. (2) Again, context. There are only あなた and 私 in this song. There is no\nthird person, and \"who will be the one who obtains your love\" is not the topic\nof this song. The motif of this song, 謎, which she struggles to solve, is the\ndifficult relationship that exists only between あなた and 私.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T03:11:13.613",
"id": "46634",
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{
"body": "> あなたの愛{あい}を手{て}にいれる **もの**\n\n歌詞{かし}全体{ぜんたい}を考{かんが}えると、「あなたの愛{あい}を手{て}にいれるものは」で使{つか}われる「もの」は、「者{もの}（＝人{ひと}）」という意味{いみ}でしょう。\n\n「あなたの愛{あい}を手{て}に入れる者{もの}」とは、「あなたが愛{あい}する人{ひと}」です。その人{ひと}は私{わたし}であって欲{ほし}しい、そしてその確率{かくりつ}はどんどん高{たか}まっているがまだ確{たし}かでない。早{はや}く、私{わたし}だけにあなたの愛{あい}を向{む}けてくださいという願{ねが}いのこもった歌詞{かし}です。\n\n「もの」 is 「者{もの}」which means a person when I think about the whole lyrics. A\nperson getting his love is the person whom he loves. I wish the person were me\nand the probability is increasing steadily but not sure yet. This is a lyric\nthat is full of the wish to turn his love only to me quickly.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T05:26:45.093",
"id": "46635",
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{
"body": "> この世であなたの愛を手にいれるもの\n\nというのは\n\n> The one who attains your love in this world\n\nと解釈されるべきだと思います。つまり、「もの」=「[者](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/219748/meaning/m0u/)」です。\n\n理由は二つあります。\n\n 1. 「この世で」と呼応する\n\n「この世で」という表現が出てくる時は、たいてい「最も／一番～〔名詞〕」「唯一／数少ない～〔名詞〕」という意味の文章が続くことが期待されます。この〔名詞〕は修飾部の「この世で～」の意味上の主語であることが普通です。ここでは「最も」や「唯一」などという言葉は出てきませんが、ニュアンスとしては「たった一人」という気持ちがこめられていると思います。\n\n 2. 『[名探偵コナン](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E6%8E%A2%E5%81%B5%E3%82%B3%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3)』の主題歌\n\n「者」という形式名詞は堅い表現で、謙譲語として以外は、法律や哲学の文章でしかあまり聞かない言葉です。ただ、この曲は『名探偵コナン』という推理アニメのオープニングテーマ\n**にするため**\nに作られた曲です。アニメの内容は、探偵として天才的な推理力で論理的に事件の犯人や真実を明らかにしていくというものなので、そのアニメが始まる最初のフレーズに用いるにはインパクトがありふさわしい表現だと思います。",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T09:56:09.127",
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| 46630 | null | 46634 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46703",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I encountered the following sentence in a book.\n\n> 私は彼に今晩来る **の** か聞いた。\n\nOkay, I guess the meaning is easy enough: _I asked him if he would come\ntonight_. This の, however, was a slight surprise. Grammatically speaking,\nsince it comes after 来る, it has to be nominalization of some kind. But I have\nno idea why か would require any kind of nominalization when it’s used for\nindirect speech questions.\n\nIn fact, if I had to say something like this, I would most likely say:\n\n> 彼に今晩来るかどうか聞いた。\n\nOr even just:\n\n> 彼に今晩来るか聞いた。\n\nI thought of three (rather unsatisfying) explanations. First one: の (or のか) is\na common interrogation particle in casual speech, so one could say to a close\nfriend: 今晩来るの（か）？ However, I highly doubt that the の in the sentence is this\nkind of の, since it does not sound like direct speech is quoted (at all).\n\nMy second idea would be that this の is an emphatic particle, just like when we\nend a sentence with のだ・んだ. But why use it here? I have no idea.\n\nThe third option is regular nominalization, which is used here for some\nreason. So the sentence would be (literally): _I asked him if the fact that he\nwill come is._ But then, why would this structure be used at all?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T08:29:38.230",
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"id": "46638",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"questions",
"quotes"
],
"title": "Why is の used in this sentence?",
"view_count": 412
} | [
{
"body": "This の is the same thing with のだ, as in your second option. The third one is\npartially correct too, since the expression would be literally translated \"it\nis that\".\n\nThe usage of のだ (non-question form of のか) has been a hot topic of debate,\ndespite, or because of its generality among Japanese utterance. The currently\nwidely agreed formulation is that using のだ indicates \"relation\" or \"reference\"\nto existing shared premises in the context. This is a fairly vague idea, but\nif you limit the scope down to _のだ with yes-no question_ , the explanation\nwould be greatly simplified.\n\n> The simple yes-no question `V（ますか）？` asks the trueness of the fact, while\n> のだ-fied yes-no question `Vの（ですか）？` that of the judgment.\n\nFor example:\n\n> (You bring a bag of liquorice candies in front of your friends, and say...) \n> ○ 食べる？ _Do you (wanna) eat?_ \n> × 食べるの？ _You (wanna) eat, is it true?_\n>\n> (You start to eat them by yourself, then notice that one of your friends is\n> staring at you...) \n> ○ 食べる？ _Do you (wanna) eat?_ \n> ○ 食べるの？ _You (wanna) eat, is it true (i.e. what I see in your face)?_\n>\n> (Finally they say they want to try them...) \n> × 食べる？ _Do you (wanna) eat?_ \n> ○ 食べるの？ _You (wanna) eat, is it true (i.e. what I hear)?_\n\nSo, the implication of 彼に今晩来るのか聞いた is that you asked him in order to know if\nyou'd be able to take his attendance for granted for an already-known\nschedule. Of course, it has little difference with 来るか（どうか）聞いた in usual\nsituations.\n\nOne thing is that using のだ in indirect speech doesn't necessarily reflect that\nthe speaker uses the word in real conversation, because the context base may\nvary depending on the hearer:\n\n> じゃあ、彼に今晩のパーティー来るのか聞いてみるね。 \n> _Okay, then I ask him if he'll come to **the** party tonight._\n>\n> ☎「もしもーし、今晩パーティーやるんだけど、来る（× の）？」 \n> _Hello, we gonna have **a** party tonight. Are you coming?_",
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| 46638 | 46703 | 46703 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46643",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Out of the two words below which one is the correct term for \"cash\"?\n\n紙幣{しへい} vs. 現金{げんきん}",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T14:39:34.303",
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"owner_user_id": "10476",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"terminology"
],
"title": "What is the correct term for cash?",
"view_count": 3320
} | [
{
"body": "[現金](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%8F%BE%E9%87%91) is the word that corresponds to\n_cash_ as opposed to money in a bank account, etc.\n\n[紙幣](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%B4%99%E5%B9%A3) means paper money or banknotes\nas opposed to [硬貨](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%A1%AC%E8%B2%A8) (coins).",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T14:46:52.510",
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| 46642 | 46643 | 46643 |
{
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"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the Japanese equivalent of \"Don't judge a man until you've walked a\nmile in his shoes\"?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-17T15:39:50.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46644",
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"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"set-phrases",
"phrase-requests",
"proverbs"
],
"title": "\"Don't judge a man until you've walked a mile in his shoes\"",
"view_count": 493
} | [
{
"body": "I think the literal translation of it is \"彼の立場になってみるまで、彼を判断するな\", but it isn't\na proverb.\n\nわが身をつねって人の痛さを知れ(Pinch yourself to know the pain others feel when they are\npinched), which is a proverb, would be close to it.",
"comment_count": 5,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T04:15:57.827",
"id": "46662",
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| 46644 | null | 46662 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46649",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「金持ちさえかなえば、自転車もクツも全部かなうってことだもんね」 \n> If only you become rich you can have a bike, shoes, everything. That's for\n> sure.\n\nI'm confused about the grammar of how かなう is used in this sentence. My\nunderstanding is that it means \"to come true\" or \"to conform (to)\".\n\nIf I write 自転車がかなう is that good grammar? it sounds to me like the bike is\ncoming into existence, rather than that I get to own a bike.\n\nI guess I would have written 自転車を持っているのがかなう. Is this wrong? Too wordy?\n\nMaybe Xがかなう translates to \"wish relating to X comes true\". Can I think of it\nlike that?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T16:39:08.180",
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage"
],
"title": "How to use かなう for desires coming true",
"view_count": 238
} | [
{
"body": "I think this is an example of\n[ellipsis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipsis_\\(linguistics\\)). 金持ちがかなう\nand 自転車がかなう are not good grammar on its own. You usually have to say\n金持ちになる(という)願いがかなう and 自転車が欲しいという願いがかなう.\n\n> 金持ちになるという願いさえかなえば、自転車が欲しいという願いもクツが欲しいという願いも全部かなうってことだもんね。\n\nBut this \"(になる/が欲しい)という願い\" is probably something that was already said in the\nconversation, and repeating it three times in one sentence is too bothersome.\nSo the speaker omitted this redundant part, knowing they can make themselves\nunderstood without saying it.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T17:07:07.260",
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| 46645 | 46649 | 46649 |
{
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"body": "> これほどおいしい食べ物はいくら食べても食べ飽きない\n\nWhat does いくら mean in this sentence?\n\nI know it as \"how much\" but I can only guess what it means, which could be:\n\n> No matter how much I eat delicious food like this, I will never grow tired\n> of eating it",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T16:44:11.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "11827",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "いくら's meaning here",
"view_count": 134
} | [
{
"body": "Who/what/how much etc. + Verb in て-form + も = no matter who/what/how much ...\n\nSo いくら食べても is \"no matter how much you eat\", so I think your translation is\nspot on.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T16:52:21.197",
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| 46646 | 46648 | 46648 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46650",
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"body": "Both 碁{ご} and 囲碁{いご} mean the game Go according to my dictionary. Is one of\nthe terms more common than the other or used in different kinds of situations?",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T16:48:08.870",
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"owner_user_id": "21777",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"usage"
],
"title": "Differences between 碁 and 囲碁",
"view_count": 229
} | [
{
"body": "碁 and 囲碁 refer to exactly the same game, and they are interchangeable. Both\nare safely understood by all native speakers, but 囲碁 is more common presumably\nbecause 碁 is too short.\n\nIn kanji compounds 碁 and 囲碁 are not interchangeable. 碁石 is always 碁石, not 囲碁石.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-17T17:33:33.937",
"id": "46650",
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"score": 7
}
]
| 46647 | 46650 | 46650 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46653",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was wondering how I could one translate \"the bearded man\", in the same\nfashion as the Straw Hat Luffy (in one Piece) \"Mugiwara\" ? I understood\nmugiwara means \"Straw\" but people seem okay calling him by just this word, and\nnot \"the straw hat man\". Thank you very much!",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T20:21:48.820",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46651",
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"owner_user_id": "21779",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How would one would translate \"Bearded man\"?",
"view_count": 266
} | [
{
"body": "As simple as ひげ／ヒゲ can work as a nickname, although I believe most real people\nwith beard do not like to be called in this way. In fiction, especially in old\nfictional works, many people have simple nicknames like ヒゲ, メガネ, アゴ, etc.\n\n黒ひげ is a Japanese name of [_Blackbeard_\n(pirate)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackbeard), and\n[赤ひげ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/16302/5010) is a symbol of humane\ndoctors in Japan.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T20:44:45.063",
"id": "46653",
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| 46651 | 46653 | 46653 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46679",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The words 頑な{かたくな} (na-adjective, \"stubborn\") and 固い{かたい} (i-adjective, \"hard\"\nor \"stubborn\") sound similar and have a similar meaning. I was thinking if\nthese words are related to each other through some conjugation that has lost\nits meaning over time.\n\nI think 「固く{かたく}な」 would be ungrammatical, but it still reads 「かたくな」. I don't\nrecall seeing other na-adjectives that consist of i-adjective continuative\nform + な (and another な when modifying the following noun). Maybe it is just a\ncoincidence that these words resemble each other.\n\nThe only similar \"word class\" I can think of are words like 「小さい」 →「小さな」and\n「大きい」→「大きな」 but they consist of i-adjective stem + な. They are also rentaishi\nand not na-adjectives.\n\nAre these words related to each other? If not, what is 「かたくな」 based on?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-17T21:27:55.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"last_edit_date": "2017-04-18T11:51:06.600",
"last_editor_user_id": "19206",
"owner_user_id": "19206",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"etymology",
"i-adjectives",
"na-adjectives",
"morphology"
],
"title": "かたくな etymology and relation to 固い",
"view_count": 210
} | [
{
"body": "As already pointed out in a comment, the last な of かたくな is not conjugation but\na part of the word. You have to put another な to make it attributive.\n\n> かたくな **な** 態度\n\nWe write out the last syllable as okurigana solely for word identification\npurpose without grammatical rationale. It's the same way we do for some\notherwise single-kanji words like 概【おおむ】ね (< 大【おお】 + 旨【むね】 \"(in) general\nidea\") or 自【みずか】ら (< 身【み】 + つ + から \"out of self\").\n\nかたくな is etymologically from two words: かた and くな. There is a controversy on\nwhether the first portion is from 固 \"hard; tough\" or 片 \"deviant\". I personally\nfeel that the latter is more likely, because earliest usages of the word show\nthe sense \"having wrong belief\", while the \"stubborn\" sense isn't attested\nuntil the 15th century (according to 日本国語大辞典). It however seems that the\napparent resemblance to 固い has pulled the meaning all the way to where it\nbelongs today.\n\nThe second part くな means (or meant) \"twisted, crooked, wicked\", which is\nrelated to [くねる](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/62612/meaning/m0u/) (as in\n曲がりくねる) today. 続日本紀 reports that Empress Kōken (孝謙天皇) forced to rename a rebel\nleader to くなたぶれ \"crooked mad (man)\" in 757, so we can see the word was in\nactive use at that time.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T12:01:59.490",
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| 46654 | 46679 | 46679 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I know there are a lot of ways to say it, but what is the most commonly used\nform?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T00:51:54.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"last_editor_user_id": "91",
"owner_user_id": "20413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What would be the most commonly used and understood term for copulation? (i.e sex)",
"view_count": 362
} | [
{
"body": "セックス is the most direct word for it. It's likely not the most scientific way\nto describe it, but using セックス in any circumstance would make sense.\n\nIn Osaka, I've also heard people (particularly college students) say えっち as\nwell. However, it's considered slang, and it doesn't quite mean the same\nthing.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-05-31T18:34:25.653",
"id": "47896",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-31T14:25:38.350",
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"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Depends on context.\n\n「[交尾]{こうび}する」 is, I think, a rather clinical expression, applicable to animals\nin scientific literature, etc.\n\n「[性交]{せいこう}する」 is seen a lot, relative to humans, in somewhat formal or\nacademic contexts.\n\nA lot of the colloquial expressions are borrowed (often mis-borrowed) from\nforeign languages. None of them come to mind at once, sorry.\n\nI bought a book called, I think, \"Making Out in Japanese\", or maybe it was\n\"Making Out in Kansaiben\" once, so I could try to figure out what my wife was\nsaying sometimes. It didn't really help, which actually was not surprising.\n\nYet another half-answer, I suppose.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-07-01T09:30:25.287",
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| 46655 | null | 47896 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46660",
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"body": "I heard from my Japanese friends that I should avoid using the word 「来日」 when\nI'm outside of Japan.\n\nIs it true, and, if it is, has this something to do with the kanji 「来」?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T01:25:37.360",
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"owner_user_id": "5047",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Should I avoid using the word 「来日」 when referring to myself?",
"view_count": 1042
} | [
{
"body": "The word 「来日{らいにち}」 means visiting Japan. The kanji 「日」 in that word is an\nabbreviation of 「日本{にほん}」 (Japan). The kanji 「来」 can be used to express coming\nsomewhere, but I don't think there is a generally understood abbreviation\nmethod for every country.\n\nOne way to express arriving in a country:\n\n> [country]に到着{とうちゃく}する (ni tōchaku suru)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T01:43:33.820",
"id": "46659",
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},
{
"body": "Yes, it is true. 「来」 means _to come_. \nIf you are outside of Japan, you can use 「[訪日]{ほうにち}」 instead. \n「訪」 means _to visit_.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T01:48:58.983",
"id": "46660",
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| 46656 | 46660 | 46660 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46705",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For a long time I have roughly approximated 例えば to 'for example' and thought\nof 例え as a word to emphasize ～ても and similar constructions, but in the lyrics\nto [Ash like Snow](http://www.kasi-time.com/item-28631.html) by The Brilliant\nGreen, 例えば seems to be used like 例え.\n\n> 例えば光が消え失せて この地球{ほし}が堕ちても\n\nIs 例えば really being used like 例え, or am I misinterpreting it? Is this poetic\nlicence? Does this 例えば belong to one of the meanings\n[here](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/137788/meaning/m0u/)?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T01:31:14.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46658",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-20T04:36:35.790",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "9971",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"usage"
],
"title": "The difference between 例え and 例えば",
"view_count": 752
} | [
{
"body": "> 例えば光が消え失せて この地球｛ほし｝が堕ちても\n\nI visited the site and read the whole lyrics of **Ash like Snow** , and I\nfound that the 「例えば」 should be written 「例え」in this phrase as a natural\nJapanese.\n\n> For a long time I have roughly approximated 例えば to 'for example' and thought\n> of 例え as a word to emphasize ～ても and similar constructions\n\nI certify that you correctly understand the meanings of 例えば and 例え, and the\ndifference between them.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T07:08:06.183",
"id": "46670",
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},
{
"body": "In this case, 「例{たと}えば」 is used to mean 「もしも」. That is to say that it is used\nto assume a situation -- \" ** _if, for instance,_** \".\n\nObviously, that is not the most common meaning/usage of 「例えば」, but every good\ndictionary will give that definition.\n\nIt so happens that the lyrics would still make sense if 「例えば」 were to be\nreplaced by 「例え」, but I would think that the writer actually meant to use\n「例えば」 there. IMHO, therefore, it is not a matter of poetic licence.\n\n> \"Does this 例えば belong to one of the meanings here?\"\n\nYes, it is definition #3 there.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-19T13:46:05.017",
"id": "46705",
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| 46658 | 46705 | 46705 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46666",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Based on my understanding of the particle が, the title of the manga **アカメが斬る**\nshould be translated in English to **\"Akame kills\"** or **\"Akame will kill\n(someone)\"**. There was never any question in my mind since it seemed so\nobvious that が is marking the subject and indicating that アカメ (as opposed to\nsomeone else) is in fact the one executing the verb 斬る.\n\nHowever, I was reading through a fan translation and the following explanation\nwas included in the margin of the page when a character states アカメが斬るんだ in\ncontext:\n\n> This line is so poignant that I can't do it justice in the translation. the\n> line in Japanese is \"Akame ga kirunda\" or \"Akame ga kiru\", the title of the\n> manga. The title, **which is normally interpreted to mean \"Kill Akame\"** is\n> said exactly the same way here and means, \"I want you, Akame, the be the one\n> to kill me.\" In essence, it kind of makes you look at the title as \"Akame is\n> the killer\" or \"Akame kills\".\n\nI would never have assumed that アカメが斬る meant (or even could mean) \"Kill\nAkame\". However, this translator, who presumably knows Japanese pretty well,\ngoes so far as to say it is the usual understanding. Could someone please\nexplain this use of が (if in fact the translator is correct).\n\n[Volume 13 Page 156 Japanese](https://i.stack.imgur.com/LEdQX.jpg) \n[Volume 13 Page 156 English](https://i.stack.imgur.com/t144F.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T04:18:52.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46663",
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"owner_user_id": "3296",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"particles",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "The が in アカメが斬る",
"view_count": 285
} | [
{
"body": "I agree with you. This が is nothing but a subject marker. アカメが斬る means \"Akame\nslashes.\" I don't know how it can mean \"Slash Akame,\" either.\n\nIf there is a special context, アカメ **は** 斬る can mean アカメを斬る (\"Slash Akame\")\nbecause は can replace を as a contrast marker. が does not have such a function.\n\nAnyway, the translated English sentences in Page 156 seem fine to me.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T04:49:27.117",
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]
| 46663 | 46666 | 46666 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46668",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I seem to recall hearing it being used in an \"That's\ncrazy/insane/amazing\",\"WOW\" kind of way.\n\nBut looking it up, it seems to have more of a negative \"That's stupid\" kind of\nconnotation to it.\n\nIn what context can it be used? Is it really just a negative phrase denoting\nsomething stupid/idiotic?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T04:20:12.213",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46664",
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"owner_user_id": "20413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"connotation"
],
"title": "Is 馬鹿げた only used in a negative way?",
"view_count": 103
} | [
{
"body": "_Crazy_ in English can have both positive and negative connotations, and バカ\n(without げた) may have a positive, \"awesome\" connotation like _crazy_ ,\ndepending on the context. However, as far as I know, 馬鹿げた in Japanese is\nalmost always negative.\n\nTo use it like an interjection, you have to say \"馬鹿げて(い)る!\" instead of \"馬鹿げた!\"\nbecause 馬鹿げた is the attributive form.\n\nAnother word that sounds like _crazy_ and is used both positively and\nnegatively is [ヤバい](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%82%84%E3%81%B0%E3%81%84).",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T05:00:53.143",
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| 46664 | 46668 | 46668 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "1)\n\n> 元々恋愛と結婚は別のものと彼女は考えていた。\n\nand\n\n2)\n\n> 元々彼女は恋愛と結婚は別のものと考えていた。\n\nWould I be right in saying that\n\n1) focuses on the fact that she thought marriage AND love were different\n\n2) focuses on that it was HER who thought love and marriage were different\n\nAlso a little confused on the usage of particles at the end because 1) has\nは考えていた. What is the difference between は考えていた and を考えていた?\n\nThank you :)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T04:59:57.077",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46667",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-04-18T05:02:06.397",
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"owner_user_id": "19298",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "What is the difference between these two sentences?",
"view_count": 163
} | [
{
"body": "> 元々恋愛と結婚は別のものと彼女は考えていた。 \n> 元々彼女は恋愛と結婚は別のものと考えていた。\n\nI think that most Japanese think the two sentences have the same meaning.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T06:39:49.260",
"id": "46669",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-18T10:02:24.660",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-18T10:02:24.660",
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"score": 1
},
{
"body": "They have the same meaning. The difference between these sentences is word\norder, and that's about it.\n\n> 1. 元々恋愛と結婚は別のものと彼女は考えていた。\n> 2. 元々彼女は恋愛と結婚は別のものと考えていた。\n>\n\nI'd translate:\n\n> 1. Originally, love and marriage are different, she thought that.\n> 2. Originally, she thought love and marriage were different.\n>",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T09:48:02.263",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
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| 46667 | null | 46672 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46676",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am studying japanese have gone through almost all of the hiragana characters\nand was slowly also learning a bit kanji , and i want to know how to use kanji\nwhen i see one with a hiragana character next to it for example 日本に引っ越すのを持ってる\nIn this sentence i clearly only know tsu , no, te and ru but when i see these\nkanji characters i wonedr to speak the sentence what is the sound of that\nkanji? do kanji have sounds or just meaning ?\n\nin kanji i have learnt radials like woman- 女 , tree-木 , eyes-目 just a few as i\nstarted learning kanji a few days ago.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T08:50:30.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46671",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-18T14:47:43.297",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21790",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "How to read kanji when they are written together with hiragana or katakana in a sentence?",
"view_count": 3735
} | [
{
"body": "> 日本に引っ越すのを「持」ってる\n\nYou should read the phrase as: \nnihon ni hikkosu no wo **motte** iru.\n\nI think you wrote down the phrase incorrectly. It should have been;\n\n> 日本に引っ越すのを「待」っている\n\nnihon ni hikkosu no wo **matte** iru.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-18T10:50:24.517",
"id": "46675",
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"body": "Kanji have sounds too! It's not just meanings. For example, this is how they\nsound in your sentence:\n\n[日]{に}[本]{ほん}に[引]{ひ}っ[越]{こ}すのを[待]{ま}ってる\n\n[日]{Ni}[本]{hon}[に]{-ni}[引]{hi}[っ]{k}[越]{ko}[す]{su}[の]{no}[を]{o}[待]{ma}[っ]{t}[てる]{teru}\n\nThe sounds of kanji are called their \"readings\". There are more than two\nthousand kanji, and all of them have readings. (What's more, most kanji have\n_more than one_ reading; depending on context, the reading changes.) You'll\nhave to memorize all of that. It's quite hard. Good luck!\n\nRight now you should just keep studying with your Japanese course and practice\nmore.",
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| 46671 | 46676 | 46676 |
{
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"body": "# Japanese\n\n# 背景\n\n今年度、私の妻は就職できました。今年の4月から、2人とも同じ職場で大学の教員として勤めています。というわけで今回の質問です。就職時に色々な事務手続きをしなければなりません。その中で、私は事務担当者にメールを作成中です。メールの相手先は事務担当者ですが、妻にもCCしています。\n\n# 質問\n\n職場で、自分の配偶者をメールでどのように呼ぶのが丁寧でしょうか。\n\n身内に対して「X先生」を使うのは大丈夫ですか。それとも、それは「身内か外部の人か」のパターンに関係する失礼な言い方にあたりますか。どの呼び方を使用するのが一番丁寧ですか。\n\n# English\n\n# Background\n\nThis year, my wife started working here in Japan. From this April, we are both\nuniversity instructors. And that leads to this question. There's all sorts of\npaperwork for her starting work, and in the process I was e-mailing one of the\nadministrative staff and copied my wife on the e-mail.\n\n# Question\n\nAt work, what is the correct way to address one's own spouse in e-mails?\n\nIs it okay in a work context to refer to one's spouse as X先生? Or is that\ninappropriate due to the in-group / out-group patterns. What is the most\nappropriate way to refer?",
"comment_count": 11,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T10:19:10.323",
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"score": 4,
"tags": [
"keigo",
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "In a work e-mail, what is the correct way to refer to one's wife who is a coworker?",
"view_count": 155
} | [
{
"body": "> 「X先生」を使うのが大丈夫ですか。\n\n職場｛しょくば｝（大学｛だいがく｝内｛ない｝）で、他｛た｝の教員｛きょういん｝に使｛つか｝う呼称｛こしょう｝と同｛おな｝じで構｛かま｝いません。\n奥｛おく｝さん以外｛いがい｝の学内｛がくない｝の教員｛きょういん｝にメールで「＊＊＊先生｛せんせい｝」と宛名｛あてな｝を書｛か｝くなら、奥｛おく｝さんにも「〇〇〇\n先生｛せんせい｝」と書｛か｝いてください。\n\nところで、質問者｛しつもん｝と奥様｛おくさま｝は苗字｛みょうじ｝/名字｛みょうじ｝が同｛おな｝じでしょうから、質問者｛しつもんしゃ｝であるあなたと奥様｛おくさま｝とを職場｛しょくば｝で区別｛くべつ｝するために姓｛せい｝・名｛めい｝を書｛か｝く必要｛ひつよう｝があります。\n\n日本｛にほん｝での一｛ひと｝つの習慣｛しゅうかん｝で、苗字｛みょうじ｝が同｛おな｝じで別人｛べつじん｝を区別｛くべつ｝するために、姓名｛せいめい｝全部｛ぜんぶ｝を書｛か｝くのでなく、名｛めい｝の部分｛ぶぶん｝を次｛つぎ｝のように省略｛しょうりゃく｝して区別｛くべつ｝する場合｛ばあい｝も普通｛ふつう｝に実施｛じっし｝されています。\n\n> 鈴木 妙子、 鈴木 和夫 → 鈴木（妙）、鈴木（和）",
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| 46673 | 46674 | 46674 |
{
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"body": "I don't know when I have to use _totemo_ and _takusan_. They both mean \"very\",\ndon't they?",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "When do I have to use たくさん and とても?",
"view_count": 7982
} | [
{
"body": "> They both mean \"very\", don't they?\n\nNo, while とても means \"very\", たくさん does not.\n\n * たくさん is an adjective, means \"a lot of\", or \"plenty of\", and you use it generally for describing noun quantity.\n\nE.g. たくさんのお金{かね} = a lot of money\n\n * とても is an adverb modifying adjectives.\n\nE.g. とてもうれしい = very glad\n\nBoth words are used similarly to their English counterparts.",
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| 46677 | null | 46678 |
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"body": "I started to read The Alchemist (both in Japanese and English) and I'm not\nable to understand the meaning of といった in this sentence: 少年の名はサンチャゴといった。 The\nequivalent of that sentence in the English version is \"The boy's name was\nSantiago\".",
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"tags": [
"meaning",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "What does といった mean?",
"view_count": 152
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{
"body": "\"The boy's name was called Santiago\". Or you could think of it as \"So far as\nthe boy's name was concerned, he was called Santiago\". I don't think a native-\nspeaker would worry over-much about what the \"subject\" of といった is, although\nEnglish rather forces the question on us.\n\nThis was ordinary usage in English at one time. In the King James Version of\nthe Bible the account of Jesus's circumcision/naming ceremony has \"His name\nwas called Jesus\" where more modern translations have \"He was named Jesus\".",
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| 46680 | null | 46687 |
{
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"body": "新宿区立新宿中央公園は西新宿、都会のど真ん中にある公園。 ジョギングブームだからか、一昔前まではなかったジョギングコースの案内板があり、\nここでジョギングをする人たちもちらほら。\n\nI cant seem to wrap my head around だからか here, what exactly is the か and what\nis it trying to emphasize? Here is my attempt at the translation\n\n> In the west of Shinjuku is Shinjuku central park. It is located in the\n> center of the city. Even before this was a jogging course there were\n> direction boards, and now you will find joggers here and there at the park\n> running.\n\nI hope I understood somewhat correctly, please feel to correct any mistakes.\nThank you.",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the か for after だから here",
"view_count": 145
} | [
{
"body": "> 「～～だからか」\n\nmeans:\n\n> \"most likely because of ~~\"\n\nIt expresses the speaker's (best) guess or inference as to the reason for\nsomething. The speaker is pretty sure of the reason but is just not 100% on\nit, so he attaches the question marker 「か」.\n\n> \"Most likely because of the popularity of jogging, there is now a direction\n> board for the jogging courses, which did not exist a while back, and you\n> will find joggers here and there at the park running.\"",
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| 46682 | 46683 | 46683 |
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"body": "So the story is A brings home a cake to B and tells him to eat it however B\nresponds with this\n\n> だ、騙されんぞ。今は夕飯前だ。この時間は夕飯が **入らなくなるからと** 、食べさせてくれないだろう？\n\nWhat I don't get is the 入らなくなるからと.",
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"tags": [
"meaning"
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"title": "What does [入]{はい}らなくなるからと mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 217
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{
"body": "> 夕飯{ゆうめし}が入{はい}らなくなるから **と**\n\n≒\n\n> 『夕飯が入らなくなるから』 **と**\n\nIn other words, the 「と」 is quotative.\n\n≒\n\n> 『夕飯が入らなくなるから』 **と** 言{い}って\n\nor\n\n> 『夕飯が入らなくなるから』 **と** いう理由{りゆう}で\n\nEven without knowing what this story is about, the meaning of the line is\nperfectly clear.\n\n> \"I won't be fooled. It's just before dinner now. You wouldn't normally let\n> me eat anything around this time, saying I wouldn't be able to eat the\n> dinner (if I ate something).\"\n\n「夕飯が入らなくなる」 literally means \"dinner becomes unable to go into (me/my\nstomach).\"\n\nThus, I used \"I wouldn't be able to eat the dinner\" in my own translation.\n\nSeems like the speaker does not trust Person A and/or the cake.",
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"body": "I think it goes like this:\n\n騙されん = 騙されない \"will not be tricked\"\n\n入らない is いらない , meaning \"does not need\" , i.e. \"will not want\", properly\nwritten either with hiragana or with the kanji 要: 要らない . So いらなくなる , \"it will\nbecome that I do not want\" means \"I shall cease to want\", \"I shall lose my\ndesire for\", and いらなくなるから = \"because I shall not want\". と is the \"quotative と\n\" and からと means \"stating that it is because\", \"giving the reason that\", \"on\nthe grounds that\".\n\nA literalish version would go:\n\n\"I shall not be deceived. Now is [just] before dinner time. At this time\n[he/she/you/they/somebody] won't let me eat it on the grounds that I shall\ncease to want my dinner - isn't that right?\".\n\nAs a somewhat more natural version, I'd suggest:\n\n\"You won't catch me out. It's nearly dinner time, and [whoever-it-is] wouldn't\nlet me eat it now because they'd say it would spoil my appetite for dinner -\nright?\"\n\nNote in passing the difference between から, meaning \"because\", \"for the true or\nvalid reason that\", and からといって \"on the false or spurious grounds that\".",
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| 46684 | 46685 | 46685 |
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"body": "I found the following dialogue in a manga.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1TJII.png)\n\n> 繋がれてる【つながれてる】からって\n>\n> **からかっちゃ** ダメですって\n\nMy thinking is that the person speaking is describing what the dog is\n\"saying\", i.e. \"I'm tied to this pole! Dont' **???** \"\n\nWhere the **???** is the meaning of the word/phrase からかっちゃ which I don't know\nhow to parse. My only guess so far was that it is a contraction, からかっちゃ =\nからかっては.\n\nLooking for more occurrences of the phrase I found that it might be a\ncatchphrase of sorts of another manga character, but that didn't help me grasp\nthe meaning.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6ygjt.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-18T19:48:30.183",
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"tags": [
"manga",
"parsing"
],
"title": "What does からかっちゃ mean?",
"view_count": 388
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{
"body": "You are correct. からかっちゃ is a contraction of からかっては, where からかう is the verb you\ncame across in your comment. Although it is probably better translated here as\n\"tease\" or \"harass\".\n\nSo speaking about the dog,\n\n> 繋がれてるからってからかっちゃダメですって → Just because he's tied/chained up doesn't mean you\n> can tease the dog!",
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| 46689 | 46691 | 46691 |
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"body": "I came across the expression あいにくの天気.\n\nAccording to the dictionary あいにく can be a na-adjective, an adverb, a noun and\na no-adjective.\n\nSo, why is の used in the above expression (instead of な)?\n\nIn this and other such words that can be both na-adjectives and no-adjectives,\nhow does one choose whether to use the na-form or the no-form?",
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"score": 12,
"tags": [
"adjectives"
],
"title": "How to choose between a na- and a no-adjective form of a word that takes both?",
"view_count": 1434
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{
"body": "This is a very good question. \nAccording to the Question and Answer on the Internet\n<https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1189040481> , \nyour question is very difficult to explain grammatically even to\nJapanese（＝日本人）.\n\nThe only things that can be clearly stated are:\n\n 1. That あいにくの occurs more frequently than あいにくな as an adjective.\n 2. In some set phrases such as あいにくなことに, the な form is commonly used.\n\nBy your question and by Felipe Oliveira's comment to my answer, I could\nrealize the difficulty of the correct usage of a particular adjective which\nhave both attributes of ノ-adjective and ナ-adjective. I could understand the\ndifficulty that a non-native Japanese may confront in studying Japanese\nearnestly.\n\nI searched on the Internet for what may help your question. I found some\nresearch papers on this theme.\n\nI'll show you some extracts from the two papers.\n\nIn the first paper titled 「ナ形容詞とノ形容詞のイメージ」 you could find adjective samples\nshowing the priority between の and な in table 4 (表｛ひょう｝４).\n\nIn the second paper titled 「日本語教育における形容動詞の扱い」 the researcher tells that this\nkind of problem is hard for non-native Japanese.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CeIsy.jpg)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/maKyH.jpg)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/daMTH.jpg)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/flPdI.jpg)",
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"body": "The basic difference is that な is gradable and の is not. For example, consider\nthe word 最低. It has two meanings: “the lowest” and “(to have) terrible\ncharacter”.\n\nYou cannot say 最低な to mean “the lowest” (a clearly binary attribute: it is\neither the lowest or not), it can only mean “terrible” (a potentially gradable\nattribute: there are degrees of terribleness). So *最低な点数 is weird (barring\nreally odd scenarios).\n\n最低の on the other hand works with both meanings. This means that the \"terrible\"\nmeaning can be accessed with _both_ 最低の and 最低な. I think if you say 最低の男 with\nthe “terrible” meaning it feels a bit more like “ **the** worst guy ever”, as\nopposed 最低なやつ which feels a bit more like “ **a** guy with a terrible\npersonality”. That said, it’s a faint difference.\n\nThis works with other の/な-compatible 最 adjectives like 最高 too. Is it **the**\nbest (binary, の) or **awesome** (gradable, な).\n\nI think it’s best to understand this as an evolution, where the words started\nas の adjectives, with only their literal “lowest” and “highest” meanings, then\nthey took on the extra meanings which feel more gradable, and as a result\nstarted accepting な as well, but the の also remained usable.\n\n* * *\n\nWith other adjectives like あいにく, it’s not quite as clear, because there's only\na single meaning to the word, but I think the same distinction holds. And\nimportantly, I feel like an extension of the distinction is that 〜な, due to\nbeing gradable, feels more like making a judgment call about something — it’s\nmore of an opinion or feeling. 〜の feels more like a “fact”, because it’s\nclaiming that the referent is 100% that attribute.\n\nSo taking two examples from 大辞林, 「あいにくなお天気です」 feels more like “ah the weather\nis too bad isn’t it” (too bad = opinion) while 「あいにくの雨で一歩も外へ出られなかった」is more\nlike “due to the (unequivocally) unfortunate rain, I couldn’t take even a\nsingle step outside”, where there is little room for discussion about whether\nthe rain was unfortunate — it was 100% unfortunate from the perspective of the\nspeaker.",
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| 46690 | 46692 | 46692 |
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"body": "I think くる in this sentence is supposed to be in past tense, right ? then why\ndid they use くる here ?\n\n> 戦後、経済の高度成長とともに、生活にも少し余裕ができてくると、欧米の生活様式や考え方がたくさん入ってきた。",
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"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "what did they mean to use くる in the past time?",
"view_count": 346
} | [
{
"body": "> 「Mini-Sentence **A** + **と** + Mini-Sentence **B** 」\n\nIn this sentence pattern using the conjunctive particle 「 **と** 」(\" **\n_when_** \"), the **main verb in Mini Sentence A must always be in the\npredicative form (terminal form)** . There is no exception to this rule\nwhether you like it or not. It does not matter when the action/event described\nby that verb took place. In this respect, **Mini Sentence A is tense-less**.\n\n(The predicative form **_happens_** to be the same as the present-tense form,\nbut that does not mean you can call the verb in Mini-Sentence A the \"present-\ntense form\".)\n\nMini Sentence **B** , however, must be put in the correct tense that will\nindicate when the action took/takes/will take place.\n\n> 「戦後{せんご}、経済{けいざい}の高度成長{こうどせいちょう}とともに、生活{せいかつ}にも少{すこ}し余裕{よゆう}ができて **くる**\n> と、欧米{おうべい}の生活様式{せいかつようしき}や考{かんが}え方{かた}がたくさん入{はい}って **きた** 。」\n\nThis sentence is a good example of that rule in use. **Everything that is\ndescribed in the sentence took place a few decades ago including\n「生活にも少し余裕ができてくる」**. The fact that that mini-sentence would be written in the\npast tense in English is completely irrelevant as the language we are\ndiscussing here is none other than Japanese.\n\nIf your goal, however, is translation (instead of Japanese reading\ncomprehension), then that should sound most natural in the target language. Go\nahead and put 「余裕ができてくる」 in the past tense.\n\nMy own TL attempt:\n\n> \"After WWII, when people started having money to spare as our economy\n> boomed, a great deal of western life styles and ideas began to be imported.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T07:55:07.723",
"id": "46698",
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{
"body": "Everything that @l'électeur mentioned is correct, just wanted to add a note\nabout the particular implications of 「S1 と、S2」. More than just meaning \"when\",\nit expresses a _natural_ causality or sequence of events, that might even be\nbetter conveyed by \"whenever\" in some cases. (If any of my examples are\nmisleading or mistaken, let me know. I am not native so I might miss a nuance\nhere or there.\n\n * 「ボタンを押すと、電気が消えます」(Whenever [and because] you press the button, the light turns off)\n * 「犬が夜中に吠えると、となりの人が「うるせぇ！」と大声で叫びます」(Whenever [and because] a dog barks in the middle of the night, my neighbor yells \"Quiet!!\" loudly)\n * 「転学して友達とお別れを言うと、さびしくなるような気がする」(When [and because] I transfer schools and have to say goodbye to my friends, I have a feeling that I will feel lonely)\n\nIn the last case, it is more of an emphasis on the _causal_ relation than on\nthe _reproducibility_ of the situation, though repetitive situations make the\ncausality clearer.\n\nIn any case, in order for there to be any kind of causality, the first\nsentence has to be in the non-past tense (as the grammar is fairly uniform,\nand saying \"whenever you pushed the button, the light will turn out\" makes no\nsense). This applies even for when the overall situation is in the past tense,\nbecause the implication is that, _if the same situation were to happen today_\n, the outcome would be unchanged. (The button still controls the light, the\nneighbor still is mad about the dog, and changing schools will still make you\nlonely). The same time-independent causality applies to your sentence as well.\n\nI hope that I helped explain things at least slightly more understandably.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-05-25T01:54:14.887",
"id": "47717",
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| 46693 | 46698 | 46698 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46696",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm confused about the phrase \"Ai suru hito\" being translated as \"beloved\nones\" in the phrase\n\n\"Ooshiku tatta wakamono wa Ai suru hito o kabaitsutsu \"\n\nAs far as I understand, aisuru is translated as \"to love\". But here it is used\nas an adjective. Is it rightly translated? and if so, is it common for verbs\nto used like adjectives by placing them before a noun?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T03:00:55.247",
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"owner_user_id": "9878",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"verbs",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "is \"Ai suru hito\" rightly translated as \"beloved persons\"?",
"view_count": 1281
} | [
{
"body": "愛する人 technically means either \"the person one loves\" (=one's beloved person)\nor \"the person who loves someone\", depending on the context. In this context\nit's the former because \"protecting the person he loves\" makes sense here but\n\"protecting the person who loves someone\" does not.\n\nIt is very common for verbs to be used like adjectives, and that's called\n**relative clauses**. Unlike English, Japanese relative clauses modifies\nsomething that follows. If you don't know Japanese relative clauses, please\n[read this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/14550/5010).\n\n> 若者が 人を 愛する (a youth loves a person) \n> ［若者が ＿＿ 愛する］ 人 (a person whom a youth loves)\n\nRecently I introduced [this\npost](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/1016/5010) to you. Once you\nunderstand Japanese relative clauses, it should be more clear why some people\nsay Japanese i-adjectives are grammatically more like verbs, and, in this\ncase, why a normal verb looked like an adjective to you.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-19T03:29:59.260",
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| 46695 | 46696 | 46696 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46699",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can somebody please tell me an equivalent word to say \"recap\" in Japanese ? I\nwant to express the following in Japanese:\n\n> Let me recap the results we discussed in the last presentation\n\nIf necessary, the 'last presentation' is an event that took place in past. How\ndo I say this in Japanese ?\n\nI looked it up in weblio translator site which showed 要約 which I don't feel as\nappropriate for this situation.\n\nI found the following answer when I searched recap in this site: [Meaning of\n様子を交える](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/29739/meaning-\nof-%E6%A7%98%E5%AD%90%E3%82%92%E4%BA%A4%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B/30263#30263)\n\nI dont think 総括 is used to mean recap. Native Japanese mostly use it to mean\n\"generalize\" .\n\nPlease help.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T07:31:50.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "20385",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "\"Recap\"-equivalent Japanese word",
"view_count": 492
} | [
{
"body": "The phrases I would recommend are:\n\n・（簡単{かんたん}に）要点{ようてん}をおさらいする\n\n・（簡単に）要点をまとめる\n\n・ 概要{がいよう}を繰{く}り返{かえ}す\n\nIf you are speaking instead of writing, I would especially recommend the first\ntwo.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T08:37:34.587",
"id": "46699",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
]
| 46697 | 46699 | 46699 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46701",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having trouble understanding this paragraph:\n\n>\n> 抗争相手に浮上している元世界ヘビー級王者のドルフ・ジグラー（３６）を「サイズは自分のほうがあるけど、機動力とかレスリングのベースは信頼できる技術は持ってるなと思いますね」と評したが、スマックダウンには新日本プロレス時代のライバル・ＡＪスタイルズを筆頭に強敵が揃う。\n\nI think there's an implied verb in 抗争相手に浮上 and after ドルフ・ジグラー（３６）を. Also I'm\nnot sure whether the speaker is talking about himself or his oponent(ドルフ・ジグラー)\nin this line: (the speaker is taller than ドルフ・ジグラー)\n\n> 「サイズは自分のほうがあるけど、機動力とかレスリングのベースは信頼できる技術は持ってるなと思いますね」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T11:05:25.953",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "17515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Problem with implied verbs",
"view_count": 105
} | [
{
"body": "I don't think a verb is implied somewhere. 抗争相手に浮上している is a relative clause\nthat modifies 元世界級ヘビー王者. (Alternatively, you can think 抗争相手に浮上している and\n元世界ヘビー級王者の independently modify ジグラー.)\n\n> [抗争相手に浮上している→]元世界王者 \n> A former world heavyweight champion who has emerged as a rival (of the\n> interviewee)\n\nドルフ・ジグラー is the object of 評した.\n\n> ドルフ・ジグラーを「～」と評した \n> (The interviewee) commented about Dolph Ziggler, \"～\"\n>\n> 抗争相手に浮上している元世界ヘビー級王者のドルフ・ジグラー（３６）を「～」と評した \n> (The interviewee) commented about Dolph Ziggler, a former world heavyweight\n> champion who has emerged as his rival, \"～\".\n\nIn the quote, the speaker is of course talking about Ziggler's skill\n(\"Although I am taller, I think _Ziggler_ has a skill ...\").",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T12:21:01.523",
"id": "46701",
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"parent_id": "46700",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 46700 | 46701 | 46701 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I have two statements in my notes, about a restaurant on the first floor. One\nis a neutral statement, one is talking about things on the first floor. I am\nnot entirely sure of the context to use them in. Could somebody help please?\n\n> 一階に レストランが あります - There is a restaurant on the first floor (neutral\n> statement)\n>\n> 一階には レストランが あります - On the first floor there is a restaurant. (Talking about\n> what is on the first floor).\n\nI think the second example には might be used when discussing the first floor,\nand perhaps the conversation is about all the shops etc. there. But I am\nunsure.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T13:12:47.147",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46702",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-20T00:15:06.587",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4071",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Help understanding neutral statement vs... er, non-neutral? に / には",
"view_count": 227
} | []
| 46702 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46706",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Both seem to mean \"release date\", but I've heard that 公開日{こうかいび} is typically\nused to refer to movie release dates, and 発売日{はつばいび} to book release dates. Is\nthis true, and are there any other differences between the two?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T13:36:04.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46704",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-19T14:18:54.213",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-19T14:18:54.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18391",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"words",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Is there a difference between 公開日 and 発売日?",
"view_count": 275
} | [
{
"body": "Talking about movies, you would use 公開日 for the release date in cinemas and\n発売日 for the day the DVD goes on sale.\n\n公開日 refers to the first day something is accessible to the public.\n\n発売日 refers to the first day an item is purchasable.\n\nGenerally one will be more natural than the other, depending on the type of\n\"product\". You use 公開日 for things you \"go and see\" and 発売日 for things you\n\"(purchase and) take home\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T13:51:54.207",
"id": "46706",
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{
"body": "The 「公開」 in 「公開日」 is literally \"public opening\" and the 「発売」 in 「発売日」 is\nliterally \"start to sell\". You are right that 公開日 is used for [movie release\ndates](http://eiga.com/coming/). This probably just comes from the fact that\nyou don't sell physical copies of movie screenings like you do with\n[books](http://books.rakuten.co.jp/event/book/comic/calendar/) ([and video\ngames](https://www.famitsu.com/schedule/)).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T13:53:57.860",
"id": "46707",
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"owner_user_id": "19206",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 46704 | 46706 | 46706 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am currently studying Japanese and one of the recent grammar points I ran\ninto is the construct「〜を中心［に・と］する」.\n\nI was wondering whether the choice of particle has any particular connotation,\nor whether there is any sort of rule for deciding which one to use.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T14:43:11.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46709",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-28T19:07:58.700",
"last_edit_date": "2022-04-28T19:07:58.700",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "21802",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"particles",
"particle-に",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "中心にする vs. 中心とする",
"view_count": 1173
} | [
{
"body": "* Aに： A ←\n * Aと： \" A \"\n\nSo, ～を中心に feels like you are setting something at the center by moving\nyourself like when you are targeting the object, while ～を中心とする feels like you\njust regard something that is already fixed there as the center.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T01:20:57.607",
"id": "46766",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-22T01:20:57.607",
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{
"body": "IMO 中心とする sounds slightly more pretentious (or at least formal) than 中心にする.\nE.g. it's natural to say この枝を中心にして焚き火を組み立てよう, but unnatural to say\nこの枝を中心として焚き火を組み立てよう because it's an odd word choice for such a mundane\nsituation. Conversely, 天皇を中心にした社会 sounds oddly \"light\" and temporary compared\nto the more natural 天皇を中心とする社会.\n\nIf I focus on the difference in nuances, I think を中心とする sounds more settled or\nrobustly supported, whereas 中心にして feels more temporary and not yet\n\"confirmed\". Hence, if I hear この箱を中心にする the decision may or may not have taken\nplace (yet). Whereas if I hear この箱を中心とする the decision has already been taken\n(in the speaker's mind).\n\nThat said the difference is subtle and it's still ok to say things like\n太陽を中心に惑星が公転する (even though that is clearly settled).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2022-04-28T09:22:17.353",
"id": "94307",
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| 46709 | null | 94307 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46712",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I wonder if [PPAP](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0E00Zuayv9Q) song by\n[Kazuhito Kosaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimaou_Kosaka) actually has a\nsecret meaning?\n\nAs far as I know, words in Japanese can mean several different things\ndepending on their conjuctions or one's interpretation.\n\n**Question:** Is there a secret second meaning in words like \"Pen-Pineapple-\nApple-Pen\" when translated into Japanese language and/or written in a certain\nway?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T17:08:09.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46711",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-16T20:42:30.230",
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"owner_user_id": "21803",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "Is there a secret meaning in PPAP song?",
"view_count": 10694
} | [
{
"body": "I think the song doesn't have any secret meanings.\n\nI saw his interview about the song. He has made songs with a computer. One day\nhe sat in front of a desk in order to make a song. He had already made the\nrhythm of the song at that time, so he only needed to make the lyrics of the\nsong. When he was listening to the rhythm, he had a pen and there was an apple\non the desk. He happened to stick the pen into the apple and thought this was\nan \"apple pen\".\n\nHe likes puns. The words \"apple\" and \"pineapple\" are similar, so he thought\nthe pronunciation of \"Pen-Pineapple-Apple-Pen\" was interesting.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-19T17:48:48.590",
"id": "46712",
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"parent_id": "46711",
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"score": 4
}
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| 46711 | 46712 | 46712 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46717",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> **これは** 地図に経緯度が使われるようになって **から** の習慣 **であって** 、古い地図には **南が上のものも多い** 。\n> ([source: line\n> 8-9](https://www.docdroid.net/847v2dg/img-20170413-0001-new.pdf.html))\n\n 1. これは \nWhat does this これ represent? I guess it shall somehow pick up what was said\nbefore, but for that, I learnt that そ- is used. So I'd like to know whether it\ndoes the same thing as そ- here or something else.\n\n 2. から I guess this から has a temporal function and confers anteriority here? Since I have issues with the sentence in general, I'd like to confirm this, because I really don't know whether my interpretation of the sentence is reliable or not with so many uncertainties around...^^\n\n 3. であって \nて-form of である right?\n\n 4. 南が上のものも多い \nI really don't know what to make of this. First, もの. What is it? I guess its\n物, but I'm not 100% sure. Second, as I said, I have no idea what to do with\nthis phrase. I don't really know what to do with the particle も here, and\nwhile I do know that Japanese can work perfectly with nominal phrases only, I\nsimply don't know what this part wants to tell me content-wise.\n\n* * *\n\nTo give an overview how I interpreted these elements in context, here's my try\nat translating it as far as I could:\n\n> _This_ since on maps longitude and latitude being used _habit being there_ ,\n> on old maps the south has many upper things/things on top.\n\nIn my interpretation, I treated the parts in italics as one syntactical unit.\nTheir correlate in the Japanese original would be これは...習慣であって.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-20T00:10:55.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46714",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-11T23:53:02.293",
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"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "これは地図に経緯度が使われるようになってからの習慣であって、古い地図には南が上のものも多い",
"view_count": 214
} | [
{
"body": "1. これ can refer to what is previously mentioned, just like _this_ in English. In conversations それ is usually used to refer to what the other person said (それは違います = \"That's incorrect\"), but in written documents これ is primarily used to refer to something just said in the previous sentence.\n\n 2. This から means _since_ or _after_. Because it's used with の, this から modifies the following noun, which is 習慣. See: [using の with と,で, から, まで](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33605/5010)\n\n 3. Yes であって is the te-form of である. Here this te-form is nothing more than _and_ used to connect two sentences and forms a compound sentence.\n\n 4. 南が上のものも多い: This もの is a pronoun that is used instead of repeating 地図 again. The English equivalent is _one_ as in \"I don't have a map, do you have _one_?\" This も is simply _also_ , which can be used in place of the subject marker が. **EDIT:** 南が上の is a mini-sentence \"南が上だ\", used as a relative clause modifying もの. So a more literal translation is \"ones where south is upper\". [だ is changed to either な or の](http://www.japaneseprofessor.com/reference/grammar/conjugations-of-the-japanese-copula/) depending on the noun before it. Since 上 is a noun also known as no-adjective, you have to use の. See [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/4914/5010), too. Similar examples are 襟が緑色のドレス (a dress whose collar is green) and 漢字が大量の本 (a book full of kanji).\n\n* * *\n\n> これは地図に経緯度が使われるようになってからの習慣であって、古い地図には南が上のものも多い。 \n> (literally) This is a custom after longitude and latitude started to be\n> used on maps, and, among old maps, ones with south at the top are also\n> abundant.",
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| 46714 | 46717 | 46717 |
{
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"body": "I'm not sure how to interpret やら in this line:\n\n> そしてランディ・オートン、ジョン・シナと、同じ時代を戦ってきた人間としてやらなきゃいけないなと思ってますけど\n\nFrom this paragraph:\n\n>\n> 「真っ先にＡＪというのもありますし。お互い新しい成長もあるだろうし。そしてランディ・オートン、ジョン・シナと、同じ時代を戦ってきた人間としてやらなきゃいけないなと思ってますけど」と将来的な対戦に目を輝かせた。\n\nI'm not even sure about the meaning of this line, but I think it's saying that\nthe speaker wants to fight ランディ・オートン and ジョン・シナ or wants to fight at his\nlevel. In the context the speaker is being interviewed about his debut in the\nWWE (he is from japan and I think he's talking about his new opponents. Also\nall this guys have similar age, maybe that has something to do with 同じ時代)",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T02:26:23.440",
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"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of やら in this sentence",
"view_count": 381
} | []
| 46716 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46720",
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"body": "For the most part (contextually) these phrases seem to be interchangeable,\nlike \"really?!\", \"for real?!\", \"seriously?!\" etc.\n\nAre there cases/scenarios when only one would be applicable?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T05:53:56.617",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "「そうなの？！」、「マジで？！」、「本当に？！」",
"view_count": 378
} | [
{
"body": "Well, for starters let's say that you probably don't want to say マジで？！ to your\nboss. :)\n\nMaybe native speakers can be more specific but as far as I know the main\ndifference is in politeness level, the meaning is the same.\n\nSo in a formal situation you would want to use 本当ですか, while if you are talking\nwith a close friend you can say “マジで？” that is way more casual (and similarly\nfor そうなの).\n\nAt this [link](http://www.it-\nhiroshima.ac.jp/shushoku/zaigk/mensetu/mense2_4.html) you can actually even\nsee that マジ is listed as a common mistake people sometimes make in formal\nsituations where 本当ですか should be used.\n\nPs. let me make clear that hence also 本当に? is actually quite casual (I think\nless than マジで though) and so when in doubt is always better to use 本当ですか\ninstead. Here is another related\n[link](https://hinative.com/ja/questions/920175).",
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| 46718 | 46720 | 46720 |
{
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"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BIUfE.jpg)\n\nHopefully someone is able to let me know what this symbol means. I took a\nguess that it might be Japanese, but please direct me elsewhere if it is not!\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T11:32:26.287",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"symbols"
],
"title": "Could someone please explain what this Japanese symbol means?",
"view_count": 3241
} | [
{
"body": "It is originally Chinese, but in Mandarin it has been simplified so it looks\ndifferent. The Japanese variant might however still be present in some parts\nof the Chinese speaking world, such as Taiwan.\n\nAnyway, from a Japanese perspective, it says 楽, pronounced raku, and means\n\"with ease\" or \"comfort\". You can also add a suffix to the kanji creating the\nword 楽しい, which is pronounced \"tanoshii\" and means \"fun\".\n\nIt is also used in various combinations with other characters to create other\nwords, such as 楽器, pronounced gakki. The second part means \"tool\", so a \"tool\nfor fun\" is how to say the word \"musical instrument\" in Japanese.",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T12:01:11.423",
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"body": "I think that glossing 楽器 as \"tool for fun\" is a bit misleading. In Chinese the\ncharacter 楽 (old form 樂) represented both the word for \"pleasure\" and the word\nfor \"music\", which had different pronunciations. That's why in Japanese this\ncharacter is pronounced らく in words to do with pleasure , such as 行楽 (こうらく) ,\n\"a pleasure trip\", and がく in words to do with music, such as 音楽 (おんがく),\n\"music\". 楽器 (がっき)is literally a \"music instrument\".\n\nIn the Analects, Book 16 Section 5, Confucius is recorded as saying \"There are\nthree things people take pleasure in that are beneficial and three things\npeople take pleasure in that are harmful. Taking pleasure in the\ndiscriminating study of rituals and music, taking pleasure in talking about\nthe virtues of other people and taking pleasure in having many friends are\nbeneficial. Taking pleasure in extravagance, taking pleasure in idleness and\nloafing about and taking pleasure in feasting are harmful.\" \"Taking pleasure\nin\" is 楽 in all cases. \"Music\" is also 楽. \"Taking pleasure in the\ndiscriminating study of rituals and music\" is: 楽節礼楽 - \"take pleasure /\ndiscriminate / ritual / music\". There are other passages in the Confucian\nClassics which make word-plays on the two meanings of this kanji.\n\nEnglish also has a word meaning both \"pleasure\" and \"music\": \"glee\", as in \"he\nhugged himself with glee\" and \"he joined the glee-club\". The two things are\nobviously connected: the purpose of music is to give pleasure.",
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| 46722 | null | 46728 |
{
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"body": "Is it proper or acceptable to say \"僕はもともとNew Yorkから来まして。。。\" during a formal\nself-introduction? This would be in the presence of superiors. Or does anyone\nknow a better way to begin a 自己紹介?\n\nThank you in advance for the help!",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Use of もともと in a self- introduction 自己紹介",
"view_count": 295
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{
"body": "I would go with\n\n> （もともと）ニューヨーク出身で。。。\n\nSince new york is well known. Else I would have specified the country first.\n\nI don't think there is anything wrong with もともと in this scenario. It is\noptional and quite neutral. It won't impress them, but it won't be impolite\neither. Although I wouldn't worry too much. I doubt they will be so picky if\nyou are a foreigner anyway.",
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"body": "Whether or not it is appropriate to use 「元々{もともと}」 in your self-introduction\nwould depend on how you ended up at your present place of residence.\n\n> Straight from New York:\n\nIf you just came to your current city/country, etc. **_straight from New\nYork_** where you were born and raised, it is **_not_** very natural to use\n「元々」. You might say:\n\n「ニューヨーク出身{しゅっしん}です。」 or\n\n「ニューヨークから参{まい}りました。」 (You used 「来{く}る」, but it is informal, so I used 「参る」.)\n\nDisclaimer: It is not a crime to use 「元々」 in this case, but in a place like\nthis, that is how I would answer your question.\n\n> Via at least one other place:\n\nIf you have lived in at least one other place prior to living where you live\nnow after originally living in New York for x years, it is appropriate to use\n「元々」. You could say:\n\n「 **元々** ニューヨーク出身です。」\n\nand you may tell what other places you have lived before coming to your\ncurrent place.\n\n**IMPORTANT: Drop the first-person pronoun. They know who you are talking\nabout.**",
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| 46723 | null | 46729 |
{
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"body": "Is 「お尻には落ちた」 the correct way to say \"I fell on my ass\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T14:11:58.253",
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"id": "46726",
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"owner_user_id": "10476",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"phrases",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How to say \"I fell on my ass\"?",
"view_count": 3128
} | [
{
"body": "> I fell on my ass.\n\n「尻餅｛しりもち｝をついた」\n\n「私、しりもちついちゃった。」\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TZTpk.jpg)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SHsa8.jpg)",
"comment_count": 10,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T14:16:39.173",
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| 46726 | 46727 | 46727 |
{
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"body": "Which is the correct translation in Japanese?\n\n> He both sings and plays the guitar. \n> 彼は歌うのもギターを弾くのもする。 \n> 彼は歌いもギターを弾きもする。\n>\n> He neither sings nor plays the guitar. \n> 彼は歌うのもギターを弾くのもしない。 \n> 彼は歌いもギターを弾きもしない。\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 1,
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"owner_user_id": "15867",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "both...and, neither...nor",
"view_count": 1189
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{
"body": "None of your sentences look correct or natural, I am afraid to say. To say\nthese, 「歌{うた}を歌う」 is more natural than just 「歌う」.\n\n> both ~~ and ~~\n\n「歌{うた}も歌{うた}うし、ギターも弾{ひ}く」\n\n「歌も歌って、ギターも弾く」\n\n「歌も歌い、ギターも弾く」\n\nInformally, you could say:\n\n「歌もギターもやる」\n\n> neither ~~ nor ~~\n\n「歌も歌わないし、ギターも弾かない」\n\n「歌も歌わなくて、ギターも弾かない」\n\nInformally:\n\n「歌もギターもやらない。」",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-20T16:57:01.650",
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| 46730 | 46731 | 46731 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46745",
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"body": "From this paragraph:\n\n>\n> 中邑はかつての戦友たちの気持ちをおもんぱかりながらも「最近の日本のプロレスのスタイルというか、特に危険な技の応酬という意味では、そういうトレンドになっていた。本間さんの件もしかり、重傷者が出てきているということに考えたり、変える必要がある時期なんじゃないかな。各レスラーが今の危険な技だったり、リスクを顧みない試合について考えないといけない」と警鐘を鳴らした。\n\nThere are two things I don't understand:\n\n-Is there some sort of connection between というか and という意味では in this line(I think he's talking about wrestling style as a whole but then kind of backs down): \n\n> 「最近の日本のプロレスのスタイル **というか** 、特に危険な技の応酬 **という意味では** 、そういうトレンドになっていた。\n\n-And this line(Is it saying that nowadays each wrestler possess dangerous moves?):\n\n> 各レスラーが今の危険な技だったり",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T00:34:45.210",
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"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "How to interpret というか and だったり",
"view_count": 1384
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{
"body": "というか is a word used before trying to rephrase/re-explain something. It's close\nto \"or rather\" or \"I mean\" in English.\n\n～という意味では literally means \"in the sense of ～\", but here you can roughly\ntranslate this as \"as far as ～ goes\", \"if you mean ～\", or \"speaking of ～\",\netc.\n\nSo he first tried to say 最近の日本のプロレスのスタイルという意味では (\"regarding the recent style\nof Japanese pro wrestling\"), but stopped saying it in the middle and rephrased\nit to something more specific, 危険な技の応酬という意味では.\n\n> 最近の日本のプロレスのスタイルというか、特に危険な技の応酬という意味では、そういうトレンドになっていた。 \n> Speaking of the recent style of Japanese pro wrestling... I mean, (speaking\n> of) the exchange of dangerous moves in particular, (yes, certainly,) there\n> have been such a trend.\n\nAnd this sentence:\n\n> 各レスラーが今の危険な技だったり、リスクを顧みない試合について考えないといけない。 \n> Each wrestler must (re)think about (things like) dangerous moves and\n> reckless games these days. (lit. \"games about which you don't consider\n> risks\")\n\nだったり/であったり is just another way to list nouns and na/no-adjectives non-\nexhaustively. It's basically the famous `verb + たり + verb (+ たり)`\nconstruction, except that the copula だ is used instead of normal verbs. 各レスラー\nis the subject of 考えないといけない. 今の危険な技 is a noun phrase meaning \"dangerous moves\n(found) these days.\" If you were disturbed by the comma after だったり, please\nkeep in mind that [Japanese commas have very little grammatical\nrole](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/40194/5010).",
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| 46733 | 46745 | 46745 |
{
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"body": "I have found the following examples in <http://tatoeba.org/jpn/>\n\n> 頭{あたま}が混乱{こんらん}している。I'm confused.\n>\n> 本当{ほんとう}に参{まい}りましたね。I'm really confused.\n\nAre these examples a natural way to deliver the idea of being confused?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"tags": [
"translation",
"word-requests",
"idioms"
],
"title": "How to say \"I am confused\"?",
"view_count": 28806
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{
"body": "混乱 is the proper word to express confusion. \nSo your first sentence is good. \nThere could be a few other ways to express confusion but I am not sure I would\nconsider the second sentence one of them unless used in a very specific\nway/situation.\n\n参りました or the casual 参った means you have lost/given up etc... \nFor example, I suppose you could use it to your friend after a very\ncomplicated math class to express the fact that you didn't understand\nanything. As in you have been defeated by your teacher or given up\nunderstanding what the hell is going on in that class.",
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"body": "There are so many ways to say \"I am confused.\" that you might not get a very\ngood answer unless you explain what situation/context you have in mind.\n\n「頭が混乱している。」 is \"good\" in the sense that it could not really mean anything\nother than \"I am confused.\" It could sound a little stiff if said in a casual\nsituation as 「混乱」 is a bit of a big word for a light kind of confusion.\n\n「本当に参りましたね。」 would be a hit-or-miss kind of expression in that it can mean\nmany different things. \"Troubled\" or \"beat\" would be the most common meaning\nof 「参った」, not \"confused\".\n\nThe \"real\" native-level, non-textbook expressions for \"I am confused.\" that do\nnot use big Sino-loanwords would include:\n\n・訳{わけ}が分{わ}からない\n\n・まごついてしまう\n\n・困{こま}ってしまう\n\n・うろたえてしまう\n\nThen again, you might have a situation in mind where the use of a big word is\ncompletely appropriate.",
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| 46734 | 46741 | 46741 |
{
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"body": "What are the medical masks Japanese people wear called? The ones you see\npeople just casually wearing; what are they?",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T01:02:57.180",
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"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What are the medical masks Japanese people wear called?",
"view_count": 2576
} | [
{
"body": "They are simply referred to as マスク. This term refers exactly to the kind of\nmask you are asking about, as well as \"more professional\" masks such as the\nones doctors/surgeons might use and so on.\n\nThere is also a\n[wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF) page\nabout this.\n\nWell to be more precise (since now I actually spent some time reading that\nwikipedia page), as you can see there there are technically several different\ntypes of masks (face mask, surgical mask, dust-protection mask) but after all\nall of them are mostly always simply called マスク. For your specific case (the\nones people are often seen casually wearing), it's most likely the simple type\nuse to reduce the spreading of viruses (cold/influenza) or to protect from the\npollen allregy very common among Japanese people (花粉症{かふんしょう}).. and you can\nsee in the following sentence they are just referred to as \"mask\" as I said\nabove.\n\n>\n> 呼吸の際に外部からの埃や塵、花粉などを防ぐ用途に用いたり、また、風邪やインフルエンザの感染者のクシャミや咳などでウイルスを含んだ分泌物を外部に広く撒き散らしにくくする効果があり、風邪・インフルエンザに感染している患者は他人に伝染させない為、感染拡大を防ぐ為に\n> **マスク** を着用する事が求められる。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T01:13:31.670",
"id": "46736",
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| 46735 | 46736 | 46736 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46740",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> わたしのことなんて、見てくれないの\n\nDoes this directly translate to:\n\n> Won't you look at a thing such as I?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T02:09:50.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46739",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation"
],
"title": "What does this lyric in a song mean?",
"view_count": 133
} | [
{
"body": "の at sentence end can be a (feminine) way to add emotional emphasis.\nEspecially in this situation when there is also なんて before it expressing\ndespise towards わたし.\n\nAs Genos said in comments, the whole thing means \"you won't even look\nat/acknowledge me\". Also I'm assuming we're talking about\n[this](http://vocaloidlyrics.wikia.com/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%84%E3%83%BC%EF%BC%81_\\(Check_Check_One_Two!\\))\nsong and you can see that it's not a question:\n\n> わたしのことなんて、見てくれないの (and you won’t spare me a single glance)\n\nYou weren't completely wrong thinking that の means a question. Here's how の\ncan be used as a question:\n\n> (rising tone at end) そうなの？ Is that so?",
"comment_count": 8,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T02:36:22.777",
"id": "46740",
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| 46739 | 46740 | 46740 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46743",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When leaving before a senior colleague does, people say お先に失礼します, and the\nsenior employee responds お疲れ様でした or ご苦労様でした. お疲れ様でした is also usually said when\na colleague of the same seniority is leaving.\n\nHowever, お疲れ様でした seems like something to say to someone of equal or lower\nseniority while ご苦労様でした is for someone with lower seniority. It feels awkward\n(only my opinion, but please feel free to correct if this is a wrong notion)\nto say お疲れ様でした to someone of higher ranking.\n\nIf a senior colleague is leaving, what is the best thing to say?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T03:43:13.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46742",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"culture",
"honorifics",
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "What should I say when a senior colleague is leaving before me?",
"view_count": 407
} | [
{
"body": "According to [デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/31661/meaning/m0u/),\nthe Agency for Cultural Affairs (文化庁) conducted a study on this topic and\nfound that 69.2% of people used お疲れ様 to someone of a higher rank vs. 15.1% for\nご苦労様. To someone of a lower rank, 53.4% used お疲れ様, vs. 36.1% for ご苦労様.\n\nSo I would conclude from this that it is safe to use お疲れ様 to someone of a\nhigher rank, whereas ご苦労様 should probably be avoided. お疲れ様 seems to be used\nmore in either case anyway.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T04:10:18.617",
"id": "46743",
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| 46742 | 46743 | 46743 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46747",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> そんなトコで何{なん} **ば** しよる。\n\nI'm reading a manga and from the context of the pictures I think this sentence\nreads, \"What are you doing up there,\" but I have no idea what part ば plays.\nThe character speaks in a dialect so my confusion could be a result of that,\nbut any help would be much appreciated.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T04:36:29.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46744",
"last_activity_date": "2021-09-23T12:55:58.850",
"last_edit_date": "2021-09-23T12:55:58.850",
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"owner_user_id": "21826",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 11,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"manga",
"dialects",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Why is ば in this sentence?",
"view_count": 1165
} | [
{
"body": "> そんなトコで何ばしよる。\n\nば is said in place of を.\n\nThe standard expression for the whole phrase is そのような場所｛ばしょ｝で何をしているのか.\n\nIt seems that the phrase is uttered by an old woman in Kyushu\n九州｛きゅうしゅう｝Island.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T06:30:53.137",
"id": "46746",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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},
{
"body": "[ば](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/dialect/3168/m1u/%E3%81%B0/) is the\naccusative particle used in wide area of (northern, as I remember) Kyushu as\nmuch as を in Standard Japanese. Etymologically it's from を + は contracted but\nno longer ~~has~~ share the は sense in Standard Japanese, as we can see that\nit's able to mark the question word ( _thanks to @user4092_ ).\n\n> そんなトコで何ばしよる。\n\nmeans\n\n> そんなとこで何をしてる（んだ）。\n\nor a bit more textbook-friendly,\n\n> そんなところで何をしている（のだ）。",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T06:41:27.053",
"id": "46747",
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]
| 46744 | 46747 | 46747 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46749",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> He likes to eat pasta and to drink beer.\n>\n> 彼はパスタを食べるのとビールを飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタを食べるのやビールを飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタを食べてビールを飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタを食べたりビールを飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタも食べるがビールも飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタも食べればビールも飲むのが好きです。\n>\n> 彼はパスタも食べビールも飲むのが好きです。\n\nIs there any difference in meaning? Are some of these sentences more formal or\nmore colloquial, more or less common?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T06:57:24.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46748",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-04-21T07:13:06.600",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to coordinate two noun clauses (の-clauses)?",
"view_count": 160
} | [
{
"body": "私ならこう言います。\n\n> 彼が好きなのはパスタとビール。\n\nの-clauses, to drink and to eat are all omitted.\n\nI checked the given seven Japanese sentences from the standpoint of whether\nthey are natural or not, and judged them and gave recommended samples and the\nreason if necessary as follows:\n\n 1. 〇彼はパスタを食べるのとビールを飲むのが好きです。 \n\n 2. 〇彼はパスタを食べるのやビールを飲むのが好きです。 \n\n 3. ×彼はパスタを食べてビールを飲むのが好きです。 \n→【a recommended\nsample】彼はパスタを食べてビールを飲むのが好きです。その逆｛ぎゃく｝の、先｛さき｝にビールを飲んで後｛あと｝でパスタを食べるのはダメです。 \n（【the reason of ×】「て」には順序｛じゅんじょ｝あるいは条件｛じょうけん｝を表｛あらわ｝すニュアンスがある。）\n\n 4. ×彼はパスタを食べたりビールを飲むのが好きです。 \n→彼はパスタを食べたりビールを飲んだりするのが好きです。 \n（「～たり」は繰｛く｝り返｛かえ｝して使｛つか｝うことが一般的｛いっぱんてき｝です。）\n\n 5. ×彼はパスタも食べるがビールも飲むのが好きです。 \n→彼は固｛かた｝いパスタも食べるがやわらかいパスタも食べるのがすきです。 \n（共通｛きょうつう｝要素｛ようそ｝がないと、「が」は不｛ふ｝自然｛しぜん｝です。）\n\n 6. ×彼はパスタも食べればビールも飲むのが好きです。 \n→彼は日本酒｛にほんしゅ｝も飲めばビールも飲むのが好きです。 \n（共通｛きょうつう｝要素｛ようそ｝がないと、「れば」は不｛ふ｝自然｛しぜん｝です。）\n\n 7. ×彼はパスタも食べビールも飲むのが好きです。 \n→彼はパスタも食べビールも飲み更｛さら｝に〇〇〇も好きです。 \n（２つの行為｛こうい｝では「も」は物｛もの｝足｛た｝りない。）",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T07:04:15.227",
"id": "46749",
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{
"body": "> 1. 彼はパスタを食べるのとビールを飲むのが好きです。\n> 2. 彼はパスタを食べるのやビールを飲むのが好きです。\n> 3. 彼はパスタを食べてビールを飲むのが好きです。\n> 4. 彼はパスタを食べたりビールを飲むのが好きです。\n> 5. 彼はパスタも食べるがビールも飲むのが好きです。\n> 6. 彼はパスタも食べればビールも飲むのが好きです。\n> 7. 彼はパスタも食べビールも飲むのが好きです。\n>\n\nYou're interested in connecting two _noun_ clauses, right? However,\ntechnically speaking, only Sentence 1 and Sentence 2 have two noun clauses.\nSentence 3-7 each has only one noun clause (because there is only one の in\neach sentence). In other words, in Sentences 1 and 2, you are nominalizing two\nverbs independently first, getting two noun phrases, and then joining the two\nusing と or や. On the other hand, in Sentences 3-7 you are first connecting two\nverbs using て, たり, etc., and then nominalizing it all at once using a single\nの. That's a large difference.\n\nWhen you say \"He likes to eat pasta and to drink beer,\" you are presenting the\ntwo actions more or less independently, right? Then the normal translation of\nthis would be either Sentence 1 or Sentence 2. As for the difference between と\nand や, please see this: [The many ways to say \"and\" in\nJapanese](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/474/5010)\n\nSentence 3 means he likes only one thing, \"eating pasta and then drinking\nbeer\". Maybe eating pasta alone or drinking beer alone is not what he likes.\n\nSentence 4 is close to \"He likes doing things like eating pasta and drinking\nbeer.\"\n\nSentences 5-7 are grammatical but uncommon and nuanced. Basically they are\nsimilar to Sentence 3 in that he only likes one thing, but sounds more\nemphatic about the two actions happening simultaneously. These sentences imply\nordinary people usually don't have pasta and beer at the same time, which I\ndon't think is true.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T07:58:01.280",
"id": "46751",
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| 46748 | 46749 | 46749 |
{
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"body": "I stumbled upon the phrase すごいその, while watching the tv programme. At first, I\nthought it means \"That's amazing\" because\n\n> すごい = Amazing\n>\n> その = That\n\nHowever, I was told by my Japanese friend that it means \"Let me see\" or the\nspeakers was stammering and thinking about what to say next in this context.\n\nI couldn't really check this on any websites, so can someone explain this to\nme?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T07:19:23.743",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46750",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-16T09:58:07.077",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "19458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of すごいその",
"view_count": 246
} | [
{
"body": "その all by itself can work as a filler similar to \"well\" or \"er\".\n\nすごい is an adjective meaning \"amazing\", but it also works as an intensifying\nadverb similar to \"really\", \"fairly\", \"quite\", \"pretty\", etc. Although not\ntechnically a filler, sometimes it may be used like a filler, too, because\nthis type of すごい means almost nothing without the following adjective.\n\nSo it is possible that すごいその is just two words, \"very, er...\", \"quite, um...\",\n\"really, well...\", or such, said as a filler in a sentence. But we need more\ncontext to determine what this really means.\n\nExample:\n\n> この絵は……すごい…その…個性的だね。 \n> This picture is......very....um...\"unique.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T08:34:57.727",
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| 46750 | null | 46752 |
{
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"body": "I have learnt a few ways to humbly accept or decline a compliment, including\nえ、まあ...... (with the hand gesture), まだまだです and そんなことはありません. However when the\ncompliment comes from a boss, I am afraid that these may be too casual or\ndirect. Is there a usual method?\n\nFor example, if your boss compliments you on excellent work (よくできました、Aさん) or\nfor being early to a meeting (早いね、Aさん), is there a general reply or are there\nat least some tips on responses?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T10:36:30.223",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"tags": [
"culture",
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "How to respond to a compliment by a boss?",
"view_count": 1877
} | [
{
"body": "I think まだまだです and そんなことはありません aren't casual but polite, and you can also say\nそんなことないです. You can use them to your boss.\n\nIf my boss compliments me on excellent work, I just would say ありがとうございます(Thank\nyou).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T14:04:47.000",
"id": "46755",
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{
"body": "A humble response would be: いえいえ、それほどでもありません。\n\nThe response consists of two phrases:\n\n * `いえいえ` that literally means \"No, no\"\n\n * `それほどでもありません` that means \"not to that extent\" or \"not that much\", which is the polite form of [それほどでもない](http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8C%E3%81%BB%E3%81%A9%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84)\n\nIn related matter, [this one-bite\nessay](http://www.nihongokentei.jp/amuse/essay/w_13.html) on 日本語検定 explains\nthe nuance and use of expression `それほどでもありません`. The relevant text have been\nquoted (added furigana for some words).\n\n>\n> そして、「それほどでもありません。」という謙遜{けんそん}の言葉には、「上手だけれど、自分の立場をわきまえて控{ひか}えめに対応{たいおう}できる人格です。」、「上手と言っても、もっと上手な人もいるので、自分の能力を的確{てきかく}に判断{はんだん}できる能力を持っているのです。」という意味など、多様{たよう}で深{ふか}い意味を含{ふく}んでおり、会話を通{つう}じて互いの人となりを理解{りかい}しあいながら、コミュニケーションは成立{せいりつ}しているのです。こうした理解の仕方は、外国人にはわかりにくく、なかなか説明も難{むずか}しい部分です。\n\nFor those who urgently need to understand the expression, I have translated\nthe above quoted text from Japanese to English.\n\n> And so, the humble expression of \"それほどでもありません\" includes various meanings\n> such as \"It is a character of responding with modesty, while knowing one's\n> place even skillful\", \"Despite being skillful, one is able to accurately\n> assess own skill since there are more skillful people than oneself\" et\n> cetera, which consists of diversed meanings in depth, [with that] people\n> understand each other through the conversation, and [that is how] the\n> communication is being made. [Given that] this way of understanding is hard\n> to be understood by foreigners, the explanation for [this] part is indeed\n> considerably difficult.\n\nThe humble response is appropriate for most cases. However, the employee\nshould understand if the employer (boss) is actually giving a compliment or\njust a typical expression.\n\nUsing the example from question, \"早いね、Aさん\" (A, you are early today) may be\nbetter replied with another typical expression like \"早めに目が覚めてしまったので\" (I\nhappened to wake up earlier than usual).",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T18:25:16.693",
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"body": "There are many ways to politely and humbly respond to a compliment. For\nexample,\n\n> 「ありがとうございます。宮崎さんのおかげです。」\n\nIn this expression, the first sentence shows gratitude for the complement, and\nthe second sentence means that (the speaker successfully accomplished the task\nor something) because there was Mr. Miyazaki’s help or support. This\nexpression is polite and humble. The speaker implies that Mr. Miyazaki\ndeserves the complement, and thanks both her boss and Mr. Miyazaki.\n\nIf your boss is the one who helped or supported you, say the second sentence\nfirst, like so.\n\n> 「○○部長のおかげです。ありがとうございます。」(A)\n\n○○ indicates your boss’s name. If your boss’s position is not 部長, replace it\nwith an appropriate job title. Or if you usually call your boss ◯◯さん, just\ncall your boss the same way as usual.\n\nThis expression implies that the 部長’s support brought the success and the\nspeaker is thankful for it.\n\nAnother way of saying the same thing as (A) is\n\n> 「おかげさまです。ありがとうございます。」(B)\n\nAlthough this (B) expression has the same meaning as (A), おかげさまです can imply\nthe help or support of not only the person the speaker is talking to, but also\nother people. So, おかげさまです can mean that (the speaker could do an excellent job\nor something) because there were the people (including the listener) who\nhelped or supported the speaker.\n\n「おかげさまです」 can be used for expressing something occurring in the present as\nwell. The past form of です is でした. However,「おかげさまでした」 is not common.\n\nAnother expression having the same nuance as (B) is\n\n> 「ありがとうございます。皆さんのおかげです。」\n\nPlease be careful in using さま. 「○○さんのおかげさまです。」 does not sound natural in many\nsituations. ○○さんのおかげです or おかげさまです is more common and safer to use.\n\nIt’s more formal if おかげさま is said with the excellent outcome which the support\nbrought. For example,\n\n> 「おかげさまで、無事に終えることができました。ありがとうございます。」\n\nThis おかげさま also means the listener’s support, or the listener’s and other\npeople’s supports. It depends on the situation.\n\nNice and polite people use these おかげ sentences above even in the situation\nwhere nobody helped or supported them actually. Because it’s polite thing to\nsay, and a way to keep a good relationship with other people.\n\nBy the way, when saying ありがとうございます or a おかげ sentence, Japanese people\ngenerally do Eshaku(会釈) which is a kind of body language. Eshaku is a shallow\nbow used in daily life to express various feelings. You work with Japanese\npeople so I suppose you already know Eshaku, but if you like to see what\nEshaku is like, [this video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZ2s8IvMwDI) may\nbe helpful. The 15-degree bow is Eshaku.\n\nEshaku or a deeper bow can express that you are truly grateful. So, saying\nthose sentences with Eshaku is good and natural. There would be no\ncontradiction between your verbal and non-verbal expressions if you say it and\ndo Eshaku.\n\nIf you’re interested in other ways to respond to a compliment about what you\ndid at work, the following expressions are also polite, humble and good to\nuse.\n\n> 「ありがとうございます。精進します。」\n>\n> 「ありがとうございます。恐縮です。頑張ります。」\n>\n> 「そう言っていただけて、安心しました。また頑張ります。」\n>\n> 「そう言っていただけて、少しほっとしました。また頑張ります。」\n\nThese expressions imply that the speaker thinks it was not perfectly good so\ns/he keeps learning and trying to do her/his best.\n\nIf the complement is really too much, I recommend using a formal word 恐縮,\nwhich is a convenient word to express that the speaker is very afraid (1)\nbecause something, which someone gave the speaker, seems too good to him in\nhis mind, or (2) because what the speaker did or is doing is not appropriate\nand did or may bother someone, (3) because the speaker needs to ask someone to\ndo something which the person is probably not interested in, (4) etc. (1)-type\n恐縮 can fit your situation.\n\n恐縮 is used to be humble, and generally said with the reason why the speaker is\nbeing very afraid. Saying the reason is a part of politeness in many cases.\n\nFor example, if your boss compliments you on your success, you can also answer\nlike so.\n\n> 「ありがとうございます。宮崎さんにかなりお世話になってしまったので恐縮ですが……。」\n\nThis expresses that the speaker is thankful for the compliment, but also\nafraid to accept it, because Mr. Miyazaki is the one who greatly contributed\nto the success. (The dot symbols …… in this sentence indicate the silence with\nsincere facial expression.)\n\nIf there are several 恐縮 reasons, it can be said something like this.\n\n> 「ありがとうございます。まだまだの部分がいろいろあって恐縮ですが……。」\n\nAnd, the following conversations are examples of answers to 「早いね」.\n\nExample 1:\n\n> 部長「Ａさん、早いねえ！」 \n> Ａ「あ、もしかして早すぎました？」 \n> 部長「いや、全然大丈夫。」 \n> Ａ「良かったです。」\n\nExample 2:\n\n> 部長「ずいぶん早いね、Ａさん。」 \n> Ａ「あ、もしかして早すぎました？」 \n> 部長「そうだね、あと１５分くらい遅くてもいいかな。」 \n> Ａ「すみません、出直します。」／「すみません、今後はそうします。」\n\nExample 3:\n\n> 部長「あれ、早いね、Ａさん。」 \n> Ａ「はい、ちょっと早めに来てみました。」 \n> (and have a little talk to be polite.)\n\n早いね can imply various things. So, the answers to it vary as well.",
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"creation_date": "2017-05-18T05:01:37.250",
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| 46753 | null | 46755 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm not completely sure on the grammar usage of と、～た, in these following\nsentences, but have been given the general explanation that the imply an\nunexpected result following a normal (one time?) action.\n\n１．弟は昼ごはんを食べると、片付けもせずに出かけてしまった。\n\n２．私が「ごめん」と言うと、友達は「あやまるのはぼくのほうだ」と言った。\n\nI'm also unsure of how to translate と as it applies to the first half of the\nsentence in these cases either, or the tense.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T13:17:35.777",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46754",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Grammar usage of \"と、～た\"",
"view_count": 3231
} | [
{
"body": "「と」は接続助詞といいます。 \nIt is a connective particle.\n\n> １．弟は昼ごはんを食べると、片付けもせずに出かけてしまった。 \n> ２．私が「ごめん」と言うと、友達は「あやまるのはぼくのほうだ」と言った。\n\nIn these phrases, the connective particle \"shows at the opportunity when a\ncertain situation happens or an opportunity to notice it.\"\n\n * When my younger brother finished eating lunch, he has gone out without clearing the table. \n\n * When I said \"I'm sorry,\" my friend said \"It's me that should apologize to you.\"",
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| 46754 | null | 46769 |
{
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"body": "I'm trying to translate some episode titles for a 1974 show called 電撃！！ストラダ５,\nand two of the episode titles are 殺人コンピューターをぶちこわせ！ and ハネムーン作戦でぶちあたれ！ What are\nぶちこわせ and ぶちあたれ? I can't find anything about them.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T14:55:05.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46756",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "21794",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "Translating Episode titles",
"view_count": 55
} | []
| 46756 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46758",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Here is the sentence from an instruction manual of hair iron.\n\n> ここに示した注意事項は、製品を安全に正しく **お使いいただき** 、あなたや他の人々への危害や損害を未然に防止するためのものです。\n\nMy translation is below.\n\n> For the warning indicated in this part, use the product according to the\n> instruction safely in order to prevent danger and damage that might happen\n> to you and other people.\n\nI would like to know that if the pattern 'Continuative stem form verb + いただき'\nhold the same meaning of the patter 'て form verb + いただく' as 'Do something for\nsomeone'",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T15:59:31.813",
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"id": "46757",
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"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Question about the verb 「いただき」",
"view_count": 275
} | [
{
"body": "Both 使っていただく and お使いいただく are honorific expressions, and are usually\ninterchangeable. The latter sounds politer and more respectful, but the former\npattern is polite enough in most business settings. Saying 製品を安全に正しく使っていただき is\nequally fine.\n\nSome dedicated honorific expressions are available only in the latter form;\nfor example, you can say お求めいただく, which is an honorific version of 買う, but\n求めていただく sounds funny.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T17:00:48.813",
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| 46757 | 46758 | 46758 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46763",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching Sword Art Online with the help of a transcript of the episode.\nThere was one word I didn't catch while listening, and when I looked it up, it\nwas 言っちゃいとっちゃいます. I honestly have no idea what this is composed of or what\nmeaning is implied to 言う here.\n\nContext:\n\n> 今日のMMOストリームでは世界中の大注目ソードアート·オンライン、略してSAOって **言っちゃいとっちゃいまーす**\n\nI'm guessing 言っちゃい is just 言ってしまう, but after that I really have no idea.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T20:35:25.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46760",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-22T08:10:35.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "10587",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conjugations"
],
"title": "Help deciphering meaning/conjugation of 言っちゃいとっちゃいます",
"view_count": 370
} | [
{
"body": "「言っちゃいとっちゃいまーす」 makes no sense. That is unless there was a dialect in which it\nmade sense. All I can guarantee is that it makes absolutely no sense in\nStandard Japanese.\n\nIf what you watched, however, is the video below and you are referring to the\nsentence starting around 0:36, then it says something COMPLETELY different.\n\n<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCMjET7fC9w>\n\nThe girl says:\n\n> 「今日のMMOストリームでは、世界中が大注目、ソードアート・オンライン、略してSAO を **ピックアップしちゃいまーす** 。」",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-21T23:28:10.800",
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| 46760 | 46763 | 46763 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am trying to translate the phrase: 「先住民」又は「先住民族」 into English in referrence\nto international laws and treaties concerning indigenous people, and I am not\ncertain what the difference is between the two, or at least how they would be\ntranslated differently in English.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T20:53:48.387",
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"id": "46761",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage",
"law"
],
"title": "What would a differential translation be for 「先住民」 and 「先住民族」?",
"view_count": 165
} | [
{
"body": "Though I am not sure if it makes a meaningful difference in English, what the\noriginal means is:\n\n> \"aboriginal person(s)\" or \"aboriginal race\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T00:50:56.887",
"id": "46765",
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{
"body": "I think the problem with \"aboriginal race\" is that \"race\" is normally\nunderstood to refer to a group defined in terms of a shared genetic heritage\nand is usually rendered in Japanese as 人種 (じんしゅ) , while 民族 (みんぞく) corresponds\nmore closely to English \"ethnic group\", that is, a group defined in terms of\nlanguage, culture, etc.\n\nThe English terms that come to mind (my mind, anyway) for dealing with this\ntranslation problem are:\n\nIndigenous peoples, native peoples, aboriginal peoples, autochthonous peoples,\nindigenes.\n\nThere are problems with the word \"native\" - certainly with the use of\n\"natives\" as a collective term for indigenous people - and with \"aborigines\",\nbecause it is nowadays pretty much restricted to the indigenous peoples of\nAustralia (although in the 19th century it was commonly used of Native\nAmerican peoples). I think \"indigene\" is an unusual word. \"Autochthonous\" is\nprobably uncommon, although I use it myself in situations like this. I would,\nif I had to, probably go with \"'indigenous peoples' or 'autochthonous\npeoples'\".\n\nI don't know the context, but it looks to me as though the writer is offering\nthe two terms as ways of referring to the same groups. If that's so, perhaps\nyou could be bold and simply translate with a single term, \"indigenous\npeoples\". However, since you're dealing with laws and treaties it is probably\nnecessary to translate in such a way as to show that the Japanese uses two\nterms. One possibility might be \"'indigenous peoples' (senjumin) or\n'indigenous ethnic groups' (senjuminzoku)'\". This would indicate to the reader\nthat the original Japanese is using two very similar words.",
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"creation_date": "2017-04-22T07:50:11.613",
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| 46761 | null | 46765 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46764",
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"body": "Is あたし seen as soft and girly like the particle わ is? Or can a girl just say\nit and not sound emotional or dramatic or soft?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-21T22:11:28.193",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46762",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-22T18:25:13.847",
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"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"feminine-speech"
],
"title": "Is あたし seen as soft?",
"view_count": 373
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, あたし is a very feminine form of わたし.\n\n~~However, あたし isn't really often used outside of anime and idol usage, as it\ngives a very unrealistic \"cutesy\" kind of vibe. (at least in my experience)~~\n\n~~Of course I'm sure it's used appropriately somewhere, but it's best to stick\nto わたし/わたくし for everyday usage.~~\n\nEDIT:あたし can be used in real life applications as a softer/feminine わたし\n(thanks to broccoli forest)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T00:48:33.410",
"id": "46764",
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| 46762 | 46764 | 46764 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46788",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "First, I want to say that this is in no way to question the way somebody is\nwriting. I'm just curious.\n\nI have noticed that some Japanese people here use parentheses and an equals\nsign to clarify some word or to \"define a variable\".\n[Example](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/46692/19206):\n\n> ...very difficult to explain grammatically even to Japanese **（＝日本人）**.\n\nI am pretty sure that most English speakers (or the part of the internet where\nI've spent most of my time) don't use the equals sign, so I came to the\nconclusion that this must be a Japanese thing.\n\nDoes this carry some other meaning than using plain parentheses in English?\nAlso, is this used in official texts or is it just an informal way to clarify\nsomething?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T06:56:32.367",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46767",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T22:14:23.540",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "19206",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"orthography",
"punctuation"
],
"title": "Using parentheses (=round brackets) with equals sign",
"view_count": 432
} | [
{
"body": "It appears that (=...) isn't only used in Japanese. In English, it is used a\nlot in the same way as in the question's title, to clarify the meaning of\nsomething when there can be multiple interpretations. Example from [Longman\nDictionary of Contemporary\nEnglish](http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/statement):\n\n> make a statement (=say something, especially in public)\n\nIn Japanese, you can see it used in the same way as in English in [informal\ncontexts](http://rio2016.2ch.net/test/read.cgi/sci/1362140109):\n\n> 「あの世（＝死後の世界）は無い」は、非科学的 ３\n\n[And a bit more formally](http://www.ichikawa-bil.co.jp/_keiji/ketsugi.pdf):\n\n> 窃盗(=万引)撲滅市川駅周辺店舗連絡協議会\n\nHowever, I did not find English usage of (=...) like\n[here](http://www.lib.iwate-med.ac.jp/mm/mm8.pdf):\n\n> インパクトファクター(=IF)の概要、誤用に続き、今号ではIFとその他の引用指標の活用法についてご説明します。\n\n(This is not typical use according to a native Japanese speaker, see comments)\n\nThe way English scientific papers or similar documents usually define\nabbreviations is with plain parentheses:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/OT5yU.png)\n\nSo, (=...) might be used a bit differently in English and Japanese but they\nseem to mean mostly the same. (...) and (=...) have a similar meaning, but\n(=...) is not as flexible as (...) in either language.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T02:09:40.397",
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| 46767 | 46788 | 46788 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46773",
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"body": "B: says that no one ever became ill just because they didn't ask for good\nhealth on a tanzaku. And then:\n\n> A: 「じゃあ、たんざくに書いたくらいで金持ちになる人もいない **んじゃないの** 」 \n> A: Well, no one ever became rich just by writing on a tanzaku either (did\n> they?) \n> B:「いいんだ。こまかいことを言うな」\n\nI can't work out if んじゃないの is a real question or a rhetorical question.\n\nBecause of that I can't understand the reply. Is こまかいことを言うな \"Don't **say**\ntrivial things\" or \"Don't **ask** trivial things\"?\n\nIn fact I'm not sure about the whole of B's reply. Is いいんだ supposed to be\nconsoling as in \"It's all okay. Don't worry about trivial problems\", or is it\nmore like. \"It's fine! Stop asking stupid questions\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T09:46:39.547",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46770",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-22T11:26:48.233",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"nuances",
"questions"
],
"title": "Is んじゃないの rhetorical? And other conversation nuances",
"view_count": 1125
} | [
{
"body": "Conclusion first: It is rhetorical.\n\n> 「～～人もいないんじゃないの」\n\nalways means:\n\n> \"There is no one who ~~, right?\"\n\nI used \"right?\", but this 「（ん）じゃないの」 is closer to the French \"n'est-ce pas?\"\nin both meaning and feeling. It is used much more to make a statement than to\nask a question even though the sentence is usually uttered with a rising\nintonation at the end.\n\n> 「～～人もいない **んじゃないの** 」≒「～～人もいない **でしょう** 」≒「～～人も/は **いない** 」\n\n「んじゃないの」, therefore, does not really change the meaning of the sentence. It\nonly helps obtain the listener's agreement. The expression contains 「ない」, but\nit is NOT a negative expression.\n\nIf I said 「このピザうまいじゃない。」, the only thing it can mean is \"This pizza is\nyummy!\", but I have encountered quite a few Japanese-learners who thought it\nmeant \"This pizza is **not** yummy.\" What they need to understand is that the\nnegative form of 「うまい」 is 「うま **く** ない」 and **not** 「うまいじゃない」.\n\nMoving on to B's reply...\n\n> Is こまかいことを言うな \"Don't say trivial things\" or \"Don't ask trivial things\"?\n\nIt is the former. As I explained above, A is not asking a question in the\nfirst place.\n\n> Is いいんだ supposed to be consoling as in \"It's all okay. Don't worry about\n> trivial problems\", or is it more like. \"It's fine! Stop asking stupid\n> questions\".\n\nIt is the former, precisely.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-22T11:26:48.233",
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| 46770 | 46773 | 46773 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46775",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Quick one, I have heard a few interpretations of this and had some suggestions\nthat there might be some cultural usage that isn't immediately obvious, hoping\nto get some clarity.\n\nPlease forgive the poor drawing, hopefully it is clear enough!\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SCm7D.png)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T11:03:11.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46771",
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"last_editor_user_id": "21840",
"owner_user_id": "21840",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"nuances",
"colloquial-language"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of this (義兄弟) combination? Are there any cultural connotations?",
"view_count": 297
} | [
{
"body": "It must have been written 義｛ぎ｝兄弟｛きょうだい｝.\n\nUsually it means a brother-in-law. But, in this movie it means blood brothers:\ntwo or more men not related by birth who have sworn loyalty to each other.\nThis is in modern times usually done in a ceremony, known as a blood oath,\nwhere having each person make a small cut, usually on a finger, hand or the\nforearm, and then the two cuts are pressed together and bound, the idea being\nthat each person's blood now flows in the other participant's veins.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qh6Ys.jpg)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T12:01:46.810",
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| 46771 | 46775 | 46775 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46774",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As in a line from the TV drama\n「[高校教師](https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E7%A6%81%E6%96%AD%E3%81%AE%E6%84%9B%E3%81%A8%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%9A%E3%81%AB/dp/B00FNG28N8)」\nep1 (00:04:41):\n\n> 今朝のこと、担任に告げ **ようってんじゃない** よ！\n\nOr a line from a Japanese version of\n「[Demian](https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=aRfkAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT21&lpg=PT21&dq=%E2%80%9D%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%82%93%E3%81%98%E3%82%83%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E2%80%9D&source=bl&ots=wmZqVIixJ4&sig=m9XTOlZvZZD3PR9mruRqJMGhAyA&hl=zh-\nCN&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmgYbW9rfTAhUGopQKHUNNAjcQ6AEIIjAA#v=onepage&q=%E2%80%9D%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%82%93%E3%81%98%E3%82%83%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E2%80%9D&f=false)」:\n\n> おれはなにもお前を、困らせ **ようってんじゃない** 。\n\nIs it simply an abbreviation of 「 **よう** と思 **ってんじゃない** 」?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T11:20:40.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46772",
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"owner_user_id": "5346",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"abbreviations"
],
"title": "On 「～ようってんじゃない」",
"view_count": 244
} | [
{
"body": "Almost!\n\n> 「～～ようってんじゃない」＝「～～ようと言ってるんじゃない」\n\nIn the examples you have listed, however, it is actually pretty close to\n「思ってる」 in meaning.\n\nSeems you have already noticed that, in Japanese, the line between 「言う」 and\n「思う」 is often blurry.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-22T11:46:03.710",
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]
| 46772 | 46774 | 46774 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "の has many purposes but the one usage I am having difficulty using correctly\nis connecting nouns.\n\nThe reason this is confusing for me is because at my school we have a Japanese\nclub and one of the native speakers corrected me when saying\n\n> 日本語のクラブ\n\nto just\n\n> 日本語クラブ\n\nso my question is why for some nouns do we need to connect with の and others\nit is not necessary?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T13:47:48.253",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46776",
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"owner_user_id": "11827",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Rules for connecting nouns with の",
"view_count": 55
} | []
| 46776 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46778",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> Daughter: 「だって、じゃあたんざくの意味がないじゃん」 \n> Daughter: But, in that case tanzaku are meaningless aren't they? \n> Dad: 「いいのっ」 \n> Dad: It's okay \n> Daughter: 「なにさ、おとうさんは **すぐ** いいのって言うんだから」 \n> Daughter: What! Because you say it's okay?\n\nI understand すぐ to mean soon/immediately etc. I can't understand what it means\nin this context.\n\nMy guess it that it adds the meaning 'just' as in \"am I supposed to believe\nit's okay **just** because you say so?\". But that's a complete guess and the\nlink with 'soon'/'immediately' seems very tenuous.\n\nIf further context is needed, these lines follow immediately after [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/46770/is-%E3%82%93%E3%81%98%E3%82%83%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%AE-\nrhetorical-and-other-conversation-nuances):",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T14:27:56.253",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46777",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Meaning of すぐ in this sentence",
"view_count": 203
} | [
{
"body": "「すぐ」, in this context, means \" **readily** \", \" **very easily** \", etc.\n\nIf you do or say something habitually without thinking, we say you すぐ do or\nsay something.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T14:36:21.013",
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| 46777 | 46778 | 46778 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46783",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was just wondering if 燃える could be used in a context where someone gets\nembarassed to the point where they \"burn up.\" Would it be taken literally or\ncould it be used as an idiom?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T17:22:22.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46779",
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"owner_user_id": "20348",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Can 燃える be used with the context of being embarassed?",
"view_count": 89
} | [
{
"body": "I don't think it can. 燃える is often used as ''getting fired up'' for something.\nIn a embarassing situation you're better of with just 恥ずかしい",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T19:04:34.730",
"id": "46782",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-22T19:04:34.730",
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"owner_user_id": "21821",
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},
{
"body": "I've never heard it used In that sense. In that case, you would say\n顔{かお}から火{ひ}が出{で}そう (I feel like fire is going to come out of my face).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T20:39:37.167",
"id": "46783",
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"owner_user_id": "9508",
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}
]
| 46779 | 46783 | 46783 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46786",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I told my friend 頑張って and they replied with:\n\n> こんなことでいわれても\n\nWould the meaning of this be something like:\n\n> Even if this kind of thing is said (it doesn't help)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T18:50:50.367",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46780",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T21:02:02.267",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T06:45:03.610",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11827",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does こんなことでいわれても express?",
"view_count": 194
} | [
{
"body": "いわれる is the passive of ''to say'' and is often used to express ''being told''\nsomething. The only weird thing about the sentence is the で. I would say\nこんなことを言われても to mean ''Even if you tell me such a thing...(it doesn't help)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T19:01:48.027",
"id": "46781",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T21:02:02.267",
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},
{
"body": "で is the instrumental case and in this case it stands for reason, so the\nsentence can translate into \"even if I'm told (of it) for such a (trivial)\nthing ...\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T22:56:46.173",
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| 46780 | 46786 | 46786 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46785",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context:\n\n> 加代ちゃんの誕生日が悟と同じ日だった。 \n> 何かついてるじゃないの。\n\nCan't get meaning of the second phrase. What does つく (ついてる) mean here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T22:18:39.257",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46784",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T04:03:52.187",
"last_editor_user_id": "7810",
"owner_user_id": "9976",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does ついてる mean in 何かついてるじゃないの?",
"view_count": 473
} | [
{
"body": "> つく\n\n「つく」 means: \n６ 偶然などがうまく味方して、都合よく事が運ぶ。運が向く。 \nChance takes sides well, and things go conveniently. lucky\n\nA sample sentence:「今日はついている I am lucky today. 」\n\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/147036/meaning/m0u/>",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T22:27:05.970",
"id": "46785",
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"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46784",
"post_type": "answer",
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}
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| 46784 | 46785 | 46785 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the difference between using が and を here?\n\n> あなたは私のこと **を** 好きですか？\n>\n> あなたは私のこと **が** 好きですか？\n\nI've never seen the structure `nounをadjective` before.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-22T23:38:17.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46787",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T03:46:43.753",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T00:38:23.440",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "11827",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"adjectives",
"particle-が",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What's the difference between が and を here?",
"view_count": 513
} | [
{
"body": "> あなたは私のこと **を** 好きですか？ \n> あなたは私のこと **が** 好きですか？\n\nIn general, the sentence with 「が」 is correct. But you couldn't say the other\none is incorrect.\n\nI'll show you an example where 「あなたは私のこと **を** 好きですか？」 is more natural than\n「あなたは私のこと **が** 好きですか？」.\n\nThe example is as follows:\n\n> She asked \"あなたは私のこと **を** どう思うのですか？ あなたは私のこと **を** 好きですか？ それとも嫌いですか？\"\n\nIn this sentence the phrase 「あなたは私のこと **を** 好き」 means 「あなたは私のこと **を** 好きと思う」.\nThis comprehension is well described in the Answer by user458 at the site [を\nvs が with use against\n好き?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3473/%e3%82%92-vs-%e3%81%8c-with-\nuse-against-%e5%a5%bd%e3%81%8d)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-04-23T03:46:43.753",
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| 46787 | null | 46791 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46790",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In Japanese internet slang, you see people use「ww」to mean something like\n\"lol\". I was curious how this would be pronounced if read aloud. In English, I\nhear people say either /ɛl oʊ ɛl/ or /lɑl/ for \"lol\". Is there a semi-standard\nway to pronounce the Japanese equivalent?\n\n[Another answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/143/what-is-the-\nmeaning-of-all-those-ws-in-email-and-snss) indicates that the w's stand for\n「笑い」. Would the pronunciation then be something like【わらいわらい】or would it be\nsomething like【ダブリューダブリュー】?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T02:16:56.673",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46789",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-24T20:04:08.500",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-24T20:04:08.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "15875",
"owner_user_id": "15875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"slang",
"internet-slang",
"abbreviations"
],
"title": "Pronunciation of「ww」(笑い)",
"view_count": 652
} | [
{
"body": "This is usually not intended to be read aloud, but the most prevailing\n\"reading\" is not わらう but **わら**. For example, `ww` is わらわら.\n\n * [笑うを意味する「ｗｗｗ」をなんて読んでる？ 「ｗは読まずに前の文を笑いながら」「わらわらわら」](http://getnews.jp/archives/554813)\n\nYou can mainly hear this pronunciation on live streaming sites such as ニコニコ生放送\nwhere hosts often configure screen readers to read visitors' comments aloud.\n\nI have read somewhere that /lɑl/ is sometimes actually used in conversations\nbetween young English speakers (I don't know if that's true), but わら is not\nusable in ordinary conversations. If you did it, that would sound extremely\nnerdy.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T02:32:38.463",
"id": "46790",
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}
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| 46789 | 46790 | 46790 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "For videos on the Internet like YouTube, which have a specific number of the\ntimes they've been viewed by people. What are those views called in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T06:10:09.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46792",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-14T02:45:27.310",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T06:42:22.960",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "21847",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-requests",
"english-to-japanese",
"internet-slang"
],
"title": "What is the Japanese word for video views on the Internet?",
"view_count": 3728
} | [
{
"body": "> What are those views called in japanese?\n\n閲覧{えつらん}回数{かいすう} or 閲覧{えつらん}数{すう}\n\nPikotaro's PPAP dance was viewed more than 200 million times.\n\n> ピコ太郎{たろう}のPPAPダンスは２億{おく}回{かい} 以上{いじょう} 閲覧{えつらん}された。 \n> ピコ太郎{たろう}のPPAPダンスの閲覧{えつらん} 回数{かいすう}は２億回{おくかい}を超{こ}えた。\n\nThough 「閲覧回数」is a general term, if you limit the term to a video viewing,\n「再生回数」is often used.\n\n**About 「閲覧｛えつらん｝回数｛かいすう｝/閲覧｛えつらん｝数｛すう｝」 and\n「再生｛さいせい｝回数｛かいすう｝/再生｛さいせい｝数｛すう｝」**\n\nIn this topic, the meaning of \"閲覧｛えつらん｝\" is to look at or read contents. There\nare various forms of contents, such as articles, drawings, photographs,\nvideos, and so on. Among these contents, all of them besides videos could be\nlooked at or read by accessing the accommodated screen. So the number of\n「閲覧｛えつらん｝」 increases by one if you access the page. However, as for video\nviewings the number of 「閲覧｛えつらん｝」 does not increase only by accessing the page\nwhere the videos are contained, because in order to watch them you have to\nclick the \"replay\" button. The term for \"replay\" in Japanese is 「再生｛さいせい｝」.\nTherefore the term 「再生｛さいせい｝ 回数｛かいすう｝/再生｛さいせい｝数｛すう｝」 exists particularly to\nexpress the number of video views.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T06:13:09.667",
"id": "46793",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T09:49:06.430",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T09:49:06.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "20624",
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46792",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "How about 「[視聴]{しちょう}[回数]{かいすう}」?\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/b6nnJ.png)\n\nI think [再生]{さいせい}回数 would also work.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T06:18:17.107",
"id": "46794",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T06:18:17.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "46792",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
},
{
"body": "ニコニコ動画 calls them 再生{さいせい}:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fpy85.png)\n\nI'm sure there are many other ways to say it, though.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T06:19:08.190",
"id": "46795",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T06:19:08.190",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19206",
"parent_id": "46792",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "shichou 視聴 \nshichousha are viewers",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T12:15:03.380",
"id": "46808",
"last_activity_date": "2017-05-14T02:45:27.310",
"last_edit_date": "2017-05-14T02:45:27.310",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "21854",
"parent_id": "46792",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 46792 | null | 46794 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46798",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> Xの声無き叫びが、Yたちに届くわけもない。\n\nEDIT : I think that it is another way of saying \"わけがない\" but then what is the\ndifference with \"わけもない\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T08:48:10.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46796",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T22:16:16.547",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T10:05:16.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "20501",
"owner_user_id": "20501",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does わけもない mean?",
"view_count": 897
} | [
{
"body": "> 1. 叫び声が 届くわけがない\n> 2. 叫び声が 届くわけもない\n>\n\n 1. There is no reason that the cry could arrive.\n 2. There is no reason that the cry even could arrive. \n\nThe latter sentence is the stressed form of the former one by 「も」in place of\n「が」.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T10:21:43.493",
"id": "46798",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T22:16:16.547",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T22:16:16.547",
"last_editor_user_id": "20624",
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46796",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 46796 | 46798 | 46798 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46801",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "As I know, Both words mean Dangerous. Japanese people use sometimes やばい, other\ntimes 危ない. When should I use one over other?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T09:46:24.777",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46797",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T10:45:37.740",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16171",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"usage",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Usage of やばい and 危ない",
"view_count": 1169
} | [
{
"body": "Generally,「危ない」is physically dangerous, while 「やばい」 is mentally.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T10:24:35.917",
"id": "46799",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T10:24:35.917",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46797",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "While both,「危ない」and「やばい」mean dangerous, 「危ない」is more used in physical\nsituation (It's 危ない to go on the street at red light) and「やばい」is more like\n\"Because I didn't learn for the test it's really やばい\". Also やばい is a really\ncommon slang word for amazing, cool or awesome situations.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T10:43:45.663",
"id": "46801",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T10:43:45.663",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21852",
"parent_id": "46797",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "「やばい」 commonly used meaning awesome by young people. やばい has many means. \n（例） \nこの前見た映画、すごくやばかった。→great, amazing \nこれはやばいエラーだ。→awful \n仕事の締め切りに間に合わなくてやばい。→dangerous \n(It depends on the situation.) \n \nOlder people hate this 「やばい」usage.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T10:45:37.740",
"id": "46802",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T10:45:37.740",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21851",
"parent_id": "46797",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 46797 | 46801 | 46801 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "46806",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Even though I am in Japan for more than 4 months right now, I'm still worried\nabout my Hiragana handwriting. Is it readable for Japanese? Because I know\npeople had difficulties with reading my こ. Is there anything that has to\nchange? (Well, I know it doesn't look like the beautiful characters in the\nchart when you first learn Hiragana.)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/sba9O.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T10:33:46.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "46800",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-24T08:43:53.430",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-24T08:43:53.430",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "21852",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"handwriting"
],
"title": "Is my hiragana handwriting readable?",
"view_count": 7216
} | [
{
"body": "ぜんぶ読めますよ。 \n自信を持ってください。 \n\"こ\"も読めます。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T11:54:24.293",
"id": "46806",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T11:54:24.293",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21851",
"parent_id": "46800",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Very good, but some hiraganas could be better. \nOf course こ is very good.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/c8YXp.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T12:27:19.590",
"id": "46809",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T13:05:06.290",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-23T13:05:06.290",
"last_editor_user_id": "20624",
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "46800",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "I think that it's not very easily readable...\n\nI had some problem figuring out the \"ら\" and especially the whole sentence next\nto your chart.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-04-23T15:18:24.063",
"id": "46811",
"last_activity_date": "2017-04-23T15:18:24.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "46800",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 46800 | 46806 | 46809 |
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