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This sort of weapon is at the limits of what the Smorpians' technology can handle,
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as it requires loads of a highly dangerous material, antimatter, the evil twin of regular matter.
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Humans have only managed to produce a few nanograms of antimatter.
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With their unlimited energy, Smorpians can manufacture it at an industrial scale to build antimatter rockets.
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When antimatter and matter are mixed, they annihilate,
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The physics is complicated, but basically, if you have a really strong magnetic field,
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you can deflect the plasma through a nozzle, just like in the chemical rockets humans use.
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But it would be much, much faster.
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Our relativistic missile is much bigger than a skyscraper.
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At the bottom is the bell-shaped magnetic nozzle, 100 meters wide.
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On top of it are 250 floors, filled with antimatter and matter, ready to annihilate each other.
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On the top floor is a 300 kilogram projectile, looking quite small, about the size of a person.
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To stop them getting damaged on the way, the missiles have dozens of sacrificial layers that form a Whipple shield.
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To make sure they do their job, the Smorpians build 1,000 missiles.
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Let's fire them!
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Launching all the relativistic missiles is a spectacular event.
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For a moment, the antimatter engines lighting up outshine their star.
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Their exhaust is a long trail of brilliant white, and as they accelerate away,
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they appear redder and redder until they turn invisible.
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the missiles are accelerated to 99.9999996% of the speed of light.
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They have effectively infinite range, as there's nothing really to slow them down.
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They arrive shortly after you can see them.
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The light from their launch will take 42 years to reach Earth.
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So, human astronomers might see the flash of the missile's launch,
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and then a few days later, they'll hit.
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Each relativistic missile packs the kinetic energy of a dinosaur-killer asteroid,
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so only one needs to hit.
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They never reach the ground, disintegrating instead at the edge of Earth's atmosphere.
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Intense blue flashes set everything on fire.
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Then, continent-sized fireballs slam down on the surface to smash everything into dust.
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But they are a hassle to build.
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Is there something else, maybe?
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Humans do funny things to their food to rid it of bacteria and make it safe to eat, like shooting electron beams at strawberries.
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Small particle accelerators send electrons into the food with an energy similar to the radiation from nuclear reactions.
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Smorpians had the same idea, but bigger.
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The main challenge with an electron beam is range.
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Electrons are negatively charged particles, so they don't want to stay near each other.
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A regular electron beam will quickly spread out, making it harmless.
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Smorpians needed to cover distances of dozens of light years.
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So, they've used the rules of the universe to trick the electrons by building an ultra-relativistic electron beam .
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What it does is accelerate the electrons to 99.999*998% of the speed of light, faster than even the most powerful cosmic rays.
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The closest something travels to the speed of light, the slower time moves for it relative to the rest of the universe.
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The biggest particle accelerator on Earth is 27 kilometers long.
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The Smorpians need one that's over 100,000 kilometers long, a megastructure eight times longer than Earth is wide.
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It's mostly a tube of magnets holding the beam together until the exit, like a long trumpet of doom surrounded by an aura of deadly radiation.
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When it's fired, it produces a ruler-straight lightning bolt pointed at Earth.
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Its effects on arrival are less visible than the other weapons.
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It doesn't destroy rocks, it destroys DNA.
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People get dizzy, then fall sick as their cells are pierced by radiation.
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You might think that a deep bunker could save a few humans, but no.
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The URUB is so penetrating that its effects accumulate to lethal doses even underground over days or weeks.
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In the end, just like our strawberries, Earth becomes sterile.
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Luckily, the Smorpians don't really exist, but others might.
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One major downside of all our weapons is that others around the Milky Way could see you firing them,
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the best course of action seems to be to stay relatively quiet for now and observe.
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Maybe one day we'll witness distant stars shooting at each other and be glad we stayed out of it.
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But we don't have to stay out of intergalactic fun.
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There's a peaceful way to join Type 2 civilizations on their galactic adventures.
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Look, it's the Galactic Club, a cozy corner in the vast universe reserved for friendly, quirky folk like you.
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Come in and don't worry.
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We've got everything you need to fit right in.
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It's all part of our latest limited drop.
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Kill your alien friends with kindness and impress them with these colorful patches and sweaters.
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Wear these new iconic T-shirts that represent your love of stargazing and show allegiance to our ultimate overlord dad.
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Like with our last limited drop, these items are available now until they sell out, and then never again.
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Pair them up with the 12,024 Cosmic Creations Calendar to have a beautiful daily reminder of potential alien civilizations.
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All of our products are designed and produced with love and care by us here at Kurzgesagt.
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They are an integral part of the science story we try to tell.
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So start your journey on our channel.
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And continue it with our posters, calendars, and plushes.
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Every purchase directly funds what we do on this channel.
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Thank you so much for your support.
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Join the Galactic Club now.
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Overlord Duck is waiting.
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The 14 moons of Neptune are a strange bunch.
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Most of them are small potato-shaped pieces of ice and rock.
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Some are so far away from Neptune that they need 29 years to circle Neptune once.
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Almost all of them are asteroids trapped by Neptune's gravity.
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99.5% of all the mass around Neptune is concentrated in Triton.
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It's the 7th biggest moon and more massive than all other known moons in the solar system that are smaller than itself combined.
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Its surface area is about as big as the mainland of Russia and Australia together.
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Also, Triton is one of only four objects in the solar system that we know is geologically active.
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Triton orbits Neptune in the wrong direction, against the rotation of Neptune, which is unique in our solar system for an object as big as Triton.
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We can conclude from this that Triton hasn't always been a moon of Neptune,
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The most popular theory here is that Triton was once part of a double system.
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its gravity interfered with the double system and catapulted the other object into space, while Triton was forced into orbit.
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This would have disrupted the orbits of other Neptune moons rather violently and would most likely have either pushed them away from Neptune or let them collide or crash into Neptune.
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This would explain why Neptune's moons are so dominated by Triton.
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But this will end one day.
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Triton is being slowed down by Neptune, and eventually it will either crash into it or be ground by Neptune's gravity into a huge ring system similar to Saturn's.
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So don't buy real estate on Triton.
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Oh dear, just when you thought the Iraq problem was solved because you haven't heard about it for a while, everything's back to murderous chaos and terror.
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What happened?
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In 2003, the US invaded Iraq because of its alleged connections to terrorism and weapons of mass destruction.
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At the time, Saddam Hussein, a brutal dictator, ruled the country.
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He was part of the Sunni minority and suppressed the Shia majority.
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Iraq was conquered fairly quickly, but the US had no plan for the country.
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The until-then-suppressed Shia majority took over and began oppressing the Sunnis because suppressing other faiths has proven to be such a good idea.
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Unsurprisingly, a Sunni rebel uprising began and terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda trickled into Iraq and local forces, often former Sunni military,
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Since then, people in Iraq have basically been segregated by religion.
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