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Humphrey, New York
Humphrey is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 687 at the 2010 census. The town is named after Charles Humphrey, who at the time of the town's founding was Speaker of the New York State Assembly.
Humphrey is an interior town in the eastern half of the county, northeast of the city of Salamanca.
History
The area that would become the town was first settled around 1815. The town of Humphrey was established in 1836 from a part of the town of Allegany.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 0.05%, is water.
New York State Route 98 crosses the northwest corner of the town. Humphrey is primarily served by county roads, namely Routes 18, 19, and 51.
Adjacent towns and areas
Humphrey is east of the town of Great Valley and south of the town of Franklinville. The east town line is shared by the towns of Hinsdale and Ischua. To the south is the town of Allegany.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 721 people, 263 households, and 186 families residing in the town. The population density was 19.7 people per square mile (7.6/km²). There were 457 housing units at an average density of 12.5 per square mile (4.8/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.23% White, 0.97% African American, 0.83% Native American, 0.69% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.83% of the population.
There were 263 households out of which 37.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.7% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.22.
In the town, the population was spread out with 27.6% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,313, and the median income for a family was $35,795. Males had a median income of $27,768 versus $20,326 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,874. About 9.2% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.
Communities and locations in Humphrey
Humphrey – The hamlet of Humphrey is near the center of the town at the junction of County Roads 18 and 51. It was formerly known as "Chapellsburg" after an early hotel owner; another possible factor in its name was the Saint Pacificus Chapel, a Roman Catholic chapel and cemetery that is the only church in North America named for Saint Pacificus and an early congregation point for the Franciscans that later founded Saint Bonaventure University. The chapel remains in operation to the present day, albeit in a reduced schedule since 2007 since the death of its longtime priest and cutbacks in the Catholic Church.
Humphrey Center – A hamlet in the northern part of the town on County Road 18. The community is locally called "Tickletown"; more about Tickletown can be found here.
Wrights Creek – A stream flowing past Humphrey and Humphrey Center. It is named after early settler Richard Wright.
Pumpkinville – An autumn theme park, pumpkin patch and apple cider mill based in the western part of the town.
References
External links
Town of Humphrey official website
Early history of Humphrey
Category:Towns in New York (state)
Category:Towns in Cattaraugus County, New York | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
CSO Tricolorul Breaza
Clubul Sportiv Orășenesc Tricolorul Breaza, commonly known as Tricolorul Breaza, is a Romanian professional football club based in Breaza, Prahova County.
The club was disbanded in August 2010 when it merged with Navobi Iaşi to form CSMS Iaşi, but was refounded as CSO Tricolorul Breaza in the summer of 2013.
They currently play in the Liga IV.
Chronology of names
Honours
Liga III
Runners-up (2): 2005–06, 2008–09
Liga IV – Prahova County
Winners (1): 2000–01
Players
First team squad
As of 13 December 2017
Club officials
Board of directors
Current technical staff
External links
Unofficial web-site
liga2.prosport.ro Barajul pentru Liga a II-a: Tricolorul Breaza
References
Category:Football clubs in Romania
Category:Football clubs in Prahova County
Category:Association football clubs established in 1971
Category:Liga II clubs
Category:Liga III clubs
Category:Liga IV clubs
Category:1971 establishments in Romania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ervin Mórich
Ervin Mórich (born 27 May 1897, date of death unknown) was a Hungarian rower. He competed in the men's double sculls event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
References
Category:1897 births
Category:Year of death missing
Category:Hungarian male rowers
Category:Olympic rowers of Hungary
Category:Rowers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Category:Sportspeople from Berlin | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
List of active United States military aircraft
Active United States military aircraft is a list of military aircraft that are used by the United States military. For aircraft no longer in-service see the list of military aircraft of the United States.
Air Force
|-
! Types
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! data-sort-type="number" | In service
! Total
! Notes
|-
| A-10C Thunderbolt II
| Fairchild Republic
| USA
| Jet
| Attack
| 1977
| 279
|
|
|-
| AC-130W Stinger II
| Lockheed
| USA
| Turboprop
| Gunship/Armed Overwatch
|
| 10
|
| Being Replaced by AC-130J
|-
| AC-130J Ghostrider
| Lockheed
| USA
| Turboprop
| Gunship
| 2017
| 12
|
| In production (32 planned), to replace AC-130W
|-
| B-1B Lancer
| Rockwell
| USA
| Jet
| Bomber
| 1986
| 59
|
| Only supersonic bomber aircraft active in the U.S. Air Force.
|-
| B-2A Spirit
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| Jet
| Bomber
| 1997
| 20
|
| Slated to remain in service until 2032.
|-
| B-52H Stratofortress
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Bomber
| 1955
| 74
|
| Slated to remain in service through 2050.
|-
| C-5M Super Galaxy
| Lockheed
| USA
| Jet
| Transport
| 1970
| 52
|
| Includes 2 Space Cargo Modified (SCM); all aircraft modified from C-5A, C-5B, and C-5C
|-
| C-12C Huron
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 1974
| 13
|
| used for embassy airlift support
|-
| C-12D Huron
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 1974
| 6
|
| used for embassy airlift support
|-
| C-12J Huron
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 1974
| 4
|
| Used for theater airlift and medical evacuation
|-
| MC-12W Liberty
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Reconnaissance
|
| 13
|
|
|-
| C-17A Globemaster III
| McDonnell Douglas later Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Transport
| 1995
| 222
|
| U.S. Military C-17's were produced by McDonnell-Douglas prior to the merger with Boeing. Boeing continued production of the C-17 for sales to non-U.S. Military customers.
|-
| C-20H
| Gulfstream
| USA
| Turbofan
| Transport/Priority Airlift
| 1983
| 1
|
|
|-
| C-21A
| Learjet
| USA
| Jet
| Passenger transport
| 1985
| 18
|
|
|-
| RC-26B Metroliner
| Fairchild
| USA
| Turboprop
| Reconnaissance
| 1989
| 11
|
| Used by Air National Guard for Drug Interdiction and Disaster Reconnaissance
|-
| C-32A
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| VIP Transport
| 1998
| 4
|
|
|-
| C-32B
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| VIP Transport
| 1998
| 2
|
|
|-
| C-37A
| Gulfstream
| USA
| Turbofan
| VIP Transport
| 1998
| 9
|
|
|-
| C-37B
| Gulfstream
| USA
| Turbofan
| VIP Transport
| 1998
| 3
|
|
|-
| C-40B
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| VIP Transport
| 2001
| 4
|
|
|-
| C-40C
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| VIP Transport
| 2001
| 7
|
|
|-
| C-130H Hercules
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 1956
| 176
|
| All C-130H serve in the ANG and AFRES.
|-
| C-130J Super Hercules
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 1996
| 186
|
| The USAF continues to receive new C-130Js for various missions. Numbers include 10 early model standard length C-130J's used for training
|-
| CN-235
| CASA
| Spain
| Propeller
| Transport
| 1988
| 13
|
| 427th SOS
|-
| C-146A Wolfhound
| Fairchild-Dornier
| Germany
| Turboprop
| Transport
| 2011
| 20
|
| 524th SOS
|-
| E-3B Sentry
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Command and control/Airborne Warning and Control
| 1977
| 11
|
|
|-
| E-3C Sentry
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Command and control/Airborne Warning and Control
| 1977
| 3
|
|
|-
| E-3G Sentry
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Command and control/Airborne Warning and Control
| 1977
| 17
|
|
|-
| E-4B "Nightwatch"
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Command and control
| 1973
| 4
|
| assigned to the 595th Command and Control Group at Offutt AFB, Nebraska
|-
| E-8C Joint STARS
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| Jet
| Command and control
| 1996
| 16
|
|
|-
| E-9A Widget
| Bombardier Aerospace
| USACanada
| Turboprop
| Surveillance/Range Control
| 1984
| 2
|
|
|-
| E-11A
| Northrop Grumman
| USACanada
| Jet
| Communications
| 2005
| 4
|
|
|-
| EC-130H Compass Call
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Electronic warfare
| 1982
| 14
|
|
|-
| EC-130 Commando Solo III
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Electronic warfare
| 1978
| 7
|
| 3 x EC-130J, 4 x EC-130SJ
|-
| F-15C Eagle
| McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter
| 1976
| 210
|
|
|-
| F-15D Eagle
| McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter/Advanced Trainer
| 1976
| 23
|
|
|-
| F-15E Strike Eagle
| McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Multirole Strike fighter
| 1988
| 218
|
| Currently being upgraded to remain in service beyond 2030.
|-
| F-16C Fighting Falcon
| General Dynamics
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter
| 1978
| 764
|
| To be replaced by the F-35A. Due to delays in the F-35 program, the F-16's will receive life extension.
|-
| F-16D Fighting Falcon
| General Dynamics
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter/Advanced Trainer
| 1978
| 147
|
| To be replaced by the F-35A. Due to delays in the F-35 program, the F-16's will receive life extension.
|-
| QF-16A Fighting Falcon
| General Dynamics
| USA
| Jet
| target drone
| 1978
| 12
|
| Currently being converted from previous retired airframes
|-
| QF-16C Fighting Falcon
| General Dynamics
| USA
| Jet
| target drone
| 1978
| 20
|
| Currently being converted from previous retired airframes
|-
| F-22A Raptor
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter
| 2005
| 195
|
|
|-
| F-35A Lightning II
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter
| 2016
| 199
|
| In production with 1763 planned
|-
| HC-130H(N) King
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
| 1954
| 4
|
| To be replaced by HC-130J
|-
| HC-130P King
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
| 1954
| 1
|
| To be replaced by HC-130J
|-
| HC-130J King II
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
|
| 25
|
|
|-
| KC-10A Extender
| McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Aerial refueling
| 1981
| 59
|
| Likely to remain in service until 2043
|-
| KC-46 Pegasus
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Aerial refueling
| 2019
| 16
|
| 179 aircraft are expected to be delivered by 2028
|-
| KC-135R Stratotanker
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Aerial refueling
| 1957
| 342
|
| It may someday be replaced by the KC-46. However, it is currently not slated to retire for the foreseeable future. Estimated retirement: 2050s citation.
|-
| KC-135T Stratotanker
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Aerial refueling
| 1957
| 54
|
| It may someday be replaced by the KC-46. However, it is currently not slated to retire for the foreseeable future. Estimated retirement: 2050s citation.
|-
| LC-130H Hercules
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Cargo aircraft
| 1954
| 10
|
| All aircraft assigned to 109th Airlift Wing, New York Air Guard
|-
| MC-130H Combat Talon II
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Multi-mission/Special Operations
| 1966
| 16
|
| To be replaced by MC-130J
|-
| MC-130J Commando II
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Multi-mission/Special Operations
|
| 37
|
|
|-
| OC-135B Open Skies
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Observation
| 1993
| 2
|
| used as part of Treaty on Open Skies
|-
| RC-135S Cobra Ball
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Reconnaissance/Ballistic Missile Test Recon
| 1972
| 3
|
|
|-
| RC-135U Combat Sent
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Reconnaissance/Signal and Electronic Intel
| 1972
| 2
|
|
|-
| RC-135V Rivet Joint
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Reconnaissance/Signal and Electronic Intel
| 1972
| 8
|
|
|-
| RC-135W Rivet Joint
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Reconnaissance/Signal and Electronic Intel
| 1972
| 9
|
|
|-
| TC-135W Stratolifter
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Advanced Training
| 1972
| 3
|
|
|-
| NC-135W Big Safari
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Research/Test
| 1972
| 1
|
|
|-
| T-1A Jayhawk
| Raytheon
| USA
| Jet
| Trainer
| 1992
| 178
|
|
|-
| T-6A Texan II
| Raytheon/Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Trainer
| 2001
| 442
|
|
|-
| T-38A Talon
| Northrop
| USA
| Jet
| Trainer
| 1961
| 53
|
|
|-
| T-38B Talon
| Northrop
| USA
| Jet
| Trainer
| 1961
| 6
|
|
|-
| T-38C Talon
| Northrop
| USA
| Jet
| Trainer
| 1961
| 441
|
|
|-
| T-41D Mescalero
| Cessna
| USA
| Propeller
| Trainer
| 1966
| 4
|
|
|-
| T-51A
| Cessna
| USA
| Propeller
| Trainer
| 1957
| 3
|
|
|-
| T-53A Kadet II
| Cirrus
| USA
| Propeller
| Trainer
| 1995
| 24
|
|
|-
| U-2S
| Lockheed
| USA
| Jet
| Reconnaissance
| 1957
| 27
|
|
|-
| TU-2S
| Lockheed
| USA
| Jet
| Advanced Trainer
| 1957
| 4
|
|
|-
| U-28A Draco
| Pilatus
| Switzerland
| Turboprop
| Utility/Special Operations
| 1991
| 34
|
|
|-
| UC-27B
| Cessna
| Switzerland
| Turboprop
| Utility/Special Operations
| 1984
| 3
|
|
|-
| VC-25A
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| VIP Transport
| 1990
| 2
|
| Used as Presidential Transport, operated by 89th Airlift Wing at Andrews AFB, Maryland. To be replaced by the Boeing 747-8/VC-25B.
|-
| WC-130J Hercules
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Weather reconnaissance
| 1996
| 10
|
| all aircraft assigned to 403d Wing (AFRC) at Keesler AFB, Mississippi
|-
| WC-135C Constant Phoenix
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| atmospheric research
| 1993
| 1
|
|
|-
| WC-135W Constant Phoenix
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| atmospheric research
| 1993
| 1
|
|
|-
| HH-60G Pave Hawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Search and rescue
| 2016
| 92
|
|
|-
| HH-60U Pave Hawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Search and rescue
| 2016
| 3
|
|
|-
| UH-1N Twin Huey
|Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Utility
| 1969
| 63
|
|
|-
| TH-1H Iroquois
|Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Trainer
| 1959
| 28
|
|-
| C-145A Skytruck
| PZL Mielec
| Poland
| Turboprop
| STOL Utility
| 2007
| 5
|
| 6th SOS
|-
| UV-18B Twin Otter
| de Havilland Canada
| Canada
| Turboprop
| STOL Utility
| 1988
| 3
|
|
|-
| CV-22B Osprey
| Bell, Boeing
| USA
| Powered lift
| Cargo VTOL aircraft
| 2006
| 50
|
|
|-
| RQ-4B Global Hawk
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| UAV/High Altitude Recon
| Patrol
| 2001
| 34
|
|-
| EQ-4B Global Hawk
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| UAV/Communications Relay
| Patrol
| 2001
| 3
|
|-
| MQ-9A Reaper
| General Atomics
| USA
| UAV
| Multi-mission
| 2006
| 251
|
|
|-
| RQ-170 Sentinel
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| UAV
| Multi-Mission
| 2007
|
|
|
|-
| Puma AE
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Patrol
| 2008
|
| 1000
|
|}
Army
|-
! Type
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! data-sort-type="number" | In service
! data-sort-type="number" | Total
! Notes
|-
|C-12J
|Beechcraft
|USA
| Turboprop
|Transport
|
|3
|
|
|-
| C-12 Huron
|Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Cargo/Transport
|
| 93
|
| C-12C, C-12D and C-12F
|-
|C-41 Aviocar
|CASA
|Spain
| Turboprop
|Cargo/Transport
|
|5
|
|
|-
| C-26E Metroliner
|Fairchild
| USA
| Turboprop
| Range Support
|
| 12
|
|
|-
| C-27J Spartan
|Alenia Aeronautica
| USAItaly
| Turboprop
| Cargo aircraft
|
| 7
|
| Former Air Force aircraft used by Army Special Operations Command for training.
|-
| C-31A Troopship
|Fokker
| Netherlands
| Turboprop
| Cargo/Transport
|
| 2
|
| Used for the Golden Knights Gold Team and Black Team
|-
| C-20H
|Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| Cargo/Transport
|
| 1
|
|
|-
| EO-5
|de Havilland Canada
| Canada
| Turboprop
| Electronic Warfare,Reconnaissance
|
| 10
|
| 3 x EO-5C, 7 x RC-7. Previously designated as RC-7B
|-
| RC-12 Huron
|Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Reconnaissance
|
| 83
|
| RC-12D, RC-12H and RC-12K
|-
| UC-35
|Cessna
| USA
| Jet
| Utility aircraft
|
| 27
|
| 20 x UC-35A, 7 x UC-35B
|-
|DHC Dash-8-315
|de Havilland Canada
|Canada
| Turboprop
| Patrol
|
|6
|
| Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance
|-
|UV-18C
|de Havilland Canada
|Canada
| Turboprop
|Cargo/Transport
|
|3
|
|
|-
| MH/AH-6M Little Bird
|MD Helicopter
| USA
| Helicopter
| Attack
| 1980
| 47
|
|
|-
| AH-64 Apache Longbow, Guardian
|Boeing
| USA
| Helicopter
| Attack
| 1986
| 792
|
| AH-64D and AH-64E. 25 on order as of December 2015.
|-
| CH-47 Chinook
|Boeing
| USA
| Helicopter
| Transport
| 1962
| 442
|
| 394 x CH-47D, 48 x CH-47F. 464 new CH-47F to be delivered
|-
| EH-60A Black Hawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Electronic-warfare
| 1979
| 64
|
|
|-
| MH-47 Chinook
|Boeing
| USA
| Helicopter
| Multi-mission
| 1962
| 61
|
| 11 x MH-47D, 23 x MH-47E, 27 x MH-47G
|-
| MH-60 Black Hawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Multi-mission
|
| 58
|
| 23 x MH-60K, 35 x MH-60L.
|-
| TH-67 Creek
|Bell
| USACanada
| Helicopter
| Trainer
|
| 88
|
|To be retired by 2020.
|-
| UH-60 Black Hawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Utility
|
| 1,443
|
| 751 x UH-60A, 592 x UH-60L, 100 x UH-60M. 1227 UH-60M planned.
|-
| UH-72A Lakota
|Eurocopter
| USAGermany
| Helicopter
| Utility
|
| 341
|
|13 on order as of December 2015.
|-
| MQ-1C Gray Eagle
| General Atomics
| USA
| UAV
|
| 2009
| 75
|
| 133 planned
|-
| Prioria Robotics Maveric
| Prioria Robotics
| USA
| UAV
|
|
| 36
|
|
|-
| CQ-10 Snowgoose
| MMIST
| Canada
| UAV
| Transport || 2005 || 15
|
| 49 planned. Parafoil and autogyro variants.
|-
| RQ-7B Shadow
| AAI Corporation
| USA
| UAV
|
|
| 450
|
| 68 on order.
|-
| RQ-11 Raven
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| Switchblade
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Attack
|
|
|
|
|-
| RQ-20 Puma
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Patrol
|
|
|
|
|}
Coast Guard
|-
! Type
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! In service
! Total
! Notes
|-
| HC-27J Spartan
|Alenia Aeronautica
| USAItaly
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
|
| 14
|
| Former Air Force aircraft, acquired in return for the release of seven HC-130H aircraft to the United States Forest Service for use as aerial tankers.
|-
| C-37A
|Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| VIP transport
|
| 1
|
| VIP transport for high-ranking members of the Department of Homeland Security and U.S. Coast Guard.
|-
| C-37B
|Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| VIP transport
|
| 1
|
| VIP transport for high-ranking members of the Department of Homeland Security and U.S. Coast Guard.
|-
| HC-130H Hercules
|Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
|
| 14
|
| Most have been removed from service and are being replaced by HC-130J aircraft. Seven were turned over to the United States Forest Service to be converted to aerial firefighting tankers.
|-
| HC-130J Hercules
|Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
|
| 12
|
| More on order, currently being manufactured to replace HC-130H.
|-
| HC-144A Ocean Sentry
|Airbus
| USASpain
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
| 2009
| 15
|
|
|-
| HC-144B Minotaur
|Airbus
| USASpain
| Turboprop
| Search and rescue
|
| 3
|
| Minotaur upgrade of HC-144A aircraft includes advanced navigation and search and rescue equipment.
|-
| MH-60T Jayhawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Medium Range Recovery (MRR)
|
| 42
|
| will remain in service until 2027
|-
| MH-65D Dolphin
|Eurocopter
| USAFrance
| Helicopter
| Short Range Recovery (SRR)
|
| 95
|
|
|-
| MH-65E Dolphin
|Eurocopter
| USAFrance
| Helicopter
| Short Range Recovery (SRR)
|
| 3
|
| Upgraded version of MH-65D with advanced avionics and search and rescue equipment
|}
Marine Corps
|-
! Type
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! In service
! Total
! Notes
|-
|C-20G
|Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
|2
|2
| will be upgraded to C-20 ER
|-
| F/A-18A Hornet
|McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Fighter
|
| 36 Active, 7 Training, 12 Stored
| 55
| Scheduled to be replaced by F-35B/C Lightning II by 2019
|-
| F/A-18B Hornet
|McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Trainer
|
| 4 Training, 3 Stored
| 7
| Scheduled to be replaced by F-35B/C Lightning II by 2019.
|-
| F/A-18C Hornet
|McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Fighter
|
| 60 Active, 12 Training, 47 Stored
| 119
| Scheduled to begin replacement by F-35B/C Lightning II starting 2019.
|-
| F/A-18D Hornet
|McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Strike
|
| 48 Active, 20 Training, 24 Stored
| 92
| Scheduled to begin replacement by F-35B/C Lightning II starting 2023.
|-
| F-35B Lightning II
|Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Fighter
|
| 32 Active, 25 Training
| 57
| V/STOL variant. Planned total of 353 F-35Bs and 67 F-35Cs (CTOL) to replace various aircraft.
|-
| F-5N Tiger II
|Northrop
| USA
| Jet
| Aggressor
|
| 12
|
| Scheduled to maintain service till 2026.
|-
| KC-130T Hercules
|Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Turboprop
| Tanker
|
|12
|
| To be replaced by KC-130J
|-
|KC-130J Super Hercules
|Lockheed Martin
|USA
|Turboprop
|Tanker
|
|52
|
|
|-
| UC-12W Huron
|Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Utility
|
| 8
| 8
| Scheduled to replace the UC-12F/M Huron by 2024.
|-
| UC-12M Huron
|Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Utility
|
| 2
| 2
| Scheduled to be replaced by UC-12W Huron by 2024.
|-
| UC-12F Huron
|Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Utility
|
| 4
| 4
| Scheduled to be replaced by UC-12W Huron by 2024.
|-
| UC-35D Citation
|Cessna
| USA
| Jet
| Utility
|
| 10 Active
| 10
| To be replaced/upgraded to UC-35 ER.
|-
| UC-35C Citation
|Cessna
| USA
| Jet
| Utility
|
| 2 Active
| 2
| To be replaced/upgraded to UC-35 ER.
|-
| AH-1W SuperCobra
| Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Attack
| 1986
| 55
|
| To be upgraded to or replaced by AH-1Z Viper.
|-
| AH-1Z Viper
| Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Attack
| 2010
| 90
|
| 189 planned in total
|-
| CH-53E Super Stallion
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Cargo/Transport
|
| 96 Active, 6 Reserve, 10 Training
| 142
|To be replaced by CH-53K King Stallion, in flight testing - 2015.
|-
| UH-1Y Venom
|Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Utility
|
| 122
| 160
|
|-
| VH-3D Sea King
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Marine One VIP Transport
|
| 11
|
| To be replaced by Sikorsky VH-92A
|-
| VH-60N Whitehawk
|Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Marine One VIP Transport
|
| 8
|
|To be replaced by Sikorsky VH-92A
|-
| AV-8B/+ Harrier II
|McDonnell Douglas
| UKUSA
| Jet
| Attack
|
| 80 Active, 13 training, 4 test aircraft
| 97
| VTOL. To be replaced by F-35B
|-
| MV-22B Osprey
|Bell Boeing
| USA
| Powered lift
| Multi-mission
|
| 236
| 300
| VTOL. 360 on order
|-
| TAV-8B Harrier II
|McDonnell Douglas
| UKUSA
| Jet
| Trainer
|
| 13
|
| VTOL. To be replaced by F-35B
|-
| K-MAX
| Kaman
| USA
| UAV
| Cargo and transport
|
| 1
|
| Helicopter with twin intermeshing rotors. UAV variant of manned type.
|-
| RQ-7B Shadow
| AAI Corporation
| USA
| UAV
| Reconnaissance
|
| 50
|
|
|-
| RQ-11 Raven
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Reconnaissance
|
|
|
|
|-
| ScanEagle
| Boeing
| USA
| UAV
| Reconnaissance
|
|
|
|
|-
| Switchblade
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Attack
|
|
|
|
|-
| Puma AE
| AeroVironment
| USA
| UAV
| Reconnaissance
|
|
|
|
|-
| RQ-21A Blackjack
| Boeing Insitu
| USA
| UAV
| Reconnaissance
|
|
|
|
|-
| MQ-8B Fire Scout
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| UAV
| Multi-Mission || 2009 || 27
|
| Helicopter.
|-
! Type
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! In service
! Total
! Notes
|}
Navy
|-
! Type
! Manufacturer
! Origin
! Class
! Role
! Introduced
! In service
! Total
! Notes
|-
| C-2A Greyhound
| Grumman
| USA
| Turboprop
| Carrier-based Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
| 33
|
|To be replaced by 44 CMV-22
|-
| C-20
|Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
|4
|
| C-20G
|-
| C-37
| Gulfstream
| USA
| Jet
| Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
| 4
|
| 1 x C-37A
|-
| C-40A Clipper
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
| 17
|
|
|-
| C-130T Hercules
| Lockheed
| USA
| Turboprop
| Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
|15
|
|
|-
|UC-12 Huron
| Beechcraft
|USA
| Turboprop
|Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
|14
|
|
|-
|C-26D Metroliner
| Fairchild
|USA
| Turboprop
|Cargo/Transport aircraft
|
|6
|
|
|-
|KC-130T
| Lockheed Martin
|USA
| Turboprop
|Aerial Refueling
|
|5
|
|
|-
| E-2C/D Hawkeye
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| Turboprop
| Carrier-based Airborne Command and Control aircraft
|
| 81
|
|
|-
| E-6B Mercury
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Electronic-warfare aircraft
|
| 16
|
|
|-
| EA-18G Growler
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Electronic-warfare aircraft
|
| 155
|
|
|-
| EP-3E ARIES II
| Lockheed
| USA
| Turboprop
| Electronic-warfare aircraft
|
| 12
|
|
|-
| F-5F/N Tiger II
| Northrop
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter
|
| 29
|
| F-5F, F-5N. Used for adversary training
|-
| F-16 Fighting Falcon
|General Dynamics
| USA
| Jet
| Fighter aircraft
|
| 14
|
| Used for adversary training.
|-
| F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
| McDonnell Douglas / Northrop Grumman then Boeing / Northrop Grumman
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Fighter
|
| 512
|
| F/A-18E and F/A-18F. 22 on order.
|-
| F-35C Lightning II
| Lockheed Martin
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Fighter aircraft
|
| 21
|
| NAS Pax River SDD aircraft, 260 planned
|-
|MQ-4C Triton
|Northrop Grumman
|USA
|Jet
|Unmanned aerial vehicle
|
|2
|
|68 Planned
|-
| P-3C Orion
| Lockheed
| USA
| Turboprop
| Maritime patrol aircraft
| 1962
| 37
|
| To be replaced by P-8
|-
| P-8A Poseidon
| Boeing
| USA
| Jet
| Anti-Submarine-warfare aircraft
| 2013
| 91
|
| 24 on order
|-
| T-6 Texan II
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Trainer aircraft
|
| 294
|
| 29 on order.
|-
| T-44A
| Beechcraft
| USA
| Turboprop
| Trainer aircraft
|
| 57
|
|
|-
| T-45C Goshawk
| McDonnell Douglas
| USA
| Jet
| Carrier-based Trainer aircraft
|
| 194
|
|
|-
| UC-35D
| Cessna
| USA
| Jet
| Utility aircraft
|
| 1
|
|
|-
|CMV-22 Osprey
| Bell Boeing
|USA
| Powered lift
|Multi-mission
|
|1
|
|48 on order.
|-
| MH-53E Sea Dragon
| Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Airborne mine countermeasures and vertical on-board delivery
|
| 27
|
|
|-
| MH-60 Seahawk
| Sikorsky
| USA
| Helicopter
| Anti-submarine warfare helicopterMulti-mission
|
| 508
|
|
|-
| TH-57B/C Sea Ranger
| Bell
| USA
| Helicopter
| Training helicopter
|
| 114
|
|
|-
| ScanEagle
| Boeing
| USA
| UAV
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| RQ-21A Blackjack
| Boeing Insitu
| USA
| UAV
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| MQ-8B Fire Scout
| Northrop Grumman
| USA
| UAV
| Patrol
| 2009
| 27
|
| Helicopter. 96 planned.
|}
See also
List of U.S. DoD aircraft designations
List of military aircraft of the United States
Future military aircraft of the United States
UAVs in the U.S. military
Notes
References
External links
United States Army 2010 Weapons System Handbook (PDF file, 41.6 MB) includes pages describing US manned and unmanned aircraft.
Category:Lists of currently active military vehicles
United States Active Military Aircraft
*
Category:United States military-related lists | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jack Cable
Ivan John "Jack" Cable (born August 17, 1934) is a Canadian former politician. He served as a member of the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 1992 to 2000, representing the electoral district of Riverside as a member and interim leader of the Yukon Liberal Party. He was first elected in the 1992 election and again in the 1996 election.
He was subsequently appointed Commissioner of the Yukon, serving from October 1, 2000 to December 1, 2005.
Born in Hamilton, Ontario, he practiced law in Whitehorse for 21 years. As a public servant, he has been director of the Northern Canada Power Commission, president of its successor Yukon Energy Corporation, a founding member of Recycle Organics Together Society, director of Yukon Science Institute, a member of the Advisory Committee of the Salvation Army Adult Residential Centre and president of the Yukon Chamber of Commerce.
He is also a member of the Learning Disabilities Association of the Yukon, the Association of Professional Engineers of the Yukon and founding member of Boreal Alternate Energy Centre.
He holds a degree in chemical engineering from University of Toronto, an MBA from McMaster University and a Bachelor of Law from the University of Western Ontario.
References
Category:1934 births
Category:Living people
Category:Commissioners of Yukon
Category:McMaster University alumni
Category:Politicians from Whitehorse, Yukon
Category:Politicians from Hamilton, Ontario
Category:University of Toronto alumni
Category:University of Western Ontario alumni
Category:Yukon Liberal Party leaders
Category:Yukon Liberal Party MLAs | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Kallocain
Kallocain is a 1940 dystopian novel by Swedish novelist Karin Boye, which envisions a future of drab terror. Seen through the eyes of idealistic scientist Leo Kall, Kallocain is a depiction of a totalitarian world state. An important aspect of the novel is the relationships and connections between the various characters, such as the marriage of the main character and his wife Linda Kall, and the feelings of jealousy and suspicion that may arise in a society with heavy surveillance and legal uncertainty.
One of its central ideas coincides with contemporary rumors of truth drugs that ensured the subordination of every citizen to the state. Both Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932) and Boye's Kallocain are drug dystopias, or societies in which pharmacology is used to suppress opposition to authority. However, unlike Brave New World, where a drug is used to suppress the urge to nonconformity generally, in Kallocain a drug is used to detect individual acts and thoughts of rebellion.
Kallocain has been translated into more than 10 languages; English language translations include those by Gustaf Lannestock (2002, University of Wisconsin Press) and David McDuff (2019, Penguin Classics). It was adapted into a television miniseries in 1981 by Hans Abramson.
In 2016, the novel was nominated for the Retro-Hugo award for the best science fiction novel of 1941.
Plot
The plot centers on Leo Kall, written in the form of a diary or memoir. Kall lives with his wife Linda Kall in a city intended for chemical industry. Leo is a scientist, who is initially very loyal to the government and develops the truth drug Kallocain. It has the effect that anyone who takes it will reveal anything, even things of which they were not consciously aware.
Major themes include the notion of the self in a totalitarian state, the meaning of life, and the power of love. Apart from the laboratory work and testing by Leo Kall, much of the novel takes place in the home of Leo and Linda.
References
Further reading
John Hickman. "When Science Fiction Writers Used Fictional Drugs: Rise and Fall of the Twentieth-Century Drug Dystopia." Utopian Studies Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 141–170. (2009)
External links
Full text English translation from the University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
Category:1940 Swedish novels
Category:Dystopian novels
Category:1940 science fiction novels
Category:Swedish science fiction novels
Category:Fictional diaries
Category:Swedish novels adapted into films
Category:Swedish-language novels
Category:Totalitarianism in fiction
Category:Fictional medicines and drugs | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Waizi
Waizi town () is the northernmost town of Xinye County that lies in the southwest of Henan province, China. It has a population of . Its total area is 102 square kilometers. The G55 Erenhot–Guangzhou Expressway runs through this town and has an exit here.
References
Category:Township-level divisions of Henan | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2010–11 Ottawa Senators season
The 2010–11 Ottawa Senators season was the team's 19th season of operation in the National Hockey League (NHL). The Senators posted a regular season record of 32 wins, 40 losses and 10 overtime/shootout losses for 74 points, failing to qualify for the Stanley Cup playoffs for the second time in three seasons. After falling to last place in the Eastern Conference by the end of January, the Senators started a rebuild, trading away several veterans for draft choices. Head coach Cory Clouston was fired at the end of the season.
Off-season
Early in the off-season, the Senators signed several players including summer development camp attendee Colin Greening on April 28 and Binghamton Senators forward Ryan Keller on May 19, as well as goaltender Mike Brodeur on May 26. After some media speculation, the Senators also bought-out Jonathan Cheechoo's contract on June 29 after he cleared waivers, making Cheechoo a free agent.
At the Entry Draft, the Senators traded their first-round pick to the St. Louis Blues for defenceman David Rundblad, who had been the Blues' first-round pick (17th overall) in the 2009 Draft. Having now previously traded their first, second- and fifth-round picks, the Senators picked Jakub Culek in the third round (76th overall), Marcus Sorensen in the fourth round (106th overall), Mark Stone in the sixth round (178th overall) and Bryce Aneloski in the seventh round (196th overall).
Throughout July, the Senators made various signings. On July 13, they signed Swiss forward and 2004 Senator draft pick Roman Wick to a one-year, entry-level contract, and re-signed Derek Smith to a one-year contract. On July 22, they re-signed forward Cody Bass to a one-year, two-way contract and forward Mike Hoffman to a one-year, entry-level contract.
Having fired Goaltending Coach Eli Wilson in January, the Senators signed former goaltender Rick Wamsley as goaltending coach on July 27. His most recent job was interim head coach of the St. Louis Blues' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Peoria Rivermen. He had at one time been Pascal Leclaire's goaltending coach with the Columbus Blue Jackets.
On August 5, the Senators re-signed Binghamton defenceman Geoff Kinrade to a one-year, two-way contract as well as signing forward and local prospect Corey Cowick to an entry-level contract. Cowick was an assistant captain with Ottawa's Ontario Hockey League (OHL) team, the Ottawa 67's, and was the Senators' sixth-round pick at the 2009 Draft.
Free agents
The Senators entered the off-season with four restricted free agents (RFAs): Chris Campoli, Nick Foligno, Peter Regin and Jesse Winchester. The team also had six unrestricted free agents (UFAs): Matt Cullen and Andy Sutton acquired via late 2009–10 season trades; Shean Donovan and Anton Volchenkov, as well as Binghamton players Martin St. Pierre and Josh Hennessy.
Of the four RFAs, all re-signed with the Senators. Winchester and Foligno each signed two-year deals on July 1 and July 21, respectively. Campoli and Regin both filed for arbitration, however they each re-signed before it reached that point. Regin signed a two-year deal on July 29, while Campoli signed a one-year deal on July 30.
Of the six UFAs, none re-signed with the Senators. On July 1, the first day of free agency, Volchenkov signed with the New Jersey Devils while Cullen signed a three-year deal with the Minnesota Wild. On August 2, Sutton signed with the Anaheim Ducks in a two-year deal. Donovan did not sign with any NHL team. St. Pierre and Hennessy both signed with teams overseas.
In terms of acquisitions, the Senators made a notable move in signing former Pittsburgh Penguins defenceman Sergei Gonchar to a three-year deal in the first hours after the July 1 free agency deadline. Other free agency acquisitions include forward Corey Locke, defenceman and enforcer Francis Lessard, defenceman David Hale and defenceman Andre Benoit.
Spezza trade speculation
In early June, an Ottawa Sun article reported that star centre Jason Spezza was "unhappy" and that there were "indications [he] may have asked for a trade." Though purely speculation, the article prompted various other Ottawa sports media sources to issue their own perspectives. Theories ranged from conjuring up various trade rumours, noting the similarity to the previous year's Dany Heatley trade demand, or to suggesting that it was just "lazy rumor mongering." Meanwhile, the Sun received criticism for its journalistic integrity to the point where they had to defend accusations that they were "anti-Spezza" This did not stop speculation, however, which was emboldened by silence both from Spezza and General Manager Bryan Murray.
Spezza finally broke the silence during his annual Celebrity Classic golf tournament on July 20:
Further, he expressed regret that the issue had become public at all. "Me and Bryan have talked since then and probably our conversation should have stayed between us", he said. "We probably wouldn’t even be talking here today. But it happened and it's a reality." His statement largely settled the rumour, apart from some minor speculation (again by Ottawa Sun columnists) that Spezza had in fact demanded a trade similar to Heatley. However, sources confirmed with Spezza's team members that the situation was "not even close to the Dany situation."
Pre-season
On June 18, the Senators announced that they would play eight pre-season games, which includes three home games, four road games and one neutral site game. The Senators faced the Toronto Maple Leafs three times, and had home-and-home sets against the Montreal Canadiens and New York Rangers. The Senators also played in the 2010 Kraft Hockeyville game in Dundas, Ontario, against the Buffalo Sabres. The game was played on September 28, 2010, at the J.L. Grightmire Market Street Arena.
Regular season
The Senators' regular season schedule was announced on June 22, 2010. The Senators opened the season at home against the Buffalo Sabres on October 8, 2010. The Senators end the season on the road against the Boston Bruins on April 9, 2011.
The Senators' goal for the season was to return to the playoffs for the 13th time in 14 seasons. Media predictions were mostly negative. The Hockey News predicted in their 2010–11 Yearbook that the Senators will finish tenth in the Eastern Conference, thereby missing the playoffs. The Hockey News writer Adam Proteau predicted the Senators will finish ninth in the Conference. The Las Vegas Hilton SportsBook set the odds at 40–1 that the Senators will win the Stanley Cup.
Within a few days of each other, two of the Senators celebrated milestones in wins. On October 22, Daniel Alfredsson scored a hat trick to reach 1,000 points in his career in a win against the Buffalo Sabres. On October 26, Sergei Gonchar played in his 1,000th game in his career. The game saw the Senators set a new team record for fastest two goals. Erik Karlsson and Alexei Kovalev scored only nine seconds apart, breaking the record of ten seconds set in 1995. The Senators defeated the Phoenix Coyotes 5–2.
On November 13, 2010, the 14-year-old daughter of Assistant Coach Luke Richardson died. The team, on a four-game road trip, returned to Ottawa for a "celebration of life" memorial service held at Scotiabank Place on November 17. Five-thousand and six-hundred mourners attended the service, including former NHL players Paul Coffey, Wendel Clark, Doug Gilmour and Tie Domi. The team flew out after the ceremony for a game against the Carolina Hurricanes that night. Richardson took a personal leave from the club. He returned to his duties with the Senators in January.
Another player reached the 1,000 point plateau on November 22 when Alexei Kovalev scored at the 10:00 minute mark of the first period. He became the third Russian player to reach the mark. Kovalev later assisted on the game-winning goal as the Senators prevailed over the Los Angeles Kings at home, 3–2.
The Senators set a new modern franchise record starting in the first period of a game of November 29 against the Edmonton Oilers through the game of December 5 against the New York Rangers. The team went through a scoring drought that lasted 202 minutes and 57 seconds without a goal. The Senators were shut out by the San Jose Sharks and Buffalo Sabres before Chris Kelly broke the streak in the second period of a game against the Rangers.
The Senators' poor performances led to constant rumours of a shakeup right through until December. The rumours were heightened in January after the team went on a lengthy losing streak. Owner Eugene Melnyk, who had remained silent during much of the streak, finally broke his silence in an exclusive interview with the Ottawa Sun. He made it clear that, despite rumours in the media to the contrary, General Manager Bryan Murray and Head Coach Cory Clouston would be allowed to finish out their contracts and would not be replaced mid-season. Melnyk also assured the team's fanbase that a "plan [was] now in motion" to return the Senators to the status of Stanley Cup contenders, and that "difficult decisions" would be made in the coming months.
Those "difficult decisions" began on February 10, 2011, when the club traded long-time centre and fan favourite Mike Fisher to the Nashville Predators for a first-round and a conditional draft pick. The trade was met with mixed reaction from the Senators' fanbase. Some viewed it as an important step in the team's rebuilding process, while others were outraged at the loss of a player who was adored within the community. That outrage was most palpable when a local Ottawa radio station suggested that Fisher's new wife Carrie Underwood was largely responsible for his move to Nashville, and subsequently banned the play of her music. Underwood is a country music singer who is based in Nashville, where Fisher had recently begun living during the off-season.
Following the Fisher trade, the Senators traded another lifetime Senator, forward Chris Kelly, to the Boston Bruins in another move which was met with mixed reaction. The team shed salary by trading Jarkko Ruutu and the under-achieving Alexei Kovalev, both of whom were to become unrestricted free agent at season's end, to playoff contenders Anaheim Ducks and Pittsburgh Penguins, respectively.
Struggling goaltender Brian Elliott, a pending restricted free agent, was sent to the Colorado Avalanche in exchange for goalie Craig Anderson, who had also been struggling through an inconsistent season.
Anderson, scheduled to become an unrestricted free agent at the end of the season, was auditioned for a possible contract extension by the organization. Ottawa later acquired goaltender Curtis McElhinney on waivers on February 28. With Pascal Leclaire's injury status unknown and future with the team in doubt, the Senators finished their schedule with a vastly different goal-tending tandem than they had begun the season with.
Following speculation that longtime Senators defenceman and looming unrestricted free agent Chris Phillips would be dealt as part of the rebuilding process, the club instead signed him to a three-year extension on February 27, the day before the trade deadline. With a group of inexperienced young defencemen expected to stock the Senators' blueline in 2011–12, Phillips' experience was deemed an important asset. Defenceman Chris Campoli was traded on deadline day to the Chicago Blackhawks for forward Ryan Potulny and a conditional second-round draft pick, as Ottawa's rebuilding process continued.
For the rest of the season, the Senators rotated call-ups from Binghamton. On March 21, after 11 games with Ottawa, Craig Anderson was signed to a four-year extension by GM Murray. After media speculation on the future of Murray within the organization, Murray re-signed as general manager on April 8 to a three-year extension. After the final game of the season on April 9, Murray dismissed Cory Clouston and his assistant coaches.
Standings
Schedule and results
Pre-season
Note: During Alfredsson's absence due to injury, the Senators have used five alternate captains on a game-to-game basis: Gonchar, Michalek, Neil, Phillips and Spezza.
Draft picks
The 2010 NHL Entry Draft was held at the Staples Center in Los Angeles June 25–26, 2010.
Farm teams
Binghamton Senators (American Hockey League (AHL))
Elmira Jackals (ECHL)
The Senators signed Kurt Kleinendorst to a two-year deal to be head coach of Binghamton. He was previously the head coach of the USA Hockey National Team Development Program, which won the Under-18 World Championship in 2010.
Binghamton qualified for the Calder Cup playoffs for the first time since 2005. After nearly being eliminated in the first round by the Manchester Monarchs, the Senators defeated the Portland Pirates in the second round and swept the Charlotte Checkers in the third round series to advance to the team's first-ever Calder Cup Final. The Senators defeated the Houston Aeros in six games to win the Calder Cup championship. Goaltender Robin Lehner was named the playoffs' Most Valuable Player and received the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy.
See also
2010–11 NHL season
References
O
2010-11
Ottawa | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Aphorista
Aphorista is a genus of handsome fungus beetles in the family Endomychidae. There are at least four described species in Aphorista.
Species
These four species belong to the genus Aphorista:
Aphorista laeta (LeConte, 1854)
Aphorista morosa (LeConte, 1859)
Aphorista ovipennis Casey
Aphorista vittata (Fabricius, 1787)
References
Further reading
Category:Endomychidae
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ryuji Yokoyama
is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays pitcher for the Hiroshima Toyo Carp.
External links
NPB.com
Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:Baseball people from Fukui Prefecture
Category:Japanese baseball players
Category:Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Category:Hiroshima Toyo Carp players
Category:Japanese baseball coaches
Category:Nippon Professional Baseball coaches | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
5th Infantry Division (Philippines)
The 5th Infantry Division, Philippine Army, known officially as the Star Division, is the Philippine Army's primary infantry unit in Northern Luzon, and specializes in anti-guerrilla warfare.
History
The division traces its history to the organization of the 5th Infantry Brigade on October 16, 1972, as a major unit of the Philippine Army pursuant to General Orders Number 153, General Headquarters, Armed Forces of the Philippines with its station located in Camp Servillano S. Aquino in San Miguel, Tarlac. Brig. Gen. Miguel M. Villamor was appointed as the Commanding General and the unit's territorial jurisdiction covered Zambales, Bataan, Bulacan, Pampanga, and portion of Quezon - north of Umiray River. On March 29, 1976, Col. Benjamin G. Santos took charge of the Brigade.
On May 11, 1981, the 5th Infantry Brigade (Separate) was elevated and became known as the 5th Infantry Division pursuant to General Orders Number 365, GHQ, AFP to address the growing threat of the local communist movement.
The 5th Infantry Division became distinguished as it spearheaded several campaigns against the local communist movement starting from the renowned Marag Valley in Cagayan, which was their sanctuary where the Headquarters of the Far North Luzon Regional Party Committee of the Northern Luzon Commission was discovered. It was also the training base of the communist forces coming from other NPA units. Marag Valley is a vast forest land extending from the foot of Mt. Siamsanderie in Luna, Apayao to the Malababie Valley in Pamplona, Cagayan. Most of the land area is thickly forested which gives an impression of “virginity” and settlements are found along the mighty Marag River. From 1990-1993, massive operations were launched to restore peace and order situation in the area and continued operations were pursued in the areas of Paco-Zinundungan complex in the same province to Mabiga-Poguin complex in Isabela.
The campaign called for the proper orchestration and synchronization of efforts of the Army with various sector organizations and the local government.
In effect, the masses started to withdraw their support from the local communist movement while several members gave up and/or surrendered to the government renouncing the bloody communist struggle. Support in urban areas fell and by 1991, they merely had some 18,000 available. The Army with the full support of various sector organizations and the local government units pressed on with the momentum to put an end to the insurgency.
In an act of desperation, the communists became suspicious of its members and began a massive internal purge of the movement that killed thousands of partisans and members on accusations of being deep penetration agents and informers of the AFP. They also started to target US servicemen with their assassination teams called "Sparrow Units" but these activities only lost them yet more support.
These solid gains serve today as the foundation of a very manageable security environment and an irreversible socio-economic up-trend in favor of the populace in Northern Luzon.
On November 7, 1994, the home of the 5th Infantry Division was transferred to Camp Upi in Gamu, Isabela and is now called Camp Melchor F Dela Cruz. The Headquarters directs and employs three infantry brigades with its operationally controlled infantry battalions strategically positioned in the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Kalinga, Apayao, Cagayan, Isabela, Ifugao, Quirino and Nueva Vizcaya.
In an effort to contribute greatly in the prevailing peace and order situation in the country, the Division sent combat units to Mindanao, particularly in Basilan and Jolo-Sulu area to bring an end to the terrorist Abu Sayyaf Group. After the 77th Infantry Battalion made a remarkable stint in the area from 1999-2001, it was replaced with the full-complement of the 53rd Division Reconnaissance Company last November 2006 to June 2007 and has significantly contributed in the hunt to destroy the notorious terrorist Abu Sayyaf Group.
The stable security environment in the areas of Northern Luzon has been laboriously achieved through the years by the diligence and selfless sacrifice of the officers and men of the 5th Infantry Division, now under the leadership of BGen Perfecto M Rimando Jr. AFP.
Mission
The mission of the 5th Infantry Division is to conduct internal security operations in the Ilocos, Cagayan Valley, and Cordillera Administrative Regions to destroy the communist terrorists and other threat groups in order to establish a physically and psychologically secured environment conducive to economic development.
Current units
Battalions
77th Infantry (Don't Dare The Double Seven) Battalion (Cadre)
17th Infantry (Do or Die) Battalion
21st Infantry (Invincible) Battalion
45th Infantry (Gallant) Battalion
54th Infantry (Magilas) Battalion
41st Infantry Battalion
50th Infantry (Defender) Battalion
86th Infantry (Highlander) Battalion
Brigades
501st Infantry (Valiant) Brigade
502nd Infantry (Liberator) Brigade
503rd Infantry (Justice and Peace) Brigade
Operations
Anti-guerrilla operations against the New People's Army
References
Official Site of the PA 5ID.
Category:Infantry divisions of the Philippines
Category:Military units and formations established in 1981
Category:Philippine Army | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Paul Fenter
Paul Fenter is a senior physicist and group leader for interfacial processes at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory. He is also the director of the Center for Electrochemical Energy Science (CEES), a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center, where he oversees research to understand interfacial reactivity and complex reaction pathways in lithium-ion battery systems.
As the director of CEES, Fenter leads a multi-institutional research program (with partners at Northwestern University, University of Illinois and Purdue University) that studies the chemical reactions that limit the lifetime and safety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). This includes studies of the interface between electrodes and the electrolytes, and approaches to stabilize the electrode-electrolyte interface. CEES also explores novel “beyond lithium ion insertion” chemistries that can lead to substantial increases in the energy storage capacity of LIBs.
Fenter specializes in developing and using X-ray-based techniques to understand the structure and reactivity at liquid-solid interfaces, including mineral-water interfaces and potential-controlled electrode-electrolyte interfaces (e.g., in batteries). For his contributions, Fenter was awarded the 2012 Bertram E. Warren Diffraction Physics Award from the American Crystallographic Association and The University of Chicago’s Board of Governors Distinguished Performance Award in 2018. He was also named a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2008 and is a member of the American Chemical Society, Materials Research Society, and Geochemical Society.
Early Career & Education
Fenter holds a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania and a bachelor of science degree in physics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He did his postdoctoral studies at Princeton University then joined Argonne in 1997 as a physicist. Fenter has led the Interfacial Processes group since 2000 and was promoted to senior physicist in 2007. Fenter became director of the Center for Electrochemical Energy Science in 2014. While under his leadership, CEES contributed several new insights on interfacial systems, and was recognized by the DOE for making a pivotal discovery in battery technology. Fenter is also an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Research
Enhancing X-rays methods for interfacial studies
Much of Fenter’s career has focused on developing ways to extend the capabilities of X-ray scattering, spectroscopy, and microscopy techniques for analyzing interfacial processes. One example is the demonstration of “model-independent imaging” as a conceptual approach for visualizing the distribution of an element near interfaces through the use of phase-sensitive measurements (including resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity and X-ray standing waves). Through his research Fenter has helped extend what this technique is capable of measuring and applied it to studies of mineral-water dynamics. He also invented a novel X-ray microscope that can image sub-nanometer high interfacial topography and dissolution dynamics.
Understanding mineral interactions with water
Fenter uses these X-ray based approaches to understand what happens at the liquid-solid interfaces found in natural systems and batteries. In natural systems, the interactions between water, dissolved ions, and minerals are fundamental to many chemical processes, like ion exchange and environmental transport. Fenter has leveraged X-ray approaches to uncover new details about the structure of water at the interface, and the arrangement of ions at charged mineral-water interfaces, known as the “electrical double layer”.
Honors
Awarded Board of University of Chicago’s Governors’ Distinguished Performance Award, 2018
Awarded Bertram E. Warren Diffraction Physics Award from the American Crystallographic Association, 2012
Named Fellow of the American Physical Society, 2008
References
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Una Ross, 25th Baroness de Ros
Una Mary Ross, 25th Baroness de Ros of Helmsley (born Lady Una Mary Dawson) (5 October 1879 – 9 October 1956), succeeded her mother to the title in 1943. She was the daughter of Anthony, 3rd Earl of Dartrey, and his wife, Mary, Countess of Dartrey, who held the barony in her own right.
The 25th Baroness married Arthur John Ross (killed in action 1917) on 30 July 1904, and they had at least two children:
Lieutenant Commander The Hon. Peter Ross, RN (8 August 1906 – 1940 [killed on active service]), married on 10 September 1929 to The Hon. Angela Dixon, from whom descends the current holders of the title:
Georgiana Maxwell, 26th Baroness de Ros (1933–1983)
Hon. Rosemary Ross (born 14 January 1937), married in 1973 to Beresford Osborne, and had:
Joanna Elizabeth Osborne (born 1975), unmarried and without issue
The Hon. Charles Dudley Anthony Ross (5 October 1907 – 1976), married firstly on 31 August 1940 to Lady Elizabeth Jocelyn (died 1982) and secondly in 1953 to Mary Margaret Graham (died 1994), without issue, and had by first wife:
Anthony Arthur Ross (born 27 July 1941), married in 1969 to Joan Cahn, and had:
Zara Gail Ross (born 1971), married in 1994 to Stephen Mark Sanders, and had:
Devon James Sanders (1995)
Jadon Dean Sanders (1996)
Brandon Michael Sanders (1998)
Deborah Kim Ross (born 1972), unmarried and had:
Taylor Jade Ross (1999)
References
"de Ros, Baron (Maxwell) (Baron E 1264)." Debrett's Peerage & Baronetage 1995. London: Debrett's Peerage Limited, 1995. pp. 362–363.
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Category:1879 births
Category:1956 deaths
Category:Hereditary women peers | {
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Head of the Chuvash Republic
The position of the Head of the Chuvash Republic, known as the President of the Chuvash Republic until 2011, is the highest office within the Government of the Chuvash Republic in Russia. The Head is elected by citizens of Russia residing in the republic. Term of service is five years.
The latest election for the office was held on 13 September 2015.
References
External links
Russian republics
Category:Politics of Chuvashia
Chuvash | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jesenje
Jesenje is a municipality in the Krapina-Zagorje County in Croatia. In the 2011 census, there were a total of 1,560 inhabitants. The absolute majority of the population are Croats at 99.36%. The population is distributed in the following settlements:
Brdo Jesenjsko, population 169
Cerje Jesenjsko, population 158
Donje Jesenje, population 359
Gornje Jesenje, population 749
Lužani Zagorski, population 125
References
Category:Populated places in Krapina-Zagorje County
Category:Municipalities of Croatia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Atewa Range Forest Reserve
The Atewa Range (also called the Atiwa-Atwaredu ranges) is in the Akyem Abuakwa region of southeastern Ghana, near the town of Kibi, and south-west of the Kwahu Plateau which forms the south-west boundary of Lake Volta. The range runs roughly north-south, consisting of steep-sided hills with fairly flat summits. It is the last remains of the Cenozoic peneplain that once covered southern Ghana, and contains ancient bauxitic soils. The range is the site of an important forest reserve, and the source of three major rivers.
Forest Reserve
A large area of the range has been declared a forest reserve, including about 17,400 hectares of upland evergreen forest, rare for Ghana. The reserve is managed by the Forestry Commission of Ghana in collaboration with other stakeholders, key among them is the Okyeman Environment Foundation, which has restricted people from farming in the area and instead is trying to encourage eco-tourism. However, the reserve is under pressure from logging and hunting for bushmeat. It may also be vulnerable to mining exploration activities, since the reserve contains gold deposits as well as low-grade bauxite.
Many of the plant species occur only in this part of Ghana, or in few other localities and part was declared as a specially protected GSBA (Globally significant Biodiversity area) following a national botanic survey of forest reserves by Ghana Forestry Dept. in the 1990s. The forest reserve contains many birds that are rare elsewhere in Ghana including afep pigeon, olive long-tailed cuckoo, African broadbill, least honeyguide, spotted honeyguide, common bristlebill and blue-headed crested-flycatcher. In a 2006 expedition to survey the reserve, scientists discovered two rare and possibly endangered species of primate in the reserve: Geoffroy's pied colobus (Colobus vellerosus) and the olive colobus (Procolobus verus), as well as 17 rare butterfly species and the critically endangered frog species Conraua derooi. Butterfly species include the Papilio antimachus, which has the widest wingspan in the world and the Mylothris atewa, which may be globally critically endangered.
As of 2016, there is an ongoing campaign to promote Atewa to national park status.
Rivers
The Atewa range is the source of three important rivers: the Ayensu and Densu Rivers which flow south into the Atlantic, and the Birim which makes a long detour north and southwest around the Atewa range before joining the Pra River. The Birim, which flows through all the three of the traditional Akyem areas of Ghana, is an important but declining source of diamonds.
References
External links
Category:Mountains of Ghana
Category:National parks of Ghana | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Chris Macari
Christian Gabriel Ledru Macari (born February 8, 1980) is a French music video director and producer from the French West Indies. Through his company, Tchimbé Raid Production, he has released more than 50 videos of Hip Hop, RnB, Reggae-Dancehall and Zouk since 2006. He was honoured in 2008 at the Paris Olympia for his production of Le Combat Continue 3 by Kery James. He is active on the French Hip Hop scene.
He undertook a career in direction and production, and has worked with artists such as Snoop Dogg, Bushido, Fler, Booba, Damani, Kery James, La Fouine, Mac Tyer, Mokobé, Soprano, Rim'K, Sefyu, Rohff, Nessbeal, Casey, Despo, Soprano, 113, Princess Lover, Tina, Ali Angel, and Tony Parker.
Style
Influenced during his youth by Spike Lee, Hype Williams, Chris Robinson, Ridley Scott, Tony Scott, Martin Scorsese, John Singleton and actors such as Denzel Washington and Samuel L. Jackson, Macari has a style described as dark, with original cinematographic touches.
Awards
Macari won the award of Best Hip Hop Video in 2008 at the Olympia for the second sequel of "Les Trophées de l’Année du Hip Hop” for "Le Combat Continue 3" by Kery James He was the winner of the RFO contest "Best Short Movie Amateur" in 2003 for his movie Tchimbe Raid.
Personal life
Macari was born in the Val de Marne in France, and left with his parents for Martinique two weeks after his birth. He grew up on Martinique, first in Carbet, and then in Shcoelcher. He was educated in the capital city, Fort-de-France. He went to Ernest Renan Secondary School and to Victor Schoelcher High School. He graduated with an A-level in economics in 1998, and went to Paris for graphic art studies at the Grande Ecole of ESAG Penninghen, obtaining a diploma with honours in 2003.
Videography
April 2014: "Level" - Fler
April 2014: "Une vie" - Booba
November 2013: "Parlons Peu" - Booba
October 2013: "63" - Kaaris
September 2013 : "RTC" - Booba
August 2013: "High Heels" - Fler featuring Jihad and Animus
June 2013 : "Turfu" - Booba
May 2013 : "Chrome" - Fler
October 2012 : "Hinter blauen Augen" - Fler
September 2012 : "Caramel" - Booba
September 2012 : "Nummer Eins" - Fler
August 2012 : "Vlog Geneve La Reunion" - Booba
July 2012 : "Zoe Bras/Zoe In Me" - Gato Da Bato
July 2012 : "Vlog La Guadeloupe Montreal" - Booba
June 2012 : "Scarface Remix" - Tyla
May 2012 : "A4" - Booba
May 2012 : "Ni++er" - Mac Tyer featuring Despo'Rutti
April 2012 : "Vlog Congo Part.2" - Booba
April 2012 : "Casque Integral" - Dosseh & Kozi
April 2012 : "Vlog Congo Part.1" - Booba
March 2012 :" Classico" - Rim'K
February 2012 : "Portrait Robot" - Rim K
February 2012 : "Dans Ton Kwaah" - Niro
Décember 2011 : "Corner" de Gato Da Bato Featuring Booba
Décember 2011 : "Hors Catégorie" - Niro
Décember 2011 : "Vaisseau Mère" - Booba
November 2011 : "Gingerwine" - Nessbeal
November 2011 : "La nébuleuse des aigles" - Nessbeal featuring Isleym
November 2011 : "Africa Shootez Ballon(Official Song of the CAN Orange 2012)" - Jon Loo K
November 2011 : "Paname" - Booba
October 2011 : "Ce N'Etait Pas Le Deal" - Mac Tyer
October 2011 : "Cruella" - Shay featuring Booba
October 2011 : "Gunshot" - Nessbeal
October 2011 : "Bakel City Gang" - Booba
August 2011 : "L'histoire d'un mec qui coule" - Nessbeal
June 2011: "Comme Une Etoile" - Booba
April 2011: "Régime Militaire" - Abou2ner
April 2011: " Killer" – Booba
April 2011: "Le Legiste" – Kaaris
April 2011: "Leader" – OGB ft IAM & Mafia K'1 Fry
March 2011: "Saddam Hauts de Seine" – Booba
January 2011: "Abracadabra" – Booba
December 2010: "On pense a vous" – 113 ft Amel Bent
November 2010: "Ma Couleur" – Booba
October 2010: "Jour De Paye" – Booba
October 2010: "Chez Nous" – Les Associés
October 2010: "Weg eines Kriegers" – Berlins Most Wanted
September 2010: "Berlins Most Wanted" – Berlins Most Wanted
September 2010: "Caesar Palace" – Booba
August 2010: "Mali Debout" – Mokobe
July 2010: "Dinguerie" – 113
June 2010: "Golo" – La Comera
June 2010: "Ca Chante" – SMOD
June 2010: "Lamborghini" – Green
May 2010: "Nu Lajan" – Gato Da Bato Feat Booba
May 2010: "Dangeroots" – Despo Rutti
April 2010: "Tony A Tué Manny" – Mac Tyer
April 2010: "Redemption" – Despo Rutti
April 2010: "Viser La Victoire" – Admiral T feat Medine & La Fouine
Mars 2010: "Chacun Son Vice" – Alonzo (feat. Ekila)
March 2010: "Ca Bouge Pas" – Nessbeal
March 2010: "Here Comes Damani" – Damani Feat. Snoop Dogg
March 2010: "So" (directed in December 2006) – Mac Tyer
March 2010: "Créature Ratée" – Casey
February 2010: "Foetus" – Booba
February 2010: "Braquage Vocal" – Alonzo
December 2009: "Banlieue Sale" – La Fouine (Feat.Nessbeal)
December 2009: "Je suis le quartier" – Alonzo
November 2009: "Krav Maga" – La Fouine
October 2009: "Rats Des Villes" – Booba
June 2009: "Double Poney" – Booba
June 2009: "Bande A Part" – Mala
May 2009: "Sévère" – Rohff
May 2009: "We We We" – Seth Gueko
April 2009: "Le Son Des Capuches" – Seth Gueko
March 2009: "Amnezia" – Nessbeal
March 2009: "Truc De Ouf" – Kennedy
February 2009: "Game Over" – Booba
February 2009: "Mauvais Œil Dans Le Périmètre" – Mac Tyer
January 2009: "Aigle Royal" – Dosseh
January 2009: "Discret" – AP
December 2008: "Rap Game" – Rohff
November 2008: "Progress" – Rohff ft Junior Reid
October 2008: "Ghetto Boyz/Vroum Vroum" – Mac Tyer
July 2008: "Terrain Vague" Rim K
June 2008: "Le Loup Dans La Bergerie" – Nessbeal
June 2008: "On Aime ca" – Nessbeal
April 2008: "RSC (rois sans couronne)" – Nessbeal
March 2008: "Hustler" – Krys (ft. Vybz Kartel + Aidonia)
February 2008: "Dernière Chance" – Lea Castel (ft. Soprano)
February 2008: "Laisse Moi Dans Mon Bunker" – Fat Taf (ft. Despo'Rutti)
January 2008: "Parloir Fantôme" – Rim K ft. Sefyu
December 2007: "Clandestino" – Rim K
November 2007: "Le Combat Continue part III" – Kery James
October 2007: "Safari" – Mokobe
September 2007: "L'Espoir des Favelas" – Rim K
July 2007: "Elle M'Envie" – Princess Lover
July 2007: "Mon Soleil (New Version)" – Princess Lover
May 2007: "Paroles de Soninke" – Mokobe, 113
March 2007: "Balance Toi" – Tony Parker
January 2007: "Chez Moi" – Casey
November 2006: "Bolides" – Despo Rutti
October 2006: "Vini" – Tina
September 2006: "Please Love Me" – Marco Polo
June 2006: "9.3. Tu Peux Pas Test" – Mac Tyer
June 2006: "Emeutiers" – Insurrection
May 2006: "Cliches" – Mac Kregor
April 2006: "Ali & Marisa" – Lovely
April 2006: "Trafic de Stereotypes" – Despo Rutti
April 2006: "Stop" – Hiroshimaa
January 2006: "7eme Ciel" – Jamice
January 2006: "Fermes Tes Yeux" – 2 Wayz
December 2005: "Juste Nous" – Ali Angel
October 2005: "Snake Me" – Warren
October 2005: "Je te Donne" – Warren
September 2005: "Vitry Nocturne" – 113
June 2005: – "Ailleurs" West Isle
March/April 2005: "On Ira Bien" – LS
February/March 2005: "Rap & Biz" – Weedy
January/February 2005: "Invincible" – O.G Plasm
January 2005: "Madd Thing" – Madd Youths Records
September 2004: "Pa meny.. Mwen" – Tendance 09 vol.1
September 2005/April 2006: "Morgane de Clara" – Clara Morgane
December 2004: school film for Supinfo – Institute of Information Technology
August 2004: "Je Doute" – Tendance 09 vol.1
August 2004: "Dommage" – Tendance 09 vol.1
2003: "The Letter" – Tchimbe Raid Production
References
External links
Official website of Chris Macari
My Space Official
Facebook Official
Category:French music video directors
Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Créteil
Category:French people of Martiniquais descent | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Scotch Hill, West Virginia
Scotch Hill is an unincorporated community located in Preston County, West Virginia.
A large share of the early miners at Scotch Hill being of Scotch descent caused the name to be selected.
References
Category:Unincorporated communities in West Virginia
Category:Unincorporated communities in Preston County, West Virginia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Government Post Graduate Jahanzeb College
Government Post Graduate Jahanzeb College is one of the pioneer institutes of higher education in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It was founded by the ex-ruler of Swat State, in order to provide education to the populace of the region. It is in the Malakand division.
The college offers both arts and science learning opportunities to the students and affiliated with the University of Swat. The College has been built in the shape of "E".
Inception
His Highness, Miangul Abdul Haq Jahanzeb, the former ruler of Swat state, built a lot of schools in every corner of his domain, including the erection of the building of Jahanzeb College in 1952.
The buildings of Jahanzeb College can be seen in clusters sprawling on both sides of the road that links Mingora and Saidu Sharif.
Post Graduate Departments
Deptt of: Computer Science
Deptt of: Economics
Deptt of: Botany
Deptt of: Mathematics:
Deptt of: Chemistry
Deptt of: English
Deptt of: Physics
Deptt of: Urdu
Under Graduate Departments
Deptt of: Computer Science
Deptt of: Library Science
Deptt of: Political Science
Deptt of: Physical Education
Deptt of: Urdu
Deptt of: History
Deptt of: Geography
Deptt of: Statistics
Deptt of: Mathematics
Deptt of: Zoology
Deptt of: Pakistan Studies
Deptt of; physics
Hostel facilities
The College has five hostels which are located in close proximity to the main building;
Saidu Hostel: (1953)
Saidu Hostel has two storey building with a capacity of 120 boarders for intermediate section.
Federal Hostel: (1973)
Federal Hostel has two Storey building with a capacity of 52 boarders for degree level and located in neighbourhood of Saidu Hostel.
Girls Hostel: (2003).
Girls hostel has two storey building with Limited boarders capacity for Post Graduate level students.
Mingora Hostel: (1956).
Mingora Hostel has three Storey building with a Capacity of 200 boarders for Postgraduate level students and situated near grassy ground.
Bachelor’s Hostel: ( 1984).
Bachelor's Hostel has two Storey building and is reserve for teachers only.
References
Category:Public universities and colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Category:Educational institutions established in 1952
Category:1952 establishments in Pakistan | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Breather surface
In differential equations, a breather surface is a mathematical surface relating to breathers.
Parameterization
where 0 < a < 1.
References
Xah Lee Web - Surface Gallery
Category:Surfaces
Category:Mathematics articles needing expert attention
Category:Differential equations | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Pteropyrum
Pteropyrum is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae. Plants of the World Online accepts two species, native to Iran, Oman and the Gulf States.
Description
Species of Pteropyrum are shrubs. The few leaves may be arranged alternately or in bundles (fascicled). The ochrea is short. The flowers are small and bisexual, with five tepals, two outer and three inner, the three inner clasping the fruit when it forms. There are eight stamens. The ovary is three-angled with three styles. The fruit has three broad wings.
Taxonomy
The genus was erected by Hippolyte François Jaubert and Édouard Spach in 1844. It is placed in the subfamily Polygonoideae, tribe Calligoneae, along with its sister genus Calligonum.
Species
, sources varied considerably in the number of species assigned to the genus. Plants of the World Online accepted the following two species:
Pteropyrum aucheri Jaub. & Spach (synonym Pteropyrum ericoides Boiss.)
Pteropyrum scoparium Jaub. & Spach
Other sources listed more species, some with an "unresolved" status. These include:
Pteropyrum olivierii Jaub. & Spach (synonyms Pteropyrum gracile Boiss., Pteropyrum griffithii Meisn.)
Pteropyrum naufelum Al-Khayat
References
Category:Polygonoideae
Category:Polygonaceae genera
Category:Flora of Iran
Category:Flora of Oman
Category:Flora of the Gulf States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
County of Pallars Jussà
The County of Pallars Jussà or Lower Pallars was a county in the Hispanic March during the eleventh and twelfth centuries, long after the march had ceased to be effectively administered by the Kings of France. It was a division of the County of Pallars, which had been de facto, and possible de jure, independent since the late ninth century. It roughly corresponded with the modern Catalan comarca of Pallars Jussà.
Division of Pallars
In 1011, Sunyer of Pallars died and by his testament his county was divided between his sons, the eldest, Raymond III, receiving Pallars Jussà and the younger, William II, receiving Pallars Sobirà. Pallars Jussà comprised the valley of Flamicell, the left bank of the Noguera Ribagorzana, and Pobla de Segur. It had a frontier with the Moorish Conca de Tremp and Montsec and its capital was at Segur.
By the year 1000, the economic and social centre of Pallars was located in the Pobla de Segur and Tremp, in Pallars Jussà. It was wealthier than Pallars Sobirà and capable of expansion in the Reconquista against the Muslim territory to its south. Raymond III, however, ignored the opportunities of war with the Moor, rather leaving the such venues open to Arnau Mir de Tost, a baron from the County of Urgell. Raymond IV, son and successor of Raymond III, was also prevented from concentrating on the border by the attacks of his neighbours, his cousin Artau I of Pallars Sobirà, Ermengol III of Urgell, and the noble family of the Vallferrera.
War with Pallars Sobirà
In Pallars Jussà during the eleventh century the comital power was violently reduced by the incessant attacks of the rebellious nobility, supported as they were by Artau of Pallars Sobirà and Ermengold of Urgell, who intended to extend his own border to the Muslim kingdom of Lleida. Because Pallars Jussà was so much richer and populous than the poor and mountainous Pallars Sobirà, the nobles of the latter country designed to eliminate the authority of Raymond IV in the former country. Artau himself was barely a count, more so the war leader of a band of powerful feudatories whose objective was the pillage of the wealthier rural communities of the lower territories of Pallars Jussà and the repeal of their rights of tax exemption and other immunities. The peasants of Pallars Jussà were heavily burdened by arbitrary exactions, forced labour, and military service. The barons had the right to exact toltae, forciae, and usatici, that is, "customary levies."
In the ensuing war, Raymond IV lost most of his fortresses, including his capital, Segur.
With reduction of their count, the nobles of Pallars Jussà took the opportunity to renounce their obligations to him and to secure their position in the castles as private properties. Many of them allied with Artau. It was only with the aid of the Moors, received sometime before Artau's death in 1081, that Raymond IV was able to regain his position and establish a peace in his Pallars Jussà. The peace lasted a long time, for the son of Artau I, Artau II (1081–1124), is recorded as never having fought with his relatives of Pallars Jussà.
Catalan leadership
In 1055, Raymond IV completed a marriage alliance with Arnau Mir by wedding his daughter Valença. Their successors reigned down until 1124 when the last of them, Bernard Raymond, who had fought with Raymond Berengar III of Barcelona against Lleida, died in the Battle of Corbins. Bernard was succeeded by his nephew Arnau Mir, who moved in the orbit of Alfonso the Battler and participated in the negotiations which followed the retirement of Ramiro II of Aragon in 1137. He was a faithful follower of Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona and Alfonso II of Aragon, who granted him the city of Fraga.
Around 1161, Arnau founded the new city of Vilanova de Pallars (Palau Noguera), which he granted a charter of tax exemption in 1168. Arnau by his will left Pallars Jussà to the suzerainty of the Knights Hospitaller, but his son Raymond V repudiated this. When Raymond's heiress, Valença, died heirless, she was succeeded by Dolça de Só, the daughter of Bernard Raymond. On 27 May 1192, she donated the county to Alfonso and the Crown of Aragon (specifically the Kingdom of Aragon) with the recognition "of many knights and other good men of the land." Pallars Jussà was the last major county to be annexed to the Crown. Urgell remained independent and Pallars Sobirà and Empúries were minor counties in comparison.
In the late eleventh century, a troop of mercenaries called paillers probably hailed from Pallars, though the contemporary chronicler Geoffrey of Vigeois derives the name from palearii (strawmen). The paillers were active in the early wars involving Raymond V of Toulouse and the Albigensians.
List of counts
Raymond III (1011–1047)
Raymond IV (1047–1098)
Arnold Raymond (1098–1112)
Peter Raymond (1098–1112)
Bernard Raymond (1112–1124)
Arnold Mir (1124–1174)
Raymond V (1174–1177)
Valença (1177–1182)
Dulce de So (1182–1192)
Sources
Bisson, Thomas N. "The Problem of Feudal Monarchy: Aragon, Catalonia, and France." Speculum, 53:3 (Jul., 1978), pp 460–478.
Bisson, Thomas N. "Celebration and Persuasion: Reflections on the Cultural Evolution of Medieval Consultation." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 7:2 (May, 1982), pp 181–204.
Bisson, Thomas N. "Unheroed Pasts: History and Commemoration in South Frankland before the Albigensian Crusades." Speculum, 65:2 (Apr., 1990), pp 281–308.
Freedman, Paul. "Military Orders and Peasant Servitude in Catalonia: Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries." The Hispanic American Historical Review, 65:1 (Feb., 1985), pp 91–110.
Cheyette, Fredric L. Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001.
Notes
Category:Medieval Catalonia
Pallars Jussà
Category:Pallars | {
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Maharaja's College, Mysore
Maharaja's College, Mysore (1889) is a college affiliated to Mysore University.
History
The college finds its origins in the English-school known as "Maharaja Patashala" established by Maharaja of Mysore, Krishnaraja Wadiyar III in 1833, at the request of a British officer, General Fraser. Subsequently, it became a High School, and in 1868, after the death of Maharaja was handed over to the Government of Mysore. The foundation stone of the present building was laid by Prince Albert Victor of Wales during his tour of India on 27 November 1889 in Mysore, during the reign Chamarajendra Wadiyar X. In 1879, the college was upgraded and became affiliated with University of Madras, it was upgraded to the first grade college in 1894.
The building was constructed at a cost of Rs 9.41 lakh at the time, The architecture was highlighted by arcaded verandahs on two floors, a central mansard roof and projecting end-blocks. It alsoemployed ornate elements like impost mouldings and pilastered capitals. Nearly four decades later, the building of Yuvaraja's College, constructed near by in 1927 was modelled on the Maharaja's college building.
The college took its present shape when the University of Mysore was established in 1916. The university started functioning from college campus itself and VC's office remained here till 1947 when Crawford Hall was built. M.A. courses were started at the college in 1917. It went on to be a pioneer in the education. The college has had distinguished teachers such as Prof. JC Rollo, Albert Mackintosh, Kuvempu, Shama Rao, K. Hanumanta Rao, and Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1918-1921) besides notable alumni like writer R.K. Narayan.
As of July 2013, the University of Mysore was accredited "Grade A" by National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), while its academic staff was ranked amongst the top 5 in across India.
Former faculty
J. C. Rollo
Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy
V. L. D'Souza, Former Vice-chancellor of Mysore University
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.
S. Srikanta Sastri-Historian,Indologist & Polyglot
Yamunacharya, Professor of Philosophy
K. V. Puttappa (Kuvempu)
T. S. Venkannaiah.
M. Hiriyanna, Professor of Sanskrit, Philosophy and Aesthetics
H. H. Annaiah Gowda
M. N. Srinivas, Renowned Sociologist
S. R. Rao, Archaeologist
M. H. Krishna, Historian and Archaeologist
Ralapalli Anantha Krishna Sharma, Telugu and Sanskrit Scholar and Musicologist
Venkatagiri Gowda, Economist
C. D. Narasimhaiah, Writer and literary critic, former Principal and Padma Bhushan awardee
S Krishnaswamy Iyengar,Professor, Statistics
Academics
Courses
M.Sc. in Geographical Information System
M.Sc. in Criminology and Forensic Science
M.A. in Political Science
M.A. in International Relations
Notable alumni
Y. G. Krishnamurthy, Author, Freedom Fighter and Yogi
H. Narayan Murthy
S. M. Krishna
R. K. Laxman
M. V. Seetharamiah
S. Srikanta Sastri
D. L. Narasimhachar
R. K. Narayan
A. R. Krishnashastry
Kuvempu
S L Bhyrappa
Venkataramiah Sitaramiah
G. S. Shivarudrappa
M. V. Krishnaswamy, Film Director
H. Y. Sharada Prasad, Writer, Information Adviser to the Prime Minister
P. Lankesh
Govindray H. Nayak
Poornachandra Tejaswi
T. N. Srikantaiah
T. S. Shama Rao.ತ.ಸು.ಶಾಮರಾವ್
Dr S. Ramaswamy, Fellow of Silliman College, Yale University
M. Rajashekharamurthy, Former Union Minister of State for Planning (INDIA)
Triveni, Kannada Novelist
Aryamba Pattabhi, Kannada Novelist
Chaduranga, Kannada Novelist
B. Prasanna Kumar, Politician
S.V. Setty, The first Indian Aviator
Image gallery
See also
Krishnaraja Boulevard
Oriental Library
Chamarajapuram railway station
Ballal Circle
Crawford Hall
References
External links
Maharaja's College, Mysore, Official website
Category:Universities and colleges in Mysore
Category:Kingdom of Mysore
Category:University of Mysore
Category:Colleges affiliated to University of Mysore
Category:Academic institutions formerly affiliated with the University of Madras
Category:Educational institutions established in 1889 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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List of Tor onion services
This is a categorized list of notable onion services (formerly, hidden services) accessible through the Tor anonymity network. Defunct services are marked.
Hidden services by category
Commerce
Agora (defunct)
Atlantis (defunct)
AlphaBay (defunct)
Black Market Reloaded (defunct)
Dream Market (defunct)
Evolution (defunct)
The Farmer's Market (defunct)
Hansa (defunct)
Sheep Marketplace (defunct)
Silk Road (defunct)
TheRealDeal (defunct)
Utopia (defunct)
Communications
Messaging
Cryptocat(defunct)
Ricochet (software)
Keybase
TorChat (defunct)
Software
Mailpile
Email providers
Bitmessage.ch
ProtonMail
Riseup
Tor Mail (defunct)
SIGAINT (defunct)
File storage
Free Haven – A distributed anonymous file storage system that places focus on persistent availability of data. The MIT students' work on the project led to collaboration with DARPA to develop Tor.
The Pirate Bay, a BitTorrent tracker
Freedom Hosting (defunct) – Formerly the largest Tor-specific web host, until the arrest of its owner in August 2013.
KickassTorrents, a BitTorrent tracker (defunct)
Financial
Blockchain.info, a popular bitcoin blockchain explorer service.
Bitcoin Fog, a cryptocurrency tumbler.
Helix (defunct).
Government
National Police and Public Prosecution Service of the Netherlands — official hidden service about darknet market takedown operations.
Central Intelligence Agency
Hidden services directories, portals, and information
The Hidden Wiki
1.1.1.1
News and document archives
Archive.is
BBC News
BuggedPlanet
The New York Times
Deutsche Welle
Wikipedia (accessible only via telnet)(defunct)
DeepDotWeb (defunct)
Doxbin (defunct)
Operating systems
Tails OS - Live, portable, amnesiac operating system (run off USB)
Debian (static Web content and package repositories)
Qubes OS – security-focused desktop operating system
Whonix – Debian-based security distribution
Whistleblowing / Drop sites
GlobaLeaks
Independent Media Center
The Intercept
Filtrala, a Spanish whistleblowing initiative operated by Associated Whistleblowing Press
Ljost, an Icelandic whistleblowing initiative operated by Associated Whistleblowing Press
NawaatLeaks, an Arabic whistleblowing initiative operated by Nawaat
ProPublica
WildLeaks, a wildlife-crime whistleblowing initiative operated by Elephant Action League
WikiLeaks
Nonprofit organizations
Courage Foundation
Freedom of the Press Foundation
Front Line Defenders
La Quadrature du Net
Telecomix
Pornography
Pornhub
Lolita City (defunct)
Playpen (defunct)
Childs Play (defunct)
Search engines
Ahmia, hidden service for search
BTDigg
Cliqz
DuckDuckGo
MetaGer
Sci-Hub, search engine which bypasses paywalls to provide free access to scientific and academic research papers and articles
Searx
The Pirate Bay
Grams (defunct)
Social media and forums
8chan – an imageboard
facebookcorewwwi.onion – Facebook
The Hub
The Daily Stormer - Neo-Nazi website
Darkode (defunct)
Dread
HackBB (defunct)
Tor Carding Forum (defunct)
Russian Anonymous Marketplace (defunct)
See also
Darknet
SecureDrop, a secure communications platform for use between journalists and sources. The first implementation was The New Yorker's Strongbox website.
Tor2web, clearnet to hidden service software
References
External links
Real-World Onion Sites on GitHub
Tor hidden services
Tor (anonymity network), hidden services
Tor (anonymity network), hidden services
* | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Corinth Township, Humboldt County, Iowa
Corinth Township is one of twelve townships in Humboldt County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its unincorporated population was 366. Corinth Township also contains most of the largest town in Humboldt County, Humboldt.
History
Corinth Township was organized in 1879.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Corinth Township covers an area of ; of this, is land and is water.
Cities, towns, villages
Humboldt
Adjacent townships
Rutland Township (north)
Grove Township (northeast)
Beaver Township (east)
Badger Township, Webster County (southeast)
Deer Creek Township, Webster County (south)
Jackson Township, Webster County (southwest)
Weaver Township (west)
Avery Township (northwest)
Cemeteries
The township contains Indian Mound Cemetery, Oakwood Cemetery, and Our Saviors Cemetery. St. Mary's Cemetery is located within the Humboldt city limits.
Political districts
Iowa's 4th congressional district
State House District 4
References
United States Census Bureau 2008 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
United States Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)
United States National Atlas
External links
US-Counties.com
City-Data.com
Category:Townships in Humboldt County, Iowa
Category:Populated places established in 1876
Category:Townships in Iowa
Category:1876 establishments in Iowa | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
1955 Wake Forest Demon Deacons baseball team
The 1955 Wake Forest Demon Deacons baseball team represented Wake Forest University in the 1955 NCAA baseball season. The team was coached by Taylor Sanford in his 5th season at Wake Forest.
The Demon Deacons won the College World Series, defeating the Western Michigan Broncos in the championship game.
Roster
Schedule
Awards and honors
Bill Barnes
All-ACC Second Team
Tommy Cole
All-ACC First Team
Lefty Davis
All-ACC First Team
Linwood Holt
All-America First Team
All-ACC First Team
Luther McKeel
All-ACC First Team
Harold Moore
All-ACC Second Team
References
Wake Forest
Category:Wake Forest Demon Deacons baseball seasons
Category:College World Series seasons
Category:NCAA Division I Baseball Championship seasons
Category:Atlantic Coast Conference baseball champion seasons
Wake For | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Hellenistic influence on Indian art
Hellenistic influence on Indian art reflects the artistic influence of the Greeks on Indian art following the conquests of Alexander the Great, from the end of the 4th century BCE to the first centuries of our era. The Greeks in effect maintained a political presence at the doorstep, and sometimes within India, down to the 1st century CE with the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and the Indo-Greek Kingdoms, with many noticeable influences on the arts of the Maurya Empire (c.321–185 BCE) especially. Hellenistic influence on Indian art was also felt for several more centuries during the period of Greco-Buddhist art.
Historical context
Pre-Hellenistic influences (518–327 BCE)
Coin finds in the Chaman Hazouri hoard in Kabul or the Shaikhan Dehri hoard in Pushkalavati have revealed numerous Achaemenid coins as well as many Greek coins from the 5th and 4th centuries BCE were circulating in the area, at least as far as the Indus during the rule of the Achaemenids, who were in control of the areas as far as Gandhara. In 2007 a small coin hoard was discovered at the site of ancient Pushkalavati (Shaikhan Dehri) in Pakistan, containing a tetradrachm minted in Athens c. 500/490 – 485 BCE, together with a number of local types as well as silver cast ingots. The Athens coin is the earliest known example of its type to be found so far to the east.
According to Joe Cribb, these early Greek coins were at the origin of Indian punch-marked coins, the earliest coins developed in India, which used minting technology derived from Greek coinage. Daniel Schlumberger also considers that punch-marked bars, similar to the many punch-marked bars found in northwestern India, initially originated in the Achaemenid Empire, rather than in the Indian heartland:
Hellenistic period (327 BCE onward)
The Greek conquests in India under Alexander the Great were limited in time (327–326 BCE) and in extent, but they had extensive long term effects as Greeks settled for centuries at the doorstep of India. Soon after the departure of Alexander, the Greeks (described as Yona or Yavana in Indian sources from the Greek "Ionian") may then have participated, together with other groups, in the armed uprising of Chandragupta Maurya against the Nanda Dynasty around 322 BCE, and gone as far as Pataliputra for the capture of the city from the Nandas. The Mudrarakshasa of Visakhadutta as well as the Jaina work Parisishtaparvan talk of Chandragupta's alliance with the Himalayan king Parvatka, often identified with Porus. According to these accounts, this alliance gave Chandragupta a composite and powerful army made up of Yavanas (Greeks), Kambojas, Shakas (Scythians), Kiratas (Nepalese), Parasikas (Persians) and Bahlikas (Bactrians) who took Pataliputra.
After these events, the Greeks were able to maintain a structured presence at the door of India for about three centuries, through the Seleucid Empire and the Greco-Bactrian kingdom, down to the time of the Indo-Greek kingdoms, which ended sometimes in the 1st century CE. During that time, the city of Ai-Khanoum, capital of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, and the capitals of the Indo-Greek Kingdom, the cities of Sirkap, founded in what is now Pakistan on the Greek Hippodamian grid plan, and Sagala, now located in Pakistan 10 km from the border with India, interacted heavily with the Indian subcontinent. It is considered that Ai-Khanoum and Sirkap may have been primary actors in transmitting Western artistic influence to India, for example in the creation of the quasi-Ionic Pataliputra capital or the floral friezes of the Pillars of Ashoka. Numerous Greek ambassadors, such as Megasthenes, Deimachus and Dionysius, stayed at the Mauryan court in Pataliputra.
The scope of adoption goes from designs such as the bead and reel pattern, the central flame palmette design and a variety of other moldings, to the lifelike rendering of animal sculpture and the design and function of the Ionic anta capital in the palace of Pataliputra. After the 1st century CE, Hellenistic influence continued to be perceived in the syncretic Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, down to the 4th–5th centuries CE. Arguably, Hellenistic influence continued to be felt indirectly in India arts for many centuries thereafter.
Influence on Indian monumental stone architecture (268–180 BCE)
During the Maurya period (c. 321–185 BCE), and especially during the time of Emperor Ashoka (c.268–232 BCE), Hellenistic influence seems to have played a role in the establishment of Indian monumental stone architecture. Excavations in the ancient palace of Pataliputra have brought to light Hellenistic sculptural works, and Hellenistic influence appear in the Pillars of Ashoka at about the same period.
According to John Boardman, there were Hellenistic influences on Indian stone architecture. However, the sites and sources of these influences are "not always properly identified or yet identifiable". Three broad theories have been proposed. One was held by early scholars such as Percy Brown in which stone Indian architecture used immigrant craftsmen experienced in the Persian Achaemenid imperial style, which included much Greek input, to which further more direct Hellenistic influence was added. The second was held by later scholars such as John Irwin who favour mostly indigenous Indian inspiration, and a third held by S.P. Gupta and others, who favour a combination.
Boardman compares the appearance of stone architecture in Persia and India; to some extent the new empires of the Achaemenids and Mauryans faced similar issues in "creating stone architecture suitable to the aspirations of empire", when neither country had a tradition of building in stone. Persian conquests had included areas with important traditions of large-scale building in brick or stone; in India there was probably a tradition of large and intricate building in wood, although remains of this are naturally very few. It is possible that the difficult pass through the Hindu Kush and locations to the northwest of it such as Ai-Khanoum, a Greek city of Bactria in 3rd-century BCE and about from Kabul, could have provided the conduit to connect the Hellenistic and Indian artists. Alternatively, the influence could have come from the ancient Persian Persepolis, now near Shiraz in southwest Iran and about from Kabul. However, a major issue that this proposal faces is that Persepolis was destroyed about 80 years before the first Buddhist stone architecture and arts appeared. This leaves the question whether, to what extent and how knowledge was preserved or transferred over the generations between the fall of Persepolis (330 BCE) and the rise of Ashokan era art to its east (after 263 BCE).
Extent of relations
Numerous contacts have been recorded between the Maurya Empire and the Greek realm. Seleucus I Nicator attempted to conquer India in 305 BCE, but he finally came to an agreement with Chandragupta Maurya, and signed a treaty which, according to Strabo, ceded a number of territories to Chandragupta, including large parts of what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan. A "marital agreement" was also concluded, and Seleucus received five hundred war elephants, a military asset which would play a decisive role at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BCE.
Later, numerous ambassadors visited the Indian court in Pataliputra, especially Megasthenes to Chandragupta, later Deimakos to his son Bindusara, and later again Ptolemy II Philadelphus, the ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt and contemporary of Ashoka, is also recorded by Pliny the Elder as having sent an ambassador named Dionysius to the Mauryan court. Ashoka made communications with Greek populations on the site of Alexandria Arachosia (Old Kandahar), using the Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription or the Kandahar Greek Inscription.
The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom with its capital of Ai-Khanoum maintained a strong Hellenistic presence at the doorstep of India from 280–140 BCE, and after that date went into India itself to form Indo-Greek kingdoms which would last until the 1st century CE. At the same time, Ashoka wrote some of his edicts in Greek, and claimed to have sent ambassadors to Greek rulers as far as the Mediterranean, suggesting his willingness to communicate with the Hellenistic realm.
Instances of Hellenistic influence
During that period, several instance of artistic influence are known, particular in the area of monumental stone sculpture and statuary, an area with no known precedents in India. The main period of stone architectural creation seems to correspond to the period of Ashoka's reign (c.?268–232 BCE). Before that, Indians may have had a tradition of wooden architecture, but no remains have ever been found to prove that point. However remains of wooden palisades were discovered at archaeological sites in Pataliputra, confirmed Classical accounts that the city had such wooden ramparts. The first examples of stone architecture were also found in the palace compound of Pataliputra, with the distinctly Hellenistic Pataliputra capital and a pillared hall using polished-stone columns. The other remarkable example of monumental stone architecture is that of the Pillars of Ashoka, themselves displaying Hellenistic influence. Overall, according to Boardman, "the visual experience of many Ashokan and later city dwellers in India was considerably conditioned by foreign arts, translated to an Indian environment, just as the archaic Greek had been by the Syrian, the Roman by the Greek, and the Persian by the art of their whole empire".
Pataliputra capital (3rd century BCE)
The Pataliputra capital is a monumental rectangular capital with volutes and Classical designs, that was discovered in the palace ruins of the ancient Mauryan Empire capital city of Pataliputra (modern Patna, northeastern India). It is dated to the 3rd century BCE. It is, together with the Pillars of Ashoka one of the first known examples of Indian stone architecture, as no Indian stone monuments or sculptures are known from before that period. It is also one of the first archaeological clues suggesting Hellenistic influence on the arts of India, in this case sculptural palatial art. The Archaeological Survey of India, an Indian government agency attached to the Ministry of Culture that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural monument in India, straightforwardly describes it as "a colossal capital in the Hellenistic style".
Although this capital was a major piece of architecture in the Mauryan palace of Pataliputra, since most of Pataliputra was not excavated, and remains hidden under the modern city of Patna, it is impossible to know the exact nature or extent of the monuments or the buildings that incorporated it.
One capital from Sarnath is known, which seems to be an adaptation of the design of the Pataliputra capital. This other capital is also said to be from the Mauryan period. It is, together with the Pataliputra capital, considered as "stone brackets or capitals suggestive of the Ionic order". A later capital found in Mathura dating to the 2nd or 3rd century (Kushan period) displays a central palmette with side volutes in a style described as "Ionic", in the same kind of composition as the Pataliputra capital but with a coarser rendering. (photograph).
Pillars of Ashoka (3rd century BCE)
The Pillars of Ashoka were built during the reign of the Maurya Empire Ashoka c. 250 BCE. They were new attempts at mastering stone architecture, as no Indian stone monuments or sculptures are known from before that period.
There are altogether seven remaining capitals, five with lions, one with an elephant and one with a zebu bull. One of them, the four lions of Sarnath, has become the State Emblem of India. The animal capitals are composed of a lotiform base, with an abacus decorated with floral, symbolic or animal designs, topped by the realistic depiction of an animal, thought to each represent a traditional direction in India.
Various foreign influences have been described in the design of these capitals.
Greek columns of the 6th century BCE such as the Sphinx of Naxos, a 12.5m Ionic column crowned by a sitted animal in the religious center of Delphi, may have been an inspiration for the pillars of Ashoka. Many similar columns crowned by sphinxes were discovered in ancient Greece, as in Sparta, Athens or Spata, and some were used as funerary steles. The Greek sphinx, a lion with the face of a human female, was considered as having ferocious strength, and was thought of as a guardian, often flanking the entrances to temples or royal tombs. Placing animals on top of a lotiform capital also reminds of Achaemenid columns.
The animals, especially the horse on the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka or the bull of the Rampurva capital are said to be typically Greek in realism, and belong to a type of highly realistic treatment which cannot be found in Persia.
The abacus parts also often seem to display a strong influence of Greek art: in the case of the Rampurva bull or the Sankassa elephant, it is composed of flame palmettes alternated with stylized lotuses and small rosettes flowers. A similar kind of design can be seen in the frieze of the lost capital of the Allahabad pillar. These designs likely originated in Greek and Near-Eastern arts. They would probably have come from the neighboring Seleucid Empire, and specifically from a Hellenistic city such as Ai-Khanoum, located at the doorstep of India.
Temple architecture (3rd century BCE)
Some of the earliest free-standing temples in India are thought to have been of a circular type, as the Bairat Temple in Bairat, Rajasthan, formed of a central stupa surrounded by a circular colonnade and an enclosing wall, built during the time of Ashoka and near which were found several Minor Rock Edicts. Ashoka also built the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya c. 250 BCE, also a circular structure, in order to protect the Bodhi tree. Representations of this early temple structure are found on a 100 BCE relief from the stupa railing at Bhārhut, as well as in Sanchi. These circular-type temples were also found in later rock-hewn caves such as Tulja Caves or Guntupalli.
It has been suggested that these circular structures with colonnades may have originated with the Greek circular Tholos temple, as in the Tholos of Delphi, but circular wooden huts in India could also have been an inspiration.
Diamond throne of Bodh Gaya (3rd century BCE)
The Diamond throne, or Vajrasana, is a throne in the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya, built by king Ashoka c. 260 BCE, in order to mark the place where the Buddha reached enlightenment. Ashoka is thought to have visited Bodh Gaya around 260 BCE, about 10 years into his reign, as explained by his Rock Edict number VIII.
The Diamond throne contains carvings of honeysuckles and geese, which can also be found on several of the pillar capital of Ashoka.
Decorative moldings and sculptures
Flame palmette
The flame palmette, central decorative element of the Pataliputra pillar is considered as a purely Greek motif. The first appearance of "flame palmettes" goes back to the stand-alone floral akroteria of the Parthenon (447–432 BCE), and slightly later at the Temple of Athena Nike. Flame palmettes were then introduced into friezes of floral motifs in replacement of the regular palmette. Flame palmettes are used extensively in India floral friezes, starting with the floral friezes on the capitals of the pillar of Ashoka, and they are likely to have originated with Greek or Near Eastern art. A monumental flame palmette can be seen on the top of the Sunga gateway at Bharhut (2nd century BCE).
Botanical combinations
According to Boardman, although lotus friezes or palmette friezes were known in Mesopotamia centuries before, the unnatural combination of various botanical elements which have no relationship in the wild, such as the palmette, the lotus and sometimes rosette flowers, is a purely Greek innovation, which was then adopted on a very broad geographical scale.
Bead and reel
According to art historian John Boardman, the bead and reels motif was entirely developed in Greece from motifs derived from the turning techniques used for wood and metal, and was first employed in stone sculpture in Greece during the 6th century BCE. The motif then spread to Persia, Egypt and the Hellenistic world, and as far as India, where it can be found on the abacus part of some of the Pillars of Ashoka or the Pataliputra capital.
Influence on monumental statuary
Hellenistic arts may have been influential in early statuary (Mauryan and Sunga periods). A few monumental Yakshas are considered as the earliest free-standing statues in India . The treatment of the dress especially, with lines of geometric folds, is considered as a Hellenistic innovation. There are no known previous example of such statuary in India, and they closely resemble Greek Late Archaic mannerism which could have been transmitted to India through Achaemenid Persia. This motif appears again in the Sunga works of Bharhut, especially on a depiction of on a foreign soldier, but the same treatment of the dress is also visible on purely Indian figures.
In some cases, a clear influence from the art of Gandhara can also be felt, as in the case of the Hellenistic statue of Herakles strangling the Nemean lion, discovered in Mathura, and now in the Kolkota Indian Museum, as well as Bacchanalian scenes. Although inspired from the art of Gandhara, the portraiture of Herakles is not perfectly exact and may show a lack of understanding of the subject matter, as Herakles is shown already wearing the skin of the lion he is fighting.
A famous relief from Bodh Gaya showing the Indian god Surya on a quadriga is also often mentioned as a possible example of Hellenistic influence on Indian art. The Surya depiction is indeed very similar to some Greek reliefs of Apollo on his quadriga horse chariot. Other authors point to the influence of Greco-Bactrian coinage in which similar quadriga scenes sometimes appear, as on the coinage of Plato of Bactria.
First visual representations of Indian deities
One of the last Greco-Bactrian kings, Agathocles of Bactria (r. 190–180 BCE), issued remarkable Indian-standard square coins bearing the first known representations of Indian deities, which have been variously interpreted as Vishnu, Shiva, Vasudeva, Buddha or Balarama. Altogether, six such Indian-standard silver drachmas in the name of Agathocles were discovered at Ai-Khanoum in 1970. Some other coins by Agathocles are also thought to represent the Buddhist lion and the Indian goddess Lakshmi. The Indian coinage of Agathocles is few but spectacular. These coins at least demonstrate the readiness of Greek kings to represent deities of foreign origin. The dedication of a Greek envoy to the cult of Garuda at the Heliodorus pillar in Besnagar could also be indicative of some level of religious syncretism.
Direct influence in Northwestern India (180 BCE – 20 CE)
The Indo-Greek period (180 BCE – 20 CE) marks a time when Bactrian Greeks established themselves directly in the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent following the fall of the Maurya Empire and its takeover by the Sunga.
Religious buildings
Indo-Greek territories seems to have been highly involved with Buddhist. Numerous stupas, which had been set up during the time of Ashoka, were then reinforced and embellished during the Indo-Greek period, using elements of Hellenistic sculpture. A detailed archaeological analysis was made especially at the Butkara stupa which allowed to define precisely what had been made during the Indo-Greek period, and what came later. The Indo-Greeks are known for the additions and niches, stairs and balustrades in Hellenistic architectural style. These efforts would then continue during the Indo-Scythian and Kushan periods.
Greeks in Indian stone reliefs
Numerous depictions of Greeks are known from the area of Gandhara. The Buner reliefs in particular have some of the clearest depictions of revelers and devotees in Greek attire.
Buddhist monuments in the heartland of India also have such depictions. Some of the friezes of Sanchi show devotees in Greek attire. The men are depicted with short curly hair, often held together with a headband of the type commonly seen on Greek coins. The clothing too is Greek, complete with tunics, capes and sandals, typical of the Greek travelling costume. The musical instruments are also quite characteristic, such as the double flute called aulos. Also visible are carnyx-like horns. They are all celebrating at the entrance of the stupa. These men would be foreigners from north-west India visiting the Stupa, possibly Mallas, Sakas or Indo-Greeks .
Three inscriptions are known from Yavana donors at Sanchi, the clearest of which reads "Setapathiyasa Yonasa danam" ("Gift of the Yona of Setapatha"), Setapatha being an uncertain city.
Another rather similar foreigner is also depicted in Bharhut, the Bharhut Yavana, also wearing a tunic and a royal headband in the manner of a Greek king, and displaying a Buddhist triratna on his sword.
Depiction of the Buddha in human form
Numerous Greek artifacts were found in the city of Sirkap, near Taxila in modern Pakistan and in Sagala, a city in modern Pakistan 10 km from the border with India. Sirkap was founded as a capital of the Indo-Greek Kingdom and was laid-out on the Greek Hippodamian city plan; Sagala was also an Indo-Greek capital. Individuals in Greek dress are can be identified on numerous friezes.
Although there is still some debate, the first anthropomorphic representations of the Buddha himself are often considered a result of the Greco-Buddhist interaction. Before this innovation, Buddhist art was aniconic, or very largely so: the Buddha was only represented through his symbols (an empty throne, the Bodhi Tree, Buddha footprints, the Dharmachakra).
Probably not feeling bound by these restrictions, and because of "their cult of form, the Greeks were the first to attempt a sculptural representation of the Buddha". In many parts of the Ancient World, the Greeks did develop syncretic divinities, that could become a common religious focus for populations with different traditions: a well-known example is Serapis, introduced by Ptolemy I Soter in Egypt, who combined aspects of Greek and Egyptian Gods. In India as well, it was only natural for the Greeks to create a single common divinity by combining the image of a Greek god-king (Apollo, with the traditional physical characteristics of the Buddha).
Some authors have argued that the Greek sculptural treatment of the dress has been adopted for the Buddha and Bodhisattvas throughout India. It is, even today, a hallmark of numerous Buddhist sculptures as far as China and Japan.
Coinage
Indo-Greek coinage is rich and varied, and contains some of the best coins of antiquity. Its influence on Indian coinage was far-reaching. The Greek script became used extensively on coins for many centuries, as was the habit of depicting a ruler on the obverse, often in profile, and deities on the reverse. The Western Satrap, a western dynasty of foreign origin adopted Indo-Greek designs. The Kushans (1st–4th centuries CE) used the Greek script and Greek deities on their coinage. Even as late as the Gupta Empire (4th-6th centuries CE), Kumaragupta I issued coins with an imitation of Greek script.
Greco-Buddhist artistic legacy (1st century BCE – 4th century CE)
The full bloom of Greco-Buddhist art seems to have postdated the Indo-Greek Kingdom, although it has been suggested that individual Greek artisans and artist probably continued to work for the new masters. It is apparently during the rule of the Indo-Scythian, the Indo-Parthian and Kushan that Greco-Buddhist art evolved to become a dominant art form in the northwest of the Indian Subcontinent. Whereas other areas of India, especially the area of Mathura received the influence of the Greco-Buddhist school remains a matter of debate.
Criticism
Many Indian scholars have argued that the notion of Greco-Buddhism, originated by European scholars, goes too far towards relocating Gandharan art as close to Greek and sometimes Persian art and defining ancient Indian art in terms of classical Greco Roman art itself. The archaeologist John Marshall on his visit to Taxila and Gandhara was reported stating, 'it seemed as I had lighted on a bit of Greece itself' and I felt then there was something appealingly Greek in the countryside itself' Pierre Dupont thought of his trip to Pakistan in 1954 as 'a pious trip to the Greco-Buddhist country'. G. W. Leitner coined the term 'Greco-Buddhist' for pieces of Gandharan art which had reached Europe in 1870 and hailed them as a new page in the history of 'Greek Art' instead of 'Indian Art'.
John Marshall, writing on the 'Primitive religion of the Eastern Indians and their art' declared that during the Ashokan period, the religion of Eastern India asserted its indigenous character through a veneer of Perso-Hellenistic polish and finish and that, Magadhan artists would receive their initial training under foreign masters from the Ashokan school. Stressing on the Persian influences on Mauryan sculpture John Marshall commented on how the upper portion of the yaksha statue displayed a Perso- Median influence in its drapery and style while the stiffness of the lower half exemplified the indigenous Indian art existing side by side with advanced exotic Perso-Hellenistic art
Notes
References
"Boardman"= Boardman, John (1998), "The Origins of Indian Stone Architecture", Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1998, New Series, Vol. 12, (Alexander's Legacy in the East: Studies in Honor of Paul Bernard), pp. 13–22, JSTOR
Category:Ancient Greek art
Category:Indian art
Category:Hellenistic civilization
Category:Indo-Greeks
Category:Indian Buddhist sculpture | {
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William Pinkethman
William Pinkethman (c.1660–1725) was an English comic actor in the droll style. He was considered an imitator of Anthony Leigh.
Rising actor
Pinkethman overcame a weakness for overacting and playing to the crowd to become a steady performer. He is first heard of at the Theatre Royal, in 1692, in Thomas Shadwell's Volunteers, or the Stock-jobbers, in which he played Taylor, an original part of six lines. After the departure in 1695 of Thomas Betterton and his associates, Pinkethman was promoted to a better line of parts. In 1702 he was the original Old Mirabel in George Farquhar's Inconstant. He also recited what was known as "Pinkethman's Epilogue". He was known for his ad libs. It was at this period that Charles Gildon, in his Comparison between Two Stages, spoke of him as "a fellow that overdoes everything, and spoils many a part with his own stuff."
In 1703 Pinkethman created Squib in Thomas Baker's Tunbridge Walks, Maggothead (mayor of Coventry) in Thomas D'Urfey's Old Mode and the New, and Whimsey in Richard Estcourt's Fair Example. At the booth in Bartholomew Fair, which he held with William Bullock and Thomas Simpson, he played on 24 August 1703 Toby in Jephtha's Rash Vow, a droll. After the merger of the Haymarket and Drury Lane companies in 1708, fewer original characters came to Pinkethman, who, however, was assigned important parts in standard plays. On 4 April 1707, for his benefit, he spoke with Jubilee Dicky (Henry Norris) a new epilogue. The two actors represented the figures of Somebody and Nobody. At the Haymarket Theatre he created, on 12 December 1709, Clinch in Susannah Centlivre's Man's Bewitched, and on 1 May 1710 Faschinetti in Charles Johnson's Love in a Chest.
Branching out
From 1698 Pinkethman also operated as a promoter and impresario of entertainments outside the major theatres. There was scope for these activities when the summer season closed the theatres, and he combined fairground booths, theatre and spectacle for the rest of his life, succeeding financially.
On 15 June 1710 Pinkethman opened a theatre in Greenwich, where he played comedy and tragedy. It lasted until September 1711. On 9 September 1717 he acted Old Merriman in a droll called Twice Married and a Maid still, given at his booth taken with George Pack, at Southwark Fair.
Last years
On 19 February 1718 Pinkethman was, at Drury Lane, the first Ringwood in John Breval's The Play is the Plot. On 14 February 1721 he was the original Sir Gilbert Wrangle in Cibber's The Refusal. This appears to have been practically his last original part. On 9 January 1723 he was Pyramus in the burlesque scene from Midsummer Night's Dream fitted into Love in a Forest, an alteration of As you like it. On 23 May 1724 he appeared in Epsom Wells (Thomas Shadwell), for his benefit. At an uncertain date he played Judge Tutchin in Lodowick Barry's Ram Alley, or Merry Tricks.
Pinkethman then disappeared from stage records. He died before 1727, leaving a good estate.
Family
Pinkethman, described as a bachelor of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, married, on 22 November 1714, at Bow Church, Middlesex, Elizabeth Hill, of St. Paul's, Shadwell. Pinkethman's booth was handed on to his son, who also acted. At the opening of Covent Garden Theatre, 7 Dec. 1732, he played Waitwell in The Way of the World, was Antonio in Chances at Drury Lane, 23 November 1739, and died 15 May 1740.
Notes
Attribution
Category:1725 deaths
Category:English male stage actors
Category:Year of birth uncertain
Category:17th-century English male actors
Category:18th-century English male actors | {
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Mbaye Diop
Mbaye Diop (born July 24, 1984) is a Senegalese footballer currently playing for Portuguese side Camacha.
References
External links
Category:1984 births
Category:Living people
Category:Senegalese footballers
Category:PFC Slavia Sofia players
Category:G.D. Chaves players
Category:C.F. União players
Category:First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
Category:Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Category:Expatriate footballers in Bulgaria
Category:Expatriate footballers in Angola
Category:Senegalese expatriate sportspeople in Bulgaria
Category:Association football forwards | {
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Endomychus limbatus
Endomychus limbatus is a species of handsome fungus beetle in the family Endomychidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Category:Endomychidae
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot
Category:Beetles described in 1870 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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American Veterans Committee
Launched in April 2013, the American Veterans Committee (AVC) is a non-profit veterans organization that promotes networking opportunities for US veterans globally. The organization was launched to make it easier for US veterans to connect with veterans from other countries, expand new employment and business opportunities, while also promoting smart diplomacy. As of 2018, the American Veterans Committee is no longer a membership organization.
The organization is founded by Iraq War Veteran Saif Khan who serves as President. Founding member Hal Donahue, Lt. Col, USAF (Ret.) serves as Senior Advisor. Major General James Kelley (ret.) served as former President.
The American Veterans Committee is a member organization of the World Veterans Federation. Through the World Veterans Federation, the American Veterans Committee has the ability to connect with veterans organizations from around the world. The American Veterans Committee also focuses on learning from what other countries are doing better to serve their veterans, and how national, state and local programs in the US can be improved to serve veterans better.
The American Veterans Committee is not related to the organization of the same name that was active from 1943 to 2008.
References
External links
Official website
Category:American veterans' organizations | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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O tugo jesenja
O tugo jesenja (trans. Oh Autumn Sorrow) is the first studio album released in 1988 by Montenegrin-Serbian musician Rambo Amadeus.
Track listing
All songs by Rambo Amadeus, except where noted.
Personnel
Accordion (dallape) — Saša Marković-Meksikanac
Bass, vocals, synthesizer (Sp12, Emax, Bass Synth), sampler — Vladimir Perić
keyboards — Aleksandar Habić
Synthesizer (Mirage), tambourine, handclaps — Miroslav Miša Savić
Vocals — Aleksandar Vasiljević
Vocals, guitar, goblet drum (tarabuka), drum programming (rhythm machine), keyboards, harp — Rambo Amadeus
External links
O Tugo Jesenja on Discogs
O Tugo Jesenja (reissue) on Discogs
Music section on Rambo Amadeus' official web site
Category:1988 debut albums
Category:Rambo Amadeus albums
Category:PGP-RTB albums | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Pan-European Pension
The Pan-European Pension Product (PEPP) or Pan-European Personal Pension Product is a proposed pension which will be available to residents of the European Union. The PEPP is designed to give the 240 million savers in the EU a better choice in the fragmented and uneven European market, where options are nearly non-existent in some member states. PEPPs are regulated by the Regulation 2019/1238 . This regulation lays the legal foundation for a single European market for personal pensions. The PEPP will be complementary to existing state, occupational and private pension systems on national level. After endorsement by the European Parliament and official adoption by the European Council the PEPP regulation was published in July 2019 and will enter into application in August 2020. The first PEPPs are expected to be offered in late 2021.
Valdis Dombrovskis, a vice-president of the European Commission responsible for financial services, said “It has enormous potential as it will offer savers across the EU more choice when putting money aside for retirement,” and “It will drive competition by allowing more providers to offer this product outside their national markets. It will work like a quality label and I am confident that the PEPP will also foster long-term investment in capital markets.”
Jyrki Katainen, Vice-President responsible for Jobs, Growth, Investment and Competitiveness, added: “The agreement achieved by the European Parliament and the Council on PEPP is a major milestone on the road to addressing pension gaps and demographic challenges and a major achievement in completing Capital Markets Union. It will benefit consumers and providers with a strong framework for personal pensions through a new product with strong consumer protection and enhanced cross-border competition.”
Gabriel Bernardino, Chairman of the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA), said: “The current macro-economic environment with persistent low and negative yields requires the rethinking of long-term retirement savings solutions. The implementation of the PEPP Regulation is an opportunity to build an appropriate regulatory basis for the design and monitoring of innovative and cost‑effective products that could enable European savers to reap the benefits of sustainable growth.”
The European Union is committed to fight old age poverty. Currently, only 27% of Europeans between 25 and 59 years old have enrolled themselves in a pension product . With the PEPP the EU is responding to changing demographics due to the aging of the population, the modern forms of labour, and embracing the opportunities of digitalisation. This PEPP is designed to give savers more choice and provide them with more competitive products, while enjoying strong consumer protection. Moreover, a more developed market for personal pensions in the EU will channel more savings into long-term investments and thus contribute significantly to develop a Capital Markets Union (CMU). According to a study by Ernst & Young to the European commission personal pension assets under management in the EU28 are expected to grow from EUR 0.7 trillion in 2017 to EUR 1.4 trillion without PEPP and EUR 2.1 trillion with PEPP by 2030.
The PEPP offers additional incentives for people to save for their pension, alongside the occupational and state-based pensions available today. PEPPs will be available to all residents in one EU member state no matter if they are employed, unemployed, self-employed or studying. PEPPs could be particularly attractive to both mobile citizens and self-employed individuals who are not participating in state-based or occupational pension provisions.
A PEPP can be offered by all providers that fulfil certain criteria provided by the PEPP regulation, including insurance companies, banks, asset managers, certain investment firms and certain occupational pension funds (Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2016). A PEPP can be sold by investment firms authorised to provide investment advice, or any insurance intermediaries. To sell a PEPP, it is not mandatory for providers to be the designers of the product. It can be expected that traditional players such as insurance companies and asset managers will be among the first players to offer a PEPP. But PEPP could also be an opportunity for new FinTech players to enter the market with innovative solutions competing with more traditional providers such as insurance companies. The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) will maintain a central register in which it will register all PEPPs, this register will be made publicly available in electronic format.
Content
The core elements of the PEPP are:
Digital disclosure and distribution: PEPP will be a modern product that can be distributed and purchased online, which will make it more attractive for young Europeans. The PEPP regulation explicitly allows either fully automated or semi-automated advice, this can help to reduce barriers to entry, create new cross-border opportunities, and ultimately reduce the costs of distributing the PEPP.
Full transparency: Fees and costs will be transparent, disclosed via a simple Key Information Document (KID) supplied before the purchase, as well asa standardised pension benefits statement during the product lifetime.
Full mandatory advice: Consumers will also benefit from full mandatory advice (with a suitability test for all PEPP savers), to enable them to make an informed decision before purchasing a product. They will also benefit from personalised advice before retirement in order to choose the most suitable form of out-payments to their needs.
Cross-border portability: Providers will be able to offer PEPPs on a pan-European basis, allowing savers to continue saving in the same product, when they change residence across borders in the EU. In case portability is not available, consumers can switch providers free of charge or can continue to contribute to the PEPP of the previous country residence. However, PEPP can be offered only on the EU territory.
A simple and affordable default option: All PEPP providers have to offer a simple and affordable default option called the “Basic PEPP”. For the Basic PEPP costs and fees capped at 1 % of the accumulated capital per year. The Basic PEPP will also offer capital protection to ensure that savers recoup the capital invested (without taking into account the impact of fees and inflation).
A right to switch: PEPP savers will be able to switch provider or choose a different investment option after a minimum of five years from the conclusion of the contract and, in case of subsequent switches, after five years from the most recent switching. The PEPP provider may allow PEPP savers to switch investment options and providers more frequently.
Flexible payout: PEPP providers can offer PEPP savers one or several types of out-payments (annuities, lump sum, regular drawdown payments or a combination of these). Savers will be able to choose the form of out-payments for the decumulation phase when opening an account. If available, savers will be allowed to modify the form of out-payments. Member States may incentivise different forms of out-payments.
Sustainable investment: Providers are encouraged but not forced to take into account environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in their investment decisions. Given the expected market size and the long-term nature of pension products, PEPP could contribute significantly to the EU sustainability agenda in the financial sector.
The PEPP saver can choose between a maximum of six investment options. All providers have to offer a “Basic PEPP”. The Basic PEPP is a simple, affordable and safe default option providing a level playing field among providers and full transparency for savers. For the Basic PEPP costs and fees capped at 1 % of the accumulated capital per year. This includes all costs for administration, asset management and distribution. Any costs linked to additional features (e.g. payment in case of death) or a capital guarantee that are not required shall not be included in the cost cap. The basic PEPP aims at preserving the savers capital at retirement and cover the contributions during the accumulation phase after deduction of all fees and charges. Depending on the type of capital protection there will be two types of basic PEPP. For the Basic PEPP with a guarantee (type 1), providers will have a legal obligation to ensure that PEPP savers recoup at least the capital invested. The Basic PEPP with other risk mitigation techniques (type 2) shall be consistent with the objective to allow the PEPP saver to recoup the capital, but without any legal obligation to recoup the capital.
The PEPP does not cover tax incentives. It is up to the member states to offer any tax incentives or not. In order to create a level playing field for PEPP and existing national pension products the European commission encourages the member state to grant PEPP savers the same tax treatment as similar existing national personal pension products.
Regulation
PEPP providers will be supervised by national authorities. The distribution regime of the PEPP follows a sectorial approach. Insurance companies and insurance intermediaries that distribute a PEPP will be subject to the Insurance Distribution Directive (IDD), while investment firms and other PEPP providers and distributors will have to apply the provisions of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II).
The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) is mandated to ensure a consistent implementation and supervisory of PEPP. EIOPA develops technical standards for implementation and supervisory, runs the central register of all PEPP products, monitors the evolution of the market and can even issue a temporary ban or restriction on specific PEPPs under certain conditions. EIOPA has established an Expert Practitioner Panel on PEPP. The objectives of the Expert Practitioner Panel on PEPP are to inform EIOPA's policy work, to test policy proposals and to act as sounding board for EIOPA. The panel consists of high-level experts with a diverse set of experiences and expertise, from insurance companies, asset managers, NGOs and universities. Member of the Expert Practitioner Panel on PEPP
Jean-Paul Andre-Dumont, Luxembourg, Forsides
Paul Le Bihan, France, Union Mutualist Retraite
Emanuele Maria Carluccio, Italy, University of Verona
Jens Rosendahl Frederiksen, Denmark, PFA
Sebastian Görgl, Germany, Union Investment
Edward Hiller, Luxembourg, Fidelity
Olav Jones, Belgium, Insurance Europe
Herman Kappelle, Netherlands,Aegon NV
Axel Kleinlein, Germany, Bund der Versicherten
Til Klein, Germany, Vantik
Christian Lemaire, France, Amundi
Kristine Lomanovska, Latvia, SEB LV
Andrew Marker, United Kingdom, Vanguard
Aidan McLoughlin, Ireland, Independent Trustee
Jasper De Meyer, Belgium, BEUC
Simone Miotto, Italy, PensionsEurope
Carlo Parodi, Italy, Intesa Sanpaolo
Hugo Prenn, Austria, Uniqa Insurance Group
Tobias Rieck, Germany, Allianz
Stefan Voicu, Romania, Better Finance
Piotr Wrzesinski, Poland, PIU
In December 2019 EIOPA launched a public consultation on its approaches for regulating key aspects of the PEPP . The Consultation Paper sets out EIOPA's current stances to approach the regulation of key aspects of the PEPP. In developing the proposals, EIOPA sought input from the supervisory community of the insurance and pension sectors, the other European Supervisory Authorities, and conducted an active dialogue with EIOPA's stakeholder groups and the Expert Practitioner Panel on PEPP. Gabriel Bernardino, Chairman of EIOPA, said: “EIOPA invites all stakeholders to contribute to this consultation in order to ensure that the PEPP will be a success for the benefit of European citizens”. Key topics addressed in the public consultation are :
Key Information Document (KID)
Annual Benefit Statement
Cost Cap for the Basic PEPP
Risk mitigation techniques (capital protection)
Right to switch & Cross-border portability
EIOPA’s Product intervention Power
Cooperation between national competent authorities and EIOPA
Timeline
The idea of a single European market for private pensions is part of the European Commission’s plan to strengthen the Capital Markets Union (CMU by creating a single market for capital in the EU. The history of PEPP dates back to 2013 when the European Commission tasked the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) to work towards a single European market for personal pensions. This resulted in a preliminary report on a single European market for personal pensions published in 2014 . In September 2015, the European Commission launched the Capital Markets Union (CMU) Action in order to build a true single market for capital across the EU member states. In this, the European Commission called for an exploration of ways to support personal retirement savings with the appropriate level of consumer protection and build and a single EU market. Based on the results of a public consultation, in July 2016 the EIOPA issued advice with a proposal for a standardised Pan-European Personal Pension Product (hereafter “PEPP”) as a complementary option alongside national regimes. As a result, the European commission published a proposal for a regulation on a PEPP in 2017 . The proposal was accompanied by a recommendation to the Member States on the tax treatment of personal pension products and a study on the feasibility of a European Personal Pensions Framework conducted by EY . The legislative proposal was discussed and further developed by the co-legislators. After endorsement by the European Parliament and official adoption by the European Council the PEPP regulation was published on 25 July 2019 . In the year after the publication, the Commission will work together with EIOPA on an effective implementation of the PEPP. The PEPP Regulation will enter into application 12 months after the publication on 14 August 2020. As a regulation it applies directly in all EU member states with no need for implementation to domestic legislation. Only in case a member state would like to grant PEPP a favourable tax treatment, national law might need to be amended. The first PEPPs will be offered in late 2021 or early 2022.
Challenges
There are critics that the final regulation “has been stripped of its initial ambition” as “key elements of the proposal were diluted, or replaced, in response to pressure from member states and organisations” and that “it has become an insurance rather than a savings product as there is always a guaranteed element involved”.
The EU commission has proclaimed the European Green Deal to make Europe the first climate neutral continent by 2050. A core part of it is the European Green Deal Investment Plan, which will mobilise at least €1 trillion of sustainable investments over the next decade. PEPP providers are encouraged to allocate all or a significant part of their assets to sustainable investments. Furthermore, they are encouraged to consider ESG (environmental, social and governance) factors in investment decisions. But there is no obligation to invest your money sustainably. Critics demand, that “PEPP could be a key to achieve the goal of €1 trillion of sustainable investments by making sustainable investments mandatory for all PEPPs”.
The PEPP might have limited impact on local pension markets. PEPP has to compete with local pension products. In June 2018, the European Federation of Financial Advisers and Financial Intermediaries (FECIF) warned that Europe is still not dealing with the tax treatment of Pan European Pension Products. Secretary general Simon Colboc said “the biggest question facing PEPPs is the tax treatment it will receive and that is the main question people are asking and it is the elephant in the room.” Whether the PEPP will receive similar tax incentives as local products will depend on the member state. Critics argue that the tax element is crucial if it is going to take off, meaning that contributions should be tax exempt, and that this will make or break the PEPP. Also many European countries already have a wide rage of well established personal pension products, so PEPP might become more relevant in countries with less developed pensions systems.
References
External links
Framework for a pan-European personal pension product (PEPP) on europarl.europa.eu
European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA)
https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/banking-and-finance/insurance-and-pensions/personal-pension-products_en
European Commission: Frequently Ask Questions
Summary Implementation
Category:Pensions
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Greater Monadnock Public Health Network
The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network (GMPHN) is a community health and safety collaborative which works to enhance and improve public health-related services. Formerly known as the Cheshire Public Health Network, the GMPHN is one of 15 public health regions in the state of New Hampshire. The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network strives to increase planning and collaboration across municipal boundaries and health and safety sectors.
About
The state of New Hampshire does not have county health departments. Rather, the state is geographically divided into 15 public health regions. Together these 15 public health regions comprise the New Hampshire Public Health Network system.
The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network is housed by Cheshire Medical Center and in collaboration with Cheshire County is financed under an agreement with the New Hampshire Department of Health & Human Services - Division of Public Health Services with funds provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network is bordered by the Greater Sullivan County Public Health Network to the north, and the Greater Concord Public Health Network, Greater Manchester Public Health Network, and Greater Nashua Public Health Network to the east.
Service area
The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network serves 33 municipalities in the Monadnock region (all of Cheshire County and the 10 westernmost towns in Hillsborough County). The municipalities are Alstead, Antrim, Bennington, Chesterfield, Dublin, Fitzwilliam, Francestown, Gilsum, Greenfield, Greenville, Hancock, Harrisville, Hinsdale, Jaffrey, Keene, Marlborough, Marlow, Nelson, New Ipswich, Peterborough, Richmond, Rindge, Roxbury, Sharon, Stoddard, Sullivan, Surry, Swanzey, Temple, Troy, Walpole, Westmoreland, and Winchester.
Mission
The mission of the Greater Monadnock Public Health Network is to:
Coordinate regional health and safety services among local government, health and social service agencies, businesses, hospitals, schools, first responders, faith-based organizations and emergency preparedness and response initiatives;
Continually assess resources to inventory strengths and gaps;
Identify needs and promote wise use of existing resources;
Advance and improve resources via technical assistance, educational programs, trainings, exercises, and drills; and
Create and test models for public health emergencies, and maintain the region’s public health emergency preparedness and response plans.
Regional partners
Over 50 municipalities, agencies, and organizations comprise the membership of the GMPHN’s Regional Coordinating Committee. Key partners include representatives from each of the municipalities, including selectmen, town managers/administrators, emergency management directors, health officers, fire and police personnel, school nurses, and human service directors.
Additional partners include representatives from organizations and agencies that serve the citizens of the Monadnock region: Cheshire Medical Center / Dartmouth-Hitchcock Keene, Monadnock Community Hospital, Cheshire County Government, Home Healthcare, Hospice & Community Services, the American Red Cross, Monadnock United Way, Monadnock Family Services, Keene State College, Franklin Pierce University, School Administrative Units (SAUs) 1, 24, 29, 47, 60, 87, 92, 93, 94, Southwestern NH Fire Mutual Aid, Southwestern Community Services, the New Hampshire Department of Health & Human Services, and the New Hampshire Department of Safety - Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management.
H1N1 pandemic (2009-2010)
During the H1N1 pandemic, the Greater Monadnock Public Health Network was the lead public health agency in the Monadnock region, and was responsible for coordinating and conducting all public vaccine clinics. From early December 2009 through the spring of 2010, the Greater Monadnock Public Health Network conducted some 94 free vaccine clinics and administered over 7,000 doses of H1N1 vaccine to the public.
Medical Reserve Corps Unit
The GMPHN oversees the Greater Monadnock Medical Reserve Corps unit. This unit was organized to support first responders during a disaster or public health emergency. The Greater Monadnock Medical Reserve Corps (GMMRC) members are trained and credentialed. The GMMRC helped respond to the H1N1 pandemic, and also deployed volunteers to assist during Hurricane Irene in 2011. The GMMRC unit is also involved in various non-emergency public health initiatives in the Monadnock region.
Emergency Alert System
The Greater Monadnock Public Health Network is responsible for maintaining the Monadnock region's emergency alert system. Monadnock residents sign up for free text message alerts and free email alerts by going to www.nixle.com. Alternately, Monadnock residents who want to only receive free text message alerts text the word GMPHN to 888777. Currently over 5,300 Monadnock residents have opted into the Greater Monadnock Public Health Network's emergency alert system.
References
External links
Official website
Category:Healthcare in New Hampshire | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Min Leibrook
Wilford F. (Min) Leibrook (January 18, 1903 - June 8, 1943) was an American jazz tubist and bassist.
Born in Hamilton, Ohio, Leibrook began as a cornetist before switching to tuba and bass. In the 1920s he played in the Ten Foot Band in Chicago. He played in The Wolverines in 1924 alongside Bix Beiderbecke, where he made his first recordings, and later joined the band of Arnold Johnson.
In 1927 he moved to New York City, where he played in the Paul Whiteman Orchestra until 1931. During this time he began recording on bass saxophone, mostly with small jazz groups from the Whiteman band under Beiderbecke and Frankie Trumbauer.
He worked later in the 1930s with Lennie Hayton and Eddie Duchin, mostly on string bass. In 1936 he played in the group The Three T's, with Trumbauer, Jack Teagarden, and Charlie Teagarden.
By the late 1930s, Leibrook moved to Los Angeles and worked as a bassist in radio and theaters. He never recorded as a leader.
Leibrook died at age 40 as a result of meningitis. He is buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale.
References
Scott Yanow, [ Min Leibrook] at Allmusic
Category:1903 births
Category:1943 deaths
Category:American jazz tubists
Category:Male jazz musicians
Category:American jazz double-bassists
Category:Male double-bassists
Category:20th-century American musicians
Category:20th-century double-bassists
Category:20th-century American male musicians
Category:The Wolverines (jazz band) members | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
British Virgin Islands at the Commonwealth Games
The British Virgin Islands have attended all seven Commonwealth Games since 1990.
Having first competed at Auckland in 1990, the British Virgin Islands had never won a medal of any colour at a Commonwealth Games until Kyron McMaster won the men's 400m hurdles at the 2018 Commonwealth Games at Gold Coast.
It was McMaster's first global title, having been disqualified from the 400m hurdles at the 2017 IAAF World Athletics Championships, though did go on to win the 2017 IAAF Diamond League title the following month.
References
Official results by country
Category:Nations at the Commonwealth Games | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Fufeng Group
Fufeng Group () is the largest private-owned monosodium glutamate (flavour enhancer) and the second largest xanthan gum producer in Mainland China. Its products include flavour enhancers, xanthan gum, fertilizer, starch, and sugar substitute. Its headquarters is in Shandong province. Its CEO is Li Xuechun.
Fufeng was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on 8 February 2007 with IPO price at HK$2.23 per share. Its share price at the first trading day was HK$3.01, with a 35% increase compared with its IPO price. However, after issuing a profit warning and profit decline at the first half year in 2007 due to a rise in the price of corn, its share price dropped below the IPO price and currently is below HK$1. Its share price showed the poorest performance among all newly listed stocks in 2007. The market capitalization of Fufeng Group is around $5.3B HKD in Jan 2016.
After years of hard working and expanding, FUFENG has become the largest manufacture for MSG, Xanthan Gum, and Amino Acid.
References
External links
Fufeng Group
Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Category:Food and drink companies of China
Category:Privately held companies of China
Category:Companies based in Jinan
Category:Chemical companies established in 1999 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
List of moths of India (Eupterotidae)
This is a list of moths of the family Eupterotidae that are found in India. It also acts as an index to the species articles and forms part of the full List of moths of India.
Genus Gangarides
Gangarides roseus Walker
Note that Gangarides is now placed in the family Notodontidae the placement here is sensu Hampson, 1892
Genus Pandala
Pandala dolosa Walker
Genus Melanothrix
Melanothrix leucotrigona Hampson
Genus Dreata
Dreata hades Walker
Genus Palirisa
Palirisa lineosa Walker
Palirisa cervina Moore
Genus Tagora
Tagora patula Walker
Tagora pallida Walker
Tagora nigriceps Hampson
Tagora murina Moore
Genus Pseudojana
Pseudojana incandescens Walker
Genus Ganisa
Ganisa postica Walker
Ganisa pandya Moore
Ganisa glaucescens Walker
Genus Apha
Apha subdives Walker
Apha floralis Butler
Apha fenestrata Butler
Genus Apona
Apona cashmirensis Kollar
Apona plumosa Moore
Apona shevaroyensis Moore
Genus Eupterote
Eupterote undata Blanch
Eupterote fabia Cramer
Eupterote mollifera Walker
Eupterote flavicollis Otter
Eupterote diffusa Walker
Eupterote primularis Moore
Eupterote geminata Walker
Eupterote minor Moore
Eupterote lineosa Walker
Eupterote undans Walker
Eupterote testacea Walker
Eupterote translata Swinhoe
Eupterote flavida Moore
Eupterote plumipes Walker
Eupterote vialis Moore
Eupterote citrina Walker
Eupterote unicolor Hampson
Genus Nisaga
Nisaga simplex Walker
Genus Sangatissa
Sangatissa subcurvifera Walker
Genus Cnethocampa
Cnethocampa cheela Moore
See also
Eupterotidae
Moths
Lepidoptera
List of moths of India
References
Hampson, G.F. et al. (1892-1937) Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths. Vols. 1-5 cxix + 2813 p - 1295 figs - 1 table - 15 pl (12 in col.)
India
*
M | {
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List of pipeline accidents in the United States in 1991
The following is a list of pipeline accidents in the United States in 1991. It is one of several lists of U.S. pipeline accidents. See also: list of natural gas and oil production accidents in the United States.
__NOTOC__
Incidents
This is not a complete list of all pipeline accidents. For natural gas alone, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), a United States Department of Transportation agency, has collected data on more than 3,200 accidents deemed serious or significant since 1987.
A "significant incident" results in any of the following consequences:
Fatality or injury requiring in-patient hospitalization.
$50,000 or more in total costs, measured in 1984 dollars.
Liquid releases of five or more barrels (42 US gal/barrel).
Releases resulting in an unintentional fire or explosion.
PHMSA and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) post-incident data and results of investigations into accidents involving pipelines that carry a variety of products, including natural gas, oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, carbon dioxide, and other substances. Occasionally pipelines are re-purposed to carry different products.
The following incidents occurred during 1991:
1991 A crew installing a water main hit a 6-inch gas main at 450 psi of pressure in Novi, Michigan on January 2. Gas company workers were trying to install a sleeve over the failure when the gas exploded and burned, injuring 6 of the Gas Company crew. A telephone cable was also damaged, knocking out phone service for about 5-- customers.
1991 On January 31, a Mobil Company crude oil pipeline ruptured near Valencia, California, spilling up to 75,000 gallons of crude oil. The same day, a report was released showing that particular pipeline had a 99.8% chance of a leak in the next 5 years.
1991 On February 5, a backhoe hit a gas distribution line, next to apartments in Greendale, Wisconsin, causing an explosion & fire that killed 3 and injured 6 others.
1991 Construction crews ruptured a propane pipeline, on March 2, forcing the evacuation of 2,500 from several subdivisions in Richland County, South Carolina for a time. There was no fire.
1991 On March 3, a Lakehead (now Enbridge) crude oil pipeline, near Grand Rapids, Minnesota, ruptured. More than 1,700,000 gallons of crude went into the Prairie River, of which about 1,672,000 were eventually recovered. About of oil had spilled from that pipeline from the early 1970s to 1991, per Minnesota records. A resident in the area noticed the smell of oil and alerted the local fire department. Approximately 300 people living in homes near the site were evacuated for safety, but were allowed to return to their homes later in the night.
1991 On March 16, an anchor from a ship ruptured a Chevron Corporation pipeline offshore of El Segundo, California, spilling about 55,000 gallons of light oil. Wildlife was affected.
1991 A Diamond Shamrock 10 inch crude oil pipeline ruptured in Knox City, Texas on June 8, spilling about 84,000 gallons of crude oil, with much of it entering the Brazos River. Heavy rains caused the pipeline to fail.
1991 A bulldozer hit a Chevron Corporation crude oil pipeline near Park City, Utah, on June 27. About 126,000 gallons of crude oil were spilled.
1991 On June 29, about 54,222 gallons of fuel oil and gasoline leaked from a 10-inch Koch Industries pipeline in Portage County, Wisconsin, from a 3-inch crack. A previous significant leak had occurred on this pipeline in that area the year before. Local officials urged Koch to upgrade its leak monitoring equipment, and, the Office of Pipeline Safety ordered this pipeline to be shut down until tested. Koch later replaced of that pipeline in the area. The original pipe was installed in 1988.
1991 On June 30, an Amoco pipeline failed near Denver City, Texas, spilling 28,200 barrels of petroleum. The failure was caused by internal corrosion.
1991 On July 17, workers were removing a corroded segment of the Consumers Power Company's (CP) 10-inch transmission line pipeline in Mapleton, Michigan. As a segment of the pipeline was being removed, natural gas at 360-psig pressure exerted about 12 tons of force on an adjacent closed valve (H-143), causing it and a short segment of connected pipe to move and separate from an unanchored compression coupling. The force of the escaping gas killed one worker (a welder), injured five other workers, and collapsed a steel pit that housed valve H-143.
1991 On August 30, an earth mover hit a 16-inch ExxonMobil pipeline near Beaumont, Texas, causing a leaking that spilled about 19,000 gallons of crude oil. Nearby businesses were evacuated.
1991 About of crude oil spilled from a broken Amoco pipeline at a barge facility at High Island, Texas on September 5.
1991 On December 19, a 36-inch Colonial Pipeline ruptured from prior excavation damage about downstream of the pipeline's Simpsonville, South Carolina, pump station. The rupture allowed more than of diesel fuel to flow into Durbin Creek, causing environmental damage that affected of waterways, including the Enoree River, which flows through Sumter National Forest. The spill also forced Clinton and Whitmire, South Carolina, to use alternative water supplies.
1991 On December 28, two explosions in rapid succession occurred in apartment No. 3 of a two-story, eight-apartment, wood-frame structure in Santa Rosa, California. Two people were killed and three others were injured. Fire after the explosions destroyed that apartment and three other apartments in the front of the building.
References
Category:Lists of pipeline accidents in the United States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ralph Manheim
Ralph Frederick Manheim (April 4, 1907 – September 26, 1992) was an American translator of German and French literature, as well as occasional works from Dutch, Polish and Hungarian. He was one of most acclaimed translators of the 20th century, and likened translation to acting, the role being "to impersonate his author".
Early life
Manheim was born in New York City. He lived for a year in Germany and Austria as an adolescent, graduated from Harvard at the age of nineteen, and spent time in Munich and Vienna (studying at the universities) before the rise to power of Adolf Hitler. He also undertook post-graduate study at Yale and Columbia universities.
Career
His career as a translator began with Hitler's Mein Kampf,
commissioned by Houghton Mifflin and published in 1943. Manheim endeavored to give an exact English equivalent of Hitler's highly individual, often awkward style, including his grammatical errors.
Manheim translated the works of Bertolt Brecht (in collaboration with John Willett), Louis-Ferdinand Céline, Günter Grass, Peter Handke, philosopher Martin Heidegger, Hermann Hesse, Novalis, and many others. His translation of Henry Corbin's work Alone with the Alone: Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn 'Arabi could be considered a major contribution towards the understanding of Ibn Arabi's and Sufi philosophy in the English-speaking world.
In 1961, he rendered transcripts of the trial in Jerusalem of Adolf Eichmann into English, and Grimm's Tales For Young and Old - The Complete Stories, published in 1977. Modern readers are familiar with his 1986 translation of E.T.A. Hoffmann's "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King". It was published with illustrations by Maurice Sendak, in conjunction with the release of the 1986 film Nutcracker: The Motion Picture. Lovers of children's books also admire his agile translation of Michael Ende's The Neverending Story.
Later life and death
He moved to Paris in 1950 and lived there until 1985, when he moved with his fourth wife to Cambridge, England, where he died in 1992, at age 85, from complications associated with prostate cancer.
Selected Translations
Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler
Journey to the End of the Night by Louise-Ferdinand Celine
Castle to Castle by Louise-Ferdinand Celine
Death On The Installment Plan by Louse-Ferdinand Celine
The Tin Drum by Gunter Grass
Cat and Mouse by Gunter Grass
The Rat by Gunter Grass
Grimm's Tales For Young and Old - The Complete Stories
The Neverending Story by Michael Ende
The Nutcracker and the Mouse King by E.T.A. Hoffmann
Efraim's Book by Alfred Andersch
The Good Person of Szechwan by Bertoldt Brecht
Baal by Bertoldt Brecht
The Threepenny Opera by Bertoldt Brecht and Kurt Weill
The Freud/Jung Letters
Knulp by Hermann Hesse
Crisis: Pages From a Diary by Hermann Hesse
Reflections by Hermann Hesse
From Lenin to Stalin by Victor Serge
A Sorrow Beyond Dreams by Peter Handke
The Guiltless by Hermann Broch
Awards and honors
He received the PEN Translation Prize in 1964.
He received the 1970 National Book Award in the Translation category for the first U.S. edition of Céline's Castle to Castle.
He was awarded a 1983 MacArthur Fellowship in Literary Studies. He won the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation, a major lifetime achievement award in the field of translation, in 1988.
Manheim's 1961 translation of Günter Grass's Die Blechtrommel (The Tin Drum) was elected to fourth place among outstanding translations of the previous half century by the Translators Association of the Society of Authors on the occasion of their 50th anniversary in 2008.
References
See also
Mein Kampf in English
Category:American translators
Category:French–English translators
Category:German–English translators
Category:Guggenheim Fellows
Category:Harvard University alumni
Category:Columbia University alumni
Category:Yale University alumni
Category:MacArthur Fellows
Category:National Book Award winners
Category:Writers from New York City
Category:1907 births
Category:1992 deaths
Category:20th-century translators
Category:Mein Kampf
Category:American expatriates in France | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Love Among Thieves
Love Among Thieves is a made-for-television romantic-adventure film produced by the ABC network in 1987. It was directed by Roger Young and starred Audrey Hepburn, Robert Wagner, Jerry Orbach. The ending left the door open for either a sequel or possibly a TV series, but neither eventuated. Reportedly, Hepburn donated her salary to UNICEF. Love Among Thieves is notable for several reasons. It was the only made-for-TV film in which Hepburn appeared (although she had done some live drama productions in the 1950s). It was also the last film in which she took a starring role (her next, and final, film performance in 1989's Always was a cameo).
This was the first Hepburn film since 1981's They All Laughed. It contains a number of intentional references to Hepburn's earlier films, mostly in dialogue, although the basic plot borrows from her 1960s films Charade, Paris, When It Sizzles and How to Steal a Million. The film includes her final on-screen kiss (with Wagner).
In 2009, the film became available on DVD through the Warner Archive Collection.
Plot
Baroness and concert pianist, Caroline DuLac, steals three jewel-encrusted Fabergé eggs from a San Francisco museum. The eggs are demanded as ransom for her kidnapped fiancé in Latin America. She boards a plane for the Latin American city of Ladera, as per instructions, and is met by a drifter named Mike Chambers.
Caroline first believes that Mike is one of the kidnappers, until a mysterious man in a trench coat tries to kill her and Mike comes to the rescue. They are both captured by a band of Mexican bandits, who also may or may not be part of the scheme. Meanwhile, the couple are pursued by Spicer, a hired thug assigned to retrieve the loot.
Cast
Audrey Hepburn as Baroness Caroline DuLac
Robert Wagner as Mike Chambers
Patrick Bauchau as Alan Channing
Jerry Orbach as Spicer
Notes
External links
Category:1987 television films
Category:American television films
Category:American films
Category:American heist films
Category:Films directed by Roger Young
Category:1980s romance films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Karim Bagheri
Karim Bagheri (; born 20 February 1974) is a retired Iranian professional football player and coach. He played over half of his professional career for Persepolis in the Persian Gulf Pro League.
Club career
Early years
Bagheri was born in Tabriz, Iran. He was discovered by manager Vasile Godja and began his football playing for his hometown club Tractor where he impressed enough to land himself a contract with Keshavarz On 1 August 1996 Bagheri was signed on free transfer by the capital's club, Persepolis. There, Bagheri enjoyed much success winning numerous titles and becoming a fan favorite. Numerous impressive displays ended up in Bagheri attracting attention from many European clubs and on 1 August 1997, a year after he signed a contract with Persepolis, Bagheri signed with German Bundesliga side Arminia Bielefeld along with his fellow Iranian international Ali Daei.
Move to Europe
Germany
Bagheri's first season in Germany was not a huge success and the club was relegated to the 2nd Bundesliga. In his second season, he established himself as a starter playing in the libero position, helping the team make it back to the Bundesliga. His performances during the 98-99 season earned him a place in Kicker magazine's team of the year. He remained in Arminia for one more season, though his time in Germany ended sourly when he bought out his contract and returned to Persepolis again, though Persepolis loaned him to Al-Nasr in the UAE.
England
At that time English clubs were interested in Bagheri and Charlton Athletic of the Premiership quickly signed him for an initial fee of £400,000. His father's death, international call-ups and injuries restricted him from making appearances in his first year.
Alan Curbishley his manager on Bagheri:
"We took him as cover for Kinsella", Curbishley said. "Bagheri is a holding midfielder with great physique and an eye for goal. His goal-scoring record is unbelievable. He's got almost a goal every other game in 70 internationals which is an amazing feat for a midfield player.
"The problem was he never stayed fit while he was with us. After playing against Ipswich he went off to play for Iran and came back with a groin strain. Then it was a hamstring. His father died and he had to return to Iran the next day and we didn't see him for three weeks. Then he injured his hamstring again. It was one thing after another. It was a pity because the boy can play. He has all the attributes and understood the English game.
"He's an affable lad and from day one the other players liked him. Though he didn't speak English he got on with the others who respected him. He can play a bit and in 12 reserve matches for us he managed six goals. Had he stayed fit it may have been a different story. When the loan deal ended he came to me and said `I've loved it here but I haven't done myself justice'.
"I've noticed he is scoring regularly for Iran and whoever picks him up at set pieces on Saturday must be alert while he times his runs from midfield very well."
He had very little success there, only playing 15 minutes during the entire season in a game against Ipswich Town and being the first Iranian to play in the Premiership. He then moved to Al Sadd in Qatar.
Persepolis return
In 2002, he decided to return to Persepolis once again. In September 2006, many thought he had been released from the team after arguments with management and staff over the club's financial commitments and unpaid wages. Bagheri was instead disciplined but remained on the team. Bagheri has since established himself as one of the greatest icons of Persepolis and many compare his popularity with Ali Parvin. In the 2007–08 season, he captained the team to glory in the IPL after a six-year drought. During the 2008–09 season he was injured and missed many matches. He also missed matches because of the differences he had with the coach Nelo Vingada at the end of the season. He was the top scorer of the team for 2009–10 season and the most influential player on the team. In the second Sorkhabi derby of the season, Bagheri scored in the 87th minute with a trademark long-range shot to gain victory for Persepolis after six consecutive draws in the derby.
Club retirement
On 1 December 2010, Bagheri announced that he would retire and leave Persepolis.
Persepolis statistics
Club Career statistics
Assist Goals
International career
Bagheri was first called up to the Iranian national team during the 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, making his debut versus Pakistan on 6 June 1993. He displayed great football and soon became a starter for Iran in the midfield. He played in 1996 AFC Asian Cup for Team Melli and finished third.
He sparked Iran's comeback against Australia in the second leg of their 1998 FIFA World Cup qualifier in 1997. He scored the first of two goals that took Iran from two goals down to tie the game 2–2 and eventually become the last team to qualify for the tournament. Overall, he scored 19 goals during the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign, making him the top goalscorer from all six continental confederations. He played in 1998 Asian Games and won the competition. Bagheri also had one of the strongest right-footed shots and scored many fantastic goals against opponents, such as his game-tying goal against South Korea in the quarter finals of the 2000 Asian Cup in Lebanon.
Goal scoring record
On 2 June 1997, he scored seven times against the Maldives, and equalled the record for the most goals scored in a World Cup match, which was held by the Australian Gary Cole since 1981. Their joint record was broken on 11 April 2001 when another Australian, Archie Thompson scored 13 goals against American Samoa. He was named the world's second top goal scorer in official international matches by International Federation of Football History and Statistics (IFFHS), having scored 20 goals for Iran in 1997.
Early retirement
He retired from the national team with 80 caps and 47 goals for Team Melli after Iran's unsuccessful FIFA World Cup 2002 qualification campaign which ended with an aggregate defeat to Republic of Ireland in November 2001. He was called up to the national team again soon after World Cup 2006, but said he would not participate as he is retired from international football and has no plans on returning to it.
Return to national team
On 9 October 2008, Team Melli coach Ali Daei stated that because of Andranik Teymourian's injury Bagheri will be called up for the national team once again. On 9 November 2008 in a friendly match against Qatar, he appeared for Team Melli once again after almost seven years. Bagheri captained Iran in the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification match against UAE on 19 November 2008, scoring for Iran. He has been given his favorite number 6 jersey back. He played few important matches for Team Melli in 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification against UAE and South Korea. He was invited again by Afshin Ghotbi but he stated in Navad that he only returned to Team Melli because of Ali Daei and will not participate in any more matches for Team Melli.
Retirement match
On 2 October 2010, Bagheri announced he would play his last match with Team Melli on 7 October 2010 against Brazil in the Sheikh Zayed Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
International caps
International goals
Scores and results list Iran's goal tally first.
Coaching career
Two years after his retirement, he was offered a coaching role at Persepolis by newly appointed head coach Yahya Golmohammadi. He was promoted as the first-team coach in the coaching staff of Ali Daei.
On 8 April 2015 Karim was named assistant manager of Persepolis again.
Honours
Club
Persepolis
Iranian Football League (2): 1996–97, 2007–08
Hazfi Cup (2): 2009–10, 2010–11
Arminia Bielefeld
2. Bundesliga (1): 1998–99
Al-Sadd
Arab Club Champions Cup (1): 2001
Country
Iran
Asian Games Gold Medal: 1998
Individual
Football Iran News & Events: Midfielder of the year (2007–08)
Iran Football Federation Award: Player of the year (2007–08)
References
External links
Karim Bagheri at PersianLeague.com
RSSSF archive of Karim Bagheri's international appearances and goals
Official website : http://www.karimbagheri.com/
Category:1974 births
Category:Living people
Category:Expatriate footballers in England
Category:Expatriate footballers in Germany
Category:Iranian footballers
Category:Iranian Azerbaijani sportspeople
Category:Iranian expatriate footballers
Category:Iran international footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Persepolis F.C. players
Category:1996 AFC Asian Cup players
Category:1998 FIFA World Cup players
Category:2000 AFC Asian Cup players
Category:Arminia Bielefeld players
Category:Bundesliga players
Category:2. Bundesliga players
Category:Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Category:Al-Nasr SC (Dubai) players
Category:Premier League players
Category:Expatriate footballers in Qatar
Category:Sportspeople from Tabriz
Category:Tractor S.C. players
Category:Keshavarz players
Category:Al Sadd SC players
Category:Asian Games gold medalists for Iran
Category:Asian Games medalists in football
Category:Footballers at the 1998 Asian Games
Category:Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games
Category:Persian Gulf Pro League players
Category:Azadegan League players
Category:UAE Pro League players
Category:Qatar Stars League players
Category:Persepolis F.C. non-playing staff
Category:Iranian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Category:Iranian expatriate sportspeople in England | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Auiones
The Aviones or Auiones (*Awioniz meaning "island people") were one of the Nerthus-worshipping Germanic tribes of the 1st century mentioned by Tacitus in Germania, and they lived either in the southern Jutland Peninsula, or on Öland. They are mentioned in Widsith as Eowan.
Tacitus wrote of the group as defended by rivers and forests:
(Original Latin) "Reudigni deinde et Aviones et Anglii et Varini et Eudoses et Suardones et Nuithones fluminibus aut silvis muniuntur. Nec quicquam notabile in singulis, nisi quod in commune Nerthum, id est Terram matrem, colunt eamque intervenire rebus hominum, invehi populis arbitrantur. ..." --Tacitus, Germania, 40.</blockquote>
<blockquote>(English translation) "There follow in order the Reudignians, and Aviones, and Angles, and Varinians, and Eudoses, and Suardones and Nuithones; all defended by rivers or forests. Nor in one of these nations does aught remarkable occur, only that they universally join in the worship of Herthum (Nerthus); that is to say, the Mother Earth."--Tacitus, Germania, 40, translated 1877 by Church and Brodribb.
Thus, according to Tacitus, the Aviones lived on the Jutland Peninsula, near the Angles; if their name is indeed related to islands, they possibly lived on the North Frisian Islands. However, according to Kendrick, they probably lived on Öland. It is not only the meaning Island dwellers that connects them to the island Öland (meaning "Island land"), but also the Old English name for the island which is Eowland (mentioned by Wulfstan of Hedeby), "the land of the Eowan".
See also
List of Germanic peoples
References
Category:Early Germanic peoples | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Sigaus australis
Sigaus australis is the most common alpine grasshopper found in New Zealand. It can be found in the lower half of the South Island, from the Otago and Canterbury Region. S. australis was described in 1897 by Frederick Wollaston Hutton. Like all of New Zealand sub-alpine and alpine grasshoppers S. australis has a 2 or 3 years life cycle. The eggs must ‘overwinter’ before they will hatch. Hoppers are found throughout the year, and adult grasshoppers can be found throughout the New Zealand summer between December and April. The adult S. australis do not overwinter. The genus Sigaus is endemic to New Zealand.
Distribution and habitat
Sigaus australis can be found in the lower half of the South Island, from Otago and Canterbury regions. It can be found as far south as the Kawarau River () and as far north as the Torless Range (). Sigaus australis prefer tussock grasslands between in altitude, however, can be found as low as on the Alexandra Tailings, () and as high as on Smite Peak ().
Species description
The wings on S. australis are micropterous (small wings) between making this species flightless like most of New Zealand grasshoppers. Sigaus australis is highly cryptic, there is no polymorphism within this species. They will match the surrounding vegetation with colours of earth tones.
Type Information
Paprides australis Hutton (1897:147)
Hutton, F.W. 1897: The grasshopper and locusts of New Zealand and the Kermadec Island. Proc. Trans. NZ Inst. 30: 135-50
Type locality: Probably from Glenorchy, Lake Wakatipu, Otago. .
Type specimen: Female; C Chilton; Holotype and Lectotype are deposited in the Canterbury Museum, Christchurch.
Paprides torquatus Hutton (1898:47)
Hutton, F.W. 1898: Notes on the New Zealand. Proc. Trans. NZ Inst. 31: 44-50
Type locality: Probably from Mount Torlesse, Canterbury. .
Type specimen: Male; Holotype deposited in the Canterbury Museum, Christchurch.
Paprides armillaus Hutton (1898:47-48)
Hutton, F.W. 1898: Notes on the New Zealand. Proc. Trans. NZ Inst. 31: 44-50
References
Category:Acrididae of New Zealand
Category:Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Category:Insects described in 1898
Category:Acrididae | {
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1989–90 Detroit Red Wings season
The 1989–90 Detroit Red Wings season was the Red Wings' 58th season, the franchise's 64th. The season involved drafting Sergei Fedorov and Nicklas Lidstrom. Until 2016-17 this was the last season that the Red Wings failed to make the playoffs.
Offseason
NHL Draft
Regular season
Final standings
Schedule and results
Player statistics
Forwards
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalty minutes
Defencemen
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalty minutes
Goaltending
Note: GP = Games played; MIN = Minutes; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts; GAA = Goals against average
Scoring by goalies
Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Points
References
Red Wings on Hockey Database
Detroit
Detroit
Category:Detroit Red Wings seasons
Detroit Red Wings
Detroit Red Wings | {
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Shaun Scott
Shaun Scott may refer to:
Shaun Scott (actor)
Shaun Scott (filmmaker)
See also
Sean Scott (disambiguation) | {
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Thunakkadavu Dam
Thunakkadavu Dam is situated in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala across Thunacadavu River, which is a tributary of Parambikulam River, in Palakkad district of Kerala, India. It is part of the Parambikulam Aliyar (Irrigation) Project.This is a small balancing Reservoir with gross capacity is 557 Mcft. The water that is received from Prambikulam Reservoir and from the Peruvaripallam Reservoir, as well as from its own catchment, is diverted to the Sarkarpathy Power House through the Sarkarpathy Power Tunnel.
References
Category:Dams in Kerala
Category:Earth-filled dams
Category:Dams completed in 1965
Category:Buildings and structures in Palakkad district
Category:1965 establishments in India | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Arthur Bradfield
Arthur Bradfield (5 January 1892 – 25 December 1978) was an English cricketer. Bradfield was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Box, Wiltshire.
Bradfield made his first-class debut for Essex against the Combined Services in 1922. He made four further first-class appearances for Essex in 1922, the last of which came against Northamptonshire. In his five matches he scored just 7 runs at an average of 1.75, with a high score of 4 not out, while behind the stumps he took 2 catches and made 3 stumpings.
He died on 25 December 1978 at Mochdre, Denbighshire, Wales.
References
External links
Arthur Bradfield at ESPNcricinfo
Arthur Bradfield at CricketArchive
Category:1892 births
Category:1978 deaths
Category:People from Wiltshire
Category:English cricketers
Category:Essex cricketers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Charles W. Turner (Medal of Honor)
Charles William Turner (May 28, 1921 – September 2, 1950) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during the Battle of Yongsan in the Korean War. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on September 1, 1950.
Turner initially joined the Massachusetts National Guard, and was called to active duty in 1941 to serve in World War II. He was captured while serving in Italy in November 1943, and spent the remainder of the conflict as a prisoner of war.
Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Sergeant First Class, U.S. Army, 2nd Reconnaissance Company, 2nd Infantry Division
Place and date: Near Yeongsan, Korea, September 1, 1950
Entered service at: Massachusetts. Birth: Boston, Massachusetts
G.O. No.: 10, February 16, 1951
Citation:
Sfc. Turner distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy. A large enemy force launched a mortar and automatic weapon supported assault against his platoon. Sfc. Turner, a section leader, quickly organized his unit for defense and then observed that the attack was directed at the tank section 100 yards away. Leaving his secured section he dashed through a hail of fire to the threatened position and, mounting a tank, manned the exposed turret machine gun. Disregarding the intense enemy fire he calmly held this position delivering deadly accurate fire and pointing out targets for the tank's 75mm. gun. His action resulted in the destruction of 7 enemy machine gun nests. Although severely wounded he remained at the gun shouting encouragement to his comrades. During the action the tank received over 50 direct hits; the periscopes and antenna were shot away and 3 rounds hit the machine gun mount. Despite this fire he remained at his post until a burst of enemy fire cost him his life. This intrepid and heroic performance enabled the platoon to withdraw and later launch an attack which routed the enemy. Sfc. Turner's valor and example reflect the highest credit upon himself and are in keeping with the esteemed traditions of the U.S. Army.
See also
List of Medal of Honor recipients
List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients
Notes
References
Category:1921 births
Category:1950 deaths
Category:United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Category:United States Army soldiers
Category:American military personnel killed in the Korean War
Category:People from Boston
Category:Korean War recipients of the Medal of Honor | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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District Council of Franklin Harbour
The District Council of Franklin Harbour is a local government area in South Australia on the Eyre Peninsula. Cowell is the major population centre of an agricultural district based on farming wheat and sheep, supplemented by a fishing and oyster farming industries. The district's coastal towns including Cowell and Lucky Bay attract large numbers of tourists during school holidays, with the new Spencer Gulf ferry service increasing traffic to these areas since 2006.
History
Franklin Harbour itself was first sighted by Matthew Flinders in 1802 and subsequently named after his midshipman and nephew, John Franklin, by Governor George Gawler in 1840. The first settlers to the region arrived in 1853, with more following soon afterward.
The District Council was proclaimed in 1888. In 2014, the Hundreds of Mangalo and Heggaton were transferred from the Franklin Harbour council to the District Council of Cleve.
Localities
The district's focal point is the town of Cowell; it also includes the localities of Lucky Bay, Midgee, Miltalie, Minbrie, Mitchellville and Port Gibbon.
Facilities
The town of Cowell has most of the normal facilities of a larger town including accommodation, supermarket, petrol station, hotel and a number of food supplying shops.
Educationally, the district is served by Cowell Area School, which includes a school-community library; with a district hospital and clinic to cover the district's health needs. A number of churches also serve the district.
There are a number of sporting clubs including cricket, football, netball, golf and bowls along with playing facilities for each sport. Cowell also has an all weather boat ramp for those with boats, as well as a jetty.
Elected Members
Chairmen and mayors of Franklin Harbour
Frank Laurie Williams (1925-1927)
Earnest Perry Smith (1932-1939)
John Taylor Forth (1939-1941)
Frank Laurie Williams (1941-1945)
John Pellew Story (1945-1947)
Sidney Gordon Clothier (1947-1960)
Harold Alwin Schiller (1960-1967)
William James Martin Cooper (1967-1973)
John Arthur Burton (1973-1980)
Dudley John Kaden (1981-?)
References
External links
Council website
LGA Website
Franklin Harbour
Category:Eyre Peninsula
Category:1888 establishments in Australia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Songyang County
Songyang County () is a county in the southwest of Zhejiang province, China. It is under the administration of the Lishui city.
Administrative divisions
Towns:
Xiping (西屏镇), Gushi (古市镇), Yuyan (玉岩镇), Xiangxi (象溪镇), Dadongba (大东坝镇)
Townships:
Chishou Township (赤寿乡), Xinxing Township (新兴乡), Wangsong Township (望松乡), Sidu Township (四都乡), Xiecun Township (谢村乡), Zhangxi Township (樟溪乡), Sandu Township (三都乡), Xinchu Township (新处乡), Zhaitan Township (斋坛乡), Yecun Township (叶村乡), Zhuyuan Township (竹源乡), Fengping Township (枫坪乡), Yuxi Township (裕溪乡), Anmin Township (安民乡), Banqiao She Ethnic Township (板桥畲族乡)
Religion
The county government supports all religions. Songyang Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic Church located in Xiping Subdistrict.
Category:County-level cities in Zhejiang
Category:Lishui | {
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Phra That Dum
Phra That Dum (Thai:พระธาตุดุม) is located at Tambon Ngew Don Sakon Nakhon Province, 3 kilometres from town on the way to Phatthana Suksa School. There were originally 3 brick Khmer pagodas on the same laterite base but only one stands today. The pagodas were built in the 16th Buddhist Century.
Phra That Dum is the lone Stupa is built with laterite in the same period as Phra That Narai Cheng Weng, but the stupa is smaller without base. The lintel featuring God Vishnu in reclining position is placed on the northern arch. Furthermore, there are carving regarding gods riding different animals over the Rahu.
External links
Tourism Authority of Thailand
Category:Buildings and structures in Sakon Nakhon Province
Category:Angkorian sites in Thailand
Category:Tourist attractions in Sakon Nakhon Province | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Lake Todd (South Dakota)
Lake Todd is a natural lake in South Dakota, in the United States.
Lake Todd has the name of the local Todd family which settled there.
See also
List of lakes in South Dakota
References
Category:Lakes of South Dakota
Category:Lakes of Clark County, South Dakota | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Nienburg, Saxony-Anhalt
Nienburg is a town in the district of Salzlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is located in the lower Saale valley, approx. 5 km northeast of Bernburg. In June 2005 its population was 4,449.
Nienburg is first mentioned in travel records dating from 961. The medieval centre of the town is occupied by the Benedictine monastery, Nienburg Abbey, later turned into a castle, recently destroyed by fire. The church of the monastery, over 1000 years old, was inaugurated in 1004, and is beautifully preserved to this day.
In 1623, during the Thirty Years' War, part of the town was destroyed. In 1825 an early suspension bridge over the river Saale was constructed, but because of unforeseen vibrations it collapsed during the inauguration festivities, resulting in over a hundred casualties.
Personality
Annalista Saxo, Nienburg chronicler
Ibrahim ibn Jaqub, traveler, first mention of Nienburg
Odo I, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark (around 930–983), buried in the monastery Nienburg an der Saale
References
External links
Category:Salzlandkreis
Category:Duchy of Anhalt
Category:Bezirk Halle | {
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Hendrik Pieter Koekkoek
Hendrik Pieter Koekkoek (13 January 1843 – 1927) was a landscape painter from the Netherlands. He was the son of Marinus Adrianus Koekkoek, who taught him to paint.
Koekkoek was born in Hilversum and between 1850-1877 he was active in Amsterdam and the Hague. Like other members of his family, he is known for wooded landscapes. Jan Pontijn was his pupil.
Koekkoek died in England.
References
Hendrik Pieter Koekkoek on artnet
Category:1843 births
Category:1927 deaths
Category:People from Hilversum
Category:19th-century Dutch painters
Category:Dutch male painters
Category:20th-century Dutch painters | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Camp Bloomfield
Camp Bloomfield was a campground in the Santa Monica Mountains near Malibu, California, United States. In 1958, Henry Bloomfield purchased the land, donating its use to the Foundation for the Junior Blind (now Wayfinder Family Services) for a camp for children and youth who are blind, visually impaired or multi-disabled. The largest of its kind in the Western United States, Camp Bloomfield served hundreds of campers and family members free of charge each summer and was accredited by the American Camping Association (ACA). It was destroyed in the Woolsey fire on November 9, 2018.
Activities
Activities at camp include:
Archery
Beach Trips
Campfire Skits and Activities
Fishing
Group Discussions for Learning
High Ropes Course
Hiking
Horseback Riding
Interaction with Animal Life (formerly Nature)
Learning to Care for Self and Others
Learning About Responsibility and Leadership
Overnight Camping in Teepees
Playground activities
Swimming
Former Activities
Activities that used to be here were:
Riflery
Jazzercise
Photography
Diving
Singing
Arts & Crafts
Outdoor Cooking
Camp Directors
Norm Kaplan, Founder, 1958 - 1985
Mark Lucas
History
Camp Bloomfield was started in 1958 by Norm Kaplan with help from the Seabees and students at Pepperdine University. In consisted of a campfire circle, which was a bunch of wooden benches arranged around a central flame. Tents were in first years of the camp, but cabins - four for Boy's Town and four for Girl's Town - were in place by 1962. The camp offices and the mess hall, called Hanky's Hall, were built and the camp expanded. In 1974, deaf and hearing-impaired students were introduced to the Camp and mingled with the visually impaired students, which was a new experience all around. A song was chosen for this moment: Debbie Boone's "You Light Up My Life." The visually impaired students learned sign language so they could sign the lyrics to the song with the deaf students. Themes were introduced to the camp, as campers got to experience Western days, Hawaiian days, and other themes from various cultures. The diversity of staff reflected this, as many young people came in from around the world to serve as counselors and specialists. Norm would send out invitations calling for young adults to guide the campers around camp.
In 1984 camp scenes for Mask, were filmed here. Campers and staff got a preview of the finished film at Universal Studios in February, 1985.
There were four summer sessions:
SPED, for Special Education kids (kids with multiple handicaps and learning disabilities that came with blindness). This session lasted a week.
Tigers, for kids in elementary school. This session lasted two weeks.
Juniors, for kids in Junior High school. This session lasted three weeks.
Seniors, for teens in High school and college. This session lasted three weeks. Those who could, and who wanted to, could join the Summer Work Experience Program and work offsite doing office work during the day, and return to Camp at night.
After the 1980s the camp schedule was changed to include more sessions, and the sessions were reduced to three or four days apiece. Sessions were added for families and for campers who wanted to bring their sighted buddies, and split so that people who could not attend Camp in the early summer got to attend in the late summer, and vice versa.
The organization that owns the camp has changed names over the years. Here's the history of that:
Foundation for the Junior Blind, from 1958 to 2006
Junior Blind of America, from 2006 to 2018
Wayfinder Family Services, from 2018 on.
Demise and Reconstruction
Camp Bloomfield was the largest camp serving those who are blind or visually impaired the Western United States.
On November 9, 2018, Camp Bloomfield was destroyed in the Woolsey fire that swept down from Oak Park to the Pacific Ocean. At the time, there was discussion of selling off the camp, and that appeared in a CCB article in April 2019, but as of February 1, 2020, it's been announced that it will be rebuilt.
References
External links
Wayfinder Family Services main site (Formerly Junior Blind of America and Foundation for the Junior Blind)
Wayfinder Family Services: Camp Bloomfield
Camp Bloomfield's family honored for longtime commitment
Omni Media Networks: Recreation Opportunities
Seeing a difference: Summer Festival returns to raise blind awareness
Bloomfield
Bloomfield
Category:Blindness organizations in the United States
Category:Buildings and structures in Los Angeles County, California | {
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Strittmatter
Strittmatter is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Erwin Strittmatter (1912–1994), German writer
Eva Strittmatter (1930–2011), German poet and wife of Erwin Strittmatter
Mark Strittmatter (born 1969), American baseball player and coach
Rolf Strittmatter (born 1955), Swiss bobsledder
See also
99070 Strittmatter, an asteroid
Category:German-language surnames | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
1937 Giro di Lombardia
The 1937 Giro di Lombardia was the 33rd edition of the Giro di Lombardia cycle race and was held on 23 October 1937. The race started and finished in Milan. The race was won by Aldo Bini of the Bianchi team.
General classification
References
1937
Giro di Lombardia
Giro di Lombardia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series
The 2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series was the 70th season of NASCAR professional stock car racing in the United States, and the 47th modern-era Cup series season. The season began at Daytona International Speedway with the Advance Auto Parts Clash, the Can-Am Duel qualifying races and the 60th running of the Daytona 500. The regular season ended with the Brickyard 400 on September 9, 2018. The playoffs ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway on November 18, 2018. Martin Truex Jr. was the defending champion, having won his first in the series.
The 2018 season was the fourth of the current 10-year television contract with Fox Sports and NBC Sports and the third of a five-year race sanctioning agreement with all tracks. It is the first season to feature the Regular Season Championship trophy, which is awarded at the final race before the playoffs. Kyle Busch clinched the MENCS Regular Season Championship trophy at the end of Stage 2 of the 2018 Brickyard 400.
The season marked the debut of the Chevrolet Camaro ZL1, which replaced the outgoing Chevrolet SS and became the first coupe-based Chevrolet stock car since the Monte Carlo SS was discontinued in 2007. This was also the last season for Kasey Kahne, who announced his intention to retire from racing at the end of the season and was forced to step away in early October 2018 after not being medically cleared to continue, as well as BK Racing who sold its equipment to Front Row Motorsports, and Furniture Row Racing, which will cease operations after 2018. It was also the final season Ford fielded the Fusion, replacing it with the Ford Mustang in 2019.
Joey Logano, driving for Team Penske in a Ford won the championship, after defeating Martin Truex Jr, Kevin Harvick and Kyle Busch in a 1–2–3–4 finish for the "Championship 4" at the final round at Homestead. Logano won three races during the course of the season, having also won the spring race at Talladega and the fall race at Martinsville. Austin Dillon was the Daytona 500 winner. Kyle Busch and Harvick won the most races with eight each; with Denny Hamlin and 7-time series champion Jimmie Johnson concluding their first winless seasons in full-time Cup competition. Erik Jones and Chase Elliott won their first career victories and William Byron became Rookie of the Year.
The 2018 season would be the first season without Dale Earnhardt Jr. since 1998, Michael Waltrip since 1985, and Boris Said since 1997. Marking for the first time in which the Waltrip name is not in the grid.
Teams and drivers
Chartered teams
Limited schedule
Changes
Teams
Team Penske will expand to a three-car team with the addition of Ryan Blaney in the No. 12, previously with Wood Brothers Racing in the No. 21 in 2017.
On August 29, 2017, Hendrick Motorsports announced that the current No. 24 team driven by Chase Elliott would be changing to the No. 9 team, while the No. 5 would become the new No. 24 team to be driven by rookie William Byron. Alan Gustafson is expected to remain as Elliott's crew chief while Darian Grubb will work with William Byron.
Furniture Row Racing will downsize from a two car team to a one car team, shutting down the No. 77 team as sponsor 5-hour Energy moves to the No. 78 team.
On September 25, 2017, it was announced that a new Chevrolet team, StarCom Racing, would open and run the No. 00 car full-time, with driver Derrike Cope, moving from Premium Motorsports. Cope was planning to drive the majority of the 2018 schedule with other drivers possibly running races, however, Jeffrey Earnhardt was later announced as the driver for the season. The No. 00 is also guaranteed to run every race as they have leased a charter from the part-time Richard Childress Racing No. 8 team. Cope will instead run a second car later in the season, the No. 99 Camaro. After Fontana, Earnhardt and StarCom mutually agreed to part ways. After starting the season without a ride, Landon Cassill would take over the 00 for Martinsville, Texas, Bristol, Richmond and possibly the rest of the season. Joey Gase was later announced as the driver for Talladega and road course ringer Tomy Drissi was announced as the driver for Sonoma. The No. 99 would debut with Cope at the first Dover race of the season.
On November 14, 2017, JTG Daugherty Racing announced that they will switch their technical alliance from Richard Childress Racing to Hendrick Motorsports in the 2018 season.
On November 22, 2017, Rick Ware Racing announced an expansion from a 30-race open team to one full-time team for Ray Black Jr. and one part-time team for Cody Ware, Kyle Weatherman, B. J. McLeod and John Graham. However, before the season began, the deal with Black fell through, but Black will still drive the No. 51 at Daytona in July. RWR has fielded the No. 51 for Black, Justin Marks, Cole Custer, Harrison Rhodes, Timmy Hill, Cody Ware, B.J. McLeod, and Chris Cook. The No. 52 would make its debut at Sonoma with Cody Ware.
On December 7, 2017, after it was announced that Richard Petty Motorsports would be switching manufacturers from Ford to Chevrolet, RPM also announced that in 2018 they would have a technical alliance with Richard Childress Racing.
On December 12, 2017, it was announced that Circle Sport Racing and The Motorsports Group, who became one team in 2017, parted ways. Both teams will field a car for 2018. Circle Sport will continue with the No. 33, but Jeffrey Earnhardt was released even though he was going to be the No. 33 driver in 2018. Both teams will have different drivers and sponsors.
On January 3, 2018, it was announced that Team Penske had purchased a charter from Roush Fenway Racing in order to field the No. 12 car for Ryan Blaney full-time in 2018. The charter had been leased to JTG Daugherty Racing to field the No. 37 for Chris Buescher in 2017, and had previously been used for the No. 16 of Greg Biffle in 2016.
On January 17, 2018, it was announced that RBR Enterprises will join the Cup series and will field the No. 92 Ford to attempt the Daytona 500 with David Gilliland behind the wheel. The team spent the past eight seasons competing 79 races in the Truck series.
On January 22, 2018, it was announced that Gaunt Brothers Racing will return to the Daytona 500 with D. J. Kennington driving the No. 96 Toyota. The team entered the spring ISM Raceway race, which would be their first appearance on a non-restrictor track.
On January 23, 2018, Richard Childress Racing announced that it will downsize to two full-time teams and one part-time team for 2018, the No. 27 team will be renumbered as the No. 8 and it will run two races with Daniel Hemric.
On April 25, 2018, Roush Fenway Racing announced that Matt Kenseth will reunite with RFR and will share the No. 6 car with Trevor Bayne for the 2018 season.
On August 5, 2018, Leavine Family Racing announced that its technical alliance with Richard Childress Racing will end after the 2018 season.
On August 23, 2018, Front Row Motorsports purchased majority of the assets of the bankrupt BK Racing for $2.08 million, outbidding GMS Racing offer of $1.8 million. In addition, the trustee of BK Racing sold some secondary assets to Obaika Racing for $265,000 and a tractor to Rick Ware Racing to $35,000.
On September 4, 2018, it was announced that Furniture Row Racing would cease operations after the 2018 season, making defending champion Martin Truex Jr. a free agent for 2019.
On September 12, 2018, NASCAR collaborated with the Race Team Alliance and Twitter to unveil customized hashtags and emojis for the top 16 drivers entering the playoffs. Each driver will have their hashtag and emoji displayed on the sides of their cars until they are eliminated from contention. Non-playoff drivers can have their hashtags and the Twitter logo displayed on their cars. This was in effect until the 2018 Hollywood Casino 400. From the 2018 First Data 500 to the 2018 Can-Am 500, all hashtag and emoji labels were replaced with the NBC logo. On November 12, 2018, NASCAR partnered with Snapchat to have all cars sport Snapcodes at the season-ending 2018 Ford EcoBoost 400.
On October 5, 2018, Obaika Racing announced that they would attempt their first ever MENCS race at Talladega Superspeedway, fielding the No. 97 Space Grill Toyota Camry for the 2018 1000Bulbs.com 500 with David Starr. The team ultimately failed to qualify in the race, but made the field with Starr in their second attempt at the fall Texas race.
Drivers
On April 25, 2017, Dale Earnhardt Jr. announced that he would retire from full-time racing. On July 20, 2017, Alex Bowman was announced as his full-time replacement.
On July 11, 2017, it was announced that Erik Jones will be replacing Matt Kenseth in the No. 20 car for Joe Gibbs Racing. On November 4, 2017, Kenseth announced he would be stepping away from full-time racing and will not compete in any 2018 events, but on April 25, 2018, it was announced that Kenseth would drive the No. 6 part-time along with Trevor Bayne for Roush Fenway Racing.
On July 26, 2017, it was announced that Paul Menard will replace Ryan Blaney in the No. 21 car for Wood Brothers Racing.
On August 1, 2017, it was announced that Kurt Busch will become a free agent after driving the No. 41 car for Stewart Haas Racing. However, on December 11, 2017, it was announced that Busch had re-signed with Stewart-Haas Racing on a 1-year deal.
On August 7, 2017, it was announced that Kasey Kahne would be leaving the No. 5 Hendrick Motorsports car at the end of 2017. On August 8, 2017, it was announced that William Byron was named as his full-time replacement in the renumbered No. 24 car and will be running for Rookie of the Year honors. On September 19, 2017, it was announced that Kahne would be driving the No. 95 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Leavine Family Racing, replacing Michael McDowell.
On September 12, 2017, Danica Patrick announced that she would not be returning to Stewart-Haas Racing in 2018. Later that day, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Aric Almirola would not be returning to the No. 43 team in 2018. On October 25, 2017, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Darrell Wallace Jr. would drive the No. 43 and compete for Rookie of the Year Honors. In 2017, Wallace Jr. was going to run the full NASCAR Xfinity Series schedule driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang GT for Roush Fenway Racing, but the team shut down in June due to a lack of sponsorship. Wallace would also drive the No. 43 in the Cup series, filling in for Almirola when he was injured in a crash at Kansas. Wallace also drove the No. 98 Ford Mustang GT for Biagi-DenBeste Racing in the Xfinity Series at Chicago, and the No. 99 Chevrolet Silverado for MDM Motorsports in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series at Michigan.
On September 25, 2017, Derrike Cope announced he would leave the No. 55 car of Premium Motorsports to drive the new No. 99 for StarCom Racing. Cope also serves as Team Manager, and the No. 00 team will run the full schedule after securing a charter and Landon Cassill will drive the majority of the schedule.
On October 10, 2017, Front Row Motorsports announced that Landon Cassill would not return to drive the team's No. 34 entry in 2018. On December 14, 2017, it has been confirmed that Michael McDowell will drive full-time in the No. 34, and David Ragan is returning to FRM in the No. 38.
On November 8, 2017, Stewart-Haas Racing announced that Aric Almirola would take over the No. 10 Ford full-time in 2018, replacing Danica Patrick.
On November 15, 2017, it was announced that Danica Patrick would be retiring from auto racing. She planned to race in the 2018 Daytona 500 (NASCAR) and the 2018 Indy 500 (IndyCar) before retiring.
On November 22, 2017, it was announced that Ray Black Jr. would compete full-time and challenge for Rookie of the Year with Rick Ware Racing's No. 51 chartered entry. The No. 51 did not have a charter in 2017. RWR also announced a part-time No. 52 team with drivers Cody Ware, Kyle Weatherman, B. J. McLeod and John Graham. However, in early February, it was that Justin Marks would drive the No. 51 in the Daytona 500, even though Ray Black Jr. was announced as the full-time driver. It is rumored that the deal fell through. Marks, Black, Cole Custer, Harrison Rhodes, Timmy Hill, Cody Ware, B.J. McLeod, and Chris Cook all made starts in the car. The No. 52 would make its debut at Sonoma with Cody Ware.
On January 30, 2018, StarCom Racing signed Jeffrey Earnhardt to drive its chartered No. 00 Chevrolet for the season. Earnhardt replaces Derrike Cope, who will remain as team manager and also will drive a second car for the team later in the year. Earnhardt previously drove for Circle Sport – The Motorsports Group full-time in 2017. After the first 5 races, Earnhardt was replaced by Landon Cassill. Joey Gase was later announced as the driver for Talladega and road course ringer Tomy Drissi was announced as the driver for Sonoma.
On February 5, 2018, TriStar Motorsports announced that Corey LaJoie would split the chartered No. 72 team with Cole Whitt, with sponsorship from Schluter Systems. LaJoie previously drove for BK Racing's Nos. 23 and 83 in most of the races in 2017.
On March 20, 2018, Richard Childress Racing announced that Daniel Hemric would drive a part-time No. 8 car in the Cup Series during the Richmond spring race and the during the playoffs on the new Charlotte "Roval" course.
On August 16, 2018, Kasey Kahne announced his retirement from full-time racing following the 2018 season. After suffering from heat exhaustion at the 2018 Bojangles' Southern 500, Kahne was replaced by Regan Smith as the Leavine Family Racing No. 95 driver at the 2018 Brickyard 400. On October 9, 2018, Kahne announced that he will not continue racing for the rest of the 2018 season.
Crew chiefs
Jeremy Bullins will move over from the No. 21 Wood Brothers Racing team to the new No. 12 Team Penske team to continue to be Ryan Blaney's crew chief.
Greg Erwin will move from the No. 22 Team Penske team in the NASCAR Xfinity Series to the No. 21 Wood Brothers Racing team to be Paul Menard's crew chief.
Travis Mack will move from being the car chief for the No. 88 Hendrick Motorsports team to the No. 95 Leavine Family Racing team to be Kasey Kahne's crew chief. After Michigan in June, Mack was removed and replaced by Jon Leonard in the short term.
Championship winning crew chief Darian Grubb will be the crew chief for the No. 24 Hendrick Motorsports team and William Byron. In 2017, Grubb was the crew chief for Kasey Kahne in the final 9 races of the season after Keith Rodden left as the crew chief role.
Bootie Barker will leave the No. 13 team at the end of the 2017 season. On November 27, 2017, Germain Racing announced that Matt Borland will move over from the No. 27 Richard Childress Racing team to be the crew chief for Stephen Tan.
Jason Ratcliff will move over from the No. 20 Joe Gibbs Racing team to the No. 20 JGR team in the NASCAR Xfinity Series to be the crew chief for Christopher Bell. Chris Gayle moves over from the now shut down No. 77 Furniture Row Racing team to continue to be Erik Jones' crew chief.
Eddie Pardue will move with The Motorsports Group and be the crew chief. Pardue was the crew chief for the No. 33 for Circle Sport-The Motorsports Group until the two teams split after the 2017 season.
On December 15, 2017, Tony Gibson announced his retirement. Johnny Klausmeier, who served as car chief on the No. 41 team, will be the crew chief for Aric Almirola, while Billy Scott moves from the No. 10 team to the No. 41 to be crew chief for Kurt Busch.
On February 27, 2018, Go Fas Racing announced Randy Cox would take over crew chief duties for the No. 32 team, replacing Gene Nead.
On October 9, 2018, Joe Gibbs Racing announced that Dave Rogers will replace Scott Graves as the crew chief of the No. 19 team.
On November 7, 2018, NASCAR suspended Rodney Childers of the Stewart-Haas Racing No. 4 team for the last two races of the season after a post-race inspection following the team's win at Texas discovered an unapproved spoiler. He was replaced by Tony Gibson for the remainder of the season.
Manufacturers
With the discontinuation of the SS after the 2017 model year, Chevrolet unveiled a new body style based on the Camaro ZL1.
MBM Motorsports purchased an old Richard Petty Motorsports Ford and ran it in the Daytona 500 with Mark Thompson behind the wheel. MBM ran Chevrolets and Toyotas in 2017. MBM Motorsports would return to using Toyotas for most of the remainder of 2018 starting at Bristol with Chad Finchum.
After running Chevrolets for the 2017 season, Rick Ware Racing announced that they will run with all three manufacturers in 2018.
On December 7, 2017, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that they would be switching manufacturers from Ford to Chevrolet for the 2018 season. Richard Petty Motorsports ran Fords from 2010 to 2017 and last ran a General Motors car in 2000.
BK Racing switched manufacturers from Toyota to Ford at the 2018 1000Bulbs.com 500 at Talladega before reverting to Toyota at the 2018 Hollywood Casino 400 at Kansas.
This will be the final year of the Ford Fusion as on April 17, 2018, Ford announced the Ford Mustang as their entry in the Cup series for 2019.
Offseason changes
Rule changes
During its annual media tour in November 2017, NASCAR announced that constraints would be imposed on crew rosters in its three national series. Crew members are divided into "Organizational", "Road Crew", and "Pit Crew" roles; in the Cup Series, a single team may only have a roster of 3-4 organizational crew members (depending on the number of cars they field), 12 road crew members, and 5 pit crew members (reduced from 6, as implemented in 2011). Crew members must be assigned a jersey number and a letter corresponding to their position, which must be worn on their crew uniforms. Staff may be shared between a team's individual cars, even if they are not explicitly listed on their roster. NASCAR's executive vice president and chief racing development officer Steve O'Donnell stated that these changes were intended to improve safety, as well as improve its focus on teamwork.
In February 2018, it was announced that the vehicle damage policy introduced in 2017 had been modified, following analysis of the rule's effects in 2017, and to account for the reduction in pit crew members. The length of the repair window has been extended to six minutes, and the penalty for having too many crew members repairing the car was reduced from disqualification to a two-lap penalty. Additionally, the length of the first session in qualifying on intermediate- and short-tracks has been reduced from 20 to 15 minutes.
On May 16, 2018, NASCAR announced that teams no longer need to start the race on the tires used in qualifying, due to teams that fail to pass the inspection before qualifying getting an advantage.
Schedule
The final schedule – comprising 36 races, as well as exhibition races, which are the Advance Auto Parts Clash, Can-Am Duel qualifying duel races for the Daytona 500 and the All-Star Race – was released on May 23, 2017.
Key changes from 2017 include:
The Daytona 500 is held one week earlier. As a result of this, all races from Atlanta until Talladega (spring), and also Pocono and Michigan in June will move one week earlier than 2017.
The Toyota Owners 400 at Richmond Raceway will move from Sunday afternoon to Saturday night due to attendance issues.
The AAA 400 Drive for Autism will move after the GEICO 500 and before the KC Masterpiece 400. Due to Daytona moving a week earlier, Dover was forced to move to May, similar to 2016 and (some) years before that when Daytona was on Presidents Day Weekend.
The new date that Las Vegas Motor Speedway acquired from New Hampshire Motor Speedway was moved to the first race of playoffs to replace Overton's 400 at Chicagoland Speedway which moved back to July before the Coke Zero Sugar 400. That means the Coke Zero Sugar 400, Quaker State 400 and Foxwoods Resort Casino 301 will move one week later than 2017.
The Big Machine Vodka 400 at the Brickyard at Indianapolis Motor Speedway will move to September to become the final race of the regular season while the Federated Auto Parts 400 at Richmond Raceway will move to the second race in the Round of 16.
The Bank of America 500 at Charlotte Motor Speedway will move one week earlier to become the elimination race of the Round of 16 and will utilize the track's road course layout instead of its quad-oval. The race's scheduled distance will also be shortened from 500 miles to 400 kilometers, resulting in a name change to the Bank of America Roval 400. That means the Gander Outdoors 400 at Dover International Speedway will move one week later to become the first race of the Round of 12.
In broadcasting changes, an additional off week in June was added for the Father's Day weekend between Michigan and Sonoma so that the Fox networks could air the U.S. Open and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The third off week will be after Bristol's August race.
Crown Jewel races in bold
Schedule changes
In 2015, NASCAR and 23 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series tracks agreed on a five-year contract that guarantees each track would continue to host races through 2020. Despite the agreement, Speedway Motorsports decided to transfer one of its Cup Series races at New Hampshire Motor Speedway to Las Vegas Motor Speedway to form a race weekend involving each of the three national series in the fall. On July 27, 2016, Daytona International Speedway announced that the 60th running of the Daytona 500 would be moved one week earlier to be held on February 18, 2018.
Several changes were announced with the release of the final schedule. The Big Machine Vodka 400 at the Brickyard at Indianapolis Motor Speedway moved to September to become the final race of the regular season, while the Federated Auto Parts 400 at Richmond Raceway moved to the second race in the Round of 16. The new date that Las Vegas Motor Speedway acquired from New Hampshire Motor Speedway was moved to the first race of the playoffs to replace Chicagoland Speedway, which became race 17 of the regular season. Dover International Speedway's spring race, the AAA 400 Drive for Autism, was moved one month early to precede Kansas Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway. The track's fall race, the Gander Outdoors 400, was moved one week later to become the first race of the Round of 12. Also, Charlotte Motor Speedway's Bank of America 500 moves one week earlier and will utilize the track's road course layout instead of its quad-oval; with the scheduled distance changing from 500 miles to 400 kilometers, the race will now be known as the Bank of America Roval 400. With an additional off-week in the schedule for 2018, the Father's Day off-week that FOX added for the U.S. Open and the 2018 FIFA World Cup will be restored, with the third off-week being after the Bristol August race.
Season summary
Race reports
Speedweeks 2018
Daytona Speedweeks started with the Advance Auto Parts Clash. Austin Dillon drew the pole as Chase Elliott and Brad Keselowski led the majority of the race. Jamie McMurray crashed and Ricky Stenhouse Jr. received a penalty. Keselowski led the last half to win over Joey Logano as Jimmie Johnson crashed after contact with Kyle Larson with Chase Elliott, Kasey Kahne, Kyle Busch, and Martin Truex Jr. also getting involved.
In Daytona 500 qualifying, Alex Bowman won the pole while Denny Hamlin qualified second. Bowman won the pole for his first race since taking over the No. 88 car from Dale Earnhardt Jr. full-time. This was the fourth consecutive Daytona 500 pole won by Hendrick Motorsports.
In the Can-Am Duels on Thursday, Bowman was on pole for race one. In the early laps, Jimmie Johnson lost a tire and crashed along with Aric Almirola. Ricky Stenhouse Jr. was moving around the entire race, but got into both William Byron and David Gilliland, taking them out. Joey Logano led the majority of laps, but was passed for the lead by Ryan Blaney as Brad Keselowski crashed with Jamie McMurray, sending the race into overtime. In overtime, Blaney held off Joey Logano and Darrell Wallace Jr. to win the first Duel. In the second Duel, Hamlin was on pole. Early in the race, Erik Jones spun and collected Kyle Larson and Matt DiBenedetto. Hamlin and Chase Elliott led most of the race. Elliott led the most laps to win his second straight Duel race over Kevin Harvick.
Round 1: Daytona 500
Alex Bowman started on pole. Early on, Kyle Busch had a tire go down and had to pit. Later, Busch had another tire down and got into the wall and collected Jamie McMurray and D.J. Kennington. In the closing laps of stage one, Erik Jones spun and collected Kyle Larson, Jimmie Johnson, Daniel Suarez, William Byron, and Stephen Tan as Kurt Busch won stage one. In stage two, Byron got into the wall after having a tire go down. Brad Keselowski got into Chase Elliott and collected others including David Ragan, Kevin Harvick, Kasey Kahne, and Danica Patrick, who finished 35th in her final NASCAR race. Ryan Blaney won stage two over Joey Logano. In the final stage, Blaney continued to lead. In the closing laps, Byron again had a tire go down and spun. With two laps to go, Kurt Busch got turned around and collected Blaney, Matt DiBenedetto, Brendan Gaughan, and others, sending the race to overtime. In overtime, Aric Almirola was leading at the white flag, and tried to block Austin Dillon, but the block was late and Almirola ended up in the wall. Austin Dillon held off Darrell Wallace Jr. for his second career win and winning the Daytona 500 in the No. 3 20 years after Dale Earnhardt won his only 500 in 1998.
Round 2: Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500
Kyle Busch led the field to the green flag after an hour delay from rain. Ryan Newman jumped out to an early lead, but Busch was able to reclaim the lead. After the end-of-stage caution, Newman had a tire go down and hit the wall. Kevin Harvick led and won the first stage. In the second stage, Harvick, Kurt Busch, and Brad Keselowski all led as Keselowski won stage two after a spin by Jimmie Johnson. In the final stage, Harvick continued to dominate as Denny Hamlin and Joey Logano tried to win on a different strategy as the rest of the field. Late in the final stage, Trevor Bayne had an engine failure as Darrell Wallace Jr. plowed into Ricky Stenhouse Jr. trying to avoid the smoke. Harvick continued to lead and won over Keselowski for his first win at Atlanta since 2001.
Round 3: Pennzoil 400
Ryan Blaney started on pole. Kevin Harvick took the lead at the beginning and dominated and won the first two caution free stages. In the final stage, Jamie McMurray got into the wall after a flat tire. Kurt Busch got loose and crashed along with Chase Elliott. Harvick led over 200 laps and held off a hard charging Kyle Busch for his second straight win and second at Las Vegas.
Round 4: TicketGuardian 500
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole. Kyle Larson shot out to the lead early and led most of the first stage. Kyle Busch took the lead and won the first stage. Early in the second stage, Larson spun on the apron. Chris Buescher had a tire go down and got into the wall. Kurt Busch stayed out and won the second stage. Denny Hamlin took the lead as Paul Menard had a tire go down and got into the wall. Kyle Busch regained the lead until green flag pit stops. Brad Keselowski stayed out to stretch it out until the end, but had to pit. Kevin Harvick was able to pass Chase Elliott during the green flag cycle to take the lead from Ryan Newman and hold off Kyle Busch for his third consecutive win and ninth at Phoenix.
Round 5: Auto Club 400
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole for the second straight week. Early, Kevin Harvick got into the wall and spun through the grass after contact with Kyle Larson, ending his chances for a fourth straight win. Truex was able to win the first stage and win the second stage after Trevor Bayne got into the wall. David Ragan brought out the final caution as Truex was able to beat out Kyle Busch on pit stops and pulled away from Larson to sweep all three stages to win.
Round 6: STP 500
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole for the third straight week as qualifying was cancelled due to rain and snow. The race was postponed from Sunday to Monday due to snow. Denny Hamlin won the first stage after a Competition Caution and Ryan Blaney won the second stage. Jamie McMurray spun after contact with Austin Dillon. Clint Bowyer took the lead from Blaney and dominated the remainder of the race, leading 215 laps. McMurray, Trevor Bayne, and Harrison Rhodes all had tires go down, but there was no caution. Bowyer held off Kyle Busch for his first win since 2012 and the fourth out of six races for Stewart-Haas Racing.
Round 7: O'Reilly Auto Parts 500
Kurt Busch started on pole after qualifying was cancelled just after the first round due to rain. As soon as the race began, Alex Bowman spun and collected Aric Almirola, Austin Dillon, and Paul Menard. At the end of the first stage, Martin Truex Jr. had a tire go down and got into the wall as Kevin Harvick scored the stage win as it ended under caution. In the second stage, Kyle Larson had a tire go down and he got into the wall. Kyle Busch was able to win the second stage. Early in the final stage, Denny Hamlin spun and collected David Ragan, Brad Keselowski, and Jimmie Johnson. Menard and Ryan Newman both got into the wall. Kyle Busch and Harvick, both with older tires, were able to stay out front and Busch was able to hold Harvick off for his first win of the year and third at Texas.
Round 8: Food City 500
Kyle Busch started on pole. Michael McDowell spun on the third lap and collected others including Chase Elliott and Martin Truex Jr. The race was stopped three different times due to rain and a wreck by Trevor Bayne. Ryan Blaney led most of the first half of the race, but was caught up in an accident while leading, ending his race. Brad Keselowski won the first stage. After another red flag due to rain, the remainder of the race was postponed to Monday. After a small delay due to rain, the race continued. Keselowski would win the second stage after taking back the lead. Kyle Larson took back the lead and continued leading until spun after making contact with Ryan Newman. Kyle Busch got the lead when the caution was displayed for rain, but it was a brief yellow. On the final restart, Larson got back in the lead, but Kyle Busch passed Larson for the lead with six laps to go and Busch pulled away to his second straight win and seventh at Bristol.
Round 9: Toyota Owners 400
Martin Truex Jr. won the pole. Joey Logano dominated the early part of the race, winning both stages. Kurt Busch and Clint Bowyer took turned swapping the lead. Truex regained the lead and lead a race high of 121 laps. Ryan Blaney and Ricky Stenhouse Jr. got together and spun. Jamie McMurray got into the wall and made contact with Ryan Newman, who blew up. David Ragan had a tire go down and got into the wall. Stenhouse spun again to send the race into overtime. On the restart, Kyle Busch held off Chase Elliott for his third straight win and fifth at Richmond.
Round 10: GEICO 500
Kevin Harvick started the race from the pole. Brad Keselowski won the first stage of the race. In the second stage, Erik Jones caused a multicar wreck that collected Jamie McMurray, Kyle Larson, Martin Truex Jr., and Trevor Bayne. Paul Menard won the second stage of the race. Numerous drivers experienced speeding penalties on pit road including Denny Hamlin, who was caught speeding on pit road multiple times. Late in the race, Jimmie Johnson got loose in front of teammate William Byron and caused a 14-car accident that also collected Keselowski, Menard, Clint Bowyer, Michael McDowell, Ryan Blaney, Darrell Wallace Jr., and A.J. Allmendinger. Joey Logano led in the closing laps of the race and went to score his first win of the season, ending a 36 race winless streak.
Round 11: AAA 400 Drive for Autism
Kyle Larson started on pole. Michael McDowell spun and Derrike Cope crashed early as Kevin Harvick won both stages. Kyle Busch went to the garage after suffering a broken driveshaft. Clint Bowyer was leading when the race was halted by a red flag due to rain. After the delay, Kevin Harvick passed Bowyer for the lead and pulled away for his second win at Dover and his fourth win of the season.
Round 12: KC Masterpiece 400
Kevin Harvick started on pole. Harvick led early, but Ryan Blaney took the lead and won the first stage. Kyle Larson came from the rear of the field to dominate the race, winning the second stage. Alex Bowman and Daniel Suarez got together and both got into the wall. Larson and Blaney got into each other, putting Blaney in the wall. On the restart, William Byron had a tire go down caused a wreck featuring Clint Bowyer, Ryan Newman, Stephen Tan, Jamie McMurray, Chris Buescher, and Matt Kenseth, competing in his first race of the year, bringing out the red flag. On the restart, Martin Truex Jr. pulled away from the field, but Kevin Harvick was able run down Truex to take the lead for his second consecutive win and his fifth of the season.
Exhibition: Monster Energy NASCAR All-Star Race
First, it was the Monster Energy Open. Aric Almirola started on pole due to qualifying being rained out. Almirola led early, but Alex Bowman took the lead and won the first stage to transfer. In the second stage, Paul Menard got into the wall. Chase Elliott had the lead, but Daniel Suárez took the lead and won the second stage to transfer. Darrell Wallace Jr. led in the final stage, but Elliott got back into the lead. Alimrola and Erik Jones got into each other as A.J. Allmendinger took the lead and held off Eliott to win his second Open to transfer. Chase Eliott won the fan vote to transfer for the third straight year.
Matt Kenseth won the pole for the race. Kurt Busch spun early as Kevin Harvick won the first stage and Kyle Busch won the second stage. In the third stage, Kasey Kahne got into the wall. Martin Truex Jr. got into Clint Bowyer and they crashed with Kurt Busch, Kyle Busch, and Brad Keselowski. Harvick got by Daniel Suárez to win the third stage. In the final 10 laps, Harvick was out front as Kyle Larson spun after contact with Joey Logano. In a two lap shootout, Kevin Harvick held off Daniel Suárez for his second All-Star Race win and the $1 million.
Round 13: Coca-Cola 600
Kyle Busch started on pole. Defending winner Austin Dillon got in the wall after having a tire go down early. Kevin Harvick got into the wall, taking him out of the race, as Busch won the first stage. William Byron had a tire go down and got into the wall. Jimmie Johnson spun after contact with Denny Hamlin and also sent Joey Logano spinning. Busch won the second stage. In the third stage, Gray Gaulding crashed and Chris Buescher spun. Kyle Larson spun and Ryan Blaney blew an engine and caught fire. Busch won the third stage. Kyle Busch continued to dominate and won his fourth race of the season and with the win, he became the first in history to win a race at every racetrack in the MENCS that he competed at.
Round 14: Pocono 400
Defending race winner Ryan Blaney started on pole. Blaney led early until he had a problem and had to pit. Martin Truex, Jr. got the lead and won the first stage. Kevin Harvick got to the lead and dominated to win a caution free stage two. In the final stage, Matt DiBenedetto had brake issues and it caused a tire to catch fire as Kasey Kahne and Darrell Wallace, Jr. both had transmission issues. Derrike Cope spun after contact with Kyle Larson and Denny Hamlin spun and crashed into the wall after contact with Alex Bowman. On the restart, Erik Jones spun after contact with Joey Logano. On the restart, Martin Truex, Jr. pulled away from Larson, Harvick, and Kyle Busch to pick up his second win of the season and second at Pocono.
Round 15: FireKeepers Casino 400
Kurt Busch started on pole. The race started over two hours late due to rain. Austin Dillon and Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. spun after making contact with each other just as the competition caution came out. David Ragan got into the wall after contact with Darrell Wallace, Jr. Matt Kenseth spun at the end of the stage as Ryan Blaney, who had taken the lead from Kurt Busch, won the first stage. Daniel Suárez spun after contact with Paul Menard. Kyle Larson, who won the last three Michigan races, spun into the grass, ending his changes of a fourth straight win. Kevin Harvick won the second stage over his teammates. Clint Bowyer had taken the lead from Harvick as Ricky Stenhouse Jr. spun as rain was reported around the track. The race was called giving Bowyer his second win of the season.
Round 16: Toyota/Save Mart 350
Kyle Larson started on pole. Erik Jones had problems early as Martin Truex, Jr. led most of the first stage, but pitted allowing A.J. Allmendinger to win the stage. On the restart, Allmendinger blew an engine while Jamie McMurray went to the garage with low oil pressure. Denny Hamlin won the second stage by staying out while others pitted. Ryan Blaney had to make several stops to fix damage. Kevin Harvick had the lead late until he decided to pit in case of a late caution. Truex stayed out during green flag pit stops and won his third win of the season and second at Sonoma with a ten-second lead over Harvick.
Round 17: Overton's 400
Paul Menard started the race on pole. Clint Bowyer led early in the race before getting two speeding penalties on pit road. Aric Almirola won Stage 1 and led the most laps the race, but had to pit under green for a loose wheel. Kevin Harvick won Stage 2 of the race. Harvick would continue to lead until losing it to Kyle Busch during a round of pit stops under caution. Kyle Busch continued to lead in the closing laps as Kyle Larson was catching him. Larson caught up to Kyle Busch on the final lap and the two made contact twice, with Kyle Busch holding on to win the race with Larson finishing second.
Round 18: Coke Zero Sugar 400
Chase Elliott started on pole. Ricky Stenhouse Jr. dominated by winning both stages. In the second stage, Paul Menard got turned and into the grass. Brad Keselowski got turned around and collected Kurt Busch, Joey Logano, Ryan Blaney, Denny Hamlin, Elliott, and others. Kyle Busch got turned into William Byron and also involved Jamie McMurray. In the final stage, Kyle Larson got turned into Stenhouse. Jimmie Johnson was leading until he received a penalty on pit road. Stenhouse had a tire go down and spun, ending his chance of back-to-back wins. On the restart, Aric Almirola lost a wheel and crashed along with Michael McDowell and Johnson. In overtime, Kevin Harvick took the lead from Kasey Kahne, but Clint Bowyer spun and collected Harvick, Brendan Gaughan, and others. On the second restart of overtime, Erik Jones drove past Martin Truex Jr. to score his first career win and became the seventh different winner of the season.
Round 19: Quaker State 400
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole. Truex dominated by leading the most laps and winning both stages. Alex Bowman had a tire go down and got into the wall and J.J. Yeley lost an engine. Teammates Jamie McMurray and Kyle Larson suffered mechanical problems. Truex pulled away from a charging Ryan Blaney for his fourth win of the season and second straight at Kentucky.
Round 20: Foxwoods Resort Casino 301
Kurt Busch started on pole. The start of the race was delayed due to rain. Busch dominated the majority of the race. A.J. Allmendinger got into the wall, ending his day. Martin Truex, Jr. took the lead after the Competition Caution and won the first stage. Chase Elliott took the lead from Truex to win the second stage. Clint Bowyer got into the wall and went to the garage. Kyle Busch had the lead late, but Kevin Harvick moved Busch to take the lead and get his sixth win of the season and third at New Hampshire.
Round 21: Gander Outdoors 400
Kevin Harvick originally won the pole. Thirteen cars including Harvick failed post-qualifying inspection, disallowing their times and forcing them to start in the back, thus Daniel Suarez won the pole. Chase Elliott won the first stage while Harvick won the second stage. A few had tire problems including Kurt Busch, Joey Logano, and Brad Keselowski. Keselowski got into the wall, sending him to the garage. Darrell Wallace, Jr. lost his brakes and hit the wall hard at a high rate of speed, resulting in a red flag. On the restart, Aric Almirola spun after contact with Matt DiBenedetto, sending the race to overtime. Kyle Busch pulled away to hold off Daniel Suarez for his sixth win of the season and second at Pocono.
Round 22: Go Bowling at The Glen
Denny Hamlin started on pole. Aric Almirola got into the wall early and Joey Logano spun and went to the garage. Martin Truex Jr. won the first stage. Chase Elliott dominated the second half of the race and won the second stage. Ryan Newman spun and Jimmie Johnson spun after contact with A.J. Allmendinger. Martin Truex Jr. caught Elliott, but ran out of fuel, which allowed Chase Elliott to get his first career win and the 250th win for Hendrick Motorsports.
Round 23: Consumers Energy 400
Denny Hamlin started on pole for the second straight week. Erik Jones spun early and William Byron spun and got into the wall along with Martin Truex Jr. Kevin Harvick dominated and won both stages. Jones spun again and Stephen Tan ran over a battery and got into the wall and caught fire. Harvick took the lead from Jamie McMurray and held off Brad Keselowski for his seventh win of the season.
Round 24: Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race
Kyle Larson started on pole. Kyle Busch spun and caused a pile up on the frontstretch including Bubba Wallace. Paul Menard got into the wall while running up front as Ryan Blaney edged Kevin Harvick to win the first stage. Blaney, Joey Logano, Chase Elliott, Clint Bowyer, and others led up front. Logano won the second stage. Aric Almirola had mechanical prolems that sent him to the garage. Martin Truex Jr. spun and crashed along with J.J. Yeley after getting into Kyle Busch. Busch and Brad Keselowski had tires go down and both spun. Kurt Busch was able to take the lead from Clint Bowyer and held off Kyle Larson for his first win of the season and sixth at Bristol.
Round 25: Bojangles' Southern 500
Denny Hamlin started on pole. Jimmie Johnson had fuel pump problems, sending him to the garage. Kyle Larson dominated and won both stages and led the most laps. Clint Bowyer got into the back of Ryan Newman, who slowed down to go to pit road. William Byron had the engine blew, sending him to the garage. Brad Keselowski beat out Kyle Larson on pit road and pulled away from teammate Joey Logano for his first win of the season.
Round 26: Big Machine Vodka 400 at the Brickyard
Kyle Busch started on pole after qualifying was cancelled due to rain. The race was postponed from Sunday to Monday due to rain. The race had two competition cautions at the beginning due to the rain. Martin Truex Jr. was sent to the garage early after a rotor exploded causing front end damage to the car. Clint Bowyer was able to win the first stage. Bubba Wallace spun and collided with David Starr. AJ Allmendinger and Alex Bowman both wrecked off turn two. Matt Kenseth was able to win the second stage. In the final stage Clint Bowyer dominated and Denny Hamlin was able to grab the lead after the final round of green-flag pit stop cycled through and was heading to the win until Landon Cassill wrecked along with Jeffrey Earnhardt. On the restart, Brad Keselowski, who had fresher tires, was able to take the lead from Hamlin and hold off Erik Jones for his second straight win and the first Brickyard 400 victory for Roger Penske and the first Brickyard win for Ford since 1999. Kyle Busch went on to capture the Regular-Season Championship over Kevin Harvick and the final two playoff spots went to Jimmie Johnson and Alex Bowman.
Round 27: South Point 400
Erik Jones started on pole. Kyle Larson had to make an unscheduled pit stop early for a flat right front tire. Martin Truex, Jr. would grab the first stage. In the second stage, Kevin Harvick blew a tire and slammed the wall in turn 1 collecting polesitter Jones in the process. Brad Keselowski would win the second stage. The final stage had a number of wrecks that puts some playoff drivers in jeopardy, with Jamie McMurray wrecked in turn three hard collecting Chase Elliott as well. Kyle Busch later spun in turn four as well as Denny Hamlin later on in the same spot, but would suffer splitter damage ending his day. A late race restart caused Jimmie Johnson, Alex Bowman, and Kurt Busch to suffer tire rubs after contact in the back-straightaway. Joey Logano hit the wall late in turn two to bring out a caution with just a few laps remaining for an overtime restart. Keselowski would have great restart, but a multi-car wreck in turn four involving Michael McDowell, Kurt Busch, Matt DiBenedetto, and David Ragan, forcing another attempt. On the second attempt, Keselowski would go on to win the race over Larson to advance to the second round for his third win in a row as well as Team Penske's 500th win overall.
Round 28: Federated Auto Parts 400
Kevin Harvick started on pole. Denny Hamlin was spun by Ricky Stenhouse Jr., but was able to save it. Martin Truex Jr. dominated and won both stages, but an uncontrolled tire sent him to the back of the field. Matt Kenseth and Jeffrey Earnhardt go into each other, which sent Earnhardt in the wall. Kyle Busch was able to take the lead from Brad Keselowski and held off Harvick to advance to the next round of the playoffs for his seventh win of the season and his 50th career win overall.
Round 29: Bank of America Roval 400
Kurt Busch started on pole. Kyle Larson won stage one while Ryan Blaney won the second stage. Austin Dillon slammed the wall twice and got sent to the garage to end his playoff hopes. Aric Almirola and Chris Buescher spun and Ricky Stenhouse Jr. slammed the wall. At the end, leader Brad Keselowski lost control of his car on a restart and crashed into the wall along with Larson, Paul Menard, Kyle Busch, Daniel Hemric, Bubba Wallace, and others. Martin Truex Jr. and Jimmie Johnson were racing for the win until Johnson spun in the chicane and collected Truex. Ryan Blaney snuck through to win over Jamie McMurray for his second career win and advance in the playoffs. Dillon, Denny Hamlin, Erik Jones, and Johnson were eliminated.
Round 30: Gander Outdoors 400
Kyle Busch started on pole after qualifying was rained out. Jimmie Johnson had to go to the garage before the race and eventually returned to the race several laps down. Kevin Harvick took the lead and dominated, leading 286 laps and winning both stages. Harvick had trouble on pit road and fell back. Aric Almirola was heading to the win, but Clint Bowyer got into the wall. Almirola wrecked on the restart along with Brad Keselowski, Alex Bowman, Ryan Blaney, and Martin Truex Jr. In overtime, Chase Elliott held off Denny Hamlin to advance to the next round with his second win of the year and the second of his career.
Round 31: 1000Bulbs.com 500
Kurt Busch started on pole with all Stewart-Haas Racing drivers starting first through fourth. SHR dominated the race with Busch leading the most laps and winning stage one. Jimmie Johnson spun and hit the wall and Kyle Larson had a tire go down and spun. Kevin Harvick won the second stage. Jamie McMurray spun and got stuck in the grass. Late in the race, Alex Bowman got into the wall and collected J.J. Yeley and William Byron, which sent the race to overtime. Harvick, Ryan Blaney, and Brad Keselowski ran out of fuel before the restart. Matt DiBenedetto spun and collected several cars, but the race remained green. Kurt Busch ran out of fuel and it allowed teammate Aric Almirola to take the lead and hold off teammate Clint Bowyer to advance in the Round of 8 for his second career win and becoming the last SHR driver to win during the season.
Round 32: Hollywood Casino 400
Joey Logano started on pole. Daniel Suárez got into the wall as Bubba Wallace had a tire go down and William Byron suffered a blown engine with Logano winning the first stage. Kevin Harvick won the second stage and was leading when he got a speeding penalty on pit road. Chase Elliott was able to hold off Kyle Busch for his third win and his second in the "Round of 12". Brad Keselowski, Ryan Blaney, Kyle Larson, and Alex Bowman were eliminated from the Playoffs.
Round 33: First Data 500
Kyle Busch started on pole. Jimmie Johnson spun after contact with Erik Jones as Denny Hamlin won the first stage. Joey Logano dominated the race and won the second stage. William Byron was spun on pit road after contact with Clint Bowyer. Kyle Larson had the engine blow and Timmy Hill had an electrical fire. Clint Bowyer made contact with Johnson and spun. Martin Truex Jr. took the lead from Logano, but Logano was able to pull the bump-and-run on Truex and held off Hamlin for his second win of the season and clinched a spot in the "Championship 4."
Round 34: AAA Texas 500
Ryan Blaney started on pole. William Byron spun after contact with teammate Jimmie Johnson. Kevin Harvick dominated by leading the most laps and winning both stages. Matt DiBenedetto made contact with Martin Truex Jr. and got into the wall. Joey Gase spun and collected Daniel Suarez, sending the race into overtime. Harvick held off Blaney to lock into the "Championship 4" for his eighth win of the season and second Playoff race at Texas. Due to an altered spoiler discovered post-race, Harvick had his win encumbered, was penalized 40 points, and was no longer locked into the Championship 4.
Round 35: Can-Am 500
Kevin Harvick started on pole. Harvick led all of the first stage until he had a flat tire and had to pit allowing Chase Elliott to win the first stage. Joey Logano had a tire go down and sent him to the garage. Clint Bowyer had a tire go down and got into the wall, ending his championship hopes. Ricky Stenhouse Jr. hit the wall and caught fire. Denny Hamlin got loose and collected Kurt Busch, Elliott, and others. Alex Bowman got into the wall and caught fire. Kyle Busch, who won the second stage, dominated the race and held off Brad Keselowski for his eighth win of the season and locking into the "Championship 4" along with Logano, Harvick, and Martin Truex Jr. while Elliott, Aric Almirola, Bowyer, and Kurt Busch were eliminated.
Round 36: Ford EcoBoost 400
Denny Hamlin started on pole. The Championship 4 dominated the race with Kevin Harvick winning the first stage. Kyle Larson won the second stage after passing Harvick at the line. Larson got into the wall after having a tire go down. Erik Jones and Chris Buescher both had flat tires, but got to pit road before a caution. Daniel Suarez got into the wall after contact with Brad Keselowski. Joey Logano, who led the most laps, took the lead from Martin Truex Jr. and pulled away from his third win of the season and winning the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Championship.
Results and standings
Race results
Drivers' Championship
(key) Bold – Pole position awarded by time. Italics – Pole position set by final practice results or owner's points. * – Most laps led. 1 – Stage 1 winner. 2 – Stage 2 winner. 3 – Stage 3 winner. 1–10 - Regular season top 10 finishers.
. – Eliminated after Round of 16
. – Eliminated after Round of 12
. – Eliminated after Round of 8
Notes
Manufacturers' championship
Contingency Awards
See also
2018 NASCAR Xfinity Series
2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
2018 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
2018 NASCAR Pinty's Series
2018 NASCAR PEAK Mexico Series
2018 NASCAR Whelen Euro Series
References
*
Category:NASCAR Cup Series seasons | {
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Jane Ansah
Justice Jane Mayemu Ansah, S.C. (born 11 October 1955) is the current chairperson of the Malawi Electoral Commission. She is a former Malawian Supreme Court Judge and was the first female Attorney General in Malawi. She is most known for her role as the head of the Malawi's Electoral Commission during the 2019 elections. Her role in this position sparked national protests both in support and in opposition to her role due to election irregularities. Protestors called for her to resign.
Work
She served as a High Court judge in December 1998. She then served as Attorney General of Malawi from 2006 to 2011. She was appointed as the Supreme Court of Appeals judge in 2011. She was appointed to Chairperson of the Malawi Electoral Commission in October of 2016 succeeding Justice Maxon Mbendera.
2019 Malawi elections
She was accused of mismanaging the 2019 Malawian general election which led to the Jane Ansah Must Fall campaign in which nation-wide anti-Jane Ansah protests calling for her resignation occurred in June and July 2019. A group of women (pro-Jane Ansah camp), led by Seodi White and Minister of Gender Mary Navicha argued that Ansah was a victim of sexism and gender discrimination. They staged a counter protests that were in solidarity of Jane Ansah and her role in the elections. Thousands of women marched in defense of her role in the elections, many wearing shirts written "I am Jane Ansah".
References
Category:Living people
Category:1955 births
Category:Malawian judges
Category:Malawian lawyers
Category:Malawian women lawyers
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Sainte-Radegonde, Gironde
Sainte-Radegonde is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Gironde department
References
INSEE
Category:Communes of Gironde | {
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Tuxenentulus
Tuxenentulus is a genus of proturans in the family Acerentomidae.
Species
Tuxenentulus boedvarssoni Nosek, 1981
Tuxenentulus jilinensis Yin, 1984
Tuxenentulus ohbai Imadaté, 1974
Tuxenentulus rockyensis Imadaté, 1981
Tuxenentulus wuluensis Chao & Chen, 1999
References
Category:Protura | {
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Prem Singh Brahma
Prem Singh Brahma (; 1952 – 2007) was the former leader of the Bodo Liberation Tigers Force and deputy chief from 1994 to 1996. He later renounced violence and joined the Congress party.
External links
Bodo leader Prem Singh Brahma dead Times of India - 17 April 2007
Category:1952 births
Category:2007 deaths
Category:People from Chirang district
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Fran Bradač
Fran Bradač (June 15, 1885 – May 2, 1970) was a Slovene classical philologist and translator.
Life and work
Bradač was born in Jama pri Dvoru. He studied classical philology in Vienna from 1905 to 1910, and then continued his education in Zagreb, where he received his doctorate in 1920, followed by further study in Prague and Berlin. He taught classical philology at the University of Ljubljana's Faculty of Arts from 1923 until 1945, when he was forced to retire by the new communist regime. Together with Josip Osana, he published the only grammar of Greek in Slovene to date. He also wrote a Greek textbook, compiled a dictionary of foreign vocabulary, and authored several dictionaries of Czech, Latin, and German. He translated a number of important Classical poems and comedies into Slovene, and he also translated material from modern languages, including Czech (Jaroslav Hašek and Karel Čapek) and German (Heinrich Mann, Erich Kästner, and others).
Bibliography
Slovar tujk (Dictionary of Foreign Vocabulary)
Slovensko-latinski slovar (Slovene-Latin Dictionary)
O goskici, ki se je učila peti (The Gosling That Learned to Sing), translation of a work by Karel Hroch
Izbrane pesmi rimskih lirikov Katula, Tibula in Propercija: tekst in komentar (Selected Poems from the Roman Lyrics of Catullus, Tibullus, and Propertius: Text and Commentary)
References
External links
Grave of Fran Bradač at Žale Cemetery
Category:1885 births
Category:1970 deaths
Category:Slovenian philologists
Category:Slovenian translators
Category:University of Ljubljana faculty
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The Ape (2005 film)
The Ape is a 2005 American comedy film directed by James Franco in his directorial debut. Franco also starred in, wrote, and served as executive producer of the film.
Premise
Human resources drone and put-upon family man Harry imagines he could be the next Dostoyevsky if he could just get a little peace and quiet. When he moves into his own apartment to craft his masterpiece, his solitude is broken by an unexpected roommate—a foul-mouthed, Hawaiian shirt-wearing gorilla (Brian Lally), eager to share his opinions on life, love, and animal magnetism.
Cast
James Franco as Harry Walker
Brian Lally as The Ape
Allison Bibicoff as Cathy
Stacey Miller as Beth
Vince Jolivette as Steve
Nori Jill Phillips as Judy
Danny Molina as Raoul
David Markey as Flies With Eagles
Release
The film was released in the United States on June 18, 2005
Critical response
Variety called the film "self-indulgent."
See also
2005 in film
References
External links
Category:2005 films
Category:American comedy films
Category:American films
Category:Films directed by James Franco
Category:Directorial debut films | {
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Amphinotus nymphula
Amphinotus nymphula is an insect species endemic to the Seychelles group of islands. It is a restricted range species with an area of occupancy ranging , bounded by a protected area. The primary habitat of this species is leaf litter and moss on trees in cloud forests. The species is threatened by habitat deterioration and its sensitivity to climate change. Females of the species are more often found close to the invasive plant Clidemia hirta compared to males. It is hypothesized that the invasive plant species has a negative effect on Tetrigidae as it changes the microclimate in the habitat by changing the habitat's structure and providing more shade. Possibly, the males of the species are more sensitive to any changes, as they are relatively more active than the females and may require more sunlight.
References
Category:Insects of Seychelles
Category:Tetrigidae | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Premolis semirufa
Premolis semirufa is a moth in the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1856. It is found in French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and Panama.
References
Category:Phaegopterina
Category:Moths described in 1856 | {
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Brunswick High School (Virginia)
Brunswick High School (BHS) is a public high school located in Lawrenceville, Virginia community in Brunswick County, Virginia. It is part of the Brunswick County School Division and opened in 1976. Athletic teams compete in the Virginia High School League's AA Southside District in Region I. According to U.S. News, Brunswick High School's student body makeup is 51 percent male and 49 percent female, and the total minority enrollment is 80 percent. Brunswick High is the only high school in the Brunswick Co Public Schools.
Enrollment History
External links
Brunswick High School
References
Category:Schools in Brunswick County, Virginia
Category:Public high schools in Virginia
Category:Educational institutions established in 1976
Category:1976 establishments in Virginia | {
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Love on My Mind (Freemasons song)
"Love on My Mind" is a song by British dance band Freemasons. It was released as the first single from their debut album Shakedown, which was not released until 2007, and features vocals from British singer Amanda Wilson. The song's melody and some of its lyrics sample the 1979 hit "This Time Baby" by Jackie Moore. Additionally, it includes the lyrics from the chorus of the Tina Turner song "When the Heartache Is Over".
Released as a single in August 2005, "Love on My Mind" peaked at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart and reached the top 40 in Flemish Belgium, Ireland and the Netherlands. It additionally charted at number 46 in Australia, where it was the third-most successful club hit of 2005, and at number two on the US Billboard Dance/Mix Show Airplay chart, becoming Freemasons' most successful single in the United States.
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
External links
Category:2005 debut singles
Category:Freemasons (band) songs
Category:Songs written by Graham Stack (record producer)
Category:Songs written by LeRoy Bell
Category:Ultra Music singles
Category:British house music songs
Category:English house music songs
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Christophe Grégoire
Christophe Grégoire (born 20 April 1980 in Liège) is a retired Belgian footballer and current manager.
Coaching career
After playing for RFCB Sprimont from 2011 to 2014, he retired and became the manager of the club. He was in charge until November 2016, where he was appointed manager of RFC Seraing. After a streak without any victories, Grégoire was fired on 8 December 2019.
References
External links
Profile at VI.nl
Belgium stats at Belgian FA
Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:Belgian footballers
Category:Belgian football managers
Category:Belgium international footballers
Category:Belgium under-21 international footballers
Category:RFC Liège players
Category:Royal Excel Mouscron players
Category:R.S.C. Anderlecht players
Category:K.A.A. Gent players
Category:Willem II (football club) players
Category:R. Charleroi S.C. players
Category:Belgian First Division A players
Category:Eredivisie players
Category:Belgian expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Category:Belgian expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Category:Sportspeople from Liège
Category:Walloon sportspeople
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Patrick Roth
Patrick Roth (born June 25, 1953 in Freiburg/Breisgau) is a German writer. He moved to the USA in his early twenties and lived there for many years. The author of more than a dozen books, he has won a number of literary prizes including the Rauriser Literaturpreis, the Hugo-Ball-Preis and the Literaturpreis der Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. His book Starlite Terrace was translated into English by Krishna Winston.
References
External links
Category:German male writers
Category:1953 births
Category:Living people | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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1934 Oregon gubernatorial election
The 1934 Oregon gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1934 to elect the governor of the U.S. state of Oregon. Democrat Charles H. Martin, who retired from the United States House of Representatives to run for governor, won a plurality over Republican Oregon State Senator Peter Zimmerman (who ran as an Independent), Republican nominee Joe E. Dunne, also a state senator, and several minor candidates.
Election results
References
Gubernatorial
1934
Oregon
Category:November 1934 events | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Brown Bears football
For information on all Brown University sports, see Brown Bears
The Brown Bears football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Brown University located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Ivy League. Brown's first football team was fielded in 1878. The Bears play their home games at the 20,000-seat Brown Stadium in Providence, Rhode Island. The team's head coach is James Perry, who was hired on December 3, 2018.
History
In the middle of the 1926 season, the “Iron Men” came into being when the same 11 players played against Yale for 60 minutes and a 7–0 win. The next week the same 11 players played without substitution against Dartmouth and won 10–0. Two weeks later the Iron Men played 58 minutes against Harvard, but in the last two minutes the substitutes came in to earn their letters. Brown won all its games that year until the Thanksgiving game against Colgate ended in a 10–10 tie. The famed “Iron Men” were Thurston Towle ’28, Paul Hodge ’28, Orland Smith ’27, Charles Considine ’28, Lou Farber ’29, Ed Kevorkian ’29, Hal Broda ’27, Al Cornsweet ’29, Dave Mishel ’27, Ed Lawrence ’28, and Roy Randall ’28. In the 1948 season, Brown fans were the originators of the popular "de-fense!" chant that spread to the NFL in the 1950s. Following the 1981 season, the Ivy League was reclassified to Division I-AA, today known as the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), Brown moved to Division I-AA play with the rest of the league. Brown has 607 wins, making them tied for 72nd all time in wins among division one football programs.
In 1997, Phil Estes began a twenty-one year tenure as Brown's head coach, resulting in three Ivy League championships. In 2018, after two consecutive winless seasons in the Ivy League, Estes announced that he would be stepping down.
Championships
The Bears have no national championships, though they do have one undefeated team, the 1926 team, also known as the Iron Men of 1926, finishing 9–0–1 (and winning all three of their Ivy League games), with a 10–10 tie with Colgate in the last game of the season.
Conference championships
The Bears have won the Ivy League title four times in their history. The Bears won their first Ivy League title in 1976, sharing it with Yale while finishing 8–1 on the season, clinching the title with a 28–17 victory over Columbia. In 1999, the Bears went 9–1 (the most victories since 1926, along with a record seven game winning streak), while beating Columbia 23–6 to share the Ivy League title with Yale. In 2005, the Bears finished 9–1, beating Columbia 52–21 in their final game in order to clinch their first ever outright Ivy League title and third overall. In 2008, the Bears finished 7–3 (while losing only one Ivy League game), beating Columbia 41–10 to clinch a share of the Ivy League title, their fourth over conference title and third in nine years.
Bowl games
Brown has made one bowl appearance, garnering a record of 0-1.
Rivalries
Rhode Island
Brown leads the series with Rhode Island 73–27–2.
College Football Hall of Famers
John Heisman (1887–1889, elected in 1954)
Tuss McLaughry (1926–1940, elected in 1962)
Fritz Pollard (1915–1916, elected in 1954)
Eddie N. Robinson (played 1892–1895; coached 1904–1907, 1910–1925, elected in 1955)
Wallace Wade (1914–1916, elected in 1955)
Notable former players
Zak DeOssie
James Develin
John Heisman
Steve Jordan
Bob Margarita
Sean Morey
Bill O'Brien
Joe Paterno
Fritz Pollard
George Pyne
Kyle Rowley
References
External links
*
Category:Sports clubs established in 1878
Category:1878 establishments in Rhode Island | {
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Social work with groups
Social work with groups represents a broad domain of direct social work practice (Garvin, Gutierrez & Galinskey, 2004). Social workers work with a variety of groups in all settings in which social work is practiced. While some have proposed that social work practice with groups reflects any and all groups within which social workers participate, other definitional parameters have been established (Garvin et al., 2004). Middleman and Wood (1990) have proposed that for practice to qualify as social work with groups four conditions must be met: the worker should focus attention on helping the group members become a system of mutual aid; the group worker must understand the role of the group process itself as the primary force responsible for individual and collective change; the group worker seeks to enhance group autonomy; the group worker helps the group members experience their groupness upon termination (Middleman & Wood, 1990). Middleman and Wood (1990) observe that social group work meets their criteria of social work with groups. They also point out that
"given our definition of work with groups, therapy can be the content and can be included also, contingent upon the way in which the group as a whole and groupness are used" in accord with the identified criteria (p. 11). As long as the criteria is met, structured group work "where the worker is the expert until his knowledge has been imparted to the group" could be regarded as social work with groups as well (Middleman & Wood, 1990, p. 11–12).
The group as the unit of social work practice
A common conceptualization of the small group drawn from the social work literature is as "a social system consisting of two or more persons who stand in status and role relationships with one another and possessing a set of norms or values which regulate the attitudes and behaviors of the individual members in matters of consequence to the group. A group is a statement of relationship among person. Therefore, social systems have structure and some degree of stability, interaction, reciprocity, interdependence and group bond. Open social systems do not exist in a vacuum; they are part of and transact with… their surroundings…." (Klein, 1972, pp.125-126). For Schwartz (1971), the group was most simply, "a collection of people who need each other in order to work on certain common tasks, in an agency hospitable to those tasks" (p. 7)
Evolution of social group work in the United States
Pre-1930s
Social group work and group psychotherapy have primarily developed along parallel paths. Where the roots of contemporary group psychotherapy are often traced to the group education classes of tuberculosis patients conducted by Joseph Pratt in 1906, the exact birth of social group work can not be easily identified (Kaiser, 1958; Schleidlinger, 2000; Wilson, 1976). Social group work approaches are rooted in the group activities of various social agencies that arose in the latter part of the 19th century and the early years of the 20th century. Social upheaval and new found demands as a result of post Civil War industrialization, migration and immigration created many individual and societal needs (Brown, 1991; Kaiser, 1958; Middleman, 1968; Reid, 1991; Schwartz, 1977; Wilson, 1976). Some of these needs were met through group work endeavors found in settlement houses as well as religious and charity organizations (Middleman, 1968; Wilson, 1976). Additionally group work could be found in the progressive education movement (Dewey, 1910), the play and recreation movement (Boyd, 1935), informal education, camping and youth service organizations invested in 'character building' (Alissi, 1980; Schwartz, 1977; Williamson, 1929; Wilson, 1976).
As Clara Kaiser (1958) has indicated there have been numerous philosophical and theoretical influences on the development of social group work. Chief amongst these influences are the ethics of Judeo-Christian religions; the settlement house movement's charitable and humanitarian efforts; theories eminent in progressive education, especially those of John Dewey (1910); sociological theories about the nature of the relationship between man and society, i.e. Mead (1934); the democratic ethic articulated by early social philosophers; the psychoanalytic theories of Rank and Freud; the practice wisdom, theory building, educational and research efforts of early social group workers (Alissi, 1980; Kaiser, 1958; Wilson, 1976). Early theoretical, research and practice efforts of Grace Coyle (1930, 1935, 1937, 1947, 1948), Wilber Newstetter (1935), and Neva Boyd (1935) paved the way for the advancement and development of social group work.
In the summer of 1934 Grace Coyle organized a two-week group work institute for forty YWCA and settlement house workers at Fletcher Farm, Vermont.
Grace Coyle presented an early theoretical framework for social group work articulating the need for a democratic value base (Coyle, 1935), identifying the role of the worker as a group builder (Coyle, 1937) and noting the benefits of 'esprit de corps' or group morale (Coyle, 1930). As the editor of several small group research compendiums Hare (1976) would later point out, "many of her insights about group process were ahead of her time" (p. 388).
The mid-thirties to the 1950s
Social group work was introduced to the social work profession when it made its debut at the National Conference for Social Work in 1935. At this conference, Newsletter (1935) introduced the concept of social group work to the social work profession and identified group work as a field, process and set of techniques. He described group work as an "educational process" concerned with "the development and social adjustment of an individual through voluntary group association" and "the use of this association as a means of furthering other socially desirable ends" (p. 291).
The period of time between the 1930s and the 1950s was one of growth and expansion for social group work (Alissi, 1980; Wilson, 1976). The economic despair of and varied psychosocial needs resultant of the Great Depression paved the way for greater affiliation between the social work profession and the field of group work (Alissi, 1980; Konopka, 1983; Wilson, 1976). The psychological needs of returning war veterans who served in World War II resulted in the more frequent application of social group work in psychiatric treatment (Konopka, 1983). During this period of time not only would the field of social group work debut at the National Conference for Social Work but additional advances would be made. Academic courses and research institutions were established; a professional organization was formed, The American Association of Social Work with Groups (AAGW); and a journal, The Group, was established. The first textbooks would appear as well, written by Harleigh Trecker (1948) and Gertrude Wilson and Gladys Ryland (1949).
The 1950s would usher in even greater affiliation of group work with the profession of social work (Alissi, 1980; Andrews, 2001). The merger of the AAGW with six other organizations to form the National Association of Social Work (NASW) in 1955 solidified the identification and integration of social group work with the social work profession (Alissi, 1980; Andrews, 2001). The impact of the merger was reflected in efforts at definitional shifts regarding group work.
In 1956 the NASW formed a group work section which issued a new definition that contrasted in focus with that proposed by the AAGW. The new definition dismissed the idea of group work with normal growth and development and instead saw group work as a "service to a group where the primary purpose is to help members improve social adjustment, and the secondary purpose is to help the group achieve objectives approved by society…the definition assumes that the members have adjustment problems" (Alissi, 1980, p. 24). Less than one fifth of the group work section agreed with this definition at the time (Alissi, 1980). The ensuing tensions regarding the defining parameters of social group work lead to a reconceptualization that included recognition that there existed different models to be used for different purposes (Hartford, 1964; Papell & Rothman, 1966).
The 1960s to the present
The 1960s and the 1970s saw the expansion of the social welfare state; the Vietnam War; the emergence of the war on poverty; the Woman's Rights Movement; the Black Power Movement; and the Lesbian and Gay Rights Movement (Balgopal & Vassil, 1983; Somers, 1976). The above social, intellectual and cultural factors influenced the social work profession including social group work (Balgopal & Vassil, 1983; Somers, 1976). With such a wide range of social and therapeutic needs there seemed to be an even greater appreciation of group work (Balgopal & Vassil, 1983; Hartford, 1964; Somers, 1976). Having expanded into differing practice settings, the purposes and goals of group work had been more broadly described at this juncture than in previous decades.
Group work scholars made great strides in developing practice theories. The work of Vinter and Schwartz and their respective associates would dominate the group work scene for much of this decade and the next (Galinsky & Schopler, 1974). In Vinter's approach (1967) the treatment group is thought of as a small social system "whose influences can be planfully guided to modify client behavior" (p. 4). In this approach the worker takes a central position in providing treatment, interventions are planned, group process is highly structured, and great emphasis is given to outcome evaluation and research (Vinter, 1967; Garvin, 1987; Galinsky & Schopler, 1974). Schwartz (1961) proposed his vision of the small group as an enterprise in mutual aid.
In 1965 Bernstein and colleagues introduced another social group work practice theory (Bernstein, 1978; Lowy, 1978; Garland, Kolodney & Jones, 1978). The centerpiece of the edited collection was a developmental stage model, known as the Boston Model, which presented a framework for understanding how groups navigate degrees of emotional closeness over time (Bernstein, 1978; Garland, Kolodney & Jones, 1978). In 1966 Papell and Rothman (1966) presented a typology of social group work that included the social goals model (in the tradition of Coyle), the remedial model (as developed by Vinter) and the reciprocal model (as articulated by Schwartz). In 1968 Middleman (1968) made a seminal contribution in articulating an approach to group work practice that utilized non-verbal activities. In 1976 Roberts and presented a collection of ten group work practice theories (Roberts & , 1976) further illustrating the diversity of approaches to group practice.
As theory building proliferated there was a simultaneous effort to distill the essential elements of social group work. In 1980 Papell and Rothman wrote, "The process of distilling and identifying the central identity of group work in the contemporary period has already begun" (p.7. In adopting the phrase, the Mainstream Model of Social Work with Groups, Papell and Rothman conferred their agreement with Lang (1979) that there existed a "mainstream of social work practice with groups" (p. 209). Papell and Rothman suggested the essential characteristics of the mainstream model were "common goals, mutual aid, and non-synthetic experiences" (1980, p. 7).
The late seventies saw the reemergence of a professional journal, Social Work with Groups in 1978. Additionally, in 1978 social group workers formed a committee to host a symposium in honor of Grace Coyle which paved the way for an annual conference in subsequent years ( & Kurland, 2001). The conference planning committee was transformed into the membership driven organization, The Association for the Advancement of Social Work with Groups now an international organization (AASWG, 2006).
Contemporary group work practice continues to be informed by the work of early pioneers and the vanguards of the 1960s and 1970s. In addition to the Mutual Aid Model of social work with groups, the Cognitive-Behavioral Group Work Model is recognized as influential on contemporary group work practice (Rose, 2004). The approach suggested by Rose (1989, 2004) integrates cognitive and behavioral interventions with small group strategies. While primacy is not placed on establishing the group as a mutual aid system in quite the same way as with the Mutual Aid Model, Rose (2004) suggests the worker promote group discussion and member interaction. Furthermore, drawing upon Yalom's Therapeutic Factor construct Rose (2004) points out the benefits of universality, altruism, and group cohesion as well as mutual reinforcement, factors which are conceptually resonant with mutual aid.
Purpose
In 1964 the Committee on Practice of the Group Work Section of the National Association of Social Workers proposed that group work was applicable for the following purposes: corrective/treatment; prevention; normal social growth and development; personal enhancement; and citizenship indoctrination (Hartford, 1964). Common needs addressed by social work groups include coping with major life transitions; the need to acquire information or skills; the need to improve social relationships; and the need to cope with illness; and the need to cope with feelings of loss or loneliness; amongst other reasons (Gitterman & Shulman, 2005; & Kurland, 2001).
Guiding values
and Kurland (2001) identify the value system informing group work practice with "the ultimate value of social work" which they suggest is "that human beings have opportunities to realize their potential for living in ways that are both personally satisfying and socially desirable" (p. 15). Humanistic values guide social work practice with groups, inform worker role and use of self, and the understanding of membership in a social work group.
Humanistic values "cast people in society as responsible for and to one another" (Glassman & Kates, 1990, p. 13). The perspective espoused by several social work group work experts is that not only are people responsible for one another but that mutual interdependence is preferable to individualism (Falck, 1989; Getzel, 1978; Glassman & Kates, 1990; & Kurland, 2001; Schwartz, 1961; Shulman, 2006; Steinberg, 2004).
The following humanistic values have been highlighted by social work educators, such as Gisela Konopka, as integral to social work practice with groups: 1) "individuals are of inherent worth"; 2) "people are mutually responsible for each other; and 3) "people have the fundamental right to experience mental health brought about by social and political conditions that support their fulfillment" (Glassman & Kates, 1990, p. 14).
Democratic norms of group participation which flow from humanistic values are actively shaped by group workers as they promote cooperation and "fluid distribution of position, power and resources" (Glassman & Kates, 1990, p. 14).
Primary rationale for group services in social work
Opportunities for mutual aid to be found in the group encounter offer the major rationale for the provision of group services by social workers. Gitterman (2006), a social work educator and group work scholar has elaborated on the role of mutual aid in the small group noting that "as members become involved with one another, they develop helping relationships and become invested in each other and in participating in the group" (p. 93). The mutual aid processes that unfold help group members "to experience their concerns and life issues as universal," to "reduce isolation and stigma," to "offer and receive help from each other," and to "learn from each other's views, suggestions and challenges" (Gitterman, 2006, p. 93).
Not only do group services offer opportunities for social support as Toseland and Siporin (1986) explain "there is also an important helper therapy principle that operates in groups" (p. 172). Toseland and Siporin (1986) elaborate: "clients are able to help others and in so doing receive help for themselves" (p. 172).
Mutual aid
Mutual aid as group work technology can be understood as an exchange of help wherein the group member is both the provider as well as the recipient of help in service of achieving common group and individual goals (Borkman, 1999; Gitterman, 2006; Lieberman, 1983; & Kurland, 2001; Schwartz, 1961; Shulman, 2006, Steinberg, 2004; Toseland & Siporin, 1986). The rationale for cultivating mutual aid in the group encounter is premised on mutual aid's resonance with humanistic values and the following propositions: 1) members have strengths, opinions, perspectives, information, and experiences that can be drawn upon to help others in the group; 2) helping others helps the helper, a concept known as the helper-therapy principle (Reissman, 1965) which has been empirically validated (Roberts et al., 1999); and 3) some types of help, such as confrontation, are better received when emanating from a peer rather than the worker (Shulman, 2006).
Mutual aid is often erroneously understood as simply the exchange of support. Mutual aid is better conceptualized as multidimensional with at least 10 types of processes or activities that occur amongst and between members, including: sharing data, the dialectic process, discussion of taboo topics, the all in the same boat phenomenon, developing a universal perspective, mutual support, mutual demand (including confrontation), rehearsal of new skills, individual problem solving, and the strengths in numbers phenomenon (Gitterman, 2004; Shulman, 2006; Steinberg, 2004).
Practice models
The mutual aid model
The Mutual Aid Model of group work practice (Gitterman, 2004) has its roots in the practice theory proposed by William Schwartz (1961) which was introduced in the article, "The Social Worker in the Group". Schwartz (1961) envisioned the group as an"enterprise in mutual aid, an alliance of individuals who need each other in varying degrees, to work on certain common problems" (p.266). Schwartz elaborated: "the fact is that this is a helping system in which clients need each other as well as the worker. This need to use each other, to create not one but many helping relationships, is a vital ingredient of the group process and constitutes a need over and above the specific tasks for which the group was formed" (1961, p. 266).
While referred to as social group work (Papell & Rothman,1966), Schwartz preferred to think of this model as social work with groups (Schwartz, 1976). Schwartz (1976) regarded this approach as resonant with the demands of a variety of group types including, natural and formed; therapeutic and task; open and closed; and voluntary and mandatory. Schwartz (1961, 1964) initially thought of this approach as an organic systems model (as he viewed the group as an organic whole) later to refer to it as the mediating model and then the interactionist model (Schwartz, 1977). The model initially proposed by Schwartz has been further developed most notably by Lawrence Shulman and Alex Gitterman, who have since referred to this model as the Mutual Aid Model (Gitterman, 2004, 2005; Shulman, 1979, 1992, 1999, 2005b).
Cognitive-behavioral group work
The Cognitive-Behavioral Group Work Model is recognized as influential contemporary group work practice approach (Rose, 2004). The approach suggested by Rose (1989, 2004) integrates cognitive and behavioral interventions with small group strategies. While primacy is not placed on establishing the group as a mutual aid system in quite the same way as with the Mutual Aid Model, Rose (2004) suggests the worker promote group discussion and member interaction. Furthermore, drawing upon Yalom's Therapeutic Factor construct Rose (2004) points out the benefits of universality, altruism, and group cohesion as well as mutual reinforcement, factors which are conceptually resonant with mutual aid.
Special considerations
Group work with mandated members
The involuntary client can be understood as someone who is pressured by some external source to seek social services (Rooney and Chovanec, 2004). Mandated involuntary clients are pressured to seek services as a result of the legal system (Rooney & Chovanec, 2004). Rooney and Chovanec (2004) identify reactance theory as an explanatory framework for the attitude and behaviors of the involuntary client and the mandated involuntary client. Reactance theory suggests that as a person is pressured to relinquish certain behaviors as a result of treatment efforts they experience reactance, "a motivational drive to restore those free behaviors" (Rooney & Chovanec, 2004, p. 213). Rooney and Chovanec (2004) suggest an approach that draws upon the Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model and Motivational Interviewing in identifying strategies for engaging involuntary clients in the group process. Tom Caplan (2008) suggests the Needs ABC Model.
Behroozi (1992) has noted tensions between the concept of working with mandated clients and professional ethics, such as the belief in fostering self-determination. The chief concern is whether or not "involuntary applicants" are in fact "clients", as to become a client of a professional social worker requires "mutual agreement" (Behroozi, 1992, p. 224). In social work practice, the primary task given this issue is to help the applicant "transform to clienthood" (Behroozi, 1992, p. 224). In the absence of this transformation, the mandated "client" is likely to be superficially compliant and deny they have any problems warranting social work attention (Behroozi, 1992; Breton, 1993; Milgram & Rubin, 1992).
Open-ended groups
Most conceptualizations of group development are predicated on the belief that the group is closed, with unchanging membership (Schopler & Galinsky, 1990). The findings of an exploratory study conducted by Schopler and Galinsky (1990) concluded that movement beyond beginnings is possible. However, the impact of open membership is likely to result in a more cyclical pattern of group development with regression occurring when members enter and/or leave the group (Schopler & Galinsky, 1990).
As a concept, open-endedness exists along a continuum dependent upon the duration of the group (Gitterman, 1989; Schopler and Galinsky, 1995a; Shulman, 2006). When membership is open but the group is of a long duration a core group of members is likely to emerge (Schopler and Galinsky, 1995a; Shulman, 1999, 2006). When this occurs the core group assumes responsibilities for indoctrinating new members (Gitterman, 1989; Schopler & Galinsky, 1995a; Shulman, 1999).
See also
Social group work
References
Social Work Practice by Veronica Coulshed
External links
International Association for Social Work with Groups
Mutual Aid Based Group Work.com
Groupwork Journal
Riding the Mutual Aid Bus and Other Adventures in Group Work
Category:Social work | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Kaweweta
Kaweweta is a settlement in Nakaseke District of the Central Region of Uganda.
Location
Kaweweta is located in Ngoma sub-county, Nakaseke District, approximately northwest of Luweero, in Luweero District, the nearest large town. This is northeast of Butalangu, the location of Nakaseke District headquarters and about , by road, northwest of Kampala, the capital and largest city in Uganda. The coordinates of Kaweweta are: 01°14'45.0"N, 32°10'46.0"E (Latitude:1.245833; Longitude:32.179444).
Overview
Kaweweta is the location of the "Oliver Tambo School of Leadership", an installation of the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF). Established in 1989 to house freedom fighters (Umkonto we Sizwe) of the African National Congress (ANC), the installation, over the years turned into a training camp for both the ANC from South Africa and the National Resistance Army (NRA) from Uganda. By 1994, it housed 3,000 South African soldiers, of whom 14 died of natural causes and are buried at Kaweweta.
During the 2000s, the present-day school was constructed at a cost of US$4.5 million, with South Africa contributing US$3 million (about USh6 billion) and Uganda providing US$1.5 million (about USh3 billion) for the construction. The school consists of 13 buildings, a water supply system, an electricity supply network that runs on solar energy and diesel generator power, a hospital, staff houses, an administration block and a hall which can hold up to 600 people. This school, which is expected to be a regional ideological and leadership institution officially opened in March 2010.
The second military installation in Kaweweta is the "Samora Machel UPDF Special Forces School", which opened in 2016. The infrastructure was erected by the Special Forces Command engineers led by Major Emmanuel Odongo and Lieutenant Chabo.
See also
List of cities and towns in Uganda
List of roads in Uganda
References
External links
Category:Nakaseke District
Category:Populated places in Uganda
Category:Central Region, Uganda | {
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Ceuthelea
Ceuthelea is a monotypic snout moth genus described by Boris Balinsky in 1994. Its single species, Ceuthelea umtalensis, described in the same publication, is found in South Africa.
References
Category:Phycitinae
Category:Monotypic moth genera
Category:Moths of Africa
Category:Pyralidae genera | {
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Middleton bus station
Middleton bus station is a bus station located in the town of Middleton in Greater Manchester. The bus station is found next to the Middleton Arndale shopping centre on the site of the old bus station. The new bus station was opened in 2005 and is run by TfGM.
There are thirteen stands in the bus station, A to N, with some of the stands operating a drive-in/reverse out system with the others operating a drive-through system. There are two entrances into the bus station, one from Park Road/Manchester New Road junction, and the other from Middleton Way from a dedicated bus lane. There is only one exit from the bus station, onto Middleton Way, with priority signals being used to allow buses to rejoin the main carriageway.
Services
There are a number of services that use Middleton bus station. The majority of services are run by First Greater Manchester and Stagecoach Manchester with the remaining services operated by Manchester Community Transport, M Travel and Stotts. Rosso also provide some school bus services that call at Middleton bus station, while Rosso also provide a seasonal service to Blackpool and Fleetwood.
There are frequent buses running to Manchester, Oldham, Rochdale and Bury and parts of the Middleton area including Alkrington, Boarshaw, Hollin, Langley, Moorclose, Moston and Rhodes. Buses also run from Middleton to Ashton-under-Lyne.
References
External links
TfGM - Middleton Bus Station layout PDF
Category:Bus stations in Greater Manchester
Category:Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale
Category:Middleton, Greater Manchester | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Boreocingula globulus
Boreocingula globulus is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.
Distribution
Description
The maximum recorded shell length is 3.5 mm.
Habitat
Minimum recorded depth is 10 m. Maximum recorded depth is 450 m.
References
Category:Rissoidae
Category:Gastropods described in 1842 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Stan Lloyd
Stan Lloyd may refer to:
Stan Lloyd (Australian footballer) (1911–1987), Australian rules footballer
Stan Lloyd (English footballer) (1924–2011), English football winger
Stan Lloyd (politician) (1889–1967), Australian politician | {
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Tuchaqaz
Tuchaqaz (, also Romanized as Tūcheqāz and Tūcheqāz; also known as Tūcheghāz and Tūcheh Ghāz) is a village in Haram Rud-e Olya Rural District, in the Central District of Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,090, in 573 families.
References
The best quality cucumbers in Iran
Category:Populated places in Malayer County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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1955–56 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1955–56 season was Stoke City's 49th season in the Football League and the 16th in the Second Division.
It was a season of what might have been for Stoke as they often looked capable of challenging for promotion but then played badly the next match. In the end Stoke had to settle for a final position of 13th after picking up a modest 44 points in what was a frustrating season.
Season review
League
Manager Frank Taylor now backed by his namesake Mr G. Taylor made only minor adjustments to his squad for the start of the 1955–56 season. However, after a decent start to the season with Stoke looking capable of challenging for promotion the Stoke board showed their ambition. In November Stoke made an ambitious approach for Blackpool legend Stan Mortensen and it seemed that Stoke had signed a forward with some reasonable credentials, however much to the disappointment of the board Mortensen instead joined Hull City. So Stoke instead went and paid £11,000 to Lincoln City for their prolific forward Andy Graver. However, despite the new arrival being met by approval by the fans Graver would have an unsuccessful spell at the Victoria Ground.
It was a season of what might have been as Stoke failed to impress after their good start, and slid down the table finally ending up in a rather poor position of 13th. They were often found wanting and their home form was very poor, a 3–2 win against Liverpool was the best of the season in what was a 'thrilling' contest.
FA Cup
Stoke beat Exeter City (3–0) and Leicester City (2–1) both in replays before losing 2–1 at Newcastle United in the fifth round.
Final league table
Key: P = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; GA = Goal average; Pts = Points
Results
Stoke's score comes first
Legend
Football League Second Division
FA Cup
Squad statistics
References
Category:Stoke City F.C. seasons
Stoke | {
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Macrocleptes
Macrocleptes is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
Macrocleptes caledonicus Breuning, 1947
Macrocleptes tuberculipennis Breuning, 1978
References
Category:Parmenini | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Uniformed Services Former Spouses' Protection Act
The Uniformed Services Former Spouses' Protection Act (or USFSPA) is a U.S. federal law enacted on September 8, 1982 to address issues that arise when a member of the military divorces, and primarily concerns jointly-earned marital property consisting of benefits earned during marriage and while one of the spouses (or both) is a military service member. The divisibility of U.S. military retirement payments in divorce proceedings has had a turbulent legislative and legal history, and the USFSPA has not closely tracked its civilian cousin enacted in 1975, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), although they are similar in some respects with regard to public policy aims.
Types of post-service pay at issue
Military retirees fall into two general categories: those retired for disabilities and those retired for length of service. Members of the U.S. military who serve honorably for a specified period, generally at least 20 years, are entitled to retire and to receive retirement pay. Military veterans are entitled to compensation for service-connected disabilities, a benefit generally called VA disability, with some exceptions. Some service members may be entitled to a different benefit called combat-related special compensation (CRSC) because of disability caused either by direct engagement in an armed conflict or through an instrumentality of war, such as exposure to Agent Orange. In general, eligible service members must elect either retirement pay, or any disability benefit awarded for a service-connected disability, or choose a CRSC benefit alone, but they may not receive all three, however, some veterans may qualify to receive both retirement pay and a disability benefit.
Disposable retired pay is a measure of post-service pay defined as the gross retired pay less (A) any prior military retirement overpayments and recoupments required by law, (B) any court-martial forfeitures, (C) retirement pay waived in order to receive disability payments from the VA, and (D) the premium costs paid for a spouse, or former spouse pursuant to court order, as a designated survivor under the Survivor Benefit Plan.
Former spouses can receive their marital share of the retirement benefit directly from the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) rather than from the ex-spouse, but to do so must have at least 10 years of marriage to the service member which overlaps the military service. The Department of Defense Financial Management (DoDFM) Regulation section 7000.14-R entitled Former Spouse Payments from Retired Pay sets forth all of the requirements for former spouses to receive direct payment from DFAS.
Prior history
Military retirement pay has been characterized as both property and as reduced pay for reduced services, and therefore has been a relevant issue in divorce actions for military retirees. Before the enactment of the USFSPA, former spouses had no statutory right to receive a portion of a member's military retired pay such as they would under later revisions of ERISA; for example, in the 1981 McCarty case, the U.S. Supreme Court determined there was total preemption of any such right concerning federal military retirement benefits. The interval between the McCarty decision and the enactment of the USFSPA is known by some courts as the "McCarty period" or the "McCarty interval."
Enactment effect
The USFSPA was enacted in response to the McCarty decision, overturning it, and in the USFSPA the Congress authorized State courts to distribute, with certain limitations, disposable retired pay in a divorce proceeding. The USFSPA specifically allows State courts to treat military retired pay either as the marital property of both the member and spouse (the marital community in community property States) and to allocate it accordingly, or as the property solely of the member, depending upon all the facts and circumstances.
Post-enactment application
Subsequent to the enactment of the USFSPA, State courts grappled with issues raised by its application in marital dissolution proceedings, such as whether the USFSPA may be applied retroactively to divorce decrees that were final and were not appealed after the Supreme Court decision in McCarty and before enactment of the USFSPA, i.e., during the McCarty interval.
The DoDFM regulations implement the USFSPA, and the purpose of the 2009 DoDFM Regulation 7000.14-R is to explain to former spouses how to apply for payments from military retired pay.
Retirement pay waiver for disability benefits
The statute 38 U.S.C. § 3101(a) protects recipients of disability benefits from the claims of creditors and is designed to provide security to the recipient's family and dependents, while 38 U.S.C. § 1310 provides for Dependency and Indemnity Compensation ("DIC") benefits to a surviving spouse. The definition of a former spouse under 10 U.S.C. § 1447(10) is different from the definition of a surviving spouse under 38 U.S.C. § 101(3), notwithstanding any abused spouse issues related to a divorce.
In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court addressed rights under the USFSPA in the Mansell case and further limited the authority of State courts to assign spousal rights to military retirement pay. In Mansell, the court ruled that the USFSPA does not grant State courts the power to treat, as property divisible upon divorce, military retirement pay which has been waived in order to receive VA disability benefits. In other words, a State court is prohibited from distributing in a divorce action disposable retired pay which constitutes that portion of retired pay that has been waived by the retiree under 38 USC § 5305 in favor of receiving VA disability benefits.
The statute 38 USC § 5305 provides specific rules to follow in order to establish that the military retiree's receipt of VA disability payments resulted from a valid waiver of retirement pay contemplated by the statute. State courts have held, since the Mansell decision, that a military retiree may not agree to pay a portion of their retirement pay as spousal support (alimony) or as a division of marital interests, but then elect, post-judgment, to receive disability pay in an attempt to avoid the obligation to the former spouse, and a State court may order indemnity payments from a retiree who waives retired pay to receive VA disability benefits after a decree of divorce has issued.
This is Theft by one party of another The Service Member has a DD Form 4 and DD Form 214 for service? If this is so great why is ther eno a USFCSPA - United States Congressional Spouse Protection Act Taking the retirement of Congress? or any other Federal Service agency?
Tax treatment
The federal Tax Court has noted that there is no law which excludes military retired pay from income, and ruled in 2012 that the purpose of the USFSPA is not to address the tax treatment of military benefits, but rather to permit Federal, State, and certain other courts to consider military retired pay when fixing property rights between parties to a divorce, dissolution, annulment, or legal separation. Retirees whose former spouses receive a shared portion of the retirement pay do not pay income tax on that portion of retirement pay that is transferred to the former spouse, but the share transferred to the former spouse is taxable to the former spouse. In general, States may not tax retirement pay of military retirees if they do not tax the benefits received by retired State and local government employees.
See also
Military divorce
Qualified domestic relations order
United States Code sections:
Title 10, Armed Forces,
Title 29, Labor,
Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services, and
Title 38, Veterans' Benefits
References
Category:Divorce in the United States
Category:United States federal defense and national security legislation
Category:Veterans' affairs in the United States
Category:97th United States Congress
Category:Retirement in the United States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Carl Fredrik Bunæs
Carl Fredrik Bunæs (born October 16, 1939) is a Norwegian sprint runner. He was born in Drammen. He competed in 100 metres and 200 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, reaching the quarter finals in both events.
References
Category:1939 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Drammen
Category:Norwegian male sprinters
Category:Olympic athletes of Norway
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Chan Chan (song)
"Chan Chan" is a 1984 son composition by Cuban trovador Compay Segundo. It was first recorded in 1985 by Compay Segundo's own group. In 1987, he approached Eliades Ochoa, who agreed to record a version with the Cuarteto Patria. However, EGREM did not release these recordings until the second half of the 1990s. In November 1995, Compay recorded a new version in Madrid for his Antología, released on CD the following year. In March 1996, Compay Segundo, Eliades Ochoa and other veteran Cuban musicians recorded a new version of the song as part of the Buena Vista Social Club project. The song became the opening track of their eponymous album and the group's signature song, thereby achieving international fame.
Lyrics and composition
The song was written in 1984 by Compay Segundo, who first "dreamt" the opening melody in his sleep and later wrote the lyrics. On the composition of the song, Compay Segundo said:
Lyrically, the song is set on the beach and revolves around two central characters called Juanica and Chan Chan. The most complete explanation says: 'The song relates the story of a man and a woman (Chan Chan and Juanica) who are building a house, and go to the beach to get some sand. Chan Chan collects the sand and puts it on the jibe (a sieve for sand). Juanica shakes it, and to do so she shakes herself, making Chan Chan embarrassed. [...] The origin of this tale is a farmer song learnt by Compay Segundo when he was twelve years old.'
The most recognizable part of the song is its chorus, whose lyrics are as follows:
The four mentioned locations (Alto Cedro, Marcané, Cueto and Mayarí) are towns near each other in the Holguín Province on the east side of Cuba. It is a common practice in son cubano to mention Cuban toponyms, as in the 1952 standard "Alto Songo".
Recordings
According to Compay himself, the first performance of the song took place the club Cristino, sometime in the mid-1980s. According to the EGREM archives, the first recording of the song was made in 1985 at the EGREM studios (Areito), Havana, by Compay Segundo and his group. EGREM did not issue this recording (or the rest of the session) on CD until 1996.
In 1987, he approached Eliades Ochoa, who agreed to record a version with the Cuarteto Patria, along with other older songs by Compay, who needed new recordings to be able to claim royalties. The songs were recorded in 1989 at the EGREM studios (Siboney), Santiago de Cuba, for the album Chanchaneando, who was released on CD years later. Compay Segundo and the Cuarteto Patria, with Eliades Ochoa on lead vocals and guitar, would often play the song at the Casa de la Trova in Santiago, where the song began to gain popularity among trova fans.
In 1992, Compay recorded "Chan Chan" with Pablo Milanés for his Años Vol. III album. In 1994, Compay and his group travelled to Spain for the Primer Encuentro entre el Son y el Flamenco, bringing "Chan Chan" with them, and later in November 1995, Compay recorded a new version in Madrid for his Antología, released on CD the following year.
In March 1996, Compay Segundo, Eliades Ochoa and other veteran Cuban musicians recorded a new version of the song as part of the Buena Vista Social Club project. The song became the opening track of their eponymous album (released in September 1997) and the group's signature song, thereby achieving international fame.
See also
{{Listen
|filename=Chan Chan.ogg
|title=Buena Vista Social Club "Chan Chan" (1997)
|description=30 second sample from Buena Vista Social Club'''s "Chan Chan".
|format=Ogg}}
Buena Vista Social Club
Buena Vista Social Club (album)
References
Cooder, Ry (July 17, 2003). "Life began at ninety". The Guardian. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
PBS notes on Chan Chan
PBS Interview with Compay Segundo
La Jiribilla: Con Chan Chan en el corazón
El Camaleón: Chan Chan
Cuba Music: Chan Chan
García, José Manuel (2014). El Eliades que soy''. Havana, Cuba: Artex. 55 min.
External links
Category:Cuban songs
Category:Buena Vista Social Club
Category:Sones cubanos
Category:1987 songs
Category:1996 singles
Category:Mayarí | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ytteren Church
Ytteren Church () is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Ytteren, a northern suburb of the town of Mo i Rana. It is the main church for the Nord-Rana parish which is part of the Indre Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The brick church was built in a long church style in 1977 by the architect Nils Toft. The church seats about 500 people.
Media gallery
See also
List of churches in Nordland
References
Category:Rana, Norway
Category:Churches in Nordland
Category:20th-century Church of Norway church buildings
Category:Churches completed in 1977
Category:1977 establishments in Norway | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
List of Romanian films of 1993
A list of Romanian films released in 1993.
1993
External links
1993
Romanian | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
First Direct
First Direct (styled first direct) is a telephone and internet based retail bank in the United Kingdom, a division of HSBC Bank plc. First Direct has headquarters in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, and has 1.35 million customers. It used to maintain a reputation for superior customer service, awarded Most Trusted Financial Provider by Moneywise, first place in the customer service survey for Which? of August 2015.
First Direct has two call centres, in Stourton (Leeds) and Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The Leeds call centre is the main site of the bank, housing all the major departments and being the base for First Direct's head Joe Gordon, and the Hamilton call centre shares space with HSBC Direct banking.
History
First Direct was formed on 1 October 1989 by Midland Bank, one of the 'big four' banks in the United Kingdom. It became a part of HSBC in June 1992, when that business acquired Midland Bank. First Direct took its first call on 12.01am on 1 October 1989; more than 1,000 calls were taken within the first twenty four hours.
The launch of First Direct in 1989 was advertised twofold. Firstly, there was an advert for Audi which was interrupted by a broadcast purportedly back in time from 2010, celebrating the 21st anniversary of the company (the interruption was agreed with Audi beforehand).
Secondly, there were two different adverts running concurrently on ITV and Channel 4, one offering a negative view showing the aspects of normal banking and the other a positive view of First Direct, with the two crossing over at a key point.
By May 1991, the bank had 100,000 customers on its books, and by March 1993, it had 250,000. It first achieved break even in December 1994. In April 1995, the bank gained its 500,000th customer.
In May 1999, it launched text message (SMS) banking, a service through which the bank alerts customers by SMS if the balance on their current account goes below a certain amount, and, if set, will send weekly mini statements also by SMS. The bank began limited trials of internet banking in July 1997, launching the service fully in August 2000.
In July 2001, the bank's Offset Mortgage was launched. In January 2004, the bank launched First Directory, a service whereby additional services were added to current accounts such as free text message banking, annual travel insurance and mobile phone insurance for a fixed monthly charge.
In April 2004, the bank launched Internet Banking Plus, a service whereby account information was taken by third party internet banking from the bank's other accounts with different banks and the information was unified under First Direct's Internet Banking Plus service.
In October 2006, the bank launched a first generation mobile phone banking service in partnership with MONILINK, pre dating mobile apps. In February 2007, First Direct became the first bank in the United Kingdom to introduce a fee for basic financial transactions, fuelling concern for the future of fee free banking in the country for personal customers.
In May 2013, First Direct secured naming rights until 2018 for the new Leeds Arena, to be known as the First Direct Arena. In March 2017, it was announced that First Direct had extended its naming sponsorship of Leeds arena for a further five years.
In September 2016, First Direct introduced voice ID technology to verify customers' identities when calling into the bank, the first bank in the United Kingdom to introduce the technology on such a large scale. The following year saw the introduction of a new native mobile app, for both Apple and Android platforms.
In July 2018, First Direct transferred from being a division of HSBC Bank plc to a division of HSBC UK Bank plc, as part of the bank's ringfencing restructure.
References
External links
Category:Banks of the United Kingdom
Category:HSBC
Category:Companies based in Leeds
Category:South Lanarkshire
Category:Banks established in 1989
Category:Financial services companies established in 1989
Category:Online banks
Category:Financial services brands | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Kirkwood
Kirkwood may refer to:
Locations
Antarctica
Kirkwood Islands, string of islands near Antarctica
Kirkwood Range, massive coastal mountain chain in Antarctica
Mount Kirkwood, mountain in Antarctica
Canada
Kirkwood, New Brunswick, Canada
South Africa
Kirkwood, Eastern Cape, a town in South Africa
United Kingdom
Kirkwood, Coatbridge, a neighbourhood in Coatbridge, Scotland
Kirkwood Estate, East Ayrshire, in Scotland
United States
Kirkwood, California, in Alpine and Amador Counties in the state of California
Kirkwood, Glenn County, California, in Glenn County in the state of California
Kirkwood Mountain Resort, mountain resort in the state of California
Kirkwood, Delaware, in the state of Delaware
Kirkwood (Atlanta), in the city of Atlanta, in the state of Georgia
Kirkwood, Illinois, in the state of Illinois
Kirkwood, Kansas
Kirkwood, Missouri, in the state of Missouri
Kirkwood, New Jersey, in the state of New Jersey
Kirkwood, New York, in the state of New York
Kirkwood, Ohio, in the state of Ohio
Kirkwood Township, Belmont County, Ohio, one of 16 townships of Belmont County in the state of Ohio
Kirkwood, Pennsylvania, in the state of Pennsylvania
Kirkwood, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
Structures
Kirkwood (Eutaw, Alabama), historic house in Eutaw, in the US state of Alabama
Kirkwood Building, historic building (1920) in Kansas City, in the US state of Missouri
Kirkwood Community College, post-secondary public educational institution in Cedar Rapids, in the US state of Iowa
Kirkwood High School, secondary public school in Kirkwood, Missouri
Kirkwood Hospice, palliative-care facility in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire
Kirkwood Observatory, astronomical observatory near Bloomington, in the US state of Indiana
Kirkwood station (disambiguation), stations of the name
Hotel Kirkwood, historic structure in Des Moines, in the US state of Iowa
Joseph Kirkwood House, historic dwelling in Bridgeport, in the US state of Ohio
Other uses
Kirkwood (surname), a surname
Kirkwood Otey (1832-1897), soldier in the Confederate Army during the US Civil Way
Baron Kirkwood, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Kirkwood approximation, a mathematical superposition approximation introduced by Matsuda in 2000
Kirkwood City Council shooting, a 2008 tragedy in Kirkwood, Missouri
Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer, an aquifer in the US state of New Jersey
Kirkwood (crater), a crater on the far side of Earth's Moon
Kirkwood Formation, a geologic feature in South Africa
Kirkwood gap, an observed gap in the main asteroid belt
Kirkwood Mall, an enclosed shopping center in Bismarck, in the US state of North Dakota
Kirkwood Highway, part of Delaware Route 2 in the US state of Delaware
Kirkwood, a System on a chip by Marvell Technology Group used in plug computers
1578 Kirkwood, an asteroid that was discovered in 1951 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Spondylus ostreoides
Spondylus ostreoides is a species of spiny oyster. It was only found once, off Raoul Island in the South Pacific Ocean.
Description
The only known specimen of S. ostreoides was found in 1885 and is currently in the British Museum of Natural History; only the shell has been preserved. It is heavily worn, but appears to have commarginal rather than radial sculpture, a character not found in other members of the genus, and typical of true oysters or, within the Pectinoidea, the Entoliidae. The cemented valve length is 13.8 mm, upper valve length is 12.5 mm.
References
Category:Spondylidae | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Real Enemies
Real Enemies is an album by Darcy James Argue's Secret Society. It earned Argue and the Secret Society a Grammy Award nomination for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album.
Track listing
Personnel
Darcy James Argue – producer, liner notes
Jonathan Powell – flugelhorn
Matt Holman – flugelhorn
Nadje Noordhuis – flugelhorn
Ingrid Jensen – trumpet
Jacob Garchik – trombone
Mike Fahie – trombone
Ryan Keberle – trombone
Rob Wilkerson – alto saxophone
Dave Pietro – alto saxophone, piccolo
John Ellis – tenor saxophone
Sam Sadigursky – tenor saxophone, clarinet
Carl Maraghi – baritone saxophone
Adam Birnbaum – piano, electric piano
Matt Clohesy – bass
Sebastian Noelle – guitar
Alan Ferber – producer
James Urbaniak – engineer, narrator
Brian Montgomery – engineer, mixing, producer
Dustin Marshall – engineer
Alex Hendrickson – assistant engineer
Jack Mason – assistant engineer
Randy Merrill – mastering
References
Category:2016 albums
Category:Darcy James Argue albums | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Molesworth Street, Wellington
Molesworth Street is located at the north end of the central business district of Wellington, the capital city of New Zealand. Leading from the northern end of Lambton Quay, central Wellington's main street, it is a northbound one-way street linking the CBD with Tinakori Road, and through it, with main routes north out of the city. The street was named for Sir William Molesworth, 8th Baronet, a prominent member of the New Zealand Company. There is another Molesworth Street in the Wellington metropolitan area, located in the Lower Hutt suburb of Taita.
Many of New Zealand's main governmental and archival institutions are located on Molesworth Street, most notably New Zealand Parliament Buildings, which are located at the street's southern end. The iconic Beehive is a major landmark close to the street's junction with Lambton Quay and Bowen Street. The High Court is also located at the southern end of the building, directly opposite Parliament Buildings.
Other prominent buildings on or near Molesworth Street include the Court of Appeal, St Paul's Cathedral (Anglican), National Library of New Zealand, and Sacred Heart Cathedral (Catholic). Molesworth Street was also the site of New Zealand's first national cenotaph (this was later moved to the National War Memorial on Buckle Street, 2000 metres to the south).
As the centre of political activity in New Zealand, Molesworth Street has been the site of many important events in New Zealand's history, including a large number of political protests. Prominent among these protests were those against the 1981 South African rugby tour, where on 29 July 1981, for the first time in New Zealand, police batoned political protesters.
References
Category:Streets in Wellington City | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Max Streib
Max Streib (December 20, 1912 – November 1, 1989) was a Swiss field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the Swiss field handball team, which won the bronze medal. He played all five matches.
External links
profile
Category:1912 births
Category:Field handball players at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Switzerland
Category:Olympic handball players of Switzerland
Category:Swiss male handball players
Category:Year of death missing
Category:Olympic medalists in handball
Category:Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Leap Year Glacier
Leap Year Glacier () is a tributary glacier between Molar Massif and Mount Stirling in the Bowers Mountains of Antarctica, draining southeast into Black Glacier. It was so named by the northern party of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition, 1963–64, as party members arrived here in the new leap year of 1964 after climbing out of the Sledgers Glacier.
Further reading
• Gunter Faure, Teresa M. Mensing, The Transantarctic Mountains: Rocks, Ice, Meteorites and Water, P 137
External links
Leap Year Glacier on USGS website
Leap Year Glacier on the Antarctica New Zealand Digital Asset Manager website
Leap Year Glacier on SCAR website
References
Category:1964 in Antarctica
Category:Glaciers of Pennell Coast | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
WRW
WRW or Wrw may refer to:
Warwick railway station, Warwickshire, England (station code WRW)
All airports in Warsaw, Poland (IATA code WRW)
9th Weather Reconnaissance Wing of the US Air Force
Mbariman-Gudhinma language (ISO 639-3 code WRW)
Wrw (saint), also called Urw, a Welsh saint | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Stephen M. Edelson
Stephen Michael Edelson is an American autism researcher who has been the director of the Autism Research Institute since 2006.
Biography
Edelson received his master's degree and Ph.D. in experimental psychology from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. His doctoral advisor there was Douglas Medin. He subsequently joined the faculty of Pitzer College as an assistant professor of psychology. At Pitzer, he helped design the computer program "Miss Stim" to facilitate the education of children with communication disabilities. Before becoming director of the Autism Research Institute, he was the director of the Center for the Study of Autism in Salem, Oregon.
References
Category:American psychologists
Category:Autism researchers
Category:Experimental psychologists
Category:Living people
Category:Pitzer College faculty
Category:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign alumni
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Real Florido
Real S. Florido is an independent film director in the Philippines and Mass Communications graduate from the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila. His indie film Saan Nagtatago si Happiness? was one of the eight finalists in the 2006 Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival. A year earlier, he was assistant director of ICU Bed # 7, which was one of the nine finalists in the 2005 Cinemalaya. Meanwhile, his 18-minute short film Parang Sirang Plaka was one of the eight short films that competed in the Digital Lokal category of the 2007 Cinemanila International Film Festival held last August. Parang Sirang Plaka was also an official selection to the 4th Chicago Fil-Am Film Festival in 2007.
In 2008, he made a 2-minute short film entitled Mr. Perfect for the Shoot4life.tv's 24-hour Filmmarthon for International Blood Donation Campaign in Hungary. The short film made it to the 16 Supreme Films list of the said competition. In 2010, the 2-minute film was awarded 3rd place for people's choice in the first 180 Micro Cinema FestIVAL, an online film competition headed by the Film Development Council of the Philippines.
He also created the reality singing search Protégé: The Battle For The Big Break and Taste Buddies for GMA 7. He was also part of the team that created Party Pilipinas.
His debut film 1st Ko Si 3rd starring Nova Villa and Freddie Webb competed in Cinemalaya 2014 and was awarded Best Actor for Dante Rivero's performance. Nova Villa also got her first Gawad Urian nomination for her performance in this film. The film was also chosen in different festival around the world: London Film Awards, Canada International Film Festival, Jersey City International Film Festival, Hawaii International Film Festival and won Gender Sensitivity Award in QCinema International Film Festival2014.
He is currently the Chief Creative Officer of Firestarters Productions, a creative and productions company that he co-founded back in 2014 together with Anter San Agustin and Vian Seranilla.
References
External links
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Filipino film directors
Category:University of the City of Manila alumni | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Benign proliferative breast disease
Benign proliferative breast disease is a group of noncancerous conditions that may increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Examples include atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, and intraductal papillomas.
References
External links
Benign proliferative breast disease entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
Category:Breast neoplasia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Slava Turyshev
Slava G. Turyshev () is a Russian physicist now working in the US at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). He is known for his investigations of the Pioneer anomaly, affecting Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 spacecraft, and for his attempt to recover early data of the Pioneer spacecraft to shed light on such a phenomenon. He is interested in:
Science motivation, mission design, and data analysis of high-precision gravitational experiments in space.
Relativistic cosmology and alternative theories of gravity; theory of gravity-wave astronomy, including wave generation, propagation and detection.
Theory of and modeling for high-precision astronomical reference frames; lunar and interplanetary laser ranging; pulsar timing experiments.
Optimization and control algorithms for long-baseline optical interferometry; analytical and numerical techniques for the white-light fringe parameter estimation.
He was the principal investigator of the LATOR mission aimed at testing parameterized post-Newtonian formalism with high accuracy. Dr. Turyshev chaired several workshops at the International Space Science Institute on the Pioneer anomaly and the flyby anomaly.
Bibliometric information
As of November 2013, the h index of Turyshev, as released by the NASA ADS database, is 23, with more than 2000 non-self citations.
His tori index and riq index are 25.8 and 267, respectively.
References
External links
NASA webpage on Dr. Turyshev
Category:Russian physicists
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Cataloging & Classification Quarterly
Cataloging & Classification Quarterly is a peer-reviewed, scholarly journal that publishes articles about library cataloging, classification, metadata, indexing, information retrieval, information management, and other topics related to library cataloging. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly is notable for being the only academic journal devoted to library cataloging. Despite its name, the journal is now published eight times a year, but occasionally some issues are combined. Thematic issues are interspersed with general issues.
History
Cataloging & Classification Quarterly (CCQ) began publishing in 1980. Previous editors have been C. Donald Cook (founding editor; volumes 1-2, 1980-1982), George E. Gibbs (volumes 3-5, 1983-1985), and Ruth C. Carter (volumes 6-41, 1985-2006). The editor-in-chief since volume 42 has been Sandra K. Roe. The journal was published by Haworth Press until 2007 when the company was acquired by Taylor and Francis, the current publisher.
References
External links
Category:Library science journals
Category:English-language journals
Category:Publications established in 1980 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
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