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Curtiss' nutrush Scleria ciliata var. curtissii SF1
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Havana skullcap Scutellaria havanensis E
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Eaton's spike-moss Selaginella armata var. eatonii E
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Bahama senna, Chapman's wild sensitive
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plant Senna mexicana var. chapmanii T
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Havana greenbrier, Everglades greenbrier Smilax havanensis T
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Black nightshade Solanum chenopodioides SF1
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Mullein nightshade Solanum donianum T
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Everglades Keys false buttonweed Spermacoce terminalis T
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Spiranthes amesiana SFX
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Southern lady's-tresses Spiranthes torta E S1 SF1
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Hidden dropseed Sporobolus compositus var. clandestinus SF1
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Everglades key pencilflower Stylosanthes calcicola E
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Narrowleaf hoarypea Tephrosia angustissima var. angustissima E SH SFX
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Coral hoarypea Tephrosia angustissima var. corallicola E S1 SF1
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Scurf hoarypea Tephrosia chrysophylla SF1
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Spiked hoarypea Tephrosia spicata SF1
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West Indian-lilac, Florida clover ash Tetrazygia bicolor T
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Reflexed wild-pine, Northern needleleaf Tillandsia balbisiana T
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Stiff-leaved wild-pine, Cardinal airplant Tillandsia fasciculata var. densispica E
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Banded wild-pine, Twisted airplant Tillandsia flexuosa T
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Giant wild-pine, Giant airplant Tillandsia utriculata E
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Florida Keys noseburn Tragia saxicola T
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West Indian trema, Pain-in-the-back Trema lamarckianum E
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Florida gamagrass Tripsacum floridanum T
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Carter's pinelandcress Warea carteri E E SFH
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Shyvine, Viperina Zornia bracteata SF1
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Key: E = Endangered; T = Threatened; C = Commercially Exploited; S1 or SF1 = Critically Imperiled;
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S2 = Imperiled; SH or SFH = Historical; SX or SFX = Extirpated
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Source: The Institute for Regional Conservation
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EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Page 21
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3.7.2 Animals
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Because of Miami-Dade County’s location at the tip of the Florida peninsula, proximity to the
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Caribbean, and unique habitat characteristics, the fauna of pine rocklands has distinct characters
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not shared by other pine habitats to the north. While most of the pine rockland fauna is derived
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from the temperate fauna of the southeastern United States, it also has tropical and endemic taxa
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not found in other parts of the state (Snyder et al. 1990). Many of the rare species present in pine
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rocklands have wide distributions, such as the bald eagle, and small pine rockland fragments in
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the EEL system may not be critical to their survival because the habitat is only used
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occasionally. However, a few taxa have extremely limited distributions and are found nowhere
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else in the world outside of South Florida’s pine rocklands. Management of EEL sites may be
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critical in preventing their extinction. Table 3 shows a list of impacted animal species that utilize
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pine rocklands and do not have stable populations elsewhere in the state. This list is restricted to
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species that are Federally-listed as Endangered or Threatened or are a candidate for listing by the
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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); are State-listed as Endangered, Threatened or a
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Species of Special Concern (SSC) by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
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(FWCC); or have a Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) ranking of S3 (rare and/or localized
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within the state) or worse. Detailed accounts are given for a select few that are more highly
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dependent upon pine rocklands in Miami-Dade County and therefore, upon the EEL pine
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rockland sites.
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Table 3: Rare animal species that utilize pine rockland in Miami-Dade County
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Scientific Name Common Name State Federal FNAI
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Anaea troglodyta floridalis Florida leafwing butterfly Can
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Dendroica kirtlandii Kirtland's warbler E E
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Drymarchon corais couperi Eastern indigo snake T T G4T3/S3
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Elanoides forficatus Swallow-tailed kite G5/S2
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Eumops glaucinus floridanus Florida mastiff bat E G5T1/S1
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Falco peregrinus Peregrine falcon E
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Falco sparverius paulus Southeastern American kestrel T
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Gopherus polyphemus Gopher tortoise SSC G3/S3
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Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle T T G4/S3
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Liguus fasciatus Florida tree snail SSC
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Pituophis melanoleucus mugitus Florida pine snake SSC G4T3?/S3
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Sciurus niger shermani Sherman's fox squirrel SSC G5T3/S3
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Strymon acis bartrami Bartram's hairstreak butterfly Can
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Tantilla oolitica Rimrock crowned snake T G1G2Q/S1S2
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Key:
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E = Endangered; T = Threatened; Can = Candidate; S = Sate; G = Global; T = Indicates subspecies;
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1 = Critically Imperiled; 2 = Imperiled; 3 = Rare and/ or Localized; 4 = Apparently Secure;
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5 = Demonstrably Stable
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EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Page 22
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• Gopher tortoise – This state-listed Species of Special
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Concern has been recorded in pine rocklands in MiamiDade County, including some EEL sites where it is
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limited to the northern Biscayne pinelands which possess
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the sandy soils required by this species. Gopher tortoise
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burrows provide important habitat for numerous other
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species so management for gopher tortoises benefits a
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wide range of wildlife.
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• Rimrock crowned snake – This small species of
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fossorial snake is endemic to rockland habitats
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extending along the Miami Rock Ridge in
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Miami-Dade County down into the Middle
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Florida Keys of Monroe County. Very little is
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known about this elusive snake, but limited
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findings and drastic reduction of its native
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habitat have gained it a classification of
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Threatened by the State of Florida.
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• Florida leafwing butterfly – This subspecies is
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endemic to South Florida and the Florida Keys,
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occurring only in pine rocklands containing
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pineland croton, its sole host plant. Once
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widespread in Miami-Dade County, habitat
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loss has depleted its numbers and restricted its
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presence to Long Pine Key in ENP and Big
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Pine Key in the lower Florida Keys. EEL
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pinelands along the edge of ENP may be
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crucial for this species’ recovery. This species
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is a candidate for federal listing.
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