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"accepted_answer_id": "70468",
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"body": "A is the sempai of B, both are girls\n\n> A『私にも妹が居たら‥‥アナタみたいな感じなのかしらね？』\n>\n> B『ちょっと違うと思いますよ。』\n>\n> B『 **私とAさんは一つしか違いませんし** ‥‥それに、私の妹は私とは正反対の元気な子ですから。』\n>\n> A『性格とか年の数はどうでもいいのよ、いわゆる気分の問題なんだから。』\n>\n> B『んー、良くわからないですね‥‥。』\n\nme and Aさん only have 1 thing (age/grade?) different?\n\n * i don't think this is true, since there are big differences in terms of 性格 between A and B as well.\n\notherwise, how should i interpret 私とAさんは一つしか違いませんし?\n\nthank you",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T04:53:50.777",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
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"title": "一つしか違いません in this context,",
"view_count": 156
}
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[
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"body": "This ひとつ refers to an age (difference). Also note that\n[いくつ](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%B9%BE%E3%81%A4) can mean \"how old\" in\nJapanese.\n\n> いくつになったの？ How old are you now? \n> みっつ！ Three!",
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T05:02:46.100",
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"body": "> 何か楽器をひけますか\n\nappeared in ISBN-13: 978-4828867588 on page 102.\n\nQuestion 1: Is the kanji form of the verb 弾く【ひく】 _to play (a stringed or\nkeyboard instrument)_?\n\nQuestion 2: If the answer to Q1 is yes, why is it conjugated ひけます?\n\n> a) Because it is \"Non-past, polite: 弾きます\"? (Jim Breen) \n> b) Because it is \"Potential, polite: 弾けます\"? (Jim Breen)\n\nQuestion 3: Does one read the first kanji as 何か【なにか】or as 何か【なんか】?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T08:57:55.550",
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"id": "70470",
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"post_type": "question",
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"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "弾く/弾ける in 何か楽器をひけますか",
"view_count": 127
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[
{
"body": "1. **`Is the kanji form of the verb 弾くto play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)?`**\n\nYes. 弾{ひ}く is the correct kanji for playing keyboards, and stringed\ninstruments.\n\nAnd you should say\n\n> 「何{なに}か楽器{がっき}を演奏{えんそう}出来{でき}ますか?」\n\nfor any musical instrument.\n\nHowever probably not correct usage though, I often use\n\n「何{なに}か楽器{がっき}をひけますか?」 \"Do you play some instruments?\"\n\nfor any musical instruments like even drums, flutes, etc.\n\n 2. **`If the answer to Q1 is yes, why is it conjugated ひけます?`**\n\n> a) 「何{なに}か楽器{がっき}を弾きます?」\n\nIt implies \"Do you usually play any musical instruments?\" or \"Do you want to\nplay/try any musical instruments? (Probably at music shop)\"\n\n> b) 「何{なに}か楽器{がっき}を弾けます?」\n\nIt implies \"Can you usually play any musical instruments?\" As you quote, it is\ntalking about the ability to play instruments.\n\n 3. **`Does one read the first kanji as 何{なに}か or as 何{なん}か?`**\n\n「何{なん}か」is a colloquial form of 「何{なに}か.」 So you can shorten the sentence to\n**「何{なん}か楽器{がっき}弾く?」** to form the heavy metal band.",
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T10:35:46.303",
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"accepted_answer_id": "70476",
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"body": "In my textbook the sentence:\n\n> 聞かせていただいてありがとうございました\n\nis translated as\n\n\"Thank you for telling us about all these things\"\n\nI know:\n\n * 色々 is \"various\" so probably means \"all these things\"\n * 聞かせていた means \"Letting me hear\"\n * But 抱く, here 抱いて, means \"embrace\"?\n\nI'm not really sure how to understand this. Is it simply an expression? Any\nhelp would be appreciated.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T10:31:58.700",
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"id": "70471",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"phrases"
],
"title": "Use of 抱く in \"聞かせていただいてありがとうございました\"",
"view_count": 130
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[
{
"body": "You're not parsing the sentence correctly, I'm afraid.\n\n> 聞かせていただいてありがとうございました。\n\nIt's 聞かせて+[頂]{いただ}いて, not 聞かせていた+抱いて.\n\nいただいて is the て form of いただく, which is the humble form of もらう.\n\nThese threads might be of help:\n\n * [Difference between くださって and いただいて and when you should use it](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/29752/9831)\n * [How do you (not using keigo) thank someone for giving you permission to do something?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/38801/9831)\n * [Confused about ～させていただきたいと思います](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/54344/9831)\n * [Is it ok to use ～て下さりました instead of ～ていただきました?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/402/9831)",
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T12:48:56.667",
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"body": "I understand that がち can be loosely translated as \"apt to\" \"tend to\"\n\nand these meanings are present in がち\n\nよく、すぐ、しやすい、することが多い\n\nI can see the meaning of \"tend to\" easily in this type of sentence\n\n> ラッシュアワーはバスが遅れ **がち** だ。The buses tend to be late during the rush hour.\n\nBut when I see the structure がち + に + Verb, I'm not so confident on how these\nmeanings work. It sounds somewhat strange when I translate it literally.\n\n> 「これを食べてもいいですか」女の子がためらい **がちに** 聞いた。\"Can I eat this?\" the girl asked with a\n> tendency to hesitate. / \"Can I eat this?\" the girl asked hesitantly.\n\nためらいがち - tend to hesitate ----> ためらいがちに聞く - ask with a tendency to\nhesitate?/ask hesitantly\n\n> 彼は遠慮 **がちに** ドアの後ろに立っていた。He stood behind the door with a tendency to\n> hesitate. / he stood behind the door hesitantly.\n\n遠慮がち - tend to hesitate ----> 遠慮がちに立つ - stand with a tendency to\nhesitate?/stood hesitantly\n\nSo would this sentence I made up be correct?\n\n> 彼は怒り **がちに** ドアを開けた。 He opened the door with a tendency to be angry. / he\n> opened the door angrily.\n\nCan someone please clarify and explain if I'm understanding this correctly?",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T11:57:59.760",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-09-02T06:36:20.143",
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"owner_user_id": "27851",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"particles"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of がち + に + Verb?",
"view_count": 675
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{
"body": "Just weighing in to say that I found [this entry regarding\nためらいがちに](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E8%BA%8A%E8%BA%87%E3%81%84%E5%8B%9D%E3%81%A1%E3%81%AB):\n\n> 思い切ることができず、半ば思いとどまりながら物事を行うさま。躊躇しつつ行う様子。\n\n\"To perform an action with the underlying thought of giving it up; not being\nable to make up one's mind completely. To perform an action hesitantly.\"\n\nSo I'd say you're correct in your assessment. Somebody else may answer you on\nyour made-up sentence though. ;)",
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T13:02:57.603",
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"body": "This a very restricted use of `がち`.\n\n### Typical `がち` meaning\n\nYour basic understanding of `がち` as a \"接尾語\" is correct: it indicates a\ntendency or something happening often, and can be constructed with a host of\nbase words, as in `病気がち`, `遅れがち`, etc. \nIt can, grammatically speaking, and in this meaning, be suffixed to any word.\nWhich ones are acceptable or not is only a question of usage: for example,\n`疲れがち` is grammatically correct but in usage `疲れ気味` is usually preferred.\n\n### `がちに` special case\n\nNow, as you mention, `遠慮がち（に）` doesn't really fit with that interpretation. It\ndoesn't have the meaning of 「遠慮が多い」 or 「遠慮する傾向」 (`遠慮しがち` does instead). \nIt has the meaning of \"as if\" instead (here: \"as if restraining oneself\"). In\njapanese: 「遠慮 **しているような感じ** 」 (taken from the referenced site below).\n\nContrary to the 1st, typical meaning above though, in this meaning it is\nhighly idiomatic and can't really be constructed grammatically by suffixing\nany noun. I gathered `伏し目がち（に）` and `ためらいがち（に）` falling into this category,\nbut I doubt there are many more.\n\nIn these cases, the `がち` construct seems to have the function of filling a\nsemantical hole no other established construct can fill: it expresses a link\nbetween two semmingly incompatible actions. In the following examples, at the\nface value of the word meanings, it should either be one or the other: 「遠慮する」\nor 「言う」, 「伏し目になる」 or 「相手を見る」. Not both together. Hence, when these actions are\nassociated together using `がちに`, its possible translation of \"as if\".\n\n> 彼女は遠慮がちに言った\n>\n> 彼女は伏し目がちに相手を見た\n\n### `怒りがちに` ?\n\nFinally, to answer your last question:\n\n * 「怒りがちだ」 exists and is correct, but fits the first, typical meaning of `がち` (tendency)\n * 「怒りがちにドアを開けた」 sounds unlikely to me, as the 2 actions are in no way seemingly incompatible ; something like 「怒りがちに無言になった」 maybe, we could consider. However:\n * 「怒りがちに」 is simply not established in usage, so it makes it incorrect, and likely to confuse the person you're speaking to. Furthermore:\n * 「怒りっぽく」 exists and fits the meaning already, and\n * To say \"he opened the door angrily\" 「怒ってドアを開けた」 is sufficient.\n\nThinking of the restricted few established uses of `がちに` as having the meaning\nof \"as if\" may further help understanding why it wouldn't be warranted in this\nexample.\n\n* * *\n\n_Reference:[接尾語「〜がち」について分析](https://nihon5kyoushi.com/2018/08/10/%E6%8E%A5%E5%B0%BE%E8%AA%9E%E3%80%8C%E3%80%9C%E3%81%8C%E3%81%A1%E3%80%8D%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/)_",
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"body": "While trying to understand how to use ていくうちに in this sentence: (from\n<https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/55251/17515>)\n\n> 子どもの頃から使っていくうちに、身についてきたものだからです。 \n> (The て form) is something we master after using it again and again from\n> childhood.\n\nI found other sentences like this one (from\n[here](https://hinative.com/ja/questions/605857))\n\n> 考えていくうちに、私は間違いに気付いた \n> While/as I'm thinking further, I noticed that mistake(?)\n\nAnd the explanation for 考えていくうちに is 'to think longer/to think further'. But\nthen I found this\n[page](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1427712014)\nwhere it says to not use the past tense in the later part after うちに and that\nthat part should express supposition/prediction.\n\n> ○勉強しているうちに、意味がわかった。 \n> ×勉強していくうちに、意味がわかった。\n>\n> ○勉強しているうちに、意味がわかるだろう。 \n> ○勉強していくうちに、意味がわかるだろう。\n\nMy questions are: \n1. Is 考えていくうちに、私は間違いに気付いた incorrect? \n2.Does 使っていくう mean 'To use something from now on to the future' or 'using\nsomething repeatedly/deeply' like in 考えていく(to think longer/to think further),\n見ていく(事情や状況などをまとめたものを確認していくこと), and 確認していく(一つ一つをよく見て確認するさま)",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T12:22:56.647",
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"tags": [
"meaning",
"tense"
],
"title": "Using ていく to express doing something deeply/longer/strongly and tense agreement with ていくうちに",
"view_count": 122
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"body": "Recently I've been reading a light novel and at the beginning, there seems to\nbe some sort of silly joke-ish \"personality test\" with a couple of nonsensical\nquestions completely irrelevant to the rest of the book. One of them caught my\nattention and I've been trying ever since to wrap my head around its meaning,\nbut can't seem to come to a satisfactory conclusion. The sentence in question\nis:\n\n> ナマハゲをして、あんたが悪だと言わしめたことがある。\n\nThe ～しめる part itself isn't anything new to me and from what I can gather, it's\nessentially just an old way of expressing the 使役形 found in the written\nlanguage; ～をして seems to be often accompanied, serving the function of を／に to\nmark the person being acted upon, according to my dictionary. I also found\nthis site giving some interesting info: <https://meaning-\nbook.com/blog/20190401171934.html>\n\nFrom what I understand, it's basically used with the nuance that there's an\nadequate enough of a reason to warrant to make somebody say something as\nopposed to simply state it with the ～させる form.\n\nBack to the sentence at hand, if I were to rephrase it the way I understand\nit, I'd get following:\n\n> ナマハゲに、あんたが悪だと言われたことがある。\n\nNow my first question was, is the ～をして here actually part of the ～をしめる\nconstruction or does ナマハゲをして mean \"while you were out playing namahage\"?\nPersonally, I'd go with ナマハゲをやって IF I were to express that but I don't know\nenough on that matter to be able to say for sure.\n\nSecond question was regarding the あんた - is it referring to me, the reader or\nthe person playing the namahage? For some reason I can justify あんた referring\nto either, but I can't explain why - though I do think it actually refers to\nme, the reader.\n\nI'm terribly sorry if this question is a bit too convoluted - if you need some\nclarification I'm always happy to oblige.",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
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"title": "Question regarding ～をして～言わしめる",
"view_count": 389
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{
"body": "> **_`Now my first question was, is the ～をして here actually part of the ～をしめる\n> construction or does ナマハゲをして mean \"while you were out playing\n> namahage\"?*`_**\n\nIn some sense yes. It is the construction of ～をして ... ～をしめる construction.\n\nAs in your link,\n\n> 「言わしめる」の言葉の使い方は、「自分(相手)にそのように言わせるだけの理由・根拠・価値などがある場合」\n\nAnd, the following example sentence 「 ** _ペレをして** サッカーの神童と言わ **しめた**\n少年がいました_」, 「 ** _料理人である私** に美味いと言わ **しめる** だけの圧倒的な料理の才能とセンスを持ち合わせていました_」\n\nHere **ペレをして** , **料理人である私** ,as an authority, are emphasized and used to\ncertify someone has the remarkable/outstanding feature.\n\nNow, Pere, the football legend, witnessed some boy is prodigy of football and\nProfessional chef admitted someone has authentic talent of cuisine saying it's\ndelicious.\n\nSo, what is 「なまはげ」? According to\n[なまはげ](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%BE%E3%81%AF%E3%81%92)/\n[namahage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namahage),\n\n> **_「なまはげ」は怠惰や不和などの悪事を諌め、災いを祓いにやってくる来訪神である。_**\n\n\"Namahage\" are ritual visiting deities admonishing bad behaviors such as the\nlaziness, the quarrel and to keep off the evil.\n\nSo, \"Namahage\" is an authority to certify one's bad behavior.\n\nThen,\n\n> **_ナマハゲをして、あんたが悪だと言わしめたことがある。_**\n\nmeans \"Namahage\" , an authority and deity, confirmed you were the most evil\nperson provably ever by judging your behavior.\n\n**あんた** is used when you want to emphasize **you** \"not in a polite way\".",
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"body": "> Second question was regarding the あんた - is it referring to me, the reader or\n> the person playing the namahage?\n\nIt's the person doing the personality test aka you. One might for example in a\npersonality test see things like:\n\n> 子供時代、あなたがよくしていた遊びは？\n>\n> あなたはインドア派？ アウトドア派？\n\n* * *\n\n> Now my first question was, is the ～をして here actually part of the ～をしめる\n> construction or does ナマハゲをして mean \"while you were out playing namahage\"?\n\nナマハゲ **をして** is used in conjunction with the しめる construction in 言わ **しめる** in\nthe second part of the sentence to indicate what was caused to say something.\nLike your dictionary says, it's similar to に. It seems that you already know\nthat しめる is basically an old fashioned causative: (さ)せる.\n\nWe can break down the sentence a bit:\n\n> あんたが悪だ - You are evil\n>\n> あんたが悪だと言わしめた - You caused (someone/something) to say \"you are evil\"\n>\n> ナマハゲをして、あんたが悪だと言わしめた - You caused the Namahage to say \"you are evil\"\n>\n> ナマハゲをして、あんたが悪だと言わしめたことがある。- You have caused the Namahage to say \"you are\n> evil\" before\n\nNote that this is a lot different from ナマハゲに、あんたが悪だと言われたことがある。, which is the\nway you wanted to rephrase it. It's the difference between \"I have been called\nevil\" and \"I cause people to call me evil\". The latter surely seems much more\nevil (or at least actively wants people to think they are evil).\n\nAlso note that ~をして isn't necessary to use when you want to use ~しめる. You can\njust use に instead. Examples from Shonagon:\n\n> あの「石川 遼」 **に** 「王様」と言わ **しめた** 「薗田」が、大学を選んだ\n>\n> 上海空教官時代は教え子の予備学生 **に** 「この人となら一緒に死ねる」と言わ **しめた** ほどだった\n\n~をして is usually used for stylistic effect (quoting directly from 明鏡国語辞典):\n\n> ◇漢文訓読調の言い方。\n>\n> ｟語法｠下に動詞未然形＋使役の助動詞「しむ」「しめる」、まれに「（さ）せる」を伴う。\n\nAnd here is an example (also from 明鏡国語辞典) where it is used with just the\nnormal させる\n\n> 「師匠を **して** 降参させたとは大した腕前だ」",
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"body": "I've seen in Genki I みんな used without a particle (no particle follows the\nword). For example:\n\n> たいていみんな寝ています\n>\n> 私のかぞくは四人です。みんなとてもしんせつです。\n\nHowever, I've also seen sentences in which it is followed by a particle:\n\n> あなたがみんな **を** 救った\n>\n> みんな **が** 日本に興味をもっている\n\nUsing it with a particle makes sense to me, since I translate it as everyone.\nWhy is it sometimes followed by a particle and sometimes not?",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T18:56:46.653",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "Why is みんな sometimes used with a particle and without?",
"view_count": 366
}
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[
{
"body": "Not only can particles be omitted sometimes, especially in colloquial speech,\nみんな can also be an adverb as well as a noun.\n\nFor example:\n\n> 私の家族はみんな音楽が得意です。\n>\n> Everyone in my family is good with music.\n>\n> 人はみんな違う。\n>\n> All people are different.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T19:14:06.440",
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"body": "From the chat, by @Chocolate:\n\n> たいていみんな寝ています -- here みんな is an adverb. the subject is omitted \n> \"They are all asleep\"\n>\n> みんなとてもしんせつです。 here again みんな is an adverb. No particle required. The subject\n> is 家族 \"They are all kind.\"\n\nAnother example:\n\n> みんなが出かけたあと、～～ -- After everyone left, ~~\n>\n> here みんな is a noun\n>\n> 家族がみんな出かけたあと、～～ -- After my family all left (or, everyone of my family left)\n>\n> here みんな is an adverb\n\nA few more similar words (which work both as nouns and adverbs):\n\n * 全部\n * 全員\n * すべて",
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"body": "I already know of the construction that takes the て-form of a verb + も and\nmeans \"even if\". But can this construction also be used with i-adjectives? For\nexample, would saying the following be correct?\n\n> 高くてもそのレストランに行きたいです。 \n> I want to go to that restaurant, even if it's expensive.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"i-adjectives",
"particle-も"
],
"title": "Validity of て-form of i-adjectives + も",
"view_count": 58
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"body": "Yes, it also works with na-adjectives and nouns.\n\n> 蛇{へび}でも買いたい。 I want to buy it, even if it were a snake.\n>\n> 静{しず}かでも勉強できない。 I am unable to study, even if it were quiet.",
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"body": "When I want to say that something is too quick, just as an example, I can\nsimply say\n\n> 速すぎる。\n\nHowever, I don't quite know how I could express sentences with \"too\"\nadverbially, such as in \"I became sick because I ate the cake too quickly\".\n\nI came up with these two translations for the example above:\n\n> 1. ケーキの食べ方が速すぎて病気になってしまいました。\n> 2. ケーキを食べるのが速すぎて病気になってしまいました。\n>\n\nDo these convey the intented meaning? What would be more natural alternatives?\nAnd lastly, and I'm sorry for straying a little bit away from the original\nquestion here: Is 病気になる a natural way to say \"become sick\" in this case?",
"comment_count": 4,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to say \"too quickly\", \"too recklessly\" etc",
"view_count": 1720
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"body": "Your sentences are grammatical and natural-sounding (except for the use of\n「病気になる」, which I will come back to later).\n\nWe say:\n\n> 「Action A + の + が + 速{はや}すぎて + Action B」 ← The 「の」 is a nominalizer.\n\n> 「Action A + 方{かた} + が + 速{はや}すぎて + Action B」 ← Use the continuative form for\n> the verb in Action A -- 食べ方、歩き方、話し方、やり方, etc.\n\n> 「Action A + の/方 + が + 速すぎる/すぎた + ため（に） + Action B」\n\nYour two sentences are good because you used the first two of the three\npatterns above.\n\nThe mistake I occasionally see in Japanese-learners trying to express this is\nwhere they directly translate from English and end up saying it like:\n\n・「速すぎて食べる」\n\n・「速すぎる食べる」\n\nThose sound highly unnatural and ungrammatical. **In Japanese, you cannot use\n「速すぎる・速すぎて」 to directly modify a verb the same way you can use \"too quickly\"\nto modify a verb in English**.\n\nFinally, regarding 「病気になる」. This phrase sounds far more serious than the\nEnglish \"to become or feel sick\" for eating something too quickly. 「病気になる」\nmeans none other than \"to incur a disease\".\n\nThe verb phrase that would fit in your sentences much better would be\n「（気持{きも}ち / 気分{きぶん}）が悪{わる}くなる」.",
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"body": "I was at a bookstore looking at some old books and saw the following weird\nKanji between 表 and 主. What is its reading and what does it mean? [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/z6jzB.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T21:52:41.123",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "What does this Kanji mean in this historical book?",
"view_count": 124
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"body": "The book title is\n[日本外交年表竝主要文書](https://books.google.com/books/about/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8%E7%AB%9D%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%96%87%E6%9B%B8.html?id=9lCuAQAACAAJ).\n\nThe word is 竝 and it is an alternate/old (異体字) way of writing 並. In the title\nof this book, it would be an abbreviation for 並びに{ならびに}. I found the following\nimage showing the evolution of the Kanji from [this\nwebsite](https://okjiten.jp/kanji1039.html) and it feels fairly convincing.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6HtTQ.png)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-01T21:52:41.123",
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"body": "並 originated as a writing abbreviation or stylisation of 竝. which depicts two\nupright people (立, _vertical, erect, upright_ ) simultaneously side by side.\n\nThe character 竝 represents directly the word 竝{へい}立{りつ} ( _to exist\nsimultaneously_ ).",
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"body": "I came across this multiple choice question as part of my homework. There is\nonly one correct choice.\n\nQuestion\n\n> 心配【しんぱい】しないで。悪【わる】い病気【びょうき】 { ______ } と思【おも】います\n>\n> Don't worry. I think { ______ } a bad illness/disease.\n\nAnswers\n\n> ① かもしれない it might be\n>\n> ② なわけではない it's not that it's\n>\n> ③ だろう it probably is\n\nAt the first sentence, it is said \"Do not worry\", so it's clear that the\ndisease should not be bad or serious. Therefore, the right answer is **②\nなわけではない** \"it's not that it is [bad]\". The other choices do not make sense\nbecause if the disease \"might be [bad]\" or \"is probably [bad]\", then you\ndefinitely _should_ worry.\n\n**The problem is that** choosing ② implies that 病気【びょうき】 is a 形容動詞【けいようどうし】\n(na-adjective), because the choice contains a particle 「な」, rather than 「の」,\nbut in my experience and according to\n[Jisho.org](https://jisho.org/word/%E7%97%85%E6%B0%97), **病気 is not a**\n形容動詞【けいようどうし】 ( **na-adjective** ), but a 名詞【めいし】(noun).\n\n> ② **な** わけではない / ~~**の** わけではない~~\n>\n> 心配【しんぱい】しないで。悪【わる】い **病気な** わけでわないと思【おも】います。\n\n**Is this a legitimate use of 病気【びょうき】, or maybe I picked the wrong answer in\nthe first place?**",
"comment_count": 3,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"nouns",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "Can「病気【びょうき】」be used as a 形容動詞【けいようどうし】 (na-adjective)?",
"view_count": 688
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[
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"body": "First of all, you picked the right answer, and said right answer is also\ncorrect:\n\n> **〇** 悪い病気 **な** 訳ではない\n\nAs you reckoned, `病気` is usually _not_ a 形容動詞 but a 名詞 only. It has more to do\nwith how the idiom `わけではない` is used: \n**`わけだ・ではない` is**, when modified by a noun, **typically modified by the noun +\nな.**\n\nAs you mentioned, when a noun (名詞) modifies (修飾する) another noun, it is\ntypically appended with `の` and not `な`. However, for a reason I can't find a\nproper, grammatical explanation for, `わけではない` [can be modified by (seemingly)\nboth `N+の` or `N+な`](https://nihongokyoshi-net.com/2018/07/18/jlptn3-grammar-\nwakedewanai/). \nThis being said, `N+な` is the norm before `わけではない` so much so that `N+の` [can\nfeel incorrect](https://hinative.com/ja/questions/5421141).\n\nAs far as I can tell, this is peculiar to the idioms using `わけだ・ではない`. See for\nexample other idioms with `わけ` :\n\n> * 悪い病気な訳だ\n> * 悪い病気の訳がない\n> * その言葉の訳が分からない\n>\n\n* * *\n\nThere are also, more irregularly, in modern usage,\n[cases](https://jn1et.com/noun-naadjective/) where it can be deemed acceptable\nto make a na-adjectives out of what are traditionally only nouns (形容動詞化), but\nthis is a different case and, I believe, not the reason for the validity of\nthe `N+なわけではない` construct, as the acceptability of these is way more\nsubjective / selective whereas `N+なわけではない` is valid with any noun. See for\nexample [this nice\nQ&A](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1415952229)\ndiscussing the acceptability of using `病気` as a 形容動詞.",
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"body": "What's the difference when using やる and あげる with the て-form of a verb. For\nexample: 教えてやる and 教えてあげる.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-01T23:17:37.303",
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"post_type": "question",
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"tags": [
"て-form",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "やる and あげる when used with て-form of verb",
"view_count": 213
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{
"body": "The difference is that やる is only used with animals or very, very young\nchildren, as it sounds very patronising, as though the person you are doing a\nfavor to is way lower than your level socially speaking. So basically, if you\n~てやる someone, you are treating them like an animal (bad idea).\n\nTake into account that even あげる itself can sound patronising, so it should be\nused only with people at the same social level than you (e. g. a friend) or\nlower (e. g. one of your employees).\n\nFor example:\n\n> 太郎【たろう】くんにギターを弾くのを **教えてあげた** 。 I taught Tarou to play the guitar.\n>\n> 私の犬にちゃんと座【すわ】るのを **教えてやった** 。I taught my dog to sit properly.\n\nGrammatically, they convey the same idea: to perform an action in someone's\nfavor or for the sake of someone.",
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"body": "I have a sentence which says,\n\n> 2030年、日本が迎えるのはケタ外れの「ひとりさま社会」。\n\nThe dictionary says the word means; incredible, extraordinary, exceptional or\nphenomenal, but it doesn't really make sense when translated into English.\nWhat does ケタ外れ mean here? What does it imply?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T01:55:16.143",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"expressions",
"adjectives"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of ケタ外れ in this situation..?",
"view_count": 135
}
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[
{
"body": "ケタ is 桁 which in this context can be understood as \"standard/norm\" or\n\"reference frame\" and 外れ means something like it \"falls out of the reference\nframe\" — like when people use 120%.\n\nYou can see how in some contexts this could be translated the way you listed\n(incredible, extraordinary, exceptional or phenomenal), but here it should\nprobably be translated in a more neutral tone.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-02T02:34:24.057",
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70494
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"body": "While translating a book I come across the following sentence.\n\n> 女の子の注意を逸{そ}らすことができれば.....\n\nResearch into the [ba\nending](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/30586/phrase-\ntranslation-%E4%BD%95%E3%82%92%E8%A8%80%E3%81%84%E5%87%BA%E3%81%99%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A8%E6%80%9D%E3%81%88%E3%81%B0)\nallowed me to discover that the above is a 'unfinished' sentence. This in turn\nmade me wonder, what are the various 'unuttered' phrases or sentences that\nJapanese omit in everyday conversation and/or narration, like the above\nstatement?",
"comment_count": 9,
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"tags": [
"orthography",
"sentence-final-particles",
"conversations"
],
"title": "What are the various 'unuttered' phrases or sentences that Japanese omit in everyday conversation and/or narration?",
"view_count": 178
}
|
[] |
70495
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I am on みんなの日本語１chapter 13 and there is a sentence: 日本へ美術の勉強に行きました。According\nto their explanation, the phrase after へ can be either be a noun or a verbます-\nform so using 勉強します instead, is 日本へ美術を勉強しに行きました correct? If it is wrong, what\nis the correct way of writing it?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T05:07:10.343",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70497",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-02T05:07:10.343",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35225",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "勉強に行きます or 勉強しに行きます?",
"view_count": 180
}
|
[] |
70497
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70499",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "super popular dude XXX disapears, start of an epilogue\n\n> 数週間後。\n>\n> 大学構内からXXXの姿が消え、彼に好意を寄せていた女性たちが騒動となったのは一週間ほど前のことである。\n>\n> いまでは長期の休学だとか外国の大学へ編入しただとか、ありそうも無いような噂が飛び交ってこそいるものの、失踪直後ほどは騒がれなくなった。\n>\n> **偶像というものは皆の目にとまっているからこそ崇拝できるのであり、目前からなくなってしまえば意外とその効力が無くなるのも早い。**\n>\n> ‥‥そういうものだ。\n\nA testament to Xxx's lasting impact would be the worshiping of XXX from all\nthe attention this has gotten; and that if he disappeared before our eyes, it\nwould be premature to say that it would be surprisingly become ineffective.\n\ntotally lost when it comes to the 3rd sentence here, i don't think it is\nrefering to any specific thing prior to the epilogue, but i may be mistaken.\n\nThank for clarifying",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T07:22:27.070",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70498",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-02T08:22:49.440",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-02T07:46:53.083",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "what is その効力 in this context?",
"view_count": 80
}
|
[
{
"body": "It would be helpful to know which part of the sentence you are having trouble\nwith specifically and why you add things like 'a testament', 'Xxx',\n'premature', 'attention this has gotten', and 'ineffective', which don't\nappear in the Japanese.\n\nI would translate it slightly paraphrased as:\n\n> 'An 'idol' is worshipped/adored **_because_** it is plainly visible to all,\n> and if it disappears from sight that effect dissipates especially quickly.'\n\nHighly paraphrased:\n\n> 'Even the most popular boy, taken out of the mix for long enough, will be\n> quickly forgotten.'",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T08:10:16.357",
"id": "70499",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-02T08:22:49.440",
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"last_editor_user_id": "27280",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "70498",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70498
|
70499
|
70499
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having trouble to understand this sentence. What does it mean\n\n> ひとり残らず たたき潰す それが俺の覚悟だ.\n\nThe translation I have come up with is\n\n> Without one exception I will crush you all. That is how far I'm prepared to\n> go.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T08:20:37.240",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70501",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T04:11:50.487",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-02T15:55:45.147",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "31910",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does ひとり残らず たたき潰す それが俺の覚悟だ mean?",
"view_count": 162
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your translation of the first sentence is okay. 覚悟 means resolution,\ndetermination or _mental_ preparation you make before facing some tough or\nrisky situation. それが俺の覚悟だ (literally \"That's my firm resolve\") is basically\nsaying he is determined to do it (crush'em all) no matter what, even though it\nmay be followed by some bad consequence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T16:51:09.110",
"id": "70504",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70501",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70501
| null |
70504
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "\n\n>\n> うちで[子供]{こども}と[お母さん]{おかあさん}が[話しています]{はなしています}。[お母さん]{おかあさん}は[何]{なに}を[買います]{かいます}か。\n>\n>\n> [男]{おとこ}：[お母さん]{おかあさん}、[今日]{きょう}は[僕]{ぼく}が[夕食]{ゆうしょく}[作る]{つくる}よ。[卵]{たまご}はあるんだよね。きゅうりとじゃがいもは？ \n> [女]{おんな}：きゅうりはある。トマトも。じゃがいもは・・・・・・１つしかないわね。 \n> [男]{おとこ}：ポテトサラダを[作りたい]{つくりたい}から、じゃがいもはもっと[要る]{いる}な。 \n> [女]{おんな}：わかった。[買って]{かって}くるね。 \n>\n> [男]{おとこ}：[調味料]{ちょうみりょう}は[大丈夫]{だいじょうぶ}かな。[塩]{しお}、こしょう、[酢]{す}、[油]{あぶら}と・・・・・・あれ？[油]{あぶら}は？ \n> [女]{おんな}：えーと、そこの[戸だな]{とだな}に[新しい]{あたらしい}のが・・・・・・。 \n> [男]{おとこ}： **それと、[忘れてた]{わすれてた}** 。ハムもよろしく。あれがなかったらおいしくないんだ。じゃ、[頼む]{たのむ}ね。\n>\n> [お母さん]{おかあさん}は[何]{なに}を[買います]{かいます}か。\n>\n> １ たまご きゅうり じゃがいも \n> ２ たまご きゅうり ハム \n> ３ じゃがいも あぶら \n> ４ じゃがいも ハム\n>\n> 答え：４\n\nThere’s one sentence saying 「それと、忘れてた」. What does それと here mean?\n\nP.S. I did search それと’s meaning in this\n[https://www.weblio.jp/content/それと](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8C%E3%81%A8).\nI still don’t get it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T15:11:49.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70503",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T22:50:03.840",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T01:17:05.150",
"last_editor_user_id": "14544",
"owner_user_id": "32181",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "Meaning of それと in this sentence",
"view_count": 1140
}
|
[
{
"body": "It is definition (2) on Weblio. ' **and that (new product in the cupboard that\nyou mentioned)**... (oh) I forgot. Ham too.' The それ refers to the item that\nwas just mentioned. They are reading a list of ingredients they need and the\nlist continues throughout the dialogue. The それと connects directly to what was\nbeing discussed.\n\nIt seems like you're trying to figure the sentence out based on more\nstandard/written sentence structure. This would be a mistake. When two people\n(mother and son) communicate casually they might use a shorthand.\n\nCommas in Japanese often simply indicate a pause. In this case, お母さん pauses in\nthe middle of listing items to realize that she'd just remembered something\nthat she'd forgotten.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T19:37:32.220",
"id": "70507",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T01:40:33.633",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T01:40:33.633",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "`それと` is used to add a point to, usually, a list of other points previously\nmentioned in the discussion.\n\nLiterally, it means `That, and`. `Also,` at the beginning of a sentence is\nalso a good match IMO.\n\nIn the 2) definition of the dictionary\n[entry](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%8C%E3%81%A8) you\nreferred to, it is mentioned that `あと` has a similar meaning. `あと、ハムもよろしく`\nwould have the same meaning. Or `そして` conveys the same meaning as well, in\ncase you'd be more familiar with any of these constructs.\n\nAs for the `[忘れ]{わすれ}てた`, the way it's written may be a bit confusing, but\nremember it's a spoken conversation, and this is just a semantically\nindependent sentence \"injected\" in the middle of the other (as often happens\nin oral speech). `それと、[忘れ]{わすれ}てた、ハムもよろしく。` is equivalent and maybe easier to\nunderstand ? (remember that the use of punctuation marks is less strict in\nJapanese than in, for example, English) \nThe idea is the one of a dialogue: something like `That and -- I forgot, ham\ntoo please.` or `Also, I forgot: ham as well please` in English.\n\nHere the `それ` refers to whatever what previously mentioned.\n\nYou typically find `それと` in the context of \"laundry lists\": of requests, of\nthings to do or buy, etc.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T02:28:49.740",
"id": "70508",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T22:50:03.840",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T22:50:03.840",
"last_editor_user_id": "4533",
"owner_user_id": "4533",
"parent_id": "70503",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70503
| null |
70508
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I learned to speak Mandarin a while ago and have understanding of Kanji thanks\nto that. However, I'm new to learning and I'm tripping up over this, till I\nwrap my mind around it. Do Kanji have several pronunciations?\n\nFor example. 日本. here it is \"nippon\", however, and when I see the second kanji\nin 六本木, it seems to be pronounced the same. However, in another example like\n今日 the first is pronounced \"kon\" here while in a sentence like 今何時ですか it is\npronounced as \"ima\".\n\nMy question is: Are these instances consistent at all? Perhaps when 今 is on\nits own it's usually \"ima\" but when paired with other kanji it is pronounced\ndifferently? Or is it inconsistent and you can find sometimes it is still\npronounced as \"ima\" even when paired with other kanji? Also, when two kanji\nare paired, can the pronunciation of the word take a new form different from\nhow they are both separately pronounced on their own?\n\nMany thanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-02T16:55:17.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70505",
"last_activity_date": "2020-05-21T12:05:15.203",
"last_edit_date": "2020-05-21T12:05:15.203",
"last_editor_user_id": "18772",
"owner_user_id": "35240",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"kanji"
],
"title": "Do Kanji have consistency in pronunciation like Chinese HanZi?",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[] |
70505
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70511",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have found several related words that I think I have a better grasp of such\nas: \n見掛ける・見て取る・認める\n\n> 見掛ける is just simply visually seeing something\n>\n> 見て取る is close to 見て分かる, right? Seeing something that gives you some kind of\n> knowledge or understanding, or that allows you to reach a conclusion.\n>\n> 認める has a huge number of usages, but limiting the discussion to the subset\n> of its definitions that apply here, it means seeing something and\n> acknowledging that that is the case.\n\nBut I am having a hard time wrapping my head around how 見受ける fits in.\n\nIn the example sentence\n\n> 中学校期の子ども達には羞恥心が先行して声の出ないことがよく見受けられますので、励ましながら指導すべき課題と言えます。\n\nit _could_ just be translated as \"seen\" but I feel like something is missing. \nThe definition given in the 日本国語大辞典 is `ある何ものかを判断をする。見てとる。みとめる。` which doesn't\nhelp. Honestly, I'm not sure I understand `ある何ものかを判断をする。`\n\nちょっと細かいことを聞いているので、日本語で説明した方が伝わると判断した場合、日本語でお願いします。 I am not looking for a\nsimple translation but an explanation of the word and how it is used.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T07:43:04.030",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70509",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T10:18:16.933",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1761",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"definitions"
],
"title": "What does 見受ける mean?",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "The verb 見受ける is used usually in the rareru-form, 見受けられる, where this られる is\n[自発の「(ら)れる」](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/42700/5010). It has two\ndifferent meanings:\n\n 1. ～ように見受けられる, ～と見受けられる \n\"It appears (to me) that ～\", \"It looks like ～\", \"Judging from the appearance,\n～\"\n\n> 彼は怒っているように見受けられます。 \n> It appears to me that he is angry.\n\nThis pattern is mainly used in business settings to avoid saying something too\ndirectly, by describing it in a more subjective manner. In this sense, a\nhumble version, お見受けします/お見受けいたします, is also used.\n\n> 特に問題ないようにお見受けします。 \n> It appears to me that there is nothing wrong.\n\n 2. ～が見受けられる \n\"～ is found\", \"I see ～\", \"I'm seeing ～\".\n\n> 残念ながらいくつかのスペルミスが見受けられます。 \n> Unfortunately, I see some spelling errors.\n\nThis pattern is about identifying something within a larger group/object. It\nhas nothing to do with \"判断する\". In this sense, 見受ける is interchangeable with\n認める, but ～が認められる/～を認める is a highly stiff expression mainly used in academic or\nlegal contexts. 見かける has the nuance of seeing or noticing something by chance\n(e.g., on the street).\n\n> * パーティーの参加者の中には知っている顔も見受けられる。\n> * パーティーの参加者の中には知っている顔も認められる。\n> * 町で偶然知っている顔を見かけた。\n\nYour example about 中学校期の子ども達 corresponds to the latter, \"such-and-such a scene\nis found.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T10:18:16.933",
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] |
70509
|
70511
|
70511
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70514",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the word for fast food? Food prepared quickly. I saw the term ファストフード\nused, but wondered if there is a kanji term to reflect the definition. I used\nthe katakana term in a chat and it was not understood by the reader.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T10:25:09.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70512",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T11:21:44.140",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T11:21:44.140",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What is the word(s) for fast food?",
"view_count": 581
}
|
[
{
"body": "We use ファーストフード so often. Most Japanese people know what it means. \nBoth ファースト and ファスト can be pronounced as “ふぁあすと” although I’ve heard some\npronounce ファスト as “ふぁすと”. \nIn Japanese, there’s no kanji term that has the same meaning. But 軽食 is close,\nwhich means light food.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T10:52:34.693",
"id": "70514",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T10:52:34.693",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35021",
"parent_id": "70512",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70512
|
70514
|
70514
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm looking for a natural way to express that you're happy or surprised about\nan action. In English, \"I got to spend the whole day reading\", or \"I get to\ninterview him tomorrow\". Does something like this expression exist in\nJapanese? Thanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T10:38:37.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70513",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T14:31:51.807",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "35248",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Japanese equivalent for \"get to do something\"?",
"view_count": 511
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is no single all-purpose phrase in Japanese that can be called the exact\nequivalent of \"to get to\" in English.\n\nThe ones that are not very wordy would include:\n\n * 「～できる」、「～できるようになる」、「できることになる」\n\n * 「～させてもらえる」\n\n * 「～ていい」、「～ていいことになる」\n\nThe phrases that are wordy but still carry approximately the same meaning or\nnuance would include:\n\n * 「～する / できるチャンスを得{え}る / もらう」\n\n * 「～する許可{きょか} / 機会{きかい}を得る」\n\nThus, the actual sentences that use the verb phrases in your examples would\nbe:\n\n * 「一日中{いちにちじゅう}読書{どくしょ}できることになった。」\n\n * 「明日Aさんにインタビューさせてもらえます。」\n\n * 「一日中読書して（も）いいことになっている。」\n\n * 「明日Aさんにインタビューする機会を頂{いただ}きました。」\n\n * 「一日中読書する許可をもらっています。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T13:44:43.060",
"id": "70515",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T14:31:51.807",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T14:31:51.807",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70513",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
70513
| null |
70515
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found this sentence on a game cover. (I left out unimportant parts) I am\nespecially wondering about 'meguri' and 'uzumaku'.\n\nShoujo wo meguri, … tairiku ni jaaku na yabou ga uzumaku.\n\nI have used hours trying to understand it. I read it off a game cover, mostly\nas kanjies without furigana. I have read what the words are supposed to mean\nin dictionaries, but the sentence doesn't seem to make sense to me.\n\nMy best guess is: Upon the return of this young girl, the continent was swept\nwith evil ambition!\n\nCan someone more acquainted with these words and the jargon help solve this\nmystery!",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T13:57:54.583",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70516",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T18:56:03.087",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T16:48:17.240",
"last_editor_user_id": "35249",
"owner_user_id": "35249",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "the meaning of 'meguri'",
"view_count": 6612
}
|
[
{
"body": "巡り【めぐり】 is the masu-stem of the godan verb 巡る, which means \"to go around\" or,\nby extension, \"to concern\". 少女を巡り can be translated as \"concerning a girl\",\n\"about a girl\" or \"over a girl\", depending on the words used with it. For\nexample, you can use 巡る like so:\n\n> 彼らは座席を巡って争った。 \n> They fought _over_ a seat.\n>\n> 3匹の犬を巡る物語 \n> a tale _about_ three dogs\n\nMore examples [here](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n2-grammar-%E3%82%92%E3%82%81%E3%81%90%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6-o-megutte/).\n\n大陸【たいりく】に邪悪【じゃあく】な野望【やぼう】が渦巻く【うずまく】 literally means \"on/around the continent,\nevil ambitions swirl\". The meaning of each word should be fairly\nstraightforward as long as you have access to a decent dictionary.\n\nSo the whole sentence is basically saying many people all over the continent\nhave evil ambitions concerning this girl. Feel free to rephrase this to make\nit sound more dramatic in English.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T17:29:35.533",
"id": "70518",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T18:56:03.087",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T18:56:03.087",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70516",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
70516
| null |
70518
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70525",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My book says that\n\n> AはBの[割合]を占めている\n\nis a structure used to say\n\n> A accounts for [fraction] of B\n\nSo far, so good. But it also provides the following two alternative\nstructures, which bother me:\n\n> AのBに占める割合は~\n>\n> Bに占めるAの割合は~\n\nWhat I don't really understand is why in the first structure `B`, that's\nsupposed to be the whole which `A` is a part of, is marked with the particle\n`を`, while `に` is used in the other two structures.\n\nMoreover, I could not find any example that uses the second structures.\n\nAre these alternative structures commonly used? And how can I wrap my head\naround which of the whole and the part is marked by what particle?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T22:18:33.793",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70519",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T01:17:00.880",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18582",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-に",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "占める and particles",
"view_count": 152
}
|
[
{
"body": "> A **は** B **の** [割合{わりあい}] **を** 占{し}めている\n>\n> A **の** B **に** 占める割合は~\n>\n> B **に** 占める A **の** 割合は~\n\nBefore saying anything, I will say that B represents the whole and A\nrepresents a part of it. 「割合」 means \"percentage\".\n\nThe next thing I am going to say is that all three phrases above are common,\ngrammatical and natural-sounding.\n\nNow, moving onto the nitty-gritty..\n\n> 「～～ **を** 占める」\n\nWe use 「を」 when preceded directly by the percentage/fraction.\n\n * 「日本人は日本の人口の９５％ **を** 占めている。」\n\n * 「日本の人口の９５％ **を** 日本人が占めている。」\n\n> 「～～ **に** 占める」\n\nWe use 「に」 when preceded directly by the object being discussed.\n\n * 「日本の人口 **に** 占める日本人の割合は９５％である。」\n\n * 「中国人の全{ぜん}外国人{がいこくじん}観光客{かんこうきゃく} **に** 占める割合は３０％です。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T01:07:15.537",
"id": "70525",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T01:17:00.880",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70519",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
70519
|
70525
|
70525
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70523",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> （……それは、きっとあんな事を私にしたから……）\n\nspeaker wants to quit for a good reason but was just given a compliment/great\nnews that can't be ignored\n\ni look at this as: \"that(good result) is definitely because of what i did\"\n\nthough that requires some gymnastics to get there. A を B に (して) does not seem\nto apply, so rearranging as:\n\n私にあんな事をしたから, in certain situation に can be used to mark the cause of something\n(「病に倒れる」「日に焼ける」「風にそよぐ」), but not with a direct object and transitive verb and\nfollowing it.\n\nShoehorning this as some variant of ～にすれば, ～にしたら, ～にしてみれば doesn't really fit\neither\n\nthanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T23:15:13.960",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70520",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T00:26:21.787",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-03T23:21:06.423",
"last_editor_user_id": "22187",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"particle-に"
],
"title": "私にしたから in きっとあんな事を私にしたから",
"view_count": 87
}
|
[
{
"body": "It means that’s probably because he/she/they/you did such a thing to me. \nIt may be like he/she/they/you told a lie to “me” or ignored “me” and after\nthat he/she/they/you felt sorry or another person hated him/her/them/you. \nBut I know this doesn’t suit the context. \nAt least, 病に倒れる and 〜にすれば have nothing to do with this sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-03T23:53:15.933",
"id": "70522",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-03T23:53:15.933",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35021",
"parent_id": "70520",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "This is about such a basic grammar point that I am not entirely sure if I am\nreading your question correctly.\n\n> 「私 **が/は** した」 = \"I did something.\"\n>\n> 「私 **に** した」 = \"Someone did something to/for me\"\n\nThe two phrases above mean completely different things from each other. **In\nthe second, the subject is unmentioned**. The particles, the shortest- and\nsimplest-looking words in Japanese, have that kind of power.\n\n> （……それは、きっとあんな事を私 **に** したから……）\n\ntherefore, means:\n\n> \"That is because (someone) did/has done such a thing to me.\"\n\nAre you following this? Once again, that \"someone\" is unmentioned here, but\nthanks to the particle 「に」, we know for sure that 「私」 is _**not**_ the action-\ntaker.\n\nThe 「私」 is the indirect object and the 「あんな事」, the direct object.\n\nFor this reason, your interpretation:\n\n\" **that(good result) is definitely because of what i did** \"\n\nis off. It is another person, not the speaker him/herself, who has done あんな事.\n\nFinally, as you said, the expressions ～にすれば, ～にしたら and ～にしてみれば have absolutely\nnothing to do with what we are discussing here.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T00:26:21.787",
"id": "70523",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T00:26:21.787",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70520",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70520
|
70523
|
70523
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is a line from the song 「結婚しようよ」by 吉田{よしだ}拓郎{たくろう} ([youtube\nlink](https://youtu.be/ryutpbPwrz4?t=136))\n\nRelevant piece of lyrics:\n\n> 雨が上がって雲のきれ間に\n>\n> お陽様さんが見えたら\n>\n> **ひざっこぞうをたたいてみるよ**\n>\n> 結婚しようよMMMM\n\n[Source](http://www.utamap.com/showkasi.php?surl=36495)\n\nWhen I googled it, I came across 膝を叩く which seems to be used when you \"get\"\nsomething (an element of surprise where you tap your knees to show it) but I\ndon't think it has that meaning here.\n\nAlso, I could not find a proper meaning for ひざっこぞう but I could find a meaning\nfor ひざこぞう (kneecap) which means the っ is probably used for emphasis.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T02:33:41.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70527",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T09:10:42.560",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"phrases",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "What does 「ひざっこぞうをたたいてみるよ」 mean?",
"view_count": 206
}
|
[
{
"body": "First of all, your interpretation of 「ひざっこぞう」 is correct.\n\nひざっこぞう ＝ ひざこぞう ＝ ひざ ＝ most technically, ひざ頭{がしら}\n\nBy adding the こぞう（小僧）= \"a little boy\", it personifies the word 「ひざ」 =\n\"kneecap\".\n\nRegarding the meaning of 「ひざっこぞうをたたいてみるよ」, I have always thought (in Japanese,\nof course, as I did not speak a word of English when this song came out) that\nit meant something along the lines of \" ** _I'll slap my thigh (and cavort\naround.)_** \".\n\nIn other words, it means to me \"I'll be saying 'This is it! I've gotta marry\nher (or propose to her)!'\"",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T03:40:27.683",
"id": "70530",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T03:40:27.683",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70527",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70527
| null |
70530
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70529",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I encountered this line while reading a passage. Context:\n\n>\n> 知名度の高い執筆者ばかり適当に揃えて一冊の雑誌をつくる編集は、たとえて言えば、インスタント食品をうまく使って食卓を賑わす料理人みたいなものだ。失敗の危険は少ないかもしれないが創る喜びは少ない。\n>\n> そこへゆくと、まだ固いつぼみを見つけ出して、これにあたたかい春の風を送り、 **花に育てる編集**\n> のしごとはそれ自体が一つの芸術である。そういうことの可能なエディターはそれほど多くいるとは考えられないが、優れた才能の開花のかげにはきわめてしばしばこういう創造的編集が存在するのではあるまいか。\n\nI understand first sentence of second paragraph as\n\n> If you go there, finding flowers that have not bloomed yet, tending them\n> with warm spring air (so that they can grow into flowers) is also an art in\n> itself.\n\nI understand 「花に育てる」 as an attribute clause which describes 「編集」 but I don't\nunderstand why 「に」 is used here instead of 「を」. Does using 「に」 here add any\nnuance ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T02:48:06.407",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70528",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T13:06:10.170",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "18021",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"phrases"
],
"title": "What does 「花に育てる編集」 mean?",
"view_count": 866
}
|
[
{
"body": "> **まだ固いつぼみ** を見つけ出して、 **これ** にあたたかい春の風を送り、花に育てる\n\nThe direct object of 育てる is left out. It's これ, i.e. まだ固いつぼみ, \"firm buds\".\n\nIt's 「（これ(=まだ固いつぼみ) **を** ）花 **に** 育てる」, \"bring up (firm buds) into flowers\".\n\n* * *\n\n> そこへゆくと、［まだ固いつぼみを見つけ出して、これにあたたかい春の風を送り、花に育てる］編集のしごとはそれ自体が一つの芸術である。\n\nMeans something along the lines of...\n\nIn contrast, the work of editing [where you find firm buds, tend them with\nwarm spring air, and raise them into flowers] is an art in itself.\n\nThe part in brackets is a relative clause that modifies 編集のしごと.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T02:59:35.347",
"id": "70529",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T03:23:50.307",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-04T03:23:50.307",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "70528",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] |
70528
|
70529
|
70529
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70533",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just read a manga where by context a girl broke up with her boyfriend. She\nsays this.\n\n> 逃げられたの 彼氏に！！\n>\n> 仕事に入れ込みすぎだって\n\nWhy is 彼氏に used alongside the verb?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T08:40:36.043",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70532",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T12:41:26.103",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34044",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-に",
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "Why is に used with this verb?",
"view_count": 485
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 逃げられたの 彼氏に！！\n\nAs you've noticed, this is an inverted word order of:\n\n> 彼氏に逃げられたの\n\n逃げられた here is Suffering Passive (迷惑の受身), which is a kind of Indirect Passive\n(間接受身). \nAs you know, in passive sentences the agent (動作主) of the action is marked with\nに. eg お母さんが私を褒める → 私がお母さん **に** 褒められる. Here the agent of 逃げる is 彼氏, hence:\n\n彼氏が逃げた (active) _My boyfriend ran away._ \n→ 彼氏 **に** 逃げられた (indirect passive) _My boyfriend ran away from me (which\naffected me in some way). / My boyfriend up and left (on me)._\n\nFor more on Suffering Passive / Indirect Passive:\n\n * [How to interpret indirect passives?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/15933/9831)\n * [私に言われても versus 私が言われても](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/54800/9831)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T09:39:26.320",
"id": "70533",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T12:41:26.103",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-04T12:41:26.103",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "70532",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
70532
|
70533
|
70533
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70535",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is there a term used for a new kanji that replaces an outdated one? 國 and 国\nare good examples.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T10:50:25.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70534",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-25T11:44:02.237",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-25T11:44:02.237",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -4,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"dictionary",
"writing-identification"
],
"title": "Is there a term used for a new kanji that replaces an outdated one?",
"view_count": 164
}
|
[
{
"body": "旧字体 Old-form \n新字体 New-form\n\nSource: Just look up 國 or somesuch on Wiktionary.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T11:14:43.573",
"id": "70535",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T11:14:43.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "70534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70534
|
70535
|
70535
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70537",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I believe the general grammar for 「ないことはない」 means \"can; it is not impossible\".\nHowever, I am having hard time trying to translate this example sentence:\n\n> 「どうしても話してくれと言われれば、話さないこともない。」\n\nMostly I cannot figure out who the subject is. My tentative translation is\n\"You can speak if you are asked to do so.\" Pretty sure this is not correct and\nwould be grateful for a more accurate translation!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T12:44:22.297",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70536",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T13:16:49.210",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-04T13:12:01.400",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "35254",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "「ないことはない」 Example sentence",
"view_count": 155
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「どうしても話してくれと言われれば、話さないこともない。」\n\nYour TL attempt of that is:\n\n> \" **You** can speak if **you** are asked to do so.\"\n\nThe truth is, however, that the subject throughout the sentence is the\nunmentioned \" ** _I_** \", the first person.\n\n「言われれば」 is in the passive-voice form -- \"If I were told\", \"If I were asked\",\netc.\n\nThe subject of 「話さないこともない」 is also the speaker himself.\n\nThus, an example TL would look like:\n\n> \"If I were desperately asked to tell, it would not be impossible for me to\n> tell.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T13:16:49.210",
"id": "70537",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-04T13:16:49.210",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70536",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70536
|
70537
|
70537
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The sentence given with its translation is:\n\n> I'm out of the woods.\n>\n> 山 は 越えた よ。\n\nWhen I looked up the word \"越えた\", it was only matched with \"越える\" instead. I\nthink the meaning is similar. When I google translated 越えた, it gave me\n\"exceeded\".\n\nI'm unsure if this is an error in my material but it's certainly confusing me\nas I'm still new to learning.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T18:24:17.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70539",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T13:38:50.550",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "35240",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"kanji",
"idioms"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 山は越えたよ?",
"view_count": 395
}
|
[
{
"body": "So this is an interesting translation, because what is actually being said,\nand the translation do not have the same literal meaning, but they carry the\nsame general meaning as a figure of speech.\n\nIn short, a Japanese idiom is being translated to an English idiom.\n\n> 山は越えたよ。\n\nLiterally translates to:\n\n> I crossed over the mountain.\n\n**山** = mountain\n\n**は** = topic marker. As a standalone sentence, I would use を instead, but you\ncan have this be grammatically correct if this comes in the middle of a\nconversation. There are cases where は can replace を in a sentence and this is\none of them.\n\n**越えた** = past tense of\n[越える](https://jisho.org/search/%E8%B6%8A%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B), which as you have\nfound can mean 'to exceed,' but as @chocolate has pointed out, this definition\nuses a different kanji: 超える. It is read the same way. 越える, as used in this\nexample, means 'to cross over/through.' \n*As a side note, jisho.org is one of the best online dictionaries I have found, and I highly recommend it.\n\n**よ** = [sentence ending particle that adds\nemphasis](http://www.punipunijapan.com/japanese-particles-yo-ne/) (almost like\nan exclamation point, but not quite).\n\nIn terms of general meaning, the phrase means that you have gotten past some\ntrying challenge in your life. The meaning is very similar to the idiom that\nit was translated to (I'm out of the woods), which is why I think that they\nused the English idiom over the literal Japanese translation.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T22:05:23.093",
"id": "70545",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T13:38:50.550",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T13:38:50.550",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "22352",
"parent_id": "70539",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "山を越える has an idiomatic meaning, which means \"to pass the peak situation of\nsomething\". For example, 彼女の病気の山は越えたよ(The worst situation of her illness was\nover), 明日でこの仕事は山は(orを)越えるだろう(The most important part of this job will be done\ntomorrow) and so on.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T06:51:53.017",
"id": "70555",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T14:40:26.837",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T14:40:26.837",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "70539",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70539
| null |
70545
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70549",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am learning the word 「名称【めいしょう】」. According to the dictionary, it means\n\"name\", but so does 「名前【なまえ】」. What are the differences in terms of meaning\nand usage between both words?\n\nI noticed that the entry for 「名称【めいしょう】」 states that it can mean \"title\", yet\nI can't figure out how to use the word properly.\n\nよろしくお願いします！",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T19:11:56.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70540",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"synonyms",
"wago-and-kango"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 「名前【なまえ】」 and 「名称【めいしょう】」？",
"view_count": 1674
}
|
[
{
"body": "The differences come from the fact that:\n\n「名前{なまえ}」 is an originally Japanese word while\n\n「名称{めいしょう}」 is a Sino-loanword.\n\n**_Formality:_**\n\nFor the reason above, 「名称」 is more formal, academic and technical than 「名前」.\nThink about \"chat\" vs \"conversation\", \"deep\" vs. \"profound\", etc. in English.\nIn both Japanese and English, the big words have mostly come from \"somewhere\nelse\".\n\n**_Meanings:_**\n\n「名称」 means the name of a thing or organization -- almost anything, really.\n**The only thing it does not mean is a personal name**.\n\n「名前」 can mean any kind of name **including** personal names.\n\nFor the particular meaning of \"personal name\", we use 「氏名{しめい}」 to sound more\nformal. We never use 「名称」 for that purpose.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T00:32:37.053",
"id": "70549",
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70540
|
70549
|
70549
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70543",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to the dictionary, 運転手 means driver and 車掌 means conductor. So, 運転手\nwould be any person at the controls/steering wheel of any vehicle, while 車掌\nwould be someone who \"is in charge of a train and travels with it, but does\nnot drive it\" (according to an English dictionary. I am not an English native\nspeaker so I can't grasp the difference between both words in English either).\nSo, the latter is only for trains? and if he does not drive, what does a 車掌 do\nin a train?\n\nIf you could provide some example sentences that illustrate the difference\nbetween both words, it would be nice.\n\nよろしくお願いします！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T19:34:20.723",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70541",
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"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"kanji"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 「運転手【うんてんしゅ】」 and 「車掌【しゃしょう】」?",
"view_count": 307
}
|
[
{
"body": "`[運転手]{うんてんしゅ}` is responsible for driving the vehicle like the car, the bus\nor the train. As you suppose, `[車掌]{しゃしょう}` only applies to the person who\nworks on the train. `[車掌]{しゃしょう}` takes care of other than driving the train\nduties like...\n\n> * Closing door while maintaining customer's safety\n> * Informing the next station name\n> * Taking care of the sick person while the train is on the way to next\n> station\n> * (If you ride the bullet train) Confirming if you are in the right train\n> by checking the ticket.\n> * (If you stop at an unmanned train station in rural area) Collecting your\n> train ticket (to make sure you are not cheating...)\n>\n\n`[運転手]{うんてんしゅ}` always stays in the first car of the train while `[車掌]{しゃしょう}`\nis usually in the last car (but `[車掌]{しゃしょう}`may move to the other cars).\n\nBy the way you don't use `[運転手]{うんてんしゅ}` for the person driving the airplane\nor the ship. They are called `[操縦士]{そうじゅうし}`. A pilot of the airplane you can\ncall `[パイロット]{ぱいろっと}` which came directly from the word \"pilot\".\n\nI could not figure out the good sentences though I hope it gives you an idea.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T21:57:32.477",
"id": "70543",
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70541
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70543
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70543
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "# English\n\nI was thinking about the word 泣ける and how it has a usage where it's not really\na potential — in particular its usage where it gets used to mean something was\nmoving and caused the speaker to cry.\n\nPulling up the definition in 明鏡, there's the following:\n\n> な・ける【泣ける】 \n> 〔自下一〕 \n> ①〔「泣く」の可能形〕泣くことができる。 \n> 「悲しくとも泣くにー・けない」 \n> **②〔①から〕感動のあまり涙が出てくる。また、泣きたくなるほど感動する。** \n> 「ひとりでにー・けてくる」 \n> 「ー話じゃないか」\n\nThis entry suggests that the etymology is indeed from the potential form, and\nit's not that there was originally an intransitive verb with this meaning.\n\nI was curious if there are any other verbs where the potential form can be\nused with this sort of spontaneous (自発) intransitive meaning, or otherwise\nmore information about this phenomenon.\n\n(This is slightly reminiscent of 見える and 聞こえる, but those are not standard\npotential forms and were formed much longer ago than this usage of 泣ける.)\n\n# Japanese\n\n「泣ける」という言葉について考えていたら、本来の可能の意味の他に、可能の意味があまり入っていない使い方もあることに気付きました。明鏡では②です。\n\n> な・ける【泣ける】 \n> 〔自下一〕 \n> ①〔「泣く」の可能形〕泣くことができる。 \n> 「悲しくとも泣くにー・けない」 \n> **②〔①から〕感動のあまり涙が出てくる。また、泣きたくなるほど感動する。** \n> 「ひとりでにー・けてくる」 \n> 「ー話じゃないか」\n\nこの項目から考えると、②の語源は「泣く」の可能形であって、別の自動詞に由来しているわけではないようです。\n\nこういった自発っぽい意味を持った可能動詞は他にもあるでしょうか。またはこの現象について何か情報はあるでしょうか。\n\n（「見える」や「聞こえる」も思い出されますが、「見る」と「聞く」の一般的な可能形ではないことと、昔から使われている動詞だという点で少し違うかなと思いました。）",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T21:47:48.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70542",
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"owner_user_id": "3097",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"potential-form"
],
"title": "Potential forms of verbs that have gained a spontaneous meaning (e.g., 泣ける)",
"view_count": 483
}
|
[
{
"body": "「笑える」は多分学校で習うと思います。早速それで検索して見ると「教えてgoo」にも類似の質問があった様です。\n\n[「難しくて泣ける」「思わず笑える」の文法的説明](https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/8761448.html)\n\n以下回答No2.からの抜粋です。\n\n> 自発か可能かは、前後の関係で決まると認識しています。\n\n * 自発 ＝ 自然とそういう状況になる\n * 可能 ＝ 意思を持ってすればそういう状況になる\n\n1.「数学の授業が難しくて泣ける」: 泣きたい意思はないはず・・・自発\n\n* * *\n\n2.「思わず笑える」・・・思わずだから、笑う意思にかかわらず・・自発\n\n> 例、（落語の）あそこは笑える・・・可能・・笑いを得たくて落語を聞く\n\n論文では、\n\n[現代日本語の自発に関する研究\n――受身・可能との関連を視野に入れて――](https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&ved=2ahUKEwj8gPKfp7jkAhUmBKYKHfB3ArEQFjAKegQICBAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp%2F%3Faction%3Drepository_uri%26item_id%3D24672%26file_id%3D17%26file_no%3D3&usg=AOvVaw0Nrm4Gd7CSDN66eVP64kUY)\n\n*第4章p63以降 _可能動詞による自発表現 ―― 可能動詞の意味分化を契機として発生した可能性について――_\n\nで挙げられている例文にも、\n\n_**現代語において、動詞「笑う」の可能動詞「笑える」は、 可能だけでなく自発にも解釈 されることがある。**_\n\n> (5) 時間が経って悲しみも癒え、ようやく笑えるようになった。 〔可能〕\n>\n> (6) ひょうきんな彼を見ていると、自然と笑えてくる。 〔自発〕",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-04T23:27:52.193",
"id": "70547",
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70542
| null |
70547
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading a manga and the character said:\n\n> でも 私 あなたのそういうところ すきよ\n\nI translated it as \"You like someone such as me.\" I may be completely wrong\nbecause ところ throws me off. I know some particles are being omitted, but I just\ndon't know which ones.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T22:04:46.267",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70544",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T03:29:47.173",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T00:40:31.803",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "35258",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particles"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of でも 私 あなたのそういうところ すきよ?",
"view_count": 783
}
|
[
{
"body": "> でも 私 あなたのそういうところ すきよ\n\nYou can interpret it as:\n\n> でも 私 **は** あなたのそういうところ **が(orは)** すきよ\n\nLiterally, \"But I like that part of you.\"\n\n「あなたのそういうところ **が** 好き」 means \"I like that part of you\" \"That's what I like\nabout you\" (implying \"That's the main factor I like about you\"), while\n「あなたのそういうところ **は** 好き」 sounds more like \"That part of you, I like it\" \"That\npart of you is favorable to me\" (this may imply \"That's not the main factor\"\nor \"That part I like, but some other part I don't like\"). The example in\nquestion sounds closer to the latter.\n\n* * *\n\nThe ところ is \"part (of you)\". It can refer to one's personality, character, or\nthe way one behaves. Examples:\n\n> 「あなたの優しいところ」 \n> _lit._ \"kind part of you\" → \"your kind personality\" \n> 「彼女のどんなところが好きですか。」 \n> _lit._ \"Which part of her do you like?\" → \"What do you like about her?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T00:48:38.140",
"id": "70550",
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70544
| null |
70550
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70548",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Read this sentence in an article.\n<https://woman.excite.co.jp/article/love/rid_Cafegoogirl_246784/>\n\n> アラサーにもなれば彼氏くらいいるものでしょ\n\nWhy is くらい used here? I've only seen くらい used when speaking about quantity.\nHow does it function here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-04T23:14:40.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70546",
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"owner_user_id": "34297",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-くらい"
],
"title": "Meaning of \"くらいいる\"?",
"view_count": 91
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「アラサーにもなれば彼氏{かれし}くらいいるものでしょ」\n\n「くらい」, in this context, is nuanced. It does not mean \"approximately\", which\nthe word most often means.\n\nHere. 「くらい」 means \" _ **at least**_ \" or \" _ **at the very least**_ \".\n\n「いる」 means \" _ **to have**_ \", \" _ **to possess**_ \" here.\n\nFor the 「ものでしょ」 part, you may want to read:\n\n[The meanings of ものだ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/43083/the-\nmeanings-of-%e3%82%82%e3%81%ae%e3%81%a0/43127#43127)\n\nIt is the second usage (general tendency) in this sentence.\n\n> \"If you are around 30 (years old), you would probably have at least a\n> boyfriend.\" or\n>\n> \"If you are around 30, one would generally expect that you would have at\n> least a boyfriend.\"\n\n\"a BF if not a husband\" would be the implicit nuance.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-04T23:57:50.230",
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70546
|
70548
|
70548
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70568",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I realize that 仏陀 is probably more common in writing where the reading is\nambiguous anyway, but I am curious to know: do people tend to read it as ぶつだ\nor ブッダ? For what it's worth, my IME recognizes both, and the one time I did\nhear it in speech it was ブッダ.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T01:25:17.017",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70551",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"readings"
],
"title": "Which is the more common reading of 仏陀 - ぶつだ or ブッダ?",
"view_count": 169
}
|
[
{
"body": "[https://furigana.info/w/仏陀](https://furigana.info/w/%E4%BB%8F%E9%99%80)\n(based on old fiction): 60% of ぶっだ >< 30% of ぶつだ (plus weird people who want\nto spell ほとけ thus and similar).\n\nkanshudo.com/searchq?q=仏陀 (based on modern use): 90% ぶっだ >< 10% ぶつだ.\n\nThus, it at least seems that ぶっだ is the more popular reading, and ぶつだ actually\nloses prominence.",
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"creation_date": "2019-09-05T08:35:49.327",
"id": "70558",
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{
"body": "Aeon.\n\nBefore you learn which is better, you have to know that _furigara_ is not the\nsame as pronunciation. Certainly _furigana_ shows us how to read its _kanji_ ,\nbut we sometimes don't write small _hiragana_ or _katakana_ because we didn't\nhave such sounds before Kamakura Period. _Hiragana_ and _katakana_ are not so\nprecise phonograms.\n\nThe answer is Buddha, ブッダ. I've never seen the form, ぶつだ, but it may be a sort\nof old way to write or miswritten.\n\nFurthermore, most of people do not call him Buddha, but _Hotoke(sama)_ or\n_Oshaka(sama)_ instead. _Sama_ is a suffix like title which used to call\nsomeone else out of respect.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-05T14:39:41.733",
"id": "70568",
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70551
|
70568
|
70568
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70554",
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"body": "```\n\n A：「おいしかったね、あの店。また行こうね。」\n \n B: 「あ！店にけいたい電話おいてきてしまったからとりにもどらないと。」\n \n```\n\nI don't really understand the function or meaning of ~きて here. Could someone\nhelp me parse this part grammatically? Why おいてきてしまった instead of おいてしまった?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T04:38:10.410",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70553",
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"owner_user_id": "35041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Understanding ~きて in おいてきて",
"view_count": 1027
}
|
[
{
"body": "This ~きて means ~来て (to come)\n\nおいてきて（置いて来て) literally means (I put and came here)\n\nPutting it together:\n\n> 店にけいたい電話おいてきてしまった I left my phone at the store (lit. I put my phone at the\n> store and came here unintentionally)\n\nJapanese often indicates the motion following the verb:\n\nペンを買ってくる - to buy and bring a pen here\n\nトイレに行ってくる - to go to the toilet and come back\n\n[This](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/helping-verbs/) might help\nyou understand.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T04:52:55.557",
"id": "70554",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27851",
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"score": 5
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] |
70553
|
70554
|
70554
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70564",
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"body": "I've seen 他に何か in dictionaries but I just found this sentence.\n\n> 何か他に食べててくれたら良いけど\n\nDoes this mean \"It'd be fine if you eat something else\"?\n\nCan the sentence retain the same meaning if you just used 他に without 何か？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T08:15:00.053",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70556",
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"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"何か他\" mean?",
"view_count": 150
}
|
[
{
"body": "Not a native speaker here but lived in Japan for a couple of years.\n\nFirst off, changing the order, 他に何か vs 何か他に, does not change the meaning.\n\nLeaving out the 何か removes a layer of ambiguity and indirectness that Japanese\nare known for. The sentence almost feels curt without it.\n\nWith it, the sentence feels warmer, even apologetic. The nuance is quite\nsubtle though (and possibly imaginary on my part!)\n\n> 他に... : Something else...\n>\n> 何か他に... : Anything else but this...\n\nThat's how I would interpret the **tiny** difference, anyway. Honestly, I\nmight be seeing it only because I'm looking for a difference.\n\nIf the answer is way off, I hope someone could show the light.\n\n誰か他に...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T11:10:51.623",
"id": "70563",
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{
"body": "Adding か to an interrogative pronoun, turns it into the Japanese equivalent of\na \"some~\" pronoun:\n\n> 誰【だれ】 who → 誰【だれ】か someone\n>\n> どこ where → どこか somewhere\n>\n> 何【なに】 what → 何【なに】か something\n\nSo, if you remove the 何か from your sentence, it does **not** retain the same\nmeaning because it would miss the \"something\" part.\n\nLet's compare:\n\n> どこへ行きますか。Where do [you] go?\n>\n> どこかへ行きますか。Do [you] go somewhere?\n>\n> 質問【しつもん】がありますか。 Do [you] have questions [at all]?\n>\n> 何【なに】か質問【しつもん】がありますか。Do [you] have any (literally \"some\") question?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-05T11:27:45.843",
"id": "70564",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T11:27:45.843",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"parent_id": "70556",
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"score": 2
}
] |
70556
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70564
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70564
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70560",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I read a comic where a character is being scolded by her mother for binging tv\nshows but she says this line which confuses me.\n\n> 大体 全８シーズンある ドラマを鑑賞するとして\n\n(My translation is something like \"To begin with, I'm here to appreciate all\nthe 8 seasons of this drama.)\n\n> どうして観終わるまで度を立てるのかしら\n\nThe second line I'm definitely confused with. Is \"観\" separate from \"終わる\"? I'm\nalso asking about the meaning of \"度を立てる\". Since it looks like there' different\nusages of 度.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T09:33:40.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70559",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T00:59:11.737",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33999",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"観終わる\" mean here?",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "観終わる is a compound that means \"to watch until the end\".\n\nAs for the 2nd line, I'll take a stab at it and guess that you confused the\nkanji of 席 (seat) for 度 (degree).\n\n> どうして観終わるまで席を立てるのかしら\n\nI wonder why you have to keep standing until you finish watching. (mother's\nline i suppose?)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T09:55:58.590",
"id": "70560",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T09:55:58.590",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7433",
"parent_id": "70559",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "「連用形 (continuative form) of a verb + 終わる」 means \"finish doing~~\" \"complete\ndoing~~\" \"do ~~ to the end\".\n\ne.g. \n食べ終わる -- finish eating (≂ 食べ終える) \n読み終わる -- finish reading / read to the end (≂ 読み終える) \n観終わる -- finish watching / watch to the end (≂ 観終える)\n\n> どうして観終わるまで席を立てるのかしら\n\nIt's a rhetorical question (修辞疑問・反語). In the given context it means:\n\n\"How can I leave the seat before I finish watching (all the 8 seasons)?\n(implying: _No, I can't!_ )\"\n\n「どうして観終わる **前に** 席を立てるのかしら」 might sound more natural, though. 「観終わるまで席を立てる」\nsounds unnatural. 「観終わるまで立っていられる」would mean \"can keep standing till finish\nwatching\". I think they used まで here because of the implied meaning\n「観終わるまで席を立てない」(can't leave till I finish) in the rhetorical question.\n(「～まで...ない」 means \"not... until~~\".)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T00:36:58.610",
"id": "70576",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T00:59:11.737",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T00:59:11.737",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "70559",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70559
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70560
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70576
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70591",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Why is the term 者 used in some job titles and not others? I see the term used\nfor doctor, dentist and translator 医者, 歯医者, 翻訳者 to name a few, but not for\nteacher, mayor, secretary, etc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T11:02:12.650",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70562",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T06:01:11.833",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage",
"kanji"
],
"title": "Why is the term 者 used in some job titles and not others?",
"view_count": 312
}
|
[
{
"body": "The [many different] title endings often reflect [the partly historical]\nstatus or the way in which the person contributes when doing his/her job.\n\nThe 者 is typically used for jobs where the person possesses some rare /\nadvanced / intellectual skills that allow him/her contribute thanks to the\nskills. And here we mean directly contributing, i.e. although leadership\nskills are advanced skills, \"they don't count\", as the contribution comes\nthrough boosting the performance of others.\n\nI believe that the reason why e.g. a driver is untenshu, but an engineer can\nbe referred to as a gijutsusha, relates to using gitsushusha to mean something\nmore like a \"meister\" [with not so much stressing the \"sensei\" aspect of\nmeister]. Today, a driver contributes individually, and it is a lot about also\nintellectual skills, while an engineer typically works as a part of a team,\nwhich would mean that if today inventing the words, an engineer would probably\nnot be written with 者.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T12:08:55.240",
"id": "70565",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T12:25:05.100",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T12:25:05.100",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "34261",
"parent_id": "70562",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "~者 is a generic suffix which means \"person who does the job of\". It's usually\nused when there isn't a common alternative. It's typically used for a\nprofession and doesn't require membership of an organisation. The emphasis is\non the skills that they perform, not where they perform them.\n\n医者 doctor (medicine-person) 歯医者 dentist (dentistry-person) 翻訳者 translator\n(translation-person) 研究者 researcher (research-person) 記者 reporter\n\nIn contrast ~員 means that you perform that role within an organisation (some\njobs can use both of these). For example I'm both a 分子生物学の研究者 (researcher of\nthe field of molecular biology) and 理研の研究員 (researcher of the RIKEN\ninstitute). 者 and 員 cannot be used interchangeable here.\n\n会社員 employee (staff member) 会員 member (of an association) 研究員 research\nassociate (for and institute)\n\nMany positions are referred with the suffix ~手 instead. If one of these exists\nit is not natural to use ~者 for these. These imply that you perform a\nspecialised role within a team or organisation. This is used for specialised\nskills and craftsmen. This emphasises that you perform these skills as part of\na larger team.\n\n若手 young (intern, apprentice) 投手 pitcher (baseball) 捕手 catcher (baseball) 運転手\ndriver 話し手 speaker 造り手 builder 砲手 gunner (military)\n\nThese are the 3 main suffixes for professions but there are many exceptions.\nThere are many other suffixes for different jobs, particularly those with a\nlong tradition will have an irregular suffix or one specific to a particular\nindustry. Some of these clearly share similar skills or environment, such as\nwhite collar or blue collar jobs.\n\n裁判官 judge 警官 police\n\n料理人 chef\n\n秘書 secretary\n\n作家 author 建築家 architect 政治家 politician\n\n弁護士 lawyer 会計士 accountant\n\n牧師 pastor 理髪師 barber 技師 engineer 教師/先生 teacher/instructor/professor\n\n女優 actress\n\n農民 farmer\n\n建具屋 joiner 鍛冶屋 blacksmith 仕立て屋 tailor\n\n大工 carpenter 配管工 plumber 電工 electrician",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T06:01:11.833",
"id": "70591",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T06:01:11.833",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "70562",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
70562
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70591
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70591
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Could someone help me by explaining how this is formed?\n\nThe question here refers to an answer to my question (second comment on\nanswer), but I don't understand it: [Could someone help with the gramatical\nconstruction of this\nphrase?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/42780/could-someone-\nhelp-with-the-gramatical-construction-of-this-phrase)\n\nAnswer (3-㋒): <https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/120514/meaning/m0u/>\n\nIt looks like someone transformed a masu-form verb to a \"masu-te\"-form, which\nI never heared of:\n\n> する、します、しまして \n> たべる、たべます、たべまして\n\nIf I am not mistaken, the referenced answer also talks about the potential\nform. How does this relate? Furthermore, is this construction in any way\nrelated to はじめまして?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T14:28:47.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70567",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-09T13:21:46.900",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T15:13:37.927",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "34367",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"potential-form",
"form"
],
"title": "Can someone explain to me how \"としまして\" is formed?",
"view_count": 234
}
|
[] |
70567
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was studying some radicals and I found this: ⺹ (old, old-age) and this: 匕.\nBut why this: 老 (old + spoon) means \"old man, old age, grow old\"?? Do\nJapaneses think a spoon can make you older in a shorter time? Should I stop\nusing spoons and start to use only chopsticks?\n\nPlease help me clearifying all these doubts floating in my mind xD Thanks in\nadvance!!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T16:19:48.393",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70570",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T06:20:14.313",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T15:59:01.137",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "35270",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"etymology",
"questions",
"radicals"
],
"title": "What's the connection between a spoon (匕) and the old age (⺹)? (Kanji: 老)",
"view_count": 628
}
|
[
{
"body": "It appears that the 匕 component that we see in 老 did not start out as the same\ncharacter as 匕 \"spoon\", but instead as a stylization of long hair and a cane.\nThis is more apparent if you compare the progression of forms from ancient\nShang inscriptions through to the modern shapes: see the [匕 glyph origin at\nWiktionary](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8C%95#Glyph_origin), the [老\nglyph origin](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%80%81#Glyph_origin), and by\nway of comparison, the [比 glyph\norigin](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94#Glyph_origin), where the 匕\ncomponent again developed from a non-\"spoon\" origin.\n\nWhen exploring the origins of Chinese characters, it's important to recognize\nthat the modern forms are not necessarily indicative of the original forms.\nThings change over time, and there's a general trend towards simplification\nand standardization.\n\nIf you're really interested in the historical development of Chinese\ncharacters, look into getting a good character dictionary. I've heard good\nthings about the [大漢和辞典 ( _Dai Kan-Wa Jiten_\n)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dai_Kan-Wa_Jiten), a serious and large\nmonolingual Japanese resource. For English readers looking for a starter\ncharacter etymology dictionary, I found Kenneth Henshall's [_A Guide to\nRemembering Japanese\nCharacters_](https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0804820384) to be\npretty good. Avoid anything by Heisig, however: he provides fanciful\ndescriptions of each kanji that might be helpful for memorizing, but that have\nnothing to do with historical development.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T17:30:27.127",
"id": "70571",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-05T17:30:27.127",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "70570",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
},
{
"body": "The other answer is correct. What you see as「匕」is a corruption of a walking-\ncane shape, not _spoon_ , and you shouldn't break down「老」into two separate\ncomponents.\n\n「老」( _old_ ) depicts an _old, decrepit person_ with long, unkempt hair,\nhunched over a walking stick.\n\n`[商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) \n[甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CDy3B.png) \n[前2](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・2.6 \n[合集36416](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=36416&jgwfl=)``[西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) \n[金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/F43PG.png) \n殳季良父壺 \n[集成9713](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9713&jgwfl=)``[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) \n[簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/br0fO.png) \n秦律雜抄32 \n[睡虎地秦簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts)``今 \n[楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/nhBuS.png) \n \n`\n\n> As「老」is ultimately a depiction of a _person_ , the core shape originally\n> contained「人」. For reference:\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6gOfC.png) \n>\n> [甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・2940 \n>\n> [合集18901](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=18901&jgwfl=)``[戰國](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period)・[楚](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_\\(state\\)) \n> 簡・[帛](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript) \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EqyXi.png) \n> 2 \n>\n> [{{ko:包}}山楚簡](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%B1%B1%E6%A5%9A%E7%B0%A1)``秦 \n> 簡 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oCYJK.png) \n> 日書乙種17 \n> 睡虎地秦簡``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/A629n.png) \n> \n> `\n>\n> **This should serve as an indication of how dramatically simple shapes can\n> change.**\n\n* * *\n\nChinese characters generally became _more complex_ ( **not** _more simple_ )\nover time because (1) characters were often overloaded in usage and (2) shapes\nthat were too simple were too easily confused with something else.「匕」is one of\nthose components that you shouldn't take on face value, precisely because the\nshape is too simple, and several shapes that originally looked like something\nelse have all converged into「匕」in the modern script.\n\nAs an actual _component which provides some sort of function upon character\ndecomposition_ ,「匕」is a merger between two originally independent components\nwhich started to look extremely similar very early on.\n\n* * *\n\n**(1) Semantic _spoon_ and/or phonetic** **ひ**\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oV1SE.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・355 \n[合集27578](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=27578&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KusJa.png) \n我方鼎 \n[集成2763](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2763&jgwfl=)``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/o659a.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「[比]{ひ}」( _close/near, compare_ ), from doubly semantic and phonetic「[匕]{ひ}」( _spoon_ ), depicting two spoons side-by-side;\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zBmDi.png) \n[前7](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・6.4 \n[合集4240](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=4240&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡・帛 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qW62x.png) \n253 \n{{ko:包}}山楚簡``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/hl3tY.png) \n秦律十八21 \n睡虎地秦簡``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/7u431.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「旨」( _delicious_ ), from semantic「匕」( _spoon_ ) and semantic「口」( _mouth_ ) which later changed to「甘」( _sweet_ ), now looking like「曰」;\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kKqVW.png) \n[乙](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・1054 \n[合集6828](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=6828&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HvfEY.png) \n殳季良父壺 \n[集成9713](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9713&jgwfl=)`` \n[篆](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_seal_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/85hK9.png) \n[旨部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77390&page=31) \n[說文解字](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi)``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CRGzx.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「[匙]{し}」( _spoon_ ), from semantic「匕」( _spoon_ ) and phonetic「[是]{し}」.\n\n` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PqQtL.png) \n[匕部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77391&page=12) \n說文解字``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8jQbs.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\n**(2) A shape variant of「人」( _person_ ) found on the right-hand-side of\ncharacters**\n\n> Note:「比」is generally not confusable, at least originally, with「从」(\n> _Shinjitai_ :「従」).「从」is also a rare exception to the right-hand-side shape\n> change of「人」.\n>\n> `商 \n> 甲 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/a15sk.png) \n>\n> [甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・1124 \n> [合集10920](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=10920&jgwfl=)``商 \n> 金 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/J7WMd.png) \n> 宰椃角 \n> [集成9105](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9105&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n> 簡・帛 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/4FA90.png) \n> 忠信之道5 \n> 郭店楚簡``今 \n> 楷 \n> [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ZlY2b.png) \n> \n> `\n\n * 「死」( _death_ ), from semantic「歹」( _picture of human remains_ > _bad, wicked, evil_ ) and semantic「匕・人」( _person_ );\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/eWa8e.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・1165 \n[合集17057](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=17057&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡・帛 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wOHhp.png) \n42 \n{{ko:包}}山楚簡``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/i1nMS.png) \n為吏之道44 \n睡虎地秦簡``[西漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Western_Han) \n[隸](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GU8va.png) \n \n[馬王堆帛書](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawangdui_Silk_Texts)``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z2BW5.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「北」( _back (anatomy)_ , now written as「背」by adding on semantic「⺼・肉」 _meat/flesh_ ), from semantic「匕・人」and its mirrored shape, depicting _two people back-to-back_ ;\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DmiqZ.png) \n[菁](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)・2.1 \n[合集6057](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=6057&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡・帛 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6KIMs.png) \n153 \n{{ko:包}}山楚簡``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KANwT.png) \n法174 \n睡虎地秦簡``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/yNu0m.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「此」( _to trample on something_ , now written as「跐」by adding on semantic「足」 _foot_ ), a compound of「止」( _picture of one foot_ > _stop_ ) and a _person_ 「匕・人」.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/hR94d.png) \n[戩](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)17.4 \n[合集27499](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=27499&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/idvm2.png) \n亞此犧尊 \n[集成5569](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=5569&jgwfl=)``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oH28B.png) \n日乙139 \n睡虎地秦簡``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/yBhZZ.png) \n \n`\n\n* * *\n\nTo finish off, here's some other examples of how **not** to decompose\ncharacters to produce what looks like「匕」:\n\n 1. Animals' legs.\n\n * 「鹿」( _deer_ )\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Uxqsq.png) \n[甲](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)265 \n[合集33368](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=33368&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EWL3k.png) \n命簋 \n[集成4112](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=4112&jgwfl=)``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/1FZsC.png) \n日甲75背 \n睡虎地秦簡`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/XPHdw.png) \n[鹿部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77391&page=71) \n說文解字``[東漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han) \n隸 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/AJPOa.png) \n黽池五瑞碑 \n``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/LenyJ.png) \n \n`\n\n * 「能」( _bear_ > _power/strength_ > _ability_ )\n\n`西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/KmOmF.png) \n能匋尊 \n[集成5984](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=5984&jgwfl=)``[春秋](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period) \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/2kZVu.png) \n哀成叔鼎 \n[集成2782](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=2782&jgwfl=)``戰國・[晉](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin_\\(Chinese_state\\)) \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/vkkQP.png) \n⿰妾子壺 \n[集成9734](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=9734&jgwfl=)``秦 \n簡 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/TL6rq.png) \n法150 \n睡虎地秦簡``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zeOSS.png) \n \n`\n\n 2. Body of a _snake_ 「它」, now written as「蛇」.\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6VLCR.png) \n卷3・79 \n戰後寧滬新``春秋 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6zDQx.png) \n子仲伯匜 \n[集成10277](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=10277&jgwfl=)``戰國・楚 \n簡・帛 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/k2xC7.png) \n164 \n{{ko:包}}山楚簡``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CxsLc.png) \n \n`\n\n 3. Corruption of _feet_ 「舛」in「乘」( _Shinjitai_ :「乗」).\n\n`商 \n甲 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/DcVNf.png) \n[粹](http://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)1109 \n[合集6491](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=6491&jgwfl=)``西周 \n金 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/k3nj0.png) \n公臣簋 \n[集成4186](http://www.guoxuedashi.com/yzjwjc/?bh=4186&jgwfl=)`` \n篆 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/EXcAE.png) \n[桀部](https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&file=77390&page=56) \n說文解字``今 \n楷 \n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/uBjUr.png) \n \n`\n\n> 「乘」was originally a picture of a person「大」climbing on top of a tree「木」;\n> feet「舛」were added on to the person later.\n>\n> The original meanings were to _ascend_ , _to ride an object_ , extended to\n> mean _to take advantage of [a situation]_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T06:20:14.313",
"id": "70618",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70570
| null |
70571
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70578",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As the title suggests, I'd like to know the meaning of the ending song from\nthe anime _Given_ titled まるつけ.\n\nDoes the first part mean round/circular or more appropriately, calm, since\nthis more of an emotion than \"circular\" is? I don't know what the second part\nmeans.\n\nBelow are the lyrics I grabbed from a site (with source info at the end) if it\nhelps in interpreting the meaning.\n\n> 寂しさは凶器だ \n> 人を傷つけてしまう \n> それに気付けなくなる \n> 愛しさは病気だ \n> 胸が苦しくなるよ \n> 治し方はないんだ\n>\n> この日々は奇跡だ \n> でも何かが足りない \n> 埋まらない 空欄 \n> 君は 不思議だ \n> その存在が僕を \n> 強くも 弱くもする\n>\n> 僕らはどうかな 上手いこと \n> 「人間」をできてるかな \n> どうかな どうかな \n> 深まりながら まるつけ\n>\n> 優しさは積み木だ \n> 積み上げれば高くなる \n> だけれど 脆くもなる \n> 正しさは正義だ \n> だけど人は踏み外す \n> それを救うのは何？\n>\n> 僕らはどうかな 上手いこと \n> 「恋愛」をできてるかな \n> どうかな どうかな \n> 答えもなく まるつけ\n>\n> 僕らはどうかな ふたりで \n> 「人生」をやれるかな \n> どうかな どうかな \n> 願いを込め まるつけ\n>\n> 「人生」は天気だ \n> 晴れたり降られたりする \n> どちらも起こりうる \n> どうかな 傘なら \n> 僕が持っておくから \n> ふたりでひとつになろう？\n\nSource: <https://www.lyrical-nonsense.com/lyrics/given/marutsuke/>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T22:57:16.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70573",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T01:36:27.807",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T23:46:39.633",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "35207",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"song-lyrics",
"anime"
],
"title": "Meaning of song title まるつけ from the anime Given",
"view_count": 6647
}
|
[
{
"body": "「まるつけ」＝「丸付{まるつ}け」\n\n「丸」＝「〇」\n\n「付ける」= \"to mark\"\n\n「丸を付ける」= \"to mark with a circle\"\n\n「まるつけ」 is the noun form of above -- \" ** _circling the correct answer_** \".\n\nIn Japanese culture, 「〇」 means \"correct\" and 「[✖]{ばつ}」 means \"incorrect\" on\ntests and quizes.\n\nThus, in the song lyrics you provided, 「まるつけ」 would mean something along the\nlines of \" **calling our life, love, way of living, etc. as 'alright'** \"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T00:44:02.153",
"id": "70578",
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"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T01:36:27.807",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "70573",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70573
|
70578
|
70578
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": ">\n> **「（踏切{ふみきり}に）入っていって後{うし}ろで標識{ひょうしき}をなぎ倒{たお}して、前{まえ}の車輪{しゃりん}がおそらく線路{せんろ}に落{お}ちるという感{かん}じ。（Ｑ．何分{なんふん}くらい右往左往{うおうさおう}していた？）僕{ぼく}が見{み}てからは２０分{ぷん}」\n> （目撃者{もくげきしゃ}）**\n\n 1. \"The front wheel probably fell on the track\", if a car gets stuck on the railroad, wouldn't the front wheel get stuck on the track, not fall on it. So in Japanese, someone can say, \"the tyres/vehicle fell on the track\", instead of \"the vehicle drove onto the track and got stuck\"?\n\n 2. Why did the witness say \"go back and forth\" for 20 minutes? So, an accident happens, and the witness spun in a circle back and forth for 20 minutes?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T22:58:41.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70574",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T05:17:14.117",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T23:41:48.057",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "32890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "What does 何分くらい右往左往していた？ mean?",
"view_count": 141
}
|
[
{
"body": "They’re asking about the truck, not what the witness did. “How long did [the\ntruck] spun its wheels [trying to get out]”? would be my guess. Although if it\nwas indeed 20 minutes and the railway company was not notified in time to stop\nthe train that’s a bit hard to believe so it’s probably something else.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:55:15.280",
"id": "70587",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T01:55:15.280",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "70574",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "1. I don't often hear 車輪が線路に落ちる, but some people may say it like that. I say 車輪が線路にはまる.\n\n 2. First, the truck seems to have got stuck in a narrow road along the railroad. The truck seems to have been turning back a steering wheel some times there for 20 minutes. Then, the truck seems to have got stuck in the track.\n\nSource: <https://news.tbs.co.jp/newseye/tbs_newseye3769935.html>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T03:34:33.577",
"id": "70588",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T05:17:14.117",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T05:17:14.117",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "70574",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
70574
| null |
70587
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70581",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Found in [this\ntweet](https://twitter.com/yu_ukina/status/1096622597624623104):\n\n> 先が気になる\n\nI always have to do a double check with 先 because the possible meanings can be\nvery opposite one another.\n\nI've also found other tweets with the same hashtag, like\n[this](https://twitter.com/tett333/status/1124839916343480320).\n\n> 先が気になって仕方ない",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-05T23:28:49.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70575",
"last_activity_date": "2021-08-25T14:22:57.417",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-05T23:53:05.413",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "33999",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does \"先が気になる\" mean?",
"view_count": 1545
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since the topic is TV series, in this case it refers to the future [episodes].\n\nE.g. “(Very) curious about what happens next”\n\n“Can’t help thinking about the next episode”",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:03:55.633",
"id": "70580",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T01:03:55.633",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "70575",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "「先{さき}」 here means \" **the future** \", \" **the future events/developments** \",\netc.\n\n「先が気になる」 therefore means \" **(I am) curious about the future developments** \".\n\n**Pitch accent is king:**\n\n「さき{HL}」 (high-low) refers to a **past** event. 「先の国会{こっかい}」 (\"the last\nnational assembly\")\n\n「さき{LH}」 (low-high) refers to a **future** event all by itself. 「先が気になる」\n\nNative speakers would never say 「先が気になる」 to refer to a past event.\n\nWe _**do say**_ , however, 「 **さっき** のことが気になる。」 with the small っ to refer to a\npast event. \" **I am worried/curious about what happened a while ago**.\"\nAgain, that is \"high-low\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:11:49.943",
"id": "70581",
"last_activity_date": "2021-08-25T14:22:57.417",
"last_edit_date": "2021-08-25T14:22:57.417",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70575",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 19
}
] |
70575
|
70581
|
70581
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am getting confused when translating from English to Japanese with \"-styles\"\n\"-types\" and \"-kinds\" of things, methods and equipment.\n\nFor sure, I know that \"式\"(or 方式) is applied to methods of doing something,\nlike measuring, or solving equations. \"型\" is for structural composition of\nphysical objects. \"系\" looks like suitable for types of work, like research,\nmanufacturing, financial.\n\nBut there are some things in between, like \"a device using an A functional\ncomponent for doing something\". So, is it A式(because of its function),\nA系(because of class of devices based on A), or A型(because A-thing is in the\nbasis of design)?\n\nAre there more or less strict rules for using 系 式 型 ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T00:40:46.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70577",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T11:15:02.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "29714",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"suffixes"
],
"title": "What are the rules of using 系 式 型 for kinds of things and methods",
"view_count": 130
}
|
[
{
"body": "系 is used to emphasize a product belongs to a certain large \"family\" or\n\"series\". For example, a modern CPU belongs to either ARM系 or x86系. Your\nsmartphone is probably either iPhone系 or Android系. Unsurprisingly, it's\nrelatively rare to coin a new word that ends with 系.\n\n式 and 型 are often interchangeable, but 式 mainly refers to a type of\ntechnology/method, whereas 型 vaguely refers to any \"type\" or \"model\". You can\nuse 空冷式エンジン and 空冷型エンジン interchangeably (\"air-cooled engine\"). You can say\n人間型ロボット (\"humanoid robot\") but not 人間式ロボット because 人間 itself is not a type of\ntechnology. (年式 as in 1990年式の自動車 is different from 式 explained here. 式 also\ntakes a person/place name, for example 日本式庭園.)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:33:10.143",
"id": "70583",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T11:15:02.090",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T11:15:02.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
70577
| null |
70583
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70585",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I’ve noticed that [Daijisen lists\n前](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%85%88-509271) as kanji for さき together with\nthe expected 先. However all compounds at the end of the article include only\n先, and I don’t think I’ve ever seen 前 with furigana さき. EDICT only lists it as\nnanori. Is it actually used?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:24:13.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70582",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T01:43:32.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "When is 前 read さき?",
"view_count": 257
}
|
[
{
"body": "前 pronounced as さき was [not very rare in the\npast](https://furigana.info/w/%E5%89%8D:%E3%81%95%E3%81%8D), but in today's\nstandardized Japanese, it's almost never used. You can usually expect 前 comes\nwith furigana if it's intended to be read さき. You can still see it in some\nproper nouns (e.g.,\n[松前町](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E5%89%8D%E7%94%BA_\\(%E6%84%9B%E5%AA%9B%E7%9C%8C\\))).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:43:32.587",
"id": "70585",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T01:43:32.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70582",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70582
|
70585
|
70585
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70592",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Women frequently hyphenate their last names like Sarah Huckabee-Sanders. How\nwould a Japanese woman with a Japanese maiden and married name added,\nhyphenate her last name?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T01:33:28.460",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70584",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T06:13:25.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"names"
],
"title": "How would a Japanese woman hyphenate her last name?",
"view_count": 1579
}
|
[
{
"body": "Legally she **cannot** do this. Under Japanese law you can only have one\nsurname registered on your residence and family register documents. If her\nhusband is Japanese, then she will have to change her family name to his (as\nhe is head of the household). If her husband is a foreigner, she is permitted\nto keep her family name (and is legally head of the household).\n\nWhat she is known by informally is up to her but it's not her legal name in\nJapan. Japanese culture _does not_ have a tradition of hypenating family names\n(or middle names). These are only permitted for writing foreign names in\nJapanese.\n\nThere is a convention for writing hypenated foreign names in Katakana but\nthere is not one for hypenating native Japanese names in Kanji (as this never\ndone).\n\nNote that Japanese people have their _family names_ first before their _given\nnames_ (so calling it a last name is discouraged to avoid confusion).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T06:07:24.463",
"id": "70592",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T06:13:25.180",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T06:13:25.180",
"last_editor_user_id": "14608",
"owner_user_id": "14608",
"parent_id": "70584",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70584
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70592
|
70592
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm a total newbie learning japanese as you will see, so please be patient\nwith me. I have this sentence from my textbook:\n\n> Shiken no toki jisho o minai de kudasai!\n\nBecause it was a new lesson, I didn't know what were the meanings for `shiken`\nor `toki`, so I've just assumed that `toki` is an adjective for `jisho` and\nafter I've looked up the words in the vocabulary section, it suddenly became\nreally strange for me to think about how am I going to translate it.\n\nSo, my question is: Couldn't `ni` particle be used there between `toki` and\n`jisho`:\n\n> Shiken no toki **ni** jisho o minai de kudasai!\n\nto mark the time in which the action takes place? I know the sentence is\nobvious for someone who does know japanese, but I'm only asking this for\ngrammar purposes.\n\nThank you for your patience!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T07:46:24.113",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70593",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-11T11:09:06.053",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32507",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"time"
],
"title": "Couldn't \"ni\" particle be used in this example?",
"view_count": 236
}
|
[
{
"body": "Yes, you can use **ni** there.\n\n> Shiken no toki **ni** jisho o minai de kudasai!\n\nThis sentence is grammatically correct and actually used. A web site\n<https://oshiete.goo.ne.jp/qa/98363.html> explains the reason:\n\n>\n> 2)「時間の名詞」が複合の形をとる場合、例えば、「おととい」という時間を表わす名詞にさらに「朝」という時間を表わす名詞がついて「おとといの朝」などという形になる場合はやや複雑で、「あしたの昼、テニスをします」と助詞を伴わずにも使われますし，「あしたの昼に、テニスをします」と助詞を伴っても使われます。この二つの文の場合ですが，意味的には実は違いがありません。「に」を伴うことによって「強調」を表わしていると思われる傾向にあるようですが，この場合の「に」は「格助詞」として「より顕著な副詞表現に属することを表わしている」に過ぎません。\n\nI understand the example\n\n> Shiken no toki **ni**\n\nis\n\n> 「時間の名詞」が複合の形をとる場合\n\n.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T10:52:25.570",
"id": "70594",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-11T11:09:06.053",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-11T11:09:06.053",
"last_editor_user_id": "35264",
"owner_user_id": "35264",
"parent_id": "70593",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
}
] |
70593
| null |
70594
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70598",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw that the term お風呂 can refer to both and 銭湯 is apparently used for a\npublic one. I see the term bath listed in Jisho. Would I take an お風呂 at a 銭湯?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T13:47:16.830",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70595",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T16:19:00.157",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T15:08:22.127",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What is the difference between お風呂 and 銭湯?",
"view_count": 374
}
|
[
{
"body": "The word `風呂` itself is generic: it can refer to a bathtub, a place for\nbathing, or the act/practice of bathing. In practice, it almost always refers\nto a bath at home, except for some set terms like 風呂屋 (bathhouse) or\n露天風呂(open-air bath; can be private or shared). You can still say 風呂に入る (take a\nbath) even when not doing it at home (it can also mean \"take a shower\").\n\n銭湯 is specifically a communal bath open to visitors for a fee (see\n[Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D)). Strictly speaking it\nis also a type of 風呂 (since it's used to bathe).\n\nThen there is 温泉 (onsen) which is a bath that uses hot spring water, and is\nusually public/shared among multiple visitors, although private ones are\npossible too.\n\nSee also [Public Baths](https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2074.html) by japan-\nguide.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T15:21:26.077",
"id": "70598",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T16:19:00.157",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T16:19:00.157",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "70595",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70595
|
70598
|
70598
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "**A** Does だけ replaces any particles or do I have to combine every particle\nwith だけ? e.g. だけを、だけが、だけに ...\n\n**B** How does the meaning of a sentence change when I put dake behind a noun\nor before a verb?\n\n 1. だけ in combination with a verb: 私は日本の本をだけ読む。\n\n 2. だけ in combination with a noun: 私は日本の本だけを読む。\n\nBoth sentences have the same meaning, right? And only the word order changed?\nCan I always choose whether to put だけ behind the noun or in front of the verb?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T14:20:55.803",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70597",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T05:00:27.817",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T14:56:53.620",
"last_editor_user_id": "7944",
"owner_user_id": "34859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-だけ"
],
"title": "だけ + two questions",
"view_count": 695
}
|
[
{
"body": "A. You can use しか～ない. For, example, 私しか彼女の秘密を知らない is the same meaning as\n私だけ彼女の秘密を知っている.\n\nB. 私は日本の本だけを読む is natural, but 私は日本の本をだけ読む is unnatural.\n\nTo modify a verb with だけ, だけ is placed behind a verb. not in front of a verb.\nIt is 私は日本の本を読むだけ。For example, 後は、家に帰って寝るだけ.\n\nTo modify a noun with だけ、だけ is generally placed behind a noun. However I\nnotice that にだけ and とだけ are exceptions. あなただけに(と)話す and あなたに(と)だけ話す are both\nnatural.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T15:44:27.490",
"id": "70599",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T05:00:27.817",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T05:00:27.817",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "70597",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "> A Does だけ replace any particles or do I have to combine every particle with\n> だけ? e.g. だけを、だけが、だけに ...\n\nFor the most part, it depends on the formality level of the sentence or\nrather, the context or situation. In informal speech, we often use 「だけ」\nwithout a particle attached to it. This is true especially with 「を」.\n\nGirls occasionally tell me 「アタシだけ見て！」 instead of 「アタシだけ **を** 見て！」.\n\nWhen they tell me that I am the only man they can depend on, they would say\n「レレさんだけ **が** 頼{たよ}りなの！」. The only girl who omitted that 「が」 was a foreigner.\nSo I had to correct it for her.\n\n> B How does the meaning of a sentence change when I put dake behind a noun or\n> before a verb?\n>\n> 1.だけ in combination with a verb: 私は日本の本 **をだけ** 読む。\n>\n> 2.だけ in combination with a noun: 私は日本の本 **だけを** 読む。\n\nIt is difficult (or actually impossible) to compare the two sentences because\nnative speakers would rarely, if ever, form the first sentence using 「 **を**\nだけ」. I would not recommend that you use 「をだけ」 even if you learned to use it\nsomeplace.\n\nThe second sentence is natural for using 「だけ **を** 」.\n\nThis may not be what you wanted to know, but a more natural way to say this\namong us native speakers would be:\n\n「私は日本の本 **しか** 読ま **ない** 。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T15:46:53.260",
"id": "70600",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T15:46:53.260",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70597",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
70597
| null |
70600
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In a comment on [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/70597/%E3%81%A0%E3%81%91-two-\nquestions/70599#70599) it was pointed out that the combination \"をだけ\" appears a\nlot in a Google search, despite my thought that it was ungrammatical. On\ncloser inspection it seems that many of these hits are of the form をだけを.\nHere's an example:\n\n> 体重 **をだけを** みてはいけない \n> It's no good if you're only looking out for your weight ( _not sure about\n> my translation_ )\n\nIt seems to occur far too often for this to be a typo.\n\nWhat's going on here?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T16:27:24.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70601",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T16:27:24.153",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-を",
"particle-だけ"
],
"title": "Understanding of をだけを",
"view_count": 232
}
|
[] |
70601
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "The Latin letters A–Z are used in Japan today and they each have a name just\nlike in English. Take the first five Latin letters, A–E. Source:\n<https://jisho.org>\n\n> A 【エイ】【エー】\n>\n> B 【ベー】【ビー】\n>\n> C 【シー】\n>\n> Ｄ【ディ】【ディー】\n>\n> E 【イー】\n\nIt is pretty clear that all except one variant of B (ベー) are from English. I\ndon't actually know if that variant pronunciation is even used.\n\nSurely in my mind the influence of Portuguese and later Dutch merchants and\nDutch studies (Rangaku) would mean there was already a need to have Japanese\nnames for those Latin letters, so it is only natural to assume the\npronunciation/names of those letter would be based on what the Dutch\nthemselves call them. E.g.,\n\n> A 【アー】\n>\n> B 【ベー】\n>\n> C 【セー】\n>\n> Ｄ【デー】\n>\n> E 【エー】\n\nAnd so on…\n\nWhat is the history here? How come the English names for the Latin letters are\nso prevalent in modern day Japan?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T17:04:46.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70602",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T18:14:53.423",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "13677",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"pronunciation",
"history"
],
"title": "Why do Latin letters have English pronunciations in Japanese?",
"view_count": 285
}
|
[] |
70602
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am looking for a Japanese word, preferably a single Kanji character to mean\n\"owner of black male horse\". I checked some dictionaries, but could not find a\nsingle word for it.\n\nCurrently, I found the following on jisho.org and Google:\n\n> 驪 = Black horse \n> 牡馬 (Boba) = Male horse (stallion) \n> 黒 (Kuro) = Black \n> 闆 = Owner \n> 馬主 = Horse Owner\n>\n> 馬 = Horse (Google Translate)\n\nJust one more question, can I just put these kanji characters in sequence to\nget the meaning I want? e.g. 牡馬 + 闆 = 牡馬闆 (black horse owner?)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T18:21:00.737",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70604",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T10:53:12.457",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T10:53:12.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "34735",
"owner_user_id": "32343",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"kanji",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Is There A Japanese Word ( preferably a single Kanji ) For Owner of Black Stallion?",
"view_count": 322
}
|
[
{
"body": "The kanji like 驪 or 闆 seem to be very rare and are unlikely to be known by a\ncommon person. You can notice that there are no entries for words containing\nthose kanji, only some place/people names.\n\nWhile a somewhat unusual combination, I _think_ 黒馬主 (kuro uma nushi) will be\nprobably understood (note that it doesn't specify that the horse is male).\n\nIn general, stacking up kanji like that does not always work; you may get\nbetter understanding by combining proper words with particles, e.g. 青毛の牡馬の主\n(owner of a stallion with black coat).\n\nP.S. _Please_ don't put this on a tattoo.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T19:31:38.977",
"id": "70605",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T19:31:38.977",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "70604",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70604
| null |
70605
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70611",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have the sentence 早くしないと置いてっちゃいますよ. I think this sentence means \"Don't act\nquickly and you'll be left behind but I'm not sure why ちゃいますよ, which I believe\nto be ちゃう, is used with the て form. I thought that when you change ~てしまう to\n~ちゃう, the て is taken off. I believe that to be what is happening here.\nSomething along the lines of the \"unintended action\" ちゃう and how it would be\nregrettable if the person were left behind. If in this sentence something else\nis happening, then it would be new to me and I'd be happy if someone could\nexplain what's occurring here.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T20:28:30.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70607",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T02:32:03.623",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33404",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 置いてっちゃいますよ?",
"view_count": 538
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「早{はや}くしないと置{お}いてっちゃいますよ。」\n\nFirst of all, let us make sure **_who does what_** in this sentence because as\nusual, none of that is mentioned in it.\n\nListener's action: 早くしない\n\n「と」 is conditional\n\nSpeaker's action: 置いてっちゃいます\n\nSo, **the grammatical subject changes mid-way**. The main clause is the second\nhalf, so the subject of the sentence as a whole is the unmentioned \"I/We\".\n\n\" ** _If you ~~, I/we will ~~._** \"\n\n「置いてっちゃいます」 is how we colloquially pronounce 「置いて行ってしまいます」. It literally means\n\"I/We will leave you here and go.\"\n\nThus, the sentence means:\n\n> \"If you don't hurry up, I/We will go by leaving you here.\"\n\nMore naturally:\n\n> \"Hurry up or I/We'll leave you behind!\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T21:48:52.147",
"id": "70611",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T02:32:03.623",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T02:32:03.623",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70607",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70607
|
70611
|
70611
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70612",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm having some trouble finding out what おけない means in this sentence,\nこの程度の条件を達成できなければ安心して娘たちを任せてはおけないよ.\n\nIn the second clause of this ば sentence, the speaker is saying something about\nhis peace of mind and entrusting his daughters and their studies to their\ntutor (the person with whom he is speaking to). I'm a bit confused what おけない\nmeans here though. Entrusting his daughters is the topic of this clause but I\ndon't know what this verb is saying about the topic. My jisho and google\nsearches have come up empty. If anyone could help me out here, I would really\nappreciate it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T21:31:58.860",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70609",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-14T20:13:24.203",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-14T20:13:24.203",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33404",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "What does おけない mean in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 268
}
|
[
{
"body": "任せてはおけない is an emphatic form of 任せておけない, where おけない is a negative of おける\n(potential of おく).\n\nThere are other questions on the site [dealing with\n~ておく](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/search?q=%E3%81%A6%E3%81%8A%E3%81%8F)\nso I'll skip the explanation but the general meaning of the sentence seems to\nbe \"I can't very well leave [my] daughters in [your] care with such\nconditions\".\n\nStep by step breakdown:\n\n任せておく - leave in care/trust\n\n任せておける - able to leave in care/trust\n\n任せておけない - unable/cannot leave in care/trust\n\n任せてはおけない - definitely cannot leave in care/trust",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T22:03:44.660",
"id": "70612",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T22:10:30.823",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-06T22:10:30.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "3295",
"owner_user_id": "3295",
"parent_id": "70609",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70609
|
70612
|
70612
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I see some words ending with eo or io and I try to pronounce as eyo or iyo but\nI do not know if that is correct.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-06T21:45:32.797",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70610",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-06T21:45:32.797",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35285",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Are words with the combinations of ia io and ea eo pronounced the same as iya iyo and eya eyo",
"view_count": 232
}
|
[] |
70610
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70615",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I wanted to double-check the translation of the below sentence:\n\n\"山本さんは今月限りで退職します\"\n\nI believe it means Ms. Yamamoto will retire starting this month. However, I\nhave seen others translate a sentence like this as \"Ms. Yamamoto will retire\njust for this month\". Just to verify, is my translation accurate?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T01:54:12.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70614",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T03:35:40.273",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35289",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "〜を限りに/で (Full range of meanings)",
"view_count": 61
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「Time Word + 限{かぎ}り + で」\n\nmeans:\n\n> \"at the end of [Time Word]\"\n\nI could not think of another meaning since this is pretty much a fixed\nexpression.\n\nA little more formal and fairly stiff expression with the same meaning would\nbe:\n\n> 「Time Word + を + 限{かぎ}り + に」\n\nTherefore, the sentence:\n\n> 「山本{やまもと}さんは今月限{こんげつかぎ}りで退職{たいしょく}します。」\n\ncan only mean:\n\n> \"Yamamoto-san will leave (our organization) at the end of this month.\"\n\nThis would mean that your translaion is much more accurate than the other. Of\ncourse, whether Yamamoto is \"retiring for good\" or going to work for a new\norganization cannot be known from this sentence alone.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T03:01:19.463",
"id": "70615",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T03:35:40.273",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T03:35:40.273",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "70614",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70614
|
70615
|
70615
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70617",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Given the following text:\n\n> 東京都のある女性が、2017年10月23日から連絡が取れ[なく]{LL}なり、[行方]{«ゆくえ»}[不明]{ふ・めい}になっていた。\n\nWhat’s the grammar for 「なく」after「取れ」? (e.g passive form or negate form, for\nfurther googling)\n\nAlso, would that be different if I use 「連絡が取れない」?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T04:59:25.460",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70616",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T06:03:51.037",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T06:00:57.367",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "35290",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What’s なく after a verb for?",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "As you (probably) know, ～なる means \"to become\". For ナ-adjectives and nouns, it\nis preceded by に, such as 友達になる, 元気になる, etc. For イ-adjectives and words that\nconjugate like them, it is preceded by the \"adverbial\" ～く form; 新しくなる, 明るくなる,\n行きたくなる (\"become wanting to go\"), etc.\n\nThis is just a case of the ～ない form of the verbー取れない (which conjugates like an\nイ-adj.)ーbehaving \"adverbially\" in front of なる. So it would translate as, \"A\nTokyo woman became un **able** (取れる is the potential form) to be reached after\n2017/10/23, and her whereabouts were unknown\".\n\n> Also, would that be different if I use 「連絡が取れない」?\n\nYou could not just use 取れない here because of the から in the sentence. It's\nsaying that _starting_ on that date, contact with her could not be made, and\ncontinued on for some time. If it were に instead of から, then you could use\n取れない because then it's just a one-time action.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T05:58:02.923",
"id": "70617",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T06:03:51.037",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T06:03:51.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "78",
"parent_id": "70616",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70616
|
70617
|
70617
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "The context is the following: in a manga there are 2 characters talking. One\nof them says something and the other says back to him, \"うそつけ!!\". It is\ntranslated as \"Liar!!\". I understand that \"うそ\" means \"a lie\". What about \"つけ\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T10:12:57.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70619",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T10:18:14.827",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27859",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does つけ in \"うそつけ\" mean?",
"view_count": 74
}
|
[] |
70619
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70639",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When chatting, after こちらこそ is used, I will say はい or どうも. Is this appropriate\nor should I say nothing and just start chatting?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T10:58:13.040",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70620",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T01:55:13.130",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What is a proper response to こちらこそ?",
"view_count": 282
}
|
[
{
"body": "That's generally the end of it. Someone replying to your 'Thank you' with 'No,\nthank **_you!_** ' doesn't require a response.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T01:55:13.130",
"id": "70639",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T01:55:13.130",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "70620",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70620
|
70639
|
70639
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70626",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am studying Japanese grammar and believe that ならでは generally translates to\n\"uniquely applying to\" or \"special to\" the noun that proceeds it. I can\ntranslate most example sentences but had difficulty translating the below\nsentence:\n\nこの味はおふくろの手作りならでは出せない味だ。\n\nMy tentative translation of this sentence is: \"This is **not** the same taste\nthat is special/unique to my mother's handmade food.\"\n\nDoes this seem like a reasonable way to interpret this sentence?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T12:01:20.463",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70621",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T16:36:36.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35289",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "ならでは (uniquely applying to, special to)",
"view_count": 210
}
|
[
{
"body": "On my phone so this will be an abbreviated answer, but ならでは has two (related)\nusages:\n\n> １ （多く「ならではの」の形で）ただ…だけ。「日本ならではの習慣だ」. ２\n> （多く、下に打消しの語を伴って）…でなくては。…以外には。「下町ならでは見ることのできない光景」\n\nYou are probably trying to apply meaning 1, but it’s meaning 2 here (as can be\nseen by the accompanying negative). It is indeed odd that the meanings are\nalmost opposite one another, but I think it can be sort of unified if you\nthink of #1 as ならでは(できない)→以外には(できない)→だけが(できる). I don’t know if that’s the\netymology but it seems possible. Perhaps it’s useful to imagine an abbreviated\nない or できない after the ならでは.\n\nThis makes your sentence mean something like\n\n> この味はおふくろの手作りならでは出せない味だ。 \n> “This taste doesn’t exist outside of my mother’s homemade cooking” (loose\n> translation)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T16:30:01.350",
"id": "70626",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T16:36:36.890",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T16:36:36.890",
"last_editor_user_id": "3097",
"owner_user_id": "3097",
"parent_id": "70621",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70621
|
70626
|
70626
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70637",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Came across this.\n\n> いい年して屁理屈をこねないように\n\nI found out that 屁理屈 and こねる means \"to argue for argument's sake\" (while one\nis noun and the latter is verb.)\n\nMy question here is can 屁理屈 be dropped entirely and still have the same\nmeaning?\n\nOh and just in case, am I correct in assuming the meaning is something along\nthe lines of \"I'm old enough not to argue for argument's sake.\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T12:45:38.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70622",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T02:20:49.037",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Is \"屁理屈\" redundant in this sentence?",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "屁理屈{へりくつ}をこねる is almost a set phrase.\n「屁理屈{へりくつ}を並{なら}べる」,「屁理屈{へりくつ}を言{い}う」,「屁理屈{へりくつ}をこく」 are similar set phrase as\n_\"to argue for argument's sake\"_ . You can't omit 屁理屈{へりくつ} to mean it, but\nyou might replace it into\n\"[駄々をこねる](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%84%E3%80%85)\" for the children\nto imply similar things.\n\nこねる itself is normally used in making Bread, Hamburger patty, etc.\n\nこねる: to mix, to manipulate like kneading, etc. + しない : do not + ように : the\nrequest, somewhat imperative way.\n\nSo,\n\n```\n\n いい年して屁理屈をこねないように\n \n```\n\n> _You are old enough. So, try not to argue/advise you stop arguing for\n> argument's sake._",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T00:22:49.857",
"id": "70637",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T02:20:49.037",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T02:20:49.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "34735",
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70622",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70622
|
70637
|
70637
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "What is the difference between を vs の in 何を勉強します and 何の勉強します ?\n\nI noticed in sentences both variants. And I wonder which of them more properly\nor in which case they are should be used?\n\nP.S.Neither english nor japanese are native languages for me.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T15:15:21.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70624",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T15:15:21.613",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35292",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-の",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What is the difference between を vs の in 何を勉強します and 何の勉強します?",
"view_count": 154
}
|
[] |
70624
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70627",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was watching JoJo's Bizarre Adventure where Baron Zepelli introduces\nhimself, and it sounds like he says ”私はZepelliだんしゃんだ”. Here's a link to the\nscene\n[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWaAct40xZ0&t=1m1s](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWaAct40xZ0&t=1m1s).\nI looked up the word for baron and found 男爵 / だんしゃく. Am I hearing it wrong, or\nis the trailing くdropped? If it is dropped, then is it just some Japanese\ndialect or is there a rule for it?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T16:16:55.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70625",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T17:06:27.043",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T16:35:33.717",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35293",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Pronunciation of [ 男爵 / だんしゃく ]",
"view_count": 82
}
|
[
{
"body": "The 声優{せいゆう}, voice actor pronounces 私はツェッペリ男爵{だんしゃく}だ as in the original\nscene. But he uses turn of the phrase from the noble. It might sound more\ndifferent to your ear than as usual.\n\nAnd the assertion「 **だ** 」sounds stronger than「 **く** 」to emphasize dignity\nand his upbringing.\n\nIt might confuse you.\n\nThe original scene from Jojo below actually put furigana-ruby for だんしゃく in 男爵.\n\n**わたしは ツェペリ男爵{だんしゃく}だ 勇気{ゆうき}だけでは「石仮面{いしかめん}」の力{ちから}には 勝{か}てんよォーーー** 」\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/cVyvd.jpg)\n\n©荒木飛呂彦&LUCKY LAND COMMUNICATIONS/集英社",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T16:49:39.400",
"id": "70627",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-07T17:06:27.043",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-07T17:06:27.043",
"last_editor_user_id": "34735",
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70625",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70625
|
70627
|
70627
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70642",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The full sentence is「おい起【た】て。起【た】たんか」頭の所に立っていた伍長が怒鳴った。 This is older Japanese\nby the way, so 「起て」and 「起たんか」are pronounced 「たて」and「たたんか」。 Anyway, I was\nwondering what the conjugation in 「起【た】たんか」means. I'm guessing it's a command\nor something, but I'm not sure.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T16:57:44.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70628",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T03:59:39.417",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T03:13:23.427",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "35295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"conjugations"
],
"title": "What is the conjugation in the word 「起たんか」and what does it mean?",
"view_count": 166
}
|
[
{
"body": "> [起]{た}たんか \n> _Get up! / Stand up!_\n\nIt consists of: verb たつ + literary negative ん + question particle か\n\nIt's a literary version of [起]{た}たないか.\n\n「～ないか。」 expresses (strong) command. From\n[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/162301/meaning/m0u/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%8B/):\n\n> ないか \n> ［連語］《助動詞「ない」＋終助詞「か」》 \n> ２ 命令の意を表す。「早くし **ないか** 」「もたもたしないでさっさと歩か **ないか** 」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T03:59:39.417",
"id": "70642",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T03:59:39.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "70628",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70628
|
70642
|
70642
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70664",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I know there are already a few questions about this topic on this website,\nhowever none of them seemed to really help me with the issue.\n\nThe ~てほしい contruction is used to express that someone wants someone/something\nelse to do something. Now, my problem is with the particle that is used to\nmark the person/thing that is supposed to carry out the desired action: Should\nit be が or に, or can it be both?\n\nIn most examples I saw, に was used. For example:\n\n> あなたに幸せになってほしい。\n\nBut occasionally, there were also examples with が. So I tried to think about a\nsolution, and I came up with the idea that maybe が was only used to avoid\nmisunderstandings, such as in the following example provided by Toshihiko in\nthe answer to the question [てほしい particle\nusage](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/29223/%e3%81%a6%e3%81%bb%e3%81%97%e3%81%84-particle-\nusage):\n\n> 私はあなたが彼に英語を教えてほしい。 \n> I want you to teach him English.\n\nBut then I found another example sentence:\n\n> 冬が早く来て欲しい。 \n> I want winter to come soon.\n\nHere, the が doesn't seem to be used to avoid any misunderstandings because the\nsentence is simple enough as it is.\n\nSo after all, what determines if you should use が or に to mark the person or\nthing that should carry out the action when using the ~てほしい construction?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T17:17:21.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70630",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-20T07:00:48.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "33212",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-に",
"particle-が"
],
"title": "に vs. が in the ~てほしい construction",
"view_count": 767
}
|
[
{
"body": "が is emphasizing the noun before it than に.\n\nあなたに幸せになってほしい \nI want you to be happy.\n\nあなたが幸せになってほしい \nI want **YOU** to be happy. It's not common and must be some important meaning\non 'you'. More like dialogue in a movie.\n\nAlthough I feel your second example is simply wrong. In this case we should\nuse に. Even it has to be \"you\" who teach him English.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T08:37:28.300",
"id": "70664",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T08:37:28.300",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35310",
"parent_id": "70630",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "> あなたに幸せになってほしい。\n\nThis sentence implies encouraging the listener when the speaker will help the\npartner need to be happy.\n\nIn a similar way, next sentence is also kind of encouragement.\n\n> 私はあなた **が** 彼に英語を教えてほしい。 I request/ask **you** to teach English.\n\nThis is the mix of emphatic \"が\" to specify the person and requesting/asking\nthem to.\n\nWhile,\n\n> 冬が早く来て欲しい。I expect/look forward winter to coming soon.\n\nThis is not simply a request, but you are hoping something to happen.\n〜が...て欲しい does not supply a particular instruction though, it could be a\nrequest in a roundabout way. In this case, the winter does not listen to your\nrequest. So, 冬に早く来て欲しい is strange.\n\n> ex) 電気が早く通ってほしい。\n\nWhether the electricity will immediately run during blackout/power outage is\nnot really under your control. Saying so might indirectly be telling local\ngovernments/electric power companies to react on soon though.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-16T07:19:44.200",
"id": "71835",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-16T07:19:44.200",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70630",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "## Kimi Tanaka's answer\n\nFirst I want to cite Kimi Tanaka's answer and he/she says that:\n\n> > 冬が早く来て欲しい\n>\n> This is not simply a request, but you are hoping something to happen.\n> 〜が...て欲しい does not supply a particular instruction though, it could be a\n> request in a roundabout way. In this case, the winter does not listen to\n> your request. So, 冬に早く来て欲しい is strange.\n\nI agree to this explanation.\n\nFor general, `XがYする` means X does Y for X's own demand. And `ZがXにYをさせる` means\nZ makes X to do Y **for Z's demand**.\n\nSo like\n\n> 冬が来る。 (\"Winter comes.\")\n\nsounds natural while\n\n> 冬に早く来て欲しい。\n\nis strange because the winter comes no matter if you wish it to come earlier.\n\n## ゆるキャン's answer\n\nゆるキャン showed a good point and I agree to it.\n\n## Summary\n\nI don't have no reference but I think:\n\n 1. `が` has emphasizing effect, but can easily be strange if you mention to things you can't control / ask to do something\n 2. `には` has almost same effect of `に`. In some cases `には` is effective to emphasize what you mention to.\n\nSome examples here.\n\n> あなたに幸せになってほしい。 (Sounds natural)\n>\n> あなたが幸せになってほしい。 (Sounds a bit strange but not invalid. It sounds like it\n> emphasizes あなた)\n>\n> あなたには幸せになってほしい。(Sounds way natural, and the speaker is not hoping another\n> person's happiness but yours. Better emphasis than `が`.)\n>\n> 彼にこの仕事をやってほしい (Natural. It means \"I want him to do this job\")\n>\n> 彼がこの仕事をやってほしい (Sounds wrong / invalid)\n>\n> 彼にはこの仕事をやってほしい (Natural, almost equivalent to `に` version)\n>\n> あの犬に元気になってほしい (Natural. It means \"I hope that dog gets better.\")\n>\n> あの犬が元気になってほしい (Very strange, almost invalid)\n>\n> あの犬には元気になってほしい (Natural, and perhaps **more** natural than `に` version)\n\n`あなたに彼に英語を教えてほしい` has another object `彼に` in it and it causes difference to\n`が`, `に`, `には` usages.\n\n> あなたに彼に英語を教えてほしい (A bit strange, it's because the same postpositional\n> particle `に` occurs multiple times. It should be avoided.)\n>\n> あなたが彼に英語を教えてほしい (Natural. There may be other people who can teach English\n> but the speaker wishes YOU to teach him English.)\n>\n> あなたには彼に英語を教えてほしい (Natural. The speaker assigns you to teach him English.\n> It's unclear that there are more people who can teach English.)\n\n`に` and `には` has similar usage so they can be used to avoid the same\npostpositional particle to appear multiple times in one sentence.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-20T07:00:48.423",
"id": "71938",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-20T07:00:48.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5353",
"parent_id": "70630",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70630
|
70664
|
70664
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70641",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I watched a song \"あの娘シークレット\", and there are these lyrics:\n\n> 僕に初めて 見せるような表情 \n> でもそれは僕に向けてじゃないよ\n\n(Youtube link with timestamp: <https://youtu.be/sgdPlDG1-8k?t=106>)\n\nMy question: I have never seen a じゃない right after a te-form. I get the meaning\nof the lyrics, but the grammar gives me difficulty here. Is it not normal to\nwrite \"向けてない\" here instead?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T18:19:40.467",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70632",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T03:57:06.547",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35297",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"negation"
],
"title": "Explaining \"向けてじゃないよ\"",
"view_count": 264
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 僕{ぼく}に初{はじ}めて 見{み}せるような表情{ひょうじょう}\n>\n> でもそれは僕に向{む}けてじゃないよ\n\nThe 「じゃない」 in 「向けてじゃない」 is _**not**_ negating the verb 「向ける」, at least not\ndirectly. A direct negation of 「向ける」 would be 「向けない」, 「向けていない」, etc. instead.\n\n「向けてじゃない」＝「向けてではない」\n\nThe 「じゃない」 here is negating that the girl's facial expression is being made\nspecifically for/toward the speaker （僕）.\n\nTo use the actual words, the 「じゃない」 is negating the (somewhat conceited) idea\n「僕に初めて見せるような表情は僕に向けて（のもの）だ」.\n\nIn other words, it is saying 「それは[僕に向けての表情]ではない」.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T03:57:06.547",
"id": "70641",
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"parent_id": "70632",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70632
|
70641
|
70641
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "50 second short interview. Since I am doing this myself and I'm not a native\nJapanese speaker, Japanese transcript may not be 100% accurate. [Ocarina of\nTime Japanese Promo](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLu5csyn3IQ)\n\n-Shigeru Miyamoto interview-\n\n10:35-11:25/43:00\n\n> こんにちは。任天堂の宮本です。 \n> Hello. I'm Shigeru Miyamoto, from Nintendo.\n>\n> え、本当に長い間お待たせしました。 \n> Sorry for making you wait for so long.\n>\n> やっと「ゼルダの伝説」が完成いたしました。 \n> We've finally finished another Zelda game.\n>\n> 基本的にはその10年前のゲームといっしょです。 \n> It has the same atmosphere of the game released 10 years ago. \n> (Fundamentally it is the same as the game of 10 years ago.)\n>\n> けどもそれが３Ｄで、いろんなアイテムが３次元の中で **動いていく** こととかで、全然違う使い方になったりですね。 \n> けどもそれが３Ｄで、いろんなアイテムが３次元の中で **合意という** こととかで、全然違う使い方になったりですね。 \n> But many items are used in a completely different way now in 3-D.\n>\n> 非常に発展してきています。 \n> It has evolved a lot.\n>\n> ゲーム時間はおそらく、今までのゼルダの中で最高になると思います。 \n> I think this game may be the longest of all Zelda titles to date.\n>\n> 50時間を保証します。 **あと同じか** 遊ぶかは面白させたいということで、かなりボリュームのあるゲームになっているはずです。 \n> **あとな時間** 遊ぶかは面白(い)させたいということで、かなりボリュームのあるゲームになっているはずです。 \n> I can guarantee 50 hours, plus some more hours just for fun. It's a game\n> with a lot of content.\n>\n> 映画のようで映画でなく、ゲームのようでゲームでな、本当に触れる映像ということをテーマに作ってきました。 \n> It's not like a movie and it's not like a game either. We truly wanted to\n> develop interactive graphics.\n>\n> とても楽しい世界が出来上がりましたので、皆さんで楽しんでください。 \n> We've created a very fun world. Everyone, please enjoy it.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T19:26:42.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70633",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T03:01:13.170",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T03:01:13.170",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "32890",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"listening"
],
"title": "Does あとな時間 mean 'plus some more hours'?",
"view_count": 138
}
|
[
{
"body": "Quick review of the scene of [the interview of 宮本茂{みやもとしげる} \"shigeru\nmiyamoto\"](https://youtu.be/TLu5csyn3IQ?t=635).\n\nI think your interpretation of ' _plus some more hours_ ' is close.\n\n> Transcription of Japanese: **50時間{じかん} は保証{ほしょう}します** 。あと「 **何時間{なんじかん}**\n> 」、遊ぶかは「 **面白{おもしろ}さ** **次第{しだい}** 」 ということで、かなりボリュームのあるゲームになっているはずです。\n>\n> My translation: **I will guarantee at least 50 hours. And, how many more\n> hours you will be playing depends on whether you are having fun. Anyway,**\n> _It's a game with a lot of content._",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T00:06:53.637",
"id": "70635",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T02:56:40.367",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70633",
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"score": 4
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70633
| null |
70635
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "_The おお reading is out of the scope of this question - it might be involved in\nthe answer though_\n\nI'm learning some vocabulary, and noticed that 大 was sometimes read だい,\nsometimes たい.\n\nThe instance that surprises me the most is these two words:\n\n> 大暑{たいしょ}\n>\n> 大寒{だいかん}\n\nWhat is the reason why 大 is read たい in the first word, and だい in the second? I\nwould have expected it to be read the same in these two words, since they must\ncome from the same construct or be derived from the same rule.\n\nIs there any rule that states when 大 should be read たい, and when it should be\nread だい?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-07T19:43:54.367",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70634",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "18582",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings",
"multiple-readings"
],
"title": "Reading of 大: だい or たい?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[] |
70634
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70640",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I want to say\n\n> In Japan, I want to ride a bullet train.\n\nI have\n\n> にほん で ぼく は しんかんせん を のります。\n\nIs 「にほん で」 correct? Should it be 「にほん に」? Or perhaps something else?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T00:08:16.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70636",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-11T16:47:24.887",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T08:26:37.633",
"last_editor_user_id": "5464",
"owner_user_id": "35298",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"translation",
"particle-に",
"particle-で"
],
"title": "How to say \"In Japan, I want to ...\"?",
"view_count": 1876
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「にほん で ぼく は しんかんせん を のります。」\n\nis a nice attempt.\n\nI would, however, like to address two items here.\n\n「のります」 simply means \" ** _will ride_** \". If you want to say \" ** _want to\nride_** \", you might want to say 「のりたいです」.\n\n> 「Verb in Continuative Form + たい」 means \"to want to [verb]\".\n\n「のり」 is the continuative form of 「のる」.\n\nThe next thing I need to point out is the particle choice. We say 「しんかんせん\n**に** のる」 and not 「しんかんせん **を** のる」. That is because 「のる」 is an intransitive\nverb and thus, it cannot take 「を」.\n\n> is にほん で correct? should it be `にほん に\"? Or perhaps something else.\n\nIt is correct. You cannot use 「に」 unless the verb is \"stative\". 「のる / のりたい」 is\nnot stative.\n\nStative verbs are 「すむ」(to live), 「いる」(to be),「たいざいする」(to stay), etc. Those\nshould take 「に」.\n\nTherefore, the correct (by any standard) sentence will be:\n\n> 「にほん **で** ぼく **は** しんかんせん **に** のり **たい** です。」",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T03:09:18.463",
"id": "70640",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 22
},
{
"body": "[l'électeur’s answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/70640/11624) is\nsubstantially correct, but since “In Japan” is setting the context for the\nrest of the sentence, I'd say\n\n> にほん で **は､** ぼく **が** …\n\nAnd in fact you could probably leave out ぼく が, and just say\n\n> にほん で は､ しんかんせん に のりたい です。\n\nsince the listener will infer that the subject of のりたい is ぼく.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-11T16:47:24.887",
"id": "71736",
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"owner_user_id": "11624",
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"score": 0
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] |
70636
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70640
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70640
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have noticed this other very similar question:\n\n[Naming suffix -氏 (-し) used by an otaku character in\nanime](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/62108/naming-\nsuffix-%E6%B0%8F-%E3%81%97-used-by-an-otaku-character-in-anime)\n\nNow the point is: in another anime, namely O Maidens in your savage season -\nwhich is airing in these months - the character of Sudou constantly addresses\nher friend Sugawara by calling her Sugawara-shi.\n\nConsidering that Sudou is everything but an otaku, what could this -shi stand\nfor?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T10:31:39.083",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70644",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T04:32:31.533",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"slang",
"suffixes",
"anime"
],
"title": "Usage of -shi after a name",
"view_count": 883
}
|
[
{
"body": "In the real world, -氏 is definitely a strange name suffix among friends. But\nSudō is a **teenager** girl in a **literature** club in an **anime**. Female\nteenagers generally like inventing a funny way of speaking, and being in a\nliterature club means she is familiar with -氏 used in \"serious\" literature\nworks. On top of that, this anime itself is mainly targeted at anime otaku,\nand a fictional character in such a work often speaks in a peculiar way,\nanyway, as you probably know.\n\nBy the way, you said \"Sudō is everything but an otaku\", but at least in\nJapanese, オタク can refer to nerdy people in general. An avid literature fan, a\nrailroad fan and such perfectly qualify as an オタク in the broad sense, and a\nliterature club is often considered an オタク系 club activity. Having a bit of the\nstereotypical otaku trait is not strange as a member of a literature club.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T03:38:21.073",
"id": "70659",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T04:32:31.533",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T04:32:31.533",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70644",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70644
| null |
70659
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70658",
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"body": "I am currently working through the N1 grammar preparation book 「新完全マスター 文法」and\none of the later chapters of the book deals with the difference between\n「その＋名詞」and「この＋名詞」.\n\nThere are two examples given:\n\nFor 「その＋名詞」:\n\n> 新しい調理道具を買った。しかし、 **その** 使い方になれるまで時間がかかりそうだ。（「 **そ** 」の＝「新しい調理道具」\n>\n> explanation: 「その＋名詞」で「そ」が前の文章中のものを指す。\n\nand for 「この／その＋名詞」(both can be used):\n\n> うちの子はある有名人のお嬢さんと同級だ。 **この** ／ **その** お嬢さんが先日うちに遊びに来た。（「 **この** ／ **その**\n> お嬢さん」＝「ある有名人のお嬢さん」）\n>\n> explanation: 「この／その＋名詞」全体で前の文章中のものを指す。\n\nEven with reading the explanation and the two sample sentences, I do not fully\nunderstand the difference between cases where only「その＋名詞」can be used and cases\nwhere both 「この／その＋名詞」are correct. Can anyone clarify?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T11:04:42.520",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70645",
"last_activity_date": "2021-06-16T02:33:31.693",
"last_edit_date": "2021-06-16T02:33:31.693",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "31624",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"demonstratives"
],
"title": "「その＋名詞」ｖｓ「この＋名詞」",
"view_count": 274
}
|
[
{
"body": "In the former example, その is working like _its_ in English, where そ is _it_\nand の is possessive _-s_. In the latter, この/その is like _the/that/this_ in\nEnglish. Compare:\n\n> * 山の中に家がありました。 **その** 屋根は鮮やかな赤色でした。 → その = \"its (roof)\"\n> * 山の中に家がありました。 **その/この** 家には煙突がありました。 → その/この = \"the/this (house)\"\n>\n\nWhen その is working like _its_ , it is not interchangeable with この. When その is\nworking like _the_ , この is also grammatical, although there is an obvious\ndifference in mood (similar to the difference between \"the house\" and \"this\nhouse\" in English).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T02:43:44.520",
"id": "70658",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T02:43:44.520",
"last_edit_date": null,
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] |
70645
|
70658
|
70658
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70661",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just came across a sentence about the National Flag of Japan. I don't think\nI fully understood it. So here it is:\n\n>\n> 話題の旭日旗です。長野県1滋野村2(現3ｰ東御市4、小諸市5)にあった軍6の後援7組織8「滋野軍友会」の旗9。戦前、軍関連の場合は旭日旗を使うのが常識だったのでしょう。そして旭日の光房は16あります。皇室の菊の紋章の16弁に合わせてあるのです。天皇直属の軍隊の象徴であったことを、明確に伝えています。\n\nWhat I understand is this:\n\n> The topic is The Rising Sun Flag. The rising sun flag used by army support\n> organization in the Nagano Prefecture's Shigeno Village (now Toumi and\n> Komoro city). Before the battle and in case of the battle(軍関連の場合?), this\n> flag was used commonly. There are 16 shining lines around the rising sun\n> flag and the armada of Imperial Household is a gold chrysanthemum consisted\n> of 16 petals. This chrysanthemum is in correlation with the 16 shining lines\n> in the flag. Because this symbol symbolizes that the Emperor has a direct\n> control over the army.\n\nDid I understand it well?\n\n> 旭日旗を使うのが常識だったの ''でしょう''\n\nAnd does this phrase grammatically state a probability because of ''deshou''?\n\nLike, Probably the flag was used commonly...",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T11:13:40.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70646",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T05:17:12.767",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T13:52:22.483",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "34644",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"japanese-to-english"
],
"title": "Can you help me understand this sentence please?",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "The word 戦前 normally refers specifically to the pre-WWII period. To say\n\"before the battle\", 戦闘前 or 戦いの前 is used.\n\n> 戦前、 \n> In the prewar period,\n>\n> 軍関連の場合は \n> if an organization was military-related,\n>\n> 旭日旗を使うのが常識だったのでしょう。 \n> I suppose the use of The Rising Sun (as the flag design of the\n> organization) was taken for granted.\n\nYour rough understanding of the remaining sentences seems okay. (光房 seems to\nbe a typo for 光条 or something, although its meaning is self-evident in the\ncontext.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T05:05:34.943",
"id": "70661",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 2
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70646
|
70661
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70661
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the difference between\n\n> 以下の条件を満たす **ような** 日本語スピーカーを探しています\n\nand\n\n> 以下の条件を満たす日本語スピーカーを探しています\n\n?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T15:53:18.070",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70647",
"last_activity_date": "2023-05-19T18:06:25.757",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-08T23:17:01.370",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "35303",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does 「ような 」mean in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 397
}
|
[
{
"body": "First of all, welcome to the Japanese Stackexchange!\n\n「よう」 can be used in many different patterns and you can combine it with nouns,\nadjectives verbs and so on (check out this\n[excellent](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/70435/32952) answer about\nit). However, if I were to simplify it to the core, it basically means \"like\"\nor \"similar to\".\n\nFor example:\n\n> ハリーポッターの小説【しょうせつ】。The novel Harry Potter.\n>\n> ハリーポッターのような小説【しょうせつ】。Novel(s) like Harry Potter.\n\nThe group of books that could fit the second sentence is wider than the amount\nof books that fit the first one. The books that fit the first sentence would\nbe _strictly_ the books in the Harry Potter series, but the books that fit the\nsecond description would include any fantasy novel that is _like_ a Harry\nPotter novel or that _shares some qualities with_ Harry Potter for whatever\nreason.\n\nSo, I think that adding 「ような」in your original sentence makes a difference:\n\n> ①以下の条件を満たす日本語スピーカーを探しています。Looking for a Japanese speaker that satisfies the\n> following conditions.\n>\n> ②以下の条件を満たす **ような** 日本語スピーカーを探しています。Looking for a Japanese speaker that\n> satisfies the following conditions, **or such**.\n\nFor example, if it was an IT job offer and the conditions to meet were \"to\nhold a degree in Computer Science\", someone who has a degree in\nTelecommunications Systems (a major related to Computer Science but different)\nwould have more chances to get the job in the case ② than in the case ①,\nbecause in ① they are looking for Computer Science graduates specifically, but\nin ② they are looking for someone who can perform like a Computer Science\ngraduate, regardless of whether he holds that particular degree or not.\n\n[Here you are one of the\nanswers](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/57527/32952) in this site that\nexplains it nicely.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T22:10:10.670",
"id": "70656",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-24T14:30:00.827",
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}
] |
70647
| null |
70656
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70660",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The sentence is:\n\n> 俯伏{うつぶ}しに延｛の｝び切｛き｝った身体｛からだ｝を縮｛ちぢ｝めて一寸{ちょっと}腰｛こし｝の所｛ところ｝を高｛たか｝くした。\n\nFor context, this is a short story by Naoya Shiga, the name is 「十一月三日午後の事」.\nRight before this sentence, the subject of this sentence trips and falls face\ndown and is very exhausted. He has someone trying to help him up, and he is\ntrying to get up as well.\n\nI know the meanings of the words individually or the probable meaning for\nthose that have more than one, however, I'm unable to picture what the author\nis trying to say.\n\nLater on, the author describes this action as\n\n> 芝居{しばい}で殺｛ころ｝された奴｛やつ｝が俯伏｛うつぶ｝しになった場合｛ばあい｝よくそう云｛い｝う動作｛どうさ｝をする。\n\nI took this to mean \"In a play, when the guy who gets killed is lying face\ndown, he often does this action.\"\n\nHowever, I still can't put together what the author means.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T17:11:56.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70648",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T09:13:46.957",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T01:11:47.230",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "35295",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Need help with translating a sentence",
"view_count": 144
}
|
[
{
"body": "ちょっと腰のところを高くする (\"to elevate one's hip/pelvis a bit\") from the うつ伏しにのびきった\n(\"flat prone\") position should look like this:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/rWorMm.png)\n\nIn a movie cut scene, we often see a dying person who doesn't have enough\nenergy to stand or sit does this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T04:04:48.857",
"id": "70660",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T09:13:46.957",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T09:13:46.957",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70648",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70648
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70660
|
70660
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70651",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い **ほう** だ。\n\nI guess the sentence means something along the lines of \"Even within the\n[whole] world, the working hours in Japan are long\". But I think it could be\nexpressed simply without the「ほうだ」bit:\n\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い。\n\nI know that 「方【ほう】」can mean direction; side; way or manner, but none of these\nmeanings seems to fit well here. According to the dictionary, there is also\nthe meaning \"type, category\" which could be a good candidate. I'm thinking of\nsomething like working hours of the \"long type\" (長いほう), but I'm just\nspeculating.\n\nI also have the feeling that some sort of comparison is happening here as ほう\nis used for comparison in patterns such as (〜より 、〜ほうが), where the working time\nin Japan is being compared to the working time in the world, but I can't\nfigure it out.\n\nMind I'm not sure about the 「世界でも」part, so if my \"even within the world\"\ntranslation is not right, please feel free to correct it as well.\n\nよろしくお願いします！",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T18:10:47.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70649",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T21:29:07.390",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 「ほう」in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 2562
}
|
[
{
"body": "If I were translating these sentences naturally but relatively 'faithfully'\ninto English, I'd probably go for the following:\n\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長いほうだ。\n>\n> Working hours in Japan are on the long(er) side, even globally.\n>\n> Working hours in Japan are at the long(er) end, even globally.\n>\n> ~ ~ ~\n>\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い。\n>\n> Working hours in Japan are long, even globally.\n\nI translate 長いほう as 'long(er) side/end' to give a sense of direction, which ほう\nexpresses. As you note, ほう often crops up in comparisons, because it indicates\nthe choice of one way or one thing _instead_ of another - perhaps you can\nthink about it as one choice that is directionally different from another\nchoice.\n\nFor the same reason, you use ほう(＝方) for expressions like \"On the one hand ...\non the other hand\" : 一方{いっぽう}・・・一方{いっぽう}.\n\nN.B. I know you said that you didn't think 'side' was a good fit here, so\napologies that I used it above -- the sentence I suggest would be well\nunderstood in (British) English, I think!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T19:21:22.473",
"id": "70651",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T19:28:42.727",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "33435",
"parent_id": "70649",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
},
{
"body": "It is the following definition on 明鏡国語辞典:\n\n> ❺ 《「…━だ」の形で、連体修飾句を受けて》どちらかというとその部類に属する意を表す。\n>\n> 「背は高い━だ」\n>\n> 「これだけできれば上出来の━だ」\n\nYour sentence says that if the world was divided into the countries that work\n\"long\" hours and those that don't, Japan would belong among the countries that\nwork \"long\" hours.\n\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い。(Japan's working hours are long even globally)\n>\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い **ほう** だ。(Japan's working hours are on the long **side** even\n> globally)\n\nis the difference expressed in English.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T19:30:06.930",
"id": "70652",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T19:30:06.930",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "10045",
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"score": 8
},
{
"body": "I asked a Japanese person about this sentence, and her explanation is that\nadding ほうだ at the end of the sentence \"softens\" the statement. In other words,\nit adds a feeling of uncertainity or relativity to the statement, i.e. a\nfeeling that the speaker is not completely sure about what he or she is\nsaying. I also found an [answer in a Q&A\nforum](https://www.italki.com/question/320497?hl=ja) that supports this\nexplanation.\n\nAccording to this explanation, the original sentence could be translated as:\n\n> 日本の労働時間は世界でも長い **ほうだ** 。 Working hours in Japan are **relatively** long,\n> even globally.\n\nI don't think this explanation is mutually exclusive with the answers given\nhere (that ~長いほう means \"on the long(er) side\") , but it's worth bringing it to\nthe table. Perhaps some other Stack members can provide more insight into\nthis?\n\nThank you all!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T21:29:07.390",
"id": "70654",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T21:29:07.390",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "32952",
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"score": 6
}
] |
70649
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70651
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70651
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70665",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm learning the ～てからでなければ... grammar pattern, which my textbook defines as:\n\n```\n\n Until/unless ~ happens or is done, ... cannot happen or be done either. Used in negating or negative statements.\n \n```\n\nOne of the practice problems is as follows (pick the best answer):\n\n```\n\n ４時に（ ）飛行機の時間には間に合わない。\n \n```\n\nA: 起きなければ\n\nor\n\nB: 起きてからでなければ\n\nThe answer key says A is correct, but I don't understand why. Is there\nsomething grammatically wrong with B or is there a semantic nuance difference?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T18:45:41.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70650",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T10:59:43.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35041",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "~てからでなければ vs ～なければ",
"view_count": 352
}
|
[
{
"body": "> Until/unless ~ happens or is done, ... cannot happen or be done either. Used\n> in negating or negative statements.\n\nI agree with the definition of ～てからでなければ in this sentence.\n\n**４時に起きてからでなければ飛行機の時間には間に合わない。**\n\n_Until/unless you wake up at 4 o'clock, you cannot arrive the time of\ndeparture of flight._\n\nThis is a weird situation isn't it? If you wake up before 4 o'clock say at 3\no'clock, will you miss the flight?\n\n**４時に起きなければ飛行機の時間には間に合わない。**\n\nSo, this is conditional sentence.\n\n_If you don't wake up at 4 o'clock, you will miss the flight. ⇨ If you wake up\nbefore 4 o'clock, you can get on the flight._",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T10:59:43.007",
"id": "70665",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T10:59:43.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70650",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70650
|
70665
|
70665
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70657",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the following sentence in a manga I was reading:\n\n> 急いでるみたいだけど間に合ったとして赤点回避なんてできると思ってるの\n\nA boy is being accompanied by a group of girls and they are hurrying to school\nso they can make it in time for a mid term exam. While on their way to school,\nthey run into a young boy who lost his mother and is asking for help. One of\nthe girls says the sentence in question to the boy. I would also like to add\nthat the boy (not the lost boy) was making a big deal about getting to school\non time and hurrying.\n\nIn the first part of the sentence (before として), 急いでるみたいだけど間に合った , I believe\nthat she says, \"It seems that we were hurrying, however, to be in time (past\ntense).\" The past tense threw me off. I believe that is because it relies on\nthe second part of the sentence.\n\nThen として, from what I've seen, seems to only come after a noun, and what came\nbefore it isn't modifying anything that bundles it into a noun. I've also seen\na few English translations for it that make it out to be \"as for\" or \"from the\nviewpoint of\" and the following post, [What does として mean\nhere?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/11230/what-\ndoes-%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6-mean-here), makes me believe that this may\njust be an instance of と する.\n\nWhat comes after として seems to be saying that the speaker thinks that they can\navoid getting a failing mark on the test and the use of なんて seems to be\ndownplaying the importance of the situation. (They would fail if they were\nlate.) So the whole sentence would be something like, \"It seems like we are\nhurrying, however I think we can make it in time and avoid failing our tests.\"\nI believe this to be right but I just can't see how the Japanese is working\nhere.\n\nSo my question is, how is everything working here? What's the translation of\nthis sentence? How is として used? Does the と particle have one of its typical\nfunctions here like its conditional use and why is 間に合った in the past?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T21:42:37.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70655",
"last_activity_date": "2023-09-02T01:13:03.387",
"last_edit_date": "2023-09-02T01:13:03.387",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "33404",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"conditionals"
],
"title": "How is this sentence \"working\" after として?",
"view_count": 629
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「急{いそ}いでるみたいだけど間{ま}に合{あ}ったとして赤点回避{あかてんかいひ}なんてできると思{おも}ってるの」\n\nBecause practically no punctuations are used in manga, I get to place some\nhere.\n\n> 「急いでるみたいだけど、間に合ったとして (comma optional here) 赤点回避なんてできると思ってるの ？」\n\nFirstly, this is basically a question.\n\nSecondly, you seem to be \"seeing\" the wrong 「として」here. This 「として」 is\n**conditional** -- \" ** _even if_** \". I could end my answer right here as\nthis would automatically clear up your other doubts as well.\n\n「間に合ったとして」＝「 **もし** 間に合ったとして **も** 」\n\nWhy use the past tense 「間に合っ **た** 」? Well, wouldn't you do the same in\nEnglish? \"Even if we **_made_** it to school in time\"? This is the conditional\n「た」 and not the past-tense 「た」 though the two come in the same form (just as\nin English).\n\nPlease remember that the past tense is only one of the usages of 「た」. We get\nso many questions about 「た」 here that I have to wonder if they actually teach\noutside of Japan that 「た」 always denotes past tense.\n\nMy own TL:\n\n> \"You/We seem to be in a hurry, but even if we made it to school in time, do\n> you really think we could avoid flunking?\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-08T23:00:08.150",
"id": "70657",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-08T23:00:08.150",
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"parent_id": "70655",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
70655
|
70657
|
70657
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70667",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I ran into the word ブレ when looking for cameras. But after searching I've also\nseen it in this usage, like in here: <http://metalpilldrums.cocolog-\nnifty.com/okazu/2011/12/index.html>\n\n> 清く正しく潔く、言う事やる事 **ブレない** で生きたいねぇ\n\nDoes this have to do with the \"deviation\" meaning as japandict says?\n<https://www.japandict.com/%E3%81%B6%E3%82%8C>\n\nLike \"やる事ブレない\" is \"To not deviate from what I'm doing.\"\n\nAm I wrong?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T11:11:51.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70666",
"last_activity_date": "2021-02-06T20:58:35.580",
"last_edit_date": "2021-02-06T20:58:35.580",
"last_editor_user_id": "37097",
"owner_user_id": "33999",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"やる事ブレない\" mean?",
"view_count": 250
}
|
[
{
"body": "The \"physical\" meaning of ぶれる is \"to deviate (from the correct position)\" or\n\"to be blurred\". ぶれる also has a figurative meaning, \"to waver\", \"(for one's\nopinion, policy, etc.) to become inconsistent\", etc. Note that ブレる is an\n_intransitive_ verb, and 言う事やる事 in your example is not its object.\n\n> 言う事やる事ブレないで生きたい \n> = 言う事 **や** やる事 **が** ブレないように生きたい \n> (Literally) I want to live so that what I do or say does not waver.\n\nThe nuance is \"I want to have a consistent principle/policy and live up to\nit.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T11:42:39.797",
"id": "70667",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T11:48:29.090",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T11:48:29.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70666",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70666
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70667
|
70667
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70670",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When someone says \"流れるように\", does it automatically mean \"流れるように動く\"?\n\nCause I found the hashtag \"流れるように\" on twitter and I was wondering if this is\nthe case.\n\n<https://twitter.com/hashtag/%E6%B5%81%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%AB?src=hash>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T11:51:27.180",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70668",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T13:20:25.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34028",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does \"流れるように\" mean?",
"view_count": 172
}
|
[
{
"body": "The literal meaning of 流れるように is just \"as if flowing\" or \"like a flow\". The\ncorresponding verb depends on the context, as shown below, but it's usually\n_not_ 動く.\n\nThis hashtag is far from popular (less than 100 tweets in the last 5 years),\nand apparently it is used in **many** different ways. You have to determine\nthe meaning of 流れるように on a case-by-case basis, and to do so, you have to be\nfairly good at Japanese net slang.\n\n * \"(physically) smooth\", \"like a streamline\"\n * \"like a chain reaction\", \"like an avalanche\" \n\n> * ジャニーズもSMAPの一件から流れるように様々な動きがありますね\n\n * \"without resisting\", \"without causing trouble\" \n\n> * 自然に生きればいいんだよ #自然 #ありのまま #流れるように #宇宙\n\n * \"as always\", \"smoothly\", \"without pause/break\" \n\n> * #帰宅して #流れるように #PCへ\n> * 5話からメドレーそして5話 #流れるように\n\n * (joke) \"as if it were natural\", \"boldly without hesitation\", \"daringly\" \n\n> * どぎゃーーーーーん柏戦日曜やないかやすむ #流れるように\n> * お見舞いありがとうございます。わーやさしいなーろくさんは。なにかください。#流れるように\n\n * (joke) \"Here I said something surprising knowing no one would care now\", \"I said it nonchalantly as if it were nothing, but I'm just kidding\", \"Everyone is saying something unusual, so I'm saying this too\" \n\n> * 最近毎日ウィンナー食べてるけど別に私ホモだからね #流れるように\n> * ちょっと人妻と絡んできます #流れるように\n\nThe last one is very tricky, but it's in the same vein as\n[この流れなら言える](https://sabanavi.com/net/kononagarenaraieru/), which is a\nrecurring joke added before someone says something vulgar/strange in the\nmiddle of an exchange.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T12:46:33.167",
"id": "70670",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T13:20:25.097",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T13:20:25.097",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70668",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
70668
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70670
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70670
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70700",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to use the term(s) when indicating a correct answer to a TEST question.\nI am thinking that one term may be preferred in TESTING situations, over the\nother.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T14:54:03.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70672",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T03:21:18.113",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T17:19:36.977",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"words",
"usage",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Should I use 正解 or 当たり to mean correct in a testing situation?",
"view_count": 163
}
|
[
{
"body": "As a Sino-Japanese compound, 正解 is more formal, and this is the word used in\nserious examinations and serious quiz shows. 当たり is more casual and\ncolloquial, and it's mainly used for a riddle, a quick quiz, a \"guess what\"\ntype question, or such.\n\n当たり also refers to a completely random \"win\" or \"hit\" as in roulette or\nlootboxes. In this case, 当たり is not interchangeable with 正解.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T01:19:35.783",
"id": "70700",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T03:21:18.113",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T03:21:18.113",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70672",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
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|
70700
|
70700
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I used a [web service](http://japanese-name-generator.com) to emulate the name\n\"Siavosh\" in Kanji. First, you select your name parts from a table of kana and\nthen it gives you a combination of kanji with pronunciation of each kanji\nsuperscripted above it. So far everything seems fine, and \"Siavosh\" is\nkanjified as below:\n\n煮武瀬\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ndmXD.png)\n\nTherefore, considering the above is correct, the resulted kanji would make an\nestimated equivalent of \"Siavosh\" as \"Syabuse\". But, wait a minute, when I\ntype the kanji word in Google Translate, it reads completely different. Are we\nboth right? Am I wrong or is Google? Or even worse, are we both wrong?!",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T14:58:28.340",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70673",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T18:28:52.987",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T17:00:09.557",
"last_editor_user_id": "32343",
"owner_user_id": "32343",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"readings",
"names",
"multiple-readings"
],
"title": "Which reading does Google Translate use for kanji words?",
"view_count": 372
}
|
[
{
"body": "Since you have used that site, you probably have noticed that there are dozens\nof kanji that can be read the same way. For example, 者, 社, 車, 斜, 謝 and many\nothers can be read \"sha\". But did you know [most kanji have two or more\nreadings](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/onyomi-kunyomi/)? 煮 can be read both\n\"ni\" and \"sha\"; 武 is \"bu\", \"mu\", \"take\" or \"takeshi\"; 瀬 is \"se\" or \"rai\".\nTherefore, even native Japanese speakers cannot determine the reading of 煮武瀬\nin one way. Some may well read it as \"nitakerai\" or \"nimuse\".\n\nUltimately, Japanese kanji is unsuitable for this purpose. Many people ask\nhere \"How do you write _< my name>_ in kanji?\", but such a question is already\npointless. Although \"kanjification\" looks appealing to some Western people,\nit's nothing more than a wordplay, and you cannot expect Japanese speakers\nread or understand it. Practically, western names have to be written not in\nkanji but in katakana, which is a phonetic alphabet in the Japanese language.\nKatakana has its own limitation, but it's generally much better at\nconsistently representing the sound of a foreign word.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T18:28:52.987",
"id": "70677",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T18:28:52.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70673",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70673
| null |
70677
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70675",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am currently studying for JLPT N5 using Nihongo So-Matome, and one of the\npractice questions requires me to choose a sentence with a similar meaning to\nthe one that is given, which is\n\n```\n\n たいてい宿題をしてから寝ますが、時々朝します。\n \n```\n\nWhich i interpreted as\n\n```\n\n \"Usually, I sleep after doing homework, sometimes I do it in the morning\" \n \n```\n\nThis itself already sounds a bit wonky to me, but the answer given is\n\n```\n\n 朝か晩に宿題をします\n \n```\n\nI'm not sure if か is a short for から here, but even if it is, the 2 sentences\ndon't seem to share the same meaning? Is this a case of a bad translation from\nthe textbook, or am I missing some basic grammar that is preventing me from\nunderstanding the sentence.\n\nThank you!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T15:09:41.863",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70674",
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"owner_user_id": "35088",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Does \"朝か晩に” as an expression exist?",
"view_count": 111
}
|
[
{
"body": "Welcome to Japanese stack exchange!\n\nYour understanding of the sentence is correct, though you should be sure to\ntranslate the が, as \"but\", which I think adds the contrast needed to make your\nsentence sound less \"wonky\"!\n\nThe answer provided by the book is fine, too. か can be used between two nouns\ncan mean \"or\", in an exclusive sense. As such, 「朝か晩に」 would mean \"morning or\nevening\", but not both. This would align with your translation of the more\ncomplex sentence.\n\nYou can use か just between the two nouns, as it is here i.e. 「N1 か N2」. But,\nyou might sometimes see it used after both nouns i.e. 「N1 か N2 か」too, to mean\nthe same thing (perhaps with more emphasis on the separate alternatives than\nthe single か usage).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T15:31:43.923",
"id": "70675",
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"score": 4
}
] |
70674
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70675
|
70675
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70679",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 今、女性 **一人** が生む子どもの数が減ってきている。つまり、少子化が進んできている。 Now, the amount of women that\n> give birth to a child is decreasing. That is to say, the declining birth\n> rates are advancing.\n\nWhat is the role of 「一人」? To me, the sentence still makes sense without it.\n\nWhat is the difference between the following sentences?\n\n> 今、女性 **一人** が生む子どもの数…\n>\n> 今、女性が生む子どもの数…",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T18:43:22.960",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70678",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 「一人」in the following sentence?",
"view_count": 132
}
|
[
{
"body": "I would interpret it like this:\n\n> 女性が生む子どもの数\n\nThe number of children that women give birth to.\n\n> 女性 **一人** が生む子どもの数\n\nThe number of children that **one** woman gives birth to. In other words, the\nnumber of children born per woman.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T19:13:24.890",
"id": "70679",
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"score": 4
}
] |
70678
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70679
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70679
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70683",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Whats the difference between yama and san in the title of a mountain? 富山 and\n富士山 Toyama and Fujisan for example? Is one simply a mountain and the other a\nvolcano?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T19:41:22.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70680",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T21:53:53.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"kanji"
],
"title": "Whats the difference between yama and san in the title of a mountain?",
"view_count": 2921
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to Jisho.org the Kanji in question\n([山](https://jisho.org/search/%E5%B1%B1%20%23kanji)), has only one meaning:\nMountain. That has no distinction between a volcano (which is written 火山) or a\nregular mountain.\n\nAs @Leebo has pointed out both readings (やま and さん) are used in mountain\ntitles. I personally would take that to mean that there isn't really a\ndramatic difference between the two. The difference in reading may stem from\nhow kanji got integrated into the Japanese language, but that is mostly\nconjecture on my part.\n\nThe only way to know which reading is correct is experience. Usually one will\nsound better than the other.\n\nBe aware that not all mountains have the 山 kanji at the end of its name like\n[二ノ森](https://www.google.com/search?q=%E4%BA%8C%E3%83%8E%E6%A3%AE&rlz=1C1GCEU_enUS820US821&oq=%E4%BA%8C%E3%83%8E%E6%A3%AE&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.846j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8)\non Shikoku, and some will have the ending\n[岳](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%B2%B3) like\n[鶴見岳](https://www.google.com/search?q=%E9%B6%B4%E8%A6%8B%E5%B2%B3&rlz=1C1GCEU_enUS820US821&oq=%E9%B6%B4%E8%A6%8B%E5%B2%B3&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.885j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8)\non Kyushu.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T20:00:01.507",
"id": "70683",
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"score": 2
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70680
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70683
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70683
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70686",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I've checked plentiful translations but none of them fit this word. They keep\nshowing \"Pulled out\" but it's more of a word that means annoying or\ndistasteful, I think. Can someone please clarify and direct me to a\ntranslation tool with accurate sentences?\n\nBasically, it was two people chatting about pineapple on a pizza. One of them\ngoes, \"引いたか\" and the other one says, \"もちろん\"",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T19:57:00.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70682",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T20:52:15.337",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T20:10:16.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "35318",
"owner_user_id": "35318",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does \"引いた\" mean?",
"view_count": 860
}
|
[
{
"body": "It appears that you are misunderstanding what is going on here. It would be\nhelpful to see the sentence before the use of 引く, but given what we have, my\nanswer will probably be a little anticlimactic.\n\n引く, the present form of 引いた means [to\npull](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%BC%95%E3%81%8F), among many other things.\nWhen they are talking about pineapple on pizza, and you get the question:\n\n> 引いたか\n\nI would translate it as:\n\n> Did (you) pull (the pineapple) off?\n\nThe implication may be that one of them dislikes pineapple on pizza, but that\nis _implied,_ not explicitly stated. You'll encounter this a lot in Japanese.\nContext matters a _lot._\n\nThe response of:\n\n> もちろん \n> Of course.\n\nverifies the implication that pineapple on pizza is disliked, but once again,\nit does not mean that the chosen verb of 引く means distasteful.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T20:16:47.783",
"id": "70685",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T20:16:47.783",
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},
{
"body": "So the person who said もちろん thinks having pineapple on a pizza is disgusting,\nright? If that is the case, 引いた is the ta-form (past tense) of the verb 引く,\nand one of its meanings is \"to be turned off\", \"to be made to lose\ninterest/passion/love\", \"to be dampened\", \"to wince\", etc. So 引いたか means \"Were\nyou turned off?\" I feel this meaning is particularly common in Kansai.\n\n * 引くわー。 It turns me off!\n * 引くなよ！ Hey, wait, listen!\n * 2時間待つと聞いてちょっと引いた。 I flinched to hear I had to wait for two hours.\n\nThis slangy meaning is not listed in [the 19 definitions of 引く on\njisho.org](https://jisho.org/word/%E5%BC%95%E3%81%8F) (which is a bit\nsurprising to me), but デジタル大辞泉 explains this as one of the 43(!) definitions\nof 引く:\n\n> ###\n> [引く](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/183987/meaning/m0u/%E5%BC%95%E3%81%8F/)\n>\n> ５㋕（俗語）相手に関心や興味を持たなくなる。相手から気持ちが離れる。「これを口にすると女性が引く」\n\nAnd 明鏡国語辞典 第二版 says:\n\n> ### 引く\n>\n> 〔俗〕冷ややかになる。しらける。「寒いギャグに引く」\n\nSee also:\n\n * [What does ドン引き mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11162/5010)\n * [What is the difference between 惹かれる and 引かれる?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/57663/5010)\n * [引くわーって英語でなんて言うの？](https://eikaiwa.dmm.com/uknow/questions/28384/)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T20:38:43.200",
"id": "70686",
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}
] |
70682
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70686
|
70686
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70691",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "In the sentence 深淵に臨むが如し why is there a particle が after the verb 臨む?\nShouldn't it be 深淵に臨むよう?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T20:10:01.540",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70684",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T14:49:12.287",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-09T22:48:42.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "35319",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"particles",
"particle-が",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "Why is there a が in 深淵に臨むが如し?",
"view_count": 830
}
|
[
{
"body": "臨む is 連体形 so the particle between it and ごとし has to be が.\n\nStill, 深淵に臨むよう and 深淵に臨むが如し is same meaning. Only the latter is saying\ndifficulty and cool.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T20:46:47.067",
"id": "70687",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T20:46:47.067",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35310",
"parent_id": "70684",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "如し is an archaic Japanese adjective used like modern (の)ようだ. It takes a noun\nfollowed by either の or が. This is still used in some set phrases and\narchaistic sentences.\n\n * 夢の如し。 = 夢のようだ。 = (It) is like a dream.\n * 龍が如く戦へり。 = 龍のように戦った。 = (He) fought like a dragon.\n\nThis が is not a subject marker. が was used for the possessive meaning just\nlike modern の in archaic Japanese. See: [「が」vs「の」 with\npossessives](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/39264/5010)\n\n深淵に臨むが如し \"(It) is like facing the abyss\" is also an archaistic expression. In\narchaic Japanese, instead of a nominalizer (こと/の), the attributive form of a\nverb is used to nominalize a verb. The attributive-form looks similar to the\nplain/dictionary-form in modern Japanese. See: [Plain Verb followed by\nがよい](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/64661/5010) and [<動詞の辞書形> + がよい ―\nHow is this allowed?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/6714/5010)\n\nYou can possibly say 深淵に臨むの如し and 深淵に臨むことの如し, too, but the latter would look\nlike an unnatural mixture of modern and old styles. Practically, you can\nremember `attributive-form + が如し` as a set phrase.\n\nA similar example of this is\n[んがため](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5396/5010).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:35:47.757",
"id": "70689",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T21:35:47.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70684",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "I suppose the simple answer is that the grammar of the past is different.\n\nFirst of all, in Classical Japanese 臨む would be the 連体形 (basically dictionary\nform). Unlike in modern Japanese, the 連体形 doesn't have to be nominalized to be\nused with が.\n\nSecondly, the classical が worked a lot like the modern day の to attribute\nthings. From [大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%8C) (emphasis mine):\n\n> ④ 連体修飾格を表す。 **「の」と同じ** 。現代語では文語的表現のみに用いる。多く、所有・所属・同格などの関係を表す。 「我－校の名誉」 「梅－香」\n> 「己（おの）－分を知りて／徒然 131」\n>\n> ⑤ 「ごとし」「ままに」「からに」などに続いて、連用修飾語を作る。 「山は人の無力をあざわらう－ごとくそびえている」\n> 「たけき河のみなぎり流るる－ごとし／徒然 155」\n\nLastly, ごとし is the classical way to say ～よう. Again from\n[大辞林](https://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%94%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97) (emphasis\nmine):\n\n> 活用語の連体形や体言、また、それらに助詞「が」「の」の付いたものに接続する。\n>\n> ①似ているものに比べたとえる意を表す。… **のようだ** 。…のとおりだ。 「涙、雨の脚のごとくこぼる／宇津保 吹上・下」\n> 「おごれる人も久しからず、ただ春の夜の夢のごとし／平家 1」\n>\n> ② 同類中の一例として提示する意を表す。… **のような** 。 「黒き革籠三合を置けり。すなはち和歌・管絃・往生要集ごときの抄物を入れたり／方丈記」\n>\n> ③ はっきりと断定しないで、婉曲・不確実にいうのに用いられる。… **ようだ** 。…ようである。\n\nOne other note: The thing before ～ごとし must be in 連体形 or a 体言 (basically\nnouns). And then after those, there can be an optional が or の for emphasis.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:40:07.133",
"id": "70691",
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"score": 6
}
] |
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70689
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70694",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the Japanese Language Stack Exchange called in Japanese? I came up\nwith 日本語のスタック交換.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:31:02.047",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70688",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-26T15:25:21.030",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-26T15:25:21.030",
"last_editor_user_id": "18435",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 13,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What is the term for Japanese Language Stack Exchange in Japanese?",
"view_count": 4360
}
|
[
{
"body": "In technical documents or technical news media, the name of a foreign website\nor company is typically written completely as-is.\n\n * 米国Microsoft社のWindows\n * 日本語についての質問サイトであるJapanese Language Stack Exchange\n\nMass media for general public (e.g., 読売新聞) usually katakanize foreign proper\nnouns because many of their readers do not understand English at all:\n\n * 米国マイクロソフト社のウィンドウズ\n * 日本語についての質問サイトであるジャパニーズ・ランゲージ・スタック・エクスチェンジ\n\nYou should not \"translate\" foreign proper nouns. Even in English, _Mont Blanc_\nis _Mont Blanc_ and _Rio de Janeiro_ is _Rio de Janeiro_. You should not\n\"translate\" them into _White Mountain_ or _River of January_. Likewise, since\n_Stack Exchange_ is the name of a website, you must not convert it to スタック交換.\n\n**EDIT** : An ordinary noun with a literal meaning can be translated, such as\n大学 (\"University\"), 協会 (\"Association\"), 基金 (\"Fund\"), 国際 (\"International\"). A\n_brand name_ should not be translated even if it has a meaning as a common\nnoun (Apple, Windows, Android, Office, Fox, Seven Eleven, ...). As @Yosh said,\npartially-translated 日本語スタックエクスチェンジ may also be acceptable in newspapers.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:59:43.927",
"id": "70694",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T05:10:46.783",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 33
}
] |
70688
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70694
|
70694
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70697",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I ran recently across the following sentence here:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10012067221000/k10012067221000.html>\n\n映画を見た大学生は「すてきな絵や細かい表現で、 **作った人たち** の気持ちを感じました」と話していました。\n\nThe text is about an anime-movie. Does 作った人たち mean in this context \"the people\nwho where drawn(made)\", i.e. the characters? Meaning that the students could\nsense or feel the feelings of the characters in the movie?\n\nThanks a lot!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:35:49.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70690",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T22:24:23.690",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18895",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 作った人たち",
"view_count": 128
}
|
[
{
"body": "No, 作った人たち is \"people who created (the movie)\", i.e., the staff. This is\nsimply because 作る means \"to make/create\" and there is no passive voice\ninvolved. The guy is saying \"I could feel the passion of the creators.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T22:24:16.380",
"id": "70696",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-09T22:24:16.380",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "In this context, I think that\n\n> 作った人たち\n\nmeans\n\n> the people who made [the movie]\n\nI will guess a translation for your sentence:\n\n> 映画を見た大学生は「すてきな絵や細かい表現で、作った人たちの気持ちを感じました」と話していました。The university students\n> that watched the movie were saying that \"they experienced the feeling of the\n> people who made [the movie] through the lovely pictures and the detailed\n> expressions\".\n\nThe caveat here is that, in verb sentences that come just right in front of\nthe noun they modify, the noun can be either the object or the subject, and\nyou need to rely on the context to figure it out.\n\nFor example, consider these sentences with the verb 買う\n\n> ① 買った本。The book [someone] bought.\n>\n> ② すしを買った人。The person who bought sushi.\n\nAt ①, the noun (本) modified by 買った is the object. At ②, on the contrary, the\nnoun (人) modified by 買った is the subject.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2019-09-09T22:24:23.690",
"id": "70697",
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"owner_user_id": "32952",
"parent_id": "70690",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70690
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70697
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70696
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "70698",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While browsing reddit I came across the expression 乙嫁語り and its translation as\n_A Bride's story_.\n\nNow I'm not really far into my kanji studies (maybe a 400-500 characters in),\nbut since I recognized the 語 and the 嫁, I was a bit confused how one can\ntranslate this as _A Bride's story_. If I'm not mistaken this should be read\nas _Otoyomegatari_ (Googleing the name of the Manga confirms this).\n\n 1. What exactly is the 乙 doing here? _Otoyome_ can be translated as [_younger brothers wife_](https://jisho.org/search/otoyome), although then its written as 弟嫁 and not as 乙嫁. And as far as I understand the kanji 乙 itself means something along the lines of [the latter, duplicate, strange, witty](https://jisho.org/search/%E4%B9%99%20%23kanji), which doesn't seem to be related to the title at all.\n 2. When talking about the word _tale_ I immediately think about the word 物語, so reading 語り confused me a bit since according to [jisho.org](https://jisho.org/search/%E8%AA%9E%E3%82%8A) it means something along the lines of _talk, narration, topic_ --- so a word that would maybe used to describe a conversation and less a story/tale.\n\nSo can somebody maybe explain to me how we get to the translation _A Bride's\nstory_?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:50:04.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70692",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T00:37:03.780",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "35321",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Making sense of why 乙嫁語り is translated as \"A Bride's Story\"",
"view_count": 222
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. おと (弟 or 乙 in kanji) is an archaic prefix meaning \"younger/youngest (in a family, regardless of sex)\" or \"little lovely\". From a 古語辞典:\n\n> ### [おと－ 【弟・乙】](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E4%B9%99)\n>\n> 接頭語 \n> ①〔人を表す語または人名に付けて〕年下の。末の。「兄（え）宇迦斯（うかし）・弟宇迦斯」。 \n> ②〔人を表す語または人名に付けて〕美しい。愛する。年若い。かわいい。「弟橘比売命（たちばなひめのみこと）」\n\nI don't know how common 乙嫁 was in real archaic Japanese, but the [official\nsite](https://www.enterbrain.co.jp/pickup/2009/otoyomegatari/) clearly says 乙嫁\nin this manga means \"beautiful bride\". This also means even an average native\nspeaker does not know what 乙嫁 means. As an aside, you can read about a recent\nderivative meaning of 乙\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1416/5010).\n\n 2. The modern primary meaning of 語り is indeed \"narration\" (as in a documentary film), but since it's used with an unfamiliar archaic word here, I take it as a nominalized version of 語る (i.e., \"talking\"). But 物語 is etymologically just 語り preceded by 物, so you can take it simply as a variant of 物語, too.\n\nSo possible literal translations of 乙嫁語り would be \"Story of a Beautiful Bride\"\nor \"Talking about a Beautiful Bride\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T23:08:47.640",
"id": "70698",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T00:37:03.780",
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"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70692",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
70692
|
70698
|
70698
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70704",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So far, I've learnt that a quantity (number + counter) can be attached to a\nnoun to quantify it by using の:\n\n> 一人の女性。One woman.\n\nHowever, I came across a sentence in my textbook where the noun an the\nnumber+counter are grouped in the opposite order and withouta any particle:\n\n> 女性一人。One woman.\n\nI wonder if there is any difference in terms of meaning, usage or style for\neach possibility.\n\nYou can check the original answer in the Japanese Stack Exchange from which my\nquestion arised [here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/70679/32952). It\nmight provide the context necessary to address this question.\n\nよろしくお願いします！\n\nEDIT: the question was identified as a duplicate by myself because both\nexpressions have the same meaning as stated in the linked question. However,\nas the excellent [answer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/70704/32952)\nprovided by [broccoli\nforest](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/users/7810/broccoli-forest)\nexplains, there is a different nuance between them. This differenve is not\nexplained in the linked question, therefore I think this question is not a\nduplicate but it is different from the linked one.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T21:58:11.723",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70693",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T06:17:26.503",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T06:17:26.503",
"last_editor_user_id": "32952",
"owner_user_id": "32952",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"counters",
"word-order"
],
"title": "What is the difference between 「女性一人」 and 「一人の女性」?",
"view_count": 204
}
|
[
{
"body": "In short, 一人の～ sounds more specific and ～一人 more general. 一人の女性 often\ntranslates into \"a _certain_ woman\".\n\n 1. > 一人の女性を愛した男性\n\n 2. > 女性一人を愛した男性\n\nIf I heard these phrases, I'd take #1 as \"a man who loved (only) one woman\"\nbut #2 as \"men who loved (only) one woman\". That is because 一人の女性 probably\nmeans a _specific_ woman, so I think that the man is specific, too. On the\nother hand, 女性一人 is probably _unspecific_ , so I think that it is talking\nabout a group of, or generally men each of whom loved a sole (but different)\nwoman in his life.\n\nSimilarly(?), `三匹の子豚` reminds me of a fable about _certain_ imaginary pigs and\na _certain_ imaginary wolf, but `子豚三匹` only of barbecue in your ranch.\n\nNow, taking from the sample in the question you linked:\n\n 3. > 一人の女性が生む子どもの数\n\n 4. > 女性一人が生む子どもの数\n\nIn the original context, it talks about birth rate, thus I feel #4 is more\npreferable than #3 (though not ununderstandable). The reason is that the\nnumber is an average, while the number of children each actual woman has is\nvery diverse and 一人の女性 cannot help but be related with a random woman. You can\nsay \"a whale is a mammal\" to mean \"whales are mammals\", but replacing \"women\nare shorter than men\" with \"a woman is shorter than a man\" is weird, because\nobviously a _certain_ woman is not necessarily shorter than a _certain_ man.\nIn this case, using 一人の～ with words that explicitly mean uncertainty (e.g. 平均\n\"average\", 確率 \"probability\") makes it much better.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T06:03:07.903",
"id": "70704",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T06:03:07.903",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7810",
"parent_id": "70693",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70693
|
70704
|
70704
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I read the following sentence while learning about ~ものを:\n\n> すぐに病院へ行けばいいものを、行かないで悪化させてしまった。\n\nWhich I would translate into (probably not perfectly natural English, but\nsomething like that):\n\n> Though it would have been alright had I been immediately to the hospital, I\n> didn't go and so things got worse.\n\nWhat I'm wondering is, why is it 行けばいい and not 行けばよかった? The past tense\n悪化させてしまった clearly suggests that the speaker did not go to the hospital in\ntime, which caused their condition to get worse. I learnt that in such a case,\nthe clause after the verb in conditional can be conjugated in the past tense\nto indicate that the action did not actually take place.\n\nIs 行けばいい, with いい in a present tense, even correct? Or am I wrong in my\nunderstanding of the `conditional + past` structure?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-09T22:13:40.453",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70695",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-22T11:06:50.697",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18582",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"conjugations",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "ものを and conditional",
"view_count": 218
}
|
[
{
"body": "In Japanese, tense agreement is not like English. It depends on the context.\n\nIt could be interpreted as past or present perfect with the auxiliary verb of\n\"[た](https://www.kokugobunpou.com/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E/%E3%81%9F-%E3%81%A0/)\".\n\n「行かないで悪化させてしまった。」 can imply it has gotten worse or it got worse.\n\n> すぐに病院へ行けばいいものを、行かないで悪化させてしまった。\n>\n> Though I should/would have gone to the hospital immediately, I did not go\n> there and it has gotten/got worse.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T22:31:48.677",
"id": "70726",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-17T06:09:35.770",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70695",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70695
| null |
70726
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I checked [the meaning of Farfetch'd on\nBulbapedia](https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Farfetch%27d_\\(Pok%C3%A9mon\\)#Name_origin)\nand it says it is \"カモネギ\", likely to be inspired by \"鴨が葱を背負って来る\", meaning\n\"something surprising, but convenient\".\n\nWhat does \"surprising but convenient\" mean? Is it like an idiom or phrase that\nis often used? Can some examples be given how it might be used in daily\nspeeches in a situation or context?\n\nFor example, does it mean good or bad? Can it be: I didn't think it'd rain,\nbut it suddenly did and made my car clean; it really is 鴨が葱を背負って来る.\n\nI saw [an example of\n「あんな高額な商品を買ってくれた上に、家族や友達にまで勧めてくれるなんて、鴨が葱を背負ってくるとはこのことだ」](http://kotowaza-\nallguide.com/ka/kamoganegisyotte.html), but I don't quite get what it means.\n\nI also saw [some website explains it as \"Along comes a sucker just begging to\nbe parted from his money\"](https://en.bab.la/dictionary/japanese-\nenglish/%E9%B4%A8%E3%81%8C%E3%81%AD%E3%81%8E%E3%82%92%E8%83%8C%E8%B2%A0%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E6%9D%A5%E3%82%8B).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T01:03:57.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70699",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T10:11:54.530",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T10:11:54.530",
"last_editor_user_id": "3073",
"owner_user_id": "10219",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"idioms"
],
"title": "What does 鴨が葱を背負って来る mean?",
"view_count": 1505
}
|
[
{
"body": "Basically it means \"easy hunt/game/prey\". I think \"something surprising but\nconvenient\" is slightly wrong. So it can't be used like your example. Second\nexample is correct, the phrase exists for.\n\nWe love 蕎麦(Japanese noodle), and duck(鴨) meat one is really popular since Edo\nperiod. We usually put 葱(Green leek?) in 蕎麦, so if we found a 鴨 carrying 葱 and\ncould hunt it, we can get all ingredients for 鴨南蛮(duck meat Soba). It's how\nthis phrase was born. I know it's impossible. haha.\n\nAlso, this phrase is basically used for bad meaning, sneering someone.",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T02:36:04.400",
"id": "70701",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T02:36:04.400",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "35310",
"parent_id": "70699",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "This idiom is understood by virtually all native speakers, but ordinary people\nrarely use it. They usually see this phrase used by villains in fictional\nworks.\n\n鴨 is a duck, and in Japanese it's also a metaphor for a person who is easily\ntricked, just like \"gull\" in English. There is a phrase ～を鴨にする (or ～をカモる for\nshort), which means \"to gull (someone)\". 葱 is a type of vegetable [often eaten\nwith 鴨](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_fistulosum#Japan).\n\nNow I think you can guess the implication of 鴨が葱を背負って来る (\"a duck comes\ncarrying a green onion\"). It is a _derogatory_ expression used to describe an\nunbelievably convenient situation where someone who the speaker is going to\ndeceive or harm is innocently and actively doing something beneficial to the\nspeaker. For example, an evil shogun seeking a magical weapon may say this\nwhen a hero comes to his palace to defeat him holding that very weapon.\n\nDon't use this to praise someone or to describe a lucky situation in general.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T02:38:05.747",
"id": "70702",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T02:38:05.747",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70699",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
70699
| null |
70701
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How do you say “I have a twin (older) sister”? I am still unsure how to\nintroduce my twin.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T08:01:15.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70707",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T08:55:54.883",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T08:50:27.483",
"last_editor_user_id": "33435",
"owner_user_id": "35057",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "How do you express that you have a twin sister?",
"view_count": 787
}
|
[
{
"body": "私は双子の姉がいます - \"I have a twin (older) sister.\"\n\ntwin - 双子\n\nolder sister - 姉\n\nIf you're introducing her you could say something like, こちらは双子の姉です",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T08:49:10.660",
"id": "70708",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T08:49:10.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11902",
"parent_id": "70707",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70707
| null |
70708
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70712",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "How would I say \"This place is Heaven on Earth\"? Would\n\n> このところは地球上の天国です。\n\nbe correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T10:23:19.317",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70709",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T13:17:14.297",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T10:36:43.040",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "18435",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"set-phrases",
"phrases",
"english-to-japanese",
"idioms"
],
"title": "How would I say \"This place is Heaven on Earth\"?",
"view_count": 370
}
|
[
{
"body": "I would say...\n\n> ここは[地上]{ちじょう}の[楽園]{らくえん} だ/です。\n\n* * *\n\n「このところ」 means \"recently\" \"lately\" \"these days\".",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T11:40:22.750",
"id": "70712",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T13:17:14.297",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T13:17:14.297",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "70709",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "じゃあ、私は中国の説話{せつわ}が好きなので、\n\n>\n> この場所は[桃源郷{とうげんきょう}](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%A1%83%E6%BA%90%E9%83%B7-580116)だ/です。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T11:45:22.573",
"id": "70713",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T11:45:22.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70709",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
70709
|
70712
|
70712
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70715",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "According to my dictionary, the word umami can be used to mean (as it has come\nto mean in English) the particular savoury category of taste associated with,\nfor example, ramen, but it can also be used just to mean a 'good' taste or\nflavour. Can anybody confirm if this second meaning is correct usage? If so,\nhow are you meant to distinguish between the two meanings?\n\nFor instance, in the sentence:\n\n> だしとは、素材のうま味、香りを、水または湯に出したもので、その素材の味が凝縮されたものです。\n\nIs it specifically 'savoury-ness' which is extracted as dashi, or simply 'good\nflavour'? Or is it ambiguous?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T11:33:28.297",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70711",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T13:11:32.417",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T12:51:41.167",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "9879",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"food"
],
"title": "How to distinguish between different meanings of 'うま味'?",
"view_count": 100
}
|
[
{
"body": "I do not use うま味 for describing the taste of tasting dessert cakes. うま味 is\nbasically used when you are eating [claypot\ncooking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_pot_cooking#Ethiopia) called\n[土鍋{どなべ}](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donabe) in Japan such as\n[湯豆腐{ゆどうふ}](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90).\n\nIt is believed to using the same 土鍋{どなべ} for long years, you can get good うま味\nfrom the pot itself without adding umami ingredients a lot. Thanks to long\nyears cooking [鍋物{なべもの}](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabemono), the taste of\nsoup has immersed into the 土鍋{どなべ}.\n\nI will consult with the scientific definition of\n\"[umami](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umami)\" in wikipedia.\n\n**_Umami represents the taste of the amino acid L-glutamate and\n5’-ribonucleotides such as guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and inosine\nmonophosphate (IMP). It can be described as a pleasant \"brothy\" or \"meaty\"\ntaste with a long-lasting, mouthwatering and coating sensation over the\ntongue._**\n\n## Foods rich in umami components\n\n**_Generally, umami taste is common to foods that contain high levels of\nL-glutamate, IMP and GMP, most notably in fish, shellfish, cured meats, meat\nextracts, mushrooms, vegetables (e.g., ripe tomatoes, Chinese cabbage,\nspinach, celery, etc.) or green tea, hydrolysed vegetable protein, and\nfermented and aged products involving bacterial or yeast cultures, such as\ncheeses, shrimp pastes, fish sauce, soy sauce, nutritional yeast, and yeast\nextracts such as Vegemite and Marmite_**\n\nI remember not so many people like this tatse when I was tasting Vegimite and\nMarmite in Australia. Probably the taste has still not widely accepted\nsomewhere.\n\nIn a metaphorical sense, you can use \"うま味\" for describing the profit from the\nbusiness.\n\n> うま味のある商売 : The business with good profit.\n\nI think this is close to the \"good flavour\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T13:11:32.417",
"id": "70715",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T13:11:32.417",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "34735",
"parent_id": "70711",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
70711
|
70715
|
70715
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70720",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been watching anime and came across this sentence:\n\n> 全員足しても15人いるかどうかという寒村ぶりだ\n\nI can't understand the meaning of かどうかという in this sentence.\n\nThe context is that the village is isolated, and it only has one classroom and\none teacher. This is the MC monologue about this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T12:59:04.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70714",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T16:18:29.723",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T16:18:29.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "22352",
"owner_user_id": "35324",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage"
],
"title": "what doesかどうかという mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 249
}
|
[
{
"body": "`verb + かどうか` is a grammar pattern that roughly means either of:\n\n * (forming an embedded question) \"whether or not\" \n * [What does this usage of 「かどうか」mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/48492/5010)\n * [VかV-negか vs. V | V-neg vs. Vかどうか](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/56180/5010)\n * (forming an no-adjective-like phrase) \"may or may not\", \"problem of whether or not\", \"whether-A-or-B situation\" \n * [Understanding ～かどうかだ](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/53920/5010)\n\nIn your example, かどうか is used in the latter sense. For example, 生きるか死ぬかです\nmeans \"We may or may not survive\" or \"We are in a life-or death situation\".\nClick the above link to see some more examples.\n\nTherefore:\n\n> この村は、全員足しても15人いるかどうか(だ/です)。 \n> (literally) As for this settlement, even if we counted everyone, there may\n> or may not be 15 people. \n> → There are only 15 people or so at most in this settlement.\n>\n> 全員足しても15人いるかどうかの村 \n> a settlement which has only 15 people or so at most\n>\n> 全員足しても15人いるかどうかという寒村ぶりだ。 \n> (literally) It's the deserted-ness to the point where there are only 15\n> people at most.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T15:24:08.513",
"id": "70720",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-10T15:24:08.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70714",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
70714
|
70720
|
70720
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "70718",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Iq9Vb.jpg)\n\nタピオカは暑いところでできる芋から作った食べ物で、最近若い人。。。\n\nI can't understand the part underlined quite well.\n\nDoes it mean that Tapioca is made from 芋 that is grown in hot places, or does\nit mean that Tapioca is made in hot places from 芋?\n\nI think the core of this question is that I am not sure about the meaning of\nできる here. Does it mean food-making (in this case, tapioca making), or does it\nmean plant-growing (in this case, 芋 growing)?\n\nCould anyone help me with this question? I just registered this account to ask\nit. Thank you soooo much!!!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T14:02:09.280",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "70716",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-11T05:08:54.783",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-10T14:58:16.757",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "35334",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"usage"
],
"title": "Could you please help me understand this sentence from NHK News?",
"view_count": 177
}
|
[
{
"body": "So you are asking which of the following two parsing strategies is correct:\n\n 1. ((暑いところでできる→)芋から作った→)食べ物\n 2. (暑いところでできる→)((芋から作った→)食べ物)\n\nAnd the correct answer is 1. 暑いところでできる is modifying 芋 as a relative clause,\nand this できる means \"(for a plant) to grow\". The whole phrase means \"food which\nis made from tubers which grow in hot places\".\n\nWhy? Because 1 is simpler in that each relative clause is modifying a single\nword right after it. You don't have to think of the possibility of 2 when 1\nmakes perfect sense. ( **EDIT** : In addition, if 2 were the intended meaning,\nthey would have simply said 暑いところで芋から作った食べ物 or 暑いところで芋からできる食べ物.)\n\nUltimately, when there are two or more modifiers, including relative clauses,\nyou have to determine the correct meaning from the context. For a detailed\ndiscussion about this, please see: [Are Japanese modifiers \"greedy\", \"anti-\ngreedy\", or do they mean whatever people choose them to\nmean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/46817/5010)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-09-10T14:51:56.417",
"id": "70718",
"last_activity_date": "2019-09-11T05:08:54.783",
"last_edit_date": "2019-09-11T05:08:54.783",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "70716",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
70716
|
70718
|
70718
|
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