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"accepted_answer_id": "60965",
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"body": "Note that this is not a duplicate of\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/6372/difference-between-\nsentence-final-%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A0-and-%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%A0). I\nam taking about the ものだ and ことだ that expresses exclamation and strong\nfeelings.\n\nMy textbook says that 〜ことだ means:\n\n> 本当に〜だ（驚き・感動・皮肉などを表す）\n\nand 〜ものだ means:\n\n> 1. 〜ということを非常に強く感じる・感心する・あきれる\n>\n> 2. 〜という過去の習慣が懐かしい\n>\n>\n\nand 〜ものがある means:\n\n> 〜という感じがある\n\nAfter reading that, I was very confused because all three of them seem to mean\nroughly the same thing. For example, this JLPT question:\n\n> 迷惑をかけてしまった人たちのことを考えると、今でも心苦しい（ ）。\n>\n> a ものだ b ことだ c ものがある\n\nIf we substitute the meanings, we get:\n\n> a 迷惑をかけてしまった人たちのことを考えると、今でも心苦しいということを非常に強く感じる\n>\n> b 迷惑をかけてしまった人たちのことを考えると、今でも本当に心苦しい\n>\n> c 迷惑をかけてしまった人たちのことを考えると、今でも心苦しいという感じがある\n\nAll three sentences seem to mean the same thing! Yet the \"correct\" answer is\n\"c\". Why? What are the differences between these three grammar?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T10:35:43.977",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60957",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"nuances",
"jlpt"
],
"title": "Difference between ものだ, ことだ and ものがある?",
"view_count": 1004
}
|
[
{
"body": "First, ことだ is a response ~~to the opponent (like \"Oh, that's ... !\").~~ to\nthings about someone else. So, it doesn't work when it comes to your own\nissue.\n\nSecond, ものだ makes your raw emotion into general criteria, which reduces sense\nof commitment (note that I don't mean \"degree of the adjective\").\n\nIn this regard, however, combination of 今でも and extremely personal adjective\nlike 心苦しい is more or less too intensive to use the structure above. If the\nadjective was 悲しい without 今でも, then, ものだ would be fine too, aside from lack of\nresponsibility.\n\nものがある means that you partially acknowledge your emotion, and it works in this\nexample.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T15:04:25.070",
"id": "60965",
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60965
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"accepted_answer_id": "60960",
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"body": "Correct me if I am wrong about くれる form. It means any action which we received\nfrom someone.\n\nHow does it change the meaning if じゃないの is added?\n\nExample:\n\n> 言ってくれる\n\n> 言ってくれるじゃないの",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T11:54:01.477",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60958",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-31T02:56:57.973",
"last_edit_date": "2020-12-31T02:56:57.973",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "11870",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Verbてform + くれるじゃないの Exact meaning",
"view_count": 2853
}
|
[
{
"body": "First, I would like to make sure that the sentence you wanted to ask about is\nactually:\n\n> 「言ってくれるじゃないの。」\n\nas you wrote it, and **_not_** :\n\n> 「言ってくれる **ん** じゃないの。」\n\nbecause those two sentences mean **_completely_** different things.\n\n「言ってくれるじゃないの。」 is much more nuanced/complex than the words used might suggest.\nI will talk about its grammar first, then its meaning and nuance.\n\n「じゃない」 here is **_affirmative_**. It is not the negative 「じゃない」.\n\nIt is affirmative because the negative form of 「くれる」 will always be 「くれない」 and\nit will never be 「くれるじゃない」. If someone said upon seeing my new shirt\n「かっこいいじゃない！」, that would mean \"That (shirt) looks great!\" The negative form of\n「かっこいい」 is 「かっこよくない」 and never 「かっこいいじゃない」.\n\nSorry for the boring explanation, but I had to explain it because I have\nencountered quite a few Japanese-learners who did not know anything about the\naffirmative 「じゃない」. \"Quite a few\" was actually an understatement.\n\nBack to the sentence in question..\n\n「言ってくれるじゃないの。」, therefore, means practically the same thing as 「言ってくれるね。」.\n\n「言ってくれる」 here is nuanced as I stated above. It is **_not_** the same as the\n\"regular\" 「言ってくれる」 that means someone tells you something (for your benefit).\n\n**_Here, 「言ってくれる」 means that someone has the guts to tell you something\nnegative that others would probably hesitate to tell you_**.\n\nThus, a sentence like 「言ってくれるじゃないの。」 is usually **uttered with a degree of\nsarcasm** in the speaker's tone.\n\n> \"Wow, you've got the guts to tell me that. Thanks!\"\n\nis the nuance of the sentence in question.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
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"score": 11
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"accepted_answer_id": "60981",
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"body": "It is known that Japanese names often have multiple readings depending on what\nreading (on'yomi, kun'yomi, nanori ...) is applied to each kanji.\n\nBut my question is about foreign names written in kanji phonetically.\n\nWhen someone gains Japanese citizenship, they usually change their name from\nkatakana to kanji (at least the given name or the surname).\n\nExamples:\n\n * Alessandro Santos 三都主 アレサンドロ _（Santosu Aresandoro)_\n\n * Sergio Escudero エスクデロ 競飛王 _（Esukudero Seruhio)_\n\n * Brendan Neilson ニールソン武蓮伝 _（ニールソン ぶれんでん)_\n\n * Wagner Lopes 呂比須 ワグナー _（Ropesu Wagunā)_\n\n * Martti Turunen 弦念 丸呈 _（Tsurunen Marutei)_\n\nSeeing this, my question is if it is possible to mix the on'yomi and kun'yomi\nreadings. I mean, can you choose the most suitable reading of a kanji (on'yomi\nor kun'yomi) to build each part of your name in kanji?\n\nBy example, Spanish footballer Sergio Escudero has this name: **競飛王**\n(Seruhio).\n\nThe first kanji **競** has Kun'yomi reading **_SERU_** But the second and the\nthird kanji have the On'yomi readings **_HI_** and **_O_** respectively.\n\nIt makes me think that it is possible to choose the most convenient reading to\nwrite our foreign names in Kanji.\n\nHowever, in the past, I read things like this..\n\n<https://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=15189#p169635> (see the\nlast post) ...stating that **you can't** mix the readings to write your\nforeign name in Kanji.\n\nWhat do you know about this? Do you think it is possible to mix the readings?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T13:22:49.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60961",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-14T15:54:21.077",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-19T15:14:09.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "31011",
"owner_user_id": "31011",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings",
"names",
"jōyō-kanji"
],
"title": "Foreign names in Kanji. On'yomi, Kun'yomi or a mix of readings?",
"view_count": 1387
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can, but avoiding it might have an advantage.\n\nI couldn't find documents of the Japanese government about names of foreign\nnames, but in [this Q&A (See the top answer)](https://www.quora.com/Do-\nforeigners-need-to-change-their-name-to-a-Japanese-name-when-they-become-\nJapanese-citizens), there are no such rules.\n\n宇柳貝 is an ateji of Uruguay (though I have never seen it used). 宇(u) and 柳(ryu)\nare On'yomi while 貝(gai) is Kun'yomi. Also, 型録 is an ateji of catalog (I have\nseen this used) and 型(kata) is Kun'yomi while 録(roku) is On'yomi. I don't\nthink the mixture of On'yomi and Kun'yomi in foreign words is wrong.\n\nIn Japanese names, it is natural to mix On'yomi and Kun'yomi. 涼子 (ryou-ko) is\na common given name and 涼(ryou) is On'yomi while 子(ko) is Kun'yomi. So, such\nmixture in names isn't wrong either.\n\nSo, you can mix the readings to write your foreign name.\n\nHowever, such mixture might cause confusion when you read the name. As you\nknow, many kanjis have multiple readings, so the reader has to guess which\nreading is appropriate for the name. Maybe using only On'yomi or only Kun'yomi\nreduces such confusion.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T12:49:00.020",
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{
"body": "Aside from the fact that mixing on'yomi and kun'yomi is commonly done in\nJapanese names anyway (see legogo's answer), foreigners often have little\nchoice as it is when choosing Kanji for their names, based on the construction\nof foreign names as a whole; they tend to be longer than Japanese names (when\nyou add in all the auxiliary vowels that Japanese required that other\nlanguages do not, think \"Alexander\", or \"Arekkusandaa\") and tend to use\nsyllable combinations that are uncommon in Japanese. For example, personally\nspeaking, my IRL last name begins with \"waru\" (in Japanese). It's\nprohibitively difficult to find a Kanji that accomodates that sound to begin\nwith, so bickering over on'yomi or kun'yomi doesn't really help matters; you\ntake what you can get.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-08-14T15:54:21.077",
"id": "70083",
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60961
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"accepted_answer_id": "60982",
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"body": "I wonder in this case if there is any rule that turns H to P.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T14:29:06.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60962",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Why is 輩 in 先輩 pronounced ぱい while 輩 in 後輩 is pronounced はい?",
"view_count": 351
}
|
[
{
"body": "Why? Well, it was practically for the same reason that English-speakers\n\"stopped\" pronouncing the \"gh\" in words such as \"night\", \"daughter\", etc. many\nyears ago. The \"gh\" part was simply too difficult to keep pronouncing.\n\nLikewise, it was and still is a little bit difficult for native Japanese-\nspeakers to say out loud 「せん **は** い」, so we started pronouncing it as 「せん\n**ぱ** い」.\n\nNot that you would need to remember this big technical term if you are a\nbeginner, but this phenomenon is called 「半濁音化{はんだくおんか}」. My own translation of\nthat would be \" ** _P-sound-ification_** \".\n\n**半濁音化 mostly occurs in Sino-loanwords used in Japanese. The H sound turns\ninto the P sound when it follows, for the most part, a 「ん」 or 「っ」 (small っ)**.\n\n先輩 (one's seniors): せん **は** い ⇒ せん **ぱ** い\n\n審判 (umpire): しん **は** ん ⇒ しん **ぱ** ん\n\n絶品 (object of superb quality): ぜっ **ひ** ん ⇒ ぜっ **ぴ** ん\n\n脱皮 (molting): だっ **ひ** ⇒ だっ **ぴ**\n\nThe list will be almost endless as we use tens of thousands of Sino-loanwords.\nUnlike what some Japanese-learners mistakenly seem to believe, the **_vast_**\nmajority of our loanwords come from Chinese and certainly not English.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T06:39:45.050",
"id": "60977",
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},
{
"body": "**TL;DR** \nIn Japanese (native) and Sino-Japanese words, ん and っ make the next consonant\n//h// to //p//. The sound change is a grammatical demand that no longer has\nphonetic ground, as much as English _criti **c**_ vs _criti **c** ize_.\n\n* * *\n\n**Long story** \nOnce upon a time, the Japanese consonant that we today call //h// had the\nsound [[p]]. This sound was weakened to [[ɸ]] by at latest 10th c.\n([母は昔はパパだった](http://www.iciea.jp/i-news/pdf/107/i-News107-15.pdf)), then to\n[[h]]-like sounds (except ふ) by at latest 18th c.\n([ハマの二つは唇の軽重](http://ijustat.com/nihongo/uirou.html)). But there are two cases\nthat these changes were met with resistance.\n\n 1. //p// preceded by consonantal element, now converged into either ん (nasal stop) or っ (reduplication)\n\n> 歩 [[po]] → [[ho]] \"step\" : 一歩 [[it.po]] → [[ippo]] \"one step\" \n> 歯 [[pa]] → [[ha]] : 出歯 [[de.ba]] \"bucktoothed\"\n> ([rendaku](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendaku)) : 出っ歯 [[deʔ.pa]] →\n> [[deppa]] \"bucktoothed (slangy)\" \n> 輩 [[pai]] → [[hai]] \"fellow\" : 先輩 [[sen.pai]] → [[sempai]] \"senior\"\n\n 2. mimetic words; that carry sound symbolism unlike usual words\n\n> ぴかぴか [[pikapika]] < 光 [[pikaɾi]] → [[çikaɾi]] \"light\" \n> ぱたぱた [[patapata]] < はたく [[pataku]] → [[hatakɯ]] \"pat, rap\"\n\nFrom today's perspective, it seems that //h// occasionally turns into //p//,\nbut it's actually //p// is occasionally retained until today.\n\n**PS** \nヨーロッパ, the Japanese transcription of Portuguese\n[_Europa_](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Europa#Portuguese), attests two\nimportant facts at the Late Middle Japanese stage: (1) reduction of diphthongs\n//eu// → //joo//; (2) //p// unable to appear in the middle of word without\nreduplication *//-pa// → //-Qpa//.",
"comment_count": 0,
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60982
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"body": "I am reading a work of fiction by a Japanese novelist and I found an\ninteresting phrase that I'm unfamiliar with, \"訳あり\"\n\nIn the story B launches a surprise raid on A's property. They talk a little\nbit and B says A is irritating him, and A says;\n\n> (A)「いらいらしたついでに、これがどういう事なのかペラペラ説明して下さると手間が省けるんですけどね……」\n>\n> (B)「悪いけど、こっちも訳ありでね」\n\nWhat is this 訳あり? I looked in a dictionary and it says:\n\n> Expression, Na-adjective 1. (having) special circumstances (e.g. problems,\n> issues, advantages, flaws, defects, etc.)\n\nIs that the correct definition for this context? I only know of the \"sorry\"\n\"excuse me\" sort of usage.\n\nSo what is B really saying? Can someone explain this sort of usage for 訳あり?\nMaybe with more example sentences?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T14:57:14.533",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60964",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-12T03:48:40.107",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-19T15:06:18.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "31014",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Implications/usage of \"訳あり\"",
"view_count": 365
}
|
[
{
"body": "A: \"While you're getting irritated, why don't you be so kind as to give me a\nnice explanation as to what this might be. That would save us both the time\nand effort.\" (he's throwing a bit of shade here)\n\nB: \"Sorry, but I have my reasons too.\"\n\nThey both have their own reasons for what they're doing. Can't really tell\nwhat A is doing from the context, but B is saying he too (こっちも) has\nreasons/circumstances (訳あり) for launching the raid, and thus (でね) he can't\nexplain it to A (omitted, implied by the ね).\n\n訳あり tends to imply that the person isn't going to explain the\nreason/circumstances.\n\nFor reference (JP):\n\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/237984/meaning/m0u/>\n<https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%B1%E3%81%82%E3%82%8A>\n<http://yourei.jp/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%B1%E3%81%82%E3%82%8A>",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-19T15:28:46.270",
"id": "60966",
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{
"body": "That dictionary definition is basically correct, but the important connotation\nof 訳あり is \"there are some special circumstances _that cannot be mentioned\nopenly_ \". People use this euphemistic word when explaining the details of\n\"circumstances\" is risky, vulgar, tasteless, too direct, etc. For example,\n訳ありの物件 is an euphemistic way of saying\n[事故物件](https://jisho.org/search/%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85%E7%89%A9%E4%BB%B6). 訳あり商品\n([Wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%8F%E3%81%91%E3%81%82%E3%82%8A%E5%95%86%E5%93%81))\nrefers to discounted items due to broken package, etc (shops obviously don't\nwant to call them 欠陥商品).\n\nIf someone said 訳あり(の人), rather than actually asking for clarification, it's\noften best to just guess what \"the circumstances\" actually means. Without any\ncontext, a 訳ありの人間 by itself usually refers to someone who has some shady\nbackground, for example a connection to a crime syndicate. In this situation,\nB is clearly signaling he doesn't want to disclose who he is or why he is\nthere. Whatever his background is, he is implying he is not a mere petty\nthief.\n\n(I think 訳あり tends to be used as a no-adjective. 申し訳ありません has nothing to do\nwith this.)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-19T16:57:53.873",
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"body": "In English, we use the word \"option\" in a wide array of situations with many\ndifferent meanings. When speaking, I struggled to find a word that translated\nthe meaning effectively. Some examples are:\n\n> Giving up is not an option.\n\nIn this case I assume there is not a direct translation, and I have to use\n`あきらめるわけにはいかない` or something of the sort?\n\n> There are many drink options at that restaurant.\n\nThis is another usage that confuses me. I feel like `たくさんの種類` maybe works, but\nthat there is still a better way to say this.\n\n> What are our options?\n\nor\n\n> That idea, won't work, we need to find another option.\n\nThis is the usage that really gets me. I am not aware of a word that exists\nsuch that I can say, `僕らはほかの＜option＞を探さない/見つけないといけない`",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T16:13:02.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60967",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T17:52:02.337",
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"owner_user_id": "29183",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "does the word \"Option\" have an analogue in Japanese",
"view_count": 454
}
|
[
{
"body": "The word 選択肢 can be used, possibly with small rephrasing, like this:\n\n> * 諦めるという選択肢はない。\n> * このレストランにはたくさんのドリンクの選択肢がある。\n> * 我々の選択肢は何か？\n> * その案はダメだ、別の選択肢を探さないと。\n>\n\nStill, 選択肢 is a relatively stiff word, and yes, something like 諦めるわけにはいかない may\nbe a reasonable choice in casual speech. If you feel like avoiding 選択肢, you\ncan say たくさんのドリンク **から選べる** , どんな **案** があるか, 別の **方法** を探そう, etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T17:52:02.337",
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "60971",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "From\n[here](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011579861000/k10011579861000.html):\n\n> この行事は、 **お盆が終わって** 先祖の霊を送るために行われていて、３００年以上の歴史があると言われています。 \n> This is event is performed to dispatch the souls of the ancestors ??? and\n> is said to have over 300 years of history.\n\nI'm struggling to parse this sentence. In particular how should I fit お盆が終わって\ninto it?\n\nI cannot make a parsing which contains \"Obon ends and...\".\n\nThe only parsing I can make which makes sense is to have お盆が終わって adverbially\nmodify 行う i.e \"the event is performed by means of Obon ending.\", but I'm not\nfinding that at all convincing.\n\nOr maybe it could adverbially modify 送る to give \"This event is performed to\ndispatch the souls of the ancestors by Obon ending\", i.e. Obon ending is the\nthing that brings about the dispatch of the souls. I find this only marginally\nmore convincing.\n\nI keep trying to make it say \"This is event is performed to end Obon and\ndispatch the souls of the ancestors\", but surely that would require the\ntransitive version: お盆を終えて.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T18:14:51.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60969",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T06:17:17.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"parsing",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "PhraseA-て + phraseB + ために + phrase C",
"view_count": 150
}
|
[
{
"body": ">\n> 「この行事{ぎょうじ}は、お盆{ぼん}が終{お}わって先祖{せんぞ}の霊{れい}を送{おく}るために行{おこな}われていて、３００年以上{ねんいじょう}の歴史{れきし}があると言{い}われています。」\n\n\"Verb Phrase A + Verb Phrase B + ために + Verb Phrase C\"\n\nRegarding the first two verb phrases (A & B) **_in this particular sentence_**\n, they are **_not_** exactly in the sequential relationship of \"do A first and\nthen do B\". Instead, the two events/actions are taking place\n**_concurrently_**.\n\nThe two events/actions are:\n\n1) The obon is coming to an end.\n\n2) People are sending their ancestors' spirits off (to the other world where\nthey are usually found).\n\nGrammatically speaking, 「お盆が終わって」 modifies 「先祖の霊を送る」. It does not modify\n「行われていて」.\n\nNuance-wise, however, 「お盆が終わって」 is close to 「お盆の終わりに」.\n\nOther examples:\n\n「飲{の}んで食{た}べる」: You do **not** drink first and then eat. You do both\nsimultaneously.\n\n「歌{うた}って踊{おど}る」: You do **not** first sing and then dance. You sing while\ndancing (or dance while singing.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T23:15:44.410",
"id": "60971",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T05:01:00.897",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-20T05:01:00.897",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "60969",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I think the meaning of this ～て is close to \"after ～\", so お盆が終わって means \"after\nObon ends\". For example, 宿題して遊びなさい(Play after doing a homework).\n\nSo it would be \"This event is performed to dispatch the souls of the ancestors\nafter Obon ends and is said to have over 300 years of history.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T06:17:17.410",
"id": "60976",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T06:17:17.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "60969",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
60969
|
60971
|
60971
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "60986",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I encountered the following line in volume 2 of ハクメイとミコチ:\n\n> 鋭い目付きの男は、年季の入った道具を携え卓越した技術を振るった。\n\nHow does 年季の入った characterize the tools the man used? Does it mean that they\nare reliable tools that stood the test of time, or just old worn-out tools?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-19T21:53:18.990",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60970",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-22T06:16:02.900",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12271",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Connotation of 年季の入った when describing things",
"view_count": 178
}
|
[
{
"body": "年季の入った道具 means it's an old and well-used tool. That is, the tool has worked\nsufficiently for a long time at least for this man, but this phrase does not\ndirectly say it's a high-quality tool in a general sense. For example, even a\nvery cheap hammer can be 年季の入ったハンマー if someone used it for a long time.\n\n**EDIT** : To clarify, when 年季の入った modifies a person or an action, it tends to\nhave a positive connotation similar to 円熟/熟練. But when 年季の入った modifies an\ninanimate object, I think it just refers to something that has been used for a\nlong time and is showing its age, but is still perfectly usable. Depending on\nthe context, it may have a value as a vintage, though. See [this thesaurus\nentry](https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E5%B9%B4%E5%AD%A3%E3%81%AE%E5%85%A5%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F),\ntoo.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T17:39:30.267",
"id": "60986",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-22T06:16:02.900",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-22T06:16:02.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60970",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
60970
|
60986
|
60986
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "60974",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just started reading 上級へのとびら, an intermediate book with a lot of reading\nsections. Throughout my reading there have been a couple cases where I can't\nunderstand the usage of が in my sentences.\n\n> 日本人が大好きな桜の花がいつ頃咲くかは、場所によって違います。\n\nThis sentence seems like it would work better with の, but from what I have\nbeen told it has to do with the adjective 大好き. What confuses me is that I have\nalways thought that verbs finish a clause, but in this case 日本人が大好きな桜の花 seems\nto be the subject for this sentence. Why is this?\n\n> 温泉には観光やレジャーが目的で行く人が多く、温泉では大きいお風呂に入ったり、おいしい料理を食べたり、浴衣を着たりしてリラックスします。\n\nThe part I don't understand here is 観光やレジャーが目的. 観光やレジャー isn't the subject I\ndon't think, so I honestly don't know why its being used with が.\n\nAny help is appreciated!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T01:25:13.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60972",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T03:52:40.553",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-20T03:32:27.063",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25884",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-が",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "が frequentally being used in ways I cant understand",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "日本人が大好きな桜の花 is the subject of the verb 咲く, and the subject of the verb 違います is\n日本人が大好きな桜の花がいつ頃咲くか. The whole structure of this sentence is like\nthis.[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Xbwvt.png)\n\nIn 観光やレジャーが目的, 観光やレジャー is the subject of 目的で（目的だ） and not 行く. It says 観光やレジャー\nis the purpose of 行く. [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/whvmx.png)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T03:52:40.553",
"id": "60974",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T03:52:40.553",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30858",
"parent_id": "60972",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
60972
|
60974
|
60974
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Suppose I'm writing a novel that takes place N years ago, say N = 80. Given\nthe dramatic increase of loanwords in the past century, especially from\nEnglish, what would be the best way (if there is any) to know whether a word\nexisted at all and how commonly was it used at the time?\n\nFor material things, eg related to technology, this would obviously trivial. I\nam referring here to more abstract concepts, such as adjectives and nouns like\nポピュラー、リーズナブル、カラフル、デリケート、ドキュメント、コミットメント、イベント, and so on.\n\nOne way I can think of is to check dictionaries published around the time the\nstory takes place. However, this could be technically difficult and not\nnecessarily precise. Is there any other way? To rephrase the question, what is\na good way to understand when a new word has been officially introduced and\nbecame mainstream? Before Google of course.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T04:24:50.497",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60975",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T18:06:00.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 17,
"tags": [
"words",
"loanwords",
"dictionary"
],
"title": "How would I know whether a word existed and was commonly used N years ago?",
"view_count": 1141
}
|
[
{
"body": "BCCWJ is a corpus of written Japanese and you can search it\n[here](http://www.kotonoha.gr.jp/shonagon/). Type the word in the search box\nand you can see the published year of the texts in which the word was used.\nHowever, it focuses on contemporary Japanese and doesn't include texts before\n1971.\n\n[CHJ](http://pj.ninjal.ac.jp/corpus_center/chj/) is a corpus of written\nJapanese from Nara period to Taisho period (~1925). However, you have to fill\nout an application form to use it.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T07:07:31.920",
"id": "60978",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T07:07:31.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30858",
"parent_id": "60975",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "[青空文庫](https://www.aozora.gr.jp/) is a library of public-domain literary\nworks, and it mainly consists of novels written between 1870 and 1950. I often\nuse this [full-text search](https://www.joao-roiz.jp/AOZORA/) to check how a\ncertain word was used around the Meiji - middle Showa era.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:06:00.437",
"id": "60990",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T18:06:00.437",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60975",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
60975
| null |
60978
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "60998",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am trying to understand a passage that I found in a JLPT N2 practice book. I\nwill quote the passage bit by bit, giving my interpretation.\n\n>\n> 自分の考えに自信を持ち、これで良いのだと自分に言い聞かせるだけでは充分ではない。他の人の考えにも、肯定的な姿勢を取るようにしなくてはならない。どんなものでもその気になって探せば、必ずいいところがある。それを称揚する。\n\nJust telling yourself that \"it's enough to just be confident in your own\nideas/thoughts\" is not enough. You have to acknowledge others' ideas and\nthoughts as well. If you do this, then you will find some good aspects in\neverything, and you should praise those good aspects.\n\nSo far so good.\n\n>\n> よくわからないときにも、ぶっつけに「さっぱりわかりませんね」などと水をかけるのは禁物である。「随分難しそうですが、でも、なんだか面白そうではありませんか」とやれば、同じことでも、受ける感じは全く違ってくる。\n\nEven when you don't understand (what the other person is saying), you\nshouldn't just say \"you totally lost me\". On the other hand, if you say \"This\nseems quite hard to understand, but it's quite interesting as well, isn't\nit?\", then the impression the other person gets is totally different.\n\nIt's still kind of on-topic. It seems to continue talking about how to respect\nother people's thoughts and ideas. But then I see this:\n\n> すぐれた教育者、指導者などはどこか良いところを見つけて、そこへ道をつけておく。\n\nGood educators and leaders will find some good aspects somewhere, and make a\nroad towards it (?)\n\nWhy does it suddenly start talking about good educators and leaders. I suppose\nit's to give an example of \"who acknowledge others' ideas and thoughts and\nfind good aspects\", a reference to the first excerpt.\n\n\"make a road towards it\" is from Jisho.org. Apparently that's what 道をつける\nmeans... Feels kind of unnatural in English though.\n\nWhat comes next completely blew my mind:\n\n> 批評された側では、多少、けなされていても、褒められたところをよりどころにして希望をつなぎとめることができる。\n\nOn the side of being criticised, even if you are spoken ill of, you can more\nor less use the places where you are praised as support, and hold onto hope.\n\nSuddenly what is the author talking about? That seems like nonsense. If you\nare being criticised, 褒められたところ wouldn't exist, would it? This sentence also\ndoesn't connect well with what was being said. Why suddenly 批評された側では? The\nsentence feels very random and out of nowhere.\n\nQuestion:\n\nWhere have I misunderstood the passage? Or is the passage supposed to be hard\nto understand? Maybe my tiny brain isn't powerful enough to understand such a\nphilosophical passage?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T15:59:57.143",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60984",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T20:16:42.727",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18200",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"jlpt"
],
"title": "How does this passage change the topics of discussion so quickly?",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Why does it suddenly start talking about good educators and leaders.\n\nYour understanding is correct. This \"good educators and leaders\" is working as\nan example of people who are good at giving compliments. 道をつけておく strikes me as\nan odd and unfamiliar expression to me, too, but I guess it means they are\nalways thinking about how to eventually give compliments until the end of a\nconversation.\n\n> Why suddenly 批評された側では?\n\nBy saying 側, the author is explicitly signaling the switch of the viewpoint.\nThe author has been talking from the 教育者/指導者's standpoint. Now the author is\ntrying to rephrase the sentence from the other standpoint, i.e., the\nstudent/learner's standpoint.\n\n> If you are being criticised, 褒められたところ wouldn't exist, would it?\n\nIt says **多少** けなされていても (Note that 多少 modifies けなされていても.). And we were talking\nabout a good educator who never forgets to find good points and give\ncompliments, right? \"From the criticized one's point of view, even if you were\nput down to some degree, (good teachers don't fail to also praise you and) you\ncan keep hope based on what has been praised.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T20:16:42.727",
"id": "60998",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T20:16:42.727",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60984",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
60984
|
60998
|
60998
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "60991",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In studies on contemporary Japanese culture, they use \"Gemu Otaku\" in the\nsense of \"video game nerd\", \"game freak\".\n\n 1. Is this an academic term only or do people actually use this term in Japanese everyday speak?\n 2. I was wondering, how is it spelled correctly? Or at least commonly? Many sources read \"Gemu Otaku\", Google Translate spits out \"Gēmuotaku\" or Gēmu no otaku\".\n 3. How is it written in actual Japanese, i.e., not romanized?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:05:39.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60989",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-01T16:17:16.527",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-01T16:17:16.527",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "31021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"culture",
"rōmaji",
"video-games"
],
"title": "Correct spelling of \"Gemu Otaku\"",
"view_count": 403
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. It's not an academic term but a slangy word, at least to the ears of ordinary Japanese people. You can use it in everyday slangy speech, but real hardcore gamers often abbreviate it as ゲーオタ (\"gēota\") in a net forum or such. If some foreign researchers are using it as an academic word, well, that's not my concern. See: [Types of Otaku](https://www.japanesewithanime.com/2018/01/otaku-types.html)\n\n 2. There are [several ways of romanizing Japanese](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese#Modern_systems). Both \"Gemu Otaku\" and \"Gēmuotaku\" are correct, but you should be using the same system throughout your work. If you're not sure, my recommendation is [Hepburn system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization).\n\n 3. In katakana, `ゲームオタク`. (There is another _nonstandard_ spelling, `ゲームヲタク`, which looks even more slangy.)",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:18:58.423",
"id": "60991",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T18:29:02.940",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-20T18:29:02.940",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60989",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
60989
|
60991
|
60991
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "60993",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> たかが感想文とはいえ、ほどほどにリアルな文体と内容が好評で、今では俺の量産する感想文は現在１部２万で取引されている。\n\nspeaker talking about his trivial job of writing feedback for literature aimed\nat elementary schoolers, how many is １部２万 exactly?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:21:36.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60992",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T18:47:01.130",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"numbers"
],
"title": "Meaning of \"１部２万\"",
"view_count": 140
}
|
[
{
"body": "This 1部2万で means 1部につき2万円で or \"for 20,000 yen per article\". (Replace \"yen\"\nwith an appropriate currency unit if this is not a story in Japan.) 部 is a\ncounter for articles, documents, booklets, etc.\n\nIn general, this is a pattern to express \"X per Y\".\n\n> * 1日1回 once a day\n> * 1時間9本 9 trains per hour\n> * 1人5分 5 minutes per person (e.g. a contestant)\n> * 1枚15秒で in 15 seconds per sheet\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:41:02.030",
"id": "60993",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T18:47:01.130",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-20T18:47:01.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60992",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
60992
|
60993
|
60993
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I'm having a friendly debate with someone over the correct parsing of this\nsentence:\n\n> 隆之介のような無類のライトレベルを操る才覚なく\n\nNamely the way 無類 is affecting it.\n\nI'm of the opinion that the correct way to parse this is:\n\n> He doesn't have the quick wits to handle unmatched light levels like\n> Ryunosuke can. (I.e. Ryunosuke's light levels are unmatched)\n\nBut my buddy thinks it would be more accurate to say:\n\n> He doesn't have the quick wits to handle light levels in an unmatched way\n> like Ryunosuke can. (I.e. Ryunosuke's handling of light levels is unmatched)\n\nI felt confident in my version but I'm seriously second guessing myself now.\nIf someone could break it down I'd be grateful!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T18:46:21.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60994",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T19:05:47.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31022",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"parsing"
],
"title": "The correct parsing of 無類 In this sentence",
"view_count": 55
}
|
[
{
"body": "Basically, this is [purely context-\ndependent](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/46822/5010). What's the\nprevious context? \"Ryunosuke has an exceptional talent?\" Or are they talking\nabout varying strengths of _light levels_ and \"Ryunosuke has a talent of\nhandling even strong _light levels_?\"\n\nThat said, I tend to think 無類の modifies 才覚 unless the context is clearly about\nthe varying strength of _light levels_. That is, the phrase **probably** means\n\"He doesn't have an unmatched talent of handling _light levels_ like that of\nRyunosuke\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T19:05:47.567",
"id": "60996",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T19:05:47.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60994",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
60994
| null |
60996
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61000",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a following sentence:\n\n> **娘がお世話になる職場の方** として\n>\n> ご近所の母親友達として\n>\n> 母子共々よろしくお願いします\n\nContext: Person A is mother of a daughter working (recently joined) in the\nsame organization as the Person B this is directed towards. I'd say that this\nroughly means:\n\n> As a person from the workplace where my daughter is \"being taken care\n> of\"/working\n>\n> and as a mother-friend?!? from the neighborhood\n>\n> I leave both of us in your care.\n\nI am aware of course that お世話になる職場 is likely just a fancy way to say workplace\nwhere the daughter is [working or being\ntrained](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/60513/meaning-\nof-%E3%81%8A%E4%B8%96%E8%A9%B1%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B-vis-a-vis-place-of-\nwork-or-place-where-someone-is-being-traine). What I'm wondering is does this\nimply that the person in question (B/方) is the one taking care of/supervising\nthe daughter? I don't think so. I think the idea is that the workplace is\ndoing or the taking care is happening on it, and B is just working there.\n\nSo A is more asking for B to \"keep an eye\" on her daughter, rather than to\nwork her well...\n\nAnd yeah, I'm also wondering about that 母親友達, is it someone who is a mother\nand a friend (to A) or might it be more mother of daughter's friend because\nA's and B's daughters are friends.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T20:02:19.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60997",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T21:12:46.867",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "26839",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Interpretting お世話になる職場の方",
"view_count": 93
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think you're taking よろしくお願いします too seriously. It's [notoriously difficult to\ntranslate](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/yoroshiku-onegaishimasu-meaning/),\nbut basically it's no more than \"glad to see you\" here. It's a word used to\nestablish/keep a good relationship with someone. Even if B is not going to\ndirectly supervise or train A's daughter, or even if B is unlikely to see A's\ndaughter at the workplace, there is nothing wrong saying よろしくお願いします. 母親友達 is\nalso known as\n[ママ友](https://bangin.wordpress.com/2011/06/12/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%9E%E5%8F%8B-mamatomo/),\nfriends who are also mothers. They often get together and talk about their\nkids and husbands.\n\nSo the loose interpretation would be simply: \"You work at my daughter's\ntraining site (though you may not have have chances to see/help my daughter),\nand we will probably share some time since we are neighbors and both mothers.\nIn either terms, I'm glad to see you.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T20:55:36.193",
"id": "61000",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-20T21:12:46.867",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-20T21:12:46.867",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "60997",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
60997
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61000
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61000
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61004",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "海街 Diary volume 1, on page 8, this sentence appears inside a thought /\nnarration bubble from the lead female character:\n\n> きのう奥さんの叔父さんて人から病院に電話あったの。\n\nAfter juggling with Google Translate, I believe the character is saying that\nyesterday the uncle's wife received a phone call from a man.\n\nThen I am lost. Was the phone call made to a hospital? There is no previous\nmention of the uncle's wife being in a hospital. Or was a person from the\nhospital calling? If the latter then what's the に after 病院 for?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T20:35:51.453",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "60999",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-28T05:08:55.253",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-28T05:08:55.253",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"manga"
],
"title": "きのう奥さんの叔父さんて人から病院に電話あったの",
"view_count": 256
}
|
[
{
"body": "> きのう奥さんの叔父さんて人から病院に電話あったの \n> yesterday the uncle's wife received a phone call from a man.\n\n奥さんの叔父さん is \"the wife's uncle\", not \"the uncle's wife\". The て (or って) is a\ncasual appositive particle (≂ という). 奥さんの叔父さんて人 literally means \"a person who\nis the wife's uncle\", or \"a man who calls himself the wife's uncle\".\n\nSo the sentence is basically saying: \"Yesterday, there was a phone call to the\nhospital from the wife's uncle.\" / \"I received a phone call at the hospital\nfrom the wife's uncle.\"\n\nThe main character's older sister works at a hospital and is telling her on\nthe phone that she had received a phone call at the hospital from the wife's\nuncle. The wife is their father's second wife.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T01:56:19.540",
"id": "61004",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T02:02:08.697",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T02:02:08.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "60999",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
60999
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61004
|
61004
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61003",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I understand that the word for police box is Koban or 交番 in kanji, but why is\nthe signage always in roman letters - Koban.\n\nMy guess would be to make it easier for foreigners to read, but wouldn't they\njust put the English word instead - \"police box\"?\n\nJust wondering if anyway knows of a real reason for this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-20T23:36:09.683",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61001",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T12:23:14.877",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "6604",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 24,
"tags": [
"culture",
"rōmaji"
],
"title": "Why are police boxes labeled Koban (in roman letters) in Japan?",
"view_count": 4787
}
|
[
{
"body": "The answer is right on the 警視庁 (metropolitan police department)'s\n[website](http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/about_mpd/shokai/pipo/webpb/koban_qa.html#cms6).\n\nBasically it says that it is common to use foreign words as-is if there is no\nsimilar cultural counterpart, using sumo and kabuki as examples. Koban is an\nunfamiliar idea in most cultures, so that's why they decided to go with using\n\"koban\" as is. The koban system has been introduced in the west.\n\nThey also make an effort to reinforce this on their [English\nwebsite](http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/multilingual/english/about_us/activity/koban.html).\n\nWhile \"police box\" is often used as the closest translation, police boxes are\nactually [very different from\nkoban](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_box), in both size and purpose.\nThe MPD probably wants to make this distinction. Also, not every Japanese\nresident can think up the words \"police box\" and this can hinder communication\nwith a non-Japanese speaker; they would most certainly be able to point a lost\ntourist to the nearest \"koban\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T01:06:50.760",
"id": "61003",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T12:23:14.877",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T12:23:14.877",
"last_editor_user_id": "246",
"owner_user_id": "9508",
"parent_id": "61001",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 28
},
{
"body": "I cant comment, but according to\n\n[wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dban)\n\n> The name kōban derives from the name of the earliest structure built in\n> 1874, which were indeed simple boxes meant for standing watch (立番 tachiban)\n> in rotation (交替 kōtai), thus creating a compound word consisting of kō (交)\n> and ban (番).\n\nCitied from\n[here](http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/sikumi/kouban/kouban.htm)\n([archived\nversion](https://www.webcitation.org/6AWrNjrFN?url=http://www.keishicho.metro.tokyo.jp/sikumi/kouban/kouban.htm))\nI added the wikipedia cite since, the original is only in japanese.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T09:57:40.613",
"id": "61013",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T09:57:40.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31027",
"parent_id": "61001",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61001
|
61003
|
61003
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61006",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 就職先を失敗して学んだことは、どんな仕事にしろ結局はいかに相手の立場になって物事を考えられるかどうかだと思った。\n\nSpeaker talking about a prior job that the speaker quit due to insane\nhours/low pay\n\nI think that \"I learned from failing at my (old) workplace that, whatever job\nit is, in the end however much i become (?) my partner's standpoint, shuold i\nconsider everything(?)\".\n\nI can't quite make sense of what the speaker is trying to say here.\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T02:19:52.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61005",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T03:13:45.773",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"parsing"
],
"title": "いかに～かどうか structure in this sentence",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 就職先を失敗して学んだことは、 \n> What I learned after failing in choosing a workplace is (that)...\n>\n> どんな仕事にしろ \n> whatever job it is,\n>\n> 結局は ～ だと思った \n> I thought it boils down to ～ / after all, it's a matter of ～\n>\n> いかに相手の立場になって物事を考えられるかどうか \n> how well I can think things from other people's standpoint\n\nThe last one is a simple embedded question rather than \"no matter how\". 立場になる\nis \"to place oneself in a (certain) position\", and ～の立場になって is \"from ～'s\nstandpoint.\" 相手 in this context refers to anyone you talk or do business with.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T02:30:40.507",
"id": "61006",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T03:13:45.773",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T03:13:45.773",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61005",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61005
|
61006
|
61006
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61016",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I tried looking up a similar example to this sentence, but I couldn't:\n\n> 図鑑読んで出直してきな\n\nthis isn't the whole sentence, the first part ends with たら conditional.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T05:24:50.807",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61007",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-15T07:41:20.490",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-15T07:41:20.490",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "30387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"conditionals",
"ellipsis"
],
"title": "what is してき in this sentence?",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "You are parsing it incorrectly.\n\n「出直{でなお}して・き・な」 = 「出直す」+「くる」+「な」\n\n「な」 here is a sentence-ending particle that functions as an **_informal\nimperative-softener_**.\n\nThus, 「きな」 means virtually the same thing as 「来{き}なさい」\n\n> \"Come again after reading the picture book, will you?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T13:46:17.913",
"id": "61016",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T13:59:03.270",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T13:59:03.270",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61007",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61007
|
61016
|
61016
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61010",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The Etymological Dictionary of Han Chinese Characters (which is the pdf/book\nformat of the database for an old website called \"Kanji Networks\") states:\n\n> 風 (9) フウ;フ;かざ;かぜ \n> A variant form of 鳳 (large bird flapping its wings), later conceived of as\n> the source of _wind_ causing various life forms and other objects to flutter\n> → _trend_ ; _atmosphere_ ; _taste_ ; _custom_ (← things brought in then\n> carried off by the wind).\n\nWiktionary states:\n\n> Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *plum, *plums): phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) +\n> semantic 虫 (“insects”). Ancient Chinese thought insects appear with wind.\n> (Insects refer to any kind of animal, such as tigers (大蟲)).\n\nMost other dictionaries I've searched online seem to agree with the latter (at\nleast somewhat), but which is correct? I find it harder to believe that\nsomething so common as the wind would be a derived from a mythological bird,\nalthough its a much cooler explanation than the wind causing animals to\nappear.\n\nHas anyone ever seen the former etymology before? Does this mean Kanji\nNetworks and their dictionary is not to be trusted at all? I'm a relatively\nnew learner of Japanese and so I'm not sure if its a known discredited source.\nOr am I missing something here? Any help appreciated. Apologies if this isn't\nthe right place for this question, please move it somewhere its more likely to\nbe answered if so. Thanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T06:25:13.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61008",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-22T05:59:33.447",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T13:14:16.413",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27149",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What is the character etymology of 風?",
"view_count": 845
}
|
[
{
"body": "「風」( _wind_ ) and「鳳」([ _Chinese male mythical\nbird_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenghuang)) share the same origins. The\norigin of「風」is nothing more than a differentiation from「鳳」; previously,\nsince「風」did not have its own character, it just used「鳳」as a phonetic loan\n(note that they both have the two _On'yomi_ **ふう** and **ほう** ).\n\n* * *\n\n「鳳」was originally a picture of an elaborately adorned mythical bird with a\nlarge crown and long tail feathers.\n\n# `A \n[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/7B05p.png) \n[後](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2.39.10 \n[合集13339](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=13339&jgwfl=)`\n\nLater on, a sound hint「凡」was added, and the bird tails became even more\nelaborately adorned.\n\n# `B \n商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Bf5y.png) \n[後](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)2.30.6 \n[合集38186](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=38186&jgwfl=)`` \n商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DMhhg.png) \n[燕](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)147「凡」 \n[合集18875](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=18875&jgwfl=)`\n\nThe adornments on the bird tails eventually separated from the bird itself.\n\n# `C \n[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n[金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQrxT.png) \n中方鼎 \n[集成2752](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2752&jgwfl=)`\n\nDuring this period of change, some inscriptions may have used a simpler, less\nelaborate bird shape that eventually evolved to「隹/鳥」(these two are\nvariants).「凡」also grew to cover the entire bird. These changes lead on to the\nmodern「鳳」.\n\n# `B \n商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5Bf5y.png) \n後2.30.6 \n合集38186``D \n商ㆍ[殷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinxu) \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jOCyJ.png) \n[拾](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)7.9 \n[合集30234](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=30234&jgwfl=)``E \n \n[篆](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zEuvZ.png) \n[說文解字](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi) \n``F \n現代 \n[楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/fm0jg.png) \n \n`\n\nAnother variant saw most of the structure of the bird being omitted. Take one\nof the separated tail adornments from form **C** , and remove the top circle-\ndot shape「⊙」. We're left with「凡」and a very simple remnant of the adornment,\nleading on to the modern「風」.\n\n# `C \n西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MQrxT.png) \n中方鼎 \n集成2752``G \n[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n[帛](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Kfpcd.png) \n[帛甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/ChuwenziReference)1.31 \n``H \n[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/JTFZa.png) \n[睡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)ㆍ[秦2](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference) \n``I \n現代 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XZ4Ob.png) \n \n`\n\n> There is no particular reason to remove「⊙」, which is why we have variants\n> which kept「⊙」and removed the other part.「風」became the more popular variant\n> due to an accident in history.\n>\n> # `J \n> \n> 篆 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/mrgrY.png) \n> 說文古文 \n> ``K \n> 現代 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/prtWY.png) \n> 「凬」 \n> `\n\n「虫」has nothing to do with「風」!「虫」originally depicted a poisonous snake (now\nwritten「虺」; the meaning _insects_ was strictly written as「蟲」in\n[Kyūjitai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai) before becoming\nsimplified to「虫」).「風」and「虫」converged in shape because the reduced adornment\nlooked very graphically similar to the snake since very early on.\n\n# ` \n商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/bK0ah.png) \n[乙](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)8718 \n[合集22296](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=22296&jgwfl=)`` \n西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qrV1Z.png) \n虫⿱爫日作旅鼎 \n[集成2175](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2175&jgwfl=)`` \n秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kYDOH.png) \n睡ㆍ[日甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/QinwenziReference)62背 \n`` \n現代 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/f9MAE.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\n**References:**\n\n * 李學勤《字源》\n * 季旭昇《說文新證》\n * 裘錫圭《文字學概要》\n * [小學堂](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/)\n * [國學大師](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/)",
"comment_count": 15,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T09:23:10.573",
"id": "61010",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-22T05:59:33.447",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-22T05:59:33.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "26510",
"owner_user_id": "26510",
"parent_id": "61008",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
61008
|
61010
|
61010
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Every once in a while, I come across [some\nvariant](https://www5.atwiki.jp/hmiku/pages/35764.html) of [a\nphrase](https://www24.atwiki.jp/utauuuta/pages/3519.html) that would literally\ntranslate to \"pretending to be cold.\"\n\nAs far as I can tell, it refers to a sort of desperate attention-seeking\nbehavior; something like, the speaker feels alone and unsupported, so they\nplay up how much they need help and how sad they are to see if anyone will\ncome and comfort them. Like, they want to feel like someone is there for them\nif they need it.\n\nWhile I feel like I more-or-less understand the phrase itself, I can't figure\nout how to express it concisely in English. It's usually sufficient to\ntranslate it literally because it usually makes sense in context, but\nsometimes the existing context isn't quite enough. Does anyone have any ideas?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T08:22:13.720",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61009",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-21T08:48:54.790",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-21T08:48:54.790",
"last_editor_user_id": "30701",
"owner_user_id": "30701",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"idioms"
],
"title": "A good translation for 寒がるふり / 冷めたふり / etc?",
"view_count": 99
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|
[] |
61009
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61012",
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"body": "> なにかあったら呼んでくれ、と言いたい所だが、悪いが呼ばれても何もできん\n\nAnd my attempt to translate:\n\n> I want to say, call me if something happens, but I can't do anything if you\n> call me wrong.\n\nI think I got something wrong, but I don't know what...",
"comment_count": 0,
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"tags": [
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"title": "なにかあったら呼んでくれ、と言いたい所だが、悪いが呼ばれても何もできん",
"view_count": 97
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|
[
{
"body": "> 「なにかあったら呼{よ}んでくれ、と言{い}いたい所{ところ}だが、悪{わる}いが呼ばれても何{なに}もできん。」\n\nAnd your attempt to translate is:\n\n> \"I want to say, call me if something happens, but I can't do anything if you\n> **call me wrong** \".\n\nMy question would be \"Where are you getting 'call me wrong' from?\"\n\n「悪いが」 in that sentence means \" ** _I'm sorry, but_** \", \" ** _unfortunately_**\n\", etc.\n\n「呼ばれても」 is in the passive voice, meaning \" ** _if I am called (by you)_** \".\nNote that I used the active voice \"if you called me\" instead for a more\nnatural-sounding translation.\n\nSo, the sentence means:\n\n> \"I'd like to ask/tell you to call me if something happens, but I'm sorry I\n> wouldn't be able to do anything if you called me.\"",
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61011
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61012
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"body": "When I am memorizing kanji , I noticed these two words have the same meaning\n(減算 and 引き算) . Both are subtraction , isn’t! So how can I use correctly with\nthat words? What is the difference usage.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-21T12:21:33.597",
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"tags": [
"word-choice"
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"title": "How to use 減算 and 引き算 correctly?",
"view_count": 249
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|
[
{
"body": "They are mostly synonymous. The major difference being, 引き算 is the more common\nname for the mathematical operation called subtraction (even used by grade\nschool kids), while 減算 is the \"scientific\" term. 減算 can also indicate a\ndecrease or reduction in amount. For example, if the amount of assistance\nmoney is decreased you can say 「支援金の減算」 but not 「支援金の引き算」. FYI, the synonyms\nfor 足し算 is 加算, 掛け算 is 乗算, and 割り算 is 除算.",
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61014
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61025
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61025
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"body": "I'm trying to understand some paper about Udagawa Youan and chemistry in Japan\nand I have a big problem with 殺素. It's means all chemistry elements which can\nkill or mayby only radioactive? Or mayby it's means something else? And is\nthis word in use today too?\n\nExample from paper:\n\n> 榕菴初期の気体化学、窒素と殺素、大気に濛気の語。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-21T13:19:18.383",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"history",
"terminology"
],
"title": "the meaning and use of the word 殺素 today",
"view_count": 130
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"body": "I googled and found the paper you are referring to. In a section later than\nyour example it explains:\n\n>\n> 榕菴が苦労したのは、オランダ語を理解することであった。しかし直訳ではなく、多くの参考書を活用し自身の考えをいれた。しかしそうでない造語もある。水素、酸素、窒素など元素名は\n> 榕菴以前にはなく、榕菴が造語せねばならなかった。窒素はオランダ語stikstofで、\n> 榕菴は最初の殺素から途中で窒素に変えたもの、酸素はzuurstofでオランダ語では酸っぱい、水素はwaterstofで水の素であるという意である。\n\nSo unless I have misinterpreted this, it seems that it was his original\nneologism for 窒素, and was not, and has never been, in wide use for that\nmeaning or any other.",
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61015
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61017
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{
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"body": "I've learned that ru verbs should drop る and replace it with た.\n\nBut 入る becomes 入った and I'm not sure why.\n\nThe same goes for\n\n * 食べる → 食べた\n * しゃべる → しゃべた\n\nAre these irregulars or am I misunderstanding something?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-21T19:26:27.720",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"tense",
"past"
],
"title": "Why 入った and not 入た past tense",
"view_count": 1472
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"body": "The rule for '-ru' (ichidan) verbs and '-u' (godan) verbs is 'anything ending\nin '-iru' or '-eru' _can_ be a '-ru' verb. But 入る and しゃべる are not; they are\n'-u' verbs that conjugate as you would expect.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-21T21:03:45.553",
"id": "61021",
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"body": "The name \" _ru_ verb\" is misleading.\n\nThis does **not** mean that every verb ending in _-ru_ conjugates the same\nway.\n\nCertain verbs end in _-ru_ , and that final _-ru_ disappears in entirety when\nconjugating. These are called **一段活用** ( _ichidan katsuyō_ , literally\n\"monograde conjugation\" or \"one-step conjugation\") verbs in Japanese grammars,\nbecause there is only one vowel on the end of the verb stem (either _-i_ or\n_-e_ ). These are often labeled as \" **type 2** \" verbs in English texts about\nJapanese grammar.\n\nOne everyday example is 食べる ( _taberu_ , \"to eat\"), where that final _-ru_\njust disappears entirely in conjugated forms:\n\n * _tabe **ru**_ \"[I / he / she / they] eat\", plain informal\n * _tabenai_ \"[I / he / she / they] don't / doesn't eat\", plain negative\n * _tabemasu_ \"[I / he / she / they] eat\", polite\n * _tabesaseru_ \"[I / he / she / they] make someone eat\", plain causative\n\n... etc. As you can see here, the _-ru_ vanishes entirely in the conjugated\nforms.\n\nOther verbs end in _-ru_ or _-ku_ or _-su_ , etc., and that final piece\ndoesn't quite vanish entirely -- the consonant remains, but the vowel changes.\nThese are called **五段活用** ( _godan katsuyō_ , literally \"quintigrade\nconjugation\" or \"five-step conjugation\") verbs in Japanese grammars, because\nthere are five different possible vowels on the end of the verb stem ( _-a_ ,\n_-i_ , _-u_ , _-e_ , _-o_ ). These are often labeled as \" **type 1** \" verbs\nin English texts about Japanese grammar.\n\nOne everyday example with _-ru_ is 入る ( _hairu_ , \"to enter, to go into\"),\nwhere that final _-ru_ doesn't disappear entirely, and only the vowel changes:\n\n * _hai **ru**_ \"[I / he / she / they] enter\", plain informal\n * _hai **r** anai_ \"[I / he / she / they] don't / doesn't enter\", plain negative\n * _hai **r** imasu_ \"[I / he / she / they] enter\", polite\n * _hai **r** aseru_ \"[I / he / she / they] make someone enter\", plain causative\n\nAs you can see here, the _-r-_ sticks around, and the vowel changes.\n\nThings ultimately get a bit more complicated than this (such as the\nconjunctive forms and plain past forms, where you often get geminate [i.e.\ndoubled] consonants instead of the final consonant, as in _haitta_ ), but\nthat's the basic framework. There's good information on Wikipedia, at\n<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_verb_conjugation>.",
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{
"body": "### tl;dr\n\n入る _hairu_ is a consonant-stem verb, i.e. _hair·u_.\n\n### Long version\n\nBesides a handful of exceptions, there are two type of verbs\n\n * vowel-stem verbs ( _-e·ru_ , _-i·ru_ )\n * consonant-stem verbs ( _-k·u_ , _-g·u_ , _-s·u_ , _-t·u_ , _-n·u_ , _-(w)·u_ , _-m·u_ , _-r·u_ )\n\nwhere I have used an interpunct · to separate the stem from the ending (and\nthe hyphen - means there is more coming before it).\n\nThese types follow **different inflection patterns**.\n\nOf course there are no pure consonants in _kana_ , so written in _kana_ you\ncannot show where the border between stem and ending is — for example a verb\nending in ～く may inflect to ～か (as in 聞 **く** → 聞 **か** ない), but written as\nabove, the stem ending in _-k_ does not change ( _kik·u_ → _kik·anai_ ). (This\nis why it is called the stem. And the stem of vowel-stem/consonant-stem verbs\nend in a vowel/consonant, respectively.)\n\nNow, seeing a verb written in _kana_ , there is no way of telling whether a\nverb ending in _-eru_ / _-iru_ is a vowel-stem verb or a consonant stem verb,\ni.e. whether it is _-e·ru_ / _-i·ru_ or _-er·u_ / _-ir·u_.\n\nThe following vowel-stem–consonant-stem verb pairs show that this difference\nsimply has to be learned:\n\n * 着る _ki·ru_ ↔ 切る _kir·u_\n * 変える _kae·ru_ ↔ 帰る _kaer·u_\n\nIn particular, their past tenses are different\n\n * 着た _kita_ ↔ 切った _kitta_\n * 変えた _kaeta_ ↔ 帰った _kaetta_\n\nNow, 入る is _hair·u_ (i.e. a consonant-stem verb), so its past tense follows\nthe same pattern as 切る, giving 入った.\n\nHowever, the way the verb is written in _kanji_ gives some way of guessing\nwhether it is vowel-stem or consonant-stem. As a rule of thumb (for verbs of\nthree or more morae), if the _-i_ or _-e_ is part of the _kanji_ , then a verb\nis more likely to be consonant-stem.\n\nIn particular, since はいる is a three mora verb, written 入る rather than *入いる, it\nis more likely to be consonant-stem. The rule also correctly identifies 食べる as\na vowel-stem verb (→ 食べた) and 喋る【しゃべる】 as a consonant-stem verb (→ 喋 **っ** た).",
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61020
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61023
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"body": "> 銀行に変化を促しているのがタイの中央銀行です。 日本で言えば、日銀が腰を上げて、変革の旗振り役をしている **といったところです**\n> 。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/business_tokushu/2018_0820.html?utm_int=tokushu-\n> new_contents_list-items_001))\n\nCould we replace といったところです by というところです here? If yes, what would be the\ndifference? If not, why?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-21T22:07:33.987",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between といったところです and というところです?",
"view_count": 599
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[
{
"body": "According to the dictionary といった is used to present examples. \nといった【と言った】例示する意を表す。…のような。…などの。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154790/meaning/m0u/といった/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154790/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F/) \nExample: \nテニスや卓球と言ったスポーツ。 \nSports like tennis or ping-pong.\n\nという is used to present an explanation. \nという【と言う】人が…と呼ぶ。…と呼ばれる。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/と言う/#je-52678](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E3%81%A8%E8%A8%80%E3%81%86/#je-52678) \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154743/meaning/m1u/という/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154743/meaning/m1u/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86/) \nExamples: \nジョンという男の子 \na boy named John \n銀座という繁華街 \na shopping area called “the Ginza”\n\nところ can also mean an abstract place, a position, a situation, a status. \n事柄。内容。こと。 \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/158611/meaning/m0u/ところ/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/158611/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%A8%E3%81%93%E3%82%8D/)\n\nSo the translation becomes: \n変革の旗振り役をしているといったところです。 \nA situation similar to a person waving a revolutionary flag.\n\nBut if you use という: \n変革の旗振り役をしているというところです。 \nA place called \"a person waving a revolutionary flag\" \nwhich makes no sense.",
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"body": "Both could be used but というところです sounds more direct than といったところです.This is like\nthe difference between indicative and subjunctive. In English you can say \"He\nspeaks like a hero.\" and \"He speaks as if he were a hero.\" The former is\ndirect and the latter is not so direct since the tense is subjunctive.",
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"body": "どうしてこの下の文章で「と」を使われましたか。\n\n> 一、二年 **と** うけもたれた先生。\n\nこの「と」の使い方と意味を説明していただけませんか。",
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"tags": [
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"title": "動詞の前の「と」の使い方と意味",
"view_count": 192
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[
{
"body": "考え方は２つあります。（本当は１つしかない）\n\nひとつは、[この辞書のページ](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/154670/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%A8/)の、２\n（文や句をそのまま受けて）動作・作用・状態の内容を表す。引用の「と」という説明にあるとおり、引用の助詞とする解釈。\n\nまたは、「５\n（副詞に付いて新たな副詞をつくり）ある状態を説明する意を表す」ものとみなすこともできます。一、二年などの数詞は副詞なので。ただ、この場合のように「と」のあるなしで全く意味が変わってしまうものまで含めるのは反則的な解釈な気がしますが。\n\n引用の「と」は、「発話や思考を表す動詞と共に用いられその内容を表す」と説明されることが多いですが、実際はあらゆる動詞と一緒に使われてその内容を表します。\n\nいずれにせよ例題では、クラスを受け持ったとして、ではどんな様態で受け持ったのか、その内容を「一、二年」と表しています。普通に解釈すれば、一年と二年を引き続いて、ということになります。\n\n以下のように比喩に使われることもあります。\n\n * 山と積もった（まるで山のように積もった）\n * 煙が雲とたなびく（まるで雲のように棚引く）※「雲と一緒に」ではない\n\nもはや引用ではないじゃないかと思えますが、学者が仕事するのを待つのみです。",
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"body": "I've met a word 駄女 だおんな though not sure if wrote it well in kanji. Can I use\nthis 駄 with other words? For example, like 駄先輩 or 駄宏 (with the name of a man)?\nAre there words that suit this scheme most and those, that can not be used for\nany conditions? Could you please provide some examples?",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-22T16:18:26.507",
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"owner_user_id": "9976",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"kanji",
"prefixes"
],
"title": "Adding 駄 on the beginning of the word",
"view_count": 116
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[
{
"body": "Having lived in Japan all my life, I have never seen or heard the word 「駄女」,\nso I could at least assure you that it would **_not_** be a common word at all\neven if you have actually seen/heard it used. (I highly doubt that you have\nencountered the word in **real life**.)\n\n> Can I use this 駄 with other words? For example, like 駄先輩 or 駄宏 (with the\n> name of a man)?\n\nAgain, never seen/heard 駄先輩 or \"駄 + personal name\" -- never.\n\n「駄{だ}」 simply is not used as a prefix to random words. It is basically only\nused in a fixed group of words to mean **_\"cheap\", \"low-value\", \"low-\nquality\"_** , etc.\n\nMost common among those words would include:\n\n駄菓子{だがし} (cheap confectionary)\n\n駄賃{だちん} (small amount of money given to kids for running errands) This word is\nbecoming more uncommon by the decades.\n\n駄じゃれ (boring pun)\n\n駄馬{だば} (workhorse, horse of inferior breed)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-08-23T01:46:28.680",
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},
{
"body": "駄 in established words such as 駄馬, 駄文 and 駄菓子 clearly means \"bad\" or \"cheap\",\nbut it's basically not a productive prefix, and you should not attach it to an\narbitrary word. In particular, you can never attach it to a proper noun like 宏\n(although something like ダメ宏 is occasionally heard).\n\nThat said, 駄 is occasionally used by native speakers as a slangy/nonstandard\nprefix; for example I have seen 駄ゲー (\"trashy game\") more than a few times. If\nyou absolutely sure you heard だおんな, it should mean \"bad woman\", as you\nsuspected. (Still, I feel there is a high chance you misheard something...) I\nwon't be surprised if a native speaker used 駄先輩 in a blog article, but it\nshould be fairly rare.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T01:49:09.827",
"id": "61042",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T01:49:09.827",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61027",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61027
| null |
61041
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Using [this Wikipedia article\nhere](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagoshima_dialect#Sonorant_gliding), I\nlearnt that words in Standard Japanese may encounter something called\n**sonorant gliding** while converting to Kagoshima dialect. For what is\nwritten here, these are the rules that I gathered:\n\n * This occurs when there is a kana starting with the 'r' consonant not at the start of the word. \n\n * If the kana came before a kana ending in the vowels /a/ or /o/, the former kana changes the /r/ to a /y/ sound, or if no such kana exists, the whole thing becomes い. \n\n * If the kana came before a kana ending in the vowels /i/, /u/ or /e/, the former kana changes the /r/ to a /y/ sound, the former kana becomes い.\n\nCan someone please advise me on any mistakes I have made here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T17:33:44.747",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61029",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T06:30:39.760",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T06:30:39.760",
"last_editor_user_id": "31041",
"owner_user_id": "31041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"dialects",
"phonology"
],
"title": "Words in the Kagoshima dialect",
"view_count": 225
}
|
[] |
61029
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61043",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I’m translating _The Little Prince_ for fun and I have a question about the\nfirst part of this sentence.\n\nその本の名前は『ほんとう にあった話』というタイトルで、原始のジャングルについて書かれていた本だった\n\nWhy do we have so many naming words in this? We have 名前 and タイトル AND タイトル has\nいう before it and I am confused.\n\nWouldn’t その本の名前は『ほんとう にあった話』 be enough?\n\nI’ve just started learning Japanese so I know very little about its grammar\nand structure. I've tried to find other sentences with 本の名前 and いうタイトル but I\ncan't find anything. It's either 本の名前 or 本のタイトル.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T18:35:51.317",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61030",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T05:03:42.230",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T04:23:02.433",
"last_editor_user_id": "30554",
"owner_user_id": "31035",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"usage"
],
"title": "Why does this sentence have so many words to describe its title?",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "* Using both 名前 and タイトル is indeed redundant. Strictly speaking, it should be either one of:\n\n> * その本は『ほんとうにあった話』というタイトルだった。\n> * その本の名前は『ほんとうにあった話』だった。\n\nBut I hesitate to call it a severe mistake. [Tautological\nexpressions](http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-tautology.html)\nhappen all the time both in English and Japanese. Also note that は is not a\nsubject marker but a topic marker. At first, は may seem \"loose\" or \"illogical\"\nthan English _be_. See\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/48987/5010).\n\n * This という is grammatically mandatory to connect the actual title and the word タイトル. \"A picture titled _Sunflower_ \" is ヒマワリというタイトルの絵 in Japanese. See [this](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-jlpt-n3-grammar-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86-to-iu/) and [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/52003/5010).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T02:19:22.647",
"id": "61043",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T05:03:42.230",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T05:03:42.230",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61030",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61030
|
61043
|
61043
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61038",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From a glance I'm guessing て + いる (~ていよう) is the volitional casual and ~ましょう\nis the polite form of it?\n\nAre these the same meaning? \"Let's eat\" or am I making a wrong assumption?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T19:00:36.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61031",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T01:02:10.863",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3568",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"tense"
],
"title": "What's the difference between 食べていよう and 食べましょう?",
"view_count": 332
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「食{た}べましょう。」\n>\n> 「食べていよう。」\n\nThere is such a huge difference in meaning between those two expressions that\nthey would rarely, if ever, be interchangeable.\n\n「食べましょう。」 is the default \" _ **Let's eat!**_ \" or \" _ **Lets's dig in!**_ \".\nYou just start eating after having said it.\n\n「食べていよう。」 means \" _ **Let's continue/keep eating!**_ \" and it can only be said\nin certain (special) situations.\n\nAn example situation:\n\nSomething happens just when a group of people are starting to eat, one of them\nmust leave the table to check something someplace. It could be a phone call or\na knock on the door; It could be anything that could possibly interrupt the\nmeal for a while. The rest of you have a choice between continuing to eat and\nstopping eating to wait for that one person to return. If you decide to\ncontinue eating, you can say 「食べていよう」.\n\nThus, 「食べましょう。」 would be used far more often than 「食べていよう。」. No comparison\nhere, really.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T01:02:10.863",
"id": "61038",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T01:02:10.863",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61031",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61031
|
61038
|
61038
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61040",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> ご来店頂きました様でありがとうございます。宿泊もしています。SAMURAI Inn \n> で。今後とも宜しくお願い申しあげます。18日なら舞妓、小花さんの撮影会していましたよ。\n\nI think I know all the vocab but still I don't quite understand what it means.\nEspecially the particle で in the first sentence.\n\nDoes the sentence means something like:\n\n> It seems like you have came to our store, thank you very much. We also do\n> holiday accommodation. SAMURAI Inn. So, I am looking forward to have you in\n> the future. On the 18th, we were having a photo shooting event with maiko,\n> Kohana.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T19:24:45.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61032",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T06:11:49.877",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-22T19:42:46.247",
"last_editor_user_id": "11370",
"owner_user_id": "11370",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Please help me understand the following sentences",
"view_count": 119
}
|
[
{
"body": "> ご来店頂きました様でありがとうございます\n\nThis で is [the te-form of\nだ](https://www.japaneseprofessor.com/reference/grammar/conjugations-of-the-\njapanese-copula/), which is part of the ようだ construction. The first part just\nworks as the reason for why this person wants to say ありがとうございます (cf. [te-form\nfor reason](https://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/te-form-cause-\nreason.html)). If this person had seen you at the store, they would have said\nsimply ご来店頂きましてありがとうございます (\"Thank you for visiting\") without ようだ. In this\ncase, they did not actually see you but heard from someone that you came, so\nthey inserted ようで.\n\nSimilar example:\n\n> * ご迷惑をおかけして申し訳ありません。 \n> I am sorry for troubling you.\n> * ご迷惑をおかけしたようで申し訳ありません。 \n> It seems that (someone) has troubled you, and I am sorry for that.\n>\n\nYour understand of the rest of the text is fine.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T01:31:26.317",
"id": "61040",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T06:11:49.877",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T06:11:49.877",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61032",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61032
|
61040
|
61040
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "需要 {じゅよう｝ means demand, like the economic demand.\n\nBut how do you say the demand is high, with 高い or 多い ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T19:52:45.903",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61033",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T15:49:24.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29817",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is it 需要は多い or 需要は高い",
"view_count": 645
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both 多い and 高い are widely used, and you can use them interchangeably. Here are\nhit results from [BCCWJ](http://pj.ninjal.ac.jp/corpus_center/bccwj/en/):\n\n * 需要が多い / 需要の多い / 需要は多い: 35 results\n * 需要が高い / 需要の高い / 需要は高い: 28 results",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T00:36:49.303",
"id": "61036",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T00:36:49.303",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61033",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It's kind of like in English: when people talk about demand, there isn't any\nsingle set phrase.\n\nWhat expression to use depends on the sense you want to impart. Is demand\n\"strong\"? Is there \"a lot\" of demand? Is demand \"high\"? Is demand \"vigorous\"?\nIs demand \"active\"? Is demand \"healthy\"?\n\nInformally poking around the web, I found the following collocations, among\nmany other possibilities. Listed in order of most to least:\n\n * [\"需要が多い\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E5%A4%9A%E3%81%84%22) - 13.4M\n * [\"需要が高い\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E9%AB%98%E3%81%84%22) - 11.7M\n * [\"需要が高まって\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E9%AB%98%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%22) - 2.2M\n * [\"需要が盛ん\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E7%9B%9B%E3%82%93%22) - 394K\n * [\"需要が旺盛\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E6%97%BA%E7%9B%9B%22) - 108K\n * [\"需要が盛り上がって\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E7%9B%9B%E3%82%8A%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%8C%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%22) - 85.6K\n * [\"需要が豊富](https://www.google.com/search?ei=mNJ-W_QBsvX0A4WQjaAI&q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E8%B1%8A%E5%AF%8C%22&oq=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E8%B1%8A%E5%AF%8C%22&gs_l=psy-ab.3...31451.47472.0.48927.8.8.0.0.0.0.90.425.8.8.0....0...1.1j4.64.psy-ab..0.5.284...0i7i30k1j0i4i37k1j0i7i4i30k1.0.7fJzHJiLE6g) - 3,950\n * [\"需要が強い\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E5%BC%B7%E3%81%84%22) - 3,190\n * [\"需要が活発\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E6%B4%BB%E7%99%BA%22) - 1,260\n * [\"需要が活況\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E6%B4%BB%E6%B3%81%22) - 282\n * [\"需要が健全\"](https://www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E3%81%8C%E5%81%A5%E5%85%A8%22) - 8\n\nNote that including different grammatical inflections (such as 盛り上がった, 高く,\nthat kind of thing) might change this result distribution somewhat.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T15:49:24.843",
"id": "61056",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T15:49:24.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61033",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61033
| null |
61036
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "One of the villains of ジョジョの奇妙な冒険, Dio, frequently refers to himself as「このディオ」\n([to the point it became a meme](https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/it-was-me-\ndio)).\n\nWhat's the meaning of this grammar: この+own personal name? Is it just emphasis?\nOr are there other nuances?\n\n(might be related to [What is the nuance of この + [first person\npronoun]?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/1272/what-is-the-\nnuance-of-%e3%81%93%e3%81%ae-first-person-pronoun))",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T21:52:28.967",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61034",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T00:50:51.183",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22169",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"manga",
"anime"
],
"title": "The meaning of この+own personal name",
"view_count": 187
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes that's basically the same as この in この俺. この by itself just means \"this\".\nThis type of この is an emphasis, and in this context it has a nuance of \"nobody\nelse but me/Dio\", \"of all others, me/Dio\", etc. この俺 usually sounds more or\nless prideful, but この私 can be a humble and polite expression depending on the\ncontext.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T00:50:51.183",
"id": "61037",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T00:50:51.183",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61034",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61034
| null |
61037
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61039",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> MC:「部活か？ 夏休み中なのにお前の調理部午前中から張り切りすぎだろ」\n>\n> 妹:「部活は部活だけど、最近はウチ料理しないで手芸部と化してるから。今みんなで羊毛フェルトにハマってるの」\n\nContext: breakfast table, mc, and his sister and parents\n\nI'm having a hard time relating not cooking at home with a change to an arts\nand crafts club, let alone why everyone is a fit for wool felt.\n\nAfter this his sister just says goodbye and leaves.\n\nWhat is she trying to say?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-22T22:39:49.467",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61035",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T03:52:58.563",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"topic"
],
"title": "Sudden shift in this conversation",
"view_count": 89
}
|
[
{
"body": "* She confirmed she was going to do \"club activities of 調理部\" in this morning.\n * But the club members no longer do cooking these days, and they are now virtually 手芸部. ( **EDIT** : This うち is an informal way of saying \"our club (or office/team/class/etc)\")\n * _Therefore, what she is actually going to do in the morning is not 調理 but 手芸._\n\nThe part after から has been omitted, but the omitted final part is the main\nimplication of her first sentence. (But how did you come up with \"not cooking\n_at home_ \"? Is the club activity going to take place in their home, or did\nshe refuse to prepare breakfast this day?)\n\nThis ～にハマる means \"to be caught up in ～\" or \"to devote oneself in ～\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T01:11:23.200",
"id": "61039",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T03:52:58.563",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T03:52:58.563",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61035",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61035
|
61039
|
61039
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61045",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The students I have keep a diary. The two sentences below are written on those\ndiaries.\n\n> 小さな積み重ねが、大きな差となる\n>\n> Small stacking makes big difference.\n\nThat English sounds awkward to me. It is absolutely google translated and\ncopy/pasted. But since my Japanese and knowledge of their proverbs(if that\nsentence is one) is limited, I was wondering if the below proverbs would mean\nwhat they meant with the Japanese sentence.\n\n> Many a little makes a mickle.\n>\n> A journey of a thousand miles begins with one single step.\n\nApart from these two, are there any other proverbs that can convey the meaning\nof that Japanese sentence? Or if I am wrong, what could be the correct\nproverb? I don't need a direct translation like;\n\nMany small amounts accumulate to make a large amount.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T04:28:28.173",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61044",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T04:46:01.637",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "11668",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"proverbs"
],
"title": "About a proverb students have on their diaries",
"view_count": 83
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「小{ちい}さな積{つ}み重{かさ}ねが、大{おお}きな差{さ}となる」\n\nis definitely _**not**_ a proverb.\n\nIt is only a \"regular\" sentence, which seems to be a rephrasing of the \" _\n**real**_ \" proverb:\n\n> 「塵{ちり}も積{つ}もれば山となる」\n\nwhich indeed means:\n\n\"Many a little makes a mickle.\" or \"A journey of a thousand miles begins with\none single step.\"\n\nOther Japanese proverbs with similar meanings would include:\n\n> 「ローマは一日{いちにち}にして成{な}らず」 (\"Rome was not built in a day.\")\n>\n> 「千里{せんり}の道{みち}も一歩{いっぽ}から」 (\"A journey of a thousand miles begins with one\n> single step.\" )\n\nI just used the term \"Japanese proverbs\" myself, but many of the proverbs used\nin Japanese actually come from ancient China, Rome, Greece, etc.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T04:46:01.637",
"id": "61045",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T04:46:01.637",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61044",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61044
|
61045
|
61045
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61081",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In [this Wikipedia\narticle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagoshima_dialect#Adjectives), in the\ntable of i-adjectives, I noticed that some of these adjectives were completely\ndifferent in the Kagoshima dialect compared to Standard Japanese in a way that\n[these phonological\nprocesses](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagoshima_dialect#Phonological_processes),\nwhich affects all words used in the Kagoshima dialect, doesn't explain.\n\nFor example, 熱【あつ】い (hot) in Standard Japanese becomes ぬっか in the Kagoshima\ndialect, and 恥【は】ずかしい (embarassed) in Standard Japanese becomes げんなか.\n\nI understand that certain parts of Kyushu use -か instead of -い for the plain\nand plain negative forms, but what I don't understand is the change in the\nstem.\n\nCan someone please tell me if there are specific 'irregular' i-adjectives\nwhich undergo this or if this is typical of i-adjectives in the Kagoshima\ndialect?\n\nAnd if these are typical of Kagoshima adjectives, is there any way of predict\nthese changes?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T10:13:28.950",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61046",
"last_activity_date": "2020-01-06T07:12:31.653",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T04:26:43.083",
"last_editor_user_id": "31041",
"owner_user_id": "31041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"adjectives",
"dialects",
"i-adjectives",
"irregularities-exceptions"
],
"title": "I-Adjectives in the Kagoshima dialect",
"view_count": 470
}
|
[
{
"body": "I don't know Kagoshima-ben at all, but I would be very surprised if ぬっか and\nげんなか had any relationship to the standard Japanese adjectives rather than just\nbeing different words, like うまい and おいしい.\n\nIt seems obvious that \"waika\" derives from \"warui,\" but it's hard to imagine a\nprocess that would transform \"atsui -> nukii\" or \"kawaii -> muji\". It's not a\nstem change; it's a different word that fills the same niche. This happens all\nthe time in dialects in a way that isn't predictable. In other words, there is\noften no good way to predict whether the box for a corresponding word in any\ndialect or related language is going to be filled by a word with a standard\nphonological change or a completely different word that may or may not have\nany hereditary relationship to the word in the source language.\n\nI'm hoping someone with familiarity with Kagoshima-ben can weigh in, however,\nbecause this is really just a high-level linguistic observation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T13:31:11.780",
"id": "61081",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I'm the one who wrote the majority of that article (some ~10 years ago!), so I\napologize if that section was a bit confusing when comparing the Kagoshima\nforms to their standard Japanese counterparts.\n\nAs @mamster pointed out, for some of the entries in that table, the root word\nused in Kagoshima is completely different from that used in standard Japanese.\nOne example, as you noted, was the word \"hot\". In Kagoshima, the word commonly\nused for this is ぬっか _nukka_ \"hot\" (here, the root is _nuku-_ ), while in\nstandard Japanese, it's 暑い【あつい】 _atsui_. Standard Japanese does have the word\n温い【ぬくい】 _nukui_ , which is from the same root as the Kagoshima example, but it\nmeans \"lukewarm\" instead.\n\nSo it's not just that the Kagoshima dialect is distinctive for its sound\nchanges, but it also uses different words at times.\n\nThis is no different from, say, American English using the word \"chips\" while\nBritish English uses \"crisps\"; both have the same meaning, but both are from\ndifferent words. British English does use the word \"chips\", but it represents\nwhat Americans call French fries.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-01-05T04:05:06.640",
"id": "73739",
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"parent_id": "61046",
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"score": 4
}
] |
61046
|
61081
|
73739
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can you say Dekiba as in Dekiru (to do) + ば (the suffix for 'be able to do'),\nso that dekiba becomes 'if you are able to'?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T14:44:09.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61051",
"last_activity_date": "2019-05-10T17:43:12.350",
"last_edit_date": "2019-05-10T17:43:12.350",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "30986",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"conjugations",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Can you say Dekiba",
"view_count": 188
}
|
[
{
"body": "### The short answer\n\n**No** , you can't say _dekiba_. Or rather, you could indeed say that, but\nit's not correct and folks might not catch your intended meaning. :)\n\n### The long answer\n\n_Dekiru_ is a so-called \"type-2\" or \"vowel-stem\" verb, where the stem of the\nvowel (the part that doesn't change when conjugating the different forms) ends\nin a vowel: _**deki** ru_ → _**deki** nai_, _**deki** te_, _**deki** masu_,\netc. This is basically the same kind of verb as _taberu_ \"to eat\" → _**tabe**\nru_, _**tabe** nai_, _**tabe** te_, _**tabe** masu_, etc.\n\nOther verbs are called \"type-1\" or \"consonant-stem\" verbs, where the stem ends\nin a consonant. A common one you might already know is _kiku_ \"to hear, to\nlisten\": _**kik** u_ → _**kik** anai_, _**ki** ite_ (contracted from older\n_**kik** ite_), _**kik** imasu_, etc.\n\nThe _-ba_ conditional ending requires a special _-e-_ ending on the verb stem,\nin addition to any _-e_ that's already there. For consonant-stem verbs like\n_kiku_ , you just take the stem _kik-_ , add _-e_ and then the _-ba_ :\n_**kik** eba_. For vowel-stem verbs like _dekiru_ or _taberu_ , you need to\nadd _-re_ as a special kind of stub mora (a mora is kind of like a syllable,\nbut it's about the rhythm and time it takes to say a word -- this is very\nimportant in Japanese, with its long vowels and geminate (doubled) consonants\n-- see <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mora_(linguistics)>). So for _taberu_ ,\nyou'd take the stem _tabe-_ , add that _-re_ , and then add the _-ba_ : _tabe\n**reba**_. Same for _dekiru_ , as _deki-_ + _-re_ + _-ba_ : _deki **reba**_.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T15:22:46.753",
"id": "61053",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T15:22:46.753",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "61051",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61051
| null |
61053
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61055",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I don't get how お金がなくて works in this phrase, can someone help me to break it\ndown... thank you!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T14:46:53.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61052",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T15:38:58.607",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31047",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Break down this sentence: お金がなくて最近はほとんど食べていないのです。",
"view_count": 56
}
|
[
{
"body": "なくて is the て form of ない, which is the negative of ある (to exist, to have). So:\n\n> お金がない\n\nMeans \"I don't have any money.\"\n\nThe て form in this case is used to link the verb to the rest of the sentence,\nthe way we use \"and\" or \"so\" in English.\n\n> お金がなくて\n\n\"I don't have any money, and (so)...\"\n\nThe て form doesn't always imply a causal relationship with the remainder of\nthe sentence, but in this case it does. \"I don't have any money, so I've\nbarely been eating lately.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T15:38:58.607",
"id": "61055",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "25413",
"parent_id": "61052",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61052
|
61055
|
61055
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "If speaking to a family member (who you haven't seen for a long time, say over\nthe phone and you don't know who you're talking to), will dochirasama desu ka\nsound too polite, or is it okay to just say dare desu ka?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T15:31:48.540",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61054",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-14T09:09:01.177",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30986",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "politeness level of dochirasama desu ka",
"view_count": 1602
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Dochirasama desu ka (どちら様ですか)\n\nIs too formal for a family setting. It would be used in extreme formal\nsetting, such as buisness or talking to strangers.\n\n> Dare desu ka (誰ですか)\n\nWorks completely fine, but it you would like to be just a tad more formal\nDonata desu ka would be best.\n\nI hope this helps! Please notify me if anything is unclear.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-06T04:38:38.517",
"id": "61358",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-06T04:38:38.517",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30135",
"parent_id": "61054",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I don't think a couple of decades are sufficient for family members to switch\nto more polite forms of speech. If you used to talk them in casual manner (as\nI do with my parents and brothers), you'll be using the similar tone. If you\npreferred more formal speech (as I do when talking to my grandparents &\nuncles), you'd continue being polite.\n\nAnyway, the situation in the question is puzzling. You know it's a family\nmember but you don't know who exactly on the phone?\n\n * If you have no clue who is on the phone, \"どちら様ですか\" would just be fine. \"どなたですか\" is less formal but is appropriate. Example: you're getting a call from unfamiliar number, and the caller doesn't tell you who they are.\n * 誰ですか would probably sound too direct and inappropriate. If your relationship with the caller allows the use of this phrase, you might just as well ask \"誰？\".\n * If I were in the situation (I know it's someone I know but I don't know who), I would avoid direct questions. Because --- I don't know if it's language/culture-specific or universal --- asking \"Who?\" sounds like I'm being slightly alerted and cautious, and possibly offend the caller (\"This guy seems to think I'm suspicious\"). \n * I'd rather mumble （「もしもし，えーっと…？」）and hope that they'll soon realise that I am yet to identify the caller, or more explicitly tell them so: \"すみません，声だけでどなたか…(わからないのですが…)\" (Sorry, with your voice only, I cannot [identify] who ..)\n\nNot related to the situation in the question, but I'd more frequently use\n\"お名前を伺ってもよいですか?\" (Can I have your name?) rather than \"どちら様ですか?\" (Who am I\ntalking to? / Who are you?) when I know what kind of phone call I'm receiving.\nAlthough not always so, \"どちら様ですか\" sounds like you aren't expecting the call at\nall and want to make sure they aren't calling the wrong number.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2023-01-15T09:08:30.860",
"id": "98156",
"last_activity_date": "2023-01-15T09:08:30.860",
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}
] |
61054
| null |
98156
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61074",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「テレワーク」は、離れたを示す「ｔｅｌｅ」と働くの「ｗｏｒｋ」を組み合わせた造語で「遠いところで働く」という意味です。\n>\n>\n> インターネットやパソコンなどＩＴを使って、会社以外の場所で働くことで、自宅で働く「在宅勤務」や勤務先以外のオフィススペースで働く「サテライトオフィス勤務」などが\n> **その代表例**\n> です。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/business_tokushu/2018_0821.html?utm_int=news_contents_tokushu_003))\n\nI don't understand the logic behind it? It seems more logical to use\nそれ(replacing テレワーク)の代表例 because the sentence before is about テレワーク and not\nabout (representative) examples.\n\nXやYなどがその代表例です means literally \"X and Y are _those_ representative examples\"\nbut the sentence before is not about examples at all so I don't understand why\nwe would use ' _those_ '?\n\nI understand that it means that those are prime examples of 「テレワーク」(deducted\nwith the context and the example sentences that I found where その代表例 is used)\nbut I don't understand the structure and the logic.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T17:55:07.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61057",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T08:28:11.373",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T06:51:27.760",
"last_editor_user_id": "25980",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "I don't understand this usage of その?",
"view_count": 219
}
|
[
{
"body": "その doesn't mean \"those\" but \"its\" and in this case it indicates that of テレワーク.\nIn short, it's equivalent to それの while それの is less natural than その.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T08:28:11.373",
"id": "61074",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T08:28:11.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "4092",
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"score": 1
}
] |
61057
|
61074
|
61074
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61064",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have come across three main ways to indicate the idea of \"where\" in\nJapanese:\n\nどこ\n\nどこに\n\nどちら\n\nCan anyone shed light on when one is used or preferred over another? Or with\nwhat combination of word types? Also any additional information about\nalternatives to those that I have listed is greatly appreciated.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T18:39:13.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61058",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T07:37:44.183",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30889",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"usage",
"nuances",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Where? Variations and usages",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[
{
"body": "どちら can be the politer version of どこ. \nThe に in どこに is a locative/directional particle, as pointed out by @Eiríkr in\nthe comment. (So どちらに, どちらへ can be the politer ways of saying どこに, どこへ, \"in/to\nwhere, in/to which place\", eg 「 **どこに** 行くの？」(casual) 「 **どちらへ**\nお出かけですか。」(polite)).\n\n> Can anyone shed light on when one is used or preferred over another? Or with\n> what combination of word types?\n\nどこ is used more in casual conversation, and どちら, in politer conversation. So\nどこ is used more with casual type of words and どちら, with politer type of words,\neg: \n「 **どこ** に持っていけばいい？」(casual) 「 **どちら** にお持ちしましょう？」(polite) \n「出身は **どこ** ？」(casual) 「ご出身は **どちら** ですか。」(polite)\n\n> Also any additional information about alternatives to those that I have\n> listed is greatly appreciated.\n\nWe also have いずこ to mean \"where\", but it sounds old-fashioned and stiff.\n\n* * *\n\nAs a side note...\n\nどこ basically means \"where\" \"which place\" \"which part\"... \n(It can also mean \"which team/organization\" \"what degree/extent\" etc., eg 「\n**どこ** が優勝したんですか。」「 **どこ** まで厚かましいんだ。」)\n\n... whereas どちら can be the politer version of:\n\n> * どこ -- where, which place \n> eg「 **どこ** に住んでるの？」(casual)「お住まいは **どちら** ですか。」(polite)\n> * どっち -- which one (of two) / which direction \n> eg「肉か魚、 **どっち** がいい？」(casual)「お肉かお魚、 **どちら** がよろしいですか。」(polite) \n> 「恵方巻、 **どっち** 向いて食べたらいい？」(casual)「恵方巻は **どちら** を向いて食べればいいですか。」(polite)\n> * どれ -- which one (of three or more) \n> eg「前菜は三種、ABCとあるけど **どれ** にする？」(casual)「前菜は三種、ABCとございますが、 **どちら**\n> になさいますか。」(polite)\n> * だれ -- who \n> eg「 **だれ** ？」(casual)「 **どちら** 様ですか。」(polite)\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T04:05:07.390",
"id": "61064",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T07:37:44.183",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T07:37:44.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61058
|
61064
|
61064
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61094",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have seen the use of 天の, 天体, 天界 or 天空 but what would be the most appropriate\nword to use when we wish to use \"Celestial\" in a way that conveys \"outer\nspace\" or \"astronomical\" properties as opposed to \"heavenly\" or \"angelic\"?\nMore specifically, which terms are more \"physically\" related and which ones\nare more \"heavenly\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T20:25:11.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61059",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:04:16.460",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31052",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How do you say \"Celestial Shogunate\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 255
}
|
[
{
"body": "天界 is the most \"heavenly\" word; it's almost always associated with some kind\nof divine entity, and it's mainly used in fantasy works. 天 is a more\ntraditional word that is usually closer to \"heaven\", but it can be used as a\nsynonym of 天空 described below.\n\n天空 is not strongly associated with heaven. But it typically refers to\nsomewhere high in the sky where people still can breathe and feel the gravity.\nTypically 天空の[建物] refers to something like [_Laputa_](http://studio-\nghibli.wikia.com/wiki/Laputa) and [_Korin\nTower_](http://dragonball.wikia.com/wiki/Korin_Tower). If this shogunate\nexists in pure outer space (like _Death Star_ ), 天空 works but may not be the\nfirst choice. You may want to consider other words like 宇宙の, 銀河の, 星間の, etc.\n\n天体 is a scientific term that means \"celestial body\", which includes stars,\nplanets and comets. It's a well-defined term but it usually does not include\nhuman-made structures like ISS.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T07:07:49.340",
"id": "61094",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:04:16.460",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T02:04:16.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 2
}
] |
61059
|
61094
|
61094
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61061",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a game manual, there is a description of a rare item that sometimes appears\ninstead of a regular one. The rule determining when this rare item appears is\nthis:\n\n> 16回に１度、Ｘのかわりに出現。\n\nIn an [earlier\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/60365/%E3%81%8C-meaning-\nor/60415) concerning the same sentence I got quite a lot of answers with\ntranslation. Every answer translates the condition as\n\n> Once every 16 times\n\nHowever I am still not sure whether this means:\n\n * There is a probability of 1/16 that a rare item appears.\n * The rare item appears every 16th time.\n\nWhich one is correct? And, how to express the second one in Japanese?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T20:36:20.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61060",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T22:30:44.880",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T22:07:28.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "10104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage",
"counters",
"numbers"
],
"title": "＃回に＃度: probability or sequence?",
"view_count": 85
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 16回に1度\n\nmeans literally \"once per 16 times\", but I would understand it as \" _on\naverage_ once every sixteen times\" (which means a probability of 1/16, i.e. a\nratio of 1:15).\n\n\"Every 16th time\" could be translated\n\n> 16回ごとに\n\nHere ごと is 毎【ごと】, e.g.\n\n> ご利用10回毎に2,000Pプレゼント! \n> Receive 2,000 points with every tenth use!\n\n(Of course I cannot say how your game is programmed, and every sixteenth time\nwould imply a probability of 1/16, but not the other way around.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-23T22:06:01.627",
"id": "61061",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-23T22:30:44.880",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-23T22:30:44.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
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"parent_id": "61060",
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"score": 4
}
] |
61060
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61061
|
61061
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61065",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I could not find anything on this website nor with a (quick I admit) search on\nGoogle.\n\nDoes Japanese have any \"yes phrase\" (or more technically rhetorical\naffirmation) used to answer questions whose answer is supposed to be an\nobvious \"yes\"? Such as:\n\n> Does a bear sh*t in the woods?\n>\n> Is the pope catholic?\n\nIn fact, these expressions are so common in English that you can often find\nthem twisted in comical ways:\n\n> Is the Space Pope reptilian? (Futurama)\n>\n> Is the atomic weight of Cobalt 58.9? (Ghostbusters II)\n\nGiven that sarcasm is generally is not a typical trait of Japanese people,\nmaybe something like this doesn't exist. Or does it? Anything similar?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T02:11:54.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61062",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T06:58:12.953",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"slang",
"culture",
"rhetorical-questions"
],
"title": "Does a bear sh*t in the woods? Rhetorical affirmations in Japanese. Is there any?",
"view_count": 355
}
|
[
{
"body": "[This famous phrase from a\nmanga](http://dic.nicovideo.jp/a/%E3%81%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%88%E3%81%AF%E4%BB%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A7%E9%A3%9F%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E6%9E%9A%E6%95%B0%E3%82%92%E3%81%8A%E3%81%BC%E3%81%88%E3%81%A6%E3%81%84%E3%82%8B%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8B%3F)\ninstantly came to my mind, but probably this was created intentionally so that\nit would sound like a \"typical American joke\", and I don't think it's used\noutside otaku communities. I could not think of a more traditional expression\nsimilar to this. A classic set expression for \"obviously true\" is\n[火を見るより明らか](https://jisho.org/word/%E7%81%AB%E3%82%92%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%82%88%E3%82%8A%E6%98%8E%E3%82%89%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A7%E3%81%82%E3%82%8B)\n(mainly used in written Japanese), but this does not sound sarcastic or\nhumorous at all.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T04:09:31.503",
"id": "61065",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61062",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61062
|
61065
|
61065
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61110",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I know that na-adjectives are nouns which can also act like adjectives by\naffixing themselves to nouns, but can every noun do this simply by adding な or\ncan only certain nouns have the property of being adjectival?\n\nFor 利口 can act as a noun:\n\n利口 n. intelligence\n\nbut can also be an adjective:\n\n利口 an. intelligent, smart, clever, etc.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T04:12:04.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61066",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T06:24:55.220",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"adjectives",
"nouns",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "Can every noun be a na-adjective?",
"view_count": 1616
}
|
[
{
"body": "Technically yes, because you could use the form of a noun with な in saying\nthings like すべての名詞が ナ形容詞な わけではない*, which is equivalent to …ナ形容詞であるわけでは….\n\nHowever, that's not substantially an adjective. (For the rest, Tommy answered\nto your question, I think.)\n\n*; This sentence is too unsettling to rephrase as 形容詞のわけではない while 形容詞のはずがない is fine.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T08:01:13.430",
"id": "61072",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T08:01:13.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61066",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Not every noun can be a na-adjective.\n\n* * *\n\nA few examples of na-adjectives:\n\n> **親切な** 人 -- kind person \n> **安全な** 国 -- safe country \n> **きれいな** 人 -- beautiful person \n> **さわやかな** 風 -- refreshing breeze \n> **ロマンチックな** 映画 -- romantic movie \n> **健康的な** 食生活 -- healthy diet\n\nSome nouns take の instead of な, and some categorize them as no-adjectives.\nYou'd say:\n\n> **病気の** 人 -- sick person \n> **最後の** 晩餐 -- the last supper \n> **年配の** 女性 -- elderly woman \n> **初期の** 肺癌 -- early lung cancer \n> **灰色の** 空 -- gray sky\n\n... rather than 「病気 **な** 人」「最後 **な** 晩餐」「年配 **な** 女性」「初期 **な** 肺癌」「灰色 **な**\n空」.\n\n* * *\n\nIn phrases like 「 **私の** 本」(my book) 「 **家の** 屋根」(roof of a house) 「 **日本の**\n文化」(Japan's culture) 「 **空の** 色」(color of the sky), however, 「私の」「家の」「日本の」「空の」\nwouldn't be considered as no-adjectives. These phrases would be considered as\n\"noun¹ + case particle の + noun²\" (\"noun² + of + noun¹\") rather than \"no-\nadjective + noun\" (\"~~ _ish_ + noun\").\n\nAnd, you don't say 「 **私な** 本」「 **家な** 屋根」「 **日本な** 文化」「 **空な** 色」 etc. These\nnouns express もの・こと rather than 状態・感情, and cannot be na-adjectives.\n\n* * *\n\nBy the way...\n\n> I know that na-adjectives are nouns which can also act like adjectives...\n\nNot all na-adjectives are nouns, eg きれい, さわやか, 静か, 明らか, ロマンチック, ～～的(健康的, 劇的,\n科学的 etc.)\n\n* * *\n\nAs a side note:\n\nYou'd use \"noun+な\" before some words or phrases, even though the noun is not a\nna-adjective. In such cases the な is the 連体形 (attributive form) of the 断定の助動詞\n(assertive auxiliary) or copula だ (source: 明鏡国語辞典). Some examples from the\ndictionary:\n\n> Words that mainly take \"noun+な\": \n> だけだ -- 「年が一つ **下なだけだ** 」 \n> だけに -- 「相手が **子供なだけに** 対応が難しい」 \n> ので -- 「まだ **子供なので** 理解できない」 \n> のに -- 「 **小学生なのに** よくやった」 \n> ものか(終助詞) -- 「彼が **犯人なものか** 」 \n> もので -- 「まだ **学生なもので** 」\n>\n> Words that take either \"noun+な\" or \"noun+の\" depending on the meaning: \n> あまり・上・くせに・せい・ため・つもり・はず・ようだ・わけ・わり…\n\nSo you can say 「 **子供な** ので」「 **小学生な** のに」「 **形容詞な** わけではない」 etc. but it\ndoesn't mean 子供, 小学生, 形容詞 are na-adjectives.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T04:00:21.787",
"id": "61110",
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"parent_id": "61066",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
61066
|
61110
|
61110
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61070",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading a light novel and saw this sentence describing how it feels like\nin a forest.\n\n> 緩やかな風で森がざわめく音だけが、闇を飾るように聞こえてくる。\n\nI understand every word in it, but I am confused as to what sounds can be\nheard.\n\nTo me, it is not clear what だけ modifies, does this mean:\n\n * 聞こえる音はただ一つ、緩やかな風で森がざわめく音だ or;\n * 他の音も聞こえるが、 **闇を飾るように** ではなく、他のように聞こえる。つまり、緩やかな風で森がざわめく音だけが闇を飾る。他の音は闇を飾らない\n\nWhich interpretation is correct? Or are both correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T07:49:54.927",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61069",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T11:48:47.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18200",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"interpretation"
],
"title": "How to interpret 緩やかな風で森がざわめく音だけが、闇を飾るように聞こえてくる。",
"view_count": 105
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both interpretations are technically possible, but only the former seems\nnatural to me. This is a dark and relatively silent forest, isn't it? 闇を飾るように\nis a fairly vague and poetic expression and I have never tried to distinguish\nsounds according to such a criterion. If it were something like\n森がざわめく音だけが前から聞こえてくる, the sentence might seem ambiguous and there might be\nother sound sources behind you.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T07:56:50.567",
"id": "61070",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T11:48:47.350",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T11:48:47.350",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61069",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61069
|
61070
|
61070
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> まちをぶらぶらあるく。 \n> English translation: Walk aimlessly through town.\n\nI understand that aimlessly walk takes the object town and that’s why we use\nを, but wouldn’t it make more sense to use に as the town is also the target of\nthe motion verb?\n\nAlso can someone please explain these two explanations on the differences\nsince they confused me and is there any resources/worksheets for constructing\nJapanese sentences?\n\n> CHAPTER 3. BASIC GRAMMAR \n> 3.8 PARTICLES USED WITH VERBS\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> Unlike the direct object we're familiar with in English, places can also be\n> the direct object of motion verbs such as ｢歩く」 and 「走る」. Since the motion\n> verb is done _to_ the location, the concept of direct object is the same in\n> Japanese. However, as you can see by the next examples, it often translates\n> to something different in English due to the slight difference of the\n> concept of direct object.\n>\n> The 「に」 particle can specify a target of a verb. This is different from the\n> 「を」 particle in which the verb does something _to_ the direct object. With\n> the 「に」 particle, the verb does something _toward_ the word associated with\n> the 「に」 particle. For example, the target of any motion verb is specified by\n> the particle 「に」 particle.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T07:57:13.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61071",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T23:07:09.823",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T10:20:23.077",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "31057",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"particles",
"verbs",
"particle-に"
],
"title": "Direct objects of motion verbs and help with the difference between を and に",
"view_count": 839
}
|
[
{
"body": "If you use に, the sentence is grammatically inaccurate and sounds like (\n**edit** ) 町に向{む}かって歩く, which means \"walk towards the town\", in other words,\nyou are not in the town in the moment.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T08:49:38.857",
"id": "61075",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T14:20:03.943",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T14:20:03.943",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61071",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "I think it is better to think of this を as a location marker meaning\n\"through/across ～\" rather than thinking of it as a direct object marker.\nSimply, を has two distinct functions. Many verbs related to motion take を in\nJapanese, and they are usually categorized as intransitive verbs in\ndictionaries.\n\n * [この道をまっすぐ行ってください。 Why を and not で?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6869/5010)\n * [Making sense of transitive usage of 行く and 来る - 「を行く」 and 「を来る」](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3243/5010)\n * [It seems that 渡る is categorized as 自動詞 (intransitive verb), yet it is frequently used with を. Why?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/12734/5010)\n * [Why does 出る accepts を although it is an intransitive verb?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21313/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T23:07:09.823",
"id": "61089",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T23:07:09.823",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61071",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61071
| null |
61089
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61077",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "下の文章で「言っちゃった」は「言ってしまった」の短縮形でしょうか。\n\n> 例）「もう正直に、みんなに **言っちゃったほう** が、いいと思うよ。」\n\n「してしまったほうがいい」の表現を詳しく説明していただけませんか。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T09:41:19.230",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61076",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-06T19:40:59.630",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-06T19:40:59.630",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "27805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "「言っちゃったほうが、」の意味",
"view_count": 385
}
|
[
{
"body": "はい、「言っちゃった」は「言ってしまった」の口語形です。\n\nこの場合の「～てしまう」の意味は[この質問](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/4781/5010)で解説されていますが、「あまり悩まずに～する」「とりあえず～する」「結果のことは心配しないで思いきって～する」のような意味です。正直に言うと、怒られたり非難されたりする悪い結果が予測できますが、それでも敢えて正直に言うべきだ、というニュアンスが含まれています。\n\n残りの部分についてはこちらを見てください:\n\n * [In front of \"ほうがいい,\" is it always past tense?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24426/5010)\n * [When to use するほうがいい instead of したほうがいい in order to mean \"Should do\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/60907/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T09:54:47.633",
"id": "61077",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T10:00:24.160",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T10:00:24.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61076",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61076
|
61077
|
61077
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "If China is usually referred to as [中国]{ちゅうごく}, then why do the names for the\nseas still use the old Japanese name? Is there a reason?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T10:38:07.423",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61078",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T11:29:12.250",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T11:29:12.250",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31059",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Why are the South China Sea and East China Sea still referred to as \"南シナ海 \" and \"東シナ海\" when \"シナ\" is considered derogatory when referring to China?",
"view_count": 131
}
|
[] |
61078
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61080",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> どのくらいって、山と田地が少しある **ぎりで** 、金なんかまるでないんでしょう\n\nこれは夏目漱石の「こころ」の中の一文です。\n\nこの「ぎりで」の意味や使い方が分かりません。\n\n* * *\n\nGoogleでも、「あるぎりで」を使う文章は相当に少ないです。\n\nこれらは「ぎりで」に関するページですが、\n\n<https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%8E%E3%82%8A%E3%81%A7>\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E7%BE%A9%E7%90%86/#je-18610>\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/146708/meaning/m0u/>\n\nその中にあるのは、justice(正義)や義務や人との交際などの人に関する解釈ばかりで、この質問の答えになりません。\n\nですが、「ぎり」で終わる語彙のページも見つけました。\n\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/srch/en/%E3%81%8E%E3%82%8A/m2u/>\n\nその中には、「あるかぎり」の英語の例文集があります。\n\n<https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E6%9C%89%E3%82%8B%E9%99%90%E3%82%8A/#je-2005>\n\nその「あるぎり」を「あるかぎり」と解釈すれば、この句は理解できるはずです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T10:42:25.467",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61079",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-18T15:35:07.853",
"last_edit_date": "2018-09-18T15:35:07.853",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"particle-で",
"particle-って",
"literature"
],
"title": "usage of ぎりで in this sentence",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「どのくらいって、山と田地が少しある **ぎり** で、金なんかまるでないんでしょう。」\n\nこの「ぎり」は「きり」とも発音され、副助詞です。「っきり」という形で恐らく既にどこかで見かけているのではないでしょうか。\n\n意味は「だけ」、「かぎり」となります。従って、「少しある **ぎり** 」は「少しある **だけ** 」というように解釈すれば問題なく理解できると思います。\n\nまた、この「ぎり」は、「義理」とは何の関係もない言葉です。発音も違います。\n\n「ぎり」: 「ぎり{HL}」\n\n「義理」: 「ぎり{LH}」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T10:54:33.680",
"id": "61080",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T11:00:26.947",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T11:00:26.947",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61079",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61079
|
61080
|
61080
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61083",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm reading this\n[article](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011580241000/k10011580241000.html)\nand I do not understand why the bolded **を** exists. I'm am expecting a verb\nsuch as する, but there isn't one. How is the **を** functioning here or why is\nthere no verb paired with it?\n\n> アメリカのトランプ大統領は、自分のことを悪く書く新聞やテレビ **を** 「うそのニュース」や「国民の敵」だと言っています。\n>\n> My Translation: American president Trump says that things like news papers\n> and TV who write poorly about his matters are \"Fake News\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T15:04:02.060",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61082",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-06T03:56:46.940",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "Confusing about を that has no verb in article",
"view_count": 161
}
|
[
{
"body": "No verb? Isn't 「言っています」 a verb (phrase)?\n\n> 「Person + は + Object/Another Person + を/のことを + \"Name\" + と/だと/って + 言う/言っている,\n> etc.」\n\nis an extremely common expression meaning:\n\n> \"(Person) calls/is calling (Object/Another Person) \"(Name)\".\"\n\n「言う」 means \"to call\" in this expression and you will keep encountering this\nconstruct for as long as you study Japanese.\n\n> \"U.S. President Trump calls the newspapers and TV (stations) that speak ill\n> of him 'Fake News' or 'enemies of the people'.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T15:22:42.873",
"id": "61083",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-24T15:41:00.853",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-24T15:41:00.853",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "61082",
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"score": 4
},
{
"body": "The verb is だ, not 言う.\n\nテレビを「敵」だと大統領は言う。 \nThe president says that the TV is the enemy.\n\nYou can replace を with が: \nテレビが「敵」だと大統領は言う。\n\nテレビが「敵」だ(the TV is the enemy) is one sentence with だ as a verb.\n\n大統領は言う(the president says) is another sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-06T03:56:46.940",
"id": "61991",
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] |
61082
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61083
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61083
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61085",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Im reading this\n[article](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011584661000/k10011584661000.html)\nand I don't think I fully understand the use of the **と** in this context. My\ntranslation seems off with it being converted to an \"and\". What is the と\nreally supposed to represent here?\n\n> イスラム教の人がサウジアラビアのメッカ **と** その近くへ祈りに行く「ハッジ」が始まりました My Translation: Hajj has\n> started, which is where Islamic people go to pray at a vicinity and Saudi\n> Arabia's Mecca.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T15:47:05.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61084",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "30339",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Confusion with the use of と in article",
"view_count": 87
}
|
[
{
"body": "The と means \"and\".\n\n「メッカ **と** その近く」 = \"Mecca **and** its vicinity\"\n\n> イスラム教の人がサウジアラビアの **メッカとその近く** へ祈りに行く「ハッジ」が始まりました。 \n> Hajj, in which Muslims go to pray in **Mecca and its vicinity** in Saudi\n> Arabia, has started.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T16:42:25.987",
"id": "61085",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61084
|
61085
|
61085
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "61090",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 恋愛も勉強もトライ＆エラー。\n>\n> やってみて失敗し、その教訓を糧に次からまた行動する。\n>\n> そういう意味では俺も亜子も、今まで恋愛に消極的に生きてきたのはちょっとばかし損だったんじゃないのか。\n>\n> まあそんな風に周囲から思われたとしても、そこは不思議じゃないかもしれない。\n\nContext: mom giving screwed up love/sex \"lesson\" to mc and sister. All of this\nis MC's internal thoughts, but i'm not exactly sure what he's saying\n\nIf you try and fail, this sort of lesson, will encourage you try again next\ntime.\n\n糧に次から = encourage to try again?\n\nAlso, could someone confirm these sections if you don't mind?\n\nちょっとばかし = really really ちょっと? (This idea, for me and ako, mean that\nhalfheartedly trying to get into a relationship up to now will only be of\nlittle consequence.)\n\n~から思われた = get a feeling from ~? (anyways, that's what i get from this\nenvironment( the lesson?), this is strange isn't it.)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T19:25:07.530",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61086",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T07:43:18.017",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-25T02:06:52.123",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Interpretation of 糧に次から",
"view_count": 134
}
|
[
{
"body": "* What you are seeing is an adverbial expression その教訓 **を** 糧 **に** , [the AをBに construction](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/20854/5010) meaning \"using/with A as B\". その教訓 refers to the lesson learned from the previous failure. 糧 (\"food\") refers to something that mentally grows or inspires you. More examples [here](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E7%B3%A7).\n * ちょっとばかし is a more informal version of ちょっとばかり, \"just a little\", \"only a little\". It (adverbially) modifies 損だった.\n * This 周囲 (\"surroundings\") means \"people around me\".\n * 不思議じゃないかもしれない is \"it may not be strange?\" rather than \"it's strange isn't it?\"\n\n> やってみて失敗し、その教訓を糧に次からまた行動する。 \n> People try, fail, and take their next actions in the light of the lessons\n> learned (from the previous failure).\n>\n> そういう意味では俺も亜子も、今まで恋愛に消極的に生きてきたのはちょっとばかし損だったんじゃないのか。 \n> (At least) in this sense, the fact that both Ako and I have lived life in a\n> passive manner towards love up until now...it was a bit of a \"loss\", wasn't\n> it?\n>\n> まあそんな風に周囲から思われたとしても、そこは不思議じゃないかもしれない。 \n> Well, even if people around me thought like that (i.e., \"Ako and MC have\n> lived a bit of a dull life\"), that may not be strange.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T02:18:54.150",
"id": "61090",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T07:43:18.017",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-25T07:43:18.017",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61086",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61086
|
61090
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61090
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61088",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 結局の所問題なのは地面を覆っているアスファルトだ。\n\nWhy is there a なの here even though 問題 is a noun? Are there other nouns that\ncan have also have it, is it only restricted for 問題, or it's possible for all\nnouns?\n\nOn the side note, what is the difference between 問題は and 問題なのは?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T19:43:52.317",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61087",
"last_activity_date": "2023-04-16T14:45:29.497",
"last_edit_date": "2023-04-16T01:38:58.767",
"last_editor_user_id": "19278",
"owner_user_id": "15891",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 問題なのは~ and 問題は~?",
"view_count": 947
}
|
[
{
"body": "問題なのはXだ is a [cleft sentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/19208/5010)\nmade from Xは問題だ. So it's more emphatic.\n\n> * 問題はXだ。 \n> The problem is X.\n> * Xは問題だ。 \n> X is a problem.\n> * 問題なのはXだ。 \n> It is X that is the problem. \n> What is problematic is X.\n>\n\nNote that the copula だ turns into な when it modifies の, which is technically a\n(formal) noun. 問題 in 問題なのは is a simple noun (or a na-adjective) and not\nspecial at all. You can also say 馬鹿なのは俺だ (\"It is me who is an idiot\"),\n強い犬なのはこちらの犬です (\"It is _this_ dog that is the stronger one\"), and so on.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-24T22:12:53.793",
"id": "61088",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T00:04:19.383",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-25T00:04:19.383",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61087",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
},
{
"body": "> What is the difference between 問題は and 問題なのは?\n\nThe same meaning.\n\n問題は: The matter is ～ \n問題なのは: What is the matter is ～ (= What matters is ～)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-02T15:53:02.980",
"id": "61284",
"last_activity_date": "2023-04-16T14:45:29.497",
"last_edit_date": "2023-04-16T14:45:29.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31135",
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"score": 0
}
] |
61087
|
61088
|
61088
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "beginner in Japanese here. I was curious about why you read the Kanji in お母さん\n(O **kā** san) differently from just 母 (Haha). I know that there's Kun and On\nreading but I can't find this Kanji read as \"kā\" in both readings.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T03:26:23.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61091",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T07:52:14.360",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31065",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "The reading of お母さん",
"view_count": 181
}
|
[
{
"body": "Kun: はは (haha, 母, Jōyō); はわ (hawa, 母); は (ha, 母); あも (amo, 母); おも (omo, 母); かか\n(kaka, 母); かあ (kā, 母) from wiktionary\n<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%AF%8D> [Etymology 7 has more information\non the かあ reading.](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%AF%8D)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T04:47:34.970",
"id": "61093",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T07:52:14.360",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-25T07:52:14.360",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "21826",
"parent_id": "61091",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61091
| null |
61093
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/d11cJ.png)\n\nFrom my understanding, absent \"ちうわけで\", this simply means, \"Is it OK if I go to\nbreak.\" Is it similar to \"こういうわけで\"?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T04:09:39.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61092",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T04:21:25.057",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "21826",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"manga"
],
"title": "In what way does ちうわけで serve this sentence?",
"view_count": 231
}
|
[
{
"body": "ちう (and ちゅう) is a slurred version of という, so ちうわけで is the same as というわけで.\n\nというわけで basically just means \"So, ...\" or \"For that reason, ...\". It's mainly\nused to describe a conclusion after stating a reason. It's also used to draw\nthe listeners' attention before moving on to the main topic (e.g., \" **So** ,\nlet's start today's lesson\"). Sometimes it's used even at the very beginning\nof an exchange (like English \" **So** , hello, my name is ...\").\n\nFrom [this answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/2258/5010):\n\n> > というわけで、… \n> So with that, …\n>\n> This is especially common in TV or radio shows when the host needs to press\n> the show forward or move on to the next topic. The という wraps up the\n> preceding statements into わけ and essentially means, \"Now that all this has\n> been said, let's move on.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T04:15:37.933",
"id": "61158",
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"score": 5
}
] |
61092
| null |
61158
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm studying Japanese, and found this phrase:\n\n> 漢字を書くのが嫌いだけど読むのは好きです。\n\nI was thought that the particle that is always with 好き is が but in this case\nis は, is there an explanation for this???",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T08:34:01.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61095",
"last_activity_date": "2019-11-03T05:29:01.950",
"last_edit_date": "2019-11-03T05:29:01.950",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31047",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "は with 好き exception?",
"view_count": 375
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think it shows a contrast\n[https://jisho.org/search/は](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%AF). After\nreading this <https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/ha-vs-ga-five-\npoints-you-need-to-know/> it seems to me that the writer want to say that\nhe/she only likes reading kanji and doesn’t like anything else about it.\n\nBut I am also new to Japanese. Let’s wait for someone more knowledgeable.\n\n**Edit**\n\nAfter reading user4092’s answer I see that my answer is wrong. I am leaving it\nhere only because of the links as I think they are a good source of knowledge.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T09:57:22.200",
"id": "61097",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T06:44:23.460",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T06:44:23.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "31035",
"owner_user_id": "31035",
"parent_id": "61095",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Japanese grammar works this way.\n\nIn a clause, you can simply use case particles such as がのをにへ as it is.\n\n * 私が読むのが好きなこと: the fact that I like reading\n\nNow, what if you convert the contents of the clause into a sentence? In\nEnglish, you can put it as it is, i.e. \"I like reading\". However, it doesn't\nreally work in Japanese. In other words, 私が読むのが好きだ can't immediately be a\nvalid sentence. (It often happens to beginners that they carelessly produce\ntopicless sentences or\n[ones](https://peing.net/ja/q/52b794a6-e5f3-44aa-a294-0659873e4f8b) whose\ncontents don't get along with an inferred topic.)\n\nA sentence of statement needs some topics or equivalents in Japanese except\nsome cases. Among several ways to produce topic parts, adding は to a noun\nphrase is one. Let's call this process \"topicalization\" here.\n\nI'll omit the detail but anyway, when you topicalize 私が, it turns into 私は, and\nthe sentence becomes 私は読むのが好きだ. Likewise, when you do 読むのが too, it produces\n読むのは, thus, 私は読むのは好き.\n\nIf you are curious about the reason for using は*, searching difference between\nは and が will help. As user31035 says, expressing contrast is one of its\nfunctions (though it doesn't necessarily mean he hates the other things).\n\n*; Expressing contrast is unique to は while so called thematic usage is a problem why you choose it rather than other choices especially in colloquial Japanese. But you can ignore the trivia for the time being.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T13:47:53.773",
"id": "61101",
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"score": 5
}
] |
61095
| null |
61101
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> Your translation is single-volitional, not double. 「行こうとしようよ」 means\n> something like \"Let's try to try going next week.\", which is why it is an\n> incorrect\n> answer.([source](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/24190/acceptability-\n> of-%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%82%88%E3%81%86-vs-%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%81%97%E3%82%88%E3%81%86))\n\nIt seems to be 行こうとする(to try to go) in the volitional form, so it would mean\n'let's try to go' and not 'let's try to try to go'.\n\nAnd since it is incorrect, how would we say \"let's try\" (with the nuance of\nようとする and not with the one of てみる)?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T08:46:32.193",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61096",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-25T17:00:26.297",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Why would 「行こうとしようよ」be interpreted as \"let's try to try to go\"?",
"view_count": 323
}
|
[
{
"body": "行こうとしよう can mean something like \"let's pretend to go\" or an archaic way of\nsaying \"he will probably try to go\".\n\nEither way, that's out of question for the choice in the source.\n\nAs for translating \"let's try\", you could say 努力しよう、挑戦しよう、とりあえず やろう beside\nやってみよう, as the comment says.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T12:39:50.313",
"id": "61100",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T03:05:40.027",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-26T03:05:40.027",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61096",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "行こうとしようよ sounds slightly off. If you want to say “let’s try to go” you cd say\n行ってみようよ. If for some reason your goal is to communicate an intention to\n_attempt to go_ instead of actually just going (which puts us in metaphysical\nhair-splitting territory), then you cd say 行く努力をしよう but I have trouble\nimagining what context would require that (行ってみる努力ぐらいはしてくれてもいいだろう (“you could\nat least do me the favor of making the attempt to go”) or something?).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-25T14:06:30.490",
"id": "61750",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "9306",
"parent_id": "61096",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61096
| null |
61750
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just read this clause (as a definition of 独特):\n\n> そのものだけが有していること。\n\nI first understood it in a way, that \"[Something] has only this thing.\",\ninstead \"Only this thing has [something]\". Now I'm kind of doubting my own\nlanguage skills, and whether my confusion is _justified_. I think if I would\nhave written the same sentence as:\n\n> そのものだけは有していること。\n\nor\n\n> そのものだけはあることが有していること。\n\nDo my versions sound natural as well? If not, why not? Also, how would you\nhave translated \"[Something] has only this thing.\" with \"something\" being\nomitted and without being ambiguous?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T10:44:24.517",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61098",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-28T11:04:40.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14391",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-は",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "Confusion about omitted \"object\" with 有する",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since こと (circumstance/issue) is a word with little animacy,\nそのものだけはあることが有していること doesn't really make sense.\n\nそのものだけは有していること is ambiguous if そのもの is the subject or the object.\n\n\"[Something] has only this thing.\" can be expressed as （何かが）これだけを有する(こと).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T01:45:37.713",
"id": "61108",
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"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61098",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61098
| null |
61108
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61109",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "征伐, せいばつ, _seibatsu_\n\nAn old Japanese friend suggested that 征伐, “conquest,” has a moral tone to it\nand might be better translated as “righteous conquest,” however, most\ndictionaries simply define it as a \"conquest, invasion, subjugation,\novercoming, or punitive expedition.\" Similarly, _ukiyo-e_ titles in various\nmuseums translate 征伐 as \"conquest.\"\n\nA few notes:\n\n 1. In Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney's _Kamikaze, Cherry Blossoms, and Nationalisms: The Militarization of Aesthetics in Japanese History_ (University of Chicago Press, 2002), mention is made that: \"In 1894, the year when the Sino-Japanese War started, Sasaki Nobutsuna [...] a highly regarded scholar of classical poetry, composed a lengthy song entitled _The Song of the Conquest of the Chinese_ ( _Shina seibatsu no uta_ ). The song is replete with references to mountain cherry blossoms fragrant in the morning sun and to the sacrifice of the Japanese for the country/emperor.\" The text goes on to say that the word _seibatsu_ has a \"special meaning: it is used for conquests of those who deserve to be vanquished, such as ogres or barbarians.\"\n\n 2. Though my Japanese is poor, when I was looking at Japanese Wikipedia entries on the Battle of Ōshū ( _Ōshū kassen_ , 奥州合戦), I gleaned the following: the Battle of Ōshū is a general, collective phrase used to describe Yoritomo’s invasion of the province, and is a modern, neutral term used in preference to moral and 'biased' descriptions of the battle as _Ōshū tsuitō_ (奥州追討, the “chase and defeat” at Ōshū, a \"tracking down and killing; a punitive expedition\" in Ōshū), and _Ōshū seibatsu_ (奥州征伐, the “righteous conquest” of Ōshū).\n\nSo can anyone shed light on the word 征伐, _seibatsu_ , its etymology and/or the\nsubtleties of its use? If one is looking at C19th and pre-C19th texts is it\nbetter to translate the word as 'righteous conquest' (or similar) so there is\na historically moral emphasis?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T12:33:02.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61099",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-24T08:08:55.537",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-25T16:02:07.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "26637",
"owner_user_id": "26637",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"etymology",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "征伐, せいばつ, seibatsu: a conquest or a 'righteous conquest'?",
"view_count": 274
}
|
[
{
"body": "From [Wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%81%E4%BC%90):\n\n> **征伐** （せいばつ、conquest または\n> subjugation）とは、反乱を起こした勢力を鎮圧したり、反社会的な犯罪集団・賊などを、武力で処罰（懲罰）したりすることをいう。実際にはプロパガンダ（政治宣伝）として、公権力を背景とし、政治的に敵対する勢力に対して武力行使（攻撃・侵攻・侵略）をしかけるときに使われることが多い。対象は敵国や異民族の場合もある。「征服」に比べて「政敵・及び政府の敵を懲らしめる」という意味合いが強い。\n\nSo it's not a neutral word but is a subjective and condescending word that\ndoes have a connotation of \"defeating the evil\", \"suppressing insurgency\" or\neven \"showing power to savage people\". In reality, it's often merely a means\nto justify what a government is doing; it has been used against what they\nconsidered as \"public enemies\". Indeed, 征伐 sounds \"glorious\" as long as you\nare on the government's side. On the other hand, modern historians, who need\nto be objective and understand the meaning of [this\nproverb](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%8B%9D%E3%81%A6%E3%81%B0%E5%AE%98%E8%BB%8D%E8%B2%A0%E3%81%91%E3%82%8C%E3%81%B0%E8%B3%8A%E8%BB%8D),\ntend to avoid 征伐.\n\n討伐 also has a very similar connotation, but it's used with a single\n(subjectively \"evil\") enemy or a small group of enemies (e.g., 勇者が魔王を討伐する).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T03:23:55.997",
"id": "61109",
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"parent_id": "61099",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "Surely 征伐 always means sending an army for a righteous or legitimate cause, or\nfor subduing the wrong.\n\nIn chinese, 伐 means attacking the guity or the evil forces. 征 means aggression\nwith the same nuance. Note that the latter has 正 in its character.\n\nIn a well-known child song of Momotaro, the Japanese folktales hero, Momotaro\ngoes to 鬼(the demons, monsters)の征伐.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-02T15:47:39.487",
"id": "61282",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-02T15:47:39.487",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31135",
"parent_id": "61099",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61099
|
61109
|
61109
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I know the stroke order of kanji and the kana, I can write them. But Japanese\nhandwriting is a lot different from our templates or RTK kanji. They look\ndifferent (like the special \"そ\"), but also with kanji I see people sometimes\nnot finishing certain strokes, or the whole kanji is different. How can you\nlearn these things? All the recources online only give the \"textbook\" writing,\nor font writing. And if I look for handwriting fonts they still give really\nneat writing, instead of the native, faster, hand. I want to look more\nprofessional with my handwriting, but professionals don't have a handwriting\nthat's a replica of the standard writings, but a kind of different stylistic\nfeel. My question is: how do you learn this?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T16:03:31.740",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61103",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T16:03:31.740",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29817",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"handwriting"
],
"title": "How to learn proper Japanese handwriting",
"view_count": 406
}
|
[] |
61103
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61133",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "There's a song called 碧羅の天へ誘えど and it's read as \"Hekira no Sora e Izanaedo\".\nIs \"Sora\" another reading for 天？ I don't see it listed on Jisho.org, and 天\nseems to almost always use \"Ten\" as its reading.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T16:48:13.987",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61104",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:44.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30841",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "Why does this kanji use \"sora\" as its reading?",
"view_count": 472
}
|
[
{
"body": "Oh Wikipedia says \"Sora\" is a Nanori reading for 天, which is apparently used\nfor names and places",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T19:48:46.030",
"id": "61106",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-25T19:48:46.030",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30841",
"parent_id": "61104",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "The reading of そら is a nonstandard reading found almost exclusively in crative\nwritings such as lyrics and novel titles. It's in the same vein as\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/198/5010). Using a nonstandard\nreading is a common way to make the name sound more interesting in Japanese.\n\nIn person names, there are a few people named 天【そら】 (including [this\nseiyu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sora_Amamiya)), but I think it tends to\nbe used as a little peculiar stage name.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:44.847",
"id": "61133",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:44.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61104",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61104
|
61133
|
61133
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Here is a piece of dialogue from the lore of a video game:\n\n> そういや、オラクルじゃないが……昔そこそこ強かったウォーロックの連中は似たような真似してたかもな\n\nThe speaker here was just informed about the combat techniques unique to\n\"oracles\" (オラクル), in the story ウォーロック need decades of training to achieve the\nstatus of オラクル.\n\nBut I'm confused by what the speaker means by 真似. The dictionary definitions\nare as follows:\n\n> 1. imitating; copying; mimicry\n> 2. behavior; behaviour; action; conduct\n>\n\nI assume definition 2 is the correct usage, however is it behaviour/conduct in\nterms of how they carry themselves/present themselves, or could it also be\nreferring to a specific action depending on the context? In this case the\naction being the combat techniques.\n\nBased on this later assumption would I be right in translating the line like\nso:\n\n> That reminds me, although they're not oracles… maybe warlocks who have been\n> relatively strong for a long time can do something ( _combat techniques_ )\n> that resembles this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T19:24:05.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61105",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-12T17:02:20.297",
"last_edit_date": "2021-12-13T16:58:42.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "31072",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "usage of \"真似\" in 昔そこそこ強かったウォーロックの連中は似たような真似してたかもな",
"view_count": 144
}
|
[
{
"body": "Definition 2 is correct. 真似 here refers to a specific action (combat\ntechnique). Your translation is mostly correct, but could be improved if you\ndrop the \"maybe\" and treat the 昔 as \"in the past\" - not \"for a long time\". So\nbasically, the speaker is reminded of a group of relatively strong warlocks in\nthe past. They were not oracles, but they did something (combat technique)\nsimilar. HTH.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T01:31:23.647",
"id": "61130",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T01:31:23.647",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30554",
"parent_id": "61105",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61105
| null |
61130
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61115",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "An artist I follow on twitter posted an image and above it they wrote\n新規掲載絵皆無貧困絵描. (Here is the link to the original tweet:\n<https://twitter.com/sai_no/status/1033339861351256065> tho it doesn't really\nhave much contextual information for me to use)\n\nI know all of the individual kanji that is contained in that phrase, but I\nfail to see how they all fit together. Google translator and other translation\ntools just translate individual components that make it up, and I don't\nunderstand how they connect.\n\nIt would help me if someone could explain to me in a more nuanced way what\nthat phrase means and break down how it's components work together to make it.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-25T20:29:51.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61107",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T08:18:14.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "24001",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "Help with meaning of 新規掲載絵皆無貧困絵描",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's probably trying to say \"a poor painter with no new pictures published\".\n\n新規掲載の絵が皆無な、貧困に陥{おちい}った絵描き: a painter in poverty who doesn't have any newly\npublished pictures",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T08:18:14.847",
"id": "61115",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T08:18:14.847",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61107",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61107
|
61115
|
61115
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61114",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> まあ、新居で邪魔になりそうなものはゴミとして引き取ってもらったけど。\n\nAn internal remark from a couple moving into a new place.\n\nwell, 新居で邪魔になりそうなもの -> the people visiting new place, aka me/us\n\nゴミとして -> me/us as garbage\n\n引き取ってもらったけど -> ?? , we're receiving care from ...? (the new place?).\n\nWe, the new inhabitants of this property, are gratefully being taken care of\nas garbage (???)\n\nprobably not right haha, they did move some boxes from the old place and that\ncould also be the new visitors/garbage (?)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T04:18:58.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61111",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T08:05:45.060",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-26T05:57:43.300",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension",
"subsidiary-verbs",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "Interpretation of \"ゴミとして引き取ってもらった\"",
"view_count": 74
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your difficulties stem from the fact that\n\n> 新居で邪魔になりそうなもの\n\nis not:\n\n> the people visiting new place, aka me/us\n\nit's:\n\n> things that seemed like they would get in the way at our new place\n\nThen, it becomes perfectly normal for\n\n> ゴミとして引き取ってもらった\n\nTo mean:\n\n> had (these things) handled/taken away/collected as garbage.\n\nI'm unsure how/why you are interpreting `新居で邪魔になりそうなもの` to refer to the couple\nmoving into this new place, but the definitions for\n[邪魔](https://jisho.org/search/%E9%82%AA%E9%AD%94) and\n[物](https://jisho.org/search/%E7%89%A9) might help.\n\nThe whole sentence is something like:\n\n> (We) had the things that seemed like they'd get in the way at (our) new\n> place collected as garbage.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T08:05:45.060",
"id": "61114",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T08:05:45.060",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7705",
"parent_id": "61111",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61111
|
61114
|
61114
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw this sentence in a textbook:\n\n> 原則としては、返却しないといけないことになってるんですけど、\n\nI'm assuming this usage corresponds to jisho's definition, `as (for); for; in\nthe capacity of` They break it down a bit in some subtext that points to it\nbeing として plus topic particle は, but that wouldn't make sense if we were\ntalking in terms of DOGJ's definition.\n\nIn DOGJ they describe としては as a particle that demonstrates a standard for\ncomparisons. For example,\n\n> ジョンソンさんは日本語の一年生としては日本語が上手だ。\n\nHow do the two usages relate to each other? _Can_ you relate them to each\nother? Are they separate grammar constructions that just coincidentally\nevolved in the same way so that they have the same reading?\n\nMy best guess is that としては described in the DOJG is とする + ては, but I'm not\nreally sure.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T05:33:16.220",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61112",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-21T01:07:00.873",
"last_edit_date": "2022-05-26T18:55:33.427",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "29917",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is there a relation between these two usages of としては?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 原則としては、返却しないといけないことになってるんですけど、\n\nThis feels like として + は where は is the topic marker.\n\n> ジョンソンさんは日本語の一年生としては日本語が上手だ。\n\nThis feels like the same として + a different は, where this は is being used with\nits contrastive function.\n\n一年生として = \"in the role of a first year student\".\n\n一年生としては = \"in the role of a first year student, compared to all the other\nroles he could have\".\n\nThis sounds like the 'standard for comparison' referred to in DOJG.\n\nNote that I am not a native speaker or a grammar expert, so better to wait for\nsome confirmation/condemnation from an expert.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T10:35:08.083",
"id": "61117",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T10:35:08.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "61112",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61112
| null |
61117
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have been trying to translate 'school was hard because everyone was born\nhere (australia)' and am not sure if this is the right grammar or not.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T07:40:19.433",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61113",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:37:53.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31076",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"kanji"
],
"title": "What does this mean? '誰もがここで生まれたので、学校は大変でした.'",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "Grammatically speaking, this is a fairly simple sentence, and your\nunderstanding of the sentence is basically OK. But it's a little difficult to\nmake sense of it without proper context. When you ask about the interpretation\nof a sentence, please don't forget to include some context. Usually a few\nsurrounding sentences will greatly help.\n\n誰もがここで生まれたので just means \"because everyone was bone here\". What 誰も actually\nrefers to depends on the context. It may be \"everyone in my village\",\n\"everyone in my class\", etc.\n\n学校は大変でした is technically ambiguous, and many sentences are ambiguous without\nproper context in topic-prominent languages like Japanese. Roughly speaking,\nthis sentence can mean:\n\n 1. the school had hard time (because of these people)\n 2. these people (may or may not include the speaker) had a hard time about something related to school\n 3. I had hard time at school\n\nFrom the context you provided, I think the sentence means \"Everyone **in my\nclass but me** was born here **in Australia** , so I had hard time at school\n(due to language problems, etc)\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:37:53.050",
"id": "61136",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:37:53.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61113",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61113
| null |
61136
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61142",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Inspired by [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/61113/what-does-this-\nmean-%E8%AA%B0%E3%82%82%E3%81%8C%E3%81%93%E3%81%93%E3%81%A7%E7%94%9F%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A7-%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1%E3%81%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%89%E3%81%A7%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F),\nI asked myself how I would say \"Everybody but me...\" e.g. \"Everybody but me\nate fish\".\n\nAt first I thought of 私以外の人はみんな... which is a phrase that seems to occur often\non Google. Then I thought that maybe I could contract it to 私以外のみんなは...which\ndoes appear on Google but is much less popular.\n\n1) Is 私以外の人はみんな...natural in this context\n\n2) Is 私以外のみんなは... wrong? And, why? If it's not wrong is there a difference\nbetween the two?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T11:02:28.973",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61118",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T11:54:25.687",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T11:54:25.687",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to say \"Everyone but me ...\"",
"view_count": 549
}
|
[
{
"body": "Both expressions sound very natural and I can't think of any significant\nsemantic differences between those two.\n\nTechnically, additional \"人は\" is scoping what みんな refers to. For example,\nconsider 私以外の女性はみんな. But 人 is as broad a class as it gets, so in this instance\nit's not adding no value.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:25:24.493",
"id": "61134",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:25:24.493",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "61118",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I think this is simply a reflection of how Japanese people prefer adverbial\nexpressions to describe the quantity of things.\n\n * [Positioning of quantities (using counters)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/8136/5010)\n * [How to list numbers of things](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17816/5010)\n\nSemantically they are almost interchangeable, but 私以外のみんな tends to refer to a\ndefinite group of people (e.g., \"all of _the_ remaining seven people\n(excluding me)\", \" _the_ rest of us\"), whereas 私以外の人はみんな tends to refer to\nindefinite people (e.g., \"everyone (living in Japan) except me\").",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T05:13:29.053",
"id": "61142",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T05:18:29.183",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T05:18:29.183",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61118",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61118
|
61142
|
61142
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61132",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I’m reading Tokyo Ghoul right now and I’ve come across this line:\n\n> グールが生まれながらにして得ることのない人の快楽…その代わりに、これが与えられたんだ。食欲に呑まれ **そうだ。**\n\nMy intuition, which the English translation confirms, is that 「食欲に呑まれそうだ」is\nthe antecedent of 「これ」. However, I don’t see how “seems like being consumed by\nhunger” can be what is given to ghouls in the stead of human happiness. Had\nthe sentence been written in the form of「食欲に呑まれること」I would have no confusion\nwhatsoever, but I simply don’t see how it makes sense to use the resemblance-\nmarking そう here.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T11:55:57.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61120",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:16.653",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "23869",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Why does 〜しそうだ seem to be used in place of 〜すること here?",
"view_count": 106
}
|
[
{
"body": "I haven't read Tokyo Ghoul, so I might be missing some context, but the way I\nread this sentence, これ refers to the pleasure of satisfying hunger, in\nexchange of some other human pleasures.\n\nAnd because the pleasure of satisfying hunger is so incredible, the desire to\neat (食欲) is almost overwhelming the speaker, who I assume is a ghoul, and\nthat's what そう (about to) is referring to.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:16.653",
"id": "61132",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T02:19:16.653",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3059",
"parent_id": "61120",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61120
|
61132
|
61132
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61141",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have learnt two variants for prohibition: -ちゃだめ -ではいけません depending on the\nlevel of formality…\n\nBut does an intermediate form of -じゃいけない or -ではいけない\n\nexist as well?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T13:50:22.620",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61121",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T04:49:35.957",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30417",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations",
"formality"
],
"title": "Prohibition in Japanese depending on level of formality",
"view_count": 121
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, all combinations are possible. Taking 見る as an example, you can say all\nof the following (roughly in the descending order of formality):\n\n * 見てはいけません。\n * 見てはだめです。\n * 見てはいけない。\n * 見ちゃいけない。\n * 見ちゃだめ(だ(よ))。\n\nだめです may look like a weird combination of a colloquial word and the polite\nform, but it can happen when a teacher say \"don't ...\" to their students, for\nexample.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T04:49:35.957",
"id": "61141",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T04:49:35.957",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61121",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61121
|
61141
|
61141
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61140",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What would be the correct way to say \"restoration of a broken relationship\"?\n関係 seems a bit sterile in the line of this poem I'm writing. 関係 feels like I'm\nreferring to the connection between two inanimate objects. Is there an\nalternately preferred verbiage for parent-child, spouses, lovers, or dating\nrelationships?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T16:24:22.603",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61122",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-28T05:04:51.390",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-28T05:04:51.390",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "31080",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What is the proper word for relationship?",
"view_count": 2762
}
|
[
{
"body": "関係 safely refers to a relationship between two people as well as two inanimate\nthings. It's perfectly fine to say 壊れた関係の修復 in daily writings. But if you want\na more colorful word, 繋がり and 絆 (\"bond\") may be considered.\n[よりを戻す](https://jisho.org/word/%E7%B8%92%E3%82%8A%E3%82%92%E6%88%BB%E3%81%99)\nis a common idiom but it's usable only in contexts related to romance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T04:40:38.360",
"id": "61140",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T04:40:38.360",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61122",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61122
|
61140
|
61140
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61129",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This sentence is a little baffling to me.\n\nThe context is that someone is responding to a question with this sentence.\n\nI have tried to translate, and so far I get this:\n\n> I wonder if the idea of words like these, any trouble?\n\nI'm pretty sure my translation is off. Like I said, this sentence is baffling\nto me.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T18:49:11.663",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61123",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T01:10:35.737",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T01:00:43.217",
"last_editor_user_id": "29607",
"owner_user_id": "29607",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does なんか文句あんのかな、何のお悩みか？ mean",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "> なんか文句あんのかな、何のお悩みか？ : (lit.) I wonder if you have a complain or something,\n> what is your concern?\n\nIt could be separated in two sentences like this:\n\n> なんか文句あんのかな。何のお悩みか？\n\nWhich would be better...\n\nAlso, あん is basically an oral contraction for ある.\n\nNow if you want to translate it in a natural English, you could probably omit\n\"I wonder\", use contractions in English as well (what is -> what's) etc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T01:10:35.737",
"id": "61129",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T01:10:35.737",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29939",
"parent_id": "61123",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61123
|
61129
|
61129
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61128",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I understand そう normally means \"seems that way\", \"I think so\", etc. In this\ncase, そう comes after どうして and before 私. Which word before or after should be\npaid attention to in this case to derive the meaning of そう? And if those words\ndon't matter, than what does そう mean in this sentence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T19:33:22.633",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61124",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T00:48:11.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30808",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage"
],
"title": "そう in \"あなたはどうしてそう私を心配させるの\"",
"view_count": 96
}
|
[
{
"body": "Newbie's answer, so I might be completely wrong...\n\nどうして is adverb and can't be modified by そう.\n\nAlso, そう can't modify 私, it should be そうな at least to do so, even if we only\nlook from grammar point of view.\n\nSo, the only possibility is that そう here used in different sense (it has\nmany), e.g. as adverb modifying final verb: (adv) (1) so; really\n\nResulting in translation: Why did you make me worry so (much)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T20:54:35.443",
"id": "61125",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-26T20:54:35.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30982",
"parent_id": "61124",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "そう is an adverb and is linked to the verb 心配させる. It basically is a less formal\nway of saying そのように (like that). You can translate it as \"so much\" if you want\na natural English, but IMO it is not the best way to interpret it.\n\n> あなたはどうしてそう私を心配させるの : Why do you make me worry like that/so much?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T00:48:11.673",
"id": "61128",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T00:48:11.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29939",
"parent_id": "61124",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61124
|
61128
|
61128
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61127",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I need some help with the meaning of とも in this sentence\n\n> とも言えますが\n\nI have tried looking the definition up but it doesn't seem to fit in this\ncontext.\n\nI have the first part roughly translated as\n\n> because its a time like this,\n\nbut the second part I'm not sure of. I know that the second part roughly\ntranslates to\n\n> it can be said/one can say\n\nbut I'm still not sure what the function of \nとも is here.\n\nFor context here is the whole sentence.\n\n> こんな時だから, とも言えますが, 四大会議四大国の王が集う唯一の機会",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-26T21:01:45.483",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61126",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T00:40:23.770",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-26T21:40:26.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "27610",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of とも in this sentence?",
"view_count": 349
}
|
[
{
"body": "と is the \"quotation\" particle. も is nothing more than just the particle you\nuse when you want to say \"me too\" (add up a thing or a person) -> 私も or\nexaggerate something -> 二回もやった（けど、...).\n\nIn this case, とも言えます basically means \"we could also say...\".\n\nAs for the beginning of the sentence, this is not really part of the question,\nbut you could put こんな時だから, inside parentheses if it helps you understand it\nbetter:\n\n> 「こんな時だから、...」とも言えますが、...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T00:40:23.770",
"id": "61127",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T00:40:23.770",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29939",
"parent_id": "61126",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61126
|
61127
|
61127
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61138",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to confirm a few things here\n\n> A「はいはい、わかったよ。ホントにいつでもいいから、気が向いたときに返してくれ」(B is insisting that she will\n> definitely return the money ~50k yen)\n>\n> B「今、その……気持ちだけでも！ 今はええっと……三千と、一円ならあるよ！」\n>\n> A もしかして俺が貸した金、まだ手をつけてないのか？\n>\n> A「いいよ、ホント。自分の金は大事にしまっとけって」\n>\n> B「じゃあ一円……？」\n>\n> A 「いやいらねーから！」\n>\n> B 「一円玉だって、コツコツ貯めれば結構貯まるもん！」\n\nA: ok ok, i get it, its all good, return it whenever you can/feel like it\n\nB: want to return some now , i got... 3k and 1 yen ? (i'm not sure how to read\n気持ちだけでも here)\n\nA(internally): could it be, she hasn't spent any of the money i lent her yet?\n(then how does she only have 3001 yen?)\n\nA: its fine, really, take care of your own money.\n\nB: then how about 1 yen...\n\nA: NO, not needed\n\nB: even if it's one yen (at a time?), if i diligently save, I'll save alot (at\nthis point i know i've lost something from the 三千と、一円ならあるよ line but i don't\nknow what it is)\n\nI'm probably not reading 今、その……気持ちだけでも！ 今はええっと……三千と、一円ならあるよ！ right, but can't\npin it down.\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:09:09.827",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61131",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T03:37:19.477",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T03:32:55.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"conversations"
],
"title": "Something lost in translation regarding returning money in this conversation",
"view_count": 95
}
|
[
{
"body": "気持ち can mean \"a little something to show my feeling/honesty/gratitude\". For\nexample,\n[気持ちばかりのものですが](https://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E6%B0%97%E6%8C%81%E3%81%A1%E3%81%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AE%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%E3%81%A7%E3%81%99%E3%81%8C)\nand [気持ちです](https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/12637/) are humble set\nphrases you can use when you present something. In this context, 気持ちだけでも means\n\"(although the amount of money is small,) I at least want to show the will to\nreturn the money (by paying a part of the debt now)!\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T03:04:55.293",
"id": "61138",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T03:37:19.477",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T03:37:19.477",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61131",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61131
|
61138
|
61138
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61137",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The second step of these stairs has a sticker that reads:\n\n> 一週間続いたあなた パワーアップ -1.2kcal\n\nWhat does it mean?\n\nIn particular, are \"パワーアップ\" and \"-1.2kcal\" parts of a sentence, and if yes how\ndoes \"-1.2kcal\" relate to \"一週間\"?\n\n_Note: I am not talking about the veracity of the claim, but strictly about\nthe semantic meaning of this sign, how it is expected to be understood._\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/F2nWi.jpg)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:30:36.820",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61135",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T03:47:37.507",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T02:38:51.100",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "107",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"sentence"
],
"title": "一週間続いたあなた パワーアップ -1.2kcal",
"view_count": 53
}
|
[
{
"body": "`-1.2kcal` and such refer to the amount of calorie you have consumed. Some\nlong stairs have similar signs. It's not grammatically related to the sentence\non the left.\n\nSince this is a message from the train operator, I think this is supposed to\nencourage passengers to use stairs instead of crowded escalators/elevators. It\nmeans \"If you have used these stairs for one week, you are (already a little)\nstronger!\".\n\n「一か月で実感！シェイプアップ」 is similar, \"If you have used these stairs for a month,\nyou'll realize you have become slimmer!\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T02:55:35.107",
"id": "61137",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T03:47:37.507",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T03:47:37.507",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61135",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61135
|
61137
|
61137
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In English it is quite common to use the expression \"to get the chair\" to\nrefer to the death penalty. For example:\n\n> He committed such a terrible crime, I hope **he gets the chair**. *\n\nThe word 絞首刑, \"death by hanging\", is the only Japanese word I know in this\nregard. Is there any slang (such as \"to get the rope\") that can be used to\nindicate someone who was/will be sentenced to death?\n\n* _This example is **by no means** related to me being in favor or against the death penalty._",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T03:22:24.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61139",
"last_activity_date": "2020-12-13T20:03:00.233",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-27T03:37:38.353",
"last_editor_user_id": "14205",
"owner_user_id": "14205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"expressions",
"slang"
],
"title": "Is there any slang for 絞首刑?",
"view_count": 390
}
|
[
{
"body": "There might be yakuza slang for it, but there isn’t a common phrase for it. My\ngut feeling is that death just isn’t something Japanese joke about as much as\neg Americans do.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-09-25T13:58:30.560",
"id": "61747",
"last_activity_date": "2018-09-25T13:58:30.560",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9306",
"parent_id": "61139",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61139
| null |
61747
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61148",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can someone tell me what \"あびて\" means? i'm trying to read japanese novel\n\"ムーミン谷の冬\" and there is sentence \"でも, 月の光を **あびて** , 雪がきれいな青い色に光っていました.\" I\nthink i understand everything else but not \"あびて\". Thank you for the answer!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T12:27:31.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61144",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T14:19:01.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31088",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "what あびて means?",
"view_count": 274
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 月の光をあびて, 雪がきれいな青い色に光っていました。\n\nThis あびて is the te-form of the verb 浴びる, meaning \"to bathe in\" etc. I don't\nknow how familiar you are with the te-form, but it can have many different\nfunctions. In this case it adverbially modifies the verb 光る. I would translate\nthis sentence as:\n\n> Being bathed in moonlight, the snow glittered with a pretty blue colour.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T14:19:01.637",
"id": "61148",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T14:19:01.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "61144",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61144
|
61148
|
61148
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61157",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the context of a C19th print of the actor Iwai Hanshirō, the publisher’s\nname and address is included: 長谷川丁十九バンチ 福田熊治良枚. How should the last character\n枚 that comes after _Hasegawachō jūku banchi Fukuda Kumajirō_ be understood and\nread? The references I have for 枚, _mai_ , are “counter for flat objects (e.g.\nsheets of paper),” or _bira_ , “bill, handbill, flier, leaflet, poster,\nplacard.” Why is it placed directly after the name of the publisher Fukuda\nKumajirō? I often see _shuppanjin_ (出版人), where the suffix _jin_ (人, じん)\nattaches to the name of the occupation, and there is also _hanmoto_ (版元).\n\n* * *\n\nEdit (after Naruto's request to include an image):\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/jG68n.png)\n\nThe characters in the cartouche were not all equally clear. I have increased\nthe contrast in Photoshop. Yes, the character is 板, not 枚.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T12:59:01.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61145",
"last_activity_date": "2018-12-20T17:28:35.783",
"last_edit_date": "2018-12-20T17:28:35.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "26637",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"kanji",
"readings",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "How to understand the last character 枚 in 福田熊治良枚",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "The kanji is 板, not 枚. It says:\n\n> 守川音治良画 = designed by 守川音治良 \n> 福田熊治良 **板** = printed/published by 福田熊治良\n\n板 means \"board\" in modern Japanese, but [板 was used like modern\n版](http://www.book-seishindo.jp/2012_tanq/tanq_2012B-08.pdf) (\"print\" or\n\"publish\") in the past. As for the reading, I'm not sure, but はん and ばん seem\nequally reasonable to me in this context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T03:42:57.367",
"id": "61157",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61145
|
61157
|
61157
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61151",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "この下の文章の「もらえりゃあいうことない」の意味がわかりませんでした。\n\n> 例）「そのうえ賞金 **もらえりゃあいうことない** なあ。」\n\nこの文章の文法を説明していただけませんか。\n\nよろしくお願いします。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T13:07:33.950",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61146",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T17:21:42.327",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27805",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "「もらえりゃあいうことない」の意味",
"view_count": 202
}
|
[
{
"body": "* りゃ is a colloquial contracted form of れば. See: [`eba`-to-`ya` contraction](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/12525/5010).\n * あ means almost nothing here, but is added for mild emphasis. It's the same あ after な at the end of this sentence. It has nothing to do with ああ (\"that way\").\n * いうことない is 言うこと **は** ない (\"I have nothing to say\", \"There is nothing to complain\").\n\n> そのうえ賞金もらえりゃあいうことないなあ。 \n> = そのうえ、賞金もらえれば、言うことはないな。 \n> If I can even get a bounty, there is nothing to complain, huh?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T17:21:42.327",
"id": "61151",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T17:21:42.327",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61146",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61146
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61151
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61151
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context: The speaker is talking to his friend who was surprise attacked by an\nenemy despite this enemy being the speaker's acquaintance from bygone days,\nhis friend asks him for an explanation as to why this guy is attacking them\nwhen they should be on friendly terms, to which he replies:\n\n> 過去がどうであろうと、今の俺を殺せる奴は殺せるってだけの話\n\nI'm wondering what the author is trying to imply with by repeating 殺せる? All I\ncan come up with is \"regardless of what the past is like, a person who can\nkill the current me, can kill me, that's all there is to it.\" This doesn't\nseem to make sense?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T16:32:15.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61149",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T19:47:55.113",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31091",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"parsing"
],
"title": "What does the double use of \"殺せる\" mean here?",
"view_count": 203
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think there are two ways to interpret this.\n\nYou can express the nuance of \"what happens happens\" or \"don't worry about\nsomething beyond your control\" by repeating a verb, like so:\n\n> * 死ぬ奴は死ぬ。 \n> Those who will die will die (and there is nothing we can do for it).\n> * 他人のことは気にするな、できる人はできる。 \n> Don't worry about those who are already capable (i.e., think about\n> yourself).\n> *\n> [なるようになる](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B%E6%A7%98%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B)。\n>\n\nSo 俺を殺せる奴は殺せる can mean \"Whether you like it or not, there are people who can\nkill me.\"\n\nAlternatively, you can think the first 殺せる expresses a capability and the\nsecond 殺せる expresses a reluctant allowance. \"Anyone who is able to kill me may\nwell do it\" or \"Those who can kill me have the right to do so.\"\n\nYou can choose whichever fits the context. Probably it mainly depends on how\nseriously this person accepts his death.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T17:06:43.680",
"id": "61150",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T19:47:55.113",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61149",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61149
| null |
61150
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61154",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "From\n[here](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10011595251000/k10011595251000.html):\n\n> このスポーツは、海の上を走る水上オートバイから足に付けたボードにホースで水を送って、ボードから出る水の強い力で空中を飛びます。 \n> **In** this sport you fly through the air using the force of water ejected\n> from a board attached to the feet. Water is sent to the board using a hose\n> from a jet ski that runs along the surface of the sea. ( _Wow. I couldn't\n> get that into just one English sentence._ )\n\nSometimes I see a sentence where the topic appears to serve no grammatical\nfunction in the rest of the sentence. This seems to be one of those cases.\nNormally the topic serves as the subject or object of one of the verbs in the\nsentence, or sometimes it can be adverbial.\n\nIn my English translation I used \" **In** this sport\" so that the topic\nadverbially acts on 飛ぶ. If I'd tried to write this sentence in Japanese I'd\nsimilarly have begun with このスポーツ **で** は. Would I be wrong to do that? Am I\nmissing something in the way I think about topics?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T19:12:16.310",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61152",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T23:11:37.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は",
"topic"
],
"title": "Sentence topic without grammatical function",
"view_count": 257
}
|
[
{
"body": "The fact that you translate it in a natural English by \" **in** this sport\"\ndoesn't mean that it's the correct way to interpret it. I think you already\nknow it but I can't stress enough how important it is to differentiate \"\n_translation_ \" and \" _interpretation_ \".\n\nTranslation is basically re-writing something in another language keeping more\nor less the original meaning of the sentence. It doesn't have to be the\nequivalent, carry out the same degree of formality/politeness etc. It can be\nanything as long as it's coherent. Some translators completely change the\nmeaning of some sentences just to keep a certain coherence and avoid confusion\n(example: jokes which are pretty hard to translate from one language to\nanother).\n\nInterpretation is what you think of when you see/hear something. It doesn't\nmatter whether it's natural (or even coherent) or not.\n\nAnyway, here while は can be translated as \" **in** \", I think to properly\ninterpret it you should see it as being nothing more than a \"subject\n(re-)introducer\". It introduces the subject of the sentence (what is going to\nbe talked about) and that's all. And since it's what is being talked about, it\nis obviously linked to a verb or adjective. But it's not linked as in\n\"adverbially linked\" but rather as in \"semantically linked\". It doesn't really\nimpact how the action of the verb will be executed.\n\nYou can try removing it from the sentence:\n\n> 海の上を走る水上オートバイから足に付けたボードにホースで水を送って、ボードから出る水の強い力で空中を飛びます。\n\nIt's not wrong but we don't really know what we're talking about here, even in\nyour article where we know what the topic is, without a theme for the sentence\nit's a bit weird.\n\nTo sum it up, このスポーツ **は** here is used to reintroduce an information that\nthey brought up in a previous sentence, and make it the main subject of this\nnew sentence. The previous sentence being in this case:\n\n> ２６日、香川県坂出市の海で、水の力で空中を飛ぶ **スポーツ** をしていた４１歳の男性が亡くなりました。\n\nNow as for このスポーツでは, it's fine. And to me in this case, で carries a nuance of\nlimit, so では would mean something along the lines of \"with **in** \". And while\nwe're at it, I think that your translation \" **in** this sport\" would be more\naccurate for このスポーツでは than for このスポーツは. I would actually translate the は in\nyour sentence by:\n\n> このスポーツは、海の上を走る水上オートバイから足に付けたボードにホースで水を送って、ボードから出る水の強い力で空中を飛びます。 : This sport\n> consists of...\n\nWhich to me seems more accurate knowing the context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-27T21:02:54.397",
"id": "61153",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-27T21:02:54.397",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29939",
"parent_id": "61152",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "Since this is in a formal article, I personally think this is a poorly-written\nsentence that has a subject-predicate mismatch. It should have been either of\nthe following:\n\n * このスポーツ **は** 、(略)水の力で空中を飛ぶ **ものです** 。\n * このスポーツ **では** 、(略)水の力で空中を飛びます。\n\nJapanese is a topic-prominent language, and sometimes このスポーツは空中を飛びます can be\nperfectly acceptable as an _eel sentence_ , particularly in speech. For\nexample it's perfectly fine to say\nウェイクボードはジャンプするだけですが[フライボード](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyboard)は空中を飛びます.\nFor details, please see\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/48986/5010) and\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/44053/5010). That said, I believe\neel sentences should be avoided when you formally describe a complex idea and\nthere is no contrast nor repetition.\n\n* * *\n\nAdmittedly, there are a few native speakers who do this even in formal\nsituations, so the level of acceptance may vary.\n\n * (questionable) 最大の問題は予算がありません。\n * (good) 最大の問題は予算がないことです。／最大の問題として予算がありません。\n * (questionable) 原因は、日付をよく確認しませんでした。\n * (good) 原因は、日付をよく確認しなかったことです。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T01:51:25.280",
"id": "61154",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T04:27:19.517",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T04:27:19.517",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61152",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "A topic IS NOT necessarily the subject of the sentence. There is no equivalent\nof a topic in English.\n\nAccording to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 21: Roughly\nspeaking, the topic of a sentence is what the sentence is about.\n\nYou can find sentences where the topic has not syntactic function.\n\nFor example: 像は鼻が長い. Literally it means \"speaking of elephants, the nose is\nlong.\" But in English you would say \"the nose of the elephant is long\".\n\nSo このスポーツは introduces the topic of the following sentences: \"Speaking about\nthis sport\". But the word \"sport\" will not necessarily be the subject or\nobject or adverb of any of the sentences that follow, even though all those\nsentences will be about sport.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T23:11:37.943",
"id": "61988",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T23:11:37.943",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61152",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61152
|
61154
|
61154
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61156",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm translating a Q&A session for some friends (link\n[here](https://www.mitsudomoe-anime.com/mitsugonikike/an03.html)), and I'm\nhaving a bit of trouble with this question:\n\n> Q: みっちゃんは地デジ対応ですか？\n>\n> A: ち、地デジ……？ ふ、ふふん、残念ながら、私の口には合わなかったわね！\n\nI translated these as the following:\n\n> Q: Do you have digital broadcasting at home, Micchan?\n>\n> A: D-digital broadcasting..? Heh, heheh... I'm sorry to say that it just\n> isn't for me!\n\nI took 対応 as \"dealing with\" (or having), and 合わなかった as \"something I didn't\nagree with\".\n\nI have no idea what 私の口 means in this sentence, which makes me feel like I'm\nmissing something crucial in this conversation.\n\nHow should these be translated?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T02:56:28.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61155",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T03:17:56.110",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T03:09:03.867",
"last_editor_user_id": "31095",
"owner_user_id": "31095",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Help Translating 私の口には合わなかった",
"view_count": 175
}
|
[
{
"body": "It seems to me that みっちゃん did not understand what 地デジ meant and probably\nthought it was some sort of food. In her response it looks like she was just\npretending to know what it was, maybe to avoid embarrassment. 口に合う or 合わない\nbasically means to like or dislike the taste of food or drink.\n\nAs for 対応, みっちゃん is being asked if she (her tv, house, etc) can handle 地デジ, so\nI think that your translation is good.\n\np.s. How about Mitchan? I think it's a closer approximation to the sound of\nみっちゃん.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T03:17:56.110",
"id": "61156",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "30554",
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"score": 4
}
] |
61155
|
61156
|
61156
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61163",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "On <https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/ha-vs-ga-five-points-you-need-\nto-know/> there is this sentence:\n\n> オレンジは好き\n\nIt’s explained as “this indicates that you like oranges, but don’t like other\nfruits very much; that is to say, you generally don’t like fruits”. User4092\nwrote that this is not an accurate explanation and that it can imply that the\nspeaker doesn’t like some fruits.\n\nI will repeat my question here:\n\nShould I read it as “when it comes to fruits, I like oranges the most” or\n“when it comes to fruits, I mainly like oranges”? It seems to me that the\nlatter is more correct as “I like oranges the most” does not imply that the\nspeaker doesn’t like some other fruit. I mean if someone told me this and I'd\nlike to buy him/her something fruit-flavoured should I assume that it would be\nbest to not buy anything that is not orange-flavoured as the probability that\nhe/she would not like its taste will be high?\n\nIt seems that the former isn’t the right way to understand it. \nHow much can I read form は when it’s used as a topic marker? Do people use it\nto imply things? Or is it best to not look too deep into that kind of\nsentence?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T05:22:56.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61159",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T22:53:10.193",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T13:46:27.887",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "31035",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Can は imply more than just topic?",
"view_count": 213
}
|
[
{
"body": "It depends on contexts.\n\n```\n\n A: 果物で何か好きなものはありますか？\n B: そうですね…果物は…例えば、オレンジは好きですね…\n \n```\n\nIn this case, contrast of this topic is not so strong as to imply that the\nspeaker dislikes other fruits, at most, contrastive in the sense that you\ndon't know about the others.\n\n```\n\n A: もしかして、果物が嫌いなんですか？\n B: いや、オレンジは好きですよ？ オレンジはね。\n \n```\n\nThis time, the speaker bothers to make it explicit that what s/he says is\napplied to oranges, which implies that s/he may not like fruits in general,\ncombined with the background context.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T09:18:54.610",
"id": "61163",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T13:45:18.680",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T13:45:18.680",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61159",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "It does mark the topic, but the topic is not always the subject of the\nsentence. Instead, it can distinguish from other possibilities. The ugly go-to\ntranslation of は is \"as for\" - in this case, you would read it something like\n\"As for oranges, I like them ...\", implying that there are other things the\nspeaker doesn't like (and context would help understand whether that's\ndescribing other fruit, or colours, or English loan words, or whatever).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T00:30:26.253",
"id": "61172",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T00:30:26.253",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16022",
"parent_id": "61159",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "According to \"A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar\", page 516: \nは: a particle which marks a topic or a contrastive element.\n\nSo は DOESN'T ALWAYS indicate the topic. \nBesides the topic, it can also indicate a contrastive element.\n\nIn the sentence below: \nオレンジは好き \nhe may be comparing oranges with other fruits, implying that he may not like\nfruits in general, but oranges are an exception.\n\nSo the wasabi website is actually correct.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T22:53:10.193",
"id": "61986",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T22:53:10.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61159",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61159
|
61163
|
61163
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was talking with my japanese penpal and he wrote to me 精一杯頑張ってきますよ! after I\nwrote him おはようございます！お仕事頑張ってきてね！ because he told me he was going to work. I\ndon't know if there's an answer or not. In English of course I would not\nrespond as there's no answer to \"I'll do my best\". But as we are talking in\nJapanese and not English, I would like to know if there's a way to respond or\nnot.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T06:36:26.253",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61160",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-17T07:14:46.790",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T07:30:26.383",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "27984",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"expressions",
"colloquial-language",
"culture"
],
"title": "How to answer to 精一杯頑張ってきます?",
"view_count": 217
}
|
[
{
"body": "Usually I'd say it depends on the person's way of speaking, but here I feel\nlike any reply would be \"too much\". At best, you can reply with a smiling face\nand keep it simple.\n\nOther than that, if you really want to talk to him/her, you can change the\ntopic, even though after this kind of conversation where there's not really\nmuch going on, it might feel like you're trying too hard to talk to him/her,\nand it'd end up being weird.\n\nOr you can try to make a \"joke\" like \"Lend me some motivation haha\" and\nhopefully (s)he will reply with a more creative message...\n\nBut to be honest I feel like this kind of things is common to every language.\n\nEdit: Now since some time has passed maybe you could send お疲れ様です as suggested\n(assuming (s)he has finished work) but that's not really part of the question\nsince it'd be a completely different conversation",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T15:39:29.810",
"id": "61167",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "29939",
"parent_id": "61160",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61160
| null |
61167
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "\"A: いつごろ切符を予約しましたか。 B: ３か月前です” why should it be です but not でした?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T08:00:42.460",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61161",
"last_activity_date": "2021-04-30T12:39:01.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26962",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "\"A: いつごろ切符を予約しましたか。 B: ３か月前です” why should it be です but not でした?",
"view_count": 211
}
|
[
{
"body": "Because でした implies that the state (予約した) has changed.\n\n３か月前です means: \"Three months ago\"\n\n３か月前でした is a bit non-sensical. It means something like this: \"I booked it\nthree months ago, but something happened after booking, and now for some\nreason it is no longer three months ago that it was booked.\"\n\nでした is used to convey subjective feeling, for example:\n\nQ. 地震はどうでしたか？\n\nA. 大変でした\n\nor\n\nQ. 映画はどうでしたか？\n\nA. 最高でした\n\nFor a factual question like: \"When did you book your ticket?\", there is no\nroom for the subjective feeling that でした implies.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T05:18:59.710",
"id": "61176",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T05:18:59.710",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31105",
"parent_id": "61161",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "This is where the two languages slightly differ in the treatment of\npast/present tenses.\n\nThink of it like, \"It _is_ (present tense, not paste tense _was_ ) true that\nthe ticket I hold in my hands now was purchased three months ago.\"\n\nToddP's answer's actually right. using past tense でした implies something has\nchanged.\n\nThis is something you just have to get used to until it's second nature. Just\nsay 3か月前です and get used to it. The implication is that by using present tense,\nyou are alluding to the current validity of the ticket you have, and you are\nstating the property of the ticket. Like it's beije. Like it's thick. LIke\nit's from JR. Like it's purchased by you. And the duration of you having it is\n3 months. Getting the idea?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2021-04-30T12:39:01.090",
"id": "86403",
"last_activity_date": "2021-04-30T12:39:01.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "14444",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
61161
| null |
86403
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "> 日本での生活は楽しいです。\n\nI'm not sure about the usage of の here. Is 日本で生活は楽しいです。correct?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T13:28:40.193",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61166",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T13:43:34.587",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T13:43:34.587",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "Confused about this usage of の",
"view_count": 35
}
|
[] |
61166
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61169",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> しかし、 **幼くして** 彼女はどこか **醒めている**\n> ところがあり、真里亞が上機嫌に魔法のことを語るのを聞きながら、そんなものが本当にあるわけがないとも思っていた。\n\nWhy is it 幼くして, not 幼い彼女は・・・ ? What about 醒める here ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T15:50:45.630",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61168",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T16:48:06.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20501",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "Meaning of 幼くして and 醒めている",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "I'll talk about 「醒{さ}めている」 first. In this context, it means \" ** _(very)\nrealistic_** \" or \"level-headed\". The little girl is not dreamy as one might\ntend to expect.\n\nMoving on to 「幼{おさな}くして」...\n\nIt means \" ** _at a tender/early age_** \" or more plainly, \"for her age\" in\nthis context. I tried to explain the nuance of 「～～にして」 here:\n\n[Difference between 六歳にして and\n六歳で](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/53725/difference-\nbetween-%e5%85%ad%e6%ad%b3%e3%81%ab%e3%81%97%e3%81%a6-and-%e5%85%ad%e6%ad%b3%e3%81%a7)\n\n> Why is it 幼くして, not 幼い彼女は・・・ ?\n\nBecause the author wants to imply that it is rather rare for such a young girl\nto be 醒めている.\n\nIf one used 「幼い彼女は」, it would make it sound as if it were quite normal for\nvery young girls to be 醒めている.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T16:48:06.350",
"id": "61169",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T16:48:06.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61168",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61168
|
61169
|
61169
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61171",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Context is that protagonist suddenly found himself in unusual place/situation\nand trying to understand where he is and how he can possibly got there. After\nsome rejected ideas he \"thinks\" this. (Situation in no way is related to\n\"lever\").\n\n\"Complete\" sentence is:\n\n> てことは――。\n\nI'm not even sure if it should be read as て こと は or てこ と は. Both variants\nseems to make no sense. From context I suspect that it may be some swear, but\nedict has many swear words, but not this...\n\nAny suggestions?\n\nedit: added context",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T18:20:35.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61170",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T19:15:46.390",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T18:44:30.647",
"last_editor_user_id": "30982",
"owner_user_id": "30982",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of \"てこと\"?",
"view_count": 2046
}
|
[
{
"body": "てことは is a more informal version of\n[ということは](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n2-grammar-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF-to-iu-\nkoto-wa/), which means \"That is to say ...\" or \"What this means is ...\".\n梃子【てこ】 (\"lever\") is not relevant as all.\n\nて (or って in the middle of a sentence) is a colloquial particle that works like\nと or という. て/という refers to what has been mentioned in the previous context. You\nmay have seen sentences that start with という, like in というのは, というわけで, と聞きました,\netc.\n\n> えっ？ てことは、君はまだ学生なのか？ \n> Wait, does that mean you're still a student?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-28T18:58:28.157",
"id": "61171",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-28T19:15:46.390",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-28T19:15:46.390",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61170",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
] |
61170
|
61171
|
61171
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61174",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Isn't の at the end considered feminine? Also, what should I use if I want to\nsound masculine or gender neutral?\n\nSee:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/AHUA0.jpg)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T02:33:31.940",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61173",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T07:53:46.830",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T02:59:42.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "27223",
"owner_user_id": "27223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Why do I often see guys saying 何をしているの",
"view_count": 585
}
|
[
{
"body": "That chart is not incorrect but maybe a little misleading. Here's my\nimpression (I dropped を and い because it's usually dropped in informal\nsentences):\n\n * 何してるの？: gender neutral, very common\n * 何してるんだ？: masculine, highly blunt, can be accusatory\n * 何してるんだい？: masculine, gentle, mainly in fiction\n * 勉強してるの。/ テレビ見てるの。: feminine, mainly in fiction\n * 勉強してるんだ。/ テレビ見てるんだ。: masculine, blunt, mainly in fiction\n\nIn the real world, 勉強をしているの and 勉強をしているんだ are both uncommon. People usually\nsimply omit の (e.g., \"勉強。\", \"勉強してる。\", \"テレビ見てる。\" as an answer to \"何してるの？\"). If\nthey really need the nuance of の, they add something else after の/のだ (e.g.,\n\"勉強してるんだけど。\", \"勉強してるんだよね。\", \"勉強してんねん。 (kansai)\").",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T04:54:28.753",
"id": "61174",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T06:05:21.560",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T06:05:21.560",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61173",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "I agree with the discussion at the link that DXV sent. I also agree with DVX's\nimplication that the image you sent may be outdated. Please let me elaborate:\n\nFor the specific phrase:\n\n何をしているの？\n\nI think the tone of one's voice is more important than the actual use of の at\nthe end. It is possible to say this in a masculine way, a feminine way, and a\ngender-neutral way, simply by modulating your voice.\n\nI also think that the image is missing an important third possibility:\n\n何をしているんだ。\n\nThis sounds masculine to me, and\n\n何をしているんだい？\n\nsounds like an older man.\n\nConsidering the image you sent, if I knew:\n\n * There are two people\n * One is a man and one is a woman\n * Person A asked 何をしているの？ and Person B asked 何をしているんだい？\n\nthen I would say:\n\n * It highly likely that Person A is the woman and Person B is the man\n * It's quite likely that Person B is an older man.\n\nHowever, this doesn't mean it is always possible to associate 何をしているの？ with a\nspecific gender.\n\nSo I think an updated version of the image you sent might say:\n\n何をしているんだい？ (likely an older male)\n\n何をしているんだ (likely a young male)\n\n何をしているの？ (male or female)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T05:07:54.927",
"id": "61175",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T05:07:54.927",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31105",
"parent_id": "61173",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Using ん or の indicates a reason when giving an answer. An answer for a reason\nwould end for \"~のです\" for \"that's why...\". ん is more common is spoken\n(informal) language and the です is either omitted or changed to だ.\n\nThus the question \"何{なに}している **の**?\" is asking the reason for \"what are you\ndoing?\" or \"what are you doing **that for**?\". Notice that it gives emphasis\nin much the way as the phrase in English. Of course, this is also achieved\nwith tone of voice. If you aren't sure which to use \"何{なに}し[ている]{LLH}?\" with a\nrising pitch accent is gender neutral.\n\nIt is acceptable for men to use the \"feminine\" forms at times but it is\nconsidered more blunt if women use the \"masculine\" form. Notice that feminine\nform more closely resembles the polite \"何{なに}をしている **の** ですか？\" as it would be\nwritten. In general, using だ instead of です is more often used by men in\nJapanese.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T07:48:41.780",
"id": "61183",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T07:53:46.830",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T07:53:46.830",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "61173",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61173
|
61174
|
61174
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61180",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In [this part of this Wikipedia\narticle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansai_dialect#Existence_verbs), it\nstates\n\n> In other areas such as Hyogo and Mie, いる /iru/ is hardly used and おる /oru/\n> does not have the negative usage.\n\nWhat I want to know is, does this statement mean that おる is used in nearly all\nof the instances いる would be used in Standard Japanese? Does おる also replace\nthe duties of ある? How does おる work in Hyogo and Mie?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T05:48:00.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61178",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T08:16:32.963",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"dialects",
"word-usage",
"subsidiary-verbs",
"kansai-ben"
],
"title": "Existence verbs in the Kansai Dialect",
"view_count": 685
}
|
[
{
"body": "That statement basically only applies for おる as a simple existence verb. [Non-\nhumble おる](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/26091/5010) is very common in\nKansai. As a subsidiary verb, various forms including とる/ちょる/よる are commonly\nused instead of standard (～て)いる, but there are considerable regional\nvariations even inside Kansai. See [this\ndiscussion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/28277/5010).\n\n> * 太郎はおる。 \n> There is Taro. / Taro is here. (≒太郎はいる)\n> * 太郎は来とる。 \n> [Chugoku/Shikoku] Taro has (already) arrived. (≒太郎は来ている) \n> [Osaka/Kyoto] Taro is (now) coming. / Taro has (already) arrived.\n> (≒太郎は来ている)\n> * 太郎は来よる。 \n> [Chugoku/Shikoku] Taro is (now) coming. (≒太郎は来ている) \n> [Osaka/Kyoto] (Damn,) Taro will come! (≒太郎は来やがる)\n>\n\nおる does not replace ある for inanimate objects. 本がおる is incorrect. (The article\nsays the opposite (先生がある) happens in parts of Wakayama, but I'm not familiar\nwith that.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T06:31:07.157",
"id": "61180",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T08:16:32.963",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T08:16:32.963",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61178",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] |
61178
|
61180
|
61180
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61191",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "i'm asking myself what 運を消費していく means?\n\nContext: My penpal won concert tickets and i congragulated him with\nおめでとうございます！ and he responded with ありがとうございます!!運を消費していく. Unfortunately i had\nnot the time to ask him because he was busy. I looked it up and saw the\nliteral translation is something like consuming luck. Is it an expression,\nbecause for me if i understand it correctly it means for i used my luck or\nsomething similar, am i right or wrong?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T07:12:26.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61181",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T16:24:34.720",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T15:44:54.113",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "27984",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What does 運を消費していく mean?",
"view_count": 190
}
|
[
{
"body": "運を消費していく is not an idiomatic set phrase, and this ていく part strikes me as odd,\ntoo. Anyway, I think it should mean either \"I've been consuming my luck (a bit\ntoo much just for tickets)\" or \"I will keep spending my luck (to win more\ntickets)!\"\n\n * 消費する is indeed \"consume\" or \"spend\". Unlike 使う, 消費 implies your luck will \"run out\" after you have used it. Of course this is technically illogical because \"luck\" is not something that can be stocked or consumed, but many people jokingly treat \"luck\" as if it were finite resource that decreases after some lucky event. If something really happy happened to someone, it's common to say 一生分の運を使い果たした (\"I have used up my lifetime's worth of luck\").\n * (て)いく should be a subsidiary verb that means \"gradually over time\" here (see: [Difference between -ていく and -てくる](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/676/5010)). If your penpal really said 消費していく instead of 消費した, it means 消費 is not a one-time event but a continuous action. That is to say, he is somehow expecting even more \"lucky\" events in exchange for his remaining luck, whether he likes it or not.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T16:24:34.720",
"id": "61191",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T16:24:34.720",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61181",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61181
|
61191
|
61191
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61193",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In English figurative meaning of word usually marked with quotation marks like\nthis:\n\n> The motherboard is sometimes considered the \"brain\" of a computer.\n\nI know that in Japanese quotation marks usually used for emphasis. But do they\nalso used to mark figurative meaning or some other method is used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T09:01:21.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61186",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T22:19:24.747",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T09:20:41.973",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "30982",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"orthography"
],
"title": "Marking figurative meaning of word",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, Japanese quotation marks (`「」`) can be used to enclose non-literal or\nfigurative expressions.\n\n> マザーボードはしばしばコンピュータの「頭脳」と見なされる。\n\nDouble corner brackets (`『』`) and Western-style double-quotes (`“ ”`)are also\ncommonly used for this purpose. [This\narticle](https://www.japanesewithanime.com/2017/05/quotation-marks-\njapanese.html) seems good.\n\nBut please don't think take this as a hard rule. As a matter of fact, Japanese\npeople use brackets fairly loosely. Quotation marks are not strongly\nassociated with sarcasm, either. See the following questions.\n\n * [「」 don't seem to be 'quotation marks' in news article titles, what do they mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/29341/5010)\n * [Do Japanese people use quotation marks for emphasis?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21274/5010)\n\n(By the way, the \"brain\" of a PC is usually a CPU, isn't it?)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T17:08:10.507",
"id": "61193",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T17:08:10.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61186",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "Usually 傍点(ぼうてん) is used. \n傍点 are small dots used like furigana, and put above or on the side of the word\nyou want to emphasize.\n\nExample: \n傍点{・・}\n\nFrequently they can mean sarcasm. \nUnfortunately you cannot 傍点 in text files. \nOnly on computer files that allow furigana, like Word files.\n\n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/傍点/#je-69567](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/%E5%82%8D%E7%82%B9/#je-69567) \n<https://www.724685.com/weekly/qa120328.htm> \n[https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/202293/meaning/m1u/傍点/](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/202293/meaning/m1u/%E5%82%8D%E7%82%B9/) \n[https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/圏点](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8F%E7%82%B9)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-10-05T22:19:24.747",
"id": "61985",
"last_activity_date": "2018-10-05T22:19:24.747",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18157",
"parent_id": "61186",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61186
|
61193
|
61193
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61189",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I struggle emotionally with this topic because it's something I love to do in\nEnglish and Spanish. Yet Japanese (afaik) deem personification grammatically\nincorrect because non-living things don't have wills of their own.\n\nI have a few questions about this topic:\n\n 1. Is personification commonly understood? If I had an acquaintance or friend and I told them something like \"太陽に殺される\". How widely understood would it be that I'm playfully saying it's terribly hot that day? I feel like it would be okay in casual conversations right?\n\n 2. In books or novels, is it normal for authors to write personifications?\n\n 3. Is it really considered grammatically incorrect to write personifications? I feel like it wouldn't be if they knew you were intentionally writing it rather than by mistake as long as the sentence structure was sound.\n\nBonus: I like to use this kind of humor, how do I cope with what seems to be\nlack of personification in Japanese writing? _sad_ (I've never come across it,\nthen again stuff like that isn't shown in study material I guess. Although it\nis taught in English writing)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T11:26:35.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61188",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T14:42:20.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3568",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Clarification on personification in Japanese",
"view_count": 595
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's perfectly fine to say 太陽に殺される in Japanese. By \"non-living things don't\nhave wills\", perhaps you are referring to [this grammatical\ntendency](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/32449/5010)? While it's a good\nidea to keep this tendency in mind while making ordinary sentences in a\nnatural way, a rhetorical device such as personification is a different story.\nYou can form personificated sentences like 山が呼んでいる, 海が怒っている, 本が泣いている as far as\nyour creativity allows. You can even [use いる with a talking\ntree](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/52598/5010).\n\nThat being said, each language has its own common ways of forming rhetorical\nexpressions, and I cannot guarantee everything that makes sense in your\nlanguage will also make sense in Japanese if translated too literally.\nActually, ～に殺される is not as common as English \"(something) is killing me\", and\nthere are many Japanese articles that explain how English speakers like this\n\"killing me\" (for example [this](https://www.ryugaku-\nhalohalo.com/eng/idiomatic-word/killing-me/) and\n[this](http://engspeak.com/native/5413/)) in daily conversations.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T14:28:51.707",
"id": "61189",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T14:42:20.003",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-29T14:42:20.003",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61188",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61188
|
61189
|
61189
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61192",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to translate this sentence\n\n> 当選者の発表は、商品の発送をもって代えさせていただきます。\n\nI know that をもって here means something like で\n\nBut I really can't understand the meaning of it and also what are some\npossible contexts.\n\nPlease help translate.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T16:13:36.643",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61190",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T16:41:31.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30549",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "代えさせていただきます sentence translation",
"view_count": 255
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「当選者{とうせんしゃ}の発表{はっぴょう}は、商品{しょうひん}の発送{はっそう}をもって代{か}えさせていただきます。」\n\nThis is an extremely famous sentence used in prize contests and sweepstakes.\n\n「代える」 here means \"to substitute\".\n\nThe sentence talks about taking the liberty of substituting the actual\nshipping of the prizes for the public announcements of the winners. That is\nthe literal meaning of it.\n\nA more natural TL woud be:\n\n> \"Only winners will be notified.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T16:41:31.757",
"id": "61192",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-29T16:41:31.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "61190",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
61190
|
61192
|
61192
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61209",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In broadcasts, Japanese readings of kanji are used for Chinese names while\nKorean readings of kanji are used for Korean names. Is there any reason for\nthis?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T17:20:35.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61194",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-30T12:15:31.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "30858",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"readings",
"chinese"
],
"title": "Why 習近平 is しゅうきんぺい while 文在寅 is むんじぇいん?",
"view_count": 218
}
|
[
{
"body": "Directly, it's because they (Korean) asked us to reflect the pronunciation.\nUse of kanji over katakana per se is for the sake of convenience on Japanese\nside.\n\nIn the background, there are their circumstances where they have been using\nless and less kanji and can no longer really recognize their own names through\nkanji.\n\nThere are even football players whose name doesn't have kanji. e.g.\n[차두리](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%AA),\n[윤빛가람](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%B9%E3%83%93%E3%83%83%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-30T12:15:31.893",
"id": "61209",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-30T12:15:31.893",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "61194",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
61194
|
61209
|
61209
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In this poem, I want to say \"...is the cycle of fall foliage\", but I'm not\nsure if meguri is a good choice. I do not want to use katakana.\n\n。。。は秋の葉の巡り（めぐり）\n\nBy the way, I'm still learning this app. Thanks for everyone's help!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T17:20:47.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61195",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-31T02:38:01.040",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "31080",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese",
"poetry"
],
"title": "What is the best word choice for \"cycle\"?",
"view_count": 127
}
|
[
{
"body": "So I'm assuming you're trying to express the beautiful redness of\n[紅葉](https://jisho.org/search/%E7%B4%85%E8%91%89). In general, 巡り itself is a\nnice word that is suitable for poetry, but it's strongly associated with\n\"cycling\" (i.e. \"red, blue, yellow, red, blue, ...\", \"north, south, north,\nsouth, ...\" or \"winter, spring, summer, fall, winter, ...\"). 葉の巡り is not\nsomething we usually say, and it's unlikely to suggest 紅葉 because a red leaf\nnever turns back to green. (秋の葉 suggests 紅葉 anyway, but 巡り kind of hinders\nsuch an interpretation.) If you want to suggest the color red without directly\nsaying red, how about something like 色づく秋の葉 and 秋に染まる葉?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-31T02:19:15.647",
"id": "61212",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-31T02:38:01.040",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-31T02:38:01.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61195",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
61195
| null |
61212
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61200",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been plugging away on novel translations for years now and figure I\nshould ask more questions about it around here, since the freelance life does\nnot make it easy to network with people.\n\nMy question today regards when the subject of the sentence is moved to the end\nof a phrase. Take the following sentence (taken from the novel I'm currently\nworking through):\n\n>\n> ロンドン市内{しない}で『騎士派{きしは}』の連中{れんちゅう}を踏{ふ}み潰{つぶ}すべくゴーレム＝エリスを放{はな}ったシェリーだったが、どこかで意識{いしき}が途絶{とだ}えていた。\n\nObviously, the subject of this sentence is シェリー (Sherry), as it is her doing\nthe action in the first phrase, and the second phrase is regarding her.\nHowever, instead of writing it in a more standard way:\n\n> シェリーはロンドン市内で『騎士派』の連中を踏み潰すべくゴーレム＝エリスを放ったが、どこかで意識が途絶えていた。\n\nthe author opts to place シェリー at the end of the phrase. My question is, what\nsort of nuance does this have? For example, I'm familiar with this type of\ninversion of action and subject:\n\n> ロンドン市内で『騎士派』の連中を踏み潰すべくゴーレム＝エリスを放った **のは** シェリーだったが、どこかで意識が途絶えていた。\n\nIn that case, the emphasis is on **who** exactly was the one who did the\naction, as though it was a question the author is answering. This works much\nthe same as the equivalent grammatical structure in English.\n\nHowever, I'm not sure if what the author wrote is different from that, and if\nit is, how it's different. My gut instinct is to translate this in the same\nway as the のは construction:\n\n> Sherry had been the one to...\n>\n> It was Sherry who had...\n\nBut I'm not honestly sure this would properly communicate the nuance involved.\nObviously it would depend on context. What I'm getting from the sentence is\nthat she knew that logically she had performed this action, but she wasn't\nconscious for the whole thing.\n\nThis author tends to use this construction very frequently, much more\nfrequently than other authors I've read. (In fact, I counted about 10\ninstances of it for just the protagonist's name in this one book.) I also\nfrequently see it simply to end a sentence, such as in:\n\n> ほとんど窒息{ちっそく}しそうになり、生命{いのち}の危機{きき}を回避{かいひ}するために仕方{しかた}なく咀嚼{そしゃく}を始{はじ}めるシェリー。\n\nI believe this is the same construction. What's the nuance here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T20:34:49.827",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61196",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-30T01:44:56.470",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "263",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"translation",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Nuance when the subject is moved to the end of the phrase",
"view_count": 368
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 1. シェリーはゴーレムを放ったが、…\n> 2. ゴーレムを放ったのはシェリーだが、…\n> 3. ゴーレムを放ったシェリーだが、…\n>\n\nSentence 2 is a plain old [cleft\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/19208/5010), I think you\nunderstand it well.\n\nSentence 3 is a \"体言止め-like\" expression which is basically more vivid and\ndramatic than 1. Grammatically speaking, it's just a long relative clause that\nmodifies シェリー. By definition, 体言止め refers only to ending a whole sentence with\na noun, but a similar construction happens before だが/が/けど/etc. This is a very\ncommon rhetorical device in Japanese. Lyrics of some songs are written almost\nexclusively with 体言止め (for example,\n[this](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furusato_\\(children%27s_song\\))).\n\n * [what exactly is \"体言止{たいげんど}め\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14524/5010)\n * [Grammatically, is a 体言止めの文 a \"Japanese sentence\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/48863/5010)\n\nThe difference between 2 and 3 is small, but some \"contrasted\" clause about\nシェリー tends to follow after Sentence 2 because it has は. (e.g.,\n\"ゴーレムを放ったのはシェリーだが、そのシェリーがゴーレムに殺されたのだ。\")\n\nTo translate 体言止め, I think you can treat it as an ordinary sentence in many\ncases, especially when an author/lyricist tends to use it everywhere. You can\nuse \"Sherry, the one who unleashed...\" or \"It was Sherry who have\nunleashed...\" when appropriate, but IMHO that can often result in awkward\nEnglish sentences. For example, the first part of\n[残酷な天使のテーゼ](http://lyrics.wikia.com/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%90:%E6%AE%8B%E9%85%B7%E3%81%AA%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF%E3%81%AE%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC)\nis often translated like this:\n\n> 蒼い風がいま 胸のドアを叩いても \n> 私だけをただ見つめて微笑んでるあなた \n> A blue wind is now knocking at the door to your heart, yet \n> You are merely gazing and smiling at me\n\n(The literal translation is \"You, the one who is gazing and smiling at me even\nif a blue wind is...\")",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-30T01:29:13.423",
"id": "61200",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-30T01:44:56.470",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-30T01:44:56.470",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61196",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
61196
|
61200
|
61200
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "61199",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> もう何日も一緒に生活している俺と可憐。\n>\n> 当然すべてではないにしろ、俺 **にだってある** 程度今の可憐の気持ちはわかっているつもりだ。\n\nI added the previous line for context. I made this\n[だって](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/50294/clarifications-\non-%E3%81%A0%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6-and-%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6-contractions) question a\nwhile back but it may not apply to this instance.\n\nNaturally, even if all of it (何日も一緒に生活している俺と可憐) wasn't there, even with my\ndegree of (???), I think I understand Karen's feelings.\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-29T23:02:58.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "61197",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-17T07:22:51.317",
"last_edit_date": "2019-08-17T07:22:51.317",
"last_editor_user_id": "18772",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage"
],
"title": "Use of にだってある程度 in this sentence",
"view_count": 327
}
|
[
{
"body": "俺にだって and ある程度 are two different phrases that adverbially modify 分かっている.\n\n * 俺にだって is \"even I (understand)\" or \"also I (understand)\". だって itself is the same as the one you linked. This に is a particle used with わかる. See [this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/24955/5010).\n * ある程度 is a very common set phrase, \"to a certain degree\", \"to some extent\", \"more or less\". See [this](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E3%81%82%E3%82%8B%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%A6&ref=sa).\n\n> 当然すべてではないにしろ、俺にだってある程度今の可憐の気持ちはわかっているつもりだ。 \n> I believe (even) I understand some of Karen's current feelings, if not all\n> (of course).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-08-30T00:59:45.977",
"id": "61199",
"last_activity_date": "2018-08-30T03:11:11.047",
"last_edit_date": "2018-08-30T03:11:11.047",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "61197",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
61197
|
61199
|
61199
|
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