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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bogosort | Sorting algorithms/Bogosort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Bogosort a list of numbers.
Bogosort simply shuffles a collection randomly until it is sorted.
"Bogosort" is a perversely inefficient algorithm only used as an in-joke.
Its average run-time is O(n!) because the chance that any given shuffle of a set will end up in sorted order is about one in n factorial, and the worst case is infinite since there's no guarantee that a random shuffling will ever produce a sorted sequence.
Its best case is O(n) since a single pass through the elements may suffice to order them.
Pseudocode:
while not InOrder(list) do
Shuffle(list)
done
The Knuth shuffle may be used to implement the shuffle part of this algorithm.
| #Vlang | Vlang | import rand
fn shuffle_array(mut arr []int) {
for i := arr.len - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
j := rand.intn(i + 1)
arr[i], arr[j] = arr[j], arr[i]
}
}
fn is_sorted(arr []int) bool {
for i := 0; i < arr.len - 1; i++ {
if arr[i] > arr[i + 1] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
fn sort_array(mut arr []int) {
for !is_sorted(arr) {
shuffle_array(mut arr)
println('After Shuffle: $arr')
}
}
fn main() {
mut array := [6, 9, 1, 4]
println('Input: $array')
sort_array(mut array)
println('Output: $array')
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bubble_sort | Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them).
Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass.
A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
References
The article on Wikipedia.
Dance interpretation.
| #g-fu | g-fu |
(fun bubbles (vs)
(let done? F n (len vs))
(while (not done?)
(set done? T n (- n 1))
(for (n i)
(let x (# vs i) j (+ i 1) y (# vs j))
(if (> x y) (set done? F (# vs i) y (# vs j) x))))
vs)
(bubbles '(2 1 3))
---
(1 2 3)
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort | Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.
The pseudocode for the algorithm is:
function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
i := 1
j := 2
while i < size do
if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
// for descending sort, use >= for comparison
i := j
j := j + 1
else
swap a[i-1] and a[i]
i := i - 1
if i = 0 then
i := j
j := j + 1
endif
endif
done
Task
Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.
| #PL.2FI | PL/I | SORT: PROCEDURE OPTIONS (MAIN);
DECLARE A(0:9) FIXED STATIC INITIAL (5, 2, 7, 1, 9, 8, 6, 3, 4, 0);
CALL GNOME_SORT (A);
put skip edit (A) (f(7));
GNOME_SORT: PROCEDURE (A) OPTIONS (REORDER); /* 9 September 2015 */
declare A(*) fixed;
declare t fixed;
declare (i, j) fixed;
i = 1; j = 2;
do while (i <= hbound(A));
if a(i-1) <= a(i) then
do;
i = j; j = j + 1;
end;
else
do;
t = a(i-1); a(i-1) = a(i); a(i) = t;
i = i - 1;
if i = 0 then do; i = j; j = j + 1; end;
end;
end;
END GNOME_SORT;
END SORT; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Cocktail_sort | Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Cocktail sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
The cocktail shaker sort is an improvement on the Bubble Sort.
The improvement is basically that values "bubble" both directions through the array, because on each iteration the cocktail shaker sort bubble sorts once forwards and once backwards. Pseudocode for the algorithm (from wikipedia):
function cocktailSort( A : list of sortable items )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to length( A ) - 2 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then // test whether the two
// elements are in the wrong
// order
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] ) // let the two elements
// change places
swapped := true;
if swapped = false then
// we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
break do-while loop;
swapped := false
for each i in length( A ) - 2 down to 0 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] )
swapped := true;
while swapped; // if no elements have been swapped,
// then the list is sorted
Related task
cocktail sort with shifting bounds
| #Pascal | Pascal | use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
sub cocktail_sort {
my @a = @_;
while (1) {
my $swapped_forward = 0;
for my $i (0..$#a-1) {
if ($a[$i] gt $a[$i+1]) {
@a[$i, $i+1] = @a[$i+1, $i];
$swapped_forward = 1;
}
}
last if not $swapped_forward;
my $swapped_backward = 0;
for my $i (reverse 0..$#a-1) {
if ($a[$i] gt $a[$i+1]) {
@a[$i, $i+1] = @a[$i+1, $i];
$swapped_backward = 1;
}
}
last if not $swapped_backward;
}
@a
}
say join ' ', cocktail_sort( <t h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x j u m p s o v e r t h e l a z y d o g> ); |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Go | Go | package main
import (
"fmt"
"net"
)
func main() {
conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:256")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer conn.Close()
_, err = conn.Write([]byte("hello socket world"))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Groovy | Groovy | s = new java.net.Socket("localhost", 256)
s << "hello socket world"
s.close() |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_problem | Sleeping Beauty problem | Background on the task
In decision theory, The Sleeping Beauty Problem
is a problem invented by Arnold Zoboff and first publicized on Usenet. The experimental
subject, named Sleeping Beauty, agrees to an experiment as follows:
Sleeping Beauty volunteers to be put into a deep sleep on a Sunday. There is then a fair coin toss.
If this coin toss comes up heads, Sleeping Beauty wakes once (on Monday) and is asked to
estimate the probability that the coin toss was heads. Her estimate is recorded and she is
then put back to sleep for 2 days until Wednesday, at which time the experiment's results are tallied.
If instead the coin toss is tails, Sleeping Beauty wakes as before on Monday and asked to
estimate the probability the coin toss was heads, but is then given a drug which makes her forget
that she had been woken on Monday before being put back to sleep again. She then wakes only 1 day
later, on Tuesday. She is then asked (on Tuesday) again to guess the probability that the coin toss
was heads or tails. She is then put back to sleep and awakes as before 1 day later, on Wednesday.
Some decision makers have argued that since the coin toss was fair Sleeping Beauty should always
estimate the probability of heads as 1/2, since she does not have any additional information. Others
have disagreed, saying that if Sleeping Beauty knows the study design she also knows that she is twice
as likely to wake up and be asked to estimate the coin flip on tails than on heads, so the estimate
should be 1/3 heads.
Task
Given the above problem, create a Monte Carlo estimate of the actual results. The program should find the
proportion of heads on waking and asking Sleeping Beauty for an estimate, as a credence or as a percentage of the times Sleeping Beauty
is asked the question.
| #Swift | Swift | let experiments = 1000000
var heads = 0
var wakenings = 0
for _ in (1...experiments) {
wakenings += 1
switch (Int.random(in: 0...1)) {
case 0:
heads += 1
default:
wakenings += 1
}
}
print("Wakenings over \(experiments) experiments: \(wakenings)")
print("Sleeping Beauty should estimate a credence of: \(Double(heads) / Double(wakenings))") |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_problem | Sleeping Beauty problem | Background on the task
In decision theory, The Sleeping Beauty Problem
is a problem invented by Arnold Zoboff and first publicized on Usenet. The experimental
subject, named Sleeping Beauty, agrees to an experiment as follows:
Sleeping Beauty volunteers to be put into a deep sleep on a Sunday. There is then a fair coin toss.
If this coin toss comes up heads, Sleeping Beauty wakes once (on Monday) and is asked to
estimate the probability that the coin toss was heads. Her estimate is recorded and she is
then put back to sleep for 2 days until Wednesday, at which time the experiment's results are tallied.
If instead the coin toss is tails, Sleeping Beauty wakes as before on Monday and asked to
estimate the probability the coin toss was heads, but is then given a drug which makes her forget
that she had been woken on Monday before being put back to sleep again. She then wakes only 1 day
later, on Tuesday. She is then asked (on Tuesday) again to guess the probability that the coin toss
was heads or tails. She is then put back to sleep and awakes as before 1 day later, on Wednesday.
Some decision makers have argued that since the coin toss was fair Sleeping Beauty should always
estimate the probability of heads as 1/2, since she does not have any additional information. Others
have disagreed, saying that if Sleeping Beauty knows the study design she also knows that she is twice
as likely to wake up and be asked to estimate the coin flip on tails than on heads, so the estimate
should be 1/3 heads.
Task
Given the above problem, create a Monte Carlo estimate of the actual results. The program should find the
proportion of heads on waking and asking Sleeping Beauty for an estimate, as a credence or as a percentage of the times Sleeping Beauty
is asked the question.
| #Vlang | Vlang | import rand
import rand.seed
fn sleeping_beauty(reps int) f64 {
mut wakings := 0
mut heads := 0
for _ in 0..reps {
coin := rand.intn(2) or {0} // heads = 0, tails = 1 say
wakings++
if coin == 0 {
heads++
} else {
wakings++
}
}
println("Wakings over $reps repetitions = $wakings")
return f64(heads) / f64(wakings) * 100
}
fn main() {
rand.seed(seed.time_seed_array(2))
pc := sleeping_beauty(1000000)
println("Percentage probability of heads on waking = $pc%")
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_problem | Sleeping Beauty problem | Background on the task
In decision theory, The Sleeping Beauty Problem
is a problem invented by Arnold Zoboff and first publicized on Usenet. The experimental
subject, named Sleeping Beauty, agrees to an experiment as follows:
Sleeping Beauty volunteers to be put into a deep sleep on a Sunday. There is then a fair coin toss.
If this coin toss comes up heads, Sleeping Beauty wakes once (on Monday) and is asked to
estimate the probability that the coin toss was heads. Her estimate is recorded and she is
then put back to sleep for 2 days until Wednesday, at which time the experiment's results are tallied.
If instead the coin toss is tails, Sleeping Beauty wakes as before on Monday and asked to
estimate the probability the coin toss was heads, but is then given a drug which makes her forget
that she had been woken on Monday before being put back to sleep again. She then wakes only 1 day
later, on Tuesday. She is then asked (on Tuesday) again to guess the probability that the coin toss
was heads or tails. She is then put back to sleep and awakes as before 1 day later, on Wednesday.
Some decision makers have argued that since the coin toss was fair Sleeping Beauty should always
estimate the probability of heads as 1/2, since she does not have any additional information. Others
have disagreed, saying that if Sleeping Beauty knows the study design she also knows that she is twice
as likely to wake up and be asked to estimate the coin flip on tails than on heads, so the estimate
should be 1/3 heads.
Task
Given the above problem, create a Monte Carlo estimate of the actual results. The program should find the
proportion of heads on waking and asking Sleeping Beauty for an estimate, as a credence or as a percentage of the times Sleeping Beauty
is asked the question.
| #Wren | Wren | import "random" for Random
import "/fmt" for Fmt
var rand = Random.new()
var sleepingBeauty = Fn.new { |reps|
var wakings = 0
var heads = 0
for (i in 0...reps) {
var coin = rand.int(2) // heads = 0, tails = 1 say
wakings = wakings + 1
if (coin == 0) {
heads = heads + 1
} else {
wakings = wakings + 1
}
}
Fmt.print("Wakings over $,d repetitions = $,d", reps, wakings)
return heads/wakings * 100
}
var pc = sleepingBeauty.call(1e6)
Fmt.print("Percentage probability of heads on waking = $f\%", pc) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #jq | jq | def Smarandache_primes:
# Output: a naively constructed stream of candidate strings of length >= 1
def Smarandache_candidates:
def unconstrained($length):
if $length==1 then "2", "3", "5", "7"
else ("2", "3", "5", "7") as $n
| $n + unconstrained($length -1 )
end;
unconstrained(. - 1) as $u
| ("3", "7") as $tail
| $u + $tail ;
2,3,5,7,
(range(2; infinite) | Smarandache_candidates | tonumber | select(is_prime));
# Override jq's incorrect definition of nth/2
# Emit the $n-th value of the stream, counting from 0; or emit nothing
def nth($n; s):
if $n < 0 then error("nth/2 doesn't support negative indices")
else label $out
| foreach s as $x (-1; .+1; select(. >= $n) | $x, break $out)
end;
"First 25:",
[limit(25; Smarandache_primes)],
# jq counts from 0 so:
"\nThe hundredth: \(nth(99; Smarandache_primes))" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Julia | Julia |
using Combinatorics, Primes
combodigits(len) = sort!(unique(map(y -> join(y, ""), with_replacement_combinations("2357", len))))
function getprimes(N, maxdigits=9)
ret = [2, 3, 5, 7]
perms = Int[]
for i in 1:maxdigits-1, combo in combodigits(i), perm in permutations(combo)
n = parse(Int64, String(perm)) * 10
push!(perms, n + 3, n + 7)
end
for perm in sort!(perms)
if isprime(perm) && !(perm in ret)
push!(ret, perm)
if length(ret) >= N
return ret
end
end
end
end
const v = getprimes(10000)
println("The first 25 Smarandache primes are: ", v[1:25])
println("The 100th Smarandache prime is: ", v[100])
println("The 10000th Smarandache prime is: ", v[10000])
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Lua | Lua | -- FUNCS:
local function T(t) return setmetatable(t, {__index=table}) end
table.firstn = function(t,n) local s=T{} n=n>#t and #t or n for i = 1,n do s[i]=t[i] end return s end
-- SIEVE:
local sieve, S = {}, 50000
for i = 2,S do sieve[i]=true end
for i = 2,S do if sieve[i] then for j=i*i,S,i do sieve[j]=nil end end end
-- TASKS:
local digs, cans, spds, N = {2,3,5,7}, T{0}, T{}, 100
while #spds < N do
local c = cans:remove(1)
for _,d in ipairs(digs) do cans:insert(c*10+d) end
if sieve[c] then spds:insert(c) end
end
print("1-25 : " .. spds:firstn(25):concat(" "))
print("100th: " .. spds[100]) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Snake | Snake |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Snake_(video_game). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Snake is a game where the player maneuvers a line which grows in length every time the snake reaches a food source.
Task
Implement a variant of the Snake game, in any interactive environment, in which a sole player attempts to eat items by running into them with the head of the snake.
Each item eaten makes the snake longer and a new item is randomly generated somewhere else on the plane.
The game ends when the snake attempts to eat himself.
| #C.2B.2B | C++ |
#include <windows.h>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
const int WID = 60, HEI = 30, MAX_LEN = 600;
enum DIR { NORTH, EAST, SOUTH, WEST };
class snake {
public:
snake() {
console = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE ); SetConsoleTitle( "Snake" );
COORD coord = { WID + 1, HEI + 2 }; SetConsoleScreenBufferSize( console, coord );
SMALL_RECT rc = { 0, 0, WID, HEI + 1 }; SetConsoleWindowInfo( console, TRUE, &rc );
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO ci = { 1, false }; SetConsoleCursorInfo( console, &ci );
}
void play() {
std::string a;
while( 1 ) {
createField(); alive = true;
while( alive ) { drawField(); readKey(); moveSnake(); Sleep( 50 ); }
COORD c = { 0, HEI + 1 }; SetConsoleCursorPosition( console, c );
SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x000b );
std::cout << "Play again [Y/N]? "; std::cin >> a;
if( a.at( 0 ) != 'Y' && a.at( 0 ) != 'y' ) return;
}
}
private:
void createField() {
COORD coord = { 0, 0 }; DWORD c;
FillConsoleOutputCharacter( console, ' ', ( HEI + 2 ) * 80, coord, &c );
FillConsoleOutputAttribute( console, 0x0000, ( HEI + 2 ) * 80, coord, &c );
SetConsoleCursorPosition( console, coord );
int x = 0, y = 1; for( ; x < WID * HEI; x++ ) brd[x] = 0;
for( x = 0; x < WID; x++ ) {
brd[x] = brd[x + WID * ( HEI - 1 )] = '+';
}
for( ; y < HEI; y++ ) {
brd[0 + WID * y] = brd[WID - 1 + WID * y] = '+';
}
do {
x = rand() % WID; y = rand() % ( HEI >> 1 ) + ( HEI >> 1 );
} while( brd[x + WID * y] );
brd[x + WID * y] = '@';
tailIdx = 0; headIdx = 4; x = 3; y = 2;
for( int c = tailIdx; c < headIdx; c++ ) {
brd[x + WID * y] = '#';
snk[c].X = 3 + c; snk[c].Y = 2;
}
head = snk[3]; dir = EAST; points = 0;
}
void readKey() {
if( GetAsyncKeyState( 39 ) & 0x8000 ) dir = EAST;
if( GetAsyncKeyState( 37 ) & 0x8000 ) dir = WEST;
if( GetAsyncKeyState( 38 ) & 0x8000 ) dir = NORTH;
if( GetAsyncKeyState( 40 ) & 0x8000 ) dir = SOUTH;
}
void drawField() {
COORD coord; char t;
for( int y = 0; y < HEI; y++ ) {
coord.Y = y;
for( int x = 0; x < WID; x++ ) {
t = brd[x + WID * y]; if( !t ) continue;
coord.X = x; SetConsoleCursorPosition( console, coord );
if( coord.X == head.X && coord.Y == head.Y ) {
SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x002e );
std::cout << 'O'; SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x0000 );
continue;
}
switch( t ) {
case '#': SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x002a ); break;
case '+': SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x0019 ); break;
case '@': SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x004c ); break;
}
std::cout << t; SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x0000 );
}
}
std::cout << t; SetConsoleTextAttribute( console, 0x0007 );
COORD c = { 0, HEI }; SetConsoleCursorPosition( console, c );
std::cout << "Points: " << points;
}
void moveSnake() {
switch( dir ) {
case NORTH: head.Y--; break;
case EAST: head.X++; break;
case SOUTH: head.Y++; break;
case WEST: head.X--; break;
}
char t = brd[head.X + WID * head.Y];
if( t && t != '@' ) { alive = false; return; }
brd[head.X + WID * head.Y] = '#';
snk[headIdx].X = head.X; snk[headIdx].Y = head.Y;
if( ++headIdx >= MAX_LEN ) headIdx = 0;
if( t == '@' ) {
points++; int x, y;
do {
x = rand() % WID; y = rand() % ( HEI >> 1 ) + ( HEI >> 1 );
} while( brd[x + WID * y] );
brd[x + WID * y] = '@'; return;
}
SetConsoleCursorPosition( console, snk[tailIdx] ); std::cout << ' ';
brd[snk[tailIdx].X + WID * snk[tailIdx].Y] = 0;
if( ++tailIdx >= MAX_LEN ) tailIdx = 0;
}
bool alive; char brd[WID * HEI];
HANDLE console; DIR dir; COORD snk[MAX_LEN];
COORD head; int tailIdx, headIdx, points;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
srand( static_cast<unsigned>( time( NULL ) ) );
snake s; s.play(); return 0;
}
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smith_numbers | Smith numbers | Smith numbers are numbers such that the sum of the decimal digits of the integers that make up that number is the same as the sum of the decimal digits of its prime factors excluding 1.
By definition, all primes are excluded as they (naturally) satisfy this condition!
Smith numbers are also known as joke numbers.
Example
Using the number 166
Find the prime factors of 166 which are: 2 x 83
Then, take those two prime factors and sum all their decimal digits: 2 + 8 + 3 which is 13
Then, take the decimal digits of 166 and add their decimal digits: 1 + 6 + 6 which is 13
Therefore, the number 166 is a Smith number.
Task
Write a program to find all Smith numbers below 10000.
See also
from Wikipedia: [Smith number].
from MathWorld: [Smith number].
from OEIS A6753: [OEIS sequence A6753].
from OEIS A104170: [Number of Smith numbers below 10^n].
from The Prime pages: [Smith numbers].
| #AWK | AWK |
# syntax: GAWK -f SMITH_NUMBERS.AWK
# converted from C
BEGIN {
limit = 10000
printf("Smith Numbers < %d:\n",limit)
for (a=4; a<limit; a++) {
num_factors = num_prime_factors(a)
if (num_factors < 2) {
continue
}
prime_factors(a)
if (sum_digits(a) == sum_factors(num_factors)) {
printf("%4d ",a)
if (++cr % 16 == 0) {
printf("\n")
}
}
delete arr
}
printf("\n")
exit(0)
}
function num_prime_factors(x, p,pf) {
p = 2
pf = 0
if (x == 1) {
return(1)
}
while (1) {
if (!(x % p)) {
pf++
x = int(x/p)
if (x == 1) {
return(pf)
}
}
else {
p++
}
}
}
function prime_factors(x, p,pf) {
p = 2
pf = 0
if (x == 1) {
arr[pf] = 1
}
else {
while (1) {
if (!(x % p)) {
arr[pf++] = p
x = int(x/p)
if (x == 1) {
return
}
}
else {
p++
}
}
}
}
function sum_digits(x, sum,y) {
while (x) {
y = x % 10
sum += y
x = int(x/10)
}
return(sum)
}
function sum_factors(x, a,sum) {
sum = 0
for (a=0; a<x; a++) {
sum += sum_digits(arr[a])
}
return(sum)
}
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Hidato_puzzle | Solve a Hidato puzzle | The task is to write a program which solves Hidato (aka Hidoku) puzzles.
The rules are:
You are given a grid with some numbers placed in it. The other squares in the grid will be blank.
The grid is not necessarily rectangular.
The grid may have holes in it.
The grid is always connected.
The number “1” is always present, as is another number that is equal to the number of squares in the grid. Other numbers are present so as to force the solution to be unique.
It may be assumed that the difference between numbers present on the grid is not greater than lucky 13.
The aim is to place a natural number in each blank square so that in the sequence of numbered squares from “1” upwards, each square is in the wp:Moore neighborhood of the squares immediately before and after it in the sequence (except for the first and last squares, of course, which only have one-sided constraints).
Thus, if the grid was overlaid on a chessboard, a king would be able to make legal moves along the path from first to last square in numerical order.
A square may only contain one number.
In a proper Hidato puzzle, the solution is unique.
For example the following problem
has the following solution, with path marked on it:
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
N-queens problem
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle;
| #Elixir | Elixir | # Solve a Hidato Like Puzzle with Warnsdorff like logic applied
#
defmodule HLPsolver do
defmodule Cell do
defstruct value: -1, used: false, adj: []
end
def solve(str, adjacent, print_out\\true) do
board = setup(str)
if print_out, do: print(board, "Problem:")
{start, _} = Enum.find(board, fn {_,cell} -> cell.value==1 end)
board = set_adj(board, adjacent)
zbl = for %Cell{value: n} <- Map.values(board), into: %{}, do: {n, true}
try do
solve(board, start, 1, zbl, map_size(board))
IO.puts "No solution"
catch
{:ok, result} -> if print_out, do: print(result, "Solution:"),
else: result
end
end
defp solve(board, position, seq_num, zbl, goal) do
value = board[position].value
cond do
value > 0 and value != seq_num -> nil
value == 0 and zbl[seq_num] -> nil
true ->
cell = %Cell{board[position] | value: seq_num, used: true}
board = %{board | position => cell}
if seq_num == goal, do: throw({:ok, board})
Enum.each(wdof(board, cell.adj), fn pos ->
solve(board, pos, seq_num+1, zbl, goal)
end)
end
end
defp setup(str) do
lines = String.strip(str) |> String.split(~r/(\n|\r\n|\r)/) |> Enum.with_index
for {line,i} <- lines, {char,j} <- Enum.with_index(String.split(line)),
:error != Integer.parse(char), into: %{} do
{n,_} = Integer.parse(char)
{{i,j}, %Cell{value: n}}
end
end
defp set_adj(board, adjacent) do
Enum.reduce(Map.keys(board), board, fn {x,y},map ->
adj = Enum.map(adjacent, fn {i,j} -> {x+i, y+j} end)
|> Enum.reduce([], fn pos,acc -> if board[pos], do: [pos | acc], else: acc end)
Map.update!(map, {x,y}, fn cell -> %Cell{cell | adj: adj} end)
end)
end
defp wdof(board, adj) do # Warnsdorf's rule
Enum.reject(adj, fn pos -> board[pos].used end)
|> Enum.sort_by(fn pos ->
Enum.count(board[pos].adj, fn p -> not board[p].used end)
end)
end
def print(board, title) do
IO.puts "\n#{title}"
{xmin, xmax} = Map.keys(board) |> Enum.map(fn {x,_} -> x end) |> Enum.min_max
{ymin, ymax} = Map.keys(board) |> Enum.map(fn {_,y} -> y end) |> Enum.min_max
len = map_size(board) |> to_char_list |> length
space = String.duplicate(" ", len)
Enum.each(xmin..xmax, fn x ->
Enum.map_join(ymin..ymax, " ", fn y ->
case Map.get(board, {x,y}) do
nil -> space
cell -> to_string(cell.value) |> String.rjust(len)
end
end)
|> IO.puts
end)
end
end |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sokoban | Sokoban | Demonstrate how to find a solution to a given Sokoban level. For the purpose of this task (formally, a PSPACE-complete problem) any method may be used. However a move-optimal or push-optimal (or any other -optimal) solutions is preferred.
Sokoban levels are usually stored as a character array where
space is an empty square
# is a wall
@ is the player
$ is a box
. is a goal
+ is the player on a goal
* is a box on a goal
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
Sokoban solutions are usually stored in the LURD format, where lowercase l, u, r and d represent a move in that (left, up, right, down) direction and capital LURD represents a push.
Please state if you use some other format for either the input or output, and why.
For more information, see the Sokoban wiki.
| #Python | Python | from array import array
from collections import deque
import psyco
data = []
nrows = 0
px = py = 0
sdata = ""
ddata = ""
def init(board):
global data, nrows, sdata, ddata, px, py
data = filter(None, board.splitlines())
nrows = max(len(r) for r in data)
maps = {' ':' ', '.': '.', '@':' ', '#':'#', '$':' '}
mapd = {' ':' ', '.': ' ', '@':'@', '#':' ', '$':'*'}
for r, row in enumerate(data):
for c, ch in enumerate(row):
sdata += maps[ch]
ddata += mapd[ch]
if ch == '@':
px = c
py = r
def push(x, y, dx, dy, data):
if sdata[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] == '#' or \
data[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] != ' ':
return None
data2 = array("c", data)
data2[y * nrows + x] = ' '
data2[(y+dy) * nrows + x+dx] = '@'
data2[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] = '*'
return data2.tostring()
def is_solved(data):
for i in xrange(len(data)):
if (sdata[i] == '.') != (data[i] == '*'):
return False
return True
def solve():
open = deque([(ddata, "", px, py)])
visited = set([ddata])
dirs = ((0, -1, 'u', 'U'), ( 1, 0, 'r', 'R'),
(0, 1, 'd', 'D'), (-1, 0, 'l', 'L'))
lnrows = nrows
while open:
cur, csol, x, y = open.popleft()
for di in dirs:
temp = cur
dx, dy = di[0], di[1]
if temp[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] == '*':
temp = push(x, y, dx, dy, temp)
if temp and temp not in visited:
if is_solved(temp):
return csol + di[3]
open.append((temp, csol + di[3], x+dx, y+dy))
visited.add(temp)
else:
if sdata[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] == '#' or \
temp[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] != ' ':
continue
data2 = array("c", temp)
data2[y * lnrows + x] = ' '
data2[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] = '@'
temp = data2.tostring()
if temp not in visited:
if is_solved(temp):
return csol + di[2]
open.append((temp, csol + di[2], x+dx, y+dy))
visited.add(temp)
return "No solution"
level = """\
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######"""
psyco.full()
init(level)
print level, "\n\n", solve() |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Holy_Knight%27s_tour | Solve a Holy Knight's tour |
Chess coaches have been known to inflict a kind of torture on beginners by taking a chess board, placing pennies on some squares and requiring that a Knight's tour be constructed that avoids the squares with pennies.
This kind of knight's tour puzzle is similar to Hidato.
The present task is to produce a solution to such problems. At least demonstrate your program by solving the following:
Example
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Note that the zeros represent the available squares, not the pennies.
Extra credit is available for other interesting examples.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle
| #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
sequence board, warnsdorffs
integer size, limit, nchars
string fmt, blank
constant ROW = 1, COL = 2,
moves = {{-1,-2},{-2,-1},{-2,1},{-1,2},{1,2},{2,1},{2,-1},{1,-2}}
function onboard(integer row, integer col)
return row>=1 and row<=size and col>=nchars and col<=nchars*size
end function
procedure init_warnsdorffs()
for row=1 to size do
for col=nchars to nchars*size by nchars do
for move=1 to length(moves) do
integer nrow = row+moves[move][ROW],
ncol = col+moves[move][COL]*nchars
if onboard(nrow,ncol) then
warnsdorffs[nrow][ncol] += 1
end if
end for
end for
end for
end procedure
atom t0 = time(),
t1 = time()+1
integer tries = 0, backtracks = 0
function solve(integer row, integer col, integer n)
if time()>t1 and platform()!=JS then
?{row,floor(col/nchars),n,tries}
puts(1,join(board,"\n")&"\n")
t1 = time()+1
end if
tries+= 1
if n>limit then return 1 end if
sequence wmoves = {}
integer nrow, ncol
for move=1 to length(moves) do
nrow = row+moves[move][ROW]
ncol = col+moves[move][COL]*nchars
if onboard(nrow,ncol)
and board[nrow][ncol]=' ' then
wmoves = append(wmoves,{warnsdorffs[nrow][ncol],nrow,ncol})
end if
end for
wmoves = sort(wmoves)
-- avoid creating orphans
if length(wmoves)<2 or wmoves[2][1]>1 then
for m=1 to length(wmoves) do
{?,nrow,ncol} = wmoves[m]
warnsdorffs[nrow][ncol] -= 1
end for
for m=1 to length(wmoves) do
{?,nrow,ncol} = wmoves[m]
integer scol = ncol-nchars+1
board[nrow][scol..ncol] = sprintf(fmt,n)
if solve(nrow,ncol,n+1) then return 1 end if
backtracks += 1
board[nrow][scol..ncol] = blank
end for
for m=1 to length(wmoves) do
{?,nrow,ncol} = wmoves[m]
warnsdorffs[nrow][ncol] += 1
end for
end if
return 0
end function
procedure holyknight(sequence s)
s = split(s,'\n')
size = length(s)
nchars = length(sprintf(" %d",size*size))
fmt = sprintf(" %%%dd",nchars-1)
blank = repeat(' ',nchars)
board = repeat(repeat(' ',size*nchars),size)
limit = 1
integer sx, sy
for x=1 to size do
integer y = nchars
for j=1 to size do
integer ch = iff(j>length(s[x])?'-':s[x][j])
if ch=' ' then
ch = '-'
elsif ch='0' then
ch = ' '
limit += 1
elsif ch='1' then
sx = x
sy = y
end if
board[x][y] = ch
y += nchars
end for
end for
warnsdorffs = repeat(repeat(0,size*nchars),size)
init_warnsdorffs()
t0 = time()
tries = 0
backtracks = 0
t1 = time()+1
if solve(sx,sy,2) then
puts(1,join(board,"\n"))
printf(1,"\nsolution found in %d tries, %d backtracks (%3.2fs)\n",{tries,backtracks,time()-t0})
else
puts(1,"no solutions found\n")
end if
end procedure
constant board1 = """
000
0 00
0000000
000 0 0
0 0 000
1000000
00 0
000"""
holyknight(board1)
constant board2 = """
-----1-0-----
-----0-0-----
----00000----
-----000-----
--0--0-0--0--
00000---00000
--00-----00--
00000---00000
--0--0-0--0--
-----000-----
----00000----
-----0-0-----
-----0-0-----"""
if platform()!=JS then
holyknight(board2)
end if
{} = wait_key()
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_array_of_composite_structures | Sort an array of composite structures |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Sort an array of composite structures by a key.
For example, if you define a composite structure that presents a name-value pair (in pseudo-code):
Define structure pair such that:
name as a string
value as a string
and an array of such pairs:
x: array of pairs
then define a sort routine that sorts the array x by the key name.
This task can always be accomplished with Sorting Using a Custom Comparator.
If your language is not listed here, please see the other article.
| #Go | Go | package main
import (
"fmt"
"sort"
)
type pair struct {
name, value string
}
type csArray []pair
// three methods satisfy sort.Interface
func (a csArray) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i].name < a[j].name }
func (a csArray) Len() int { return len(a) }
func (a csArray) Swap(i, j int) { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
var x = csArray{
pair{"joe", "120"},
pair{"foo", "31"},
pair{"bar", "251"},
}
func main() {
sort.Sort(x)
for _, p := range x {
fmt.Printf("%5s: %s\n", p.name, p.value)
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
constant txt = """
A B
/|\ /|\
/ | X | \
/ |/ \| \
C - D - E - F
\ |\ /| /
\ | X | /
\|/ \|/
G H
"""
--constant links = "CA DA DB DC EA EB ED FB FE GC GD GE HD HE HF"
constant links = {"","","A","ABC","ABD","BE","CDE","DEF"}
function solve(sequence s, integer idx, sequence part)
object res
integer v, p
for i=1 to length(s) do
v = s[i]
for j=1 to length(links[idx]) do
p = links[idx][j]-'@'
if abs(v-part[p])<2 then v=0 exit end if
end for
if v then
if length(s)=1 then return part&v end if
res = solve(s[1..i-1]&s[i+1..$],idx+1,part&v)
if sequence(res) then return res end if
end if
end for
return 0
end function
printf(1,substitute_all(txt,"ABCDEFGH",solve("12345678",1,"")))
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Golfscript | Golfscript | [2 4 3 1 2]$ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Groovy | Groovy | println ([2,4,0,3,1,2,-12].sort()) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_a_list_of_object_identifiers | Sort a list of object identifiers |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Object identifiers (OID)
Task
Show how to sort a list of OIDs, in their natural sort order.
Details
An OID consists of one or more non-negative integers in base 10, separated by dots. It starts and ends with a number.
Their natural sort order is lexicographical with regard to the dot-separated fields, using numeric comparison between fields.
Test case
Input (list of strings)
Output (list of strings)
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
Related tasks
Natural sorting
Sort using a custom comparator
| #Tcl | Tcl |
# Example input data:
set oid_list [list \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10 \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79 \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4 \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1 \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1 \
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0 ]
set oid2_lists [list ]
set dots_max 0
set i 0
foreach oid $oid_list {
set oid_list [split $oid "."]
set dot_count [llength $oid_list]
incr dot_count -1
if { $dot_count > $dots_max } {
set dots_max $dot_count
}
set dots_arr(${i}) $dot_count
lappend oid2_lists $oid_list
incr i
}
# pad for strings of different dot counts
set oid3_lists [list]
for {set ii 0} {$ii < $i} {incr ii} {
set oid_list [lindex $oid2_lists $ii]
set add_fields [expr { $dots_max - $dots_arr(${ii}) } ]
if { $add_fields > 0 } {
for {set j 0} {$j < $add_fields} {incr j} {
lappend oid_list -1
}
}
lappend oid3_lists $oid_list
}
for {set n $dots_max} {$n >= 0 } {incr n -1} {
set oid3_lists [lsort -integer -index $n -increasing $oid3_lists]
}
# unpad strings of different dot counts
set oid4_lists [list]
for {set ii 0} {$ii < $i} {incr ii} {
set oid_list [lindex $oid3_lists $ii]
set j [lsearch -exact -integer $oid_list -1]
if { $j > -1 } {
set oid2_list [lrange $oid_list 0 ${j}-1]
lappend oid4_lists $oid2_list
} else {
lappend oid4_lists $oid_list
}
}
foreach oid_list $oid4_lists {
puts [join $oid_list "."]
}
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_disjoint_sublist | Sort disjoint sublist |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Given a list of values and a set of integer indices into that value list, the task is to sort the values at the given indices, while preserving the values at indices outside the set of those to be sorted.
Make your example work with the following list of values and set of indices:
Values: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
Indices: {6, 1, 7}
Where the correct result would be:
[7, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6].
In case of one-based indexing, rather than the zero-based indexing above, you would use the indices {7, 2, 8} instead.
The indices are described as a set rather than a list but any collection-type of those indices without duplication may be used as long as the example is insensitive to the order of indices given.
Cf.
Order disjoint list items
| #Objective-C | Objective-C | #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface DisjointSublistView : NSMutableArray {
NSMutableArray *array;
int *indexes;
int num_indexes;
}
- (instancetype)initWithArray:(NSMutableArray *)a andIndexes:(NSIndexSet *)ind;
@end
@implementation DisjointSublistView
- (instancetype)initWithArray:(NSMutableArray *)a andIndexes:(NSIndexSet *)ind {
if ((self = [super init])) {
array = a;
num_indexes = [ind count];
indexes = malloc(num_indexes * sizeof(int));
for (NSUInteger i = [ind firstIndex], j = 0; i != NSNotFound; i = [ind indexGreaterThanIndex:i], j++)
indexes[j] = i;
}
return self;
}
- (void)dealloc {
free(indexes);
}
- (NSUInteger)count { return num_indexes; }
- (id)objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)i { return array[indexes[i]]; }
- (void)replaceObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)i withObject:(id)x { array[indexes[i]] = x; }
@end
@interface NSMutableArray (SortDisjoint)
- (void)sortDisjointSublist:(NSIndexSet *)indexes usingSelector:(SEL)comparator;
@end
@implementation NSMutableArray (SortDisjoint)
- (void)sortDisjointSublist:(NSIndexSet *)indexes usingSelector:(SEL)comparator {
DisjointSublistView *d = [[DisjointSublistView alloc] initWithArray:self andIndexes:indexes];
[d sortUsingSelector:comparator];
}
@end
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
NSMutableArray *a = [@[@7, @6, @5, @4, @3, @2, @1, @0] mutableCopy];
NSMutableIndexSet *ind = [NSMutableIndexSet indexSet];
[ind addIndex:6]; [ind addIndex:1]; [ind addIndex:7];
[a sortDisjointSublist:ind usingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
NSLog(@"%@", a);
}
return 0;
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_three_variables | Sort three variables |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort (the values of) three variables (X, Y, and Z) that contain any value (numbers and/or literals).
If that isn't possible in your language, then just sort numbers (and note if they can be floating point, integer, or other).
I.E.: (for the three variables x, y, and z), where:
x = 'lions, tigers, and'
y = 'bears, oh my!'
z = '(from the "Wizard of OZ")'
After sorting, the three variables would hold:
x = '(from the "Wizard of OZ")'
y = 'bears, oh my!'
z = 'lions, tigers, and'
For numeric value sorting, use:
I.E.: (for the three variables x, y, and z), where:
x = 77444
y = -12
z = 0
After sorting, the three variables would hold:
x = -12
y = 0
z = 77444
The variables should contain some form of a number, but specify if the algorithm
used can be for floating point or integers. Note any limitations.
The values may or may not be unique.
The method used for sorting can be any algorithm; the goal is to use the most idiomatic in the computer programming language used.
More than one algorithm could be shown if one isn't clearly the better choice.
One algorithm could be:
• store the three variables x, y, and z
into an array (or a list) A
• sort (the three elements of) the array A
• extract the three elements from the array and place them in the
variables x, y, and z in order of extraction
Another algorithm (only for numeric values):
x= 77444
y= -12
z= 0
low= x
mid= y
high= z
x= min(low, mid, high) /*determine the lowest value of X,Y,Z. */
z= max(low, mid, high) /* " " highest " " " " " */
y= low + mid + high - x - z /* " " middle " " " " " */
Show the results of the sort here on this page using at least the values of those shown above.
| #zkl | zkl | x,y,z := "lions, tigers, and", "bears, oh my!", 0'|(from the "Wizard of OZ")|;
x,y,z = List(x,y,z).sort();
println(x," | ",y," | ",z);
x,y,z := 77444, -12, 0;
x,y,z = List(x,y,z).sort();
println(x," ",y," ",z); |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_using_a_custom_comparator | Sort using a custom comparator |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of strings in order of descending length, and in ascending lexicographic order for strings of equal length.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library, combined with your own callback comparison function.
Note: Lexicographic order is case-insensitive.
| #Perl | Perl | use feature 'say';
@strings = qw/Here are some sample strings to be sorted/;
# with a subroutine:
sub mycmp { length $b <=> length $a || lc $a cmp lc $b }
say join ' ', sort mycmp @strings;
# inline:
say join ' ', sort {length $b <=> length $a || lc $a cmp lc $b} @strings
# for large inputs, can be faster with a 'Schwartzian' transform:
say join ' ', map { $_->[0] }
sort { $b->[1] <=> $a->[1] || $a->[2] cmp $b->[2] }
map { [ $_, length, lc ] }
@strings; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bogosort | Sorting algorithms/Bogosort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Bogosort a list of numbers.
Bogosort simply shuffles a collection randomly until it is sorted.
"Bogosort" is a perversely inefficient algorithm only used as an in-joke.
Its average run-time is O(n!) because the chance that any given shuffle of a set will end up in sorted order is about one in n factorial, and the worst case is infinite since there's no guarantee that a random shuffling will ever produce a sorted sequence.
Its best case is O(n) since a single pass through the elements may suffice to order them.
Pseudocode:
while not InOrder(list) do
Shuffle(list)
done
The Knuth shuffle may be used to implement the shuffle part of this algorithm.
| #Wren | Wren | import "random" for Random
import "/sort" for Sort
var bogoSort = Fn.new { |a|
var rand = Random.new()
while (!Sort.isSorted(a)) rand.shuffle(a)
}
var a = [31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84]
System.print("Before: %(a)")
bogoSort.call(a)
System.print("After : %(a)") |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bubble_sort | Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them).
Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass.
A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
References
The article on Wikipedia.
Dance interpretation.
| #Gambas | Gambas | Public Sub Main()
Dim byToSort As Byte[] = [249, 28, 111, 36, 171, 98, 29, 448, 44, 147, 154, 46, 102, 183, 24,
120, 19, 123, 2, 17, 226, 11, 211, 25, 191, 205, 77]
Dim byCount As Byte
Dim bSorting As Boolean
Print "To sort: -"
ShowWorking(byToSort)
Print
Repeat
bSorting = False
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max - 1
If byToSort[byCount] > byToSort[byCount + 1] Then
Swap byToSort[byCount], byToSort[byCount + 1]
bSorting = True
Endif
Next
If bSorting Then ShowWorking(byToSort)
Until bSorting = False
End
'-----------------------------------------
Public Sub ShowWorking(byToSort As Byte[])
Dim byCount As Byte
For byCount = 0 To byToSort.Max
Print Str(byToSort[byCount]);
If byCount <> byToSort.Max Then Print ",";
Next
Print
End |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort | Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.
The pseudocode for the algorithm is:
function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
i := 1
j := 2
while i < size do
if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
// for descending sort, use >= for comparison
i := j
j := j + 1
else
swap a[i-1] and a[i]
i := i - 1
if i = 0 then
i := j
j := j + 1
endif
endif
done
Task
Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.
| #PowerBASIC | PowerBASIC | SUB gnomeSort (a() AS LONG)
DIM i AS LONG, j AS LONG
i = 1
j = 2
WHILE (i < UBOUND(a) + 1)
IF (a(i - 1) <= a(i)) THEN
i = j
INCR j
ELSE
SWAP a(i - 1), a(i)
DECR i
IF 0 = i THEN
i = j
INCR j
END IF
END IF
WEND
END SUB
FUNCTION PBMAIN () AS LONG
DIM n(9) AS LONG, x AS LONG
RANDOMIZE TIMER
OPEN "output.txt" FOR OUTPUT AS 1
FOR x = 0 TO 9
n(x) = INT(RND * 9999)
PRINT #1, n(x); ",";
NEXT
PRINT #1,
gnomeSort n()
FOR x = 0 TO 9
PRINT #1, n(x); ",";
NEXT
CLOSE 1
END FUNCTION |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Cocktail_sort | Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Cocktail sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
The cocktail shaker sort is an improvement on the Bubble Sort.
The improvement is basically that values "bubble" both directions through the array, because on each iteration the cocktail shaker sort bubble sorts once forwards and once backwards. Pseudocode for the algorithm (from wikipedia):
function cocktailSort( A : list of sortable items )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to length( A ) - 2 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then // test whether the two
// elements are in the wrong
// order
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] ) // let the two elements
// change places
swapped := true;
if swapped = false then
// we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
break do-while loop;
swapped := false
for each i in length( A ) - 2 down to 0 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] )
swapped := true;
while swapped; // if no elements have been swapped,
// then the list is sorted
Related task
cocktail sort with shifting bounds
| #Perl | Perl | use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
sub cocktail_sort {
my @a = @_;
while (1) {
my $swapped_forward = 0;
for my $i (0..$#a-1) {
if ($a[$i] gt $a[$i+1]) {
@a[$i, $i+1] = @a[$i+1, $i];
$swapped_forward = 1;
}
}
last if not $swapped_forward;
my $swapped_backward = 0;
for my $i (reverse 0..$#a-1) {
if ($a[$i] gt $a[$i+1]) {
@a[$i, $i+1] = @a[$i+1, $i];
$swapped_backward = 1;
}
}
last if not $swapped_backward;
}
@a
}
say join ' ', cocktail_sort( <t h e q u i c k b r o w n f o x j u m p s o v e r t h e l a z y d o g> ); |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Haskell | Haskell | import Network
main = withSocketsDo $ sendTo "localhost" (PortNumber $ toEnum 256) "hello socket world" |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | link cfunc
procedure main ()
hello("localhost", 1024)
end
procedure hello (host, port)
write(tconnect(host, port) | stop("unable to connect to", host, ":", port) , "hello socket world")
end |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language | Mathematica / Wolfram Language | ClearAll[SmarandachePrimeQ]
SmarandachePrimeQ[n_Integer] := MatchQ[IntegerDigits[n], {(2 | 3 | 5 | 7) ..}] \[And] PrimeQ[n]
s = Select[Range[10^5], SmarandachePrimeQ];
Take[s, UpTo[25]]
s[[100]] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Nim | Nim | import math, strformat, strutils
const N = 35_000
# Sieve.
var composite: array[0..N, bool] # Default is false and means prime.
composite[0] = true
composite[1] = true
for n in 2..sqrt(N.toFloat).int:
if not composite[n]:
for k in countup(n * n, N, n):
composite[k] = true
func digits(n: Positive): seq[0..9] =
var n = n.int
while n != 0:
result.add n mod 10
n = n div 10
proc isSPDS(n: int): bool =
if composite[n]: return false
result = true
for d in n.digits:
if composite[d]: return false
iterator spds(maxCount: Positive): int {.closure.} =
yield 2
var count = 1
var n = 3
while count != maxCount and n <= N:
if n.isSPDS:
inc count
yield n
inc n, 2
if count != maxCount:
quit &"Too few values ({count}). Please, increase value of N.", QuitFailure
stdout.write "The first 25 SPDS are:"
for n in spds(25):
stdout.write ' ', n
echo()
var count = 0
for n in spds(100):
inc count
if count == 100:
echo "The 100th SPDS is: ", n |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Pascal | Pascal | program Smarandache;
uses
sysutils,primsieve;// http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Extensible_prime_generator#Pascal
const
Digits : array[0..3] of Uint32 = (2,3,5,7);
var
i,j,pot10,DgtLimit,n,DgtCnt,v,cnt,LastPrime,Limit : NativeUint;
procedure Check(n:NativeUint);
var
p : NativeUint;
Begin
p := LastPrime;
while p< n do
p := nextprime;
if p = n then
begin
inc(cnt);
IF (cnt <= 25) then
Begin
IF cnt = 25 then
Begin
writeln(n);
Limit := 100;
end
else
Write(n,',');
end
else
IF cnt = Limit then
Begin
Writeln(cnt:9,n:16);
Limit *=10;
if Limit > 10000 then
HALT;
end;
end;
LastPrime := p;
end;
Begin
Limit := 25;
LastPrime:=1;
//Creating the numbers not the best way but all upto 11 digits take 0.05s
//here only 9 digits
i := 0;
pot10 := 1;
DgtLimit := 1;
v := 4;
repeat
repeat
j := i;
DgtCnt := 0;
pot10 := 1;
n := 0;
repeat
n += pot10*Digits[j MOD 4];
j := j DIV 4;
pot10 *=10;
inc(DgtCnt);
until DgtCnt = DgtLimit;
Check(n);
inc(i);
until i=v;
//one more digit
v *=4;
i :=0;
inc(DgtLimit);
until DgtLimit= 12;
end. |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Snake | Snake |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Snake_(video_game). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Snake is a game where the player maneuvers a line which grows in length every time the snake reaches a food source.
Task
Implement a variant of the Snake game, in any interactive environment, in which a sole player attempts to eat items by running into them with the head of the snake.
Each item eaten makes the snake longer and a new item is randomly generated somewhere else on the plane.
The game ends when the snake attempts to eat himself.
| #Delphi | Delphi |
unit SnakeGame;
interface
uses
Winapi.Windows, System.SysUtils,
System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs,
System.Generics.Collections, Vcl.ExtCtrls;
type
TSnakeApp = class(TForm)
procedure FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word; Shift: TShiftState);
procedure FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
procedure DoFrameStep(Sender: TObject);
procedure Reset;
private
{ Private declarations }
FrameTimer: TTimer;
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
TSnake = class
len: Integer;
alive: Boolean;
pos: TPoint;
posArray: TList<TPoint>;
dir: Byte;
private
function Eat(Fruit: TPoint): Boolean;
function Overlap: Boolean;
procedure update;
public
procedure Paint(Canvas: TCanvas);
procedure Reset;
constructor Create;
destructor Destroy; override;
end;
TFruit = class
FruitTime: Boolean;
pos: TPoint;
constructor Create;
procedure Reset;
procedure Paint(Canvas: TCanvas);
private
procedure SetFruit;
end;
const
L = 1;
R = 2;
D = 4;
U = 8;
var
SnakeApp: TSnakeApp;
block: Integer = 24;
wid: Integer = 30;
hei: Integer = 20;
fruit: TFruit;
snake: TSnake;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
function Rect(x, y, w, h: Integer): TRect;
begin
Result := TRect.Create(x, y, x + w, y + h);
end;
{ TSnake }
constructor TSnake.Create;
begin
posArray := TList<TPoint>.Create;
Reset;
end;
procedure TSnake.Paint(Canvas: TCanvas);
var
pos: TPoint;
i, l: Integer;
r: TRect;
begin
with Canvas do
begin
Brush.Color := rgb(130, 190, 0);
i := posArray.count - 1;
l := posArray.count;
while True do
begin
pos := posArray[i];
dec(i);
r := rect(pos.x * block, pos.y * block, block, block);
FillRect(r);
dec(l);
if l = 0 then
Break;
end;
end;
end;
procedure TSnake.Reset;
begin
alive := true;
pos := Tpoint.Create(1, 1);
posArray.Clear;
posArray.Add(Tpoint.Create(pos));
len := posArray.Count;
dir := r;
end;
destructor TSnake.Destroy;
begin
posArray.Free;
inherited;
end;
function TSnake.Eat(Fruit: TPoint): Boolean;
begin
result := (pos.X = Fruit.X) and (pos.y = Fruit.y);
if result then
begin
inc(len);
if len > 5000 then
len := 500;
end;
end;
function TSnake.Overlap: Boolean;
var
aLen: Integer;
tp: TPoint;
i: Integer;
begin
aLen := posArray.count - 1;
for i := 0 to aLen - 1 do
begin
tp := posArray[i];
if (tp.x = pos.x) and (tp.y = pos.y) then
Exit(True);
end;
Result := false;
end;
procedure TSnake.update;
begin
if not alive then
exit;
case dir of
l:
begin
dec(pos.X);
if pos.X < 1 then
pos.x := wid - 2
end;
r:
begin
inc(pos.x);
if (pos.x > (wid - 2)) then
pos.x := 1;
end;
U:
begin
dec(pos.y);
if (pos.y < 1) then
pos.y := hei - 2
end;
D:
begin
inc(pos.y);
if (pos.y > hei - 2) then
pos.y := 1;
end;
end;
if Overlap then
alive := False
else
begin
posArray.Add(TPoint(pos));
if len < posArray.Count then
posArray.Delete(0);
end;
end;
{ TFruit }
constructor TFruit.Create;
begin
Reset;
end;
procedure TFruit.Paint(Canvas: TCanvas);
var
r: TRect;
begin
with Canvas do
begin
Brush.Color := rgb(200, 50, 20);
r := Rect(pos.x * block, pos.y * block, block, block);
FillRect(r);
end;
end;
procedure TFruit.Reset;
begin
fruitTime := true;
pos := Tpoint.Create(0, 0);
end;
procedure TFruit.SetFruit;
begin
pos.x := Trunc(Random(wid - 2) + 1);
pos.y := Trunc(Random(hei - 2) + 1);
fruitTime := false;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.DoFrameStep(Sender: TObject);
begin
Invalidate;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
FrameTimer.Free;
snake.Free;
Fruit.Free;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
Canvas.pen.Style := psClear;
ClientHeight := block * hei;
ClientWidth := block * wid;
DoubleBuffered := True;
KeyPreview := True;
OnClose := FormClose;
OnKeyDown := FormKeyDown;
OnPaint := FormPaint;
snake := TSnake.Create;
Fruit := TFruit.Create();
FrameTimer := TTimer.Create(nil);
FrameTimer.Interval := 250;
FrameTimer.OnTimer := DoFrameStep;
FrameTimer.Enabled := True;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word; Shift: TShiftState);
function ValidDir(value: Byte): Byte;
var
combination: Byte;
begin
combination := (value or snake.dir);
if (combination = 3) or (combination = 12) then
Result := snake.dir
else
Result := value;
end;
begin
case Key of
VK_LEFT:
snake.dir := ValidDir(l);
VK_RIGHT:
snake.dir := ValidDir(r);
VK_UP:
snake.dir := ValidDir(U);
VK_DOWN:
snake.dir := ValidDir(D);
VK_ESCAPE:
Reset;
end;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
i: Integer;
r: TRect;
frameR: Double;
begin
with Canvas do
begin
Brush.Color := rgb(0, $22, 0);
FillRect(ClipRect);
Brush.Color := rgb(20, 50, 120);
for i := 0 to wid - 1 do
begin
r := rect(i * block, 0, block, block);
FillRect(r);
r := rect(i * block, ClientHeight - block, block, block);
FillRect(r);
end;
for i := 1 to hei - 2 do
begin
r := Rect(1, i * block, block, block);
FillRect(r);
r := Rect(ClientWidth - block, i * block, block, block);
FillRect(r);
end;
if (Fruit.fruitTime) then
begin
Fruit.setFruit();
frameR := FrameTimer.Interval * 0.95;
if frameR < 30 then
frameR := 30;
FrameTimer.Interval := trunc(frameR);
end;
Fruit.Paint(Canvas);
snake.update();
if not snake.alive then
begin
FrameTimer.Enabled := False;
Application.ProcessMessages;
ShowMessage('Game over');
Reset;
exit;
end;
if (snake.eat(Fruit.pos)) then
Fruit.fruitTime := true;
snake.Paint(Canvas);
Brush.Style := bsClear;
Font.Color := rgb(200, 200, 200);
Font.Size := 18;
TextOut(50, 0, (snake.len - 1).ToString);
end;
end;
procedure TSnakeApp.Reset;
begin
snake.Reset;
Fruit.Reset;
FrameTimer.Interval := 250;
FrameTimer.Enabled := True;
end;
end. |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smith_numbers | Smith numbers | Smith numbers are numbers such that the sum of the decimal digits of the integers that make up that number is the same as the sum of the decimal digits of its prime factors excluding 1.
By definition, all primes are excluded as they (naturally) satisfy this condition!
Smith numbers are also known as joke numbers.
Example
Using the number 166
Find the prime factors of 166 which are: 2 x 83
Then, take those two prime factors and sum all their decimal digits: 2 + 8 + 3 which is 13
Then, take the decimal digits of 166 and add their decimal digits: 1 + 6 + 6 which is 13
Therefore, the number 166 is a Smith number.
Task
Write a program to find all Smith numbers below 10000.
See also
from Wikipedia: [Smith number].
from MathWorld: [Smith number].
from OEIS A6753: [OEIS sequence A6753].
from OEIS A104170: [Number of Smith numbers below 10^n].
from The Prime pages: [Smith numbers].
| #BASIC | BASIC | 10 DEFINT A-Z
20 DIM F(32)
30 FOR I=2 TO 9999
40 F=0: N=I
50 IF N>0 AND (N AND 1)=0 THEN N=N\2: F(F)=2: F=F+1: GOTO 50
60 P=3
70 GOTO 100
80 IF N MOD P=0 THEN N=N\P: F(F)=P: F=F+1: GOTO 80
90 P=P+2
100 IF P<=N GOTO 80
110 IF F<=1 GOTO 190
120 N=I: S=0
130 IF N>0 THEN S=S+N MOD 10: N=N\10: GOTO 130
140 FOR J=0 TO F-1
150 N=F(J)
160 IF N>0 THEN S=S-N MOD 10: N=N\10: GOTO 160
170 NEXT
180 IF S=0 THEN PRINT USING " ####";I;: C=C+1
190 NEXT
200 PRINT
210 PRINT "Found";C;"Smith numbers." |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Hidato_puzzle | Solve a Hidato puzzle | The task is to write a program which solves Hidato (aka Hidoku) puzzles.
The rules are:
You are given a grid with some numbers placed in it. The other squares in the grid will be blank.
The grid is not necessarily rectangular.
The grid may have holes in it.
The grid is always connected.
The number “1” is always present, as is another number that is equal to the number of squares in the grid. Other numbers are present so as to force the solution to be unique.
It may be assumed that the difference between numbers present on the grid is not greater than lucky 13.
The aim is to place a natural number in each blank square so that in the sequence of numbered squares from “1” upwards, each square is in the wp:Moore neighborhood of the squares immediately before and after it in the sequence (except for the first and last squares, of course, which only have one-sided constraints).
Thus, if the grid was overlaid on a chessboard, a king would be able to make legal moves along the path from first to last square in numerical order.
A square may only contain one number.
In a proper Hidato puzzle, the solution is unique.
For example the following problem
has the following solution, with path marked on it:
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
N-queens problem
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle;
| #Erlang | Erlang |
-module( solve_hidato_puzzle ).
-export( [create/2, solve/1, task/0] ).
-compile({no_auto_import,[max/2]}).
create( Grid_list, Number_list ) ->
Squares = lists:flatten( [create_column(X, Y) || {X, Y} <- Grid_list] ),
lists:foldl( fun store/2, dict:from_list(Squares), Number_list ).
print( Grid_list ) when is_list(Grid_list) -> print( create(Grid_list, []) );
print( Grid_dict ) ->
Max_x = max_x( Grid_dict ),
Max_y = max_y( Grid_dict ),
Print_row = fun (Y) -> [print(X, Y, Grid_dict) || X <- lists:seq(1, Max_x)], io:nl() end,
[Print_row(Y) || Y <- lists:seq(1, Max_y)].
solve( Dict ) ->
{find_start, [Start]} = {find_start, dict:fold( fun start/3, [], Dict )},
Max = dict:size( Dict ),
{stop_ok, {Max, Max, [Stop]}} = {stop_ok, dict:fold( fun stop/3, {Max, 0, []}, Dict )},
My_pid = erlang:self(),
erlang:spawn( fun() -> path(Start, Stop, Dict, My_pid, []) end ),
receive
{grid, Grid, path, Path} -> {Grid, Path}
end.
task() ->
%% Square is {X, Y}, N}. N = 0 for empty square. These are created if not present.
%% Leftmost column is X=1. Top row is Y=1.
%% Optimised for the example, grid is a list of {X, {Y_min, Y_max}}.
%% When there are holes, X is repeated as many times as needed with two new Y values each time.
Start = {{7,5}, 1},
Stop = {{5,4}, 40},
Grid_list = [{1, {1,5}}, {2, {1,5}}, {3, {1,6}}, {4, {1,6}}, {5, {1,7}}, {6, {3,7}}, {7, {5,8}}, {8, {7,8}}],
Number_list = [Start, Stop, {{1,5}, 27}, {{2,1}, 33}, {{2,4}, 26}, {{3,1}, 35}, {{3,2}, 24},
{{4,2}, 22}, {{4,3}, 21}, {{4,4}, 13}, {{5,5}, 9}, {{5,6}, 18}, {{6,4}, 11}, {{6,7}, 7}, {{7,8}, 5}],
Grid = create( Grid_list, Number_list ),
io:fwrite( "Start grid~n" ),
print( Grid ),
{New_grid, Path} = solve( create(Grid_list, Number_list) ),
io:fwrite( "Start square ~p, Stop square ~p.~nPath ~p~n", [Start, Stop, Path] ),
print( New_grid ).
create_column( X, {Y_min, Y_max} ) -> [{{X, Y}, 0} || Y <- lists:seq(Y_min, Y_max)].
is_filled( Dict ) -> [] =:= dict:fold( fun keep_0_square/3, [], Dict ).
keep_0_square( Key, 0, Acc ) -> [Key | Acc];
keep_0_square( _Key, _Value, Acc ) -> Acc.
max( Position, Keys ) ->
[Square | _T] = lists:reverse( lists:keysort(Position, Keys) ),
Square.
max_x( Dict ) ->
{X, _Y} = max( 1, dict:fetch_keys(Dict) ),
X.
max_y( Dict ) ->
{_X, Y} = max( 2, dict:fetch_keys(Dict) ),
Y.
neighbourhood( Square, Dict ) ->
Potentials = neighbourhood_potential_squares( Square ),
neighbourhood_squares( dict:find(Square, Dict), Potentials, Dict ).
neighbourhood_potential_squares( {X, Y} ) -> [{Sx, Sy} || Sx <- [X-1, X, X+1], Sy <- [Y-1, Y, Y+1], {X, Y} =/= {Sx, Sy}].
neighbourhood_squares( {ok, Value}, Potentials, Dict ) ->
Square_values = lists:flatten( [neighbourhood_square_value(X, dict:find(X, Dict)) || X <- Potentials] ),
Next_value = Value + 1,
neighbourhood_squares_next_value( lists:keyfind(Next_value, 2, Square_values), Square_values, Next_value ).
neighbourhood_squares_next_value( {Square, Value}, _Square_values, Value ) -> [{Square, Value}];
neighbourhood_squares_next_value( false, Square_values, Value ) -> [{Square, Value} || {Square, Y} <- Square_values, Y =:= 0].
neighbourhood_square_value( Square, {ok, Value} ) -> [{Square, Value}];
neighbourhood_square_value( _Square, error ) -> [].
path( Square, Square, Dict, Pid, Path ) -> path_correct( is_filled(Dict), Pid, [Square | Path], Dict );
path( Square, Stop, Dict, Pid, Path ) ->
Reversed_path = [Square | Path],
Neighbours = neighbourhood( Square, Dict ),
[erlang:spawn( fun() -> path(Next_square, Stop, dict:store(Next_square, Value, Dict), Pid, Reversed_path) end ) || {Next_square, Value} <- Neighbours].
path_correct( true, Pid, Path, Dict ) -> Pid ! {grid, Dict, path, lists:reverse( Path )};
path_correct( false, _Pid, _Path, _Dict ) -> dead_end.
print( X, Y, Dict ) -> print_number( dict:find({X, Y}, Dict) ).
print_number( {ok, 0} ) -> io:fwrite( "~3s", ["."] ); % . is less distracting than 0
print_number( {ok, Value} ) -> io:fwrite( "~3b", [Value] );
print_number( error ) -> io:fwrite( "~3s", [" "] ).
start( Key, 1, Acc ) -> [Key | Acc]; % Allow check that we only have one key with value 1.
start( _Key, _Value, Acc ) -> Acc.
stop( Key, Max, {Max, Max_found, Stops} ) -> {Max, erlang:max(Max, Max_found), [Key | Stops]}; % Allow check that we only have one key with value Max.
stop( _Key, Value, {Max, Max_found, Stops} ) -> {Max, erlang:max(Value, Max_found), Stops}. % Allow check that Max is Max.
store( {Key, Value}, Dict ) -> dict:store( Key, Value, Dict ).
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sokoban | Sokoban | Demonstrate how to find a solution to a given Sokoban level. For the purpose of this task (formally, a PSPACE-complete problem) any method may be used. However a move-optimal or push-optimal (or any other -optimal) solutions is preferred.
Sokoban levels are usually stored as a character array where
space is an empty square
# is a wall
@ is the player
$ is a box
. is a goal
+ is the player on a goal
* is a box on a goal
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
Sokoban solutions are usually stored in the LURD format, where lowercase l, u, r and d represent a move in that (left, up, right, down) direction and capital LURD represents a push.
Please state if you use some other format for either the input or output, and why.
For more information, see the Sokoban wiki.
| #Racket | Racket |
#lang racket
(require data/heap
"../lib/vector2.rkt" "../lib/queue.rkt" (only-in "../lib/util.rkt" push! tstruct ret awhen))
(define level (list "#######"
"# #"
"# #"
"#. # #"
"#. $$ #"
"#.$$ #"
"#.# @#"
"#######"))
(define (strings->vec2 l) (lists->vec2 (map string->list l)))
;turn everything except walls into distance from goals
(define (clear-level l)
(ret ([l (vec2-copy l)])
(define dots (vec2-atsq l #\.))
(define q (list->q (map (λ (p) (cons p 0)) dots)))
(let bfs () ;this search has implicit history in the mutated vector2
(unless (nilq? q)
(match-define (cons p n) (deq! q))
(define x (vec2@ l p))
;stop if position is either a wall or a previously filled number
(cond [(or (eq? x #\#) (number? x)) (bfs)]
[else (vec2! l p n)
(for-adj l x [p p] #f (enq! (cons p (add1 n)) q))
(bfs)])))))
;corresponds to PicoLisp's move table in "moves", while also adding a push direction mapping
(tstruct move (f d))
(define-values (mu md ml mr LURD)
(let ()
(define t (map (λ (x) (cons (car x) (apply pos (cdr x))))
'([#\u -1 0] [#\d 1 0] [#\l 0 -1] [#\r 0 1])))
(define (mv d)
(define x (assoc d t))
(move (λ (p) (pos+ p (cdr x))) (car x)))
(values (mv #\u) (mv #\d) (mv #\l) (mv #\r)
(λ (d) (char-upcase (car (findf (λ (x) (equal? d (cdr x))) t)))))))
;state = player pos * box poses
(tstruct st (p b))
(define (st= s1 s2) (andmap (λ (b) (member b (st-b s2))) (st-b s1)))
(define (box? p s) (member p (st-b s)))
;calculates value of a state for insertion into priority queue
;value is sum of box distances from goals
(define (value s l) (apply + (map (λ (p) (vec2@ l p)) (st-b s))))
;init state for a level
(define (st0 l) (st (vec2-atq l #\@) (vec2-atsq l #\$)))
(define (make-solution-checker l)
(define dots (vec2-atsq l #\.))
(λ (s) (andmap (λ (b) (member b dots)) (st-b s))))
;state after push * lurd history
(tstruct push (st h))
(define (pushes s l)
(ret ([pushes '()])
(for ([b (in-list (st-b s))])
(for-adj l a [p b] #f
(define d (pos- p b)) ;direction of push
(define op (pos- b d)) ;where player stands to push
(define o (vec2@ l op))
;make sure push pos and push dest are clear
(when (and (number? a) (number? o)
(not (box? p s)) (not (box? op s)))
(awhen [@ (moves s op l)]
(define new-st (st b (cons p (remove b (st-b s)))))
(push! (push new-st (cons (LURD d) @)) pushes)))))))
;state * goal pos * level -> lurd string
(define (moves s g l)
(define h '())
(define q (list->q (list (list (st-p s)))))
(let bfs ()
(if (nilq? q)
#f
(match-let ([(cons p lurd) (deq! q)])
(cond [(equal? p g) lurd]
[(or (char=? (vec2@ l p) #\#) (box? p s) (member p h)) (bfs)]
[else (push! p h)
(for-each (λ (m)
(match-define (move f s) m)
(enq! (cons (f p) (cons s lurd)) q))
(list mu md ml mr))
(bfs)])))))
(define (sokoban l)
(define-values (clear s0 solved?)
(let ([l (strings->vec2 l)])
(values (clear-level l) (st0 l) (make-solution-checker l))))
(define h '())
(tstruct q-elem (s lurd v)) ;priority queue stores state, lurd hist, and value
(define (elem<= s1 s2) (<= (q-elem-v s1) (q-elem-v s2))) ;compare wrapped values
;queue stores a single element at the beginning consisting of:
;1. starting state, 2. empty lurd history, 3. value of starting state
(define q (vector->heap elem<= (vector (q-elem s0 '() (value s0 clear)))))
(let bfs ()
(match-define (q-elem s lurd _) (heap-min q))
(heap-remove-min! q)
(cond [(solved? s) (list->string (reverse lurd))]
[(memf (λ (s1) (st= s s1)) h) (bfs)]
[else (push! s h)
(for-each (λ (p)
(define s (push-st p))
(heap-add! q (q-elem s (append (push-h p) lurd) (value s clear))))
(pushes s clear))
(bfs)])))
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sokoban | Sokoban | Demonstrate how to find a solution to a given Sokoban level. For the purpose of this task (formally, a PSPACE-complete problem) any method may be used. However a move-optimal or push-optimal (or any other -optimal) solutions is preferred.
Sokoban levels are usually stored as a character array where
space is an empty square
# is a wall
@ is the player
$ is a box
. is a goal
+ is the player on a goal
* is a box on a goal
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
Sokoban solutions are usually stored in the LURD format, where lowercase l, u, r and d represent a move in that (left, up, right, down) direction and capital LURD represents a push.
Please state if you use some other format for either the input or output, and why.
For more information, see the Sokoban wiki.
| #Raku | Raku | sub MAIN() {
my $level = q:to//;
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
say 'level:';
print $level;
say 'solution:';
say solve($level);
}
class State {
has Str $.board;
has Str $.sol;
has Int $.pos;
method move(Int $delta --> Str) {
my $new = $!board;
if $new.substr($!pos,1) eq '@' {
substr-rw($new,$!pos,1) = ' ';
} else {
substr-rw($new,$!pos,1) = '.';
}
my $pos := $!pos + $delta;
if $new.substr($pos,1) eq ' ' {
substr-rw($new,$pos,1) = '@';
} else {
substr-rw($new,$pos,1) = '+';
}
return $new;
}
method push(Int $delta --> Str) {
my $pos := $!pos + $delta;
my $box := $pos + $delta;
return '' unless $!board.substr($box,1) eq ' ' | '.';
my $new = $!board;
if $new.substr($!pos,1) eq '@' {
substr-rw($new,$!pos,1) = ' ';
} else {
substr-rw($new,$!pos,1) = '.';
}
if $new.substr($pos,1) eq '$' {
substr-rw($new,$pos,1) = '@';
} else {
substr-rw($new,$pos,1) = '+';
}
if $new.substr($box,1) eq ' ' {
substr-rw($new,$box,1) = '$';
} else {
substr-rw($new,$box,1) = '*';
}
return $new;
}
}
sub solve(Str $start --> Str) {
my $board = $start;
my $width = $board.lines[0].chars + 1;
my @dirs =
["u", "U", -$width],
["r", "R", 1],
["d", "D", $width],
["l", "L", -1];
my %visited = $board => True;
my $pos = $board.index('@');
my @open = State.new(:$board, :sol(''), :$pos);
while @open {
my $state = @open.shift;
for @dirs -> [$move, $push, $delta] {
my $board;
my $sol;
my $pos = $state.pos + $delta;
given $state.board.substr($pos,1) {
when '$' | '*' {
$board = $state.push($delta);
next if $board eq "" || %visited{$board};
$sol = $state.sol ~ $push;
return $sol unless $board ~~ /<[ . + ]>/;
}
when ' ' | '.' {
$board = $state.move($delta);
next if %visited{$board};
$sol = $state.sol ~ $move;
}
default { next }
}
@open.push: State.new: :$board, :$sol, :$pos;
%visited{$board} = True;
}
}
return "No solution";
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Holy_Knight%27s_tour | Solve a Holy Knight's tour |
Chess coaches have been known to inflict a kind of torture on beginners by taking a chess board, placing pennies on some squares and requiring that a Knight's tour be constructed that avoids the squares with pennies.
This kind of knight's tour puzzle is similar to Hidato.
The present task is to produce a solution to such problems. At least demonstrate your program by solving the following:
Example
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Note that the zeros represent the available squares, not the pennies.
Extra credit is available for other interesting examples.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle
| #Picat | Picat | import sat.
main =>
S = {".000....",
".0.00...",
".0000000",
"000..0.0",
"0.0..000",
"1000000.",
"..00.0..",
"...000.."},
MaxR = len(S),
MaxC = len(S[1]),
M = new_array(MaxR,MaxC),
StartR = _, % make StartR and StartC global
StartC = _,
foreach (R in 1..MaxR)
fill_row(R, S[R], M[R], 1, StartR, StartC)
end,
NZeros = len([1 : R in 1..MaxR, C in 1..MaxC, M[R,C] == 0]),
M :: 0..MaxR*MaxC-NZeros,
Vs = [{(R,C),1} : R in 1..MaxR, C in 1..MaxC, M[R,C] !== 0],
Es = [{(R,C),(R1,C1),_} : R in 1..MaxR, C in 1..MaxC, M[R,C] !== 0,
neibs(M,MaxR,MaxC,R,C,Neibs),
(R1,C1) in Neibs, M[R1,C1] !== 0],
hcp(Vs,Es),
foreach ({(R,C),(R1,C1),B} in Es)
B #/\ (R1 #!= StartR #\/ C1 #!= StartC) #=> M[R1,C1] #= M[R,C]+1
end,
solve(M),
foreach (R in 1..MaxR)
foreach (C in 1..MaxC)
if M[R,C] == 0 then
printf("%4c", '.')
else
printf("%4d", M[R,C])
end
end,
nl
end.
neibs(M,MaxR,MaxC,R,C,Neibs) =>
Connected = [(R+1, C+2),
(R+1, C-2),
(R-1, C+2),
(R-1, C-2),
(R+2, C+1),
(R+2, C-1),
(R-2, C+1),
(R-2, C-1)],
Neibs = [(R1,C1) : (R1,C1) in Connected,
R1 >= 1, R1 =< MaxR, C1 >= 1, C1 =< MaxC,
M[R1,C1] !== 0].
fill_row(_R, [], _Row, _C, _StartR, _StartC) => true.
fill_row(R, ['.'|Str], Row, C, StartR, StartC) =>
Row[C] = 0,
fill_row(R,Str, Row, C+1, StartR, StartC).
fill_row(R, ['0'|Str], Row, C, StartR, StartC) =>
fill_row(R, Str, Row, C+1, StartR, StartC).
fill_row(R, ['1'|Str], Row, C, StartR, StartC) =>
Row[C] = 1,
StartR = R,
StartC = C,
fill_row(R, Str, Row, C+1, StartR, StartC).
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_array_of_composite_structures | Sort an array of composite structures |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Sort an array of composite structures by a key.
For example, if you define a composite structure that presents a name-value pair (in pseudo-code):
Define structure pair such that:
name as a string
value as a string
and an array of such pairs:
x: array of pairs
then define a sort routine that sorts the array x by the key name.
This task can always be accomplished with Sorting Using a Custom Comparator.
If your language is not listed here, please see the other article.
| #Groovy | Groovy | class Holiday {
def date
def name
Holiday(dateStr, name) { this.name = name; this.date = format.parse(dateStr) }
String toString() { "${format.format date}: ${name}" }
static format = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
}
def holidays = [ new Holiday("2009-12-25", "Christmas Day"),
new Holiday("2009-04-22", "Earth Day"),
new Holiday("2009-09-07", "Labor Day"),
new Holiday("2009-07-04", "Independence Day"),
new Holiday("2009-10-31", "Halloween"),
new Holiday("2009-05-25", "Memorial Day"),
new Holiday("2009-03-14", "PI Day"),
new Holiday("2009-01-01", "New Year's Day"),
new Holiday("2009-12-31", "New Year's Eve"),
new Holiday("2009-11-26", "Thanksgiving"),
new Holiday("2009-02-14", "St. Valentine's Day"),
new Holiday("2009-03-17", "St. Patrick's Day"),
new Holiday("2009-01-19", "Martin Luther King Day"),
new Holiday("2009-02-16", "President's Day") ]
holidays.sort { x, y -> x.date <=> y.date }
holidays.each { println it } |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Picat | Picat | import cp.
no_connection_puzzle(X) =>
N = 8,
X = new_list(N),
X :: 1..N,
Graph =
{{1,3}, {1,4}, {1,5},
{2,4}, {2,5}, {2,6},
{3,1}, {3,4}, {3,7},
{4,1}, {4,2}, {4,3}, {4,5}, {4,7}, {4,8},
{5,1}, {5,2}, {5,4}, {5,6}, {5,7}, {5,8},
{6,2}, {6,5}, {6,8},
{7,3}, {7,4}, {7,5},
{8,4}, {8,5}, {8,6}},
all_distinct(X),
foreach(I in 1..Graph.length)
abs(X[Graph[I,1]]-X[Graph[I,2]]) #> 1
end,
% symmetry breaking
X[1] #< X[N],
solve(X),
println(X),
nl,
[A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H] = X,
Solution = to_fstring(
" %d %d \n"++
" /|\\ /|\\ \n"++
" / | X | \\ \n"++
" / |/ \\| \\ \n"++
"%d - %d - %d - %d \n"++
" \\ |\\ /| / \n"++
" \\ | X | / \n"++
" \\|/ \\|/ \n"++
" %d %d \n",
A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H),
println(Solution). |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Prolog | Prolog | :- use_module(library(clpfd)).
edge(a, c).
edge(a, d).
edge(a, e).
edge(b, d).
edge(b, e).
edge(b, f).
edge(c, d).
edge(c, g).
edge(d, e).
edge(d, g).
edge(d, h).
edge(e, f).
edge(e, g).
edge(e, h).
edge(f, h).
connected(A, B) :-
( edge(A,B); edge(B, A)).
no_connection_puzzle(Vs) :-
% construct the arranged list of the nodes
bagof(A, B^(edge(A,B); edge(B, A)), Lst),
sort(Lst, L),
length(L, Len),
% construct the list of the values
length(Vs, Len),
Vs ins 1..Len,
all_distinct(Vs),
% two connected nodes must have values different for more than 1
set_constraints(L, Vs),
label(Vs).
set_constraints([], []).
set_constraints([H | T], [VH | VT]) :-
set_constraint(H, T, VH, VT),
set_constraints(T, VT).
set_constraint(_, [], _, []).
set_constraint(H, [H1 | T1], V, [VH | VT]) :-
connected(H, H1),
( V - VH #> 1; VH - V #> 1),
set_constraint(H, T1, V, VT).
set_constraint(H, [H1 | T1], V, [_VH | VT]) :-
\+connected(H, H1),
set_constraint(H, T1, V, VT).
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Haskell | Haskell | nums = [2,4,3,1,2] :: [Int]
sorted = List.sort nums |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #HicEst | HicEst | DIMENSION array(100)
array = INT( RAN(100) )
SORT(Vector=array, Sorted=array) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_a_list_of_object_identifiers | Sort a list of object identifiers |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Object identifiers (OID)
Task
Show how to sort a list of OIDs, in their natural sort order.
Details
An OID consists of one or more non-negative integers in base 10, separated by dots. It starts and ends with a number.
Their natural sort order is lexicographical with regard to the dot-separated fields, using numeric comparison between fields.
Test case
Input (list of strings)
Output (list of strings)
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
Related tasks
Natural sorting
Sort using a custom comparator
| #VBScript | VBScript | ' Sort a list of object identifiers - VBScript
function myCompare(x,y)
dim i,b
sx=split(x,".")
sy=split(y,".")
b=false
for i=0 to ubound(sx)
if i > ubound(sy) then b=true: exit for
select case sgn(int(sx(i))-int(sy(i)))
case 1: b=true: exit for
case -1: b=false: exit for
end select
next
myCompare=b
end function
function bubbleSort(t)
dim i,n
n=ubound(t)
do
changed=false
n= n-1
for i=0 to n
if myCompare(t(i),t(i+1)) then
tmp=t(i): t(i)=t(i+1): t(i+1)=tmp
changed=true
end if
next
loop until not changed
bubbleSort=t
end function
a=array( _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10", _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79", _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4", _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1", _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1", _
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0")
bubbleSort a
wscript.echo join(a,vbCrlf) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_a_list_of_object_identifiers | Sort a list of object identifiers |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Object identifiers (OID)
Task
Show how to sort a list of OIDs, in their natural sort order.
Details
An OID consists of one or more non-negative integers in base 10, separated by dots. It starts and ends with a number.
Their natural sort order is lexicographical with regard to the dot-separated fields, using numeric comparison between fields.
Test case
Input (list of strings)
Output (list of strings)
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
Related tasks
Natural sorting
Sort using a custom comparator
| #Wren | Wren | import "/fmt" for Fmt
import "/sort" for Sort
var oids = [
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10",
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79",
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4",
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1",
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1",
"1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0"
]
oids = oids.map { |oid| Fmt.v("s", 5, oid.split("."), 0, ".", "") }.toList
Sort.quick(oids)
oids = oids.map { |oid| oid.replace(" ", "") }.toList
System.print(oids.join("\n")) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_disjoint_sublist | Sort disjoint sublist |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Given a list of values and a set of integer indices into that value list, the task is to sort the values at the given indices, while preserving the values at indices outside the set of those to be sorted.
Make your example work with the following list of values and set of indices:
Values: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
Indices: {6, 1, 7}
Where the correct result would be:
[7, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6].
In case of one-based indexing, rather than the zero-based indexing above, you would use the indices {7, 2, 8} instead.
The indices are described as a set rather than a list but any collection-type of those indices without duplication may be used as long as the example is insensitive to the order of indices given.
Cf.
Order disjoint list items
| #OCaml | OCaml | let disjoint_sort cmp values indices =
let temp = Array.map (Array.get values) indices in
Array.sort cmp temp;
Array.sort compare indices;
Array.iteri (fun i j -> values.(j) <- temp.(i)) indices
let () =
let values = [| 7; 6; 5; 4; 3; 2; 1; 0 |]
and indices = [| 6; 1; 7 |] in
disjoint_sort compare values indices;
Array.iter (Printf.printf " %d") values;
print_newline() |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_using_a_custom_comparator | Sort using a custom comparator |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of strings in order of descending length, and in ascending lexicographic order for strings of equal length.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library, combined with your own callback comparison function.
Note: Lexicographic order is case-insensitive.
| #Phix | Phix | function my_compare(sequence a, b)
integer c = -compare(length(a),length(b)) -- descending length
if c=0 then
c = compare(lower(a),lower(b)) -- ascending lexical within same length
end if
return c
end function
?custom_sort(my_compare,{"Here", "are", "some", "sample", "strings", "to", "be", "sorted"})
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bogosort | Sorting algorithms/Bogosort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Bogosort a list of numbers.
Bogosort simply shuffles a collection randomly until it is sorted.
"Bogosort" is a perversely inefficient algorithm only used as an in-joke.
Its average run-time is O(n!) because the chance that any given shuffle of a set will end up in sorted order is about one in n factorial, and the worst case is infinite since there's no guarantee that a random shuffling will ever produce a sorted sequence.
Its best case is O(n) since a single pass through the elements may suffice to order them.
Pseudocode:
while not InOrder(list) do
Shuffle(list)
done
The Knuth shuffle may be used to implement the shuffle part of this algorithm.
| #XPL0 | XPL0 | code Ran=1, ChOut=8, IntOut=11;
proc BogoSort(A, L); \Sort array A of length L
int A, L;
int I, J, T;
[loop [I:= 0;
loop [if A(I) > A(I+1) then quit;
I:= I+1;
if I >= L-1 then return;
];
I:= Ran(L); J:= Ran(L);
T:= A(I); A(I):= A(J); A(J):= T;
];
];
int A, I;
[A:= [3, 1, 4, 1, -5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 4];
BogoSort(A, 10);
for I:= 0 to 10-1 do [IntOut(0, A(I)); ChOut(0, ^ )];
] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bogosort | Sorting algorithms/Bogosort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Bogosort a list of numbers.
Bogosort simply shuffles a collection randomly until it is sorted.
"Bogosort" is a perversely inefficient algorithm only used as an in-joke.
Its average run-time is O(n!) because the chance that any given shuffle of a set will end up in sorted order is about one in n factorial, and the worst case is infinite since there's no guarantee that a random shuffling will ever produce a sorted sequence.
Its best case is O(n) since a single pass through the elements may suffice to order them.
Pseudocode:
while not InOrder(list) do
Shuffle(list)
done
The Knuth shuffle may be used to implement the shuffle part of this algorithm.
| #Yabasic | Yabasic |
sub shuffle(a())
n = arraysize(a(),1)
m = arraysize(a(),1)*2
for k = 1 to m
i = int(Ran(n))
j = int(Ran(n))
tmp = a(i) //swap a(i), a(j)
a(i) = a(j)
a(j) = tmp
next k
end sub
sub inorder(a())
n = arraysize(a(),1)
for i = 0 to n-2
if a(i) > a(i+1) then return false : fi
next i
return true
end sub
sub Bogosort(a())
while not inorder(a())
shuffle(a())
wend
end sub
dim a(5)
a (0) = 10: a (1) = 1: a (2) = 2: a (3) = -6: a (4) = 3
Bogosort(a())
for i = 0 to arraysize(a(),1) - 1
print a(i), " ";
next i
end
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bubble_sort | Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them).
Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass.
A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
References
The article on Wikipedia.
Dance interpretation.
| #Go | Go | package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
list := []int{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84}
fmt.Println("unsorted:", list)
bubblesort(list)
fmt.Println("sorted! ", list)
}
func bubblesort(a []int) {
for itemCount := len(a) - 1; ; itemCount-- {
hasChanged := false
for index := 0; index < itemCount; index++ {
if a[index] > a[index+1] {
a[index], a[index+1] = a[index+1], a[index]
hasChanged = true
}
}
if hasChanged == false {
break
}
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort | Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.
The pseudocode for the algorithm is:
function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
i := 1
j := 2
while i < size do
if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
// for descending sort, use >= for comparison
i := j
j := j + 1
else
swap a[i-1] and a[i]
i := i - 1
if i = 0 then
i := j
j := j + 1
endif
endif
done
Task
Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.
| #PowerShell | PowerShell |
function gnomesort($a) {
$size, $i, $j = $a.Count, 1, 2
while($i -lt $size) {
if ($a[$i-1] -le $a[$i]) {
$i = $j
$j++
}
else {
$a[$i-1], $a[$i] = $a[$i], $a[$i-1]
$i--
if($i -eq 0) {
$i = $j
$j++
}
}
}
$a
}
$array = @(60, 21, 19, 36, 63, 8, 100, 80, 3, 87, 11)
"$(gnomesort $array)"
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Cocktail_sort | Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Cocktail sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
The cocktail shaker sort is an improvement on the Bubble Sort.
The improvement is basically that values "bubble" both directions through the array, because on each iteration the cocktail shaker sort bubble sorts once forwards and once backwards. Pseudocode for the algorithm (from wikipedia):
function cocktailSort( A : list of sortable items )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to length( A ) - 2 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then // test whether the two
// elements are in the wrong
// order
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] ) // let the two elements
// change places
swapped := true;
if swapped = false then
// we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
break do-while loop;
swapped := false
for each i in length( A ) - 2 down to 0 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] )
swapped := true;
while swapped; // if no elements have been swapped,
// then the list is sorted
Related task
cocktail sort with shifting bounds
| #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
function cocktail_sort(sequence s)
s = deep_copy(s)
integer swapped = 1, f = 1, t = length(s)-1, d = 1
while swapped do
swapped = 0
for i=f to t by d do
object si = s[i],
sn = s[i+1]
if si>sn then
s[i] = sn
s[i+1] = si
swapped = 1
end if
end for
-- swap to and from, and flip direction.
-- additionally, we can reduce one element to be
-- examined, depending on which way we just went.
{f,t,d} = {t-d,f,-d}
end while
return s
end function
constant s = sq_rand(repeat(1000,10))
printf(1,"original: %V\n",{s})
printf(1," sorted: %V\n",{cocktail_sort(s)})
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #IDL | IDL | socket, unit, 'localhost',256,/get_lun
printf,unit,"hello socket world"
close, unit |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #J | J | coinsert'jsocket' [ require 'socket' NB. Sockets library
socket =. >{.sdcheck sdsocket'' NB. Open a socket
host =. sdcheck sdgethostbyname 'localhost' NB. Resolve host
sdcheck sdconnect socket ; host ,< 256 NB. Create connection to port 256
sdcheck 'hello socket world' sdsend socket , 0 NB. Send msg |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Perl | Perl | use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
use feature 'state';
use ntheory qw<is_prime>;
use Lingua::EN::Numbers qw(num2en_ordinal);
my @prime_digits = <2 3 5 7>;
my @spds = grep { is_prime($_) && /^[@{[join '',@prime_digits]}]+$/ } 1..100;
my @p = map { $_+3, $_+7 } map { 10*$_ } @prime_digits;
while ($#spds < 100_000) {
state $o++;
my $oom = 10**(1+$o);
my @q;
for my $l (@prime_digits) {
push @q, map { $l*$oom + $_ } @p;
}
push @spds, grep { is_prime($_) } @p = @q;
}
say 'Smarandache prime-digitals:';
printf "%22s: %s\n", ucfirst(num2en_ordinal($_)), $spds[$_-1] for 1..25, 100, 1000, 10_000, 100_000; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Snake | Snake |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Snake_(video_game). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Snake is a game where the player maneuvers a line which grows in length every time the snake reaches a food source.
Task
Implement a variant of the Snake game, in any interactive environment, in which a sole player attempts to eat items by running into them with the head of the snake.
Each item eaten makes the snake longer and a new item is randomly generated somewhere else on the plane.
The game ends when the snake attempts to eat himself.
| #Go | Go | package main
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"log"
"math/rand"
"time"
termbox "github.com/nsf/termbox-go"
)
func main() {
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
score, err := playSnake()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println("Final score:", score)
}
type snake struct {
body []position // tail to head positions of the snake
heading direction
width, height int
cells []termbox.Cell
}
type position struct {
X int
Y int
}
type direction int
const (
North direction = iota
East
South
West
)
func (p position) next(d direction) position {
switch d {
case North:
p.Y--
case East:
p.X++
case South:
p.Y++
case West:
p.X--
}
return p
}
func playSnake() (int, error) {
err := termbox.Init()
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
defer termbox.Close()
termbox.Clear(fg, bg)
termbox.HideCursor()
s := &snake{
// It would be more efficient to use a circular
// buffer instead of a plain slice for s.body.
body: make([]position, 0, 32),
cells: termbox.CellBuffer(),
}
s.width, s.height = termbox.Size()
s.drawBorder()
s.startSnake()
s.placeFood()
s.flush()
moveCh, errCh := s.startEventLoop()
const delay = 125 * time.Millisecond
for t := time.NewTimer(delay); ; t.Reset(delay) {
var move direction
select {
case err = <-errCh:
return len(s.body), err
case move = <-moveCh:
if !t.Stop() {
<-t.C // handles race between moveCh and t.C
}
case <-t.C:
move = s.heading
}
if s.doMove(move) {
time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
break
}
}
return len(s.body), err
}
func (s *snake) startEventLoop() (<-chan direction, <-chan error) {
moveCh := make(chan direction)
errCh := make(chan error, 1)
go func() {
defer close(errCh)
for {
switch ev := termbox.PollEvent(); ev.Type {
case termbox.EventKey:
switch ev.Ch { // WSAD and HJKL movement
case 'w', 'W', 'k', 'K':
moveCh <- North
case 'a', 'A', 'h', 'H':
moveCh <- West
case 's', 'S', 'j', 'J':
moveCh <- South
case 'd', 'D', 'l', 'L':
moveCh <- East
case 0:
switch ev.Key { // Cursor key movement
case termbox.KeyArrowUp:
moveCh <- North
case termbox.KeyArrowDown:
moveCh <- South
case termbox.KeyArrowLeft:
moveCh <- West
case termbox.KeyArrowRight:
moveCh <- East
case termbox.KeyEsc: // Quit
return
}
}
case termbox.EventResize:
// TODO
errCh <- errors.New("terminal resizing unsupported")
return
case termbox.EventError:
errCh <- ev.Err
return
case termbox.EventInterrupt:
return
}
}
}()
return moveCh, errCh
}
func (s *snake) flush() {
termbox.Flush()
s.cells = termbox.CellBuffer()
}
func (s *snake) getCellRune(p position) rune {
i := p.Y*s.width + p.X
return s.cells[i].Ch
}
func (s *snake) setCell(p position, c termbox.Cell) {
i := p.Y*s.width + p.X
s.cells[i] = c
}
func (s *snake) drawBorder() {
for x := 0; x < s.width; x++ {
s.setCell(position{x, 0}, border)
s.setCell(position{x, s.height - 1}, border)
}
for y := 0; y < s.height-1; y++ {
s.setCell(position{0, y}, border)
s.setCell(position{s.width - 1, y}, border)
}
}
func (s *snake) placeFood() {
for {
// a random empty cell
x := rand.Intn(s.width-2) + 1
y := rand.Intn(s.height-2) + 1
foodp := position{x, y}
r := s.getCellRune(foodp)
if r != ' ' {
continue
}
s.setCell(foodp, food)
return
}
}
func (s *snake) startSnake() {
// a random cell somewhat near the center
x := rand.Intn(s.width/2) + s.width/4
y := rand.Intn(s.height/2) + s.height/4
head := position{x, y}
s.setCell(head, snakeHead)
s.body = append(s.body[:0], head)
s.heading = direction(rand.Intn(4))
}
func (s *snake) doMove(move direction) bool {
head := s.body[len(s.body)-1]
s.setCell(head, snakeBody)
head = head.next(move)
s.heading = move
s.body = append(s.body, head)
r := s.getCellRune(head)
s.setCell(head, snakeHead)
gameOver := false
switch r {
case food.Ch:
s.placeFood()
case border.Ch, snakeBody.Ch:
gameOver = true
fallthrough
case empty.Ch:
s.setCell(s.body[0], empty)
s.body = s.body[1:]
default:
panic(r)
}
s.flush()
return gameOver
}
const (
fg = termbox.ColorWhite
bg = termbox.ColorBlack
)
// Symbols to use.
// Could use Unicode instead of simple ASCII.
var (
empty = termbox.Cell{Ch: ' ', Bg: bg, Fg: fg}
border = termbox.Cell{Ch: '+', Bg: bg, Fg: termbox.ColorBlue}
snakeBody = termbox.Cell{Ch: '#', Bg: bg, Fg: termbox.ColorGreen}
snakeHead = termbox.Cell{Ch: 'O', Bg: bg, Fg: termbox.ColorYellow | termbox.AttrBold}
food = termbox.Cell{Ch: '@', Bg: bg, Fg: termbox.ColorRed}
) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smith_numbers | Smith numbers | Smith numbers are numbers such that the sum of the decimal digits of the integers that make up that number is the same as the sum of the decimal digits of its prime factors excluding 1.
By definition, all primes are excluded as they (naturally) satisfy this condition!
Smith numbers are also known as joke numbers.
Example
Using the number 166
Find the prime factors of 166 which are: 2 x 83
Then, take those two prime factors and sum all their decimal digits: 2 + 8 + 3 which is 13
Then, take the decimal digits of 166 and add their decimal digits: 1 + 6 + 6 which is 13
Therefore, the number 166 is a Smith number.
Task
Write a program to find all Smith numbers below 10000.
See also
from Wikipedia: [Smith number].
from MathWorld: [Smith number].
from OEIS A6753: [OEIS sequence A6753].
from OEIS A104170: [Number of Smith numbers below 10^n].
from The Prime pages: [Smith numbers].
| #BCPL | BCPL | get "libhdr"
// Find the sum of the digits of N
let digsum(n) =
n<10 -> n,
n rem 10 + digsum(n/10)
// Factorize N
let factors(n, facs) = valof
$( let count = 0 and fac = 3
// Powers of 2
while n>0 & (n & 1)=0
$( n := n >> 1
facs!count := 2
count := count + 1
$)
// Odd factors
while fac <= n
$( while n rem fac=0
$( n := n / fac
facs!count := fac
count := count + 1
$)
fac := fac + 2
$)
resultis count
$)
// Is N a Smith number?
let smith(n) = valof
$( let facs = vec 32
let nfacs = factors(n, facs)
let facsum = 0
if nfacs<=1 resultis false // primes are not Smith numbers
for fac = 0 to nfacs-1 do
facsum := facsum + digsum(facs!fac)
resultis digsum(n) = facsum
$)
// Count and print Smith numbers below 10,000
let start() be
$( let count = 0
for i = 2 to 9999 if smith(i)
$( writed(i, 5)
count := count + 1
if count rem 16 = 0 then wrch('*N')
$)
writef("*NFound %N Smith numbers.*N", count)
$) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smith_numbers | Smith numbers | Smith numbers are numbers such that the sum of the decimal digits of the integers that make up that number is the same as the sum of the decimal digits of its prime factors excluding 1.
By definition, all primes are excluded as they (naturally) satisfy this condition!
Smith numbers are also known as joke numbers.
Example
Using the number 166
Find the prime factors of 166 which are: 2 x 83
Then, take those two prime factors and sum all their decimal digits: 2 + 8 + 3 which is 13
Then, take the decimal digits of 166 and add their decimal digits: 1 + 6 + 6 which is 13
Therefore, the number 166 is a Smith number.
Task
Write a program to find all Smith numbers below 10000.
See also
from Wikipedia: [Smith number].
from MathWorld: [Smith number].
from OEIS A6753: [OEIS sequence A6753].
from OEIS A104170: [Number of Smith numbers below 10^n].
from The Prime pages: [Smith numbers].
| #C | C |
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
int numPrimeFactors(unsigned x) {
unsigned p = 2;
int pf = 0;
if (x == 1)
return 1;
else {
while (true) {
if (!(x % p)) {
pf++;
x /= p;
if (x == 1)
return pf;
}
else
++p;
}
}
}
void primeFactors(unsigned x, unsigned* arr) {
unsigned p = 2;
int pf = 0;
if (x == 1)
arr[pf] = 1;
else {
while (true) {
if (!(x % p)) {
arr[pf++] = p;
x /= p;
if (x == 1)
return;
}
else
p++;
}
}
}
unsigned sumDigits(unsigned x) {
unsigned sum = 0, y;
while (x) {
y = x % 10;
sum += y;
x /= 10;
}
return sum;
}
unsigned sumFactors(unsigned* arr, int size) {
unsigned sum = 0;
for (int a = 0; a < size; a++)
sum += sumDigits(arr[a]);
return sum;
}
void listAllSmithNumbers(unsigned x) {
unsigned *arr;
for (unsigned a = 4; a < x; a++) {
int numfactors = numPrimeFactors(a);
arr = (unsigned*)malloc(numfactors * sizeof(unsigned));
if (numfactors < 2)
continue;
primeFactors(a, arr);
if (sumDigits(a) == sumFactors(arr,numfactors))
printf("%4u ",a);
free(arr);
}
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
printf("All the Smith Numbers < 10000 are:\n");
listAllSmithNumbers(10000);
return 0;
}
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Hidato_puzzle | Solve a Hidato puzzle | The task is to write a program which solves Hidato (aka Hidoku) puzzles.
The rules are:
You are given a grid with some numbers placed in it. The other squares in the grid will be blank.
The grid is not necessarily rectangular.
The grid may have holes in it.
The grid is always connected.
The number “1” is always present, as is another number that is equal to the number of squares in the grid. Other numbers are present so as to force the solution to be unique.
It may be assumed that the difference between numbers present on the grid is not greater than lucky 13.
The aim is to place a natural number in each blank square so that in the sequence of numbered squares from “1” upwards, each square is in the wp:Moore neighborhood of the squares immediately before and after it in the sequence (except for the first and last squares, of course, which only have one-sided constraints).
Thus, if the grid was overlaid on a chessboard, a king would be able to make legal moves along the path from first to last square in numerical order.
A square may only contain one number.
In a proper Hidato puzzle, the solution is unique.
For example the following problem
has the following solution, with path marked on it:
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
N-queens problem
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle;
| #Go | Go | package main
import (
"fmt"
"sort"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
var board [][]int
var start, given []int
func setup(input []string) {
/* This task is not about input validation, so
we're going to trust the input to be valid */
puzzle := make([][]string, len(input))
for i := 0; i < len(input); i++ {
puzzle[i] = strings.Fields(input[i])
}
nCols := len(puzzle[0])
nRows := len(puzzle)
list := make([]int, nRows*nCols)
board = make([][]int, nRows+2)
for i := 0; i < nRows+2; i++ {
board[i] = make([]int, nCols+2)
for j := 0; j < nCols+2; j++ {
board[i][j] = -1
}
}
for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ {
row := puzzle[r]
for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ {
switch cell := row[c]; cell {
case "_":
board[r+1][c+1] = 0
case ".":
break
default:
val, _ := strconv.Atoi(cell)
board[r+1][c+1] = val
list = append(list, val)
if val == 1 {
start = append(start, r+1, c+1)
}
}
}
}
sort.Ints(list)
given = make([]int, len(list))
for i := 0; i < len(given); i++ {
given[i] = list[i]
}
}
func solve(r, c, n, next int) bool {
if n > given[len(given)-1] {
return true
}
back := board[r][c]
if back != 0 && back != n {
return false
}
if back == 0 && given[next] == n {
return false
}
if back == n {
next++
}
board[r][c] = n
for i := -1; i < 2; i++ {
for j := -1; j < 2; j++ {
if solve(r+i, c+j, n+1, next) {
return true
}
}
}
board[r][c] = back
return false
}
func printBoard() {
for _, row := range board {
for _, c := range row {
switch {
case c == -1:
fmt.Print(" . ")
case c > 0:
fmt.Printf("%2d ", c)
default:
fmt.Print("__ ")
}
}
fmt.Println()
}
}
func main() {
input := []string{
"_ 33 35 _ _ . . .",
"_ _ 24 22 _ . . .",
"_ _ _ 21 _ _ . .",
"_ 26 _ 13 40 11 . .",
"27 _ _ _ 9 _ 1 .",
". . _ _ 18 _ _ .",
". . . . _ 7 _ _",
". . . . . . 5 _",
}
setup(input)
printBoard()
fmt.Println("\nFound:")
solve(start[0], start[1], 1, 0)
printBoard()
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sokoban | Sokoban | Demonstrate how to find a solution to a given Sokoban level. For the purpose of this task (formally, a PSPACE-complete problem) any method may be used. However a move-optimal or push-optimal (or any other -optimal) solutions is preferred.
Sokoban levels are usually stored as a character array where
space is an empty square
# is a wall
@ is the player
$ is a box
. is a goal
+ is the player on a goal
* is a box on a goal
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
Sokoban solutions are usually stored in the LURD format, where lowercase l, u, r and d represent a move in that (left, up, right, down) direction and capital LURD represents a push.
Please state if you use some other format for either the input or output, and why.
For more information, see the Sokoban wiki.
| #Ring | Ring |
#--------------------------------------------------#
# Sokoban Game #
#--------------------------------------------------#
# Game Data
aPlayer = [ :Row = 3, :Col = 4 ]
aLevel1 = [
[1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,4,3,5,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,1,5,4,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,4,2,2,5,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,4,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,5,1,6,5,5,4,2,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,1,4,1,1,2,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
]
aLevel2 = [
[1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,1,5,1,4,1,1,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,4,3,5,1,1,1,5,1,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,4,2,2,1,5,4,1,5,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,1,2,1,4,1,5,1,1,2,2,1,1],
[1,2,5,1,6,5,1,4,1,1,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,1,1,1,4,1,4,1,5,1,2,1,1],
[1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
]
aLevel = aLevel1
nActiveLevel = 1
# For Game Restart
aLevel1Copy = aLevel1
aLevel2Copy = aLevel2
aPlayerCopy = aPlayer
C_LEVEL_ROWSCOUNT = 10
C_LEVEL_COLSCOUNT = 14
C_EMPTY = 1
C_WALL = 2
C_PLAYER = 3
C_DOOR = 4
C_BOX = 5
C_BOXONDOOR = 6
C_PLAYERONDOOR = 7
nKeyClock = clock()
# Will be used when moving a Box
aCurrentBox = [ :Row = 0, :Col = 0 ]
nRowDiff = 0
nColDiff = 0
# When the player win
lPlayerWin = False
load "gameengine.ring"
func main
oGame = New Game
{
title = "Sokoban"
Map {
blockwidth = 60
blockheight = 60
aMap = aLevel
aImages = [
"images/empty.jpg",
"images/wall.jpg",
"images/player.jpg",
"images/door.jpg",
"images/box.jpg",
"images/boxondoor.jpg",
"images/player.jpg" # Player on Door
]
keypress = func oGame,oSelf,nkey {
# Avoid getting many keys in short time
if (clock() - nKeyClock) < clockspersecond()/4 return ok
nKeyClock = Clock()
Switch nkey
on Key_Esc
oGame.Shutdown()
on Key_Space
# Restart the Level
if nActiveLevel = 1
aLevel = aLevel1Copy
else
aLevel = aLevel2Copy
ok
aPlayer = aPlayerCopy
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lPlayerWin = False
on Key_Right
if aPlayer[:col] < C_LEVEL_COLSCOUNT
nRowDiff = 0 nColDiff = 1
MoveObject(oGame,PlayerType(),aPlayer[:row],aPlayer[:col]+1)
ok
on Key_Left
if aPlayer[:col] > 1
nRowDiff = 0 nColDiff = -1
MoveObject(oGame,PlayerType(),aPlayer[:row],aPlayer[:col]-1)
ok
on Key_Up
if aPlayer[:row] > 1
nRowDiff = -1 nColDiff = 0
MoveObject(oGame,PlayerType(),aPlayer[:row]-1,aPlayer[:col])
ok
on Key_Down
if aPlayer[:row] < C_LEVEL_ROWSCOUNT
nRowDiff = 1 nColDiff = 0
MoveObject(oGame,PlayerType(),aPlayer[:row]+1,aPlayer[:col])
ok
off
if lPlayerWin = False
if CheckWin()
lPlayerWin = True
DisplayYouWin(oGame)
ok
ok
}
}
text {
x = 70 y=550
animate = false
size = 20
file = "fonts/pirulen.ttf"
text = "Level:"
color = rgb(0,0,0)
}
NewButton(oGame,180,550,150,30,"Level 1",:Click1)
NewButton(oGame,350,550,150,30,"Level 2",:Click2)
}
func MoveObject oGame,nObjectType,nNewRow,nNewCol
lMove = False
switch nObjectType
on C_PLAYER
switch aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol]
on C_EMPTY
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYER
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
on C_DOOR
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYERONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
on C_BOX
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOX,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYER
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
ok
on C_BOXONDOOR
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOXONDOOR,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYERONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
ok
off
on C_PLAYERONDOOR
switch aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol]
on C_EMPTY
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYER
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
on C_DOOR
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYERONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
on C_BOX
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOX,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYER
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
ok
on C_BOXONDOOR
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOXONDOOR,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_PLAYER
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
aPlayer[:row] = nNewRow
aPlayer[:col] = nNewCol
lMove = True
ok
off
on C_BOX
switch aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol]
on C_EMPTY
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOX
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
on C_DOOR
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOXONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
on C_BOX
aOldBox = aCurrentBox
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOX,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aCurrentBox = aOldBox
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOX
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
ok
on C_BOXONDOOR
aOldBox = aCurrentBox
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOXONDOOR,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aCurrentBox = aOldBox
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_EMPTY
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOXONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
ok
off
on C_BOXONDOOR
switch aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol]
on C_EMPTY
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOX
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
on C_DOOR
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOXONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
on C_BOX
aOldBox = aCurrentBox
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOX,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aCurrentBox = aOldBox
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOX
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
ok
on C_BOXONDOOR
aOldBox = aCurrentBox
aCurrentBox[:row] = nNewRow
aCurrentBox[:col] = nNewCol
if MoveObject(oGame,C_BOXONDOOR,nNewRow+nRowDiff,nNewCol+nColDiff)
aCurrentBox = aOldBox
aLevel[aCurrentBox[:row]][aCurrentBox[:col]] = C_DOOR
aLevel[nNewRow][nNewCol] = C_BOXONDOOR
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lMove = True
ok
off
off
return lMove
func UpdateGameMap oGame
# The Map is our first object in Game Objects
oGame.aObjects[1].aMap = aLevel
func PlayerType
# It could be (Player) or (Player on door)
return aLevel[aPlayer[:row]][aPlayer[:col]]
func CheckWin
for aRow in aLevel
if find(aRow,C_DOOR) or find(aRow,C_PLAYERONDOOR)
return False
ok
next
return True
func DisplayYouWin oGame
oGame {
text {
point = 400
size = 30
nStep = 9
file = "fonts/pirulen.ttf"
text = "You Win !!!"
x = 500 y=10
state = func ogame,oself {
if oself.y >= 400
ogame.remove(oSelf.nIndex)
ok
}
}
}
func NewButton oGame,nX,nY,nWidth,nHeight,cText,cFunc
oGame {
Object {
x = nX y=nY width = nWidth height=nHeight
AddAttribute(self,:Text)
AddAttribute(self,:EventCode)
Text = cText
EventCode = cFunc
draw = func oGame,oSelf {
oSelf {
gl_draw_filled_rectangle(x,y,x+width,y+height,gl_map_rgb(0,100,255))
gl_draw_rectangle(x,y,x+width,y+height,gl_map_rgb(0,0,0),2)
oFont = oResources.LoadFont("fonts/pirulen.ttf",20)
gl_draw_text(oFont,gl_map_rgb(0,0,0),x+width/2,y+5,1,Text)
}
}
mouse = func oGame,oSelf,nType,aMouseList {
if nType = GE_MOUSE_UP
MouseX = aMouseList[GE_MOUSE_X]
MouseY = aMouseList[GE_MOUSE_Y]
oSelf {
if MouseX >= x and MouseX <= X+270 and
MouseY >= y and MouseY <= Y+40
call EventCode(oGame,oSelf)
ok
}
ok
}
}
}
return len(oGame.aObjects)
func Click1 oGame,oSelf
aLevel = aLevel1
nActiveLevel = 1
aPlayer = aPlayerCopy
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lPlayerWin = False
func Click2 oGame,oSelf
aLevel = aLevel2
nActiveLevel = 2
aPlayer = aPlayerCopy
UpdateGameMap(oGame)
lPlayerWin = False
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Holy_Knight%27s_tour | Solve a Holy Knight's tour |
Chess coaches have been known to inflict a kind of torture on beginners by taking a chess board, placing pennies on some squares and requiring that a Knight's tour be constructed that avoids the squares with pennies.
This kind of knight's tour puzzle is similar to Hidato.
The present task is to produce a solution to such problems. At least demonstrate your program by solving the following:
Example
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Note that the zeros represent the available squares, not the pennies.
Extra credit is available for other interesting examples.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle
| #Python | Python |
from sys import stdout
moves = [
[-1, -2], [1, -2], [-1, 2], [1, 2],
[-2, -1], [-2, 1], [2, -1], [2, 1]
]
def solve(pz, sz, sx, sy, idx, cnt):
if idx > cnt:
return 1
for i in range(len(moves)):
x = sx + moves[i][0]
y = sy + moves[i][1]
if sz > x > -1 and sz > y > -1 and pz[x][y] == 0:
pz[x][y] = idx
if 1 == solve(pz, sz, x, y, idx + 1, cnt):
return 1
pz[x][y] = 0
return 0
def find_solution(pz, sz):
p = [[-1 for j in range(sz)] for i in range(sz)]
idx = x = y = cnt = 0
for j in range(sz):
for i in range(sz):
if pz[idx] == "x":
p[i][j] = 0
cnt += 1
elif pz[idx] == "s":
p[i][j] = 1
cnt += 1
x = i
y = j
idx += 1
if 1 == solve(p, sz, x, y, 2, cnt):
for j in range(sz):
for i in range(sz):
if p[i][j] != -1:
stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(p[i][j], 2))
else:
stdout.write(" ")
print()
else:
print("Cannot solve this puzzle!")
# entry point
find_solution(".xxx.....x.xx....xxxxxxxxxx..x.xx.x..xxxsxxxxxx...xx.x.....xxx..", 8)
print()
find_solution(".....s.x..........x.x.........xxxxx.........xxx.......x..x.x..x..xxxxx...xxxxx..xx.....xx..xxxxx...xxxxx..x..x.x..x.......xxx.........xxxxx.........x.x..........x.x.....", 13)
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_array_of_composite_structures | Sort an array of composite structures |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Sort an array of composite structures by a key.
For example, if you define a composite structure that presents a name-value pair (in pseudo-code):
Define structure pair such that:
name as a string
value as a string
and an array of such pairs:
x: array of pairs
then define a sort routine that sorts the array x by the key name.
This task can always be accomplished with Sorting Using a Custom Comparator.
If your language is not listed here, please see the other article.
| #Haskell | Haskell | import Data.List
import Data.Function (on)
data Person =
P String
Int
deriving (Eq)
instance Show Person where
show (P name val) = "Person " ++ name ++ " with value " ++ show val
instance Ord Person where
compare (P a _) (P b _) = compare a b
pVal :: Person -> Int
pVal (P _ x) = x
people :: [Person]
people = [P "Joe" 12, P "Bob" 8, P "Alice" 9, P "Harry" 2]
main :: IO ()
main = do
mapM_ print $ sort people
putStrLn []
mapM_ print $ sortBy (on compare pVal) people |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Python | Python | from __future__ import print_function
from itertools import permutations
from enum import Enum
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H = Enum('Peg', 'A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H')
connections = ((A, C), (A, D), (A, E),
(B, D), (B, E), (B, F),
(G, C), (G, D), (G, E),
(H, D), (H, E), (H, F),
(C, D), (D, E), (E, F))
def ok(conn, perm):
"""Connected numbers ok?"""
this, that = (c.value - 1 for c in conn)
return abs(perm[this] - perm[that]) != 1
def solve():
return [perm for perm in permutations(range(1, 9))
if all(ok(conn, perm) for conn in connections)]
if __name__ == '__main__':
solutions = solve()
print("A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H =", ', '.join(str(i) for i in solutions[0])) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Huginn | Huginn | main() {
nums = [2, 4, 3, 1, 2];
nums.sort();
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | S := sort(L:= [63, 92, 51, 92, 39, 15, 43, 89, 36, 69]) # will sort a list |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_a_list_of_object_identifiers | Sort a list of object identifiers |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Object identifiers (OID)
Task
Show how to sort a list of OIDs, in their natural sort order.
Details
An OID consists of one or more non-negative integers in base 10, separated by dots. It starts and ends with a number.
Their natural sort order is lexicographical with regard to the dot-separated fields, using numeric comparison between fields.
Test case
Input (list of strings)
Output (list of strings)
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.5.2.0.79
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.1
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.4
1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.17.19.3.4.0.10
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.11150.3.4.0.1
Related tasks
Natural sorting
Sort using a custom comparator
| #zkl | zkl | fcn sortOIDS(oids){ // oids is not modified, a new list is created
// pad each oid with a terminal (-1) so zip won't short cut
oids=oids.pump(List(),fcn(oid){ (oid + ".-1").split(".").apply("toInt") });
oids.sort( // in place sort
fcn(a,b){ // a & b are (x,y,z,...-1), eg (0,4,2,54,-1), (4,6,-1)
a.zip(b).reduce(fcn(_,[(a,b)]){ // if one list longer, zip truncates
if(a==b) return(True); // continue to next field
return(Void.Stop,a<b); // OIDa<OIDb == cmp this field
},True);
});
oids.pump(List,fcn(list){ list[0,-1].concat(".") }) // back to strings
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_disjoint_sublist | Sort disjoint sublist |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Given a list of values and a set of integer indices into that value list, the task is to sort the values at the given indices, while preserving the values at indices outside the set of those to be sorted.
Make your example work with the following list of values and set of indices:
Values: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
Indices: {6, 1, 7}
Where the correct result would be:
[7, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6].
In case of one-based indexing, rather than the zero-based indexing above, you would use the indices {7, 2, 8} instead.
The indices are described as a set rather than a list but any collection-type of those indices without duplication may be used as long as the example is insensitive to the order of indices given.
Cf.
Order disjoint list items
| #ooRexx | ooRexx | data = .array~of(7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
-- this could be a list, array, or queue as well because of polymorphism
-- also, ooRexx arrays are 1-based, so using the alternate index set for the
-- problem.
indexes = .set~of(7, 2, 8)
call disjointSorter data, indexes
say "Sorted data is: ["data~toString("l", ", ")"]"
::routine disjointSorter
use arg data, indexes
temp = .array~new(indexes~items)
-- we want to process these in a predictable order, so make an array
tempIndexes = indexes~makearray
-- we can't just assign things back in the same order. The expected
-- result requires the items be inserted back in first-to-last index
-- order, so we need to sort the index values too
tempIndexes~sortWith(.numberComparator~new)
do index over tempIndexes
temp~append(data[index])
end
-- sort as numbers
temp~sortwith(.numberComparator~new)
do i = 1 to tempIndexes~items
data[tempIndexes[i]] = temp[i]
end
-- a custom comparator that sorts strings as numeric values rather than
-- strings
::class numberComparator subclass comparator
::method compare
use strict arg left, right
-- perform the comparison on the names. By subtracting
-- the two and returning the sign, we give the expected
-- results for the compares
return (left - right)~sign |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_using_a_custom_comparator | Sort using a custom comparator |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of strings in order of descending length, and in ascending lexicographic order for strings of equal length.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library, combined with your own callback comparison function.
Note: Lexicographic order is case-insensitive.
| #PHP | PHP | <?php
function mycmp($s1, $s2)
{
if ($d = strlen($s2) - strlen($s1))
return $d;
return strcasecmp($s1, $s2);
}
$strings = array("Here", "are", "some", "sample", "strings", "to", "be", "sorted");
usort($strings, "mycmp");
?> |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bogosort | Sorting algorithms/Bogosort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Bogosort a list of numbers.
Bogosort simply shuffles a collection randomly until it is sorted.
"Bogosort" is a perversely inefficient algorithm only used as an in-joke.
Its average run-time is O(n!) because the chance that any given shuffle of a set will end up in sorted order is about one in n factorial, and the worst case is infinite since there's no guarantee that a random shuffling will ever produce a sorted sequence.
Its best case is O(n) since a single pass through the elements may suffice to order them.
Pseudocode:
while not InOrder(list) do
Shuffle(list)
done
The Knuth shuffle may be used to implement the shuffle part of this algorithm.
| #zkl | zkl | fcn increasing(list){
list.len()<2 or
list.reduce(fcn(a,b){ if(b<a) return(Void.Stop,False); b }).toBool()
}
ns:=L(5,23,1,6,123,7,23);
while(not increasing(ns)){ ns=ns.shuffle() }
ns.println(); |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bubble_sort | Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them).
Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass.
A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
References
The article on Wikipedia.
Dance interpretation.
| #Groovy | Groovy | def makeSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> print "."; a[[i,j]] = a[[j,i]] }
def checkSwap = { a, i, j = i+1 -> [(a[i] > a[j])].find { it }.each { makeSwap(a, i, j) } }
def bubbleSort = { list ->
boolean swapped = true
while (swapped) { swapped = (1..<list.size()).any { checkSwap(list, it-1) } }
list
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort | Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.
The pseudocode for the algorithm is:
function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
i := 1
j := 2
while i < size do
if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
// for descending sort, use >= for comparison
i := j
j := j + 1
else
swap a[i-1] and a[i]
i := i - 1
if i = 0 then
i := j
j := j + 1
endif
endif
done
Task
Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.
| #PureBasic | PureBasic | Procedure GnomeSort(Array a(1))
Protected Size = ArraySize(a()) + 1
Protected i = 1, j = 2
While i < Size
If a(i - 1) <= a(i)
;for descending SORT, use >= for comparison
i = j
j + 1
Else
Swap a(i - 1), a(i)
i - 1
If i = 0
i = j
j + 1
EndIf
EndIf
Wend
EndProcedure |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Cocktail_sort | Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Cocktail sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
The cocktail shaker sort is an improvement on the Bubble Sort.
The improvement is basically that values "bubble" both directions through the array, because on each iteration the cocktail shaker sort bubble sorts once forwards and once backwards. Pseudocode for the algorithm (from wikipedia):
function cocktailSort( A : list of sortable items )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to length( A ) - 2 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then // test whether the two
// elements are in the wrong
// order
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] ) // let the two elements
// change places
swapped := true;
if swapped = false then
// we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
break do-while loop;
swapped := false
for each i in length( A ) - 2 down to 0 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] )
swapped := true;
while swapped; // if no elements have been swapped,
// then the list is sorted
Related task
cocktail sort with shifting bounds
| #PHP | PHP | function cocktailSort($arr){
if (is_string($arr)) $arr = str_split(preg_replace('/\s+/','',$arr));
do{
$swapped = false;
for($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++){
if(isset($arr[$i+1])){
if($arr[$i] > $arr[$i+1]){
list($arr[$i], $arr[$i+1]) = array($arr[$i+1], $arr[$i]);
$swapped = true;
}
}
}
if ($swapped == false) break;
$swapped = false;
for($i=count($arr)-1;$i>=0;$i--){
if(isset($arr[$i-1])){
if($arr[$i] < $arr[$i-1]) {
list($arr[$i],$arr[$i-1]) = array($arr[$i-1],$arr[$i]);
$swapped = true;
}
}
}
}while($swapped);
return $arr;
}
$arr = array(5, 1, 7, 3, 6, 4, 2);
$arr2 = array("John", "Kate", "Alice", "Joe", "Jane");
$strg = "big fjords vex quick waltz nymph";
$arr = cocktailSort($arr);
$arr2 = cocktailSort($arr2);
$strg = cocktailSort($strg);
echo implode(',',$arr) . '<br>';
echo implode(',',$arr2) . '<br>';
echo implode('',$strg) . '<br>'; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Java | Java | import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
public class SocketSend {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
sendData("localhost", "hello socket world");
}
public static void sendData(String host, String msg) throws IOException {
Socket sock = new Socket( host, 256 );
sock.getOutputStream().write(msg.getBytes());
sock.getOutputStream().flush();
sock.close();
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Jsish | Jsish | #!/usr/bin/env jsish
function sockets() {
var sock = new Socket({client:true, port:256, noAsync:true, udp:true});
sock.send(-1, 'hello socket world');
sock.close();
}
;sockets();
/*
=!EXPECTSTART!=
sockets() ==> undefined
=!EXPECTEND!=
*/ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Phix | Phix | with javascript_semantics
atom t0 = time()
sequence spds = {2,3,5,7}
atom nxt_candidate = 23
sequence adj = {{4,-4},sq_mul({1,2,2,-5},10)},
adjn = {1,1}
include mpfr.e
mpz zprime = mpz_init()
procedure populate_spds(integer n)
while length(spds)<n do
mpz_set_d(zprime,nxt_candidate)
if mpz_prime(zprime) then
spds &= nxt_candidate
end if
for i=1 to length(adjn) do
sequence adjs = adj[i]
integer adx = adjn[i]
nxt_candidate += adjs[adx]
adx += 1
if adx<=length(adjs) then
adjn[i] = adx
exit
end if
adjn[i] = 1
if i=length(adjn) then
-- (this is eg 777, by now 223 carry 1, -> 2223)
adj = append(adj,sq_mul(adj[$],10))
adjn = append(adjn, 1)
nxt_candidate += adj[$][2]
exit
end if
end for
end while
end procedure
populate_spds(25)
printf(1,"spds[1..25]:%v\n",{spds[1..25]})
for n=2 to 5 do
integer p = power(10,n)
populate_spds(p)
printf(1,"spds[%,d]:%,d\n",{p,spds[p]})
end for
for n=7 to 10 do
atom p = power(10,n),
dx = abs(binary_search(p,spds))-1
printf(1,"largest spds prime less than %,15d:%,14d\n",{p,spds[dx]})
end for
?elapsed(time()-t0)
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Snake | Snake |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Snake_(video_game). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Snake is a game where the player maneuvers a line which grows in length every time the snake reaches a food source.
Task
Implement a variant of the Snake game, in any interactive environment, in which a sole player attempts to eat items by running into them with the head of the snake.
Each item eaten makes the snake longer and a new item is randomly generated somewhere else on the plane.
The game ends when the snake attempts to eat himself.
| #Haskell | Haskell | {-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
import Control.Monad.Random (getRandomRs)
import Graphics.Gloss.Interface.Pure.Game
import Lens.Micro ((%~), (^.), (&), set)
import Lens.Micro.TH (makeLenses)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- all data types
data Snake = Snake { _body :: [Point], _direction :: Point }
makeLenses ''Snake
data World = World { _snake :: Snake , _food :: [Point]
, _score :: Int , _maxScore :: Int }
makeLenses ''World
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- everything snake can do
moves (Snake b d) = Snake (step b d : init b) d
eats (Snake b d) = Snake (step b d : b) d
bites (Snake b _) = any (== head b)
step ((x,y):_) (a,b) = (x+a, y+b)
turn (x',y') (Snake b (x,y)) | (x+x',y+y') == (0,0) = Snake b (x,y)
| otherwise = Snake b (x',y')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- all randomness
createWorld = do xs <- map fromIntegral <$> getRandomRs (2, 38 :: Int)
ys <- map fromIntegral <$> getRandomRs (2, 38 :: Int)
return (Ok, World snake (zip xs ys) 0 0)
where
snake = Snake [(20, 20)] (1,0)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- A tyny DSL for declarative description of business logic
data Status = Ok | Fail | Stop
continue = \x -> (Ok, x)
stop = \x -> (Stop, x)
f >>> g = \x -> case f x of { (Ok, y) -> g y; b -> b } -- chain composition
f <|> g = \x -> case f x of { (Fail, _) -> g x; b -> b } -- alternative
p ==> f = \x -> if p x then f x else (Fail, x) -- condition
l .& f = continue . (l %~ f) -- modification
l .= y = continue . set l y -- setting
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- all business logic
updateWorld _ = id >>> (snakeEats <|> snakeMoves)
where
snakeEats = (snakeFindsFood ==> (snake .& eats)) >>>
(score .& (+1)) >>> (food .& tail)
snakeMoves = (snakeBitesTail ==> stop) <|>
(snakeHitsWall ==> stop) <|>
(snake .& moves)
snakeFindsFood w = (w^.snake & moves) `bites` (w^.food & take 1)
snakeBitesTail w = (w^.snake) `bites` (w^.snake.body & tail)
snakeHitsWall w = (w^.snake.body) & head & isOutside
isOutside (x,y) = or [x <= 0, 40 <= x, y <= 0, 40 <= y]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- all event handing
handleEvents e (s,w) = f w
where f = case s of
Ok -> case e of
EventKey (SpecialKey k) _ _ _ -> case k of
KeyRight -> snake .& turn (1,0)
KeyLeft -> snake .& turn (-1,0)
KeyUp -> snake .& turn (0,1)
KeyDown -> snake .& turn (0,-1)
_-> continue
_-> continue
_-> \w -> w & ((snake.body) .= [(20,20)]) >>>
(maxScore .& max (w^.score)) >>> (score .= 0)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- all graphics
renderWorld (s, w) = pictures [frame, color c drawSnake, drawFood, showScore]
where c = case s of { Ok -> orange; _-> red }
drawSnake = foldMap (rectangleSolid 10 10 `at`) (w^.snake.body)
drawFood = color blue $ circleSolid 5 `at` (w^.food & head)
frame = color black $ rectangleWire 400 400
showScore = color orange $ scale 0.2 0.2 $ txt `at` (-80,130)
txt = Text $ mconcat ["Score: ", w^.score & show
," Maximal score: ", w^.maxScore & show]
at p (x,y) = Translate (10*x-200) (10*y-200) p
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
main = do world <- createWorld
play inW white 7 world renderWorld handleEvents updateWorld
where inW = InWindow "The Snake" (400, 400) (10, 10) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smith_numbers | Smith numbers | Smith numbers are numbers such that the sum of the decimal digits of the integers that make up that number is the same as the sum of the decimal digits of its prime factors excluding 1.
By definition, all primes are excluded as they (naturally) satisfy this condition!
Smith numbers are also known as joke numbers.
Example
Using the number 166
Find the prime factors of 166 which are: 2 x 83
Then, take those two prime factors and sum all their decimal digits: 2 + 8 + 3 which is 13
Then, take the decimal digits of 166 and add their decimal digits: 1 + 6 + 6 which is 13
Therefore, the number 166 is a Smith number.
Task
Write a program to find all Smith numbers below 10000.
See also
from Wikipedia: [Smith number].
from MathWorld: [Smith number].
from OEIS A6753: [OEIS sequence A6753].
from OEIS A104170: [Number of Smith numbers below 10^n].
from The Prime pages: [Smith numbers].
| #C.23 | C# | using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace SmithNumbers {
class Program {
static int SumDigits(int n) {
int sum = 0;
while (n > 0) {
n = Math.DivRem(n, 10, out int rem);
sum += rem;
}
return sum;
}
static List<int> PrimeFactors(int n) {
List<int> result = new List<int>();
for (int i = 2; n % i == 0; n /= i) {
result.Add(i);
}
for (int i = 3; i * i < n; i += 2) {
while (n % i == 0) {
result.Add(i);
n /= i;
}
}
if (n != 1) {
result.Add(n);
}
return result;
}
static void Main(string[] args) {
const int SIZE = 8;
int count = 0;
for (int n = 1; n < 10_000; n++) {
var factors = PrimeFactors(n);
if (factors.Count > 1) {
int sum = SumDigits(n);
foreach (var f in factors) {
sum -= SumDigits(f);
}
if (sum == 0) {
Console.Write("{0,5}", n);
if (count == SIZE - 1) {
Console.WriteLine();
}
count = (count + 1) % SIZE;
}
}
}
}
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Hidato_puzzle | Solve a Hidato puzzle | The task is to write a program which solves Hidato (aka Hidoku) puzzles.
The rules are:
You are given a grid with some numbers placed in it. The other squares in the grid will be blank.
The grid is not necessarily rectangular.
The grid may have holes in it.
The grid is always connected.
The number “1” is always present, as is another number that is equal to the number of squares in the grid. Other numbers are present so as to force the solution to be unique.
It may be assumed that the difference between numbers present on the grid is not greater than lucky 13.
The aim is to place a natural number in each blank square so that in the sequence of numbered squares from “1” upwards, each square is in the wp:Moore neighborhood of the squares immediately before and after it in the sequence (except for the first and last squares, of course, which only have one-sided constraints).
Thus, if the grid was overlaid on a chessboard, a king would be able to make legal moves along the path from first to last square in numerical order.
A square may only contain one number.
In a proper Hidato puzzle, the solution is unique.
For example the following problem
has the following solution, with path marked on it:
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
N-queens problem
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle;
| #Haskell | Haskell | {-# LANGUAGE TupleSections #-}
{-# LANGUAGE Rank2Types #-}
import qualified Data.IntMap as I
import Data.IntMap (IntMap)
import Data.List
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Time.Clock
data BoardProblem = Board
{ cells :: IntMap (IntMap Int)
, endVal :: Int
, onePos :: (Int, Int)
, givens :: [Int]
} deriving (Show, Eq)
tupIns x y v m = I.insert x (I.insert y v (I.findWithDefault I.empty x m)) m
tupLookup x y m = I.lookup x m >>= I.lookup y
makeBoard =
(\x ->
x
{ givens = dropWhile (<= 1) $ sort $ givens x
}) .
foldl' --'
f
(Board I.empty 0 (0, 0) []) .
concatMap (zip [0 ..]) . zipWith (\y w -> map (y, ) $ words w) [0 ..]
where
f bd (x, (y, v)) =
if v == "."
then bd
else Board
(tupIns x y (read v) (cells bd))
(if read v > endVal bd
then read v
else endVal bd)
(if v == "1"
then (x, y)
else onePos bd)
(read v : givens bd)
hidato brd = listToMaybe $ h 2 (cells brd) (onePos brd) (givens brd)
where
h nval pmap (x, y) gs
| nval == endVal brd = [pmap]
| nval == head gs =
if null nvalAdj
then []
else h (nval + 1) pmap (fst $ head nvalAdj) (tail gs)
| not $ null nvalAdj = h (nval + 1) pmap (fst $ head nvalAdj) gs
| otherwise = hEmptyAdj
where
around =
[ (x - 1, y - 1)
, (x, y - 1)
, (x + 1, y - 1)
, (x - 1, y)
, (x + 1, y)
, (x - 1, y + 1)
, (x, y + 1)
, (x + 1, y + 1)
]
lkdUp = map (\(x, y) -> ((x, y), tupLookup x y pmap)) around
nvalAdj = filter ((== Just nval) . snd) lkdUp
hEmptyAdj =
concatMap
(\((nx, ny), _) -> h (nval + 1) (tupIns nx ny nval pmap) (nx, ny) gs) $
filter ((== Just 0) . snd) lkdUp
printCellMap cellmap = putStrLn $ concat strings
where
maxPos = xyBy I.findMax maximum
minPos = xyBy I.findMin minimum
xyBy :: (forall a. IntMap a -> (Int, a)) -> ([Int] -> Int) -> (Int, Int)
xyBy a b = (fst (a cellmap), b $ map (fst . a . snd) $ I.toList cellmap)
strings =
map
f
[ (x, y)
| y <- [snd minPos .. snd maxPos]
, x <- [fst minPos .. fst maxPos] ]
f (x, y) =
let z =
if x == fst maxPos
then "\n"
else " "
in case tupLookup x y cellmap of
Nothing -> " " ++ z
Just n ->
(if n < 10
then ' ' : show n
else show n) ++
z
main = do
let sampleBoard = makeBoard sample
printCellMap $ cells sampleBoard
printCellMap $ fromJust $ hidato sampleBoard
sample =
[ " 0 33 35 0 0"
, " 0 0 24 22 0"
, " 0 0 0 21 0 0"
, " 0 26 0 13 40 11"
, "27 0 0 0 9 0 1"
, ". . 0 0 18 0 0"
, ". . . . 0 7 0 0"
, ". . . . . . 5 0"
] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sokoban | Sokoban | Demonstrate how to find a solution to a given Sokoban level. For the purpose of this task (formally, a PSPACE-complete problem) any method may be used. However a move-optimal or push-optimal (or any other -optimal) solutions is preferred.
Sokoban levels are usually stored as a character array where
space is an empty square
# is a wall
@ is the player
$ is a box
. is a goal
+ is the player on a goal
* is a box on a goal
#######
# #
# #
#. # #
#. $$ #
#.$$ #
#.# @#
#######
Sokoban solutions are usually stored in the LURD format, where lowercase l, u, r and d represent a move in that (left, up, right, down) direction and capital LURD represents a push.
Please state if you use some other format for either the input or output, and why.
For more information, see the Sokoban wiki.
| #Ruby | Ruby | require 'set'
class Sokoban
def initialize(level)
board = level.each_line.map(&:rstrip)
@nrows = board.map(&:size).max
board.map!{|line| line.ljust(@nrows)}
board.each_with_index do |row, r|
row.each_char.with_index do |ch, c|
@px, @py = c, r if ch == '@' or ch == '+'
end
end
@goal = board.join.tr(' .@#$+*', ' . ..')
.each_char.with_index.select{|ch, c| ch == '.'}
.map(&:last)
@board = board.join.tr(' .@#$+*', ' @#$ $')
end
def pos(x, y)
y * @nrows + x
end
def push(x, y, dx, dy, board) # modify board
return if board[pos(x+2*dx, y+2*dy)] != ' '
board[pos(x , y )] = ' '
board[pos(x + dx, y + dy)] = '@'
board[pos(x+2*dx, y+2*dy)] = '$'
end
def solved?(board)
@goal.all?{|i| board[i] == '$'}
end
DIRS = [[0, -1, 'u', 'U'], [ 1, 0, 'r', 'R'], [0, 1, 'd', 'D'], [-1, 0, 'l', 'L']]
def solve
queue = [[@board, "", @px, @py]]
visited = Set[@board]
until queue.empty?
current, csol, x, y = queue.shift
for dx, dy, cmove, cpush in DIRS
work = current.dup
case work[pos(x+dx, y+dy)] # next character
when '$'
next unless push(x, y, dx, dy, work)
next unless visited.add?(work)
return csol+cpush if solved?(work)
queue << [work, csol+cpush, x+dx, y+dy]
when ' '
work[pos(x, y)] = ' '
work[pos(x+dx, y+dy)] = '@'
queue << [work, csol+cmove, x+dx, y+dy] if visited.add?(work)
end
end
end
"No solution"
end
end |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Holy_Knight%27s_tour | Solve a Holy Knight's tour |
Chess coaches have been known to inflict a kind of torture on beginners by taking a chess board, placing pennies on some squares and requiring that a Knight's tour be constructed that avoids the squares with pennies.
This kind of knight's tour puzzle is similar to Hidato.
The present task is to produce a solution to such problems. At least demonstrate your program by solving the following:
Example
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Note that the zeros represent the available squares, not the pennies.
Extra credit is available for other interesting examples.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle
| #Racket | Racket | #lang racket
(require "hidato-family-solver.rkt")
(define knights-neighbour-offsets
'((+1 +2) (-1 +2) (+1 -2) (-1 -2) (+2 +1) (-2 +1) (+2 -1) (-2 -1)))
(define solve-a-knights-tour (solve-hidato-family knights-neighbour-offsets))
(displayln
(puzzle->string
(solve-a-knights-tour
#(#(_ 0 0 0 _ _ _ _)
#(_ 0 _ 0 0 _ _ _)
#(_ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0)
#(0 0 0 _ _ 0 _ 0)
#(0 _ 0 _ _ 0 0 0)
#(1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _)
#(_ _ 0 0 _ 0 _ _)
#(_ _ _ 0 0 0 _ _)))))
(newline)
(displayln
(puzzle->string
(solve-a-knights-tour
#(#(- - - - - 1 - 0 - - - - -)
#(- - - - - 0 - 0 - - - - -)
#(- - - - 0 0 0 0 0 - - - -)
#(- - - - - 0 0 0 - - - - -)
#(- - 0 - - 0 - 0 - - 0 - -)
#(0 0 0 0 0 - - - 0 0 0 0 0)
#(- - 0 0 - - - - - 0 0 - -)
#(0 0 0 0 0 - - - 0 0 0 0 0)
#(- - 0 - - 0 - 0 - - 0 - -)
#(- - - - - 0 0 0 - - - - -)
#(- - - - 0 0 0 0 0 - - - -)
#(- - - - - 0 - 0 - - - - -)
#(- - - - - 0 - 0 - - - - -))))) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_a_Holy_Knight%27s_tour | Solve a Holy Knight's tour |
Chess coaches have been known to inflict a kind of torture on beginners by taking a chess board, placing pennies on some squares and requiring that a Knight's tour be constructed that avoids the squares with pennies.
This kind of knight's tour puzzle is similar to Hidato.
The present task is to produce a solution to such problems. At least demonstrate your program by solving the following:
Example
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Note that the zeros represent the available squares, not the pennies.
Extra credit is available for other interesting examples.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
Solve the no connection puzzle
| #Raku | Raku | my @adjacent =
[ -2, -1], [ -2, 1],
[-1,-2], [-1,+2],
[+1,-2], [+1,+2],
[ +2, -1], [ +2, 1];
put "\n" xx 60;
solveboard q:to/END/;
. 0 0 0
. 0 . 0 0
. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 . . 0 . 0
0 . 0 . . 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
. . 0 0 . 0
. . . 0 0 0
END
sub solveboard($board) {
my $max = +$board.comb(/\w+/);
my $width = $max.chars;
my @grid;
my @known;
my @neigh;
my @degree;
@grid = $board.lines.map: -> $line {
[ $line.words.map: { /^_/ ?? 0 !! /^\./ ?? Rat !! $_ } ]
}
sub neighbors($y,$x --> List) {
eager gather for @adjacent {
my $y1 = $y + .[0];
my $x1 = $x + .[1];
take [$y1,$x1] if defined @grid[$y1][$x1];
}
}
for ^@grid -> $y {
for ^@grid[$y] -> $x {
if @grid[$y][$x] -> $v {
@known[$v] = [$y,$x];
}
if @grid[$y][$x].defined {
@neigh[$y][$x] = neighbors($y,$x);
@degree[$y][$x] = +@neigh[$y][$x];
}
}
}
print "\e[0H\e[0J";
my $tries = 0;
try_fill 1, @known[1];
sub try_fill($v, $coord [$y,$x] --> Bool) {
return True if $v > $max;
$tries++;
my $old = @grid[$y][$x];
return False if +$old and $old != $v;
return False if @known[$v] and @known[$v] !eqv $coord;
@grid[$y][$x] = $v; # conjecture grid value
print "\e[0H"; # show conjectured board
for @grid -> $r {
say do for @$r {
when Rat { ' ' x $width }
when 0 { '_' x $width }
default { .fmt("%{$width}d") }
}
}
my @neighbors = @neigh[$y][$x][];
my @degrees;
for @neighbors -> \n [$yy,$xx] {
my $d = --@degree[$yy][$xx]; # conjecture new degrees
push @degrees[$d], n; # and categorize by degree
}
for @degrees.grep(*.defined) -> @ties {
for @ties.reverse { # reverse works better for this hidato anyway
return True if try_fill $v + 1, $_;
}
}
for @neighbors -> [$yy,$xx] {
++@degree[$yy][$xx]; # undo degree conjectures
}
@grid[$y][$x] = $old; # undo grid value conjecture
return False;
}
say "$tries tries";
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_array_of_composite_structures | Sort an array of composite structures |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Sort an array of composite structures by a key.
For example, if you define a composite structure that presents a name-value pair (in pseudo-code):
Define structure pair such that:
name as a string
value as a string
and an array of such pairs:
x: array of pairs
then define a sort routine that sorts the array x by the key name.
This task can always be accomplished with Sorting Using a Custom Comparator.
If your language is not listed here, please see the other article.
| #Icon_and_Unicon | Icon and Unicon | record star(name,HIP)
procedure main()
Ori := [ star("Betelgeuse",27989),
star("Rigel",24436),
star("Belatrix", 25336),
star("Alnilam",26311) ]
write("Some Orion stars by HIP#")
every write( (x := !sortf(Ori,2)).name, " HIP ",x.HIP)
end |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_array_of_composite_structures | Sort an array of composite structures |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Sort an array of composite structures by a key.
For example, if you define a composite structure that presents a name-value pair (in pseudo-code):
Define structure pair such that:
name as a string
value as a string
and an array of such pairs:
x: array of pairs
then define a sort routine that sorts the array x by the key name.
This task can always be accomplished with Sorting Using a Custom Comparator.
If your language is not listed here, please see the other article.
| #J | J | names =: ;: 'Perlis Wilkes Hamming Minsky Wilkinson McCarthy'
values=: ;: 'Alan Maurice Richard Marvin James John'
pairs =: values ,. names
pairs /: names
+-------+---------+
|Richard|Hamming |
+-------+---------+
|John |McCarthy |
+-------+---------+
|Marvin |Minsky |
+-------+---------+
|Alan |Perlis |
+-------+---------+
|Maurice|Wilkes |
+-------+---------+
|James |Wilkinson|
+-------+---------+ |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Racket | Racket | #lang racket
;; Solve the no connection puzzle. Tim Brown Oct. 2014
;; absolute difference of a and b if they are both true
(define (and- a b) (and a b (abs (- a b))))
;; Finds the differences of all established connections in the network
(define (network-diffs (A #f) (B #f) (C #f) (D #f) (E #f) (F #f) (G #f) (H #f))
(list (and- A C) (and- A D) (and- A E)
(and- B D) (and- B E) (and- B F)
(and- C D) (and- C G)
(and- D E) (and- D G) (and- D H)
(and- E F) (and- E G) (and- E H)
(and- F G)))
;; Make sure there is “no connection” in the network N; return N if good
(define (good-network? N)
(and (for/and ((d (filter values (apply network-diffs N)))) (> d 1)) N))
;; possible optimisation is to reverse the arguments to network-diffs, reverse the return value from
;; this function and make this a cons but we're pretty quick here as it is.
(define (find-good-network pegs (n/w null))
(if (null? pegs) n/w
(for*/or ((p pegs))
(define n/w+ (append n/w (list p)))
(and (good-network? n/w+)
(find-good-network (remove p pegs =) n/w+)))))
(define (render-puzzle pzl)
(apply printf (regexp-replace* "O" #<<EOS
O O
/|\ /|\
/ | X | \
/ |/ \| \
O - O - O - O
\ |\ /| /
\ | X | /
\|/ \|/
O O~%
EOS
"~a") pzl))
(render-puzzle (find-good-network '(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8))) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Solve_the_no_connection_puzzle | Solve the no connection puzzle | You are given a box with eight holes labelled A-to-H, connected by fifteen straight lines in the pattern as shown below:
A B
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
C───D───E───F
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
G H
You are also given eight pegs numbered 1-to-8.
Objective
Place the eight pegs in the holes so that the (absolute) difference between any two numbers connected by any line is greater than one.
Example
In this attempt:
4 7
/│\ /│\
/ │ X │ \
/ │/ \│ \
8───1───6───2
\ │\ /│ /
\ │ X │ /
\│/ \│/
3 5
Note that 7 and 6 are connected and have a difference of 1, so it is not a solution.
Task
Produce and show here one solution to the puzzle.
Related tasks
A* search algorithm
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Knight's tour
N-queens problem
Solve a Hidato puzzle
Solve a Holy Knight's tour
Solve a Hopido puzzle
Solve a Numbrix puzzle
4-rings or 4-squares puzzle
See also
No Connection Puzzle (youtube).
| #Raku | Raku | my @adjacent = gather -> $y, $x {
take [$y,$x] if abs($x|$y) > 2;
} for flat -5 .. 5 X -5 .. 5;
solveboard q:to/END/;
. _ . . _ .
. . . . . .
_ . _ 1 . _
. . . . . .
. _ . . _ .
END
sub solveboard($board) {
my $max = +$board.comb(/\w+/);
my $width = $max.chars;
my @grid;
my @known;
my @neigh;
my @degree;
@grid = $board.lines.map: -> $line {
[ $line.words.map: { /^_/ ?? 0 !! /^\./ ?? Rat !! $_ } ]
}
sub neighbors($y,$x --> List) {
eager gather for @adjacent {
my $y1 = $y + .[0];
my $x1 = $x + .[1];
take [$y1,$x1] if defined @grid[$y1][$x1];
}
}
for ^@grid -> $y {
for ^@grid[$y] -> $x {
if @grid[$y][$x] -> $v {
@known[$v] = [$y,$x];
}
if @grid[$y][$x].defined {
@neigh[$y][$x] = neighbors($y,$x);
@degree[$y][$x] = +@neigh[$y][$x];
}
}
}
print "\e[0H\e[0J";
my $tries = 0;
try_fill 1, @known[1];
sub try_fill($v, $coord [$y,$x] --> Bool) {
return True if $v > $max;
$tries++;
my $old = @grid[$y][$x];
return False if +$old and $old != $v;
return False if @known[$v] and @known[$v] !eqv $coord;
@grid[$y][$x] = $v; # conjecture grid value
print "\e[0H"; # show conjectured board
for @grid -> $r {
say do for @$r {
when Rat { ' ' x $width }
when 0 { '_' x $width }
default { .fmt("%{$width}d") }
}
}
my @neighbors = @neigh[$y][$x][];
my @degrees;
for @neighbors -> \n [$yy,$xx] {
my $d = --@degree[$yy][$xx]; # conjecture new degrees
push @degrees[$d], n; # and categorize by degree
}
for @degrees.grep(*.defined) -> @ties {
for @ties.reverse { # reverse works better for this hidato anyway
return True if try_fill $v + 1, $_;
}
}
for @neighbors -> [$yy,$xx] {
++@degree[$yy][$xx]; # undo degree conjectures
}
@grid[$y][$x] = $old; # undo grid value conjecture
return False;
}
say "$tries tries";
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #IDL | IDL | result = array[sort(array)] |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_an_integer_array | Sort an integer array |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of integers in ascending numerical order.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library if possible.
| #Inform_7 | Inform 7 | let L be {5, 4, 7, 1, 18};
sort L; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_disjoint_sublist | Sort disjoint sublist |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Given a list of values and a set of integer indices into that value list, the task is to sort the values at the given indices, while preserving the values at indices outside the set of those to be sorted.
Make your example work with the following list of values and set of indices:
Values: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
Indices: {6, 1, 7}
Where the correct result would be:
[7, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6].
In case of one-based indexing, rather than the zero-based indexing above, you would use the indices {7, 2, 8} instead.
The indices are described as a set rather than a list but any collection-type of those indices without duplication may be used as long as the example is insensitive to the order of indices given.
Cf.
Order disjoint list items
| #Order | Order | #include <order/interpreter.h>
#define ORDER_PP_DEF_8sort_disjoint_sublist ORDER_PP_FN( \
8fn(8L, 8I, \
8lets((8I, 8seq_sort(8less, 8tuple_to_seq(8I))) \
(8J, \
8seq_sort(8less, 8seq_map(8fn(8X, 8seq_at(8X, 8L)), 8I))), \
8replace(8L, 8I, 8J))) )
#define ORDER_PP_DEF_8replace ORDER_PP_FN( \
8fn(8L, 8I, 8V, \
8if(8is_nil(8I), \
8L, \
8replace(8seq_set(8seq_head(8I), 8L, 8seq_head(8V)), \
8seq_tail(8I), 8seq_tail(8V)))) )
ORDER_PP(
8sort_disjoint_sublist(8seq(7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0), 8tuple(6, 1, 7))
) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_disjoint_sublist | Sort disjoint sublist |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Given a list of values and a set of integer indices into that value list, the task is to sort the values at the given indices, while preserving the values at indices outside the set of those to be sorted.
Make your example work with the following list of values and set of indices:
Values: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
Indices: {6, 1, 7}
Where the correct result would be:
[7, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 6].
In case of one-based indexing, rather than the zero-based indexing above, you would use the indices {7, 2, 8} instead.
The indices are described as a set rather than a list but any collection-type of those indices without duplication may be used as long as the example is insensitive to the order of indices given.
Cf.
Order disjoint list items
| #PARI.2FGP | PARI/GP | sortsome(v,which)={
my(x=sum(i=1,#which,1<<(which[i]-1)),u=vecextract(v,x));
u=vecsort(u);
which=vecsort(which);
for(i=1,#which,v[which[i]]=u[i]);
v
}; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_using_a_custom_comparator | Sort using a custom comparator |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of strings in order of descending length, and in ascending lexicographic order for strings of equal length.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library, combined with your own callback comparison function.
Note: Lexicographic order is case-insensitive.
| #PicoLisp | PicoLisp | : (sort '("def" "abc" "ghi") >)
-> ("ghi" "def" "abc") |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sort_using_a_custom_comparator | Sort using a custom comparator |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
Task
Sort an array (or list) of strings in order of descending length, and in ascending lexicographic order for strings of equal length.
Use a sorting facility provided by the language/library, combined with your own callback comparison function.
Note: Lexicographic order is case-insensitive.
| #PL.2FI | PL/I | MRGEPKG: package exports(MERGESORT,MERGE,RMERGE);
DCL (T(4)) CHAR(20) VAR; /* scratch space of length N/2 */
MERGE: PROCEDURE (A,LA,B,LB,C,CMPFN);
DECLARE (A(*),B(*),C(*)) CHAR(*) VAR;
DECLARE (LA,LB) FIXED BIN(31) NONASGN;
DECLARE (I,J,K) FIXED BIN(31);
DECLARE CMPFN ENTRY(
NONASGN CHAR(*) VAR,
NONASGN CHAR(*) VAR)
RETURNS (FIXED bin(31));
I=1; J=1; K=1;
DO WHILE ((I <= LA) & (J <= LB));
IF CMPFN(A(I),B(J)) <= 0 THEN
DO; C(K)=A(I); K=K+1; I=I+1; END;
ELSE
DO; C(K)=B(J); K=K+1; J=J+1; END;
END;
DO WHILE (I <= LA);
C(K)=A(I); I=I+1; K=K+1;
END;
return;
END MERGE;
MERGESORT: PROCEDURE (A,N,CMPFN) RECURSIVE ;
DECLARE (A(*)) CHAR(*) VAR;
DECLARE N FIXED BINARY(31) NONASGN;
DECLARE CMPFN ENTRY(
NONASGN CHAR(*) VAR,
NONASGN CHAR(*) VAR)
RETURNS (FIXED bin(31));
DECLARE (M,I) FIXED BINARY;
DECLARE AMP1(N) CHAR(20) VAR BASED(P);
DECLARE P POINTER;
IF (N=1) THEN RETURN;
M = trunc((N+1)/2);
IF M > 1 THEN CALL MERGESORT(A,M,CMPFN);
P=ADDR(A(M+1));
IF (N-M > 1) THEN CALL MERGESORT(AMP1,N-M,CMPFN);
IF CMPFN(A(M),AMP1(1)) <= 0 THEN RETURN;
DO I=1 to M; T(I)=A(I); END;
CALL MERGE(T,M,AMP1,N-M,A,CMPFN);
END MERGESORT;
RMERGE: PROC OPTIONS(MAIN);
DCL I FIXED BIN(31);
DCL A(8) CHAR(20) VAR INIT("this","is","a","set","of","strings","to","sort");
MyCMP: PROCEDURE(A,B) RETURNS (FIXED BIN(31));
DCL (A,B) CHAR(*) VAR NONASGN;
DCL (I,J) FIXED BIN(31);
I = length(trim(A)); J = length(trim(B));
IF I < J THEN RETURN(+1);
IF I > J THEN RETURN(-1);
IF lowercase(A) < lowercase(B) THEN RETURN(-1);
IF lowercase(A) > lowercase(B) THEN RETURN(+1);
RETURN (0);
END MyCMP;
CALL MERGESORT(A,8,MyCMP);
DO I=1 TO 8;
put edit (I,A(I)) (F(5),X(2),A(10)) skip;
END;
put skip;
END RMERGE; |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Bubble_sort | Sorting algorithms/Bubble sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
A bubble sort is generally considered to be the simplest sorting algorithm.
A bubble sort is also known as a sinking sort.
Because of its simplicity and ease of visualization, it is often taught in introductory computer science courses.
Because of its abysmal O(n2) performance, it is not used often for large (or even medium-sized) datasets.
The bubble sort works by passing sequentially over a list, comparing each value to the one immediately after it. If the first value is greater than the second, their positions are switched. Over a number of passes, at most equal to the number of elements in the list, all of the values drift into their correct positions (large values "bubble" rapidly toward the end, pushing others down around them).
Because each pass finds the maximum item and puts it at the end, the portion of the list to be sorted can be reduced at each pass.
A boolean variable is used to track whether any changes have been made in the current pass; when a pass completes without changing anything, the algorithm exits.
This can be expressed in pseudo-code as follows (assuming 1-based indexing):
repeat
if itemCount <= 1
return
hasChanged := false
decrement itemCount
repeat with index from 1 to itemCount
if (item at index) > (item at (index + 1))
swap (item at index) with (item at (index + 1))
hasChanged := true
until hasChanged = false
Task
Sort an array of elements using the bubble sort algorithm. The elements must have a total order and the index of the array can be of any discrete type. For languages where this is not possible, sort an array of integers.
References
The article on Wikipedia.
Dance interpretation.
| #Haskell | Haskell | bsort :: Ord a => [a] -> [a]
bsort s = case _bsort s of
t | t == s -> t
| otherwise -> bsort t
where _bsort (x:x2:xs) | x > x2 = x2:(_bsort (x:xs))
| otherwise = x:(_bsort (x2:xs))
_bsort s = s |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Gnome_sort | Sorting algorithms/Gnome sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Gnome sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Gnome sort is a sorting algorithm which is similar to Insertion sort, except that moving an element to its proper place is accomplished by a series of swaps, as in Bubble Sort.
The pseudocode for the algorithm is:
function gnomeSort(a[0..size-1])
i := 1
j := 2
while i < size do
if a[i-1] <= a[i] then
// for descending sort, use >= for comparison
i := j
j := j + 1
else
swap a[i-1] and a[i]
i := i - 1
if i = 0 then
i := j
j := j + 1
endif
endif
done
Task
Implement the Gnome sort in your language to sort an array (or list) of numbers.
| #Python | Python | >>> def gnomesort(a):
i,j,size = 1,2,len(a)
while i < size:
if a[i-1] <= a[i]:
i,j = j, j+1
else:
a[i-1],a[i] = a[i],a[i-1]
i -= 1
if i == 0:
i,j = j, j+1
return a
>>> gnomesort([3,4,2,5,1,6])
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithms/Cocktail_sort | Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort |
Sorting Algorithm
This is a sorting algorithm. It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.
For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.
For other sorting algorithms, see sorting algorithms, or:
O(n logn) sorts
Heap sort |
Merge sort |
Patience sort |
Quick sort
O(n log2n) sorts
Shell Sort
O(n2) sorts
Bubble sort |
Cocktail sort |
Cocktail sort with shifting bounds |
Comb sort |
Cycle sort |
Gnome sort |
Insertion sort |
Selection sort |
Strand sort
other sorts
Bead sort |
Bogo sort |
Common sorted list |
Composite structures sort |
Custom comparator sort |
Counting sort |
Disjoint sublist sort |
External sort |
Jort sort |
Lexicographical sort |
Natural sorting |
Order by pair comparisons |
Order disjoint list items |
Order two numerical lists |
Object identifier (OID) sort |
Pancake sort |
Quickselect |
Permutation sort |
Radix sort |
Ranking methods |
Remove duplicate elements |
Sleep sort |
Stooge sort |
[Sort letters of a string] |
Three variable sort |
Topological sort |
Tree sort
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Cocktail sort. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
The cocktail shaker sort is an improvement on the Bubble Sort.
The improvement is basically that values "bubble" both directions through the array, because on each iteration the cocktail shaker sort bubble sorts once forwards and once backwards. Pseudocode for the algorithm (from wikipedia):
function cocktailSort( A : list of sortable items )
do
swapped := false
for each i in 0 to length( A ) - 2 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then // test whether the two
// elements are in the wrong
// order
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] ) // let the two elements
// change places
swapped := true;
if swapped = false then
// we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
break do-while loop;
swapped := false
for each i in length( A ) - 2 down to 0 do
if A[ i ] > A[ i+1 ] then
swap( A[ i ], A[ i+1 ] )
swapped := true;
while swapped; // if no elements have been swapped,
// then the list is sorted
Related task
cocktail sort with shifting bounds
| #PicoLisp | PicoLisp | (de cocktailSort (Lst)
(use (Swapped L)
(loop
(off Swapped)
(setq L Lst)
(while (cdr L)
(when (> (car L) (cadr L))
(xchg L (cdr L))
(on Swapped) )
(pop 'L) )
(NIL Swapped Lst)
(off Swapped)
(loop
(setq L (prior L Lst)) # Not recommended (inefficient)
(when (> (car L) (cadr L))
(xchg L (cdr L))
(on Swapped) )
(T (== Lst L)) )
(NIL Swapped Lst) ) ) ) |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Julia | Julia |
socket = connect("localhost",256)
write(socket, "hello socket world")
close(socket)
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sockets | Sockets | For this exercise a program is open a socket to localhost on port 256 and send the message "hello socket world" before closing the socket.
Catching any exceptions or errors is not required.
| #Kotlin | Kotlin | // version 1.2.21
import java.net.Socket
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val sock = Socket("localhost", 256)
sock.use {
it.outputStream.write("hello socket world".toByteArray())
}
} |
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Smarandache_prime-digital_sequence | Smarandache prime-digital sequence | The Smarandache prime-digital sequence (SPDS for brevity) is the sequence of primes whose digits are themselves prime.
For example 257 is an element of this sequence because it is prime itself and its digits: 2, 5 and 7 are also prime.
Task
Show the first 25 SPDS primes.
Show the hundredth SPDS prime.
See also
OEIS A019546: Primes whose digits are primes.
https://www.scribd.com/document/214851583/On-the-Smarandache-prime-digital-subsequence-sequences
| #Python | Python |
def divisors(n):
divs = [1]
for ii in range(2, int(n ** 0.5) + 3):
if n % ii == 0:
divs.append(ii)
divs.append(int(n / ii))
divs.append(n)
return list(set(divs))
def is_prime(n):
return len(divisors(n)) == 2
def digit_check(n):
if len(str(n))<2:
return True
else:
for digit in str(n):
if not is_prime(int(digit)):
return False
return True
def sequence(max_n=None):
ii = 0
n = 0
while True:
ii += 1
if is_prime(ii):
if max_n is not None:
if n>max_n:
break
if digit_check(ii):
n += 1
yield ii
if __name__ == '__main__':
generator = sequence(100)
for index, item in zip(range(1, 16), generator):
print(index, item)
for index, item in zip(range(16, 100), generator):
pass
print(100, generator.__next__())
|
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Snake | Snake |
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Snake_(video_game). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Rosetta Code, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU FDL. (See links for details on variance)
Snake is a game where the player maneuvers a line which grows in length every time the snake reaches a food source.
Task
Implement a variant of the Snake game, in any interactive environment, in which a sole player attempts to eat items by running into them with the head of the snake.
Each item eaten makes the snake longer and a new item is randomly generated somewhere else on the plane.
The game ends when the snake attempts to eat himself.
| #J | J | require'ide/qt/gl2'
coinsert 'jgl2'
open=: wd@{{)n
pc s closeok;
cc n isidraw;
set n wh 400 400;
pshow;
}}
start=: {{
speed=: {.y,200
open''
snake=: 10 10,10 11,:10 12
newdot''
draw''
}}
newdot=: {{
dot=: ({~ ?@#) snake -.~ ,/(#: i.)40 40
}}
s_n_char=: {{
select. {.toupper sysdata
case. 'W' do. move 0 _1
case. 'A' do. move _1 0
case. 'S' do. move 0 1
case. 'D' do. move 1 0
end.
}}
move=: {{
s_timer=: move@y
wd 'ptimer ',":speed
head=. y+{.snake
if. head e. snake do. head gameover'' return. end.
if. _1 e. head do. (0>.head) gameover'' return. end.
if. 1 e. 40 <: head do. (39<.head) gameover'' return. end.
if. dot -: head do.
snake=: dot,snake
newdot''
else.
snake=: head,}: snake
end.
draw''
}}
draw=: {{
glclear''
glbrush glrgb 0 0 255
glrect 10*}.snake,"1(1 1)
glbrush glrgb 0 255 0
glrect 10*({.snake),1 1
glbrush glrgb 255 0 0
glrect 10*dot,1 1
glpaint''
EMPTY
}}
gameover=: {{
wd 'ptimer 0'
if. 1<#snake do.
echo 'game over'
echo 'score: ',":(#snake)*1000%speed
draw''
glbrush glrgb 255 255 0
glrect 10*x,1 1
end.
snake=: ,:_ _
}} |
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