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So why are people concerned about them? | [
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Let's start with one of the most common objections to GMOs. | [
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There is a method that might guarantee complete prevention but is a big anti-GMO argument by itself. | [
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The idea is that they could produce sterile plants requiring farmers to buy new seeds every year. | [
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The very concept of this, however, caused a public outcry, stopping the technology being put to use. | [
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This brings us back to the unintentional spreading of engineered DNA. | [
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There have been cases of GMOs growing where they weren't planted and traces of modified genes found in foreign crops. | [
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But GM plants can't run wild entirely. | [
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Many crops pollinate themselves, and all crops have to be related to mingle. | [
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There are also cultural methods like buffer zones to keep unintentional crossing at a minimum. | [
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But if it's possible in principle that a GMO could unintentionally cross with a non-GMO, there's actually a more important question. | [
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Is food that comes from GM crops different to food from non-GM crops? | [
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This question has been a major concern from the very beginning. | [
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GM plants that are destined to be eaten are checked for possible dangers and the results are evaluated by multiple agencies. | [
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After more than 30 years and thousands of studies, the science is in. | [
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Eating GMO plants is no more risky than their non-GMO equivalent. | [
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But don't just take our word for it. | [
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Sources for this and other claims are in the video description. | [
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A gene borrowed from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis lets engineered plants produce a protein that destroys the digestive system of specific insect pests. | [
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The plant makes its own pesticide. | [
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Insects that eat it die. | [
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Here we get to the dark underbelly of GMOs. | [
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For the pesticide industry, they are big business. | [
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That isn't only bad. | [
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That's one of the most fundamental problems with the GMO debate. | [
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We need to change agriculture to a more sustainable model. | [
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GMOs as a technology are actually an ally and not an enemy in that fight, helping to save and protect nature and minimize our impact on the environment. | [
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Eggplant is an important crop in Bangladesh, but often whole harvests are destroyed by pests. | [
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The same Bt protein we talked about before, an effective killer of insects, but harmless to humans, was engineered into them. | [
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The health of farmers improved and their income rose dramatically. | [
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99% of all GMOs we use right now produce pesticides or are resistant against them. | [
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Scientists are working on crops that can draw nitrogen from the air like microbes. | [
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Nitrogen is a common fertilizer, but its buildup pollutes the groundwater and speeds up climate change. | [
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With the tools we have today, our imagination is the limit. | [
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If you want to learn more about genetic modification, we have more videos explaining the opportunities and risks of the technology, and how it could impact our future. | [
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We use bacteria to produce insulin, connect prosthetics directly with our brains, and make industrial enzymes to produce paper. | [
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Gene therapy creates cures to previously untreatable diseases, while we're working on food crops resistant to climate change. | [
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Our mastery over biology has been speeding up so much that within weeks of the first COVID-19 case, the unknown coronavirus was broken down in laboratories and analyzed. | [
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Thirteen years and three billion dollars later, it was complete. | [
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Today, it's 100,000 times cheaper, costing only about a thousand dollars. | [
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Converting DNA into computer data and then studying it used to be a super tedious process, taking expert humans around three years of manual work. | [
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Cutting-edge discoveries now take just about a year to be copied in laboratories around the world, | [
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