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Lausanne-Sports Aviron Lausanne-Sports Aviron is a Swiss rowing club. The club was founded on June 21, 1916, located at Vidy-Lausanne. The club has a number of national champions, and members of the club have rowed internationally, including at the Olympic Games. The club colours are blue and white. External links Club profile (Web Archive)*Club webpage (in French) Category:FC Lausanne-Sport Category:Sports clubs established in 1916 Category:Rowing clubs in Switzerland Category:1916 establishments in Switzerland	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
ReWire (software protocol) ReWire is a software protocol, jointly developed by Propellerhead and Steinberg, allowing remote control and data transfer among digital audio editing and related software. Originally appearing in the ReBirth software synthesizer in 1998, the protocol has since evolved into an industry standard. Currently used in macOS and Microsoft Windows 32-bit or 64-bit audio applications, ReWire enables the simultaneous transfer of up to 256 audio tracks of arbitrary resolution and 4080 channels of MIDI data. This allows, for example, the output from synthesizer software to be fed directly into a linear editor without the use of intermediate files or analog transfers. There are also provisions to remotely trigger actions, such as starting and stopping recording. The protocol is licensed free of charge to companies only, but comes with a "non-disclosure of source code" license that is incompatible with most free-software licenses. The ReWire system consists of "Hosts", "Panels", and "Devices". Hosts are the host applications which typically do the sequencing at one end and the final mixdown at the other end. A Device is a dynamic link library that only generates sound; it has no user interface. A Panel is a graphical interface for setting the parameters of one Device. A typical setup would be to use Ableton Live in "Host" mode, and use Propellerhead Reason as a synthesizer. In this case Reason would provide Device/Panel pairs to Ableton, which could then send midi commands, sync timing and mix Reason's output into its own effects chains. Many applications support either mode. In fact, an application could (at the discretion of a developer) act as both a Host and a Panel at the same time. ReWire Hosts ("Sequencers/Trackers") Ableton Live ACID Pro Adobe Audition Cakewalk Sonar Cycling '74 Max/MSP FL Studio GarageBand Jeskola Buzz (with plugin.) Logic Pro MOTU Digital Performer MU.LAB Notion Plogue Bidule Pro Tools REAPER Reason (Can only host Propellerhead ReBirth RB-338) Renoise Samplitude Sonoma Wire Works RiffWorks Sony ACID Pro Steinberg Cubase Steinberg Nuendo Studio One Synapse Audio Orion Platinum Tracktion Zynewave Podium ReWire Devices ("Synthesizers") Ableton Live Arturia Storm Cakewalk Project 5 Cycling '74 Max/MSP Finale (beginning in v.25) FL Studio Plogue Bidule REAPER Reason ReBirth RB-338 Record Renoise Sibelius (beginning in v.6) Sony ACID Pro Vocaloid Vocaloid 2 See also JACK — a similar, open source API for Linux, macOS and Windows. External links Propellerheads' description of ReWire A database of tutorials on how to rewire different combinations of rewire compatible software programs. References Category:Music software plugin architectures	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1928 Arkansas Razorbacks football team The 1928 Arkansas Razorbacks football team represented the University of Arkansas in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1928 college football season. In their seventh and final year under head coach Francis Schmidt, the Razorbacks compiled a 7–2 record (2–1 against SWC opponents), finished in second place in the SWC, shut out five of their nine opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 251 to 63. Schedule References Category:Arkansas Razorbacks football seasons Arkansas Razorbacks Arkansas Razorbacks football	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Edmund Sargus Edmund Sargus may refer to: Edmund A. Sargus (1911–1967), Ohio state senator Edmund A. Sargus, Jr. (born 1953), his son, U.S. federal judge	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Johnstown Red Wings The Johnstown Red Wings were a professional ice hockey team based in Johnstown, Pennsylvania They were founded as a member of the Eastern Hockey League in the 1979-80 season. The Red Wings were used as an affiliate to the Adirondack Red Wings of the AHL. At the time, Adirondack was the primary affiliate of the Detroit Red Wings. History A year after Johnstown's 1977 flood, former Jets Executive Director/GM John Mitchell founded the Johnstown Wings of the Northeastern Hockey League. Mitchell used his connections with the NHL's Detroit Red Wings for the 1978-79 NEHL season. Mitchell worked with Lincoln Cavalieri, who was president of Olympia Stadium Corporation. At the time, Olympia Stadium Corporation owned the Detroit team, and Mitchell was able to secure an affiliation with the Red Wings. Johnstown worked closely with Detroit General Manager Ted Lindsay and Assistant GM Jim Skinner to develop players. Mitchell eventually ran into financial difficulties. With the assistance of local businesses and a local television station (WJAC-TV) ran a "Keep Hockey Alive" promotion, enough donations were raised to help fund the Wings' expenses for the season. The following season, a group of 10 prominent local business people took over the team, now the Johnstown Red Wings (with the NEHL taking on the league name of the former Eastern Hockey League). The 1979-80 team had difficulties on the ice and also lost money, but negotiations with the War Memorial for a new lease were underway when the EHL folded. The Red Wings hired a new coach for the 1979-80 EHL season. Marty Read, the new coach of the Red Wings, had previously played his college hockey at University of Michigan. The Red Wings had a mascot, a red bird named "Reddy", who was brought on midway through the season. The Red Wings played for one season, disbanding after a 24-45-1 season. The team averaged 2,309 fans per game, and had four games where they drew over 3,000 fans. Following the 1979-80 season, the team ceased operations. Johnstown would go without hockey until January 1988, when the Johnstown Chiefs were brought back as part of the AAHL's inaugural 1987-88 season. Season-by-season results Eastern Hockey League seasons only. Regular Season Playoffs None Notable Personnel Jim Cardiff, played three seasons in the WHA as a member of the Philadelphia/Vancouver Blazers. Played two partial seasons with the Johnstown Jets before finishing his career as a member of the Red Wings. Briefly coached the team during the final 23 games of the 1979-80 season. Ron Docken, starting goalie for Johnstown Wings in 1978-79, had minor role in Slap Shot as backup goalie "Lebrun". Lorry Gloeckner, played 13 games for the Detroit Red Wings, sat out a season due to injuries, played final season in Johnstown before retiring. John Hilworth, former Detroit Red Wings draft pick (55th overall, 1977 NHL Entry Draft) who played 57 games over three seasons with Johnstown's parent club. Claude Legris, former Detroit Red Wings draft pick (120th overall, 1976 NHL Entry Draft) who made one appearance in Johnstown. Legris remained in Detroit's system until his eventual retirement in 1983. Ted Lindsay, member of the Hockey Hall Of Fame who briefly accepted position as General Manager with the team. Dave MacQueen, leading scorer for the Red Wings in 1979-80, former Tampa Bay Lightning assistant coach. Harry Shaw, played 15 years of professional hockey. Paul Steigerwald, started broadcasting career as the play-by-play announcer for the Johnstown Red Wings. He later held the same role as the Pittsburgh Penguins as a color analyst on radio (1985-2004) and play by play announcer on television (2006-2017). Steigerwald moved to the Penguins' front office and assumed the role of communications and marketing advisor, a role that he continues to hold in 2018. Wayne Wood, former New York Rangers draft pick (83rd overall, 1971 NHL Entry Draft). References Category:1978 establishments in Pennsylvania Category:1980 disestablishments in Pennsylvania Category:Defunct sports teams in Pennsylvania Category:Defunct ice hockey teams in the United States Category:Detroit Red Wings Category:Eastern Hockey League teams Category:Ice hockey clubs established in 1978 Category:Sports clubs disestablished in 1980	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Silva Reinaldo Ribeiro Silva Reinaldo Ribeiro (born June 8, 1981) is a Brazilian footballer currently playing for FC Andelsbuch. He also holds Austrian citizenship. References Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:Brazilian footballers Category:SC Austria Lustenau players Category:SC Rheindorf Altach players Category:Association football midfielders	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Incredible Journey The Incredible Journey (1961), by Scottish author Sheila Burnford, is a children's book first published by Hodder & Stoughton, which tells the story of three pets as they travel through the Canadian wilderness searching for their beloved masters. It depicts the suffering and stress of an arduous journey, together with the unwavering loyalty and courage of the three animals. The story is set in the northwestern part of Ontario, which has many lakes, rivers, and widely dispersed small farms and towns. It is usually considered a children's book, although Burnford has stated that she did not write it specifically for children. The book was a modest success when first published, but became widely known after 1963 when it was loosely adapted into a movie by the same name by Walt Disney. The story was again adapted loosely when Disney remade the film in 1993 as Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey. Burnford based the fictional story on the animals she and her husband owned while living in Canada: a Bull Terrier brought from England; a Siamese cat, whose mutual relationship with the terrier she described as "closer than any other cat-and-dog relationship I had ever seen"; and a young Labrador Retriever, who also developed a close relationship with the older dog. Plot The animals' owners, the Hunters, leave to go to England for several months because Jim, the father, is scheduled to give a series of university lectures there. They leave their pets in the care of John Longridge, a family friend and godfather of their daughter, Elizabeth. One day, after John Longridge leaves for a two-week duck hunting trip, the animals, feeling the lack of their human helpers, set out to try to find their owners, the Hunters. Mrs. Oakes, who is taking care of Longridges' home, does not find the animals and thinks that John must have taken them with him. The animals follow their instincts and head west, towards home, 300 miles away through the Canadian wilderness. They face many obstacles in their path; from rivers to irritable people, but nonetheless, they struggle bravely on, until they finally reach home. Characters Luath: Luath is a young Labrador Retriever. His fur is red-gold, his eyes are brown, and he is strongly built. Of the Hunter's three pets, he is the most recent addition. He is also the most determined to push forward and reach home and the Hunters. Luath usually walks on Bodger's left side. Bodger: Bodger (whose full name is Ch. Boroughcastle Brigadier of Doune) is an old English Bull Terrier. His fur is white with a slight pinkish tint. Bodger's left eye is nearly blind. The dog was born to fight and endure (as he does in the book). Because he is eleven years old, Bodger tires easily; but he is a brave, loyal, persevering, and tenacious companion. He is very fond of humans, particularly children, and whenever the group comes across humans in their travels, he tries to charm them for affection and snacks, with varying results. He has an intense hostility towards all cats save Tao, who earned his respect by standing up to him when Tao first joined the Hunter family as a small kitten. Though they care deeply for Luath, Bodger and Tao have a special bond. Bodger is the first of the animals to have joined the Hunter family. Despite his advanced age and diminished senses, Bodger is still every bit the fighter he was in his prime, at one point saving Luath from a Border Collie sicced on them by an irate farmer. Tao: Tao is a slender, seal-point, old style Siamese cat with sapphire eyes. Tao has a royal white body with dark black features such as his face, feet, and tail. An element of humor in the book is that Tao, like Bodger, despises other cats, and the two once shared many adventures terrorizing the other felines in their neighborhood; when they encounter other domesticated cats in their travels, Tao often fights them, successfully. Tao is able to open most doors, a help to the dogs in several situations. Tao is a tireless, bold, and loyal animal. Tao is probably the best equipped of the three to survive in the wilderness, and has no difficulty surviving on his own when separated from the two dogs; despite this, he spends all his time seeking to rejoin them, a testament to the bond between the animals. The cat is an independent and natural hunter, catching small birds for the group. When Tao is separated from them, the dogs fare more poorly without Tao than Tao does without them. Therefore, Tao is crucial to the dogs' survival. John Longridge: John Longridge is Elizabeth Hunter's godfather. He lives in a stone house in a small village about 300 miles from the college town where the Hunters live. Mr. Longridge wrote several historical books, is a writer by profession, and a bachelor. The Hunter Family: The Hunter Family consists of the father Jim, the mother and their two children, 11-year-old Peter and nine-year-old Elizabeth. Jim owns Luath, Elizabeth owns Tao, and Peter owns Bodger. Mrs. Oakes: Mrs. Oakes is the owner of the three animals while John is gone on his trip. The Nurmi Family: The Nurmi family are a family of Finnish immigrants. Ten-year-old Helvi rescues and nurses Tao after she discovers him unconscious in the river by her house, having been swept up by flotsam from a broken beaver dam while trying to swim across with the dogs upstream. The Mackenzies: James and Nell Mackenzie are elderly farmers who live alone, now that their eight children have grown, and they are instrumental in helping the dogs to survive. Bodger charms his way into their home and their pantry, and Luath appears soon afterwards, his instincts leading him to fetch for James while he is duck hunting. James removes porcupine quills from Luath's muzzle, allowing the dog to recover and continue his journey. Tao is present at the farm while his companions rest and recover, and instrumental in freeing the dogs from the barn, but he is unseen by the Mackenzies. The Lynx: The Lynx tried to attack and eat Tao, but a hunter killed him, whitout realizing Tao was in a rabbits den the Lynx was digging into. Farm Dog: The Farm Dog was a vicious and mean sheepdog who attacked Luath, but Bodger intervened and fended him off. Bear cub: The Bear cub thought Bodger was a toy and pawed at him with his sharp claws until Tao intervened and tried to protect him. Mother Bear: The Mother Bear tried to protect her cub when Tao attacked him until she was chased off by Luath. Awards 1963 Dorothy Canfield Fisher Children's Book Award winner 1963 Canadian Library Association Book of the Year for Children Award winner 1963 American Library Association Aurianne Award winner 1964 International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) honour See also Animal navigation References Category:1961 British novels Category:British children's novels Category:British novels adapted into films Category:Children's novels about animals Category:Northern Ontario in fiction Category:Novels set in Ontario Category:Hodder & Stoughton books Category:1961 children's books Category:Novels about cats Category:Novels about dogs Category:British children's books	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Swedish Cricket Federation The Swedish Cricket Federation () was established in 1990, and is the administrative organisation for all cricket in Sweden. The Swedish Cricket Federation is an Affiliate member of the International Cricket Council. In 1998, there were approx. 500 registered cricket players in Sweden. In 2016 Radio Sweden reported there was an estimated 55 teams and 3,000 registered players; the surge, similar to that in Germany, has been attributed to an influx of immigrants from Afghanistan and other cricket-loving countries. The social side of the game has been praised for its ability to integrate new arrivals. In 2015 the Swedish Cricket Federation joined the Swedish Sports Confederation. While gaining in popularity, it is said that the game still lags behind cricket in Norway in popularity. Overview Stockholm Cricket club founded in 1948 is the oldest club in Sweden. Currently, there are 56 cricket teams in Sweden, of which 42 play in the National Cricket League (NCL). NCL is divided into Four divisions Elite, Division 1, Division 2 and division 3. NCL is being played in four different formats. T50 in Elite, T40 overs in div one, t30 overs in div 2&3, and t20 in all divisions. The Swedish Cricket Federation got recognition in Sweden by the Swedish Sports Confederation in their annual meeting on 30-May 2015 in Helsingborg. Currently there are more than 3000 cricket players in Sweden; these players are mostly from countries like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and other cricket playing nations. Youth cricket in Sweden Sweden u19 played 4 t20 matches on 27&28 June 2015 in Olso with the Norway u19. Sweden u19 lost the series 1-3. Later in August Norway u17 came to Stockhlom to play against Sweden u17 which was won by Sweden u17. On 6&7 August 2015 SCF in partnership with Helsingborgs cricketförening organized an u19 regional cricket tournament in Helsingborg in which three teams took part: Malmö, Helsingborg and Stockholm. Sweden are hosting and competing in the European t20 div 2 in 2016, with matches at Skärpnack and Gärdet in Stockholm, after being out of the international arena for two years. Last time Sweden played in international arena was in ICC European division one at Essex England in 2013. References External links Swedish Cricket Federation cricket Category:Cricket administration in Sweden Category:Sports organizations established in 1991 Category:1991 establishments in Sweden	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Talisman (King and Straub novel) The Talisman is a 1984 fantasy novel by American writers Stephen King and Peter Straub. The plot is not related to that of Walter Scott's 1825 novel of the same name, although there is one oblique reference to "a Sir Walter Scott novel." The Talisman was nominated for both the Locus and World Fantasy Awards in 1985. King and Straub followed up with a sequel, Black House (2001), that picks up with a now-adult Jack as a retired Los Angeles homicide detective trying to solve a series of murders in the small town of French Landing, Wisconsin. Plot summary Jack Sawyer, twelve years old, sets out from Arcadia Beach, New Hampshire in a bid to save his mother, who is dying from cancer, by finding a crystal called "the Talisman." Jack's journey takes him simultaneously through the American heartland and "the Territories," a strange fantasy land which is set in a universe parallel to that of Jack's United States. Individuals in the Territories have "twinners," or parallel individuals, in our world. Twinners' births, deaths, and (it is intimated) other major life events are usually paralleled. Twinners can also "flip" or migrate to the other world, but only share the body of their alternate universe's analogue. When flipped, the Twinner, or the actual person, will automatically start speaking and thinking the language of where they are flipping into subconsciously. In rare instances (such as Jack's), a person may die in one world but not the other, making the survivor "single-natured" with the ability to switch back and forth, body and mind, between the two worlds. Jack is taught how to flip by a mysterious figure known as Speedy Parker, who is the twinner of a gunslinger named Parkus in the Territories. In the Territories, the beloved Queen Laura DeLoessian, the twinner of Jack's mother (a movie actress known as the "Queen of the B Movies") is dying as well. Various people help or hinder Jack in his quest. Of particular importance are the werewolves, known simply as Wolfs, who inhabit the Territories. These are not the savage killers of tradition: they serve as royal herdsmen or bodyguards, and can sometimes under stress voluntarily change to wolf form, in addition to facing an involuntary transformation that lasts about three days at the time of the full moon. A sixteen-year-old Wolf, simply named Wolf, is pulled into America by Jack Sawyer and adopts Jack as his pack, serving as his companion. Wolf is extremely likeable, kind, loyal and friendly, much like a dog, though his wolf nature shows through on occasion. On the other hand, some Wolfs have joined the malevolent faction which is trying to stop Jack. As the story goes back and forth between the Territories and the familiar United States, or "American Territories" as Jack comes to call them, Jack escapes from one life-threatening situation after another. Accompanied by Wolf and later by his childhood friend Richard, Jack must retrieve the Talisman before it falls into the hands of evil schemer Morgan Sloat, Richard's father, who, we later learn, was Jack's father's business partner before arranging to have the latter murdered. He wants to seize their business from Jack's mother. Morgan Sloat's twinner, Morgan of Orris, also plans to seize the Territories in the event of Queen Laura's death. Publication history The idea of writing The Talisman first took form when Stephen King moved with his family to London in early 1977. It was there he met Peter and Susan Straub, and their children. The two writers became friends, both being fans of each other's work. King and his family left London three months later to return to the United States. Straub and King had talked multiple times before about collaborating to write a book, but nothing ever surfaced until years after King returned stateside, when the Straubs also moved to the United States. According to King, after Straub moved, "the talk got serious," and they began collaborating. Their literary friendship continued after The Talisman was published; in 1999 they began working on the sequel, Black House (2001), which deals with Jack Sawyer as an adult. A third and final book in the Jack Sawyer series is planned. Locations The Territories When Jack "flips," he finds himself in a parallel world, which is physically smaller than the world from which he comes. Throughout the course of the novel, Jack uses the size differential as a method to travel quickly across the country. The eastern region, corresponding to the Eastern Seaboard, is the most densely populated and is governed under a feudal system headed by the Queen. The central regions, roughly corresponding to the American plains, are a grain growing area known as "the Outposts." Beyond them the western region of the Territories is a destroyed area known as "the Blasted Lands" (analogous to the American Southwest – primarily New Mexico, where the atomic bomb was tested). It apparently was wrecked by radioactivity and has dangerous mutants and occasional fireballs. Alhambra Hotel Where Jack begins his quest and meets Speedy Parker. It is a decaying building on the New Hampshire coast, at the end of the novel deserted except for Jack's mother. Its parallel in the Territories is the summer palace of the dying queen. The Alhambra was also a notable location in King's novel The Tommyknockers. Oatley Tap A bar in the fictional western New York town of the same name. The owner, Smokey, holds Jack as a virtual slave. Jack despises him for this mistreatment. Sunlight Gardener's School When Jack and Wolf are accused of mischievous "hitchhiking" and "trouble-making" by a highway police officer, they are sent by the court to a camp/school for troubled youths run by evangelist Robert "Sunlight" Gardner/Osmond. It is located in eastern Indiana and parallels a terrible open pit mine in the Territories where slaves are used to gather radioactive ore for Morgan. Jack and Wolf are held as wards of the state in Sunlight Gardener's School for one month, escaping after Wolf transforms and brutally kills a number of students in the school. Sunlight Gardener escapes during the attack and Wolf is shot four times by Sonny Singer (a prefect at the school) and dies of his injuries. Thayer School A boarding school for wealthy boys in Springfield, Illinois. Jack meets up with his friend Richard here. The school is shifted into another plane by Morgan, where wolves and gargoyle-like creatures try to seize Jack. Agincourt Hotel In the ruined town of Point Venuti on the northern California coast. It is a mysterious abandoned black structure similar to the Alhambra. It holds the Talisman and has many different incarnations depending on the alternate universe. In The Territories it appears as a black castle. It is through this building's shifting forms as Jack nears the Talisman that the reader learns of a multitude of other worlds of which the Territories and America are only two. Reception Because Straub and King were both immensely successful and popular horror and suspense writers in their own rights, anticipation of this book was extremely strong. The publisher financed a USD$550,000 promotion budget and several articles ran which hailed the collaboration of the two writers and speculated what would be “the greatest horror novel ever written.” Actual popular and critical reception, however, were mixed and ran the spectrum from "worst" (People: "Worst of Pages" list) and "best" (Twilight Zone: Year's Best Novel). However, with the exception of People, no critics recommended against it. According to Publishers Weekly, the final sales figure for The Talisman in 1984 was 880,287 copies. The original hardbound edition spent 12 weeks as #1 on the New York Times Best Seller List with a total of 23 weeks in total on the list. Publishers Weekly listed it as #1 for 11 weeks, with a total of 26 weeks on the list. The subsequent Berkley paperback edition spent 2 weeks as #1 on the New York Times best paperback list with a total of 14 weeks on the list. Publishers Weekly listed it as #1 for 3 weeks, with 13 weeks in total on the list. Connection to The Dark Tower The book's sequel Black House presents a "soft" retcon that the Territories are a parallel to All-World. This is made most clear by King's introduction to The Little Sisters of Eluria where he states the pavilion where Jack Sawyer meets Sophie is the same one in The Little Sisters. Adaptations The Talisman has been adapted into a 2008 short film and a graphic novel much like The Stand and The Dark Tower. The first issue was published in October 2009. Del Rey planned to run "at least 24 issues", however only six issues were published. A feature-length film version has been in planning for decades, and is currently in development by Amblin Partners and The Kennedy/Marshall Company with a script by Chris Sparling. See also Black House "Jack Names the Planets" References External links The Talisman at Worlds Without End Category:1984 American novels Category:1984 fantasy novels Category:American fantasy novels adapted into films Category:Literary collaborations Category:Novels by Peter Straub Category:Novels by Stephen King Category:Novels about parallel universes Category:Viking Press books Category:Werewolf novels Category:Novels adapted into comics	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Källby Runestones The Källby Runestones are two Viking Age memorial runestones located in Källby, Västra Götaland County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Västergötland. Vg 55 Västergötland Runic Inscription 55 or Vg 55 is the Rundata designation for an inscription consisting of runic text in the younger futhark inscribed on two serpents that frame a cross. The inscription, which is on a sandstone stone that is 4.4 meters in height, is classified as being carved in Runestone style Pr2, which is also known as Ringerike style. This is the classification for inscriptions where the text bands have attached serpent heads depicted as seen from above. Vg 55 has been known since the Swedish runestone surveys of the 16th century, and was described by Ole Worm in 1555. Although carved in sandstone, an inspection in 1995–96 found that 84% of the runes were intact. The runic text states that the stone was raised by two sons named Ulfr and Ragnarr in memory of their father Fari, who is described as being a Christian and having "good belief in God". The inscription has been noted as evidence of the influence of Christian ethics in the meaning of "good" in Viking Age Sweden. Inscription Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters ulfʀ : auk : þiʀ : ra(k)nar : risþu : stin : þansi : iftiʀ : fara : faþur sin : ... ...ristin : man : saʀ : hafþi : kuþa : tru : til : kus : Transcription into Old Norse Ulfʀ ok þæiʀ Ragnarr ræistu stæin þannsi æftiʀ Fara, faður sinn ... [k]ristinn mann, saʀ hafði goða tro til Guðs. Translation in English Ulfr and Ragnarr, they raised this stone in memory of Fari, their father ... Christian man. He had good belief in God. Vg 56 Västergötland Runic Inscription 56 or Vg 56 is the Rundata listing for an inscription consisting of runic text in the younger futhark carved in two text bands on the right edge of a sandstone stone 3.1 meters in height that depicts the figure of a man holding a stick and wearing a large belt and headdress with antlers. Because of the belt, the figure has sometimes been identified as the Norse pagan god Thor, who has a belt called Megingjörð that increases his strength. Another suggestion is that the figure represents the man memorialized in the runic text who is depicted in shaman attire performing a ritual. The stone was originally located at Skavums, and was moved to its current location across the road from Vg 55 in 1669. The runic text states that the stone was raised by a man named either Styrlakr or Styrlaugr in memory of his father, who was named Kárr. It has been suggested that the father's name Kárr, which is Old Norse for "lock of hair" or "curly hair," was a name associated with cultic initiates who grew long hair, and supports an identification of the figure on the inscription as being that of the father in ritual attire. The name Kárr was often combined with that of Odin in Óðinkárr, and appears in a possible cultic initiate reference in the names on inscriptions on DR 4 in Hedeby, DR 81 in Skjern, DR 133 in Skivum, and DR 239 in Gørlev. The text on Vg 73 in Synnerby has a man named Kárr whose father has a name that means he may have been a priest or chieftain with religious duties. The name Kárr is also used without necessarily any cultic reference in inscriptions Sm 90 in Torshag, Sö 128 in Lids, U 643 and U 644 in Ekilla bro, U 654 in Varpsund, and U 792 in Ulunda, with U 644 and U 654 referring to the same person. Inscription Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters stur-akʀ + sati + stin + þasi + (i)ftiʀ + kaur + faþur + sin Transcription into Old Norse Styr[l]akʀ/Styr[l]augr satti stæin þannsi æftiʀ <kaur>, faður sinn. Translation in English Styrlakr/Styrlaugr placed this stone in memory of <kaur>, his father. References External links Photograph of Vg 55 in 1989 - Swedish National Heritage Board Photograph of Vg55 and Vg 56 in 1992 - Swedish National Heritage Board Photograph of Vg 56 in 1986 - Swedish National Heritage Board Category:Runestones in Västergötland	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Elk (steam tug) {\| {{Infobox ship career \|Hide header= \|Ship name=Elk ex Katherine \|Ship owner= \|Ship operator= \|Ship registry= \|Ship route= \|Ship ordered= \|Ship builder= \|Ship original cost= \|Ship yard number= \|Ship way number= \|Ship laid down= \|Ship launched= \|Ship completed=1880; rebuilt 1896 \|Ship christened= \|Ship acquired= \|Ship maiden voyage= \|Ship in service= \|Ship out of service= 1911 \|Ship identification=164007 (as rebuilt) \|Ship fate=burned \|Ship status= \|Ship notes= }} \|}Elk was a steam tug that operated on Puget Sound, and earlier, from 1880 to 1896, on Lake Washington under the name of Katherine. CareerElk was originally constructed at Houghton, Washington, and launched under the name Katherine. Katherine was long, on the beam, and rated at 14.25 registered tons. Katherine operated on Lake Washington, and by 1895, was owned by Capt J.C. O'Connor, who had been born in New York in 1846. O'Connor had been involved with steamboats on Lake Washington since 1874, when he had worked on the steamer Chehalis In 1896, Capt. O.G. Olsen (d. 1924) bought the steamboat Katherine. Olsen was a native of Norway who came to Pacific Coast in 1883. Olsen rebuilt Katherine as a tug and took the vessel to Puget Sound to operate out of Tacoma as a tug under the name of Elk, the first vessel of what became the Olsen Tug Boat Company. Stranding In 1909, while operating under the Seattle concern of Crosbie Towing Co., Elk was towing a barge loaded with telephone cable intended for the Kitsap County Telephone Company, Elk went aground near Restoration Point. As a result, the vessel suffered extensive damage, including breaking the tail shaft, rudder shaft and keel. Elk was not a total loss, and the vessel was able to be removed to the King and Winge shipyard in West Seattle where repairs were made. DispositionElk is reported to have burned in 1911. Notes References Newell, Gordon R., ed., H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, WA (1966) Newell, Gordon R., Ships of the Inland Sea'', Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, WA (2nd Ed. 1960) * Category:1880 ships Category:Steamboats of Washington (state) Category:Steam tugs Category:Steam tugs of Washington (state) Category:Propeller-driven steamboats of Washington (state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tim Renwick Timothy John Pearson Renwick (born 7 August 1949 in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England) is an English guitarist. He is best known for his association with Al Stewart in his early career and for his long-standing role as lead guitarist for The Sutherland Brothers and Quiver. He also performed with Pink Floyd on their 1987 and 1994 tours, as well as accompanying the band at their Live 8 performance. Career Renwick was born and grew up in Cambridge. He passed his 11 plus and consequently attended Cambridgeshire High School for Boys, as had future Floyd members Syd Barrett and Roger Waters. After dabbling in other instruments, he started to play guitar when he was 14, and progressed to playing in local bands in 1963. Throughout that decade performed with Little Women, Wages of Sin, Junior's Eyes, The Hype, Quiver (later Sutherland Brothers & Quiver) and Lazy Racer. He also worked for the Alan Parsons' rhythm section at Abbey Road Studios with Pete Moss for the Sutherland Brothers and Al Stewart. He did session work for Elton John, Procol Harum, Andy Gibb, Bridget St. John, Shirley Collins and The Albion Country Band, David Bowie, Mike Oldfield, Gary Brooker, Roger Waters, Eric Clapton, David Byron, Rick Wright, Jonathan Kelly (credited also with flute), Sally Oldfield, Maggie Reilly, China Crisis, Pink Floyd and Brian Joseph Friel. Pink Floyd and other projects Renwick is credited as the co-composer of Elton John's song "Dreamboat". The song was released on the "Kiss the Bride" single in 1983, but was most likely recorded in the late 1970s, when Renwick was briefly a member of Elton John's band, recording with him on A Single Man and playing with him in John's 1980 concert in Central Park, New York. In 1984, Renwick toured with Roger Waters during his The Pros and Cons of Hitchhiking tour. Among the other musicians in Waters' band was Eric Clapton, with whom Tim toured the following year, on Clapton's Behind The Sun Tour. In 1987, David Gilmour invited Renwick to tour with Pink Floyd as a session musician, and recordings from the August 1988 shows were released in the double live album Delicate Sound of Thunder. This makes Renwick, along with Michael Kamen, Patrick Leonard and Jon Carin, one of the few musicians who performed with both Waters and his former bandmates after Waters had left Pink Floyd. Renwick joined the Tex Maniax with Andy Roberts and other ex Wangfords (1984) and Mike + The Mechanics (1989). Renwick joined Pink Floyd again later on their 1989 European tour, on the 1994 studio album, The Division Bell, and on the Division Bell tour, which again resulted in a double live album, Pulse. Renwick made a live appearance with the Alan Parsons Band in the 1998 Michael Jackson Gala (replacing the original guitarist Ian Bairnson). He recorded with Pink Floyd colleague Rick Wright, playing guitar on his 1996 album Broken China. In 2005 he appeared once more with Pink Floyd as second guitarist (and bassist on "Wish You Were Here") for their Live 8 reunion. He also played with Al Stewart at Cambridge Corn Exchange on 7 October 2013, and again on Stewart's 2015 UK and Ireland tour. Solo work Renwick has recorded an eponymous album, Tim Renwick, released in 1980, and in 2007 compiled an instrumental album titled Privateer, published by Audio Network Plc. and available from his website. Privateer II was released in 2017 following a similar theme. He now lives in Pentewan, Cornwall, and plays guitar in The Bucket Boys. He also played in a duo called Hobson's Choice,and is an occasional guest player with Cornish band The Hoodle. Solo discography Tim Renwick (1980) Privateer (2007) Electric Blue (2008) Vintage Blues Guitar (2013) Privateer 2 (2017) References External links Official website Tim Renwick Myspace Tim Renwick bio with details of all band line-ups etc. Category:1949 births Category:Living people Category:English rock guitarists Category:English session musicians Category:People from Cambridge Category:Musicians from Cambridgeshire Category:English male singers Category:Lead guitarists Category:Rhythm guitarists Category:Procol Harum members Category:English male guitarists Category:The Albion Band members Category:Elton John Band members	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kokan Shiren Kokan Shiren (Japanese: こかんしれん, Kanji: 虎関師錬; 9 May 1278 – 11 August 1347), Japanese Rinzai Zen patriarch and celebrated poet in Chinese, was the son of an officer of the palace guard and a mother of the aristocratic Minamoto clan. At age eight he was placed in the charge of the Buddhist priest Hōkaku on Mt. Hiei. At age ten he was ordained there, but later began study with the Zen master Kian at the Nanzenji monastery. Kokan Shiren's talents came to the attention of the Emperor Kameyama. At age seventeen he began extensive Chinese studies. Thus began a long career of travel and the establishment of Zen institutions all across Japan. He became abbot at many of the best Zen establishments. At the end of his life, the emperor Gomurakami conferred upon him the title kokushi or National Teacher. Yet in his writings Kokan showed an aloofness from prestige with a striving for inner freedom. The best of his poetry in Chinese dates from late in his life when he had withdrawn from ecclesiastical affairs. His poetry and essays were collected under the title Saihokushū. He is also credited with other contributions to lexography in his lifetime. Kokan compiled a thirty-chapter Buddhist history, the Genko Shakusho (元亨釈書), the oldest extant account of Buddhism in Japan. The work was completed in the [[Genkō (second)\|Genko]] era, whence the era name in its title. Kokan studied under the celebrated Chinese monk Yishan Yining. Their relationship can be regarded as the beginning of the golden age of the Literature of the Five Mountains in Japan. He studied calligraphy under an additional Chinese master Huang Shangu. Other works include Japan's first rhymed verse Jubun-in-ryaku in five volumes, Kokan Osho Juzenshiroku in three volumes, and the eighteen-volume Butsugo Shinron. A portrait of Kokan Shiren is in the Kaizoin of the Tōfuku-ji Temple in Kyoto, Japan. Rhymeprose on a Miniature Landscape Garden Of great interest for the development of the Japanese garden, bonseki, bonsai and related arts is Kokan Shirens rhymeprose essay Rhymeprose on a Miniature Landscape Garden. Obvious influence can be seen from Chinese Song period literati. Kokan Shiren's deceptively simple and straightforward narration gave an early voice to what would become a profound cultural transformation in Japan: See also List of Rinzai Buddhists Notes References Carpenter, Bruce E., "Kokan Shiren and the Transformation of Familiar Things," Tezukayama University Review (Tezukayama daigaku ronshū (Nara, Japan), No. 18, 1978, pp. 1–16. Kitamura, Sawakichi. (1941). Gozan bungaku shiko (A Draft History of Five Mountains Literature). Tokyo: Fujiyama Press. Yamane Yuzo. (1983). "Five Mountains of Kyoto" (Kyo no Gozan), in the Complete Arts of Japanese Ancient Temples. Tokyo: Shueisha Press. Category:1278 births Category:1347 deaths Category:Rinzai Buddhists Category:Japanese Zen Buddhists Category:Kamakura period Buddhist monks	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Zrze Zrze is a village in Dolneni Municipality, central North Macedonia. Category:Villages in Dolneni Municipality	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Charaxes thysi Charaxes thysi is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of forests. Taxonomy Charaxes baumanni is a member of the large species group Charaxes etheocles. Ecozone Afrotropical ecozone References Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1972 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VIII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)215-264. External links Images of C. thysi Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project) Charaxes thysi images at Consortium for the Barcode of Life including Holotype External images Category:Butterflies described in 1889 thysi Category:Butterflies of Africa	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hans Hüneke Johannes Ernst "Hans" Hüneke (12 January 1934 – 14 August 2015) was a German middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 3000 metres steeplechase at the 1960 Summer Olympics. References Category:1934 births Category:2015 deaths Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics Category:German male middle-distance runners Category:German male steeplechase runners Category:Olympic athletes of the United Team of Germany Category:Place of birth missing	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Peoria Sports Complex The Peoria Sports Complex is a baseball complex located in Peoria, Arizona, a suburb of Phoenix, near Peoria's main shopping district on Bell Road. It consists of the main baseball stadium (Peoria Stadium) and 12 practice fields. It is one of six facilities to host Arizona Fall League games. The capacity is of the Peoria Stadium is approximately 12,000. During spring training, it is the home stadium of both the San Diego Padres and the Seattle Mariners, who play in the spring training Cactus League. Both teams are leased to hold spring training there through the year 2034. The complex has also been a site of the Vans Warped Tour every summer since 2002. References External links Category:Cactus League venues Category:Minor league baseball venues Category:Arizona Fall League Category:Buildings and structures in Peoria, Arizona Category:San Diego Padres spring training venues Category:Seattle Mariners spring training venues Category:Baseball venues in Arizona Category:Sports venues in Maricopa County, Arizona Category:Sports in Peoria, Arizona Category:1994 establishments in Arizona Category:Sports venues completed in 1994 Category:Soccer venues in Arizona Category:Arizona League ballparks Category:Sports complexes in the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Charles Edmund Boyle Charles Edmund Boyle (February 4, 1836 – December 15, 1888) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Charles E. Boyle was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania. He attended the common schools, and Waynesburg College in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in December 1861 and practiced. He was elected district attorney for Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in 1862. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania State House of Representatives in 1865 and 1866. He was president of the Democratic State convention in 1867 and 1871, and a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1876 and 1880. Boyle was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth Congresses. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1886. He was appointed judge of the Territory of Washington in September 1888 and served until his death in Seattle, Washington, in 1888. Interment in Oak Grove Cemetery in Uniontown, Pennsylvania. Sources The Political Graveyard Category:1836 births Category:1888 deaths Category:Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania Category:Pennsylvania lawyers Category:Washington Territory officials Category:People from Uniontown, Pennsylvania Category:Waynesburg University alumni Category:Pennsylvania Democrats Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives Category:19th-century American politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Treaty of New Echota The Treaty of New Echota was a treaty signed on December 29, 1835, in New Echota, Georgia by officials of the United States government and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction, the Treaty Party. The treaty established terms under which the entire Cherokee Nation ceded its territory in the southeast and agreed to move west to the Indian Territory. Although the treaty was not approved by the Cherokee National Council nor signed by Principal Chief John Ross, it was amended and ratified in March 1836, and became the legal basis for the forcible removal known as the Trail of Tears. Background Early discussions By the late 1720s, the territory of the Cherokee Indian nation lay almost entirely in northwestern Georgia, with small parts in Tennessee, Alabama, and North Carolina. It extended across most of the northern border and all of the border with Tennessee. An estimated 16,000 Cherokee people lived in this territory. Others had emigrated west to present-day Texas and Arkansas. In 1826, the Georgia legislature asked President John Quincy Adams to negotiate a removal treaty. Adams, a supporter of Indian sovereignty, initially refused, but when Georgia threatened to nullify the current treaty, he approached the Cherokee to negotiate. A year passed without any progress toward removal. Andrew Jackson, a Democrat and supporter of Indian removal, was elected president in 1828. Georgia laws over Cherokee Indian territory Shortly after the 1828 election, Georgia acted on its nullification threat. The legislature passed a series of laws abolishing the independent government of the Cherokee and extending state law over their territory. Cherokee officials were forbidden to meet for legislative purposes. White people (including missionaries and those married to Cherokee) were forbidden to live in Cherokee country without a state permit, and Cherokee were forbidden to testify in court cases involving European Americans. Soon after his inauguration, Jackson wrote an open letter to the Southeastern Indian nations, urging them to move west. After gold was discovered in Georgia in late 1829, the ensuing Georgia Gold Rush increased white residents' determination to see the Cherokee removed. The Cherokee were forbidden to dig for gold, and Georgia authorized a survey of their lands to prepare for a lottery to distribute the land to whites. The state held the lottery in 1832. In the following session, the state legislature stripped the Cherokee of all land other than their residences and adjoining improvements. By 1834 this exception was also removed. When state judges intervened on behalf of Cherokee residents, they were harassed and denied jurisdiction over such cases. Cherokee reaction The new laws targeted the Cherokee leadership in particular. The hereditary chiefs were selected from men who belonged to the important clans of the matrilineal culture. They gained their status from their Cherokee mothers and their clans, although by this time, there were several of mixed race. Principal Chief John Ross was also of mixed race, and had tried to make use of his heritage to benefit the Cherokee in relations with whites. Since the Georgia laws made it illegal for the Cherokee to conduct national business, the National Council (the legislative body of the Cherokee Nation) cancelled the 1832 elections. It declared that current officials would retain their offices until elections could be held, and established an emergency government based in Tennessee. The Council tried to force Jackson's hand against Georgia by suing the state in federal courts and lobbying Congress to support Cherokee sovereignty. In 1832, the United States Supreme Court struck down Georgia's laws as unconstitutional in Worcester v. Georgia, ruling that only the Federal government had power to deal with the Native American tribes, and the states had no power to pass legislation regulating their activities. However, the state ignored the ruling and continued to enforce the laws. Negotiations Jackson's initial proposal Shortly after the Supreme Court's ruling, Jackson met with John Ridge, clerk of the Cherokee National Council, who headed a Cherokee delegation that went to Washington, DC to meet with him. When asked whether he would use federal force against Georgia, Jackson said he would not and urged Ridge to persuade the Cherokee to accept removal. Ridge, until then a supporter of the National Council's position, left the White House in despair. John McLean, a Jackson appointee to the Supreme Court, likewise urged the Cherokee representatives in Washington to negotiate. Jackson quickly dispatched Secretary of War Lewis Cass to present his terms, which included western land titles, self-government, relocation assistance, and several other long-term benefits—all conditioned on a total Cherokee removal. He would allow a small number of Cherokee to stay if they accepted state authority over them. In the following months, Ridge found supporters for the removal option, including his father Major Ridge and the major's nephews Elias Boudinot and Stand Watie. In October 1832, he urged the National Council to consider Cass's proposal, but the Council was unmoved. Divisions among the Cherokee While Ross's delegation continued to lobby Congress for relief, the worsening situation in Georgia drove members of the Treaty Party to Washington to press for a removal treaty. Boudinot and the Ridges had come to believe that removal was inevitable, and hoped to secure Cherokee rights by agreeing to a treaty. In December 1833, the Cherokees supporting removal formed a party, with the former principal chief William Hicks as their head and John McIntosh as his assistant. They sent a delegation led by Andrew Ross, younger brother of Principal Chief John Ross. The administration refused to deal with them, but invited them to return with leaders more involved in the Cherokee Nation's affairs. They returned with Boudinot and Major Ridge, and entered negotiations with Cass. When Cass urged John Ross to join the negotiations, he denounced his brother's delegation. Andrew Ross and other members signed a harsh treaty in June 1834 without the Ridge family's support. The progress of separate negotiations finally moved John Ross to discuss terms. He made offers to cede all land except the borders of Georgia, and then to cede all land, on the condition that the Cherokee could remain in the east subject to state laws. Cass refused, saying that he would discuss only removal. Andrew Ross's treaty was submitted to the Senate, where it was rejected as not having the support of all Cherokees. In the October meeting of the Cherokee General Council (comprising all members of the Nation able to attend), a federal representative presented this treaty for consideration. John Ross condemned the treaty. The Ridges and the Waties left the Council, and they and other treaty advocates began holding their own council meetings. Division of the Cherokee Nation East A division developed between Ross supporters (the "National Party") advocating resistance, and the Ridge supporters (the "Treaty Party"), who advocated negotiation to secure the best terms possible for the removal, which they considered inevitable, and later protection of Cherokee rights. The Treaty Party included John Ridge, Major Ridge, Elias Boudinot, David Watie, Stand Watie, Andrew Ross, Willam Coody (Ross's nephew), William Hicks (Ross's cousin), John Walker Jr., John Fields, John Gunter, David Vann, Charles Vann, Alexander McCoy, W. A. Davis, James A. Bell, Samuel Bell, John West, Ezekiel West, Archilla Smith, and James Starr. Eventually tensions grew to the point that several Treaty advocates, most notably John Walker Jr., were assassinated. In July 1835, hundreds of Cherokee, from both the Treaty Party and the National Party (including John Ross), converged on John Ridge’s plantation, Running Waters (near Calhoun, Georgia). There they met with John F. Schermerhorn, President Jackson's envoy for a removal treaty, Return J. Meigs, Jr., the Commissioner for Indian Affairs, and other U.S. officials. In October 1835, the General Council rejected the proposed treaty, but appointed a committee to go to Washington to negotiate a better treaty. The committee included John Ross, and also treaty advocates John Ridge, Charles Vann, and Elias Boudinot (later replaced by Stand Watie). They were authorized to make a removal treaty, with the stipulation that the Cherokees would receive more than $5,000,000 in compensation and assistance. Schermerhorn, who was present at the meeting, advocated a meeting at New Echota, the Cherokee capital. The National Council approved a delegation to meet there. Both delegations (U.S. and Cherokee) were specifically charged with negotiating a removal treaty. New Echota Meeting and Final Treaty 100 to 500 men converged on the Cherokee capital in December 1835, almost exclusively from the Upper and Lower Towns. (Heavy snow in the western North Carolina mountains made it nearly impossible for those from the Hill and Valley Towns to travel.) After a week of negotiations, Schermerhorn proposed that in exchange for all Cherokee land east of the Mississippi River, the Cherokees would receive $5,000,000 from the U.S. (to be distributed per capita to all members of the tribe), an additional $500,000 for educational funds, title in perpetuity to land in Indian Territory equal to that given up, and full compensation for all property left behind. (By contrast, the entire Louisiana Territory was purchased from Napoleon for just over $23,000,000.) The treaty included a clause to allow all Cherokees who so desired to remain and become citizens of the states in which they resided, on individual allotments of of land. With that clause, it was unanimously approved by the contingent at New Echota, then signed by the negotiating committee of twenty, but that clause later was struck out by President Jackson. The committee reported the results to the full Council gathered at New Echota, which approved the treaty unanimously. In a lengthy preamble, the Ridge party laid out its claims to legitimacy, based on its willingness to negotiate in good faith the sort of removal terms for which Ross had expressed support. The treaty was signed by Major Ridge, Elias Boudinot, James Foster, Testaesky, Charles Moore, George Chambers, Tahyeske, Archilla Smith, Andrew Ross, William Lassley, Caetehee, Tegaheske, Robert Rogers, John Gunter, John A. Bell, Charles Foreman, William Rogers, George W. Adair, James Starr, and Jesse Halfbreed. After Schermerhorn returned to Washington with the signed treaty, John Ridge and Stand Watie added their names. The treaty was concluded at New Echota, Georgia on the 29th of December, 1835 and signed on the 1st of March, 1836. Ratification After news of the treaty became public, the officials of the Cherokee Nation from the National Party representing the large majority of Cherokee objected that they had not approved it and that the document was invalid. John Ross and the Cherokee National Council begged the Senate not to ratify the treaty (and thereby invalidate it) due to it not being negotiated by the legal representatives of the Cherokee Nation. But the Senate passed the measure in May 1836 by a single vote. Ross drew up a petition asking Congress to void the treaty—a petition which he personally delivered to Congress in the spring of 1838 with almost 16,000 signatures attached. This was nearly as many persons as the Cherokee Nation East had within its territory, according to the 1835 Henderson Roll, including women and children, who had no vote. Enforcement Ross's petition was ignored by President Martin Van Buren, who directed General Winfield Scott to forcibly move all those Cherokee who had not yet complied with the treaty and moved west. The Cherokee people were almost entirely removed west of the Mississippi (except for the Oconaluftee Cherokee in North Carolina, the Nantahala Cherokee who joined them, and two or three hundred married to whites). That summer (1839) a council to effect a union between the Old Settlers and the Late Immigrants convened at Double Springs in Indian Territory. It broke up sixteen days later without having reached an agreement when John Brown, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation–West, became frustrated with Ross's intransigence. The latter insisted that the Old Settlers accept him as Principal Chief over the united Nation without an election and recognize his absolute authority. Ross was easily elected in the following elections. Ross’s partisans blamed Brown’s actions on the Treaty Party, particularly those, such as the Ridge and Watie families, who had emigrated prior to the forced removal. They had settled with the Old Settlers. A group of these men targeted members of the Ridge faction for assassination, to enforce the Cherokee law (written by Major Ridge) making it a capital crime for any Cherokee to cede national land for private profit. There is no evidence, however, that John Ross supported or knew of their plans. The list of targets included Major Ridge, John Ridge, Elias Boudinot, Stand Watie, John A. Bell, James Starr, George Adair, and others. (Notably absent from the list were Treaty Party leaders David Vann, Charles Vann, John Gunter, Charles Foreman, William Hicks, and Andrew Ross. William Hicks died sometime before or in the year 1837. His death was before removal took place.) On 22 June 1839, teams ranging up to twenty-five in number converged on the houses of John Ridge, Major Ridge, and Elias Boudinot, and murdered them; their attempt on Stand Watie was unsuccessful. They did not attack any others, but the assassinations marked the beginning of the Cherokee Civil War; it continued until after the American Civil War. James Starr was also killed during this period. The Ross partisans forced the Old Settlers to give up their established political system and accept the majority vote and John Ross's authority. Ridge Party families fled Oklahoma and found refuge in what was then Nacogdoches County, Texas (in the area that later became known as the Mount Tabor Indian Community), near present-day Kilgore. Many of their descendants still live in the area along with the Thompson-McCoy Choctaws. Later developments In 2019, Cherokee Nation principal chief Chuck Hoskin Jr. cited a provision of the treaty that states that the Cherokee "shall be entitled to a delegate in the House of Representatives of the United States whenever Congress shall make provision for the same," in announcing that he intended to appoint, for the first time, a Congressional delegate from the Cherokee Nation. Pending a decision of the Cherokee National Council, Hoskin said he would nominate Kimberly Teehee, a member of the Cherokee Nation who formerly served as a policy advisor in the administration of President Barack Obama, to the post. See also Cherokee removal (Trail of Tears) Timeline of Cherokee removal Notes References Blankenship, Bob. Cherokee Roots, Volume 1: Eastern Cherokee Rolls. (Cherokee: Bob Blankenship, 1992). Contains the 1835 Henderson Roll of the Cherokee Nation East. Brown, John P. Old Frontiers: The Story of the Cherokee Indians from Earliest Times to the Date of Their Removal to the West, 1838. (Kingsport: Southern Publishers, 1938). Haywood, W.H. The Civil and Political History of the State of Tennessee from its Earliest Settlement up to the Year 1796. (Nashville: Methodist Episcopal Publishing House, 1891). "Just Another Savage" (pseud). Jesus Wept: An American Story, of Struggle, Sacrifice, Faith and Hope. (USA: 2009) Klink, Karl, and Talman, James, ed. The Journal of Major John Norton. (Toronto: Champlain Society, 1970). McLoughlin, William G. Cherokee Renascence in the New Republic. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992). Mooney, James. Myths of the Cherokee and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee. (Nashville: Charles and Randy Elder-Booksellers, 1982). Moore, John Trotwood and Foster, Austin P. Tennessee, The Volunteer State, 1769–1923, Vol. 1. (Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1923). Starr, Emmet. History of the Cherokee Indians. Fayetteville: Indian Heritage Assn., 1967). Wardell, Morris L. A Political History of the Cherokee Nation, 1838–1907. Reprint, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1977. Wilkins, Thurman. Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People. New York: Macmillan Company, 1970. External links The text of the treaty Chieftains historical marker Category:1835 in the United States Category:Cherokee Nation (1794–1907) New Echota Category:Treaties involving territorial changes Category:1836 treaties Category:Trail of Tears Category:December 1835 events	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2004–05 Minnesota Timberwolves season The 2004–05 NBA season was the Minnesota Timberwolves’ 16th season competing in the National Basketball Association. After appearing in the Conference Finals the previous season, the Timberwolves played around .500 for the first half of the season. However, the team began to struggle further into the season, losing six straight games between January and February, slipping below .500. After a 25–26 start, longtime head coach Flip Saunders was fired and replaced with General Manager Kevin McHale for the remainder of the season. The Timberwolves improved under McHale’s management ent, but finished the season in third position in the Northwest Division. With a 44–38 regular season record, they missed the playoffs for the first time since 1996. Kevin Garnett led the team in scoring, rebounding and assists, as he was selected for the 2005 NBA All-Star Game. Following the season, Latrell Sprewell retired after turning down a contact extension, Sam Cassell was traded to the Los Angeles Clippers, and McHale was fired as coach. Draft picks Roster Regular season Season standings Record vs. opponents Game log Player statistics Awards and records Kevin Garnett, NBA All-Defensive First Team References Category:Minnesota Timberwolves seasons Category:2004 in sports in Minnesota Category:2005 in sports in Minnesota Monnesota	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Samuel Purchas Not to be confused with Samuel Purchas (d. c. 1658), author of A Theatre of Political Flying-Insects. Samuel Purchas (1577? – 1626), an English cleric, published several volumes of reports by travellers to foreign countries. Career Purchas was born at Thaxted, Essex son of an English yeoman. He graduated from St John's College, Cambridge, in 1600. In 1604 James I presented him to the vicarage of St. Laurence and All Saints, in Eastwood, Essex. Eastwood is two miles from Leigh-on-Sea, which was then a prosperous shipping centre and a congregational place of seafaring men. Purchas himself never travelled "200 miles from Thaxted in Essex where I was borne." Instead, he recorded personal narratives shared with him by the sailors, who returned to England from their voyages. He added these accounts to a vast compilation of unsorted manuscripts, which were left to him by Richard Hakluyt and were later published as Purchas's third – and final – book. In 1614, Purchas became chaplain to Archbishop George Abbot and rector of St Martin, Ludgate, London. He held a Bachelor of Divinity degree, and with this degree was admitted at Oxford University in 1615. In 1614 he published Purchas His Pilgrimage: or Relations of the World and the Religions observed in all Ages and Places discovered, from the Creation unto this Present. In this work, intended as an overview of the diversity of God's creation from an Anglican world-view, he presented several abbreviated travel stories he would later publish in full. The book achieved immediate popularity and went through four editions between 1613 and 1626, the year of Purchas's death. His second book, Purchas his Pilgrim or Microcosmus, or the Historie of Man. Relating the Wonders of his Generation, Vanities in his Degeneration, Necessities of his Regenerations, was published in 1619. In 1625 Purchas published Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas his Pilgrimes, a massive four-volume collection of travel stories that can be seen as a continuation of Richard Hakluyt's Principal Navigations and was partly based on manuscripts left by Hakluyt, who had died in 1616. Although the work is not methodically organized, it may be thematically divided into four volumes: Volume I explores ancient kings, beginning with Solomon, and records stories of circumnavigation around the African coast to the East Indies, China, and Japan. Volume II is dedicated to Africa, Palestine, Persia, and Arabia. Volume III provides history of the North-East and North-West passages and summaries of travels to Tartary, Russia, and China. Volume IV deals with America and the West Indies. The fourth edition of the Pilgrimage (published in 1626) is usually catalogued as the fifth volume of the Pilgrimes, but the two works are essentially distinct. Purchas himself said of the two volumes: These brethren, holding much resemblance in name, nature and feature, yet differ in both the object and the subject. This [i.e. the Pilgrimage] being mine own in matter, though borrowed, and in form of words and method; whereas my Pilgrimes are the authors themselves. acting their own parts in their own words, only furnished by me with such necessities as that stage further required, and ordered according to my rules. Purchas died in September or October 1626, according to some in a debtors' prison, nearly ruined by the expenses of his encyclopedic labor. Others believe the patronage of Dr. King, Bishop of London, which provided him with the Rectory of St Martin, Ludgate, and made him Chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, relieved him from his financial troubles. In addition, his move to London allowed Purchas to expand his research. None of his works was reprinted till the Glasgow reissue of the Pilgrimes in 1905–1907. As an editor and compiler Purchas was often injudicious, careless and even unfaithful; but his collections contain much value and are frequently the only sources of information upon important questions affecting the history of exploration. His editorial decisions as well as the commentary he added can be understood from his basic goal: to edify and educate the reader about the world, foreign culture, and morality. This should be contrasted with Hakluyt's goal of inspiring and interesting the nation in pursuing the project of exploration. Purchas his Pilgrimes became one of the sources of inspiration for the poem Kubla Khan by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. As a note to Coleridge's poem explains, "In the summer of the year 1797, the Author, then in ill health, had retired to a lonely farm-house between Porlock and Linton, on the Exmoor confines of Somerset and Devonshire. In consequence of a slight indisposition, an anodyne had been prescribed, from the effects of which he fell asleep in his chair at the moment that he was reading the following sentence, or words of the same substance, in Purchas's Pilgrimes: “In Xaindu did Cublai Can build a stately palace, encompassing sixteen miles of plaine ground with a wall, wherein are fertile meddowes, pleasant springs, delightful streams, and all sorts of beasts of chase and game, and in the middest thereof a sumptuous house of pleasure.” Writings Purchas, his Pilgrimage; or, Relations of the World and the Religions observed in all Ages, (1614) Purchas, his Pilgrim. Microcosmus, or the historie of Man. Relating the wonders of his Generation, vanities in his Degeneration, Necessity of his Regeneration, (1619) Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas his Pilgrimes, contayning a History of the World in Sea Voyages and Lande Travells, by Englishmen and others (4 vols.), (1625). Reprinted in 1905-1907 in 20 volumes. References Citations Sources External links Purchas his Pilgrimes, digital images of all four volumes, Library of Congress Category:1570s births Category:1626 deaths Category:People from Thaxted Category:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Category:English travel writers Category:16th-century English writers Category:16th-century male writers Category:17th-century English writers Category:17th-century male writers Category:17th-century English Anglican priests	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Oblivion (Hastang song) "Oblivion" is a song by the Cebuano rock band Hastang. The song's lyrics was written by Julie Ann Ladanan (née Redoble), with the melody and music written by lead singer Tessa Manto and bass player Guile Canencia. The musical arrangement of the song is credited to Hastang. Music video The music video for "Oblivion" is conceptualized and directed by Rember Gelera. The video features all the band members performing in an old, run-house. The music video debuted in MYX on February 3, 2007. References lights, camera ... (http). Blog.hastang.com. Retrieved on February 5, 2007. Hastang to shoot 'Oblivion' video (http). IndieCultureonline.com. Retrieved on March 31, 2008. External links Official Site Official Blog Category:Hastang songs	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
John Rolt (British Army officer) Lieutenant General Sir John Rolt KCB, GCH ( – 8 November 1856) was a British Army officer who became colonel of the 2nd (The Queen's Royal) Regiment of Foot. Military career Rolt was commissioned as an ensign in the 58th Regiment of Foot on 1 March 1800. He was wounded during the Egyptian Campaign in 1801. He took part in the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo in January 1812 and the Battle of Badajoz in March 1812 during the Peninsular War, later receiving the Army Gold Cross for Corunna, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes and Toulouse, and the Military General Service Medal with clasps for Egypt, Busaco and Pyrenees. Rolt became commanding officer of the 2nd Regiment of Foot in 1823 and went on to be colonel of the regiment on 29 August 1853. References Category:1780s births Category:1856 deaths Category:Date of birth unknown Category:British Army generals Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Márton Endrédi Márton Endrédi was a Hungarian fencer. He competed in the individual masters sabre, foil and épée events at the 1900 Summer Olympics. References Category:Year of birth missing Category:Year of death missing Category:Hungarian male fencers Category:Olympic fencers of Hungary Category:Fencers at the 1900 Summer Olympics	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Acerentulus apuliacus Acerentulus apuliacus is a species of proturan in the family Acerentomidae. It is found in Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China). References Further reading Category:Protura Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Animals described in 1988	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Zach Miller Zach Miller may refer to: Zach Miller (tight end, born 1984), NFL tight end for the Jacksonville Jaguars, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Chicago Bears Zach Miller (tight end, born 1985), former NFL tight end for the Oakland Raiders and Seattle Seahawks	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tourdun Tourdun is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France. Geography Population See also Communes of the Gers department References INSEE Category:Communes of Gers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Piyapan Choopetch Piyapan Choopetch () is a Thai film director and screenwriter. His films include Necromancer and Vow of Death. Filmography Director Necromancer (Jom kha mung wej) (2005) Vow of Death (Phii mai jim fun) (2007) My Ex (Fan kao) (2009) My Ex 2 : Haunted Lover (Fan mai) (2010) Screenwriter Necromancer (Jom kha mung wej) (2005) (co-written with Kittikorn Liasirikun) External links Category:Thai film directors Category:Thai screenwriters Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Gastrinoma A gastrinoma is a tumor derived from G cells in the duodenum, pancreas or less commonly stomach, that secretes the peptide hormone gastrin. There is hypersecretion of HCl acid into the duodenum, which causes the ulcers. Excessive HCl acid production also causes hyperperistalsis, and inhibits the activity of lipase, causing severe diarrhea. It is frequently the source of the gastrin in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. A gastrinoma in the pancreas has a greater potential for malignancy. Most gastrinomas are found in the gastrinoma triangle; this is bound by the junction of cystic and common bile ducts, junction of the second and third parts of the duodenum, and the junction of the neck and body of the pancreas. Signs and symptoms Gastrinoma causes the following symptoms: Hypergastrinemia Ulcers of the duodenum, stomach, and small intestine. Severe diarrhea. Generalized cancer symptoms. Diagnosis Fasting serum gastrin In case of moderate hypergastrinemia, a secretin stimulation test can help in the diagnosis Localization by somatostatin scintigraphy Treatment Treatment can involve surgery or proton pump inhibitors. See also Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 References External links Emedicine Category:Endocrine neoplasia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2019 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification Group 2 Group 2 of the 2019 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifying competition consists of six teams: Spain, Slovakia, Iceland, Albania, Estonia, and Northern Ireland. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 26 January 2017, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking. The group is played in home-and-away round-robin format between 8 June 2017 and 16 October 2018. The group winners qualify directly for the final tournament, while the runners-up advance to the play-offs if they are one of the four best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team). Standings Matches Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses). Goalscorers Notes References External links Under-21 Standings: 2017–19 qualifying, UEFA.com Group 2	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Giełczew, Świdnik County Giełczew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piaski, within Świdnik County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. The village has a population of 170. Notes Category:Villages in Świdnik County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Orwell Estuary Orwell Estuary is a 1,335.7 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches along the River Orwell and its banks between Felixstowe and Ipswich in Suffolk. It is part of the Stour and Orwell Estuaries Ramsar site internationally important wetland site and Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. It is also in the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The estuary is described by Natural England as of national importance for its breeding avocets, its other breeding and wintering birds, its vascular plants and its intertidal mud habitats. It also has a rich and diverse assemblage of invertebrates and a nationally important community of algae. References Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Suffolk Category:Ramsar sites in England	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Margaret Wagar Margaret Wagar (April 6, 1902 – January 6, 1990) was an American bridge player from Delaware, Ohio and Atlanta, Georgia. The premier American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) annual championship for women teams since 1976 is the Wagar Women's Knockout Teams, named for Wagar. Previously it was the Women's Board-a-Match Teams, which she won six times including four in a row from 1943 to 1946 with identical teammates Emily Folline, Helen Sobel, and Sally Young. Her teams also finished second or tied for second ten times in 15 years from 1950 to 1964! Wagar also won the premier championship for women pairs four years in a row with Kay Rhodes, the 1955 to 1958 Whitehead Women's Pairs tournaments (and were partners on the runner-up women team seven years in a row from 1952 to 1958). She and Sobel won the Fall National Open Pairs in 1947 and 1948; she and John Crawford won the Rockwell Mixed Pairs in 1948 and 1949. (The Fall National was one of several "national championships" for open pairs; the Rockwell was and is the major championship for mixed pairs.) Olive Peterson and Wagar became ACBL Life Masters number 36 and 37 in 1943, the fourth and fifth women to achieve the rank after Sally Young, Helen Sobel, and Peggy Solomon. They had been the two women on the 1942 champion mixed team. Wagar retired from bridge competition in 1978. She had lived in Atlanta most of her life and she was honored by Atlanta bridge players on August 31, 1982. At that time Alan Truscott (New York Times bridge columnist and continuing editor of The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge) credited her with 27 "national titles", which he believed to be the greatest number for any living woman. In a column three months after her 1990 death, however, he credited her with 24—with comment only that they included two of "the prestigious Spingold Knockout Teams". Wagar was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame in 1999. As a competitive bridge player at least during the 1940s she was sometimes covered under the names Mrs. Margaret W. Wagar and Mrs. Wilkinson Wagar of Atlanta. In one 1944 society column of The Atlanta Constitution, "Margaret (Mrs. Wilkinson) Wagar" appears in two of the three items. Bridge accomplishments Honors ACBL Hall of Fame, 1999 Wins North American Bridge Championships (26) Rockwell Mixed Pairs (2) 1948, 1949 Whitehead Women's Pairs (5) 1944, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958 Hilliard Mixed Pairs (2) 1933, 1945 Open Pairs (1928-1962) (2) 1947, 1948 Smith Life Master Women's Pairs (1) 1962 Wagar Women's Knockout Teams (6) 1940, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1967 Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match (5) 1942, 1945, 1948, 1954, 1964 Reisinger (1) 1941 Spingold (2) 1946, 1948 Runners-up North American Bridge Championships von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs (1) 1943 Rockwell Mixed Pairs (1) 1947 Whitehead Women's Pairs (1) 1945 Wagar Women's Knockout Teams (10) 1950, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1963, 1964 Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match (5) 1933, 1944, 1949, 1950, 1962 References External links Category:1902 births Category:1990 deaths Category:American contract bridge players Category:People from Delaware, Ohio Category:People from Atlanta Category:Place of birth missing Category:Place of death missing	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Colin Lankshear Colin Lankshear is Adjunct Professor at James Cook University, Mount St Vincent University and McGill University. He is an internationally acclaimed scholar in the study of new literacies and digital technologies (cf., Lankshear 1987; Lankshear 1997; Lankshear & Snyder, 2000; Lankshear & Knobel, 2003; Lankshear & Knobel 2006; Knobel & Lankshear, 2007; Coiro, Knobel, Lankshear & Leu, 2008; Lankshear & Knobel, 2008). Between 1976 and 1992 he worked at University of Auckland, before taking up a research director position at Queensland University of Technology from 1993-1998. In 1999 he moved to Mexico doing freelance work at distance for Central Queensland University. Between 2001 and 2004 he was a part-time Professorial Research Fellow at the University of Ballarat. Between 2005 and 2008 he was a Visiting Scholar at McGill University. He is currently working at Mount Saint Vincent University as a consultant postgraduate studies professor. He specializes in language and literacy research, with a particular interest in new literacies associated with the explosion of the internet. He was originally trained as an educational philosopher with interests in political and moral philosophy. His doctoral thesis looked at freedom in education. In the course of his doctoral studies he became interested in a conception of freedom as liberation developed by the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire. This interest evolved into his first book on literacy (Lankshear 1987), which explored reading and writing in relation to schooling and revolutionary change. In the 1990s, Lankshear collaborated with James Paul Gee and Glynda Hull to develop an account of literacy and fast capitalism within "the new work order." Lankshear's other academic interests include the nature and conduct of teacher research (Lankshear & Knobel, 2004). His work has been translated into several languages. References Coiro, J., Knobel, M., Lankshear, C. and Leu, D. (eds) (2008). The Handbook of Research on New Literacies. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Knobel, M. and Lankshear, C. (eds) (2007). A New Literacies Sampler. New York: Peter Lang. Lankshear, C. (1987/1989). Literacy, Schooling and Revolution. London: Falmer Press. Lankshear, C. (1997). Changing Literacies. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press. Lankshear, C. and Knobel, M. (2003). New Literacies: Changing Knowledge and Classroom Practice. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press. Lankshear, C. and Knobel, M. (2004). A Handbook for Teacher Research: From design to Implementation. Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press. Lankshear, C. and Knobel, M. (eds.) (2008). Digital Literacies: Concepts, Policies and Practices. New York: Peter Lang. Lankshear, C. and Knobel, M. (2006). New Literacies: Everyday Practices and Classroom Learning (second edition). Maidenhead and New York: Open University Press. Lankshear, C. and Snyder, I. (2000). Teachers and Technoliteracy. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. Gee, J. et al. (1997). The New Work Order: Behind the Language of the New Capitalism. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. External links Colin Lankshear's blog with Michele Knobel at http://everydayliteracies.blogspot.com/ Colin Lankshear's articles and book links at http://everydayliteracies.net Category:Living people Category:Australian educational theorists Category:James Cook University faculty Category:Federation University Australia faculty Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Nanda Deepa Nanda Deepa () is a 1963 Indian Kannada romantic drama film, directed by M. R. Vittal, making his first venture in film direction. The film was produced and written by actor Vadiraj and co-produced by Jawahar for "Sri Bharathi Chitra" studio house. The film stars Rajkumar and Harini in the lead roles, along with Leelavathi and Udaykumar playing other pivotal roles. The film, upon release garnered wide appreciation and recognition and won the prestigious National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada at the 10th National Film Awards. Cast Rajkumar Udaykumar Harini Leelavathi K. S. Ashwath Sorat Ashwath Narasimharaju Vadiraj Ganapathi Bhat Hanumanthachar Balakrishna in a guest appearance Soundtrack The music was composed by M. Venkataraju, with lyrics by Sorat Ashwath. All the songs composed for the film were received extremely well and considered as evergreen songs. Awards 10th National Film Awards Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film References External links Category:1963 films Category:Indian films Category:1960s Kannada-language films Category:1960s romantic drama films Category:Indian romantic drama films Category:Indian black-and-white films Category:Directorial debut films Category:Films scored by M. Venkataraju Category:Best Kannada Feature Film National Film Award winners	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
First You Get the Sugar First You Get the Sugar is a Canadian four-piece rock band based in Montreal, Quebec, consisting of Adam Kagan (guitar and vocals), Mick Mendelsohn (bass and vocals), Dan Moscovitch (drums) and Alex Silver (guitar and vocals). The band's musical style has been described as a mix of "post-punk, new wave, classic rock, 1960s pop and 1970s soul/funk." In January 2012, The Gazette'''s 2012 Montreal Music Preview described them as "danceable, giddily hooky...[and] going places." History The band began in 2007 as a combination of Kagan's and Mendelsohn's former bands. The name was chosen as a reference to a quotation from the "Lisa's Rival" episode of the American animated sitcom television series The Simpsons, in which the quotation itself is a homage to the American crime film Scarface (1983).Margot (March 24, 2011). "Call & Response: First You Get The Sugar". Midnight Poutine. Retrieved February 8, 2013. They recorded their self-produced, self-titled debut album independently in 2009 to 2010 in Montreal, and had the album mastered at Masterdisk in New York City, New York. The album was released in May 2011.Staff (July 2, 2011). "Buttery Canadian Pop" . Converse. Retrieved February 8, 2013. In December 2011, the band was selected to record at Converse's Rubber Tracks recording studio in Brooklyn, New York, where they recorded three songs in a 16-hour recording and mixing session with Grammy Award-winning engineer Geoff Sanoff.Staff (undated). "Geoff Sanoff". Just Managing: Producer Management. Retrieved February 8, 2013. While at the studio, the band was interviewed by CNN and MTV. The first track, "Pearson", was released in January 2012. The band was interviewed on CBC Radio and given a feature article in The Gazette in January 2012, which described the track as "pretty and propulsive," and remarked that "if McCartney suddenly finds he's missing a song, he'd be wise to look here." In March 2012, the band played in the Canadian Music Week festival in Toronto, Ontario, to positive reviews. They debuted the second song from the Rubber Tracks sessions, "Hannah", on Montreal radio station CHOM-FM (97.7) on March 29, 2012, and released the song later that week to more radio play on the station. In October 2014, the band released the song "Foreign Lands" and its accompanying video, which was chosen as the "Big Shiny New Song of the Week" by CHOM-FM. The band played New York's CMJ music festival on October 23, followed by the release of the full Foreign Lands EP on October 28, 2014. It was described as a "major leap forward in their sound" and as having a "classic rock foundation with a modern indie rock twist." Bloody Underrated(October 8, 2014). "BUMP: FIRST YOU GET THE SUGAR’S FOREIGN LANDS". Bloody Underrated. Retrieved October 28, 2014. Members Adam Kagan Mick Mendelsohn Dan Moscovitch Alex Silver Discography Albums First You Get the Sugar (self-released, 2011) Foreign Lands'' (self-released EP, October 2014) Singles "Tell Your Mama"/"Sabre Rattlin'" (self-released, 2011) "Pearson" (self-released, 2012) "Hannah" (self-released, 2012) "Foreign Lands" (self-released, 2014) See also List of alternative rock bands List of indie rock musicians List of Montreal music groups Music of Quebec References External links , the band's official website CNN Interview. Category:2007 establishments in Quebec Category:Canadian indie rock groups Category:Musical groups established in 2007 Category:Musical groups from Montreal Category:Musical quartets Category:Canadian pop rock music groups	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Panucho A Panucho is a Mexican food specialty from the Yucatán made with a refried tortilla that is stuffed with refried black beans and topped with chopped cabbage, pulled chicken or turkey, tomato, pickled red onion, avocado, and pickled jalapeño pepper. Panuchos are mostly sold in the evenings when parties of friends or family go out to eat. Panuchos are served at fast food restaurants called panucherias which also serve salbutes, tostadas, tortas, and caldos. Panuchos are fried and topped to order and often served with soda drink. References Category:Mexican cuisine Category:Tortilla-based dishes	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Margarita de Mayo Izarra Margarita de Mayo Izarra (20 July 1889 – 1969) was a Spanish writer, teacher, and journalist. Professional career Margarita de Mayo, after obtaining the title of teacher of Primary Higher Education, taught at a graduate school for girls in Valdepeñas from 1914 to 1918. Beginning in mid-1918 she worked at the secretariat of the (JAE), being responsible, from the end of that year until 1924, for teaching in the preparatory section at the . In 1921 she began to study, thanks to scholarships granted to her, in Great Britain, where she obtained a place at King's College for Women in London. In 1924 Mayo was named a pensioner of the JAE to attend Vassar College in New York, where she ended up being a permanent member of the Spanish Department until she retired in 1956. She also worked for a time as an instructor at the University of Illinois. Of her work, her journalistic side is the best known. Her beginnings as a journalist took place in the 1930s, when she began to publish in the provincial and limited circulation press, such as El Bien Público, a monarchic newspaper of Mahón, and La Correspondencia Militar, Madrid Científico, and of Madrid. She sometimes signed her articles as M. de Mayo Izarra, and in them she tried to familiarize Spanish readers with American cities such as New York and the American way of life. Works Lluvia de Hijos: farsa cómica en tres actos (1915) Nuestros prosistas y poetas, Burgos Galdós (selección de textos por Margarita de Mayo), 1922 Tradiciones y leyendas de Toledo, Burgos "Planes de trabajo" para la JAE, París, 1925 Obras de Benito Pérez Galdós (edición literaria a cargo de Margarita de Mayo), 1935 References Category:1889 births Category:1969 deaths Category:Alumni of Queen Elizabeth College Category:People from the Province of Toledo Category:Spanish expatriates in the United States Category:Spanish journalists Category:Spanish schoolteachers Category:Spanish women journalists Category:University of Illinois faculty Category:Vassar College faculty	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Polysomy Polysomy is a condition found in many species, including fungi, plants, insects, and mammals, in which an organism has at least one more chromosome than normal, i.e., there may be three or more copies of the chromosome rather than the expected two copies. Most eukaryotic species are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes, whereas prokaryotes are haploid, containing a single chromosome in each cell. Aneuploids possess chromosome numbers that are not exact multiples of the haploid number and polysomy is a type of aneuploidy. A karyotype is the set of chromosomes in an organism and the suffix -somy is used to name aneuploid karyotypes. This is not to be confused with the suffix -ploidy, referring to the number of complete sets of chromosomes. Polysomy is usually caused by non-disjunction (the failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes to separate) during meiosis, but may also be due to a translocation mutation (a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes). Polysomy is found in many diseases, including Down syndrome in humans where affected individuals possess three copies (trisomy) of chromosome 21. Polysomic inheritance occurs during meiosis when chiasmata form between more than two homologous partners, producing multivalent chromosomes. Autopolyploids may show polysomic inheritance of all the linkage groups, and their fertility may be reduced due to unbalanced chromosome numbers in the gametes. In tetrasomic inheritance, four copies of a linkage group rather than two (tetrasomy) assort two-by-two. Types Polysomy types are categorized based on the number of extra chromosomes in each set, noted as a diploid (2n) with an extra chromosome of various numbers. For example, a polysomy with three chromosomes is called a trisomy, a polysomy with four chromosomes is called tetrasomy, etc.: In mammals In canines Polysomy plays a role in canine leukemia, hemangiopericytomas, and thyroid tumors. Abnormalities of chromosome 13 have been observed in canine osteoid chondrosarcoma and lymphosarcoma. Trisomy 13 in dogs with lymphosarcoma show a longer duration of first remission (medicine) and survival, responding well to treatments with chemotherapeutic agents. Polysomy of chromosome 13 (Polysomy 13) is significant in the development of prostate cancer and is often caused by centric fusions. Since canine chromosome 13 is similar to human chromosome 8q, research could provide insight to treatment for prostate cancer in humans. Polysomy of chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 25 are also frequently involved in canine tumors. Chromosome 1 may contain a gene responsible for tumor development and lead to changes in the karyotype, including fusion of the centromere, or centric fusions. Aneuploidy due to nondisjunction is a common feature in tumor cells. In humans Sex chromosomes Some of the most frequent genetic disorders are abnormalities of sex chromosomes, but polysomies rarely occur. 49,XXXXY chromosome polysomy occurs every 1 in 85,000 newborn males. The incidence of other X polysomies (48,XXXX, 48,XXXY, 48,XXYY) is more rare than 49,XXXXY. Polysomy Y (47,XYY; 48,XYYY; 48,XXYY; 49,XXYYY) occurs in 1 out of 975 males and may cause psychiatric, social, and somatic abnormalities. Polysomy X may cause mental and developmental retardation and physical malformation. Klinefelter syndrome is an example of human polysomy X with the karyotype 47, XXY. X chromosome polysomies can be inherited from either a single maternal (49, X polysomies) or paternal (48, X polysomies) X chromosome. Polysomy of sex chromosomes is caused by successive nondisjunctions in meiosis I and II. Chromosome 7 In squamous cell carcinoma, a protein from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is often overexpressed in conjunction with polysomy of chromosome 7, so chromosome 7 can be used to predict the presence of EGFR in squamous cell carcinoma. In colorectal cancer, EGFR expression is decreased with polysomy 7, which makes polysomy 7 easier to detect and could be used to prevent patients from having unnecessary cancer treatment. Chromosome 8 Tetrasomy and hexasomy 8 are rare compared to trisomy 8, which is the most common karyotypic finding in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). AML, MDS, or myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) with a high incidence of secondary diseases and a six-month survival rate are associated with a polysomy 8 syndrome. Chromosome 17 Overexpression of the HER2/neu gene on chromosome 17 and some type of polysomy has been reported in 8-68% of breast carcinomas. If theHER-2/neu gene does not amplify in the case of polysomy, proteins may be overexpressed and could lead to tumerogenesis. Polysomy 17 may complicate the interpretation of HER2 testing results in cancer patients. Chromosome 17 polysomy may not be present when the centromere is amplified, so it was later discovered that polysomy 17 is rare. This was discovered using array comparative genomic hybridization, a DNA-based alternative for clinical evaluation of HER2 gene copy number. Trisomy 21 Trisomy 21 is a form of Down syndrome that occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. The result is a genetic condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. During egg or sperm development the 21st chromosome does not separate during either the egg or sperm development. The end result is a cell that has 24 chromosomes. This extra chromosome may cause problems with the manner in which the body and brain develop. Tetrasomy 9p Tetrasomy 9p is a rare condition in which people have a small extra chromosome that contains two copies of part of chromosome 9, in addition to having two normal chromosome 9's as well. This condition may be diagnosed by analyzing a person's blood sample since 9p is found in high concentrations in the blood. Ultrasound is another tool that may be utilized to identify tetrasomy 9p in infants prior to birth. Prenatal ultrasound may reveal several common characteristics including: growth restriction, ventriculomegaly, cleft lip or palate, and renal anomalies. Tetrasomy 18p Tetrasomy 18p occurs when the short arm of the 18th chromosome appears four times, rather than twice, in the cells of the body. It is considered to be a rare disease and usually is not inherited. The mechanism of 18p formation appears to be the result of two independent events: centromeric misdivision and nondisjunction. Characteristic features of tetrasomy 18p include, but are not limited to: growth retardation, scoliosis, abnormal brain MRI, developmental delays, and strabismus. In insects Germ line polysomy in the grasshopper Germ line cells develop into eggs and sperm and the associated inherited material can be passed down to future generations. As shown in the associated karyotype image, chromosomes 1–22 are grouped A-G. A population of male grasshoppers (Chorthippus binotatus) from the Sierra Nevada (Spain) are polysomic mosaics (coming from cells of two genetically different types) possessing an extra E group chromosome(chromosomes 16, 17 & 18) in their testicles. Parents that exhibited polysomy did not pass the E chromosome abnormality to any of the offspring, so this is not something that is passed down to future generations. Male grasshoppers (Atractomorpha similis) from Australia carry between one and ten extra copies of chromosome A9, with one being the most common in natural populations. Most polysomic males produce normal sperm. However, polysomy can be transmissible through both the male and female parents through nondisjunction. Heterochromatic polysomy in the cricket Heterochromatin contains a small number of genes and densely staining nodules in or along chromosomes. The mole cricket chromosome number varies between 19 and 23 chromosomes depending on the part of the world in which they are located, including Jerusalem, Palestine, and Europe. Heterochromic polysomy is seen in mole crickets with 23 chromosomes and may be a factor contributing to their evolution, specifically within the species Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, along with various living environments and mating systems. X-chromosome polysomy in the fruit fly In the fruit fly, Drosophila, one X chromosome in the male is almost the same as two X chromosomes in the female in terms of the gene product produced. Despite this, metafemales, or females having three X chromosomes, are unlikely to survive. It is possible that the extra X chromosome decreases gene expression and could explain why the metafemales rarely survive this X-chromosome polysomy. In plants A karyotype rearrangement of individual chromosomes takes place when polysomy in plants in observed. The mechanism of this type of rearrangement is "non-disjunction, mis-segregation in diploids or polyploids; mis-segregation from multivalents in interchange heterozygotes." Incidences of polysomy have been identified in many species of plants, including: Ornithogalum umbellatum L. (Liliaceae) Conifers Cultivar R570 Brassica Euphrasia Paspalum dilatatum In fungi Few fungi have been researched so far, possibly due to the low number of chromosomes in fungi, as determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Polysomy of Chromosome 13 has been observed in the Flor strains of the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chromosome 13 contains loci, specifically the ADH2 and ADH3 loci, which encode for the isozymes of alcohol dehydrogenase. These isozymes play a primary role in the biological aging of wines via ethanol oxidative utilization. Polysomy of Chromosome 13 is promoted when there is disruption of the yeast RNA1 gene with LEU2 sequences. Diagnostic tools Fluorescent in situ hybridization Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a cytogenetic technique that has proven to be useful in the diagnosis of patients with polysomy. Conventional cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have been used to detect various polysomies, including the most common autosomies (trisomy 13, 18, 21) as well as polysomy X and Y. Testing for chromosomal aneuploidy with Fluorescence in situ hybridization may increase the sensitivity of cytology and improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis. The Cervical Cancer, TERC, Fluorescence in situ hybridization test, detects amplification of the human telomerase RNA component (TERC) gene and/or polysomy of chromosome 3. Spectral karyotyping Spectral karyotyping (SKY) looks at the entire karyotype by using fluorescent labels and assigning a particular color to each chromosome. SKY is usually performed after conventional cytogenic techniques have already detected an abnormal chromosome. FISH analysis is then used to confirm the identity of the chromosome. Giemsa banding (G-banded karyotyping) Karyotypes are commonly analyzed using Giemsa banding (G-banded karyotyping)). Each chromosome shows unique light and dark bands after they are denatured with trypsin and polysomies can be detected by counting the stained chromosomes. Several cells have to be analysed to detect mosaicism. Microarray analysis Submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities that are too small to be detected via other means of karyotyping, may be identified by chromosomal microarray analysis. There are several existing microarray techniques that may be utilized during the prenatal diagnosis phase, and these include SNP arrays and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). CGH is a DNA-based diagnostic tool that has been used to detect polysomy 17 in breast cancer. CGH was first used in 1992 by Kallionemi at UC San Francisco. When used in conjunction with ultrasound findings, microarray analysis may be instrumental in the clinical diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities. Prenatal diagnostic tests Prenatal and other diagnostic techniques such as immunocytochemistry (ICC) evaluation are usually followed by FISH or Polymerase Chain Reaction to detect chromosomal aneuploidies. Maternal blood sampling for fetal cells, often used to identify risk of trisomies 18 or 21, poses less risk as compared to amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling (CVS). Chorionic villus sampling utilizes placental tissue to give information about fetal chromosome status and has been used since the 1970s. In addition to CVS, amniocentesis can be used to obtain fetal karyotype by examining fetal cells in amniotic fluid. It was first performed in 1952 and became standard practice in the 1970s. The odds of having a child with polysomy increases as the age of the mother increases, so pregnant women over the age of 35 are tested. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis RFLPs can be used to determine the origin and mechanism involved with Polysomy X and other chromosome heteromorphisms or chromosomes that differ in size, shape, or staining properties. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at a specific site and the DNA fragments that are left are called restriction fragment length polymorphisms, or RFLPs. RFLP also aids in the identification of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene which is predictive of an adult-onset autosomal disorder called Huntington's disease (HD). Mutations in chromosome 4 are able to be visualized when RFLP is used in conjunction with Southern blot analysis. Flow cytometry Human lymphocyte cultures may be analyzed by flow cytometry to assess chromosomal abnormalities, such as polyploidy, hypodiploidy, and hyperdiploidy. Flow cytometers have the ability to analyze thousands of cells each second and are commonly used to isolate specific cell populations. See also B chromosome Chromosomal duplication Isochromosome Marker chromosome Polyploidy References Further reading Gardner, R. J. M., Grant R. Sutherland, and Lisa G. Shaffer. Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2012. Miller, Orlando J., and Eeva Therman. Human Chromosomes. New York: Springer, 2001. Schmid, M., and Indrajit Nanda. Chromosomes Today, Volume 14. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 2004. Nussbaum, Robert L., Roderick R. McInnes, Huntington F. Willard, Ada Hamosh, and Margaret W. Thompson. Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier, 2007. Category:Chromosomal abnormalities	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Danjou Danjou is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Félix Danjou (1812–1866), French organist, composer-arranger and organist Frédéric Danjou (born 1974), French footballer Isabelle Danjou (born 1969), French rower Jean Danjou (1828–1863), French military personnel of the Crimean War See also Quartier Captaine Danjou, is a barracks in Castelnaudary in France	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tsubasa Akimoto is a Japanese actress. External links JMDb profile (in Japanese) Category:1974 births Category:Living people Category:People from Itabashi Category:Actresses from Tokyo	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sir John Austin, 1st Baronet Sir John Austin, 1st Baronet (9 March 1824 – 30 March 1906) was a Liberal Party politician in England. At the 1886 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament for Osgoldcross in the West Riding of Yorkshire, defeating the sitting MP Sir John Ramsden, Bt. (a former Liberal who had joined the Liberal Unionist Party). Austin was re-elected in 1892 and 1895, but in 1899 he left the Liberal Party to sit as an "Independent Liberal". He then resigned his seat to seek approval of his change of allegiance, and won the resulting by-election. He was returned as an "Independent Liberal" in 1900, and stood down from the House of Commons at the 1906 general election. He was created a baronet of Red Hill, Yorkshire in 1894. References External links Category:1824 births Category:1906 deaths Category:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Category:UK MPs 1886–1892 Category:UK MPs 1892–1895 Category:UK MPs 1895–1900 Category:UK MPs 1900–1906 Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rewilding Institute The Rewilding Institute is an organization concerned with the integration of traditional wildlife and wildlands conservation to advance landscape-scale conservation. It was founded by environmental activist Dave Foreman. The Rewilding Institute's mission is to work toward the survival and flourishing of large carnivores in North America by promoting the establishment of suitable habitats in the wilderness, which are permanently interconnected as to allow their natural movement. They believe that humans and large carnivores can and should co-exist in North America. They wish to undo the damage done by over-hunting, over-logging, and exploitation of natural resources. Through continent-scale conservation efforts, they hope to prevent further extinctions of large predators, and to restore them to their function of maintaining the ecological balance of animal life in the wild. They have proposed reestablishing wild populations of wolves in interconnected, protected habitats, so that they can resume their ecological role. As part of their program, they have worked to get wildlife crossings included in interstate highway projects. References See also Rewilding Britain External links Rewilding website Category:Environmental organizations based in the United States Category:Rewilding	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ben Davis (art critic) Ben Davis is an art critic from the United States. He is known for his writing on politics, economics, and contemporary art, and is known for his book 9.5 Theses on Art and Class (2013). Career Davis was executive editor of the art news website Artinfo from 2010 to 2013, and before that associate editor of Artnet Magazine from 2005-2010. He is currently the National Art Critic for the art news website artnet News. As an independent writer, his work about art has appeared widely in publications including Adbusters, Frieze, New York, Slate, and The Village Voice. Davis was one of the editors of The Elements of Architecture, the catalogue for the 2014 Venice Architecture Biennale, curated by Rem Koolhaas. The New Yorker art critic Peter Schjeldahl has referred to Davis as “among excellent younger critics now.” 9.5 Theses on Art and Class (Pamphlet) In 2009, Davis wrote the pamphlet “9.5 Theses on Art and Class” as an intervention into the art show titled “#class” at Winkleman Gallery in New York, which promised to explore how artistic success is determined by economics. The discussion generated by the pamphlet drew notice in The New York Times, and was “one of the most talked about sessions” of the #class show, according to Sarah Thornton. “9.5 Theses on Art and Class” was later translated into Spanish and Romanian. 9.5 Theses on Art and Class (Book) 9.5 Theses on Art and Class, a collection of Davis’s essays including the title pamphlet, was published by Haymarket in 2013. Upon its publication, 9.5 Theses on Art and Class received positive notice in both the mainstream and art press. The Stranger concluded its review by saying, “We should hold town hall meetings on this book.” The Village Voice faulted Davis for “too readily” using Marxism as an explanatory model, but concluded, “On 9.5 Theses, the verdict is crystal: This is one helluva pamphlet.” 9.5 Theses on Art and Class was featured in New York magazine’s “Approval Matrix” on July 13, 2013, which called it a “riveting manifesto.” The book has been credited with “[bringing] the discussion of class, artists, and the art market center stage in a way that [goes] beyond fleeting auction reports and perpetual gallery gripes.” References External links Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers Category:American art critics Category:American male non-fiction writers Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Quiet Dell, West Virginia Quiet Dell is an unincorporated community in Harrison County, West Virginia, USA. Quiet Dell is located at the junction of Interstate 79 and West Virginia Route 20 southeast of Clarksburg. The community's name is descriptive. The Quiet Dell School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. In 1931, Quiet Dell was the scene of multiple murders committed by serial killer Harry Powers. Key retail businesses in Quiet Dell include the Adventure Grill (home of the giant yeti carving), the 7/11-BP and Exxon gas stations, Dollar General, and Stonewood Bulk Foods. Infocision has a significant call center located here. Several businesses related to the oil and gas industry are based within the community. Tourist attractions include the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Museum in the old school, and Primitives, a crafting coop. The historic Quiet Dell United Methodist Church, dating from 1896, is also located here. Quiet Dell is the birthplace of Hershel Woodrow "Woody" Williams (born October 2, 1923) a retired United States Marine Corps warrant officer and United States Department of Veterans Affairs veterans service representative who received the United States military's highest decoration for valor — the Medal of Honor — for heroism above and beyond the call of duty during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. The area is primarily single-family residential in nature on large lots. References Category:Unincorporated communities in Harrison County, West Virginia Category:Unincorporated communities in West Virginia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Al-Bathaa Al-Bathaa is a district in downtown Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and one of the oldest sections of the city. Although it has lost its influence and is gradually being replaced by new shopping districts, the area is still known as an area for cheap lodging and shopping. It is a place where many nationalities are present, especially nationalities of the Indian sub-continent and south east Asians. It has many types of wholesale and gold markets as well. There are many showrooms of leading watch and electronic brands in this area. Category:Riyadh Category:Populated places in Saudi Arabia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Wrist piercing A wrist piercing is a piercing through the surface of the wrist, first popularized by Jon Cobb in PFIQ. Wrist piercings are a type of surface piercing. They carry a high rate of rejection and migration, unless they are properly measured and placed. They may reject if they are not pierced properly, as they are in a part of the body that moves constantly and are easy to irritate, catching on clothing or other objects. People with wrist piercings are advised to put on short sleeved t-shirts, singlets so as to prevent the surface barbell from catching onto the threads of the clothing. Also, wrist piercings can only be done with a special tool (to hook the other side of the surface barbell upside) and thus, it is of high difficulty for it to be home-made. Piercers would also advise that, after getting a wrist piercing, the person is to soak and moisten the wound with mild salted solution so as to disinfect the area, preventing bacteria from entering the unclotted wound. The span of a wrist piercing ranges approximately from as short as 2 weeks to 6 or 7 months. Wrist Piercing Jewelry As with all surface piercings, wrist piercings require special jewelry to minimize the risk of piercing migration and rejection. Both surface bars and barbells with bars made from flexible material, such as tygon or Teflon, are commonly used as both short and long term jewelry in wrist piercings. More appropriate is titanium, which is less likely to irritate surrounding skin due to its lack of nickel. A quality piercing is done in two steps with different bars: one with long rises used at time of piercing to allow for initial swelling, and a second bar with shorter rises and balls a few millimeters from skin to be inserted months later once healing has taken place. Other jewelry includes specially made and bent barbells, which may be made by the piercer or can be ordered from a dealer. References Category:Surface piercings	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Interface functionality In telephony, interface functionality is the characteristic of interfaces that allows operators to support transmission, switching, and signaling functions identical to those used in the enhanced services provided by the carrier. As part of its comparably efficient interconnection (CEI) offering, the carrier must make available standardized telephone networking hardware and software interfaces that are able to support transmission, switching, and signaling functions identical to those used in the enhanced services provided by the carrier. References Category:Telephony	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Botswana Cycling Association Botswana Cycling Association or BCA is the national governing body of cycle racing in Botswana. Botswana Cycling Association is a member of the Confédération Africaine de Cyclisme and the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). It is affiliated to the Botswana National Olympic Committee (BNOC), as well as the Botswana National Sports Commission. Botswana Cycling Association regulates the five major disciplines within the sport, both amateur and professional, which include: road cycling, mountain biking, BMX biking, track cycling and para-cycling, currently the most active being road cycling & mountain biking. History Botswana Cycling Association affiliated to Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in September 2013 after approval by General Assembly in Ponferrada, Spain. Botswana Cycling Association hosted the second African Youth Games which took place in Gaborone, from 22 to 31 May 2014 on the disciplines of road cycling & mountain biking as a fresh new member of the UCI. Botswana Cycling Association participated for the first time in the 2015 Africa Continental Road Champs,, held between 9 - 14 February in Wartburg, KwaZulu – Natal, South Africa where a record of 30 nations entered, it was by far the best attended Continental Championships in Africa. References External links Official website Category:Cycle racing organizations Category:Cycle racing in Botswana Botswana Category:Sports governing bodies in Botswana	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Naikheri railway station Naikheri railway station is a small railway station in Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is NKI. It serves Naikheri village. Infrastructure The station consists of two platforms. See also Ujjain Junction railway station References External links Category:Railway stations in Ujjain district Category:Ratlam railway division	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Leroy Pullins Carl Leroy Pullins (November 12, 1940 - 1984) was an American country singer and guitarist. Pullins played in a group he put together called The LeSabres in the late 1950s, then relocated to Nashville. He gigged there for several years and eventually signed with Kapp Records in 1966; Kapp issued his debut single, "I'm a Nut", that same year. "I'm a Nut" was a hit novelty record written by Pullins himself, and reached #18 on the Billboard Country charts and #57 on the Billboard Hot 100. He released two albums on Kapp, one in 1966 and one in 1967, but further singles were not as successful as "I'm a Nut", and he eventually abandoned his career in music. He moved to Berea, Kentucky, where he was raised, and worked as a firefighter. He died of a heart attack at age 44 in May 1984. Discography I'm a Nut (Kapp, 1966) Funny Bones & Hearts (Kapp, 1967) References Category:1940 births Category:1984 deaths Category:American country singer-songwriters Category:American male singer-songwriters Category:American country guitarists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of shipwrecks in 1791 The list of shipwrecks in 1791 includes some ships sunk, wrecked or otherwise lost during 1791. January 8 January 20 January 21 January 31 January Unknown date p February 4 February 19 February 26 February 28 February Unknown date March 20 March Unknown date April 29 April Unknown date May Unknown date June 2 June Unknown date July 5 July Unknown date August 10 August 24 August 29 August Unknown date September 1 September 2 September 3 September 30 September Unknown date October 4 October 19 October 25 October Unknown date November 6 November 17 November 25 November 27 November Unknown date December 4 December 6 December 12 December 24 December Unknown date Unknown date Free Briton The ship foundered in the Adriatic Sea off Venice while on a voyage from Great Yarmouth, Norfolk to Venice. References 1791	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Desert pipistrelle The desert pipistrelle (Hypsugo ariel) is a species of vesper bat in the genus Hypsugo. It is found in Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Yemen. Some of the Arabian populations were previously regarded as a separate species, Hypsugo bodenheimeri, but the proposed differences between the two do not hold. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rocky areas, and hot deserts. References Category:Hypsugo Category:Mammals described in 1904 Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Category:Bats of Africa Category:Bats of Asia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Christopher Trejo Christopher Brayan Trejo Morantes (born 2 December 1999) is a Mexican footballer who plays as a forward for the Mexican club called Club Atlas. References External links Christopher Trejo at Football Database Christopher Trejo at Soccerway Category:Atlas F.C. footballers Category:1999 births Category:Living people Category:Association football forwards Category:Mexican footballers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of covered bridges in Virginia Below is a current list of covered bridges in Virginia. There are seven historic covered bridges remaining in the U.S. state of Virginia, all still at their original locations. Below is a list of some of the other historic covered bridges in Virginia which were destroyed, removed, or altered. See also List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Virginia References Dale J. Travis Covered Bridges. VA Covered Bridges: Credits. Retrieved Nov. 12, 2007. Virginia is for Lovers: Covered Bridges in Virginia. VA Covered Bridges: Credits. Retrieved Nov. 12, 2007. Virginia Department of Transportation. VA Covered Bridges: Credits. Retrieved Nov. 12, 2007. Covered Bridges Along the Blue Ridge VA Covered Bridges: Credits. Retrieved Nov. 12, 2007. External links Covered Bridges in Virginia (Virginia Department of Transportation) Covered Bridges in Virginia (Virginia Tourism Corporation) Virginia Covered Bridges List (Dale J. Travis) * Bridges Virginia covered bridges Bridges	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Michael Collier (poet) Michael Robert Collier (born 1953) is an American poet, teacher, creative writing program administrator and editor. He has published five books of original poetry, a translation of Euripedes' Medea, a book of prose pieces about poetry, and has edited three anthologies of poetry. From 2001 to 2004 he was the Poet Laureate of Maryland. As of 2011, he is the director of the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, a professor of creative writing at the University of Maryland, College Park and the poetry editorial consultant for Houghton Mifflin (now Houghton Mifflin Harcourt). Life Collier was born in Phoenix, Arizona and graduated from Brophy College Preparatory in 1971. He attended the Santa Clara University for one year, then transferred to Connecticut College in 1973 to study with the Pulitzer prize-winning poet William Morris Meredith, Jr. In 1977, he moved to London on a Thomas Watson fellowship and worked with editor William Cookson on the British literary magazine Agenda. After graduating cum laude from Connecticut College in 1976, and receiving his M.F.A. in creative writing from the University of Arizona in 1979, he was a writing fellow at the Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown, Massachusetts, from 1979 to 1980. He moved to the Washington, D.C., area in 1981, where he began teaching part-time at George Mason University, Trinity College and the University of Maryland, College Park. From 1983 to 1984, he was the coordinator of public relations and the poetry program at the Folger Shakespeare Library. In 1984, he was appointed full-time to the English faculty at the University of Maryland. In the summer of 1981, he attended the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference for the first time as the Margaret Bridgman Scholar in Poetry, followed by stints as a fellow in 1986, and as associate faculty in 1992 and 1993. In 1994, the trustees of Middlebury College appointed him Director of the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference. Founded in 1926, the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference is the longest-running writers' conference in the United States. In 2002, Houghton-Mifflin Publishers appointed Collier as its editorial consultant for poetry. He has edited books by the American poets Michael Ryan, Spencer Reece, and Alan Shapiro and the British poet Glyn Maxwell, as well as the books Native Guard by Natasha Trethewey which won the 2007 Pulitzer Prize and Space Walk by Tom Sleigh, which won the 2008 $100,000 Kingsley Tufts award from Claremont Graduate University. From 2001 to 2004, Collier served as the Maryland state poet laureate. He is married and has two sons. Work and artistic influences Collier’s poems often reveal a fascination with objects and their significance. In a 2005 interview, Collier stated that he has "always been drawn to more formal poets like Robert Frost" and continued by saying that other "early influences included Anthony Hecht and early Robert Lowell…and W.H. Auden, Philip Larkin." He added "I strongly identify with Philip Larkin, Thomas Hardy, Randall Jarrell, and George Herbert." Bibliography Poetry Collections Dark Wild Realm, Houghton Mifflin, 2006. (Paperback edition, Mariner Books, Houghton Mifflin, October 2007 ) The Ledge, Houghton Mifflin, 2000. (Paperback edition, Mariner Books, Houghton Mifflin, April 2002 ) The Neighbor, University of Chicago Press, 1995; 2nd printing 1996; 3rd printing, 1999. The Folded Heart, Wesleyan University Press, 1989. The Clasp and Other Poems, Wesleyan University Press, 1986 (Second printing, 1987). My Bishop and Other Poems, University of Chicago Press, 2018 Anthologies (edited) The New American Poets: A Bread Loaf Anthology, ed. Michael Collier, University Press of New England, 2000. The New Bread Loaf Anthology of Contemporary American Poetry, eds. Michael Collier and Stanley Plumly, University Press of New England, 1999; second printing, 2000. The Wesleyan Tradition: Four Decades of American Poetry, Wesleyan University Press, 1993 (Second printing, 1995). List of poems Prose and translation A William Maxwell Portrait: Appreciations and Memories, edited with Charles Baxter and Edward Hirsch, W.W. Norton, Inc. (W.W. Norton, 2004). Medea, translated by Michael Collier. Introduction and notes by Georgia Machemer. Oxford University Press, 2006. Make Us Wave Back: Essays on Poetry and Influence, University of Michigan Press, 2007. Awards Finalist, National Book Critics Circle Award in Poetry, 2001 for The Ledge. Finalist, Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Poetry, 2001 for The Ledge. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, 1995 National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship, 1994 and 1984. National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship, 1984. "Discovery" The Nation Award, 1981. Margaret Bridgman Scholar in Poetry, Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, 1981. Writing Fellow, Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown, 1979-80. Thomas Watson Traveling Fellowship, 1976 References External links "A Weekly Poem, Read By the Author". Collier, Michael. "The Lift." Slate. April 1, 2003. "A Weekly Poem, Read By the Author". Collier, Michael. "Shelley's Guitar." Slate, May 20, 2003. "A Weekly Poem, Read by The Author". Collier, Michael. "Brave Sparrow." Slate. October 2, 1997. "A Weekly Poem, Read by The Author". Collier, Michael. "The Swimmer." Slate. August 13, 1998. "A Conversation with Michael Collier [audiorecording]". Blackbird Archive: An Online Journal of Literature and the Arts. Fall 2007, Vol. 6, no. 2. "Interview with Michael Collier, poet and director of the Bread Loaf Writers Conference". write the book #19, michael collier/bread loaf (8/9/08) Category:1953 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century American poets Category:21st-century American poets Category:American male poets Category:The Atlantic (magazine) people Category:Connecticut College alumni Category:Guggenheim Fellows Category:National Endowment for the Arts Fellows Category:Poets Laureate of Maryland Category:Poets from Arizona Category:Poets from Maryland Category:University of Maryland, College Park faculty Category:Writers from Phoenix, Arizona	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Cophyla Cophyla is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. Species The following species are recognised in the genus Cophyla: Cophyla alticola (Guibé, 1974) Cophyla ando (Scherz, Köhler, Vences, and Glaw, 2019) Cophyla barbouri (Noble, 1940) Cophyla berara Vences, Andreone, and Glaw, 2005 Cophyla cowanii (Boulenger, 1882) Cophyla fortuna Rakotoarison, Scherz, Bletz, Razafindraibe, Glaw, and Vences, 2019 Cophyla grandis (Boulenger, 1889) Cophyla karenae (Rosa, Crottini, Noel, Rabibisoa, Raxworthy, and Andreone, 2014) Cophyla maharipeo Rakotoarison, Crottini, Müller, Rödel, Glaw, and Vences, 2015 Cophyla mavomavo (Andreone, Fenolio, and Walvoord, 2003) Cophyla milloti (Guibé, 1950) Cophyla noromalalae Rakotoarison, Crottini, Müller, Rödel, Glaw, and Vences, 2015 Cophyla occultans (Glaw and Vences, 1992) Cophyla olgae (Rakotoarison, Glaw, Vieites, Raminosoa, and Vences, 2012) Cophyla phyllodactyla Boettger, 1880 Cophyla pollicaris (Boulenger, 1888) Cophyla puellarum Rakotoarison, Crottini, Müller, Rödel, Glaw, and Vences, 2015 Cophyla rava (Glaw, Köhler, and Vences, 2012) Cophyla tetra (Andreone, Fenolio, and Walvoord, 2003) Cophyla tsaratananaensis Guibé, 1974 Cophyla tuberifera (Methuen, 1920) References Category:Microhylidae Category:Cophylinae Category:Endemic frogs of Madagascar Category:Amphibian genera Category:Taxa named by Oskar Boettger	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
David King (chemist) Sir David Anthony King (born 12 August 1939) is an Emeritus Professor in physical chemistry at the University of Cambridge, Director of the Collegio Carlo Alberto, Chancellor of the University of Liverpool and a senior scientific adviser to UBS. He previously served as the Foreign Secretary's Special Representative for Climate Change and Chairman of the Future Cities Catapult. Education King was born in South Africa in 1939, and educated at St John's College, Johannesburg and the University of the Witwatersrand (BSc, PhD). Career and research After his PhD, King worked at Imperial College London and the University of East Anglia (UEA), King became the Brunner Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Liverpool in 1974. He was a member of the National Executive, Association of University Teachers (the academics trades union), 1970–78, and president 1976–77. In 1988 he was appointed 1920 Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Cambridge and subsequently became Master of Downing College, Cambridge (1995–2000) and Head of the University Chemistry Department (1993–2000). During this time, King, together with Gabor Somorjai and Gerhard Ertl, shaped the discipline of surface science and helped to explain the underlying principles of heterogeneous catalysis. However, the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Ertl alone. In 1991, he was a recipient of the BVC Medal and Prize, awarded by the British Vacuum Council. From 2008 to 2012, he served as Director of the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford. King has published over 500 papers on his research in chemical physics and on science and policy, and has received numerous prizes, Fellowships and Honorary Degrees. King was knighted in 2003 and in 2009 made a Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur. Until 2012, he continued as a Director of Research in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, where he retains the title of Emeritus Professor. Government He was the Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government under both Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, and Head of the Government Office for Science from October 2000 to 31 December 2007. In that time, he raised the profile of the need for governments to act on climate change and was instrumental in creating the new £1 billion Energy Technologies Institute. In 2008 he co-authored The Hot Topic on this subject. He is a distinguished supporter of Humanists UK. During his tenure as Chief Scientific Adviser he has raised public awareness for climate change and initiated several foresight studies. As Director of the government's Foresight Programme, he created an in-depth horizon scanning process which advised government on a wide range of long term issues, from flooding to obesity. He also chaired the government's Global Science and Innovation Forum from its inception. King advised the government on issues including: The foot-and-mouth disease epidemic 2001; post 9/11 risks to the UK; GM foods; energy provision; and innovation and wealth creation; and he was heavily involved in the government's Science and Innovation Strategy 2004–2014. He suggested that scientists should honour a Hippocratic Oath for Scientists. Climate change In his role as scientific advisor to the UK government King was outspoken on the subject of climate change, saying "I see climate change as the greatest challenges facing Britain and the World in the 21st century" and "climate change is the most severe problem we are facing today - more serious even than the threat of terrorism". He strongly supports the work of the IPCC, saying in 2004 that the 2001 synthesis report is the best current statement on the state of play of the science of climate change, and that really does represent 1,000 scientists King had criticised the Bush administration for what he saw as its failures in climate change policy, saying it is failing to take up the challenge of global warming. Food production King told The Independent newspaper in February 2007 "he agreed that organic food was no safer than chemically-treated food" and openly supported a study by the Manchester Business School that implicated organic farming practices in unfavourable CO2 comparisons with conventional chemical farming. In an article published in The Guardian on 13 February 2009, King is quoted as saying that 'Future historians might look back on our particular recent past and see the Iraq war as the first of the conflicts of this kind – the first of the resource wars' and that this was 'certainly the view' (that the invasion was motivated by a desire to secure energy supplies) he held at the time of the invasion, along with 'quite a few people in government'. Energy King is a strong supporter of nuclear electricity generation, arguing that it is a safe, technically feasible solution that can help to reduce emissions from the utilities sector now, while the development of alternative low-carbon solutions is incentivised. In the transport sector, King has warned Governments that conventional oil resources are more scarce than they believe and that peak oil might approach sooner than expected. Moreover, he has criticised first generation biofuels due to the effect on food prices and subsequent effect on the developing world. He strongly supports second generation biofuels, however, which are manufactured from inedible biomass such as corn stover, wood chips or straw. These biofuels are not made from food sources (see food vs fuel). King is a member of the Global Apollo Programme and spearheaded its public launch in 2015. The programme calls for multinational research into reducing the cost of low-carbon electricity generation. World Forum on Enterprise and the Environment The first Times/Smith School World Forum on Enterprise and the Environment, a three-day conference in July 2009, was hailed a triumph by Sir David King after former U.S. Vice President Al Gore, President Paul Kagame of Rwanda, and President Mohamed Nasheed of the Maldives were amongst many giving rousing speeches. The event was staged to explore ways of reducing the dependence of many of the world's economies on high-carbon fuels and promote low-carbon development in poor countries. More than 200 of the world's leading climate experts attended with many showing that renewable technologies are available and that industry is ready to switch. Both Al Gore and Sir David chastised the governments of rich nations for failing to implement policies to facilitate rapid low-carbon development. Future Cities Catapult King was the first chairman of the Future Cities Catapult, launched in 2013 by the UK government to conduct research into smart cities. In media King appears in the film The Age of Stupid, released in February 2009, talking about Hurricane Katrina. Books published Sir David King, Gabrielle Walker, The Hot Topic: how to tackle global warming and still keep the lights on, Bloomsbury London 2008 Oliver Inderwildi, Sir David King, 'Energy, Transport & the Environment', 2012, Springer London New York Heidelberg References Biographical links David King interviewed by Alan Macfarlane 27th November 2009 (video) Sir David King at the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford Sir David King at the Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge BBC's biography of Sir David King David King's article on climate change at www.chinadialogue.net 'Profile: Professor Sir David King' by Alison Benjamin, The Guardian, 27 November 2007. Sir David King: Building a Sustainable Future Lecture presented at the Royal Institute of British Architecture 2007 (Video) Category:British physical chemists Category:Fellows of the Royal Society Category:Masters of Downing College, Cambridge Category:Members of the University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry Category:1939 births Category:Living people Category:Knights Bachelor Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur Category:Academics of the University of East Anglia Category:Chief Scientific Advisers to HM Government Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:Presidents of the British Science Association Category:Fellows of Queens' College, Cambridge Category:Global Apollo Programme Category:People associated with the University of Liverpool Category:University of the Witwatersrand alumni	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1967 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles Billie Jean King successfully defended her title, defeating Ann Jones in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1967 Wimbledon Championships. Seeds Billie Jean King (Champion) Maria Bueno (Fourth round) Ann Jones (Final) Françoise Dürr (Third round) Nancy Richey (Fourth round) Lesley Turner (Quarterfinals) Annette Van Zyl (Fourth round) Virginia Wade (Quarterfinals) Draw Finals Top half Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Bottom half Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 References External links Women's Singles Category:Wimbledon Championship by year – Women's Singles Wimbledon Championships Wimbledon Championships	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bill Taylor (South Carolina politician) Bill Taylor (born July 16, 1946) is an American politician. He is a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 86th District, serving since 2010. He is a member of the Republican party. References Category:Living people Category:1946 births Category:Members of the South Carolina House of Representatives Category:South Carolina Republicans Category:21st-century American politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Arab League peace plans for Syria In November 2011 – January 2012, the Arab League twice tried to mediate in the Syrian civil war, without much success. First attempt On 2 November 2011, the Syrian government agreed to an Arab League peace plan to the effect that its army would no longer be deployed in violent crackdowns against peaceful demonstrators, tanks would be withdrawn from the cities, all political prisoners be released, a dialogue with the opposition begun within two weeks, and Arab League and foreign media allowed to monitor the situation. When on 6 November at least 23 demonstrators were killed, the Arab League considered this a first breach of promise by Syria. On 12/13 November Syrian opposition groups counted 300 demonstrators and other opponents of the government allegedly killed since 2 November. The Arab League therefore threatened to suspend Syria’s membership of the League if it wouldn’t execute the peace plan before 16 November. On 16 November, the Arab League indeed suspended Syria’s membership of the League. Second attempt 19 December 2011, Syria signed another Arab League peace plan that called for withdrawal of the Syrian army and the rebel forces from the streets, the release of political prisoners, admittance of Arab League monitors to Syria, and the start of talks between the government and dissidents. 26 December, 50 Arab League monitors began arriving in Syria. One of them told already on 26 December to Al Arabiya broadcaster by telephone: “This regime is taking revenge on its people (…) what’s happening in Syria is genocide”. The following weeks, the Arab League mission was heavily criticized because Damascus did not keep its promises. Critics said, the Arab League monitors’ presence imparted legitimacy to the violent actions of the Syrian army. Around 20–22 January 2012, the Arab League decided to extend the mission, which had technically expired 19 January, for another month, add more members to it, and provide them with more resources. This decision prompted Saudi Arabia on 22 January to pull its monitors from the Arab League mission and call on Russia, China, Europe, the U.S. and the Islamic states for “all possible pressure” on Syria to adhere to the Arab peace plan. Around 23–24 January, Assad turned down another Arab League plan to stop the bloodshed. The other Gulf states: Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman and the United Arab Emirates now concluded that the bloodshed hadn’t abated, and therefore the Arab League observer mission was useless, and decided to also withdraw their observers from Syria. On 27 January, the head of the Arab League mission, Mustafa al-Dabi, warned that violence in Syria had intensified considerably in recent days. On 28 January 2012, the Arab League suspended its monitoring mission because of the worsening violence. See also Syrian conflict peace proposals International reactions to the Syrian civil war International reactions to the Syrian civil war#Arab League References Category:International reactions to the Syrian Civil War Category:2011 in Syria Category:2012 in Syria Category:2013 in Syria Category:Middle East peace efforts Category:Syrian peace process	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of flag bearers for Honduras at the Olympics This is a list of flag bearers who have represented Honduras at the Olympics. Flag bearers carry the national flag of their country at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. See also Honduras at the Olympics References Category:Honduras at the Olympics Honduras Olympic flagbearers Olympic flagbearers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Broomfield Hill "The Broomfield Hill", "The Broomfield Wager" "The Merry Broomfield", "The Green Broomfield", "A Wager, a Wager", or "The West Country Wager" (Child 43, Roud 34) is a traditional English folk ballad. (The Roud Index lists a number of other titles.) Synopsis In most versions a gentleman, in some versions called Lord John, challenges a maiden to a wager, usually at very high odds: "A wager, a wager with you, pretty maid, My one hundred pound to your ten" That a maid you shall go into yonder green broom But a maid you shall never return" or she makes a tryst and realizes she can either stay and be foresworn, or go and lose her virginity. After, in some versions advice from a witch-wife, or after persuading him to drink "a glass of something so strong" in one version, she goes to the broom field and finds him in a deep sleep. She leaves tokens to show she has been there, and in many versions carries out what seems to be a ritual: "Then three times she went from the crown of his head And three times from the soles of his feet, And three times she kissed his red ruby lips As he lay fast in a sleep." then, after leaving tokens to show she had been there, either leaves quickly or hides in the bushes to watch what happens. He wakes and in some variants taxes those with him — his goshawk, his servingmen, his horse, or his hound — that they did not wake him, but they answer it was impossible. He is angry that he did not manage to take her virginity and, in many variants, murder her afterwards, though in others he says he would have murdered her if she had resisted his intentions: "Had I been awake when my true love was here Of her I would have had my will If not, the pretty birds in this merry green broom Of her blood they should all had her fill." In some variants, she hears this and leaves glad: "Be cheerful, be cheerful, and do not repine. For now 'tis as clear as the sun. The money, the money, the money is mine, And the wager I fairly have won". Versions Early published versions The Broomfield Hill was printed by a number of publishers of broadside ballads. There are seven in the Bodleian Broadside collection, all fairly similar, with an earliest possible date of 1711. Child included six versions, five of them Scottish and one from an English broadside from the collection compiled by Francis Douce. Versions collected from traditional singers 47 of the 61 examples listed in the Roud Folk Song Index were collected from singers in England, mostly in the south, with 13 from Somerset and 7 from Sussex. Cecil Sharp collected 14 versions from English singers. 7 versions were collected from Scotland and just one from County Antrim, Ireland. Only six were collected from the USA. Recordings Recordings by traditional singers Field recordings by a number of traditional singers have been published. These include Suffolk singer Cyril Poacher (under the title "Green Broom"); Gordon Hall from Sussex; Pop Maynard, also from Sussex, (A Wager, a Wager); Dorset gypsy singer Carolyne Hughes (A Wager, a Wager); and Norfolk singer Walter Pardon. Motifs The woman who enchants a man to sleep and so preserves her virginity is a common folktale and ballad motif throughout Europe. See also List of the Child Ballads References Category:Child Ballads Category:Year of song unknown Category:English folk songs Category:English broadside ballads	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1989 480 km of Mexico The 1989 Trofeo Hermanos Rodríguez was the eighth and final round of the 1989 World Sportscar Championship season. It took place at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico on October 29, 1989. During qualifying, Patrick Tambay's Jaguar came in contact with Antoine Salamin's Porsche on the front stretch, causing the Porsche to make heavy contact with the pit wall. Tambay was fined US$15,000 for the incident. Along with Salamin, several other teams were unable to race due to damage incurred during practice and qualifying. Sauber Mercedes teammates Mauro Baldi and Jean-Louis Schlesser were both in contention going into this final round, Baldi leading by seven points. However, spin at Turn 14 by Kenny Acheson eliminated co-driver Baldi from contention, allowing Schlesser to take the World Drivers Championship. Official results Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 75% of winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC). Statistics Pole position - #61 Team Sauber Mercedes - 1:22.571 Fastest lap - #62 Team Sauber Mercedes - 1:25.120 Average speed - 168.788 km/h References Mexico Mexico City Category:6 Hours of Mexico	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tha Khantho District Tha Khantho (, ) is the northwestern-most district (amphoe) of Kalasin Province, northeastern Thailand. Geography Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise): Nong Kung Si of Kalasin Province; Kranuan of Khon Kaen Province; Kumphawapi, Si That, and Wang Sam Mo of Udon Thani Province. History The minor district (king amphoe) Tha Khantho was established on 1 October 1962, when the two tambons Tha Khantho and Khok Khruea were split off from Sahatsakhan District. It was upgraded to a full district on 2 October 1965. Khok Khruea was later reassigned to Nong Kung Si District. Administration The district is divided into six sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 59 villages (mubans). Tha Khantho is a township (thesaban tambon) which covers tambon Tha Khantho and parts of Na Tan. There are a further six tambon administrative organizations (TAO). Tha Khantho	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bochner's theorem In mathematics, Bochner's theorem (named for Salomon Bochner) characterizes the Fourier transform of a positive finite Borel measure on the real line. More generally in harmonic analysis, Bochner's theorem asserts that under Fourier transform a continuous positive-definite function on a locally compact abelian group corresponds to a finite positive measure on the Pontryagin dual group. The theorem for locally compact abelian groups Bochner's theorem for a locally compact abelian group G, with dual group , says the following: Theorem For any normalized continuous positive-definite function f on G (normalization here means that f is 1 at the unit of G), there exists a unique probability measure on such that i.e. f is the Fourier transform of a unique probability measure μ on . Conversely, the Fourier transform of a probability measure on is necessarily a normalized continuous positive-definite function f on G. This is in fact a one-to-one correspondence. The Gelfand–Fourier transform is an isomorphism between the group C-algebra C(G) and C0(Ĝ). The theorem is essentially the dual statement for states of the two abelian C-algebras. The proof of the theorem passes through vector states on strongly continuous unitary representations of G (the proof in fact shows that every normalized continuous positive-definite function must be of this form). Given a normalized continuous positive-definite function f on G, one can construct a strongly continuous unitary representation of G in a natural way: Let F0(G) be the family of complex-valued functions on G with finite support, i.e. h(g) = 0 for all but finitely many g. The positive-definite kernel K(g1, g2) = f(g1 − g2) induces a (possibly degenerate) inner product on F0(G). Quotiening out degeneracy and taking the completion gives a Hilbert space whose typical element is an equivalence class [h]. For a fixed g in G, the "shift operator" Ug defined by (Ug)(h) (g') = h(g − g), for a representative of [h], is unitary. So the map is a unitary representations of G on . By continuity of f, it is weakly continuous, therefore strongly continuous. By construction, we have where [e] is the class of the function that is 1 on the identity of G and zero elsewhere. But by Gelfand–Fourier isomorphism, the vector state on C(G) is the pull-back of a state on , which is necessarily integration against a probability measure μ. Chasing through the isomorphisms then gives On the other hand, given a probability measure μ on , the function is a normalized continuous positive-definite function. Continuity of f follows from the dominated convergence theorem. For positive-definiteness, take a nondegenerate representation of . This extends uniquely to a representation of its multiplier algebra and therefore a strongly continuous unitary representation Ug. As above we have f given by some vector state on Ug therefore positive-definite. The two constructions are mutual inverses. Special cases Bochner's theorem in the special case of the discrete group Z is often referred to as Herglotz's theorem (see Herglotz representation theorem) and says that a function f on Z with f(0) = 1 is positive-definite if and only if there exists a probability measure μ on the circle T such that Similarly, a continuous function f on R with f(0) = 1 is positive-definite if and only if there exists a probability measure μ on R such that Applications In statistics, Bochner's theorem can be used to describe the serial correlation of certain type of time series. A sequence of random variables of mean 0 is a (wide-sense) stationary time series if the covariance only depends on n − m. The function is called the autocovariance function of the time series. By the mean zero assumption, where ⟨⋅, ⋅⟩ denotes the inner product on the Hilbert space of random variables with finite second moments. It is then immediate that g is a positive-definite function on the integers ℤ. By Bochner's theorem, there exists a unique positive measure μ on [0, 1] such that This measure μ is called the spectral measure of the time series. It yields information about the "seasonal trends" of the series. For example, let z be an m-th root of unity (with the current identification, this is 1/m ∈ [0, 1]) and f be a random variable of mean 0 and variance 1. Consider the time series . The autocovariance function is Evidently, the corresponding spectral measure is the Dirac point mass centered at z. This is related to the fact that the time series repeats itself every m periods. When g has sufficiently fast decay, the measure μ is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure, and its Radon–Nikodym derivative f is called the spectral density of the time series. When g lies in l1(ℤ), f is the Fourier transform of g. See also Positive-definite function on a group Characteristic function (probability theory) References M. Reed and Barry Simon, Methods of Modern Mathematical Physics, vol. II, Academic Press, 1975. Category:Theorems in harmonic analysis Category:Theorems in measure theory Category:Theorems in functional analysis Category:Theorems in Fourier analysis Category:Statistical theorems	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Qin Xianglian Qin Xianglian, also translated as Fragrant Lotus, is a fictional Chinese character popular in legends and Chinese opera. She was a Song dynasty woman married to Chen Shimei, who not only betrayed her love and devotion by marrying another woman, but also tried to kill her to cover up his past. Fictional basis The character was based on the Qing dynasty historical court records of Qin Xinlian (秦馨蓮), whose husband was the government official Chen Shumei (陈熟美), Like Bao Zheng, Chen himself was an upright official who eventually became an enemy of other corrupted officials. These officials created two fictitious husband-and-wife characters based on the couple by changing the middle Chinese characters of their real names and brought Bao Zheng of the Song dynasty era into their fictitious story to slander and smear her husband as being unfaithful to her. The character first appeared as Lady Qin (秦氏) without a given name (like most women recorded in imperial China's literature) in the 1594 story collection Legal Cases of A Hundred Families Judged by Dragon-Design Bao (包龍圖判百家公案), Story 26, "Lady Qin's Ghost Return to Exile Shimei" (秦氏還魂配世美). In this version, she was killed by Chen's assassins, but her ghost sought justice with "Dragon-Design Bao" or Bao Zheng. The story most familiar to modern people no longer contained superstition, and instead had Chen's assassin Han Qi (韓琪) commit suicide to let Qin escape. Story The story of Beijing opera “[Chen Shi] Mei’s Beheading Case” (铡美案)： In the Song Dynasty, Chen Shimei (陈世美) was a poor scholar studying for the imperial examinations. Chen Shimei was married to Qin Xianglian (秦香蓮), who took care of him, his parents, and their children so Chen Shimei had time to study. When the time for the examinations came, Shimei went to the capital to take them, leaving Xianglian and their children behind. He did not return. In the meantime, a famine hit the country and killed their parents. With nothing left in the countryside, Xianglian and the children traveled to the capital to look for Shimei. It turned out that Shimei had placed first in the examinations and had been awarded an official post as a result. The Emperor favored him, and offered to marry his daughter to Shimei. Although Shimei was already married, he coveted wealth and power; he kept his previous marriage a secret and married the princess, hoping to forget about Xianglian and their children. This put Shimei in a bind when Xianglian came to the capital to look for him. Still, aware that his position was in danger plus that he had lied to the Emperor to marry the princess, Shimei not only claimed to not know Xianglian and their children, but also secretly ordered his bodyguard Han Qi (韩琪) to murder them. Han Qi cornered Xianglian outside the capital. However, when Xianglian begged Han Qi to raise her children after her death, Han Qi could not bring himself to kill them. Caught between his conscience and duty, Han Qi committed suicide in Sanguantang (三官堂). After burying Han Qi, Xianglian then approached Bao Zheng to force Shimei to recognize her. Bao Zheng sent a subordinate to Shimei and Xianglian's hometown, verifying Xianglian's story. He then planned to have Xianglian confront Shimei in court, and tried to give Shimei another chance to recognize Xianglian as his first wife, for their children's sake. Instead, Shimei again denied knowing Xianglian. When Shimei denied sending an assassin to kill Xianglian as well, Xianglian proved that Shimei was lying by showing the court Han Qi's sword. Bao Zheng convicted Shimei for attempted murder and for lying to the Emperor, the punishment for which was death. When the princess heard of the impending execution, she was aggrieved that Shimei had lied to her, but also did not want to become a widow. Therefore, she went with her mother, the Empress Dowager, to pressure Bao Zheng to stop the execution. Bao Zheng refused. However, when the Emperor issued an edict pardoning Shimei, Bao Zheng was left with no choice but to obey. Lamenting that justice would not be served, he offered Xianglian some money and planned to resign from office. Xianglian refused the gift, crying so hard about how the officials were shielding each other that she fainted. Ordering his subordinates to help Xianglian, Bao Zheng indignantly resolved to proceed with the execution in spite of the edict. When the Empress Dowager pointed out that the penalty for defying an imperial edict was also death, Bao Zheng took off his official headwear and declared that Shimei should be executed first before himself. Shimei was executed. Afterwards, peasants throughout the country gave Bao Zheng the honorific "Justice Bao" (包青天). Portrayal in film and television Li Lihua in The Story of Ching Hsiang-lien (1964) Leanne Liu in Justice Pao (1993) Hao Lei in The New Case of Beheading Chen Shimei (2004) Chen Ting in Justice Bao (2008) Zhou Zihan in Female Constable (2011) Mabel Yuan in Qin Xianglian (2011) References Category:Cultural depictions of Bao Zheng Category:Fictional Chinese people in literature Category:Fictional Song dynasty people	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2012 Tour de France, Stage 11 to Stage 20 Stage 11 of the 2012 Tour de France was contested on 12 July and the race concluded with Stage 20 on 22 July. The second half of the race was situated entirely within France; starting with a mountain stage from Albertville to La Toussuire-Les Sybelles – incorporating two hors catégorie climbs during the stage – before the customary race-concluding stage finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. Following his victory in the ninth stage individual time trial, rider Bradley Wiggins held the lead into the second half of the race. He maintained his race lead throughout the second half of the race, holding a lead of 2 minutes and 5 seconds – transpiring from stage 9 – until the race's final individual time trial, held on the penultimate day of the race. Wiggins won the stage by 1 minute and 16 seconds ahead of his team-mate Chris Froome, and Wiggins ultimately held his lead into Paris the following day to win the race overall by 3 minutes and 21 seconds, to become the first rider from Great Britain to win a Grand Tour race. Froome finished second, while the final podium was completed by former Vuelta a España winner Vincenzo Nibali, riding for the team, who was the only other rider to finish within 10 minutes of Wiggins' final overall time. Only Wiggins' team-mate Mark Cavendish was able to win more than one stage during the second half of the race, winning two of the final three stages including a fourth consecutive final stage victory in Paris. This victory allowed him to become the most prolific sprinter at the Tour de France with 23 stage victories, surpassing the record of 22 which had been held for 48 years by France's André Darrigade. Three French riders – Pierre Rolland, Pierrick Fédrigo and Thomas Voeckler – each took a stage victory during the second half of the race, with Voeckler's victory in the queen stage helping in part for him to become the eventual winner of the mountains classification. Other stage victories were taken by David Millar, André Greipel, Luis León Sánchez and Alejandro Valverde. During the fourteenth stage of the race, Wiggins neutralised the peloton on the descent from the Mur de Péguère climb, after carpet tacks were found to be responsible for around thirty punctures on the climb itself. Among those delayed was the defending champion Cadel Evans, who suffered three punctures on the climb and had lost around two minutes before Wiggins called a truce in the main field, allowing the breakaway to finish the stage over eighteen minutes clear of the pack. Following the raid of the team hotel during the first rest day, the second rest day was marked by a positive drugs test by rider Fränk Schleck, the third-placed rider from the 2011 race. Schleck quit the race after traces of xipamide, a banned sulfonamide diuretic drug, were found in the A-sample of his urine, and was later confirmed by the B-sample. Classification standings Stage 11 12 July 2012 — Albertville to La Toussuire-Les Sybelles, The stage was spent entirely in the Alps with two hors catégorie climbs – the Col de la Madeleine after and the Col de la Croix de Fer after ; both of which had summits at or higher – before the finish at La Toussuire-Les Sybelles. The Col de la Croix de Fer was the highest point reached in the Alps in the 2012 Tour, so the leader across the summit would win the Souvenir Henri Desgrange. The finish was a first-category climb of at an average gradient of 6.1%. Much like the previous day, a large breakaway was formed after several different groups advanced clear of the main field as they approached the first climb of the day, at the Col de la Madeleine. In total, there were 28 riders in the group at one point; at the top of the climb, the pace picked up and the group splintered into several mini-groups as 's Peter Velits scored the maximum points on offer for the climb, followed closely by rider Fredrik Kessiakoff. Velits and Kessiakoff pulled out a 45-second advantage on the descent, but eight riders eventually bridged the gap and rejoined the duo before the Col de la Croix de Fer. had two riders in the group, with Christophe Kern setting the pace for team-mate Pierre Rolland, and the tempo was again splitting the group up. Back in the peloton, young rider classification leader Tejay van Garderen () attacked on the climb, as the benchmark for a later move by his team-mate Cadel Evans. They acquired a 30-second lead at one point before brought Bradley Wiggins back up to them. Kessiakoff just bettered Rolland for the mountains points atop the Col de la Croix de Fer, with the peloton around two minutes behind. The group containing Wiggins and other overall contenders dropped a minute further back on the early parts of the Col du Mollard, where the breakaway consisted of Velits, Rolland, 's Chris Anker Sørensen and Robert Kišerlovski of , with 's Vasil Kiryienka later joining up. Rolland crashed on the descent from the climb, having taken first place points over the summit, while Sørensen was in difficulty to stay with the lead. rider Vincenzo Nibali tried to breach the peloton on two occasions on the final climb, catching up with 's Jurgen Van den Broeck who had escaped with eighth stage winner, 's Thibaut Pinot. Evans cracked on the climb, losing time to Wiggins, team-mate Chris Froome and other contenders. Froome put Wiggins into difficulty at one point, but backed the pace down via his team radio. Up front, Rolland was the last remaining rider of the breakaway, and soloed to his second Tour stage win, and his team's second stage win in a row. Pinot led the yellow jersey group across the line almost a minute down, while Evans lost almost 90 seconds on Wiggins, Froome and Nibali, who filled the top three places overall at the conclusion of the stage. Stage 12 13 July 2012 — Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne to Annonay-Davézieux, With a parcours of , the twelfth stage was the longest of the Tour; the race left the Alps but only after a pair of first-category climbs – the Col du Grand Cucheron and the Col du Granier – in the first , although there was also a third-category climb of the Côte d'Ardoix within the final , before the finish in Annonay-Davézieux. As had been the case in the previous two stages, there was another large breakaway group that set the tempo outside of the peloton in the early running. At its maximum, the group contained nineteen riders, but it had been reduced to eleven by the time the group reached the foot of the opening climb, the Col du Grand Cucheron. Robert Kišerlovski of took the maximum points on offer for the climb, to help protect the lead of the classification, held by team-mate Fredrik Kessiakoff. rider David Moncoutié tried to bridge the gap to reach the lead group, but crashed heavily on the descent from the climb. He had to abandon the race with abrasions. Kišerlovski also took maximum points on the Col du Granier, which made Kessiakoff's lead safe for another day. After reaching the mid-stage feeding zone in Saint-Joseph-de-Rivière, the lead group split and five riders – David Millar of , rider Jean-Christophe Péraud, 's Egoi Martínez, Kišerlovski and Cyril Gautier, looking to give a third win in a row – accelerated away to a near 13-minute lead at its maximum. With none of the riders being in overall contention, the peloton let the group go and decided not to chase them down before the finish. None of the quintet attacked each other, and they remained as one into the final of the stage. Kišerlovski played his hand first, launching an attack with remaining, but Péraud closed down the move almost immediately; a secondary move took Martínez and Gautier out of the equation for the stage victory. Péraud accelerated again and Millar latched onto his wheel with Kišerlovski unable to follow the pair. Millar took the front inside the final , but Péraud remained on his wheel until just before to go; he launched his attack, but Millar beat him to the line for his fourth individual stage victory at the Tour – his first since 2003 – and the fourth different British rider to take a stage win at the 2012 Tour. The peloton was led across the line almost eight minutes down by the top two in the points classification, 's Matthew Goss and 's Peter Sagan. Sagan protested the sprint finish of Goss, feeling that he had impeded him in the closing metres. Race officials agreed with Sagan and demoted Goss to seventh – helped in part by a one-second time gap between them and the rest of the field – and penalised him 30 points in the classification, and 30 seconds overall. Stage 13 14 July 2012 — Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux to Cap d'Agde, This transitional stage took the Tour to the Mediterranean Sea. The day's only categorised climb over Mont-Saint-Clair at Sète and the wind off the sea were two potential disruptions to the race in the final of the stage. For the celebration of Bastille Day, the breakaway had extensive French representation, with five of the eight-rider move – rider Samuel Dumoulin, 's Mathieu Ladagnous, Jimmy Engoulvent of , Maxime Bouet () and Jérôme Pineau, representing the team – from the country. The group was rounded out by Pablo Urtasun of , 's Michael Mørkøv and rider Roy Curvers. The octet made their escape in the opening of the stage, and their advantage eventually stemmed to a maximum of almost 10 minutes at the mark, before sent riders forward to the front of the peloton in order to bring the gap down. Urtasun led the group across the line at the stage's intermediate sprint point in Mas-de-Londres, but behind, points classification leader Peter Sagan () was able to launch his sprint for the line before 's sprinter Matthew Goss did so, and extended his lead in the standings as a result. Pineau looked to go clear with to go, but his move was anticipated by Mørkøv, before he attacked of his own accord. Mørkøv held a one-minute advantage over his former breakaway companions all the way to the foot of the Mont-Saint-Clair, but the peloton were able to close the advantage to them all before the summit of the climb. 's Cadel Evans and rider Jurgen Van den Broeck both attacked on the Mont-Saint-Clair, and their accelerated pace ripped the peloton apart, with many riders falling off the back of the peloton. Around 25 riders remained in the lead group, with only Sagan and Van Den Broeck's team-mate André Greipel out of the sprinters making the group. Further moves came from rider Alexander Vinokourov, Michael Albasini of , and 's Luis León Sánchez, but they were closed down by – looking after Greipel for the finish – and for race leader Bradley Wiggins. Wiggins led out team-mate Edvald Boasson Hagen for the sprint, but Greipel launched his own off his wheel and managed to fend off a quick-finishing Sagan to take his third stage win of the Tour by half a wheel, the first such feat by a German rider since Erik Zabel in 2001. Stage 14 15 July 2012 — Limoux to Foix, The race entered the lower Pyrenees with two first-category climbs; the Port de Lers and the Mur de Péguère, reaching an elevation of . The Mur de Péguère was featuring for the first time in the Tour de France; with sections of the climb in excess of 16%. Small attacks set the course of the early running of the stage, with the field remaining as a whole for the first hour of racing after the attacks were closed down shortly after. It was not until a quarter of the way through the stage – some in – that a move was allowed to be established on the road, when eleven riders went clear including the points classification leader Peter Sagan of , who was looking to extend his points advantage over his rivals André Greipel () and rider Matthew Goss. By the time that Sagan had crossed over the intermediate sprint line first, at Tarascon-sur-Ariège, the leaders' advantage was already over thirteen minutes, and was increasing by the kilometre due to the wet conditions on the roads. At the Port de Lers, the eleven riders were fifteen minutes clear when Cyril Gautier () developed a problem with his bike and had to stop for a change of equipment, losing around 40 seconds to his ten companions. He would not bridge back to them, and ultimately lost fourteen minutes to them by the stage finish. 's Luis León Sánchez attacked on the Mur de Péguère, with only Philippe Gilbert (), rider Gorka Izagirre and Sandy Casar of able to follow originally. Sagan later brought himself back up to the group, before Casar pulled a few seconds clear over the summit. At the summit of the climb, carpet tacks were thrown onto the road causing as many as thirty riders to puncture, including Gilbert's team-mates Cadel Evans and Steve Cummings, while race leader Bradley Wiggins () changed his bike as a precaution. As a result, Wiggins called a temporary halt to the racing on the descent. At this time, Pierre Rolland () attacked and gained a two-minute margin over the peloton, but a combination of the tempo set by and , and Rolland realising the situation behind – later apologising for his actions – meant that he was brought back to the field, and they continued to slowly roll towards the finish in Foix. At the front, Sánchez attacked with around remaining, and eventually soloed his way to a fourth career stage victory at the Tour. Sagan led home a group of four riders almost a minute behind, while the peloton eventually crossed the line over eighteen minutes behind Sánchez. Stage 15 16 July 2012 — Samatan to Pau, The stage ran through the foothills of the Pyrenees, in the Gers and Pyrénées-Atlantiques departments. There were three minor climbs in the final third of the stage, which was expected to suit the remaining sprinters. Like the previous day, small attacks set the course of the early running of the stage, with the field remaining as a whole for the first hour of racing after the attacks were unsuccessful. The most prominent of these was a five-rider move, involving 's Bert Grabsch, rider David Millar, Andriy Hryvko of , Rui Costa () and Yukiya Arashiro, representing . The peloton did not allow them to gain an advantage of more than 30 seconds, and they were eventually brought back to the main field at the mark. Another five-rider group formed immediately thereafter, consisting of Christian Vande Velde (), Arashiro's team-mate Thomas Voeckler, 's Pierrick Fédrigo, rider Samuel Dumoulin and Dries Devenyns of . rider Nicki Sørensen chased the quintet down for around , and eventually made the group a sextet, after his team set the tempo in the main field for a while. The peloton had reduced the gap to the leaders to around five minutes at one point, but eventually decided to allow the breakaway to battle it out for stage honours. Voeckler took maximum points on all three categorised climbs prior to the closing , before Sørensen launched the first sustained attacks prior to the finish. However, Fédrigo and Vande Velde gained some ground with their attack at to go, and they contested the sprint in Pau; Vande Velde tried to launch his sprint first, but Fédrigo saw the move and remained in front, to take his second stage win in Pau – after a previous victory in 2010 – and fourth of his career. The remaining members of the breakaway came in before the main field, with 's André Greipel leading them home 11' 50" down on Fédrigo. Stage 16 18 July 2012 — Pau to Bagnères-de-Luchon, After the second and final rest day, the race entered the high mountains with the queen stage crossing two hors catégorie climbs – the Col d'Aubisque and the Col du Tourmalet – followed by the first-category climbs of the Col d'Aspin and the Col de Peyresourde, completing the so-called "Circle of Death", before dropping down to the finish in Bagnères-de-Luchon. The first rider over the Tourmalet – the highest point reached in both the Pyrenees and the 2012 Tour as a whole at – received the Souvenir Jacques Goddet. Almost forty riders – around a quarter of the race's peloton at the start of the stage – made it into the early breakaway after around , including three riders in the lower reaches of the top twenty placings overall, mountains classification leader Fredrik Kessiakoff () and stage-winners Thomas Voeckler of and rider Pierrick Fédrigo. Voeckler and Kessiakoff led the group over the top of the Col d'Aubisque, with the group remaining together until the foot of the Col du Tourmalet. Here, the group started to fragment after 's Dan Martin accelerated with Kessiakoff and 's Laurens ten Dam in tow. rider George Hincapie, Chris Anker Sørensen of and 's Brice Feillu later joined the group up front, but only Voeckler and Feillu remained together at the top of the climb, where Voeckler further cut into Kessiakoff's polka-dot jersey lead. The peloton crossed the summit around ten minutes later. Voeckler and Feillu had an advantage of almost two minutes at the bottom of the Col d'Aspin, while Martin – on his own after being the last to be dropped by the French pairing out front – was joined by Hincapie and six other riders. With added pressure from Sørensen and rider Jens Voigt, Kessiakoff was dropped by the group, and aided the efforts for Voeckler to take the lead in the mountains classification. Back in the peloton, the tempo set by and was reducing the numbers in the group, and eventually, 's Cadel Evans lost contact on the climb. However, with team-mates around him, he was able to rejoin the group before the final climb of the Col de Peyresourde. A third of the way up the climb, Voeckler left his companion Feillu behind, and set off on a solo attack. Evans again fell off the back of the group, as Vincenzo Nibali () decided to make a preliminary attack on his rivals, 's Bradley Wiggins and Chris Froome. Wiggins and Froome were able to make their way back up to Nibali, sandwiching him with Froome on the front and Wiggins at the back of the trio. Voeckler cemented his mountains classification lead by reaching the summit of the Col de Peyresourde first, with the remaining riders of the breakaway spread out between him and the group of Wiggins, Froome and Nibali. Sørensen trailed Voeckler by a minute-and-a-half. Nibali attacked twice more on the steepest part of the climb, but Wiggins shadowed the move and kept himself up with Nibali. At the front, Voeckler descended towards the finish in Bagnères-de-Luchon with a 1' 40" lead over Sørensen, and held the lead to the end for his second stage win of the race, and repeated his 2010 stage victory in the town. Sørensen remained 1' 40" behind in second, while rider Gorka Izagirre bested Alexander Vinokourov () for third place. Nibali, Wiggins and Froome came in seven minutes after Voeckler, while Evans lost almost five minutes to the trio, falling from fourth to seventh in the general classification behind rider Jurgen Van den Broeck, 's Haimar Zubeldia and his own team-mate Tejay van Garderen. rider Jan Ghyselinck finished four seconds outside the stage's cutoff time, but he was given a reprieve by the comissaires to continue in the Tour, making him the new lanterne rouge. Stage 17 19 July 2012 — Bagnères-de-Luchon to Peyragudes, The final day in the mountains saw the race cross the first-category Col de Menté and the second-category Col des Ares before reaching the last hors catégorie climb of the Tour, the Port de Balès. The race then dropped down, before returning over the uncategorised Col de Peyresourde – crossing the summit for the second consecutive day – followed by a summit finish at the Peyragudes ski resort. With a scheduled parcours of , the stage was the shortest of the mountain stages of the 2012 Tour. Small attacks set the course of the early running of the stage, with the field remaining as a whole for the first half-hour of racing after several attacks were closed down before a gap could be established. It was not until the Col de Menté that the early foundations of a breakaway were laid with the two mountains classification combatants, 's Thomas Voeckler and Fredrik Kessiakoff of again battling it out for points; Voeckler prevailed ahead of Kessiakoff. The two riders were also a part of a seven-rider breakaway that formed on the descent from the climb. The group was also bolstered for a time by rider Vincenzo Nibali, third place in the general classification behind duo Bradley Wiggins and Chris Froome, but he eventually sat up from the group as the breakaway was not likely to be given an advantage if Nibali was in the group. A ten-rider chase group formed behind the leaders, and eventually joined up with them around halfway through the stage. Voeckler bettered Kessiakoff at the Côte de Burs, to extend his lead in the classification; the peloton were around three minutes behind, but closing gradually. Following a move by a pair of riders, Rui Costa () attacked out of the group as a set-up for his team leader Alejandro Valverde, who followed his move several kilometres later. Costa paced him for a time before Valverde went clear on his own, and built up a 35-second lead at the summit of the Port de Balès, while the peloton had closed by half a minute to trail him by around two-and-a-half minutes. The peloton caught the group of chasers including Voeckler, rider Levi Leipheimer and Blel Kadri of , on the descent with only Valverde remaining ahead as they hit the Col de Peyresourde. For the second ascent of the Col de Peyresourde during the race, the riders would take the climb in the opposite direction from what they had done on the previous day, before a slight descent and then the final climb to Peyragudes. Valverde held a lead of 1' 20" at the top of the uncategorised pass, with only a handful of riders remaining with the group of the maillot jaune, including the top four in the general classification. Valverde was holding his own off the front, and the gap was fluctuating between 1' 20" and 1' 30" for several kilometres as they neared the summit, which came at the flamme rouge point. 's Jurgen Van den Broeck tried to attack, but was pulled back by the Froome and Wiggins tandem, which then accelerated away from their rivals and set off after Valverde. Ultimately, they came up short due to Froome having to wait three times for Wiggins as the race leader was several metres behind his domestique on certain parts of the climb. Valverde achieved his fourth career stage victory at the Tour, nineteen seconds ahead of Froome and Wiggins, who in turn extended their advantage over the rest of the field. Stage 18 20 July 2012 — Blagnac to Brive-la-Gaillarde, Despite being ranked a "flat stage", there were four ranked climbs during the day which had the potential to produce a successful break from the peloton. In the early kilometres of the stage, a group of six riders instigated the first breakaway of the day, but after the peloton allowed them to create an advantage on the roads, they were brought back to the confines of the peloton not long later. There was then an uneventful period in the action, with no major attacks going off the front, until the first categorised climb of the day, at the Côte de Saint-Georges. On the climb itself, rider Nick Nuyens and 's Yukiya Arashiro attacked up the hill, before they were joined by fourteen other riders to create the second major breakaway of the day's stage. The best-placed rider amongst the group was Rui Costa of the – just under half an hour behind the race leader Bradley Wiggins of – who was fresh from his set-up work for team-mate Alejandro Valverde the previous day. Around halfway through the stage, the advantage between the sixteen leaders and the main field reached its highest point of the day, at the 3' 30" mark, before and set the tempo to start bringing the leaders back to the peloton. In the peloton, several riders fell to the ground after a dog ran into their path, slowing the pace as a whole. Among those involved was 's Philippe Gilbert, who had to be restrained when back on his feet. sent their riders forward to set the pace on the front of the group in the hopes of setting Peter Sagan up for a fourth stage victory of the race, and the gap reduced under two minutes inside of remaining. At the head of the race, 's David Millar attacked on the Côte de Souillac, where moves from Arashiro and Wiggins' team-mate Edvald Boasson Hagen followed not long later. Five riders – rider Adam Hansen, Alexander Vinokourov of , Nuyens, Luca Paolini () and 's Jérémy Roy – came together at the bottom of the Côte de Lissac-sur-Couze, before Nuyens and Roy were dropped on the climb. They were replaced in the group by 's Nicolas Roche, rider Andreas Klöden and Luis León Sánchez of , with the six riders remaining together off the front into the finishing straight in Brive-la-Gaillarde. Roche and Sánchez attacked for the line, but both riders were usurped by the finish of sprinter Mark Cavendish following a lead-out from Boasson Hagen. Cavendish went around the outside of the pairing and took his 22nd Tour stage victory on the line, matching the tallies of Lance Armstrong, and André Darrigade for fourth place in the all-time Tour stage wins list, and tying Darrigade's record for victories by a sprinter. 's Matthew Goss and Sagan also managed to get ahead of Sánchez and Roche in the closing stages, for second and third places respectively, but were around ten lengths behind Cavendish at the finish. Stage 19 21 July 2012 — Bonneval to Chartres, , (ITT) The penultimate stage of the Tour was the final individual time trial with good roads into the centre of the city of Chartres. With other noted specialists within the time trial discipline having already abandoned the race, the top two riders in the general classification – pairing Bradley Wiggins and Chris Froome – were expected to be the favourites for the stage, having finished first and second in the ninth stage time trial. As was customary of time trial stages, the riders set off in reverse order from where they were ranked in the general classification at the end of the previous stage. Thus, Jimmy Engoulvent of , who, in 153rd place, trailed overall leader Wiggins by 3 hours, 49 minutes and 9 seconds, was the first rider to set off on the stage. Engoulvent recorded a time of 1 hour, 12 minutes and 49 seconds for the course as he was first to reach the line; but his lead was short-lived as several minutes later, rider Julien Fouchard went round the course over two minutes quicker than the time of Engoulvent. 's Johan Vansummeren was the first rider to record a time below 1 hour and 10 minutes with a time of 1 hour, 9 minutes and 24 seconds, before rider Patrick Gretsch recorded a time almost three minutes quicker, having passed the two riders that started directly before him – at one-minute intervals – on the course, and another on the finish line. Gretsch's time held for a considerable amount of time – around 2 hours – and was ultimately good enough for him to place sixth in the final stage results. It was not until the 88th rider to start the course that his time was beaten. Luis León Sánchez of set the best time at each of the three intermediate time-checks along the parcours and eventually crossed the finish line in a time of 1 hour, 6 minutes and 3 seconds, to surpass Gretsch's time by thirty-eight seconds. The Spanish national champion's time held right into the final riders to take to the course, now at three-minute intervals for the last 14 riders. 's Tejay van Garderen, the holder of the white jersey for the young rider classification leader, went beneath Sánchez's time at the first split, but faded on the rest of the course and eventually finished 44 seconds outside of his time in third place. He had already passed his team-mate Cadel Evans, who had started three minutes ahead, on course, and the Boulder, Colorado native later dedicated his performance to the victims of the shooting in nearby Aurora. Only Froome and Wiggins beat the time of van Garderen at the first time-point, with Wiggins beating Froome by a dozen seconds; Wiggins continued to extend his lead on course, holding a 54-second buffer at the second time-check, and 1' 15" at the third. Froome crossed the line in a time of 1 hour, 5 minutes and 29 seconds to beat Sánchez's time by 34 seconds, but Wiggins achieved his second stage win of the race, adding one second to his advantage between the third time-check and the finish; punching the air as he crossed the finish line. The only change in positions for the general classification inside the top ten was Evans being passed for sixth place by 's Haimar Zubeldia – despite nearly hitting a barrier during his pass through the course – by a margin of eight seconds. Stage 20 22 July 2012 — Rambouillet to Paris (Champs-Élysées), The Tour concluded with the now-customary stage finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. The stage had an easy start – with two fourth-category climbs apart, inside the first third of the stage – before eight high-speed laps, followed by the finish, which was expected to result in a sprint for the line. In keeping with tradition, the final stage began at a slow pace, and was a largely ceremonial procession through the suburbs of Paris. Shortly after the riders reached the circuit in the centre of the city, racing began in earnest, and after various unsuccessful attempts, the main break was initiated by Jens Voigt () and 's Danilo Hondo with around to go. Hondo led the field across the final intermediate sprint point of the race, with Voigt just behind. Hondo did not remain out front however, as Voigt was eventually joined by ten other riders to form the breakaway, with their advantage eventually reaching a maximum of around thirty seconds in the closing stages. Hondo later crashed on the final lap, along with rider Mickaël Cherel, but both riders eventually remounted to finish the stage. As the peloton closed down the leaders' advantage, mainly through the work of , and , the breakaway lost members, until they were all caught with remaining. The lead-out train for Mark Cavendish (), which included race leader Wiggins, held the lead of the race through the final corners, and he won the final stage for the fourth successive year, becoming the first incumbent world champion to win on the Champs-Élysées. His 23rd stage victory allowed him to move into fourth place on the all-time Tour stage wins list, while the leaders of the four classifications finished in the peloton to secure their victories, and the traditional prize-giving was made shortly after the race. Notes and references Footnotes References Sources External links Category:2012 Tour de France Category:Tour de France stages	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chungsan concentration camp Chungsan concentration camp (also spelled Jeungsan, Jungsan or Joongsan) is a reeducation camp in North Korea. Its official name is Kyo-hwa-so No. 11 (Reeducation camp no. 11). Location The camp is in Chungsan county, in South Pyongan province of North Korea. It is in the Yellow Sea coast, around west of Pyongyang. Description Chungsan camp is a sprawling largely women's penitentiary with between 3,300 and 5,000 prisoners. Since 1999 the camp is used to detain female defectors, which account for 50–60% of the prisoners, while others are incarcerated for theft, prostitution, unauthorized trade, etc. The camp is surrounded by agricultural plots, where the prisoners have to grow rice and corn for delivery to the Ministry of Public Security. Human rights situation The food rations are very small. According to a former prisoner, one third of the prisoners died from combinations of malnutrition, disease, and forced labor within a year. Dead prisoners are buried in mass graves on a nearby hill. She reported that the prisoners were often beaten with iron bars, if they did not work hard enough. She got very ill, because her wounds from the beatings got infected. In interviews other former prisoners reported about solitary confinement cells, hard work in farming, from 4 a.m. to 7 or 8 p.m. in the farming season, a strict system of control and surveillance, public executions, violent beatings in cases of rule violations. Prisoners (witnesses) Kim Miran (around 2002–2004 in Chungsan) was repatriated from China for illegal border-crossing. An unidentified former prisoner (female, 2004–2005 in Chungsan) gave testimony to HRNK about the camp. She was repatriated from China and imprisoned without a trial for illegal border crossing. Ten other unidentified former prisoners (all female) were interviewed by the Database Center for North Korean Human Rights. Most of them do not want to be identified for fear that their relatives in North Korea are punished. See also Human rights in North Korea Kaechon concentration camp North Korean defectors References External links Committee for Human Rights in North Korea: The Hidden Gulag - Overview of North Korean prison camps with testimonies and satellite photographs Database Center for North Korean Human Rights: Prisoners in North Korea Today - Comprehensive explanation of detention facilities in North Korea based on numerous defector testimonies Category:Concentration camps in North Korea	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Jean Dupuy (artist) Jean Dupuy (born November 22, 1925) is a French-born artist. He is a pioneer of work combining art and technology. He works in the fields of conceptual art, performance art, painting, installations, sculptures and video art. In the 1970s he curated many performance art events involving different artists from Fluxus, the New York's avant-garde and neo-dada scene. Many of his works are part of important collections such as Centre Pompidou in Paris and MAMAC of Nice. Works Dupuy started his career as a painter, but in 1967 he destroyed most of his works by throwing them into the Seine. On moving to New York he exhibited his installation Heart Beats Dust at the Museum of Modern Art and Brooklyn Museum, as part of the 1968 exhibition "The Machine as Seen at the End of the Mechanical Age". The work, consisting of dust enclosed in a glass box and made visible by an infra-red beam, won a competition arranged by Experiments in Art and Technology for collaborative work between artists and engineers. His 1971 installation FEWA FUEL was made in collaboration with engineers at Cummins. In 1974 he organised the "Soup & Tart" performance event, which included contributions from Philip Glass, Gordon Matta-Clark, Joan Jonas, Richard Serra and Yvonne Rainer. From 1976 he worked in close collaboration with George Maciunas. His works for Judson Church, Artists Space, P.S.1 and the Musée du Louvre were created in collaboration with artists such as Nam June Paik, Claes Oldenburg, Charlemagne Palestine, George Maciunas, Carolee Schneemann, Joan Jonas, Richard Serra, Gordon Matta-Clark, Robert Filliou, Charles Dreyfus, Laurie Anderson, Philip Glass and Charlotte Moorman. In 1978 he invited 40 artists to contribute "One Minute Performances" in front of the Mona Lisa at the Louvre. The event was held on a Sunday, the day of free admission to the museum. In 2003 he had a solo exhibition at the Emily Harvey Foundation, where he exhibited anagrammatic texts and works made out of found stones. Bibliography Monographs 2008 - En quatrième vitesse, Texts by Robert Bonaccorsi and Erik Verhagen, Semiose editions, Villa Arson, Villa Tamaris, MAMAC, Nice, FRAC Bourgogne, Dijon, (). 2008 - À la bonne heure, Texts by Michel Giroud, Eric Mangion and Arnaud Labelle-Rojoux, Semiose editions, Villa Arson, Villa Tamaris, MAMAC (Nice), FRAC Bourgogne (Dijon), (). 2008 - Rouge et Blanc, Semiose editions, 14 pages, color (). 2008 - Sédimentations, FRAC Bourgogne Edition, color, (). 2008 - Itératio, FRAC Bourgogne Edition, 64 pages, color, (). 2006 - Les Tons de son cru, Co-edition FRAC Bourgogne & Ministère de la Culture, 700 exemplaries, 64 pages, color, (). 2006 - Un ton de mon cru, Semiose editions, 82 pages, color, (). 2003 - Anagram bookshop, Emily Harvey Gallery, New York, 48 pages, color, English. 2002 - Pierres, Co-edition FRAC Bourgogne & Ministère de la Culture, 1000 exemplaries, 45 pages, color, (). 2002 - Mimi Lulu (Anagrammaire 2), Edition FRAC Bourgogne, 24 pages, color, (). 2002 - Chez Olgadorno à Puerto Rico, Edition FRAC Bourgogne, 24 pages, color, (). 2000 - Sans queue ni tête, Galerie Commune, Tourcoing, 56 pages, color, French/English, (). 1999 - Jean Dupuy chez Conz, Edition FRAC Bourgogne, 80 pages, black & white and color, French/English. 1997 - Anagrammaire, Edition A bruit secret, Dunkerque, 58 pages, color. 1997 - Sans titre - Titre : Sans Oeuvres, Francesco Milani, Verona, 65 pages, black & white and color. 1997 - L'art est ci, l'art est là, Francesco Milani, Verona, 65 pages, black & white and color. 1996 - The Stutterer, Edited by Mathieu Dupuy, Honfleur, limited édition of 101 numbered exemplaires, 25 pages, black & white and color, English. 1995 - Seconde vue, FRAC Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, 25 pages, black & white, (). 1995 - Oh ! Oh ! Ah ?, Galerie Le Regard Sans Cran d'Arrêt, Dunkerque, Edition of 1000 exemplaries, 38 pages, color. 1994 - Le hasard, c'est moi, J & J Donguy, Paris, 50 pages, color. 1994 - Catalogue raisonnable de quelques oeuvres de Léon Bègue, J & J Donguy, 49 pages, color. 1990 - Un anagrammiste atteint de palilalie, J & J Donguy, Paris, 25 pages, color. 1989 - Léon, Edition Rainer Verlag, Berlin, with the support of Berliner Künstlerprogramm des Daad (German office of university exchanges), 85 pages, color, (). 1987 - Ypudu anagrammiste, Christian Xatrec publication, New York, 192 pages, black & white and color, (). 1981 - Calais pas de calais, Galerie de l'Ancienne Poste, Calais, 48 pages, black & white. Collective books 2012 - La Plasticité du Langage - à la Fondation Hippocrène, Beaux-Arts éditions, 50 pages, color, (). 2010 - Le Printemps de Septembre à Toulouse, Edition le Printemps de Septembre, 159 pages, color, (). 1980 - Collective Consciousness: Art Performances in the Seventies, written by Jean Dupuy, Performing Arts Journal Publications, New York, Edition of 3000 exemplars, 245 pages, black & white, (). 1968 - The Machine, Museum of Modern Art, New York, Texts by Karl Gunnar Pontus Hulten, 218 pages, black & white and blue monochrome, English. 1968 - Some More Beginnings, E.A.T., 122 pages, black & white, English. References External links Galerie Loevenbruck / Jean Dupuy Musée d'Art Moderne et d'Art Contemporain Nice website (French language) Listening Le drapeau de George Maciunas, produced for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Éditions Système Minuit, CD, Montreal (to be published in 2008) Public collections Fonds National d’Art Contemporain, Puteaux, France Centre Pompidou - Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France Fonds Régional d'Art Contemporain Bretagne, Châteaugiron, France Fonds Régional d'Art Contemporain Bourgogne, Dijon, France MAC, Lyon, France The Barnes Foundation, New York, USA The Emily Harvey Foundation, New York, USA The Lannan Foundation, Miami, USA Universcience / La Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie, Paris, France Category:People from Moulins, Allier Category:American contemporary artists Category:American video artists Category:Fluxus Category:French contemporary artists Category:Living people Category:1925 births	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bill Cheng Bill Cheng (born 1983) is a Chinese-American writer. He is best known for his novel Southern Cross The Dog. It follows the story of a boy who survives the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and then spends several decades as a refugee, an abandoned orphan and then an itinerant laborer. Cheng holds an MFA in writing at Hunter College. Books References Category:Living people Category:American male writers Category:American writers of Chinese descent Category:1983 births Category:People from Queens, New York Category:Writers from New York City Category:Hunter College alumni	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Free & Equal Elections Foundation The Free & Equal Elections Foundation (Free & Equal) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit, non-partisan organization in the United States, the mission of which is to empower American voters through education and advocacy of electoral reforms. Free & Equal leads national, state, and local efforts to open the electoral process in the United States by hosting all-inclusive gubernatorial, Presidential, and senatorial debates; organizing Electoral Reform Symposiums; producing United We Stand tours; and supporting individuals running for office. Free & Equal was first organized in 1982 as the Foundation for Free Campaigns and Elections, before being formally reorganized in 2008 by Christina Tobin, an American activist and leader in the election reform and voters' rights movement. Presidential debates 2008 During the 2008 presidential election, Free & Equal hosted a presidential debate at the Mayflower Renaissance Hotel in Washington, D.C. on October, 23rd, 2008. Constitution Party candidate Chuck Baldwin and independent candidate Ralph Nader participated in a debate moderated by journalist Chris Hedges. The Free & Equal debate was the only presidential debate featuring independent and third-party candidates held during the 2008 election to be broadcast to a national audience. The debate was broadcast live on C-SPAN2 in prime time. 2012 In 2012, Free & Equal sponsored the October 23, 2012 debate among four third party candidates for President of the United States. It featured Gary Johnson (Libertarian Party), Jill Stein (Green Party), Virgil Goode (Constitution Party), and Rocky Anderson (Justice Party). The debate was moderated by former Larry King Live host Larry King and Christina Tobin. It was televised by RT TV, Al Jazeera English, and C-SPAN. On November 5, RT TV broadcast the two candidates voted winners of that debate, Gary Johnson and Jill Stein, from RT TV’s Washington, DC studio. (The debate was postponed from October 30 because of Hurricane Sandy.) 2016 Free & Equal hosted an open debate along with Student Voices Count at the University of Colorado Boulder's Macky Auditorium on October 25, 2016. Originally, all presidential candidates with ballot access sufficient to represent a majority of electoral votes were invited. in October 2016, Free and Equal extended the invitation to all candidates with ballot lines representing at least fifteen percent of potential voters: the Democratic, Republican, Libertarian, Green, Constitution, Reform, and Socialism and Liberation parties, as well as independent candidate Evan McMullin. Gary Johnson, who participated in the 2012 debate, had already publicly declined in July 2016 to debate Jill Stein on The Young Turks because of a matter of "just time". Electoral Reform Symposiums Since 2009, Free & Equal has hosted electoral reform symposiums to unite intellectuals and experts to share and debate reforms to the U.S. electoral system. Past panelists and speakers include President of The League of Women Voters of Colorado Nancy Crow, Deputy Secretary of State of Colorado Suzanne Staiert, Founder of FairVote Rob Richie, Founder of Nexus Earth Colin Cantrell, Founder of Ballot Access News Richard Winger and more. United We Stand Tour In 2014, Free & Equal launched United We Stand, a festival and tour uniting the younger generations with musicians, artists, and thought leaders to promote political and cultural change. Since its inception, the tour has made stops at Belasco Theater in Los Angeles in 2014 and 2015, University of Colorado Boulder in 2016, and Texas A&M University in 2018. The 2019 tour includes Indiana, Texas, Colorado, Oregon, and Tennessee. References External links Free & Equal Elections Foundation, official website Category:Charities based in California Category:Electoral reform in the United States Category:Political and economic research foundations in the United States Category:United States presidential debates	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
David Barnes (politician) David Barnes (1894–9 June 1970) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. Political career Barnes was a farmer who was wounded at Gallipoli and later served in the RAF. He was a founding member and president of the Fairlie Crown Tenant's Association branch. represented the Waitaki electorate from 1935 to 1938, when he was defeated by National candidate David Campbell Kidd. In Barnes contested the seat unsuccessfully. He later commanded the Home Guard in the Timaru district during World War II. He was the Labour Party's candidate for the Christchurch Mayoralty in 1947. He finished second in a three-way contest to the sitting mayor Ernest Andrews. Barnes was later the Director of State Advances Corporation 1939-1954. References Category:1894 births Category:1970 deaths Category:New Zealand Labour Party MPs Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1938 New Zealand general election Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1943 New Zealand general election Category:New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates Category:Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
John Ascroft John H. Ascroft (born 1909) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside left. He made appearance in the English Football League for Wrexham. He also was on the books of EFL clubs Oldham Athletic and Arsenal but never made an appearance for either club. References Category:1909 births Category:Date of death unknown Category:English footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:English Football League players Category:Connah's Quay & Shotton F.C. players Category:Flint Town United F.C. players Category:Oldham Athletic A.F.C. players Category:Arsenal F.C. players Category:Bangor City F.C. players Category:Wrexham A.F.C. players Category:Workington A.F.C. players Category:Runcorn F.C. Halton players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hull City Ladies F.C. Hull City Ladies F.C. is an English women's football club. They currently play in the . They are not affiliated with Hull City A.F.C. and are based in Hull. History The Club was formed in 2001 and played in the Yorkshire & Humberside league before being promoted to North East Women's Premier League 2005–06. Just two years later they were champions of that league and were promoted to Northern Combination, but only stayed for two seasons and was back playing in the NEWPL. In 2011–12 the club merged with Beverley Town Ladies and in four years have gained promotion to the Women's Premier League Northern Division One after finishing champions of the 2014–15 season. The club has grown significantly over the last year, hence the need for the creation of a reserve team, who will play in the Women's Premier League Reserves Division. Sponsors University of Hull are the club's main sponsor and are based on Inglemire Lane. FA Cup The club always enter into the prestigious FA Cup to test themselves against teams in higher divisions and other counties. In the 2018–19 season, the club reached the third round for the first time, before being beaten 3–0 at home by AFC Wimbledon Ladies External links Official club website Category:Women's football clubs in England Women Category:Sport in Kingston upon Hull Category:Football clubs in the East Riding of Yorkshire Category:FA Women's National League teams	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Arambizcarra Arambizcarra is a village in Álava, Basque Country, Spain. Category:Populated places in Álava	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Marie Oppert Marie Oppert is a French singer and actor, born in 1997. Biography Marie Oppert, daughter of musician parents, early starts the learning of the piano and the clarinet, and then during her childhood joins the choir of the College School of Paris (Conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Paris). She appears for the first time on stage in 2008 in the musical "Pinocchio's Journey" ("Le Voyage de Pinocchio") directed by Sandrine Anglade. In 2009, she plays Marta in the musical "The Sound of Music" ("La Mélodie du Bonheur") on the boards of the Théâtre du Châtelet ; for its 2011 repeat, she changes her part for Brigitta. Again in the Châtelet in 2013, she is the violinist of the British production of "Street Scene" from Kurt Weill. The very same year, she performs at the Salle Pleyel as "Mi Bémol" in "Le Clavier Fantastique", the children's opera of Graciane Finzi from Jules Verne. Her career takes off in 2014, when she first plays the young Alice from Lewis Carroll in the show "Alice, la Comédie Musicale" directed by Marina Pangos, which then leads her to be Geneviève in "The Umbrellas of Cherbourg" from Jacques Demy and Michel Legrand at the Théâtre du Châtelet, together with Vincent Niclo, taking with success over the part crafted by Catherine Deneuve in 1964, in the movie from the same name. Alongside her start in the acting profession, she succeeds in her exams of 2015 with the baccalaureate, and joins with enthusiasm the curriculum of the Marymount Manhattan College in New York City. Musical theater 2008: Le Voyage de Pinocchio of Sandrine Anglade from Collodi, theater of Cachan 2009: The Sound of Music from Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, Châtelet : Marta 2011: The Sound of Music, Châtelet : Brigitta 2013: Street Scene from Kurt Weill, Châtelet : the violinist 2013: Le Clavier fantastique from Graciane Finzi, salle Pleyel : Mi Bémol 2014: Alice, la comédie musicale, from Julien Goetz and Marina Pangos, from Lewis Carroll, théâtre Clavel : Alice 2014: Les Parapluies de Cherbourg from Jacques Demy and Michel Legrand : Geneviève Theater 2018: The Idiot from Dostoievski, theater 14 Jean-Marie Serreau References External links Maîtrise de Paris Biographie sur France Musique.fr Marie Oppert : tout d'une grande chanteuse sur NouvelObs.com Dans la loge de Marie Oppert, la révélation des Parapluies de Cherbourg sur France TV info.fr Marie Oppert and Natalie Dessay, Les Parapluies de Cherbourg, 2014 Category:1997 births Category:Living people Category:French singers Category:French actresses Category:21st-century French singers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
André Gegout André Gegout (10 February 1904 – 10 February 1976) was a French speed skater. He competed in five events at the 1924 Winter Olympics. References Category:1904 births Category:1976 deaths Category:French male speed skaters Category:Olympic speed skaters of France Category:Speed skaters at the 1924 Winter Olympics Category:Sportspeople from Vosges (department)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ian Helliwell Ian Helliwell (born 7 November 1962) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker. He played in the Football League for eight clubs. He played for Sheffield Wednesday and Chesterfield as a youth, before joining Matlock Town in non-League football. After four seasons, he moved to the Football League with York City, where he was top scorer for three successive seasons. He moved on to Scunthorpe United, where he was top scorer for one season, before having spells with Rotherham United, Stockport County and Burnley. He was loaned out on three occasions while at Burnley and he finished his career with Ilkeston Town. Career Born in Rotherham, West Riding of Yorkshire, Helliwell attended Old Hall Comprehensive School and started his football career as a junior with Sheffield Wednesday. He had trials at Stoke City before joining the reserve team at Chesterfield in 1982, and during his time as a youth player he worked for steel producer British Steel Corporation. Helliwell moved into non-League football in 1983 with Northern Premier League club Matlock Town, where he scored 68 goals in just over four seasons before signing for Third Division club York City on 23 October 1987 for a £10,000 fee, which remains the record fee paid for a Matlock player. He made his debut a day later in a 4–2 away defeat to Sunderland, and scored his first goal on 7 November 1987 in a 1–1 home draw with Bury. He finished the 1987–88 season with 33 appearances and eight goals, while York were relegated into the Fourth Division. Helliwell finished 1988–89 as York's top scorer with 11 goals from 47 matches, and was voted as the Clubman of the Year by the club's supporters. His only hat-trick for the club came on 7 November 1989 in a 7–1 home victory over Hartlepool United in the Associate Members' Cup, and he finished 1989–90 as York's top scorer for the second successive season with 19 goals, playing in all 54 matches that season. In 1990–91, he finished as top scorer for a third successive season with 10 goals from 49 appearances. Helliwell signed for York's Fourth Division rivals Scunthorpe United on 16 August 1991 for an £80,000 fee. He became the first player to miss a penalty kick in a penalty shoot-out, in an FA Cup match against Rotherham United on 26 November 1991. He played in the 1992 Fourth Division play-off final, which Scunthorpe lost on penalties to Blackpool. Helliwell scored 14 goals from 50 appearances for Scunthorpe in 1991–92. He finished as top scorer for 1992–93 with 18 goals from 52 matches, and before the start of the following season, he signed for Second Division club Rotherham United on 1 August 1993 for a £50,000 fee. He played some matches as a centre back at Rotherham, where he made 47 appearances and scored three goals in 1993–94. Having made 16 appearances and scored three goals during 1994–95, Helliwell signed for Second Division club Stockport County on 12 January 1995 as a replacement for Kevin Francis. He scored twice on his debut on 14 January 1995 in a 4–0 home win over Hull City, and finished the season with 17 appearances and 4 goals for Stockport. Having scored 11 goals in 29 matches during 1995–96, Helliwell signed for Second Division club Burnley on 9 February 1996 for a £30,000 fee. He made four appearances for Burnley before the end of 1995–96. He was loaned out to Third Division club Mansfield Town on 6 September 1996 for one month, and made his debut the following day in a 0–0 away draw with Doncaster Rovers. He scored his only goal in his final match, a 1–1 away draw with Carlisle United on 5 October 1996, finishing his loan at Mansfield with five appearances. Helliwell was soon loaned out to another Third Division club, joining Chester City on 11 October 1996, making his debut a day later in a 0–0 draw away to Scarborough. His only goal came on 19 October 1996 in a 2–1 home win over Exeter City, and having made nine appearances returned to Burnley in December. His only appearances of 1997–98 came after joining Third Division club Doncaster on loan on 3 November 1997, debuting the following day in a 1–1 home draw with Cardiff City. He finished the loan with nine appearances and one goal, which came on 2 December 1997 in a 2–1 home win over Chester. Helliwell returned to playing non-League football when joining Southern League club Ilkeston Town in 1998 and featured for them in FA Cup matches against Football League teams Carlisle United and Swindon Town. Having returned to semi-professional football, he worked part-time as an electrician. Helliwell took over as caretaker manager at Ilkeston after Keith Alexander resigned in October 2000, and led the team to the first round of the FA Cup before John McGovern was appointed in November. In March 2001, Helliwell was appointed as one of a three-man management team at Ilkeston alongside former Burnley teammate Charlie Bishop and former York teammate Chris Marples. The trio guided the club to safety at the end of 2000–01; Marples was consequently hired as manager on a permanent basis in May 2001 and Helliwell returned to his playing role. After Marples left Ilkeston in March 2002, Bishop and Helliwell took caretaker charge before John McGinlay was appointed later that month. Helliwell retired from football following 2001–02, having spent four seasons with Ilkeston. Style of play Helliwell played as a striker and at , his height made him a "useful aerial weapon". Career statistics Honours Individual York City Clubman of the Year: 1988–89 References External links Category:1962 births Category:Living people Category:Footballers from Rotherham Category:English footballers Category:Association football forwards Category:Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players Category:Chesterfield F.C. players Category:Matlock Town F.C. players Category:York City F.C. players Category:Scunthorpe United F.C. players Category:Rotherham United F.C. players Category:Stockport County F.C. players Category:Burnley F.C. players Category:Mansfield Town F.C. players Category:Chester City F.C. players Category:Doncaster Rovers F.C. players Category:Ilkeston Town F.C. (1945) players Category:Northern Premier League players Category:English Football League players Category:Southern Football League players Category:English football managers Category:Ilkeston Town F.C. managers Category:Southern Football League managers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kassa (Bithynia) Kassa was a town of ancient Bithynia. Its name does not occur in ancient authors but is inferred from epigraphic and other evidence. Its site is located near Sapanca in Asiatic Turkey. References Category:Populated places in Bithynia Category:Former populated places in Turkey Category:History of Sakarya Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Otar Chiladze Otar Chiladze (; March 20, 1933 — October 1, 2009) was a Georgian writer who played a prominent role in the resurrection of Georgian prose in the post-Joseph Stalin era. His novels characteristically fuse Sumerian and Hellenic mythology with the predicaments of a modern Georgian intellectual. Biography Chiladze was born in Sighnaghi, a town in Kakheti, the easternmost province of then-Soviet Georgia. He graduated from the Tbilisi State University with a degree in journalism in 1956. His works, primary poetry, first appeared in the 1950s. At the same time, Chiladze engaged in literary journalism, working for leading magazines in Tbilisi. He gained popularity with his series of lengthy, atmospheric novels, such as A Man Was Going Down the Road (1972–3), Everyone That Findeth Me (1976), Avelum (1995), and others. He was a chief editor of the literary magazine Mnatobi since 1997. Chiladze also published several collections of poems and plays. He was awarded the Shota Rustaveli Prize in 1983 and the State Prize of Georgia in 1993. Chiladze died after a long illness in October 2009 and was buried at the Mtatsminda Pantheon in Tbilisi, where some of the most prominent writers, artists, scholars, and national heroes of Georgia are buried. His elder brother Tamaz Chiladze is also a writer. Bibliography Otar Chiladze's novels characteristically fuse Sumerian and Hellenic mythology with the predicaments of a modern Georgian intellectual. He gained popularity with his series of lengthy, atmospheric novels, such as A Man Was Going Down the Road (1972-3), Everyone That Findeth Me (1976), Avelum (1995), and others. Otar Chiladze who became a Georgian classic author during his lifetime was awarded some Highest State Prizes of Georgia and in 1998 was nominated for the Nobel Prize along with five other writers. His works are translated into English, Russian , Armenian , Estonian , Serbian, French, Danish, German, Bulgarian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovakian and Spanish. Otar Chiladze’s novels A Man Was Going Down the Road and Avelum, translated by Donald Rayfield, were published in the United Kingdom in 2012 and 2013. The Cloud, Intelekti Publishing, 2014 The Sky Starts on Earth, Intelekti Publishing, 2010 Poetry Collection, Pegasi Publishing, 2010 Eternity Ahead, Intelekti Publishing, 2009 100 Poems, Intelekti Publishing, 2009 Tsete’s Red Boots, Pegasi Publishing, 2007. Happy Martyr, Logos Press Publishing, 2003 The Basket, Rustavi 2 Print, 2003, Arete Publishing, 2006 The Stairs, Publishing Sani, 2003 Avelum, Merani Publishing, 1995 The March Rooster, Merani Publishing, 1987, Arete Publishing 2007 Remember Life, Publishing Sov. Georgia, 1984, Pegasi Publishing, 2010 The Iron Theatre, Merani Publishing, 1981, Arete Publishing, 2007 Everyone That Findeth Me, Publishing Sov. Georgia, 1975, Arete Publishing, 2007 The Other Side of Heart, Publishing Sov. Georgia,1974 A Man Was Going Down the Road, Merani Publishing, 1973, Arete 2007 Nine Long Poems, Publishing Sov. Georgia, 1969, The Child Humored the Guests, Merani Publishing, 1968 Clay Tablets, Publishing Sov. Georgia, 1963, Trains and Passengers, Publishing Sov. Writer, 1959 Prizes Literary Award SABA 2003 in category the best novel for The Basket. Ilia Chavchavadze State Prize 1997 for Artistic Work. The State Prize of Georgia 1993 for his Contribution to the Georgian Literature. Shota Rustaveli State Prize 1983 for The Iron Theatre References Category:1933 births Category:2009 deaths Category:Writers from Georgia (country) Category:Male poets from Georgia (country) Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Georgia (country) Category:Rustaveli Prize winners Category:20th-century poets from Georgia (country) Category:20th-century dramatists and playwrights Category:Magic realism writers Category:Postmodern writers Category:20th-century male writers Category:20th-century dramatists and playwrights from Georgia (country)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Talmassons Talmassons is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about southwest of Udine. Talmassons borders the following municipalities: Bertiolo, Castions di Strada, Lestizza, Mortegliano, Pocenia, Rivignano. References External links Official website Category:Cities and towns in Friuli-Venezia Giulia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Archytas of Mytilene Archytas () of Mytilene was a musician of ancient Greece who may perhaps also have been the author of the work Περὶ Αὐλῶν, which is sometimes ascribed to Archytas of Tarentum. Notes Category:Ancient Greek musicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2018 European Men's Handball Championship squads This article displays the squads for the 2018 European Men's Handball Championship. Each team consists of up to 28 players, of whom 16 may be fielded for each match. Age, club, caps and goals as of 12 January 2018. Group A Croatia A 22-player squad was announced on 31 December 2017. The final squad was revealed on 11 January 2018. Two days later, Domagoj Duvnjak has been replaced by Denis Buntić due to an injury in the match against Serbia. Ivan Pešić replaced Mirko Alilović on 16 January 2018. Two days later, Marino Marić replaced Denis Buntić. Alilović rejoined the squad on 20 January 2018 and replaced Ivan Pešić. Igor Vori and Jakov Gojun were replaced six days later by Tin Kontrec and Halil Jaganjac. Head coach: Lino Červar Iceland The squad was announced on 16 December 2017. Head coach: Geir Sveinsson Serbia The squad was announced on 11 January 2018. Nikola Crnoglavac replaced Marko Vujin on 16 January 2018 due to an injury. Dobrivoje Marković was replaced by Darko Stevanović six days later. Vanja Ilić was added to the squad on 24 January 2018 to replace Milan Jovanović. Head coach: Jovica Cvetković Sweden The squad was announced on 21 December 2017. Viktor Östlund replaced Johan Jakobsson on 24 January 2018. Two days later, Albin Lagergren was replaced by Andreas Cederholm. Head coach: Kristján Andrésson Group B Austria A 17-player squad was announced on 26 December 2017. On 15 January 2018, Alexander Hermann was replaced by Thomas Kandolf due to an injury. Head coach: Patrekur Jóhannesson Belarus The squad was announced on 26 December 2017. On 4 January 2018, 17 players were called up and 18 six days later. Hleb Harbuz was replaced by Mikalai Aliokhin on 22 January 2018. Head coach: Yuri Shevtsov France A 21-player squad was announced on 8 December 2017. It was down to 20, after Olivier Nyokas left the team with an injury on 29 December 2017. The final squad was revealed on 8 January 2018. Romain Lagarde and Luka Karabatić replaced Timothey N'Guessan and Benjamin Afgour on 20 January 2018. Benjamin Afgour and Luka Karabatić rejoined the squad in favour of Timothey N'Guessan and Dika Mem on 28 January 2018. Head coach: Didier Dinart/Guillaume Gille Norway An 18-player squad was announced on 19 December 2017. The final squad was revealed on 11 January 2018. On 16 January 2018, Joakim Hykkerud replaced Espen Lie Hansen in the squad. Two days later, Lie Hansen replaced Hykkerud. Espen Christensen was replaced by Kristian Sæverås on 24 January 2018. Head coach: Christian Berge Group C Germany A 20-player squad was announced on 15 December 2017. The final squad was revealed on 7 January 2018. On 17 January 2018, Bastian Roscheck was replaced by Finn Lemke. Rune Dahmke replaced Maximilian Janke three days later. Paul Drux was forced to leave due to an injury with Maximilian Janke replacing him on 22 January 2018. Head coach: Christian Prokop Macedonia A 21-player squad was announced on 14 December 2017. It was reduced to 19 on 10 January 2018. Filip Lazarov was injured on 17 January 2018 and replaced by Velko Markoski. Nikola Markoski was replaced after Filip Lazarov rejoined the squad four days later. Goce Ojleski replaced Kiril Lazarov on 24 January 2018. Head coach: Raúl González Montenegro A 20-player squad was announced on 22 December 2017. Mile Mijušković was replaced by Nebojša Simić on 15 January 2018. Mirko Radović replaced Žarko Pejović two days later. Head coach: Dragan Đukić Slovenia A 21-player squad was announced on 14 December 2017. Nik Henigman was replaced by Gregor Potočnik on 15 January 2018. Patrik Leban and Urh Kastelic replaced Jan Grebenc and Urban Lesjak seven days later. Head coach: Veselin Vujović Group D Czech Republic An 18-player squad was announced on 29 December 2017. The final squad was revealed on 11 January 2018. Peter Šlachta replaced Štěpán Zeman on 21 January 2018. Zeman rejoined the squad three days later to replace Michal Kasal. Head coach: Jan Filip/Daniel Kubeš Denmark The squad was announced on 15 December 2017. Peter Balling replaced Anders Zachariassen on 17 January 2018. Zachariassen rejoined the squad and replaced Niclas Kirkeløkke two days later. Niclas Kirkeløkke and Kevin Møller replaced Rene Toft Hansen and Peter Balling on 28 January 2018. Head coach: Nikolaj Jacobsen Hungary An 18-player squad was announced on 30 December 2017. Uroš Vilovski and Iman Jamali were replaced by Dávid Fekete and Ádám Országh on 17 January 2018. Head coach: Ljubomir Vranjes Spain A 19-player squad was announced on 14 December 2017. It was reduced to 17 on 30 December 2017. Aitor Ariño replaced Ángel Fernández Pérez on 15 January 2018. Two days later, Julen Aguinagalde was replaced by Iosu Goñi Leoz. On 21 January 2018, Julen Aguinagalde rejoined the squad instead of Iosu Goñi Leoz. Iosu Goñi Leoz rejoined the squad on 24 January 2018, replacing Daniel Dujshebaev. Gonzalo Pérez de Vargas was replaced by Arpad Šterbik two days later. Head coach: Jordi Ribera References External links Official website Squads Category:European Handball Championship squads	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Alamnagar railway station Alamnagar railway station is a small railway station in Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh. Its code is AMG. It serves Alamnagar area of Lucknow. The station consists of three platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. References Category:Lucknow NR railway division Category:Railway stations in Lucknow district	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Cuilo-Camboso Cuilo-Camboso is a town and commune of Angola, located in the province of Uíge. See also Communes of Angola References Category:Populated places in Uíge Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Thomas Chang For the article about an American reproductive biologist see Thomas S. K. Chang Thomas Ming Swi Chang, (born 8 April 1933) is a Canadian physician, medical scientist, and inventor. In 1957, while an undergraduate at McGill University he invented the world's first artificial cell. Working with improvised materials like perfume atomizers inside his dorm room turned laboratory, Chang managed to create a permeable plastic sack that would effectively carry haemoglobin almost as effectively as a natural blood cell. He went on to complete his B.Sc. (1957), M.D. (1961), and Ph.D (1965) degrees at McGill. Chang's career continued as founder and Director of the Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre and Professor of Physiology, Medicine & Biomedical Engineering in the Faculty of Medicine at McGill University. In the late 1960s he discovered enzymes carried by artificial cells could correct some metabolic disorders and also developed charcoal-filled cells to treat drug poisoning. His work on finding a safe blood substitute brought him to prominence in the 1980s and 1990s, earning him an Order of Canada. The Canadian Academy of Health Sciences states, "Dr. Chang’s original ideas were years ahead of the modern era of nanotechnology, regenerative medicine, gene therapy, stem cell/cell therapy and blood substitutes. Evidence of his stature within the international scientific community was confirmed by two nominations for the Nobel Prize". In 2011, Dr. Chang was voted the winner of the Greatest McGillian contest organized by the McGill Alumni Association for McGill's 190th anniversary. Dr. Chang has remained resolutely focused on science, and largely indifferent to the commercial aspects of his work. “To me as a scientist what is most important is what is most useful to the patient, not what is good for your reputation or what pays the most money. The sick patient should be the most important stimulus for our work.” References External links Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes & Nanomedicine at the Artificial Cells & Organs Research Centre Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:Canadian inventors Category:Canadian medical academics Category:Canadian physiologists Category:Chinese emigrants to Canada Category:McGill University alumni Category:McGill University faculty Category:Officers of the Order of Canada Category:People from Shantou	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Piszczatka, Hajnówka County Piszczatka is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czeremcha, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. References Category:Villages in Hajnówka County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Princess of Wales Theatre The Princess of Wales Theatre is a 2,000-seat live theatre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located on King Street West, in Toronto's downtown Entertainment District. The theatre's name has a triple meaning: it honours Diana, Princess of Wales, with whose consent the theatre was named; it links the building to its sister theatre, the Royal Alexandra, one block to the east, also named – with Royal assent – for a former Princess of Wales; and it recalls the Princess Theatre, Toronto's first "first-class legitimate" playhouse, that stood three blocks to the east until 1931. History Ed and David Mirvish built the theatre as a state-of-the-art facility to stage large-scale musicals for long runs. The family's Mirvish Productions owns Toronto's Royal Alexandra, Ed Mirvish (formerly the Canon), and Panasonic theatres. The Mirvish family owns the former Honest Ed's department store and the Markham Street "Markham Village" retail district, which are currently being rebuilt. Construction began on August 6, 1991. The project architect was Peter Smith, of the Toronto firm Lett-Smith. Smith was also responsible for the duMaurier Theatre Centre in Toronto and for the restoration of the Grand Theatre, in London, Ontario. For the Princess of Wales Theatre, David Mirvish commissioned a series of murals by American abstract expressionist painter and sculptor Frank Stella. The paintings——cover the auditorium ceiling dome, the proscenium arch, the walls of lounges and lobbies on all four levels of the theatre and the outside back wall of the fly tower. They are believed to comprise one of the largest mural installations of modern times. Stella also designed the decorative fronts of the boxes and balconies and the decorative end-caps of the each seating row. The theatre has seating on three levels—orchestra, dress circle and balcony—with elevator access to all levels and is configured as a traditional 19th century English proscenium theatre. Further, the entire theatre is barrier-free, enabling wheelchair access to all levels — not a common occurrence in Toronto considering the age of many of its theatres. The Princess of Wales Theatre is designed to incorporate both traditional and contemporary design elements. The Toronto Star described it as "...a glittering glass jewelry case, a sparkling glimpse into a spectacle of total design." It is often used for study by architecture, engineering, design, and theatre students. The theatre opened on May 26, 1993, with a Canadian production of the megamusical Miss Saigon. Subsequent productions in the Princess of Wales have included the musicals Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King, Les Misérables, Hairspray, Chicago, Oliver!, Cabaret, The Phantom of the Opera and The Sound of Music. A stage production of The Lord of the Rings made its world premiere in the facilities on February 8, 2006, losing money owing to terrible reviews and a lack of public interest. The original stage was gutted and replaced with a complex stage surface that includes three interlocking turntables and 17 independent elevators for this production. The National Theatre's production of War Horse opened at the theatre on February 10, 2012. On September 29, 2012, after operating for only 19 years, Mirvish Productions announced a plan to demolish the Princess of Wales Theatre in favour of a multi-purpose complex designed by Frank Gehry and which would include an extensive artwork collection available for public viewing, as well as museums, condominium units, and retail spaces. However, in response to criticism from city planners, Mirvish and Gehry announced a revised plan in May 2014 which would spare the structure. See also Massey Hall Roy Thomson Hall Sony Centre for the Performing Arts Royal eponyms in Canada References External links Mirvish Productions, Princess of Wales web page Category:Theatres in Toronto Category:Diana, Princess of Wales Category:Mirvish family	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Princess Alia bint Hussein Princess Alia bint Hussein (born 13 February 1956) is the eldest child of King Hussein of Jordan. Her mother is his first wife, Sharifa Dina bint Abdul-Hamid. Education Princess Alia received her primary education in Amman, attending Ahliyyah School for Girls and Rosary College, Amman. She then attended Sibton Park School in Lyminge, England, until 1968, after spending one year at Benenden School in Kent (1969–70), and obtaining her A-Levels in Arabic, English, and French from Millfield School in Somerset, England, in 1972. Princess Alia graduated with honours from the University of Jordan in 1977, obtaining a bachelor's degree in English literature. Marriage Princess Alia married Lieutenant-Colonel Nasser Wasfi Mirza (b. 1945) on 12 April 1977 in the Raghadan Palace, and has one son from the marriage: Hussein Mirza (born 12 February 1981) Alia and Nasser divorced in 1988. She married Sayyid Mohammed Al-Saleh (elder son of Sayyid Farid Al-Saleh) in Amman on 30 July 1988. They have two children: Talal Al-Saleh (born 12 September 1989) Abdul Hamid Al-Saleh (born 15 November 1992) Princess Alia and her sister Zein are also sisters-in-law. Life and activities Princess Alia worked as registrar and artist with the British School of Archaeology under Crystal Benett OBE, and has been a member of Fakherelnissa' Zeid's Art Group since the 1980s. In her capacity as director of the Royal Stables of Jordan for the Preservation of the Arabian Horses, Princess Alia initiated the festival of the "Arabian Horse at Home" in 1988 (now a yearly event) and organised the Middle East Championships for Purebred Horses, Jordan. She has also founded the Princess Alia Foundation, a non-profit, non-governmental organisation that is under the Ministry of Social Development in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Its stated motto is "Respect and Compassion towards Creation". In that capacity, in 2011, she delivered the keynote address at the World Arabian Horse Organization (WAHO) conference titled "The Relationship Between Horses and Humans in Today's World," drawing clear parallels between animal welfare and human rights. Princess Alia has held a 2 Dan Black Belt Taekwondo since 1987, and enjoys equestrianism,horse breeding, judging of Arabian horses, collecting stamps, reading and sports in general. Equestrianism is a family passion; her haldf-sister, Princess Haya bint Hussein, is the former president of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) and a member of the International Olympic Committee. Notable published works The Arabian Horse of Egypt (), co-authored by Sharifa Sarra Ghazi. Royal Heritage: The Story of Jordan's Arab Horses (), co-authored by Peter Upton. Small Miracles: The Story of the Princess Alia Foundation (), co-authored by Cynthia Culbertson. Honours National honours : Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Star of Jordan : 1st class of Al-Hussein Decoration for Distinguished Contribution (5 February 2007) Foreign honours : Dame Grand Cordon of the Order of the Precious Crown (10 March 1976) : Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit (4 April 2000) : Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic (18 March 1977) References External links Princess Alia Foundation Category:House of Hashim Category:Jordanian princesses Category:1956 births Category:Living people Category:People educated at Millfield Category:University of Jordan alumni Category:People educated at Benenden School Category:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Star of Jordan Category:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown Category:Grand Crosses of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit Category:Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic Category:Jordanian people of Egyptian descent	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
New Mexico State Road 61 State Road 61 (NM 61) is a state highway in the US state of New Mexico. Its total length is approximately . NM 61's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 180 (US 180), and the northern terminus is at NM 152. Major intersections See also References 061 Category:Transportation in Grant County, New Mexico Category:Transportation in Luna County, New Mexico	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Death of Otto Zehm Otto Zehm (1970–2006) was a man with a developmental disability from Spokane, Washington who died on March 20, 2006 during an altercation with police officer Karl F. Thompson Jr. Zehm committed no crime, and on May 30, 2006, the Spokane County coroner ruled the death a homicide. In 2012, the first of several officers on the scene at Zehm's death was convicted of excessive use of force and lying to investigators, and was sentenced to 51 months imprisonment. Incident and death On March 18, 2006, Zehm — who worked as a janitor and did not own a car — had gone on foot to an ATM at his bank to withdraw money from his account. Two young women, who were in a car at the ATM when Zehm arrived, erroneously reported to police by phone that a man was attempting to steal money from the ATM. The women followed Zehm in their car while reporting additional information to the police dispatch by phone. Zehm next entered the convenience store that he routinely visited to buy a soft drink and fast food. Video from the convenience store security cameras show that within sixteen seconds of the officer Thompson entering the store, the officer had run up to Zehm, whose back was initially turned to him, twice ordered him to "drop the pop", and batoned Zehm to the ground - the first of at least seven baton strikes used on Zehm, including strikes to the head. Within another sixteen seconds Zehm had also been tasered. In addition to the multiple beatings and taserings, Zehm was improperly hog-tied by police and placed on his stomach for more than sixteen minutes. Furthermore, the police requested a non-rebreather mask from paramedics at the scene and strapped it to Zehm's face. The non-rebreather mask was not attached to oxygen. Zehm stopped breathing three minutes after the mask was placed on his face. When ruled a homicide by the county coroner on May 30, 2006, the cause of death was reported as "lack of oxygen to the brain due to heart failure while being restrained on his stomach." No illegal drugs or alcohol were found in Zehm's system. Discrepancies resulting from video analysis Police alleged that Zehm had "lunged" at the original officer with a plastic soft drink bottle. However, the silent surveillance video of the incident (the full version of which was withheld by the police for three months - they were initially altered by an unknown member of the Spokane Police Department to splice out scenes incriminating to Thomson ) contradicted this police claim. Then-acting police chief Jim Nicks subsequently stated that he misspoke in alleging Zehm "lunged" at the officer. The video also did not provide support for the officer's claim that he paused and gave verbal orders to Zehm. Each frame showed the officer advancing at a brisk rate while Zehm, after seeing the officer advancing with his baton raised, only back-pedals slowly away. Investigative reports In July 2006, then-Spokane mayor Dennis Hession ordered an independent review of Zehm's death, and in August 2006, the report was commissioned. Known as the Worley Report, after law enforcement consultant Michael Worley, the report was commissioned, to look at the three matters—the Zehm homicide, a Spokane Fire Department sex scandal, and the Spokane City Citizens Review Commission. Worley's findings were made public in a report released on October 26, 2007, but covered only the Fire Department sex scandal and the Citizens Advisory Commission. Worley submitted the incomplete report, for which the City of Spokane paid $8800, pending the completion of other then-pending investigations of the Zehm death, including investigations by the Spokane County Prosecutor's Office, the Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs (WASPC), and the FBI. As of August 18, 2008, the FBI has not closed its investigation of the case and has made no public statements regarding the status of that investigation. Controversy involving officers Three of the seven officers involved in the attack on Zehm received one day of administrative leave (paid). Beyond that, no Spokane Police officer or administrator has been disciplined or suspended or fired as a result of the case. However, one officer involved in the case, Spokane Police officer Jason Uberuaga, was subsequently fired for "conduct unbecoming" after being involved in an October 11, 2007, incident involving alcohol and allegations of sexual misconduct. At the time of that incident, Uberuaga was a member of a federal law enforcement task force. Uberuaga was later reinstated with 10 1/2 months back pay, following a union arbitrator's determination that firing was excessive punishment for the acts committed. Officer Dan Torok A second Spokane Police officer involved in the Zehm case is Dan Torok. In the Zehm case, Torok provided a written statement in which he stated, "When my knee struck him, I heard him exhale and I was able to force his arm behind his back." In addition to Torok's knee in his chest, Zehm was subjected to being hog-tied and placed on his chest for 16 minutes, as well as being subjected to a non-rebreather mask placed on his face without oxygen attached, thus limiting his ability to breathe. Zehm stopped breathing and was transported by para-medic to a Spokane area hospital where he was declared brain-dead and died two days later. Otto Zehm's last words were, "All I wanted was a Snickers Bar" Almost exactly a year after his involvement in Zehm's death, Officer Torok shot and killed a homeless man, Jerome Alford, on March 24, 2007. Following a Spokane area practice in which the Spokane Police and Spokane County Sheriff's Office investigate one another in officer involved deaths, the Spokane County Sheriff's Office was assigned to investigate the shooting of Alford by Torok. Spokane Chief of Police Anne E. Kirkpatrick ordered Torok to provide a written statement, known as a Garrity letter, rather than submit to questioning by the Spokane County Sheriff's Office. Garrity letters are so infrequently used in the area that Spokane County Sheriff's personnel did not initially accept the letter from Torok. Final results of the Sheriff's investigation were never made public. Currently Torok is a Spokane Police Department detective supervising assignments of child abuse cases, and also acting frequently as a spokesperson for the Spokane Police. He is also a controversial participant in on-line blogging at Spokane's only daily newspaper, the Spokesman-Review. In August 2007, he and a colleague, Sgt. Jim Faddis, were discovered blogging anonymously at a Spokesman-Review affiliated blog, Hard 7, until blog manager Frank Sennett discovered their identities and employment with the Spokane Police. Recently another Spokesman-Review blog, Community Comment, has given Torok and Faddis, a former internal affairs officer, semi-official status at Police Blotter, a periodic blog thread identified by a reproduction of the Spokane Police badge at the Spokesman-Review's online blog site. Analysis and impact The Zehm case provoked public outrage, including protests and public challenges to the Spokane Police by critics. On July 9, 2007, in the wake of another police scandal involving the arrest on July 4, 2007 of 17 people in Spokane's Riverfront Park, a group of some 200 people gathered a block from Spokane's Public Safety Building demanding independent oversight of the Spokane Police Department. At the end of the rally, a group of people entered the street and marched to City Hall where they presented their concerns to the Spokane City Council. The case also prompted intense scrutiny by the local media and calls for independent oversight. A series of public meetings were held in the first half of 2007, including a three part series on Police Accountability at Gonzaga University. Participants in the series included Breean Beggs of Spokane's Center for Justice, independent journalist Tim Connor, Spokane Police Chief Anne Kirkpatrick, Spokane City Councilwoman Mary Verner, and others. The series, sponsored by the ACLU, the League of Women Voters, and the Peace and Justice Action League (PJALS), culminated in a growing consensus that an appropriate step to address the concerns about police misconduct would be an independent ombudsman styled after the Boise (Idaho) Office of the Community Ombudsman headed by Pierce Murphy. Murphy visited Spokane several times including to participate in one of the Police Accountability forums at Gonzaga. Murphy also spoke prior to a Whitworth University theater production on Police Accountability and the death of Zehm. The unique event -- Crossing the Line: An Examination of Police, Power and People—was held on May 16, 2008 at Spokane's CenterStage. Federal indictment and trial On June 22, 2009, a federal Grand Jury handed down an indictment on Spokane Police Officer Karl Thompson. Thompson is a veteran of the force and was the first of seven officers that responded to the Zip Trip. The 2 counts are: unreasonable use of force and making a false entry into a record being investigated by a federal agency. Both counts are felonies and could hold a 20-year maximum sentence if Thompson is convicted on both charges. Standard sentencing ranges for these offenses would likely result in confinement in a federal institution for 2–4 years. The unreasonable use of force stems from the surveillance video that shows Thompson approaching Zehm from behind and striking him to the ground moments after Zehm turned and faced the officer without any indication of aggressiveness, followed by multiple vertical baton blows and an application of a drive-stun taser. Zehm was not acting combative at the time of the initial blow and only started fighting back after Thompson engaged Zehm with force. Federal prosecutors confirmed that the unreasonable use of force charge against Thompson was due to the injuries Zehm suffered from the initial baton blows and not Zehm's death. It is unclear at this time if more indictments will be handed down for Zehm's death or for his improper restraint for being hog-tied on his stomach with a non-rebreather mask. Thompson's federal trial began on October 12, 2011 with jury selection. The trial was moved from Spokane to Yakima, Washington after defense attorneys raised concerns about the extent of local media coverage of the controversy. Judge Fred Van Sickle of US District Court in Yakima ruled to exclude residents of Spokane County from the jury pool in the interest of fairness. On November 2, 2011, the jury found Thompson guilty on both counts; excessive use of force and lying to investigators about the confrontation. Over 50 police officers were in attendance when the verdict was announced and saluted Thompson in a show of solidarity. Thompson's defense attorneys argued for a sentence of zero to 16 months, while federal prosecutors recommended a sentence of between 9 and 11 years. On November 15, 2012, Judge Van Sickle sentenced Thompson to 51 months in federal prison. Judge Van Sickle also ordered that Thompson be taken into custody immediately over the objections of Thompson's defense attorney, who wanted him to remain free while the verdict is appealed. Washington State paid $541,180 in legal fees to the law firm defending Karl Thompson. Thompson was declared indigent in July 2009 following an uncontested divorce initiated by his then-wife, Diana J. Thompson. The terms of the divorce decree transferred the bulk of the family assets to Diana, including their $675,000 home, alimony in the amount $1,500 per month, and 50% of Thompson's pension. In addition, all community debts were assigned to Karl Thompson. Thompson continued to live with his ex-wife following the divorce, and shared joint assets and bank accounts in contravention of the divorce decree, until his sentencing and incarceration. Prosecutors have alleged the divorce was fraudulent, undertaken for the dual purposes of shielding assets from the civil suit filed by the Zehm family and forcing the State of Washington to pay for Thompson's legal defense costs. Thompson is currently serving his sentence at the Federal Correctional Institution, Safford, a low-security prison in Arizona. , Mr Thompson was released from the prison. Settlement of civil case On August 22, 2012, the civil case brought by the Estate of Otto Zehm was closed following mediation and settlement. The settlement included a $1.67 million payment to the family, and budgeting for specialized training for all Spokane Police Officers more than 1 year from retirement. The training will focus on police interaction with mentally ill detainees. The settlement also includes a budget for implementation of new rules regarding the use of force, and a permanent memorial to Otto Zehm. Attorneys for the Estate were Breean Beggs and Jeffry Finer; and for the City of Spokane, Nancy Isserlis. See also Positional asphyxia List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United States References Category:1970 births Category:2006 deaths Category:American people with disabilities Category:Deaths from hypoxia Category:Deaths in police custody in the United States Category:Death in Washington (state) Category:People from Spokane, Washington Category:People with intellectual impairment Category:Police brutality in the United States Category:Victims of police brutality Category:2006 in Washington (state) Category:Crimes in Washington (state) Category:Deaths by person in the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
A4 road (Poland) REDIRECT A4 autostrada (Poland)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lúcio Carlos Cajueiro Souza Lúcio Carlos Cajueiro Souza (born 20 June 1979), commonly known as Lúcio, is a Brazilian former footballer. Career Lúcio was born in Olinda, Recife, Pernambuco. In his career he played for clubs like Unibol (1997–1999), São Bento, Gama and XV de Piracicaba (2000–2001), Ituano and São Caetano (2002), Palmeiras (2003–2006) and São Paulo (2006). In January 2007, he was signed by Bundesliga club Hertha BSC. In September 2007, he suffered a knee injury which threatened to end his career. He was ruled him for the rest of the 2007–08 season, and most of the 2008–09 season. After almost a year and a half, he was finally able to play again, making a late appearance in Hertha's UEFA Cup match against Olympiacos. However, Lúcio was unable to reestablish himself in the team and on 18 August 2009, Hertha loaned him to Gremio. In July 2010 he moved to Grêmio on a free transfer from Hertha BSC. Honours São Paulo State Championship: 2002 Rio Grande do Sul Championship: 2007 Brazilian Championship: 2006 References External links Category:1979 births Category:Living people Category:People from Pernambuco Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Association football defenders Category:Esporte Clube São Bento players Category:Sociedade Esportiva do Gama players Category:Esporte Clube XV de Novembro (Piracicaba) players Category:Ituano FC players Category:Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras players Category:São Paulo FC players Category:Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players Category:Clube Náutico Capibaribe players Category:Fortaleza Esporte Clube players Category:Brazilian expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Germany Category:Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players Category:Bundesliga players Category:Hertha BSC players Category:Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Germany Category:Salgueiro Atlético Clube players Category:Santa Cruz Futebol Clube players Category:Veranópolis Esporte Clube Recreativo e Cultural players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ion Mărgineanu Ion Mărgineanu is a Moldovan politician. Biography He served as member of the Parliament of Moldova. External links Cine au fost şi ce fac deputaţii primului Parlament din R. Moldova (1990-1994)? Declaraţia deputaţilor din primul Parlament Site-ul Parlamentului Republicii Moldova References Category:Living people Category:Moldovan MPs 1990–1994 Category:Popular Front of Moldova politicians Category:Popular Front of Moldova MPs Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Maddington, Wiltshire Maddington is a small settlement and former civil parish on Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, England. It is on the River Till. Its nearest town is Amesbury, about to the southeast. At the time of the Domesday Book (1086), the manor was held by Amesbury Abbey. In 1825 the parish contained seventy-eight houses and had a population of 369. By 1841 the parish of Maddington extended east and south of the village. For local government purposes, Maddington was added to the adjoining Shrewton parish in 1934. As Shrewton expanded during the 20th century, Maddington became an area of Shrewton. St Mary's Church was built in the 13th century, then partly rebuilt in the 17th and 19th. It was declared redundant in 1975 and is now in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. Maddington Manor is a two-storey 18th-century house in brick, remodelled and extended at the front in the 1830s. See also Maddington, Quebec, a small town in Canada which was named for this Maddington References External links Maddington at genuki.org.uk Category:Villages in Wiltshire Category:Former civil parishes in Wiltshire	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
José Belizón Tocino José Belizón Tocino (Puerto Real, (Cádiz), 28 October 1930 – Cádiz, 27 November 1997) was a Spanish painter. He was born in a humble family and showed good skills for drawing since he was a child. He lived his early childhood during the Spanish Civil War. Early, he had contact with other artists, like Pierre de Matheu. He combined his artistic activity with his job as forger in the shipyards of Puerto Real. He was married to María Ligero Bernal and had three sons and eight daughters. He mainly used oil paint in his works, as well as other techniques like fresco painting. His work includes a wide range of themes (landscapes, portraits, marines), all of them in a figurative style. At the same time, he worked in restoration of paintings and sculptures. His most important artistic references and influences must be found among the baroque Spanish painters, such as Velázquez, Murillo or Zurbarán and other later ones like Goya. During his lifetime, he took part in many art exhibitions throughout the province of Cádiz. In 1983, the Council of Puerto Real made him work in a big-dimension painting to commemorate the fifth centennial of the foundation of Puerto Real by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain in 1483. That oil painting was placed in the main hall of the old Town Hall in Puerto Real, showing the moment of the foundation of the city in a scene where many local places can be recognised. After his death in 1997, an exhibition reuniting most of his work was organised in Puerto Real. Nowadays, a street in his hometown, has his name. His works are owned by both public and private owners and organizations in Spain and other European countries. References Category:1930 births Category:1997 deaths Category:20th-century Spanish painters Category:Spanish male painters	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chelipodozus luteothorax Chelipodozus luteothorax is a species of dance flies, in the fly family Empididae. References Category:Empididae Category:Insects described in 2008 Category:Diptera of South America	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Gledzianówek Gledzianówek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witonia, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Witonia, north-east of Łęczyca, and north of the regional capital Łódź. References Category:Villages in Łęczyca County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Oresegun Olumide Oresegun Olumide is a Nigerian hyper-realistic artist. On 8 March 2016, he received media attention in Nigeria and beyond after he posted some of his oil on canvas paintings on social media website Facebook. Early life and education Born in Ikorodu, a suburb of Lagos, Olumide's love for drawing and painting started when he was 4. He is an alumnus of Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos where he graduated with a distinction in Fine Art. He cites Pablo Picasso and Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni as his role models. Career Olumide started painting professionally in 2005. His drawing and painting are inspired by his environment, mostly using water as the principal theme of his works. Olumide currently owns an art studio in Ikorodu where he showcases his works and exhibitions. References Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:Artists from Lagos Category:Yoruba artists Category:Yaba College of Technology alumni Category:21st-century Nigerian artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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