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We would certainly lose a lot of crucial institutional knowledge, especially on hard drives that nobody could read or operate anymore.
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But a lot of the technological, scientific, and cultural knowledge stored in the world's 2.6 million libraries would survive the catastrophe.
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The post-collapse survivors would know what used to be possible, and they could reverse-engineer some of the tools and machines they'd find.
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In conclusion, despite the bleak prospect of catastrophic threats, natural or created by ourselves, there is reason for optimism.
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Humankind is remarkably resilient, and even in the case of a global civilizational collapse, it seems likely that we would be able to recover.
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Even if we lost cultural and technological achievements in the process.
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But given the stakes, the risks are still unnervingly high.
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Nuclear war and dangerous pandemics threaten the amazing global civilization we have built.
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Humanity is like a teenager, speeding around blind corners, drunk without a seatbelt.
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The good news is that it's still early enough to prepare for and to mitigate these risks.
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We just need to actually do it.
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We made this video together with Will McCaskill, a professor of philosophy at Oxford and one of the founders of the Affective Altruism Movement,
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Will just published a new book called What We Owe the Future, which is about how you can positively impact the long-term future of our world.
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If you like Kurzgesagt videos, the chances are high you'll like it.
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The book has some pretty counterintuitive arguments, like that risks from new technologies such as AI and synthetic biology are at least as grave as those from climate change.
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Or that the world doesn't contain too many people, but too few.
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And especially that everyday actions like recycling or refusing to fly just aren't that big a deal compared to where you donate or what career you pursue.
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Most importantly, it argues that by acting wisely, you can help make tomorrow better than today.
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And how we together can build a flourishing world for the thousands or millions of generations that will come after us.
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Many things we at Kurzgesagt talk about regularly are discussed here in much greater detail.
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Check out What We Owe the Future wherever you get your books or audiobooks.
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Did we manage to unlock a new fear for you?
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Let's counter existential dread with appreciation for humanity.
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Look how far we've come as a species, what we've built and where we've gathered.
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Let this new world map poster be a reminder of what we can achieve.
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Until recently, the vast majority of the world population worked on farms,
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and the total production of the world's economy was mostly the total agricultural output.
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And this output was limited by the fixed size of the land.
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The total output of the economy did not change a lot year by year.
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The size of the pie was fixed.
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The world was a zero-sum game.
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In such a stagnating world, the only way to get better off is if someone else gets worse off.
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If you take a bigger piece of the pie, someone else's gets smaller.
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If you want more food, then conquering, plundering and stealing are great strategies.
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Your neighbor's loss is your gain.
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This was the state of things for thousands of years.
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Societies invaded each other constantly to get more pie.
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Economic inequality was extreme.
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Some had all the pie they wanted, while others had to live with the crumbs.
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Then the Industrial Revolution happened, and everything changed.
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We developed machinery, better crops, better fertilizers.
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Agricultural output skyrocketed.
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But we didn't just produce more food.
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Every industrial sector exploded in terms of productivity.
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From 1700 to 1870, the production of iron in Britain increased 137-fold.
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The Industrial Revolution led to a previously unimaginable increase in economic output.
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This altered the nature of our societies.
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Economic growth changed the world from a zero-sum game to a positive-sum game.
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We had found a way to create a bigger pie.
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More people could have more at the same time.
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This development is spreading and continuing today.
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Antibiotics kill bacteria.
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Power plants deliver energy.
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Cell phones connect us.
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Planes let us travel cheaply.
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Fridges store food.
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Continuous progress in all sectors of the economy seems normal to us today.
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But the change from stagnation to economic growth really was the most drastic shift in human history.
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How was this possible?
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At the very core of this massive transformation stand new ideas that lead to innovation.
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Innovation has many different definitions.
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But in the context of this video, we mean better solutions to existing problems and solutions to problems we didn't know we had.
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The more you innovate, the more complex and interesting problems you discover as your wishes and needs evolve.
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The average citizen in Norway 250 years ago might have wanted some really good shoes.
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Once we get what we want, we don't stop.
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We can see how we can improve things even more and how to make things even better.
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The new positive-sum world has existed for 0.1% of human history and we have yet to get used to it.
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It has a consequence that feels really unintuitive.
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In a positive-sum world, it's in your personal, selfish, best interest that every human on planet Earth is well-off.
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It's good for you if people in obscure parts of countries you've never heard of are prospering.
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There is a genuine, selfish argument for making the world a better place.
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In a positive-sum world, the more people are well-off, the better your own life is.
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This is because of the nature of innovation.
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It is fundamentally driven by supply and demand.
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The supply increases when more people have the freedom and education to contribute.
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They become inventors, researchers, engineers or thinkers that come up with new ideas.
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The demand for ideas increases as people get richer and can pay for new solutions.
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They increase the size of the market for innovations.
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Innovation follows incentives.
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So naturally, if many people want and can pay for something, it will get the innovators' attention and energy.
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Improving the lives of those who are worst off has a multiplying effect.
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It increases demand for ideas while at the same time making it easier for ideas to be produced.
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Let's take an example that interests all of us, a cure for cancer.
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If there are 1 billion people in the world that have the wealth to pay for cancer treatments, innovation will follow this demand.
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So hundreds of billions of dollars have been invested in medical research.
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This had a huge effect, but we're still nowhere near to curing all forms of cancer.
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Today, every sixth person in the world dies of cancer, and you might be one of them.
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Now imagine if demand were higher.
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Imagine instead of 1 billion people being able to pay for a cure for cancer, there were 4 billion or 7 billion.
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Imagine how far medicine could have developed if we'd invested seven times as much in curing cancer.
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On top of that, there's so much human potential being wasted right now.
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The work of a poor farmer in a developing nation is not useful to you.
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But if he becomes better off, his children might spend their time in university developing things that are useful to you.
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Instead of having some hotspots of innovation in the developed world, we would have many hotspots all over the world.
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The research output of humanity would be many times what it is right now.
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Could we have cured cancer by now if that were the case?
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and a global network of medical research, things would certainly be further ahead than they are now.
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And this is the core of the argument.
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The more people want the same thing that you want, the more likely you are to get it.
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That is what it means to live in a positive-sum world.
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