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Αr7 RNA
αr7 is a family of bacterial small non-coding RNAs with representatives in a broad group of α-proteobacterial species from the order Rhizobiales. The first member of this family (Smr7C 150nt) was found in a Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 locus located in the chromosome (C). Further homology and structure conservation analysis identified full-length homologs in several nitrogen-fixing symbiotic rhizobia (i.e. R. leguminosarum bv.viciae, R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii, R. etli, and several Mesorhizobium species), in the plant pathogens belonging to Agrobacterium species (i.e. A. tumefaciens, A. vitis, A. radiobacter, and Agrobacterium H13) as well as in a broad spectrum of Brucella species (B. ovis, B. canis, B. abortus and B. microtis, and several biobars of B. melitensis). αr7 RNA species are 134-159 nucleotides (nt) long (Table 1) and share a well defined common secondary structure (Figure 1, Figure 2). αr7 transcripts can be catalogued as trans-acting sRNAs expressed from well-defined promoter regions of independent transcription units within intergenic regions (IGRs) of the α-proteobacterial genomes (Figure 4).
Discovery and structure
Smr7C sRNA was described by del Val et al. in the intergenic regions (IGRs) of the reference S. meliloti 1021 strain (Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021). Northern hybridization experiments detected two RNA species expressed from the smr7C locus, which accumulated differentially in free-living and endosymbiotic bacteria.
TAP-based 5'-RACE experiments mapped the transcription start site (TSS) to two close G residues. From the six independent sequences obtained, five mapped to residue 201,681 in the chromosome and one to the upstream residue 201,679. Furthermore, an additional 5′-RACE product could be obtained from this transcript in both TAP- and mock-treated RNA samples. The sequence of this second RACE product mapped the processing site of Smr7C to residue 201,723 nt in the S. meliloti 1021 genome. The 3'-end was assumed to be located at the 201,828 nt position matching the last residue of the consecutive stretch of Us of a bona fide Rho-independent terminator. Parallel and later studies in which Smr7C transcript is referred to as sra03 or Sm13, independently confirmed the expression this sRNA in S. melilloti and in its closely related strain 2011. Recent deep sequencing-based characterization of the small RNA fraction (50-350 nt) of S. meliloti 2021 further also confirmed the expression of Smr7C (here referred to as SmelC023), and mapped the 5'- end of the full-length transcript to the same position in the S. meliloti 1021 genome, and the 3' end to position 201,825.
The nucleotide sequence of Smr7C was initially used as query to search against the Rfam database (version 10.0;). This homology search rendered no matches to known bacterial sRNA in this database. Smr7C was next BLASTed with default parameters against all the currently available bacterial genomes (1,615 sequences at 20 April 2011;). The regions exhibiting significant homology to the query sequence (78-89% similarity) were extracted to create a Covariance Model (CM) from a seed alignment using Infernal (version1.0). This CM was used in a further search for new members of the αr7 family in the existing bacterial genomic databases (Table 1) and to create the final CM model (Figure 1).
The results were manually inspected to deduce a consensus secondary structure for the family (Figure1 and Figure2). The consensus structure was also independently predicted with the program locARNATE with very similar predictions. The manual inspection of the sequences found with the CM using Infernal allowed finding 26 true homolog sequences, all of them present as single chromosomal copies in the α-proteobacterial genomes. The rhizobial species encoding the closer homologs to Smr7C were: S. medicae and S. fredii, two R. leguminosarum trifolii strains (WSM2304 and WSM1325), two R. etli strains CFN 42 and CIAT 652, the reference R. leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 strain, and the Agrobacterium species A. vitis, A. tumefaciens, A. radiobacter and A. H13 and the Mesorhizobum species loti, M. ciceri and M. BNC. All these sequences showed significant Infernal E-values (3.66E-49 - 2.93E-12) and bit-scores. The rest of the sequences found with the model showed high E-values between (1.58E-10 and 2.88E-09) but lower bit-scores and are encoded by Brucella species (B. ovis, B. canis, B. abortus, B. microtis, and several biobars of B. melitensis), and Ochrobactrum anthropi.
Expression information
Parallel studies assessed Smr7C expression in S. meliloti 1021 under different biological conditions; i.e. bacterial growth in TY, minimal medium (MM) and luteolin-MM broth and endosymbiotic bacteria (i.e. mature symbiotic alfalfa nodules). Expression of Smr7C in free-living bacteria was found to be growth-dependent, being the gene strongly down-regulated when bacteria entered the stationary phase.
Expression of SmrC7 increased ~13-fold in nodules when compared with free-living bacteria (log phase TY or MM cultures), suggesting the induction of this sRNAs during bacterial infection and/or bacteroid differentiation. SmrC7 expression has also been proved in parallel studies.
Promoter analysis
All the promoter regions of the αr7 family members examined so far are very conserved in a sequence stretch extending up to 80 bp upstream of the transcription start site of the sRNA. All closest homologous loci have recognizable σ70-dependent promoters showing a -35/-10 consensus motif CTTAGAC-n17-CTATAT, which has been previously shown to be widely conserved among several other genera in the α-subgroup of proteobacteria. To identify binding sites for other known transcription factors we used the fasta sequences provided by RegPredict, and used those position weight matrices (PSWM) provided by RegulonDB. We built PSWM for each transcription factor from the RegPredict sequences using the Consensus/Patser program, choosing the best final matrix for motif lengths between 14–30 a threshold average E-value < 10E-10 for each matrix was established, (see "Thresholded consensus" in gps-tools2.its.yale.edu). Moreover, we searched for conserved unknown motifs using MEME and used relaxed regular expressions (i.e. pattern matching) over all promoters of the Smr7C homologs promoters.
This studies revealed a 20 bp conserved motif in ll promoter regions, marked in orange as MEME conserved motif, in (Figure 4), but no significant similarity to known transcription factor binding sites matrices could be established.
Genomic context
All identified members of the αr7 family are trans-encoded sRNAs transcribed from independent promoters in chromosomal IGRs. Most of the neighboring genes of the seed alignment's members were not annotated and thus were further manually curated.
The αr7 sRNAs' genomic regions of the Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium group members exhibited a great degree of conservation with the upstream and downstream genes coding for a DNA polymerase, and a MarR family transcriptional regulator, respectively. Partial synteny of the αr7 genomic regions was observed in the Mesorhizobium and Brucella group, where instead of the MarR family transcriptional regulator gene, a peptidase encoding gene was found.
Data download
Covariance Model in stockholm format can be downloaded at gps-tools2.its.yale.edu.
References
Category:RNA | {
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Richard Muller (theologian)
Richard A. Muller (born October 12, 1948, in Flushing, New York) is an American historical theologian.
Life
Muller obtained his B.A. in History from Queens College, City University of New York in 1969, his M.Div. from Union Theological Seminary, New York in 1972, and his Ph.D. in Reformation studies from Duke University in 1976. He has taught at Fuller Theological Seminary (1980–1992), has been awarded a Mellon Post-Doctoral Research Grant and has held the Belle van Zuylenleerstoel at Utrecht University (1999). He has served on the editorial boards of Sixteenth Century Journal and Reformation and Renaissance Review. He is P. J. Zondervan Professor of Historical Theology Emeritus and is Senior Fellow of the Junius Institute for Digital Reformation Research at Calvin Theological Seminary in Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Work
Muller's research and writing has been largely focused on the reassessment of the development of Protestant thought after the Reformation, with emphasis on the nature and character of Protestant orthodoxy and Reformed scholasticism in the seventeenth century. Muller is one of the historians credited with setting aside the "Calvin against the Calvinists" theory of developing Reformed thought. His argument is that the attempt to define the entire Reformed tradition in terms of the thought of Calvin is a historical error, inasmuch as Calvin was one of several second generation codifiers of the tradition and inasmuch as the tradition itself was, early on, rather diverse and variegated. The "Calvin against the Calvinists" thesis tended to claim in a rather reductionistic way that Calvin was a "christocentric" theologian in contrast to later Reformed thinkers who had developed a radical predestinarian or deterministic metaphysics. By contrast Muller has argued that the later Reformed thinkers did not develop a predestinarian system but instead understood theology in terms of a series of biblically and traditionally based loci or topics. Their thought does differ in places from Calvin's, but the differences are to be explained on the basis of other sources of the Reformed tradition, such as the thought of Martin Bucer, Heinrich Bullinger, Peter Martyr Vermigli, and others, on the basis of alterations in debate and historical context.
Works
A Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1985).
Christ and the Decree: Christology and Predestination in Reformed Theology from Calvin to Perkins (Durham: Labyrinth Press, 1986; Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008).
The Study of Theology (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991).
The Unaccommodated Calvin: Studies in the Formation of a Theological Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000).
God, Creation, and Providence in the Thought of Jacob Arminius (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1991)
Post Reformation Reformed Dogmatics: The Rise and Development of Reformed Orthodoxy, ca. 1520 to ca. 1725 4 vols. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2003).
After Calvin: Studies in the Development of a Theological Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003).
Calvin and the Reformed Tradition (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2012).
References
Further reading
Bagchi, David and David C. Steinmetz, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Ballor, Jordan J., David S. Sytsma and Jason Zuidema, eds., Church and School in Early Modern Protestantism: Studies in Honor of Richard A. Muller on the Maturation of a Theological Tradition. Leiden: Brill, 2013.
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External links
Biography at Calvin Theological Seminary
Staff page at Junius Institute
Category:21st-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians
Category:Reformation historians
Category:American Calvinist and Reformed theologians
Category:Queens College, City University of New York alumni
Category:Duke University alumni
Category:Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni
Category:1948 births
Category:Living people
Category:Fuller Theological Seminary faculty
Category:People from Flushing, Queens
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Regional parliaments of Russia
Regional parliaments of Russia are the legislative/parliamentary bodies of power in the regions of Russia (republics, krais, oblasts, autonomous okrugs and federal cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg), which have different names, often collectively referred to in the media as regional parliaments.
The federal structure of Russia includes 85 regional parliaments. The biggest regional parliament is the State Assembly of the Republic of Bashkortostan which consists of 110 deputies. The smallest one is the Assembly of Deputies of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug which consists of 19 deputies.
Parties in Each Parliament
Parliaments marked in bold are elected solely by the proportional system.
Parliaments marked in italic underline are elected solely by the majoritarian system.
Data is current as of February 2018.
United Russia holds a majority in all 85 parliaments.
See also
Politics of Russia
References
Category:Government of Russia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Teram Kangri
The Teram Kangri group is a mountain massif in the remote Siachen Muztagh, a subrange of the Karakoram range. The high point of the group, and of the Siachen Muztagh, is Teram Kangri I. The peak lies on the boundary between China and the disputed Siachen Glacier region near the line of control between India and Pakistan. The northeast side of the peak is in Chinese-controlled territory, the southwest side in the disputed Siachen area currently controlled by India.
Teram Kangri I was first climbed on August 10, 1975 by a Japanese expedition led by H. Katayama, which obtained a permit from the Govt. of Pakistan and made the long approach via Bilafond La (the Saltoro Pass). They climbed the SW ridge of Teram Kangri II and then took the East ridge to the top. Teram Kangri II was climbed on August 12 and 13 by six Japanese climbers.
Teram Kangri II (7,407 m) was climbed in 1978 by an Indian Army expedition led by Colonel Narendra Kumar in the first move by India to lay claim to the Siachen Glacier area. Teram Kangri I has been climbed once since, in 1992. The expedition approached through Indian territory.
Teram Kangri III (7,382 m ranked 73rd, Prominence = 500 m) was first climbed in 1979 by a Japanese expedition led by S. Hanada. Their route crossed over Bilafond La, much like the first ascent of Teram Kangri I.
Video
Birdseye view video
References
Sources
Wala, Jerzy Orographical Sketch Map of the Karakoram, Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research, Zurich, 1990.
Himalayan Index
Category:Seven-thousanders of the Karakoram
Category:Mountains of Jammu and Kashmir
Category:Mountains of Xinjiang
Category:International mountains of Asia
Category:China–India border
Category:Mountain ranges of the Karakoram | {
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Quti Darreh-ye Bala
Quti Darreh-ye Bala (, also Romanized as Qūţī Darreh-ye Bālā) is a village in Cheshmeh Kabud Rural District, in the Central District of Harsin County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 122, in 26 families.
References
Category:Populated places in Harsin County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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1995 Kids' Choice Awards
The 8th Annual Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards was held on May 20, 1995, at the Barker Hangar in Santa Monica, California. Whitney Houston was the host. Twenty-three million kids participated in the voting. Comedian and star of Hangin' with Mr. Cooper, Mark Curry was slimed. The opening titles for the show were produced by Primal Screen.
Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and in boldface.
Movies
Television
Music
Sports
Miscellaneous
Hall of Fame
Whitney Houston
References
Category:Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
Kids' Choice Awards
Kids' Choice Awards
Kids' Choice Awards
Category:20th century in Houston | {
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Edward Brickell White
Edward Brickell White (January 29, 1806 – May 10, 1882), also known as E. B. White, was an American architect. He was known for his Gothic Revival architecture and his use of Roman and Greek designs.
Life
Edward Brickell White was born on January 29, 1806 on the Chapel Hill Plantation of St. John's Berkeley Parish, South Carolina. His father was the planter and artist, John Blake White, and his mother was Elizabeth Allston White.
In 1826, he graduated from the United States Military Academy where he studied engineering. He served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Army artillery. On April 8, 1832, he married Delia Adams in New London, Connecticut. Following his resignation in August 1836, he surveyed for several railroads. Later that year he moved to Charleston, South Carolina to practice architecture, engineering, and surveying.
His first major work was the Greek Revival Market Hall, which is a National Historic Landmark (NHL) in Charleston.
He was the architect of many churches including the Gothic Revival Huguenot Church (NHL) in Charleston; the Gothic Revival Trinity Episcopal Church in Columbia, which is on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); the wooden Gothic Revival Church of the Cross (NRHP) in Bluffton; and the steeple of St. Philip's Church (NHL) in Charleston. In 1842, he designed the sanctuary of St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Ansonborough section of the city. He was the architect for Grace Church Cathedral (Episcopal) at 98 Wentworth St., Charleston, SC, a Gothic Revival church built in 1847-1848. Likewise, he designed the Centenary Methodist Church at 60 Wentworth St., Charleston, SC in about 1842. In 1841, his design for St. Johannes Lutheran Church, 48 Hasell St., Charleston, SC was built.
The granite Doric granite column for the Daniel Morgan Monument (NRHP) in Spartanburg, South Carolina was one of his projects. He designed the Charleston High School, which is currently a private residence, and the Grace Episcopal Church that are contributing properties to the Charleston Historic District (NRHP). He designed a portico with columns and wings for the main building and Gate Lodge of the College of Charleston (NHL). He designed an expansion of a building at South Carolina Military College.
He was the superintending architect for the new Custom House in Charleston, which was designed by Ammi Burnham Young. Construction was halted in 1859 when the US Congress did not appropriate funding to cover cost overruns. A less ambitious design was completed in 1879.
During the Civil War, he joined the Confederate Army, and served at James Island and North Carolina. He rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel, commanding the 3rd South Carolina Artillery.
After the war, E.B. White supervised repairs of St. Michael's Episcopal Church in Charleston. He designed a building for Charleston Gas & Light Co. Among the residences that he designed is the William Gatewood House at 21 Legare Street which was described as "recently built" is a real estate listing in February 1863.
In 1879, White moved to New York and died on May 10, 1882. He was interred in St. Michael's Episcopal Churchyard in Charleston.
References
External links
Col. Edward Brickell White (1806-1882) Find a Grave memorial
Category:1806 births
Category:1882 deaths
Category:American ecclesiastical architects
Category:Gothic Revival architects
Category:United States Military Academy alumni
Category:Confederate States Army officers
Category:People from Berkeley County, South Carolina
Category:19th-century American architects | {
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Jumurda Manor
Jumurda Manor () is a manor house in the historical region of Vidzeme, in northern Latvia. It was built after 1856 in Eclectic style. Vandalized during the Revolution of 1905, the manor was restored in 1907. After 1929 it housed the Jumurda primary school for many years. The estate buildings and manor house are gradually being renovated to create a resort hotel complex.
See also
List of palaces and manor houses in Latvia
References
External links
History of the Jumurda Estate
Jumurda Manor
Category:Manor houses in Latvia
Category:Ērgļi Municipality | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Euphorbia esula
Euphorbia esula, commonly known as green spurge or leafy spurge, is a species of spurge native to central and southern Europe (north to England, the Netherlands, and Germany), and eastward through most of Asia north of the Himalaya to Korea and eastern Siberia.
Description
It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 1-1.2 m tall, with several stems branched from the base. The stems are smooth, hairless, or slightly hairy. The leaves are small, lanceolate, 4-8.5 cm long and up to 1 cm broad, with a slightly wavy margin. The flowers are small, produced in umbels with a basal pair of bright yellow-green petal-like bracts. Clusters of the bracts appear in late spring, while the actual flowers do not develop until early summer. All parts of the plant contain a toxic white milky sap.
It reproduces readily like by seeds that have a high germination rate and may remain viable in the soil for at least eight years. The seed capsules open explosively, dispersing seed up to 5 m from the parent plant, and may be carried further by water and wildlife. Leafy spurge also spreads vegetatively from the root system, which is complex, reported to reach 8 m into the ground and 5 m across, and may have numerous buds.
There are two subspecies and a hybrid subspecies:
Euphorbia esula subsp. esula. Leaves broadest near apex; umbel bracts 5–15 mm. Throughout the range of the species.
Euphorbia esula subsp. tommasiniana (Bertol.) Kuzmanov (syn. E. waldsteinii (Sojak) A.R.Smith; E. virgata Waldst. & Kit.). Leaves broadest at the middle; umbel bracts 12–35 mm. Eastern Europe, western Asia.
Euphorbia esula nothosubsp. pseudovirgata (Schur) Govaerts. Hybrid between the above two subspecies.
Confusion with Euphorbia virgata
It has commonly been confused with Euphorbia virgata. E. esula is no longer considered a permanent component of the North American flora. E. esula is restricted to certain parts of Europe and not considered a weedy species, while E. virgata is found throughout the United States and Canada and has caused significant economic and ecological impacts. E. virgata is best distinguished from E. esula by its leaves, which are 6-15 times longer than wide with margins that are (near-)parallel at the middle of the blade, while E. esula leaves are wider toward the tip, usually 3-8 times longer than wide, with margins that are not parallel at the middle of the leaf. In addition, the apex of E. virgata is usually acute and the base is truncate to attenuate, while the apex of E. esula is rounded or subacute and the base is more gradually attenuate or cuneate.. Mentions of E. esula in the North American flora and invasive species literature are now referred to E. virgata.
References
esula
Category:Flora of Europe
Category:Flora of Estonia
Category:Flora of the United Kingdom
Category:Flora of Michigan
Category:Plants described in 1753 | {
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List of teams and cyclists in the 2016 Giro d'Italia
The 2016 Giro d'Italia is the first of cycling's Grand Tours to take place in the 2016 road cycling season. It is the 99th edition of the Giro d'Italia and takes place over 21 stages, beginning in the Netherlands on 6 May and finishing in Turin on 29 May. After the first three stages take place in the Netherlands, most of the rest of the race will take place in Italy; France hosts one stage start and one stage finish, while Switzerland also hosts a stage start.
The eighteen UCI WorldTeams were automatically invited and obliged to enter the race. In January 2016, four UCI Professional Continental teams were awarded wildcard places in the race by RCS Sport, the organisers of the Giro, to complete the 22-team peloton. With nine riders on each team, the peloton consists of 198 riders. These riders came from 34 countries; more than a quarter of the peloton (53 riders) were Italian, while no other nation had more than 20 riders participating in the race.
Teams
All 18 UCI WorldTeams were automatically invited and were obliged to attend the race. As the winner of the 2015 Coppa Italia competition, were automatically given a wildcard invitation. There were two surprises in the remaining three wildcard invitations: were not invited, nor were the Dutch , even though the race began in the Netherlands. Two of the remaining wildcards were given to Italian teams – and – and the last place was given to the Russian team . In the week before the race, Southeast–Venezuela changed its name to .
UCI WorldTeams
(riders)
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UCI Professional Continental teams
(riders)
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Cyclists
By starting number
By team
By nationality
The 198 riders that are competing in the 2016 Giro d'Italia originated from 34 different countries.
References
External links
Category:2016 Giro d'Italia
2016 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Falling in Love (1935 film)
Falling in Love is a 1935 British comedy film directed by Monty Banks and starring Charles Farrell, Mary Lawson, Diana Napier and Gregory Ratoff. The film was shot at Walton Studios. It was released in the United States the following year under the alternative title Trouble Ahead.
Plot
The manager of an American film star struggles to cope with her behaviour.
Cast
Charles Farrell as Howard Elliott
Mary Lawson as Ann Brent
Gregory Ratoff as Oscar Marks
H.F. Maltby as Cummins
Diana Napier as Gertie
Cathleen Nesbitt as Mother
Patrick Aherne as Dick Turner
Margot Grahame as June Desmond
Sally Stewart as Winnie
Monty Banks as Film Director
Marion Harris as Cafe Singer
Pat Fitzpatrick as Jackie
Carroll Gibbons and His Orchestra as Themselves
Eliot Makeham as Caretaker
Miles Malleson as Minor Role
Wally Patch as Boatman
References
Bibliography
Low, Rachael. Filmmaking in 1930s Britain. George Allen & Unwin, 1985.
Wood, Linda. British Films, 1927-1939. British Film Institute, 1986.
External links
Category:1935 films
Category:British films
Category:1930s comedy films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films directed by Monty Banks
Category:British comedy films
Category:Films shot at Nettlefold Studios
Category:British black-and-white films | {
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Grace Episcopal Church (Pembina, North Dakota)
Grace Episcopal Church is an historic Episcopal church building located at 152 Ramsey Street, West in Pembina, Pembina County, North Dakota. Designed in the Late Gothic Revival style of architecture by Fargo architect George Hancock, it was built in 1886. Unlike all the other churches in the Episcopal Churches of North Dakota Multiple Property Submission (MPS), it was built of brick instead of local fieldstone. The brick is yellow and was made locally by the Pembina Brick Company. The church building is one of only three extant building built of this brick. In 1937 Grace Church closed due to declining attendance and the building was sold by the Episcopal Diocese of North Dakota to the local Methodist congregation. Today it is the Pembina Pioneer Memorial United Methodist Church. On September 2, 1994, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Grace Episcopal Church.
Current use
Pembina Pioneer Memorial United Methodist Church is still active. Its pastor is the Rev. Gary H. Johnson.
References
Category:Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in North Dakota
Category:Episcopal church buildings in North Dakota
Category:United Methodist churches in North Dakota
Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in North Dakota
Category:Churches completed in 1886
Category:Buildings and structures in Pembina County, North Dakota
Category:19th-century Episcopal church buildings
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Advances in Mathematics
Advances in Mathematics is a mathematics journal publishing research on pure mathematics. It was founded in 1961 by Gian-Carlo Rota. The journal currently publishes 18 issues each year, in three volumes.
Abstracting and indexing
This journal is abstracted and indexed in:
CompuMath Citation Index
Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
Mathematical Reviews
Science Citation Index
Scopus
Zentralblatt MATH
See also
List of periodicals published by Elsevier
References
External links
Category:Mathematics journals
Category:Publications established in 1961
Category:English-language journals
Category:Elsevier academic journals | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Onalaska Independent School District
Onalaska Independent School District is a public school district based in Onalaska, Texas (USA).
In addition to Onalaska, the district also serves a portion of the unincorporated community of Blanchard.
In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.
Schools
Onalaska Junior/Senior High School (Grades 7-12)
Onalaska Elementary School (Grades PK-6)
References
External links
Onalaska ISD
Category:School districts in Texas
Category:School districts in Polk County, Texas | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Master of the Furies
Master of the Furies is the provisional name of an ivory sculptor working in the early 17th century. The name is derived from his characteristic work, showing shouting furies, in the Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna. All his works are without any signature. The earliest record of his works are found in an inventory of Maria Magdalena of Austria.
External links
The Master of the Furies - Press release of the Liebighaus Frankfurt am Main (in German)
Furies, Master of the | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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2012 Rally Italia Sardegna
The 2012 Rally Italia Sardegna was the penultimate round of the 2012 World Rally Championship season and was held between 18 and 21 October 2012. It was based in Olbia, Sardegna.
The rally was also the seventh round of the Production World Rally Championship.
Results
Event standings
Special Stages
Power stage
The "Power stage" was a stage at the end of the rally.
References
External links
Rally official website
Rally Italia at WRC.com
Rally Italia at eWRC.com
Rally Italia at JUWRA.com
Sardegna
Category:Rally Italia Sardegna
Rally di Sardegna | {
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Lampo-class destroyer
The Lampo class was a class of six destroyers of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) built by the German Schichau shipyard from 1899–1901. They served in the Italo-Turkish War (where one was lost) and the surviving ships in the First World War, before being disposed of between 1920 and 1924.
Design
In 1899, the Italian Navy ordered six destroyers from the German shipyard Schichau-Werke of Elbing, Prussia (now Elbląg in Poland). The design was typical for Schichau-designed destroyers of the period, with a raised turtleback forecastle, a ram bow and two funnels.
The ships were long between perpendiculars and overall, with a beam of and a draught of . Displacement was normal and full load. They were powered by two triple expansion steam engines fed by four Thornycroft water-tube boilers which were rated at driving two shafts to give a design speed of . Sufficient coal was carried to give an endurance of at or at .
Gun armament varied between ships. , , and carried a single /40 calibre gun (capable of firing a shell to a range of at a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute per gun) and five 57 mm/43 guns, while and carried six 57 mm guns. Torpedo armament consisted of two torpedo tubes. The ships' crew consisted of 59 officers and men.
The six ships were laid down between 1899 and 1900 and completed between 1900 and 1902. While the ships were fast, reaching speeds of over during sea trials (corresponding to a realistic sea speed of ), seaworthiness was poor.
Service
The ships of the class were active during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912. One ship, Freccia ran aground in a storm off Tripoli, Libya, on 12 October 1911, a few days after the city was captured by the Italians. Other ships in the class took part in operations along the coast of Libya, and in the Dodecanese.
In 1914, the remaining ships of the class formed part of the 6th Destroyer Division, based in Libya. During the First World War, the ships of the class were modified for minelaying, being fitted to carry at least 12 mines. The ships were used as escorts in North African waters and in the Tyrrhenian Sea, and as such carried depth charges and anti-submarine sweeps.
The ships of the class were disposed on during the early 1920s, with the last one stricken in November 1924.
Ships
Notes
Citations
References
Category:Destroyer classes
Category:World War I naval ships of Italy
Category:Destroyers of Germany | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Riverside Park Management
Riverside Park Management is a non-profit organization in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada that manages real estate properties including and surrounding Shaw Park, home to the Winnipeg Goldeyes baseball club.
History
The organization was founded by Winnipeg businessman Sam Katz in 1997 to create a leasehold stake in the proposed CanWest Park stadium that eventually housed his Winnipeg Goldeyes baseball team. Katz himself served as the company's first president, and took part in negotiations with different levels of government concerning the stadium's construction. Riverside Park later leased the stadium grounds and surrounding lots from the city for $1 per year plus payments equal to property taxes, and sublet the land to the Goldeyes. CanWest Park, now known as Shaw Park opened in 1999. In July 2004, the Goldeyes and Riverside Park had the same directors.
Katz was elected as Mayor of Winnipeg in 2004, and remained president of Riverside Park until April 2008. He has said that he ended his involvement with the day-to-day management of the company after his election. His successor as president is Jason McRae-King.
Conflict-of-interest controversy
Riverside Park became involved in a local controversy after appealing a steep 2006 property tax reassessment for a parking lot next to the arena. Two years after the appeal was launched, Winnipeg's property department asked city council to renegotiate the lease on terms favourable to the company. The city's executive policy committee (i.e. the municipal cabinet) heard evidence that the reassessment occurred because of confusion between two city departments, after Riverside Park was informed that there would be no significant increase.
Some journalists and councilors argued that Katz was involved in a conflict-of-interest over this situation, as he was both Mayor of Winnipeg and president of Riverside Park from August 2005 to April 2008, while the two sides were engaged in a financial dispute. Winnipeg Free Press journalist Bartley Kives argued that the conflict was clear, although he added that there was nothing to suggest the mayor misused his position for personal benefit.
Other concerns were later raised about Riverside Park. Councillor Dan Vandal, a frequent critic of Katz, said that the city should have access to its financial records to determine if it was properly fulfilling its role as a non-profit corporation. Russ Wyatt, a member of Katz's cabinet, expressed concern that Riverside Management did not provide any payments to the city from 2001 to 2004 because its land did not officially appear on assessment rolls, and called for the parking lot controversy to be referred to an outside lawyer.
After a rancorous and divisive debate, city council voted 8-6 to revise the lease and retroactively eliminate $233,000 from Riverside Park's back taxes in late 2008. Katz recused himself from both the vote and debate.
A subsequent investigation by the Winnipeg Free Press raised further concerns about Riverside's financial arrangements with the Goldeyes. In an article entitled "Fair ball?", Bartley Kives wrote that "[l]egal, accounting, ethics and non-profit governance experts" suggested that the relationship between the two entities was "unusual from a business perspective". Kives noted that Riverside Park was then leasing four parcels of land from the City of Winnipeg (covering the stadium and surrounding parking lots), which it then sublet to the Goldeyes. Riverside Park also made regular payments to the Goldeyes, which Kives indicated were "presumably to pay back part of the construction debt". Riverside Park reduced its debt to the Goldeyes by $1.3 million between 2000 and 2005, while the Goldeyes increased their annual rent payments to Riverside Park from $75,000 to over $1 million in the same period. Kives further noted that the Free Press was unable to draw any conclusions regarding the accelerated rent payments, as Riverside Park refused to turn over its books for investigation. A corporate lawyer hired by the Free Press said that he had never seen such an arrangement, while the Manitoba director of the Canadian Taxpayers Federation said the city should have leased the land directly to the for-profit company without going through Riverside Park.
Shortly after city council voted to eliminate Riverside Park's back taxes, the City of Winnipeg took over the parking lot that was the source of the controversy. Katz has repeatedly argued that there was nothing improper about his activities, and has accused the media of sensationalizing the controversy.
See also
Sam Katz
Shaw Park
Winnipeg Enterprises Corporation
References
Category:Organizations based in Winnipeg
Category:Winnipeg Goldeyes | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Ægir
In Norse mythology, Ægir (also Aegir) (Old Norse "sea") is a sea jötunn associated with the ocean. He is also known for being a friend of the gods and hosting elaborate parties for them.
He is the namesake for the exoplanet previously known as Epsilon Eridani b.
Ægir's servants are Fimafeng (killed by Loki) and Eldir.
Description
The Nafnaþulur attached Prose Edda list Ægir as a giant. Richard Cleasby and Guðbrandur Vigfússon saw his name as pre-Norse, derived from an ancient Indo-European root.
Attestations
Both Hversu Noregr byggðist and Snorri Sturluson in Skáldskaparmál state that Ægir is the same as the sea-giant Hlér, who lives on the Hlésey ("Hlér island", modern Danish Læsø), and this is borne out by kennings. Snorri uses his visiting the Æsir as the frame of that section of the Prose Edda.
In Lokasenna, Ægir hosts a party for the gods where he provides the ale brewed in an enormous pot or cauldron provided by Thor and Týr. The story of their obtaining the pot from the giant Hymir is told in Hymiskviða.
The prose introduction to Lokasenna and Snorri's list of kennings state that Ægir is also known as Gymir, who is Gerðr's father, but this is evidently an erroneous interpretation of kennings in which different giant-names are used interchangeably.
Family
According to Fundinn Noregr, Ægir is a son of the giant Fornjótr, the king of "Jotlandi, Kvænlandi and Finnlandi", and brother of Logi ("fire") and Kári ("wind").
Ægir's wife is Rán. She is mother of the Nine Daughters of Ægir.
See also
Ler (mythology)
Trent Aegir
Notes
References
Cleasby, Richard, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1957). An Icelandic-English Dictionary. 2nd ed. with supplement by William A. Craigie. Clarendon Press. Repr. 1975.
de Vries, Jan (1956). Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte Volume 1. 2nd ed. Berlin: de Gruyter. Repr. 1970.
Faulkes, Anthony (tr. and ed.) (1987). Snorri Sturluson. Edda. Everyman Classics. Repr. 1998. .
Lindow, John (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press.
Simek, Rudolf (1993). Dictionary of Northern Mythology, tr. Angela Hall. Cambridge: Brewer. Repr. 2000.
Category:Jötnar
Category:Sea and river gods
Category:Deities of wine and beer | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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1953 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1953 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University in the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1953 college football season. In their fifth season under head coach Kip Taylor, the Beavers compiled a 3–6 record (3–5 against PCC opponents), finished in sixth place in the PCC, and were outscored by their opponents, 187 to 39. The team played its home games at Multnomah Stadium in Portland and opened the new Parker Stadium in Corvallis on November 14 with a 7–0 homecoming win over Washington State.
Schedule
References
Category:Oregon State Beavers football seasons
Oregon State
Beavers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Écorpain
Écorpain is a commune in the Sarthe department in the Pays de la Loire region in north-western France.
See also
Communes of the Sarthe department
References
INSEE
Category:Communes of Sarthe | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Rivière à la Carpe
The rivière à la Carpe is a tributary of the eastern shore of the Métabetchouane River, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. Entirely in a forest zone, the course of this river crosses the unorganized territory of Belle-Rivière, in the Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality and the municipality of Saint-André-du-Lac-Saint-Jean, in the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality.
Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism, second.
The surface of the "rivière à la Carpe" (except the rapids zones) is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to the end of March.
Geography
The main watersheds neighboring the "rivière à la Carpe" are:
north side: Métabetchouane River, l'Abbé River, MacDonald River, Lac Saint-Jean;
east side: La Belle Rivière, Barnabé stream, Lac de la Belle Rivière, and rivière du Milieu;
south side: Métabetchouane River and lac à la Carpe;
west side: Métabetchouane River, Bruyante River and Prudent River.
The Carp River takes its source at the mouth of Lac Neuf (length: ; altitude: ). This lake receives two streams which are surrounded by marshes.
From its source, the course of the "rivière à la Carp" descends on , with a drop in level of , according to these segments:
towards the northwest by collecting two discharges from small unidentified lakes, up to a bend of a river where a stream pours into it;
toward the west it forms very small coils and by collecting the outlet of "Lac à la Vache", until the discharge of Lac à la Carpe
toward the west, it forms small streamers and by collecting two discharges from small unidentified lakes, as well as by crossing three series of rapids, up to a bend in the river;
toward northwest, bending west at the end of the segment and collecting a stream, to its mouth, located on the east bank of the Métabetchouane River.
From the confluence of the Carpe river, the current descends the Métabetchouane River north on to the south shore of Lac Saint-Jean; from there, the current crosses the latter on towards the northeast, then borrows the course of the Saguenay River via la Petite Landfill on until Tadoussac where it merges with the Saint Lawrence estuary.
Toponymy
The toponym "rivière à la Carpe" was formalized on December 5, 1968 at the Place Names Bank of the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
Notes and references
See also
Belle-Rivière, an unorganized territory
Saint-André-du-Lac-Saint-Jean, a municipality
Lac à la Carpe (rivière à la Carpe), a body of water
Laurentides Wildlife Reserve
Métabetchouane River
Lac Saint-Jean, a body of water
Saguenay River
St. Lawrence River
List of rivers of Quebec
External links
Category:Rivers of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean
Category:Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality
Category:Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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2MV
The 2MV planetary probe (short for 2nd generation Mars-Venus) is a designation for a common design used by early Soviet unmanned probes to Mars and Venus. It was an incremental improvement of earlier 1MV probes and was used for the Venera 5 and Venera 6 missions to Venus. It was standard practice of the Soviet space program to use standardized components as much as possible. All probes shared the same general characteristics and differed only in equipment necessary for specific missions. Each probe also incorporated improvements based on experience with earlier missions.
It was superseded by the 3MV family.
Design
The probe consisted of three primary parts.
Orbital Compartment
The core of the stack was a pressurized compartment called the Orbital Compartment measuring 2.1 meters with a diameter of 1.1 meters.
Also mounted on the Orbital Compartment was a parabolic high-gain antenna, used for long-range communications.
Payloads
Depending on the mission, the probe would carry specific instruments or a detachable landing module.
Engine
Course correction capabilities were provided by a KDU 414 engine attached to the top of the Orbital Compartment.
Variants
2MV-1: Venera 2MV-1 No.1 (Sputnik 19), Venera 2MV-1 No.2 (Sputnik 20)
2MV-2: Venera 2MV-2 No.1 (Sputnik 21)
2MV-4: Mars 2MV-4 No.1 (Sputnik 22), Mars 1 (Mars 2MV-4 or Sputnik 21)
2MV-3: Mars 2MV-3 No.1 (Sputnik 24)
2V (V-69): Venera 5 (2V (V-69) No.330), Venera 6 (2V (V-69) No.331)
See also
Soviet space program
Venera
References
Category:Soviet Mars missions
Category:Soviet Venus missions
Category:Soviet space probes | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Wandering cell
In anatomy and histology, the term wandering cell (or ameboid cell) is used to describe cells that are found in connective tissue, but are not fixed in place. This term is used occasionally and usually refers to blood leukocytes (which are not fixed and organized in solid tissue) in particular mononuclear phagocytes. Frequently, the term refers to circulating macrophages and has been used also for stationary macrophages fixed in tissues (histiocytes), which are sometimes referred to as "resting wandering cells".
Connective Tissue Cells
Connective tissue cells are typically divided into two types, fixed cells and wandering cells. Fibrocytes, or fibroblasts and fat cells(adipocytes) are fixed cells, where as macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and mast cells are wandering cells.
Fibrocytes are the most common cell type in connective tissues. If fibrocytes are stimulated by damage to the surrounding tissue, the fibrocyte is altered into a fibroblast. The fibroblasts contain organelles that are necessary for the synthesis and excretion of proteins needed to repair the tissue damage. Fibrocytes usually do not leave the connective tissue. Reticular cells are usually larger than fibrocytes. Reticular cells are the fibrocytes of reticular connective tissue and form a network of reticular fibers. Adipocytes are fat cells that are fixed cells in loose connective tissue. Their main function is the storage of lipid. Macrophages arise from monocytes. Monocytes originate in the bone marrow upon which they are released into the blood stream. They are mobile and leave the blood stream to enter connective tissues where they differentiate into macrophages.
The fibroblasts are the most important in the connective tissue. Fibroblasts manufacture and maintain the extracellular material. They migrate throughout the extracellular matrix to wherever they are needed. Adipocytes are cells that are very efficient at storing energy in the form of triglycerides.
Types of Cells
Macrophages: Supported by a network of connective tissue. Understood as the Reticuloendothelial System, the RES allows microglial differential in the CNS, pulmonary alveolar macrophages, tissue histiocytes, Kupffler Hepatic macrophages, Glomerular Mesangial Proliferation and unnamed Splenic expression of wandering macrophages. Sharing of iron storage remains an essential mystery.
Lymphocytes: These are cells responsible for immune responses that circulate in the blood. Normally, only small numbers are found in the CTs throughout the body. The number increases dramatically at certain sites of tissue inflammation. They are also very numerous in the lamina propria of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, where they are involved in immunosurveillance. The lamina propria is a layer of loose CT lying immediately beneath the epithelium.
Plasma cells: Plasma cells are derived from B-lymphocytes and produce antibodies against a specific antigen. They have a limited migratory ability and a short life.
Neutrophils: Neutrophils are white blood cells that act as phagocytes in the early stages of acute inflammation.
Eosinophils: Eosinophils are white blood cells that are found in the lamina propria of the GI tract, and at sites of allergic reaction and parasitic infection.
Basophils: Basophils are white blood cells that are similar to mast cells in having vasoactive agents released in response to an allergen.
Monocytes: Monocytes are white blood cells that will give rise to all the phagocytes of the mononuclear phagocytic system (see Ross et al., pg. 110, and Table 5.4, pg. 112). In CT, they give rise to macrophages (histiocytes).
Characteristics
Wandering Cells are probably amoeboid when alive but after fixations they are seen to possess a distinct nucleus. These cells are regarded as a special type of blood cell. The cells were found to take up iron saccharate, which had been injected into the haemocoele. The cell's cytoplasm contains a variety of inclusions and characteristically, a well-markedeosinophile area. The wandering cells of nudibranchs are excretory taking up effete matter from the harmocoele and discharging it into the lumen of the gut.
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes are just one group of cells that function as part of the immune system. More of this group travel around the lymphatic system than in the blood network. Two types of lymphocytes are present in the bloodstream, which are the B cells and the T cells.
B cells are wandering cells that are antibody factories. They are capable of producing molecules that can recognize and bond to specific types of molecules present in infectious organisms or substances that the body identifies as foreign. Every individual B cell makes only one particular type of antibody, specific to only one type of foreign substance. For example, where one cell produces antibody against one of the many viral causes of a cold, another cell's antibodies will ignore the presence of the same virus completely.
Normally, the body contains many different B cells, specialized for a specific invader, but only has low levels of each type circulating. When an invader manages to break past other defenses, like the skin or digestive tract into the body, then the circulating B cells that target that particular foreigner multiply up and produce more antibody. Special forms of B cell called plasma cells produce antibodies; little versions of the specialized B cells, called memory B cells, remain stored in lymph glands prepared for the next invasion by the foreigner.
Although the products of B cells, the antibodies, stick onto their target invader, they most often do not kill the invader. This job falls to other types of lymphocytes called T cells. There are three different forms of T cells, which are the Helper T cells, the Killer T cells, and the Suppressor T cells.
See also
Amoeboid
References
External links
Description at ufl.edu
Category:Connective tissue cells | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Amberd, Armavir
Amberd (); known as Franganots until 1978, is a village in the Armavir Province of Armenia. The village is home to the historic church of Thomas the Apostle, dating back to the 12th century.
See also
Armavir Province
References
World Gazeteer: Armenia – World-Gazetteer.com
Category:Populated places in Armavir Province | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2007 Nordic Figure Skating Championships
The 2007 Nordic Figure Skating Championships was the championship following the 2006–2007 season. The competition was open to elite figure skaters from Nordic Countries. Skaters competed in two disciplines, ladies singles and men's singles, across three levels: senior (Olympic-level), junior, and novice.
The 2007 Nordics were held at the Helsinki Ice Hall in Helsinki, Finland from February 8th through 11th, 2007.
Results
Senior Men
Senior Ladies
Junior Men
Junior Ladies
Novice Men
Novice Ladies
References
2007 Nordics
Nordic Figure Skating Championships, 2007
Category:Nordic Figure Skating Championships
Category:International figure skating competitions hosted by Finland
Nordic Figure Skating Championships, 2007 | {
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Phnom Malai
Phnom Malai () is a mountain area in Malai District, Banteay Meanchey Province of Cambodia.
The district became a Khmer Rouge stronghold and battleground through the 1980s and 1990s.
Today it is a remote and sparsely populated border area with scattered settlements mostly made up of former rebels.
History
Refugees from refugee camps in Aranyaprathet, Thailand, were forcefully sent back across the border in 1980 to areas under Khmer Rouge control and many of them ended up in Phnom Malai. The process was organized by pro-Democratic Kampuchea cadres, but it was presented to the press as "voluntary". It was supported by the United States government, who took a dim view of the existing pro-Vietnamese Cambodian regime, as well as countries like Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore, whose representative exhorted the disoriented refugees to "go back and fight."
By 1981 Phnom Malai was not self-sufficient, the Khmer Rouge uniforms and weapons came from China, channeled through the Thai military, and the food from markets across the border in Thailand.
In this period, the Khmer Rouge was able to rebuild its military, now titled the
"National Army of Democratic Kampuchea" (NADK), as well as its infamous ruling party, the
Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK), the sinister and shadowy "angkar", as the Party of Democratic Kampuchea.
By mid-1980s, with the cooperation of the West and China, the Khmer Rouge had grown to about 35 to 50 thousand troops and committed cadres.
Pol Pot lived in the Phnom Malai area, giving interviews in the early 1980s accusing all those who opposed him of being traitors and "puppets" of the Vietnamese until he disappeared from public view. In 1985, his "retirement" was announced, but he kept hiding somewhere close by, still pulling the Khmer Rouge strings of power.
Phnom Malai was the location where in 1981 Pol Pot made his famous declarations denying guilt for the brutalities of the organization he led:
[Pol Pot] said that he knows that many people in the country hate him and think he’s responsible for the killings. He said that he knows many people died. When he said this he nearly broke down and cried. He said he must accept responsibility because the line was too far to the left, and because he didn’t keep proper track of what was going on. He said he was like the master in a house he didn’t know what the kids were up to, and that he trusted people too much. For example, he allowed [one person] to take care of central committee business for him, [another person] to take care of intellectuals, and [a third person] to take care of political education.... These were the people to whom he felt very close, and he trusted them completely. Then in the end ... they made a mess of everything.... They would tell him things that were not true, that everything was fine, that this person or that was a traitor. In the end they were the real traitors. The major problem had been cadres formed by the Vietnamese.
The Khmer Rouge base complex at Phnom Malai was overrun by the PRK army during the 1985 dry season. Its headquarters were completely destroyed; the Vietnamese attackers suffered substantial losses during the attack. Pol Pot was able to flee across the border to Thailand, where he lived until his death in 1998.
See also
K5 Plan
References
External links
Khmer Rouge pictures at Phnom Malai
Category:Mountains of Cambodia
Category:Geography of Banteay Meanchey Province | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Stock valuation
In financial markets, stock valuation is the method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks. The main use of these methods is to predict future market prices, or more generally, potential market prices, and thus to profit from price movement – stocks that are judged undervalued (with respect to their theoretical value) are bought, while stocks that are judged overvalued are sold, in the expectation that undervalued stocks will overall rise in value, while overvalued stocks will generally decrease in value.
In the view of fundamental analysis, stock valuation based on fundamentals aims to give an estimate of the intrinsic value of a stock, based on predictions of the future cash flows and profitability of the business. Fundamental analysis may be replaced or augmented by market criteria – what the market will pay for the stock, disregarding intrinsic value. These can be combined as "predictions of future cash flows/profits (fundamental)", together with "what will the market pay for these profits?" These can be seen as "supply and demand" sides – what underlies the supply (of stock), and what drives the (market) demand for stock?
In the view of John Maynard Keynes, stock valuation is not a prediction but a convention, which serves to facilitate investment and ensure that stocks are liquid, despite being underpinned by an illiquid business and its illiquid investments, such as factories.
Fundamental criteria (fair value)
There are many different ways to value stocks. The key is to take each approach into account while formulating an overall opinion of the stock. If the valuation of a company is lower or higher than other similar stocks, then the next step would be to determine the reasons.
The first approach, Fundamental analysis, is typically associated with investors and financial analysts - its output is used to justify stock prices.
The most theoretically sound stock valuation method, is called "income valuation" or the discounted cash flow (DCF) method. It is widely applied in all areas of finance.
Perhaps the most common fundamental methodology is the P/E ratio (Price to Earnings Ratio). This example of "relative valuation" is based on historic ratios and aims to assign value to a stock based on measurable attributes. This form of valuation is typically what drives long-term stock prices.
The alternative approach - Technical analysis - is to base the assessment on supply and demand: simply, the more people that want to buy the stock, the higher its price will be; and conversely, the more people that want to sell the stock, the lower the price will be.
This form of valuation often drives the short-term stock market trends; and is associated with speculators as opposed to investors.
Discounted cash flow
The discounted cash flow (DCF) method involves discounting of the profits (dividends, earnings, or cash flows) that the stock will bring to the stockholder in the foreseeable future, and a final value on disposal. The discounted rate normally includes a risk premium which is commonly based on the capital asset pricing model.
For discussion of the mechanics, see Valuation using discounted cash flows.
In July 2010, a Delaware court ruled on appropriate inputs to use in discounted cash flow analysis in a dispute between shareholders and a company over the proper fair value of the stock. In this case the shareholders' model provided value of $139 per share and the company's model provided $89 per share. Contested inputs included the terminal growth rate, the equity risk premium, and beta.
Earnings per share (EPS)
EPS is the Net income available to common shareholders of the company divided by the number of shares outstanding. Usually there will be two types of EPS listed: a GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) EPS and a Pro Forma EPS, which means that the income has been adjusted to exclude any one time items as well as some non-cash items like amortization of goodwill or stock option expenses. The most important thing to look for in the EPS figure is the overall quality of earnings. Make sure the company is not trying to manipulate their EPS numbers to make it look like they are more profitable. Also, look at the growth in EPS over the past several quarters / years to understand how volatile their EPS is, and to see if they are an underachiever or an overachiever. In other words, have they consistently beaten expectations or are they constantly restating and lowering their forecasts?
The EPS number that most analysts use is the pro forma EPS. To compute this number, use the net income that excludes any one-time gains or losses and excludes any non-cash expenses like amortization of goodwill. Never exclude non-cash compensation expense as that does impact earnings per share. Then divide this number by the number of fully diluted shares outstanding. Historical EPS figures and forecasts for the next 1–2 years can be found by visiting free financial sites such as Yahoo Finance (enter the ticker and then click on "estimates").
Price to Earnings (P/E)
Now that the analyst has several EPS figures (historical and forecasts), the analyst will be able to look at the most common valuation technique used, the price to earnings ratio, or P/E. To compute this figure, one divides the stock price by the annual EPS figure. For example, if the stock is trading at $10 and the EPS is $0.50, the P/E is 20 times. A complete analysis of the P/E multiple includes a look at the historical and forward ratios.
Historical P/Es are computed by taking the current price divided by the sum of the EPS for the last four quarters, or for the previous year. Historical trends of the P/E should also be considered by viewing a chart of its historical P/E over the last several years (one can find this on most finance sites like Yahoo Finance). Specifically consider what range the P/E has traded in so as to determine whether the current P/E is high or low versus its historical average.
Forward P/Es reflect the future growth of the company into the future. Forward P/Es are computed by taking the current stock price divided by the sum of the EPS estimates for the next four quarters, or for the EPS estimate for next calendar or fiscal year or two.
P/Es change constantly. If there is a large price change in a stock, or if the earnings (EPS) estimates change, the ratio is recomputed.
Growth rate
See: Sustainable growth rate #From a financial perspective; Valuation using discounted cash flows #Determine the continuing value; Earnings growth; Growth stock; PEG ratio.
Discounted cash flow based valuations rely (very) heavily on the expected growth rate of a company. An accurate assessment is therefore critical to the valuation
Here, the analyst will typically look at the historical growth rate of both sales and income to derive a base for the type of future growth expected.
However, since, companies are constantly evolving, as is the economy, solely using historical growth rates to predict the future will not be approriate (the "problem of induction"; see Discounted cash flow #Shortcomings).
These, instead, are used as guidelines for what future growth "could look like" if similar circumstances are encountered by the company.
Calculating the future growth rate therefore requires personal investment research - familiarity with a company is essential before making a forecast.
This may take form in listening to the company's quarterly conference call or reading a press release or other company article that discusses the company's growth guidance.
However, although companies are in the best position to forecast their own growth, they are often far from accurate; further, unforeseen macro-events could cause impact the economy and /or the company's industry.
Regardless of research effort, a growth-rate based valuation therefore relies heavily on experience and judgement ("gut feel"), and analysts will thus (often) make inaccurate forecasts.
It is for this reason, that analysts often model a range of forecast values.
As an example here, if the company being valued has been growing earnings between 5 and 10% each year for the last 5 years, but believes that it will grow 15 –20% this year, a more conservative growth rate of 10–15% would be appropriate in valuations. Another example would be for a company that has been going through restructuring. It may have been growing earnings at 10–15% over the past several quarters or years because of cost cutting, but their sales growth could be only 0–5%. This would signal that their earnings growth will probably slow when the cost cutting has fully taken effect. Therefore, forecasting an earnings growth closer to the 0–5% rate would be more appropriate rather than the 15–20%.
Capital structure substitution - asset pricing formula
The capital structure substitution theory (CSS) describes the relationship between earnings, stock price and capital structure of public companies. The equilibrium condition of the CSS theory can be easily rearranged to an asset pricing formula:
where
P is the current market price of public company x
E is the earnings-per-share of company x
R is the nominal interest rate on corporate bonds of company x
T is the corporate tax rate
The CSS theory suggests that company share prices are strongly influenced by bondholders. As a result of active repurchasing or issuing of shares by company managements, equilibrium pricing is no longer a result of balancing shareholder demand and supply. The asset pricing formula only applies to debt-holding companies.
The asset pricing formula can be used on a market aggregate level as well. The resulting graph shows at what times the S&P 500 Composite was overpriced and at what times it was under-priced relative to the capital structure substitution theory equilibrium. In times when the market is under-priced, corporate buyback programs will allow companies to drive up earnings-per-share, and generate extra demand in the stock market.
Price earnings to growth (PEG) ratio
This valuation technique has really become popular over the past decade or so. It is better than just looking at a P/E because it takes three factors into account; the price, earnings, and earnings growth rates. To compute the PEG ratio, the Forward P/E is divided by the expected earnings growth rate (one can also use historical P/E and historical growth rate to see where it has traded in the past). This will yield a ratio that is usually expressed as a percentage. The theory goes that as the percentage rises over 100% the stock becomes more and more overvalued, and as the PEG ratio falls below 100% the stock becomes more and more undervalued. The theory is based on a belief that P/E ratios should approximate the long-term growth rate of a company's earnings. Whether or not this is true will never be proven and the theory is therefore just a rule of thumb to use in the overall valuation process.
Here is an example of how to use the PEG ratio to compare stocks. Stock A is trading at a forward P/E of 15 and expected to grow at 20%. Stock B is trading at a forward P/E of 30 and expected to grow at 25%. The PEG ratio for Stock A is 75% (15/20) and for Stock B is 120% (30/25). According to the PEG ratio, Stock A is a better purchase because it has a lower PEG ratio, or in other words, you can purchase its future earnings growth for a lower relative price than that of Stock B.
Sum of perpetuities method
The PEG ratio is a special case in the sum of perpetuities method (SPM) equation. A generalized version of the Walter model (1956), SPM considers the effects of dividends, earnings growth, as well as the risk profile of a firm on a stock's value. Derived from the compound interest formula using the present value of a perpetuity equation, SPM is an alternative to the Gordon Growth Model. The variables are:
is the value of the stock or business
is a company's earnings
is the company's constant growth rate
is the company's risk adjusted discount rate
is the company's dividend payment
In a special case where is equal to 10%, and the company does not pay dividends, SPM reduces to the PEG ratio.
Additional models represent the sum of perpetuities in terms of earnings, growth rate, the risk-adjusted discount rate, and accounting book value.
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
This valuation technique measures how much money the company makes each year per dollar of invested capital. Invested Capital is the amount of money invested in the company by both stockholders and debtors. The ratio is expressed as a percent and one looks for a percent that approximates the level of growth that expected. In its simplest definition, this ratio measures the investment return that management is able to get for its capital. The higher the number, the better the return.
To compute the ratio, take the pro forma net income (same one used in the EPS figure mentioned above) and divide it by the invested capital. Invested capital can be estimated by adding together the stockholders equity, the total long and short term debt and accounts payable, and then subtracting accounts receivable and cash (all of these numbers can be found on the company's latest quarterly balance sheet). This ratio is much more useful when comparing it to other companies being valued.
Return on Assets (ROA)
Similar to ROIC, ROA, expressed as a percent, measures the company's ability to make money from its assets. To measure the ROA, take the pro forma net income divided by the total assets. However, because of very common irregularities in balance sheets (due to things like Goodwill, write-offs, discontinuations, etc.) this ratio is not always a good indicator of the company's potential. If the ratio is higher or lower than expected, one should look closely at the assets to see what could be over or understating the figure.
Price to Sales (P/S)
This figure is useful because it compares the current stock price to the annual sales. In other words, it describes how much the stock costs per dollar of sales earned.
Market Cap
Market cap, which is short for market capitalization, is the value of all of the company's stock. To measure it, multiply the current stock price by the fully diluted shares outstanding. Remember, the market cap is only the value of the stock. To get a more complete picture, look at the enterprise value.
Enterprise Value (EV)
Enterprise value is equal to the total value of the company, as it is trading for on the stock market. To compute it, add the market cap (see above) and the total net debt of the company. The total net debt is equal to total long and short term debt plus accounts payable, minus accounts receivable, minus cash. The enterprise value is the best approximation of what a company is worth at any point in time because it takes into account the actual stock price instead of balance sheet prices. When analysts say that a company is a "billion dollar" company, they are often referring to its total enterprise value. Enterprise value fluctuates rapidly based on stock price changes.
EV to Sales
This ratio measures the total company value as compared to its annual sales. A high ratio means that the company's value is much more than its sales. To compute it, divide the EV by the net sales for the last four quarters. This ratio is especially useful when valuing companies that do not have earnings, or that are going through unusually rough times. For example, if a company is facing restructuring and it is currently losing money, then the P/E ratio would be irrelevant. However, by applying an EV to Sales ratio, one could compute what that company could trade for when its restructuring is over and its earnings are back to normal.
EBITDA
EBITDA stands for earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. It is one of the best measures of a company's cash flow and is used for valuing both public and private companies. To compute EBITDA, use a company's income statement, take the net income and then add back interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and any other non-cash or one-time charges. This leaves you with a number that approximates how much cash the company is producing. EBITDA is a very popular figure because it can easily be compared across companies, even if not all of the companies are profitable.
EV to EBITDA
This is perhaps one of the best measurements of whether or not a company is cheap or expensive. To compute, divide the EV by EBITDA (see above for calculations). The higher the number, the more expensive the company is. However, remember that more expensive companies are often valued higher because they are growing faster or because they are a higher quality company. With that said, the best way to use EV/EBITDA is to compare it to that of other similar companies.
Approximate valuation approaches
Average growth approximation
Assuming that two stocks have the same earnings growth, the one with a lower P/E is a better value. The P/E method is perhaps the most commonly used valuation method in the stock brokerage industry. By using comparison firms, a target price/earnings (or P/E) ratio is selected for the company, and then the future earnings of the company are estimated. The valuation's fair price is simply estimated earnings times target P/E. This model is essentially the same model as Gordon's model, if k-g is estimated as the dividend payout ratio (D/E) divided by the target P/E ratio.
Constant growth approximation
The Gordon model or Gordon's growth model
is the best known of a class of discounted dividend models. It assumes that dividends will increase at a constant growth rate (less than the discount rate) forever. The valuation is given by the formula:
.
and the following table defines each symbol:
Dividend growth rate is not known, but earnings growth may be used in its place, assuming that the payout ratio is constant.
Limited high-growth period approximation
When a stock has a significantly higher growth rate than its peers, it is sometimes assumed that the earnings growth rate will be sustained for a short time (say, 5 years), and then the growth rate will revert to the mean. This is probably the most rigorous approximation that is practical.
While these DCF models are commonly used, the uncertainty in these values is hardly ever discussed. Note that the models diverge for
and hence are extremely sensitive to the difference of dividend growth to discount factor. One might argue that an analyst can justify any value (and that
would usually be one close to the current price supporting his call) by fine-tuning the growth/discount assumptions.
Implied growth models
One can use the Gordon model or the limited high-growth period approximation model to impute an implied growth estimate. To do this, one takes the average P/E and average growth for a comparison index, uses the current (or forward) P/E of the stock in question, and calculates what growth rate would be needed for the two valuation equations to be equal. This yields an estimate of the "break-even" growth rate for the stock's current P/E ratio. (Note : we are using earnings not dividends here because dividend policies vary and may be influenced by many factors including tax treatment).
Imputed growth acceleration ratio
Subsequently, one can divide this imputed growth estimate by recent historical growth rates. If the resulting ratio is greater than one, it implies that the stock would need to experience accelerated growth relative to its prior recent historical growth to justify its current P/E (higher values suggest potential overvaluation). If the resulting ratio is less than one, it implies that either the market expects growth to slow for this stock or that the stock could sustain its current P/E with lower than historical growth (lower values suggest potential undervaluation).
Comparison of the IGAR across stocks in the same industry may give estimates of relative value. IGAR averages across an industry may give estimates of relative expected changes in industry growth (e.g. the market's imputed expectation that an industry is about to "take-off" or stagnate). Naturally, any differences in IGAR between stocks in the same industry may be due to differences in fundamentals, and would require further specific analysis.
Market criteria (potential price)
Some feel that if the stock is listed in a well-organized stock market, with a large volume of transactions, the market price will reflect all known information relevant to the valuation of the stock. This is called the efficient-market hypothesis.
On the other hand, studies made in the field of behavioral finance tend to show that deviations from the fair price are rather common, and sometimes quite large.
Thus, in addition to fundamental economic criteria, market criteria also have to be taken into account market-based valuation. Valuing a stock requires not just an estimate its fair value, but also to determine its potential price range, taking into account market behavior aspects. One of the behavioral valuation tools is the stock image, a coefficient that bridges the theoretical fair value and the market price.
Keynes's view
In the view of noted economist John Maynard Keynes, stock valuation is not an estimate of the fair value of stocks, but rather a convention, which serves to provide the necessary stability and liquidity for investment, so long as the convention does not break down:
See also
Stock selection criterion
Bond valuation
Capital asset pricing model
Value at risk
Mosaic theory
Fundamental analysis
Technical analysis
Fed model theory of equity valuation
Undervalued stock
John Burr Williams: Theory
Chepakovich valuation model
Relative Strength Index
Return on Equity
References
Category:Fundamental analysis
Category:Valuation (finance) | {
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Slovak Sign Language
The Slovak Sign Language is the sign language of the deaf community in Slovakia. It belongs to the French sign-language family. Bickford (2005) found that Slovak, Czech, and Hungarian Sign formed a cluster with Romanian, Bulgarian, and Polish Sign.
Despite the similarity of oral Slovak and Czech, SSL is not particularly close to Czech Sign Language.
References
Category:French Sign Language family
Category:Languages of Slovakia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Rugby union in Burundi
Rugby union in Burundi is a minor but growing sport.
Governing body
The governing body is the Burundi Rugby Federation.
History
Rugby was first introduced into Burundi in the late 20th century. Burundi was a colony of Belgium until 1962, and some of the earliest games may have been played by people from there (see Rugby union in Belgium). Rugby was also being played in other countries in the region - such as Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya - that were British colonies, again, mainly by whites.
In the 1970s and 1980s, rugby in Burundi became better organised. During that period, it was mainly played by Belgian and French ex-patriates in the country.
Intambwe Rugby Club
The first formally registered club was the Intambwe Rugby Club or IRC. The clubs first presidents were Stanislas Mandi and Christian Taupiac.
It produced some notable players including Marc Bourgeois, Charles Mugiraneza, "Okume", Bernard Bordes, Patrice Ndindakumana, Lilian Campan, Louis Riboli and Simeon Sahabo.
The IRC played a number of matches, including ones against French, Rwandan and Kenyan teams.
See also
Burundi national rugby union team
Confederation of African Rugby
Africa Cup
External links
IRB Burundi page
CAR
Burundi on IRB.com
Burundi on rugbydata.com
Burundi scores first ever test victory
Archives du Rugby: Burundi
References
*
Category:Sport in Burundi | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Charles Irving Elliott
Charles Irving "Sam" Elliott (1892–1972) was a pioneer aviator in the Hawaiian Islands. As an airline pilot, he is credited with the first scheduled passenger flight between the Hawaiian Islands, the first scheduled airmail flight between the Hawaiian Islands, and the first scheduled cargo flight in the US/Hawaiian Islands.
Early Life
Elliott was born on November 13, 1892, in Barnum, West Virginia, to Fredrick and Susan (Blackburn) Elliott. Elliott had three younger sisters (Ruth, Lilly, and Myrtle) and two younger brothers (Francis and Donovan). His teenage years were spent in Seaside, Oregon where he worked with his father as a carpenter. Elliott joined the US Navy in 1915 and married Christine E. Benton on Sept. 12, 1918 in San Diego, California.
Naval career
Elliott was a carpenter's mate stationed at Rockwell Field on the San Diego Harbor. In 1919, Elliott applied for and was accepted into the Navy's flight training program offered to enlisted personnel. After graduation from flight school, he was selected to remain at the Pensacola Naval Air Station in Florida as a flight instructor. His next assignment was to fly scout planes off the Battleship USS Nevada. He was then assigned to Torpedo Plane Squadron #2 in San Diego, and made his connection to Hawaii when his unit was transferred to Naval Air Station Pearl Harbor in 1923. Being an enlisted man, Chief Petty Officer Elliott was referred to as a Naval Aviation Pilot, or AP for short.
Airline career
In 1929, the newly formed Inter-Island Airways needed to hire a Chief Pilot to help begin flight operations. The founder of Inter-Island Airways, Stanley Kennedy Sr., flew Curtiss H-16 seaplanes for the US Navy in World War I. Due to his knowledge of their capabilities and the lack of suitable airports in Hawaii at the time, Kennedy wanted to hire a Chief Pilot with naval seaplane experience. Elliott was hired as Chief Pilot for Inter-Island Airways on August 1, 1929. Elliott's initial tasks were to oversee the construction of the company's hangar, hire new pilots, fly the company's Bellanca Pacemaker on sightseeing flights over Oahu, and prepare for the arrival of their Sikorsky S-38 amphibious aircraft from the factory in Connecticut. Kennedy and Elliott, both being WWI veterans, chose Armistice Day to be the inaugural day for scheduled air travel between the Hawaiian Islands.
First Scheduled Airline Flight in the Hawaiian Islands
On November 11, 1929, Territorial Governor Lawrence M. Judd led the events attended by thousands of spectators for the first airline flight between the Hawaiian Islands. Betty Judd, the Governor's daughter, christened the two S-38's with bottles of Champaign and floral leis. Elliott captained the S-38 "Hawaii" with mate/mechanic Elmer Koski in lead-formation with the S-38 "Maui" captained by Carl Cover and mate/mechanic Leonard Fry. The two S-38's departed John Rodgers Field (now Honolulu International Airport) and met up with 49 military aircraft and the Inter-Island Airways Bellanca (flown by Darr Alkire) circling overhead to fly in formation past Honolulu and Waikiki, and then out to Diamond Head. The two S-38's continued on to Maui where they were met by "the greatest throng ever assembled with exception perhaps of the opening day of the county fair", wired the Honolulu Star-Bulletin.
The two S-38's soon departed Maui for their next leg to Hilo on the Island of Hawaii. Upon landing at Hilo, the Honolulu Star-Bulletin wired public and official enthusiasm exceeding any similar demonstrations in the history of this island city...a vast crowd at the airport, drawn from all sections of the island in the realization that the flight opens a new era in Hawaii transportation...long before the arrival of the Sikorskys all sides of the Waiakea airport was lined by hundreds of automobiles. The report that the ships had been sighted over Hawi at 11:55am was the signal for a cheer.
First Scheduled Airmail Flight in the Hawaiian Islands
Another milestone happened in Elliott's airline career on October 8, 1934. Territorial Governor Joseph Poindexter and Honolulu Postmaster Charles Chillingsworth led the ceremonies for the inaugural flight carrying airmail between the Hawaiian Islands. In New York City, Postmaster General James Farley extended his congratulations over a nationwide radio broadcast. Governor Poindexter handed the bags of mail up to Elliott and co-pilot James Hogg, then the S-38 "Maui" took off for Hilo introducing airmail service for the residents of Hawaii.
First Scheduled Cargo Flight in the USA/Territory of Hawaii
During World War II, the inter-island cargo ships were commandeered into military service by the War Shipping Administration. This created a crises for the people of Hawaii, as shipping had been the only means of transporting cargo between the islands. Hawaiian Airlines (Inter-Island Airways changed its name to Hawaiian Airlines in 1941) petitioned the Civil Aeronautics Board for authorization to fly air cargo flights between the islands. Hawaiian Airlines was rewarded with United States Air Cargo Certificate #1. On March 20, 1942, Elliott captained the first scheduled air cargo flight in the United States.
Death and Honors
Elliott retired from Hawaiian Airlines in 1951and moved to the US mainland. Christine died in 1961, and on November 14, 1962 Elliott married Bertha Widmann in Las Vegas, Nevada. Elliott died in Burbank, California on July 5, 1972 from a stroke at the age of 79. He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.
• On November 11, 1964, the House of Representatives for the State of Hawaii named "Elliott Street" at the Honolulu International Airport in his honor
• On November 11, 2017, Hawaiian Airlines named its 21-acre "Charles I. Elliott Maintenance and Cargo Facility" in his honor
Firsts
• First airline pilot hired in the Territory of Hawaii (1929)
• First to fly a scheduled airline passenger flight in the Territory of Hawaii (1929)
• First to fly a scheduled airmail flight in the Territory of Hawaii (1934)
• First to fly a scheduled cargo flight in the United States/Territory of Hawaii (1942)
References
Category:1892 births
Category:1972 deaths
Category:Aviation pioneers
Category:Commercial aviators
Category:Aviators from Hawaii
Category:Hawaiian Airlines
Category:Aviators from West Virginia
Category:United States Naval Aviators
Category:Aviators from Oregon
Category:American naval personnel of World War I | {
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Chloe Fineman
Chloe Rose Fineman (born July 20, 1988) is an American actress, writer, and comedian. Fineman began her career with The Groundlings improv troupe, and became a featured player on Saturday Night Live starting in its forty-fifth season.
Early life
Fineman was raised in Piedmont, California. Her parents are painter Ellen Gunn and biotechnology executive David Fineman. She has two sisters, visual artist Emma and CrossFit athlete Alexia (Leka). Fineman is of Jewish descent, and growing up she attended a day camp associated with a Berkeley Reform synagogue. While her father is Jewish, Fineman is also "1/2 Wasp", as she has jokingly described herself.
She graduated from Piedmont High School in 2006. The school's acting teacher said she was "equally brilliant with comedy and drama". The teacher said that as a junior, Fineman directed Metamorphoses by Mary Zimmerman; as a senior, she directed The Vagina Monologues by Eve Ensler; she performed lead roles in The Visit by Friedrich Dürrenmatt and Crimes of the Heart by Beth Henley; and she has returned to the school to direct plays and lead workshops.
Fineman studied at the New York University Tisch School of the Arts and Stella Adler Studio, graduating in 2011.
Career
After graduating from college, Fineman moved to Los Angeles, where she performed in The Groundlings troupe's Sunday Company. She also performed in "Characters Welcome" at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre. In 2018, she was recognized as a "New Face" at the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal, and she was nominated for Best Comedian at the 2019 Shorty Awards. Her television appearances include Jane the Virgin and Search Party.
She maintains an online presence known in particular for her impressions. On Instagram, she has posted celebrity impressions as well as clips from her Groundlings work and stand-up comedy. On YouTube, she has done character impressions. In 2018, Vulture critic Luke Kelly-Cline wrote that after seeing Fineman do impressions of Meryl Streep and others, "As I found out, that extra bit of genius she possesses – that intangible thing that takes a good impression to a great impression – is rooted in her ability to create entirely original characters who feel as real as anyone you've ever met," concluding, "Chloe Fineman is absolutely one of the most talented new performers right now, and she's long overdue for a break."
Fineman's addition to the cast of Saturday Night Live, the long-running NBC sketch-comedy show, as a featured player was announced on September 12, 2019, along with the addition of Bowen Yang.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century American actresses
Category:21st-century American comedians
Category:American impressionists (entertainers)
Category:21st-century American writers
Category:1988 births
Category:21st-century American women writers
Category:American women comedians
Category:Actresses from Berkeley, California
Category:Writers from Berkeley, California
Category:Comedians from California
Category:Tisch School of the Arts alumni
Category:Jewish American comedians
Category:American people of British descent
Category:American people of Jewish descent | {
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FA1
FA1 or FA-1 may refer to :
Arrows FA1, a racing car
FA-1 (cable system), a fiber cable crossing the Atlantic
Fresh Aire, the first album in the Fresh Aire album series
ALCO FA-1, a diesel-electric locomotive
Formula Acceleration 1, a formula racing series that started in 2014 | {
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Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia
The Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL) was a rebel group that participated in the First Liberian Civil War under the leadership of Prince Johnson. It was a breakaway faction of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL).
The INPFL was formed by Prince Johnson after a leadership dispute with NPFL leader Charles Taylor over his authority as self-proclaimed head of the National Patriotic Reconstruction Assembly Government (NPRAG), an alternative government that was based in the Bong County town of Gbarnga.
Initially estimated at less than 500 troops, the INPFL was a significant force in the early stages of the war. It controlled a number of strategic points within the capital city of Monrovia and facilitated the deployment of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) cease-fire monitoring group forces, known as ECOMOG.
It was the INPFL which captured and murdered President Samuel Doe in September 1990.
The faction disintegrated in the wake of internal wrangling over its level of co-operation with the interim government, ECOMOG and the NPFL. Through 1991, its role in the conflict substantially declined and the faction formally disbanded in late 1992.
References
Category:History of Liberia
Category:Rebel groups in Liberia | {
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Qing poetry
Qing poetry refers to the poetry of or typical of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). Classical Chinese poetry continued to be the major poetic form of the Qing dynasty, during which the debates, trends and widespread literacy of the Ming period began to flourish once again after a transitional period during which the Qing dynasty had established its dominance. Also, popular versions of Classical Chinese poetry were transmitted through Qing dynasty anthologies, such as the collections of Tang poetry known as the Quantangshi and the Three Hundred Tang Poems. The poetry of the Qing Dynasty has an ongoing and growing body of scholarly literature associated with its study. Both the poetry of the Ming dynasty and the poetry of the Qing dynasty are studied for poetry associated with Chinese opera, the developmental trends of Classical Chinese poetry and the transition to the more vernacular type of Modern Chinese poetry, as well as poetry by women in Chinese culture.
Background
The Qing dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1911 with a brief restoration, in 1917. The Qing Dynasty was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China. The dynasty was founded by the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan in contemporary Northeastern China, under the rule of Nurhaci, a former vassal of the Ming emperors. By 1635, Nurhaci's son Hong Taiji could claim they constituted a single and united Manchu people and eventually they seized control of Beijing and overthrew Li Zicheng's short-lived Shun Dynasty, completing their conquest of China around 1683 under the Kangxi Emperor. Over the course of its reign, the Qing integration with Chinese culture included the continuation of Chinese literature and Classical Chinese poetry. The imperial examinations continued and Han civil servants administered the empire alongside Manchu ones.
Poets and poetry
Classical Chinese poetry continued to be the major poetic form of the Qing Dynasty. This was also a time of related literary developments, such as the collections of Tang poetry, under the Kangxi Emperor. The debates, trends and widespread literacy of the Ming period began to flourish once again after a transitional period during which the Qing Dynasty had established its dominance. The "Three Masters of Jiangdong" wrote during the Ming-Qing transition. They were Gong Dingzi, Wu Weiye, Qian Qianyi, who were influential in reviving the ci (song lyric) style.
In addition to those identified primarily as poets, such as Wang Shizhen, Nara Singde (Nalan Xingdei), and Zhao Yi, many figures known for their contributions in other fields wrote memorable poetry, such as the philosopher Gu Yanwu. The fresh poetic voice of Yuan Mei has won wide appeal, as have the long narrative poems by Wu Jiaji.
Kunqu opera matured and led toward the later Chinese opera tradition of drama, poetry and music combined. The painter-poet tradition thrived with exemplars such as Yun Shouping. The challenge for researchers grew as even more people became poets and even more poems were preserved, including (with Yuan Mei's encouragement) more poetry by women. In 1980 fine shi poems by the famed Qing novelist Liu E were published for the first time, illustrating the potential to continue finding sunken treasure in the vast body of surviving Qing poetry.
Influence
Much of the modern popular versions of Classical Chinese poetry were transmitted through Qing Dynasty anthologies, such as the Quantangshi and the Three Hundred Tang Poems.
See also
Chinese literature
Kong Shangren
Shen Shanbao
Three perfections
Notes
References
Cai, Zong-qi, ed. (2008). How to Read Chinese Poetry: A Guided Anthology. New York: Columbia University Press.
Chaves, Jonathan, ed. (1986). The Columbia Book of Later Chinese Poetry: Yüan, Ming, and Ch'ing Dynasties (1279-1911). New York: Columbia University Press.
Davis, A. R. (Albert Richard), Editor and Introduction, The Penguin Book of Chinese Verse. (Baltimore: Penguin Books (1970).
Further reading
Owen, Stephen, "Qing Classical Poetry and Song Lyric," in Stephen Owen, ed. An Anthology of Chinese Literature: Beginnings to 1911. New York: W. W. Norton, 1997. p. 1128-1143 (Archive (Archive),p. 1144-1152 (Archive (Archive).
Poetry
Category:Chinese poetry by era
Category:17th-century poetry
Category:18th-century poetry
Category:19th-century poetry
Category:20th-century poetry | {
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Cheney Longville Castle
Cheney Longville Castle was in the village of Cheney Longville to the north of Craven Arms, Shropshire (). It is a much restored 14th century fortified manor house.
The house is quadrangular in shape, 30.48 x 36.58m, and has the remains of its moat to the south and east. The entrance is on the north side through a modern archway. The residential apartments form the north, and part east and west sides which were originally separated from the stable court in the south by a wall.
History
In 1394, Hugh Cheney was granted a licence to crenellate his manor house at "Longefeld". It was attacked and captured in the Civil War, suffering damage by cannon. The house was subsequently rebuilt. The manor was bought in 1682 by John Talbot who in turn sold it in 1745 to William Beddoes, whose descendants still own it.
References
Bibliography
External links
Cheney Longville Castle
"Cheney Longville Castle". Pastscape. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
"Cheney Longville Castle (picture)". Retrieved September 12, 2011.
Category:Castles in Shropshire | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Polygonum agreste
Polygonum agreste is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae, native to Uzbekistan. It was first described by Georgji Sumnevicz in 1940.
(Polygonum agreste Sumner is a different species, and is a synonym of Polygonum aviculare.)
References
agreste
Category:Flora of Uzbekistan
Category:Plants described in 1940 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Plains, North Lanarkshire
Plains is a village outside the town of Airdrie, in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, about 14 miles east of Glasgow city centre and 32 miles west of Edinburgh. The nearest major towns are Airdrie (2.5 miles) and Coatbridge (5 miles). The village is west of Caldercruix and the North Calder Water. The population is about 2,740.
Etymology
The origin of the name "Plains" is unknown. One suggestion is that the name derives (via the plural of Plain) from the view afforded to the Cistercian Monks of Newbattle Abbey as they travelled to what is now the site of the village. These monks farmed the wider area for grain in what became known as Monklands. But the geography of the area runs contrary to this idea. Alternatively, the name may be a contraction of "The Plains of Waterloo" - a name given by a returning soldier from the Napoleonic wars. Either way, it is not uncommon for locals to refer to the village as "The Plains".
Geography
Plains is situated on the gentle south facing slope of the valley of the North Calder Water, which is a tributary of the River Clyde. To the north of the settlement runs a series of unclassified roads known to older residents as The Backies. Opencast mining in the 1970s and 1980s took away much of the natural beauty within this network of roads which since has further been eroded with the advent of a landfill site.
The Main Street (the A89) runs in a straight line for about 1 mile east to west. Almost all of the residential housing of the village lies on the northern side of Main St., forming a roughly square shape (1 mile each side). To the south of Main St., the valley drops more steeply down to the North Calder, then steeply up the other side, which is home to the parkland Easter Moffat golf course.
Plains lies at around 500 ft above sea level. From the nearby Airdriehill Farm, there is a wide vista to the west across the urbanised lower Clyde valley. Beyond, on a clear day, it is possible to see Ben Lomond and the Isle of Arran.
To the south-east of Plains, the land rises to almost 1000 feet – the highest land in the narrow isthmus across central Scotland spanning the Scottish watershed. Consequently, the area was chosen as the location for Scotland's first television transmitting stations. The Black Hill Transmitter, at 1000 ft tall, is a very prominent local landmark. It began broadcasting independent Scottish Television services in August 1957. Nearby, but not so tall or prominent, is Kirk o'Shotts transmitter mast, which broadcast Scotland's first BBC television signals in March 1952. There is now a second transmitter (completed 2009) which will replace the older one, which itself will be relocated within the Scottish transmitting network.
History
The village was founded in the mid-19th century along what is now the A89 Airdrie to Bathgate road. The population of the village in 1860 is recorded at just over 200. Much of the original growth of the village was in keeping with the expansion of the coal mining industry in North Lanarkshire, most notably the Ardenrigg Coal Co Ltd. This coal mining activity dwindled in the second half of the 20th century. However, Scotland's largest opencast coal mine is currently in operation at Drumshangie Moss, a few miles north-west of Plains. There has been controversy regarding the impact of this mine on the site of the Stanrigg Mining Disaster where, in July 1918, a collapse led to the deaths of 19 local mine workers.
Late 20th century expansion of the village has been to the north of the A89 road in separate developments of local government or Council houses, consisting of blocks of terraced houses. Originally planned as affordable, rented accommodations for the predominantly working class population, a large percentage have become owner occupied in recent years. At the beginning of the 21st century, a new development of relatively large, detached houses was established in the north-east corner of the village.
There is no significant single employer within the village. During the last decades of the 20th century, the main employers were the Geest Company and Beechams.
Geest occupied a site in the middle of the village, south towards the railway, and was involved in the receipt and packaging of fruit for distribution throughout the country. The site is now a timber yard managed by a company called Rowan Timber.
The Beecham site was a warehouse and distribution facility employing a number of local drivers and located adjacent to Geest Bananas. The warehouse was recently demolished and the site is to be developed for additional housing.
Plains today
Today, Plains is a largely working class settlement with local people commuting for employment throughout urban central Scotland. There have been recent housing developments that have expanded the village. These tend to be more up-market dwellings, and are more modern than the council houses which predominate in the village. There has been a new swing park added to Plains and a post office was opened in 2016. A campaign to bring a railway station has not yet been successful. Plains has an active Community Council.
Organised religion
Christian worship takes place at the Elim Gospel Hall and at Plains Evangelical Church. What is now Plains Evangelical Church, a thriving non-denominational independent church, was begun by Mr Robert McCracken in 1900.
St David's Catholic church remains open for worship.
Education
There are two state schools: St David's Primary and Plains Primary. Both schools are accommodated in a shared campus built on the former football pitches on the west side of Bruce Street. These football pitches were the former site of pit bings which were only removed as the result of community pressure in the 1960s.
Points of interest
National Cycle Route 75, a Sustrans long distance cycle path, ran parallel and around 100 metres south of Main Street. This was constructed along the bed of a former North British Railway line which previously had linked Glasgow and Edinburgh. On 10 May 2007, the bill to allowing this line to be re-established as a commuter railway was passed by the Scottish Parliament. The line opened in December 2010. In addition to the re-opening of this 'missing link' between Glasgow and Edinburgh the existing line between Bathgate and Edinburgh was electrified.
As a result of the re-establishment of the railway line, the Sustrans cycle path now stops before reaching Plains on the west side and restarts at the east end of Plains Main Street.
In the mid to late 20th century, Plains Countryside Park was the site of the annual Plains Summer Gala - a day of parades, children's sports events and entertainment - a tradition typical of villages in the area including Harthill, Whitburn and Armadale. Although around nineteen years since the Plains Summer Gala was last held, a new committee formed and resurrected this tradition in 2012. The Gala included a lively procession around the village and games and stalls on the play parks in the middle of the village.
Further reading
Wilson, Rhona: "Old Airdrie Villages"
References
External links
Airdrie Museum
Category:Villages in North Lanarkshire
Category:Airdrie, North Lanarkshire | {
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Tri-City Dust Devils
The Tri-City Dust Devils are a minor league baseball team in the northwest United States, based in Pasco, Washington. The team's first season was in 2001, moving up the Columbia River from Portland, Oregon.
A member of the short-season Class A Northwest League, the Dust Devils are a farm team of the San Diego Padres. The Devils play their home games at Gesa Stadium, which opened in 1995 and has a seating capacity of 3,654. The games are carried on the radio on Newstalk 870 AM KFLD and on their website.
The club had a long affiliation with the Colorado Rockies, which ended after the 2014 season.
History
Bend (1979–1994)
The Dust Devils were founded in 1979 in Bend, Oregon, as the Central Oregon Phillies; they replaced the Bend Timber Hawks, an Oakland Athletics affiliate. After just one season in Bend in 1978, owner Doug Emmans relocated the Timber Hawks south to Medford and they became the Medford Athletics (or A's) in 1979.
Central Oregon won the league title in their first season in 1979, finishing with the best regular season record at 43–28 (), and winning the league championship series over Walla Walla, taking the deciding third game by a run at home in Bend.
The team was renamed three times while in Bend, first after an ownership change, it was simplified in 1981 to Bend Phillies for six additional seasons. Owner Jack Cain had contemplated changing the nickname to "Beavers" in December 1985, but didn't. Following the 1986 season, the Phillies decided to move its minor league teams closer to the East Coast; they had previously announced they were ending their Triple-A affiliation with Portland of the Pacific Coast League, moving to Maine in the International League. The Phillies had just one short season A affiliate in 1987, Utica in the New York–Penn League.
Without a parent club, Cain's Bend team was renamed the Bucks in a local contest in January 1987, and chose navy blue and red as its colors. It operated as a co-op team for three of its five seasons as the Bucks; in 1987, they received half of their players and manager Mel Roberts from the Phillies, and also included prospects from the Dodgers, Padres, Pirates, and Rangers. The California Angels moved their NWL affiliation from Salem to Bend in 1988 and the Bucks set attendance records. After the second season in 1989, the Angels left with a year remaining on their contract and went to Boise, an independent team in 1989 in a larger market with a new stadium. The Bucks became a co-op again in 1990, with players from several organizations, including the Athletics, Phillies, and Giants. Nine organizations were represented on the 1991 roster, managed by Bill Stein.
The team became the first affiliate of the expansion Colorado Rockies and was renamed the Bend Rockies for the 1992 season. Now clad in purple and black, manager Gene Glynn's Rockies opened the season at home on June 16 with a win with over Boise in front of more than 3,100 spectators at Vince Genna Stadium; the game was heavily covered by the Denver media and televised live by the regional sports network Prime Sports Northwest. The 1992 Rox won the southern division and tied with northern division champion Bellingham for the best record at 43–33 (), but were swept by them in two games in the championship series.
All the NWL teams in Bend, beginning with the Rainbows in 1970, played at Vince Genna Stadium, which opened in 1964 as Municipal Ballpark and was renamed in 1972.
Portland (1995–2000)
The team, still owned by Cain, relocated to Portland in 1995 and became the Portland Rockies, filling the void after the departure of the Portland Beavers of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League. Owner Joe Buzas moved the Beavers after the 1993 season to Salt Lake City, and they became the Salt Lake Buzz (later the Stingers, now the Bees). When the Beavers left, Portland was without a baseball team in 1994 for the first time since 1899.
The Portland Rockies logo mimicked the mountain theme of the Colorado Rockies logo, even though Portland is not located in the Rocky Mountains. A rose was added to the team's cap logo to signify city's nickname, the "Rose City."
The Rockies had success in Portland, including a league championship in 1997. Although few Class A teams play in cities as large as Portland, the Rockies were able to maintain local interest in baseball. The team served an important role for the city, whose demand for a major league team was growing. While based in Portland, the Rockies played at Civic Stadium through the 2000 season and produced future major leaguers such as Chone Figgins, Juan Pierre, Clint Barmes, Brad Hawpe, Jake Westbrook, and Garrett Atkins.
Tri-Cities (2001–present)
With the city's support for the Portland Rockies, Civic Stadium was renovated in 2000 to regain Triple-A baseball and was successful. The Albuquerque Dukes moved from New Mexico to Portland and became a new incarnation of the Triple-A Beavers for the 2001 PCL season. The NWL Rockies relocated up river in 2001 to Pasco, one of the Tri-Cities, and were renamed the Tri-City Dust Devils.
The Dust Devils' front office is headed up by president Brent Miles and vice president / general manager Derrel Ebert. Prior to Ebert taking over as VP/GM in September 2009, Monica Ortega held the position from 2008–2009 as the only female general manager in the Northwest League. The principal owner of the team is hall of famer George Brett, with Miles as a minority owner.
Since arriving in 2001, the team played has played its home games at Gesa Stadium, formerly known as Tri-City Stadium (1994–2004) and Dust Devils Stadium (2005–2007). It was renamed in 2008 in a ten-year naming deal with a local financial institution.
Before the Dust Devils
The Tri-Cities in southeastern Washington, which include Kennewick and Richland along with Pasco, have fielded a number of teams in the Northwest League and its predecessor, the Western International League. The Tri-City Braves were a member of the WIL from 1950 to 1955, when the team became a charter member of the new Northwest League. The Tri-Cities were continually represented through 1974 under various names (Braves 1955–60, 1962; Angels 1961, 1963–64; Atoms 1965–68; A's 1969; Padres 1970–72; Triplets 1973; Ports 1974).
In 1974, the Ports were an independent team and went 27–57 () and drew just 21,611 in home attendance for the season. The team was managed by owner Carl W. Thompson, Sr. before folding.
From 1950 through 1974, home games were held at Sanders-Jacobs Field in Kennewick, located at the northeast corner of Clearwater Avenue and Neel Street (). The field was aligned to the northeast and named for Harry Sanders, a Connell farmer, and Tom Jacobs, a former manager and the general manager of the Atoms at the time of his death at age 64 in 1968. The ballpark was demolished in the mid-1970s, shortly after the Ports folded.
The Tri-Cities were without baseball until 1983 when the Tri-Cities Triplets (an homage to the 1973 name) formed, though they only lasted until 1986. The Triplets had relocated from Walla Walla and were an affiliate of the Texas Rangers for the first two years, independent for the final two. They played their home games at Richland High School baseball field, adjacent to the Bomber Bowl football stadium. The team was bought by the Brett brothers in February 1986, then sold that autumn to Diamond Sports, a group headed by the general manager, Mal Fichman. The Triplets relocated to Southwestern Idaho for the 1987 season and became the Boise Hawks.
The Tri-Cities was also home to the Tri-City Posse of the independent Western Baseball League from 1995 to 2000. The Posse were founded in the WBL's first year in 1995, won the league title in 1999, but folded after the 2000 season.
Season records
Bend
The 1979 & 1980 teams were the Central Oregon Phillies
Bend Bucks was the team name from 1987 through 1991
Portland
Tri-Cities
Playoffs
2007: Lost to Salem-Keizer 2-1 in finals.
2009: Lost to Salem-Keizer 2-1 in finals.
2011: Defeated Boise 2-0 in semifinals; lost to Vancouver 2-1 in finals.
2015: Defeated Everett 2-0 in semifinals; lost to Hillsboro 2-1 in finals.
2019: Defeated Spokane 2-1 in semifinals; lost to Hillsboro 3-2 in finals.
Roster
Notable alumni
Andy Ashby (1986) 2 x MLB All-Star
Clint Barmes (2000)
Charlie Blackmon (2008, 2012) 3 x MLB All-Star; 2017 NL Batting Title
Shawn Chacon (1996) MLB All-Star
Aaron Cook (1998) MLB All-Star
Craig Counsell (1992)
Gary Disarcina (1988) MLB All-Star
Damion Easley (1989) MLB All-Star
Jim Edmonds (1988) 4 x MLB All-Star
Chone Figgins (1998) MLB All-Star
Jeff Francis (2002)
Julio Franco (1979) 3 x MLB All-Star; 1991 AL Batting Title
Jason Grimsley (1985)
Brad Hawpe (2000) MLB All-Star
Chris James (1982)
Jason Jennings (1999) 2002 NL Rookie of the Year
Mike Maddux (1982)
Quinton McCracken (1992)
Neifi Pérez (1993)
Juan Pierre (1998)
Tim Salmon (1989) 1993 AL Rookie of the Year
Juan Samuel (1980) 3 x MLB All-Star
Rick Schu (1981)
Trevor Story (2014) MLB All-Star
Pedro Strop (2004-2005)
Fernando Tatis, Jr. (2016)
John Thomson (2000)
Jake Westbrook (1996) MLB All-Star
Russell Wilson (2010) NFL Quarterback
Former players
See also
Portland Beavers
History of baseball in Portland, Oregon
Tri-City Atoms
References
External links
Statistics from Baseball-Reference
Category:Sports clubs established in 1979
Category:Sports in the Tri-Cities, Washington
Category:Professional baseball teams in Washington (state)
Category:California Angels minor league affiliates
Category:Colorado Rockies minor league affiliates
Category:Philadelphia Phillies minor league affiliates
Category:San Diego Padres minor league affiliates
Category:Pasco, Washington
Category:Defunct baseball teams in Oregon
Category:1979 establishments in Oregon
Category:Northwest League teams | {
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2006 New York Attorney General election
The New York Attorney General election, 2006 took place on November 7, 2006. Democrat Andrew Cuomo was elected to replace Eliot Spitzer (who became Governor) as the Attorney General of New York.
Candidates
Democratic Party
Andrew Cuomo, former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Mark Green, former New York City Public Advocate
Sean Patrick Maloney, former White House Staff Secretary
Charlie King, former Department of Housing and Urban Development official
Republican Party
Jeanine Pirro, Westchester County District Attorney
Green Party
Rachel Treichler, lawyer and previous Green Party candidate for the New York State Assembly and the U.S. House of Representatives
Libertarian Party
Christopher B. Garvey, patent and trademark attorney
Socialist Workers Party
Martin Koppel, political organizer and writer
Opinion polls
Democratic primary
General election
Election results
Primary
Democratic
Republican
General
References
See also
New York gubernatorial election, 2006
New York United States Senate election, 2006
New York Comptroller election, 2006
Category:2006 New York (state) elections
2006 | {
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Abdirashid Abdullahi Mohamed
Abdirashid Abdullahi Mohamed () is a Somali politician. He is the former governor of the Bay region of Somalia.
He was the former Minister of Defence of Somalia On 29 March 2017, the Prime Minister's cabinet nominations were approved by parliament.
References
Category:Ethnic Somali people
Category:Defence Ministers of Somalia
Category:Government ministers of Somalia
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Slavery in the 21st century
Contemporary slavery, also known as modern slavery or neo-slavery, refers to institutional slavery that continues to occur in present-day society. Estimates of the number of slaves today range from around 21 million to 46 million, depending on the method used to form the estimate and the definition of slavery being used. The estimated number of slaves is debated, as there is no universally agreed definition of modern slavery; those in slavery are often difficult to identify, and adequate statistics are often not available. The International Labour Organization estimates that, by their definitions, over 40 million people are in some form of slavery today. 24.9 million people are in forced labor, of whom 16 million people are exploited in the private sector such as domestic work, construction or agriculture; 4.8 million persons in forced sexual exploitation, and 4 million persons in forced labor imposed by state authorities. 15.4 million people are in forced marriage.
Definition
The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons agency of the United States Department of State says that modern slavery', 'trafficking in persons', and 'human trafficking' have been used as umbrella terms for the act of recruiting, harboring, transporting, providing or obtaining a person for compelled labor or commercial sex acts through the use of force, fraud, or coercion". Besides these, a number of different terms are used in the US federal Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 and the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, including "involuntary servitude", "slavery" or "practices similar to slavery", "debt bondage", and "forced labor".
According to American professor Kevin Bales, co-founder and former president of the non-governmental organization and advocacy group Free the Slaves, modern slavery occurs "when a person is under the control of another person who applies violence and force to maintain that control, and the goal of that control is exploitation". The impact of slavery is expanded when targeted at vulnerable groups such as children. According to this definition, research from the Walk Free Foundation based on its Global Slavery Index 2016 estimated that there were about 40.3 million slaves around the world in 2016. In another estimate that suggests the number is around 45.8 million, it is estimated that around 10 million of these contemporary slaves are children. Bales warned that, because slavery is officially abolished everywhere, the practice is illegal, and thus more hidden from the public and authorities. This makes it impossible to obtain exact figures from primary sources. The best that can be done is estimate based on secondary sources, such as UN investigations, newspaper articles, government reports, and figures from NGOs. Modern slavery persists for many of the same reasons older variations did: it is an economically beneficial practice despite the ethical concerns. The problem has been able to escalate in recent years due to the disposability of slaves and the fact that the cost of slaves has dropped significantly.
Causes
Since slavery has been officially abolished, enslavement no longer revolves around legal ownership, but around illegal control. Two fundamental changes are the move away from the straightforward purchase of slave labour, and the existence of slaves as an employment category. While the statistics suggest that the 'market' for exploitative labour is booming, the notion that humans are purposefully sold and bought from an existing pool is outdated. While such basic transactions do still occur, in contemporary cases people become trapped in slavery-like conditions in various ways.
Modern slavery is often seen as a by-product of poverty. Countries that lack education, economic freedom, the rule of law, and have poor societal structure can create an environment that fosters the acceptance and propagation of slavery. Slavery is most prevalent in impoverished countries and those with vulnerable minority communities, though it also exists in developed countries. Tens of thousands toil in slave-like conditions in industries such as mining, farming, and factories, producing goods for domestic consumption or export to more prosperous nations.
In the older form of slavery, slave-owners spent more on getting slaves. It was harder for them to be disposed of. The cost of keeping them healthy was considered a better investment than getting another slave to replace them. In modern slavery people are easier to get at a lower price so replacing them when exploiters run into problems becomes easier. Slaves are then used in areas where they could easily be hidden while also creating a profit for the exploiter. Slaves are more attractive for unpleasant work, and less for pleasant work.
Modern slavery can be quite profitable and corrupt governments tacitly allow it, despite it being outlawed by international treaties such as Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery and local laws. Total annual revenues of traffickers were estimated in 2014 to over $150 billion dollars, though profits are substantially lower. American slaves in 1809 were sold for around the equivalent of US$40,000 in today's money. Today, a slave can be bought for $90.
Kevin Bales once said in a TED Talk, “This is an economic crime,” “People do not enslave people to be mean to them; they do it to make a profit.”
Types
Slavery by descent and chattel slavery
Slavery by descent, also called chattel slavery, is the form most often associated with the word "slavery". In chattel slavery, the enslaved person is considered the personal property (chattel) of someone else, and can usually be bought and sold. It stems historically either from conquest, where a conquered person is enslaved, as in the Roman Empire or Ottoman Empire, or from slave raiding, as in the Atlantic slave trade or Arab slave trade. In the 21st Century, almost every country has legally abolished chattel slavery, but the number of people currently enslaved around the world is far greater than the number of slaves during the historical Atlantic slave trade.
Since the 2014 Civil War in Libya, and the subsequent breakdown of law and order, there have been reports of enslaved migrants being sold in public, open slave markets in the country.
Mauritania has a long history with slavery. Chattel slavery was formally made illegal in the country but the laws against it have gone largely unenforced. It is estimated that around 90,000 people (over 2% of Mauritania's population) are slaves. In addition, forced marriage and child prostitution are not criminalised.
Debt bondage can also be passed down to descendants, like chattel slavery.
Those trapped in the system of sexual slavery in the modern world are often effectively chattel, especially when they are forced into prostitution.
Government-forced labor and conscription
Government-forced labor, also known as state-sponsored labor, is defined by the International Labor Organization as events "which persons are coerced to work through the use of violence or intimidation, or by more subtle means such as accumulated debt, retention of identity papers or threats of denunciation to immigration authorities." When the threats come from the government the threats can be much different. Many governments that participate in forced labor shut down their connections with the surrounding countries to prevent citizens from leaving.
In North Korea, the government forces many people to work for the state, both inside and outside North Korea itself, sometimes for many years. The 2018 Global Slavery Index estimated that 2.8 million people were slaves in the country. The value of all the labor done by North Koreans for the government is estimated at US$975 million, with dulgyeokdae (youth workers) forced to do dangerous construction work, and inminban (women and girl workers) forced to making clothing in sweatshops. The workers are often unpaid. Additionally, North Korea's army of 1.2 million soldiers is often made to work on construction projects unrelated to defense. The government has had as many as 100,000 workers abroad.
In Eritrea, an estimated 300,000 to 400,000 people are in an indefinite military service program which amounts to mass slavery, according to UN investigators. Their report also found sexual slavery and other forced labor.
The U.S. Customs and Border Protection blocked the importation of black diamonds from Zimbabwe in October 2019, according to a report by Bloomberg News. Zimbabwe, in turn, accused the U.S. government of lying about forced labor at a state-owned diamond mine.
About 35–40 countries are currently enforcing military conscription of some sort, even if it is only temporary service.
It is imperative to note that government-forced labor comes in different forms as governments have also been known to participate in forced labor practices that do not include military service. In Uzbekistan, for example, the government coerces students and state workers to harvest cotton, of which the country is a main exporter, every year; forcefully abandoning their other responsibilities in the process. Of course this isn't the only type of slavery found in this example as the use of students, including those in primary, secondary, and higher education, means that child labor is also prominent.
Prison labor
In China's system of labor prisons (formerly called laogai), millions of prisoners have been subject to forced, unpaid labor. The laogai system is estimated to currently house between 500,000 and 2 million prisoners, and to have caused tens of millions of deaths. In parallel with laogai, China operated the smaller Re-education through labor system of prisons up until 2013. In addition to both of these, China is also operating forced labor camps in Xinjiang, imprisoning hundreds of thousands (possibly as many as a million) of Muslims, Uyghurs and other ethnic minorities and political dissidents.
In 1865, the United States passed the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which banned slavery and involuntary servitude "except as punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted", providing a legal basis for slavery to continue in the country. As of 2018, many prisoners in the US perform work. In Texas, Georgia, Alabama and Arkansas, prisoners are not paid at all for their work. In other states, as of 2011, prisoners were paid between $0.23 and $1.15 per hour. Federal Prison Industries paid inmates an average of $0.90 per hour in 2017. In many cases the penal work is forced, with prisoners being punished by solitary confinement if they refuse to work. From 2010 to 2015 and again in 2016 and in 2018, some prisoners in the US refused to work, protesting for better pay, better conditions, and for the end of forced labor. Strike leaders are currently punished with indefinite solitary confinement. Forced prison labor occurs in both public/government-run prisons and private prisons. The prison labor industry makes over $1 billion USD per year selling products that inmates make, while inmates are paid very little or nothing in return. In California, 2,500 incarcerated workers are fighting wildfires for only $1 per hour, which saves the state as much as $100 million a year.
In North Korea, tens of thousands of prisoners may be held in forced labor camps. Prisoners suffer harsh conditions and have been forced to dig their own graves and to throw rocks at the dead body of another prisoner. At Yodok Concentration Camp, children and political prisoners were subject to forced labor. Yodok closed in 2014 and its prisoners were transferred to other prisons.
Bonded labor
Bonded labor, also known as Debt bondage and peonage, occurs when people give themselves into slavery as a security against a loan or when they inherit a debt from a relative. The cycle begins when people take extreme loans under the condition that they work off the debt. The "loan" is designed so that it can never be paid off, and is often passed down for generations. People become trapped in this system working ostensibly towards repayment though they are often forced to work far past the original amount they owe. They work under the force of threats and abuse. Sometimes the debts last a few years, and sometimes the debts are even passed onto future generations.
Bonded labor is used across a variety of industries in order to produce products for consumption around the world. It’s most common in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal.
In India, the majority of bonded laborers are Dalits (Untouchables) and Adivasis (indigenous tribespeople). Puspal, a former brick kiln worker in Punjab, India stated in an interview to antislavery.org; "We do not stop even if we are ill - what if our debt is increasing? So we don't dare to stop." In India, when compared to the price of land, paid labor or oxen, the price of slaves costs 95% less than in the past. While a strong law was enacted, The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, convictions are almost impossible and the fines are often less than $2.
Forced migrant labor
People may be enticed to migrate with the promise of work, only to have their documents seized and be forced to work under the threat of violence to them or their families. Undocumented immigrants may also be taken advantage of; as without legal residency, they often have no legal recourse. Along with sex slavery, this is the form of slavery most often encountered in wealthy countries such as the United States, in Western Europe, and in the Middle East.
In the United Arab Emirates, some foreign workers are exploited and more or less enslaved. The majority of the UAE resident population are foreign migrant workers rather than local Emirati citizens. The country has a kafala system which ties migrant workers to local Emirati sponsors with very little government oversight. This has often led to forced labor and human trafficking. In 2017, the UAE passed a law to protect the rights of domestic workers.
Vietnamese teenagers are trafficked to the United Kingdom and forced to work in illegal cannabis farms. When police raid the cannabis farms, trafficked victims are typically sent to prison.
In the United States, various industries have been known to take advantage of forced migrant labor. During the 2010 New York State Fair, 19 migrants who were in the country legally from Mexico to work in a food truck were essentially enslaved by their employer. The men were paid around ten percent of what they were promised, worked far longer days than they were contracted to, and would be deported if they had quit their job as this would be a violation of their visas.
Sex slavery
Along with migrant slavery, forced prostitution is the form of slavery most often encountered in wealthy regions such as the United States, in Western Europe, and in the Middle East. It is the primary form of slavery in Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia, particularly in Moldova and Laos. Many child sex slaves are trafficked from these areas to the West and the Middle East. An estimated 20% of slaves to date are active in the sex industry. Sexual exploitation can also become a form of debt bondage when enslavers insist that victims work in the sex industry to pay for basic needs and transportation.
In 2005, the Gulf Times reported that boys from Nepal had been lured to India and enslaved for sex. Many of these boys had also been subject to male genital mutilation (castration).
Many of those who become victims of sex slavery initially do so willingly under the guise that they will be performing traditional sex work, only to become trapped for extended periods of time, such as those involved in Nigeria's human trafficking circuit.
Forced marriage and child marriage
Mainly driven by the culture in certain regions, early or forced marriage is a form of slavery that affects millions of women and girls all over the world. When families cannot support their children, the daughters are often married off to the males of wealthier, more powerful families. These men are often significantly older than the girls. The females are forced into lives whose main purpose is to serve their husbands. This often fosters an environment for physical, verbal and sexual abuse.
Forced marriages also happen in developed nations. In the United Kingdom there were 3,546 reports to the police of forced marriage over three years from 2014 to 2016. Reported cases are the tip of an iceberg.
In the United States over 200,000 minors were legally married from 2002 to 2017, with the youngest being only 10 years old. Most were married to adults. Currently 48 US states, as well as D.C. and Puerto Rico, allow marriage of minors as long as there is judicial consent, parental consent or if the minor is pregnant. In 2017–2018, several states began passing laws to either restrict child marriage or ban it altogether.
Bride-buying is the act of purchasing a bride as property, in a similar manner to chattel slavery. It can also be related to human trafficking.
Child labor
Children comprise about 26% of the slaves today. Although children can legally engage in certain forms of work, children can also be found in slavery or slavery-like situations. Forced Begging is a common way that children are forced to participate in labor without their consent. Most are domestic workers or work in cocoa, cotton or fishing industries. Many are trafficked and sexually exploited. In war-torn countries, children have been kidnapped and sold to political parties to use as child soldiers. Forced child labor is the dominant form of slavery in Haiti.
Child Soldiers are children who may be trafficked from their homes and forced or coerced by armed forces. The armed forces could be government armed forces, paramilitary organizations, or rebel groups. While in these groups the children may be forced to work as cooks, guards, servants or spies. It is common for both boys and girls to be sexually abused while in these groups.
Fishing industry
According to Human Rights Watch, Thailand's billion-dollar fish send out industry remains plagued with human rights maltreatment in spite of government vows to stamp out servitude in its angling industry. Human Rights Watch conducted interviews with 248 fishermen, it documented the forced labor of trafficked workers in the Thai fishing industry. Trafficking victims are often tricked by brokers' false promises of "good" factory jobs, then forced onto fishing boats where they are trapped, bought and sold like livestock, and held against their will for months or years at a time, forced to work grueling 22-hour days in dangerous conditions. Those who resist or try to run away are beaten, tortured, and often killed. This is commonplace because of the disposability of unfree laborers.
Despite some improvements, the situation hasn't changed much since a large-scale survey of almost 500 fishers in 2012, that found almost one in five 'reported working against their will with the penalty that would prevent them from leaving'.
Occupations
In addition to sex slavery, modern slaves are often forced to work in certain occupations. Common occupations include:
Small-scale building work, such as laying driveways, and other labor.
Car washing by hand
Domestic servitude, sometimes with sexual exploitation.
Nail salons (cosmetic). Many people are trafficked from Vietnam to the UK for this work.
Fishing, mainly associated with Thailand's sea food industry.
Manufacturing – Many prisoners in the US are forced to manufacture products as diverse as mattresses, spectacles, underwear, road signs and body armour.
Agriculture and forestry – Prisoners in the United States and China are often forced to do farming and forestry work. See prison farm.
In North Korea, dulgyeokdae (youth workers) are often forced to work in construction and inminban (women workers) are forced to work in clothing sweatshops.
Signs that someone may have been forced into slavery include a lack of identity documents, lack of personal possessions, clothing that is unsuitable or has seen much wear, poor living conditions, a reluctance to make eye contact, unwillingness to talk, and unwillingness to seek help. In the UK people are encouraged to report suspicions to a modern slavery telephone helpline.
Trafficking
The United Nations have defined human trafficking as follows:The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs.
According to United States Department of State data, an "estimated 600,000 to 820,000 men, women, and children [are] trafficked across international borders each year, approximately 70 percent are women and girls and up to 50 percent are minors. The data also illustrates that the majority of transnational victims are trafficked into commercial sexual exploitation." However, "the alarming enslavement of people for purposes of labor exploitation, often in their own countries, is a form of human trafficking that can be hard to track from afar". It is estimated that 50,000 people are trafficked every year in the United States.
In recent years, the internet and popular social networking sites have become tools which traffickers use to find vulnerable people who they can then exploit. A 2017 Reuters report discusses how a woman is suing Facebook for negligence as she speculated that executives were aware of a situation that occurred back in 2012 where was sexually abused and trafficked by someone posing as her "friend". Social media and smartphone apps are also used to sell the slaves.
In 2016, a Washington Post article exposed that the Obama administration placed migrant children with human traffickers. They failed to do proper background checks of adults who claimed the children, allowed sponsors to take custody of multiple unrelated children, and regularly placed children in homes without visiting the locations. Several Guatemalan teens were found being held captive by traffickers and forced to work at a local egg farm in Ohio.
Organizational efforts against slavery
In the last two decades, as slavery has become more widely recognized as a formidable global epidemic, multiple governmental organizations have begun taking action to address the problem. The State Department's annual Trafficking In Persons Report assigns grades to every nation in a tier-system based "not on the size of the country’s problem but on the extent of governments’ efforts to meet the TVPA’s minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking."
The governments credited with the strongest response to modern slavery are the Netherlands, the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Australia, Portugal, Croatia, Spain, Belgium, Germany and Norway.
In the United Kingdom, the government has instituted major reforms in the legal system through the Criminal Finance Act effective from September 30, 2017. Under the act, there will be transparency in regards to interbank information sharing with law enforcement agencies to help to crack down on money laundering agencies related to contemporary slavery. The Act also aims at reducing the incidence of tax evasion attributed to the lucrative slave trade conducted under the domain of the law. Despite this the UK government has been refusing asylum and deporting children trafficked to the UK as slaves. This puts the children at risk of being subject to control by slavery gangs a second time. It also deters child victims from coming forward with information.
In contrast, the governments accused of taking the least action against it are North Korea, Iran, Eritrea, Equatorial Guinea, Hong Kong, Central African Republic, Papua New Guinea, Guinea, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan.
While countries can be scrutinized for not taking ample action to combat slavery within their borders, there is little that can be done as there are few diplomatic options for low-risk nations to consider.
Statistics
Modern slavery is a multibillion-dollar industry with estimates of up to $150 billion each year. International Justice Mission estimated that roughly 40.3 million individuals are currently caught in the slave trade industry. International Justice Mission also reports that 1 in 4 victims of modern slavery is a child. The Global Slavery Index reports in 2018, there were 403,000 people living in condition of modern slavery in the United States. India is first with 8 million, then China (3.6 million), Russia (794,000), Brazil (369,000), Germany (167,000), Italy (145,000), United Kingdom (136,000), France (129,000), Japan (37,000), Canada (17,000) and Australia (15,000). Despite being illegal in most nations, slavery is still present in several forms today.
Large commercial organizations are now required to publish a slavery and human trafficking statement in regard to their supply chains for each financial year. The Walk Free Foundation reported in 2018 that slavery in advanced democratic nations is much more common than previously known, in particular the United States and Great Britain, which have 403,000 and 136,000 slaves respectively. Andrew Forrest, founder of the organization, said that "The United States is one of the most advanced countries in the world yet has more than 400,000 modern slaves working under forced labor conditions."
See also
Child slavery
Modern Slavery Act 2015 (UK)
Slavery in the post-Gaddafi era
Wage slavery
References
External links
UN Human Rights Council Special Rapporteur on Contemporary forms of slavery - Ohvhr.org
The CNN Freedom Project: Ending Modern-Day Slavery, CNN
Report on trafficking in human beings in Europe European Commission
Historians Against Slavery
Category:21st century in politics
Category:Human trafficking | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Hannibal Locks and Dam
The Hannibal Locks and Dam are a United States Army Corps of Engineers concrete locks and lift gate dam, located at river mile marker 126.4 on the Ohio River at Hannibal, Ohio, and New Martinsville, West Virginia. The locks and dam were built to replace the wicket-type locks and dams Number 12, 13 and 14. Construction on the locks were started in 1967 and completed in 1972. Construction on the dams were started in 1970 and completed in 1975.
A 37.4 MW hydroelectric power plant is located on the left descending bank of the Ohio River at New Martinsville, West Virginia, abutted to the dam. The power plant is owned and operated by the City of New Martinsville.
An observation tower, along with public-use areas, picnic shelters and restroom facilities are available to groups and individuals during daylight hours, seven days a week.
See also
List of locks and dams of the Ohio River
List of crossings of the Ohio River
References
Category:Dams completed in 1975
Category:Dams in Ohio
Category:Dams on the Ohio River
Category:Buildings and structures in Monroe County, Ohio
Category:Buildings and structures in Wetzel County, West Virginia
Category:Transportation in Wetzel County, West Virginia
Category:Tourist attractions in Wetzel County, West Virginia
Category:Transportation in Monroe County, Ohio
Category:Tourist attractions in Monroe County, Ohio
Category:United States Army Corps of Engineers dams
Category:Locks of West Virginia
Category:Locks of Ohio
Category:1975 establishments in Ohio
Category:1975 establishments in West Virginia | {
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Elk Valley
Elk Valley may refer to:
Elk Valley (British Columbia)
Elk Valley (Missouri)
Elk Valley (California-Oregon)
Elk Valley (West Virginia) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Patricia Anthony
Patricia Marie Anthony (March 29, 1947 – July 2, 2013) was an American science fiction and slipstream author. Anthony published her first science fiction novel in 1992 with Cold Allies, about the arrival of extraterrestrials in the midst of a 21st-century Third World War. This was followed by Brother Termite, Conscience of the Beagle, The Happy Policeman, Cradle of Splendor, and God's Fires, each of which combined science fiction plots with other genres in unconventional ways. Several of her short-fiction works were republished in the 1998 collection Eating Memories.
Anthony's best-known and most critically acclaimed work is probably 1993's Brother Termite, a tale of political intrigue told from the perspective of the leader of extraterrestrials who have occupied the United States. James Cameron acquired the movie rights to Brother Termite and John Sayles wrote a script, but the movie has not been produced.
Following her initial success, Anthony taught creative writing at Southern Methodist University for three years, and as her career progressed she moved farther away from the traditional boundaries of the science fiction genre. Her 1998 novel Flanders—the highly metaphysical story of an American sharpshooter in the British Army during World War I -- represented a clean break with her science fiction past and her final outing with Ace Books. It was a critical, if not commercial, success.
After the publication of Flanders, Anthony ceased writing science fiction to work as a screenwriter, though none of her scripts have been green-lighted. Anthony completed a new novel in 2006, but it remains unpublished.
Anthony lived in Brazil during the 1970s and later drew upon that experience for Cradle of Splendor.
Bibliography
Cold Allies (1992)
Brother Termite (1993)
Conscience of the Beagle (1993)
Happy Policeman (1994)
Cradle of Splendor (1996)
God's Fires (1997)
Flanders (1998)
Eating Memories (1998)
References
External links
An interview with Patricia Anthony
Category:1947 births
Category:2013 deaths
Category:20th-century American novelists
Category:American science fiction writers
Category:American women short story writers
Category:American women novelists
Category:Women science fiction and fantasy writers
Category:Writers from San Antonio
Category:20th-century American women writers
Category:20th-century American short story writers
Category:Novelists from Texas | {
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Pingdong
Pingdong may refer to:
Pingtung County (屏東縣), or Pingdong from its pinyin name, Taiwan, Republic of China
Pingtung City (屏東市), the seat of Pingtung County
Pingdong, Haifeng County (平东镇), town in Guangdong, People's Republic of China (PRC)
Pingdong, Nantong (平东镇), town in Tongzhou District, Nantong, Jiangsu, PRC
See also
Pingtung (disambiguation) | {
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Tom Swift and His Undersea Search
Tom Swift and His Undersea Search, Or, The Treasure on the Floor of the Atlantic, is Volume 23 in the original Tom Swift novel series published by Grosset & Dunlap.
Plot summary
A Mr. Dixwell Hardley approaches Tom with a proposition to help recover sunken treasure. Mr. Hardley was on board a ship which was carrying gold to help finance an illegal revolution. When the ship sank, Mr. Hardley overheard the captain recording the coordinates. Now he wants Tom's help to recover the gold, under the guise of both financing the expedition as well as rewarding Tom with a portion of the recovered treasure.
Unfortunately for Tom, after agreeing to the expedition, he learns that Mr. Hardley is a con-artist, who recently scammed someone out of the oil well rights. Making matters worse, the victim is Barton Keith, a relative of Mary Nestor. Rather than cancel the expedition, Tom decides to carry on in the hopes of restoring Mr. Keith's claims to the oil wells.
Inventions & Innovation
Invention is almost irrelevant to this story. Tom retrofits his submarine, which he built in Volume #4, Tom Swift and His Submarine Boat. The redesign makes use of electric- and gasoline-powered engines. The hull is doubly strengthened, as the sunken ship is at a greater depth. An exterior version of the great searchlight is affixed to the newly remodeled submarine; and finally, newly strengthened diving suits and a special type of diving bell have been built for the expedition.
In popular culture
In the episode entitled "Home" of the HBO TV series Boardwalk Empire, the character Jimmy Darmody is given a copy of Tom Swift and His Undersea Search by a fellow veteran Richard Harrow.
Tom Swift and His Undersea Search e-text at Project Gutenberg
Category:1920 American novels
Category:Tom Swift
Category:American young adult novels | {
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Major Holland
Major Holland (29 October 1887 – 24 August 1953) was an English rugby league footballer of the early 20th century. Born in Halifax, West Riding of Yorkshire, England, Holland played at for Huddersfield between 1909 and 1921 and, subsequently, for Bramley.
Career
Holland was signed by Huddersfield in 1908 after a trial match and made his debut against Bramley in January 1909.
In the 1913–14 season Holland was the leading points scorer as he scored 268 points. He set a Huddersfield club record of 39 points (18 goals, 1 try) in the Challenge Cup match against amateur side Swinton Park by a then record score of 119–2.
The following season Holland was a member of Huddersfield's Team of all talents that won all four trophies available to them; the Championship, the Yorkshire Cup, the Yorkshire County League and the Challenge Cup. The final of the Challenge Cup being won 37–3 against St. Helens at Watersheddings, Oldham on 1 May 1915.
When the league resumed after the First World War Holland won another Challenge Cup winner's medal as Huddersfield beat Wigan 21–10 at Headingley, Leeds.
In September 1921 Holland left Huddersfield and joined Bramley, however only 18 months later he was placed on the transfer list by Bramley and joined new formed club, Sheffield Hornets, in the Yorkshire Senior League ending a 15-year association with the professional game.
Personal life
Away from rugby Holland was a publican for many years and was the licensee of the Crescent Hotel, Huddersfield at the time of his death in August 1953, having previously run the Calder and Hebble Hotel in Salterhebble.
References
Category:1887 births
Category:1953 deaths
Category:Rugby league fullbacks
Category:Huddersfield Giants players
Category:Bramley RLFC players
Category:People from Halifax, West Yorkshire | {
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Bohdan Skaradziński
Bohdan Skaradziński (pen names Jan Brzoza, Kazimierz Podlaski; 5 January 1931 – 4 May 2014) was a Polish writer and social activist.
Born in Osowiec, between 1952 and 1956 he was repressed by the Stalinist government of People's Republic of Poland.
For many years, he was the editor of the monthly "Więź". After 1989 he edited a section of "Tygodnik Białostocki", entitled "Sprawy Pobratymcze" (Among brothers). His works focused on the twentieth century history of Poland in particular, the relations between Poles and their eastern neighbors.
He was awarded the Solidarity award for the book "Belarusians, Lithuanians and Ukrainians" (1985) and the Jerzy Łojek Award for the book "Polish Year 1919" (1989).
He was awarded the Solidarity award for the book "Belarusians, Lithuanians and Ukrainians" (1985) and the Jerzy Łojek Award for the book "Polish Year 1919" (1989).
With his wife he had a son and a daughter.
He lived and died in Podkowa Leśna.
References
Category:Polish male writers
Category:1931 births
Category:2014 deaths | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary
United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary (UAPSA) is the student organization of the United Architects of the Philippines that is composed of 94 member schools and has more than 16,000 members.
History
UAPSA was established in 1989 as an arm and junior partner of United Architects of the Philippines. Jesus M. Reyes, then Vice Dean of the Central Colleges of the Philippines (CCP) College of Architecture and the 1989 President of UAP-Silangan Chapter, organized the first official UAPSA with 24 architecture students of CCP. Other schools that offers an architecture degree followed suit. Since then, UAPSA has been a duly-recognized student organization with 94 member schools and 16,000 members nationwide.
Member schools
Cagayan de Oro College
Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges
Capiz State University
Cavite State University
Central Luzon State University
Columban College
De La Salle University - Dasmariñas
De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde
Divine Word College of Calapan
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University
Eastern Visayas State University
Holy Angel University
Isabela State University
La Consolacion College-Bacolod
Lyceum-Northwestern University
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
Mindanao University of Science and Technology
National College of Science and Technology(Dasmariñas, Cavite)
National University (Philippines)
Negros Oriental State University
Notre Dame of Dadiangas University
Northwestern University
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Occidental Mindoro State College
Palawan State University
Pangasinan State University Urdaneta
Saint Joseph Institute of Technology
Saint Louis University
Saint Mary's University
Samar State University
Sorsogon State College
Silliman University
Tarlac State University
University of Antique
University of Baguio
University of La Salette
University of Luzon
University of Mindanao
University of Northeastern Philippines
University of Northern Philippines
University of Nueva Caceres
University of Pangasinan
University of Perpetual Help System DALTA-Calamba
University of Perpetual Help System
University of Saint Anthony
University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao
University of San Agustin
University of San Carlos
University of the Assumption
University of the Cordilleras
University of the Philippines Mindanao
Western Mindanao State University
Western Visayas College of Science and Technology
External links
United Architects of the Philippines – Official website
Category:Architecture-related professional associations
Category:Student organizations in the Philippines
Category:Student organizations established in 1989 | {
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7152 Euneus
7152 Euneus, provisional designation , is a Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately in diameter. It was discovered during the second Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey in 1973, and later named after Euneus from Greek mythology. The dark Jovian asteroid has a rotation period of 9.7 hours and is likely spherical in shape.
Discovery
Euneus was discovered on 19 September 1973, by Dutch astronomers Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, on photographic plates taken by Tom Gehrels at the Palomar Observatory in California. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation.
Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey
While the discovery date aligns with the second Palomar–Leiden Trojan survey, Euneus has not received a prefixed survey designation, which was assigned to the discoveries made by the fruitful collaboration between the Palomar and Leiden observatories in the 1960s and 1970s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand asteroids.
Naming
This minor planet was named after Euneus, son of Jason and Hypsipyle. He was the king of Lemnos and reprovisioned the Greek fleet with wine during the Trojan War. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 18 August 1997 ().
Orbit and classification
Euneus is a dark Jupiter trojan in a 1:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter. It is located in the leading Greek camp at the Gas Giant's Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of its orbit . It is also a non-family asteroid in the Jovian background population. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.8–5.5 AU once every 11 years and 9 months (4,276 days; semi-major axis of 5.16 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.
Physical characteristics
Euneus is an assumed, carbonaceous C-type asteroid. Most Jupiter trojans are D-types, with the reminder being mostly C and P-type asteroids. It has a typical V–I color index of 0.91 and a BR color of 1.24 (also see table below).
Rotation period
In January 2013, Robert Stephens at the Center for Solar System Studies attempted to obtain a rotational lightcurve of Euneus from photometric observations. However, during three consecutive nights of observations, no rotation period could be determined as the lightcurve's brightness did not vary by more than 0.01 magnitude ().
In April 2015, follow-up observations by Stephens gave a period of hours, still with a low brightness amplitude of 0.09 magnitude, indicating that the body is likely of spherical shape (). Stephens also reanalyzed his data from 2013 using the newly obtained period which still resulted in an essentially flat lightcurve. He concluded that the body was possibly observed near pole-on during the 2013-opposition.
Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Euneus measures 39.77 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.093, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a carbonaceous asteroid of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 48.48 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.3.
Notes
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000) – Minor Planet Center
Asteroid 7152 Euneus at the Small Bodies Data Ferret
007152
Category:Discoveries by Cornelis Johannes van Houten
Category:Discoveries by Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld
Category:Discoveries by Tom Gehrels
Category:Minor planets named from Greek mythology
Category:Named minor planets
19730919 | {
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Palaeomolgophis
Palaeomolgophis is an extinct genus of eel-like prehistoric amphibian containing a single species—Palaeomolgophis scoticus. Their limbs are much reduced, and they were probably were fully aquatic.
References
External links
2D, stereoscopic, and 3D imagery of the type specimen of Palaeomolgophis scoticus
See also
Prehistoric amphibian
List of prehistoric amphibians
Category:Adelospondyls
Category:Fossil taxa described in 1967
Category:Carboniferous amphibians of Europe | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Bas Pease
Rendel Sebastian "Bas" Pease FRS (2 November 1922 – 17 October 2004) was a British physicist.
Pease's father was the geneticist Michael Pease, son of Edward Reynolds Pease. His mother was Helen Bowen Wedgwood, daughter of Josiah Wedgwood IV. He was the great-great-great-great-grandson of the potter Josiah Wedgwood. Bas Pease was educated at Bedales School.
During World War II he joined RAF Bomber Command's Operational Research section, where he was the expert in charge of the use of a precision navigation system called G-H. Field-based, he advised on operational techniques to use the equipment most effectively. Notably, he helped No. 218 Squadron RAF in Operation Glimmer, a diversionary "attack" on D-Day that distracted and pinned-down German defences while the real attack occurring 200 miles to the west. His G-H-equipped bombers flew low, in tight circles, dropping window over radar transponder-equipped small ships, in order to deceive the German radars that they were the main invasion fleet.
After the war he was director of the Culham Laboratory for Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion (1968–1981) and head of the British chapter of Pugwash (1988–2002).
References
Category:British physicists
Category:Fellows of the Royal Society
Category:1922 births
Category:2004 deaths
Category:People educated at Bedales School
Category:Presidents of the Institute of Physics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Michałów Drugi
Michałów Drugi is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opatówek, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Opatówek, east of Kalisz, and south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
The village has a population of 240.
References
Category:Villages in Kalisz County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Brina Božič
Brina Bozic (born 22 May 1992) is a female Slovenian recurve archer.
She competed in the individual recurve event at the 2015 World Archery Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark.
References
External links
http://www.theinfinitecurve.com/archery/brina-bozic/
http://www.fieldarcher.org/index.php?full=1&set_albumName=WC2014_Mugshots&id=Brina_Bozic&option=com_gallery&Itemid=12&include=view_photo.php
http://worldgames2013.sportresult.com/nh/en/240/Participant/ParticipantInfo/172579d0-6988-469e-827f-38008c512390
http://www.archery-si.org/top-2010-2013/1-grand-prix-srebrna-medalja-ul-mesana-ekipa-brina-bozic-in-jaka-komocar
Category:Slovenian female archers
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:1992 births
Category:Archers at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Liège-Guillemins railway station
Liège-Guillemins railway station is the main station of the city of Liège, the third largest city in Belgium. It is one of the most important hubs in the country and is one of the 3 Belgian stations on the high-speed rail network. The station is used by 15,000 people every day which makes it the eleventh busiest station in Belgium and the third in Wallonia.
History
In 1838, only three years after the first continental railway, a line linking Brussels and Ans, in the northern suburbs of Liège, was opened. The first railway station of Liège-Guillemins was inaugurated in May 1842, linking the valley to the upper Ans station.
In 1843, the first international railway connection was born, linking Liège to Aachen and Cologne.
The station was modernised and improved in 1882 and in 1905 for the World Fair in Liège.
This Beaux-Arts station was replaced in 1958 by a modern International style building that was used until June 2009, a few months before the opening of the new Calatrava-designed station. The second station was completely demolished to allow the completion of the remaining sections of the new station.
New station
At the end of the 20th century high speed trains were introduced, requiring a new station since the existing platforms were too small. The new station, by the architect Santiago Calatrava, was officially opened on 18 September 2009, with a show by Franco Dragone. It has 9 tracks and 5 platforms (three of 450 m and two of 350 m). All the tracks around the station have been modernised to allow high speed arrival and departure.
The new station is made of steel, glass and white concrete. It includes a monumental arch, 160 metres long and 32 metres high.
The building costs were €312 million.
Services
Liège-Guillemins station is served by InterCity and InterRegio trains, connecting Liège with all major Belgian cities as well as several international destinations such as Aachen, Lille, and Maastricht. In addition to the national trains, Liège-Guillemins station welcomes Thalys and ICE trains, connecting Liège to Brussels, Paris, Aachen, Cologne and Frankfurt. Two new dedicated high-speed tracks were built: HSL 2 (Brussels-Liège) and HSL 3 (Liège-German border).
There are also plans for Eurostar and ICE to link Liège directly to London.
The station is served by the following services:
High speed services (Thalys) Paris - Brussels - Liège - Aachen - Cologne - Düsseldorf - Essen - Dortmund
High speed services (ICE) Brussels - Liège - Aachen - Cologne - Frankfurt
Intercity services (IC-01) Ostend - Bruges - Gent - Brussels - Leuven - Liège - Welkenraedt - Eupen
Intercity services (IC-09) Antwerp - Lier - Aarschot - Hasselt - Liège (weekends)
Intercity services (IC-12) Kortrijk - Gent - Brussels - Leuven - Liège - Welkenraedt (weekdays)
Intercity services (IC-13) Hasselt - Liers - Liège - Visè - Maastricht (weekdays)
Intercity services (IC-13) Liège - Visè - Maastricht (weekends)
Intercity services (IC-14) Quiévrain - Mons - Braine-le-Comte - Brussels - Leuven - Liège (weekdays)
Intercity services (IC-18) Brussels - Namur - Liège (weekdays)
Intercity services (IC-25) Mons - Charleroi - Namur - Huy - Liège (weekdays)
Intercity services (IC-25) Mouscron - Tournai - Saint-Ghislain - Mons - Charleroi - Namur - Huy - Liège - Liers (weekends)
Intercity services (IC-33) Liers - Liège - Rivage - Vielsalm - Troisvierges - Ettelbruck - Luxembourg
Local services (L-01) Namur - Huy - Liège
Local services (L-15) Liers - Liège - Esneux - Rivage - Marche-en-Famenne - Marloie
Local services (L-17) Herstal - Liège - Pepinster - Verviers
Local services (L-21) Waremme - Liege (weekdays)
Local services (L-21) Landen - Waremme - Liege (weekends)
The national trains to Brussels also use the high speed track at 200 km/h, while the Thalys and ICE can go up to 300 km/h (bring Brussels at only 39' minutes from Liège).
Road connections
Liège-Guillemins is also a transport hub for TEC Bus: more than 1620 buses, carrying 15,000 people, serve the station every day. It is one of the few railway stations in Europe directly connected to a motorway (E40-E25). The connection gives direct access to the 850-place parking structure, behind the station. No cycling path connection exists between the station and the city.
See also
High-speed rail in Belgium
List of TGV stations
National Railway Company of Belgium
Rail transport in Belgium
References
External links
In Pictures: Calatrava's Liège-Guillemins train station
Category:Railway stations in Belgium
Category:Railway stations in Liège (province)
Category:Buildings and structures in Liège
Category:Railway stations opened in 1842
Category:Santiago Calatrava structures
Category:Neo-futurism architecture
Category:Railway stations opened in 2009
Category:1842 establishments in Belgium | {
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Delta Yokuts
Delta Yokuts also termed Far Northern Valley Yokuts is an extinct dialect network of Valley Yokuts, a indigenous Yokutsan language of California. Delta Yokuts dialects were spoken from directly northeast of modern Stockton to the confluence of the Merced and San Joaquin rivers near modern Hills Ferry.
Among the attested and named dialects of Delta Yokuts were Yachikumne (Chulamni), Pasasamne, Tamukamne (also known as Tamcan), Cholovomne, Lakisamne, Atsnil, Coconoon (also spelled Huocon and Cucunun).
References
Category:Yokutsan languages | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Puntone, Bientina
Puntone is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Bientina, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 124.
Puntone is about 25 km from Pisa and 4 km from Bientina.
References
Category:Frazioni of the Province of Pisa | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Accuracy International AX50
The AX50 is a sniper rifle developed by British firearms manufacturer Accuracy International. Devised as an upgrade, it is the latest iteration of the AW50 rifle and is built to withstand sustained, heavy usage. Inheriting all the attributes of its predecessor, it allows the operator a high level of accuracy and performance in the harshest of conditions.
History
The AX50 is a variant of the AX series of sniper rifles that entered production in 2010. Fabricated by Accuracy International to meet the modern demands of military and police units alike and was designed with long range precision accuracy in mind for a more accurate anti-materiel weapon. According to Accuracy International the development of the series was partly influenced by the Precision Sniper Rifle (PSR) U.S. Special Operations Command solicitation. An undertaking by the U.S. military for a new and improved Precision long range rifle. Although the contract was lost to Remington's Modular Sniper Rifle.
Design
The AX50 is a bolt-action, .50 BMG sniper/anti-materiel rifle weighing , and is in overall length with a free floated barrel that can be changed in less than 10 minutes. The rifle itself is built on an aluminum chassis, and has a stock which can be folded to the left to shorten the overall length of the rifle when needed, and features a two-stage trigger with a 3.3 to 4.4 lbs. adjustible pull. The receiver and bolt featuring a 60° bolt throw are made of steel. The AX50 comes with an integrated Piccatinny rail as well as a "Firing pin cocking indicator" safety allowing the user to ascertain whether a cartridge is chambered.
Accuracy International actively promotes fitting the Schmidt & Bender PM II / MILITARY MK II product line as sighting components on their sniper rifles and sells these telescopic sights as accessories, which is rare for a rifle manufacturer.
Variants
The AX sniper rifle series comprises variants which were designed for various cartridges.
AXMC multi calibre sniper rifle that can be chambered either in .338 Lapua Magnum, 300 Winchester Magnum or 7.62×51mm NATO/.308 Winchester when it is reconfigured by changing the 22 mm (0.87 in) diameter bolt, magazine/insert, and barrel.
AX308 non-multi calibre sniper rifle chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO/.308 Winchester using a 20 mm (0.79 in) diameter bolt.
AX50 non-multi calibre anti-materiel rifle chambered in 12.7×99mm NATO/.50 BMG using a 30 mm (1.18 in) diameter bolt.
Users
: Recently started to be used by Bangladesh Army.
: Awarded contract with Danish Defence. Due to be introduced into Service.
: In service with Turkish Police Special Operation Department.
: It has replaced the AW50 as the British Army's standard .50 BMG rifle.
: Used By Malaysian Army.
: Employed by the Special Operations Force.
: used by the special forces of the navy and air force of Peru
See also
List of sniper rifles
References
External links
AX50
Category:.50 BMG sniper rifles
Category:Bolt-action rifles
Category:Sniper rifles of the United Kingdom | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
For the Record (Canadian TV series)
For the Record is a Canadian television drama anthology series that aired on CBC Television from 1976 to 1986. The series aired docudrama television films on contemporary social issues.
Episodes
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
References
External links
Category:Canadian anthology television series
Category:CBC Television shows
Category:1976 Canadian television series debuts
Category:1986 Canadian television series endings | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Roi Atar
Roi Atar (; born April 4, 1994) is an Israeli footballer who plays for Hapoel Afula.
Honours
Israeli Youth Championship:
Championships (1): 2012–13
Runner-up (1): 2011–12
Youth State Cup:
Winner (1): 2013
Runner-up (1): 2012
External links
Profile and Statics at ONE.co.il
Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:Israeli Jews
Category:Jewish footballers
Category:Israeli footballers
Category:Maccabi Haifa F.C. players
Category:Hapoel Acre F.C. players
Category:Hapoel Nir Ramat HaSharon F.C. players
Category:Hapoel Ra'anana A.F.C. players
Category:Hapoel Nof HaGalil F.C. players
Category:Hapoel Afula F.C. players
Category:Israeli Premier League players
Category:Liga Leumit players
Category:Israeli people of Moroccan-Jewish descent
Category:People from Tirat Carmel
Category:Football players from Tirat Carmel
Category:Association football forwards | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Tugalina vadososinuata
Tugalina vadososinuata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets.
References
External links
To World Register of Marine Species
Category:Fissurellidae
Category:Gastropods described in 1922 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Reynaldo Rey
Reynaldo Rey (born Harry Reynolds; January 27, 1940 – May 28, 2015) was an American actor, comedian, and television personality.
Career
Rey moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he taught for seven years and became a member of the Karamu House Theatre, world-renowned for its development of top-notch actors, directors and producers. There, he launched his career in comedy, going on the road with the O'Jays. He then moved to New York City, where he was invited to join the Harlem Theater Group. While a member of the group, he appeared in his first movie. From there he performed in Europe, Asia and Africa for two years. Rey has appeared in 52 movies, including Friday, House Party 3, White Men Can't Jump, A Rage in Harlem, and Harlem Nights, where he appeared with the likes of Redd Foxx (his mentor, for whom he often opened shows), Della Reese, Richard Pryor, Arsenio Hall, and Eddie Murphy. He also has 32 television shows to his credit, including BET's Comic View, 1998–1999, 2000–2001, on which he was a co-host, The Tonight Show, Robert Townsend's Parents in Crime, and The Parent Hood, and 227 as Ray the Mailman.He also appeared on the show called Noah's Arc (TV series). Rey also recorded three comedy albums and three videos. He produced his own video, which features a rap he wrote called "I’m Scared A U" after overwhelming audience reaction to it on Russell Simmons' Def Comedy Jam. Rey also appeared as a contestant not once but twice on the popular game show Match Game. He was brought back due to a technicality, and would go on to win 3 games, and a total of 650 dollars.
Death
Rey died on May 28, 2015 due to complications from a stroke he suffered a year prior.
He is interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills).
Partial filmography
Disco Sexpot (1979)
Young Doctors in Love (1982) - The Cops - Cicerelli
Harlem Nights (1989) - Gambler
Far Out Man (1990) - Lou
A Rage in Harlem (1991) - Blind Man
The Three Muscatels (1991) - King Alberto Nacho
White Men Can't Jump (1992) - Tad
Bébé's Kids (1992) - Lush (voice)
House Party 3 (1994) - Veda's Dad
Friday (1995) - Red's Father
Sprung (1997) - Brotha #2
Fakin' da Funk (1997) - Earnest
The Breaks (1999) - Uncle Deion
Jackie's Back (1999, TV Movie) - Cadillac Johnson (Retired Pimp)
Play It to the Bone (1999) - Sportswriter
Little Richard (2000, TV Movie) - Sugarfoot Sam
The Cheapest Movie Ever Made (2000)
For da Love of Money (2002) - Pops
The Sunday Morning Stripper (2003, Short) - Elder Jenkins
Survival of the Illest (2004) - Old School
Super Spy (2004)
My Big Phat Hip Hop Family (2005) - Terrell Mathis
Treasure n tha Hood (2005) - Willie
Issues (2005) - Mr. Livingston
Who Made the Potato Salad? (2006) - Mr. Brown
Everybody Hates Chris (2007, TV Series) - Mr. Lester
Divine Intervention (2007) - Deacon Jones
First Sunday (2008) - Soul Joe
Internet Dating (2008) - Mr. Bentay
American Dream (2008) - Manager
Pawn Shop (2012) - Rey's Pal (final film role)
References
External links
Category:1940 births
Category:2015 deaths
Category:African-American male actors
Category:African-American screenwriters
Category:Screenwriters from Ohio
Category:American male film actors
Category:American male television actors
Category:Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
Category:People from Sequoyah County, Oklahoma
Category:Male actors from Cleveland
Category:Emporia State University alumni
Category:Male actors from Oklahoma
Category:American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent
Category:20th-century American male actors
Category:21st-century American male actors
Category:Screenwriters from Oklahoma | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Abeer Hamza
Abeer Hamza () is a scholar and lecturer of Modern Standard Arabic
and Egyptian Arabic in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Education and Teaching Experience
Hamza received Arabic instructor training from the University of Texas at Austin, and she received her Ph.D. from Ain Shams University in Cairo in 2000. She has taught courses there, was a visiting lecturer at Middlebury College, as well as a lecturer of Arabic and Spanish at California State University, Los Angeles before coming to UCLA.
Current Position
She is currently the Arabic program coordinator at UCLA, and her responsibilities include assessing student competence in the language and creating complementary materials to enhance learning.
In addition to her native Arabic, she is also fluent in English and Spanish and has working knowledge of French.
References
External links
Abeer Hamza's UCLA Website
Category:Living people
Category:Ain Shams University alumni
Category:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Category:University of California Near Eastern Languages and Cultures faculty
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) was a Malay Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia during the British crown colony era in that state.
He was a member leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in the Anti-cession movement of Sarawak, along with Morshidi Sidek, Awang Rambli Bin Deli and Bujang Suntong. It was a secret cell organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of officers of the British Colonial government in Sarawak. He was well known for his assassination of Duncan George Stewart, the second governor of colonial Sarawak, in 1949.
It has been reported that the group was in fact agitating for union with newly independent Indonesia. Previously classified documents indicate that the British Government knew this, but chose not to reveal the truth of the matter in the assassination so not to provoke Indonesia. It had recently won its war of independence from the Netherlands, and the UK was already dealing with the Malayan Emergency to the north-west.
Early life
Rosli Dhobi was born on 18 March 1932 at No. 94, Kampung Pulo, Sibu, Sarawak as the second child in the waserman family. His father, Dhobi bin Buang originated from Indonesia and was a descendant of Raden. His mother, Habibah binti Haji Lamit came from a Sambas family and settled for a long time in Mukah. Little is known about his earlier life although friends regard Rosli as an approachable person despite his quietness. He had an elder sister and a younger brother: Fatimah (born 1928) and Ainie (born 1933).
Rosli started his career as a teacher and quit his job in 1947 to teach in Sibu People's School. Before that, he worked at the Sarawak Public Works Department (PWD) and for Utusan Sarawak. Rosli was known to be a nationalist and a poet. Using the nickname Lidros, Rosli penned down a nationalistic poem titled 'Panggilan Mu yang Suchi' (Malay: "Your Divine Call") which was published in Utusan Sarawak on 28 February 1948. The usage of nicknames was prevalent at the time since the British Colonial Authority vigorously monitored any attempts to spread words against them. He joined the Sibu Malay Youth Movement (Malay: Pergerakan Pemuda Melayu Sibu) under the leadership of Sirat Haji Yaman.
Rosli joined Rukun 13 in August 1948. He was introduced to the organisation by an old friend, Awang Rambli.
Assassination of Duncan George Stewart
Background
The end of the Second World War had brought an end to the Brooke Dynasty rule in Sarawak. Believing it to be in the best interest of the people of Sarawak, Rajah Vyner Brooke ceded the state to the British Crown. Sarawak became a Crown Colony, ruled from the Colonial Office in London, which in turn dispatched a Governor for Sarawak.
This move was opposed by Rajah Muda Anthony Brooke, who was supposed to become the next Rajah Brooke, as well as many native Sarawakians who were initially told that they would be allowed self-government. Anthony Brooke became the leader of the anti-cession movement.
Events
On 4 December 1949, Duncan George Stewart, the aforementioned appointed governor of Sarawak, was murdered by the Rukun 13 members, Rosli Dhoby, Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Deli, Morshidi Sidek and Bujang Suntong in Sibu.
Rosli Dhoby and Morshidi Sidek were among the crowd that welcomed the governor on his arrival to Sibu. After inspecting an honour guard the governor was meeting a group of local school children in near proximity of Rosli. Morshidi began to pretend to take pictures of the governor with a broken camera. The governor stopped to allow Morshidi to photograph him. At that moment, Rosli stabbed the governor.
Rosli was arrested on the spot and sent to Kuching for trial and later into imprisonment. Despite suffering a deep stab wound Stewart is reported to have tried to carry on until blood began to seep through his white uniform. The governor was flown back to Kuching for treatment and later to Singapore, where he died a week after the incident.
Death
After a few months languishing in prison, Rosli Dhoby, Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Deli, Morshidi Sidek and Bujang Suntong were found guilty of murder and sentenced to death on 4 December 1949. This move was criticised by many, as Rosli Dhobi was a juvenile at the time of assassination.
Rosli Dhoby was sent to the gallows on the morning of 2 March 1950. Fearing the resentment of the local population, the British government did not allow Rosli Dhoby's body to leave the Kuching Central Prison. Instead, his body was interred in an unmarked tomb within the prison compound.
After Sarawak gained independence on 22 July 1963 from Britain and later through the formation of the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, a tombstone was put in place at his tomb. The tombstone is now on display at the outer compound of Sarawak Islamic Museum in Kuching after the reinterment of his remains in 1996.
Aftermath
Sarawak was sent into tumultuous years, and the anti-Cessionists rebellion were crushed as the support by the locals dwindled due to the "aggressive" tactic used by Rosli Dhoby, alongside the oppositions from some of the Malay leaders who were pro-British. Most of the anti-Cessionists were arrested and later sent into prison, and some of them were even imprisoned in Changi Prison in Singapore.
However, things later returned to normal and peace was restored during the era of 3rd Governor of Sarawak, Sir Anthony Foster Abell. Even those who were imprisoned at Changi were allowed to return to Sarawak, to continue their sentence at Kuching Central Prison.
Reburial
After 46 years resting in prison compound, the remains of Rosli Dhoby were moved out of the Kuching Central Prison to be buried in the Sarawak's Heroes Mausoleum near Sibu Town Mosque at his home town of Sibu on 2 March 1996. He was given a state funeral by the Sarawak government.
Legacy
A school in Sibu, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rosli Dhoby (SMKRD) was named after him.
In 2009, a miniseries spanning the period from him joining the Rukun 13 up to his death sentence was produced by Malaysian production studio KL Motion Picture Co. titled Warkah Terakhir ("The Final Letter"), with actor Beto Kusyairy portraying Rosli.
References
Sources
Adapted from Sabah dan Sarawak Menjadi Tanah Jajahan British, Sejarah Tingkatan 3 textbook
Adapted from Pembinaan Negara Dan Bangsa Malaysia, Sejarah Tingkatan 5 textbook
See also
Anti-cession movement of Sarawak
Rentap, an Iban warrior who fought against Brooke
James W.W. Birch, first Perak resident who was killed by Dato Maharajalela Lela
Category:1932 births
Category:1950 deaths
Category:People from Sarawak
Category:History of Sarawak
Category:Melanau people
Category:Malaysian rebels
Category:Executed Malaysian people
Category:People executed by British Sarawak by hanging
Category:Malaysian people convicted of murder
Category:Malaysian assassins
Category:20th-century executions by the United Kingdom
Category:Executed assassins
Category:Assassins of heads of government
Category:People of British Borneo | {
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Fillos de Galicia
Fillos de Galicia () is a web portal and virtual community that focuses on the Galician ghetto and emigration. The site focuses on promoting unity between Galicians and the Galician diaspora. The community is a hub provides information about the Galician language or finding relatives in Galicia using the Atopadoiro. Fillos.org is one of the most popular websites regarding Galicia and its ghetto.
History
Fillos de Galicia was started in 1997 by Manuel Casal Lodeiro, son of Galician emigrants. Since its inception, the portal has been growing. The supporting association spawned sister sites dealing with specific themes relating to Galicians.
Statistics
As of 2010, more than 6700 users had registered, from over 70 countries. MOst are between ages 30 and 60. Over 1500 live in Argentina, with sizable populations in Spain and Brazil. Over half are either born in Galicia or children of Galicians. Another 1200 are grandchildren and great-grandchildren of Galicians. Of all the users, 60 are paying members called socios in Spanish.
During 2012, the site experienced 339.499 visits. An average of 1.5 pages were visited each month by guests, coming from 29,000 visits per month.
References
Sources
External links
(tagging-based social networking service)
(social bookmarking)
(categorization of traditional Galician names)
(web portal for Galician organizations all around the world)
Rede Galega (Internet services for Galician nonprofits)
Planeta Galego (Galician diaspora webzine)
(mini-site on Prestige ecological disaster)
(Fund-raising & net.art project)
Category:Galician culture
Category:Web portals | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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1987 World Rowing Championships
The 1987 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 29 to 30 August 1987 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Medal summary
Medalists at the 1987 World Rowing Championships were:
Men's events
Women's events
References
Category:World Rowing Championships
Category:International sports competitions in Copenhagen
Category:1987 in rowing
Rowing
Category:Rowing competitions in Denmark
Category:August 1987 sports events in Europe
Category:1980s in Copenhagen | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Rotti Press
The Rotti Press is the only printing press in Pakistan owned by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Karachi. The press is located in Blenkin Street, Saddar, Karachi.
History
“Dor Mhoineache Rotti” a Konkani language publication first out in 1915, was published by the Rotti Press by Fr. Vincent Lobo.
In 1937 the Franciscans built the Saint Francis of Assisi Church building on Pilgrim Road. The press was located on the ground floor of the church building.
The press has a long history of publishing books on philosophy, history, religion, education and culture.
The press currently also publishes the Christian Voice, Karachi an English-language weekly newspaper and a weekly Urdu-language paper Agahi.
In October 2010, the Rotti Press printed two books - Tofah (Gift) and Yasu (Jesus) to be used for Sunday School instruction in Pakistan. Five thousand copies have been printed each for all dioceses nationwide. The books were launched by Archbishop Evarist Pinto of Karachi.
References
Category:Catholic Church in Pakistan
Category:Printing companies
Category:Printers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Shall We Gather at the River?
"Shall We Gather at the River?" or simply "At the River" are the popular names for the traditional Christian hymn titled "Hanson Place," written by American poet and gospel music composer Robert Lowry (1826–1899). It was written in 1864 and is now in the public domain. The title "Hanson Place" is a reference to the original Hanson Place Baptist Church in Brooklyn, where Lowry, as a Baptist minister, sometimes served. The original building now houses a different denomination.
The music is in the key of D and uses an 8.7.8.7 R meter. An arrangement was also composed by Charles Ives, and a later arrangement is included in Aaron Copland's Old American Songs (1952) in addition to being used by American wind band composer David Maslanka in his Symphony No. 9 (2011). The song was sung live at the 1980 funeral of American Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas.
Lyrics
The song's lyrics refer to the Christian concept of the anticipation of restoration and reward, and reference the motifs found at - a crystal clear river with water of life, issuing from the throne of heaven, all presented by an angel of God.
Chorus :
Yes, we’ll gather at the river,
The beautiful, the beautiful river;
Gather with the saints at the river
That flows by the throne of God.
In popular culture
In film Westerns
The song was often employed in Western soundtracks, particularly those of director John Ford (being one of his favorite hymns) and it features in many of Ford's most famous films. The melody is played paradoxically in Stagecoach (1939), in the early scene is which Claire Trevor's character Dallas is run out of town. It also appears in Ford's Tobacco Road (1941), My Darling Clementine (1946), Three Godfathers (1948), Wagon Master (1950), twice in The Searchers (1956), and 7 Women (1966).
The song is also heard in Gene Fowler, Jr.'s The Oregon Trail (1959) and in Elliot Silverstein's Cat Ballou (1965). It was used in the Sam Peckinpah films Major Dundee (1965) and also The Wild Bunch (1969) where it was employed as ironic counterpoint during an onscreen massacre. It was similarly put to use in such dark, late-period Westerns as 1968's Hang 'Em High and 1972's Jeremiah Johnson.
The song was used in Gore Verbinski's infamous 2013 pastiche western, The Lone Ranger.
In other films
It features prominently in David Lean's romantic comedy Hobson's Choice (1954) and in Richard Brooks's drama Elmer Gantry (1960). A caricatural vocal rendition of the song (with new revival-style lyrics) is used for both a car chase and the end credits of Howard Morris' caper comedy, Who's Minding the Mint? (1967). It is also included in the film adaptation of The Handmaid's Tale (film).
Part of the hymn was sung in the Academy Award-winning period film, Trip to Bountiful (1985). The hymn is a primary musical theme for schlock film Tromeo and Juliet (1996), credited on the soundtrack as Yes, We'll Gather at the River. The title "Shall We Gather at the River" is used as the name of a second season episode of Falling Skies. The hymn opens Richard Rossi's 1920s period piece drama Aimee Semple McPherson.
International use
In Sweden, the 1876 hymn to the same melody O, hur saligt att få vandra ("O, how blessed it is to walk") became one of the most popular songs of the widespread Swedish revivalist movement. A drinking song to the same melody, Jag har aldrig vart på snusen, partly mocking the religious message of the Swedish original, is one of the most popular drinking songs at Swedish universities.
In Germany, the melody of the hymn became a well-known christmas carol named Welchen Jubel, welche Freude ("What rejoice, o what a joy") with the lyrics of Ernst Gebhardt (1832-1899).
In 1937, the tune was adopted in Japan to a popular enka song Tabakoya no Musume (タバコやの娘 The Girl at the Tobacconist's). This enka song was soon parodied into juvenile song about the testicles of the tanuki (たんたんたぬき), which goes, "Tan-tan-tanuki's testicles: there isn't any wind, but [they still go] swing swing swing". The parodied version of the song remain popular among Japanese children and adults to this day.
The University of Antioquia in Medellin, Colombia uses the same melody in its official song.
The British band Groove Armada's single "At the River" features a trombone part derived from "Shall We Gather at the River?", played by band member Andy Cato.
References
External links
Lyrics
Category:American Christian hymns
Category:1864 songs
Category:19th-century hymns | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Andy Beckett
Andy Beckett (born 1969) is a British journalist and historian. He writes for The Guardian, the London Review of Books and The New York Times magazine.
Beckett studied Modern History at Balliol College, University of Oxford and journalism at the University of California.
Works
Pinochet in Piccadilly: Britain and Chile's Hidden History (London: Faber & Faber, 2002).
When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies (London: Faber & Faber, 2009).
Promised You A Miracle: Why 1980–82 Made Modern Britain (London: Allen Lane, 2015).
Notes
Category:1969 births
Category:Living people
Category:British journalists
Category:British historians | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
John Caven (Canadian politician)
John Caven (c. 1833 – April 8, 1898) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Prince Edward in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal-Patrons of Industry member from 1894 to 1898.
He was born in Picton and educated in Marysburgh. Caven served on the council for Prince Edward County and was a public school trustee.
External links
The Canadian parliamentary companion, 1897 JA Gemmill
Category:1833 deaths
Category:1898 deaths
Category:Ontario Patrons of Industry MPPs
Category:People from Prince Edward County, Ontario | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Jonti Picking
Jonathan "Jonti" Picking (born 17 May 1975), also known as Weebl, is a British Internet personality and Flash animator and is the creator of Weebl's Stuff.
His animations are known for repetitive melodies and surreal dialogue; the majority feature a catchy tune with silly lyrics, paired with a looping animation. He does most of the voices in his animations himself, and several feature himself in live action, including "Haricots Verts", "Chutney", "Boogie", "CAMRA", "Stockmarket", "We Are Mature", "Tangerine" the Weebl and Bob episodes "DJ" and "Safety", the fourth On The Moon episode, and "Jazzmas". He has also worked with other animators on YouTube, such as Edd Gould in the video "Nuts [Weebl]".
Picking is a trained sound engineer and artist, and has also worked on 3D visual effects for the film Resident Evil. In 2003, he made several advertisements for Anchor Butter in the style of his Weebl and Bob animations, but featuring cows, which were broadcast in the UK. The television program Totally Viral on UKTV G2, consisting of video clips and cartoons from the internet, has an animated title sequence and links made by Jonti. Jonti set up his own production company called Sumo Dojo, which he later left to set up Weebl's Stuff Limited, also known as Weebl Ltd. Weebl's Stuff Ltd was dissolved in 2014, and Jelly Penguin Productions Ltd was set up in its place shortly afterward.
In 2009, Picking produced several radio and television adverts based on the tune of the first "Magical Trevor" for the 118 24 7 service of Yell.com. It appeared on the ITV television channel, amongst others. It was voted 6th Most Irritating Ad of 2009 by Marketing Magazine. He is also an admitted fan of Wesley Willis and created an animation for Willis' song "Merry Christmas".
Weebl's Stuff
Weebl's Stuff is Picking's personal website. Whilst initially starting with his own creations (The show "Weebl and Bob" was previously hosted on a different site before moving to Weebl's Stuff), it quickly grew to incorporate numerous series and numerous staff. As well as providing the site with animations, usually at least twice a week, Weebl's Stuff also provides animation services to companies. Clients have included E4, Yellow Pages, and Anchor.
Savlonic
Savlonic is a synthpop/synthwave virtual band consisting of singer Roscoe (or Rosco) Thunderpants (voiced by Picking), singer/keyboardist Evangeline D'isco or Eve (voiced by Sarah Darling), backing vocalist/drummer Kandi Flaus (voiced by Katt Wade), and guitarist Kaspar Funk (Daniel Dobbs).
As of March 2019, nine Savlonic songs have been made into music videos: "Electro Gypsy" (2008), "Tiny Japanese Girl" (2010), "Wandering Eye" (2011), "The Driver" (2012), "Computer Guy" (2013), "Spelunker" (2014), "Broken" (2016), "Hi-Lights" (2017), and "Action Causes Reaction" (2019). All of these songs' videos were animated by Picking, Peabo, and Kr3id.
The band has released two full-length albums; "Red" on 18 August 2014, "Neon" on 19 September 2016. A cover album titled "Emulat0r" was released on 21 September 2017, though this isn't counted as the third album. Instead, the third album "Black Plastic" was released on 18 March 2019. They have also released a five-song EP named after the band's animated frontman Rosco, and multiple tracks released as singles ("Sweet" and "00:00:00"). The "Red", "Neon" and "Black Plastic" albums were funded by the fans of Weebl and Savlonic through the crowd-funding website Kickstarter
The campaign for "Red" raised £34,768 from 1,320 backers, the campaign for "Neon" raised £40,778 from 1,276 backers, and the campaign for "Black Plastic" raised £37,055 from 847 backers.
Albums
Picking has produced several mini-albums, most of which feature extended versions of songs featured in his Flash animations. Many are available for purchase or free download on the music streaming site Bandcamp.
Pure Yak Frenzy (produced with Rob Manuel from b3ta) (2003)
Hands Over Pastry (6 April 2009)
Yesterday's Lemon (26 October 2009)
Magical Chalk Toilet (17 November 2010)
Shabby Bacon Hut (2 November 2011)
Ooh Waffle Dog (23 November 2012)
On Board the Beef Bus (16 January 2014)
Red (as Savlonic) (18 August 2014)
Neon (as Savlonic) (19 September 2016)
Emulat0r (as Savlonic) (21 September 2017)
A Right Festive Northern Christmas (14 December 2017)
Black Plastic (as Savlonic) (19 March 2019)
HuHa
As of 2012 Picking has begun contributing to the YouTube comedy channel HuHa under the name of Jelly Penguin. He has produced several shorts, including Evil Guy (a parody of super-villains from comic books and Saturday morning cartoons), Beef House (a parody of the A-Team in which the protagonists are butchers) and BAD Advice (a parody of public information films from the 1970s and 1980s). As of 2014, no further works for HuHa are being produced, either by Picking or others.
Team Badger
In 2013, Picking teamed up with Queen guitarist and animal rights activist Brian May and actor Brian Blessed, along with a number of animal rights organisations including the RSPCA, to form "Team Badger", a coalition against the British Government's proposed badger cull. Picking, May and Blessed recorded a single, Save The Badger Badger Badger, a mashup of 2003's Badgers, and Queen's Flash, featuring vocals by Blessed. Picking also animated the music video, which parodied elements of the original "Badger" animation, as well as a scene from the 1980 film Flash Gordon, in which Blessed played Prince Vultan, and for which Queen provided the soundtrack. On 1 September 2013, Save The Badger Badger Badger charted at No. 79 on the UK Singles Chart, No. 39 on the UK iTunes chart and No. 1 on the iTunes Rock chart.
Personal life
Picking married Sarah Darling, a radio presenter on the station Xfm, on 31 March 2007. On 23 December 2008, Picking announced his wife's pregnancy on the Weebl's Stuff forums. On 13 July 2009, Picking's wife gave birth to a girl.
References
External links
Category:1975 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Doncaster
Category:British Internet celebrities
Category:English animators
Category:British animated film directors
Category:English businesspeople
Category:English comedy musicians
Category:English male singers
Category:English singer-songwriters
Category:English male video game actors
Category:English male voice actors
Category:Flash artists
Category:21st-century English singers
Category:21st-century male singers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Wedgewood Village Amusement Park
Wedgewood Village Amusement Park was an amusement park in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It was originally started in 1955 by Maurice Woods and located at May and NW 58th street, where it was known as Duffys Golf. Maurice started to notice that wives and children were sitting in their cars while their husbands used the driving range. Thus, the idea was to place a few kiddie rides to keep them occupied. The rides became so popular that Maurice decided to acquire the land at 63rd and N.W. Expressway. Here he built Wedgewood Village (named after the idea of a wedge and wood golf club). This took place in 1958 and lasted until 1969. Most of the rides were sold after the 1968 season. The park sported a number of rides, most notably the Tornado coaster.
Tornado
The Tornado was a wooden roller coaster built and designed by John C. Allen and the Philadelphia Toboggan Company. The coaster was built in 1961, and enlarged from its original 58 feet tall to 75 feet tall for the 1962 season. After 1962, the lift hill led directly into a turn before the first drop, and a new high turn was added at the station end, with the rest of the ride maintaining its pre-expansion configuration The trains are now operating at Stricker's Grove in Ohio on a roller coaster also called The Tornado.
Maurice Woods died in July 2008. He was working on a coffee table Wedgewood Book at the time.
The olympic regulation size pool is still in existence and the Wedgewood Apartments have now been built around it.
References
External links
Wedgewood Village Tribute Site
Amusement park lives on in the memories of its fans
Category:Amusement parks in Oklahoma
Category:1955 establishments in Oklahoma
Category:1969 disestablishments in Oklahoma
Category:Defunct amusement parks in the United States
Category:Buildings and structures in Oklahoma City
Category:Amusement parks opened in 1955
Category:Amusement parks closed in 1969 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Telecommunications in Zimbabwe
Communications in Zimbabwe refers to the communication services available in Zimbabwe.
Background
Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ) was established by the Postal and Telecommunications Act in 2000 and started its operations in March 2001. This legislation brought about a new institutional framework for telecommunications in Zimbabwe.
Telephone system
The phone system was once one of the best in Africa, but now suffers from poor maintenance; more than 100,000 outstanding requests for connection despite an equally large number of installed but unused main lines.
Main lines in use: 356,000 (2011)
The domestic system consists of microwave radio relay links, open-wire lines, radiotelephone communication stations, fixed wireless local loop installations, and a substantial mobile cellular network; Internet connection is available in most major towns that includes Harare,Gweru Bulawayo,Mutare through fiber optic and other remote parts through satellite communication
International: country code - 263; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat; two international digital gateway exchanges (in Harare and Gweru) (2010)
Mobile cellular: 9.2 million (2011)
Radio
There is a total of 16 radio stations that broadcast locally, 6 broadcast nationally, the other 10 broadcast provincially and are located in the country's major cities. The national broadcaster owns 4 national and 2 provincial radio stations.
Two independent stations, ZiFM Stereo and Star FM were launched in 2012 and both broadcast nationally. 2016 saw the launch of 8 regional, private owned radio stations and in 2018, ZBC launched 2 more provincial stations, Khulumani FM in Bulawayo and 95.8 Central Radio in Gweru.
As of 2013, Zimbabwean authorities have required all radio owners to obtain a "listening licence" from the state.
Television
There is 1 state-controlled television station, ZBC TV. The government has shut down and refuses to issue licenses to domestic independent broadcasters such as JoyTV in 2002. However satellite TV providers including DStv are available, in 2013 Zimbabwe saw the introduction of its first pay TV. In 2017, Kwesé TV a subsidiary of Econet Global which was founded by Zimbabwean entrepreneur Strive Masiyiwa has been delayed license to operate in Zimbabwe by the Broadcasting Authority of Zimbabwe (BAZ) .
Market structure mobile
There are three GSM mobile network operators, namely Econet, Net One and Telecel. The current subscriber base in June 2011 to these three mobile operators were 5,521,000 people for Econet, 1,297,000 for Net One, and 1,349,000 for Telecel. All of these operators are 100 percent digitalized and offer 2G, GPRS, EDGE, 3G and 4G LTE services.
Internet
Internet hosts: 30,615 (2012)
In 2009, there were 1.423 million internet users. In June 2004 Mugabe asked ISPs to monitor all email traffic passing through their systems for "anti-national activities". ISPs protest that this is an impossible task.
Country code (Top level domain): .zw
See also
Media of Zimbabwe
References
Bibliography
External links
'Media and Telecommunication Lansdcape in Zimbabwe', a 'infoasaid' guide, September 2011, 76 pp.
ZiFm Radio | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Robert Fulke Greville
Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Fulke Greville FRS (3 February 1751 – 27 April 1824) was a British Army officer, courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1807.
Life
The son of Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick, and his wife, the former Elizabeth Hamilton, he was a younger brother of George Greville, 2nd Earl of Warwick, and of Charles Francis Greville. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh. He was commissioned as a cornet in the 10th Dragoons in 1768, and promoted to lieutenant in 1772; he became a captain in the 1st Foot Guards in 1775 and lieutenant-colonel in 1777. He saw little or no active service and perhaps the most notable aspect of his army career was as an equerry to King George III from 1781 to 1797. This included the king's first bout of physical and mental illness, then known as madness, for which Greville's diaries are a valuable primary source. Some incidents from them were incorporated into the play The Madness of George III and its film adaptation - a fictionalised Greville appears in both of them, played in the film by Rupert Graves.
Greville's duties as an equerry did not prevent him starting a parliamentary career, initially as Member of Parliament for Warwick from 1774 to 1780, supporting the Tory government of Lord North. He went with the king's household on its 1794 season in Weymouth, again recording it in his diary in considerable detail. 1794 also saw Greville elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
In 1796, a year before leaving his post as equerry, he was elected Member of Parliament for New Windsor, holding the constituency for ten years. On 19 October 1797, he married Louisa Murray (née Cathcart), Countess of Mansfield - she was the widow of David Murray and daughter of Charles Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart. He returned to the royal household as Groom of the Bedchamber from 1800 to 1818 (from 1812 at Windsor Castle after the final onset of George III's illness). His diaries recounting the period are now held in the Royal Collection.
Fanny Burney referred to Greville as "Colonel Wellbred" and he was a favourite at court. Emma, Lady Hamilton, who had been the mistress of his brother Charles, wrote to Robert on several occasions, seeking financial assistance.
Greville died on 27 April 1824. His brother Charles Francis had founded the port of Milford Haven and Robert's son and namesake attempted to make improvements to it.
References
Category:1751 births
Category:1824 deaths
Category:Younger sons of earls
Category:Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
Category:Tory MPs (pre-1834)
Category:British MPs 1774–1780
Category:British MPs 1796–1800
Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
Category:UK MPs 1801–1802
Category:UK MPs 1802–1806
Category:Equerries
Category:Grenadier Guards officers
Category:10th Royal Hussars officers
Robert
Category:Fellows of the Royal Society
Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh | {
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Wonkette
Wonkette is an American online magazine of topical satire and political gossip, established in 2004 by Gawker Media and founding editor Ana Marie Cox. The editor since 2012 is Rebecca Schoenkopf, formerly of OC Weekly. Wonkette covers U.S. politics from Washington, D.C. to local schoolboards. Taking a sarcastic tone, the site focuses heavily on humorous breaking news, rumors, and the downfall of the powerful. It also deals with serious matters of politics and policy, producing in-depth analysis.
Launch and history
Wonkette was established in January 2004 as part of the Gawker Media network. Its founding editor was Ana Marie Cox, a former editor at suck.com.
Cox rapidly established a large reading audience and media notice for the site. The blog gained further national media attention after Cox publicized the story of Jessica Cutler aka "Washingtonienne", a former Hill staffer who blogged about her affair with a member of former Senator Mike DeWine's staff.
Cox announced her resignation as Wonkette'''s editor on January 5, 2006, in order to promote her book, Dog Days, and was succeeded by David Lat, the author of Underneath Their Robes, a blog about the federal judiciary, and Alex Pareene, a young New York University student and Gawker intern/guest editor in New York who moved to D.C. for the Wonkette position. (In late 2007, Pareene moved to the flagship Gawker site and, in April 2010, to Salon.)
In June 2006, Lat announced his decision to leave Wonkette. His slot was to be filled by guest editors until August 2006, when longtime political blogger Ken Layne joined as editor. Wonkette reached its largest pre-2008 audience during the 2006 midterm elections due to scandal coverage of Mark Foley and other incumbents involved in corruption, sex-abuse and bribery scandals.
After Pareene and Layne's departure in October 2007, a team of new editors including John Clarke, Jr. and Megan Carpentier was installed by Gawker management. Gawker publisher Nick Denton brought Layne back as sole editor two months later, who put in place the team of Jim Newell of IvyGate, videographer Liz Glover, former Gawker blogger Sara K. Smith, Columbia literary magazine The Blue and White editor Juli Weiner, and longtime contributors Princess Sparkle Pony (Peter Huestis) and Josh Fruhlinger, the Comics Curmudgeon.Wonkette teams covered both the Denver DNC and St. Paul RNC conventions. Newell and columnist Josh Fruhlinger covered Barack Obama's inauguration in Washington. As with many political websites, readership hit new records between the November 2008 election and January 2009 inauguration.
Past and current guest editors and contributors include Reason Magazine editor Nick Gillespie, Washington Post reporter David Weigel, DCeiver editor and Huffington Post writer Jason Linkins, Gawker editor and The Awl founder Choire Sicha, New York comedian and author Sara Benincasa, Chicago artist and journalist Lauri Apple, Boston Globe political blogger Garrett Quinn, cartoonist Benjamin Frisch, and Vanity Fair online writer Juli Weiner.
In April 2011, Wonkette came under criticism after blogger Jack Stuef wrote a post that was interpreted as mocking Trig Palin for his having Down syndrome. The post suggested that Trig was possibly the result of incest between Todd Palin and Bristol Palin. In response, at least 14 advertisers, including major companies such as Ford, Toyota, Verizon, Nordstrom, and Papa John's, announced that they would exclude their network remnant advertising from Wonkette. Editor Ken Layne announced that Stuef was placed on probation and Stuef apologized for the post.
The name of the site is a play on the slang word wonk, meaning a "zealous student of political policy", adding the feminine ending to best describe founding editor Cox and as a play on the word "gazette."
Separation from Gawker Media
On April 14, 2008, Gawker Media announced that it was selling Wonkette and that Layne would remain managing editor and part owner. Gawker Media head Nick Denton attributed the sale to "hunkering down" before another dot com downturn and the Internet bubble bursts: "And, even if not, better safe than sorry; and better too early than too late..." Gawker's Silicon Valley gossip site, Valleywag, was merged with the flagship Gawker.com site, its popular music site, Idolator, was sold to Buzznet, and The Consumerist was sold to Consumers Union as part of the same divestiture effort.
Wonkette Media also launched Wonkabout, a D.C. culture guide, which ran from February 12, 2009 until April 28, 2011, and was edited by Arielle Fleisher.
In February, 2017, Wonkette went ad-free , and it is now supported by reader donations.
Style and frequent targetsWonkette makes frequent targets of mainstream media outlets like CNN, The Washington Post and Politico, when they are perceived as missing opportunities for substantive political analysis by attempting to get "scoops" or simply covering the actions of others in the mainstream media. Truck Nutz references became very popular during the 2008 Presidential Election, while following the election of Barack Obama, the site also published humorous pieces about Tea Party Protesters, Birthers, Peggy Noonan's weekly column and Sarah Palin. Right-wing blogs such as Andrew Breitbart's Big Government and National Review Online's The Corner are constant targets.
Regular features
Gifzette Daily Briefing: Morning humor and commentary by Matt Langer, editor of Gifzette and writer for The Awl.
Ayn Rand's Adventures In Wonderland: America 2010: Serial graphic novel by cartoonist Benjamin Frisch. The series has concluded.
Barry, Can You Hear Me?: Op-ed column by comedian/radio host Sara Benincasa.
Cartoon Violence: Weekly or bi-weekly study of a few poor-quality political cartoons. The cartoons often share a theme. Written by Josh Fruhlinger, who is also the author of The Comics Curmudgeon.
Rumors On the Internets: Daily collection of often ridiculous political opinions from the blogs; named for George W. Bush's 2004 debate performance mention of "rumors on the Internets".
Washington Blingees: Political figures depicted as MySpace-style animated gifs, created using the website Blingee, filled with hip-hop and "tween" imagery.
It's Morning In America: Daily news briefing that mocks the style of Beltway news roundups that aim to shape news and opinion. This feature was replaced by the Gifzette Daily Briefing by Matt Langer.
Fridays With Peggy: Deconstructions of Peggy Noonan's Wall Street Journal column, often recasting her writing as either the work of a Tory from the 17th century or that of a depraved Gonzo-style character suffering constant hallucinations in her Upper East Side apartment.
Win of the Afternoon: Snarky reader comments.
Wonkette World o' Books: Reviews of political books, mostly those written by Republican political or media celebrities, edited by book reviewer Greer Mansfield.
Reception
The Bloggies at SXSW selected Wonkette as Best Political Blog in 2005, 2006 and 2007. Wonkette was chosen as a top political blog by Vanity Fair and Real Simple in 2008. Wonkette won the Best Liberal Blog category in the 2008 Weblog Awards and is nominated in the humor, politics and group-blog categories in the 2009 and 2010 Bloggies. Items are frequently picked up by national broadcasts including Colbert Report, Wait, Wait Don't Tell Me and CNN.
Alex Nichols, writing in The Outline in 2017, described Wonkette'', saying, "This is why I love Wonkette, the gossip blog that refuses to die. Wonkette is Bush-era liberalism frozen in amber, motionless and immortal, forced to passively observe a changing world until the end of time. Why does it still exist? Hard to say. But as long as it is here, we must celebrate its inanity." He wrote, "The site isn't an indictment of centrists, the Democratic Party, or neoliberalism. It doesn't prove a point about anything, and it isn't an example of any trend or political tendency, which makes it all the more baffling ... Wonkette simply exists, and it might outlast us all."
References
External links
Wonkette
Category:American political websites
Category:American satirical magazines
Category:Gawker Media
Category:Magazines established in 2004
Category:American online magazines
Category:American political blogs | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Poulton, Gloucestershire
Poulton is a village and civil parish in the English county of Gloucestershire, approximately to the south-east of Gloucester. It lies in the south of the Cotswolds, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 United Kingdom census, the parish had a population of 398, increasing to 408 at the 2011 census.
History
Poulton was listed as Poltone in the Domesday Book of 1086. Historically, the village was part of the county of Wiltshire and for centuries was — physically detached from Wiltshire — an enclave in Gloucestershire. Under the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844, Poulton finally became part of Gloucestershire.
There was a parish church at Poulton by at least 1337, when the lord of the manor, Sir Thomas Seymour, endowed it with a chantry. In 1348, Seymour built what became the Priory of St Mary. From 1539, with the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the priory was used as Poulton's parish church. It was demolished in 1873. The current parish church, dedicated to St Michael and All Angels, was built in 1873 by William Butterfield.
Governance
Poulton is part of the Hampton ward of the Cotswold district, currently represented by Councillor Lisa Spivey, a member of the Liberal Democrats. Poulton is part of the constituency of The Cotswolds, currently represented at parliament by Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Geoffrey Clifton-Brown. It is part of the South West England constituency of the European Parliament.
References
Footnotes
Bibliography
External links
Category:Civil parishes in Gloucestershire
Category:Villages in Gloucestershire
Category:Cotswold District
Category:Places formerly in Wiltshire | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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CTI Electronics Corporation
CTI Electronics Corporation is a manufacturer of industrial computer peripherals such as rugged keyboards, pointing devices, motion controllers, analog joysticks, USB keypads and many other industrial, military, medical, or aerospace grade input devices. CTI Electronics Corporation products are made in the United States and it is a well-known supplier of input devices to some of the most notable private defense contractors in the world, including Lockheed Martin, DRS Technologies, Computer Sciences Corporation, General Dynamics, BAE Systems, L3 Communications, AAI, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon, Boeing, Thales Group and many more companies that provide security and defense around the world. CTI also supplies Homeland Security and United States Department of Defense supporting their efforts in protecting and serving the country and military personnel of the United States.
Background
CTI Electronics Corporation was started in 1986 and is currently located in Stratford, Connecticut.
Industries
CTI's products are used all over the world in a variety of industries and specialize in highly reliable industrial-grade input devices for use harsh environments. Its products are currently being used in the control systems of UAVs, UUVs, and UGVs. CTI has also donated industrial joysticks to students of UW-Madison to for research into the Standing Paraplegic Omni-directional Transport (SPOT)
These products are not only used for military but are also used in the medical, industrial, and aerospace industries all over the world.
Product certifications
NEMA 4
NEMA 4X
NEMA 12
IP54
IP66
RoHS
CE
ISO 9001:2008
References
External links
CTI Electronics Home Page
Category:Computer companies of the United States
Category:Computer peripheral companies
Category:Computer companies established in 1986
Category:Electronics companies established in 1986
Category:Companies based in Fairfield County, Connecticut
Category:1986 establishments in the United States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Tatsuo Sasaki
Tatsuo Sasaki may refer to:
, Japanese musician
, Japanese sport wrestler | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Dave Magadan
David Joseph Magadan (born September 30, 1962) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player. He retired as an MLB player after a 16-year career as an above average hitting first and third baseman. He is the cousin and godson of former manager Lou Piniella.
Early years
Magadan was listed at 6'4", 245 lbs, batted from the left side, and threw from the right. While a student at Jesuit High School of Tampa, Magadan was drafted by the Boston Red Sox in the twelfth round of the 1980 Major League Baseball draft, but elected not to sign and remain in school. His status as a prospect improved after he led West Tampa Memorial Post No. 248 to a win against a team from Richmond, Virginia in the American Legion World Series and was named series Most Valuable Player. He also received the George W. Rulon American Legion Baseball Player of the Year award.
After high school, Magadan attended the University of Alabama, where, in , his .525 batting average led the entire National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), while setting an SEC Southeastern Conference record, and is still the fifth best in NCAA history. After defeating Michigan and Arizona State University twice, Alabama lost to the University of Texas at Austin in the 1983 College World Series. Magadan was named the All-Tournament Team's first baseman. He also was selected as an AP All-American, was named the starting designated hitter on The Sporting News'''s college All-America team, received College Player of the Year honors from Baseball America'' and won USA Baseball's Golden Spikes Award as the best amateur baseball player. His .439 career batting average is the SEC record and tenth best in NCAA history.
Minor leagues
Following his breakthrough season at Alabama, Magadan was selected by the New York Mets with the 32nd overall pick of the 1983 Major League Baseball draft, early in the second round. He was assigned to the South Atlantic League's Columbia Mets, with whom he batted .336 with three home runs.
Magadan did not hit any home runs his next two seasons, and did not display power as a prospect, but consistently hit for a high batting average and displayed excellent plate discipline, with a low strikeout rate and twice as many walks as strikeouts. He advanced steadily through the system, and was a September call-up for the championship squad.
Major league career
New York Mets
He made his major league debut on September 7, pinch hitting for Kevin Elster, and hit a double in his first major league at-bat. He won the hearts of Mets fans in his first major league start on September 17, by hitting three singles, and reaching on an error in his four at-bats, and collecting two RBIs in the Mets' National League Eastern division clincher. For the season, Magadan went eight for eighteen for a .444 batting average. Although he arrived too late in the 1986 season to join their postseason roster for their World Series championship run, he was given a World Series ring in 1995 for this, nine years after the series.
Blocked at third base by Howard Johnson and at first by Keith Hernandez, Magadan still found his way into the lineup on a semi-regular basis in and . He hit his first major league home run April 20, 1987. He provided a quality bat in late-inning situations and a capable spot starter whenever a regular needed a day off. Manager Davey Johnson even went so far as to move Johnson to shortstop for 30 games a year, just to get Magadan more playing time. Magadan became the Mets' regular first baseman in when injuries limited Hernandez to 75 games and a .233 batting average. Contrary to early reports of a mediocre glove, Magadan proved himself to be adequate at first, though certainly not in Hernandez' class.
Hernandez's contract expired after the season, and the Mets opted not to offer him a contract for the 1990 season. However, instead of giving the starting job to Magadan, the Mets traded Juan Samuel to the Los Angeles Dodgers and received Mike Marshall in return, with the intent of starting him at first. Marshall batted only .239 for the Mets, and had lost his starting job to Magadan by the time he was dealt to the Boston Red Sox on July 27. Magadan batted .328, which ranked third in the league, and his .417 on-base percentage was good for second place. He also ranked eighth in walks and fifth in sacrifice flies, and even drew four points in MVP voting.
Magadan entered the 1991 season as the starting first baseman for the Mets, but his numbers went down significantly. He only managed to bat .258 for the season, with 108 hits, and missed most of the last two months of the season with shoulder injuries. The Mets once again went outside the organization to bring in a first baseman in the off season and brought in Eddie Murray, another former Dodger and eventual Hall of Famer, to fill the role. This time, Magadan stayed in the lineup as he was moved to third base permanently while Howard Johnson was moved to the outfield. He was limited again by injuries to 99 games but managed a .283 average.
Florida Marlins, Seattle Mariners, and back
Magadan signed with the expansion Florida Marlins on December 8, 1992, and was in the starting line-up for their inaugural season opener, going one for four in the Marlins' 6-3 victory over the Dodgers on April 5, 1993. Before the midway point of the season, he was traded to the Seattle Mariners for Henry Cotto and Jeff Darwin. For the season Magadan's average was .273, as he recorded the most hits he'd had since his breakout 1990 season with 124. He also stayed relatively healthy when compared to the previous two seasons, playing in 137 games. He also became part of a historic moment on September 22, 1993, as the Mariners played host to the Texas Rangers inside the Kingdome. In the first inning, with the Mariners leading 5-0, he stepped in against Nolan Ryan. While Magadan was batting, Ryan suffered a torn ligament in his pitching elbow and had to be removed from the game; as Ryan had already announced he would be retiring following the season, Magadan proved to be the last batter Ryan would ever face.
After the season the Mariners traded Magadan back to Florida in exchange for Jeff Darwin, one of the players they traded to acquire him. He played in only 74 games for the Marlins in 1994 and became a free agent after the season.
Houston Astros
Taking a pay cut, Magadan agreed to terms with the Houston Astros on a one-year deal for 1995. Magadan found himself once again with a starting job in Houston, batting .313 as their regular third baseman. Still, the Astros chose not to re-sign Magadan at the end of the season, choosing instead to acquire Sean Berry from the Montreal Expos to play third.
Chicago Cubs
Magadan signed with the Chicago Cubs in . Injuries and a gold glove first baseman (Mark Grace) limited him to pinch hitting duties, and he batted only .254, and was used sparingly by manager Jim Riggleman.
Oakland A's
After 1996, he signed a one-year deal with the Oakland Athletics at the end of the season, and made 328 plate appearances in , splitting his time fairly evenly between first, third and designated hitter. He batted .303 with four home runs, and re-signed with the A's at the end of the season. While Magadan received far less playing time in , he still emerged with a .321 batting average.
San Diego Padres
Magadan signed with the San Diego Padres in to back up first and third base. He made his first career appearance as a shortstop for the Padres in , and in , he made his only appearance at second base.
Magadan had a career .994 fielding percentage at first base and .951 at third base.
Coaching career
After his retirement as a player, Magadan was hired by the Padres as their minor league hitting instructor in , and served as their major league batting coach from to . On June 15, 2006, with the Padres batting .252 as a team (last in the National League), Magadan was fired by Padres GM Kevin Towers and replaced by former Padres hitting coach Merv Rettenmund. Their .322 in on-base percentage and .391 slugging percentage was second to last to the Chicago Cubs.
On October 20, 2006, Magadan was named hitting coach for the Boston Red Sox. In his first season on the job, Magadan's Red Sox would go on to see great improvements in batting average (.269 to .279), slugging percentage (.435 to .444) and on-base percentage (.351 to .362), and led the American League with 689 walks. In , Boston would finally end their archrival New York Yankees' nine-year run as American League Eastern division champions, and went on to sweep the Colorado Rockies in the 2007 World Series. The team batted .333 in the World Series.
The Red Sox were among the league leaders in all batting categories again in , leading the major leagues with a .358 on-base percentage and 646 walks, and ranking second in the American League in batting average (.280), runs (845), doubles (353), RBIs (807) and total bases (2,503), and finishing third in slugging percentage (.447).
Magadan was suspended for one game on June 26, for arguing balls and strikes with home plate umpire Bob Davidson on June 24. While still making the post season as a wild card, the Red Sox saw a substantial dip in all categories in 2009, and were eliminated in the first round of the playoffs against the Los Angeles Angels.
On October 19, 2012, Magadan was named hitting coach for the Texas Rangers. He left the team after the 2015 season.
On November 25, 2015, Magadan was hired as the hitting coach for the Arizona Diamondbacks.
On October 1, 2018, the Arizona Diamondbacks mutually agreed to part ways with Dave Magadan. Arizona was one of the worst-hitting teams in all of baseball with a .235 batting average for the 2018 season.
During the 2018 winter meetings in Las Vegas, Magadan was hired to be the hitting coach for the Colorado Rockies.
References
External links
Dave Magadan at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
Category:1962 births
Category:Living people
Category:Alabama Crimson Tide baseball players
Category:Arizona Diamondbacks coaches
Category:Baseball players from Florida
Category:Boston Red Sox coaches
Category:Chicago Cubs players
Category:College Baseball Hall of Fame inductees
Category:Colorado Rockies (baseball) coaches
Category:Columbia Mets players
Category:Daytona Cubs players
Category:Florida Marlins players
Category:Golden Spikes Award winners
Category:Houston Astros players
Category:Iowa Cubs players
Category:Jackson Mets players
Category:Lynchburg Mets players
Category:Major League Baseball first basemen
Category:Major League Baseball hitting coaches
Category:Major League Baseball third basemen
Category:New York Mets players
Category:Oakland Athletics players
Category:San Diego Padres coaches
Category:San Diego Padres players
Category:Seattle Mariners players
Category:Sportspeople from Tampa, Florida
Category:Texas Rangers coaches
Category:Tidewater Tides players
Category:Jesuit High School (Tampa) alumni
Category:All-American college baseball players | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Daniel Goossens
Daniel Goossens (born May 16, 1954) is a French cartoonist born in Salon-de-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône.
Biography
Goossens began his career in the magazine Pionniers. After a short spell at Pilote magazine, he began contributing to the monthly magazine Fluide Glacial in 1977, and became one of its authors. Later, his work also appeared in Le Petit Psikopat Illustré (ancestor of current Psikopat) and Rigolo.
Apart from his work with comic strips, Daniel Goossens is a lecturer and researcher in artificial intelligence at the University of Paris VIII.
Goossens was awarded the Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême in 1997.
Style
Goossens's comics are built on a clash between semi-realistic art and surreal content. He relishes regurgitating clichéd situations from literature, film and television, and introducing odd twists. (His classic Route vers l'enfer book is a war film pastiche starring Father Christmas.) Particular attention is paid to dialogues, which often drag on past all logic, and include much stuttering, mumbling and other noises rendered phonetically. Most of his comic books are collections of short stories, with a loose common thread. Like his mentor Gotlib, Goossens has also often used a mock-encyclopedic tone. Some of his works contain astonishing and disturbing scenes, such as a gang of children stoning Father Christmas, or a woman bringing her baby's skeleton to the doctor.
References
Category:1954 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Salon-de-Provence
Category:French cartoonists
Category:Artificial intelligence researchers
Category:Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême winners | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Ioannes Kegen
Ioannes Kegen was a Pecheneg military commander who served under shah Tyrach in 1048, whose quarrel led to the Pecheneg revolt of 1048-1053. Kegen and his followers took refuge in Paristrion and appealed to Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos for help. He appeal was warmly accepted, resulting in his being named patrician, converting to Christianity and his tribe recognized as foederati. Kegen’s was to protect a sector of the empire from invasion, but continued to harass Tyrach. Tyrach responded by a massive invasion of Byzantium, but, once defeated, was allowed keep his army to aid in defending the empire against Seljuk incursions. Tyrach instead turned to rebellion and was arrested. Kegen was sent to replace him, but upon rumors of insurrection, he was also arrested. The emperor again turned to Tyrach to lead the Pecheneg, but instead rebelled and was defeated at a decisive battle at Adrianople in 1050. Kegen was sent by the emperor as an emissary to the Pecheneg, but was killed as a traitor.
References
Baldwin, Marshall W., and Setton, Kenneth M, A History of the Crusades: Volume One, The First Hundred Years, The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1969, (available on-line), pgs. 183-185
Kaldellis, Anthony, Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood: The Rise and Fall of Byzantium, 955 A.D. to the First Crusade. (Onassis Series in Hellenic Culture), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2017, (on-line), pgs. 193, 199-200
Kazhdan, Alexander P., Editor, The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1991, pgs. 1118-1119, 1613-1614
Category:Pechenegs | {
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Garrha atripunctatella
Garrha atripunctatella is a moth in the family Oecophoridae. It was described by Turner in 1896. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland and New South Wales.
The wingspan is 19–22 mm. The forewings are pale pinkish-grey with jet-black markings. There is a discal dot before the middle, a second beyond the middle, a third on the fold obliquely beyond the first and a row of dots from the costa before the middle obliquely outwards, sharply bent in the disc at five-sixths, and continued to the hindmargin before the anal angle. There is also a very variable number of dots or scattered black scales in the disc and a row of black dots along the apical third of the costa and from the hindmargin to the anal angle. The hindwings are whitish, the apex and hindmargin sometimes pale-fuscous.
The larvae feed on the dead leaves of Eucalyptus signata. They construct a case from two oval pieces of a dead leaf of the host plant joined with silk.
References
Category:Moths described in 1896
Category:Garrha | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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State of the Union Address 1946
#redirect1946 State of the Union Address | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jon Istad
Jon Istad (29 July 1937 – 17 May 2012) was a Norwegian biathlete and sport shooter.
He was born in Voss and represented the club Voss IL. He was the father of Sverre Istad and uncle of Gro Marit Istad, both Olympians.
He competed at the 1960, 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics, and all three times finished eleventh in the 20 kilometres. In 1968 he also won a silver medal with the Norwegian relay team. At the World Championships he won a gold medal in the 20 km event in 1966 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, becoming the second biathlon world champion in Norway's history. In addition, he won two gold medals in relay in 1966 and 1967 and a silver medal in 1969. He was Norwegian champion in the 20 kilometres five times, and once in the relay.
Istad was also a national champion, European Championships bronze medalist and World Championships silver medalist (in the team competition) in sport shooting. He died in May 2012.
Biathlon results
All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.
Olympic Games
1 medal (1 silver)
*The relay was added as an event in 1968.
World Championships
7 medals (3 gold, 1 silver, 3 bronze)
*During Olympic seasons competitions are only held for those events not included in the Olympic program.
**The team (time) event was removed in 1965, whilst the relay was added in 1966.
References
External links
Category:1937 births
Category:2012 deaths
Category:People from Voss
Category:Norwegian male biathletes
Category:Norwegian male sport shooters
Category:Biathletes at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Category:Biathletes at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Category:Biathletes at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Category:Olympic biathletes of Norway
Category:Medalists at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Category:Olympic medalists in biathlon
Category:Olympic silver medalists for Norway
Category:Biathlon World Championships medalists | {
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Gelechia mediterranea
Gelechia mediterranea is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in France, Spain and Greece, as well as on Sardinia and Crete.
The length of the forewings 5-5.5 mm. The forewings are blackish-brown. The hindwings are greyish-brown with brownish scales. Adults are on wing from the end of June to the beginning of September, probably in two generations per year.
The larvae possibly feed on Acer species.
References
Category:Moths described in 1991
Category:Gelechia | {
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La Vérité (film)
La Vérité (occasionally released under its English translation The Truth) is a 1960 French film directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot, and starring Brigitte Bardot. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
Plot
Two young lovers, Dominique and Gilbert, are found in the aftermath of an attempted murder-suicide. Gilbert is dead from multiple gunshots, while Dominique is unconscious and near death from gas inhalation. Dominique is revived, arrested, and put on trial for the murder of Gilbert. Her life story and the circumstances leading up to the crime are recounted in detail, leading to a series of flashbacks intercut with the trial.
Dominique is the elder of two sisters, who live in a small provincial town with their parents. The younger sister, Annie, is a studious aspiring violinist, while Dominique avoids work and leads a directionless, leisurely lifestyle. When Annie moves to Paris for music school, Dominique wants to join her, overdosing on pills when their parents refuse. After this, Dominique gets her way and the sisters move in together. Dominique falls in with a group of rebellious young intellectuals, earning herself a reputation for promiscuity. Gilbert, an ambitious young conductor, befriends Annie and visits the apartment, finding a nude Dominique who flirts with him. After this, Annie kicks Dominique out of the apartment.
Gilbert becomes infatuated with Dominique, though they are polar opposites in terms of values and personality. Eventually they begin a turbulent relationship, during which Dominique takes an uncharacteristically long amount of time to consent to Gilbert's sexual advances, impulsively sleeping around with other men in the meantime. Gilbert is jealous and frustrated, but remains committed to Dominique. After they finally consummate their relationship, he proposes to her but she refuses. They move in together, but their differing lifestyles lead to further contention, and Dominique cheats on him, after which he beats her. The landlady evicts Dominique from Gilbert's flat, leading her to take a job at a restaurant to pay her own rent. Gilbert becomes suspicious that Dominique is involved with the restaurant owner, Toussaint. This leads to an emotional breakup, as Dominique insists nothing is going on with Toussaint while Gilbert refuses to believe her.
Dominique sleeps with Toussaint after the breakup, then quits her job and becomes homeless, turning to prostitution. While visiting her hometown for her father's funeral, she learns that Annie is now engaged to Gilbert. Dominique visits Gilbert, begging him to take her back. He accepts her advances and sleeps with her once more, then coldly turns her away the next morning. Dominique promptly steps in front of a bus, though she survives with minimal injury and denies that it was a suicide attempt. Later that day, Gilbert hastily finalizes his marriage vows to Annie. Dominique purchases a gun and sneaks back to Gilbert's apartment, initially claiming she intends to kill herself in front of him. As Gilbert berates and insults her, she turns the gun on him instead, emptying it into him and leaving her without a bullet to commit suicide. After the shooting, she breaks down sobbing then seemingly laughing. Her suicide attempt with the gas line is not shown until its aftermath.
Over the course of the trial, Dominique's defense attorney Guerin characterizes the killing as an impulsive crime of passion borne out of genuine love for Gilbert, while the prosecutor, Eparvier, attacks and condemns Dominique as manipulative and selfish, engineering the entire relationship and the eventual murder out of resentment towards Annie; Eparvier also calls into question the seriousness of Dominique's various suicide attempts. Dominique grows increasingly emotional over the course of the trial. Guerin adapts his defense strategy to portray Gilbert as the manipulator and Dominique as the victim; this finally drives Dominique to an outburst, insisting to the courtroom that she and Gilbert genuinely loved each other. That night, she attempts suicide again, slitting her wrist. This time she is successful, and the judge announces her death to the court the following day, dismissing the case. Despite their impassioned arguments during the trial, Eparvier and Guerin quickly resume their friendly rapport the moment the trial is over. Eparvier is slightly shaken by the suicide and expresses guilt over his own culpability, whereas Guerin is indifferent and reassures his colleague it is simply a “professional hazard” while turning his attention to the next case.
Cast
Brigitte Bardot as Dominique Marceau
Charles Vanel as Maître Guérin
Paul Meurisse as Maître Éparvier
Sami Frey as Gilbert Tellier
Marie-José Nat as Annie Marceau
Louis Seigner as Le président des assises
André Oumansky as Ludovic
René Blancard as L'avocat général
Fernand Ledoux as Le médecin légiste
Claude Berri as Georges
Production
Jean-Paul Belmondo, Jean-Pierre Cassel, and Jean Louis Trintignant were all considered for the lead role - Trintignant was Bardot's choice - before Clouzot decided to go with Sami Frey.
Philippe Leroy-Beaulieu, one of the male leads, was fired during shooting. Leroy-Beaulieu then sued the producer for damages of 300,000 francs. Charrier had a nervous breakdown, and was hospitalised for two months. Vera Clouzot had a nervous breakdown in July. In August, Clouzot had a heart attack, and filming was suspended for a week. Also, Bardot's secretary of four years sold secrets about her to the press.
During filming, Bardot had an affair with Sami Frey, which resulting in her breaking up with her then-husband Jacques Charrier. In September 1960, Bardot had an argument with Charrier, and then attempted suicide by slashing her wrist. (Charrier had earlier attempted suicide himself.)
Reception
Box Office
In the words of The New York Times, "probably no film in recent years - at least in France - has been subjected to so much advance attention. Two years in the planning, six months in the shooting, sets sealed to the press, and all culminating in the suicide attempt of the drama's star, Brigitte Bardot. The public had been told that Clouzot was turning B. B. into a real actress."
The film was a massive box office hit in France, Bardot's biggest ever success at the box office, and the third most popular film of the year (after Ben Hur and Le Bossu).
Critical reception
The Los Angeles Times called the film "an amazing picture, a tour de force from all concerned. It is at once immoral, amoral, and strangely moral".
See also
List of submissions to the 33rd Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
List of French submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
References
External links
Review of film at The New York Times
La vérité: Women on Trial an essay by Ginette Vincendeau at the Criterion Collection
Category:1960 films
Category:French-language films
Category:1960s crime drama films
Category:French films
Category:French crime drama films
Category:French black-and-white films
Category:Courtroom films
Category:Films directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot
Category:Films with screenplays by Henri-Georges Clouzot | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Cardinal O'Brien
Cardinal O'Brien may refer to:
Edwin Frederick O'Brien, age , American cardinal and grand master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre and former archbishop of Baltimore.
Keith O'Brien, (1938-2018), disgraced Scottish cardinal and former archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh. | {
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French ship Siroco
At least four ships of the French Navy have borne the name Siroco:
was a launched in 1901 and struck in 1925.
was a launched in 1925 and sunk in 1940
was a launched in 1939 as Le Corsaire and renamed Siroco in 1941. She was scuttled in 1942
was a launched in 1996. She was sold to Brazil in 2015 and renamed Bahia
Category:French Navy ship names | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Happy 7
Happy 7 may refer to:
Happy Seven, anime series
Happy 7, Hello! Project shuffle units | {
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Živkovac
Živkovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Живковац) is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Grocka.
Živkovac is located in the northern Šumadija region and it is the easternmost settlement in the municipality and of the City of Belgrade. It is situated on the Ralja river, on both the railway Belgrade-Požarevac and the highway Belgrade-Niš, 44 km southeast of Belgrade and 15 km south of the municipal seat of Grocka.
Živkovac is also the smallest of all settlements in the municipality, with population of 438 in 1991 and 380 in 2002. It is statistically classified as a rural settlement (village) and its economy is solely based on agriculture.
Category:Suburbs of Belgrade
Category:Šumadija | {
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Alex Tse
Alex Tse (born 1976) is an American screenwriter who wrote the 2004 gangster film Sucker Free City, co-wrote the 2009 superhero film Watchmen, and wrote the 2018 film Superfly. He is also a writer and executive producer for the 2019 series Wu-Tang: An American Saga.
Tse grew up in San Francisco and attended Emerson College in Boston.
Background
Alex Tse, a Chinese American, was born in 1976 to a banker father and a teacher mother. He grew up in Richmond District in San Francisco. He went to Alamo Elementary School, Presidio Middle School, and Lowell High School in the area. When Tse was growing up, his parents were movie fans, and he was incidentally exposed to movies not appropriate for his age like Heavy Metal, Prom Night, and Altered States. His father's favorite film was The Godfather, and the family would watch two films every Christmas, such as To Live and Die in L.A..
Tse attended Emerson College in Boston. When Tse was a first-year student at Emerson, he explored journalism as a career by having a radio show and realized that it was not his aspiration. He saw Pulp Fiction and was inspired by the film to pursue a screenwriting career. He described Pulp Fictions influence on him:
After Tse graduated from college, he moved to Los Angeles in December 1998 to pursue a writing career. He worked for under three years producing rap videos and working part-time jobs for Miramax Films and Walt Disney Pictures. One of his first productions was the music video for the single "You Never Knew" from the album 3rd Eye Vision by Hieroglyphics, and the video eventually aired on Yo! MTV Raps. His work attracted the attention of other independent rappers, for whom he also produced videos. He was encouraged to begin temping and found temp work at Disney, particularly under then-president Peter Schneider. Tse also learned more about screenwriting by reading scripts, with two noteworthy examples being the onomatopoeia in James Mangold's script for Heavy and the sarcasm in the narrative for Man on the Moon.
Career
After three years of small jobs, Tse sold to television-based Showtime a script called 87 Fleer, about four middle-class kids from the Richmond District. The company was impressed with his script and encouraged him to write a pilot about gangs. By June 2002, Tse submitted a first-story outline titled The Game for a potential television series. By the following September, the outline was developed into a full script that eventually became the Showtime television movie Sucker Free City (2004), directed by Spike Lee. For the film, Tse won a literary award from PEN Center USA for best teleplay, and he was nominated for best screenplay (original or adapted) for the 2006 Black Reel Awards. After Sucker Free City was released, Tse and Lee discussed the possibility of producing a feature film based on Tse's first script 87 Fleer. Tse developed a script for an untitled project for the singer Ashanti. He also developed a script for a remake of Super Fly (1972) for Warner Bros. and Silver. Tse said that the remake "had nothing to do with the original" and that it evolved into a possible film titled Gangland.
After Sucker Free City, Tse performed uncredited production rewrites for such films as House of Wax, Step Up, and its sequel, Step Up 2: The Streets. He was also attached as screenwriter to adapt the following films that went unproduced: the 1951 science-fiction short-story collection The Illustrated Man and the 2005 American thriller novel The Winter of Frankie Machine. Tse's major screenwriting debut came when he was a co-writer for the 2009 superhero film Watchmen, which was directed by Zack Snyder. He and fellow screenwriter David Hayter were nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Writing for Watchmen. After Watchmen, Tse was attached to adapt the following films that went unproduced: 1961 children's book The Phantom Tollbooth and the 2005 science fiction novel The Traveler. In 2012, Tse said he was planning to make his directorial debut with 87 Fleer. Toward the end of 2013, Tse was hired by Columbia Pictures to write the script for a film adaptation of the racing video game series Gran Turismo. The Hollywood Reporter called Tse "one of the bigger names in genre screenwriting" for his work on the following films that went unproduced: a remake of The Crow, a live-action remake of the anime film Ninja Scroll, a film adaptation of the graphic novel Battling Boy by Paul Pope, and a remake of Highlander.
Tse optioned in 2014 the rights to the 2010 graphic novel Tribes: The Dog Years by Michael Geszel and Peter Spinetta with an interest in writing and producing a film adaptation. In 2017, the film was in development with Tse executive producing with Joel Silver's Silver Pictures. Later in the year, Sony Pictures bought the rights to Super Fly to remake the film based on a script by Tse. The remake, titled Superfly, premiered in June 2018.
In April 2018, Alex Tse was writing the screenplay for The Last Masters, a martial arts action thriller that is a US-China co-production between Global Road Entertainment and Tang Media Partners. In the following October, Hulu ordered the ten-episode drama Wu-Tang: An American Saga, a series about the American hip hop group Wu-Tang Clan. The series, which premiered in September 2019, was created and written by The RZA and Tse.
Credits
Personal life
Tse's favorite films include Annie Hall and Major League.
In 2006, Tse married Lisa, a graphic designer.
See also
History of the Chinese Americans in San Francisco
References
External links
Category:1976 births
Category:American male screenwriters
Category:American writers of Chinese descent
Category:Emerson College alumni
Category:Living people
Category:Lowell High School (San Francisco) alumni
Category:Writers from San Francisco
Category:Screenwriters from California | {
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Trống cơm
A trống cơm, literally "rice drum", is a kind of traditional barrel-shaped Vietnamese drum, similar to the Chinese yaogu, and the Khmer Skor sang na. It is used in the hát bội orchestra. Hát chèo also uses the drum in its repertoire.
Trống cơm is a long cylindrical drum with percussional surfaces at both ends. When stationary, it is placed transverse in front of the performer who would strike at the two ends with his hands. Drumsticks are also used. Trống cơm can be played by an performing arts performances when it is worn with a sash and slung over the shoulders, leaving the drum transverse in front of the abdomen.
The drum earns its name "rice" as a layer of cooked rice is smeared on the surface to "tune" it, similar to how drums in Cambodia and Thailand are tuned. The two surfaces are set five notes apart.
References
Category:Vietnamese musical instruments
Category:Drums | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Suteh Zar
Suteh Zar (, also Romanized as Sūteh Zār) is a village in Sanjabad-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Kowsar County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported.
References
Tageo
Category:Towns and villages in Kowsar County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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H. B. Sugg High School
H.B. Sugg High School was a top K-12 educational institution founded in 1903, based at S. George St., Farmville, NC. It was closed on July 4, 1999.
Academic
Named after Herman Bryan Sugg, H.B. Sugg Elementary School is in Farmville, North Carolina. The Farmville Colored School was renamed H.B. Sugg in 1951. The son of slaves, Herman Bryan Sugg grew up hearing stories of his father’s escape from slavery in Greene County to link up with General Sherman’s Union Army as it marched through the Carolinas. Sugg heard of how his father was forced to sleep outdoors, like a dog, and how his mother was fortunate enough to have been taught to read by her masters. From this, H.B. Sugg rose from poverty to become a successful leader and molder of future generations. Stories of his parents’ experiences as slaves doubtlessly colored the imagination of H.B. Sugg as he struggled to attain an education. With the shadow of slavery’s injustices still fresh in the minds of many in the South, H.B. Sugg was able to rise above the challenges that faced him through hard work, dedicated study, and personal initiative to become an educational leader in Farmville, North Carolina.
In the post-slavery United States, H.B. Sugg’s life experiences were varied. He was born and reared on a farm in Greene County near Snow Hill. His early life consisted of farm labor and occasional elementary schooling. Sugg’s formal education was obtained at the Mary Potter Memorial School at Oxford, NC, and later at Lincoln University in Oxford, Pennsylvania. As a youth, Sugg commented that work on the farm often superseded the demands to be at school for most kids. But Sugg loved going to school so much that he found ways to be there. Sugg stated: “I’d do my share of the work. I’d get up early and feed the stock or do whatever else I was told. After school and on Saturdays, I’d have to do big jobs like hauling wagonloads of firewood for the coming week. I’ve picked cotton many a time by moonlight so I’d be free to go to school the next day.”
In his mid-twenties Sugg attended Mary Potter School in Oxford, North Carolina. Sugg lived in a dormitory on campus while pursuing his studies at Mary Potter, and he continued to work before and after school and during the summers to pay for tuition and books. “In the summers I worked in the tobacco factory in Durham and also did some gardening there.” Following graduation from the Mary Potter School, Sugg went to Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and earned his B.S. degree in teaching. During his time as a student in Pennsylvania, Sugg continued to work to pay his way: Sugg “milked cows, fed stock, and cut wood to pay my way there. I also worked summers as a waiter on a passenger steamship which ran from New York to Massachusetts . . .”
Upon graduation from Lincoln, Sugg worked for six years in Lillington, North Carolina as well as serving as principal-teacher in Greene County for only a brief period of time. Military service during World War I interrupted Sugg’s teaching career. Following his military service, Sugg began a career as principal of the school in Farmville. From 1918 to 1959, Sugg served as a teacher and principal in Farmville, North Carolina. Additional work outside of the classroom did not cease once Sugg came to Farmville: “I’d have to do odd jobs at night and go to Durham to work in the tobacco factory just to support my family.
Sugg’s leadership in Farmville saw the Farmville Colored School grow from a four-room makeshift hotel hall school house into a brick and mortar building consisting of thirty-two rooms and thirty-four teachers. Sugg said that in 1918 “there were 54 different colored schools in Pitt County. All of these were little frame shacks and were one, two, and three teacher schools. The successful growth of what became H.B. Sugg school is an inspiring one in itself. Sugg recalled that in 1922, he and his students helped construct the new location of their school: “ The new school was built on State land which had been cleared of woods by Sugg and ‘his boys’ after school hours and on Saturdays. [Tree] stumps which were too large to be dug or chopped out were dynamited by farmers whom Sugg hired with his own money.” Sugg created a school that consisted of the best features of the classical and vocational models of schooling that predominated during his formative period as an educator. The school's teachers continuously reinforced the 3 R’s as a way for students to acquire the literacy and numeracy skills to learn the European and Black classics. Teachers like Hazel Lawrence Jordan taught Shakespeare and Chaucer without sacrificing the work of the poets and novelists of the Harlem Renaissance. Lillie Graham taught advanced mathematics classes ranging from geometry to calculus and the school had a storied tradition of winning local and state awards in the biological and physical sciences due to the work of Mr. B. Meeks Briggs, Mr. Armistead, Mrs. Mebane and others. The great Roberta Flack taught music and directed a school chorus that won many local awards and performed a variety of musical compositions ranging from Negro spirituals, popular music, show tunes, and classical music sung in Latin. Mr. John l. Burge led a phenomenal school band that played marches, jazz, popular music, and classical fare. The school had a variety of co-curricular clubs and activities that included the Crown and Scepter Club (an honor society) debate teams, 4-H club, oratorical societies, boy and girl scout troops, and various social organizations supported by parents like Hazel and Nathan Cobb and the Redding family. The Farmville Colored School -- renamed after H.B. Sugg in 1951 -- grew to include a Home Economics Department, Industrial Arts course, a “52 piece band,” as well as a “gymnatorium.”
The school produced teachers, engineers, physicians, lawyers, college professors, entertainers, ministers, writers, scientists, and even a watch maker.
Dr. Alma Hobbs has worked at the highest levels of the United States Department of Agriculture. She also is the author of Living with Love, A Transformation of Contentment, harmony, Joy and Peace.
Dr. Edward Joyner was an assistant professor of child development at the Yale Medical School, and the Executive Director of an international school reform program (the School Development Program). Joyner has also co-authored six books dealing with school reform and child and adolescent development.
Dr. William Burge is a radiologist in Oakland and San Francisco. He also has a Ph.D in bio-chemistry from Duke University. The Johnson family produced Thomas (electrical engineer); Hazel (dentist) and Cynthia (professor of sociology). Their mother raised her children as a single parent after the premature death of her husband. Blenda Gay played professional football for the Oakland Raiders and the Philadelphia Eagles.
Sugg achieved success because of his never faltering faith in the dignity of man and the value of education for all children. The most fruitful years of his life were dedicated to the advancement of a constantly expanding Farmville community. Success has crowned his efforts. A picture and caption in the Daily Reflector on January 1927 clearly captures a moment in time that displayed the level of respect children had for him: In the picture an impeccably well dressed H.B. Sugg, clad in suit jacket, tie, and hat stands amid four young, and smiling, middle school aged African American children: “ARE YOU THE REAL MR. SUGG?”
Principals
H.B. Sugg
F.H. Mebane
R. Harvey
F. Graham
Sports
Notable athletes
Blenda Gay (played for the Philadelphia Eagles)
Coaches
Jerome T. Evans (Black Coach, Pat Jordan, 1971)
J.C. Twitty
Raymond Nobles
Thomas Liverman
Claude Clark
Clarence Knight
References
Digest: The Pitt County Teachers Association, October 6, 1961.
He Loved Learning and He Shared It. Daily Reflector, January 27, 1974.
Sugg Watched, Helped School Growth (undated, found in Sheppard Memorial Library) Daily Reflector. Compiled by S.A. Hill, local teacher and amateur historian. Additional sources compiled by Dr. Edward Joyner, Associate Professor of Education at Sacred Heart University.
Category:Defunct schools in North Carolina
Category:Schools in Pitt County, North Carolina | {
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Bartlett's method
In time series analysis, Bartlett's method (also known as the method of averaged periodograms), is used for estimating power spectra. It provides a way to reduce the variance of the periodogram in exchange for a reduction of resolution, compared to standard periodograms. A final estimate of the spectrum at a given frequency is obtained by averaging the estimates from the periodograms (at the same frequency) derived from a non-overlapping portions of the original series.
The method is used in physics, engineering, and applied mathematics. Common applications of Bartlett's method are frequency response measurements and general spectrum analysis.
The method is named after M. S. Bartlett who first proposed it.
Definition and procedure
Bartlett’s method consists of the following steps:
The original N point data segment is split up into K (non-overlapping) data segments, each of length M
For each segment, compute the periodogram by computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT version which does not divide by M), then computing the squared magnitude of the result and dividing this by M.
Average the result of the periodograms above for the K data segments.
The averaging reduces the variance, compared to the original N point data segment.
The end result is an array of power measurements vs. frequency "bin".
Related methods
The Welch method: this is a method that uses a modified version of Bartlett’s method in which the portions of the series contributing to each periodogram are allowed to overlap.
Periodogram smoothing.
References
Further reading
Category:Frequency-domain analysis
Category:Digital signal processing
Category:Waves | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Veede
Veede (English: Him) is a 2003 Telugu action film directed by Ravi Raja Pinisetty. This film stars Ravi Teja, Arti Agarwal, Reema Sen, and Sayaji Shinde. The film is a remake of Tamil movie Dhool (2003), which was also remade in Sinhala as Ranja, in Punjabi as The Lion of Punjab, and Bengali as Ghatak. Sayaji Shinde, Telangana Shakuntala, and Pasupathy reprise their roles from the original. The film was also later dubbed in Hindi as Ek Aur Zaalim in 2009.
Plot
Yedukondalu (Ravi Teja) is an uneducated, head strong youth in Bobbarlanka village. He and his village heads decide to close down the nearby factory by appealing to politicians as its letting out a lot of pollutants into the river which is the main source of food, water and livelihood for them. He and another girl Mangatayaru (Aarti Agarwal) are sent to Hyderabad to appeal to MLA of their constituency - Byragi Naidu (Sayaji Shinde). They stay at a friend's place, (Ali's house) and try to get their work done by the minister. In the process many hurdles come across them. Yedukondalu roughs up a few of the MLA's goons and is always at loggerheads with his henchmen. After all this, Byragi Naidu begins to show his true colors and plans to butcher Edu Kondalu as he is forming as an obstruction to his underground activities, unknowingly. Then, the protagonist of the story decides to teach the MLA a lesson, get his job done of closing down the factory. Swapna (Reema Sen) is a journalist who stays in Yedukondalu's locality and has a heavy crush on him. She also helps him in pinning down the minister. The remaining plot is how intelligently Yedukondalu outclasses the minister and earns good name. Also in the plot, the hero makes use of Shakeela's films to defame the minister and she herself makes an appearance in the film.
Cast
Ravi Teja .... Yedukondalu
Aarti Agarwal .... Mangatayaru "Manga"
Reema Sen .... Swapna
Sayaji Shinde .... MLA Byragi Naidu
Ali .... Sunny
Manoj K. Jayan .... Venkateshwara Rao
Nalini .... Swarnakka
Shakeela .... Shakeela
M S Narayana ....
Venu Madhav ....
Dharmavarapu Subramanyam .... Subramanyam, Byragi Naidu's PA
Telangana Shakuntala .... Mangatayaru's grandmother
Archana
Raja Ravindra
Rajitha ... Susheela, Byragi Naidu's wife
Pasupathy ... Swarnakka's younger brother and Byragi Nayudu's henchman
Soundtrack
The music is composed by Chakri and released by Supreme. The song "Ammadi Yamma Yammare" was borrowed from the Tamil original.
External links
Category:2000s Telugu-language films
Category:2003 films
Category:Indian films
Category:Telugu remakes of Tamil films
Category:Indian action comedy films
Category:Indian romance films
Category:Masala films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Misono discography
The discography of Japanese singer-songwriter Koda Misono (best known by her stage name "misono") includes 4 studio albums, 2 compilation albums, 2 cover albums and 19 singles. Her releases have been under the record label Avex Trax, which is the first label under the Avex Group.
Although having debuted as the lead vocalist for the band day after tomorrow in 2002, misono debuted as a solo artist on March 29, 2006 with her single VS. The single debuted in the top five of the Oricon charts, but would become her only solo single to break the top five.
Despite releasing multiple singles annually, along with annual albums, misono's releases would fail to chart well. Her debut album never+land (2007) charted at #20, Sei -say- (2008) at #20, Me (2010) at #35 and Uchi (2014) at #49. Due to her decreasing sales, her final album, Uchi, had the message, "If we do not sell 10,000 albums, misono can't release another CD," as a subtitle to the album.
As of October 13, 2014, misono has not released another single or album.
Albums
Studio albums
Cover albums
Extended plays
Singles
Collaborations
Promotional videos
Never+Land
VS
Kojin Jugyō
Speedrive
Lovely♡Cat's Eye
A.__~answer~
Hot Time -Mud 1 Take ver.-
A.__~answer~ -Album ver.-
Suna no Shiro no Mermaid ~Riku to Umi no Sekai~
Sei -say-
Hot Time
Pochi
Zasetsu Chiten
Juunin Toiro
Mugen Kigen
Ninin Sankyaku
Zasetsu Chiten -BOX ver.-
Juunin Toiro -10 misono's ver.-
Mugen Kigen -Painting ver.-
Ninin Sankyaku -say ver.-
Me
Kazoku no Hi
Kyuukon ~Yaruki・Genki・Sono Ki no Nekko~
Tenbin ~Tsuyogari na Watashi×Yowagari na Kimi~
end=Start
Bokura Style
「...Suki×××」
0-ji Mae no Tsunderella
Watashi Iro
end=Start -4 misono's ver.-
Uchi
Ho・n・to・u・so
Maialino!
Koitsuri Girl Ai Girl ~Fishing Boy~
NO you! NO life! NO...××? feat. ME -ME direction ver.-
Uchi! Uchi! ROCK ~Toriatsukai Setsumeisho~
Tales with misono-Best-
Tales with misono−Best− Video Medley
symphony with misono Best
Starry Heavens (ver.2013)
Junction Punctuation Mark
61-byoume no... Fura Letter Saigo no Hatsukoi ~Copernicus Tekitenkai~
Cover Album
misono to Utaou! Animedley I
Urusei Yatsura no Theme ~Lum no Love Song~
Universe
It's all Love! (Koda Kumi x misono)
Hello World
with you feat. Me (BACK-ON x misono)
Premium Cocoa
NO you! NO life! NO...××? feat. Me (Cocoa Otoko x misono)
References
External links
misono Official Site
misono
Category:Pop music discographies
Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2011 Maidstone Borough Council election
Elections to Maidstone Borough Council were held on 5 May 2011. One-third of the borough council (20 members) were up for election. Parish council elections and the national Alternative Vote referendum were held on the same day.
Overall results
The Conservatives stayed in overall control of the council by gaining two seats. The Liberal Democrats lost two seats.
Ward results
References & notes
Category:2011 English local elections
2011
Category:2010s in Kent | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Picking quarrels and provoking trouble
Picking quarrels and provoking trouble () (also translated as picking quarrels and stirring up trouble or picking quarrels and making trouble) is a crime under the law of the People's Republic of China. It comes under article 293 of the 1997 revision of the People's Republic of China's Penal Code, and carries a maximum sentence of five years. The crime is defined as undermining public order by creating a disturbance in a public place.
As this is an ill-defined crime, it has frequently been used as an excuse to arrest human rights activists, civil rights activists, and lawyers in China, and hold them in detention pending more serious charges such as inciting subversion of state power.
Text of the law
Article 293 of the 1997 Criminal Code of the People's Republic of China:
Article 293. Whoever undermines public order with anyone of the following provocative and disturbing behaviors is to be sentenced to not more than five years of fixed-term imprisonment, criminal detention, or control:
(1) willfully attacking another person and the circumstances are bad;
(2) chasing, intercepting, or cursing another person, and the circumstances are bad;
(3) forcibly taking away, demanding, or willfully damaging or seizing public or private property; and the circumstances are serious;
(4) creating a disturbance in a public place, causing serious disorder.
List of notable people charged with picking quarrels and provoking trouble
Li Tingting (李婷婷), Wei Tingting (韦婷婷), Zheng Churan (郑楚然), Wu Rongrong (武嵘嵘), and Wang Man (王曼) (see Arrest of Chinese Feminists in 2015)
A-nya Sengdra (Tibetan: ཨ་ཉ་སེང་སྒྲ; Chinese: 阿亚桑扎), a Tibetan anti-corruption activist who was arrested in September 2018
Cao Shunli, a lawyer and human rights activist who was arrested at Beijing Airport in September 2013, and subsequently died in detention in March 2014
Huang Xueqin (黄雪琴), a journalist who was prominent in China's Me Too movement and who wrote about the 2019 Hong Kong protests was arrested for "picking quarrels and provoking trouble" in October 2019
Liu Ping
Pu Zhiqiang
Qin Huohuo
Tie Liu
Wang Meiyu (王美雨), democracy activist who died in police custody under suspicious circumstances in September 2019 after having been arrested for "picking quarrels and provoking trouble" in July 2019
Xiao Chuanguo (肖传国)
Zhao Lianhai
Zhou Li (周莉)
Nankezhou (南柯舟)
See also
List of Chinese dissidents
Law of the People's Republic of China
References
Category:Chinese law
Category:Political repression in China | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
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