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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khobi_Municipality"}
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Municipality in Samegrelo, GEO
Khobi (Georgian: ხობის მუნიციპალიტეტი, Xobis municiṗaliṫeṫi) is a district of Georgia, in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti. Its main town is Khobi. The population was 30,548, as of the 2014 census. The total area is 659 square kilometres (254 sq mi).
Politics
Khobi Municipal Assembly (Georgian: ხობის საკრებულო) is a representative body in Khobi Municipality, consisting of 36 members, which is elected every four years. The last election was held in October 2021. Davit Bukia of Georgian Dream was elected mayor through a 2nd round against a candidate of the United National Movement.
Administrative division
There are 1 city and 21 administrative units with 56 villages in the municipality.
1 city - Khobi
15 communities - Akhalsopeli, Akhali Khibula, Bia, Gurifuli, Zemo Kvaloni, Torsa-Dghvaba, Nojikhevi, May 1, Sajijao, Kariata, Kvemo Kvaloni, Shua Khorga, Chaladidi, Khamiskuri, Kheta;
6 rural communities - Patara Poti, First Khorga, Sagvichio, Kulevi, Shavghele, Old Khibula.
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Brazilian artist
Beto Shwafaty (born 1977, São Paulo) is a Brazilian conceptual artist, visual researcher and critic.
Contents
Life and work
Shwafaty is an artist and researcher based in Brazil. He has a bachelor's degree from UNICAMP (Campinas, 2001), obtained a master's degree in visual arts and curatorial studies from Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti–NABA (Milan, 2010) and attended Simon Starling's classes at the Staedelschule (Frankfurt am Main, 2010–2011). Shwafaty has been involved with collective, research-based, curatorial and spatial practices since early 2000s, and as a result, his own practice explores the converging spheres of critical design, spatial politics, knowledge economy, and visual culture in ways that assume art as a productive system able to stimulate changes and reflections on social behavior and cognition when related to historical, interdisciplinary, and public issues. His concerns pass through diverse issues regarding public space, conviviality and visual culture in specific sociocultural and political contexts. Using diverse methods and languages – that ranges from installations, sculptural and spatial situations, design and printed matter to research-based and docu-fictional strategies – he aims to explore the possibilities of being at same time a productive agent, a reflexive and critical actor. In this sense, art production becomes a way to approach the real as at the same time an opportunity to question pre-assumed positions. The materialization of his projects can be considered as hybrid units of information, assumed as possibilities to generate (or recover) specific sets of knowledge. Through notions and acts of critique, appropriation and translation he intends to create situations where issues and debates about the functions and communicative qualities of art may emerge and be articulated within certain levels of society and the public sphere.
Exhibitions
Among past and forthcoming exhibitions, his work has been exhibited at 9th Mercosul Biennial (Porto Alegre, 2013); Mythologies, MAM SP (São Paulo, 2013); 33rd Panorama of Brazilian Art, MAM SP (São Paulo, 2013); X São Paulo Architecture Biennial (2013); Contra Escambos (Belo Horizonte and Recife, 2013); Eternal Tour, SESC (São Paulo, 2012); Mythologies, Cité des Arts (Paris, 2011); Shadowed by the future, Instituto Cervantes (São Paulo, 2010); 4th IABR - Rotterdam Architecture Biennial: Urbaninform (Netherlands, 2009); 3rd Utrecht Manifest (Netherlands, 2009); Public Turbulence, Isola Art Center (Milan, 2009); Utopia for Sale, Akademie der Künste (Berlin, 2009); The Building: E-flux, Berlin, 2009; Rumos Artes Visuais, Itaú Cultural (São Paulo, 2006).
Critical texts
Shwafaty has written in recent years, diverse critical art reviews and critical reports. His texts appeared at Forum Permanente web platform (critical report on the 54th Venice Biennial and coordination of critical reports on the 30th Paulo Biennial's Seminars among other texts); Livro para Responder, Capacete (Rio de Janeiro, 2012). He also won the Mario Pedrosa prize for essays on contemporary culture from Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (Recife 2012). Recently, Shwafaty edited the photo-book The Life of the Centers, about urbanism and memory regarding three central areas of São Paulo.
Awards
Shwafaty received diverse awards, including: Graham Foundation's exhibition grant (Chicago, 2013); 9o Rede Nacional Funarte (Rio de Janeiro, 2012); PROAC - São Paulo’s State support to produce photographic book The Life of the Centers (ISBN 978-85-62114-22-9, São Paulo, 2011–2013); PROCULTURA MinC, Government support for the web magazine and platform Translados.org (Brazil, 2011); Brazilian government travel aid for artists to attend Staedelschule Frankfurt (2010); Nominated to UNIDEE residency / partial grant, Cittadellarte Pistolleto Foundation (Biella, 2009); M.A. Scholarship at Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti (NABA (Milan, 2009). Acquisition prizes at: 31st Ribeirão Preto Contemporary exhibition (Brazil, 2006); 35th Piracicaba Contemporary exhibition (Brazil, 2003); MACC, Contemporary Art Museum of Campinas (Brazil 2002). He attended art residencies at Eco & Narciso / RES-Ò (Turin, 2012) and Other possible worlds, Casino Luxemburg (Luxemburg, 2011).
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penalty_(ice_hockey)"}
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Punishment for breaking the rules in ice hockey
A penalty in ice hockey is a punishment for an infringement of the rules. Most penalties are enforced by sending the offending player to a penalty box for a set number of minutes. During the penalty the player may not participate in play. Penalties are called and enforced by the referee, or in some cases, the linesman. The offending team may not replace the player on the ice (although there are some exceptions, such as fighting), leaving them short-handed as opposed to full strength. When the opposing team is said to be on a power play, they will have one more player on the ice than the short-handed team. The short-handed team is said to be "on the penalty kill" until the penalty expires and the penalized player returns to play. While standards vary somewhat between leagues, most leagues recognize several common varieties of penalties, as well as common infractions.
The statistic used to track penalties is called "penalty minutes" and abbreviated to "PIM" (spoken as single word "pims"). PIM is an acronym for "penalties in minutes", though the full term is rarely used today. It represents the total assessed length of penalties each player or team has accrued.
History
The first codified rules of ice hockey, known as the Halifax Rules, were brought to Montreal by James Creighton, who organized the first indoor ice hockey game in 1875. Two years later, the Montreal Gazette documented the first set of "Montreal Rules", which noted that "charging from behind, tripping, collaring, kicking or shinning the ball shall not be allowed". The only penalty outlined by these rules was that play would be stopped, and a "bully" (faceoff) would take place. Revised rules in 1886 mandated that any player in violation of these rules would be given two warnings, but on a third offence would be removed from the game.
It was not until 1904 that players were ruled off the ice for infractions. At that time, a referee could assess a two-, three- or five-minute penalty, depending on the severity of the foul. By 1914, all penalties were five minutes in length, reduced to three minutes two years later, and the offending player was given an additional fine. When the National Hockey League (NHL) was founded in 1917, it mandated that a team could not substitute for any player who was assessed a penalty, thus requiring them to play shorthanded for the duration. The penalty was shortened to two minutes for the 1921–22 season, while five- and ten-minute penalties were added two years later.
Types of penalties
Both the NHL and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) recognize the common penalty degrees of minor and major penalties, as well as the more severe misconduct, game misconduct, and match penalties.
Quick reference chart
Minor penalty
A minor penalty is the least severe type of penalty. A minor penalty is two minutes in length. The offending player is sent to the penalty box and in most cases, his team will play shorthanded. If the offending player is the goaltender or a coach the team is given a "bench minor" penalty (assessed against the team, rather than an individual player), then any skater who was on the ice at the time of the infraction may serve the penalty. In rare cases, when the offending player suffers an injury on the same play, whoever is on the ice at the time of the penalty may also serve the penalty, as was the case of Game 2 of the Pittsburgh Penguins and Washington Capitals' series during the 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs, when Phil Kessel served a penalty in place of Tom Kühnhackl.
A team with a numerical advantage in players will go on a power play. If they score a goal during this time, the penalty will end and the offending player may return to the ice. In hockey's formative years, teams were shorthanded for the entire length of a minor penalty. The NHL changed this rule following the 1955–56 season where the Montreal Canadiens frequently scored multiple goals on one power play. Most famous was a game on November 5, 1955, when Jean Béliveau scored three goals in 44 seconds, all on the same power play, in a 4–2 victory over the Boston Bruins.
Coincidental (or "matching") minor penalties occur when an equal number of players from each team are given a minor penalty at the same time. The permission of a substitute player depends on the league and the situation at the time of the infractions. In some leagues, such as the NHL, the teams will play four-on-four for the duration of the penalties if they occurred when both teams were at even strength. However, if there is already a manpower differential, then both teams are allowed to make substitutions while the penalized players will remain in the penalty box until the first stoppage in play after their penalty expires. In other competitions, such as IIHF events, coincidental penalties do not affect manpower in any situation. Coincidental minor penalties are not ended when a goal is scored by either team.
In some cases, a referee can impose a double or triple minor. The infraction is counted as two or three separate minor penalties. If a team scores a power play goal during such a penalty, only the current block of two minutes being counted down is cancelled; the penalty clock is then reset to the next lowest interval of two minutes (ex. a goal with a double-minor penalty clock at 3:45 is reset to 2:00). Expiration rules of double- or triple-minor penalties due to goals being scored are identical to that of regular minor penalties being served back-to-back.
Major penalty
A major penalty is a stronger degree of penalty for a more severe infraction of the rules than a minor. Most infractions which incur a major penalty are more severe instances of minor penalty infractions; one exception is fighting, which always draws a major. A player who receives a major penalty will remain off the ice for five minutes of play during which his team will be short-handed. A major penalty cannot end early even if a goal is scored against the short-handed team, unless the goal is scored during an overtime period (which ends the game). If major penalties are assessed to one player on each team at the same time, they may be substituted for, and teams will not be reduced by one player on the ice. The penalized players will remain in the penalty box until the first stoppage of play following the end of the penalties. This commonly occurs with majors for fighting.
Starting with the 2019–20 season, NHL referees are required to use on-ice video review for all major (non-fighting) penalties in order to either confirm the call or reduce the call to a minor penalty.
Under IIHF rules, every major penalty carries an automatic game misconduct penalty; in other competitions, earning three major penalties in a game results in a game misconduct penalty, though a number of infractions that result in a major penalty automatically impose a game misconduct as well.
Infractions that often call for a major penalty include spearing, fighting, butt-ending, charging, and boarding.
Misconduct penalty
A player who receives a misconduct penalty will remain off the ice for ten minutes. The player may be substituted for on the ice and may return to the ice at the first stoppage in play following the expiration of the penalty (unless other penalties were assessed); however, in practice, misconduct penalties are normally assessed along with two minute minor penalties (resulting in a penalty combination colloquially called a "two-and-ten"). If an additional penalty is incurred with a misconduct penalty, the times run concurrently (simultaneously), with another eligible player serving the other penalty in the offender's place to enforce a disadvantage. For example, if a player receives a 2-minute minor plus a misconduct for boarding, two players will be sent to the penalty box: the offender and a teammate of his, frequently one who was on the ice at the time. The team is allowed to immediately substitute for the offender, so there is only a one-man disadvantage. Once the boarding penalty ends, the teammate can return to the ice, and both teams are at full strength again while the offender remains in the penalty box until the first stoppage in play after his/her ten minutes have elapsed. This is according to USA Hockey Rule 404(a) and NHL Rule 28. In the event the other penalty is a non-coincidental major, most adult leagues allow deferring placing the substitute player into the penalty box so long as he is in place before the major penalty expires (but the team must still play shorthanded). In such cases, only a player from the penalty box can emerge in place of the offender after the end of the major penalty.
Misconduct penalties are usually called to temporarily take a player off the ice and allow tempers to cool. They are sometimes also assessed in conjunction with fighting majors, giving the offending players the opportunity to calm down as they sit out their ten minutes.
IIHF rules state that a player who gets another misconduct penalty risks a game misconduct penalty and is ejected.
Game misconduct penalty
A player (whether a skater or goaltender) or any member of any team's coaching staff who receives a game misconduct penalty is ejected, and is sent to the team's dressing room. The player may be immediately substituted for on the ice; however, in practice, game misconduct penalties are often assessed as an addition to a particularly egregious infraction that has also earned the player a two-minute minor penalty or (more often) a five-minute major penalty, in which case another player will serve this penalty in place of the ejected player. Regardless of the time during the game that the penalty is given, the player is charged with ten penalty minutes (twenty in the IIHF rules) for statistical purposes for the game misconduct. This rule also applies to match penalties (see below).
In most leagues, the referee has the discretion to call a game misconduct on a player charged with boarding due to the likelihood of injury to the boarded player. However, in the NHL, if a boarded player suffers a head or facial injury (a concussion risk), the offending player receives an automatic game misconduct.
Any player who is dismissed twice for stick infractions, boarding or checking from behind, or dismissed three times for any reason, in a single NHL regular season incurs an automatic one-match ban, and further discipline is possible for subsequent ejections. For each subsequent game misconduct penalty, the automatic suspension shall be increased by one game. Salary lost as a result of a ban is usually donated to a league-supported charity or to a program to assist retired players.
Examples of a game misconduct penalty include getting out of the penalty box before the penalty time is served, trying to join or attempt to break up a fight [third man in] or earning a second misconduct penalty in the same game.
Match penalty
A player who receives a match penalty is ejected. A match penalty is imposed for deliberately injuring another player as well as attempting to injure another player. Many other penalties automatically become match penalties if injuries actually occur: under NHL rules, butt-ending, goalies using blocking glove to the face of another player, head-butting, kicking, punching an unsuspecting player, spearing, and tape on hands during altercation must be called as a match penalty if injuries occur; under IIHF rules, kneeing and checking to the head or neck area must be called as a match penalty if injuries occur.
NHL referees are required to use on-ice video review for all match penalties in order to either confirm the call or reduce the call to a minor penalty.
The team of the offending player must choose a substitute player to place in the box from any of the eligible players, excluding the goaltender. The substitute serves a five-minute penalty similar to a major penalty (except in overtime, goals scored against the penalized team do not end the penalty early). If the goaltender receives a match penalty, another player serves the time so that the team may immediately insert a backup. In most cases, offending players are suspended from the next game their team plays, and often face hearings with the possibility of a lengthier ban. In the NHL, a match penalty and a game misconduct are virtually identical in application. However, a match penalty carries a larger fine, and the offending player is suspended indefinitely until the Commissioner rules on the issue.
In NCAA hockey, a similar penalty called a game disqualification results in automatic suspension for the number of games equal to the number of game disqualification penalties the player has been assessed in that season.
For statistical purposes, match penalty is counted as ten minutes in NHL and as twenty-five minutes under the IIHF rules.
Penalty shot
A penalty shot is a special case of penalty for cases in which a scoring opportunity was lost as a result of an infraction (like being tripped or hooked while on a breakaway; or a player other than the goaltender covers the puck with his hand inside the crease). The player who was deprived of the opportunity (in cases the infraction was against him, for example, on breakaways), or one chosen by the team (in cases where the infraction is not against a specific player), is allowed an unchallenged opportunity to score on the opposing goaltender as compensation. If the infraction occurred when the penalized team has pulled their goalie and the infraction occurs during a breakaway, a goal is immediately awarded to the other team rather than a penalty shot. Regardless of whether or not the penalty shot is successful, the penalty is now treated as if a goal had been scored during that penalty; a minor penalty is negated, and a double-minor is reduced to a regular minor. Major, match, and misconduct penalties are served in their entirety as these are not affected by goals. If the non-offending team scores a goal in the delayed penalty situation, the penalty shot is not taken and the penalized team serves the time instead.
Apart from their use as a penalty, penalty shots also form the shootout that is used to resolve ties in many leagues and tournaments.
Gross misconduct penalty
Similar to a game misconduct in severity, gross misconduct penalties have been eliminated from the NHL rulebook. It was imposed for an action of extreme unsportsmanlike conduct, such as abuse of officials or spectators, and could be assessed to any team official in addition to a player. Infractions which garnered a gross misconduct now earn a game misconduct. The penalty had last been assessed in 2006 on Atlanta Thrashers coach Bob Hartley due to post-game comments made regarding referee Mick McGeough's blown call during a game versus Edmonton. The Phoenix Coyotes' Shane Doan was the last player to be given a gross misconduct penalty in 2005 for alleged ethnic slurs directed at French-Canadian referees (later investigated and subsequently cleared by the NHL).
However, this penalty is still in effect in Canadian hockey. "A Gross Misconduct penalty shall be assessed [to] any player or team official who conducts herself in such a manner as to make a travesty of the game."
Enforcement of penalties
The referees make most penalty calls. Linesmen may stop play and enforce only certain infractions (as defined by the rules governing the league in which they officiate), such as "too many players on the ice". The official will initially put an arm in the air to signal a penalty; the official will stop play only once the offending team has control of the puck, or play is stopped by normal means. A delayed penalty is one in which the penalty is called but play is not yet stopped because the non-offending team retains the puck. Because the play will stop immediately upon the offending team gaining control of the puck, the goaltender of the non-offending team will often go to the players' bench upon seeing the arm signal to allow an extra attacker on the ice until the play is stopped. Because the offending team will not be able to take a shot on goal before the play is stopped, this is generally seen as a risk-free play. However, there have been instances in which the non-offending team accidentally puts the puck into their own net, usually on a failed backwards pass. Once the offending team touches the puck and the play is stopped, the referee will signal the specific infraction. If the penalized player was injured on the play and cannot return, another player on the team would serve the penalty if it involves a team being short-handed.
In the NHL, if the non-offending team scores a goal in a delayed penalty situation, then it is treated as if a goal was scored during that penalty. Thus, if the delayed penalty is a minor, the penalty is waved off. If the delayed penalty is a double-minor, only the first two-minute block is waved off, and the offending player must still serve the second time block. These rules used to be in college hockey as well, until the 2010–2011 season, when it was changed so that the penalty would still be imposed even if a goal was scored. Major penalties, misconduct penalties and match penalties, which are not affected by goals, are enforced in the usual manner, in both college hockey and the NHL, whether or not a goal is scored.
The offending player or players are sent to the penalty box where they must remain until the penalty has expired. Typically a team will not be allowed to replace the penalized player on the ice; the player will return directly to the ice once the penalty has expired. This creates a power play during which the penalized team will have one player fewer than their opponent and is said to be "short-handed". If two players on a team are in the penalty box at the same time, the situation is called a "five on three" (as is customary, the goalies are not counted in this expression) or "two-man advantage". Additional players may be penalized, but a team will never play with fewer than three skaters on the ice. Additional penalties will be delayed until one of the earlier penalties has expired (see stacked penalties below).
In leagues which play with a shorthanded overtime (with only three or four attackers on the ice), should a team be penalized with only three players on the ice, the penalized player may be immediately substituted by the offending team, but an additional skater is then allowed on the other team to create an advantage, until a five-on-three is produced. If a penalty in this situation expires without a goal being scored, the penalized player will be allowed back on the ice and will play normally until there is a stoppage; both teams will then be reduced back to the correct numbers. Ending coincidental penalties produce a similar situation, with both teams playing with additional players until play is stopped, allowing teams to be reduced again.
While goaltenders can be assessed penalties, a goaltender cannot go to the penalty box and the penalty must be instead served by another player from their team who was on the ice at the time of the infraction (the PIM will be charged to the goaltender). If the goaltender receives either (a) three major penalties (NHL Rule 28.2), (b) one game misconduct penalty (NHL Rule 28.4), or (c) one match penalty (NHL Rule 28.5) however, he or she is ejected for the remainder of the game and must be substituted.
While a team is short-handed, they are permitted to ice the puck as they wish, without having the icing infraction called against them. This allows short-handed teams to relieve pressure more easily when defending with fewer skaters than their opponents. This exemption does not apply to teams whose opponents have pulled their goaltender for an extra attacker (unless the defending team is killing a penalty at the same time).
Stacked penalties
A team must have a minimum of three skaters on the ice at all times. If an accumulation of penalties would otherwise force a team to fall below this minimum, the situation becomes known as "stacked penalties". This means that the new penalty will start when one of the already-penalized players causing the disadvantage is allowed back onto the ice, whether the time expires or the opposing team scores on the power play. This also means that the player whose penalty expires first out of the three must wait for a stoppage in play, or the expiration of the second penalty, before leaving the penalty box so that it is appropriately 5 on 3, 5 on 4, and 5 on 5 in succession for each respective situation. Penalties that allow for immediate substitution (certain coincidental penalties and misconduct penalties) do not produce a disadvantage and thus do not count for stacked penalties. Stacked penalties still apply in shorthanded overtimes because two penalties still result in a five-on-three situation regardless of the initial lineup due to the rules allowing an extra attacker as needed.
Final five minutes
In a situation where there are fewer than five minutes remaining in play (the final five minutes of regulation time or the five minutes of regular season overtime), should unequal simultaneous penalties be assessed (a minor or double-minor penalty against one team and a major or match penalty against the other), then instead of both sides serving their full times (which is impossible in the case of the major/match penalty, as fewer than five minutes remain), the minor penalty is cancelled and its time subtracted from the major penalty, which is then assessed against that team.
In addition, under most leagues' "fight instigator" rules, a player penalized as a fight instigator in the final five minutes (or during overtime) is charged with a game misconduct penalty and further disciplinary action. This is intended to discourage "revenge" fights started by badly-losing teams.
List of infractions
In the NHL, infractions that result in penalties include:
Abuse of officials
Arguing with, insulting, using obscene gestures or language directed at or in reference to, or deliberately making violent contact with any on or off-ice official. This generally is issued in addition to other penalties or as a bench penalty against a coach or off-ice player, and is grounds for ejection under a game misconduct or match penalty in most leagues including the NHL.
Aggressor penalty
Assessed to a player who engages in a fight with an unwilling combatant. This is independent of the instigator penalty, and both are usually not assessed to the same player at one time (in that case the player's penalty for fighting is usually escalated to attempt to injure, a match penalty).
Attempt to injure
Deliberately trying to harm an opponent, in any manner. This type of infraction carries an automatic match penalty.
Biting
Carries a major penalty (5:00) and Game Misconduct.
Boarding
Pushing, tripping or checking an opposing player violently into the boards.
Butt-ending (or Stabbing)
Jabbing an opponent with the end of the shaft of the stick. It carries an automatic major penalty and game misconduct.
Broken stick
Engaging in play while holding a broken stick.
Charging
Taking more than three strides or jumping before hitting an opponent.
Checking from behind
Hitting an opponent from behind is illegal. It carries an automatic minor penalty and misconduct, or a major penalty and game misconduct if it results in injury. See checking. This is generally allowed in the NHL unless it's covered by another infraction such as boarding or illegal check to the head.
Clipping
Delivering a check below the knees of an opponent. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Cross-checking
Hitting an opponent with the stick when it is held with two hands and no part of the stick is on the ice.
Delay of game
Stalling the game (for example, shooting the puck out of play from the defensive zone, holding the puck in the hand, refusing to send players out for a faceoff, or even repeated deliberate offsides). Starting in the 2004–05 AHL season and advanced to the NHL in the a year later, an automatic delay of game penalty is charged to goaltenders that go into the corners behind the goal line (outside a trapezoid-shaped area just behind the net) to play the puck. Some delay of game offenses, such as taking too long to send players to take a faceoff, are not punished with a penalty: instead, the official may choose to eject the centre of the offending team from the face-off circle and order him replaced with another player already on the ice. An unsuccessful coach's challenge will result in a minor penalty for delay of game for the first unsuccessful challenge and a double-minor penalty for each additional unsuccessful challenge.
Diving (or "embellishment")
Falling to the ice after a hit, exaggerating the effect of the hit in an attempt to draw a penalty for the opposing team.
Elbowing
Hitting an opponent with the elbow. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Eye-gouging
Carries a major penalty and often a match penalty.
Fighting
Engaging in a physical altercation with an opposing player, usually involving the throwing of punches with gloves removed or worse. Minor altercations such as simple pushing and shoving, and punching with gloves still in place, are generally called as roughing.
Goaltender Interference
Physically impeding or checking the goaltender. Visually impeding the goaltender's view of the play with the body, called "screening", is legal; but at no time may a goaltender be hit or checked.
Goaltender leaving the crease
A goaltender may not leave the vicinity of his crease during an altercation. Once he has left the crease during an altercation, he may be given a penalty.
Head-butting
Hitting an opponent with the head. A match penalty is called for doing so.
High-sticking
Touching an opponent with the stick above shoulder level. A minor penalty is assessed to the player. If blood is drawn, a double-minor (4 minutes) is usually called. A common (yet false) belief is that blood drawn automatically warrants a double-minor. There is no such rule; this is, however, the precedent that has been in place for years. Referees may use their discretion to assess only a minor penalty even though blood was drawn. They may also assess a double-minor when blood is not drawn, if they believe that the player was sufficiently injured or that the offending player used excessively reckless action with his stick. If a player, while in the action of "following through" on a shot, strikes an opposing player in the head or face area with his stick, high sticking is not called unless the referee can determine that the player taking the shot was deliberately aiming to strike the opposing player. A penalty is also not called when the puck is hit by a high stick, but play will be stopped and the ensuing faceoff will take place at a spot which gives the non-offending team an advantage. Also, a goal that is scored by means of hitting the puck with a stick above the height of the crossbar will not be counted unless it is done by a player of the defending team. (Note that the requirements for high-sticking the puck for purposes of allowing/disallowing goal is different from the other forms of high-sticking.) NHL referees can use on-ice video review to confirm or overturn a double-minor high sticking call.
Holding
Grabbing an opponent's body, equipment or clothing with the hands or stick. Generally a minor; USA Hockey rules call for a major and a game misconduct for grabbing and holding a facemask or visor.
Holding the stick
Grabbing and holding an opponent's stick, also called when a player deliberately wrenches a stick from the hands of an opposing player or forces the opponent to drop it by any means that is not any other infraction such as Slashing.
Hooking
Using a stick as a hook to slow an opponent, no contact is required under new standards.
Illegal check to the head
As of the start of the 2010–11 NHL season, any form of "a hit to an opponent, where the player's head is targeted and/or the principal point of contact" is punishable with a combination five-minute major penalty and game misconduct, due to the increasing concern following concussion injuries to NHL players following incidents such as David Booth and Marc Savard's concussions in the 2009–10 NHL season. A second incident of this type caused by the same player in a season (or post-season playoffs) results in an automatic suspension for the following game their team plays, with the potential for increasing durations of suspension from active play, for any subsequent checks to opposing players' head areas. The following season, it was changed to any hit to an opposing player's head that is targeted and the principal point of contact. An illegal check to the head is punishable with either a two-minute minor penalty or a match penalty. In the 2013–14 NHL season, the rule was clarified to "A hit resulting in contact with an opponent's head where the head was the main point of contact and such contact to the head was avoidable is not permitted (known as illegal check to the head). As mentioned before, that is punishable with either a two-minute minor penalty or a match penalty.Rule 48 – Illegal Check to the Head
Illegal equipment
Using equipment that does not meet regulations, either by size (length, width) or number (two sticks) or other guidelines (e.g. a goaltender's facemask can no longer be the "Jason Voorhees"-style form-fit mask, a skater may not have a stick with a curve exceeding 3/4" (19 mm), nor may they play with a goaltender's stick (a goaltender may play with a regular player's stick). If a player (non-goaltender) breaks a stick, it is mandatory to drop the stick immediately and play without it until getting a replacement from the bench. Otherwise a penalty will be assessed to the offending player (some game summaries call this "playing with a broken stick"). In addition, in the NHL a player may not pick a broken stick up off the ground after it has been dropped (they can only receive a stick from another player or from the bench; goaltenders may not go to the bench but must have a stick carried out to them). This rule is generally not enforced in amateur leagues except for broken sticks or egregiously out-of-spec equipment, as the cost of acquiring gear that meets NHL specifications since a 2005 (and further in 2013) rule change is prohibitive, especially for goalies. Goaltenders will now receive a two-game suspension for the use of oversized equipment. Their teams will also be fined $25,000, the trainer will be docked $10,000, the coach and general manager fined $50,000 and the owner fined $100,000.
Instigator penalty
An instigator of an altercation is a player who demonstrates any of the following actions: distance travelled; gloves off first; first punch thrown; menacing attitude. A player deemed an instigator will receive an instigating minor penalty. A player who instigates a fight in the final five minutes of a game (or in overtime in the regular season) will instead be charged a game misconduct and given an automatic one-game suspension. The length of the suspension would double for each additional incident. The player's coach will be fined $10,000, a penalty that would double for each recurrence.
Interference
Impeding an opponent who does not have the puck, or impeding any player from the bench. No contact is required under the new standards.
Joining a fight
Also called the "third man in" rule, the first person who was not part of a fight when it broke out but participates in said fight once it has started for any reason (even to pull the players apart) is charged with an automatic game misconduct in addition to any other penalties they receive for fighting.
Kicking
Kicking an opponent with the skate or skate blade. Kicking carries a match penalty if done with intent to injure, but otherwise carries a major penalty and a game misconduct. (Under Hockey Canada rules, kicking or attempting to kick an opponent always carries a Match Penalty regardless of intent.)
Kneeing
Hitting an opponent with the knee. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Leaving the penalty bench
A penalized player who leaves the penalty bench before his penalty has expired, whether play is in progress or not, shall incur an additional minor penalty after serving his unexpired penalty. Any player who, having entered the penalty bench, leaves the penalty bench prior to the expiration of his penalty for the purpose of challenging an official’s ruling, shall be assessed a game misconduct penalty. He shall also be automatically suspended for at least the next three regular league or playoff games of his club. A player exiting the penalty bench, or player's bench, during an altercation or for the purpose of starting an altercation will be given a game misconduct, and suspended the next 10 games.
Participating in the play beyond the centre red line (goaltender)
A rare infraction, carries a minor penalty and is only assessed against the goaltender.
Playing with too many sticks
When a player plays with more than one stick. For example, if a goaltender were to lose his stick and a player from his team skates over to pick up the goaltender stick and then, while skating back to the goaltender with both sticks, attempts to touch a live puck with either stick, will be called for Playing with too many sticks.
Roughing
Pushing or shoving after the whistle has been blown or when it takes place away from the play (often called against a player from each team, resulting in a coincidental minors situation, but can also be called on a single player); also called when the hands make contact with an opponent's head/face on an otherwise legal check; called in non-checking leagues when a body check is made. Non-checking leagues may also refer to this as simply 'body checking'. In the NHL, a minor penalty for roughing is assessed when a player intentionally removes the helmet of an opponent. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Secondary altercation
This infraction is not listed in the NHL Rulebook, but it is prevalent in the Central Hockey League (United States) and other minor leagues. It is most commonly issued when players engage in or attempt to engage in fight after the original fight (between two separate players). This infraction carries an automatic game misconduct penalty.
Slashing
Swinging a stick at an opponent, no contact is required under new standards. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Slew footing
This occurs when a player uses his feet or knees to knock an opponent's skates out from under him with a kicking or leg dragging motion from behind. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result. Slew footing as a separate infraction does not exist in the USA Hockey rulebook as of 2005-2006[update].
Spearing
Stabbing an opponent with the stick blade. It carries an automatic major penalty and game misconduct.
Starting the wrong lineup
This very rare bench minor penalty is assessed when the offending team's starting lineup contains any player not listed in the lineup submitted before the game. For this to be called, the captain of the non-offending team must bring this breach of the rules to the referee's attention immediately at the first stoppage of play. Also the penalty may be assessed if a player is not put on the scoresheet at the beginning of the game and plays. The only way for this to be called is if the official scorer notifies the referee of this oversight.
Substitution infraction (Illegal Substitution)
This rare bench minor penalty is assessed when a substitution or addition is attempted during a stoppage of play after the linesmen have signaled no more substitutions (once the face-off is set) or if a team pulls its goaltender and then attempts to have the goaltender re-enter play at any time other than during a stoppage of play. Too many men on the ice and/or starting the wrong lineup can also simply be called a substitution infraction.
Throwing the stick/Throwing stick/Throwing equipment
Often accompanied by a penalty shot. If any player on the ice who throws his stick or any part thereof or any other object (i.e. equipment) in the direction of the puck or an opponent in any zone, except when such act has been penalized by the assessment of a penalty shot or the awarding of a goal then a minor penalty will be assessed. Should any player, coach, or non-playing person on the players’ bench or penalty bench throw anything on the ice during the progress of the game or during a stoppage of play, a bench minor penalty unsportsmanlike conduct shall be assessed. Can be upgraded to game misconduct or match penalty depending on severity.
Too many men on the ice
Having more than the allowable number of players (six, including the goaltender, if not already short handed) on the ice involved in the play at any given time. "Involved in the play" is key; players that are entering the ice as substitutes for players coming off (line changing) may enter the ice once the player returning to the bench is less than five feet from his team's bench (Rule 74.1); at that point the returning player is considered out of the play, even if the play passes in front of the bench, unless he actively makes a move for the puck. Players entering the ice are part of the play as soon as their skates touch the ice.
Tripping
Using a stick or one's body to trip an opponent, no contact is required under new standards. If injury results, a major penalty and a game misconduct will result.
Unsportsmanlike conduct
Arguing with a referee, fan, opponent or teammate; using slurs against an opponent, teammate or fan; playing with illegal equipment; making obscene gestures or abusing an official, fan, opponent or teammate. Can carry either a minor, major, misconduct, game misconduct or match penalty, depending on the gravity of the infraction (for instance, using obscene language to a referee initially results in a minor, but making an obscene gesture to an opponent, teammate, fan or official carries a game misconduct.) Also, in some leagues the penalty progression is different for players and team officials (for example, in the USA Hockey rulebook players get a minor for their first infraction, a misconduct for their second and a game misconduct for their third, whereas the option of a misconduct is removed for coaches; in addition, after each penalty for a team official, the penalty count resets itself). Unsportsmanlike conduct may also be called if a player drops gloves and stick in preparation for a fight, but the non-offending player does not drop the corresponding equipment and has committed no action (verbal or physical harassment) to attempt to instigate a fight. Since 2008, the NHL has ruled that standing in front of an opposing goaltender and engaging "in actions such as waving his arms or stick in front of the goaltender's face, for the purpose of improperly interfering with and/or distracting the goaltender" will draw a minor unsportsmanlike conduct penalty, a rule interpretation inspired by the play of Sean Avery against Martin Brodeur.
List of fouls/infractions that result in minor penalties
List of infractions that result in bench minor penalties
List of fouls/infractions that result in major penalties
List of infractions that result in misconduct penalties
List of infractions that result in game misconduct penalties
List of fouls/infractions that result in match penalties
Other leagues typically assess penalties for additional infractions. For example, most adult social leagues and women's hockey leagues ban all body checking (a penalty for roughing or illegal check is called), and in most amateur leagues, any head contact whatsoever results in a penalty. If a player pulls down another female's ponytail, they will be charged with a game misconduct penalty. The foul of moving the goalposts is handled differently from league to league; it has historically been a penalty shot, but after David Leggio began deliberately committing the foul to disrupt scoring opportunities, the American Hockey League declared such an act to be a game misconduct and the Deutsche Eishockey Liga automatically awarded the goal.
Penalty as strategy
Coaches or players may occasionally opt to commit an infraction on purpose. In some cases, it is hoped that the infraction can be concealed from the officials, avoiding a penalty. Gordie Howe was one player renowned for his ability to commit infractions without being called.
Hockey players that opt to commit an infraction despite the punishment do so in order to degrade the opposing team's morale or momentum, or boost their own. This is most common with fighting, because the likely coincidental penalties do not result in a hindrance for their team. Hockey players also sometimes commit infractions with the hope of drawing the other player into committing a retaliatory infraction, and being penalized, while not being caught themselves. Hockey players known as "pests" specialize their game in the strategy of trying to draw opponents into taking a penalty. An example is Sean Avery, who was renowned in his ability to goad opponents into taking penalties as well as making other fundamental mistakes. Some players, coaches, and fans find this technique unsportsmanlike.
It is also not uncommon to see players "dive" or make a borderline hit appear to be a penalty by embellishing or exaggerating their reaction to it; this, however, is a penalty in itself, although it is inconsistently enforced.
Another common reason to commit an infraction is as last resort when an opposing player has a scoring opportunity, when a penalty kill is the preferable alternative to the scoring opportunity. These are referred to on most broadcasts as "good penalties".
Penalty records
NHL
The NHL keeps individual statistics on the penalties each player accrues through the penalties in minutes statistic (abbreviated "PIM"). Players renowned for their fighting or for being dirty players will usually lead their team in PIM and have such statistics highlighted by the media.
The record for the most penalty minutes in one season is held by Dave Schultz of the Philadelphia Flyers, with 472 in the 1974–75 NHL season. The record for most penalty minutes in a career is held by Tiger Williams, who had 3,966 over 14 years. With Zdeno Chara's retirement in 2022, no active player has more than 2,000 penalty minutes.
The most penalties in a single game occurred in a fight-filled match between the Ottawa Senators and Philadelphia Flyers on March 5, 2004, when 419 penalty minutes were handed out. Statistically, a game misconduct counts as 10 penalty minutes, in addition to other penalties handed out. In rare cases (as a result of multiple infractions, for instance the player participating in multiple fights), multiple game misconducts may be handed to a player — that is merely statistical, not (automatically) a multi-game suspension, although the league will often suspend the player in a subsequent decision.[original research?]
Kontinental Hockey League
On 9 January 2010, a massive brawl broke out in an Avangard Omsk game against Vityaz Chekhov. The conflict started during pre-game warm-ups when Darcy Verot intentionally shot a puck at Lasse Kukkonen forcing Alexander Svitov to stand up for his teammate. Soon after the game started, Brandon Sugden challenged Svitov to another fight, which then involved all other eight skaters on the ice. A number of other fights ensued resulting in a bench- and penalty-box clearing. The officials had to suspend the game just after 3:39 in the first period, as there were only four players left to play the game. A world record total of 707 penalty minutes were incurred during the game. Some players were arrested by police. The Kontinental Hockey League imposed heavy fines on both teams, some players and the head coaches as well as disqualifying six of Vityaz's players and Avangard's Dmitry Vlasenkov, who was first to leave the bench during a fight. The game was counted as a 5–0 defeat for both teams with no points being awarded.
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American musician from Omaha, Nebraska
Matt Bowen is an American musician from Omaha, Nebraska. He attended Westside High School in Omaha, Nebraska. Bowen played in The Faint, Commander Venus, Magic Kiss (with future members of Tilly and the Wall), Race For Titles, The Third Men, and briefly in the live version of Fizzle Like A Flood. He currently drums in Little Brazil.
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Italian actor (1959–2018)
Salvatore Cantalupo (8 July 1959 – 13 August 2018) was an Italian actor.
Very active especially in the theater, Cantalupo became known to the general public and the media thanks to the 2008 film Gomorrah directed by Matteo Garrone and based on the novel by Roberto Saviano, in which Cantalupo played the role of Pasquale, a tailor who worked in high fashion, but gets exploited by the Camorra. He was also well known for the role of mayoral candidate Giovanni De Santis, rival of Cetto La Qualunque, in the satyrical film Qualunquemente.
He died on 13 August 2018, at the age of 59, after a short illness.
Partial filmography
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The treatment of and laws concerning non-human animals in Brazil
Animal welfare and rights in Brazil is about the laws concerning and treatment of non-human animals in Brazil. Brazil is a leading producer of animal products, and its allowance of intensive animal farming methods such as extreme confinement make farm animal welfare a major concern.
Compared to other countries, Brazil also uses large numbers of animals for fur and research. Recent years have seen several welfare reforms by the government and major meat producers.
Regulations
Brazil's first animal welfare law was a 1924 decree prohibiting "carrying out any behavior or recreation that cause[s] suffering to animals." A more comprehensive 1934 decree stipulated that animals not be overworked or kept where they cannot breathe properly, move, or rest, or are deprived of air or light, and that animals be given a quick death (whether or not they are for human consumption). The decree also prohibits abandoning a sick, injured or mutilated animal and failing to provide an animal with "all that is necessary", including veterinary assistance. Lawyers from the Public Ministry or from animal protection organizations are allowed to assist animals in court, giving animals a degree of legal standing which they lack in many countries such as the United States.
Brazil's constitution (1988) states that the government must protect animals from cruelty. In 1997 this constitutional protection was invoked in a historic decision by the Brazilian Supreme Court to uphold a ban on Farra do Boi, a festival involving the torture and killing of bulls and oxen in the state of Santa Catarina.
A 1998 law prohibits the abuse of domestic and wild animals. It imposes more serious penalties for cruelty than the 1934 decree, with a sentence of 3 months to a year plus a fine, with the penalty increased by one-sixth to one-third if the animal is killed. A 2012 update to the Penal Code increased the penalty for cruelty from 3 months–1 year to 1–4 years, and up to 6 years if the animal is killed.
The 1998 does not specifically address farm animals. A 2000 Normative Instruction regulates pre-slaughter handling and slaughter methods, stating handling must minimize stress and forbids the use of "aggressive instruments in slaughter". 2008 instructions establish procedures for rearing and transporting animals and provide for the production of Manuals of Good Practice (whose adoption is voluntary). In that year the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Food Supply established the Permanent Technical Commission of Animal Welfare, whose tasks include the promotion of animal welfare-related events, the training of those involved in the livestock chain, and the publication and dissemination of technical material on animal welfare.
Birds, which make up the large majority of land animals slaughtered for food in Brazil, are exempt from laws governing transport or export that affect animal welfare.
In 2008 Brazil passed its first federal regulation specifically addressing animals in scientific research. The 2008 law provides for the creation of a National Animal Control and Experimentation Committee and institutional Ethical Committees on Animal Use, which are to follow the principles of the Three Rs: replacement of animals with non-animal methods, reduction of the number of animals used, and refinement of techniques used on animals.
In 2014, Brazil banned most animal cosmetics testing, though testing ingredients with unknown effects on animals is allowed, as is testing on animals in other countries and selling the resulting products in Brazil.
In 2014, Brazil received a C out of possible grades A,B,C,D,E,F,G on World Animal Protection's Animal Protection Index.
In September 29th of 2020, president Jair Bolsonaro sanctioned a law that imposes more severe punishment for mistreatment of animals, namely dogs and cats. It increases the penalty to 2–5 years of imprisonment and a fine, and forbids the convict to own animals.
Animals used for food
Agriculture and animals
A 2014 source states that Brazil has the world's second-largest cattle herd (behind India) at 187 million animals. In 2009 Brazil had the fourth-largest chicken population (behind China, the U.S., and Indonesia) at around 1.2 billion.
A 2012 report states that Brazil is the fifth-largest producer of pig meat, fourth-largest producer of turkey meat, third-largest producer of chicken meat, and second-largest producer of cattle meat.
A 2014 source states that Brazil is the second-largest fish consumer in the world (behind Japan) at 12 kg per person per year. Brazil produces about 1.25 million tons of fish per year, with around 38% coming from aquaculture.
Intensive animal farming
Brazilian animal farms have been shifting towards a confinement model. Battery cages, gestation crates, and veal crates - systems of extreme confinement - are legal in Brazil. At any given time, there are over 70 million egg-laying hens living in battery cages and almost 1.5 million breeding sows in gestation crates.
In 2014, BRF - Brazil's largest pork producer - committed to phasing out the continuous use of gestation crates from its supply chain by 2026. In 2015, JBS - the world's largest animal protein processing company - announced plans to phase out all use of gestation crates at company-owned facilities by 2016, and the Brazilian Pork Producers Association announced that it will lead a study concerning a transition to higher-welfare group housing systems.
Transport and animals
The welfare of animals in transport is a major issue. Brazil is the world's leading exporter of live cattle and chicken Exported animals face severe welfare threats, as highlighted by the 2012 incident in which 2700 cattle died in the heat on a vessel attempting to unload at ports in the Middle East. Transport within Brazil is also a problem. Poor road conditions and weather often make journeys to the slaughterhouse last sixty or more hours, leading to extreme stress and death for the animals.
Government involvement
The government actively encourages the growth of the animal agriculture industry. From 2007-2009 the Brazilian National Development Bank invested $2.65 billion in the country's three largest beef suppliers. In 2010, the Agriculture and Livestock Plan doubled the credits available to the industry. In 2012, the government announced a plan to invest $2 billion until 2014 "to double catches and reach two million tons of fish annually."
Vegetarianism and veganism
In a 2012 survey of Brazilians, approximately 8% of respondents identified as vegetarian. The percentage of vegetarians was higher among those 65–75 years old (10%) than those aged 20–24 (7%). The study did not measure the number of vegans.
Animals used for clothing
Brazil is one of the biggest producers of chinchilla fur in the world.
In 2014 the state of Sao Paulo banned most fur farming, imposing a fine of at least 10,000 reais (approximately 2880 USD) for offenders.
Animals used in science
A total of 3,497,653 animals were used in research published in 18 journals in the State of Paraná in 2006. From this the authors conclude that "it can be extrapolated that, in the whole of Brazil, the total number of animals used every year is extremely high in terms of the worldwide use of animals in experimentation."
Animal personhood
In 2005, a writ of habeas corpus was requested for Suíça, a chimpanzee caged in allegedly inadequate conditions at a zoo. The court agreed to hear the case, but Suica died before a decision could be made. According to Gordilho, "This was the first case that recognised a chimpanzee as a plaintiff that achieved standing in a court of law through representatives."
Several years earlier, a habeas corpus petition to release a caged bird had been dismissed.
Aftermath, these activists founded a peer-reviewed open access academic journal, which is named as Brazilian Animal Law Journal (In Portuguese: Revista Brasileira de Direito Animal). This journal is the first academic journal of Latin America specialized in Animal Law.
Animal activism
According to World Animal Protection, Brazil has "a thriving animal protection movement dating back to the 19th century." Two Brazilian groups were represented at the 1910 International Congress of animal protection organizations in Washington, D.C. (compared with much larger delegations from Europe, the U.S., and Canada).
The Brazilian No More Cruelty! movement is aimed at increasing sentences for animal cruelty. In January 2012, in over 150 cities thousands of protesters marched under the No More Cruelty! slogan. On Paulista Avenue, São Paulo alone there were 10,000 protesters. Later that year, changes to the Penal Code included an increase in the penalty for cruelty from 3 months-1 year to 1–4 years, and up to 6 years if the animal is killed. Sentences of 1–4 years were assigned to neglect and abandonment, promoting or participating in cockfighting was given up to 6 years. In 2013, No More Cruelty! protests were again held in over 165 cities.
Domestic animal protection organizations include ProAnima, which focuses on ending the use of animals in circuses and horse carting and stopping the slaughter of street dogs and cats, and Fórum Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Animal, which addresses a range of companion and farm animal issues. Both were involved in the Be Cruelty-Free Brazil campaign to ban cosmetics testing.
Humane Society International is active in Brazil, having led the Be Cruelty-Free Brazil campaign which resulted in the partial ban on cosmetics testing and working with civil societies to promote Meatless Monday.
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35874610-d600-4770-955a-17690ed63d55
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/125_West_55th_Street"}
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Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York
125 West 55th Street, also known as Avenue of the Americas Plaza, is a 23-story, 575,000-square-foot (53,400 m2) office building located on 55th Street between the Avenue of the Americas (Sixth Avenue) and Seventh Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building also has an entrance at 120 West 56th Street, across the street from the Le Parker Meridien Hotel.
The facility, with 570,000 square feet (53,000 m2) of rentable office space, was developed by The Macklowe Organization. The building, designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes and John MY Lee Architects, has 23,000-square-foot (2,100 m2) floorplates. The second floor of the building houses Air France's United States executive offices. Macquarie Bank houses its New York representative office in the building. Boston Properties currently owns and manages the building. The building also houses offices of Katz Media Group, a division of iHeartMedia.
History
Development
The building, constructed by Fisher Brothers, cost $60 million in 1988 dollars. The Saint Thomas Choir School previously occupied the site, and moved into a new building at 202 West 58th Street.
Construction on 125 West 55th Street began in 1988. In order to capitalize on a City of New York zoning bonus, the developers planned to have the building's foundation installed by May 13, 1988; buildings in the area installed before a deadline in the northern hemisphere spring of 1988 received a 20% increase in size in order to spur development of western Midtown Manhattan. The developers planned to have tenants begin occupying the building in May 1989. The building was completed in 1990.
Use
In 1991, Air France leased 29,500 square feet (2,740 m2) of space in the building. As of July 10, 1991, it was the largest lease in Manhattan in the year 1991. The airline had planned to move its Northeast United States headquarters, its U.S. reservation center, and its New York City ticket office to the building beginning in 1992. The lease included 27,000 square feet (2,500 m2) of office space on the building's second floor and 2,500 square feet (230 m2) of retail space on the first floor. Air France had its previous ticket office at 666 Fifth Avenue and its previous reservation department at 888 Seventh Avenue, and wanted a larger ticket office facility and overhauled reservation department offices. It moved both departments into 125 West 55th Street. Air France opted to move into 125 West 55th Street instead of spending $2.5 million to upgrade the telecommunications systems and remove asbestos at 888 Seventh Avenue; 125 West 55th Street came with the latest fiber optics systems and did not have asbestos. Air France has since closed the street-level retail ticket office.
Around the same time, Katz Media Group signed a lease for 170,000 square feet (16,000 m2) of space in the building. As of November 24, 1991, the Katz lease was the fourth largest lease in New York City. During that year the National Bank of Canada and Credietbank were tenants in the building.
In the summer of 1992, LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby & MacRae moved 1,200 employees into the building. The firm had consolidated from several previous locations, and occupied eight floors and the concourse level. The 20-year lease was for 224,000 square feet (20,800 m2) of space. The LeBouef deal, signed in 1991, was that year's second largest lease in New York City as of November 24, 1991.
Boston Properties acquired the building in 2008, for $444 million. In 2010, Katz Media Group renewed its lease until 2027, giving Katz more than one-third of the building space, with about 200,000 square feet (19,000 m2). In 2010 MetLife refinanced a portion of the debt of the building. As of 2011 the building was worth $345 million. In 2011 a former deputy of Harry Macklowe, former head of the Macklowe Group, filed a lawsuit against Macklowe, saying that Macklowe did not share the proceeds of the sale of 125 West 55th Street.
Design
Thomas L. Waite of The New York Times said in 1988, before the completion of the building, that the blue glass sheathing around it "may give it a pastoral sheen." Waite said that the design of 125 West 55th Street is similar to that of the Metropolitan Tower.
Tenants
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54412bd3-ec5f-436b-8a7e-c68394191ed8
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Maria_Holzapfel"}
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Austrian philosopher
Rudolf Maria Holzapfel (1874, Cracow – 1930, Muri (Kanton Bern)) was a Poland-born Austrian psychologist, philosopher. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times.
Literary works
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5074852b-7105-4103-b472-e29473f5188c
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/76th_Academy_Awards"}
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Award ceremony for films of 2003
The 76th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 2003 and took place on February 29, 2004, at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles beginning at 5:30 p.m. PST / 8:30 p.m. EST. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Joe Roth and was directed by Louis J. Horvitz. Actor Billy Crystal hosted for the eighth time. He first presided over the 62nd ceremony held in 1990 and had last hosted the 72nd ceremony held in 2000. Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Ritz-Carlton Huntington Hotel & Spa in Pasadena, California held on February 14, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Jennifer Garner.
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King won a record-tying eleven awards including Best Director for Peter Jackson and Best Picture. Other winners included Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World and Mystic River with two awards and The Barbarian Invasions, Chernobyl Heart, Cold Mountain, Finding Nemo, The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara, Harvie Krumpet, Lost in Translation, Monster, and Two Soldiers with one. The telecast garnered nearly 44 million viewers in North America the United States, making it the most-watched telecast in four years.
Winners and nominees
The nominees for the 76th Academy Awards were announced on Tuesday January 27, 2004, at 5:38 a.m. PST (13:38 UTC) at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Frank Pierson, president of the Academy, and the actress Sigourney Weaver. The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King received the most nominations with eleven; Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World came in second with ten.
The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on Sunday February 29, 2004. With eleven awards, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King tied with Ben-Hur and Titanic as the most awarded films in Oscar history. Moreover, its clean sweep of its eleven nominations surpassed Gigi and The Last Emperor's nine awards for the largest sweep for a single film in Oscar history. The film was also the tenth film to win Best Picture without any acting nominations. Best Director nominee Sofia Coppola became the first American woman and third woman overall to be nominated in that category. By virtue of her father, Francis Ford Coppola and her grandfather, Carmine's previous wins, her victory in the Original Screenplay category made her the second third-generation Oscar winner in history. At age thirteen, Best Actress nominee Keisha Castle-Hughes became the youngest nominee in that category until being surpassed by Quvenzhané Wallis, who was nine at the time of her nomination, in 2013. With Sean Penn and Tim Robbins's respective wins in the Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor categories, Mystic River became the fourth film to win both male acting awards.
Awards
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (
).
Academy Honorary Award
Films with multiple nominations and awards
Presenters and performers
The following individuals presented awards or performed individual numbers.
Presenters (in order of appearance)
Performers (in order of appearance)
Ceremony information
In light of the record low viewership from the preceding year's ceremony, the Academy sought to make several changes and hire a new producer for the upcoming show. AMPAS announced that unlike previous years where the ceremony typically was held in either late March or early April, the festivities would be held in late February. AMPAS director of communications John Pavlik explained that the purpose of moving the telecast a month earlier was "to bolster the ceremony's sagging television ratings and protect the Oscar's status as the nation's pre-eminent awards event." Despite several Academy officials denying such reasons, some industry insiders speculated that the earlier Oscar date was also implemented to mitigate the intense campaigning and lobbying during Oscar season put forth by film studios. This marked the first time since the 14th ceremony that the awards were held outside the aforementioned time frame.
In August 2003, the Academy hired film producer Joe Roth to oversee production of the ceremony. The following month, Roth recruited veteran Oscar host Billy Crystal to emcee the awards gala for the eighth time. To stir interest surrounding the awards, Roth produced three trailers promoting the ceremony that each was set to different pop tunes (Madonna's "Hollywood", OutKast's "Hey Ya!", and Pink's "Get the Party Started"). The trailers contained clips of previous ceremonies with slogans such as "Expected the unexpected" and "It's Oscar night" occasionally flashing between scenes. These promotional spots were shown at movie theaters, on several cable channels, and at participating Blockbuster stores. The Academy also granted talk show host Oprah Winfrey unprecedented access to rehearsals and meetings as part of a month-long series on her eponymous talk show covering behind the scenes preparation of the telecast.
MPAA ban on screeners
In September 2003, the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) initially banned distribution of screeners to awards groups, citing fears of piracy. Many independent film studios and prominent film directors objected to this decision charging that this would hurt smaller films for Oscar consideration since they heavily rely on screeners to lure Academy members' attention. The following month, AMPAS and the MPAA reached an agreement in which Academy members would receive the screeners on the condition that they keep them out of reach from people unaffiliated with AMPAS. In December 2003, a federal judge in New York overturned the ban citing that it violated federal antitrust laws.
Box office performance of nominated films
At the time of the nominations announcement on January 27, the combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees was $638 million with an average of $127 million per film. The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $338.3 million in domestic box office receipts. The film was followed by Seabiscuit ($120.2 million), Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World ($85.3 million), Mystic River ($59.1 million), and finally Lost in Translation ($34.8 million).
Of the top 50 grossing movies of the year, 45 nominations went to 10 films on the list. Only Finding Nemo (1st), The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King (2nd), Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (3rd), Seabiscuit (16th), Something's Gotta Give (21st), The Last Samurai (23rd), Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (31st), Brother Bear (32nd) Cold Mountain (37th), and Mystic River (46th) were nominated for Best Picture, Best Animated Feature, or any of the directing, acting, or screenwriting.
Tape delay implementation
In light of the controversy surrounding the halftime show during Super Bowl XXXVIII, network ABC implemented a five-second tape delay to ensure that profanity and obscenity were not seen or heard. AMPAS president Frank Pierson protested this decision in a written statement, stating, "Even a very brief tape-delay introduces a form of censorship into the broadcast—not direct governmental control, but it means that a network representative is in effect guessing at what a government might tolerate, which can be even worse." In response, producer Joe Roth reiterated that censorship would only be applied to profanity and not political speeches.
Critical reviews
The show received a mixed reception from media publications. Chicago Tribune television critic Steve Johnson lamented that the show "felt almost numbingly familiar and disappointingly genteel." He also criticized broadcaster ABC's decision to implement the five-second tape delay. Tom Shales of The Washington Post quipped that the ceremony "was about as entertaining as watching Jell-O congeal." He also added that the lack of surprises among the awards contributed to the dull atmosphere of the telecast. Columnist Tim Goodman of San Francisco Chronicle bemoaned, "The 76th annual Academy Awards dragged on without much drama or comedy, sucking the life out of the event even while it was doing justice to the masterpiece that is The Lord of the Rings."
Other media outlets received the broadcast more positively. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly praised Crystal's hosting performance saying that he "has located the perfect middle ground between Steve Martin's adroit silliness and Whoopi Goldberg's unapologetic hamminess." On the show itself, he said that it "managed to do what Hollywood may not have: convince us that this was a great year for the movies." Film critic Andrew Sarris of The New York Observer wrote that the show was "the funniest and least tedious in memory." He also extolled producer Joe Roth by concluding, "As far as this old critic's concerned, Mr. Roth, you did a fine job." USA Today critic Robert Bianco commented that despite the lack of suspense due to the Lord of the Rings sweep of the awards "Crystal was able to lace funny bits throughout the evening." He further lauded the show as "more glamorous and upbeat than last year's war-muted event, and decently paced."
Ratings and reception
The American telecast on ABC drew in an average of 43.56 million people over its length, which was a 26% increase from the previous year's ceremony. An estimated 73.89 million total viewers watched all or part of the awards. The show also earned higher Nielsen ratings compared to the previous ceremony with 26.68% of households watching over a 41.84 share. In addition, it garnered a higher 18–49 demo rating with a 15.48 rating over a 38.79 share among viewers in that demographic. It was the highest viewership for an Academy Award telecast since the 72nd ceremony held in 2000.
In July 2004, the ceremony presentation received nine nominations at the 56th Primetime Emmys. Two months later, the ceremony won one of those nominations for Louis J. Horvitz's direction of the telecast.
In Memoriam
The annual In Memoriam tribute was presented by Academy President Frank Pierson. The montage featured an excerpt of "The Love of the Princess" from The Thief of Bagdad, composed by Miklós Rózsa (Ben-Hur, Spellbound, Quo Vadis, King of Kings, El Cid).
A separate tribute to comedian, actor, and veteran Oscar host Bob Hope was presented by Tom Hanks. Later, actress Julia Roberts presented one to actress Katharine Hepburn.
Bibliography
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantasio_(opera)"}
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Opéra comique by Jacques Offenbach
Fantasio is an 1872 opéra comique in 3 acts, 4 tableaux with music by Jacques Offenbach. The French libretto by Paul de Musset was closely based on the 1834 play of the same name by his brother Alfred de Musset. The opera found little success in Offenbach's lifetime, was revived in the 1930s and performed in a critical edition in the 2000s.
Background
The Musset play was published in the Revue des deux Mondes in 1834 and first performed at the Comédie-Française, Paris in 1866 where it was seen 30 times. Two "new" works were scheduled for the Salle Favart (Opéra-Comique) in 1872 as it regained momentum after the Franco-Prussian War and the Commune; Fantasio by Offenbach and les Noces de Figaro, Mozart's opera after Beaumarchais, which entered the Opéra Comique repertoire that February.
The choice of Fantasio as an operatic subject was considered a bold one, as Alfred de Musset's comedy had not seen great success at the Comédie-Française as a play. Rehearsals for the opera had begun in early 1870, but the Franco-Prussian War and the aftermath of defeat had delayed production for two years. At first the distribution was intended to be Capoul as a tenor Fantasio, Couderc as the Prince, Potel as Marinoni, Gailhard as Spark, Mlle Dalti as Elsbeth and Moisset as the page. However, at the premiere, two years on, only Moisset and Potel remained in their roles; Galli-Marié took over the title role, now a mezzo-soprano, Ismaël took over as the Prince, Melchissédec Marinoni, and Marguerite Priola Elsbeth.
Since his early successes in Paris, Offenbach had been the target of many vicious attacks in the press, and these had intensified during the Franco-Prussian War. Even Bizet was reduced to attacking the "infernal Offenbach", who had Boule de neige and Le roi Carotte premiered in the weeks prior to Fantasio. With Fantasio the criticism of wanting to conquer the Opéra-Comique was added to previous attacks. Yon argues that Offenbach's sensitivity to criticism was also due to his identification with the title character of Fantasio – the bitter clown.
Offenbach was heartbroken when the opera was taken off and wrote a letter of complaint to the director of the Opéra-Comique, Camille du Locle. He later re-used the chorus of students from the first act of Fantasio in The Tales of Hoffmann, where it becomes the student chorus at the end of that opera's first act, and the voice of Antonia's mother in act 3 of Hoffmann enters with a theme from the overture of Fantasio.
The work is dedicated to Eduard Hanslick.
Performance history
After its premiere at the Opéra-Comique (where it was only performed ten times before being dropped from the repertoire), Fantasio was produced at the Theater an der Wien on 21 February 1872, and also seen in Graz and Prague in October 1872, and Berlin in 1873. A revival in a new version was mounted in Magdeburg in June 1927 as Der Narr der Prinzessin.
It was revived in October 2000 at the Opéra de Rennes [fr] in a version reassembled by Jean-Christophe Keck, conducted by Claude Schnitzler, in a production by Vincent Vittoz, and toured to Tours, Nantes and Angers. Martial Defontaine (tenor) was Fantasio and Iane Rouleau sang Elsbeth. The opera was also performed at the summer festival of Opernbühne Bad Aibling in 2003, with Johann Winzer (tenor) as Fantasio and Uta Bodensohn as Elsbeth. A Suite Orchestrale from the opera was performed at the Opéra-Comique in December 2009.
Fantasio was performed in concert by Opera Rara with the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment conducted by Sir Mark Elder, at the Royal Festival Hall, London on 15 December 2013, with Sarah Connolly (Fantasio), Brenda Rae (Elsbeth), Victoria Simmonds (Flamel), Russell Braun (Le Prince), Neal Davies (Sparck) and Brindley Sherratt (Le Roi) and a recording with the same cast was published in 2014.
Keck argues that one reason for the neglect of Fantasio was that it has been difficult to locate a performing edition; only a vocal score was published at the time of the premiere, along with a corrupt and re-orchestrated German version. Keck's researches have assembled many difficult to access manuscripts for a projected critical edition (Offenbach Edition Keck – OEK), leading to his claim that Fantasio is a rich and rounded masterpiece by the composer, and an important step towards his opera The Tales of Hoffmann.
A new production of Fantasio by the Opéra-Comique was presented at the Théâtre du Châtelet, Paris, in February 2017 with Marianne Crebassa in the title role, with the intention of touring to Rouen, Montpellier and Zagreb. The production by the Orchestre National Montpellier was performed at the Opéra Comédie, Montpellier in December 2018 and January 2019 with the title role played by Rihab Chaieb under the musical direction of Pierre Dumoussaud.
In an English version by Jeremy Sams, the work was seen at the 2019 Garsington festival, conducted by Justin Doyle, with Hanna Hipp as Fantasio and Jennifer France as Elsbeth.
Roles
Synopsis
Act 1
A public square at dusk; palace gates and a terrace on one side, on the other a tavern and a tailor's shop
Townspeople sing joyfully of the peace that will follow the imminent wedding of the prince of Mantua and the princess of Bavaria. Young people look forward to songs and dancing, and a group of prisoners released by the King celebrate. A group of impoverished students, Spark, Hartmann and Facio, enter hoping also to share in some fun while contemptuous of the townspeople. The King and his guards emerge from the palace. The King announces the arrival of the prince of Mantua to wed his daughter Elsbeth and encourages the celebration. A courtier explains that Elsbeth is grieving on the death of the court jester of whom she was fond. Marinoni, the prince of Mantua's aide-de-camp, enquires about the festivities and the princess, but is mocked by the students. Fantasio enters and sings a ballad to the moon. The page of Elsbeth enters to tell the students to keep their voices down as they will disturb the princess; they enter the tavern. Elsbeth sings of her wonder at the change in her life, but Fantasio enters unseen and asks her if she is really in love – with a complete stranger. Elsbeth, startled, leaves repeating Fantasio's words. When Spark joins his friend Fantasio talks extravagantly of his feelings. Soon the funeral cortege of court jester St Jean passes by and Fantasio has the idea to take the appearance of the jester to gain access to the princess, and he and Spark enter the nearby tailor's shop to get the costume. This will also help him avoid being arrested for his debts by the police. The fatuous prince of Mantua and his aide Marinoni enter, and the prince, wanting to discover the real thoughts and feelings of his future wife determines to dress as a servant to find out; he and Marinoni exit to exchange their clothes. The students come in singing and Fantasio re-appears dressed as the old jester. Two sentries mistakenly let him into the palace grounds and he looks forward to his adventure and to meeting Elsbeth again.
Act 2
Palace gardens
Elsbeth, her page and the ladies of the court are walking in the palace grounds. She does not want to talk about her future marriage but of the poor jester whom she so admired. She sends the others away but then discovers Fantasio who amuses her with his banter about the flowers; she is intrigued by the unknown jester. The king, the prince and Marinoni (disguised as each other) enter. Elsbeth is not impressed by the aide-de-camp's song. When she and Fantasio are alone he casts more doubt in her mind about going ahead with the liaison with the prince, and she longs for a reason to delay the union. The court enter and while Marinoni (as the prince) sings her a pompous song in praise of beauty Fantasio climbs a tree and with a stick lifts the wig from the head of the false prince. The marriage of the Mantuan prince is immediately compromised but Fantasio is taken away.
Act 3
1st tableau – a prison
Fantasio is delighted to have wrecked the wedding plans, but when Elsbeth visits him in his prison cell she says she must go ahead with the marriage to the prince of Mantua to avoid a diplomatic quarrel and help bring peace between the two kingdoms. Fantasio takes off all his disguise and sings his ballad from act 1. Hearing this romance she is moved, decides to help him elude the guards – who expect to see a hump-back jester, but not a young man – and gives him a key to the gardens.
2nd tableau – the courtyard in front of the king's palace
Back in his student clothes Fantasio calms his friends who were planning to get him out the palace prison and clamoring for revenge. Meanwhile the king and the prince are preparing to declare war. Fantasio challenges the prince of Mantua to a duel but the prince backs off, preferring to renounce marriage with Elsbeth and return to Mantua. Fantasio, whom the students have named "king of fools", pleads for peace, is pardoned by the king and Elsbeth names him prince for having avoided war. Fantasio offers her to return the key to the palace gardens she had given him, but she asks him to keep it.
Recording
Sarah Connolly (Fantasio), Brenda Rae (Elsbeth), Brindley Sherrat (The King of Bavaria), Russell Braun (The Prince of Mantua), Robert Murray (Marinoni), Victoria Simmonds (Flamel), Neal Davies (Spark). Mark Elder conducts the Opera Rara Chorus and the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment. Recorded December 2013, released 2014. CD Opera Rara Cat:ORC351.
In 1959 Erato issued a recording of Camille Maurane and György Sebők performing the Ballade à la lune. More recently Anne Sophie von Otter and Marianne Crebassa have also recorded this excerpt.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claiborne"}
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Look up Claiborne in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Claiborne may refer to:
People
Surname
Given name
Places in the United States
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Bayard"}
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Marcel Bayard (1895-1956) was a French mathematician and telecommunications engineer. He made pioneering contributions to the telecommunications theory in the 1930s. As Chief Engineer of French telecommunications after World War II, he supervised and modernized the French telecommunications system.
Biography
Born in 1895, son of a farmer, he obtained his baccalauréat in 1914. He served as young officer during the World War I where he was seriously wounded and received the Croix de Guerre. He entered the École polytechnique in 1919.
In 1923 he became an engineer in the French PTT and started his career by supervising submarine cable installations. As professor at the École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, he published several noted scientific papers. He was the first to establish in 1935 what is called the “Bayard-Bode relations” (relations linking Phase and Amplitude of a signal in specific cases. He also wrote the theorical electricity lessons for the École nationale supérieure des télécommunications where he was the first in France to introduce the matrix calculations for electrical network theory.
He represented France in international telecommunications committees in the 1930s.
After World War II, he was responsible for rebuilding and modernizing the French telecommunications network.
Membership & Honors
Legacy
Publications
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American politician
Robby Carter (born October 20, 1960) is an American politician who has served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 72nd district since 2016. He previously served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1996 to 2008.
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The Swedish Lutheran Publication Society was a publishing organization which was founded by Tuve Hasselquist in Galesburg, Illinois. It was then reorganized and moved to Chicago in 1859. It was severely damaged in the Chicago fire of 1871, but the society and its successors were responsible for publishing most of the Swedish-language books in the United States in the era. Beginning in the late 1850s, the society published periodicals, first the Minnesota Posten and later the originally independent Det Rätta Hemlandet which moved beyond church news, becoming a political newspaper later in the 19th century.
The society's publications were mostly hymnals and other Lutheran church materials.
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Rural municipality in Karnali Province, Nepal
Siddha Kumakh (Nepali: सिद्ध कुमाख गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality located in Salyan District of Karnali Province of Nepal.
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American musician (1926–2020)
William Whitney Pursell (June 9, 1926 – September 3, 2020) was an American composer and onetime session pianist. He had a brief but successful career as a pop musician before continuing on as a session player. Pursell is best known for the top ten hit "Our Winter Love."
Life
Pursell was born in Oakland, California, and raised in Tulare. He studied composition at The Peabody Institute of Music in Baltimore and arranged for the U.S. Air Force Band while serving in World War II. Pursell studied classical composition under Howard Hanson at the Eastman School of Music and earned a master's degree in composition in the mid-fifties. His symphonic poem "Christ Looking Over Jerusalem" (the first movement of "Three Biblical Scenes for Orchestra") was the inaugural recipient of the Edward B. Benjamin Prize in 1953. Later that decade, he worked with the Nashville Symphony Orchestra and taught at Tennessee State University and Vanderbilt University.
In 1962, he signed with Columbia Records, and the hit single "Our Winter Love" was released that year, which hit No. 9 on the Billboard Hot 100, in addition to hitting No. 4 on the Easy Listening chart and No. 20 on the R&B Singles chart. A full-length album entitled Our Winter Love was released the following year. The album reached #15 on the Billboard 200 on the strength of the popularity of the title track. The arrangements for the album were made by Bill Justis and Pursell, and the orchestra was conducted by Grady Martin.
His follow-up single "Loved" reached Billboard position 121. Pursell later recorded for Epic, Henry Stone's Alston, and Dot, but never hit the pop charts again. He played piano on many of Johnny Cash's albums in the 1960s, and worked as a session musician and arranger for Patsy Cline, Johnny Paycheck, Hoover, Joan Baez, Eric Andersen, Scotty Moore, J.J. Cale, Willie Nelson, Dan Fogelberg, and others. In 1985, Pursell was named Composer of the Year by the Tennessee Music Teachers Association.
Pursell became a member of the faculty of the School of Music at Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1980. In 1996, he completed his Doctor of Musical Arts degree (DMA) at Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York.
Death
On September 3, 2020, Pursell's daughter, Laura, announced on Facebook that he had died at Vanderbilt Hospital in Nashville after contracting COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee and developing pneumonia. He was 94.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floq,_C%C3%ABrrik"}
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Village in Elbasan, Albania
Floq is a village in the former municipality of Klos, Elbasan County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Cërrik.
Floq contains vast amount of land which its residents use for produce such as grapes, corn, wheat, apple, plumb, cherry & fig trees, along with other various produce. The main product in Floq is the traditional Raki and Wine which is locally produced and sold on to third party. Over the last few years residents have started to sell the grape produce directly to clients instead of producing Raki and Wine themselves to reduce their expenses.
Road
At the beginning of June[when?] preparations were being made to re-construct the road between the village up to the main road leading through Trunc to Gostime with asphalt. Currently the road is being completed and there is not current projected completed date; however, it will likely be in August or September.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Cole_(stockman)"}
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Thomas Ernest Cole OAM (28 February 1906 – 9 December 1995) was a labourer, stockman, buffalo hunter, crocodile shooter, coffee grower and writer who rode the Australian Northern Territory outback.
Early life
Cole was born on 28 February 1906 in London, the eldest son of Ernest Cole and Adelaide Arundel. In 1923, after a falling out with his father and following World War I, he sailed on board Ormuz to Australia.
Outback life
Cole has been described as the original Australian crocodile dundee, a buffalo shooter, a crocodile hunter and a horseman of the Australian outback.
Cole had started out in Queensland in the Blackall Ranges as a rouseabout or stockman, moving from here to Lake Nash in the Northern Territory and then onto droving cattle down the Birdsville delivering cattle to other states in Australia. He met and worked for many of the big cattle properties.
Cole became acquainted and worked for Jim and Paddy Ambrose from Banka Banka station (Chapter 8 of Hell West and Crooked). He did not have any horse breaking experience until he met Jim and Paddy and had only helped out a few times but was anxious to get the experience.
Cole was put to the task of breaking in horses for Jim and Paddy Ambrose. He broke in horses and was given the pick of one for every four that he broke in.
Cole would also later race horses named Curio and Black Watch at the race at Barrow Creek. Cole and the Ambroses travelled more than 200 miles for the annual race. Arriving at the race Cole thought it was unspirited that a race be convened without booze. A would-be publican had bought a two tonne truck full of liquor and expecting to make a 300% profit, Paddy and Jim purchased the entire outfit, lock-stock-barrel and bottle. The Banka-Banka encampment then became host for the rest of the meeting and were deemed by the rest of the race meeting as "terribly good fellows". Cole rode in three races and managed a 2nd and a 3rd and whilst not winning a race, Jim Ambrose told him "it's the booze and the company that counts".
Cole worked at many jobs in these first few years a cook at Brunette Downs to a position on one of Sidney Kidman's properties. By 1928 he was appointed Head Stockman at Wave Hill Station one of the Vestey's properties. Cole moved around the stations in the early 1930s as a horse breaker with Vestey's.
By 1932 Cole tried buffalo hunting with Harry Hardy and sold horses to other shooters. He continued buffalo hunting, acquiring a lease at Kapalga, near the Wildman River and then in 1937 buying properties near Pine Creek, Goodparla and Esmeralda which his partner stocked with cattle. Gold deposits were later mined at Esmeralda. In 1932, Cole was at Kapalga where he received word from Jack Hales on the Maroubra about two pearling luggers Raf and Myrtle Olpa which had called into Caledon Bay on the Arnhem Coast and the entire crew had been speared. He heard more about the massacre from other lugger crews that called in to load his hides.
New Guinea
Cole moved to Papua New Guinea in 1950, where he worked as a professional crocodile shooter. He was granted land in 1955 and developed a coffee plantation. He also worked a sawmill for a time.
Later life
Cole returned to Australia after 30 years in Papua New Guinea and began writing memoirs.
In 1994 Cole was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for his contribution to history. His publication, Hell West and Crooked sold over 100,000 copies.
Cole died on 9 December 1995, survived by his three daughters. His wife predeceased him in 1987.
Bibliography
Books written by Cole include:
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Class of 22 Australian electric locomotives
The 3300/3400 class are a class of electric locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Kelso and Somerton for Queensland Rail in 1994-1995.
History
To provide more locomotives with the impending opening of the Ensham coal mine, Clyde Engineering were awarded a contract to build 13 3300/3400 class electric locomotives. This was later extended to 22. The 3300/3400 class was an evolution of the 3100/3200 class. All were originally to be assembled at Clyde's Kelso, New South Wales factory, however because of capacity constraints the final seven were completed at their Somerton, Victoria facility.
The first was delivered in February 1994, however problems with the cooling systems delayed their entry into service until October 1994. They were initially used on the Blackwater railway system operating with 3500/3600 class locomotives. In 1999 they were transferred to Jilalan Depot, Mackay.
All were fitted with Locotrol systems that allowed remote control locomotives in the centre of a train to be controlled from a command unit. Thus two separate classes were built, seven class 3300 command units that could lead trains, and 15 class 3400 slave units.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blushing_Groom"}
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French Thoroughbred racehorse
Blushing Groom (8 April 1974 – 6 May 1992) was a French champion Thoroughbred racehorse and sire.
Background
He was bred by American businessman John McNamee Sullivan and was raced by HH Aga Khan IV. A descendant of Nearco, Blushing Groom was sired by Red God and out of the mare Runaway Bride. He was trained by François Mathet in France.
Racing record
Blushing Groom raced six times in 1976 at age two. He finished third in his debut, then won the next five races, including four Group One events, capturing the Prix Robert Papin, Prix Morny, Prix de la Salamandre, and Grand Critérium. His performances earned him French Champion Two-Year-Old honors.
As a three-year-old, Blushing Groom extended his win streak to seven, winning the 1977 Prix de Fontainebleau and the GI Poule d'Essai des Poulains. Sent to England to compete in The Derby, he faced a 1½ mile challenge, a distance fifty percent longer than he had ever run before. He finished third to winner The Minstrel, a son of Northern Dancer. In his final race, Blushing Groom finished second in France's GI Prix Jacques Le Marois.
Stud record
Although Blushing Groom met with considerable success in racing, he became an even greater as a sire. He was sent to stand at stud at Gainesway Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, where he sired winners at major tracks in Europe, North America, Australia, Japan, and Hong Kong. Like his sire Red God, Blushing Groom had been a champion miler but many of his offspring are renowned for their stamina and have been able to win consistently at longer distances.
Blushing Groom has sired 92 stakes winners. Some of his notable progeny includes:
Among others, Blushing Groom is the grandsire of Tawrrific, Let's Elope, Cherokee Run, Silic, Subordination, Congaree, Leroidesanimaux, Tie the Knot, Swain, Dreaming of Anna, Bago and 2006 World Champion, Invasor. He is also the damsire of Awesome Again, Kahyasi, Lammtarra, Mayano Top Gun, 2000 Japanese Horse of the Year T M Opera O, and Goldikova.
Blushing Groom died in 1992 and is buried at Gainesway Farm in Lexington, Kentucky.
Pedigree
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This is a list of episodes and movies of all anime adaptations of Kaiketsu Zorori.
Kaiketsu Zorori
The first series, titled Kaiketsu Zorori, is primarily based on the children books by Yutaka Hara.
Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori
Season 1
The second series, titled Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori (まじめにふまじめ かいけつゾロリ), differs from the first series in a few ways. It adopts fewer of Hara's books and instead focuses on a season long story arc, something the first series did not have. Season 1 focuses on the wizard Nelly and the mysterious Najō as Zorori, Ishishi, and Noshishi help them restore the magic forest in a magical country.
Season 2
Season 2 of Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori focuses on Puppe's search for the Minus Eel and Zorori's battle with The Legendary Prank King. Unlike the first season, this season is composed of original stories rather than adapting Yutaka Hara's books.
Motto! Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori
Season 1
In July 2019, it was announced that a new television anime series of Kaiketsu Zorori would be released in early 2020. The anime is the first television anime adaptation of the book series in 13 years since the second anime ended in 2007. In February 2020, it was announced to debut on April 5 on NHK E.
The series, titled Motto! Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori, is a joint collaboration between Ajia-do and Bandai Namco Pictures. Takahide Ogata served as director, Atsuhiro Tomioka handled the series' composition, Hideyuki Funakoshi served as character designer, and Kōhei Tanaka composed the music. Kōichi Yamadera performs the opening theme song "Motto! Motto! Kaiketsu Zorori" as Zorori, and ONEPIXCEL performs the ending theme "Shalalala."
Yamadera, Rikako Aikawa, and Motoko Kumai reprised their respective roles. This series marks the debut of Zorori's rival, Beat (voiced by Yūki Kaji).
From May 10 to June 28 of 2020, the show was on hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. New episodes resumed on July 5, 2020, starting with its seventh episode, and ended on November 8, 2020.
Season 2
In November 2020, it was announced that a second season of Motto! Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori would be released in April 2021. In February 2021, it was announced to debut on April 2 on NHK E, with airing day moved from Sunday to Friday evening. On July 14, 2021, it was announced episodes will be postponed due to coverage of the 2021 Tokyo Summer Games.
Season 3
On October 22, 2021, it was announced that a third season of Motto! Majime ni Fumajime Kaiketsu Zorori would be released in April 2022. On February 9, 2022, it was announced to debut on April 6 on NHK E, with airing day moved from Friday to Wednesday evening.
Movies
Tokyo Movie Shinsha
Kaiketsu Zorori: The Wizard's Apprentice/The Great Pirates' Treasure Hunt (かいけつゾロリ:まほう使いのでし/大かいぞくの宝さがし, Kaiketsu Zorori: Mahōtsukai no Deshi / Daikaizoku no Takara Sagashi)
Released in 1993, this movie adapts books 3 and 4. It was shown alongside Soreike! Anpanman: Nosshi the Dinosaur's Big Adventure (それいけ!アンパンマン 恐竜ノッシーの大冒険, Soreike Anpanman Kyōryū Nosshii no Daibōken).
Ajia-do Animation Works
Quest for the Mysterious Treasure (なぞのお宝大さくせん, Nazo no Otakara Daisakusen)
This movie adapts books 38 and 39. It was shown alongside Keroro Gunsō the Super Movie on March 11, 2006. Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi provide help to Tail on a quest to find the treasure her father Gale died trying to investigate. Along the way, they are helped out by Yōkai-sensei and several monsters, but Tiger and his pirate crew stand in their way.
G-g-g-great Adventure! (だ・だ・だ・だいぼうけん!, Da-da-da-daibōken!)
Based on books 47 and 48. Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi, while out searching for treasure, come upon a town with a widespread illness. In order to make the secret medicine for it, they must set out on an adventure. This is the first full-length Zorori movie.
Will Protect It! The Dinosaur Egg (まもるぜ! きょうりゅうのたまご, Mamoru ze! Kyōryū no Tamago)
Based on book 40. Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi receive an invitation from their friend, a mother dinosaur, to come see a dinosaur egg that will hatch soon. The group receives a warm welcome when they arrive at the legendary dinosaur island. However, a huge typhoon hits the island and the egg goes missing. Zorori goes on a quest to save the egg and return it safely to its family.
The Space Heroes (うちゅうの勇者たち, Uchū no Yūsha-tachi)
Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi search for a meteor that sunk in the ocean. When under attack by octopi, Zorori accidentally launches his submarine into space and land on another planet.
The Secret of Double Z (ZZのひみつ, ZZ no Himitsu)
Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi travel back in time and meet young Zororeene.
La La La♪ A Star is Born (ラララ♪スターたんじょう, La La La♪ Sutā Tanjō)
Based on book 66. Zorori, Ishishi and Noshishi become agents and producers of a promising but troubled singer named Hippopo and help her on her way to stardom.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aran_Hakutora"}
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Russian former sumo wrestler
Aran Hakutora (阿覧欧虎, born January 31, 1984, as Alan Gabaraev, Russian: Ала́н Габара́ев) is a Russian former sumo wrestler. He began his professional career in January 2007 and made the top division in a record eleven tournaments. The highest rank he reached was sekiwake. He was runner-up in consecutive tournaments in May and July 2010 and earned two sanshō or special prizes for Fighting Spirit. He wrestled for Mihogaseki stable.
Career
Aran was born in Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia–Alania, RSFSR, USSR, the same area as Rohō and Hakurozan. He began as an amateur wrestler, winning the Russian National Junior Championships. In October 2006 he won the open division of the World Amateur Sumo Championships held in Saitama, Japan, defeating Ichihara. In December of that year, he joined Mihogaseki stable. Sumo rules allow only one foreigner per stable, and the departure of Baruto to the newly formed Onoe stable created an opening for him.
He made his professional debut in January 2007, alongside Yamamotoyama. Although he was able to win only 2 out of 5 bouts in maezumo, he won the jonokuchi division championship in the next tournament with a perfect 7–0 record, and reached the second highest jūryō division after one and a half years in July 2008. He became the fourth Russian sekitori, after Rohō, Hakurozan, and Wakanohō. (Following the dismissal of these three for cannabis use, Aran was the only Russian left.) He made the top makuuchi division just two tournaments later in November 2008, after winning the jūryō division championship with a 12–3 record. The 11 tournaments it took him to reach makuuchi from his professional debut equalled the all-time record held by Kotoōshū, now broken by Jōkōryū.
Until the January 2009 tournament, in which he scored only 5-10, Aran had maintained a winning record in every tournament in which he had participated. However, he responded two consecutive winning tournaments, which sent him up the banzuke to maegashira 1 for the July 2009 tournament in Nagoya. He defeated ōzeki Harumafuji there but was able to win only three other bouts. After three tournaments out of the limelight, he returned to the upper maegashira ranks in the March 2010 tournament, but lost 14 of his 15 matches. However, he put this disastrous performance behind him by scoring 12–3 in May, finishing runner-up to yokozuna Hakuhō and receiving a share of the Fighting Spirit prize, his first sanshō award. He had another good tournament in July, winning eleven bouts from maegashira 2, defeating two ozeki and once again finishing runner-up with a share of the Kantō-shō.
In the September 2010 tournament he made his san'yaku debut at sekiwake, becoming the first member of Mihogaseki stable to reach sumo's third highest rank since the current head coach, the former Masuiyama II, took over in 1984. He fell short with a 7–8 record, his only notable victory coming against the aging ōzeki Kaiō on the final day. He stayed in the san'yaku ranks at komusubi but could score only 4–11 in July. In January 2011 he beat ōzeki Baruto but finished on 5-10, and his 6–9 mark in May, despite a win over Kotoōshū, was his fourth consecutive losing score. He returned to form in July 2011, scoring 10-5 which led to his return to the komusubi rank. However, he had a losing 5–10 record in September 2011 which dropped him to the maegashira ranks for November, and he remained a maegashira throughout 2012.
Retirement from sumo
Though still at a comfortable rank of maegashira 7 in the September 2013 tournament, he chose to retire after posting a 3–12 record where he lost the last nine bouts. His Mihogaseki stable was folding and being absorbed into Kasugano stable, and rather than fight for a new stable, he chose to retire on October 3 of that year. At a press conference he said that his physical condition was bad due to treatment for oral cancer and that he had been thinking about retirement for a year and a half. At his own request he quickly had a private danpatsu-shiki or retirement ceremony for close relatives only, which is unusual for a former sekiwake, and returned to Russia to become a businessman.
Fighting style
Aran's favoured techniques as listed with the Japan Sumo Association were migi-yotsu (a left hand outside, right hand inside grip on his opponent's mawashi), yori (grappling) and oshi (pushing).
He was criticised for not moving forward enough during his bouts and for relying heavily on henka (side-stepping) and slap down techniques. Approximately one third of his wins were by hataki-komi (slap down), a much higher figure than most other wrestlers.
Personal life
In January 2009 he announced his marriage, to a fellow Russian, although the couple had in fact wed in June 2008. They had a son in February 2010.
In January 2010 he revealed that in December 2008 he had undergone treatment for mouth cancer. The operation to remove the malignant tumour was a success, but caused him to drop 20 kilos in weight.
Career record
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixora_finlaysoniana"}
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Species of plant
Ixora finlaysoniana is a species of shrub in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, China, NE India and Philippines.
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The Short S.47 Triple Tractor was one of a series of experimental twin-engined aircraft built by Short Brothers in 1912. It acquired its name because the two engines drove three tractor propellers.
Design and development
The Triple Tractor followed the Tandem Twin and Triple Twin in the series of twin-engined aircraft built by Short Brothers, the intention behind fitting two engines being to produce an aircraft capable of sustaining flight in the event of one engine failing. It was powered by a pair of 50 hp (37 kW) Gnome Double Omega engines mounted in tandem in the extended nose of the aircraft, the front engine driving a single propeller and the other driving a pair of tractor propellers mounted at mid-gap between the wings, using chains. In order to reduce the torque effect of the rotary engines they were arranged to revolve in opposite directions.
The airframe of the Triple Twin was similar to the contemporary S.36, S.41 and S.45 tractor biplanes built by Shorts, being an unequal-span two-seater two-bay biplane, with the square-section fuselage mounted in the gap between the upper and lower wings. The tail surfaces consisted of a rectangular rudder mounted on the sternpost of the fuselage, with a rectangular horizontal stabiliser and split elevator mounted in front of it on top of the fuselage. The crew of two were seated side by side behind the trailing edge of the wings.
Service history
The aircraft was first flown by Frank McClean on 24 July 1912, and after a formal acceptance flight carried out by Lt. C. L'Estrange-Malone, the aircraft was bought by the Admiralty, being given the serial number T.4 at the Eastchurch Naval School. The aircraft performed well, the only problem being the amount of heat generated, earning it the nickname "The Field Kitchen".
Specifications
Data from Barnes 1967, p.87.
General characteristics
Performance
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American editor and publisher
Leo Margulies (June 22, 1900[citation needed] – December 26, 1975) was an American editor and publisher of science fiction and fantasy pulp magazines and paperback books.
Biography
Margulies was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, but was raised in Norwalk, Connecticut. After briefly attending Columbia University, Margulies began working for Munsey's Magazine, selling subsidiary rights to its stories. He later spent five years as head of East Coast research for Fox Films, a predecessor company of 20th Century Fox, and afterward became editorial chief of publisher Ned Pines' Standard Magazines. At one time in the 1930s, he reportedly edited 46 magazines, including the pulp magazines Startling Stories and Thrilling Wonder Stories.
During World War II, Margulies served as a war correspondent.[citation needed] He was on board the USS Missouri when the Japanese surrendered.[citation needed]
After the war, Margulies helped launch Pines' Popular Library line of paperback books. He was co-editor of the anthology My Best Science Fiction Story in 1949 and went on to compile several science fiction and fantasy paperback anthologies. He was editor of Mike Shayne's Mystery Magazine at the time of his death.
In December 1975, he was attending a meeting in London of the Mystery Writers of America when he suffered a stroke. He died December 26 in Los Angeles, California.
More information can be found about Leo Margulies at leomargulies.com.
Personal life
Margulies was married to the former Cylvia Kleinman at the time of his death.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_George_Remsen"}
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American physician and clubman
Robert George Remsen (March 25, 1821 – January 18, 1896) was an American physician who was prominent in New York society.
Early life
Remsen was born on March 25, 1821 at the old Remsen homestead on Cherry Hill, near Catherine Street, in Manhattan. He was the son of Hendrick "Henry" Remsen III (1762–1843), the former private secretary of Thomas Jefferson, and Elizabeth "Eliza" (née de Peyster) Remsen (1787–1826), who married in 1808. Among his siblings was William Remsen (who married Jane Suydam); Henry Rutgers Remsen (who married Elizabeth Waldron Phoenix); Catharine Ann Remsen; and Elizabeth Remsen.
His maternal grandparents were Catherine (née Bancker) de Peyster and Abraham B. de Peyster, a direct descendant of the 23rd Mayor of New York City Johannes de Peyster. His paternal grandparents were Hendrick "Henry" Remsen and Cornelia (née Dickerson) Remsen. His paternal grandfather was the namesake of Remsen, New York, the original proprietor of the township and the inheritor of the Remsenburgh patent, which embraced some 48,000 acres (190 km2) in Oneida and Herkimer counties and was granted in 1766 (later re-granted by the Legislature in 1787) to Remsen and four other New York merchants. Remsen, a New York City merchant and owner of Henry Remsen Jr. & Co., was the descendant of some of the earliest Dutch settlers of New Amsterdam, and was a member of the Committee of One Hundred and represented the city in the Provincial Congress from 1776 to 1777. Remsen descended from the early Dutch family for whom Remsen Street in Brooklyn was named.
Through his older brother, Henry Rutgers Remsen, he was an uncle of Anna Remsen Webb, the wife of Union Army General Alexander S. Webb; and through his brother William Remsen, he was an uncle of Charles Remsen, the husband of Lillian Livingston Jones.
Remsen graduated from Princeton University, with an A.B. degree in 1842 and an A.M. degree in 1845. He later graduated from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons with a M.D. degree in 1845.
Career
While Remsen was educated as a physician, he did not practice during his later years, instead, "preferring the leisure which ample means gave him for more congenial pursuits in the direction of large corporations, in club association and free intercourse with a large circle of friends."
In business, Remsen was a director, and former vice-president, of the Manhattan Savings Institution, a director of the Knickerbocker Trust Company, the Union Trust company and the Third Avenue Railroad.
Society life
Remsen served as a governor of the Union Club, a member of the New York Yacht Club and the South Side Sportsmen's Club. Remsen, along with Ward McAllister, was one of four founders of the Patriarchs in 1872, serving as president and credited as the originator of their ball. At the time of his death, he was the last surviving founder.
On May 5, 1877 at age forty-six, he was elected to the Century Association in New York. In 1879, he became the 23rd President of the Saint Nicholas Society of the City of New York, a charitable organization in New York City of men who are descended from early inhabitants of the State of New York. He was elected to the Society on September 12, 1848, and later elected a Steward in 1865.
Personal life
Around 1856, Remsen was married to Margaret Delprat (d. 1920), the daughter of Sophia (née Steuart) Delprat and John Charles Delprat. Together, Margaret and Robert were the parents of four daughters:
After an illness of several days from erysipelas, Remsen died at his home, 87 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, on January 18, 1896. He was buried in the family vault at Green Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, and in his will, he funded the Remsen Graduate Scholarship at New York University, and donated $10,000 for the construction of a church near his country home along the shore. After his death, his widow moved uptown to 3 East 80th Street.
Descendants
Through his daughter Caroline, he was the grandfather of Robert Remsen McKim (d. 1938), who married Helen Stagg in 1920; Katherine McKim, who married Frank C. L. Dettman; Caroline Remsen McKim (1903–1936), who married Claude Claire Vickrey, who courted Wallis Warfield (who was better known later in life as the Duchess of Windsor) at his graduating ball from the U.S. Naval Academy, and were the parents of painter Robert Remsen Vickrey (1926–2011). Caroline and Claude later divorced and she remarried to Caleb van Heusen Whitbeck III, in 1929.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble-mound_mouse"}
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Pebble-mound mice are a group of rodents from Australia in the genus Pseudomys. They are small, brownish mice with medium to long, often pinkish brown tails. Unlike some other species of Pseudomys, they construct mounds of pebbles around their burrows, which play an important role in their social life.
There are four complementarily distributed species of pebble-mound mice in northern Australia. Their distribution appears to be limited by climatic conditions and the availability of pebbles and is thought to be the result of early Pleistocene dispersal across areas that are now inhospitable to pebble-mound mice. None of the four species is endangered.
Taxonomy
Pebble-mound mice also known as field mice comprise four species, which have complementary distributions across northern Australia. The four species are as follows:
Pebble-mound mice are currently classified within the genus Pseudomys, a diverse group that includes morphologically and behaviorally disparate species. The four pebble-mound mice form a cohesive group supported by behavioral, morphological, and molecular similarities and may deserve recognition as a separate genus.
Description
Pebble-mound mice are small, mouse-like animals, about 12 to 15 grams (0.42 to 0.53 oz) in mass. The upperparts are brownish, from grey-brown in some Kakadu pebble-mound mice to yellow-brown in the eastern pebble-mound mouse. The underparts are white and are sharply demarcated from the upperparts except in the eastern pebble-mound mouse. The tail ranges from about as long as the head and body in the Kakadu pebble-mound mouse to much longer in the western pebble-mound mouse. It is brown or grey above and white below in the central pebble-mound mouse and uniformly pinkish brown in the other species. Pebble-mound mice are morphologically readily recognizable and share a pseudogene that is absent in other groups. They are unique among murid rodents in exhibiting mutations in the ZPc gene that change the protein sequence.
Distribution and habitat
Pebble-mound mice are found in areas with suitable amounts of available pebbles across tropical Australia. They occur in areas with hot summers and mild winters, with precipitation mainly during the summer. They generally live in open, rocky areas with the vegetation dominated by Eucalyptus trees, but the distributions of the Kakadu and eastern pebble-mound mice also includes areas with denser vegetation and that of the western pebble-mound mouse is dominated by Acacia instead. The distribution of pebble-mound mice is limited by suitable climate and by the availability of pebbles. Competition with other rodents is unlikely to play a major role. The distribution of pebble-mound mice, especially the western pebble-mound mouse, is slowly shrinking because of expanding arid areas, leading to fragmentation of their habitat.
Currently, the western and eastern pebble-mound mice are each separated from the central and Kakadu pebble-mound mice by large swathes of unsuitable, sandy habitat. These areas may have been bridges by rocky habitats until the early Pleistocene, suggesting that the current distribution of pebble-mound mice dates at least from that period.
Behavior
Pebble-mound mice are the only mammals to create mounds of small stones around their burrows. The mice carry the pebbles in their mouths in a radius of 3 to 5 m (9.8 to 16.4 ft) around the nest and move them into location with their forelimbs. Mounds may cover areas of up to 10 m2 (110 sq ft) and include up to 50 kg (110 lb) of pebbles, concentrated near burrow entrances, above burrows, and against trees. Because resources are sparse, home ranges tend to be relatively large and may be greater than 5 hectares (12 acres).
The function of the mounds may be one of protection against predators. Pebble mounds are at the center of social life at least in the two best-studied species, the western and eastern pebble-mound mice. In western pebble-mound mice, mounds have been found to contain up to 14 individuals, but social groups in eastern pebble-mound mice are smaller. Young animals are raised in the mounds. For unclear reasons, females visit and manipulate different mounds. Females only disperse to adjacent mounds, but males may move longer distances, though they remain in pebbly areas. Male eastern pebble-mound mice may move up to 2 km (1.2 mi) in a single night.
Conservation
The IUCN currently lists three of the four species as "Least Concern" because of their wide distribution and occurrence in protected areas. The population size of the central pebble-mound mouse appears to be stable and while the western and eastern species are declining, their decline is unlikely to be fast enough to qualify for one of the IUCN's other categories. The Kakadu pebble-mound mouse is listed as "Vulnerable" because of its small and declining distribution and because it does not occur in meaningful protected areas.
Literature cited
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_ice_hockey_tournament"}
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The 2006 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament involved 16 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college ice hockey. It began on March 24, 2006, and ended with the championship game on April 8. A total of 15 games were played.
The tournament is remembered for the win by Holy Cross over Minnesota which is typically considered one of if not the biggest upset in tournament history.
Game locations
The NCAA Men's Division I Ice Hockey Championship is a single-elimination tournament featuring 16 teams representing all six Division I conferences in the nation. The Championship Committee seeds the entire field from 1 to 16 within four regionals of 4 teams. The winners of the six Division I conference championships receive automatic bids to participate in the NCAA Championship. Regional placements are based primarily on the home location of the top seed in each bracket with an attempt made to put the top-ranked teams close to their home site.
Regional Sites
Frozen Four
Qualifying teams
The at-large bids and seeding for each team in the tournament was announced on March 19, 2006. The Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA), Hockey East and the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) each had four teams receive a berth in the tournament, the ECACHL had two teams receive a berth in the tournament, while Atlantic Hockey and College Hockey America (CHA) both received a single bid for their tournament champions.
Number in parentheses denotes overall seed in the tournament.
Brackets
Frozen Four
Note: * denotes overtime period(s)
East Regional
Regional semifinals
(1) Michigan State vs. (4) New Hampshire
(2) Harvard vs. (3) Maine
Regional Finals
(1) Michigan State vs. (3) Maine
Midwest Regional
Regional semifinals
(1) Wisconsin vs. (4) Bemidji State
(2) Cornell vs. (3) Colorado College
Regional Finals
(1) Wisconsin vs. (2) Cornell
Northeast Regional
Regional semifinals
(1) Boston University vs. (4) Nebraska-Omaha
(2) Miami vs. (3) Boston College
Regional Finals
(1) Boston University vs. (3) Boston College
West Regional
Regional semifinals
(1) Minnesota vs. (4) Holy Cross
(2) North Dakota vs. (3) Michigan
Regional Finals
(2) North Dakota vs. (4) Holy Cross
Frozen Four
National semifinal
(MW1) Wisconsin vs. (E3) Maine
(W2) North Dakota vs. (NE3) Boston College
National Championship
(MW1) Wisconsin vs. (NE3) Boston College
All-Tournament team
* Most Outstanding Player(s)
Record by conference
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62b0b680-c9bf-4ef9-a6a7-862f95027af1
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ly"}
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Village in Northern Hungary, Hungary
Sály is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in northeastern Hungary
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f5535fad-5e32-40d6-ac99-675ec76b6e1e
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blumea_balsamifera"}
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Species of flowering plant
Blumea balsamifera is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Blumea of the family Asteraceae. It is also known as Ngai camphor and sambong (also sembung).
Description
In the Philippines, where it is most commonly known as sambong, Blumea balsamifera is used in traditional herbal medicine for the common cold and as a diuretic. It is also used for infected wounds, respiratory infections, and stomach pains in Thai and Chinese folk medicine.
The genus Blumea is found in the tropical and sub-tropical zones of Asia, especially the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Blumea balsamifera is one of its species that is used in Southeast Asia. A weed, this plant is a ruderal species that often grows on disturbed land, and in grasslands. It has been described physically as:
Softly hairy, half woody, strongly aromatic shrub, 1-4 meters (m) high. Simple, alternate, broadly elongated leaves, 7-20 cm long, with toothed margin and appendaged or divided base. Loose yellow flower head scattered along much-branched leafy panicles. Two types of discoid flowers: peripheral ones tiny, more numerous, with tubular corolla; central flowers few, large with campanulate corolla. Anther cells tailed at base. Fruit (achene) dry, 1-seeded, 10-ribbed, hairy at top.
— Sambong listing at Stuart X Change list of Medicinal plants
Use in the Philippines
In most of the Philippines, B. balsamifera is called sambong (pronounced with pure vowels as sahm-BOHNG) in the Tagalog language, but in Visayas it is known as bukadkad or gabon, and in Ilocos it is sometimes called subusob, subsub, or sobsob. Its primary uses are as a diuretic (or "water pill") and to treat symptoms of the common cold. As a diuretic, sambong is an herb used to treat urolithiasis (urinary tract or kidney stones) and urinary tract infections, and thus reduces high blood pressure. Sambong works as an expectorant, an anti-diarrheal and an anti-spasmotic, all of which treat some symptoms of the common cold. It is also sometimes used as an astringent for wounds. It is approved by the Philippine Department of Health, Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care, and by the Bureau of Plant Industries of the Department of Agriculture.
No claim has been made by any responsible practitioner that it would cure the common cold or kidney disease, and it has "No Approved Therapeutic Claims". Rather the only legitimate claim is that it relieves symptoms.
The active ingredients exist in the volatile oil, made from the leaves of the sambong, which have mostly camphor and limonene, but also has traces of borneol, saponin, sesquiterpene, and tannin.
Sambong is available as a tea inamoka, and may be purchased commercially. The tea has a woody taste, with hint of menthol, described on an official Government of the Philippines website as "a strong camphoraceous odor and a pungent taste".
Uses elsewhere in Asia
In Thai folklore, it is called Naat (หนาด) and is reputed to ward off spirits. It is also used in the treatment of infection.
In addition, it is used in traditional Chinese medicine, in Malay folk medicine, and in Indian Ayurvedic medicine.
Besides its medicinal uses, it may also be used as a decorative dry plant. The Bodos, of Assam, India, use it as a flavourful herb and add it to soups, chicken, curries, and also as a side dish with chillies and native soda ash water called kharwi.[citation needed]
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Cartoonist
Sam Cobean (December 28, 1913 in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania – July 2, 1951 in Schuyler County, New York) was a cartoonist, especially known for his work in The New Yorker in the 1940s and 1950s.
His book of cartoons, The Naked Eye, has been published around the world. Likewise, the book published after his death, The Cartoons of Cobean has enjoyed worldwide popularity since its publication in 1952. Copies of his books are still actively traded by his fans.
A close friend and co-worker with cartoonist Charles Addams (The Addams Family), Sam Cobean has influenced cartoons and cartoonists for several generations. His particular contribution to the art of cartooning was his "dream bubble" or "thought bubble," wherein he revealed what the characters in his cartoons were actually thinking, e.g. the man looking at a beautiful woman and seeing her in the nude.
Cobean created humor that truly transcends the barriers of language, culture, race and even time.[according to whom?] He was killed driving his Jaguar when he rear-ended another vehicle. His passenger Cameron Argetsinger, founder of Watkins Glen racing, was injured.
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56f3d963-7465-4345-a139-9561798fbdf3
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugard"}
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The Rugard, at 91 m above sea level (NN), is the highest elevation in the central region of the German Baltic Sea island of Rügen. This push end moraine was formed in the last ice age and lies on the northeastern perimeter of the town of Bergen auf Rügen. There was probably a castle here from the 9th century to the year 1325 A.D., in which princes of the Slavic Rani tribe resided. These princes ruled Rügen and parts of the adjacent mainland. The Slavic name Rugard (German: Rujanenburg) dates to that period. The site had an inner and outer ward and covered an area of 2.3 hectares.
When the Rani's princely line ended in 1325 with the death of Wizlaw III, the castle lost its importance and fell into disrepair. Some of its ramparts have survived, however, and may still be made out today. In the Middle Ages there was a mill here and the area was used for agriculture. Until 1830, when Prince Wilhelm Malte I of Putbus (1783-1854) had the ramparts reforested, the Rugard was treeless. Karl Friedrich Schinkel captured its former appearance in his 1821 painting Der Rugard auf Rügen ("The Rugard on Rügen").
Over time, a forest grew up, consisting mainly of spruce and pine trees, interrupted by small stands of oak, birch and poplar as well as many other deciduous and coniferous trees. The native beech is barely represented. In 1984, a 2.5 km nature trail was established that runs through the Rugard Forest (Rugardwald) where visitors are able to learn about the variety of animal and plant life in this historic countryside from the various information boards.
From the Ernst Moritz Arndt Tower on the top of the Rugard, visitors have a panoramic view over the entire island. This tower was built in the 1870s as a monument to Ernst Moritz Arndt, who was born in Groß Schoritz on Rügen. The foundation stone was laid on 26 December 1869, the 100th anniversary of the poet. They chose a design by Berlin architect and builder, Hermann Eggert, and began construction in Autumn 1872. However, the work was not completed until 1877 due to a lack of money. In the 1930s the forest around the Rugard reached such a height that there was no longer a clear, all-round view from the topmost gallery of the tower. Between 1935 and 1937, a Nazi Thingplatz was built here, which was mainly used by the Hitler Youth.
During thorough renovations carried out from 2000 to 2002, it was decided to replace the 1955 wooden dome with a dome of glass and steel (whilst maintaining its historical shape) and thus provide a higher viewing platform.
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f071f5a7-5bb0-4676-844b-5d49e1149b90
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masterboy"}
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Masterboy is a German Eurodance project best known in Europe for the hits "Feel the Heat of the Night", "Anybody", "I Got to Give It Up", "Generation of Love", "Everybody Needs Somebody" and "Is This the Love".
In 2013, after 10 years since their break up, the "Golden Trio" (Trixi Delgado, Tommy Schleh and Enrico Zabler) of Masterboy came back to perform at different '90s revival shows, with former vocalist Linda Rocco joining them occasionally. A new single was released in 2017.
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
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Coordinates: 40°45′54″N 44°37′48″E / 40.76500°N 44.63000°E / 40.76500; 44.63000
Place in Lori, Armenia
Arjut kayaranin kits (Armenian: Արջուտ կայարանին կից) is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia. It belongs to the municipality of Arjut village and is located 1 km south of the village.
Population
Here is a population chart of Stantsiya Pambak village throughout its history:
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aefd858e-4dc3-4f93-8252-eb04ce1821f2
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sombre_whipsnake"}
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Species of snake
The sombre whip snake (Demansia quaesitor) is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae.
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4178c441-80f3-442d-bfea-41404b7386b6
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grayson_Boucher"}
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American basketball player
Grayson "The Professor" Scott Boucher (born June 10, 1984) is an American streetball player, actor, and former professional basketball player. He is most known for playing on the highly stylized, international AND1 Mixtape Tour; he has also appeared in several movies, Netflix’s Hustle and Ball Don't Lie. Boucher is 5'10" and weighs 145 pounds (178 cm, 66 kg) and his jersey number is 12.
Boucher attended McNary High School but transferred to nearby Salem Academy where he made all-state honors. He was given no college offers in high school. After high school, Boucher attended Chemeketa Community College, where he played on the basketball team.
Professional career
Salem Stampede (2006)
On February 9, 2006, Boucher signed with the Salem Stampede of the International Basketball League.
Atlanta Krunk (2007–2008)
Boucher played for the Atlanta Krunk of the Continental Basketball Association during the 2007–08 season.
Street basketball career
When the AND1 Mixtape Tour stopped in Portland, Oregon, Boucher and his brother attended as fans. Boucher found out there was an "open run" tryout to join the tour, and earned a spot on the team. By summer 2009, Boucher was featured prominently in the tour's marketing, appearing on the main page of their website and in various advertisements.
He has played in over 30 countries and has been featured in seven seasons of Streetball on ESPN, five AND1 mixtape DVDs, four AND1 commercials, and an AND1 video game.
Boucher plays professional chess, including when on tour.
After leaving AND1 in January 2011, Boucher played streetball for Ball Up. He became acquainted with Ball Up's CEO, Demetrius Spencer, in late 2008. The Ball Up Tour features most of the players from the AND1 Mixtape Tour and focuses more on the on-the-court action, a departure from the AND1 tour, which featured more behind-the-scenes footage. The international tour stopped in over 10 countries, and had plans for a winter tour in the U.S.
Career statistics
CBA
Regular season
Acting career
Boucher has used his status to appear in several films portraying basketball players. He appeared in the film Semi-Pro, starring Will Ferrell, as a point guard on the opposing squad in the final game of the movie, and was featured in the special features section of the DVD version as well. Boucher played the lead role of Sticky in the film Ball Don't Lie, based on the book of the same name. The film was completed and shown nationally at several film festivals but was never officially released.
Boucher also took on the role of Spider-Man in a YouTube web-series he created. In the series, he disguised himself as the superhero and went to various basketball courts in the Los Angeles area to play against unsuspecting competitors. The first episode reached 14 million views on YouTube within a week of being uploaded. It was featured on the ESPN website, and gained further attention from Shaquille O'Neal, who tweeted the video to his followers. The third episode featured NBA star Jamal Crawford, and further plans were made to feature other known basketball players. The fourth episode of the series featured another street basketball player, Larry "Bone Collector" Williams, who disguised himself as the popular Marvel Comics superhero Captain America. The sixth installment featured a basketball player disguised as Deadpool. The seventh part of series had a disguised Boucher facing off against another basketball player, disguised as Carnage.
Boucher also launched a ball-handling guide called Super-Human Dribbling, a web-based tutorial available for download online, that features Boucher's drills and workouts.
Boucher now has his own YouTube channel where he posts mixtapes of him playing in local basketball leagues, fun and comical videos, tutorials, and other entertaining basketball videos.
In April 2019, Boucher suffered a career-threatening non-contact total tear of his Achilles tendon. He also suffered from accidental overdose of hydrocodone and acetaminophen during the early stages of rehabilitation, but had made a full recovery as of June 2020. During his rehab period, he continued to publish YouTube content consisting of undated footage from before the injury, choosing not to make news of the injury public until August 2020, after his recovery was complete.
Filmography
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirzar,_Kalat"}
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Village in Razavi Khorasan, Iran
Sirzar (Persian: سيرزار, also Romanized as Sīrzār; also known as Mīrzār) is a village in Kabud Gonbad Rural District, in the Central District of Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 711, in 165 families.
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f099420d-609d-4e65-b87c-432bcfa0f77c
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The Zimbabwean Chess Championship is the national chess championship of Zimbabwe.
Winners
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_favorite"}
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1840 opera by Gaetano Donizetti
La favorite (The Favourite, sometimes referred to by its Italian title: La favorita) is a grand opera in four acts by Gaetano Donizetti to a French-language libretto by Alphonse Royer and Gustave Vaëz, based on the play Le comte de Comminges by Baculard d'Arnaud with additions by Eugène Scribe based on the story of Leonora de Guzman. The opera concerns the romantic struggles of the King of Castile, Alfonso XI, and his mistress, the "favourite" Leonora, against the backdrop of the political wiles of receding Moorish Spain and the life of the Catholic Church. It premiered on 2 December 1840 at the Académie Royale de Musique (Salle Le Peletier) in Paris.
Background
Originally, Donizetti had been composing an opera by the name of Le Duc d'Albe as his second work for the Opéra in Paris. However, the director, Léon Pillet, objected to an opera without a prominent role for his mistress, mezzo-soprano Rosine Stoltz. Donizetti therefore abandoned Le Duc d'Albe and borrowed heavily from L'Ange de Nisida, an unrealized project from 1839, to create La favorite.
Donizetti wrote the entire final act in three to four hours, with the exception of the cavatina and a part of a duet, which were added at the rehearsal stage.
Performance history
The Opéra's original production (Paris, 1840) had costumes designed by Paul Lormier and sets produced by two teams of scenic artists: René-Humanité Philastre and Charles-Antoine Cambon (acts 1 and 3), Charles Séchan, Léon Feuchère [fr], Jules Diéterle and Édouard Desplechin (acts 2 and 4). Revivals at the Palais Garnier, on 25 January 1875 and 3 February 1896, increased the scale of the staging but remained true to the original concept of 1840. The opera continued to be performed each season at the Opéra up to 1894, remaining in its repertoire until 1918, as well as maintaining a presence in the French provinces through this period.
It was revived in Padua under the title of Leonora di Guzman in 1842, and at La Scala as Elda in 1843 with Marietta Alboni in the title role, though Donizetti himself was not involved in these productions.
The London premiere was in English at Drury Lane in 1843 with soprano Emma Romer, and then in French two years later at Covent Garden, and in Italian at Her Majesty's in 1847. New Orleans' Théâtre d'Orléans first saw the piece on 9 February 1843 in French (followed by a performance in New York by the New Orleans French Opera Company), and the Metropolitan Opera mounted a production 1895. Italian revivals in the mid-20th century took place at La Scala Milan in 1934 with Ebe Stignani and Pertile, in Rome a year later with Cobelli and Gigli, followed by further revivals in both cities, several featuring Stignani in the title role. Arturo Toscanini conducted the work in Bergamo for the Donizetti centenary. In 1978, the Metropolitan Opera revived La Favorite (in Italian) with Luciano Pavarotti and Shirley Verrett; the opera had not been heard at the Met since Enrico Caruso sang it there in 1905, 73 years previously.
Among other performances, the Bavarian State Opera presented a new production of the work in the original French version in 2016, with Elīna Garanča, tenor Matthew Polenzani and Mariusz Kwiecień in the leading roles.
Roles
Synopsis
Time: 1340
Place: Royaume de Castille
A love triangle involving the King of Castile, Alfonso XI, his mistress ('the favourite') Leonora, and her lover Fernando, the story unfolds against the background of the Moorish invasions of Spain and power struggles between church and state.
Act 1
Scene 1
In the Monastery of St James, the monks are making their way to worship. Superior Balthazar (bass), father of the Queen of Castile, enters with Fernand (tenor). Balthazar knows that Fernand is preoccupied by something. Fernand confesses that he has fallen in love with a beautiful, but as yet unknown, lady. His faith in God remains, but he wishes to leave the monastery in search of her. Balthazar angrily sends Fernand out of the monastery, warning him of the dangers of the outside world. He predicts that Fernand will one day return to the cloisters, a disappointed if wiser man.
Scene 2
Fernand has found his lady, Léonor (mezzo-soprano), declared his love and received it in return, but he is still unaware of her real identity. She has arranged to meet him on the island of Leon, to which he is brought blindfolded by boat. He is met by Inès (soprano), her companion, who impresses upon him the need for secrecy. Léonor enters. She tells him that they can never marry and that they must not meet again, but nevertheless hands him a document to help him in his future. Shortly afterwards the arrival of the King is announced and Léonor leaves. Fernand is left to speculate about her elevated social position. Reading the document she has left him, he finds a commission in the army — an opportunity for advancement.
Act 2
Alphonse (baritone) has defeated the Moors and taken Alcazar. In conversation with the courtier Don Gaspar (tenor), the King expresses his pleasure at Fernand's bravery. Alone, the King expresses his love for Léonor and his desire to divorce the Queen and marry her. He realizes that this will provoke the opposition of his powerful father-in-law Balthazar who is ultimately backed by the Pope. Léonor enters and expresses her anguish at remaining his mistress rather than his Queen. The King suspects that he is losing her affection. Don Gaspar enters with news that a letter has been discovered revealing that Léonor has a lover. She makes no denial, but at that moment Balthazar enters intent on forcing the King to abandon his plans for the royal divorce.
Act 3
Alphonse is to honour Fernand for his role in the war. He asks Fernand what reward he would like and Fernand asks to marry the woman who has inspired him in his bravery. Alphonse asks who she is and Fernand points to Léonor. The King is astonished to learn that Fernand is his successful rival. In an abrupt change of mind, he orders Fernand and Léonor to marry within one hour. Léonor is left with mixed feelings of apprehension and delight. She decides that Fernand must be informed about her past and sends Inès to him. However, unknown to Léonor, Inès is arrested before she can see him. Fernand only learns the truth after the wedding ceremony. Considering himself dishonoured by the King he breaks his sword, leaves Léonor and entrusts himself to Balthazar.
Act 4
Balthazar's daughter, the Queen, has died of jealousy and grief, and her body has been sent to him at the Monastery of St James. Prayers are being said for her repose. Fernand is preparing to enter his new religious life. Léonor enters in a state of exhaustion and faints before the cross. At first Fernand rejects her, but eventually moved by her love and sincerity, he is willing to give himself to her again, but it is too late, Léonor collapses once more and dies in his arms.
Arrangements
In 1840, Richard Wagner made arrangements of the work for piano, for flute, and for a violin duo.
Antonio Pasculli composed a concerto on themes from the opera for oboe and piano/orchestra (c. 1879).
Recordings
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2b32a4a2-e662-46a1-92f6-1c3d52c76822
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Franck"}
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Norwegian snowboarder
Daniel Franck (born 9 December 1974) is a Norwegian professional snowboarder. He started riding in 1991, professionally since 1993. After winning the National and Nordic championships he aimed higher and started riding world cup competitions in 1993. Daniel won his first international championship Gold at the European championships in 1995, and earned 2nd. place at the World Cup Ranking the 1995–96 season. He won the silver medal in the men's halfpipe in the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. He also participated in the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. There he finished 9th. place, after riding with a concussion from a crash in his last practice run. Daniel Franck was the first snowboarding athlete to win gold at the ESPN X-Games in Snow Summit – California – in 1997, where he also took the Silver medal in the slope style contest.
In the 1999–2000 season he won the World Championships, European Championships and the World Cup overall, all in one year. A record that still stands today. Daniel Franck, has earned 16 world cup wins, 11 Championship medals and more than 40 international podiums in his career. He is also known as "The Slippery Hotdog" because of his effortless style and ghost-like disappearance. Franck was in a computer game known as XGames Pro Boarder and Transworld Snowboarding.
Daniel Franck is still riding, but retired from the competition scene in 2008. He now runs his own clothing company which carries his name. They launched in 2009 with 34 pieces, and is working their way up in the fashion and sports market. He is mentioned in the Mack Dawg Productions, Double Decade as one of the most progressive riders of all time. He can be seen in the following productions: "Upping The Ante", "Melt Down Project", TB2 & TB3 (Standard Films), "Technical Difficulties", "Stomping Grounds" and many more.
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Airport in Quebec, Canada
Mont-Tremblant (Lac Maskinongé) Water Aerodrome (TC LID: CMT2) is located on Lake Maskinongé, 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) south southwest of St-Jovite (Mont-Tremblant) in Quebec, Canada. It is open from mid-May to mid-October.
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401a339e-6dca-4f60-bc51-4ba1eaef4b0d
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henge"}
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Type of Neolithic earthwork
There are three related types of Neolithic earthwork that are all sometimes loosely called henges. The essential characteristic of all three is that they feature a ring-shaped bank and ditch, with the ditch inside the bank. Because the internal ditches would have served defensive purposes poorly, henges are not considered to have been defensive constructions (cf. circular rampart). The three henge types are as follows, with the figure in brackets being the approximate diameter of the central flat area:
Etymology
The word henge is a backformation from Stonehenge, the famous monument in Wiltshire. Stonehenge is not a true henge, as its ditch runs outside its bank, although there is a small extant external bank as well. The term was first coined in 1932 by Thomas Kendrick, who later became the Keeper of British Antiquities at the British Museum.
Forms
Henges may be classified as follows:
Sub groups exist for these when two or three internal ditches are present rather than one. Henges are usually associated with the Late Neolithic or Early Bronze Age, and especially with the pottery of this period: Grooved Ware, Impressed Wares (formerly known as Peterborough Ware), and Beakers. Sites such as Stonehenge also provide evidence of activity from the later Bronze Age Wessex culture.
Henges often contain evidence of a variety of internal features, including timber or stone circles, pits, or burials, which may pre- or post-date the henge enclosure. A henge should not be confused with a stone circle within it, as henges and stone circles can exist together or separately.[citation needed] At Arbor Low in Derbyshire, all the stones except one are laid flat and do not seem to have been erected, as no stone holes have been found. Elsewhere, often only the stone holes remain to indicate a former circle.[citation needed]
Some of the best-known henges are at:
Henges sometimes formed part of a ritual landscape or complex, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments inside and outside the henge. Earlier monuments associated with a later henge might include Neolithic monuments such as a cursus (e.g., at Thornborough Henges the central henge overlies the cursus), or a long barrow, such as the West Kennet Long Barrow at Avebury, Wiltshire, or, as in the case of Stonehenge, Mesolithic post holes. A circle of large pits c. 2 km (1+1⁄4 mi) across is centered on Durrington Walls henge. Later monuments added after the henge was built might include Bronze Age cairns as at Arbor Low.
Examples of such ritual landscapes are:
Burials have been recorded at a number of excavated henges, both pre-dating the henge and as a result of secondary reuse. For example:
Origin and distribution
Efforts to delineate a direct lineage for the henge from earlier enclosures have not been conclusive. Their chronological overlap with older structures makes it difficult to classify them as a coherent tradition. They seem to take the concept of creating a space separate from the outside world one step further than the causewayed enclosure, and they focus attention on an internal point. In some cases, the construction of the bank and ditch was a stage that followed other activity on the site. At Balfarg, North Mains, and Cairnpapple, for example, earlier cremations and deliberate smashing of pottery predate the enclosure.
Concentrations of henges occur over much of Britain. Orkney (Cunliffe 2001) and Wessex (Burl 1969) have both been suggested as the original provenance of the monument type; however, others remain unconvinced (Barclay 2005). Unlike earlier enclosure monuments, henges were not usually built on hilltops but on low-lying ground, often close to watercourses and good agricultural land.
Some scholars, such as the editors of the 1982 edition of the Penguin Dictionary of Archaeology (Bray and Trump, 1982), have claimed that henges are unique to the British Isles. They state that similar, much earlier, circles on the European continent, such as Goseck circle (which has no bank), and later ones such as Goloring are not proper "henges". But The Penguin Archaeological Guide (Bahn, 2001) does not comment on geographical locations for henges.
Julian Cope, in The Megalithic European, proposes that the henge was a regional development from the Europe-wide causewayed enclosure. He notes it appeared following a cultural upheaval in around 3000 BC, which inspired the peoples of Neolithic Europe to develop more independently. He notes the 'rondel enclosures' of Bavaria's Isar Valley, which according to investigations by the German archaeologist R. A. Maier, "drew comparisons with the henge monuments and causewayed enclosures of the British Isles." Although still with a multiple-causewayed ditch and entrances at cardinal points, the roundels are described by John Hodgson (2003) as not being positioned with defensive aims in mind. The largest, at Kothingeichendorf, appeared to be "midway between a henge and a causewayed enclosure".
Alasdair Whittle (2005) also views the development of the henge as a regional variation within a European tradition that included a variety of ditched enclosures. He notes that henges and the grooved ware pottery often found at them are two examples of the British Neolithic not found on the Continent. Caroline Malone (2001) also says that henges were not built in the rest of Western Europe, but they developed from a broader tradition of enclosure to become "a phenomenon of the British Isles, a native tradition with sophisticated architecture and calendrical functions."
Interpretation
Henges may have been used for rituals or astronomical observation rather than day-to-day activity. That their ditches are located inside their banks indicates that they were not used for defence, and that the barrier of the earthworks was more likely symbolic than functional. Following arguments presented for Irish Iron Age enclosures, Barclay suggested that they are 'defensive': that the ditch and bank face something 'dangerous' inside the enclosure. He has also suggested that the considerable range of elements surrounded by the earthworks, and the very long date range, are because henges were designed mainly to enclose pre-existing ceremonial sites that were seen as 'ritually charged' and therefore dangerous to people. It has been conjectured that whatever took place inside the enclosures was intended to be separate from the outside world and perhaps known only to select individuals or groups.
The alignment of henges is a contentious issue. Popular belief is that their entrances point towards certain heavenly bodies. But henge orientation is highly variable and may have been determined more by local topography than by desire for symbolic orientation. Statistical analysis showed that Class I henges have a slight tendency to have an entrance set in the north or north-east quarter. Class II henges generally have their axes aligned approximately south-east to north-west or north-east to south-west.
It has been suggested that the stone and timber structures sometimes built inside henges were used as solar declinometers to measure the position of the rising or setting sun. These structures do not appear in all henges; and when they do, often they are considerably more recent than the henges. Thus, they are not necessarily connected with the henge's original function. It has been conjectured that the henges would have been used to synchronize a calendar to the solar cycle for purposes of planting crops or timing religious rituals. Some henges have poles, stones or entrances that indicate the position of the rising or setting sun during the equinoxes and solstices, while others appear to frame certain constellations. Additionally, many are placed so that nearby hills either mark or do not interfere with such observations. Finally, some henges appear to be placed at particular latitudes. For example, a number are placed at a latitude of 55 degrees north, where the same two markers can indicate the rising and setting sun for both the spring and autumn equinoxes. But as henges are present from the extreme north to the extreme south of Britain, their latitude could not have been of great importance.
Formalisation is commonly attributed to henges: indications of the builders' concerns to control the arrival at, entrance into, and movement within the enclosures. This was achieved by placing flanking stones or avenues at the entrances of some henges, or by dividing the internal space with timber circles. While some henges were the first monuments to be built in their areas, others were added to already important landscapes, especially the larger examples.
The concentric nature of many of the internal features, such as the five rings of postholes at Balfarg or the six at Woodhenge, may represent a finer distinction than the inside-out differences suggested by henge earthworks. The ordering of space and the circular movement suggested by the sometimes densely packed internal features indicates a sophisticated degree of spatial understanding.
Hengiform monument
Hengiform monuments, or mini henges, are distributed throughout England and mainland Scotland (with examples as far north as Caithness), though no examples have been found in Wales. Pits, cremations, postholes, stone-sockets, and graves have been found within them, and postholes and cremation pits have also been found to be present close to the site in some cases. They typically have either one entrance or two opposing entrances. In plan, a mini henge can be mistaken for a ploughed-out round barrow, although the former tend to be slightly larger and their earthworks more substantial. As with ordinary henges, they are thought to have served ritual purposes and are thought to be of late Neolithic date.
Henge enclosure
Henge enclosures often contain or lie close to one or more ordinary henges. Finds of animal bone, grooved ware pottery, and evidence of dwellings have been found and coupled with the time and energy needed to build them, it is considered that they must have been important social centres analogous to tribal capitals. Two or four evenly spaced entrances lead through the earthwork to the centre.
Modern henge monuments
A henge monument was restored at the Devil's Quoits in Oxfordshire between 2002 and 2008.
In modern times a number of henge type monuments have been built, examples include:
Bibliography
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bb7b830a-c8c1-4c7b-bb4b-81a698c3c0a2
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Duborgh_Jensen"}
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Norwegian fashion and costume designer
William Duborgh Jensen (10 May 1935 – 24 May 2017) was a Norwegian fashion and costume designer.
William was first known as a fashion designer; he was Norway's first "haute couturier" with his own collection in 1958. He later worked in television and film as a costume designer.
He was appointed as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2006 for his efforts in fashion design.
William died at the age of 82.
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d64fd09c-71b7-452f-9134-0fd1208a4607
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Studies_in_Southern_Africa"}
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Academic journal
Academic journal
Italian Studies in Southern Africa/Studi d’Italianistica nell’Africa Australe is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Association of Professional Italianists in South Africa/Associazione di Professori d’Italiano in Sudafrica. It is published in Italian and English and covers the field of Italian studies.
The journal is abstracted and indexed in the MLA International Bibliography, Bibliografia Generale della Lingua e della Letteratura Italiana, and Italinemo. It is listed as a journal qualifying authors for research support by the South African Department of Higher Education and Training and the Australian Research Council.
The editor-in-chief is Anna Meda (University of South Africa).
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9c7d73c4-a49b-4c82-b5aa-d3874fe36f33
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Sary-Ozek or Saryozek may refer to one of the following, related to places in Kazakhstan.
Topics referred to by the same term
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8c89161c-bc91-48c1-bf56-972ce202c328
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C.A._Independiente_de_La_Chorrera"}
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Football club
Club Atlético Independiente de La Chorrera, also known as CAI or CAI de La Chorrera, is a Panamanian football club based in La Chorrera that currently plays in the Liga Panameña de Fútbol.
History
CAI, as the club is often called, was founded in 1982 to occupy young players who wished to play football. Under the leadership of Antonio Aguilar and Visitación Muñoz, the club began to participate in the local leagues of La Chorrera District, particularly those in the Martin Sánchez sector. A regular power at the local level, CAI moved up to the Colon league.
A major era of transition began in 1994, when club president Jaime Lay resigned. Aguila and Muñoz organized a new group of directors (Carlos Alberto Campos Muñoz, Luis Montezuma, Pedro Carrión, Jaime Dávila and Caesar Rogelio Lasso Madrid) and reorganized the club's administration. Carlos A. Campos Muñoz was chosen president, Antonio Aguilar as vice-president, Caesar R. Lasso Madrid as secretary, Visitación Muñoz as treasurer, Luis Montezuma as finance director, and Pedro Carrión and Jaime Dávila as spokespeople.
That same year, CAI won the La Chorrera District title with a 2–1 victory over Lidia Aurora F.C. and was promoted to the district championship. This moved CAI up into the second flight for the first time. However, they were not ready for this level, and were almost immediately relegated.
New beginning
Following the disappointment of the 1995 season, the new administration completely restructured the club. There was significant staff and player turnover, a new manager (Rene Salazar) and a renewed emphasis on the youth program. The directors set an ambitious timeline for the club—two years to reach the district tournament, three years to reach Primera A (now Liga Nacional de Ascenso) and six years to attain promotion to ANAPROF, the nation's top flight (now Liga Panameña de Fútbol).
Salazar's club quickly found success. They won their district championship in 1998, and then won the western championship of the Panamá Province. It didn't take long for René Salazar, the objective would be achieved. In 1997 CAI achieved to arrive to the series semifinal, however they lost against Santos Jorge 2–1.
Promotion
In 1998, CAI participated in the league of the Colon community, who worked as the local district tournament of the moment, but due to bad handlings and the negative arm of the policy, the tournament was a failure. With other club's president (Juventus F.C., San Jose F.C., San Germen F.C., San Francisco F.C. and Mitra F.C.), Carlos A. Campos Muñoz led together a movement to create a league for the Balboa community and motivated the community of Virgin of Guadalupe to create another league for that community, totalizing three leagues of the district of La Chorrera, which is today the local district tournament.
In the new league of the Balboa community, directed by Virgilio Landecho, CAI was crowned champion after beating Juventus F.C.
In 1999, the team participated in the tournament that gives promotion to the West of the Panamá Province, even when the intentions of the leadership of La Chorrera local district tournament to disband the club in retaliation to have led the movement to found the two leagues Balboa community and Virgin of Guadalupe community; but this was legally constituted and affiliated with the Panamanian Football Federation (Federación Panameña de Fútbol) and recognized by the National Institute of Sports (INDE, now PANDEPORTES), therefore La Chorrera local district tournament leaders could do nothing. Later, when the leadership of the Provincial League of Panama West recognized CAI's rights, the team was able to participate in this tournament, obtaining a successful campaign that is attributed to the administrative organization, to the skillful technical manual of Rene Salazar, the collaboration of friends and close friends to the club and the discipline and interest of the players. CAI managed to win the provincial final match, and having among its squad the top scorer of the tournament, Rubens Axel Almansa H. with 21 goals in the whole campaign.
In September 1999, CAI gained the right to represent Panama West in the national championship denominated Copa Rommel Fernández, of whom the provincial champions and runners-up participate. In this championship the team was placed in group four, next to the Tecnica and Deportes F.C. of Colón, Olimpic F.C. of Panamá and Punta Alegre F.C. of Darién. CAI classified second place behind Olimpic F.C. of Panama, in the regular round. During the second round the team reached the semifinals, beating Inter 3–2, Guabito F.C. 3–1, Río Abajo F.C. 2–0, San Isidro 2-0 and Niupy F.C. 5–1.
In the semifinal CAI beat Olimpic FC 2-0 and in the final they defeated Zona Libre F.C. 3–1. The favorites got to take the trophy home, with goals from José Luis Garcés (2) and a goal from Rubens Almanza. CAI were crowned champions of the Copa Rommel Fernández and gained promotion to Primera A.
The Panamanian Football Federation awarded the right of affiliation by a value of $3,000, $1,500 is of inscription and gives the club a check of $500,000 to resolve part of the expenses of CAIs first goal, to be in Primera A.
Primera A
The year 2000 was CAI's first participation in this championship, the team finished occupying the seventh place and staying in this division. Between 2000 and 2001 the team was able to fortify itself, working with responsible young players to face the challenges that would be imposed in the 2002–03 season. With the determination to manage this accomplishment and to reach the planned goals, the project begins with a year of anticipation with the newly assigned manager, Daniel "Ñelo" Montilla Ruiz, leading the team. Daniel Montilla, together with the rest of his technical body planned the recruitment of new players, obtaining a selective group and beginning to prepare them both physically and tactically, managing to have them ready for the beginning of the 2002–03 Apertura.
In 2002–2003 after passing a series of situations of instability with the championship system and the number of clubs that would participate in it, it was agreed to, on the part of the administration of ANAPROF that the championship would be of two seasons (Apertura and Clausura) and the number of clubs would be 15, divided into two groups; A and B.
Group A would include the participants of the east zone (Panamá and Colón): Club Deportivo Pan de Azúcar, Asociación Deportiva Orión, Club Deportivo Italia, Club Deportivo Español, Río Abajo, Chepo and Colón River. CAI would be placed in group B which would include the west zone (La Chorrera and the rest of the provinces of the interior): Club Atlético Guadalupe, Chame F.C., Coclesana F.C., Chitré F.C., Niupi F.C., Chiriquí F.C. and Bocas del Toro F.C.
The teams that would get promoted to the ANAPROF were the champions of the Apertura and Clausura. If the same team won both the Apertura and Clausura season, then the other team to get promoted would be the one who was better placed when both seasons are averaged up. The system of the Apertura season would be that each team plays the other teams of its respective group in a home and away match, and the first two of each group would later face each other in a quadrangular in which the first and second place teams would face each other in a final.
CAI managed to finish first place of group B and gained the right to proceed to the next round. In the quadrangular the team finalized first without losing a single match and was to face Club Deportivo Pan de Azúcar in the Apertura final. The final match was played at the Estadio Rommel Fernández, it was a worthy final match for this second flight division. The game finalized 4–3 in favor of Club Deportivo Pan de Azúcar and thus frustrating CAI's aspirations to assure a participation in ANAPROF. Rubens A. Almansa was the top scorer of the championship with 20 goals.
Sadly on February 1, 2003 CAI mourned the unexpected death of Daniel "Ñelo" Montilla, who was murdered when he tried to defend his daughters who were being assaulted by thieves.
The Clausura season was difficult since the team started without five of their star players, who because of their good participation performance were hired by other clubs of the Professional league, thus significantly weakening the squad. These players were Axel Almanza, Héctor Martinez, Hanamel Hill, Julio Creek and Juan Maning. Given the present circumstances, CAI had to reorganize its squad with young players. The Clausura season ended with a modest presentation of the team, achieving maintenance of their category.
For the 2004 championship the team played with a young squad and a new manager, CAI participated modestly occupying the seventh place. In view of the previous result, it was decided to regroup all the young players of the categories U-15, U-17, U-19 and the youngest players of Primera A, to train with them for five months in anticipation of the 2005 championship.
CAI obtained from Ciudad del Niño, a charity organization that lodges more than 300 children of limited resources and without homes, a great amount of land where sporting facilities existed previously. The club intended to restore them and use them as a training camp and game venue.
In 2006 CAI did not manage to reach at the semifinals and remained in fourth place with 16 points. The promotion in a period of three years had been planned (2010) and to accomplish it the club had turned their attentions to the younger players in the U-13 and U-15 squads.
In 2007 there was no competition in the Primera A due to an organization problem, however the league was planned to start in 2008. For the 2008 season of the Primera A, CAI had a campaign they would wish to forget, ending up last in the aggregate table of both the Apertura and Clausura championships. Since they were the last overall they were to be demoted to the Copa Rommel Fernández, but fortunately for CAI, the board of directors of the Primera A had decided to expand the number of teams of the league from 8 to 10, which would mean that not only would the champion and runner-up of the 2009 season of the Copa Rommel Fernández be promoted, but also the last team in the aggregate table (CAI) would not be relegated.
In 2009 the team was bought by Ricardo Escobar and completely changed the management and the name of the club to Independiente F.C.. They would play their home games for the 2009 season in the Estadio Agustín Sánchez of La Chorrera. In the Apertura championship CAI finished runner-up to last years Liga Nacional de Ascenso champions Río Abajo.
In 2013 a new board of directors took control of the club and the team won the Clausura and the Super Final game to promote the team to the Liga Panameña de Fútbol.
In May 2015 they were beaten by Árabe Unido in the Clausura championship final, after they had already been relegated.
Two years later, during the Clausura 2017, CAI gained its promotion to the LPF again by winning the Super Final of the Liga Nacional de Ascenso against Costa del Este F.C. The game ended 2–1 with two goals scored by Porfirio Ávila and Manuel Torres.
On 20 May 2018, the club won its first championship in the LPF after defeating one of the most historical clubs in Panama, Tauro F.C. The team, managed by former goalkeeper Donaldo González, won the game 1-0 because of a penalty scored by midfielder Omar Browne. This victory gave the club the right to represent Panama in the CONCACAF Champions League. This is the very first time that the team has the opportunity to represent Panama in an international tournament, where they faced former MLS champions, Toronto F.C. winning 4–0 in the first leg and drawing 1–1 in the 2nd leg, thus eliminating them from the tournament.
CAI is crowned champion of the Closing Tournament 2022 of the Tigo Panamanian Soccer League and achieves its fourth title in Panamanian football after beating Club Deportivo Universitario 2-1 in overtime. The goals were made by Josep Cox from a penalty by Club Deportivo Universitario in the 6th minute by penalty. At the start of the second half, the CAI player Gilberto Hernández sent the ball to the net at 53 minutes from a set piece. minutes and in minute 117 Víctor Ávila scored, the winning goal.
Emblems and Motto
The team's colors are blue for signifying the idea of water and sky and yellow for signifying the idea of light, life and youth. The team's motto is:
Old logos
Honors
2000
Clausura 2013
Clausura 2017
Clausura 2018
Clausura 2019
Clausura 2020
Clausura 2022
Players
Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Notable players
Non-playing staff
Board of directors
Management hierarchy
Historical list of coaches
Performance in CONCACAF tournaments
2019: Quarter-finals
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Atcheson is a surname of Anglo-Scottish origin. Notable people with this surname:
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This list of most-downloaded Google Play applications includes most of the free apps that have been downloaded more than 500 million times, and most of the paid apps that have been downloaded more than one million times on unique Android devices. There are numerous Android apps that have been downloaded more than one million times from the Google Play app store, and it was reported in July 2017 that there are 319 apps which have been downloaded at least 100 million times and 4,098 apps have been downloaded at least ten million times. The barrier for entry on this list is set at 500 million for free apps to limit the size of this list. Many of the applications in this list are distributed pre-installed on top-selling Android devices and may be considered bloatware by some people because users did not actively choose to download them. The table below shows the number of Google Play apps in each category.
Free apps
These lists are of the apps in Google Play that are free, and have at least 500 million downloads on unique Android devices:
Key
More than 10 billion downloads
These are the Google Play apps with more than ten billion downloads on unique devices:
More than 5 billion downloads
These are the Google Play apps with more than five billion downloads, but less than ten billion downloads on unique devices:
More than 1 billion downloads
These are the Google Play apps with more than one billion downloads, but less than five billion downloads on unique devices:
More than 500 million downloads
This is the list of the Google Play apps with more than 500 million, and less than one billion downloads on unique devices:
Paid apps
This is the list of those apps in Google Play which are paid, and have at least 1 million downloads on unique Android Devices:
More than 10 million downloads
This is the list of the Google Play paid apps with more than ten million or more downloads on unique devices:
More than 5 million downloads
This is the list of the Google Play paid apps with more than 5 million and less than ten million downloads on unique devices:
More than 1 million downloads
This is the list of the Google Play paid apps with more than 1 million and less than five million downloads on unique devices:
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4c3eefd6-ec02-4525-b1d5-a7394cac851e
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Swedish-Norwegian mixed language
Svorsk (Norwegian: [ˈsvɔʂk]) or Svorska (Swedish: [ˈsvɔ̂ʂːka]) is a portmanteau of svensk(a) 'Swedish' and norsk(a) 'Norwegian' to describe a mixture of the Swedish and Norwegian languages.
The term svorsk is used to describe the language of someone (almost exclusively a Swedish or Norwegian person) who mixes words from his or her native tongue with the other language. The phenomenon is common, especially in light of the close business and trade ties between the two countries and the mutual intelligibility between the two languages, the latter in its turn being due to the common ancestry and parallel development of both Norwegian and Swedish from Old Norse (see North Germanic languages). The term originates from the 1970s.[citation needed]
Individual Swedish loanwords and phrases that are assimilated into a language, including Norwegian, are called svecisms (svesismer). This trend has been ongoing in Norwegian since the dissolution of the Dano-Norwegian Union in 1814; however, it gained momentum substantially after the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905 and has been an ongoing phenomenon of Norwegian linguistics, and still is. Indeed, the prominent Norwegian linguist Finn-Erik Vinje characterizes this influx since World War II as a breaking wave.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_Set"}
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Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona
Tower of Set is a 6,012-foot-elevation (1,832-meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of Arizona, US. This butte is situated four miles north of Hopi Point overlook on the canyon's South Rim, two miles southeast of Tower of Ra, and three miles south-southwest of Shiva Temple, where it towers 3,600 feet (1,100 meters) above the Colorado River. Tower of Set was originally named Temple of Sett in 1879 by Thomas Moran, for the Egyptian deity of war, Set, because a niche worn into its wall evoked temples in the valley of the Nile. Another source states it was named by George Wharton James, in keeping with Clarence Dutton's tradition of naming geographical features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities. This mountain's name was officially adopted in 1906 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. In 1919, Harriet Williams Russell Strong proposed connecting Hopi Point and Tower of Set across the river via an aerial tramway, an idea that never came to fruition. The first ascent was made in November 1977 by Bruce Grubbs and Jim Haggart. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Tower of Set is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone.
Geology
The top of Tower of Set is composed of the reddish Pennsylvanian-Permian Supai Group. Further down are strata of Mississippian Redwall Limestone, the Cambrian Tonto Group, and finally granite of the Paleoproterozoic Vishnu Basement Rocks at river level. Precipitation runoff from Tower of Set drains due-south to the Colorado River via Trinity Creek (east), and Ninetyfour Mile Creek (west).
Gallery
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756df67a-7148-4372-a91c-fae7870a67ca
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acmaeodera_opacula"}
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Species of beetle
Acmaeodera opacula is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in North America.
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6f7f77d5-5892-428f-a001-58fbff59eb8a
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parley_Baer"}
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American actor (1914-2002)
Parley Edward Baer (August 5, 1914 – November 22, 2002) was an American actor in radio and later in television and film. Despite dozens of appearances in television series and theatrical films, he remains best known as the original "Chester" in the radio version of Gunsmoke, and as the Mayor of Mayberry (Roy Stoner) in The Andy Griffith Show.
Early life, family and education
Parley Edward Baer was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. He studied drama at the University of Utah.
Career
Baer had a circus background, but he began his radio career at Utah station KSL.
Circus
Early in his career, Baer was a circus ringmaster and publicist. He left those roles for military service in World War II. In the 1950s, he had a job training wild animals at Jungleland USA in Thousand Oaks, California. Still later, he served as a docent at the Los Angeles Zoo.
Military
Baer was commissioned as an officer in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, attaining the rank of Captain. He served from 1942 to 1946 in the Pacific Theater, earning an Army Presidential Unit Citation, the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal, the World War II Victory Medal and seven service stars.
Radio
Baer in the 1930s served on radio as director of special events for KSL. His first network show was The Whistler, which was soon followed by appearances on Escape (notably narrating "Wild Jack Rhett" and as the title patriot in an adaptation of Stephen Vincent Benet's "A Tooth for Paul Revere"), Suspense, Tales of the Texas Rangers (as various local sheriffs), Dragnet, The CBS Radio Workshop, Lux Radio Theater, The Six Shooter, and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar, to name a few.
In 1952, he began playing Chester, the trusty jailhouse assistant to Marshal Matt Dillon on the radio version of Gunsmoke, eventually ad-libbing the character's full name, "Chester Wesley Proudfoot" (later changed to "Chester Goode" in the televised version of the series, which featured Dennis Weaver in the role of Chester). Baer also worked as a voice actor on several other radio shows produced by Norman MacDonnell, performing as Pete the Marshal on the situation comedy The Harold Peary Show, as Doc Clemens on Rogers of the Gazette, and as additional characters on Fort Laramie and The Adventures of Philip Marlowe.
Other recurring roles included Eb the farm hand on Granby's Green Acres (the radio predecessor to television's Green Acres), Gramps on The Truitts, and Rene the manservant on a radio version of The Count of Monte Cristo. His later radio work included playing Reginald Duffield and Uncle Joe Finneman on the Focus on the Family series Adventures in Odyssey in the 1980s and 1990s.
Radio playwright and director Norman Corwin cast Baer as Simon Legree in the 1969 KCET television reading of his 1938 radio play The Plot to Overthrow Christmas.
Films and television
As an on-camera performer, Baer was recognizable by his distinctive voice, his paunchy appearance, and his balding head. Often he portrayed fussy, bossy, and/or obstinate officials or neighbors. Extended television roles included blustering, by-the-book Mayor Stoner on The Andy Griffith Show, the neighbor Darby on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, frequent guest appearances on The Addams Family as insurance man and city commissioner Arthur J. Henson, and in the late 1990s, Miles Dugan on The Young and the Restless. He also appeared as a telephone executive on Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.
Baer guest-starred in the 1950s on NBC's The Dennis Day Show and It's a Great Life, on CBS's Hey, Jeannie!, on ABC's The Law and Mr. Jones with James Whitmore, on the syndicated crime drama Johnny Midnight with Edmond O'Brien, and on the NBC children's western series, Fury with Peter Graves and Bobby Diamond. He made six guest appearances on Perry Mason during the last five seasons of the CBS legal drama, including the role of Edward Farraday in the 1962 episode, "The Case of the Captain's Coins," and Willard Hupp in the 1963 episode, "The Case of the Bouncing Boomerang".
He also appeared on the ABC sitcom Harrigan and Son, on the ABC/Warner Bros. crime drama, The Roaring 20s, on NBC's crime drama Dan Raven starring Skip Homeier, and on the NBC family drama, National Velvet. Baer was cast twice on Walter Brennan's sitcom, The Real McCoys. He also guest-starred on the CBS sitcoms Dennis the Menace with Jay North, The Tom Ewell Show with Tom Ewell, and Angel, starring Annie Fargé. In the latter, he carried the lead as Dr. Mathews in the single episode "The Dentist", with Maudie Prickett as his dental secretary.
In 1961, Baer guest-starred on Marilyn Maxwell's short-lived ABC drama series, Bus Stop. On April 13, 1962, he appeared, along with Frank Ferguson and Royal Dano in ABC's crime drama Target: The Corruptors in the episode "Journey into Mourning". He was cast as hotel owner Mr. Kringelein in the 1962 film, Gypsy, opposite Natalie Wood and Rosalind Russell.
In 1963, Baer appeared with Charles Aidman and Karl Swenson in the three-part episode "Security Risk", a story of international blackmail and intrigue, on the CBS anthology series, GE True, hosted by Jack Webb.[citation needed]
In 1964, Baer was cast as a sheriff in an episode of Mickey Rooney's short-lived Mickey sitcom, and as a scientist in an Outer Limits episode, "Behold, Eck!" He was seen in four episodes of Hogan's Heroes and eight episodes of Bewitched in various roles as advertising clients of McMann and Tate.
Baer was cast as Horace Greeley, who came to Colorado in 1859 in the Pikes Peak Gold Rush, in the 1965 episode "The Great Turkey War" of the syndicated series, Death Valley Days.
In 1967, Baer appeared as General Whitfield on the I Dream of Jeannie episode, "Fly Me to the Moon".
Baer made two appearances on Petticoat Junction. In the 1966 episode, "Jury at the Shady Rest", he was Bailiff Tucker. Then, in the 1969 episode, "The Glen Tinker Caper", he was Judge Madison.
Later guest appearances included Three for the Road, Three's Company (as a cooking competition judge), The San Pedro Beach Bums, The A-Team, Star Trek: Voyager, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, The Dukes of Hazzard, Night Court, Newhart, Little House on the Prairie, The Golden Girls, Hazel, and Mad About You. He also played the role of the minister who married J. R. and Sue Ellen Ewing for their second marriage on Dallas. He also made guest appearances on F Troop.
Baer's film roles included parts in several live-action Disney features, including Follow Me, Boys! (again as a mayor), The Ugly Dachshund, and Those Calloways. He also appeared in Two on a Guillotine and Dave (as the Senate majority leader). Baer had a featured role in the 1958 war drama The Young Lions, portraying a German officer and friend of Marlon Brando.
Baer was especially proud of his brief appearance in the film, White Dog, a powerful story about racism. Baer plays a character seen at first as a kindly grandfather, only to reveal himself as a hateful bigot who has trained the title character to attack black skin. Baer remarked, "Often racism, like true evil, presents itself with a smile and a handshake".
Some 10 years earlier, Baer played a closet racist in a Christmas episode of Bewitched. The episode "Sisters at Heart" aired on ABC on December 24, 1970, in which he played the role of Mr. Brockway, the owner of a toy-manufacturing firm.
Commercials
Baer voiced Ernie Keebler in the cookie commercials before he suffered a stroke in 1997 which affected both speech and movement. He recovered sufficiently to make a handful of appearances at old-time radio conventions in his later years. In the 1980s he dressed in old-time garb as "Mr. S", one of the company founders, in commercials for S&W Fine Foods.
Personal life and death
In 1946, Baer met and married circus aerialist and bareback rider Ernestine Clarke. They were together for 54 years until her death on August 5, 2000, in Tarzana, California.
Baer was a long-term member of St. Nicholas Episcopal Church in Encino, California, where he served in many capacities, including head usher.
In 1969, Baer gave the eulogy at the funeral of The Andy Griffith Show castmate Howard McNear. McNear had portrayed Mayberry's Floyd the Barber and Baer had played Mayor Roy Stoner. McNear also portrayed Doc Adams in the radio version of Gunsmoke, often interacting with Baer's character, Chester Proudfoot.
On November 11, 2002, following another stroke, Baer was taken to the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital. Eleven days later, at the age of 88, he died there.
Filmography
Listen to
Bibliography
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ea494ce6-8a88-412d-956f-d28dee418b77
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_Cawley"}
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English boxer
William Cawley (born 6 September 1997) is an English professional boxer. He was the 2016 ABA flyweight champion and won a silver medal at the 2018 EU Championships, and also competed at the 2017 and 2018 World Series of Boxing, representing the British Lionhearts.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Parcher_Russell"}
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American historian
Carl Parcher Russell (January 18, 1894 – June 19, 1967) was a historian, ecologist, and administrator.
Russell was born January 18, 1894, in Fall River, Wisconsin. He joined the National Park Service (NPS) in 1923 as a Naturalist in Yosemite National Park. In 1931 he received a Ph.D. in Ecology from the University of Michigan. He served as an officer for the NPS for 34 years, from 1923 until his retirement in 1957. He was the Chief Naturalist of Yosemite from 1923 to 1929. He specialized in frontier history, studying its material culture in minute detail, and documented pioneer life for the NPS and others.
Russell served in several regional positions in the NPS, including NPS Chief Naturalist of Yosemite (1923–1929), regional director, and Yosemite National Park Superintendent. Russell retired from the park service in 1957, and he died at his home in Orinda, California, on June 19, 1967, after a heart attack.
Books by Carl P. Russell
Online article by Carl P. Russell
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tank_500"}
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Chinese full-size luxury SUV
Motor vehicle
The Tank 500 is a full-size luxury SUV produced by Great Wall Motor.
Overview
The Tank 500 was revealed on 29 August 2021 at the Chengdu Auto Show, and is planned for sale in late 2021.
It's the second model to be introduced from the brand after the Tank 300, and seats seven passengers across three rows.
The SUV was revealed on 29 November 2021 with the Hybrid Engine at the Thailand International Motor Expo 2021.
Powertrain and technical details
Power is provided by a 3.0-litre turbocharged V6 making 349 hp (260 kW; 354 PS) and 369 lb⋅ft (500 N⋅m; 51 kg⋅m) of torque mated to a 9-speed automatic transmission.
TANK 500 PHEV has 2.0-litre turbocharged four-cylinder outputting 300 kW (402 hp; 408 PS) and 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft; 76 kg⋅m), 9HAT gearbox. 0–100-kilometre-per-hour (0–62 mph) acceleration of 6.9 seconds and WLTC 2.3 L/100 km (43.5 km/L; 122.8 mpg‑imp; 102.3 mpg‑US).
The TANK 500 is based on a body-on-frame chassis, locking front and rear differentials, and impressive off-road capability including 8.8-inch (223.5 mm) ground clearance, a 31.5-inch (800.1 mm) wading depth, and a 29.6º approach angle.
Interior
The vehicle features a fully digital dashboard, with a 12.3-inch screen for the driver, and a 14.6-inch screen in the centre stack for infotainment.
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c2a5a5a0-ba56-40f8-8967-4e4343beb41b
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_the_World_Was_Ending"}
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Song by JP Saxe featuring Julia Michaels
"If the World Was Ending" is a song by Canadian singer JP Saxe, featuring vocals of American singer Julia Michaels. The song was released by Arista Records on October 17, 2019, through digital download and streaming formats as the lead single from his second EP Hold It Together. It is also included on his debut studio album Dangerous Levels of Introspection. The song was nominated for Song of the Year at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards, being Saxe's first nomination, and Michaels' third nomination.
Background
Speaking to Billboard, Julia Michaels said "I discovered JP Saxe’s music and posted about him around the same time he was listening to Inner Monologue. Since we were fans of each other's music, we got together for a writing session." Saxe added "Writing this song with Julia was one of the most creative experiences of my life. We wrote it the day we met and recorded it that same day." Michaels shared "The song is about that person in your life who you would come back to if the world was ending, when nothing else matters and there is nothing left to hold you back."
Regarding the sentiments evoked in the composition, Saxe expressed, "Hopefully we are looking for our sense of compassion. My hope is that it's resonating because it connects people to the part of themselves that wants to put love first, that wants to reach out to that family member they haven't talked to in a while, or that friend".
The duo recruited producer Finneas to finalize their piece. "We wanted to find a producer who was going to take up the integrity and emotional contour of our original demo and bring out what was already there. We put together our dream list of producers, and when we reached out to Finneas, he loved the song and told us he wanted to produce it. We were very excited for him to be part of it because he has such unique instincts when it comes to production. And he wanted what we wanted, which was to take the feeling of the song that was there and bring it out and accentuate that emotional world".
Composition
"If the World Was Ending" is a piano ballad, played in the keys of A minor and F minor at a tempo of 75 beats per minute. During the chorus, Saxe and Michaels are heard singing the lines over layers of backing vocals. The instrumental consists of a piano, played by Finneas, and gospel vocals. In the second and final chorus, violins are played.
About the lyrics
Throughout the song, JP Saxe, together with Julia Michaels, reminisces over a past and flawed relationship, hopefully it can start again with the best intentions and a good amount of patience. Saxe gives audiences a look into the piece's lyrics on Genius.com: "Julia scribed the lyrics at the end of the chorus. 'And there wouldn't be a reason why we would even have to say goodbye,' stabbed me in the heart when she first said it." Pondering the feeling that we don't have to wish each other farewell assures us all would be well. However, the reason for this lack of departure is dark and integrated into the removal of all consequences by the universe. Two situations exist in the song. The beginning situation happens amid a harmless earthquake. The imagined fantasy that occurs later asks, 'if everything did go to ruin, what would transpire?' The word: 'right.' holds a plethora of weight. It holds the doubt, hope, the question, 'are you with me on this?'. The term functions as the period mark following preceding events."
Commercial performance
On the Hot 100 it debuted on 96 on April 11, 2020. It peaked at number 27 on the chart dated September 12, 2020, giving Saxe's first and Michaels's second top 40.
Music videos
The music video, directed by Jason Lester, was released on October 17, 2019. After the Emergency Alert System warns of a “significant environmental event” hitting the United States, the video cuts to two lovers – JP Saxe and Julia – reviewing their last text conversation. As the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration instructs citizens to seek refuge in their nearest fallout shelter, JP reads how Julia needed some “space.” Suddenly, with extinction looming, the two reevaluate their priorities and are forced to decide just how they want to spend their last few hours on Earth.
Another music video titled "Spanglish Version" featuring Evaluna Montaner released on April 3, 2020.
The third video of the song was titled "If the World Was Ending (In Support of Doctors Without Borders)" featuring music artists was released on April 30, 2020. Sam Smith, H.E.R., Alessia Cara, Niall Horan, Keith Urban and Finneas (the song's producer) are among the long list of names who sing Saxe and Michaels' duet. Saxe explained that the collaboration was inspired by covers of the song he saw online, and he then texted the featured artists to ask if they'd want to get involved. Each artist filmed their part on their phones from their homes while self-isolating. All proceeds benefit Doctors Without Borders, where one of Saxe's friends worked, and the video ends with a special message from a participating doctor about the impact of COVID-19 on countries where many of the doctors are stationed.
"We are so grateful for the incredible work being done by those on the frontlines during this global pandemic," Saxe and Michaels said in a joint statement. "At a time when it can sometimes feel like 'the world is ending,' we thank all of the healthcare workers, first responders, and essential workers who are helping so many people in need. Please stay home, stay safe (and don't actually go over!)".
Track listing
Digital download
Remixes
Covers
Charts
Certifications
Release history
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_Were_Made_for_Me_(Freddie_and_the_Dreamers_song)"}
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1963 single by Freddie and the Dreamers
"You Were Made for Me" is a song by the English band Freddie and the Dreamers, released as a single in November 1963. It peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart.
Release
"You Were Made for Me" was written by Mitch Murray, who had co-written the band's previous single "I'm Telling You Now" with Freddie Garrity. First released in the UK in November 1963 on EMI Columbia and then in the US in March 1964 on Capitol, it was released in the majority of territories with the B-side "Send a Letter to Me", which was solely written by Garrity. "Send a Letter to Me" would be later released as a split single in the US in 1965, whereupon it bubbled under the Billboard Hot 100.
"You Were Made for Me" and "Send a Letter to Me" were included on an EP released in the UK in March 1964 along with covers of Barrett Strong's "Money (That's What I Want)" and "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" from Disney's Song of the South. In the UK, "You Were Made for Me" was not included on an album upon its release, nor was it included on You Were Mad for Me, released the following year. However, it was included as part of a medley with "Tip Toe Through the Tulips" and "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" on the album Sing-Along Party in November 1965.
Upon its release, "You Were Made for Me" went to number three on the UK Singles Chart in the first week of December, spending four weeks at this position and a total of thirteen weeks on the chart. It was also a top-ten hit in Ireland and New Zealand where it peaked at number ten and number four, respectively. The song was one of three UK top-ten chart hits Freddie and the Dreamers had in 1963 along with "If You Gotta Make a Fool of Somebody" (also peaking at number three) and "I'm Telling You Now" (peaking at number two). The band had their fourth and final top-ten hit in 1964 with "I Understand", which peaked at number five.
Despite being released in the US and Canada in early 1964, "You Were Made for Me" was not a hit there until the following year after being re-released on Capitol's subsidiary label Tower. Two versions of the single were released in 1965 in the US. The first had the original B-side "Send a Letter to Me" and the second was a split single with "So Fine" by the Beat Merchants because Capitol only owned a few masters of Freddie and the Dreamers (the rest were owned by the band's subsequent US label Mercury). However, in Canada, "You Were Made for Me" was re-released with the band's cover of "Money (That's What I Want)" as the flipside. It went on to peak at number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 and 23 on the RPM chart.
Reception
Reviewed in Record Mirror, "You Were Made for Me" was described as starting "with a surprisingly high pitched opening passage. Then the song gets under way in a high-commercial fashion. The Dreamers fit in some interesting touches, vocally, and the Garritty [sic] voice fair throbs with enjoyment. Another one bound for a high chart placing". For Disc, Don Nicholl described the song as "a romancer in the deceptively simple fashion which this composer often succeeds in striking. And, as such, it should be every bit as commercial as previous hits... both for Freddie and The Dreamers and Mr. Murray".
Charts
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Blue emperor may refer to
Topics referred to by the same term
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameletus"}
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Genus of mayflies
Ameletus is a genus of mayfly and the type genus of the family Ameletidae.
Taxonomic history
Ameletus was circumscribed by Rev. A. E. Eaton in 1885. His initial circumscription included three species, all of which were described in the same paper: the type species A. dissitus, A. subnotatus, and A. exquisitus.
R. P. Longinus Navás circumscribed the genus Chimura in 1915. It only consisted of its type species, the newly described C. aetherea. In 1960, Edmunds synonymized Chimura with Ameletus.
Paleoameletus was circumscribed by J. A. Lestage in 1940; he created it for the species A. primitivus which J. R. Traver had described the previous year. George F. Edmunds, Jr., and Jay R. Traver synonymized Paleoameletus with Ameletus in 1954.
Species
Ameletus species include:
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8d070ffd-0296-43ab-a7bf-107adc29c8cc
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freddy_the_Pied_Piper"}
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Freddy the Pied Piper (1946) is the 14th book in the humorous children's series Freddy the Pig written by American author Walter R. Brooks, and illustrated by Kurt Wiese. It tells the tale of regathering circus animals following World War II, and of earning money to repair the disused circus equipment. (The title refers to an incident where Freddy pretends to pipe mice out of town.)
Plot summary
On a snowy February 14, Freddy learns his friend Mr. Boomschmidt ran out of money for his circus during the war years, when performances were restricted. The animals scattered a year previously to manage for themselves. Freddy gets an appeal to reassemble them and find a way to finance restarting the circus. Valentines and Jinx the cat's painting aside, Freddy and Jinx go to Centerboro for advice. The bank will not loan money without collateral: “Chickens are off two cents, and lambs very weak. But rhinoceroses—not a very active market in them”. On a different matter, on Freddy's advice, the bank puts out cheese so the mice will not eat the money.
Freddy learns that the circus lion Leo is 200 miles away. He is lucky to catch his rich friend Mrs. Church driving that direction. She pays for a hotel while he and Jinx investigate. At Mrs. Guffin's pet shop Freddy buys a canary that winks at him while he is questioning. The canary turns out to be a chickadee dyed yellow; he gives Freddy enough information about Leo to confront Mrs. Guffin. They manage to free him, but are now fugitives, since Mrs. Guffin claims she owns Leo. She tries to reclaim him, but is held captive until Mrs. Church arrives to take them home.
Freddy's plan to solve the bank's mouse infestation attracted even more mice. Since the townspeople are also infested, he decides to go into business with cat acquaintances removing them. Soon they are earning good money toward restarting the circus, but Old Whibley the owl has a better plan: to rent a place for the town mice to stay the winter. The mice are won over. Freddy decides to stage a little theater, and the move into the new place is done in a parade with the pig leading as the Pied Piper.
Freddy decides to take the money earned and travel with Jinx and the circus animals to Mr. Boomschmidt. They almost reach him when they come across a race track. Some animals join a race. The rhinoceroses carrying the money is waylaid by a man from the track, and the money is stolen. They arrive at Mr. Boomschmidt's empty handed, but are welcomed just the same. While there, Freddy gets a tip from a buzzard they met on their journey, and the animals recover their money. To save Mr. Boomschmidt's pride, Freddy concocts a séance reading where the money he earned is discovered as hidden treasure. Satisfied, but not fooled, Mr. Boomschmidt restarts the circus.
Illustrations
There are 32 black and white, pen and ink drawings by Kurt Wiese, endpapers, and a full color cover, both depicting scenes from the book. Each chapter starts with a half page illustration, while a full page illustration is placed close to an event within each chapter.
Critical reception
Each book in the series received moderately positive to strongly positive critical review in sources such as the Times Literary Supplement, and Hornbook, The New York Times, and Kirkus Reviews. The contemporaneous reviews for Freddy the Pied Piper are among the least positive.
The New York Times (October 13, 1946) "If parents who have been forced to read the other twelve books aloud are a bit weary of Freddy's adventures, the children are certainly not. Before this one is cold they'll be wondering about the next book. The illustrations, as usual, are drolly appealing."
Library Journal (December 1, 1946) "Less interesting than others in this long series."
History
The circus is reforming after four years of “war conditions” (p. 12). WWII ended September 1945, and a book review was written by October 1946. This places Brooks’ writing between those months — close to the weeks the story itself takes place. The first edition was published in hardcover in 1946 by A.A. Knopf. The price was $2.00 (over $17.00 in 2007 USD). The book was republished in 2002 by the Overlook Press using the original illustrations, text and layout.
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William Mills (22 June 1866 – 8 October 1916) was a Western Australian businessman, co-founder of the biscuit manufacturer Mills and Ware.
Early life
Mills was born in Liverpool, England, on 22 June 1866. He was the son of Joseph Mills, and apprenticed as a baker. After completing his apprenticeship, he travelled to Australia by working as a ship's baker. He arrived in Melbourne, Victoria in 1887, where he got married, and remained for about eight or nine years.
Western Australian goldfields
Mills came to Western Australia c. 1896. He joined the gold rush around Kalgoorlie, where he worked as a baker, and likely earned more from that profession than from prospecting. While in the goldfields, Mills met Henry Ware who had also migrated from England, and may have been his school friend. Ware worked in the mines until health problems soon forced him to return to Perth. Mills also returned to Perth by 1897.
Business
Mills opened a bakery and patisserie shop in 1897, initially in Broome Road, Subiaco, and then in Fremantle Road, Cottesloe from 1898. His wife would sell cakes and biscuits door-to-door. By 1899, Mills bought a hand-operated biscuit-making machine, which increased their productivity so much that a larger building was required. They moved to South Fremantle, and Mills formed a partnership with Henry Ware, who provided financial support but was a "silent partner". They operated the Swan Cake and Biscuit Factory, and the business was known as Mills and Ware.
Ware died in 1904, and Mills bought out his portion of the business, obtaining full control of the business.
Personal life and other interests
Mills married a daughter of Joseph Lee of London, England, and they had three sons.
While at Cottesloe, Mills was a member of the first elected roads board, and retaining the seat for three years. He was a delegate to the first roads boards conference held at Bunbury, Western Australia. He resigned when he moved to Fremantle in 1901. He represented the ratepayers for the South Ward on the Fremantle Council for five years until his resignation at the end of 1906. He then stood for East Fremantle Council's Central Ward, and was elected. He resigned after five years to focus on his business.
Mills was chairman of the board of Fremantle Public Hospital, a Past Master of the Masonic fraternity, a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Western Australian Chamber of Manufactures, the Fremantle Golf Club, the Commercial Travellers' Association, the East Fremantle Rifle Club, and also the East Fremantle Bowling Club, where he was the first president.
Mills died on 8 October 1916. His funeral was held the next day, and he was buried in Fremantle Cemetery's Church of England section.
Mills was recognised as one of the most influential Western Australian businesspeople in The West Australian's 2013 list of the 100 most influential.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lophiotoma_jickelii"}
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Species of gastropod
Lophiotoma jickelii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turridae.
Description
The length of the shell attains 39.4 mm, its diameter 13 mm.
The narrow fusiform shell is multicarinated. Its color is white. The shell is interspersed with quadrangular chestnut spots dotted along the length in undulated lines in revolving series; the spots are on the seam keel. The turreted spire contains 11 convex whorls with five keels and numerous fine stripes in between. The second keel is double in size and becomes the main keel. It protrudes strongly, making the whorls angular and gives them a stair-like appearance. The suture is simple. The aperture is ovate and whitish inside. The columella is straight. The siphonal canal is elongated, only slightly thickened at the beginning. The outer lip is sharp and slightly fissured, with a rather short incision at the anal sinus, ending in the doubled keel.
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Papua New Guinea
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Russian footballer and coach
Salavat Askhatovich Galeyev (Russian: Салават Асхатович Галеев; born 13 October 1958) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. He is an assistant manager with FC Khimik Dzerzhinsk.
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Castleton is the name of two places in the U.S. state of New York:
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Christopher or Chris Jacobs may refer to:
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An H-back is an offensive position in American football. The H-back lines up similarly to a tight end, but is "set back" from the line of scrimmage, and is thus counted as one of the four "backs" in the offensive formation. The H-back, while similar in name, should not be confused with "halfback" or "running back", which are used to denote a separate, primary ball-carrying backfield position. The position was made notable in the National Football League (NFL) by the Washington Redskins under head coach Joe Gibbs, who ran a two tight end system. The position was named F-back when used later in Norv Turner's offensive system. The position is similar to that of a slotback.
Name
The name H-back can be confusing, because the H-back rarely carries the ball as running backs do; instead, the H-back plays a position similar to a tight end. The name stems from the playbook notation in use at the time the position was developed. Under the system used by Joe Gibbs – and indeed, by many teams then as now – the standard set of eligible ball carriers consisted of three receivers and three backs. The three receivers, the split end, tight end, and flanker, were labeled "X", "Y", and "Z" on play diagrams. The three backs, quarterback, halfback, and fullback, were labeled "Q", "H", and "F". Gibbs' innovation was to move one of the backs up near the line of scrimmage, to act as an extra tight end. At the time the system was developed, the best running back on the Redskins' roster was John Riggins, a fullback. Since Riggins and quarterback Joe Theismann were vital to the team at the time, the lesser used halfback was removed and replaced with an extra tight end. The standard notation was retained; however, this new tight end was still assigned the "H" symbol on play diagrams, hence the name "H-back" for the position. Like a flanker, the H-back was set back from the line of scrimmage, and the role was often played by an athletic tight end. The H-back often has to be versatile; as a backfield member, they can be lined up to act as a lead blocker on running plays. However, the H-back also fills the roles of a traditional tight end, catching passes over the middle and pass blocking when needed.
Washington Redskins
In the 1980s–2000s Washington Redskins offensive system, the H-back is asked to block, pass protect, and run receiving routes from multiple sets. This compares to the standard tight end which was used primarily as an extra blocker on Washington offensive line. The H-back can line up in the backfield, on the line, or is put into motion. Because of the complexity of the position, a thorough knowledge of the offense is desirable in an H-back. The position, indeed the entire two tight end offense, was created by Gibbs as a direct response to Lawrence Taylor, the New York Giants' dominant linebacker. As Gibbs stated, "We had to try in some way have a special game plan just for Lawrence Taylor. Now you didn't do that very often in this league but I think he's one person that we learned the lesson the hard way. We lost ball games."
Other uses
Offensive formations that utilize the H-back are not commonly used in professional football today. The most recent examples of a professional football team employing the H-back are the Cleveland Browns from 2001 to 2004 under head coach Butch Davis, and the Chicago Bears in 2010 under offensive coordinator Mike Martz, where Brandon Manumaleuna was featured in the role. The Cincinnati Bengals, under coach Marvin Lewis, have used Ryan Hewitt, and at times Jake Fisher, as H-backs since 2014. Aaron Hernandez formerly of the New England Patriots, while a nominal tight end, was often featured as an H-back/wide receiver when Rob Gronkowski was also in the game. Chris Cooley also flourished in his role as an H-back in the offense run by the Washington Redskins during the Joe Gibbs era.
Teams at high school and collegiate levels sometimes utilize H-back formations, but usually only if they have exceptional talent and depth at the tight end and fullback positions. For example, Brigham Young University is traditionally strong at the tight end position, and the Cougars frequently use H-back formations to put their most talented players on the field at one time. During their record-breaking 1996 season, BYU used H-back formations almost every down to allow ample playing time for both Chad Lewis and Itula Mili. Even more recently, the Wisconsin Badgers have used the H-back position to great effect with Owen Daniels, Travis Beckum, Garrett Graham, and Lance Kendricks, all of whom have played in the NFL. The 2011 Houston Texans played two of these former Wisconsin Badger H-backs, Owen Daniels and Garrett Graham, as tight ends and converted their former tight end James Casey (Rice University) to an H-back. Additionally, the Oregon Ducks have been experimenting with dual H-back sets as recently as the 2011 BCS Championship game. Charles Clay is a current example of an H-back. Former quarterback Braxton Miller of Ohio State has also been featured in the position recently, running jet sweeps and passing routes out of high-versatility formations.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Martiny"}
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French-American sculptor (1858–1927)
Philip H. Martiny (May 19, 1858 – June 26, 1927) was a French-American sculptor who worked in the Paris atelier of Eugene Dock, where he became foreman before emigrating to New York in 1878—to avoid conscription in the French army, he later claimed. In the United States he found work with Augustus Saint-Gaudens, with whom he remained five years; a fellow worker in Saint-Gaudens' shop was Frederick MacMonnies. A group photograph taken in Saint-Gaudens's studio about 1883, conserved in the Archives of American Art, shows Kenyon Cox, Richard Watson Gilder, Martiny, Francis Davis Millet, Saint-Gaudens, Julian Alden Weir and Stanford White.
He often worked in cooperation with architects in Beaux-Arts architecture. He lived in Bayside, Long Island, and had a sculpture studio in McDougal Alley, a fashionable former mews behind Washington Square Park. Much of his work is in New York City, though he provided bas-reliefs for the Art Institute of Chicago and for government buildings in Washington, DC. Martiny was one of the colony who gathered round Saint-Gaudens at Cornish, New Hampshire.
Martiny was one of the large team of decorative sculptors assembled to carry out details for the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893, where he settled for a year to carry out the clay models for many somewhat facile decorative allegorical figures, cherubs, caryatids and the like. Karl Bitter diplomatically characterised Martiny's technique:
He works with incredible rapidity and apparently with little reflection, but always with such an instinct for the right thing, decoratively speaking, that he rarely fails in his results
The sculptures, which were carried out in staff, a weather-resistant plaster, were destroyed with the exhibition buildings, but the successful effect they produced led to further similar commissions at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York (1901) and the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St Louis (1904). His growing reputation led to his only medal, an award medal for the 1895 Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia.
Though he was a member of the National Sculpture Society, Philip Martiny was not considered by his contemporaries as a sculptor of the first rank, and the assignation to him by the Tammany Hall architects given the plum project of completing designs for the New York City Hall of Records (later the Surrogate's Court) after the architect John R. Thomas's unexpected death in 1901, raised objections that tested the New York Art Commission's authority to accept or reject sculpture by Henry Kirke Bush-Brown and Martiny for the building. Daniel Chester French was called in to offer suggestions for improved subjects which Martiny finished in 1907.
In the midst of the project Martiny was interviewed for The New York Times giving the first impression that Martiny operated a commercial sculpture factory "where Art rubs elbows cheerfully, indiscriminately, with Life's less romantic work" but ending with admiration for the sculptor's likeness of the late President McKinley.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Philip Martiny.
After the First World War, Martiny received two commissions for colossal figures commemorating the fallen soldiers: the Chelsea Park Memorial, at 28th Street and 9th Avenue and the memorial in Abingdon Square Park, where 8th Avenue commences.
Martiny married twice and had eight children. A debilitating stroke ended his career, and a second one finished his life. His papers, compiled by Martiny's grandson, Raymond J. Linder, are conserved in the Archives of American Art, The Smithsonian Institution.
Selected works
An extensive list of Martiny's executed commissions, is on-line at National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Research Information. System.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Hamilton,_2nd_Baron_HolmPatrick"}
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Anglo-Irish soldier and peer (1886–1942)
Hans Wellesley Hamilton, 2nd Baron HolmPatrick DSO MC DL (8 August 1886 – 5 September 1942) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and peer.
Hamilton was the only son of Ion Hamilton, who was raised to the peerage in 1897 as Baron HolmPatrick. His father, grandfather James Hans Hamilton and great-grandfather Hans Hamilton all served as Members of Parliament for County Dublin. His mother, Lady Victoria Alexandrina Wellesley, was the daughter of Major-General Lord Charles Wellesley, granddaughter of the Duke of Wellington, and goddaughter of Queen Victoria.
He attended Eton College followed by the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He inherited the barony in 1898 after his father's death. In 1906, he was commissioned in the 16th Lancers, and was adjutant from 1912 to 1914. He was wounded in the First World War, during which he was promoted to captain and was a brigade-major and formerly captain in the Lancers. He was mentioned in dispatches three times, and awarded the Military Cross in the 1915 Birthday Honours. awarded the Distinguished Service Order in the 1919 New Year Honours. He later served as Deputy Lieutenant for County Dublin and was provincial commissioner for the Province of Leinster Boy Scouts.
On 27 October 1925, he married Lady Edina Dorothy Hope Ainsworth (née Conyngham), fourth daughter of Henry Conyngham, 4th Marquess Conyngham, three months after her divorce from her first husband, Sir Thomas Ainsworth, 2nd Baronet. HolmPatrick died in 1942 at the family seat at Abbotstown, Castleknock. He was survived by one daughter and one son, James Hans Hamilton, who succeeded as the third baron. Lady HolmPatrick died in 1964.
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owa_Hutterite_Colony"}
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Hutterite colony based in Owa, Japan
Hutterite Colony in Tochigi, Japan
The Christian Community of New Hutterian Brethren at Ōwa (大輪) was a Hutterite colony of the Dariusleut branch in Japan. It was located near Ōwa village in Nasu District, Tochigi. It existed from 1972 to the end of 2019. The members of the colony were ethnic Japanese.
History
Background
Buddhists have a long tradition of communal living and there are several Buddhist communities in Japan. Therefore, the idea of communal living was not totally uncommon for Japanese Christians. The founders of Ōwa Colony wanted to establish communal living modeled after the Buddhist Ittoen (一燈園) commune, but based on Christian principles.
In the 1950s, the United Church of Christ, led by Izeki Isomi, began communal living in Kōriyama. Lacking an organisational model, the Church studied kibbutzim in Israel, but abandoned this model of structure for that of the North American Hutterites, who they established contact with through the Dariusleut Wilson Siding Colony near Lethbridge, Alberta. The Church quickly adopted many aspects of the Hutterite way of life, including their European-style dress, which briefly became fashionable within the city of Kōriyama following its adoption by the Church.
In 1972, the Church decided to move out of Kōriyama's urban environment in order to further develop its Hutterite principles. The Ōwa Colony proper was founded, with the group establishing the colony on six acres of land under the leadership of Izeki and with the financial assistance of the Wilson Colony in Alberta.
Ōwa Colony
The colony developed a broad base of agricultural activities, growing twenty different crops including wheat, soy beans, potatoes, apples, raspberries and carrots, for both commercial and their own use; as a result, the colony was effectively self-sufficient. The colony also produces bread, plum wine and has a fresh water spring providing access to potable water year round. During the 1970s, the colony accepted contract work assembling television components, but discontinued this practice by 1977 because of the imposed deadlines interfering with Colony life.
Throughout the 1970s, there were strong ties between the Japanese and Canadian colonies, with letters being exchanged twice a month and published in Ōwa's biweekly journal, Budō-en (Vineyard). Izeki and other colonists made frequent trips to the Wilson Colony in Alberta to learn more about the Hutterite way of life, with Izeki and his wife being baptized there in 1975 in a Japanese language ceremony by John Würz, the colony's head minister. After Izeki himself was ordained there as a Hutterite minister in 1977, he was able to baptize the rest of the Ōwa colonists in Japan. In 1977, the possibility of Watanabe Masako, a young unmarried female member of the Ōwa Colony, marrying a Canadian Hutterite who could eventually take over the Ōwa Colony was discussed, but this idea was dropped. Watanabe continued to be the most active single conduit between Japan and Canada, even learning German and teaching Reverend Wurz the limited Japanese for his baptism of Izeki in 1975.
Izeki died in 1983 of a brain hemorrhage during the reconstruction of Ōwa's church, with Kikuta Fumio taking over as his successor.
Doctrine
In the early days, there was greater adherence to conservative Dariusleut doctrine, with colonists living an austere lifestyle – this was often learned firsthand, as many founding Ōwa members lived for extended periods in Hutterite colonies in North America, including Wilson Colony. This caused some friction, with member Katizum Tamura pushing for a more modernistic approach to life, against the inclinations of the conservative First Minister Reverend Izeki. This eventually lead to Tamura and his family leaving the colony with his wife and three children.
Despite this, by 2009 a less strict lifestyle had steadily been adopted, more reminiscent of the liberal Schmiedeleut Hutterite branch than the founding conservative Dariusleut tradition; this is reflected in the organizational structure, and also personal choices such as the wearing of wristwatches, the discarding of traditional Hutterite headgear for both men and women, and women's wearing of trousers for work – something which would be unthinkable in North American Hutterite colonies. This has been speculated to be a consequence of the Colony's gender imbalance, which heavily favors women.
In some areas, however, the Ōwa Colony's lifestyle significantly deviates even from the most liberal trends of some North American Hutterite colonies. For example, public access to a television and DVD player for all members, church services being held only once a week instead of once a day, and sending children to a local school instead of educating them on the Colony, which has been described as "The greatest difference between Ōwa Colony and the North American colonies".
Population
In 1971 the group that would form Ōwa Colony had 19 members (4 men, 11 women and 4 children). The population would peak in 1981 with about thirty members, from where it steadily declined. Despite early hopes of establishing a self-sustaining population, children born into the Ōwa Colony later married outside the community and left. Some of these adults born into the Colony still continue as members of the Hutterite Church, and occasionally contribute labour, remaining in contact with their families on the Colony, but do not live communally themselves. By 2010 there were 9 members (7 still living in the community), mostly elderly people. The demographic outlook of the Ōwa Colony has been described as "grim", and "destined for extinction", mirroring a nationwide Japanese trend of low fertility and an aging population. After the death of Rev. Fumio "Joseph" Kikuta, his wife Yukio became the last spokesperson of the community. Eventually Ōwa Colony was disbanded on December 31, 2019.
Literature
Coordinates: 36°54′13″N 140°08′10″E / 36.9035°N 140.1362°E / 36.9035; 140.1362
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wynns_Mill,_Georgia"}
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Wynns Mill is an extinct town in Henry County, in the U.S. state of Georgia.
History
The community was named after J.A. C. Wynn, proprietor of a local gristmill and sawmill. A post office called Wynn's Mill was established in 1877, and remained in operation until 1895.
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Town in New South Wales, Australia
Crystal Creek is a town located in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia, in the Tweed Shire.
Demographics
In the 2016 census, Crystal Creek recorded a population of 259 people, a decrease from the 395 people recorded in 2011. 51.9% of residents are female and 48.1% male.
The median age of the Crystal Creek population was 44 years, six years above the national median of 38.
84.3% of people living in Crystal Creek were born in Australia. The other top responses for country of birth were Germany 2.7%, Netherlands 1.6%, Italy 1.2%, United Arab Emirates 1.2% and India 1.2%.
89.3% of people spoke only English at home; the only other response for language spoken at home was German 3.1%.
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0eb9bca6-d202-4b97-b926-dfa32d810b63
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheryl_Sandberg"}
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American social media executive and activist (born 1969)
Sheryl Kara Sandberg (born August 28, 1969) is an American business executive, billionaire, and philanthropist. Sandberg served as chief operating officer (COO) of Meta Platforms, a position from which she stepped down in August 2022. She is also the founder of LeanIn.Org. In 2008, she was made COO at Facebook, becoming the company's second-highest ranking official. In June 2012, she was elected to Facebook's board of directors, becoming the first woman to serve on its board. As head of the company's advertising business, Sandberg was credited for making the company profitable. Prior to joining Facebook as its COO, Sandberg was vice president of global online sales and operations at Google and was involved in its philanthropic arm Google.org. Before that, Sandberg served as chief of staff for United States Secretary of the Treasury Lawrence Summers.
In 2012, she was named in the Time 100, an annual list of the most influential people in the world. On Forbes Magazine's 2021 billionaires list, Sandberg is reported to have a net worth of US$1.7 billion, due to her stock holdings in Facebook and in other companies. In 2022, she announced she would be stepping down as Meta COO in the fall but that she would remain on its board.
Early life and education
Sandberg was born in 1969 in Washington, D.C., to a Jewish family, the daughter of Adele (née Einhorn) and Joel Sandberg, and the oldest of three children. Her father is an ophthalmologist, and her mother was a college teacher of French language.
Her family moved to North Miami Beach, Florida, when she was two years old. She attended North Miami Beach High School, from which she graduated in 1987 ranked ninth in her class. She was sophomore class president, became a member of the National Honor Society, and was on the senior class executive board. Sandberg taught aerobics in the 1980s while in high school.
In 1987, Sandberg enrolled at Harvard College. She graduated in 1991 summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa with a Bachelor of Arts in economics and was awarded the John H. Williams Prize for the top graduating student in economics. While at Harvard, she co-founded an organization called Women in Economics and Government. She also met Professor Lawrence Summers, who became her mentor and thesis adviser. Summers recruited her to be his research assistant at the World Bank, where she worked for approximately one year on health projects in India dealing with leprosy, AIDS, and blindness.
In 1993, she enrolled at Harvard Business School and in 1995 she earned her MBA with highest distinction. In her first year of business school, she earned a fellowship.
Career
Early career
After graduating from business school in the spring of 1995, Sandberg worked as a management consultant for McKinsey & Company for approximately one year (1995–1996). From 1996 to 2001 she again worked for Lawrence Summers, who was then serving as the United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Bill Clinton, as his chief of staff. Sandberg assisted in the Treasury's work on forgiving debt in the developing world during the Asian financial crisis.
She later joined Google in 2001, where she was responsible for online sales of Google's advertising and publishing products as well as for sales operations of Google's consumer products and Google Book Search. During her time at Google, she grew the ad and sales team from four people to 4,000.
Facebook / Meta Platforms
In late 2007, Mark Zuckerberg, co-founder and chief executive of Facebook, met Sandberg at a Christmas party held by Dan Rosensweig. Zuckerberg had no formal search for a Chief Operating Officer (COO), but thought of Sandberg as "a perfect fit" for this role. In March 2008, Facebook announced the hiring of Sandberg for the role of COO and her leaving Google.
After joining the company, Sandberg quickly began trying to figure out how to make Facebook profitable. Before she joined, the company was "primarily interested in building a really cool site; profits, they assumed, would follow." By late spring,[when?] Facebook's leadership had agreed to rely on advertising, "with the ads discreetly presented"; by 2010, Facebook became profitable. According to Facebook, she oversees the firm's business operations including sales, marketing, business development, human resources, public policy, and communications.
In 2012, she became the eighth member (and the first woman) of Facebook's board of directors.
In April 2014, it was reported that Sandberg had sold over half of her shares in Facebook since the company went public. At the time of Facebook's IPO, she held approximately 41 million shares in the company; after several rounds of sales she is left with around 17.2 million shares, amounting to a stake of 0.5% in the company, worth about $1 billion.
The New York Times published a report in 2018 detailing Sandberg's role in handling Facebook's public relations after revelations of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections and its Cambridge Analytica data scandal. According to The Wall Street Journal, during a meeting, Zuckerberg blamed Sandberg personally for the outcome of the scandal, and that Sandberg "confided in friends that the exchange rattled her, and she wondered if she should be worried about her job."
On November 29, 2018, The New York Times reported that Sandberg had personally asked Facebook's communications staff to conduct research into George Soros's finances days after Soros publicly criticized tech companies, including Facebook, at the World Economic Forum. In a statement, Facebook said the research into Soros "was already underway when Sheryl [Sandberg] sent an email asking if Mr. Soros had shorted Facebook's stock."
On June 1, 2022, Sandberg announced she would be leaving Meta as COO in the fall of 2022 but would remain on the board of directors. Stating a reason for stepping down, Sandberg stated "it is time for me to write the next chapter of my life."
Boards
In 2009, Sandberg was named to the board of The Walt Disney Company. She also serves on the boards of Women for Women International, the Center for Global Development, and V-Day. She was previously a board member of Starbucks, Brookings Institution, and Ad Council.
Other work and ventures
In 2008, Sandberg wrote an article for The Huffington Post in support of her mentor, Larry Summers, who was under fire for his comments about women. She was a keynote speaker at the Jewish Community Federation's Business Leadership Council in 2010. In December 2010, she gave a TED speech titled "Why we have too few women leaders." In May 2011, she gave the Commencement Address at the Barnard College graduation ceremony. She spoke as the keynote speaker at the Class Day ceremony at the Harvard Business School in May 2012. In April 2013, she was the keynote speaker during the second annual Entrepreneur Weekend at Colgate University, in Hamilton, New York. In 2015, she signed an open letter which the ONE Campaign had been collecting signatures for; the letter was addressed to Angela Merkel and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, urging them to focus on women as they serve as the head of the G7 in Germany and the AU in South Africa respectively, which will start to set the priorities in development funding before a main UN summit in September 2015 that will establish new development goals for the generation. In 2016, she delivered the Commencement Address at the University of California, Berkeley graduation ceremony. It was the first time she spoke publicly about her husband's death, and stressed the importance of resilience. The following year she delivered the Commencement Address to Virginia Tech's Class of 2017. On June 8, 2018, she gave the Commencement Address for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA. And she has been member of the advisory board of the Peter G. Peterson Foundation.
Lean In
Sandberg released her first book, Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead, co-authored by Nell Scovell and published by Knopf on March 11, 2013.
The book concerns business leadership and development, issues with the lack of women in government and business leadership positions, and feminism. As of the fall of 2013, the book had sold more than one million copies and was on top of the bestseller lists since its launch.
Lean In is intended for professional women to help them achieve their career goals and for men who want to contribute to a more equitable society. The book argues that barriers are still preventing women from taking leadership roles in the workplace, barriers such as discrimination, blatant and subtle sexism, and sexual harassment. Sandberg claims there are also barriers that women create for themselves through internalizing systematic discrimination and societal gender roles. Sandberg argues that in order for change to happen women need to break down these societal and personal barriers by striving for and achieving leadership roles. The ultimate goal is to encourage women to lean in to positions of leadership because she believes that by having more female voices in positions of power there will be more equitable opportunities created for everyone.
A truly equal world would be one where women ran half our countries and companies and men ran half our homes.
Criticism of the book includes claims that Sandberg is "too elitist" and another that she is "tone-deaf" to the struggles faced by the average woman in the workplace. The point that women should not have to mimic men and that society needs to change to adapt to women's issues instead is made by former Facebook employee Marissa Orr in Lean Out. For example, the book has been criticized for overlooking the struggles of mothers who may not be able to "lean in." Sandberg mentions both of these issues in the introduction of her book, stating that she is "acutely aware that the vast majority of women are struggling to make ends meet and take care of their families" and that her intention was to "offer advice that would have been useful long before I had heard of Google or Facebook." Furthermore, following the Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal, Sandberg's willingness to actually lean in has been put into question. "She's not leaning in at all," McNamee said, in a reference Sandberg's widely read book published five years ago. "If ever there was a time for her to lean in, this is it."
In her book, she does suggest other women to lean in during challenges.
...we're failing to encourage women to aspire to leadership. It is time to cheer on girls and women who want to sit at the table, seek challenges, and lean in to their careers.
Instead, she has been perceived as a COO who avoids engaging in this crisis. "Sandberg, the architect of the business model that is now the subject of so much scrutiny, has remained silent in public." In her book she recognizes those who do tackle crises:
I have the deepest respect for people who provide hands-on help to those in crises. It is the most difficult work in the world.
Option B
Sandberg released her second book, Option B, in April 2017. Option B is co-authored with Adam Grant, a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. The book puts emphasis on grief and resilience in challenges within life. It offers practical tips for creating resilience in the family and community. 2.75 million copies have been sold since publication.
Ban Bossy
In March 2014, Sandberg and Lean In sponsored the Ban Bossy campaign, a television and social media campaign designed to discourage the word bossy from general use due to its perceived harmful effect on young girls. Several video spots with spokespersons including Beyoncé, Jennifer Garner, and Condoleezza Rice among others were produced along with a web site providing school training material, leadership tips, and an online pledge form to which visitors can promise not to use the word.
Sheryl Sandberg & Dave Goldberg Family Foundation
In November 2016, Sandberg renamed her Lean In Foundation to the Sheryl Sandberg & Dave Goldberg Family Foundation, after herself and her late husband. This new foundation serves as an umbrella for LeanIn.Org and a new organization around her book Option B. Sandberg also transferred roughly $100,000,000 in Facebook stock to fund the foundation and other charitable endeavors.
Personal life
Sandberg married Brian Kraff in 1993 and divorced a year later. In 2004, she married Dave Goldberg, then an executive with Yahoo! and later CEO of SurveyMonkey. The couple have a son and a daughter. Sandberg and Goldberg frequently discussed being in a shared earning/shared parenting marriage. Sandberg also raised the issue of single parenting conflicting strongly with professional and economic development in America.
On May 1, 2015, Dave Goldberg died unexpectedly, and his death was originally reported as resulting from sustaining a head trauma falling from a treadmill, while the couple was vacationing in Mexico. Sandberg has subsequently said that her husband's cause of death was due to an arrhythmia, and not due to falling from a treadmill.
Sandberg dated Activision Blizzard CEO Bobby Kotick from 2016 to 2019. According to an April 21, 2022 report by The Wall Street Journal, Sandberg was part of a coordinated campaign to prevent the Daily Mail from publishing a story about a temporary restraining order towards Kotick by a former girlfriend in 2014. At the time of The Journal's report, Kotick's company was facing lawsuits over allegations of widespread sexual misconduct, of which Kotick himself was alleged to have participated in. These campaigns occurred first in 2016 (when Sandberg and Kotick began dating), and again in 2019 (the year they broke up). The Journal stated that Facebook was reviewing whether Sandberg violated the company’s rules.
On February 3, 2020, she announced her engagement on Facebook to Kelton Global CEO Tom Bernthal. They were married in August 2022. Bernthal has three children and Sandberg has two, and they live together in Menlo Park, California.
Politics
Sandberg supported Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. She declined to endorse Elizabeth Warren, an outspoken critic of Facebook, multiple times throughout the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, though stated, "I imagine I will support a Democratic nominee" over incumbent Donald Trump.
Honors
Books
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manx_Americans"}
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Americans of Manx birth or descent
Manx Americans are Americans of full or partial Manx ancestral origin or Manx people who reside in the United States of America.
Settlement in Ohio
The city of Cleveland, Ohio is said to have the highest concentration of Americans of Manx descent in the United States. They predominantly descend from the village of Andreas on the northern side in the Isle of Man. From 1822 onwards, many families such as the Corlett family, becoming farmers and easing land by the Connecticut Land Company. In 1826 more families such as the Kelley’s, Teare’s, and Kneen’s established themselves in Newburgh which would encourage more Manx settlement into the area. Cleveland was a town of only six hundred people. A population grew to around 3000 of both Manx-born or of Manx descent bound together by their Manx language and customs. Amongst the immigrants was William Corlett who donated land for the community's log schoolhouse so Manx children would be educated in their native Manx and English languages.
Notable people
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87331600-343b-41f6-9361-2993d9949156
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null |
Place in Greece
Sindos (Greek: Σίνδος; Latin: Sindus; is a suburb of Thessaloniki, Greece. It is the seat of the municipality of Delta. Sindos is home to the main campus of the Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki and the Industrial Zone of the city. The community Sindos has an area of 47.248 km2. The population was 9,289 at the 2011 census.
In antiquity, Sindos was noted by Herodotus (vii. 123); and Stephanus of Byzantium as a maritime town of Mygdonia in Macedonia, between Therme and Chalastra. The site of the ancient town is tentatively identified with a location near modern Nea Ankhialos, located at 40°40′12″N 22°48′00″E / 40.669962°N 22.800064°E / 40.669962; 22.800064.
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916714d7-3ebc-43e6-8e93-6e3963a157cf
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrit_Bhattarai"}
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Nepalese cricketer
Amrit Bhattarai (born 30 December 1990) is a Nepalese cricketer. Amrit is a right-handed batsman and a left-arm medium-fast bowler. He made his debut for Nepal against Hong Kong in October 2006. He is currently in the National Team.
He represents the APF Club of the National League and Kantipur Gurkhas of the Nepal Premier League.
Junior career
Amrit Bhattarai started his national cricketing career by representing Nepal in the 2005 edition of the ACC U-15 tournament. Following impressive performances, Bhattarai secured a place in the under-19 team the same year during the ACC Under-19 Asia Cup where he managed to claim 13 wickets and this performance helped Bhattarai cement his spot in the squad for the 2006 Under-19 World Cup. He scored 82 runs in an inning against Saudi Arabia Under-19, which is his highest score in batting.
Senior career
Bhattarai debuted for the senior national team in 2006 during the ACC Premier League. Slots for fast bowlers were limited then as the lethal opening duo of Binod Das and Mehboob Alam reigned as the strike bowlers of Nepal and Bhattarai wasn't able to outperform the two stars of the national team. Consequently, he had to wait for two years before the left-arm medium pace bowler was recalled to the national squad for the 2008 ICC World Cricket League Division Five.
Bhattarai wasn't able to perform to his potential and failed to make any headlines during the tournament due to which he had to wait for another two years before he was recalled into the squad in 2010 for the ACC Trophy and the Division Four tournament.
Being left out of the squad twice must have gnawed at Bhattarai, who seemed to return with a vengeance during the 2010 Division Four tournament where he bowled exceptionally well to scalp a total of 12 wickets for the eventual tournament winners, Nepal, and since then, Bhattarai hasn't struggled to maintain his place in the national senior side. Some of his memorable performances include four wickets against Singapore in the 2012 Division Four, three against Hong Kong in 2012 ACC Trophy Elite and three against UAE in the 2011 ACC Twenty20 Cup tournament.
Amrit missed the 2013 ACC Emerging Teams Cup in Singapore in August 2013 and 2014 World Cup Qualifier in New Zealand in January 2014. He rode on his luck to find a place in the national team for the 2014 ICC World Twenty20 after all-rounder Prithu Baskota failed to prove his fitness just a week before leaving to the UAE for training. But he didn't get to play a single match.
He made his comeback for the team in the 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three, where he played four matches and picked up four wickets in the tournament.
He made his Twenty20 International debut for Nepal playing against Hong Kong in the Sri Lanka Tour in November 2014 where he also played a three-day match against Sri Lanka Cricket Combined XI.
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013b7341-5db3-423b-9790-89d6ebc85aa7
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pernille_Harder_(badminton)"}
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Danish badminton player
Badminton player
Pernille Harder (born 3 September 1977) is a former Danish badminton player from Kastrup-Magleby BK.
Harder competed in badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics in women's doubles with partner Mette Schjoldager. They beat the Australian pairs Jane Crabtree and Kate Wilson-Smith, but the duo were defeated by Ra Kyung-min and Lee Kyung-won of South Korea in the round of 16.
Achievements
European Championships
Women's doubles
European Junior Championships
Girls' singles
Mixed doubles
IBF World Grand Prix
Women's doubles
Mixed doubles
IBF International
Women's singles
Women's doubles
Mixed doubles
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eb872e83-d4e3-4f98-af94-fde75be6a1ea
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca_Mazzoni"}
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Italian footballer
Luca Mazzoni (born 29 March 1984 in Livorno) is an Italian football goalkeeper. He last played for Livorno.
Career
Livorno
After many year as backups, for Alfonso De Lucia (2008–2011), Francesco Bardi (2011–12) and Vincenzo Fiorillo (2012–13), Mazzoni was signed by Calcio Padova in a temporary deal in 2013. In 2014 Mazzoni returned to Livorno as the first choice. Mazzoni and Livorno agreed to terminate the contract in 2015.
Ternana
In 2015 Mazzoni was signed by Ternana in a 1+1 year contract, replacing Alberto Brignoli.
Back to Livorno
He returned to Livorno in 2016, as the first choice goalkeeper during the club's two Serie C campaigns, with the latter ending with promotion to Serie B. He was successively confirmed in his role for the 2018–19 Serie B season, but was suspended by the Italian Football Federation on 6 March 2019 after being found positive to cocaine following a routine drug test. On 23 July 2019 he was formally banned for four years from any football activities.
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f5369dbf-38cb-4fdf-a0db-0d201953e0bf
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr%C3%B3wki,_Greater_Poland_Voivodeship"}
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Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
Mrówki [ˈmrufki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilczyn, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Wilczyn, 33 km (21 mi) north of Konin, and 84 km (52 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
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f43c1445-7054-489e-bcb0-cdc471caf159
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miki_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez"}
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Spanish singer (born 1996)
Musical artist
Miguel "Miki" Núñez Pozo (born 6 January 1996) is a Spanish singer and television personality from Terrassa. He gained national recognition after placing sixth in series ten of the reality television talent competition Operación Triunfo. Núñez consequently represented Spain at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2019, with the song "La Venda". The singer would release two studio albums afterwards through Universal Music, Amuza (2019) and Iceberg (2020) to great commercial success.
Career
2018–2019: Operación Triunfo and Eurovision Song Contest
Before Operación Triunfo, Miki studied guitar and piano, as well as a degree in Primary education teaching. He also was a vocalist in cover band Dalton Bang, with whom he toured Catalonia performing. In 2018, Miki auditioned for the tenth series of Operación Triunfo, being one of the 18 contestants selected for the opening gala, and making it to the semi-finals en route to finishing in sixth place.
Miki was then one of the 13 Operación Triunfo contestants allocated songs for the show's side competition to choose Spain's entrant in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019. He was given a total of three songs: "Nadie se salva", a duet with Natalia Lacunza, and solo songs "El equilibrio" and "La venda". While "El equilibrio" failed to make the first cut, "Nadie se salva" and "La venda" advanced to the Eurovision Gala, making him and Lacunza the only contestants with more than one song to perform in the national final. On 20 January 2019, Miki received the 34% by audience vote and was selected to represent Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with "La venda".
Miki was the last to perform at the Eurovision final, held on 18 May 2019 in Tel Aviv, Israel. He placed twenty-second out of the 26 participating countries with 54 points: 1 from the professional juries and 53 from the televote.
2019: Amuza
Núñez released a single titled "Celébrate" on 28 June 2019. The single preceded the release of his first studio album, titled Amuza, on 13 September 2019. It debuted at number one on the Spanish Albums Chart. The release of the album was followed by the same-titled tour in fourteen cities across Spain.
2020–present: Iceberg and television projects
On 8 May 2020, Núñez released a single titled "Me Vale". The song was included in his second studio album, titled Iceberg, that was released on 20 November 2020 and debuted at number four on the Spanish Albums Chart.
In October 2020, Núñez debuted as television presenter for the TV3 reality television music competition Cover. In 2022, he hosted another TV3 music talent show, Eufòria, alongside Marta Torné. Also in 2022, Telecinco announced Núñez as the host for the online casting of Got Talent España. In January and February 2023, Nuñez, alongside Aitor Albizua, hosted La Noche del Benidorm Fest, the side show of the television song contest Benidorm Fest 2023.
Discography
Albums
Singles
As featured artist
Promotional singles
Other charted songs
Filmography
Television
Awards and nominations
Los 40 Music Awards
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90c26e49-64a2-435f-a2f9-f8025a056de3
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odorrana_swinhoana"}
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Species of frog
Odorrana swinhoana is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Taiwan and widely distributed in hilly areas below 2,000 m (6,600 ft). It is named for Robert Swinhoe, a British naturalist and diplomat. Its common names include Swinhoe's brown frog, Bangkimtsing frog, brown-backed odorous frog, Taiwan odorous frog, and Taiwan sucker frog.
Description
Odorrana swinhoana are medium to large-sized frogs, reaching a maximum snout-vent length of 12 cm (4.7 in). They can live up to 11 years. Sizes vary by location; males from a low-lying location measured on average 58 and 73 mm (2.3 and 2.9 in) in snout–vent length, respectively, and from a highland location 73 and 85 mm (2.9 and 3.3 in), respectively. The dorsum is bright green and the flanks are brown or green, broken up by white or dark mottling. The dorsal skin is finely pebbled. The venter is white. The finger tips bear well developed discs. The toes have well developed webbing.
The tadpoles are adapted to running water and have a ventral sucking disc. The back is green.
Habitat and conservation
Odorrana swinhoana occur in hill streams in broadleaf forests. They forage on both terrestrial and aquatic prey, primarily on insects and arachnids, but also gastropods, crustaceans, and chilopods. Breeding takes place in small mountainous, shady, rocky creeks. Males call day and night, usually hidden in crevices among the rocks. The eggs are attached to rocks under the water.
It is a common species that is not facing serious threats, although agriculture and infrastructure development represent some threats. It is present in a number of protected areas.
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57ec2be1-69c3-429f-85c0-cf461b6d47ad
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Australian writer
Asphyxia is a Deaf Australian artist, writer, activist and public speaker. She is the author of Future Girl (Australian title) / The Words in My Hands (North American title), and winner of the Readings YA Book Award 2021. The book was selected by Kirkus as best YA fiction for 2021, by The Guardian as one of the top 20 best Australian books for 2020, and as a notable book for 2021 by the Children's Book Council of Australia, and for the Great Books Guide top books of 2021. The book was also shortlisted for the Indie Book Awards 2021, the Australian Book Industry Award 2021, and the Aurelis Award 2020. Asphyxia has joined forces with Orange Entertainment Co to adapt the book for the screen.
Formerly a puppeteer, she is also the author of the children's series The Grimstones, which won the APA Book Design Awards Best Designed Children's Series in 2013.
Life and career
She was born in Melbourne, the second eldest of eight children, being nicknamed Asphyxia by one of her brothers when she was a teenager. Being the eldest, and creative from a young age, she took it upon herself to create magical words of mystical creatures in which she enrolled her younger siblings and cousins to be a part. She attended a hearing school, and did not learn Auslan until she was 18, as her parents wanted her to have a high standard of education, and were not satisfied with the standard of the education for the deaf.
As a child, she had dreams of being a ballerina, but they disintegrated once it became clear her deafness prohibited this as a professional career, and after the Australian Ballet School turned her down because of her deafness. Instead, once she left school, she turned to circus, training with Circus Oz, specialising in the trapeze and hula-hoops. Here she discovered she could incorporate her deafness into her work rather than trying to hide it, realising it could enhance what she did. One of the ways she did this was by signing karaoke, which was a big success with her audiences.
After being a circus performer for ten years, Asphyxia discovered puppetry through Sergio Barrio, a master puppeteer, whom she discovered when overseas touring with her show, and begged him to teach her his craft. She then leapt into it whole heartedly, learning how to make her own puppets and sets for them. After some experimentation, she ended up with a gothic family which she named "The Grimstones". She then left the circus to travel around Australia performing with her puppets, which was a big success, and captivated children and adults alike.
After a couple of years of touring with her puppet family, Asphyxia got a call from the publishers Allen & Unwin, who told her that they thought that The Grimstones would make a great book. She embraced the idea, as she had always had aspirations to be an author, entering her first book when she was 12 in the St Kilda Writer's Festival where it won first place. In February 2012 she published the first of four books in the series, Hatched. The next three in the series, Mortimer Revealed (April 2012), Whirlwind (December 2012) and Music School (December 2013) soon followed. Future Girl (August 2020) won the 2021 Readings Young Adult Book Prize.
For 20 years, Asphyxia lived in a small cottage in inner city Melbourne which she built herself when she was just 22, with her partner and son. She now lives on a small farm in Northern NSW, Australia, where she combines food growing with art. She enjoys painting and other forms of art and creativity, which she shares with the world through her blog.
Her website also contains useful resources such as a free Auslan course and a music course she wrote for Deaf people.
Bibliography
Novels
The Grimstones series
Critical studies and reviews of Asphyxia's work
Future Girl
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariscal_Estigarribia_(Asunci%C3%B3n)"}
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Barrio in Gran Asunción, Paraguay
Mariscal Estigarribia is a neighbourhood (barrio) of Asunción, Paraguay. The suburb is the home of both the South Korea embassy and the honorary consulate of the Commonwealth of Australia.
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22df8162-9429-4c69-a9b7-140c9f6b14c0
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreux-Vieux"}
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Commune in Grand Est, France
Commune in Grand Est, France
Montreux-Vieux (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tʁø vjø]; German: Altmünsterol; Alsatian: Àltmìnschtràl) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France.
People
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b7a5fbf6-6a02-46e6-8aee-a063374ba352
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Baby_Bikes_Downhill"}
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American bicycle race
Dead Baby Bikes Downhill, also known as Dead Baby Bike Race or Dead Baby Downhill or RaceDay, is an annual Seattle-based bicycle race and street party. The bicycle race often has no defined route, just an origin and an ending point, and has historically not been permitted, even though the accompanying street party has been permitted.
Over the years, the event has grown from attracting hundreds to now thousands of people to the Seattle neighborhood of Georgetown.
The street party at times features carnival rides made of bicycle parts, as well as bicycle jousting.
The event was featured in a 2005 episode of the television show Grey's Anatomy.
History
The event was launched in 1997 by the members of the Dead Baby Bike Club (named for a doll which had been nailed to the wall of the roll-up door of the bike repair shop in which the club was meeting); founder Dave Ranstrom has admitted that if he had known the event would draw media attention, he would have chosen a different name.
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03acea8c-f711-4aea-adfb-94d4ca1c0344
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quizzle"}
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Quizzle was a website that offered a free VantageScore 3.0 credit score and a free TransUnion credit report every three months.[citation needed] Quizzle was a tool to help consumers gain a complete understanding of their credit and provides tools to help users repair their credit and report problems with their credit report.
The company, founded in 2008,[citation needed] was privately held and owned by Dan Gilbert. It was part of a "family" of companies that includes the Cleveland Cavaliers, Fathead, and Quicken Loans.[citation needed] As of April 2015, Quizzle was owned and operated by Bankrate, Inc.
In early 2016, Quizzle began using TransUnion as a replacement for Equifax, and VantageScore 3.0 for CE credit score.[citation needed]
In 2019, Quizzle was shut down and web site visitors are now directed to the site of its former owner Bankrate.
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b9bee089-5665-49c6-a7c9-05d54bb92f18
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British journalist
Rupert Howard Cornwell (22 February 1946 – 31 March 2017) was a British journalist connected with The Independent newspaper for thirty years.
Early life and education
Born to Ronnie Cornwell and Jeanie Gronow (née Neal) in 1946 Marylebone, London, he was educated at Winchester College, and read Greek at Magdalen College, Oxford.
Career
Cornwell worked in advertising following graduation. He began his career in journalism with Reuters in 1968. Cornwell was sent to the Brussels branch office, where he met his first wife, interpreter Angela Doria. They moved to Paris, where Cornwell joined the Financial Times as a foreign correspondent. From France, Cornwell and Doria moved to Rome, and Bonn. Cornwell was the first Moscow correspondent of The Independent, from its launch in 1986. During this time, he won two British Press Awards. Later in his career, Cornwell served as the Chief US Commentator at The Independent newspaper.
His book God's Banker, about Roberto Calvi, an Italian banker found hanging from Blackfriars Bridge, was published in 1983.
Personal life
Cornwell was the half-brother of Anthony Cornwell and John le Carré (born David Cornwell), and the full brother of the actress Charlotte Cornwell.
His first marriage, in 1972, was to European Parliament interpreter Angela Doria; they had a son, Sean (born 1974). In 1988, he married Susan Smith, whom he had met while in Bonn. They had a son, Stas.
Rupert Cornwell died, aged 71, on 31 March 2017 at Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington D.C. from cancer.
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f56f060d-afd0-48ee-a623-759b65d86045
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_Princess"}
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Double-hulled tanker
Asphalt Princess is a double-hulled tanker used to transport bitumen and asphalt. It is currently operated by Asphalt Princess Shipping. The ship was launched on 19 December 1975 and completed in 1976 by Ankerlokken Glommen of Frederikstad, Norway. Initially named Joasla, the vessel was sold in 1979 and renamed Orinoco, then again in 1981 to Rio Orinoco. As Rio Orinoco, the vessel went aground on Anticosti Island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence in October 1990 and spilled 200 metric tons (200 long tons; 220 short tons) of oil into the gulf before being freed. The ship was acquired by Groupe Desgagné following this and renamed Thalassa Desgagnes. While in service with Groupe Desgagné, the vessel suffered a fire and ran aground. Asphalt Princess Shipping purchased the ship in 2017.
On 3 August 2021, Asphalt Princess was widely reported in international media as the target of a hijacking in the Gulf of Oman, 97 kilometres (60 mi) east of the port of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates. The hijackers were allegedly backed by Iran. Ships nearby in the Gulf of Oman were advised to exercise “extreme caution” by the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) earlier in the day. The boarders left the ship the next day.
Description
The vessel is a double-hulled tanker used to transport bitumen and asphalt which was originally measured in 1976 at 5,895 gross register tons (GRT) and 9,750 tons deadweight (DWT) when built. The ship was later remeasured in 1995 as 5,746 gross tonnage (GT) and 9,748 DWT. Asphalt Princess is 134.6 metres (441 ft 7 in) long overall and 127.2 m (417 ft 4 in) between perpendiculars with a beam of 17.2 m (56 ft 5 in) and while operating on the St. Lawrence Seaway, had a midsummer draught of 7.9 m (26 ft) with a depth of 9.78 m (32 ft 1 in).
The tanker is powered by a 3,700-kilowatt (5,000 bhp) diesel engine turning one shaft. This gives the vessel a maximum speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph). As designed, the ship was capable of carrying 9,748 metric tons (9,594 long tons; 10,745 short tons) or 67,259 barrels (10,693.3 m3) at a mid-summer draught of 7.90 m (25 ft 11 in).
Construction and career
The tanker was constructed by Ankerlokken Glommen at their yard in Fredrikstad, Norway with the yard number 189. The vessel's keel was laid down in May 1975 and the ship was launched on 19 December 1975. Named Joasla, the tanker was completed on 8 May 1976 and handed over to its owners, I/S Joasla and registered in Oslo, Norway. In 1978, ownership of the vessel was acquired by Bjorn Ruud-Pedersen. In 1979, the vessel was acquired Bengt Anderssons Rev.Byra, registered in Sweden and renamed Orinoco.
In 1981, Horizon Development Corp Ltd purchased the ship, renamed it Rio Orinoco and registered the vessel in Limassol, Cyprus. On 16 October 1990, Rio Orinoco, with 9,080 metric tons (8,940 long tons; 10,010 short tons) of liquid asphalt aboard, ran aground on the south shore of Anticosti Island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence after developing engine problems on 15 October. The 21 crew members aboard attempted to refloat the vessel, but not before 200 tonnes (200 long tons; 220 short tons) of fuel oil spilled in the waters, though initial reports claimed nothing had spilled. Cleanup operations, coordinated by the Canadian Coast Guard, continued into November due to the remoteness of the island. On 17 October, the owners of the ship appointed salvors to removed the ship. The crew were evacuated and several attempts were made but the ship was not freed, further damaging Rio Orinoco. On 18 November, issuers declared the vessel a total loss and on 21 November, the owners formally abandoned the ship. Following this, the Canadian Coast Guard issued a contract proposal for salvors, deciding on Groupe Desgagné in mid June 1991. Groupe Desgagné was successful in its efforts in freeing the ship on 9 August.
As a salvage reward, the ship was acquired by Groupe Desgagnés and taken to MIL Davie Shipbuilding in Lauzon, Quebec to be rebuilt. The vessel re-entered service in 1993 and made its first voyage as Thalassa Desgagnes in 1994. The vessel remained in Groupe Desgagnés service until 2017, transporting asphalt from Venezuela to ports along the Atlantic coast of North America. On 13 February 2010, while moored in Montreal, welding work sparked a small explosion, and fire. The vessel's holds were empty at the time of the fire, which was quickly extinguished. One person was injured. On 6 January 2014, ice accumulation caused her to run aground on the St. Lawrence River, between Montreal and Trois-Rivières. On 3 July 2015, Groupe Desgagné announced they would be replacing Thalassa Desgagnes with a new vessel, powered by less polluting natural gas-fired engines. In 2017, the vessel was acquired by Asphalt Princess Shipping and renamed Asphalt Princess.
2021 hijacking incident
At 14:18 UTC on 3 August 2021, watchkeepers at the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) released a warning statement to international shipping that a "non-piracy" incident had taken place 61 nautical miles (113 km; 70 mi) east of the port of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates (at 24°35′42″N 57°17′10″E / 24.595°N 57.286°E / 24.595; 57.286) at 12:30 UTC. At 04:44 UTC on 4 August, UKMTO released an update declaring the incident a “potential hijacking”, where a group of eight or nine armed individuals were believed to have boarded the vessel without authorisation and ordered the ship to sail to Iran. At 05:32 UTC on 4 August, the UKMTO reported that the boarders had left the vessel and that the vessel was safe, signifying an end to the incident. At 07:26 UTC on 4 August, Al Jazeera reported on Twitter, that the Iranian Armed Forces claimed to be "providing assistance and security for merchant ships" and were ready to send “relief units” to the vessel.
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918fc7bc-6e6d-4d63-b57c-6e1eb4703c98
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Norwegian footballer
Eirik Vespestad Mæland (born 15 February 1989) is a Norwegian football coach and former footballer who currently is assistant coach of Eliteserien club Molde.
Club career
He started his senior career in the Norwegian team Haugesund in 2007. He made his debut on 20 June 2007 in a 4–2 loss against Bryne.
Managerial career
On 13 January 2021, Mæland was appointed head coach of Kongsvinger. On 13 December 2022, Molde announced that Mæland would become first team assistant coach at the club.
Career statistics
Sources:
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11125605-7d4c-4a5f-b3c3-a79335fe8608
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golyali"}
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Village in Karnataka, India
Golyali is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
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21a82d5f-a8b2-462b-98f0-ea8c5355faa0
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siuna_Airport"}
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Airport
Siuna Airport (IATA: SIU, ICAO: MNSI) is an airport serving Siuna, Nicaragua. The airport is in the southern part of the town.
The runway runs uphill to the north, with an elevation change of 130 feet (40 m). There are nearby hills to the north and east.
Airlines and destinations
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80fafd7a-99ae-4406-8e02-bf21ee354a42
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Partners"}
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American TV series or program
The Partners is an American sitcom that aired on September 18, 1971, through September 8, 1972, on NBC.
Synopsis
The program featured Don Adams and Rupert Crosse as bumbling detectives, John Doucette their exasperated commanding officer. Dick Van Patten played the sycophantic desk sergeant. Robert Karvelas had a recurring role as Freddie, who compulsively confessed to crimes he did not commit.
The pilot featured guest appearances by Joey Forman, Art Metrano, and Yvonne Craig.
Production notes
Unlike many television programs of its day, The Partners eschewed a traditional opening title sequence. The opening credits were merely interspersed during the first few minutes, akin to the technique that has become quite commonplace today. The theme music, which accompanied the closing credits and occasionally popped up during the program itself, was composed by Lalo Schifrin, best known for the theme to Mission: Impossible.
Characters
Unlike many other sitcoms of the 1960s and 70s, there is no family seen in the show. There are not many characters altogether.
Detective Lennie Crooke: (Don Adams) Det. Lennie Crooke is a slightly inept police detective, a bit similar to Adams' previous character on Get Smart, Maxwell Smart. Details on his life and family are very sparse. He has mentioned on one or two occasions that he has acrophobia, the fear of heights, and he was never in Korea, according to his statement in the pilot episode, Here Come The Fuzz. He has a likelihood to forget things that no other sane detective would forget, including his pants. He is not married and we do see inside his apartment on one or two occasions. It appears to be very neat with every personal item in its own place. He isn't too intelligent and is prone to get everyone in a room confused in his attempts to carry on an intelligent conversation. He tends to dislike the desk sergeant Higgenbottem, who in turn doesn't seem to like Lennie. The two will argue about anything, such as how "It's not true that George let me escape but it is true that I locked George in the closet, so when I said it was true, I was referring to how it wasn't true that that was true" or how "They stole 13 cars in the last two weeks and that makes 14 if you count our car, but then they stole our other car which would make it 15 but then the car we found in the driveway takes it back to down to 14." To which Higgenbottem will reply, "No, I'm counting both your cars and that car because whether you found it or not it was originally stolen and I'm also counting the Rolls-Royce so that makes 16." And then Lennie will continue to argue that he had forgotten the Rolls-Royce and that made it 15 again, and so they would go on until Captain Andrews put a stop to it. The two seem to rather enjoy these comical arguments, in fact. Lennie was in every episode.
Detective George Robinson: (Rupert Crosse) George is Lennie's best friend, longtime partner, and sarcastic steadying force. He was in every episode. He is a tall black man, prone to roll his eyes and shake his head at Lenny and his antics, and even less is known about him. He was in Korea, and while he has no fear of heights, he often does seem to have a fear of Lennie's driving. He notices things that go right over his partner's head, and he is the one that keeps Lennie, and sometimes Higgenbottem, from making complete fools of themselves. He doesn't seem to have a very large affinity for Higgenbottem, in fact in the pilot episode when Higgenbottom was reading the report on what the two partners had messed up, and was continually adding in pieces to the sentence that were charging the two with worse crimes, George offered to 'make a suggestion that might help the situation.' -- "Ask Higgenbottem to leave the room."
Captain Aaron William Andrews: (John Doucette) Captain Andrews is a sarcastic police captain, the boss of Lennie and George, who plays a role similar to that of the one Ed Platt played in Get Smart, as The Chief of CONTROL. He really does like Lennie and George in spite of his many sarcastic statements. A good example of his sarcasm: Higgenbottem, whom he is friends with, bursts into the room exclaiming that they have a "code 64," Lennie tells him to take it to the animal shelter because that's a lost dog. "No, that's a code 65." Higgenbottem said. "Oh, of course," Lennie answered, "I was confusing it with a code 63--" "Which is someone being assaulted," corrected Higginbottem, as Captain Andrews exclaimed, looking pointedly at Lenny, "And we may have one in this room at any moment!"
Sgt. Nelson Higgenbottem.: (Dick Van Patten) The sycophantic desk Sergeant Higgenbottom is a small man who loves any chance to grate on Lennie's nerves and enjoys arguing with Lennie as well, only tolerates George but still looks for chances to annoy him too, and who does whatever Captain Andrews asks, and generally sides with him. Lennie has a habit of starting a sentence off with "Well, at least there's one good thing that came out of this..." after he's done something stupid. Higgenbottem always answers the same way, saying eagerly, "You're leaving the force?"
Freddie Butler: Don Adams' real life cousin, Robert Karvelas, who played Agent Larabee on Get Smart, played Freddie Butler, who was in seven episodes. He is always chronically confessing to other people's crimes, and consistently manages to drive Lennie, George, and Higgenbottem and Captain Andrews crazy. When he appears, Lennie usually exclaims, "Just what I can't stand right now, Freddie Butler!"
Reception
NBC had exceptionally high hopes for the series after it performed well with test audiences. However, it failed to find a large enough audience because it aired Saturday nights at 8:00pm—right up against the highest-rated show on television, CBS's All in the Family. (Originally, CBS had scheduled My Three Sons against The Partners, but substituted All in the Family at the last minute.) After their January 8, 1972, broadcasts, NBC removed both The Partners and fellow freshman sitcom The Good Life from its schedule. (The move worked out for the network, as they were replaced with the medical drama Emergency!, which was a hit and ran six seasons.) Fifteen episodes of the show had aired by January; five more would be "burned off" in the summer of 1972. The show ranked 66th out of 78 shows that season with an average 12.5 rating.
The Partners has never been officially released on home video, but several websites offer low-quality bootleg DVDs of the series.
Episodes
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44439490-f27a-4519-b354-6387cc683cee
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anania_dichroma"}
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Species of moth
Anania dichroma is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1888. It is found in Darjeeling, India.
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304d27bd-0d0b-49d9-a5a3-639dd2f5c790
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Irish hurler (1932–2021)
John Quaid (1932 – 22 February 2021) was an Irish hurler who played at club level with Feohanagh-Castlemahon, at inter-county level with Limerick and at inter-provincial level with Munster.
Career
From the Feohanagh-Castlemahon club, Quaid first came to prominence on the inter-county scene alongside his twin brother Jim on the Limerick junior team that overcame London to win the 1955 All-Ireland Junior Championship. Promotion to the senior side followed, with both Quaid brothers heavily involved as Limerick surprised Clare to win the 1955 Munster Championship. The team, labelled "Mackey's Greyhounds" after their trainer Mick Mackey, were subsequently beaten by eventual champions Wexford in the All-Ireland semi-final. Quaid continued playing for Limerick until the 1960s, by which time he had also won three Railway Cup medals with Munster.[citation needed]
Personal life and death
The Quaid surname has been synonymous with Limerick hurling for nearly 70 years. A cousin, Séamus Quaid, was a contemporary of the Quaid twins and lined out with Limerick before winning the 1960 All-Ireland Championship with Wexford. Jack Quaid's son, Tommy, was also a Munster Championship-winner as goalkeeper with the Limerick team between 1976 and 1993. His nephew, Joe Quaid, immediately took over as goalkeeper and also won Munster Championship medals in a decade-long career. Jack Quaid's grandson, Nickie Quaid, has continued the family goalkeeping tradition with Limerick and has won two All-Ireland Championships.
Jack Quaid died at University Hospital Limerick on 22 February 2021.
Honours
Limerick
Munster
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b4518bd9-a02e-49a0-8eab-da3883829bdd
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Hungarian footballer
János Romanek (born 28 March 1966) is a retired Hungarian football midfielder.
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5ac21e9d-8a5f-478c-8677-6fd41e17e819
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Chiu is a romanization of various Chinese surnames, based on different varieties of Chinese. It may correspond to the surnames spelled in the following ways in Mandarin pinyin:
Notable people
Fictional characters
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82817996-c283-4154-9d17-702c91e16f94
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Man%27s_Land,_Cornwall"}
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Hamlet in Cornwall, England
Coordinates: 50°22′59″N 4°25′41″W / 50.383°N 4.428°W / 50.383; -4.428
No Man's Land is a crossroads hamlet in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately two miles (3 km) northeast of Looe on the B3253 road to Widegates.
Morval Vintage Steam Rally, an annual weekend event which raises funds for local charities, takes place at Bray Farm in No Man's Land
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a7700ac0-5b29-4792-892b-32e65a6a90d4
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Pakistani artist, painter and writer
Gul Muhammad Khatri (1919–1979) was a renowned artist, painter and writer living in Karachi, Pakistan. He produced art works in the form of portraits, landscape art, and calligraphic illustrations of Sufi poetry (especially poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai). He also did commercial art work in the form of poster design, glass painting, sign board, textile design, theatrical design, cinema posters, tile design as well as Sindhi, Urdu, Hindi, Gujarati and English calligraphy.
Khatri was also a prolific writer, authoring many articles and essays on Pakistani and Indus art and literature in Sindhi and Urdu languages, which were published in different newspapers and periodicals. Due to his lifelong interest in the art of the Indus Valley, he was known as Mussawar-e-Latif and Founder of the Indus Art.
He learned art from his teacher Charanjit Singh Wordi under whose mentorship he studied for about 12 years.
In 1967, Khatri founded Mehran Cultural Association to develop Indus art and literature and was elected its President.
In 2010, along with other notable Sindh artists, Gul Munhammed Khatri was posthumously honoured with a special shield in acknowledgement of services to Sindh Art at a seminar organised by the Institute of Art and Design University of Sindh.
Khatri's publications include
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8672a4e9-ad0a-4dff-9ba9-fa4da2cb1a01
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holoholo_people"}
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Ethnic group from Kigoma Region, Tanzania
The Holoholo also known as Kalanga (Wakalanga in Swahili) are a Bantu ethnic group that inhabit the shores of central lake Tanganyika. The majority of them live near Kalemie city on Lake Tanganyika in Tanganyika Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and on the opposite shore of the lake in Uvinza District of Kigoma Region in Tanzania.
Language
As of 2002, there were about 15,500 speakers of the Holoholo language. The name "Holoholo" was given to them by the Belgians. It comes from the sound of their greeting, which outsiders found comical. The alternative name "Kalanga" simply means people who were there before the current population.
History
The Holoholo are a matrilineal people. They are descendants of Baguha people who fled from the Luba Empire when it was expanding eastward in the 18th century, settling around Kalemie where the Lukuga River leaves the lake. During the period of Luba dominance that followed the eastward expansion under Luba king Ilunga Sungu around 1800, bambudye secret societies were introduced among the Holoholo and other peoples, propagating oral traditions of the Luba royal family. The Holoholo adopted and adapted the Luba genesis myth, in which they believed there was a mountain called Ilunga Sungu on the west side of the Lualaba towards the Luba heartland, This refers to the location of the court of Ilunga Sungu at Katende.
The 1935 book Les peuplades du Congo belge shows the Holoholo living on both sides of the Lukuga. They became middlemen in the Arab and African slave trade. With the suppression of this trade, the economy collapsed and disease and local warfare decimated the population. Today the economy is mostly agricultural-based on sorghum, maize, peanuts, and beans. Fish are caught with nets, dried and sold locally, the main source of cash in the area. Sorghum is used to make beer.
The Holoholo who live in Tanzania around Kungwe Mountain has a tradition that their ancestors came from the Congo side by means of a long island that continued Kungwe Mountain into the lake. The lake level is highly variable, so it is conceivable that they crossed at a time when it was much lower than today when part of the ridge separating the northern and southern basins of the lake would have been exposed.
Thousands of Holoholo had settled along the Tanganyikan side of the lake by 1915, having sailed over in canoes. A census in 1948 counted 4,410 Holoholo in Tanganyika.
In 1987 the Holoholo people had an estimated population of 12,500 in Tanzania. They traditionally lived in the Mahale Mountains on the east shore of the lake opposite Kalemie. However, they were expelled from this area after 1979 to make way for the Mahale Mountains National Park created in 1985.
Sources
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70689ddf-6913-4859-b6a7-e8014988d408
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_des_Francs-Bourgeois"}
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School in France
The lycée des Francs-Bourgeois is a private lasallian establishment located in the 4th arrondissement of Paris (Marais). It was founded on November 21,1843 by the De La Salle Brothers. It consists of a school, a college, and a lycée. The Francs-Bourgeois currently teach just over 2000 (from 1500) : 240 students in primary school (8 classes), 1050 in college (33 classes), 720 students in the lycée (23 classes).
History
Location
The location is at the heart of Marais, at 21 rue Saint-Antoine, in the hôtel de Mayenne, having belonged successively to the family of Bourbon at the time of Charles V of France, Charles VI of France himself, Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, the family of the Admiral of Graville, the Bishop of Langres, the Lorraines, notably Charles de Mayenne, Lieutenant General of the Kingdom of the time of the League. The annex of the Lycée is located at 1, rue de Béarn, where the students spend their recreation in the square Louis-XIII in the place des Vosges.
College ranking
In 2015, The College of Francs-Bourgeois was ranked 6th out of 172 colleges in exam results (97.64%) at departmental level with 254 enrolments. Since 2012, the level of achievement of the DNB has sat at 99.5%.
Lycée ranking
In 2022, the lycée was ranked 14th out of 85 at departmental level, and 20th at national level. This with 100% of students obtaining their baccaulauréat and 98% obtaining a mention. The ranking is based on three criteria: The bac results, the proportion of students who obtain their baccalauréat having been at the establishment for their last two years, and capacity for student progression (calculated based on the social origin of the students, their age, their gender, and their results at diploma). Since 2009, the bac results for the Francs-Bourgeois has never dropped below 98%.
Notes and references
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84a41979-e5d7-4545-996c-e15799dda354
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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Historical_Landmarks_in_Santa_Barbara_County"}
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List table of the properties and districts — listed on the California Historical Landmarks — within Santa Barbara County, California.
Listings
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24637cde-c9f1-4f1b-bec4-f25d9fcea8cd
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Subsets and Splits
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