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Uğurca, Beşiri
|
{
"id": [
20483999
],
"name": [
"Monkbot"
]
}
|
f79bvnpk9h4lr53nx8oxcv3f0crb5cv
|
2024-10-21T10:52:22Z
| 1,140,565,798 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Uğurca** () is a village in the [Beşiri District](/wiki/Be%C5%9Firi_District \"Beşiri District\") of [Batman Province](/wiki/Batman_Province \"Batman Province\") in [Turkey](/wiki/Turkey \"Turkey\"). The village is populated by [Kurds](/wiki/Kurds \"Kurds\") of the Reşkotan tribe and had a population of 122 in 2021\\. The village is populated by [Yazidis](/wiki/Yazidis \"Yazidis\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Villages in Beşiri District](/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Be%C5%9Firi_District \"Villages in Beşiri District\")\n[Category:Kurdish settlements in Batman Province](/wiki/Category:Kurdish_settlements_in_Batman_Province \"Kurdish settlements in Batman Province\")\n[Category:Yazidi villages in Turkey](/wiki/Category:Yazidi_villages_in_Turkey \"Yazidi villages in Turkey\")\n\n"
]
}
|
West End Hills Missionary Baptist Church
|
{
"id": [
27823944
],
"name": [
"GreenC bot"
]
}
|
2a3v7vf8h1i0tuxjo3t6qudlywmgx5k
|
2024-05-02T14:55:13Z
| 1,170,651,589 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**West End Hills Missionary Baptist Church** is a historic church at 1680 19th Place SW in [Birmingham, Alabama](/wiki/Birmingham%2C_Alabama \"Birmingham, Alabama\"). It was built between 1959 and 1965 when the main sanctuary was dedicated. The church is significant for its congregation's participation in the [Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights](/wiki/Alabama_Christian_Movement_for_Human_Rights \"Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights\") rallies for [Civil rights](/wiki/Civil_rights_movement \"Civil rights movement\") in the 1950s and the 1960s under the direction of its pastor, the Rev. Coleman M. Smith. *See also:* It was added to the [National Register of Historic Places](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places \"National Register of Historic Places\") in 2005\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Birmingham, Alabama](/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Birmingham%2C_Alabama \"National Register of Historic Places in Birmingham, Alabama\")\n[Category:Colonial Revival architecture in Alabama](/wiki/Category:Colonial_Revival_architecture_in_Alabama \"Colonial Revival architecture in Alabama\")\n[Category:Churches completed in 1959](/wiki/Category:Churches_completed_in_1959 \"Churches completed in 1959\")\n[Category:Churches in Birmingham, Alabama](/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Birmingham%2C_Alabama \"Churches in Birmingham, Alabama\")\n[Category:Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama](/wiki/Category:Churches_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Alabama \"Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
1815 Virginia's 15th congressional district special election
|
{
"id": [
17781515
],
"name": [
"Chewsterchew"
]
}
|
eddeo6ne96g6ykhgkbocqoh344axe19
|
2024-09-11T00:26:54Z
| 1,236,999,404 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Election results",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nOn May 27, 1815, Representative [Matthew Clay](/wiki/Matthew_Clay \"Matthew Clay\") (DR) of died in office before the start of the 1st session of the 14th Congress. A special election was held in October of that year to fill the resulting vacancy.\n\n",
"Election results\n----------------\n\n| Candidate | Party | Votes | Percent |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [John Kerr](/wiki/John_Kerr_%28Virginia_Congressman%29 \"John Kerr (Virginia Congressman)\") | Democratic\\-Republican | 560 | 44\\.0% |\n| William Rice | Federalist | 339 | 26\\.6% |\n| Thomas Wooding | Democratic\\-Republican | 250 | 19\\.6% |\n| Isaac Medley | Democratic\\-Republican | 94 | 7\\.4% |\n| WhiteSource did not give full name | Federalist | 31 | 2\\.4% |\n\nKerr had been defeated for re\\-election in the [regular 1815 elections](/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia%2C_1815 \"United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia, 1815\") and took his seat December 5, 1815, at the start of the 1st session.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives](/wiki/List_of_special_elections_to_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives \"List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Special elections to the 14th United States Congress](/wiki/Category:Special_elections_to_the_14th_United_States_Congress \"Special elections to the 14th United States Congress\")\n[1815 15](/wiki/Category:United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia \"United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia\")\n[Virginia 1815 15](/wiki/Category:United_States_House_of_Representatives_special_elections \"United States House of Representatives special elections\")\n[Category:1815 Virginia elections](/wiki/Category:1815_Virginia_elections \"1815 Virginia elections\")\n[Virginia 15](/wiki/Category:1815_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections \"1815 United States House of Representatives elections\")\n[United States House of Representatives 1815 15](/wiki/Category:Virginia_special_elections \"Virginia special elections\")\n\n"
]
}
|
The Boxer's Omen
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"58.7.0.114"
]
}
|
b20id62abaansy07sw3tvn654njnhvc
|
2024-09-24T03:02:28Z
| 1,212,055,956 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Plot",
"Production",
"Special effects",
"Release",
"Theatrical",
"Re-releases",
"Home media",
"Reception",
"Contemporary reviews",
"Retrospective assessments",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
2,
3,
4,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***The Boxer's Omen*** (魔, *Mó*, *Magic*) is a 1983 Hong Kong [horror film](/wiki/Horror_film \"Horror film\") directed by [Kuei Chih\\-Hung](/wiki/Kuei_Chih-Hung \"Kuei Chih-Hung\") and produced by [Shaw Brothers Studio](/wiki/Shaw_Brothers_Studio \"Shaw Brothers Studio\"). It is sometimes described as a sequel to *[Bewitched (蠱)](/wiki/Bewitched_%281981_film%29 \"Bewitched (1981 film)\")* (1981\\), also directed by Chih\\-Hung.\n\n",
"Plot\n----\n\nChan Hung is a [Hong Kong](/wiki/Hong_Kong \"Hong Kong\") gangster and the brother of Chan Wing, a heavyweight boxer. The film opens during a brutal boxing match between Wing and [Thai](/wiki/Thailand \"Thailand\") fighter Bu Bo. Wing eventually wins the fight, but Bo lands a [sucker punch](/wiki/Sucker_punch \"Sucker punch\") after the fight ends, paralyzing Wing. Shortly thereafter, the leaders of Hung's organization are killed by rival gangsters. Hung is abducted, but his captors are killed by an apparition of a [Buddhist monk](/wiki/Bhikkhu \"Bhikkhu\"), and Hung begins to see more religious visions.\n\nWing asks Hung to get revenge on Bu Bo, so Hung travels to Thailand and challenges Bo to a match. He visits a Buddhist temple seeking information on his visions, whereupon he is informed that his coming was prophesied by the temple's deceased head abbot Qing Zhao. A year earlier, Qing had himself traveled to Hong Kong to break apart a gang of [black magicians](/wiki/Black_magic \"Black magic\"), killing one and disrupting the rituals of another. The second magician assassinated Qing by training spiders to stab him through the eyes with their stingers, killing him just as he was about to achieve immortality. Qing has nevertheless sustained his soul through his powers, and predicted that a twin of his from a past life (Hung) would arrive three months following his bodily death. Trapped in his decaying body, Qing asks Hung to become a monk, defeat the black magicians, and help him achieve immortality. After some hesitation, Hung agrees.\n\nHung takes the name Baluo Kaidi and trains in arduous conditions. Eventually he is granted magical powers and ordained as a hunter of black magic. Baluo challenges the magician who killed Qing to a ritual duel; during it, he neutralizes the magician's various spells and brutally kills him. Baluo returns to Hong Kong and [breaks one of the tenets of his monastic vows](/wiki/Vinaya \"Vinaya\") by having sex with his girlfriend. During Baluo's fight with Bu Bo, the remaining black magicians begin a series of rites to take revenge on the monk, eventually creating an undead warrior. One of the spells injures Qing (and thus Baluo) during the boxing match, disorienting Baluo and nearly allowing Bu Bo to win. Though Baluo overpowers Bo, he begins to see hellish visions.\n\nBaluo returns to Thailand to kill the remaining magicians, and he and his teacher extract an invulnerability\\-granting liquid from a plant in an abandoned temple. During the renewal of his vows, Baluo lies when asked if he has broken his vow of chastity, triggering a magical reaction and his expulsion from the temple. Baluo seeks help from Qing, who reveals that he will die shortly (killing Baluo in the process) unless he retrieves the ashes of one of Qing's past selves, venerated as a relic in [Nepal](/wiki/Nepal \"Nepal\").\n\nBaluo travels to Nador Buddhist Lamasery in [Kathmandu](/wiki/Kathmandu \"Kathmandu\") (actually filmed at [Swayambhunath](/wiki/Swayambhunath \"Swayambhunath\")), where he finds the relic guarded by a series of magical defenses. He consumes the invulnerability potion and surmounts the defenses when he is attacked by the undead warrior. Eventually, the ashes manifest their own power, killing first the undead warrior and then the remaining black magicians. When Balou takes the ashes, spider\\-stingers remove themselves from his eyes, and he finds himself back in the monastery in Thailand. Qing has healed himself and become an immortal being with iridescent crystal skin. As the monks move to honor Qing, Baluo quietly exits the temple.\n\n",
"Production\n----------\n\n### Special effects\n\n[Gordon Chan](/wiki/Gordon_Chan \"Gordon Chan\") was a member of the special effects unit on the film.\n\n",
"### Special effects\n\n[Gordon Chan](/wiki/Gordon_Chan \"Gordon Chan\") was a member of the special effects unit on the film.\n\n",
"Release\n-------\n\n### Theatrical\n\n#### Re\\-releases\n\nOn 6 May 2011, *The Boxer's Omen* was screened at the [Charles Theatre](/wiki/Charles_Theatre \"Charles Theatre\") in [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore \"Baltimore\"), [Maryland](/wiki/Maryland \"Maryland\"), U.S., as part of the 2011 [Maryland Film Festival](/wiki/Maryland_Film_Festival \"Maryland Film Festival\"). The screening was chosen and presented by the band [Animal Collective](/wiki/Animal_Collective \"Animal Collective\").\n\n### Home media\n\n*The Boxer's Omen* was released on [DVD](/wiki/DVD \"DVD\") by [Image Entertainment](/wiki/Image_Entertainment \"Image Entertainment\") on 21 November 2006\\.\n\n[Arrow Video](/wiki/Arrow_Video \"Arrow Video\") is set to release the film on [Blu\\-ray](/wiki/Blu-ray \"Blu-ray\") as part of a 14\\-film *Shawscope: Volume 2* box set, in December 2022\\.\n\n",
"### Theatrical\n\n#### Re\\-releases\n\nOn 6 May 2011, *The Boxer's Omen* was screened at the [Charles Theatre](/wiki/Charles_Theatre \"Charles Theatre\") in [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore \"Baltimore\"), [Maryland](/wiki/Maryland \"Maryland\"), U.S., as part of the 2011 [Maryland Film Festival](/wiki/Maryland_Film_Festival \"Maryland Film Festival\"). The screening was chosen and presented by the band [Animal Collective](/wiki/Animal_Collective \"Animal Collective\").\n\n",
"#### Re\\-releases\n\nOn 6 May 2011, *The Boxer's Omen* was screened at the [Charles Theatre](/wiki/Charles_Theatre \"Charles Theatre\") in [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore \"Baltimore\"), [Maryland](/wiki/Maryland \"Maryland\"), U.S., as part of the 2011 [Maryland Film Festival](/wiki/Maryland_Film_Festival \"Maryland Film Festival\"). The screening was chosen and presented by the band [Animal Collective](/wiki/Animal_Collective \"Animal Collective\").\n\n",
"### Home media\n\n*The Boxer's Omen* was released on [DVD](/wiki/DVD \"DVD\") by [Image Entertainment](/wiki/Image_Entertainment \"Image Entertainment\") on 21 November 2006\\.\n\n[Arrow Video](/wiki/Arrow_Video \"Arrow Video\") is set to release the film on [Blu\\-ray](/wiki/Blu-ray \"Blu-ray\") as part of a 14\\-film *Shawscope: Volume 2* box set, in December 2022\\.\n\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\n### Contemporary reviews\n\n### Retrospective assessments\n\nDonald Guarisco of [AllMovie](/wiki/AllMovie \"AllMovie\") gave the film a rating of two\\-and\\-a\\-half out of five stars, criticizing its characterizations as simplistic and noting that \"the story starts to drag a little bit in its last third,\" but commending the finale for its \"uniquely Buddhist slant on the concept of a battle between two wizards\". He also wrote that the film \"has long had a reputation for outrageousness with horror addicts and Asian film fans alike. Those unfamiliar with the film will be happy to know that the film truly lives up to that reputation \\[...] Ultimately, *The Boxer's Omen* might be a little too eccentric and intense for some viewers but horror fans looking for their equivalent of a 'head movie' will adore this film for its singular mix of Western horror\\-movie shocks and Asian mysticism.\"\n\nJay Seaver of *eFilmCritic.com* gave the film four out of five stars, writing, \"*The Boxer's Omen* seems like two extremely different movies made into one... It is a downright strange movie wrapped in something conventional and almost unrelated, a fine [midnight movie](/wiki/Midnight_movie \"Midnight movie\") if there ever was one.\"\n\n",
"### Contemporary reviews\n\n",
"### Retrospective assessments\n\nDonald Guarisco of [AllMovie](/wiki/AllMovie \"AllMovie\") gave the film a rating of two\\-and\\-a\\-half out of five stars, criticizing its characterizations as simplistic and noting that \"the story starts to drag a little bit in its last third,\" but commending the finale for its \"uniquely Buddhist slant on the concept of a battle between two wizards\". He also wrote that the film \"has long had a reputation for outrageousness with horror addicts and Asian film fans alike. Those unfamiliar with the film will be happy to know that the film truly lives up to that reputation \\[...] Ultimately, *The Boxer's Omen* might be a little too eccentric and intense for some viewers but horror fans looking for their equivalent of a 'head movie' will adore this film for its singular mix of Western horror\\-movie shocks and Asian mysticism.\"\n\nJay Seaver of *eFilmCritic.com* gave the film four out of five stars, writing, \"*The Boxer's Omen* seems like two extremely different movies made into one... It is a downright strange movie wrapped in something conventional and almost unrelated, a fine [midnight movie](/wiki/Midnight_movie \"Midnight movie\") if there ever was one.\"\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Cinema of Hong Kong](/wiki/Cinema_of_Hong_Kong \"Cinema of Hong Kong\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* *[The Boxer's Omen](http://hkmdb.com/db/movies/view.mhtml?id=6525&display_set=eng)* at the [Hong Kong Movie DataBase](/wiki/Hong_Kong_Movie_DataBase \"Hong Kong Movie DataBase\")\n\n[Category:1983 films](/wiki/Category:1983_films \"1983 films\")\n[Category:1983 horror films](/wiki/Category:1983_horror_films \"1983 horror films\")\n[Category:1980s Hong Kong films](/wiki/Category:1980s_Hong_Kong_films \"1980s Hong Kong films\")\n[Category:1980s Mandarin\\-language films](/wiki/Category:1980s_Mandarin-language_films \"1980s Mandarin-language films\")\n[Category:1980s supernatural horror films](/wiki/Category:1980s_supernatural_horror_films \"1980s supernatural horror films\")\n[Category:Hong Kong splatter films](/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_splatter_films \"Hong Kong splatter films\")\n[Category:Hong Kong supernatural horror films](/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_supernatural_horror_films \"Hong Kong supernatural horror films\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Arene olivacea
|
{
"id": [
6326132
],
"name": [
"Mitch Ames"
]
}
|
nsa6yoyqsqm3533xwzeqt0ujh4m6kgq
|
2024-07-01T05:36:12Z
| 1,231,772,291 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Description",
"Distribution",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Arene olivacea*** is a [species](/wiki/Species \"Species\") of [sea snail](/wiki/Sea_snail \"Sea snail\"), a [marine](/wiki/Marine_%28ocean%29 \"Marine (ocean)\") [gastropod](/wiki/Gastropod \"Gastropod\") [mollusk](/wiki/Mollusk \"Mollusk\") in the [family](/wiki/Family_%28biology%29 \"Family (biology)\") [Areneidae](/wiki/Areneidae \"Areneidae\").WoRMS (2012\\). *Arene olivacea*. Accessed through: [World Register of Marine Species](/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species \"World Register of Marine Species\") at [http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p\\=taxdetails\\&id\\=574881](http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=574881) on 2012\\-12\\-31Keen M. (1971\\) Sea shells of tropical West America. Marine mollusks from Baja California to Perú, ed. 2\\. Stanford University Press. 1064 pp.\n\n",
"Description\n-----------\n\n(Original description by [W.H. Dall](/wiki/W.H._Dall \"W.H. Dall\")) The height of the shell attains 5\\.5 mm and its diameter 6\\.2 mm. The shell consists of five depressed\\-turbinate [whorls](/wiki/Whorl_%28mollusc%29 \"Whorl (mollusc)\"). The [suture](/wiki/Suture_%28anatomy%29 \"Suture (anatomy)\") is narrow but not appressed. The color of the shell is very dark olivaceous, the prominent [sculpture](/wiki/Sculpture_%28mollusc%29 \"Sculpture (mollusc)\") paler. The minute nucleus is decorticated, but apparently smooth. The spiral sculpture consists of, on the upper part of the [body whorl](/wiki/Body_whorl \"Body whorl\"), four strong elevated cords with wider, almost channeled interspaces. The two posterior cords are more adjacent. On the [spire](/wiki/Spire_%28mollusc%29 \"Spire (mollusc)\"), only three cords are visible. The anterior is more or less undulated. On the base are a single cord, a wide interval, then three more adjacent smaller plain cords, the three close\\-set beaded cords at the verge, of the small perforate [umbilicus](/wiki/Umbilicus_%28mollusc%29 \"Umbilicus (mollusc)\"). The [aperture](/wiki/Aperture_%28mollusc%29 \"Aperture (mollusc)\") is circular. The upper [lip](/wiki/Lip_%28gastropod%29 \"Lip (gastropod)\") is produced on the body. The interior is pearly white. (described as *Liotia olivacea*)Dall, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 31, 1918, p. 7\n\n",
"Distribution\n------------\n\nThis species occurs in the Pacific ocean off [Panama](/wiki/Panama \"Panama\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [World Register of Marine Species](http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=574881)\n\n[Category:Areneidae](/wiki/Category:Areneidae \"Areneidae\")\n[Category:Gastropods described in 1918](/wiki/Category:Gastropods_described_in_1918 \"Gastropods described in 1918\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Tull Considine
|
{
"id": [
32452
],
"name": [
"Bkell"
]
}
|
p9oiesuffepdd2i17ari8gcdmqmlpxh
|
2024-01-02T17:28:13Z
| 1,096,214,027 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Turlough Owen** \"**Tull**\" **Considine** (5 October 1898 – 7 July 1980\\) was an [Irish](/wiki/Irish_people \"Irish people\") [hurler](/wiki/Hurling \"Hurling\") and [Gaelic footballer](/wiki/Gaelic_football \"Gaelic football\") who played for the [Clare](/wiki/Clare_GAA \"Clare GAA\") senior teams.\n\nA talented [dual player](/wiki/Dual_player \"Dual player\"), Considine first played for the senior hurling team during the [1918 championship](/wiki/All-Ireland_Senior_Hurling_Championship_1918 \"All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1918\") and was a regular on the inter\\-county scene until his retirement after the [1934 championship](/wiki/All-Ireland_Senior_Hurling_Championship_1934 \"All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1934\"). During that time he won one [Munster](/wiki/Munster_Senior_Hurling_Championship \"Munster Senior Hurling Championship\") hurling medal. Considine was an All\\-Ireland runner\\-up on two occasions.\n\nHe also played football with [Clare](/wiki/Clare_GAA \"Clare GAA\"). Appearing in the [1917 All\\-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final](/wiki/1917_All-Ireland_Senior_Football_Championship_Final \"1917 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final\") where Clare lost out to [Wexford](/wiki/Wexford_GAA \"Wexford GAA\"). \n\nAt club level Considine played with the [Ennis Dalcassians](/wiki/%C3%89ire_%C3%93g%2C_Inis_GAA \"Éire Óg, Inis GAA\") club and enjoyed much success. In a career that spanned three decades he won six [county hurling championship](/wiki/Clare_Senior_Hurling_Championship \"Clare Senior Hurling Championship\") medals and two [county football championship](/wiki/Clare_Senior_Football_Championship \"Clare Senior Football Championship\") medals.\n\nConsidine's brothers, [Brendan](/wiki/Brendan_Considine \"Brendan Considine\") and [Willie](/wiki/Willie_Considine \"Willie Considine\"), were [All\\-Ireland](/wiki/All-Ireland_Senior_Hurling_Championship \"All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship\") medalists with Clare.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1898 births](/wiki/Category:1898_births \"1898 births\")\n[Category:1979 deaths](/wiki/Category:1979_deaths \"1979 deaths\")\n[Category:Dual players](/wiki/Category:Dual_players \"Dual players\")\n[Category:Ennis Dalcassians Gaelic footballers](/wiki/Category:Ennis_Dalcassians_Gaelic_footballers \"Ennis Dalcassians Gaelic footballers\")\n[Category:Ennis Dalcassians hurlers](/wiki/Category:Ennis_Dalcassians_hurlers \"Ennis Dalcassians hurlers\")\n[Category:Clare inter\\-county Gaelic footballers](/wiki/Category:Clare_inter-county_Gaelic_footballers \"Clare inter-county Gaelic footballers\")\n[Category:Clare inter\\-county hurlers](/wiki/Category:Clare_inter-county_hurlers \"Clare inter-county hurlers\")\n[Category:Munster inter\\-provincial Gaelic footballers](/wiki/Category:Munster_inter-provincial_Gaelic_footballers \"Munster inter-provincial Gaelic footballers\")\n[Category:Munster inter\\-provincial hurlers](/wiki/Category:Munster_inter-provincial_hurlers \"Munster inter-provincial hurlers\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Stanislav Sajdok
|
{
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
}
|
cpo19cy1fcghhuvlfxekhrqqyfn0arz
|
2024-01-12T11:11:46Z
| 1,195,118,352 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Stanislav Sajdok** (born 22 July 1983 in [Bratislava](/wiki/Bratislava \"Bratislava\"), [Czechoslovakia](/wiki/Czechoslovakia \"Czechoslovakia\")) is a Czech sprint hurdler. He set a personal best time of 13\\.53 seconds at the 2008 Ostrava Golden Spike in [Ostrava](/wiki/Ostrava \"Ostrava\"), earning him a spot on the Czech track and field team for the Olympics.\n\nSajdok represented the [Czech Republic](/wiki/Czech_Republic \"Czech Republic\") at the [2008 Summer Olympics](/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics \"2008 Summer Olympics\") in [Beijing](/wiki/Beijing \"Beijing\"), where he competed for the [men's 110 m hurdles](/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_110_metres_hurdles \"Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles\"), an event which was later dominated by Cuban athlete and world\\-record holder [Dayron Robles](/wiki/Dayron_Robles \"Dayron Robles\"). He ran in the fourth heat against seven other athletes, including United States' [David Payne](/wiki/David_Payne_%28athlete%29 \"David Payne (athlete)\") and France's [Ladji Doucouré](/wiki/Ladji_Doucour%C3%A9 \"Ladji Doucouré\"), both of whom were heavy favorites in this event. He finished the race in sixth place by three hundredths of a second (0\\.03\\) behind Belarus' [Maksim Lynsha](/wiki/Maksim_Lynsha \"Maksim Lynsha\"), with a time of 13\\.89 seconds. Sajdok, however, failed to advance into the semi\\-finals, as he placed thirty\\-fourth overall, and was ranked below four mandatory slots for the next round.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Profile – Czech Athletics Federation](http://www.atletika.cz/reprezentace/medailony-atletu/stanislav-sajdok/) \n* [NBC 2008 Olympics profile](https://web.archive.org/web/20120822211107/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete=50757/bio/index.html)\n\n[Category:Czech male hurdlers](/wiki/Category:Czech_male_hurdlers \"Czech male hurdlers\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Olympic athletes for the Czech Republic](/wiki/Category:Olympic_athletes_for_the_Czech_Republic \"Olympic athletes for the Czech Republic\")\n[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics](/wiki/Category:Athletes_%28track_and_field%29_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics \"Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Bratislava](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Bratislava \"Sportspeople from Bratislava\")\n[Category:1983 births](/wiki/Category:1983_births \"1983 births\")\n[Category:Czechoslovak Athletics Championships winners](/wiki/Category:Czechoslovak_Athletics_Championships_winners \"Czechoslovak Athletics Championships winners\")\n[Category:Czech Athletics Championships winners](/wiki/Category:Czech_Athletics_Championships_winners \"Czech Athletics Championships winners\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Carey Lohrenz
|
{
"id": [
15606503
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"name": [
"Elialevine"
]
}
|
3gvqousnatbzrhf06oa84i3ij252evo
|
2023-05-04T07:42:18Z
| 1,153,106,324 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Biography",
"Personal life",
"Television and radio appearances",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
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"content": [
"\n\n**Carey Dunai Lohrenz** (born October 5, 1968\\) is a former lieutenant in the U.S. Navy who was one of the first fully qualified female naval aviators to fly the [F\\-14 Tomcat](/wiki/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat \"Grumman F-14 Tomcat\") in the U.S. military.\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nLohrenz was born in 1968 in [Racine, Wisconsin](/wiki/Racine%2C_Wisconsin \"Racine, Wisconsin\"), to Robert E. Dunai and Carol T. Dunai. Her father served in the military as a [United States Marine Corps](/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps \"United States Marine Corps\") [Aviator](/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Aviation \"United States Marine Corps Aviation\").\n\nRaised in [Green Bay, Wisconsin](/wiki/Green_Bay%2C_Wisconsin \"Green Bay, Wisconsin\"), Lohrenz graduated from [Pulaski High School](/wiki/Pulaski_High_School \"Pulaski High School\"), where she was a member of the [National Honor Society](/wiki/National_Honor_Society \"National Honor Society\") and played volleyball, basketball, and softball.\n\nLohrenz is a 1990 graduate of the [University of Wisconsin](/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin \"University of Wisconsin\"), where she was a three\\-time varsity letter winner in rowing. In 1991, Lohrenz graduated from Aviation Officer Candidate School at [Naval Air Station Pensacola](/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Pensacola \"Naval Air Station Pensacola\"), Florida. Commissioned an ensign in June 1991, Lohrenz was sent to flight school at [Naval Air Station Corpus Christi](/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Corpus_Christi \"Naval Air Station Corpus Christi\"), Texas, and then to Naval Air Station [Kingsville, Texas](/wiki/Kingsville%2C_Texas \"Kingsville, Texas\"), for advanced jet training.\n\nEarning her wings in June 1993, Lohrenz receiving her [Naval Aviator](/wiki/Naval_Aviator \"Naval Aviator\") Wings of Gold from retired Commander [Randall \"Duke\" Cunningham](/wiki/Duke_Cunningham \"Duke Cunningham\"), one of the Navy's two [fighter aces](/wiki/Fighter_ace \"Fighter ace\") during the Vietnam War and later a U.S. congressman. She received follow\\-on orders to the F\\-14 Fleet Replacement Squadron, Fighter Squadron 124 ([VF\\-124](/wiki/VF-124 \"VF-124\")) at [Naval Air Station Miramar](/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Miramar \"Naval Air Station Miramar\"), California. She was one of the two first female Naval Aviators in the U.S. Navy to train and fully qualify as fighter pilots in the F\\-14 Tomcat.\n\nResigning from the U.S. Navy in 1999, Lohrenz began a career as a leadership expert and professional speaker.\n\nShe wrote a *Wall Street Journal* best\\-selling book, *Fearless Leadership: High\\-Performance Lessons From the Flight Deck*, published by Greenleaf Book Group Press in 2014, about her experiences as a female aviator. In 2021, Carey Lohrenz wrote another *Wall Street Journal* best\\-selling book, *Span of Control: What To Do When You're Under Pressure, Overwhelmed, And Ready To Get What You Really Want,* published by [Forbes](https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbooksauthors/people/careylohrenz/?sh=475274072ca0).\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nOn July 2, 1994, she married Donovan Lohrenz. They have four children.\n\n",
"Television and radio appearances\n--------------------------------\n\nLohrenz has appeared on [CNN](/wiki/CNN \"CNN\"), [MSNBC](/wiki/MSNBC \"MSNBC\"), [NBC](/wiki/NBC \"NBC\"), [CBS](/wiki/CBS \"CBS\"), [ABC](/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company \"American Broadcasting Company\"), and [NPR](/wiki/NPR \"NPR\").\n* [CBS](https://www.cbsnews.com/video/navys-first-female-fighter-pilot-on-leadership-overcoming-obstacles/): Navy's first female fighter pilot on leadership, overcoming obstacles.\n* [NPR](/wiki/NPR \"NPR\"): *For Family, For Country: Military Moms Do It All* \\- discussing parenting in the military.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Official Website](http://www.careylohrenz.com/)\n* [Fearless Leadership: High\\-Performance Lessons from the Flight Deck](https://www.amazon.com/dp/194885600X/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_KQX0GS6P2BWMDMZRRKN7)\n* [Span Of Control: What To Do When You're Under Pressure, Overwhelmed, And Ready To Get What You Really Want](https://www.amazon.com/dp/1950863662/ref=cm_sw_em_r_mt_dp_ZK0KSHKWMPFG799W1G4Q)\n* [National Public Radio: 'For Family, For Country': Military Moms Do It All](https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=101645083)\n[Category:1968 births](/wiki/Category:1968_births \"1968 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Female United States Navy officers](/wiki/Category:Female_United_States_Navy_officers \"Female United States Navy officers\")\n[Category:People from Racine, Wisconsin](/wiki/Category:People_from_Racine%2C_Wisconsin \"People from Racine, Wisconsin\")\n[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison_alumni \"University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni\")\n[Category:Military personnel from Wisconsin](/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Wisconsin \"Military personnel from Wisconsin\")\n[Category:Writers from Wisconsin](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Wisconsin \"Writers from Wisconsin\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American women](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women \"21st-century American women\")\n[Category:American women aviators](/wiki/Category:American_women_aviators \"American women aviators\")\n[Category:Aviators from Wisconsin](/wiki/Category:Aviators_from_Wisconsin \"Aviators from Wisconsin\")\n\n"
]
}
|
2013 Cebu local elections
|
{
"id": [
37991216
],
"name": [
"1ctinus"
]
}
|
6t25ccr5dlxx5iexnygs464wbbovm3u
|
2024-10-15T14:19:26Z
| 1,230,542,875 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Gubernatorial and vice gubernatorial election",
"Provincial Elections",
"Candidates for Governor",
"Candidates for Vice-Governor",
"Congressional elections",
"1st District",
"2nd District",
"3rd District",
"4th District",
"5th District",
"6th District",
"Cebu City",
"1st District",
"2nd District",
"Lapu-Lapu City",
"Sangguniang Panlalawigan elections",
"1st District",
"2nd District",
"3rd District",
"4th District",
"5th District",
"6th District",
"City and Municipal elections",
"1st District, Mayoral election",
"Carcar",
"Naga City",
"Talisay City",
"Minglanilla",
"San Fernando",
"Sibonga",
"2nd District, Mayoral Election",
"Alcantara",
"Alcoy",
"Alegria",
"Argao",
"Badian",
"Boljoon",
"Dalaguete",
"Dumanjug",
"Ginatilan",
"Malabuyoc",
"Moalboal",
"Oslob",
"Ronda",
"Samboan",
"Santander",
"3rd District, Mayoral Election",
"Toledo City",
"Aloguinsan",
"Asturias",
"Balamban",
"Barili",
"Pinamungajan",
"Tuburan",
"4th District, Mayoral Election",
"Bogo",
"Bantayan",
"Daanbantayan",
"Madridejos",
"Medellin",
"San Remigio",
"Santa Fe",
"Tabogon",
"Tabuelan",
"5th District, Mayoral Election",
"Danao",
"Borbon",
"Carmen",
"Catmon",
"Compostela",
"Liloan",
"Pilar",
"Poro",
"San Francisco",
"Sogod",
"Tudela",
"6th District, Mayoral Election",
"Mandaue City",
"Consolacion",
"Cordova",
"Cebu City Mayoral Election",
"Lapu-Lapu City Mayoral Election",
"References"
],
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2,
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3,
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"content": [
"\n\nLocal elections were held in [Cebu](/wiki/Cebu \"Cebu\") on May 13, 2013, within the [Philippine general election](/wiki/2013_Philippine_general_election \"2013 Philippine general election\"). Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the [Sangguniang Panlalawigan](/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan \"Sangguniang Panlalawigan\"), the vice\\-governor, governor and representatives for the [six districts of Cebu](/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu \"Legislative districts of Cebu\"). Incumbent governor Gwendolyn Garcia is barred for seeking another term because she is limited to three terms only.\n\n",
"Gubernatorial and vice gubernatorial election\n---------------------------------------------\n\nOn April 27, 2012, incumbent governor [Gwendolyn Garcia](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia \"Gwendolyn Garcia\") announced her intention to run for senator. She also announced that her brother incumbent [3rd District](/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu%233rd_District \"Legislative districts of Cebu#3rd District\") [Representative](/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines \"House of Representatives of the Philippines\") [Pablo John Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia \"Pablo John Garcia\") will be running as governor of the province. On September 1, 2012, One Cebu announced that former [Danao](/wiki/Danao%2C_Cebu \"Danao, Cebu\") vice mayor Ramon \"Boboy\" Durano IV as Garcia's running mate.\n\nOn May 12, 2012, businessman Glenn Soco announced his intention to run for vice governor. He ran for that position in 2010 as running mate of Garcia. However, he lost to incumbent Greg Sanchez. He filed a protest, but Sanchez died on April 29, 2011\\.\n\nOn May 25, 2012, Garcia joined [PDP\\-Laban](/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino-Lakas_ng_Bayan \"Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan\") and was included in the senatorial line\\-up of the United Nationalist Alliance.\n\nOn September 20, 2012 Vice President [Jejomar Binay](/wiki/Jejomar_Binay \"Jejomar Binay\") announced that Garcia withdrew her senatorial bid and will run for the House of Representatives instead.\n\nOn September 28, 2012, Hilario Davide III, was announced by the [Liberal Party](/wiki/Liberal_Party_%28Philippines%29 \"Liberal Party (Philippines)\") as its candidate for governor. Davide first ran in 2010, but was defeated by Garcia. His running\\-mate is incumbent vice governor Agnes Magpale of the Barug Alang sa Kauswagan ug Demokrasya or Bakud. Magpale assumed as vice governor upon the death of former vice governor Greg Sanchez.\n\nOn December 17, 2012, Incumbent governor Gwendolyn Garcia ordered a six\\-month suspension. *(See full description about the suspension [here](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia%23Suspension \"Gwendolyn Garcia#Suspension\"))*\n\n",
"Provincial Elections\n--------------------\n\nThe candidates for governor and vice governor with the highest number of votes wins the seat; they are voted separately, therefore, they may be of different parties when elected.\n\n### Candidates for Governor\n\nParties are as stated in their certificate of candidacies.\n\nIncumbent [Gwendolyn Garcia](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia \"Gwendolyn Garcia\") is on her third term and is ineligible to run. She is running for congresswoman. Her brother, incumbent congressman [Pablo John Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia \"Pablo John Garcia\") is running in her place.\n\n### Candidates for Vice\\-Governor\n\n[Agnes Magpale](/wiki/Agnes_Magpale \"Agnes Magpale\") is the incumbent after vice governor Gregorio Sanchez (\\+) died, she is running against businessman Glenn Soco and former Danao city vice mayor Ramon Durano IV.\n\n",
"### Candidates for Governor\n\nParties are as stated in their certificate of candidacies.\n\nIncumbent [Gwendolyn Garcia](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia \"Gwendolyn Garcia\") is on her third term and is ineligible to run. She is running for congresswoman. Her brother, incumbent congressman [Pablo John Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia \"Pablo John Garcia\") is running in her place.\n\n",
"### Candidates for Vice\\-Governor\n\n[Agnes Magpale](/wiki/Agnes_Magpale \"Agnes Magpale\") is the incumbent after vice governor Gregorio Sanchez (\\+) died, she is running against businessman Glenn Soco and former Danao city vice mayor Ramon Durano IV.\n\n",
"Congressional elections\n-----------------------\n\nEach of Cebu's [Six and 3 others legislative districts](/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu \"Legislative districts of Cebu\") will elect each representative to the [House of Representatives](/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines \"House of Representatives of the Philippines\"). The candidate with the [highest number of votes](/wiki/First_past_the_post \"First past the post\") wins the seat.\n\n### 1st District\n\nIncumbent [Eduardo Gullas](/wiki/Eduardo_Gullas \"Eduardo Gullas\") is term limited; he will run for mayor of Talisay City. His party nominated his grandson, Gerald Anthony.\n\n### 2nd District\n\n[Pablo Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_P._Garcia \"Pablo P. Garcia\") is the incumbent.\n\n### 3rd District\n\nIncumbent [Pablo John Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia \"Pablo John Garcia\") is running for governor instead. His sister Incumbent Governor [Gwendolyn Garcia](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia \"Gwendolyn Garcia\") is party's nominee.\n\n### 4th District\n\nBenhur Salimbangon is the incumbent.\n\n### 5th District\n\nIncumbent Ramon Durano VI is term\\-limited and running for Danao city vice mayor instead, his brother former tourism secretary [Joseph Ace Durano](/wiki/Joseph_Ace_Durano \"Joseph Ace Durano\") is running under [Liberal](/wiki/Liberal_Party_%28Philippines%29 \"Liberal Party (Philippines)\"). \n\n### 6th District\n\nGabriel Luis Quisimbing is the incumbent, his opponent is former congresswoman Nerissa Corazon Soon\\-Ruiz running under [UNA](/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance \"United Nationalist Alliance\")\n\n### Cebu City\n\n#### 1st District\n\nIncumbent [Rachel del Mar](/wiki/Rachel_del_Mar \"Rachel del Mar\") is not running to give way to her father, former congressman [Raul del Mar](/wiki/Raul_del_Mar \"Raul del Mar\") who is vying for seat again, he will face actress and manager Annabelle Rama\\-Gutierrez.\n\n#### 2nd District\n\nIncumbent [Tomas Osmeña](/wiki/Tomas_Osme%C3%B1a \"Tomas Osmeña\") is running for mayor against incumbent Cebu City mayor [Mike Rama](/wiki/Mike_Rama \"Mike Rama\"), his party nominated Rodrigo Abellanosa for south district congressional post.\n\n### Lapu\\-Lapu City\n\nIncumbent Arturo Radaza is not running, his daughter Aileen Radaza is party's nominee.\n\n",
"### 1st District\n\nIncumbent [Eduardo Gullas](/wiki/Eduardo_Gullas \"Eduardo Gullas\") is term limited; he will run for mayor of Talisay City. His party nominated his grandson, Gerald Anthony.\n\n",
"### 2nd District\n\n[Pablo Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_P._Garcia \"Pablo P. Garcia\") is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 3rd District\n\nIncumbent [Pablo John Garcia](/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia \"Pablo John Garcia\") is running for governor instead. His sister Incumbent Governor [Gwendolyn Garcia](/wiki/Gwendolyn_Garcia \"Gwendolyn Garcia\") is party's nominee.\n\n",
"### 4th District\n\nBenhur Salimbangon is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 5th District\n\nIncumbent Ramon Durano VI is term\\-limited and running for Danao city vice mayor instead, his brother former tourism secretary [Joseph Ace Durano](/wiki/Joseph_Ace_Durano \"Joseph Ace Durano\") is running under [Liberal](/wiki/Liberal_Party_%28Philippines%29 \"Liberal Party (Philippines)\"). \n\n",
"### 6th District\n\nGabriel Luis Quisimbing is the incumbent, his opponent is former congresswoman Nerissa Corazon Soon\\-Ruiz running under [UNA](/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance \"United Nationalist Alliance\")\n\n",
"### Cebu City\n\n#### 1st District\n\nIncumbent [Rachel del Mar](/wiki/Rachel_del_Mar \"Rachel del Mar\") is not running to give way to her father, former congressman [Raul del Mar](/wiki/Raul_del_Mar \"Raul del Mar\") who is vying for seat again, he will face actress and manager Annabelle Rama\\-Gutierrez.\n\n#### 2nd District\n\nIncumbent [Tomas Osmeña](/wiki/Tomas_Osme%C3%B1a \"Tomas Osmeña\") is running for mayor against incumbent Cebu City mayor [Mike Rama](/wiki/Mike_Rama \"Mike Rama\"), his party nominated Rodrigo Abellanosa for south district congressional post.\n\n",
"#### 1st District\n\nIncumbent [Rachel del Mar](/wiki/Rachel_del_Mar \"Rachel del Mar\") is not running to give way to her father, former congressman [Raul del Mar](/wiki/Raul_del_Mar \"Raul del Mar\") who is vying for seat again, he will face actress and manager Annabelle Rama\\-Gutierrez.\n\n",
"#### 2nd District\n\nIncumbent [Tomas Osmeña](/wiki/Tomas_Osme%C3%B1a \"Tomas Osmeña\") is running for mayor against incumbent Cebu City mayor [Mike Rama](/wiki/Mike_Rama \"Mike Rama\"), his party nominated Rodrigo Abellanosa for south district congressional post.\n\n",
"### Lapu\\-Lapu City\n\nIncumbent Arturo Radaza is not running, his daughter Aileen Radaza is party's nominee.\n\n",
"Sangguniang Panlalawigan elections\n----------------------------------\n\nAll 6 Districts of [Cebu](/wiki/Cebu \"Cebu\") will elect [Sangguniang Panlalawigan](/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan \"Sangguniang Panlalawigan\") or provincial board members.\n\n### 1st District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Carcar](/wiki/Carcar \"Carcar\"), [Naga City](/wiki/Naga%2C_Cebu \"Naga, Cebu\"), [Talisay City](/wiki/Talisay_City%2C_Cebu \"Talisay City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Minglanilla](/wiki/Minglanilla%2C_Cebu \"Minglanilla, Cebu\"), [San Fernando](/wiki/San_Fernando%2C_Cebu \"San Fernando, Cebu\"), [Sibonga](/wiki/Sibonga%2C_Cebu \"Sibonga, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n### 2nd District\n\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Alcantara](/wiki/Alcantara%2C_Cebu \"Alcantara, Cebu\"), [Alcoy](/wiki/Alcoy%2C_Cebu \"Alcoy, Cebu\"), [Alegria](/wiki/Alegria%2C_Cebu \"Alegria, Cebu\"), [Argao](/wiki/Argao%2C_Cebu \"Argao, Cebu\"), [Badian](/wiki/Badian%2C_Cebu \"Badian, Cebu\"), [Boljoon](/wiki/Boljoon%2C_Cebu \"Boljoon, Cebu\"), [Dalaguete](/wiki/Dalaguete%2C_Cebu \"Dalaguete, Cebu\"), [Dumanjug](/wiki/Dumanjug%2C_Cebu \"Dumanjug, Cebu\"), [Ginatilan](/wiki/Ginatilan%2C_Cebu \"Ginatilan, Cebu\"), [Malabuyoc](/wiki/Malabuyoc%2C_Cebu \"Malabuyoc, Cebu\"), [Moalboal](/wiki/Moalboal%2C_Cebu \"Moalboal, Cebu\"), [Oslob](/wiki/Oslob%2C_Cebu \"Oslob, Cebu\"), [Ronda](/wiki/Ronda%2C_Cebu \"Ronda, Cebu\"), [Samboan](/wiki/Samboan%2C_Cebu \"Samboan, Cebu\"), [Santander](/wiki/Santander%2C_Cebu \"Santander, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n### 3rd District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Toledo City](/wiki/Toledo_City%2C_Cebu \"Toledo City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Aloguinsan](/wiki/Aloguinsan%2C_Cebu \"Aloguinsan, Cebu\"), [Asturias](/wiki/Asturias%2C_Cebu \"Asturias, Cebu\"), [Balamban](/wiki/Balamban%2C_Cebu \"Balamban, Cebu\"), [Barili](/wiki/Barili%2C_Cebu \"Barili, Cebu\"), [Pinamungajan](/wiki/Pinamungajan \"Pinamungajan\"), [Tuburan](/wiki/Tuburan%2C_Cebu \"Tuburan, Cebu\"),\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n### 4th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Bogo](/wiki/Bogo%2C_Cebu \"Bogo, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Bantayan](/wiki/Bantayan%2C_Cebu \"Bantayan, Cebu\"), [Daanbantayan](/wiki/Daanbantayan%2C_Cebu \"Daanbantayan, Cebu\"), [Madridejos](/wiki/Madridejos%2C_Cebu \"Madridejos, Cebu\"), [Medellin](/wiki/Medellin%2C_Cebu \"Medellin, Cebu\"), [San Remigio](/wiki/San_Remigio%2C_Cebu \"San Remigio, Cebu\"), [Santa Fe](/wiki/Santa_Fe%2C_Cebu \"Santa Fe, Cebu\"), [Tabogon](/wiki/Tabogon%2C_Cebu \"Tabogon, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n### 5th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Danao](/wiki/Danao%2C_Cebu \"Danao, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Borbon](/wiki/Borbon%2C_Cebu \"Borbon, Cebu\"), [Carmen](/wiki/Carmen%2C_Cebu \"Carmen, Cebu\"), [Catmon](/wiki/Catmon%2C_Cebu \"Catmon, Cebu\"), [Compostela](/wiki/Compostela%2C_Cebu \"Compostela, Cebu\"), [Liloan](/wiki/Liloan%2C_Cebu \"Liloan, Cebu\"), [Pilar](/wiki/Pilar%2C_Cebu \"Pilar, Cebu\"), [Poro](/wiki/Poro%2C_Cebu \"Poro, Cebu\"), [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco%2C_Cebu \"San Francisco, Cebu\"), [Sogod](/wiki/Sogod%2C_Cebu \"Sogod, Cebu\"), [Tudela](/wiki/Tudela%2C_Cebu \"Tudela, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n### 6th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Mandaue City](/wiki/Mandaue_City \"Mandaue City\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Consolacion](/wiki/Consolacion%2C_Cebu \"Consolacion, Cebu\"), [Cordova](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Cebu \"Cordova, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 1st District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Carcar](/wiki/Carcar \"Carcar\"), [Naga City](/wiki/Naga%2C_Cebu \"Naga, Cebu\"), [Talisay City](/wiki/Talisay_City%2C_Cebu \"Talisay City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Minglanilla](/wiki/Minglanilla%2C_Cebu \"Minglanilla, Cebu\"), [San Fernando](/wiki/San_Fernando%2C_Cebu \"San Fernando, Cebu\"), [Sibonga](/wiki/Sibonga%2C_Cebu \"Sibonga, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 2nd District\n\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Alcantara](/wiki/Alcantara%2C_Cebu \"Alcantara, Cebu\"), [Alcoy](/wiki/Alcoy%2C_Cebu \"Alcoy, Cebu\"), [Alegria](/wiki/Alegria%2C_Cebu \"Alegria, Cebu\"), [Argao](/wiki/Argao%2C_Cebu \"Argao, Cebu\"), [Badian](/wiki/Badian%2C_Cebu \"Badian, Cebu\"), [Boljoon](/wiki/Boljoon%2C_Cebu \"Boljoon, Cebu\"), [Dalaguete](/wiki/Dalaguete%2C_Cebu \"Dalaguete, Cebu\"), [Dumanjug](/wiki/Dumanjug%2C_Cebu \"Dumanjug, Cebu\"), [Ginatilan](/wiki/Ginatilan%2C_Cebu \"Ginatilan, Cebu\"), [Malabuyoc](/wiki/Malabuyoc%2C_Cebu \"Malabuyoc, Cebu\"), [Moalboal](/wiki/Moalboal%2C_Cebu \"Moalboal, Cebu\"), [Oslob](/wiki/Oslob%2C_Cebu \"Oslob, Cebu\"), [Ronda](/wiki/Ronda%2C_Cebu \"Ronda, Cebu\"), [Samboan](/wiki/Samboan%2C_Cebu \"Samboan, Cebu\"), [Santander](/wiki/Santander%2C_Cebu \"Santander, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 3rd District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Toledo City](/wiki/Toledo_City%2C_Cebu \"Toledo City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Aloguinsan](/wiki/Aloguinsan%2C_Cebu \"Aloguinsan, Cebu\"), [Asturias](/wiki/Asturias%2C_Cebu \"Asturias, Cebu\"), [Balamban](/wiki/Balamban%2C_Cebu \"Balamban, Cebu\"), [Barili](/wiki/Barili%2C_Cebu \"Barili, Cebu\"), [Pinamungajan](/wiki/Pinamungajan \"Pinamungajan\"), [Tuburan](/wiki/Tuburan%2C_Cebu \"Tuburan, Cebu\"),\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 4th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Bogo](/wiki/Bogo%2C_Cebu \"Bogo, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Bantayan](/wiki/Bantayan%2C_Cebu \"Bantayan, Cebu\"), [Daanbantayan](/wiki/Daanbantayan%2C_Cebu \"Daanbantayan, Cebu\"), [Madridejos](/wiki/Madridejos%2C_Cebu \"Madridejos, Cebu\"), [Medellin](/wiki/Medellin%2C_Cebu \"Medellin, Cebu\"), [San Remigio](/wiki/San_Remigio%2C_Cebu \"San Remigio, Cebu\"), [Santa Fe](/wiki/Santa_Fe%2C_Cebu \"Santa Fe, Cebu\"), [Tabogon](/wiki/Tabogon%2C_Cebu \"Tabogon, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 5th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Danao](/wiki/Danao%2C_Cebu \"Danao, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Borbon](/wiki/Borbon%2C_Cebu \"Borbon, Cebu\"), [Carmen](/wiki/Carmen%2C_Cebu \"Carmen, Cebu\"), [Catmon](/wiki/Catmon%2C_Cebu \"Catmon, Cebu\"), [Compostela](/wiki/Compostela%2C_Cebu \"Compostela, Cebu\"), [Liloan](/wiki/Liloan%2C_Cebu \"Liloan, Cebu\"), [Pilar](/wiki/Pilar%2C_Cebu \"Pilar, Cebu\"), [Poro](/wiki/Poro%2C_Cebu \"Poro, Cebu\"), [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco%2C_Cebu \"San Francisco, Cebu\"), [Sogod](/wiki/Sogod%2C_Cebu \"Sogod, Cebu\"), [Tudela](/wiki/Tudela%2C_Cebu \"Tudela, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"### 6th District\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Mandaue City](/wiki/Mandaue_City \"Mandaue City\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Consolacion](/wiki/Consolacion%2C_Cebu \"Consolacion, Cebu\"), [Cordova](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Cebu \"Cordova, Cebu\")\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|colspan\\=5 bgcolor\\=black\\|\n\n\\|\\-\n\n",
"City and Municipal elections\n----------------------------\n\nAll municipalities and City of [Cebu](/wiki/Cebu \"Cebu\") will elect mayor and vice\\-mayor this election. The candidates for mayor and vice mayor with the highest number of votes wins the seat; they are voted separately, therefore, they may be of different parties when elected. Below is the list of mayoralty and vice\\-mayoralty candidates of each city and municipalities per district.\n\n### 1st District, Mayoral election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Carcar](/wiki/Carcar \"Carcar\"), [Naga City](/wiki/Naga%2C_Cebu \"Naga, Cebu\"), [Talisay City](/wiki/Talisay_City%2C_Cebu \"Talisay City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Minglanilla](/wiki/Minglanilla%2C_Cebu \"Minglanilla, Cebu\"), [San Fernando](/wiki/San_Fernando%2C_Cebu \"San Fernando, Cebu\"), [Sibonga](/wiki/Sibonga%2C_Cebu \"Sibonga, Cebu\")\n\n#### Carcar\n\nNicepuro Apura is the incumbent. his primary opponent is councilor Roberto Aleonar, Jr.\n\n#### Naga City\n\nValdemar Chiong is the incumbent.\n\n#### Talisay City\n\nIncumbent Socrates Fernandez is not running. Congressman [Eduardo Gullas](/wiki/Eduardo_Gullas \"Eduardo Gullas\") is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Minglanilla\n\nIncumbent Eduardo Selma is not running, His party nominate vice mayor Elanito Peña.\n\n#### San Fernando\n\nNeneth Reluya is the incumbent.\n\n#### Sibonga\n\nLionel Bacaltos is the incumbent.\n\n### 2nd District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Alcantara](/wiki/Alcantara%2C_Cebu \"Alcantara, Cebu\"), [Alcoy](/wiki/Alcoy%2C_Cebu \"Alcoy, Cebu\"), [Alegria](/wiki/Alegria%2C_Cebu \"Alegria, Cebu\"), [Argao](/wiki/Argao%2C_Cebu \"Argao, Cebu\"), [Badian](/wiki/Badian%2C_Cebu \"Badian, Cebu\"), [Boljoon](/wiki/Boljoon%2C_Cebu \"Boljoon, Cebu\"), [Dalaguete](/wiki/Dalaguete%2C_Cebu \"Dalaguete, Cebu\"), [Dumanjug](/wiki/Dumanjug%2C_Cebu \"Dumanjug, Cebu\"), [Ginatilan](/wiki/Ginatilan%2C_Cebu \"Ginatilan, Cebu\"), [Malabuyoc](/wiki/Malabuyoc%2C_Cebu \"Malabuyoc, Cebu\"), [Moalboal](/wiki/Moalboal%2C_Cebu \"Moalboal, Cebu\"), [Oslob](/wiki/Oslob%2C_Cebu \"Oslob, Cebu\"), [Ronda](/wiki/Ronda%2C_Cebu \"Ronda, Cebu\"), [Samboan](/wiki/Samboan%2C_Cebu \"Samboan, Cebu\"), [Santander](/wiki/Santander%2C_Cebu \"Santander, Cebu\")\n\n#### Alcantara\n\nPrudencio Barino, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Fredo Cañete.\n\n#### Alcoy\n\nNick Delo Santos is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Ompong Delo Santos.\n\n#### Alegria\n\nIncumbent Emelita Guisadio is not running, her husband Raul Guisadio is running for her place.\n\n#### Argao\n\nIncumbent Edsel Galeos is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Badian\n\nRobburt Librando is the incumbent. he will face vice mayor Fructouso Caballero.\n\n#### Boljoon\n\nIncumbent Teresita Delis is not running, vice mayor Merlou Derama is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Dalaguete\n\nIncumbent Ronald Allan Cesante is running for her reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Dumanjug\n\nNelson Garcia is the incumbent.\n\n#### Ginatilan\n\nIncumbent Antonio Singco is term\\-limited, vice mayor Dean Michael Singco is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Malabuyoc\n\nIncumbent Daisy Creus is not running, vice mayor Lito Creus is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Moalboal\n\nInnocentes Cabaron is the incumbent.\n\n#### Oslob\n\nRonald Guaren is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Jun Tumulak.\n\n#### Ronda\n\nNonie Blanco is the incumbent.\n\n#### Samboan\n\nRaymond Joseph Calderon is the incumbent. his primary opponent is vice mayor Boy Capa.\n\n#### Santander\n\nMarilyn Wenceslao is the incumbent.\n\n### 3rd District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Toledo City](/wiki/Toledo_City%2C_Cebu \"Toledo City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Aloguinsan](/wiki/Aloguinsan%2C_Cebu \"Aloguinsan, Cebu\"), [Asturias](/wiki/Asturias%2C_Cebu \"Asturias, Cebu\"), [Balamban](/wiki/Balamban%2C_Cebu \"Balamban, Cebu\"), [Barili](/wiki/Barili%2C_Cebu \"Barili, Cebu\"), [Pinamungajan](/wiki/Pinamungajan \"Pinamungajan\"), [Tuburan](/wiki/Tuburan%2C_Cebu \"Tuburan, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n#### Toledo City\n\nRudy Espinosa is the incumbent. his opponent is former senator John Henry Osmeña.\n\n#### Aloguinsan\n\nIncumbent Augustus Moreno is swapping post to her wife vice mayor Cynthia Moreno. Cynthia challenger is councilor Malou Ripdos.\n\n#### Asturias\n\nIncumbent Alan Adlawan is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Balamban\n\nAce Binghay is the incumbent.\n\n#### Barili\n\nTeresito Mariñas is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Marlon Garcia.\n\n#### Pinamungajan\n\nIncumbent Geraldine Yapha is running for Congress, Estralla Yapha is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Tuburan\n\nAljun Diamante is the incumbent.\n\n### 4th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Bogo](/wiki/Bogo%2C_Cebu \"Bogo, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Bantayan](/wiki/Bantayan%2C_Cebu \"Bantayan, Cebu\"), [Daanbantayan](/wiki/Daanbantayan%2C_Cebu \"Daanbantayan, Cebu\"), [Madridejos](/wiki/Madridejos%2C_Cebu \"Madridejos, Cebu\"), [Medellin](/wiki/Medellin%2C_Cebu \"Medellin, Cebu\"), [San Remigio](/wiki/San_Remigio%2C_Cebu \"San Remigio, Cebu\"), [Santa Fe](/wiki/Santa_Fe%2C_Cebu \"Santa Fe, Cebu\"), [Tabogon](/wiki/Tabogon%2C_Cebu \"Tabogon, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n#### Bogo\n\nCelestino Martinez, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is daughter of Congressman Benhur Salimbangon, Marie Daphne Salimbangon.\n\n#### Bantayan\n\nIncumbent Ian Christopher Escario is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Daanbantayan\n\nMaria Luisa Loot is the incumbent. his opponent is Augusto Corro.\n\n#### Madridejos\n\nSalvador Dela Fuente is the incumbent.\n\n#### Medellin\n\nRicardo Ramirez is the incumbent.\n\n#### San Remigio\n\nJay Olivar is the incumbent. he will face former mayor Mariano Martinez.\n\n#### Santa Fe\n\nJong Jong Ilustrisimo is the incumbent.\n\n#### Tabogon\n\nIncumbent Eusebio Dungog is not running, Roland Quinain is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Tabuelan\n\nRex Casiano Gerona is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Wilma Zamora.\n\n### 5th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Danao](/wiki/Danao%2C_Cebu \"Danao, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Borbon](/wiki/Borbon%2C_Cebu \"Borbon, Cebu\"), [Carmen](/wiki/Carmen%2C_Cebu \"Carmen, Cebu\"), [Catmon](/wiki/Catmon%2C_Cebu \"Catmon, Cebu\"), [Compostela](/wiki/Compostela%2C_Cebu \"Compostela, Cebu\"), [Liloan](/wiki/Liloan%2C_Cebu \"Liloan, Cebu\"), [Pilar](/wiki/Pilar%2C_Cebu \"Pilar, Cebu\"), [Poro](/wiki/Poro%2C_Cebu \"Poro, Cebu\"), [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco%2C_Cebu \"San Francisco, Cebu\"), [Sogod](/wiki/Sogod%2C_Cebu \"Sogod, Cebu\"), [Tudela](/wiki/Tudela%2C_Cebu \"Tudela, Cebu\")\n\n#### Danao\n\nRamon Durano, Jr. is the incumbent. he will face his brother vice mayor Ramon Durano III.\n\n#### Borbon\n\nBernard Sepulveda is the incumbent.\n\n#### Carmen\n\nGerard Villamor is the incumbent.\n\n#### Catmon\n\nDan Jusay is the incumbent.\n\n#### Compostela\n\nJoel Quiño is the incumbent.\n\n#### Liloan\n\n[Duke Frasco](/wiki/Duke_Frasco \"Duke Frasco\") is the incumbent.\n\n#### Pilar\n\nJet Fernandez is the incumbent.\n\n#### Poro\n\nIncumbent Luciano Rama, Jr. is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### San Francisco\n\nIncumbent Aly Arquilano is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Sogod\n\nMoonyeen Durano is the incumbent.\n\n#### Tudela\n\nErwin Yu is the incumbent.\n\n### 6th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Mandaue City](/wiki/Mandaue_City \"Mandaue City\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Consolacion](/wiki/Consolacion%2C_Cebu \"Consolacion, Cebu\"), [Cordova](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Cebu \"Cordova, Cebu\")\n\n#### Mandaue City\n\nJonas Cortes is the incumbent.\n\n#### Consolacion\n\nTeresa Alegado is the incumbent.\n\n#### Cordova\n\nAdelino Sitoy is the incumbent.\n\n### Cebu City Mayoral Election\n\n[Mike Rama](/wiki/Mike_Rama \"Mike Rama\") is the incumbent. He faced off 2nd District Congressman [Tomas Osmeña](/wiki/Tomas_Osme%C3%B1a \"Tomas Osmeña\"), who served as mayor from 2001 until 2010\\. He is the brother of Senator Serge Osmeña and grandson of former president Sergio Osmeña Sr.\n\n### Lapu\\-Lapu City Mayoral Election\n\nPaz Radaza is the incumbent. She faced Liberal Party bet Jun Pelaez.\n\n",
"### 1st District, Mayoral election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Carcar](/wiki/Carcar \"Carcar\"), [Naga City](/wiki/Naga%2C_Cebu \"Naga, Cebu\"), [Talisay City](/wiki/Talisay_City%2C_Cebu \"Talisay City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Minglanilla](/wiki/Minglanilla%2C_Cebu \"Minglanilla, Cebu\"), [San Fernando](/wiki/San_Fernando%2C_Cebu \"San Fernando, Cebu\"), [Sibonga](/wiki/Sibonga%2C_Cebu \"Sibonga, Cebu\")\n\n#### Carcar\n\nNicepuro Apura is the incumbent. his primary opponent is councilor Roberto Aleonar, Jr.\n\n#### Naga City\n\nValdemar Chiong is the incumbent.\n\n#### Talisay City\n\nIncumbent Socrates Fernandez is not running. Congressman [Eduardo Gullas](/wiki/Eduardo_Gullas \"Eduardo Gullas\") is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Minglanilla\n\nIncumbent Eduardo Selma is not running, His party nominate vice mayor Elanito Peña.\n\n#### San Fernando\n\nNeneth Reluya is the incumbent.\n\n#### Sibonga\n\nLionel Bacaltos is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Carcar\n\nNicepuro Apura is the incumbent. his primary opponent is councilor Roberto Aleonar, Jr.\n\n",
"#### Naga City\n\nValdemar Chiong is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Talisay City\n\nIncumbent Socrates Fernandez is not running. Congressman [Eduardo Gullas](/wiki/Eduardo_Gullas \"Eduardo Gullas\") is his party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Minglanilla\n\nIncumbent Eduardo Selma is not running, His party nominate vice mayor Elanito Peña.\n\n",
"#### San Fernando\n\nNeneth Reluya is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Sibonga\n\nLionel Bacaltos is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 2nd District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Alcantara](/wiki/Alcantara%2C_Cebu \"Alcantara, Cebu\"), [Alcoy](/wiki/Alcoy%2C_Cebu \"Alcoy, Cebu\"), [Alegria](/wiki/Alegria%2C_Cebu \"Alegria, Cebu\"), [Argao](/wiki/Argao%2C_Cebu \"Argao, Cebu\"), [Badian](/wiki/Badian%2C_Cebu \"Badian, Cebu\"), [Boljoon](/wiki/Boljoon%2C_Cebu \"Boljoon, Cebu\"), [Dalaguete](/wiki/Dalaguete%2C_Cebu \"Dalaguete, Cebu\"), [Dumanjug](/wiki/Dumanjug%2C_Cebu \"Dumanjug, Cebu\"), [Ginatilan](/wiki/Ginatilan%2C_Cebu \"Ginatilan, Cebu\"), [Malabuyoc](/wiki/Malabuyoc%2C_Cebu \"Malabuyoc, Cebu\"), [Moalboal](/wiki/Moalboal%2C_Cebu \"Moalboal, Cebu\"), [Oslob](/wiki/Oslob%2C_Cebu \"Oslob, Cebu\"), [Ronda](/wiki/Ronda%2C_Cebu \"Ronda, Cebu\"), [Samboan](/wiki/Samboan%2C_Cebu \"Samboan, Cebu\"), [Santander](/wiki/Santander%2C_Cebu \"Santander, Cebu\")\n\n#### Alcantara\n\nPrudencio Barino, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Fredo Cañete.\n\n#### Alcoy\n\nNick Delo Santos is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Ompong Delo Santos.\n\n#### Alegria\n\nIncumbent Emelita Guisadio is not running, her husband Raul Guisadio is running for her place.\n\n#### Argao\n\nIncumbent Edsel Galeos is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Badian\n\nRobburt Librando is the incumbent. he will face vice mayor Fructouso Caballero.\n\n#### Boljoon\n\nIncumbent Teresita Delis is not running, vice mayor Merlou Derama is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Dalaguete\n\nIncumbent Ronald Allan Cesante is running for her reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Dumanjug\n\nNelson Garcia is the incumbent.\n\n#### Ginatilan\n\nIncumbent Antonio Singco is term\\-limited, vice mayor Dean Michael Singco is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Malabuyoc\n\nIncumbent Daisy Creus is not running, vice mayor Lito Creus is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Moalboal\n\nInnocentes Cabaron is the incumbent.\n\n#### Oslob\n\nRonald Guaren is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Jun Tumulak.\n\n#### Ronda\n\nNonie Blanco is the incumbent.\n\n#### Samboan\n\nRaymond Joseph Calderon is the incumbent. his primary opponent is vice mayor Boy Capa.\n\n#### Santander\n\nMarilyn Wenceslao is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Alcantara\n\nPrudencio Barino, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Fredo Cañete.\n\n",
"#### Alcoy\n\nNick Delo Santos is the incumbent. his opponent is councilor Ompong Delo Santos.\n\n",
"#### Alegria\n\nIncumbent Emelita Guisadio is not running, her husband Raul Guisadio is running for her place.\n\n",
"#### Argao\n\nIncumbent Edsel Galeos is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### Badian\n\nRobburt Librando is the incumbent. he will face vice mayor Fructouso Caballero.\n\n",
"#### Boljoon\n\nIncumbent Teresita Delis is not running, vice mayor Merlou Derama is her party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Dalaguete\n\nIncumbent Ronald Allan Cesante is running for her reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### Dumanjug\n\nNelson Garcia is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Ginatilan\n\nIncumbent Antonio Singco is term\\-limited, vice mayor Dean Michael Singco is his party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Malabuyoc\n\nIncumbent Daisy Creus is not running, vice mayor Lito Creus is her party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Moalboal\n\nInnocentes Cabaron is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Oslob\n\nRonald Guaren is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Jun Tumulak.\n\n",
"#### Ronda\n\nNonie Blanco is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Samboan\n\nRaymond Joseph Calderon is the incumbent. his primary opponent is vice mayor Boy Capa.\n\n",
"#### Santander\n\nMarilyn Wenceslao is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 3rd District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Toledo City](/wiki/Toledo_City%2C_Cebu \"Toledo City, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Aloguinsan](/wiki/Aloguinsan%2C_Cebu \"Aloguinsan, Cebu\"), [Asturias](/wiki/Asturias%2C_Cebu \"Asturias, Cebu\"), [Balamban](/wiki/Balamban%2C_Cebu \"Balamban, Cebu\"), [Barili](/wiki/Barili%2C_Cebu \"Barili, Cebu\"), [Pinamungajan](/wiki/Pinamungajan \"Pinamungajan\"), [Tuburan](/wiki/Tuburan%2C_Cebu \"Tuburan, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n#### Toledo City\n\nRudy Espinosa is the incumbent. his opponent is former senator John Henry Osmeña.\n\n#### Aloguinsan\n\nIncumbent Augustus Moreno is swapping post to her wife vice mayor Cynthia Moreno. Cynthia challenger is councilor Malou Ripdos.\n\n#### Asturias\n\nIncumbent Alan Adlawan is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Balamban\n\nAce Binghay is the incumbent.\n\n#### Barili\n\nTeresito Mariñas is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Marlon Garcia.\n\n#### Pinamungajan\n\nIncumbent Geraldine Yapha is running for Congress, Estralla Yapha is her party's nominee.\n\n#### Tuburan\n\nAljun Diamante is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Toledo City\n\nRudy Espinosa is the incumbent. his opponent is former senator John Henry Osmeña.\n\n",
"#### Aloguinsan\n\nIncumbent Augustus Moreno is swapping post to her wife vice mayor Cynthia Moreno. Cynthia challenger is councilor Malou Ripdos.\n\n",
"#### Asturias\n\nIncumbent Alan Adlawan is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### Balamban\n\nAce Binghay is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Barili\n\nTeresito Mariñas is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Marlon Garcia.\n\n",
"#### Pinamungajan\n\nIncumbent Geraldine Yapha is running for Congress, Estralla Yapha is her party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Tuburan\n\nAljun Diamante is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 4th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Bogo](/wiki/Bogo%2C_Cebu \"Bogo, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Bantayan](/wiki/Bantayan%2C_Cebu \"Bantayan, Cebu\"), [Daanbantayan](/wiki/Daanbantayan%2C_Cebu \"Daanbantayan, Cebu\"), [Madridejos](/wiki/Madridejos%2C_Cebu \"Madridejos, Cebu\"), [Medellin](/wiki/Medellin%2C_Cebu \"Medellin, Cebu\"), [San Remigio](/wiki/San_Remigio%2C_Cebu \"San Remigio, Cebu\"), [Santa Fe](/wiki/Santa_Fe%2C_Cebu \"Santa Fe, Cebu\"), [Tabogon](/wiki/Tabogon%2C_Cebu \"Tabogon, Cebu\"), [Tabuelan](/wiki/Tabuelan%2C_Cebu \"Tabuelan, Cebu\")\n\n#### Bogo\n\nCelestino Martinez, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is daughter of Congressman Benhur Salimbangon, Marie Daphne Salimbangon.\n\n#### Bantayan\n\nIncumbent Ian Christopher Escario is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Daanbantayan\n\nMaria Luisa Loot is the incumbent. his opponent is Augusto Corro.\n\n#### Madridejos\n\nSalvador Dela Fuente is the incumbent.\n\n#### Medellin\n\nRicardo Ramirez is the incumbent.\n\n#### San Remigio\n\nJay Olivar is the incumbent. he will face former mayor Mariano Martinez.\n\n#### Santa Fe\n\nJong Jong Ilustrisimo is the incumbent.\n\n#### Tabogon\n\nIncumbent Eusebio Dungog is not running, Roland Quinain is his party's nominee.\n\n#### Tabuelan\n\nRex Casiano Gerona is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Wilma Zamora.\n\n",
"#### Bogo\n\nCelestino Martinez, Jr. is the incumbent. his opponent is daughter of Congressman Benhur Salimbangon, Marie Daphne Salimbangon.\n\n",
"#### Bantayan\n\nIncumbent Ian Christopher Escario is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### Daanbantayan\n\nMaria Luisa Loot is the incumbent. his opponent is Augusto Corro.\n\n",
"#### Madridejos\n\nSalvador Dela Fuente is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Medellin\n\nRicardo Ramirez is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### San Remigio\n\nJay Olivar is the incumbent. he will face former mayor Mariano Martinez.\n\n",
"#### Santa Fe\n\nJong Jong Ilustrisimo is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Tabogon\n\nIncumbent Eusebio Dungog is not running, Roland Quinain is his party's nominee.\n\n",
"#### Tabuelan\n\nRex Casiano Gerona is the incumbent. his opponent is vice mayor Wilma Zamora.\n\n",
"### 5th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Danao](/wiki/Danao%2C_Cebu \"Danao, Cebu\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Borbon](/wiki/Borbon%2C_Cebu \"Borbon, Cebu\"), [Carmen](/wiki/Carmen%2C_Cebu \"Carmen, Cebu\"), [Catmon](/wiki/Catmon%2C_Cebu \"Catmon, Cebu\"), [Compostela](/wiki/Compostela%2C_Cebu \"Compostela, Cebu\"), [Liloan](/wiki/Liloan%2C_Cebu \"Liloan, Cebu\"), [Pilar](/wiki/Pilar%2C_Cebu \"Pilar, Cebu\"), [Poro](/wiki/Poro%2C_Cebu \"Poro, Cebu\"), [San Francisco](/wiki/San_Francisco%2C_Cebu \"San Francisco, Cebu\"), [Sogod](/wiki/Sogod%2C_Cebu \"Sogod, Cebu\"), [Tudela](/wiki/Tudela%2C_Cebu \"Tudela, Cebu\")\n\n#### Danao\n\nRamon Durano, Jr. is the incumbent. he will face his brother vice mayor Ramon Durano III.\n\n#### Borbon\n\nBernard Sepulveda is the incumbent.\n\n#### Carmen\n\nGerard Villamor is the incumbent.\n\n#### Catmon\n\nDan Jusay is the incumbent.\n\n#### Compostela\n\nJoel Quiño is the incumbent.\n\n#### Liloan\n\n[Duke Frasco](/wiki/Duke_Frasco \"Duke Frasco\") is the incumbent.\n\n#### Pilar\n\nJet Fernandez is the incumbent.\n\n#### Poro\n\nIncumbent Luciano Rama, Jr. is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### San Francisco\n\nIncumbent Aly Arquilano is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n#### Sogod\n\nMoonyeen Durano is the incumbent.\n\n#### Tudela\n\nErwin Yu is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Danao\n\nRamon Durano, Jr. is the incumbent. he will face his brother vice mayor Ramon Durano III.\n\n",
"#### Borbon\n\nBernard Sepulveda is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Carmen\n\nGerard Villamor is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Catmon\n\nDan Jusay is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Compostela\n\nJoel Quiño is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Liloan\n\n[Duke Frasco](/wiki/Duke_Frasco \"Duke Frasco\") is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Pilar\n\nJet Fernandez is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Poro\n\nIncumbent Luciano Rama, Jr. is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### San Francisco\n\nIncumbent Aly Arquilano is running for his reelection unopposed.\n\n",
"#### Sogod\n\nMoonyeen Durano is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Tudela\n\nErwin Yu is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### 6th District, Mayoral Election\n\n* **[City](/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines \"Cities of the Philippines\")**: [Mandaue City](/wiki/Mandaue_City \"Mandaue City\")\n* **[Municipalities](/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines \"Municipalities of the Philippines\")**: [Consolacion](/wiki/Consolacion%2C_Cebu \"Consolacion, Cebu\"), [Cordova](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Cebu \"Cordova, Cebu\")\n\n#### Mandaue City\n\nJonas Cortes is the incumbent.\n\n#### Consolacion\n\nTeresa Alegado is the incumbent.\n\n#### Cordova\n\nAdelino Sitoy is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Mandaue City\n\nJonas Cortes is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Consolacion\n\nTeresa Alegado is the incumbent.\n\n",
"#### Cordova\n\nAdelino Sitoy is the incumbent.\n\n",
"### Cebu City Mayoral Election\n\n[Mike Rama](/wiki/Mike_Rama \"Mike Rama\") is the incumbent. He faced off 2nd District Congressman [Tomas Osmeña](/wiki/Tomas_Osme%C3%B1a \"Tomas Osmeña\"), who served as mayor from 2001 until 2010\\. He is the brother of Senator Serge Osmeña and grandson of former president Sergio Osmeña Sr.\n\n",
"### Lapu\\-Lapu City Mayoral Election\n\nPaz Radaza is the incumbent. She faced Liberal Party bet Jun Pelaez.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2013 Philippine local elections](/wiki/Category:2013_Philippine_local_elections \"2013 Philippine local elections\")\n[Category:Elections in Cebu](/wiki/Category:Elections_in_Cebu \"Elections in Cebu\")\n\n"
]
}
|
KT Wiz
|
{
"id": [
10289486
],
"name": [
"Trappist the monk"
]
}
|
tnhm0bkig2oftapoh0ei6v1p2yfof9q
|
2024-10-18T23:47:47Z
| 1,250,625,187 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Season-by-season records",
"Current squad",
"Managers",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **KT Wiz** (; stylized as kt wiz) are a South Korean [professional baseball team](/wiki/Professional_baseball \"Professional baseball\") based in [Suwon](/wiki/Suwon \"Suwon\"). They are a member of the [KBO League](/wiki/KBO_League \"KBO League\"). Their home stadium is [Suwon Baseball Stadium](/wiki/Suwon_Baseball_Stadium \"Suwon Baseball Stadium\") in [Suwon](/wiki/Suwon \"Suwon\").\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nOn 11 January 2013, the [Korea Baseball Organization](/wiki/Korea_Baseball_Organization \"Korea Baseball Organization\") officially approved KT Baseball Club's admission to [KBO League](/wiki/KBO_League \"KBO League\"), beginning with the [2015 season](/wiki/2015_KBO_League_season \"2015 KBO League season\"). The Suwon KT Wiz played the 2013 season as part of the [KBO Futures League](/wiki/KBO_Futures_League \"KBO Futures League\")'s Freedom Division,Fast, Alex. [\"So You Want To Get Into The KBO: The Pitcher List staff brings you the definitive guide to the KBO,\"](https://www.pitcherlist.com/so-you-want-to-get-into-the-kbo/) *Pitcher List* (May 2020\\). and the 2014 season as part of the Futures League's Blue League division.[\"PARTICIPATING FRANCHISES IN THE KBO FUTURES LEAGUE,\"](https://baseballinkorea.wordpress.com/2014/01/19/participating-franchises-in-the-kbo-futures-league/) Baseball in Korea (19 January 2014\\). In 2015, the team was elevated to the KBO League.\n\nAs a new KBO League team in 2015, the Wiz were allowed four foreign players on their roster each season (as opposed to the usual three).[\"KBO clubs snatch up new foreign players following rule change,\"](https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20131216003151315) Yonhap News Agency (16 December 2013\\). Foreign players signed by the Wiz for the 2015 season were pitchers [Phil Irwin](/wiki/Phil_Irwin \"Phil Irwin\"), [Andrew Sisco](/wiki/Andrew_Sisco \"Andrew Sisco\") and [Chris Oxspring](/wiki/Chris_Oxspring \"Chris Oxspring\"), and hitter [Andy Marte](/wiki/Andy_Marte \"Andy Marte\") (Sisco and Irwin were both released mid\\-season and replaced by [Dan Black](/wiki/Dan_Black_%28baseball%29 \"Dan Black (baseball)\") and [Justin Germano](/wiki/Justin_Germano \"Justin Germano\"), respectively). Beginning in the 2017 season, the Wiz's allowed allotment of foreign players reverted to three to match the rest of the league.\n\nAfter five straight seasons without a playoff appearance, Wiz finally broke through in 2020, finishing second with a 81–62–1 record. They were eliminated by the [Doosan Bears](/wiki/Doosan_Bears \"Doosan Bears\") in the semifinals after four games. The following year, for the first time in franchise history, KT Wiz became regular season champions after defeating the [Samsung Lions](/wiki/Samsung_Lions \"Samsung Lions\") in an additional tiebreaker and advanced directly to the [Korean Series](/wiki/2021_Korean_Series \"2021 Korean Series\"). In the final, they won their first Korean Series title, sweeping the Doosan Bears in four games.\n\n",
"Season\\-by\\-season records\n--------------------------\n\n| Year\n\n Rank\n\n Regular season\n\n Postseason\n\n Awards\n\n|Standings\n\nGames\n\nWins\n\nLosses\n\nDraws\n\nWin%\n\nBA\n\nHR\n\nERA\n\n| [2015](/wiki/2015_KBO_League_season \"2015 KBO League season\") | 10/10 | 10/10 | 144 | 52 | 91 | 1 | .364 | .273 | 129 | 5\\.56 | *Did not qualify* | |\n| [2016](/wiki/2016_KBO_League_season \"2016 KBO League season\") | 10/10 | 10/10 | 144 | 53 | 89 | 2 | .373 | .276 | 116 | 5\\.92 | *Did not qualify* | |\n| [2017](/wiki/2017_KBO_League_season \"2017 KBO League season\") | 10/10 | 10/10 | 144 | 50 | 94 | 0 | .347 | .275 | 119 | 5\\.75 | *Did not qualify* | |\n| [2018](/wiki/2018_KBO_League_season \"2018 KBO League season\") | 9/10 | 9/10 | 144 | 59 | 82 | 3 | .418 | .275 | 206 | 5\\.34 | *Did not qualify* | [Kang Baek\\-ho](/wiki/Kang_Baek-ho \"Kang Baek-ho\") () |\n| [2019](/wiki/2019_KBO_League_season \"2019 KBO League season\") | 6/10 | 6/10 | 144 | 71 | 71 | 2 | .500 | .277 | 103 | 4\\.29 | *Did not qualify* | |\n| [2020](/wiki/2020_KBO_League_season \"2020 KBO League season\") | 3/10 | 2/10 | 144 | 81 | 62 | 1 | .566 | .284 | 163 | 4\\.54 | **Lost** playoff vs. [Doosan Bears](/wiki/Doosan_Bears \"Doosan Bears\") (1–3\\) | [Mel Rojas Jr.](/wiki/Mel_Rojas_Jr. \"Mel Rojas Jr.\") ()[So Hyung\\-jun](/wiki/So_Hyung-jun \"So Hyung-jun\") (ROTY) |\n| [2021](/wiki/2021_KBO_League_season \"2021 KBO League season\") | 1/10 | 1/10 | 144 | 76 | 59 | 9 | .563 | .265 | 106 | 3\\.67 | **Won** [Korean Series](/wiki/2021_Korean_Series \"2021 Korean Series\") vs. [Doosan Bears](/wiki/Doosan_Bears \"Doosan Bears\") (4–0\\) | |\n| [2022](/wiki/2022_KBO_League_season \"2022 KBO League season\") | 4/10 | 4/10 | 144 | 80 | 62 | 2 | .563 | .254 | 119 | 3\\.51 | **Won** wild card vs. [Kia Tigers](/wiki/Kia_Tigers \"Kia Tigers\") (1–0\\)**Lost** semi\\-playoff vs. [Kiwoom Heroes](/wiki/Kiwoom_Heroes \"Kiwoom Heroes\") (2–3\\) | |\n| [2023](/wiki/2023_KBO_League_season \"2023 KBO League season\") | 2/10 | 2/10 | 144 | 79 | 62 | 3 | .560 | .265 | 89 | 3\\.94 | **Won** playoff vs. [NC Dinos](/wiki/NC_Dinos \"NC Dinos\") (3–2\\)**Lost** [Korean Series](/wiki/2023_Korean_Series \"2023 Korean Series\") vs. [LG Twins](/wiki/LG_Twins \"LG Twins\") (1–4\\) | |\n| [2024](/wiki/2024_KBO_League_season \"2024 KBO League season\") | 5/10 | 5/10 | 144 | 72 | 70 | 2 | .507 | .279 | 145 | 5\\.11 | **Won** wild card vs. [Doosan Bears](/wiki/Doosan_Bears \"Doosan Bears\") (2–0\\)**Lost** semi\\-playoff vs. [LG Twins](/wiki/LG_Twins \"LG Twins\") (2–3\\) | |\n",
"Current squad\n-------------\n\n",
"Managers\n--------\n\n* [Cho Bum\\-hyun](/wiki/Cho_Bum-hyun \"Cho Bum-hyun\") (2013–2016\\)\n* [Kim Jin\\-wook](/wiki/Kim_Jin-wook \"Kim Jin-wook\") (2017–2018\\)\n* [Lee Kang\\-chul](/wiki/Lee_Kang-chul \"Lee Kang-chul\") (2019–present)\n",
"References\n----------\n\nGeneral\n Notes\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:KBO League teams](/wiki/Category:KBO_League_teams \"KBO League teams\")\n[Category:Sport in Suwon](/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Suwon \"Sport in Suwon\")\n[Category:Baseball teams established in 2013](/wiki/Category:Baseball_teams_established_in_2013 \"Baseball teams established in 2013\")\n[Wiz](/wiki/Category:KT_Sports \"KT Sports\")\n[Category:2013 establishments in South Korea](/wiki/Category:2013_establishments_in_South_Korea \"2013 establishments in South Korea\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Razaj
|
{
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
}
|
a38a13yl1ukk9vhyhyqum0j7t5zb9yj
|
2017-03-27T21:58:45Z
| 765,336,188 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Razaj** (; also known as **Razach**) is a village in [Jeyhun Dasht Rural District](/wiki/Jeyhun_Dasht_Rural_District \"Jeyhun Dasht Rural District\"), [Shara District](/wiki/Shara_District \"Shara District\"), [Hamadan County](/wiki/Hamadan_County \"Hamadan County\"), [Hamadan Province](/wiki/Hamadan_Province \"Hamadan Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 335, in 67 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Hamadan County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Hamadan_County \"Populated places in Hamadan County\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Shin Sekai
|
{
"id": [
42400115
],
"name": [
"Moca-chin"
]
}
|
0kxsr0suc1yyjgnocznsn5nymruz22k
|
2024-03-30T15:01:49Z
| 1,216,362,672 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Shin Sekai",
"Places",
"Video games",
"Music",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"**Shin Sekai** meaning New World in Japanese may refer to:\n\n",
"Places\n------\n\n* [Shinsekai](/wiki/Shinsekai \"Shinsekai\"), a neighborhood in Osaka, Japan\n",
"Video games\n-----------\n\n* [Shinsekai: Into the Depths](/wiki/Shinsekai:Into_the_Depths \"Into the Depths\"), an adventure video game\n",
"Music\n-----\n\n* [Shin Sekaï](/wiki/Shin_Seka%C3%AF \"Shin Sekaï\"), French singing / rapping fusion duo\n* *Shin Sekai \\~Real of the World\\~*, debut album of Japanese visual kei rock band [Zi:Kill](/wiki/Zi:Kill \"Kill\")\n* \"Shin Sekai\", song by [DJ Krush](/wiki/DJ_Krush \"DJ Krush\") feat. Rino from his 1997 album *[MiLight](/wiki/MiLight \"MiLight\")*\n* \"Shin Sekai\", song by Japanese rock band [THE BACK HORN](/wiki/THE_BACK_HORN \"THE BACK HORN\") from their 2000 album *[Yomigaeru Hi](/wiki/Yomigaeru_Hi \"Yomigaeru Hi\")*\n* \"Shin Sekai\", song by [Izabel Varosa](/wiki/Izabel_Varosa \"Izabel Varosa\") from her album *Justice*\n* \"shinsekai\", 2010 album by Japanese rock band [Midori](/wiki/Midori_%28band%29 \"Midori (band)\")\n* \"Shinsekai\", song by Japanese rock band [FLOW](/wiki/Flow_%28Japanese_band%29 \"Flow (Japanese band)\")\n* \"Shinsekai\", 2022 album by Japanese visual kei rock band [MUCC](/wiki/Mucc \"Mucc\")\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Shin Sekai Yori](/wiki/Shin_Sekai_Yori \"Shin Sekai Yori\"), the Japanese title of the novel *[From the New World (novel)](/wiki/From_the_New_World_%28novel%29 \"From the New World (novel)\")*\n* [新世界 (disambiguation)](/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C_%28disambiguation%29 \"新世界 (disambiguation)\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Get Up (Nate Dogg song)
|
{
"id": [
12999752
],
"name": [
"Sufur222"
]
}
|
8zc0oizdjt3xkjkv2ltuca5jthlqn91
|
2022-07-10T14:55:44Z
| 1,097,401,050 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Track listings",
"Charts",
"Release history",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\"**Get Up**\" is a hip\\-hop song by American recording artist [Nate Dogg](/wiki/Nate_Dogg \"Nate Dogg\"), released as the first single from his third self\\-titled studio album *[Nate Dogg](/wiki/Nate_Dogg_%28album%29 \"Nate Dogg (album)\")* (2003\\). The song features additional vocals from American rapper [Eve](/wiki/Eve_%28entertainer%29 \"Eve (entertainer)\") and the song is produced by [DJ Quik](/wiki/DJ_Quik \"DJ Quik\").\n\n",
"Track listings\n--------------\n\nCD single\n1. \"Get Up\" (Amended Version) (featuring [Eve](/wiki/Eve_%28entertainer%29 \"Eve (entertainer)\")) – 3:50\n2. \"Get Up\" (Original Version) (featuring [Eve](/wiki/Eve_%28entertainer%29 \"Eve (entertainer)\")) – 3:50\n3. \"Get Up\" (Amended W/o Rap) – 3:50\n4. \"Get Up\" (Instrumental) – 3:50\n5. \"Get Up\" (TV Track) – 3:50\n6. \"Get Up\" (Acapella) (featuring [Eve](/wiki/Eve_%28entertainer%29 \"Eve (entertainer)\")) – 3:47\n",
"Charts\n------\n\n| Chart (2003\\)\n\n Peak \nposition\n\n| |\n|\n\n|\n\n|\n\n",
"Release history\n---------------\n\n| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | |\n\n| United States | | [Rhythmic contemporary](/wiki/Rhythmic_contemporary \"Rhythmic contemporary\") · [urban contemporary radio](/wiki/Urban_contemporary_music \"Urban contemporary music\") | [Elektra](/wiki/Elektra_Records \"Elektra Records\") | |\n|\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:2003 singles](/wiki/Category:2003_singles \"2003 singles\")\n[Category:2003 songs](/wiki/Category:2003_songs \"2003 songs\")\n[Category:Elektra Records singles](/wiki/Category:Elektra_Records_singles \"Elektra Records singles\")\n[Category:Nate Dogg songs](/wiki/Category:Nate_Dogg_songs \"Nate Dogg songs\")\n[Category:Eve (rapper) songs](/wiki/Category:Eve_%28rapper%29_songs \"Eve (rapper) songs\")\n[Category:Song recordings produced by DJ Quik](/wiki/Category:Song_recordings_produced_by_DJ_Quik \"Song recordings produced by DJ Quik\")\n[Category:Songs written by Eve (rapper)](/wiki/Category:Songs_written_by_Eve_%28rapper%29 \"Songs written by Eve (rapper)\")\n[Category:Songs written by Nate Dogg](/wiki/Category:Songs_written_by_Nate_Dogg \"Songs written by Nate Dogg\")\n[Category:Songs written by DJ Quik](/wiki/Category:Songs_written_by_DJ_Quik \"Songs written by DJ Quik\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Mothers News
|
{
"id": [
47880584
],
"name": [
"Schützenpanzer"
]
}
|
cmvwq5jlnvayxwzb3iofzfwp6d5z33k
|
2024-07-11T15:31:14Z
| 1,233,912,657 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Content",
"In other media",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Mothers News*** was a free monthly newspaper published in [Providence, RI](/wiki/Providence%2C_RI \"Providence, RI\") by Rhododendron Festival. It existed between 2010 and 2015\\.\n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\n*Mothers News* had a circulation of 5,000 copies per month, including national and international subscribers who receive issues by mail. The first issue was published in May 2010\\. Initially in 2 page broadsheet format, it expanded in 2011 to 8 pages (or occasionally 12\\).\n\nThe paper was owned and published by Rhododendron Festival, Inc. and edited by Jacob Khepler (née Berendes).[*Brown Daily Herald* article on *Mothers News*](http://www.browndailyherald.com/with-quirk-and-funk-motherly-only-in-name-1.2658695) It was distributed locally in Providence and nationally at independent bookstores, boutiques, and venues.[Providence Phoenix Coverage, June 2012](http://providence.thephoenix.com/news/139855-mothers-news-tackles-cheesecake-and-left-handers-d/) \n\n*Mothers News* won the 2011 New England Art Award, in the 'book' category.[2011 New England Art Awards winners](http://gregcookland.com/journal/2012/03/02/2011-new-england-art-awards-winners/) \n\n[The College Hill Independent](/wiki/The_College_Hill_Independent \"The College Hill Independent\") covered the publication of the 30th issue of *Mothers News* in November, 2012, interviewing editor Jacob Khepler.[College Hill Independent, November 2, 2012](http://students.brown.edu/College_Hill_Independent/?p=7514) In the interview, Khepler commented on his hope for the newspaper, saying, \"I want the newspaper to be a bit of a beacon for ‘I’m just doing my thing and it’s working. I trust myself. And my eyes are open to possibility, to failure, to change. And you could do the same thing.’\"\n\nSpace1026 Gallery in Philadelphia, PA held a *Mothers News* art show in September 2012, showcasing work from the paper.[theartblog.org Review](http://www.theartblog.org/2012/09/a-roomful-of-mothers-news-at-space-1026/)\n\n*Mothers News* was an official exhibitor at the 2011 Brooklyn Comics and Graphics Festival,[Brooklyn Comics and Graphics Festival Exhibitors List](http://www.comicsandgraphicsfest.com/2011-exhibitors/2011) a featured speaker and exhibitor at the 2013 Baltimore Publications and Multiples Fair,[Baltimore PMF announcement](http://www.openspacebaltimore.com/index.php?/events/fourth-annual-publications--multiples-fair/) and a special guest at the Rhode Island Independent Publishing Expo\n\n",
"Content\n-------\n\n*Mothers News* included articles on philosophy, religion, arts, culture, music, and more. The paper includes a street fashion column and a comic section, featuring monthly comics from several notable comic artists, including [Brian Chippendale](/wiki/Brian_Chippendale \"Brian Chippendale\"), [Christopher Forgues](/wiki/Christopher_Forgues \"Christopher Forgues\"), Michael Deforge,[Comic Book Resources interview with Michael Deforge](http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2012/01/i-generally-want-my-comics-to-feel-like-dreams-an-interview-with-michael-deforge/) Charles Forsman [Fantagraphics on Charles Forsman, mentions *Mothers News*](http://www.fantagraphics.com/index.php?option=com_myblog&show=Charles-Forsman-Joins-Forces-With-Fantagraphics.html&Itemid=113)\\> and others.\n\nBack issues of the first three years of *Mothers News* are viewable online.\n\n",
"In other media\n--------------\n\nAn issue of *Mothers News* was visible on a table in the November 11, 2011 episode of [Roger Ebert](/wiki/Roger_Ebert \"Roger Ebert\")'s PBS television show *[Ebert Presents: At the Movies](/wiki/Ebert_Presents:At_the_Movies \"At the Movies\")* (see [screenshot](http://mothersnewsofficial.tumblr.com/post/12800685274/mothers-news-on-ebert-presents-nov-11-2011-pb) or [video](http://www.ebertpresents.com/episodes/episode-217/videos/324)).\n\nComic strips from *Mothers News* appeared in the exhibition \"Comics\" by CF, at Beginnings—Gallery in New York City NY.\n\nIn a 2012 photo of fashion journalist [Tavi Gevinson](/wiki/Tavi_Gevinson \"Tavi Gevinson\")'s bedroom, a September issue of *Mothers News* featuring a \"fashion news\" section appears among other prints and jewelry.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [*Mothers News* Official Website](http://www.mothersnews.net/)\n* [Rhododendron Festival Official Website](http://rf5.org/)\n\n \n\n[Category:Lifestyle magazines published in the United States](/wiki/Category:Lifestyle_magazines_published_in_the_United_States \"Lifestyle magazines published in the United States\")\n[Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States](/wiki/Category:Monthly_magazines_published_in_the_United_States \"Monthly magazines published in the United States\")\n[Category:Defunct magazines published in the United States](/wiki/Category:Defunct_magazines_published_in_the_United_States \"Defunct magazines published in the United States\")\n[Category:Free magazines](/wiki/Category:Free_magazines \"Free magazines\")\n[Category:Magazines established in 2010](/wiki/Category:Magazines_established_in_2010 \"Magazines established in 2010\")\n[Category:Magazines disestablished in 2015](/wiki/Category:Magazines_disestablished_in_2015 \"Magazines disestablished in 2015\")\n[Category:Magazines published in Rhode Island](/wiki/Category:Magazines_published_in_Rhode_Island \"Magazines published in Rhode Island\")\n[Category:Mass media in Providence, Rhode Island](/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Providence%2C_Rhode_Island \"Mass media in Providence, Rhode Island\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Manifesto of the People of Brabant
|
{
"id": [
14965160
],
"name": [
"Marcocapelle"
]
}
|
6bk5qcurm19qx4lmaibsnbnjoaukmir
|
2023-03-17T21:12:49Z
| 1,143,840,874 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Manifesto",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n|[200px](/wiki/File:Manifest_aan_het_Brabantse_Volk_-_pag_1.jpg \"Manifest aan het Brabantse Volk - pag 1.jpg\")\n\n[187px](/wiki/File:Manifest_van_het_Brabantsche_Volk.png \"Manifest van het Brabantsche Volk.png\")\n\n|First page of the manuscript \nof the Manifesto (in French).\n\nTitle page of the printed version \n of the Manifesto (in Dutch).\n\nThe **Manifesto of the People of Brabant** (, ) was a document made public at the start of the [Brabant Revolution](/wiki/Brabant_Revolution \"Brabant Revolution\") in 1789 proclaiming the end of [the domination of the House of Austria](/wiki/Austrian_Netherlands \"Austrian Netherlands\") over the [Duchy of Brabant](/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant \"Duchy of Brabant\"). It was first written in [French](/wiki/French_language \"French language\") and then printed in [French](/wiki/French_language \"French language\") and [Dutch](/wiki/Dutch_language \"Dutch language\").\n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nIn October 1789, the leader of the [\"Statists\"](/wiki/Statists_%28Belgium%29 \"Statists (Belgium)\"), [Henri Van der Noot](/wiki/Henri_Van_der_Noot \"Henri Van der Noot\") and the general [Jean\\-André van der Meersch](/wiki/Jean-Andr%C3%A9_van_der_Meersch \"Jean-André van der Meersch\") led a small army of patriots from the [Dutch Republic](/wiki/Dutch_Republic \"Dutch Republic\") where they had been in exile into the Duchy of Brabant, then under Austrian rule. The first significant town liberated was [Hoogstraten](/wiki/Hoogstraten \"Hoogstraten\") and it was there that van der Noot made the declaration public to his army.\n\n",
"Manifesto\n---------\n\nThe manifesto was first read on 24 October 1789 in the town of Hoogstraten, though it had been published on the previous day by the Committee of [Breda](/wiki/Breda \"Breda\").\n\nThe Duke of Brabant was obliged by the terms of the [Joyous Entry](/wiki/Joyous_Entry_of_1356 \"Joyous Entry of 1356\") to respect the privileges of the people of Brabant. The element which sparked the revolution was the infringement of the terms, meaning that the declaration also declared Duke Joseph of Brabant deposed from his position.\n\nThe declaration led, in January 1790, to the establishment of the [United Belgian States](/wiki/United_Belgian_States \"United Belgian States\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Brabant Revolution](/wiki/Brabant_Revolution \"Brabant Revolution\")\n* [Committee of United Belgians and Liégeois](/wiki/Committee_of_United_Belgians_and_Li%C3%A9geois \"Committee of United Belgians and Liégeois\")\n* [Manifesto of the Province of Flanders](/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_Province_of_Flanders \"Manifesto of the Province of Flanders\")\n* [Treaty of Union (1790\\)](/wiki/Treaty_of_Union_%281790%29 \"Treaty of Union (1790)\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Manifeste des Brabançons](http://www.1789-1815.com/manifeste.htm) , text of the manifesto\n\n[Category:Brabant Revolution](/wiki/Category:Brabant_Revolution \"Brabant Revolution\")\n[Category:Political manifestos](/wiki/Category:Political_manifestos \"Political manifestos\")\n[Category:1789 documents](/wiki/Category:1789_documents \"1789 documents\")\n[Category:Declarations of independence](/wiki/Category:Declarations_of_independence \"Declarations of independence\")\n[Category:Hoogstraten](/wiki/Category:Hoogstraten \"Hoogstraten\")\n[Category:1789 in the Habsburg monarchy](/wiki/Category:1789_in_the_Habsburg_monarchy \"1789 in the Habsburg monarchy\")\n[Category:1789 in the Holy Roman Empire](/wiki/Category:1789_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire \"1789 in the Holy Roman Empire\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Trigg's Arkansas Battery
|
{
"id": [
5718152
],
"name": [
"Arjayay"
]
}
|
ppeql9t2mty1kg0zagvdxfsl21cv2ny
|
2024-02-12T21:46:50Z
| 1,146,376,244 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Organization",
"Service",
"Disbanded",
"Confusion over naming",
"See also",
"Notes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Trigg's Arkansas Battery** (1861–1862\\) was a [Confederate Army](/wiki/Confederate_Army \"Confederate Army\") [artillery battery](/wiki/Artillery_battery \"Artillery battery\") during the [American Civil War](/wiki/American_Civil_War \"American Civil War\"). the unit is also known as the Austin Artillery, Auston's Artillery, Austin's Artillery, and Company B, of Shoup's Artillery Battalion.United States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 10, In Two Parts. Part 1, Reports., Book, 1884; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/391/?q\\=Trigg](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/391/?q=Trigg) Arkansas Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. This battery is distinguished from a later organization, the [9th Arkansas Field Battery](/wiki/9th_Arkansas_Field_Battery \"9th Arkansas Field Battery\"), which was also commanded by Captain John T. Trigg.\n\n",
"Organization\n------------\n\nJohn T. Trigg was an attorney, railroad agent and politician. His sister Frances married Edmund Burgevin, who became the Adjutant General of Arkansas in 1861\\. His half\\-brother was Arkansas Governor Henry Rector.Allardice, Bruce. \"Re: Trigg's Battery 1864\\- Bruce Allardice\", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 2/17/2013, Accessed 18 February 2013, [http://history\\-sites.com/cgi\\-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs\\_config.pl?page\\=1;md\\=read;id\\=27893](http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?page=1;md=read;id=27893) He first entered service as an enlisted member of the Pulaski Light Artillery, a military battery from Little Rock. He was paid for service in the battery, April 20–30,Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Page , Borlands Regiment, accessed October 1, 2010, <http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar/borlands.html> 1861 when the battery was sent as part of a militia battalion led by Colonel [Solon Borland](/wiki/Solon_Borland \"Solon Borland\") to seize the Federal post at Fort Smith, Arkansas. The unit returned to Little Rock in time to fire the salute celebrating Arkansas's secession from the Union on May 6, 1861\\. Trigg received a Militia Commission as captain of a volunteer artillery company of the 13th Militia Regiment of Pulaski County on May 22, 1861\\. The other officers listed in the battery are:Arkansas Military Department Records, List of Commissioned Officers in State Militia 1827–1862, Microfilm Roll 00000038\\-8, Page 258\n* Hart Baswell 1st LT\n* E. J. Thurston 2nd LT\n* A. B. Trigg, 3rd LT.\n\nTrigg's Battery first moved to Pittman's Ferry, near Pocahontas, in northeast Arkansas.United States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 3\\., Book, 1881; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154606/m1/697/?q\\=Arkansas](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154606/m1/697/?q=Arkansas) Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. On July 14, 1861, Confederate Brigadier General [William J. Hardee](/wiki/William_J._Hardee \"William J. Hardee\") arrived in Little Rock to assume unified Confederate command in the state. The following day the state Military Board signed an \"Article of Transfer\", which provided that all state forces would be transferred on a voluntary basis to the command of the Confederate States of America. The Articles of Transfer included Major [Francis A. Shoup](/wiki/Francis_A._Shoup \"Francis A. Shoup\")'s battalion of artillery;Confederate military history: a library of Confederate States history, Volume 10, Page 327, Accessed 21 February 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id\\=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ\\&dq\\=Shoup%27s\\+Arkansas\\+Artillery\\+Battalion\\&pg\\=RA1\\-PA327](https://books.google.com/books?id=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ&dq=Shoup%27s+Arkansas+Artillery+Battalion&pg=RA1-PA327)\n\nCompany A, Captain A. W. Clarkson's [Helena Light Artillery](/wiki/Helena_Artillery \"Helena Artillery\"),The National Archives Publication Number: M317, Publication Title: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Arkansas, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957, National Archives Catalog Title: Carded Records Showing Military Service of Soldiers Who Fought in Confederate Organizations , compiled 1903 \\- 1927, documenting the period 1861 \\- 1865, Record Group: 109, Roll: 0039, Military Unit: Hart's Battery, Light Artillery AND Key's Battery, Light Artillery, Accessed 21 February 2013, [http://www.fold3\\.com/image/\\#20\\|219834366](http://www.fold3.com/image/#20|219834366)\nCompany B, Captain John T. Trigg's battery; and\nCompany C, Captain George T. Hubbard's [Jackson Light Artillery](/wiki/Jackson_Light_Artillery \"Jackson Light Artillery\").\nMany Confederate artillery units seem to have begun the war named for the city or county that sponsored their organization. In the [Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies](/wiki/Official_Records_of_the_American_Civil_War \"Official Records of the American Civil War\"), artillery units are most often referred to by the name of their battery commander. During the war, efforts were made to organize artillery units into battalions and regiments, but the battalions seldom functioned as a consolidated organization, in fact batteries were often broken out and fought as one or two gun sections. Shoup's battalion would be an exception to this rule.Confederate military history: a library of Confederate States history, Volume 10, Page 334, Accessed 21 February 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id\\=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ\\&dq\\=Shoup%27s\\+Arkansas\\+Artillery\\+Battalion\\&pg\\=RA1\\-PA327](https://books.google.com/books?id=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ&dq=Shoup%27s+Arkansas+Artillery+Battalion&pg=RA1-PA327)\n\n",
"Service\n-------\n\nThe battery, as part of Shoup's Battalion moved to central Kentucky with Hardee's forces.United States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 7\\., Book, 1882; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154610/m1/858/?q\\=Arkansas](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154610/m1/858/?q=Arkansas) Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, TexasUnited States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 7\\., Book, 1882; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154610/m1/910/?q\\=shoup](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154610/m1/910/?q=shoup) : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. Major Shoup's battalion was associated with Brigadier General Patrick Cleburne's brigade when it moved into Kentucky and remained so until after the battle of Shiloh. The Battalion was in the retreat from Bowling Green to Corinth, Mississippi, following the fall of Forts Donelson and Henry.Confederate military history: a library of Confederate States history, Volume 10, Page 328, Accessed 21 February 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id\\=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ\\&dq\\=Shoup%27s\\+Arkansas\\+Artillery\\+Battalion\\&pg\\=RA1\\-PA327](https://books.google.com/books?id=VZ9YAAAAMAAJ&dq=Shoup%27s+Arkansas+Artillery+Battalion&pg=RA1-PA327)\n\n[thumb\\|Ruggles' Battery, specifically the position occupied by Shoup's Arkansas Artillery Battalion at [Shiloh National Military Park](/wiki/Shiloh_National_Military_Park \"Shiloh National Military Park\")During](/wiki/File:Ruggles%27_Battery_at_Shiloh_National_Military_Park.jpg \"Ruggles' Battery at Shiloh National Military Park.jpg\") the [Battle of Shiloh](/wiki/Battle_of_Shiloh \"Battle of Shiloh\"), a.k.a. Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, Sunday, April 6, 1862 – Monday, April 7, 1862, the battery, armed with two 6\\-pounder smoothbores and two 12\\-pounder howitzers was assigned with the rest of Shoup's battalion to General [Patrick Cleburne](/wiki/Patrick_Cleburne \"Patrick Cleburne\")'s 2nd Brigade of Major General [William J. Hardee](/wiki/William_J._Hardee \"William J. Hardee\") Corps. Major Shoup was serving and Major General Hardee's Chief of Artillery.1913 Report of the Shiloh National Military Part Commission, Detailed movements of the Organizations, Second Brigade \\- Third Corps \\- Army of the Mississippi, Brigadier General Patrick R. Cleburne, Accessed 21 February 2013, <http://www.shilohbattlefield.org/commission/Pages/Mississippi/Hardee/cleburne.htm> By the afternoon of Sunday, April 6, 1862, men of Brig. Gens. [Benjamin M. Prentiss](/wiki/Benjamin_M._Prentiss \"Benjamin M. Prentiss\")'s and [W. H. L. Wallace](/wiki/W._H._L._Wallace \"W. H. L. Wallace\")'s Union divisions had established and held a position nicknamed the *Hornet's Nest*.Cunningham, O. Edward. Shiloh and the Western Campaign of 1862\\. Edited by Gary Joiner and Timothy Smith. New York: Savas Beatie, 2007\\. , pp. 241–42\\. The Confederates assaulted the position for several hours rather than simply bypassing it, and they suffered heavy casualties during these assaults.Eicher, David J. The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. New York: Simon \\& Schuster, 2001\\. . p. 227, cites 12\\. See Also, Daniel, Larry J. Shiloh: The Battle That Changed the Civil War. New York: Simon \\& Schuster, 1997\\. p. 214, The Confederates, led by Brig. Gen. [Daniel Ruggles](/wiki/Daniel_Ruggles \"Daniel Ruggles\"), assembled a 'grand battery' of over 50 cannons, including Trigg's Arkansas BatteryUnited States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 10, In Two Parts. Part 1, Reports., Book, 1884; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/487/?q\\=Trigg](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/487/?q=Trigg) Arkansas Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. into a position known as \"Ruggles' Battery\".Historians disagree on the number of artillery pieces the Confederates massed against the Hornets' Nest. Cunningham, p. 290, can account for 51\\. Daniel, p. 229, argues for 53\\. Eicher, p. 228 and Sword, Wiley. Shiloh: Bloody April. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992\\. . First published 1974 by Morrow. p. 326, report the traditional count of 62, which was originally established by battlefield historian D.W. Reed. Some controversy exists as to who exactly gave the order to concentrate artillery at this point. It has gone down in history as \"Ruggle's Battery\" but Major Shoup also claimed the credit. Other sources indicate that Brig. Genl. James Trudeau began the concentration after orders from Beauregard. National Park Service tablets at the [Shiloh National Military Park](/wiki/Shiloh_National_Military_Park \"Shiloh National Military Park\") use the \"Ruggle's Battery\" designation. This concentration originated about 3:00 pm when General Beauregard was informed of the death of General [Albert S. Johnston](/wiki/Albert_S._Johnston \"Albert S. Johnston\") thereby making Beauregard the army commander. He immediately moved to push the stalled rebel attack by assigning General Braxton Bragg to command in the eastern sector of the battlefield and General Ruggles to command in the center of the battlefield, the Duncan field sector. Ruggles issued orders to gather the artillery into a group which historians now believe totaled 55 guns. Major Francis Shoup also claims a portion of the credit for this grouping which came about because Shoup and Ruggles were unaware of the other being present. There were actually two groups of guns in Ruggle's Grand Battery, the northern group and the southern group. The northern group contained the batteries located by aides of General Ruggles and brought to the field. This group is the group formed by Ruggles. The southern group was commanded by Major Shoup and contained a group of batteries who had been under Shoup\"s supervision and had been resting following the morning fight near the main Corinth Road. The northern group, commanded by Captain Bankhead included a section of Ketchum's Alabama battery 2 guns, Hodgson's Louisiana battery 6 guns, Bankhead's Tennessee battery 6 guns, Stanford's Mississippi battery 6 guns, Robertson's Alabama battery, 4 guns for a total of 30 guns. The southern group of guns, commanded by Major Shoup included Roberts Arkansas battery 4 guns, Triggs Arkansas battery 4 guns, Sweet's Mississippi battery 6 guns, a section of Hubbard's Arkansas battery (Lt Thrall commanding) 2 guns, Brynes Kentucky battery, 7 guns and a section of Cobb's Kentucky Battery, 2 guns, for a total of 25 guns. The guns of these two groups came from different areas of the battlefield. It appears that Shoup was not initially aware of the presence of the northern group of guns or Ruggles' orders to gather the guns. The resulting artillery concentration of 55 guns was, up to that time, the largest concentration of artillery ever on the North American continent and was itself a historical event. This status did not last long as it was quickly surpassed by even larger artillery concentrations in the Eastern Theater of the war. The grand battery enabled Confederates to surround the position, and the Hornet's Nest fell after holding out for seven hours.Nevin, David, and the Editors of Time\\-Life Books. The Road to Shiloh: Early Battles in the West. Alexandria, VA: Time\\-Life Books, 1983\\. . pp. 121–29, 136–39; See also Esposito, Vincent J. West Point Atlas of American Wars. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959\\. OCLC 5890637, map 36; Daniel, pp. 207–14; See Also Woodworth, Steven E. Nothing but Victory: The Army of the Tennessee, 1861–1865\\. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005\\. . pp. 179–85; See Also Eicher, p. 227\\. Sword, p. 306, lists 2,320 captured; Eicher, p. 228, 2,200; Daniel, p. 214, 2,400\\.\n\nIn early May 1862, Confederate forces underwent an army\\-wide reorganization due to the passage of the Conscription Act by the Confederate Congress in April 1862\\.UPTON, EMORY, Bvt. Maj. Gen., United States Army; \"THE MILITARY POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES\" WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1912, Page 471, Congressional edition, Volume 6164, Google Books, Accessed 4 November 2011, [https://books.google.com/books?id\\=2\\-tGAQAAIAAJ\\&dq\\=Confederate\\+conscription\\+law\\+reorganization\\+regiment\\&pg\\=PA471](https://books.google.com/books?id=2-tGAQAAIAAJ&dq=Confederate+conscription+law+reorganization+regiment&pg=PA471) All twelve\\-month units had to re\\-muster and enlist for two additional years or the duration of the war; a new election of officers was ordered; and men who were exempted from service by age or other reasons under the Conscription Act were allowed to take a discharge and go home. Officers who did not choose to stand for re\\-election were also offered a discharge. The reorganization was accomplished among all the Arkansas units in and around Corinth, Mississippi, following the Battle of Shiloh.Howerton, Bryan, \"14th Arkansas Regiment, No. 1\", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Accessed 29 July 2011, [http://history\\-sites.com/cgi\\-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs\\_config.pl?noframes;read\\=14705](http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?noframes;read=14705)Hale, D. (1993\\). The Third Texas Cavalry in the Civil War. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, Page 112, Accessed at Google Books on 24 September 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id\\=8tbiTNskS1wC\\&dq\\=confederate\\+conscription\\+act\\+%28april\\+1862%29\\+reorganization\\+Corinth\\&pg\\=PA112](https://books.google.com/books?id=8tbiTNskS1wC&dq=confederate+conscription+act+%28april+1862%29+reorganization+Corinth&pg=PA112) Several Arkansas Officers, such as Colonel [Robert G. Shaver](/wiki/Robert_G._Shaver \"Robert G. Shaver\") and Colonel Dandridge McCrae chose not to stand for re\\-election and instead choose to return to Arkansas and raise new units. Some of these officers choose to follow Major General Thomas C. Hindman, who was appointed in May 1862 to assume command of the new Department of the Trans\\-Mississippi. It is not clear if Captain John Trigg chose to resign at this point or if he was defeated in the re\\-organization, but he drops out of sight in the Army of Mississippi at about the time of the reorganization.\n\nTrigg's Arkansas Battery is listed in General P.G.T Beauregard's report of the Confederate Army of the Mississippi on May 26, 1862\\. The unit is assigned to Brigadier General Patrick Cleburne's 2nd Brigade of General Hardee's 3rd Army Corps.United States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 10, In Two Parts. Part 2, Correspondence, etc., Book, 1884; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154614/m1/550/?q\\=Trigg](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154614/m1/550/?q=Trigg) Arkansas Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. By June 30, 1862, Trigg's Battery, now under the command of Thomas M. Austin and listed as Austin's Arkansas Artillery is assigned to a brigade commanded by Colonel [Alexander T. Hawthorn](/wiki/Alexander_T._Hawthorn \"Alexander T. Hawthorn\"). Hawthorn's Brigade had been created from units regiments drawn from the other brigades of the Hardee's Corps and included Austin's Battery.United States. War Dept.. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 10, In Two Parts. Part 1, Reports., Book, 1884; digital images, ([http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/796/?q\\=Trigg](http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154613/m1/796/?q=Trigg) Arkansas Battery : accessed February 13, 2013\\), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, <http://texashistory.unt.edu>; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas. Hawthorn's Brigade was short lived as he departed to serve in the Trans\\-Mississippi and the brigade was broken up at the end of July 1862, Austin's Battery being disbanded at the same time.\n\n",
"Disbanded\n---------\n\nThe exact date and reasons for the disbanding of Trigg's/Austin's battery is unclear. It is clear that Captain Thomas M. Austin signed a receipt on July 23, 1862 delivering the battery's guns and equipment to Darden's Jefferson Mississippi Battery.Mississippi State University, Digital Collections, Invoice of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores, Accessed 13 February 2013, <http://digital.library.msstate.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/charm/id/14948/rec/1> It appears that approximately thirty of the unit's personnel were reassigned either to Darden's Battery, with others, including several officers, being reassigned to Robert's Arkansas Battery, also known as Wiggin's battery or the [2nd Arkansas Light Artillery](/wiki/2nd_Arkansas_Light_Artillery \"2nd Arkansas Light Artillery\").Osborne, Phil \"In addition..\" Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted , Accessed 13 February 2013, [http://history\\-sites.com/cgi\\-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs\\_config.pl?page\\=1;md\\=read;id\\=27851](http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs62x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?page=1;md=read;id=27851) Captain Austin returned to the ranks in Key's [Helena Artillery](/wiki/Helena_Artillery \"Helena Artillery\"), eventually rising back to the rank of Second Lieutenant.NARA M317\\. Compiled service records of Confederate soldiers from Arkansas units, Publication Number: M317Roll: 0039, Military Unit: Hart's Battery, Light Artillery AND Key's Battery, Light Artillery, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957 Captain Trigg does not appear to have immediately returned to service in Arkansas. Unlike other senior Arkansas leaders of the Army of Mississippi who returned to Arkansas in the summer of 1862 helping General Hindman organize a new Army, Trigg is not mentioned again in military service until a September 1863 order that directs him and his company to joint General Sterling Price's Division. The reason for this disappearance may have been bad relations with General Hindman. There was a great deal of animosity between General Hindman and Arkansas Governor Rector relating to events surrounding the mobilization of Arkansas forces in the summer of 1862\\. General Hindman arrived back in Little Rock in late May 1862 and found that Governor Rector had fled with the state government to Hot Springs. Hindman would implement martial law in Arkansas, which resulted in complaints from Governor Rector to Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Trigg, who was a half brother to and former law partner of Governor Rector would have ample reason to lie low until Hindman was transferred back east of the Mississippi River in Spring of 1863\\.\n\n",
"Confusion over naming\n---------------------\n\nLarry Daniels, in Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee, 1861–1865\\. (Tuscaloosa, AL: Fire Ant Books, 2005\\)., lists Trigg's Battery as the Clark County Light Artillery.Larry Daniels, in Cannoneers in Gray: The Field Artillery of the Army of Tennessee, 1861\\-1865\\. (Tuscaloosa, AL: Fire Ant Books, 2005\\) This confusion was apparently caused by the transfer of several former members of Trigg's Arkansas Battery to Roberts' [Clark County Artillery](/wiki/2nd_Arkansas_Light_Artillery \"2nd Arkansas Light Artillery\") following the break up of Trigg's Battery. Other histories have identified Trigg's unit as \"The Austin Artillery\" or \"Auston's Artillery\". It does not appear that Trigg's battery was ever referred to as \"the Austin Artillery\" while Captain Trigg was in command. This confusion is apparently caused by the short tour of command by Captain Thomas M. Austin. Additional confusion was caused by the fact that when members of Trigg's/Austin's Battery were transferred to Darden's Mississippi Battery, the compiliers of the Compiled Service Records recorded Austin's name as Auston.The National Archives Publication Number: M269, Publication Title: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Mississippi, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog ID: 586957, National Archives Catalog Title: Carded Records Showing Military Service of Soldiers Who Fought in Confederate Organizations , compiled 1903 \\- 1927, documenting the period 1861 \\- 1865, Record Group: 109, State: Mississippi, Roll: 0095, Military Unit: Capt. Darden's CO., Light Artillery (Jefferson Artillery), M\\-W AND Capt. English's Co., Light Artillery AND Capt. Graves' Co., Light Artillery (Issaquena Artillery) AND Capt. Hoole's Co., Light Artillery Accessed 21 February 2013, [http://www.fold3\\.com/image/\\#67757943](http://www.fold3.com/image/#67757943) The unit is also confused by some as being the same battery that became the [9th Arkansas Field Battery](/wiki/9th_Arkansas_Field_Battery \"9th Arkansas Field Battery\"), because Captain John Trigg also commanded that organization. It appears that John Trigg himself is the only connection between these two units.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units](/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_Civil_War_Confederate_units \"List of Arkansas Civil War Confederate units\")\n* [Lists of American Civil War Regiments by State](/wiki/Lists_of_American_Civil_War_Regiments_by_State \"Lists of American Civil War Regiments by State\")\n* [Confederate Units by State](/wiki/Lists_of_American_Civil_War_Regiments_by_State%23Confederate_Forces \"Lists of American Civil War Regiments by State#Confederate Forces\")\n* [Arkansas in the American Civil War](/wiki/Arkansas_in_the_American_Civil_War \"Arkansas in the American Civil War\")\n* [Arkansas Militia in the Civil War](/wiki/Arkansas_Militia_in_the_Civil_War \"Arkansas Militia in the Civil War\")\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* Cunningham, O. Edward. *Shiloh and the Western Campaign of 1862*. Edited by Gary Joiner and Timothy Smith. New York: Savas Beatie, 2007\\. .\n* Daniel, L. J. (1989\\). Cannoneers in gray: The field artillery of the Army of Tennessee, 1861–1865\\. University, Ala: University of Alabama Press.\n* Daniel, Larry J. *Shiloh: The Battle That Changed the Civil War*. New York: Simon \\& Schuster, 1997\\. .\n* [Eicher, David J.](/wiki/David_J._Eicher \"David J. Eicher\") *The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War*. New York: Simon \\& Schuster, 2001\\. .\n* Esposito, Vincent J. *West Point Atlas of American Wars*. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959\\. . The collection of maps (without explanatory text) is available online at the [West Point website](https://archive.today/20120829203141/http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/american_civil_war/).\n* Evans, C. A. (1962\\). Confederate military history: A library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes. New York: Thomas Yoseloff.\n* Grimsley, Mark, and Steven E. Woodworth. *Shiloh: A Battlefield Guide*. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006\\. .\n* Hale, D. (1993\\). The Third Texas Cavalry in the Civil War. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.\n* [Hanson, Victor Davis](/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson \"Victor Davis Hanson\"). *Ripples of Battle: How Wars of the Past Still Determine How We Fight, How We Live, and How We Think*. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 2003\\. .\n* McDonough, James L. \"Battle of Shiloh.\" In *Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History*, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton \\& Company, 2000\\. .\n* Nevin, David, and the Editors of Time\\-Life Books. *The Road to Shiloh: Early Battles in the West*. Alexandria, VA: Time\\-Life Books, 1983\\. .\n* Sword, Wiley. *Shiloh: Bloody April*. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992\\. . First published 1974 by Morrow.\n* United States. (1961\\). Compiled service records of Confederate soldiers who served in organizations from the State of Arkansas. Washington \\[D.C.: National Archives, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration.\n* U.S. War Department, [*The War of the Rebellion*](http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/browse.monographs/waro.html): *a Compilation of the [Official Records](/wiki/Official_Records_of_the_American_Civil_War \"Official Records of the American Civil War\") of the Union and Confederate Armies*, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901\\.\n* Woodworth, Steven E. *Nothing but Victory: The Army of the Tennessee, 1861–1865*. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005\\. .\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Edward G. Gerdes Civil War Home Page](http://www.couchgenweb.com/civilwar)\n* [The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture](http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/item-detail.aspx?type=Time+Period&item=Civil+War+through+Reconstruction+(1861+-+1874))\n* [The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies](http://digital.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html)\n* [The Arkansas History Commission, State Archives, Civil War in Arkansas](http://arkansascivilwar.com)\n\n[Category:Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Arkansas](/wiki/Category:Units_and_formations_of_the_Confederate_States_Army_from_Arkansas \"Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Arkansas\")\n[Category:1862 disestablishments in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:1862_disestablishments_in_Arkansas \"1862 disestablishments in Arkansas\")\n[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1862](/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_disestablished_in_1862 \"Military units and formations disestablished in 1862\")\n[Category:Military units and formations in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_in_Arkansas \"Military units and formations in Arkansas\")\n[Category:Military in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:Military_in_Arkansas \"Military in Arkansas\")\n[Category:1861 establishments in Arkansas](/wiki/Category:1861_establishments_in_Arkansas \"1861 establishments in Arkansas\")\n[Category:Military units and formations established in 1861](/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_established_in_1861 \"Military units and formations established in 1861\")\n[Category:Artillery units and formations of the American Civil War](/wiki/Category:Artillery_units_and_formations_of_the_American_Civil_War \"Artillery units and formations of the American Civil War\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Cornwall with Caroline Quentin
|
{
"id": [
14965160
],
"name": [
"Marcocapelle"
]
}
|
e126k7qcs4e7lzlg5gyu415lma8416v
|
2024-02-06T10:27:12Z
| 1,173,637,466 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Transmissions",
"Episode list",
"Series 1",
"Series 2",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Cornwall with Caroline Quentin*** is a British [documentary](/wiki/Documentary \"Documentary\") series about [Cornwall](/wiki/Cornwall \"Cornwall\"), presented by [Caroline Quentin](/wiki/Caroline_Quentin \"Caroline Quentin\"). The first series comprised 8 episodes and was broadcast on [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_network%29 \"ITV (TV network)\") from 2 January to 20 February 2012\\. The second series comprised 10 episodes and was broadcast from 7 January to 11 March 2013\\. Episodes are shown on Monday evenings at 8pm.\n\n",
"Transmissions\n-------------\n\n| Series | Start date | End date | Episodes |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| **1** | 2 January 2012 | 20 February 2012 | 8 |\n| **2** | 7 January 2013 | 11 March 2013 | 10 |\n|\n\n",
"Episode list\n------------\n\n### Series 1\n\n| Episode | Broadcast Date | Ratings | [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_channel%29 \"ITV (TV channel)\") Weekly Rank |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 2 January 2012 | 3\\.72m | 30 |\n| 2 | 9 January 2012 | 3\\.61m | 27 |\n| 3 | 16 January 2012 | 3\\.39m | 26 |\n| 4 | 23 January 2012 | 3\\.74m | 24 |\n| 5 | 30 January 2012 | 3\\.35m | 28 |\n| 6 | 6 February 2012 | 3\\.65m | 23 |\n| 7 | 13 February 2012 | 3\\.64m | 23 |\n| 8 | 20 February 2012 | 3\\.37m | 27 |\n\n### Series 2\n\n| Episode | Broadcast Date | Ratings | [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_channel%29 \"ITV (TV channel)\") Weekly Rank |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 7 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 2 | 14 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 3 | 21 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 4 | 28 January 2013 | Under 3\\.25m | Outside top 30 |\n| 5 | 4 February 2013 | Under 3\\.24m | Outside top 30 |\n| 6 | 11 February 2013 | Under 3\\.09m | Outside top 30 |\n| 7 | 18 February 2013 | Under 3\\.31m | Outside top 30 |\n| 8 | 25 February 2013 | Under 2\\.96m | Outside top 30 |\n| 9 | 4 March 2013 | Under 3\\.01m | Outside top 30 |\n| 10 | 11 March 2013 | 2\\.94m | 30 |\n\n",
"### Series 1\n\n| Episode | Broadcast Date | Ratings | [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_channel%29 \"ITV (TV channel)\") Weekly Rank |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 2 January 2012 | 3\\.72m | 30 |\n| 2 | 9 January 2012 | 3\\.61m | 27 |\n| 3 | 16 January 2012 | 3\\.39m | 26 |\n| 4 | 23 January 2012 | 3\\.74m | 24 |\n| 5 | 30 January 2012 | 3\\.35m | 28 |\n| 6 | 6 February 2012 | 3\\.65m | 23 |\n| 7 | 13 February 2012 | 3\\.64m | 23 |\n| 8 | 20 February 2012 | 3\\.37m | 27 |\n\n",
"### Series 2\n\n| Episode | Broadcast Date | Ratings | [ITV](/wiki/ITV_%28TV_channel%29 \"ITV (TV channel)\") Weekly Rank |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | 7 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 2 | 14 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 3 | 21 January 2013 | Under 3\\.42m | Outside top 30 |\n| 4 | 28 January 2013 | Under 3\\.25m | Outside top 30 |\n| 5 | 4 February 2013 | Under 3\\.24m | Outside top 30 |\n| 6 | 11 February 2013 | Under 3\\.09m | Outside top 30 |\n| 7 | 18 February 2013 | Under 3\\.31m | Outside top 30 |\n| 8 | 25 February 2013 | Under 2\\.96m | Outside top 30 |\n| 9 | 4 March 2013 | Under 3\\.01m | Outside top 30 |\n| 10 | 11 March 2013 | 2\\.94m | 30 |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:2010s British documentary television series](/wiki/Category:2010s_British_documentary_television_series \"2010s British documentary television series\")\n[Category:2012 British television series debuts](/wiki/Category:2012_British_television_series_debuts \"2012 British television series debuts\")\n[Category:2013 British television series endings](/wiki/Category:2013_British_television_series_endings \"2013 British television series endings\")\n[Category:ITV documentaries](/wiki/Category:ITV_documentaries \"ITV documentaries\")\n[Category:Television series by ITV Studios](/wiki/Category:Television_series_by_ITV_Studios \"Television series by ITV Studios\")\n[Category:British English\\-language television shows](/wiki/Category:British_English-language_television_shows \"British English-language television shows\")\n[Category:Television shows set in Cornwall](/wiki/Category:Television_shows_set_in_Cornwall \"Television shows set in Cornwall\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Ptolemaios Sarigiannis
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"176.58.139.6"
]
}
|
kfc44zwcxwcestyt4aj6pyk7sqy8jwd
|
2024-05-07T14:41:40Z
| 1,143,718,436 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + - * + - \n\t\t\t\t\t**Ptolemaios Sarigiannis** (, c. 1882–1958\\) was a [Greek](/wiki/Greece \"Greece\") [Army](/wiki/Hellenic_Army \"Hellenic Army\") officer who rose to the rank of [Major General](/wiki/Major_General \"Major General\"), holding senior staff positions during the [Greco\\-Turkish War of 1919–1922](/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_of_1919%E2%80%931922 \"Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922\") and serving as Chief of the [Hellenic Army General Staff](/wiki/Hellenic_Army_General_Staff \"Hellenic Army General Staff\") in 1925–1926\\.\n\n",
"Life\n----\n\nPtolemaios Sarigiannis was born in [Piraeus](/wiki/Piraeus \"Piraeus\") in about 1882\\. He entered the [Hellenic Army Academy](/wiki/Hellenic_Army_Academy \"Hellenic Army Academy\") in 1900 and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant of Engineers on 9 July 1903\\. He later completed his studies as a staff officer in the *[École Supérieure de Guerre](/wiki/%C3%89cole_Sup%C3%A9rieure_de_Guerre \"École Supérieure de Guerre\")*. In 1906–1908 he participated in the [Greek Struggle for Macedonia](/wiki/Greek_Struggle_for_Macedonia \"Greek Struggle for Macedonia\") against the [Bulgarian](/wiki/Bulgaria \"Bulgaria\")\\-sponsored [Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization](/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization \"Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization\") (IMRO), serving in the Greek consulate of [Monastir](/wiki/Bitola \"Bitola\") under the assumed name **Kalamidis**. In 1909 he was promoted to Lieutenant, and participated in the [Balkan Wars](/wiki/Balkan_Wars \"Balkan Wars\") of 1912–1913 as Commander of Engineers of the [3rd Infantry Division](/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_%28Greece%29 \"3rd Infantry Division (Greece)\").\n\nPromoted to Captain in 1913 and Major in 1915, Sarigiannis joined the [Venizelist](/wiki/Venizelist \"Venizelist\") [Movement of National Defence](/wiki/Movement_of_National_Defence \"Movement of National Defence\"), and served as chief of staff of the [Crete Division](/wiki/Crete_Division \"Crete Division\") on the [Macedonian front](/wiki/Macedonian_front \"Macedonian front\"). Promoted to Lt. Colonel in 1917, he was again promoted to Colonel in 1919 in recognition of distinguished service during the May 1918 [Battle of Skra\\-di\\-Legen](/wiki/Battle_of_Skra-di-Legen \"Battle of Skra-di-Legen\").\n\nSarigiannis played a crucial role in the [Greco\\-Turkish War of 1919–1922](/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_of_1919%E2%80%931922 \"Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922\"), initially as chief of staff to the Army of Occupation in the [Smyrna Zone](/wiki/Smyrna_Zone \"Smyrna Zone\"), as deputy chief of staff to the expanded [Army of Asia Minor](/wiki/Army_of_Asia_Minor \"Army of Asia Minor\") during the 1921 operations, and finally as deputy chief of staff in the [Army of Thrace](/wiki/Army_of_Thrace_%28Greece%29 \"Army of Thrace (Greece)\"). In this capacity he also participated in the February 1921 London Conference as a member of the Greek delegation under Prime Minister [Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos](/wiki/Nikolaos_Kalogeropoulos \"Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos\"). Following the collapse of the Greek front in August 1922, he participated in the Greek delegation to the [Mudanya Armistice](/wiki/Mudanya_Armistice \"Mudanya Armistice\") negotiations under Major General [Alexandros Mazarakis\\-Ainian](/wiki/Alexandros_Mazarakis-Ainian \"Alexandros Mazarakis-Ainian\").\n\nSarigiannis was dismissed from the army shortly after, but was recalled to active service, promoted Major General and placed as head of the [Hellenic Army General Staff](/wiki/Hellenic_Army_General_Staff \"Hellenic Army General Staff\") (replacing Mazarakis\\-Ainian) in 1925, when general [Theodoros Pangalos](/wiki/Theodoros_Pangalos_%28general%29 \"Theodoros Pangalos (general)\") seized power. Sarigiannis was dismissed again on 31 August 1926, after Pangalos' fall, and was replaced by Mazarakis\\-Ainian.\n\nIn 1944, after Greece was liberated from [German occupation](/wiki/German_occupation_of_Greece \"German occupation of Greece\"), he served briefly as Vice\\-Minister of Military Affairs. Prior to that, he was elected as a member of the [National Council](/wiki/National_Council_%28Greece%29 \"National Council (Greece)\") established by the [National Liberation Front](/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_%28Greece%29 \"National Liberation Front (Greece)\").\n\nHe died in 1958\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1880s births](/wiki/Category:1880s_births \"1880s births\")\n[Category:1958 deaths](/wiki/Category:1958_deaths \"1958 deaths\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Greek people](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Greek_people \"20th-century Greek people\")\n[Category:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Greece](/wiki/Category:Eastern_Orthodox_Christians_from_Greece \"Eastern Orthodox Christians from Greece\")\n[Category:Hellenic Army major generals](/wiki/Category:Hellenic_Army_major_generals \"Hellenic Army major generals\")\n[Category:Chiefs of the Hellenic Army General Staff](/wiki/Category:Chiefs_of_the_Hellenic_Army_General_Staff \"Chiefs of the Hellenic Army General Staff\")\n[Category:Greek military personnel of World War I](/wiki/Category:Greek_military_personnel_of_World_War_I \"Greek military personnel of World War I\")\n[Category:Greek military personnel of the Greco\\-Turkish War (1919–1922\\)](/wiki/Category:Greek_military_personnel_of_the_Greco-Turkish_War_%281919%E2%80%931922%29 \"Greek military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)\")\n[Category:Military personnel from Piraeus](/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Piraeus \"Military personnel from Piraeus\")\n[Category:Greek military personnel of the Macedonian Struggle](/wiki/Category:Greek_military_personnel_of_the_Macedonian_Struggle \"Greek military personnel of the Macedonian Struggle\")\n[Category:Greek military personnel of the Balkan Wars](/wiki/Category:Greek_military_personnel_of_the_Balkan_Wars \"Greek military personnel of the Balkan Wars\")\n[Category:National Liberation Front (Greece) members](/wiki/Category:National_Liberation_Front_%28Greece%29_members \"National Liberation Front (Greece) members\")\n[Category:People from Piraeus](/wiki/Category:People_from_Piraeus \"People from Piraeus\")\n\n"
]
}
|
WikiArt
|
{
"id": [
25128593
],
"name": [
"Cakelot1"
]
}
|
2iytsjew5lbogjnz52k55zu3udnwvcx
|
2024-01-26T12:10:30Z
| 1,172,396,617 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"AI research",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|Home page of WikiArt](/wiki/File:Wikiart.jpg \"Wikiart.jpg\")\n\n**WikiArt** (formerly known as **WikiPaintings**) is a visual art [wiki](/wiki/Wiki \"Wiki\"), active since 2010\\.\n\nThe developers are based in [Ukraine](/wiki/Ukraine \"Ukraine\"). Since 2010, the Editor in Chief of WikiArt is the Ukrainian art critic Kseniia Bilash.\n\nIn April 2022, access to WikiArt was restricted in Russia, by request of the [General Prosecutor](/wiki/General_Prosecutor_of_Russia \"General Prosecutor of Russia\")’s office, according to [Roskomsvoboda](/wiki/Roskomsvoboda \"Roskomsvoboda\").\n\n",
"AI research\n-----------\n\nWikiArt is often used by scientists who study [AI](/wiki/Artificial_intelligence \"Artificial intelligence\"). They train AI on WikiArt data trying to discover its ability to recognize, classify, and generate art.\n\nIn 2015, computer scientists Babak Saleh and Ahmed Egammal of [Rutgers University](/wiki/Rutgers_University \"Rutgers University\") used images from WikiArt in training an algorithm to look at paintings and detect the works’ genre, style and artist. Later, researchers from Rutgers University, the [College of Charleston](/wiki/College_of_Charleston \"College of Charleston\") and Facebook's AI Lab collaborated on a [generative adversarial network](/wiki/Generative_adversarial_network \"Generative adversarial network\") (GAN), training it on WikiArt data to tell the difference between a piece of art versus a photograph or diagram, and to identify different styles of art. Then, they designed a [creative adversarial network](/wiki/Creative_adversarial_network \"Creative adversarial network\") (CAN), also trained on WikiArt dataset, to generate new works that does not fit known artistic styles.\n\nIn 2016, Chee Seng Chan (Associate Professor at [University of Malaya](/wiki/University_of_Malaya \"University of Malaya\")) and his co\\-researchers trained a [convolutional neural network](/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network \"Convolutional neural network\") (CNN) on WikiArt datasets and presented their paper \"Ceci n’est pas une pipe: A Deep Convolutional Network for Fine\\-art Paintings Classification\". They released ArtGAN to explore the possibilities of AI in its relation to art. In 2017, a new study and improved ArtGAN was published: \"Improved ArtGAN for Conditional Synthesis of Natural Image and Artwork\".\n\nIn 2018, an *[Edmond de Belamy](/wiki/Edmond_de_Belamy \"Edmond de Belamy\")* portrait produced by a GAN was sold for $432,500 at a [Christie's](/wiki/Christie%27s \"Christie's\") auction. The algorithm was trained on a set of 15,000 portraits from WikiArt, spanning the 14th to the 19th century.\n\nIn 2019, Eva Cetinic, a researcher at the [Rudjer Boskovic Institute](/wiki/Ru%C4%91er_Bo%C5%A1kovi%C4%87_Institute \"Ruđer Bošković Institute\") in Croatia, and her colleagues, used images from WikiArt in training machine\\-learning algorithms to explore the relationship between the aesthetics, sentimental value, and memorability of fine art.\n\nIn 2020, Panos Achlioptas, a researcher at [Stanford University](/wiki/Stanford_University \"Stanford University\") and his co\\-researchers collected 439,121 affective annotations involving emotional reactions and written explanations of those, for 81 thousand artworks of WikiArt. Their study involved 6,377 human annotators and it resulted in the first neural\\-based speaker model that showed non\\-trivial [Turing test](/wiki/Turing_test \"Turing test\") performance in emotion\\-explanation tasks.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Arts databases](/wiki/Category:Arts_databases \"Arts databases\")\n[Category:Virtual art museums and galleries](/wiki/Category:Virtual_art_museums_and_galleries \"Virtual art museums and galleries\")\n[Category:Ukrainian online encyclopedias](/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_online_encyclopedias \"Ukrainian online encyclopedias\")\n[Category:Wikis](/wiki/Category:Wikis \"Wikis\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Ruslan Samitov
|
{
"id": [
27015025
],
"name": [
"InternetArchiveBot"
]
}
|
59n2ys4mkvzotqp4vzs6ai9hr947wft
|
2024-08-19T17:35:46Z
| 1,184,016,607 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Triple jump",
"Bobsleigh",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Ruslan Rustemovich Samitov** (; born 11 July 1991\\) is a Russian [bobsleigh](/wiki/Bobsleigh \"Bobsleigh\") athlete and former [track and field](/wiki/Track_and_field \"Track and field\") athlete who competed in the [triple jump](/wiki/Triple_jump \"Triple jump\"). His personal best is 17\\.30 metres. He was the runner\\-up at the [2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships](/wiki/2013_European_Athletics_Indoor_Championships \"2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships\").\n\n",
"Triple jump\n-----------\n\nSamitov made his international debut at the [2009 European Athletics Junior Championships](/wiki/2009_European_Athletics_Junior_Championships \"2009 European Athletics Junior Championships\"), where he finished fourth.[Руслан Рустемович Самитов](http://www.rusathletics.com/sbo/athletes.5482.htm). RusAthletics. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\. He also cleared sixteen metres in the event for the first time that year. He improved to 16\\.51 m in 2010 and jumped 16\\.90 m the following year.[Ruslan Samitov](http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/russia/ruslan-samitov#progression). IAAF. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\.\n\nAt the regional [Volga](/wiki/Volga \"Volga\") championships in 2011 he pushed himself into second in the Russian rankings behind [Lyukman Adams](/wiki/Lyukman_Adams \"Lyukman Adams\") by clearing 17\\.25 m.[2012 Men's Triple Jump Rankings](http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/horizontal-jumps/triple-jump/outdoor/men/senior/2012). IAAF. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\.[Ruslan Samitov](http://eng.rusathletics.com/sbo/athletes.5482.htm). RusAthletics. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\. He was chosen to compete at the [2012 European Athletics Championships](/wiki/2012_European_Athletics_Championships \"2012 European Athletics Championships\"), but did not progress beyond the qualifiers.[2012 European Championships \\- Men's Triple Jump](http://www.sportresult.com/sports/la/AJAX/user_files/2012/Helsinki/pdf/re0840040.pdf) . European Athletics. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\. At the start of the 2013 season he jumped an indoor best of 17\\.06 m to win the Russian indoor title and he surprised with a new lifetime best of 17\\.30 m at the [2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships](/wiki/2013_European_Athletics_Indoor_Championships \"2013 European Athletics Indoor Championships\") to win the [silver medal](/wiki/Silver_medal \"Silver medal\") behind [Daniele Greco](/wiki/Daniele_Greco \"Daniele Greco\").Dolgopolov, Nickolai \\& Orlov, Rostislav (2013\\-02\\-14\\). [Ustalova and Shubenkov post world leads at Russian Indoor Championships](http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/ustalova-and-shubenkov-post-world-leads-at-ru). IAAF. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\.Landells, Steve (2013\\-03\\-02\\). [Aregawi dominates, Vicaut wins close 60m, Klishina and Greco impress at European Indoors](http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/aregawi-dominates-vicaut-wins-close-60m-klish). IAAF. Retrieved on 2013\\-03\\-04\\.\n\n",
"Bobsleigh\n---------\n\nHe began competing in [bobsleigh](/wiki/Bobsleigh \"Bobsleigh\") as a brakeman in 2016\\. He took part in the 2017 [European Bobsleigh Championships](/wiki/European_Bobsleigh_Championships \"European Bobsleigh Championships\"). He represented Russia at the [2018 Winter Olympics](/wiki/2018_Winter_Olympics \"2018 Winter Olympics\"), then competed at the European and [World Bobsleigh Championships](/wiki/World_Bobsleigh_Championships \"World Bobsleigh Championships\") in 2019 and 2020\\.[Ruslan Samitov](https://www.ibsf.org/en/athletes/athlete/263924/Samitov). IBSF. Retrieved 2021\\-01\\-10\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1991 births](/wiki/Category:1991_births \"1991 births\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Kazan](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Kazan \"Sportspeople from Kazan\")\n[Category:Russian male triple jumpers](/wiki/Category:Russian_male_triple_jumpers \"Russian male triple jumpers\")\n[Category:Russian male bobsledders](/wiki/Category:Russian_male_bobsledders \"Russian male bobsledders\")\n[Category:Olympic bobsledders for Russia](/wiki/Category:Olympic_bobsledders_for_Russia \"Olympic bobsledders for Russia\")\n[Category:Bobsledders at the 2018 Winter Olympics](/wiki/Category:Bobsledders_at_the_2018_Winter_Olympics \"Bobsledders at the 2018 Winter Olympics\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Pollyanna Chu
|
{
"id": [
1450053
],
"name": [
"Edwardx"
]
}
|
qfsjdcl6rwv7wsx2vbl145i1eavxwr8
|
2024-10-18T11:34:47Z
| 1,251,840,953 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Education",
"Personal life",
"Career",
"Kingston Financial Group",
"Securities and Futures Commission",
"Golden Resorts Group",
"Sincere Watch",
"Organization",
"Awards",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Pollyanna Chu** (*Chu Yuet Wah*; ) is a Hong Kong businesswoman. She is an executive of Kingston Financial Group, Golden Resorts Group, and Sincere Watch. As of 30 January 2018, Chu's estimated net worth was US $10\\.2 billion, making her the 14th richest person in Hong Kong.\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nChu was born in 1958 as Yuet Wah Lee in [British Hong Kong](/wiki/British_Hong_Kong \"British Hong Kong\"). Her father was Wai Man Lee. She grew up in [Aberdeen, Hong Kong](/wiki/Aberdeen%2C_Hong_Kong \"Aberdeen, Hong Kong\").\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\nPollyanna Chu moved to the United States at the age of 18\\. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Management from [Golden Gate University](/wiki/Golden_Gate_University \"Golden Gate University\") and was awarded an Honorary Ph.D. in Business Management by York University in Toronto, Canada.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nChu married Nicholas Chu, whom she met while studying in San Francisco. She has one child, Kingston, who was born in San Francisco, but raised in Hong Kong. In November 2015, her son Kingston married Kelly Lo in Hong Kong.\n\nIn December 2021, Chu was eligible to vote four times in the [2021 Hong Kong legislative election](/wiki/2021_Hong_Kong_legislative_election \"2021 Hong Kong legislative election\"), yielding 0\\.0337997% of the total voting value (elected seats), which is 6801 times more than the value of an average voter's total voting value.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nPollyanna and her husband Nicholas Chu became involved in property investment at her father's recommendation and moved to Hong Kong in 1992 to pursue this interest.\n\n### Kingston Financial Group\n\nFollowing success in California real estate, the couple founded Kingston Financial Group Ltd in 1992\\. The company was named after their son. Chu was managing director. Kingston Financial was co\\-managed by Nicholas Chu. The company initially focused on IPO distribution and mergers and acquisitions.\n\nIn 2016, Chu became the CEO and executive director of Kingston Financial Group. At that time, she also became the biggest shareholder.\n\n### Securities and Futures Commission\n\nIn 1997 she was \"fined...for working as an unregistered dealer.\" Chu was accused of [market manipulation](/wiki/Market_manipulation \"Market manipulation\") in 2003 by the [Securities and Futures Commission](/wiki/Securities_and_Futures_Commission \"Securities and Futures Commission\").\n\n### Golden Resorts Group\n\nChu is the CEO of Golden Resorts Group Limited, an entity engaged in the hotel and gambling business, most notably Casa Real Hotel and Grandview Hotel in [Macau](/wiki/Macau \"Macau\").\n\n### Sincere Watch\n\nIn 2012, Chu bought a 100% stake in [Sincere Watch Limited](/wiki/Sincere_Watch_Limited \"Sincere Watch Limited\"), which is run by her son, Kingston Chu.\n\nIn May 2012, Chu became the executive director of Sincere Watch (Hong Kong) Limited and director of Sincere Watch Limited. In July 2012, she became the chairman of Sincere Watch (Hong Kong) Limited.\n\nIn July 2012, she was named chairwoman of [Franck Muller](/wiki/Franck_Muller \"Franck Muller\")'s Asia\\-Pacific operations.\n\n",
"### Kingston Financial Group\n\nFollowing success in California real estate, the couple founded Kingston Financial Group Ltd in 1992\\. The company was named after their son. Chu was managing director. Kingston Financial was co\\-managed by Nicholas Chu. The company initially focused on IPO distribution and mergers and acquisitions.\n\nIn 2016, Chu became the CEO and executive director of Kingston Financial Group. At that time, she also became the biggest shareholder.\n\n",
"### Securities and Futures Commission\n\nIn 1997 she was \"fined...for working as an unregistered dealer.\" Chu was accused of [market manipulation](/wiki/Market_manipulation \"Market manipulation\") in 2003 by the [Securities and Futures Commission](/wiki/Securities_and_Futures_Commission \"Securities and Futures Commission\").\n\n",
"### Golden Resorts Group\n\nChu is the CEO of Golden Resorts Group Limited, an entity engaged in the hotel and gambling business, most notably Casa Real Hotel and Grandview Hotel in [Macau](/wiki/Macau \"Macau\").\n\n",
"### Sincere Watch\n\nIn 2012, Chu bought a 100% stake in [Sincere Watch Limited](/wiki/Sincere_Watch_Limited \"Sincere Watch Limited\"), which is run by her son, Kingston Chu.\n\nIn May 2012, Chu became the executive director of Sincere Watch (Hong Kong) Limited and director of Sincere Watch Limited. In July 2012, she became the chairman of Sincere Watch (Hong Kong) Limited.\n\nIn July 2012, she was named chairwoman of [Franck Muller](/wiki/Franck_Muller \"Franck Muller\")'s Asia\\-Pacific operations.\n\n",
"Organization\n------------\n\n* Chief Executive Officer of Kingston Financial Group (1031\\.HK)\n* Chairman of Sincere Watch (Hong Kong) Limited (444\\.HK)\n\n### Awards\n\nChu was given an \"Outstanding Chinese Prize\" in 2008\\. In 2012, [Forbes Asia](/wiki/Forbes_Asia \"Forbes Asia\") listed her as one of their \"Women In The Mix,\" their \\#35 Power Woman of 2017, their \\#549 'Billionaire' of 2016, and their \\#16 out of 'Hong Kong's 50 Richest' in 2016\\.\n\n",
"### Awards\n\nChu was given an \"Outstanding Chinese Prize\" in 2008\\. In 2012, [Forbes Asia](/wiki/Forbes_Asia \"Forbes Asia\") listed her as one of their \"Women In The Mix,\" their \\#35 Power Woman of 2017, their \\#549 'Billionaire' of 2016, and their \\#16 out of 'Hong Kong's 50 Richest' in 2016\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Hong Kong billionaires](/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_billionaires \"Hong Kong billionaires\")\n[Category:1958 births](/wiki/Category:1958_births \"1958 births\")\n[Category:Golden Gate University alumni](/wiki/Category:Golden_Gate_University_alumni \"Golden Gate University alumni\")\n[Category:Female billionaires](/wiki/Category:Female_billionaires \"Female billionaires\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Hong Kong businesspeople](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Hong_Kong_businesspeople \"20th-century Hong Kong businesspeople\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Hong Kong businesspeople](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Hong_Kong_businesspeople \"21st-century Hong Kong businesspeople\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Hong Kong businesswomen](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Hong_Kong_businesswomen \"20th-century Hong Kong businesswomen\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Hong Kong businesswomen](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Hong_Kong_businesswomen \"21st-century Hong Kong businesswomen\")\n\n"
]
}
|
GIDS Shahpar
|
{
"id": [
39719844
],
"name": [
"Talal Bin Hasan"
]
}
|
je2n3uuydw39kuut917yv3zlkyhecww
|
2024-10-14T08:36:45Z
| 1,246,906,617 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Development",
"Operational history",
"Variants",
"Specifications",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **GIDS Shahpar** is a family of [unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)](/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle \"Unmanned aerial vehicle\") built by [Global Industrial Defence Solutions](/wiki/Global_Industrial_Defence_Solutions \"Global Industrial Defence Solutions\") of Pakistan and used by the Pakistani military. It is currently in production following the completion of a test and qualification phase.\n\n",
"Development\n-----------\n\nAccording to an engineer of AERO (Advanced Engineering Research Organisation), one of the seven companies forming the GIDS consortium, the only parts of the Shahpar aircraft system not produced in Pakistan are the engine and tyres. The sensor suite, a multi\\-sensor turret designated \"Zumr\\-1 (EP)\", is built at an AERO facility near [Islamabad](/wiki/Islamabad \"Islamabad\"). The design features a pusher engine with canard foreplanes in front of the wings.\n\nThe Shahpar is designed to autonomously take off and land on a runway or land with a parachute. Payloads are available for reconnaissance and day/night surveillance. Targets on the ground can be geo\\-referenced and geo\\-pointed by the avionics. The military standard hardware is built to Environmental Standard 810F. Ground equipment is capable of mission planning and simulation; mission management and control as well as debriefing of ground crew.\n\n",
"Operational history\n-------------------\n\nThe first fleet of Shahpars entered service with the [Pakistan Air Force](/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force \"Pakistan Air Force\") and [Pakistan Army](/wiki/Pakistan_Army \"Pakistan Army\") in 2013 along with the [Burraq UCAV](/wiki/Burraq_UCAV \"Burraq UCAV\"). Each flight is made up of five aircraft, a communications station and a ground control station.\n\n",
"Variants\n--------\n\n* Shahpar\n* [Shahpar\\-2](/wiki/Shahpar-2 \"Shahpar-2\")\n",
"Specifications\n--------------\n\n* + - \n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* + - \n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Airborne military robots](/wiki/Category:Airborne_military_robots \"Airborne military robots\")\n[Category:Single\\-engined pusher aircraft](/wiki/Category:Single-engined_pusher_aircraft \"Single-engined pusher aircraft\")\n[Category:Pakistan Army](/wiki/Category:Pakistan_Army \"Pakistan Army\")\n[Category:Pakistan Air Force](/wiki/Category:Pakistan_Air_Force \"Pakistan Air Force\")\n[Category:Military equipment of Pakistan](/wiki/Category:Military_equipment_of_Pakistan \"Military equipment of Pakistan\")\n[Category:Unmanned military aircraft of Pakistan](/wiki/Category:Unmanned_military_aircraft_of_Pakistan \"Unmanned military aircraft of Pakistan\")\n\n"
]
}
|
1964–65 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball season
|
{
"id": [
753665
],
"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
}
|
6c7c8d250ghjjppoz68r8vab6lpwmdk
|
2023-08-17T03:30:47Z
| 1,108,940,573 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Final standings",
"ACC tournament",
"NCAA tournament",
"Regional semifinal",
"Regional third-place game",
"ACC's NCAA record",
"NIT",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n",
"Final standings\n---------------\n\n| Rank | School | W | L | Win % |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Duke](/wiki/Duke_Blue_Devils_men%27s_basketball \"Duke Blue Devils men's basketball\") | 11 | 3 | .786 |\n| 2 | [NC State](/wiki/NC_State_Wolfpack_men%27s_basketball \"NC State Wolfpack men's basketball\") | 10 | 4 | .714 |\n| 3 | [Maryland](/wiki/Maryland_Terrapins_men%27s_basketball \"Maryland Terrapins men's basketball\") | 10 | 4 | .714 |\n| 4 | [North Carolina](/wiki/North_Carolina_Tar_Heels_men%27s_basketball \"North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball\") | 10 | 4 | .714 |\n| 5 | [Wake Forest](/wiki/Wake_Forest_Demon_Deacons_men%27s_basketball \"Wake Forest Demon Deacons men's basketball\") | 6 | 8 | .429 |\n| 6 | [Clemson](/wiki/Clemson_Tigers_men%27s_basketball \"Clemson Tigers men's basketball\") | 4 | 10 | .286 |\n| 7 | [Virginia](/wiki/Virginia_Cavaliers_men%27s_basketball \"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\") | 3 | 11 | .214 |\n| 8 | [South Carolina](/wiki/South_Carolina_Gamecocks_men%27s_basketball \"South Carolina Gamecocks men's basketball\") | 2 | 12 | .143 |\n\n",
"ACC tournament\n--------------\n\nSee [1965 ACC men's basketball tournament](/wiki/1965_ACC_men%27s_basketball_tournament \"1965 ACC men's basketball tournament\")\n\n",
"NCAA tournament\n---------------\n\n### Regional semifinal\n\n[Princeton](/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_men%27s_basketball \"Princeton Tigers men's basketball\") 66, [NC State](/wiki/NC_State_Wolfpack_men%27s_basketball \"NC State Wolfpack men's basketball\") 48\n\n### Regional third\\-place game\n\n[NC State](/wiki/NC_State_Wolfpack_men%27s_basketball \"NC State Wolfpack men's basketball\") 103, [Saint Joseph's](/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Hawks_men%27s_basketball \"Saint Joseph's Hawks men's basketball\") 81\n\n### ACC's NCAA record\n\n1\\-1\n\n",
"### Regional semifinal\n\n[Princeton](/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_men%27s_basketball \"Princeton Tigers men's basketball\") 66, [NC State](/wiki/NC_State_Wolfpack_men%27s_basketball \"NC State Wolfpack men's basketball\") 48\n\n",
"### Regional third\\-place game\n\n[NC State](/wiki/NC_State_Wolfpack_men%27s_basketball \"NC State Wolfpack men's basketball\") 103, [Saint Joseph's](/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Hawks_men%27s_basketball \"Saint Joseph's Hawks men's basketball\") 81\n\n",
"### ACC's NCAA record\n\n1\\-1\n\n",
"NIT\n---\n\nLeague rules prevented ACC teams from playing in the NIT, 1954–1966\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Info at Sports\\-Reference.com](https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/conferences/acc/1965.html)\n\n"
]
}
|
Aubrey Tingle
|
{
"id": [
46242311
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"name": [
"IntentionallyDense"
]
}
|
8qy0rxrsc12evfjlzz1qjip30oownzc
|
2024-07-23T23:29:34Z
| 1,232,239,672 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Education",
"Career",
"Awards",
"Aubrey J. Tingle Prize",
"Current activities",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
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2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Aubrey Tingle** is professor emeritus in the Department of Pediatrics at the [University of British Columbia](/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia \"University of British Columbia\") (UBC) and chair of the board of directors at the Maternal, Infant, Child and Youth Research Network. In March 2001, Tingle was appointed the first president and CEO of The [Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research](/wiki/Michael_Smith_Foundation_for_Health_Research \"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research\") (MSFHR).\n\nPrior to his position at MSFHR, Tingle was assistant dean of research in the Faculty of Medicine at UBC, and vice president of research and education at the [Children's \\& Women's Health Centre of British Columbia](/wiki/British_Columbia%27s_Children%27s_Hospital \"British Columbia's Children's Hospital\"). He also played a leadership role in building the Research Institute for Children's \\& Women's Health at the Children's \\& Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, and was its inaugural executive director. In addition, he was a founding member of the National Alliance of Provincial Health Research Organizations (NAPHRO) and was co\\-chair from 2004 to 2006\\.\n\n",
"Education\n---------\n\nTingle received his pre\\-med training in [zoology](/wiki/Zoology \"Zoology\") from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, in 1963 and his MD from the same university in 1967, when he received the Gold Medal in [paediatrics](/wiki/Paediatrics \"Paediatrics\"). He received his PhD in immunology from McGill University, Montreal in 1973\\.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nHis areas of special professional interest are immunology of [viral infection](/wiki/Viral_infection \"Viral infection\"), [auto\\-immune disease](/wiki/Auto-immune_disease \"Auto-immune disease\"), [immune deficiency](/wiki/Immune_deficiency \"Immune deficiency\") disorders, research administration and strategic planning. The focus of his research has been the relationship between persistent viral infection and the development of disease. His enquiries have used, as a model, a connection between [rubella](/wiki/Rubella \"Rubella\"), rubella immunization, and auto\\-immune [arthritis](/wiki/Arthritis \"Arthritis\").\n\nHe was Executive Director (1993 – 2001\\) of the BC Research Institute for Children's \\& Women's Health (formerly known as the BC Research Institute for Child \\& Family Health)\n\nIn May 2001, he was appointed as the first president and CEO of the newly established Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR).\n\n### Awards\n\nThe Paediatric Chairs of Canada (PCC) awarded him the inaugural Paediatric Academic Leadership Clinical Researcher Award. for \" excellence in leadership and innovation in fostering multiple environments that have advanced child and youth health research in Vancouver, the Province of British Columbia, and across Canada.\" \nThe Canadian Federation of Biological Societies (CFBS) Political Advocacy of Science Award was presented to Dr. Tingle in 2004\\.for \" leadership in the development, launching and stewardship of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. H\"'\n\nIn 2007, Tingle received the British Columbia Biotechnology Award in the category of Leadership. LifeSciences BC credits Tingle, the president and CEO of the provincially mandated Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (from 2001 to 2008\\), for having \"an unprecedented impact\" on strengthening publicly funded research, in British Columbia.\"''\n\n### Aubrey J. Tingle Prize\n\nThe Aubrey J. Tingle Prize was created to honour the important role Tingle played as founding president and CEO of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research from 2001 until his retirement in June 2008\\. The prize is given to a British Columbia clinician scientist or scholar practitioner whose work in health research is internationally recognized and has significant impact on advancing clinical or health services and policy research — as well as its uptake — to improve health and the health system in BC and globally.\n\nThe inaugural prize was awarded to Dr. [Julio Montaner](/wiki/Julio_Montaner \"Julio Montaner\") in 2010; subsequent recipients have been [Dr. Michael Hayden](/wiki/Michael_R._Hayden \"Michael R. Hayden\") (2011\\) and [Dr. Bruce McManus](https://web.archive.org/web/20130204235653/http://www.hli.ubc.ca/research/PIs/McManus.html) (2012\\).\n\n",
"### Awards\n\nThe Paediatric Chairs of Canada (PCC) awarded him the inaugural Paediatric Academic Leadership Clinical Researcher Award. for \" excellence in leadership and innovation in fostering multiple environments that have advanced child and youth health research in Vancouver, the Province of British Columbia, and across Canada.\" \nThe Canadian Federation of Biological Societies (CFBS) Political Advocacy of Science Award was presented to Dr. Tingle in 2004\\.for \" leadership in the development, launching and stewardship of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. H\"'\n\nIn 2007, Tingle received the British Columbia Biotechnology Award in the category of Leadership. LifeSciences BC credits Tingle, the president and CEO of the provincially mandated Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (from 2001 to 2008\\), for having \"an unprecedented impact\" on strengthening publicly funded research, in British Columbia.\"''\n\n",
"### Aubrey J. Tingle Prize\n\nThe Aubrey J. Tingle Prize was created to honour the important role Tingle played as founding president and CEO of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research from 2001 until his retirement in June 2008\\. The prize is given to a British Columbia clinician scientist or scholar practitioner whose work in health research is internationally recognized and has significant impact on advancing clinical or health services and policy research — as well as its uptake — to improve health and the health system in BC and globally.\n\nThe inaugural prize was awarded to Dr. [Julio Montaner](/wiki/Julio_Montaner \"Julio Montaner\") in 2010; subsequent recipients have been [Dr. Michael Hayden](/wiki/Michael_R._Hayden \"Michael R. Hayden\") (2011\\) and [Dr. Bruce McManus](https://web.archive.org/web/20130204235653/http://www.hli.ubc.ca/research/PIs/McManus.html) (2012\\).\n\n",
"Current activities\n------------------\n\n* Chair, Board of Directors, Maternal Infant Child and Youth Research Network\n* Member, Board of Directors, Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions\n* Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, C.H.I.L.D Foundation \n* Member, Board of Directors, Canadian Human Immunology Network [http://www.schulich.uwo.ca/cihr\\-human\\-immunology\\-network/publications/files/Linked/chinfinalbrochure.pdf?dl\\=1](http://www.schulich.uwo.ca/cihr-human-immunology-network/publications/files/Linked/chinfinalbrochure.pdf?dl=1)\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Canadian pediatricians](/wiki/Category:Canadian_pediatricians \"Canadian pediatricians\")\n[Category:Members of the Order of British Columbia](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Order_of_British_Columbia \"Members of the Order of British Columbia\")\n[Category:Academic staff of the University of British Columbia](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_University_of_British_Columbia \"Academic staff of the University of British Columbia\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Canadian physicians](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Canadian_physicians \"20th-century Canadian physicians\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Canadian physicians](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Canadian_physicians \"21st-century Canadian physicians\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Canadian women physicians](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Canadian_women_physicians \"21st-century Canadian women physicians\")\n[Category:McGill University alumni](/wiki/Category:McGill_University_alumni \"McGill University alumni\")\n[Category:University of Alberta alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Alberta_alumni \"University of Alberta alumni\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Alexander Frederick Harris
|
{
"id": [
3492060
],
"name": [
"Natg 19"
]
}
|
8ksy44r1zno12v799nu76xcl34zw8t7
|
2024-03-26T02:05:20Z
| 1,182,526,052 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Alexander Frederick Harris",
"Biography",
"Claims investigated",
"Footnotes"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"**Alexander Frederick Harris** (1897–1974\\) was a Welsh [spiritualist](/wiki/Spiritualism_%28movement%29 \"Spiritualism (movement)\") and [medium](/wiki/Mediumship \"Mediumship\").\n\n",
"Biography\n---------\n\nHarris was born in [Treherbert, Wales](/wiki/Treherbert \"Treherbert\"). As a young man he joined the army as the [First World War](/wiki/First_World_War \"First World War\") (1914–18\\) began. He married in 1928 and, in the 1930s, was introduced to spiritualism. Despite being initially skeptical about spiritualism, he attended [séances](/wiki/S%C3%A9ance \"Séance\") with the medium [Helen Duncan](/wiki/Helen_Duncan \"Helen Duncan\") which he was convinced were genuine. After attending other séances he became a medium himself and claimed the ability to materialise [spirit guides](/wiki/Spirit_guide \"Spirit guide\"). Harris only worked in dark conditions with a cabinet in a curtained\\-off alcove from his audience where the spirits were reported to emerge.\n\nIn the 1940s it was stated by spiritualists that he could materialize as many as 15 to 30 spirits in a single séance. He later moved to [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa \"South Africa\") to resume a career as a medium. He conducted séances until his death in 1974\\. He died on 12 February 1974 in [Johannesburg](/wiki/Johannesburg \"Johannesburg\"). His wife, Louie Harris, wrote a biography of him after his death.\n\n",
"Claims investigated\n-------------------\n\nIn January 1955, [Tony Cornell](/wiki/Tony_Cornell \"Tony Cornell\") attended a séance to investigate the [mediumship](/wiki/Mediumship \"Mediumship\") of Harris. In the séance, Harris sat behind a curtain cabinet and in total eleven \"spirit\" figures came out from behind the curtain at different times dressed in different [clothing](/wiki/Clothing \"Clothing\"). They walked around the room and communicated with the sitters, and then disappeared behind the curtain. The room was in complete darkness apart from some dim light in the middle of the room.\n\nCornell noted that all the figures had a similar stature, they dressed similarly but used different [masks](/wiki/Mask \"Mask\") and hats. Only one figure came out from the curtain at a time and always minutes after the previous one. According to the sitters who had touched the figures, their skin felt coarse and rough even though some were supposed to be female. Cornell wrote that a stomach rumble, [nicotine](/wiki/Nicotine \"Nicotine\")\\-smelling [breath](/wiki/Breathing \"Breathing\") and a [pulse](/wiki/Pulse \"Pulse\") gave away the fact that all the figures were in fact Harris and that he had dressed up as each one behind the cabinet. The cabinet was not examined before or after the sitting and Harris refused to be searched before or after the sitting.\n\nThe spirit figures were also reported to creak and move floorboards as they walked on them, indicating that they were human.\n\n",
"Footnotes\n---------\n\n \n\n[Category:1897 births](/wiki/Category:1897_births \"1897 births\")\n[Category:1974 deaths](/wiki/Category:1974_deaths \"1974 deaths\")\n[Category:People from Treherbert](/wiki/Category:People_from_Treherbert \"People from Treherbert\")\n[Category:Welsh spiritual mediums](/wiki/Category:Welsh_spiritual_mediums \"Welsh spiritual mediums\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Kurt Tucholsky
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"12.33.29.132"
]
}
|
7kjy0yuxvkm7i6fi1gogthsfy4y2h1e
|
2024-09-13T00:46:52Z
| 1,241,379,873 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Youth, school and university",
"First successes as a writer",
"Soldier in World War I",
"Influence in the Weimar Republic",
"Death",
"English editions and books",
"Legacy and honours",
"Notes",
"Further reading",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Kurt Tucholsky** (; 9 January 1890 – 21 December 1935\\) was a German journalist, [satirist](/wiki/Satire \"Satire\"), and writer. He also wrote under the pseudonyms **Kaspar Hauser** (after the [historical figure](/wiki/Kaspar_Hauser \"Kaspar Hauser\")), **Peter Panter**, **Theobald Tiger** and **Ignaz Wrobel**.\n\nA politically engaged journalist and temporary co\\-editor of the weekly magazine *[Die Weltbühne](/wiki/Die_Weltb%C3%BChne \"Die Weltbühne\")*, he was simultaneously a satirist, an author of satirical political revues, a songwriter, and a poet. He saw himself as a left\\-wing democrat and pacifist and warned against anti\\-democratic tendencies — above all in politics and the military — and the threat of [Nazism](/wiki/Nazism \"Nazism\"). His fears were confirmed when the [Nazis came to power](/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_rise_to_power \"Adolf Hitler's rise to power\") in January 1933\\. In May of that year he was among the authors whose works were [banned](/wiki/Censorship \"Censorship\") as \"[un\\-German](/wiki/Degenerate_art \"Degenerate art\")\"\"[German Book Dealers Ban Works of 12 Noted Authors](https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E07E4DE1F39EF32A25754C1A9639C946294D6CF&legacy=true)\" (article preview only; subscription required). *New York Times*. 17 May 1933\\. Retrieved 22 May 2017\\. \n\"A blacklist of twelve 'un\\-German' authors whose works are to be barred from the German book trade has been compiled by the German Bookdealers' Association and the Militant League of German Culture.\" Kurt Tucholsky is among the 12 authors named in the article, and his four pen names are also noted. and [burned](/wiki/Nazi_book_burnings \"Nazi book burnings\"); he was also among the first authors and intellectuals whose German citizenship was revoked.Freeman, Thomas (1997\\). \"1914\\. Kurt Tucholsky withdraws from the Jewish community\", in Sander L. Gilman and Jack Zipes (Eds.), *Yale Companion to Jewish Writing and Thought in German Culture, 1096–1996*. New Haven: Yale University Press. . pp. 327–335; here: p. 332\\. \"\\[Carl Ossietzky and Kurt Tucholsky] were both among the first writers and intellectuals whose books were burned and whose citizenship was revoked.\"\"[8\\.6\\.1935 \\[8 June 1935]: German writers stripped of their citizenship](http://www.today-in-history.de/index.php?what=thmanu&manu_id=1481&tag=8&monat=6&year=2016&dayisset=1&lang=en)\". *Today in History*. [Deutsche Welle](/wiki/Deutsche_Welle \"Deutsche Welle\"). Retrieved 23 May 2017\\.\n\nAccording to Istvan Deak, Tucholsky was Weimar Germany's most controversial political and cultural commentator. He published over 2,000 essays, manifestos, poems, critiques, aphorisms, and stories. \nIn his writings he hit hard at his main enemies in Germany, whom he identified as haughty aristocrats, bellicose army officers, brutal policemen, reactionary judges, anti\\-republican officials, hypocritical clergymen, tyrannical professors, dueling fraternity students, ruthless capitalists, philistine burghers, opportunistic Jewish businessmen, fascistic petty\\-bourgeois, Nazis, even peasants, whom he considered generally dumb and conservative….He is admired as an unsurpassed master of satire, of the short character sketch, and of the Berlin jargon. Istvan Deak, \"Tucholsky, Karl,\" in Dieter K. Buse and Juergen Doerr, eds. *Modern Germany: An Encyclopedia of History, People, and Culture 1871–1990* (1998\\) 2: 1016\\. \n\nHis literary works were translated into English, including the 1912 *[Rheinsberg](/wiki/Rheinsberg_%28story%29 \"Rheinsberg (story)\"): Ein Bilderbuch für Verliebte*, translated as *Rheinsberg: A Storybook for Lovers*; and the 1931 *[Schloss Gripsholm](/wiki/Schloss_Gripsholm \"Schloss Gripsholm\"): Eine Sommergeschichte*, translated as *Castle Gripsholm: A Summer Story*.\n\n",
"Youth, school and university\n----------------------------\n\n[thumb\\|Kurt Tucholsky (right), 14 years old with his siblings Ellen and Fritz (1904\\)](/wiki/Image:Ellen_Fritz_und_Kurt_Tucholsky_1904.jpg \"Ellen Fritz und Kurt Tucholsky 1904.jpg\")\n[thumb\\|Tenement house in Szczecin, where Kurt Tucholsky lived in his early childhood](/wiki/Image:Grunwaldzki_Square_in_Szczecin%2C_2018_%285%29.jpg \"Grunwaldzki Square in Szczecin, 2018 (5).jpg\")\nKurt Tucholsky was born in a [German Jewish](/wiki/German_Jewish \"German Jewish\") family. His parents' house, where he was born on 9 January 1890, was at 13 Lübecker Straße in [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin \"Berlin\")\\-[Moabit](/wiki/Moabit \"Moabit\"). However, he spent his early childhood in [Stettin](/wiki/Stettin \"Stettin\") (now in Poland), where his father had been transferred for work reasons. Alex Tucholsky had married his cousin Doris Tucholski in 1887 and had three children with her: Kurt, their oldest son, Fritz and Ellen. Tucholsky's relationship with his mother was strained throughout his life; he had a more harmonious relationship with his father, who, however, died in 1905, during Kurt's youth.Freeman (1997\\), p. 327–328\\. Alex Tucholsky left a considerable fortune to his wife and children, which enabled his oldest son to go to university without any financial worries.\n\nIn 1899, upon his family's return to Berlin, Kurt Tucholsky attended the French Grammar School ([Französisches Gymnasium Berlin](/wiki/Franz%C3%B6sisches_Gymnasium_Berlin \"Französisches Gymnasium Berlin\")).Freeman (1997\\), p. 327\\. In 1903 he transferred to the Königliche Wilhelms\\-Gymnasium; he failed out of gymnasium in 1907 and subsequently prepared for his [Abitur](/wiki/Abitur \"Abitur\") with the help of a private tutor. After taking his Abitur examinations in 1909, he began studying law in Berlin in October of the same year, then spent his second semester in [Geneva](/wiki/University_of_Geneva \"University of Geneva\") at the start of 1910\\.\n\nWhen he was at university, Tucholsky's main interest was literature. Thus he travelled to [Prague](/wiki/Prague \"Prague\") in September 1911 with his friend [Kurt Szafranski](/wiki/Kurt_Szafranski \"Kurt Szafranski\") to surprise his favorite author, [Max Brod](/wiki/Max_Brod \"Max Brod\"), with a visit and a model landscape that he had made himself. Brod introduced Tucholsky to his friend and fellow author [Franz Kafka](/wiki/Franz_Kafka \"Franz Kafka\"),Freeman (1997\\), p. 328\\. who afterwards wrote in his diary about Tucholsky:\n\n> a wholly consistent person of 21\\. From the controlled and powerful swing of his walking stick which gives a youthful lift to his shoulders to the deliberate delight in and contempt for his own literary works. Wants to be a criminal defence lawyer.\n\nYet, despite his later doctorate, Tucholsky never followed a legal career: his inclination towards literature and journalism was stronger.\n\n",
"First successes as a writer\n---------------------------\n\nWhile he was still at school, Tucholsky had already written his first articles as a journalist. In 1907 the weekly [satirical](/wiki/Satire \"Satire\") magazine *[Ulk](/wiki/Ulk \"Ulk\")* (\"Prank\") published the short text *Märchen* (\"Fairy Tale\"), in which the 17\\-year\\-old Tucholsky made fun of [Kaiser Wilhelm II](/wiki/Wilhelm_II_of_Germany \"Wilhelm II of Germany\")'s cultural tastes.Knust, Herbert (1987\\). \"Kurt Tucholsky (9 January 1890\\-21 December 1935\\)\". *German Fiction Writers, 1914–1945*; *Dictionary of Literary Biography*, Vol. 56\\. Detroit: Gale. . pp. 264–277; here: p. 266\\. At university he worked more intensively as a journalist, among other things working for the [social democratic](/wiki/Social_democracy \"Social democracy\") party organs *[Vorwärts](/wiki/Vorw%C3%A4rts \"Vorwärts\")* (\"onwards\") and *[Der Wahre Jacob](/wiki/Der_Wahre_Jacob_%28magazine%29 \"Der Wahre Jacob (magazine)\")*. He involved himself in the [SPD](/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany \"Social Democratic Party of Germany\")'s election campaign in 1911\\.\n\nWith *[Rheinsberg – ein Bilderbuch für Verliebte](/wiki/Rheinsberg_%28story%29 \"Rheinsberg (story)\")* (\"*Rheinsberg – a Picture Book for Lovers*\") in 1912, Tucholsky published a tale in which he adopted a fresh and playful tone (which was unusual for that time) and which made him known to a wider audience for the first time. To support the sales of the book, Tucholsky and Szafranski, who had illustrated the tale, opened a \"Book Bar\" on [Kurfürstendamm](/wiki/Kurf%C3%BCrstendamm \"Kurfürstendamm\") in Berlin: anyone who bought a copy of his book also received a free glass of [schnapps](/wiki/Schnapps \"Schnapps\") (this student prank came to an end after a few weeks).\n\nIn January 1913 Tucholsky began an enduring and productive new phase of his journalistic career when he published his first article in the weekly theatre magazine *Die Schaubühne* (later called *[Die Weltbühne](/wiki/Die_Weltb%C3%BChne \"Die Weltbühne\")*).Illies, Florian (2013\\). *[1913: The Year Before the Storm](https://books.google.com/books?id=XypAmsur_5wC&pg=PA51)*. Translated from the German by Shaun Whiteside and Jamie Lee Searle. London: The Clerkenwell Press. . p. 51\\. The owner of the magazine, the publicist [Siegfried Jacobsohn](/wiki/Siegfried_Jacobsohn \"Siegfried Jacobsohn\"), became Tucholsky's friend and mentor, offering him both encouragement and criticism, sometimes co\\-writing articles with him, and gradually inviting him to assume some editorial responsibility for *Die Schaubühne*; under Tucholsky's influence the focus of the journal shifted toward political concerns, and in 1918 it was renamed *Die Weltbühne: Zeitschrift für Politik/Kunst/Wirtschaft* (\"The World Stage: Magazine for Politics/Art/Economics). Tucholsky reflected on the significance of his relationship with Jacobsohn in a \"Vita\" (biography) that he wrote in Sweden two years before his death: \"Tucholsky owes to the publisher of the paper, Siegfried Jacobsohn, who died in the year 1926, everything he has become.\"Tucholsky, Kurt, \"[Eigenhändige Vita Tucholsky: Für den Einbürgerungsantrag zur Erlangung der schwedischen Staatsbürgerschaft](https://books.google.com/books?id=F6WzDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11)\". In: *Kurt Tucholsky – Gesammelte Werke – Prosa, Reportagen, Gedichte*. 2nd ed. Neuss: Null Papier Verlag, 2016\\. p. 8–12; here: p. 11\\. According to the subtitle of the published piece, Tucholsky wrote it as part of his application for Swedish citizenship.\n\n",
"Soldier in World War I\n----------------------\n\nThe beginning of Tucholsky's journalistic career was interrupted by the outbreak of [World War I](/wiki/World_War_I \"World War I\") – for over two years, no articles by Tucholsky were published. He finished his studies at the [University of Jena](/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller_University_of_Jena \"Friedrich Schiller University of Jena\") in Thuringia where he received his doctorate in law (dr. jur.) *[cum laude](/wiki/Latin_honors \"Latin honors\")* with a work on [mortgage law](/wiki/Mortgage_law \"Mortgage law\") at the beginning of 1915\\. By April of that year he had already been conscriptedZohn, 2017\\. and sent to the [Eastern Front](/wiki/Eastern_Front_%28World_War_I%29 \"Eastern Front (World War I)\"). There he experienced positional warfare and served as a munitions soldier and then as company writer. From November 1916 onwards he published the field newspaper *Der Flieger*. In the administration of the Artillery and Pilot Academy in Alt\\-Autz in [Courland](/wiki/Courland \"Courland\") he got to know Mary Gerold who was later to become his wife. Tucholsky saw the posts as writer and field\\-newspaper editor as good opportunities to avoid serving in the trenches. Looking back he wrote:\n\n> For three and a half years I dodged the war as much as I could – and I regret not having had the courage shown by the great [Karl Liebknecht](/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht \"Karl Liebknecht\") to say No and refuse to serve in the military. Of this I am ashamed. I used many means not to get shot and not to shoot – not once the worst means. But I would have used all means, all without exception, had I been forced to do so: I wouldn't have said no to bribery or any other punishable acts. Many did just the same.Quoted in Ignaz Wrobel, *Wo waren Sie im Kriege, Herr –?* (*Where were you in the war, Mister –?*) in *Die Weltbühne*, March 30, 1926, p. 490\\.\n\nThese means, in part, did not lack a certain comic effect as emerges in a letter to Mary Gerold:\n\n> One day for the march I received this heavy old gun. A gun? And during a war? Never, I thought to myself. And leaned it against a hut. And walked away. But that stood out even in our group at that time. I don't know now how I got away with it, but somehow it worked. And so I got by unarmed.Tucholsky, Kurt. *Unser ungelebtes Leben. Briefe an Mary* (*Our Unlived Life. Letters to Mary*). Reinbek, 1982\\. p. 247\\.\n\nHis encounter with the [jurist](/wiki/Jurist \"Jurist\") [Erich Danehl](/wiki/Erich_Danehl \"Erich Danehl\") eventually led to his being transferred to [Romania](/wiki/Romania \"Romania\") in 1918 as a deputy [sergeant](/wiki/Sergeant \"Sergeant\") and field police [inspector](/wiki/Inspector \"Inspector\"). (Tucholsky's friend Danehl later appeared as \"Karlchen\" in a number of texts, for example in *Wirtshaus im Spessart*.) In [Turnu Severin](/wiki/Drobeta-Turnu_Severin \"Drobeta-Turnu Severin\") in Romania, Tucholsky had himself [baptized](/wiki/Baptism \"Baptism\") as a [Protestant](/wiki/Protestant \"Protestant\") in the summer of 1918\\. He had already left the Jewish community on 1 July 1914\\.\n\nAlthough Tucholsky still took part in a contest for the 9th [war bond](/wiki/War_bond \"War bond\") (*Kriegsanleihe*) in August 1918, he returned from the war in the autumn of 1918 as a convinced [anti\\-militarist](/wiki/Antimilitarism \"Antimilitarism\") and [pacifist](/wiki/Pacifism \"Pacifism\"). In a 1931 text, he wrote *[Soldaten sind Mörder](/wiki/Soldaten_sind_M%C3%B6rder \"Soldaten sind Mörder\")* (\"soldiers are murderers\"), which subsequently led to numerous judicial proceedings in Germany.\n\nIn December 1918, Tucholsky took on the role of editor\\-in\\-chief of *Ulk* which he held until April 1920\\. *Ulk* was the weekly [satirical](/wiki/Satire \"Satire\") supplement of publisher Rudolf Mosse's [left\\-liberal](/wiki/Left-liberal \"Left-liberal\") *[Berliner Tageblatt](/wiki/Berliner_Tageblatt \"Berliner Tageblatt\")*.\n\n",
"Influence in the Weimar Republic\n--------------------------------\n\nIn 1918, Tucholsky became the editor of the satirical magazine *Ulk* and also remained a contributing writer to *Die Schaubühne* (The Theater Stage), which had been renamed *Die Weltbühne* (The World Stage) in 1913\\. The author, who wrote under his own name as well as under four pseudonyms (Theobald Tiger, Peter Panter, Kaspar Hauser, and Ignaz Wrobel) became one of the most famous and influential voices of the [Weimar Republic](/wiki/Weimar_Republic \"Weimar Republic\"), an outspoken satirist, and an opponent of German militarism, the right\\-wing judiciary system and an early warner about the rising National Socialist movement. He spent the years from 1925 to 1928 in Paris but returned to Berlin to briefly become editor of *Die Weltbühne*. His books were among the first to be burned by the Nazi party in 1933\\. At that point, he had already fled to Sweden.\n\n",
"Death\n-----\n\nOn the evening of 20 December 1935 Tucholsky took an overdose of [sleeping tablets](/wiki/Barbiturate \"Barbiturate\") in his house in Hindås. The next day he was found in a coma and taken to hospital in Gothenburg. He died there on the evening of 21 December. Recently, Tucholsky's biographer Michael Hepp has called into doubt the verdict of suicide, saying that he considers it possible that the death was accidental. However, this claim is disputed among Tucholsky researchers.\nKurt Tucholsky was buried in the cemetery of Mariefred (near Gripsholm Castle) at Lake Mälaren. An inscription on his grave reads: *Alles Vergängliche ist nur ein Gleichnis*, a quote from Goethe.\n\n",
"English editions and books\n--------------------------\n\n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Berlin! Berlin! Dispatches from the Weimar Republic*, translated by Cindy Opitz. New York: Berlinica Publishing LLC, 2013\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *[Rheinsberg. A Storybook for Lovers](/wiki/Rheinsberg._A_Storybook_for_Lovers \"Rheinsberg. A Storybook for Lovers\")*, translated by Cindy Opitz. New York: Berlinica Publishing LLC, 2014\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Castle Gripsholm: A Summer Story* translated by [Michael Hofmann](/wiki/Michael_Hofmann \"Michael Hofmann\"), Woodstock, New York: The Overlook Press, 1988\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Deutschland, Deutschland Über Alles: A Picture\\-book by Kurt Tucholsky*, Photos assembled by John Heartfield. Translated from the German by Anne Halley. Afterword and notes by [Harry Zohn](/wiki/Harry_Zohn \"Harry Zohn\"). University of Massachusetts Press, 1972\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Prayer After the Slaughter: Poems and Stories from World War I*, translated by Peter Appelbaum and James Scott. New York: Berlinica Publishing LLC, 2015\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Germany? Germany!: Satirical Writings: the Kurt Tucholsky Reader*, translated by [Harry Zohn](/wiki/Harry_Zohn \"Harry Zohn\"). New York: Berlinica Publishing LLC, 2017\\. \n* Tucholsky, Kurt: *Hereafter: We Were Sitting on a Cloud, Dangling Our Legs*, translated by Cindy Opitz. New York: Berlinica Publishing LLC, 2018\\. \n",
"Legacy and honours\n------------------\n\n[thumb\\|Memorial plaque at his birthplace in [Berlin\\-Moabit](/wiki/Berlin-Moabit \"Berlin-Moabit\") (Lübecker Straße 13\\)](/wiki/Image:Berlin_plaque_K_Tucholsky.jpg \"Berlin plaque K Tucholsky.jpg\")\nIn 1985, the Swedish branch of [PEN International](/wiki/PEN_International \"PEN International\") started awarding the Tucholsky Prize, a 150 000 SEK grant in memory of Kurt Tucholsky, to a persecuted, threatened or exiled writer or publicist.\n\nThe prize has been awarded to the following writers:\n\n| Year | Name | Nation(s) |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1985 | [Adam Zagajewski](/wiki/Adam_Zagajewski \"Adam Zagajewski\") | |\n| 1986 |No prize was awarded\n\n| 1987 | [Don Mattera](/wiki/Don_Mattera \"Don Mattera\") | |\n| 1988 | [Sherko Bekes](/wiki/Sherko_Bekas \"Sherko Bekas\") | , |\n| 1989 | [Augusto Roa Bastos](/wiki/Augusto_Roa_Bastos \"Augusto Roa Bastos\") | |\n| 1990 | [Bei Dao](/wiki/Bei_Dao \"Bei Dao\") | |\n| 1991 | [Nuruddin Farah](/wiki/Nuruddin_Farah \"Nuruddin Farah\") | |\n| 1992 | [Salman Rushdie](/wiki/Salman_Rushdie \"Salman Rushdie\") | |\n| 1993 | [Mirko Kovač](/wiki/Mirko_Kova%C4%8D_%28writer%29 \"Mirko Kovač (writer)\") | |\n| 1994 | [Taslima Nasrin](/wiki/Taslima_Nasrin \"Taslima Nasrin\") | |\n| 1995 | [Shirali Nurmuradov](/wiki/Shirali_Nurmuradov \"Shirali Nurmuradov\") | |\n| 1996 | [Svetlana Alexievich](/wiki/Svetlana_Alexievich \"Svetlana Alexievich\") | |\n| 1997 | [Faraj Sarkohi](/wiki/Faraj_Sarkohi \"Faraj Sarkohi\") | |\n| 1998 | [Vincent P. Magombe](/wiki/Vincent_P._Magombe \"Vincent P. Magombe\") | |\n| 1999 | [Flora Brovina](/wiki/Flora_Brovina \"Flora Brovina\") | |\n| 2000 | [Salim Barakat](/wiki/Salim_Barakat \"Salim Barakat\") | , |\n| 2001 | [Asiye Zeybek Guzel](/wiki/Asiye_Zeybek_Guzel \"Asiye Zeybek Guzel\") | |\n| 2002 | [Rajko Đurić](/wiki/Rajko_%C4%90uri%C4%87 \"Rajko Đurić\") | , |\n| 2003 | [Jun Feng](/wiki/Jun_Feng \"Jun Feng\") | |\n| 2004 | [Yvonne Vera](/wiki/Yvonne_Vera \"Yvonne Vera\") | |\n| 2005 | [Samir El\\-Youssef](/wiki/Samir_El-Youssef \"Samir El-Youssef\") | |\n| 2006 | [Nasser Zarafshan](/wiki/Nasser_Zarafshan \"Nasser Zarafshan\") | |\n| 2007 | [Faraj Bayrakdar](/wiki/Faraj_Bayrakdar \"Faraj Bayrakdar\") | |\n| 2008 | [Lydia Cacho](/wiki/Lydia_Cacho \"Lydia Cacho\") | |\n| 2009 | [Dawit Isaak](/wiki/Dawit_Isaak \"Dawit Isaak\") | |\n| 2010 | [Abdul Samay Hamed](/wiki/Abdul_Samay_Hamed \"Abdul Samay Hamed\") | |\n| 2011 | [Uladzimir Nyaklyayew](/wiki/Uladzimir_Nyaklyayew \"Uladzimir Nyaklyayew\") | |\n| 2012 | [Samar Yazbek](/wiki/Samar_Yazbek \"Samar Yazbek\") | |\n| 2013 | [Masha Gessen](/wiki/Masha_Gessen \"Masha Gessen\") | |\n| 2014 | [Muharrem Erbey](/wiki/Muharrem_Erbey \"Muharrem Erbey\") | , |\n| 2015 | [Arkady Babchenko](/wiki/Arkady_Babchenko \"Arkady Babchenko\") | |\n| 2016 | [Aslı Erdoğan](/wiki/Asl%C4%B1_Erdo%C4%9Fan \"Aslı Erdoğan\") | |\n| 2017 | [Yassin al\\-Haj Saleh](/wiki/Yassin_al-Haj_Saleh \"Yassin al-Haj Saleh\") | |\n| 2018 | [Nasrin Sotoudeh](/wiki/Nasrin_Sotoudeh \"Nasrin Sotoudeh\")[https://iranintl.com/en/world/nasrin\\-sotoudeh\\-wins\\-2018\\-kurt\\-tucholsky\\-pen\\-award](https://iranintl.com/en/world/nasrin-sotoudeh-wins-2018-kurt-tucholsky-pen-award) | |\n| 2019 | [Gui Minhai](/wiki/Gui_Minhai \"Gui Minhai\") | , |\n\n* There is also a German [Kurt Tucholsky Prize](/wiki/Kurt-Tucholsky-Preis \"Kurt-Tucholsky-Preis\") of €3,000 that is awarded every two years since 1995 by the Kurt Tucholsky Foundation for \"committed and succinct literary works\".\n* Kurt Tucholsky is portrayed in the political/historical comic series *Berlin* by Jason Lutes.\n* [12401 Tucholsky](/wiki/12401_Tucholsky \"12401 Tucholsky\"), asteroid.\n* Tucholskystraße in [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin \"Berlin\")\\-[Mitte](/wiki/Mitte \"Mitte\") is named after Kurt Tucholsky.\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\n* Baumann, Franz. \"[Fabulous, Tragic Kurt Tucholsky](https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/fabulous-tragic-kurt-tucholsky/#!)\". In *The Los Angeles Review of Books*, 19 August 2017\\.\n* Freeman, Thomas (1997\\). \"1914\\. Kurt Tucholsky withdraws from the Jewish community\", in [Sander L. Gilman](/wiki/Sander_L._Gilman \"Sander L. Gilman\") and Jack Zipes (eds.), *Yale Companion to Jewish Writing and Thought in German Culture, 1096–1996*. New Haven: Yale University Press. . pp. 327–335\\.\n* Grenville, Bryan P.: *Kurt Tucholsky: The Ironic Sentimentalist.* London: Oswald Wolff, London 1981\\. \n* Grimes, William. \"[Giving a Satirist of the Third Reich the Last Laugh\"](https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/07/books/giving-a-satirist-of-the-third-reich-the-last-laugh.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&_r=2) *The New York Times*, 6 June 2014\\.\n* Hierholzer, Michael: *Kurt Tucholsky, 1890–1935: Aspekte seiner Person und seines Werkes (English: Kurt Tucholsky 1890–1935: aspects of the man and his works)*. Inter Nationes, Bonn 1990\\.\n* Knust, Herbert (1987\\). \"Kurt Tucholsky (9 January 1890\\-21 December 1935\\)\". *German Fiction Writers, 1914–1945*; *Dictionary of Literary Biography*, Vol. 56\\. Detroit: Gale. . pp. 264–277\\.\n* [Merriman, John](/wiki/John_M._Merriman \"John M. Merriman\"), and Jay Winter (Eds.). \"Kurt Tucholsky\", in *Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction*. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006\\. Available online \\[[http://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias\\-almanacs\\-transcripts\\-and\\-maps/tucholsky\\-kurt\\-1890\\-1935](http://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/tucholsky-kurt-1890-1935) via *Encyclopedia.com]*.\n* Poor, Harold L.: *Kurt Tucholsky and the Ordeal of Germany, 1914–1935\\.* Charles Scribner's Sons, New York 1968\\. \n* *An early version of this article was based, in part, on the [corresponding article](/wiki/Kurt_Tucholsky \"Kurt Tucholsky\") in the German Wikipedia, retrieved 24 April 2005\\.*\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [tucholsky\\-gesellschaft.de](http://www.tucholsky-gesellschaft.de/)\n* \"[Kurt Tucholsky](https://web.archive.org/web/20120204043738/http://german.about.com/library/bltucholsky.htm)\" (biography). *German Language: Authors*. About.com. Archived from the [original](http://german.about.com/library/bltucholsky.htm) on 4 February 2012\\.\n* [Kurt Tucholsky](http://kurttucholsky.blogspot.com) blogspot.com (English translations of Tucholsky)\n[Category:1890 births](/wiki/Category:1890_births \"1890 births\")\n[Category:1935 suicides](/wiki/Category:1935_suicides \"1935 suicides\")\n[Category:1935 deaths](/wiki/Category:1935_deaths \"1935 deaths\")\n[Category:Writers from Berlin](/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Berlin \"Writers from Berlin\")\n[Category:German Jewish military personnel of World War I](/wiki/Category:German_Jewish_military_personnel_of_World_War_I \"German Jewish military personnel of World War I\")\n[Category:Independent Social Democratic Party politicians](/wiki/Category:Independent_Social_Democratic_Party_politicians \"Independent Social Democratic Party politicians\")\n[Category:Jewish anti\\-fascists](/wiki/Category:Jewish_anti-fascists \"Jewish anti-fascists\")\n[Category:Jewish socialists](/wiki/Category:Jewish_socialists \"Jewish socialists\")\n[Category:Jewish writers](/wiki/Category:Jewish_writers \"Jewish writers\")\n[Category:German male journalists](/wiki/Category:German_male_journalists \"German male journalists\")\n[Category:20th\\-century German journalists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_German_journalists \"20th-century German journalists\")\n[Category:German Peace Society members](/wiki/Category:German_Peace_Society_members \"German Peace Society members\")\n[Category:German expatriates in Sweden](/wiki/Category:German_expatriates_in_Sweden \"German expatriates in Sweden\")\n[Category:Drug\\-related suicides in Sweden](/wiki/Category:Drug-related_suicides_in_Sweden \"Drug-related suicides in Sweden\")\n[Category:Barbiturates\\-related deaths](/wiki/Category:Barbiturates-related_deaths \"Barbiturates-related deaths\")\n[Category:Französisches Gymnasium Berlin alumni](/wiki/Category:Franz%C3%B6sisches_Gymnasium_Berlin_alumni \"Französisches Gymnasium Berlin alumni\")\n[Category:German male writers](/wiki/Category:German_male_writers \"German male writers\")\n[Category:Converts to Protestantism from Judaism](/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Protestantism_from_Judaism \"Converts to Protestantism from Judaism\")\n[Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Sweden](/wiki/Category:Jewish_emigrants_from_Nazi_Germany_to_Sweden \"Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Sweden\")\n[Category:Berliner Tageblatt people](/wiki/Category:Berliner_Tageblatt_people \"Berliner Tageblatt people\")\n[Category:Vossische Zeitung people](/wiki/Category:Vossische_Zeitung_people \"Vossische Zeitung people\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Badda Alatunnessa Higher Secondary School
|
{
"id": [
7329773
],
"name": [
"Worldbruce"
]
}
|
sijcfpf5g1s78lmnkpx6une2s9lq501
|
2024-06-08T18:33:13Z
| 1,224,343,298 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Badda Alatunnesa Higher Secondary School** is an educational institution in [South Badda](/wiki/Badda_Thana \"Badda Thana\"), [Dhaka](/wiki/Dhaka \"Dhaka\") [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh \"Bangladesh\"). Alhaj Nur Mia established this institution in the name of his mother. At present about 6000 students are enrolled.. This institute's [EIIN number](/wiki/Educational_Institute_Identification_Number \"Educational Institute Identification Number\") is 107841\\. It offers classes up to higher secondary level.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Educational institutions established in 1963](/wiki/Category:Educational_institutions_established_in_1963 \"Educational institutions established in 1963\")\n[Category:High schools in Bangladesh](/wiki/Category:High_schools_in_Bangladesh \"High schools in Bangladesh\")\n[Category:Private schools in Bangladesh](/wiki/Category:Private_schools_in_Bangladesh \"Private schools in Bangladesh\")\n[Category:Schools in Dhaka District](/wiki/Category:Schools_in_Dhaka_District \"Schools in Dhaka District\")\n[Category:1963 establishments in East Pakistan](/wiki/Category:1963_establishments_in_East_Pakistan \"1963 establishments in East Pakistan\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Samoa Air
|
{
"id": [
15454521
],
"name": [
"Enplaned"
]
}
|
tjdnfmx7c3g7g8mal7opa09wwl0w1lf
|
2024-07-27T04:10:36Z
| 1,184,745,081 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Incidents",
"Pay by weight",
"Fleet",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Samoa Air** was a small airline from [Samoa](/wiki/Samoa \"Samoa\") that operated scheduled flights between the domestic islands as well as to [American Samoa](/wiki/American_Samoa \"American Samoa\"). It also provided charter flights and medical transfer flights. The airline appears to have become dormant in 2015; its website is blank and its Facebook page is no longer updated.\n\n",
"Incidents\n---------\n\nOn 21 June 2012, a Samoa Air aircraft almost collided with a [Polynesian Airlines](/wiki/Polynesian_Airlines \"Polynesian Airlines\") aircraft near [Fagali'i](/wiki/Fagali%27i \"Fagali'i\"). Both aircraft were on the same flight path. Civil Aviation issued a stern warning to Samoa Air for failing to follow standard operating procedures. Samoa Air's CEO, Chris Langton, disputed the outcome of the investigation.\n\n",
"Pay by weight\n-------------\n\nSamoa Air gained global press coverage by becoming the first airline in the world to charge customers by body weight plus luggage.\n\nThe fare is calculated by multiplying a base fare (depending on the route flown) by the total weight of the passenger plus their luggage. So a passenger flying from [Apia](/wiki/Faleolo_International_Airport \"Faleolo International Airport\") to [Asau](/wiki/Asau_Airport \"Asau Airport\") weighing and carrying of luggage would pay US$132 for the flight (100 kg x US$1\\.32 base fare), while another passenger weighing and traveling without luggage would pay US$79\\.20 (60 kg x US$1\\.32 base fare) for the same flight. Children are charged in the same way at a 75% rate.\n\n",
"Fleet\n-----\n\n| \\+ **Samoa Air Fleet** |\n| --- |\n| Aircraft | Total | Orders | Passengers |\n| [Britten\\-Norman Islander](/wiki/Britten-Norman_Islander \"Britten-Norman Islander\") | 0 \\- Decommissioned | — | 9 |\n| [Cessna 172](/wiki/Cessna_172 \"Cessna 172\") | 2 | — | 3 |\n| **Total** | 2 | — | |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Samoa Air](http://www.samoaair.ws)\n\n[Category:Airlines of Samoa](/wiki/Category:Airlines_of_Samoa \"Airlines of Samoa\")\n[Category:Defunct airlines of Oceania](/wiki/Category:Defunct_airlines_of_Oceania \"Defunct airlines of Oceania\")\n[Category:Airlines established in 2012](/wiki/Category:Airlines_established_in_2012 \"Airlines established in 2012\")\n[Category:2012 establishments in Samoa](/wiki/Category:2012_establishments_in_Samoa \"2012 establishments in Samoa\")\n[Category:Airlines disestablished in 2015](/wiki/Category:Airlines_disestablished_in_2015 \"Airlines disestablished in 2015\")\n[Category:2015 disestablishments in Oceania](/wiki/Category:2015_disestablishments_in_Oceania \"2015 disestablishments in Oceania\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Stigma (luchador)
|
{
"id": [
3138265
],
"name": [
"WOSlinker"
]
}
|
o8ltbakwbysedvkafqmzyrwkrik5pl1
|
2024-08-17T08:34:01Z
| 1,233,511,802 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Personal life",
"Professional wrestling career",
"''Luchas de Apuestas'' record",
"Footnotes",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Stigma** is a Mexican *[luchador](/wiki/Lucha_libre \"Lucha libre\") [enmascarado](/wiki/Wrestling_mask \"Wrestling mask\")*, or masked [professional wrestler](/wiki/Professional_wrestling \"Professional wrestling\") currently working for the Mexican [professional wrestling promotion](/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion \"Professional wrestling promotion\") [Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre](/wiki/Consejo_Mundial_de_Lucha_Libre \"Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre\") (CMLL) portraying a *[tecnico](/wiki/Face_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Face (professional wrestling)\")* (\"Good guy\") wrestling character. Stigma's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. While his real name is not public knowledge it has been confirmed that he is the brother of CMLL wrestler [Skándalo](/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ndalo \"Skándalo\"), son of former wrestler El Jabato and grandson of Manuel Robles, making him a third\\-generation wrestler.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nStigma is the son of Benjamin Mar who used to wrestle under the [ring name](/wiki/Ring_name \"Ring name\") El Jabato. His uncle Panico (Juan Manuel Mar) is part of [Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre](/wiki/Consejo_Mundial_de_Lucha_Libre \"Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre\")'s (CMLL) [booking team](/wiki/Glossary_of_professional_wrestling_terms%23Book \"Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Book\") and thus is one of the men that plan the matches and storylines of the [promotion](/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion \"Professional wrestling promotion\"). He is the brother of [Skándalo](/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ndalo \"Skándalo\") who works for CMLL as well but as a *[rudo](/wiki/Heel_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Heel (professional wrestling)\")* (\"Bad guy\" character) while Stigma is a *[tecnico](/wiki/Face_%28professional_wrestling%29 \"Face (professional wrestling)\")* (\"Good guy\"). He is a third\\-generation wrestler as both his paternal and maternal grandfathers, Manuel Robles and Raul Reyes, were wrestlers as well. His great uncles include wrestlers Huroki Sito, [Sugi Sito](/wiki/Sugi_Sito \"Sugi Sito\") and Panchito Robles, his uncle wrestles as Zapatista while his second cousins [Victor Mar Manuel](/wiki/Victor_Mar_Manuel \"Victor Mar Manuel\") (who worked as Black Cat until his death), Panchito Robles Jr., La Briosa also were or are wrestlers.\n\n",
"Professional wrestling career\n-----------------------------\n\nStigma's official debut date was given as July 26, 2010, but as he is a [masked wrestler](/wiki/Wrestling_mask \"Wrestling mask\") it is possible that he worked as a different ring character before that date. Stigma trained at the [Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre](/wiki/Consejo_Mundial_de_Lucha_Libre \"Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre\") (CMLL) wrestling school in [Puebla, Puebla](/wiki/Puebla%2C_Puebla \"Puebla, Puebla\") and worked primarily in Arena Puebla early on. Initially he made a large number of mistakes during his matches, due to nerves and inexperience, but the mistakes coupled with the fact that the Arena Puebla bookers quickly promoted him up the ranks made the fans critical of him and often booed him during his early career. Stigma stepped back, intensified his training and by 2012 he had become a more skilled, well rounded wrestler who was earning his position in CMLL through his skills. He was one of 16 young wrestlers who participated in the first ever *[Torneo Sangre Nueva](/wiki/Torneo_Sangre_Nueva%23Torneo_Sangre_Nueva_2012 \"Torneo Sangre Nueva#Torneo Sangre Nueva 2012\")* (\"Young Blood Tournament\"), designed specifically to elevate some of these young wrestlers up the ranks. Stigma took part in the Block A *[torneo cibernetico](/wiki/Torneo_cibernetico \"Torneo cibernetico\")* elimination match. Stigma lost to [Cancerbero](/wiki/Cancerbero \"Cancerbero\") in a match won by [Dragon Lee](/wiki/M%C3%ADstico_II \"Místico II\"). In the months following the *Sangre Nueva* tournament Stigma became involved in a \"Puebla vs. *Los Coliseinos*\" (wrestlers who came from [Arena Coliseo](/wiki/Arena_Coliseo \"Arena Coliseo\") in Mexico City), defending his home town of Puebla against the \"Outsiders\". The feud led to a 12\\-man *torneo cibernetico **where \"Team Puebla\" (Stigma, Asturiano, Espiritu Maligno, Karissma, Lestat and Milenium) defeated \"Team Coliseinos\" (Dragon Lee, [Hombre Bala Jr.](/wiki/Hombre_Bala_Jr. \"Hombre Bala Jr.\"), [Pegasso](/wiki/Pegasso \"Pegasso\"), [Puma King](/wiki/Puma_King \"Puma King\"), Skándalo and [Súper Comando](/wiki/Los_Hombres_del_Camoflaje \"Los Hombres del Camoflaje\")). The following week all 12 competitors risked either their mask or hair as they participated in a *[Lucha de Apuesta](/wiki/Lucha_libre%23Luchas_de_Apuestas \"Lucha libre#Luchas de Apuestas\")* (\"Bet match\") [Steel cage match](/wiki/Steel_cage_match \"Steel cage match\"). Stigma escaped the cage, keeping his mask safe while Puma King defeated Karissma to unmask him. Stigma made his *[Super Viernes](/wiki/CMLL_Super_Viernes \"CMLL Super Viernes\")* debut on the [October 5, 2012 version](/wiki/CMLL_Super_Viernes_%28October_2012%29%23October_5%2C_2012 \"CMLL Super Viernes (October 2012)#October 5, 2012\"), teaming with [Camaleón](/wiki/Camale%C3%B3n_%28wrestler%29 \"Camaleón (wrestler)\") to defeat *[Los Hombres del Camoflaje](/wiki/Los_Hombres_del_Camoflaje \"Los Hombres del Camoflaje\")* (Artillero and Súper Comando). Working on CMLL's main show was a sign that CMLL had plans to promote Stigma on a national level instead of only locally in Puebla. Stigma participated in the 2013 *[Torneo Sangre Nueva](/wiki/Torneo_Sangre_Nueva%23Torneo_Sangre_Nueva_2013 \"Torneo Sangre Nueva#Torneo Sangre Nueva 2013\")*, but like in 2012 did not make it past the preliminary round as he was eliminated by [Bobby Zavala](/wiki/Bobby_Zavala \"Bobby Zavala\"). In late March, 2013 Stigma was announced as one of the *Novatos*, or rookies, in the 2013 *[Torneo Gran Alternativa](/wiki/Gran_Alternativa_2013 \"Gran Alternativa 2013\")*, or \"Great Alternative tournament\". The *Gran Alternativa* pairs a rookie with an experienced wrestler for a [tag team](/wiki/Tag_team \"Tag team\") tournament. Stigma teamed with veteran [La Mascara](/wiki/La_Mascara_%28wrestler%29 \"La Mascara (wrestler)\"). The two competed in Block A on April 12, 2013 losing to [Taurus](/wiki/Taurus_%28wrestler%29 \"Taurus (wrestler)\") and [Averno](/wiki/Averno_%28wrestler%29 \"Averno (wrestler)\") in the first round. [Alt URL](http://estrellasdelring.blogspot.com/2013/04/mr-aguila-va-por-shocker-y-atlantis-y.html) Stigma defeated Espiritu Maligno for his first Mask vs Mask in July 29, 2013 in Arena Puebla. Stigma defeated Camorra for his Mask vs Mask in December 30, 2013 in Arena Puebla. In Arena Puebla, on July 16, 2014 Stigma unsuccessfully challenged [Virus](/wiki/Virus_%28wrestler%29 \"Virus (wrestler)\") for the [CMLL World Lightweight Championship](/wiki/CMLL_World_Lightweight_Championship \"CMLL World Lightweight Championship\"). In January 2015, Stigma made his [New Japan Pro\\-Wrestling](/wiki/New_Japan_Pro-Wrestling \"New Japan Pro-Wrestling\") (NJPW) debut, when he worked the *[Fantastica Mania 2015](/wiki/Fantastica_Mania_2015 \"Fantastica Mania 2015\")* tour, co\\-produced by CMLL and NJPW. In May, 2015 CMLL Stigma competed in a qualifying match for the [2015 version of En Busca de un Ídolo](/wiki/En_Busca_de_un_%C3%8Ddolo_2015 \"En Busca de un Ídolo 2015\") as one of 16 wrestlers in the qualifying *[torneo cibernetico](/wiki/Torneo_cibernetico \"Torneo cibernetico\")*, elimination match where the last eight wrestlers would qualify for the tournament. He competed against [Akuma](/wiki/Akuma_%28luchador%29 \"Akuma (luchador)\"), [Blue Panther Jr.](/wiki/Blue_Panther_Jr. \"Blue Panther Jr.\"), [Cancerbero](/wiki/Cancerbero \"Cancerbero\"), [Canelo Casas](/wiki/Canelo_Casas \"Canelo Casas\"), [Delta](/wiki/Delta_%28wrestler%29 \"Delta (wrestler)\"), [Disturbio](/wiki/Disturbio \"Disturbio\"), [Esfinge](/wiki/Esfinge \"Esfinge\"), [Flyer](/wiki/Flyer_%28wrestler%29 \"Flyer (wrestler)\"), [El Gallo](/wiki/El_Gallo_%28wrestler%29 \"El Gallo (wrestler)\"), [Guerrero Maya Jr.](/wiki/Guerrero_Maya_Jr. \"Guerrero Maya Jr.\"), [Joker](/wiki/Joker_%28luchador%29 \"Joker (luchador)\"), [Pegasso](/wiki/Pegasso \"Pegasso\"), [Raziel](/wiki/Raziel_%28wrestler%29 \"Raziel (wrestler)\"), [Sagrado](/wiki/Sagrado_%28wrestler%29 \"Sagrado (wrestler)\") and [Boby Zavala](/wiki/Boby_Zavala \"Boby Zavala\"). Stigma pinned Pegasso during the match but ended up being the seventh wrestler eliminated, pinned by Esfinge.***\n\nChampionships and accomplishments\n---------------------------------\n\n[Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre](/wiki/Consejo_Mundial_de_Lucha_Libre \"Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre\")'\n* + - [CMLL World Lightweight Championship](/wiki/CMLL_World_Lightweight_Championship \"CMLL World Lightweight Championship\") ([1 time, current](/wiki/CMLL_World_Lightweight_Championship%23Title_history \"CMLL World Lightweight Championship#Title history\"))\n",
"*Luchas de Apuestas* record\n---------------------------\n\n|Winner (wager)\n\nLoser (wager)\n\nLocation\n\nEvent\n\nDate\n\nNotes\n\n| Stigma (mask) | [Espiritu Maligno](/wiki/Espiritu_Maligno \"Espiritu Maligno\") (mask) | Puebla, Puebla | CMLL show | | |\n| Stigma (mask) | [Camorra](/wiki/Camorra_%28wrestler%29 \"Camorra (wrestler)\") (mask) | Puebla, Puebla | CMLL show | | |\n| Stigma (mask) | Policeman (hair) | Puebla, Puebla | CMLL show | | Last two men in a [steel cage match](/wiki/Steel_cage_match \"Steel cage match\") that also included [Canelo Casas](/wiki/Canelo_Casas \"Canelo Casas\"), [Disturbio](/wiki/Disturbio \"Disturbio\"), Espiritu Maligno, [Fuego](/wiki/Fuego_%28wrestler%29 \"Fuego (wrestler)\"), King Jaguar, [Okumura](/wiki/Shigeo_Okumura \"Shigeo Okumura\"), [Rey Cometa](/wiki/Rey_Cometa \"Rey Cometa\") and [Skándalo](/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ndalo \"Skándalo\"). |\n\n",
"Footnotes\n---------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Masked wrestlers](/wiki/Category:Masked_wrestlers \"Masked wrestlers\")\n[Category:Mexican male professional wrestlers](/wiki/Category:Mexican_male_professional_wrestlers \"Mexican male professional wrestlers\")\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Unidentified wrestlers](/wiki/Category:Unidentified_wrestlers \"Unidentified wrestlers\")\n[Category:21st\\-century male professional wrestlers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_male_professional_wrestlers \"21st-century male professional wrestlers\")\n[Category:CMLL World Lightweight Champions](/wiki/Category:CMLL_World_Lightweight_Champions \"CMLL World Lightweight Champions\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Eldredge Park
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"108.6.118.237"
]
}
|
titu9n427qqlhca1f47ytt6mk2pjmi9
|
2024-09-27T00:43:07Z
| 1,233,000,954 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Eldredge Park** is a [baseball](/wiki/Baseball \"Baseball\") venue in [Orleans, Massachusetts](/wiki/Orleans%2C_Massachusetts \"Orleans, Massachusetts\"), home to the [Orleans Firebirds](/wiki/Orleans_Firebirds \"Orleans Firebirds\") of the [Cape Cod Baseball League](/wiki/Cape_Cod_Baseball_League \"Cape Cod Baseball League\") (CCBL). The [ballpark](/wiki/Ballpark \"Ballpark\") is located adjacent to [Nauset Regional Middle School](/wiki/Nauset_Regional_Middle_School \"Nauset Regional Middle School\") along [Massachusetts Route 28](/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_28 \"Massachusetts Route 28\"). It features the deepest centerfield in the Cape League at 434 feet, a [bandstand](/wiki/Bandstand \"Bandstand\") just beyond the right\\-centerfield fence, and a playground beyond the left\\-centerfield fence. Fans on blankets and beach chairs take in the action from the grassy terraced hillside that runs the entire length of the first base side of the field.\n\nThe oldest park in the Cape League, Eldredge Park opened in 1913, just one year after [Fenway Park](/wiki/Fenway_Park \"Fenway Park\"). The land for the park was donated to the town of Orleans by baseball enthusiast Louis Winslow \"Win\" Eldredge, “in consideration of \\[his] affection for and interest in the young people of Orleans and \\[his] desire to provide a playground for them.” The park quickly became a popular community gathering place. Thanks to the nearby [transatlantic telegraph cable](/wiki/Transatlantic_telegraph_cable \"Transatlantic telegraph cable\") station, fans at Eldredge were among the first Americans to receive the news that [Charles Lindbergh](/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh \"Charles Lindbergh\") had touched down safely in [Paris](/wiki/Paris \"Paris\").Price, Christopher. *Baseball by the Beach*, Hyannis, MA: Parnassus, 1998\\. p.201\n\nThe original configuration of Eldredge Park located home plate in what is today its left\\-field corner. After generations of [batters](/wiki/Batting_%28baseball%29 \"Batting (baseball)\") struggled to hit against the visual backdrop of a setting sun, the configuration was changed in the mid\\-1960s. The newly\\-reconfigured park opened for the 1967 CCBL all\\-star game, a game attended by [Massachusetts](/wiki/Massachusetts \"Massachusetts\") [Governor](/wiki/Governor \"Governor\") [John Volpe](/wiki/John_Volpe \"John Volpe\"), who lauded Eldredge as the finest community field in [New England](/wiki/New_England \"New England\").\n\nAdditional improvements continued to be made to Eldredge, as when lights were added in 1979\\. The hillside was terraced in 1985 and 1986, and has become the preferred vantage point of the home fans. The press box, called the \"Bird's Nest\", originally constructed in 1981, was rebuilt in 2003\\. In 2010\\-2011 a grant from the Yawkey Foundation allowed for other major improvements such as a brick backstop, new dugouts and bullpens, fan\\-protective netting, and new infield turf. In 2019, artist Gwen Marcus' sculpture *The Catch*, which depicts a young ballplayer reaching to catch a baseball, was dedicated and installed on the hill behind home plate.\n\nEldredge Park has been described as \"a [Norman Rockwell](/wiki/Norman_Rockwell \"Norman Rockwell\") painting come to life,\"Parillo, Joe. [*Philadelphia Inquirer*](/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer \"The Philadelphia Inquirer\") report cited in *Cape Cod Baseball League 2002 Official Yearbook* p.25\\. and \"a sylvan setting so transcendently beautiful one's breath is swept away.\"Mitrovich, George. 1998 letter to *Boston Globe* as cited by capecodbaseball.org (*\"Orleans’ Gem of a Ballfield Eldredge Park Receives a Major Facelift\"*). The park has been pictured in *[Sports Illustrated](/wiki/Sports_Illustrated \"Sports Illustrated\")*, and has been ranked by *[Baseball America](/wiki/Baseball_America \"Baseball America\")* as the top summer collegiate ballpark in the nation. A two\\-page photo spread of Eldredge Park by renowned photographer [Joel Meyerowitz](/wiki/Joel_Meyerowitz \"Joel Meyerowitz\") was featured in the photographic essay *Baseball in America*. The image is of a hazy evening at Eldredge Park with sun setting over the bandstand in the distance; in the foreground, fans in beach chairs take in the game from along the left\\-field foul line.Ohanian, Bernard and Karen Mullarkey. *Baseball in America*, San Francisco: Collins, 1991, pp.206\\-7\\. .\n\nEldredge Park hosted the CCBL's annual [all\\-star game](/wiki/All-star_game \"All-star game\") and [home run](/wiki/Home_run \"Home run\") derby festivities in 1988, 1989, 1990, 1994, 2004 and 2019, and has seen Orleans claim CCBL championships in 1986, 1993, 2003, and 2005\\. The ballpark has been the summertime home of dozens of future major leaguers such as [Carlton Fisk](/wiki/Carlton_Fisk \"Carlton Fisk\"), [Frank Thomas](/wiki/Frank_Thomas_%28designated_hitter%29 \"Frank Thomas (designated hitter)\"), [Mark Teixeira](/wiki/Mark_Teixeira \"Mark Teixeira\"), [Nomar Garciaparra](/wiki/Nomar_Garciaparra \"Nomar Garciaparra\"), and [Marcus Stroman](/wiki/Marcus_Stroman \"Marcus Stroman\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Cape Cod Baseball League](/wiki/Cape_Cod_Baseball_League \"Cape Cod Baseball League\")\n* [Cape Cod Baseball League ballparks](/wiki/Cape_Cod_Baseball_League_ballparks \"Cape Cod Baseball League ballparks\")\n* [Orleans Firebirds](/wiki/Orleans_Firebirds \"Orleans Firebirds\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Orleans Firebirds official website](https://www.capecodleague.com/orleans/)\n* [Cape Cod Baseball League official website](https://www.capecodleague.com/)\n\n[Category:1913 establishments in Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:1913_establishments_in_Massachusetts \"1913 establishments in Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Barnstable County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Barnstable_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Buildings and structures in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Cape Cod Baseball League ballparks](/wiki/Category:Cape_Cod_Baseball_League_ballparks \"Cape Cod Baseball League ballparks\")\n[Category:Orleans, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Orleans%2C_Massachusetts \"Orleans, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Sports venues completed in 1913](/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_completed_in_1913 \"Sports venues completed in 1913\")\n[Category:Sports venues completed in 1966](/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_completed_in_1966 \"Sports venues completed in 1966\")\n[Category:Sports venues completed in 2011](/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_completed_in_2011 \"Sports venues completed in 2011\")\n[Category:Tourist attractions in Barnstable County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Barnstable_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Tourist attractions in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Delmar T. Spivey
|
{
"id": [
35936988
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot III"
]
}
|
5j52gg2ossus5nzgs8k2br3z5ty7jrl
|
2024-09-12T22:06:03Z
| 1,176,824,575 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life and education",
"Military career",
"World War II",
"POW",
"Evacuation and diplomatic intrigue",
"Post-war",
"Final assignments",
"Post-service career",
"Publications",
"Family",
"Commemoration",
"Decorations",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[Major General](/wiki/Major_general_%28United_States%29 \"Major general (United States)\") **Delmar Taft Spivey** (August 9, 1905 – January 18, 1982\\) was an American military officer involved with [aerial gunnery](/wiki/Air_gunner \"Air gunner\") systems development, air education, and command structure. During World War II, he was the senior American officer of Center Compound, [Stalag Luft III](/wiki/Stalag_Luft_III \"Stalag Luft III\") prisoner of war camp in Sagan, Germany.\n\n",
"Early life and education\n------------------------\n\nDelmar Taft Spivey was born in [Gatesville, North Carolina](/wiki/Gatesville%2C_North_Carolina \"Gatesville, North Carolina\"), on August 9, 1905\\. After graduating from high school at [Whaleyville, Virginia](/wiki/Whaleyville%2C_Virginia \"Whaleyville, Virginia\"), in 1922, he attended the [College of William \\& Mary](/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary \"College of William & Mary\"), [Williamsburg](/wiki/Williamsburg%2C_Virginia \"Williamsburg, Virginia\"), Virginia. Graduating from the [U.S. Military Academy](/wiki/U.S._Military_Academy \"U.S. Military Academy\") on June 9, 1928, he was appointed a second lieutenant of [Infantry](/wiki/Infantry_Branch_%28United_States%29 \"Infantry Branch (United States)\") and assigned as a platoon leader at [Fort Benning](/wiki/Fort_Benning \"Fort Benning\"), Georgia. Entering flying school in June 1929, he graduated a year later, transferred to the [Air Corps](/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps \"United States Army Air Corps\") and was assigned to [Langley Field](/wiki/Langley_Field \"Langley Field\"), Virginia. On February 20, 1930, Lt. Spivey, of the 52d School Squadron ([11th School Group](/wiki/11th_School_Group \"11th School Group\")), made a forced landing when the motor of [Atlantic DH\\-4M\\-2](/wiki/Airco_DH.4 \"Airco DH.4\"), *23–685*, failed, the airframe suffering moderate damage when it came down two miles south of [Brooks Field](/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base \"Brooks Air Force Base\"), [San Antonio](/wiki/San_Antonio \"San Antonio\"), Texas.\n\nThe *Air Corps News Letter* published this account on March 5, 1930:\n\n",
"Military career\n---------------\n\nAssigned in June 1933 to the [65th Service Squadron](/wiki/65th_Service_Squadron \"65th Service Squadron\") at [Luke Field](/wiki/NALF_Ford_Island \"NALF Ford Island\"), Hawaii, two years later Spivey became engineering officer of the [64th School Squadron](/wiki/64th_School_Squadron \"64th School Squadron\") at [Kelly Field](/wiki/Kelly_Field \"Kelly Field\"), Texas, and in January 1936 was named assistant engineering officer there. In April 1936 he became an instructor at the flying school at Kelly Field, and a year later was appointed chief of the bomb section there. On April 14, 1938, he experienced a ground collision in a landing accident at Kelly Field, in which [North American BT\\-9B](/wiki/North_American_BT-9 \"North American BT-9\"), *37–166*,Andrade, John M. *U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909*. Earl Shilton, Leicester: Midland Counties Publications, 1979\\. , page 60\\. of the 64th School Squadron, received moderate damage.\n\nBecoming materiel officer of the [23d Composite Group](/wiki/23d_Composite_Group \"23d Composite Group\") in July 1938, with which he served at [Maxwell Field](/wiki/Maxwell_Field \"Maxwell Field\"), Alabama, and Orlando, Florida, two years later the general assumed command of a squadron at the Air Corps Proving Ground, [Eglin Field](/wiki/Eglin_Field \"Eglin Field\"), Florida, and in January 1941 was appointed executive officer of the Air Corps Proving Ground. In December 1939, Captains Spivey and [George W. Mundy](/wiki/George_W._Mundy \"George W. Mundy\"), both of the 23d Composite Group, had flown two [Curtiss YP\\-37s](/wiki/Curtiss_P-37 \"Curtiss P-37\") to Eglin Field for engine testing, the first of thousands of service tests.[History of Eglin Air Force Base](http://site.nwfdailynews.com/Eglin75/brief.pdf) . Air Armament Center Office of History Two months prior, Spivey had suffered a landing accident on October 10 at Maxwell Field, Alabama, in which [Curtiss P\\-36C Hawk](/wiki/Curtiss_P-36_Hawk \"Curtiss P-36 Hawk\"), *38–187*, c/n 12601,Andrade, John M. *U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909*. Earl Shilton, Leicester: Midland Counties Publications, 1979\\. , page 145\\. of the [1st Pursuit Squadron (Single Engine)](/wiki/1st_Special_Operations_Squadron \"1st Special Operations Squadron\"), 23d Composite Group, received minor damage.\n\nWhen Brigadier General [Muir S. Fairchild](/wiki/Muir_S._Fairchild \"Muir S. Fairchild\"), executive officer of the Army Air Forces, arrived at Eglin Field by plane from [New Orleans](/wiki/New_Orleans \"New Orleans\") for a brief inspection tour of the growing post in mid\\-November 1941, he was hosted by Major Spivey, who was in command of the field during the temporary absence of Major [George W. Mundy](/wiki/George_W._Mundy \"George W. Mundy\").Press release, Eglin Field, Florida, Thursday November 20, 1941, published as \"Eglin Honored By Visit From General Muir S. Fairchild\", *Okaloosa News\\-Journal*, Crestview, Florida, Friday November 21, 1941, Volume 27, Number 45, page 2\\.\n\n",
"World War II\n------------\n\nIn April 1942, Lt. Col. Spivey assumed command of the Fixed Gunnery School at Eglin Field, and in February 1942 was named commander of the Central Instructors School and Flexible Gunnery School at [Buckingham Field](/wiki/Buckingham_Field \"Buckingham Field\"), [Fort Myers](/wiki/Fort_Myers \"Fort Myers\"), Florida. He arrived there from Maxwell Field on May 9, and four days later was notified of his promotion to full colonel.\n\n> While construction workers built the new air field, Col. Spivey assembled a team of instructors drawn from the aerial gunnery school cadre at [Tyndall Field](/wiki/Tyndall_Field \"Tyndall Field\") located near Panama City, Florida. Tyndall Field instructors trained the first aerial gunnery students before America's entry into the war. Spivey based the initial curricula and training exercises on the previous experience gleaned from the pre\\-war period. In addition, the extensive literature and field guides from the British Royal Air Force's aerial gunnery school influenced Spivey.\"Buckingham Field History,\" AFHRA, Maxwell Air Force Base, Porter BAAF CollectionCarlson, Erik D., \"Shoot to Kill: Flexible Gunnery Training at Buckingham AAF, 1942–1945\", Florida Gulf Coast University.\n\n> The content and comparison of the curricula of flexible gunnery schools are necessary to an understanding of the discussion of specific training problems. Planning of curricula and preparation of textbooks was the work, in large part, of Maj. [W. L. Kennedy](/wiki/W._L._Kennedy \"W. L. Kennedy\") and Col. Delmar T. Spivey. The former, after a study of the English flexible gunnery schools in the summer of 1941, prepared the first five week's course at [Harlingen](/wiki/Harlingen_Air_Force_Base \"Harlingen Air Force Base\") and aided in the preparation of textbooks to be used there.History of Central Flying Training Command, Installment 3, III, 665–67\\. Colonel Spivey, project officer at Buckingham Army Air Field, performed a similar service for that station. In the early stages of their existence, flexible gunnery schools used as guide books Training Manual 1–271 and a Navy Department booklet, 'Air Gunnery.' After examining all available publications on gunnery in his planning for the school and comparing the results of his investigation with the subject matter of the two books, Colonel Spivey suggested to LAI? \\[*sic*] Headquarters the preparation of another text embracing some principles from each of the former ones.History of Central Flying Training Command, Installment 2, II, 978\\-80\\.Army Air Forces Historical Studies: No. 31, \"Flexible Gunnery Training in the AAF,\" Assistant Chief of Air Staff. Intelligence, Historical Division, March 1945, Chapter III: THE PATTERN OF TRAINING, pages 37–38\\. The original of this monograph and the documents from which it was written are in the USAF Historical Division, Archives Branch, Bldg. 914, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.\n\n\"Throughout his tenure, Spivey demanded that all officers and enlisted men 'live and think only of gunnery.' Often Spivey was seen on the firing ranges and visiting students in classrooms to provide inspiration and leadership.\"\"Units Assigned to Buckingham Air Field \\[During World War II Only],\" Buckingham Field File, Archive Room, Southwest Florida Museum of History. Col. Spivey remained in command of Buckingham Field until March 23, 1943, when he was designated the A\\-3 operations officer of the [Southeast Training Command](/wiki/Southeast_Air_Corps_Training_Center \"Southeast Air Corps Training Center\") at Maxwell Field, remaining there until June 1943\\.\n\nAssigned with the [Eighth Air Force](/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force \"Eighth Air Force\") in Europe, on August 12, 1943, while serving as an observer on a [Boeing B\\-17 Flying Fortress](/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress \"Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress\") of the [92d Bomb Group](/wiki/92d_Bombardment_Group \"92d Bombardment Group\"), piloted by Eugene M. Wiley, on a mission to hit the rail marshalling yardsBowman, Martin W., \"Home by Christmas?:\nThe Story of US Airmen at War\", Patrick Stephens, 1987, , page 23\\. at [Gelsenkirchen](/wiki/Gelsenkirchen \"Gelsenkirchen\"), Germany, in the industrial [Ruhr](/wiki/Ruhr \"Ruhr\") region,Gilbert, Adrian, \"POW: Allied prisoners in Europe, 1939–1945\", John Murray Publishers, 2007, page 31\\. Colonel Spivey was shot down. As the USAAF expert on aerial gunnery, he was\non this mission to evaluate how to improve gun turrets.Katsaros, John, \"CODE BURGUNDY: The Long Escape\", 2009, , Chapter 8, \"Emergency Orders\", page 39\\.\n\nHit by [flak](/wiki/Flak \"Flak\"), which knocked out the number one engine, and fighters, which set number three afire, the bomber, B\\-17F\\-85\\-BO, *42\\-30081*,Andrade, John M. *U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909*. Earl Shilton, Leicester: Midland Counties Publications, 1979\\. , page 44\\. 'P\\-YO', named \"USS Aliquippa\", of the [407th Bomb Squadron](/wiki/407th_Air_Refueling_Squadron \"407th Air Refueling Squadron\"), 92d Bomb Group, crash\\-landed near the [Dutch](/wiki/Netherlands \"Netherlands\") border at [Ahaus](/wiki/Ahaus \"Ahaus\"), NW of [Münster](/wiki/M%C3%BCnster \"Münster\"). All eleven crew were captured. (MACR 655\\) One source credits Lt. [Fritz Karch](/wiki/Fritz_Karch \"Fritz Karch\") in a [Bf 109G\\-6](/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109 \"Messerschmitt Bf 109\") of [JG 2](/wiki/JG_2 \"JG 2\")/6 with the kill. With his capture, Spivey became the highest ranking prisoner of war in the ETO.\n\n",
"POW\n---\n\n> When Colonel Delmar T. Spivey entered \\[the camp] in late July, \\[sic] 1943, he was a full colonel and twice the age of most of his fellow inmates. The senior staff immediately realized that his seniority and West Point training would catapult him into prominence as a leader. To reduce the chances of his inadvertently giving away important secrets to the Germans, the staff quickly briefed him on the entire spectrum of camp activities, including the vital covert intelligence and escape work that had been painfully developed during the three years since the first Allied fliers were captured by the Germans.Durand, Arthur A., Col., USAF (Ret.), \"Stalag Luft III – The Secret Story\", Louisiana State University Press, New Ed edition, October 1999, Introduction.\n\nThis included the three escape tunnels well underway, [Tom, Dick and Harry](/wiki/Stalag_Luft_III_escape \"Stalag Luft III escape\"). During succeeding days he learned all about the prisoners' forgery operation, covert communications with London and Washington, impressive education and theatrical programs, and robust play on the athletic field.\n\n> Two weeks later Spivey assumed command as Senior American Officer (SAO) of Center Compound. Still dazzled by what he had seen, he reflected on the need to record for posterity the amazing activities he saw at every turn. If nothing else, he reasoned, the account might make it easier for the next generation of prisoners and save them the trouble of having to 'invent the wheel all over again.' As logical and intriguing as the idea sounded, Spivey knew there were great risks. The Germans obviously would love to get their hands on so revealing a document. He nonetheless decided to proceed with the effort, knowing that everything hinged on the careful observance of numerous precautions and safeguards.\n\nThis coded and carefully hidden history was retrieved and carried at no little risk when the camp was hastily evacuated in late January 1945, as the Germans marched the prisoners away from the rapidly advancing Russian armies. The documents served as the basis and initial impetus for \"Stalag Luft III – The Secret Story\", a definitive history of the camp, by Col. Arthur A. Durand, USAF (Ret.).\n\nWhen word reached the camp that 50 of the 76 escapees had been shot after the [break out](/wiki/Stalag_Luft_III_escape \"Stalag Luft III escape\") of March 24–25, 1944, Spivey called the prisoners together and told them \"Gentlemen, we're helpless and hopeless.\"Miller, Donald L., \"Masters of the Air: America's Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany\", Simon \\& Schuster, New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, 2006, Library of Congress card number 2006050461, , page 391\\.\n\n",
"Evacuation and diplomatic intrigue\n----------------------------------\n\nOn January 27, 1945, the prisoners of all three compounds of Stalag Luft III were hastily evacuated as the Soviets advanced from the east and the camp complement and guards began a march in a blizzard to the garrison town of [Spremberg](/wiki/Spremberg \"Spremberg\"), a sixty mile journey that took three days, and which was as hard on the guards as it was for the prisoners. There, Spivey and General [Arthur W. Vanaman](/wiki/Arthur_W._Vanaman \"Arthur W. Vanaman\"), the highest ranking American prisoner to be captured during the war, were separated from the POWs, the \"kriegies\" going by train to a large camp at [Moosburg](/wiki/Moosburg \"Moosburg\"), in Eastern Bavaria, and the two officers taken to [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin \"Berlin\") to meet with representatives of [SS](/wiki/Schutzstaffel \"Schutzstaffel\") Lieutenant General [Gottlob Berger](/wiki/Gottlob_Berger \"Gottlob Berger\"), who was still in charge of *Luftwaffe* prison camps.\n\n\"Working through the Swiss government, Berger made arrangements for Red Cross parcels supplies to be delivered from [Geneva](/wiki/Geneva \"Geneva\") to Allied prisoners of war who were being moved from the Eastern Front. Like his earlier effort to prevent his own SS from taking over control of the *Luft* camps after the Great Escape, this was a calculated effort by Berger to appease the approaching Western Allies.Miller, Donald L., \"Masters of the Air: America's Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany\", Simon \\& Schuster, New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, 2006, Library of Congress card number 2006050461, , page 498\\.\n\n> After arranging for Red Cross food relief, Berger summoned Vanaman and Spivey to his heavily guarded headquarters. He wanted Vanaman to take a message to [Eisenhower](/wiki/Dwight_David_Eisenhower \"Dwight David Eisenhower\") conveying his desire to negotiate \\- by secret radio codes \\- a separate peace with the Western Allies. This would allow a reinvigorated [Wehrmacht](/wiki/Wehrmacht \"Wehrmacht\") to push the Russians back to the [Oder](/wiki/Oder_River \"Oder River\"). High\\-ranking army officers would then murder [Hitler](/wiki/Adolf_Hitler \"Adolf Hitler\") and [Himmler](/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler \"Heinrich Himmler\") \\- who were madmen, Berger said \\- and arrange an 'orderly and correct surrender' of the country to the Western Allies. Berger would do this, he told Spivey and Vanaman, to save his country from the Bolshevik beasts. He also claimed that he wanted to save the lives of Allied POWs, whom Hitler was threatening to kill as payback for [Dresden](/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II \"Bombing of Dresden in World War II\").\n\nVanaman agreed to work with Berger only after he stopped the forced POW marches and sped up food delivery to the men. He and Spivey were then smuggled into neutral Switzerland and Vanaman flown to France to meet with Lieutenant General [Carl Spaatz](/wiki/Carl_Andrew_Spaatz \"Carl Andrew Spaatz\"), who was incredulous at Berger's peace proposal. \"'Somebody sure pulled your leg,' he told Vanaman. He then sent Vanaman to Washington to get rid of him. The general made a full report to the War Department which was conspicuously ignored.\"Miller, Donald L., \"Masters of the Air: America's Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany\", Simon \\& Schuster, New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, 2006, Library of Congress card number 2006050461, , page 499\\.\n\nUpon return to allied control in April 1945, Col. Spivey was assigned to the [Supreme Headquarters of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe](/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Expeditionary_Force \"Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force\").\n\n",
"Post\\-war\n---------\n\nIn August 1945 Colonel Spivey became assistant chief of Air Staff for Personnel of the [Air Training Command](/wiki/Air_Training_Command \"Air Training Command\") at [Fort Worth](/wiki/Fort_Worth \"Fort Worth\"), Texas. The following month he was named assistant to the chief of staff of the Air Training Command, and in October 1945 was appointed deputy chief of staff of the command, retaining that position when the command headquarters moved to [Barksdale Field](/wiki/Barksdale_Field \"Barksdale Field\"), Louisiana, in April 1946\\.\n\nEntering the [National War College](/wiki/National_War_College \"National War College\") in August 1946, upon graduation the following June the general became chief of the Academic Staff of the [Air University](/wiki/Air_University_%28United_States_Air_Force%29 \"Air University (United States Air Force)\") at Maxwell Field, Alabama. In July 1948 he was appointed commander for education at the Air University, and a year later became director of education there.\n\nGeneral Spivey in August 1949 was appointed chief of the Plans Division, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations at U.S. Air Force headquarters. A year later he was assigned to [Fifth Air Force](/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force \"Fifth Air Force\") headquarters at [Nagoya](/wiki/Nagoya%2C_Japan \"Nagoya, Japan\"), Japan, and soon afterward assumed command of the Rear Echelon of the Fifth Air Force (August 6, 1950 – December 1, 1950\\). In December 1950 he was named commanding general of the [314th Air Division](/wiki/314th_Air_Division \"314th Air Division\") in Japan. Upon the inactivation of the 314th Air Division in February 1952, General Spivey was designated commander of the [Japan Air Defense Force](/wiki/Japan_Air_Defense_Force \"Japan Air Defense Force\") (December 1, 1950 – January 20, 1953\\).\n\n",
"Final assignments\n-----------------\n\nReturning to the United States in February 1953, the general was appointed commanding general of the [Central Air Defense Force](/wiki/Central_Air_Defense_Force \"Central Air Defense Force\"), [Air Defense Command](/wiki/Air_Defense_Command \"Air Defense Command\"), at [Kansas City](/wiki/Kansas_City%2C_Missouri \"Kansas City, Missouri\"), Missouri. Moving to Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, in July 1954, he was designated commandant of the [Air War College](/wiki/Air_War_College \"Air War College\"), Air University (July 26, 1954 – June 15, 1956\\)Luehman, Arno H. Luehman, Major General, USAF, \"The New Air War College\", *Air University Review*, January–February 1966\\. until June 16, 1956, when he became a patient at the Air University Hospital.\n\n",
"Post\\-service career\n--------------------\n\nFollowing his military retirement, General Spivey, 56, served as Superintendent of [Culver Military Academy](/wiki/Culver_Military_Academy \"Culver Military Academy\"), [Culver, Indiana](/wiki/Culver%2C_Indiana \"Culver, Indiana\"), from September 1956 to 1967\\.\n\nIn 1965, he smoothly integrated Culver. \"Then\\-superintendent Gen. Delmar T. Spivey, according to an article in the summer, 1987 Culver Alumni magazine on the school's black student history, had said prior to the 1965 school year, 'Our policy has always been that when a qualified black student applies, he will be admitted,' and without fanfare, added the superintendent – which was just what happened.\"Culver Alumni magazine, \"Black at Culver: A Self\\-Examination,\" Summer 1987 edition.Marshall County, Indiana, \"Williams was among first black students at CMA\", *Pilot News*, Sunday February 10, 2013\\.\n\nAn article in the September 1966 issue of *[Boys' Life](/wiki/Boys%27_Life \"Boys' Life\")* magazine states that\n\n> In ten years as superintendent, General Spivey has, with what an associate calls \"dynamic ease,\" raised Culver to the top rank of prep schools in the U.S. He's brought in over eight million dollars with his \"Program of Excellence,\" by getting Culver alumni in clubs across the country to speak up and give to their school. He's raised faculty salaries and created scores of new scholarships, including [Boy Scout](/wiki/Boy_Scout \"Boy Scout\") scholarships. \"At Culver,\" he tells you, \"a boy learns the responsibility of command. He also learns that here, as in life, the best man – whether an artist, a scholar, or athlete – will win out.\" The general has said he sometimes thinks that running Culver \"is tougher than fighting a war.\" Yet, despite his heavy involvement, he gives much time to scouting as a member of the executive board of the [Tri\\-Valley Council](/wiki/Tri-Valley_Council \"Tri-Valley Council\"), in [South Bend](/wiki/South_Bend \"South Bend\"), Ind. For his outstanding work, General Spivey last year received the [Silver Antelope](/wiki/Silver_Antelope \"Silver Antelope\") – one of Scoutings \\[*sic*] highest awards for service to youth.Babson, Walt, \"Three Scouts at Culver\", *Boys' Life*, Boy Scouts of America, New Brunswick, New Jersey, September 1966, Volume LVI, Number 9, page 79\\.\n\nUpon departing Culver, General Spivey and his wife retired to [Largo, Florida](/wiki/Largo%2C_Florida \"Largo, Florida\"), with a vacation house in [Maine](/wiki/Maine \"Maine\").\n\nGeneral Spivey died in 1982\\. Memorial services were held on January 22, 1982, at the [Episcopal Church of Ascension](/wiki/Church_of_the_Ascension_%28Clearwater%2C_Florida%29 \"Church of the Ascension (Clearwater, Florida)\") in [Clearwater, Florida](/wiki/Clearwater%2C_Florida \"Clearwater, Florida\").\n\nGinny Spivey, wife of General Spivey, was hostess to students and VIPs of the Academy. She died on October 22, 1997\\.\n\n",
"Publications\n------------\n\nIn April 1959, Superintendent Spivey published a volume titled \"Culver Military Academy: A Dedicated Institution\", which went through two printings. (Indianapolis, Indiana: Newcomen Society, April 1959\\.) He also authored a book on his experiences as the senior American POW officer in Stalag Luft III (Center Compound). Titled: \"POW Odyssey: Recollections of Center Compound, Stalag Luft III and the Secret German Peace Mission in World War II\", it was published in 1984\\. The Delmar T. Spivey, collection, 1943–1978, running five linear feet, and used in the production of this manuscript, is archived at the [United States Air Force Academy](/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy \"United States Air Force Academy\") in [Colorado Springs](/wiki/Colorado_Springs%2C_Colorado \"Colorado Springs, Colorado\"), Colorado.\n\n",
"Family\n------\n\nDelmar Spivey was married to Virginia B. Spivey, (a [New Jersey](/wiki/New_Jersey \"New Jersey\") native, born April 4, 1907, died October 22, 1997, in [Largo](/wiki/Largo%2C_Florida \"Largo, Florida\"), [Pinellas County](/wiki/Pinellas_County \"Pinellas County\"), Florida), and the 1940 census lists a son, Delmar B. Spivey, age 8\\. Delmar B. Spivey would also join the U.S. Air Force in 1955, graduating in navigator class 58\\-03 at [James Connally Air Force Base](/wiki/James_Connally_Air_Force_Base \"James Connally Air Force Base\"), Texas, and later served as a navigator with a special operations squadron, the [309th Air Commando Squadron](/wiki/309th_Air_Commando_Squadron \"309th Air Commando Squadron\"),Lawrence, Larry, Military Editor, \"Air Careers of Father and Son Span Years From Props to Huge Jets\", *Abilene Reporter\\-News*, Abilene, Texas, Thursday September 1, 1977, Volume 97, Number 76, page 1\\-A. flying [UC\\-123 Providers](/wiki/C-123_Provider \"C-123 Provider\"), on [Operation Ranch Hand](/wiki/Operation_Ranch_Hand \"Operation Ranch Hand\") missions in Vietnam in 1966\\.Culver, Indiana, \"'Ranch Hand' Mission In Vietnam\", *Culver Citizen*, Thursday April 28, 1966, Volume 72, Number 17, page 1\\. He later crewed [Lockheed C\\-141 Starlifters](/wiki/Lockheed_C-141_Starlifter \"Lockheed C-141 Starlifter\"). He retired from the Air Force on Wednesday August 31, 1977, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, his final assignment being with the Operations Plans Division of the [463d Tactical Airlift Wing](/wiki/463d_Tactical_Airlift_Wing \"463d Tactical Airlift Wing\"), [Dyess AFB](/wiki/Dyess_AFB \"Dyess AFB\"), Texas. He is rated a master navigator, with 5,286 hours flying time. He died May 4, 2006\\.\n\n",
"Commemoration\n-------------\n\nIn 1967, two distinguished physicians and graduates of [Culver Military Academy](/wiki/Culver_Military_Academy \"Culver Military Academy\"), Dr. Richard U. Light, Class of 1920, and his brother Rudolph Light, Class of 1927, established the Major General Delmar T. Spivey Award for Excellence in Teaching to recognize and encourage superior teaching, particularly among younger, promising members of the faculty. Because of General Spivey's many contributions to the encouragement of excellence in teaching at the Academy, the award was named in honor of Culver's sixth Superintendent.\n\n",
"Decorations\n-----------\n\nHis decorations include the [Legion of Merit](/wiki/Legion_of_Merit \"Legion of Merit\") with oak leaf cluster, [Bronze Star Medal](/wiki/Bronze_Star_Medal \"Bronze Star Medal\"), [Air Medal](/wiki/Air_Medal \"Air Medal\") and the [Order of the British Empire](/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire \"Order of the British Empire\") (Honorary Commander). He is rated a command pilot.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1905 births](/wiki/Category:1905_births \"1905 births\")\n[Category:1982 deaths](/wiki/Category:1982_deaths \"1982 deaths\")\n[Category:American aviators](/wiki/Category:American_aviators \"American aviators\")\n[Category:College of William \\& Mary alumni](/wiki/Category:College_of_William_%26_Mary_alumni \"College of William & Mary alumni\")\n[Category:United States Military Academy alumni](/wiki/Category:United_States_Military_Academy_alumni \"United States Military Academy alumni\")\n[Category:National War College alumni](/wiki/Category:National_War_College_alumni \"National War College alumni\")\n[Category:United States Air Force personnel of the Korean War](/wiki/Category:United_States_Air_Force_personnel_of_the_Korean_War \"United States Air Force personnel of the Korean War\")\n[Category:United States Air Force generals](/wiki/Category:United_States_Air_Force_generals \"United States Air Force generals\")\n[Category:United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II](/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_Air_Forces_pilots_of_World_War_II \"United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II\")\n[Category:Shot\\-down aviators](/wiki/Category:Shot-down_aviators \"Shot-down aviators\")\n[Category:American prisoners of war in World War II](/wiki/Category:American_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_II \"American prisoners of war in World War II\")\n[Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany](/wiki/Category:World_War_II_prisoners_of_war_held_by_Germany \"World War II prisoners of war held by Germany\")\n[Category:Recipients of the Air Medal](/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Air_Medal \"Recipients of the Air Medal\")\n[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit](/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Legion_of_Merit \"Recipients of the Legion of Merit\")\n[Category:Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire](/wiki/Category:Honorary_commanders_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire \"Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire\")\n[Category:People from Gatesville, North Carolina](/wiki/Category:People_from_Gatesville%2C_North_Carolina \"People from Gatesville, North Carolina\")\n[Category:Military personnel from North Carolina](/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_North_Carolina \"Military personnel from North Carolina\")\n[Category:Aviators from North Carolina](/wiki/Category:Aviators_from_North_Carolina \"Aviators from North Carolina\")\n\n"
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],
"content": [
"\n***Slash\\-in\\-the\\-Box*** is a short horror film that was written and directed by [Nick Everhart](/wiki/Nick_Everhart \"Nick Everhart\"). The film was premiered at the KC Creepfest on October 28, 2011, and stars Tyler Hollinger and Elizabeth Masucci. It was selected by the director [Eli Roth](/wiki/Eli_Roth \"Eli Roth\") as a finalist in the 2011 Universal Studios [Halloween Horror Nights](/wiki/Halloween_Horror_Nights \"Halloween Horror Nights\") Short Film Competition and was also nominated for Best Editing in the 2011 Super Shorts International Film Festival.\n\nThe short was included in the 2013 horror anthology film *The Penny Dreadful Picture Show* and later screened on the [Fun Size Horror](/wiki/Fun_Size_Horror \"Fun Size Horror\") website. \n\n",
"Synopsis\n--------\n\nThe short opens with a couple playing with an antique [jack\\-in\\-the\\-box](/wiki/Jack-in-the-box \"Jack-in-the-box\") in their kitchen. They appear to be mildly unnerved by the toy's clown and the wife laughingly leaves the room. Her husband follows shortly after and the two go to bed. Later that night the toy is shown winding itself up and the top opens, however no clown is seen. The husband wakes and hears a baseball rolling down the house's main stairway. He goes downstairs and finds the ball, then enters the kitchen where he sees the closed jack\\-in\\-the\\-box and starts winding it up. The camera then pans down to his feet and the viewer hears the sound of something hitting the man, followed by blood and gore hitting the floor. The wife wakes to the sound of clown laughter and makes her way downstairs. She watches horrified as the jack\\-in\\-the\\-box winds up and springs open, revealing her husband's severed head.\n\n",
"Cast\n----\n\n* Tyler Hollinger as Husband\n* Elizabeth Masucci as Wife\n",
"Release\n-------\n\n*Slash\\-in\\-the\\-Box* was first shown at the KC Creepfest on October 28, 2011, and was a selection at several film festivals such as the 2012 AMC Theatres Kansas City Film Fest, Killer Film Fest and the Chicago Indie Horror Film Festival. In 2013, it was one of three short horror films featured in the 2013 horror [anthology](/wiki/Anthology_film \"Anthology film\") *The Penny Dreadful Picture Show*, along with *The Slaughter House* and *Morning After*. Two years later, in April 2015, *Slash\\-in\\-the\\-Box* was one of several short films in a competition by the [Chiller Channel](/wiki/Chiller_%28TV_channel%29 \"Chiller (TV channel)\"), as one of their \"Chiller Killer Shorts\". On October 21 that year, the short was screened on the Fun Size Horror website.\n\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\n*[Film School Rejects](/wiki/Film_School_Rejects \"Film School Rejects\")* wrote a review for the short and marked as their \"short film of the day\", stating that \"It’s no big surprise what happens here, but there’s something deeply satisfying about it all.\" *HorrorNews.net* praised it, commenting, \"Clever, nice FX work, and overall effective, *Slash\\-in\\-the\\-Box* is a just a cool little piece.\" In its review for *The Penny Dreadful Picture Show*, Horror Society remarked that *Slash\\-in\\-the\\-Box* was its favorite piece of the collection and wished that it had been longer.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Review](http://www.horror-movies.ca/2012/03/slash-in-the-box-review/) at Horror\\-Movies.ca\n\n[Category:2011 films](/wiki/Category:2011_films \"2011 films\")\n[Category:2011 horror films](/wiki/Category:2011_horror_films \"2011 horror films\")\n[Category:Films directed by Nick Everhart](/wiki/Category:Films_directed_by_Nick_Everhart \"Films directed by Nick Everhart\")\n[Category:2011 short films](/wiki/Category:2011_short_films \"2011 short films\")\n[Category:American horror short films](/wiki/Category:American_horror_short_films \"American horror short films\")\n[Category:2010s English\\-language films](/wiki/Category:2010s_English-language_films \"2010s English-language films\")\n[Category:2010s American films](/wiki/Category:2010s_American_films \"2010s American films\")\n[Category:English\\-language horror films](/wiki/Category:English-language_horror_films \"English-language horror films\")\n[Category:English\\-language short films](/wiki/Category:English-language_short_films \"English-language short films\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Anton Brehmer
|
{
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
}
|
8ph2fyyf52d0espoxyvl1kqg8hqf47c
|
2024-08-17T11:29:09Z
| 1,174,068,363 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Anton Brehmer** (born February 6, 1994\\) is a [Swedish](/wiki/Sweden \"Sweden\") [ice hockey](/wiki/Ice_hockey \"Ice hockey\") player. He is currently playing with [Örebro HK](/wiki/%C3%96rebro_HK \"Örebro HK\") of the [Swedish Hockey League](/wiki/Swedish_Hockey_League \"Swedish Hockey League\") (SHL).\n\nBrehmer made his [Elitserien](/wiki/Swedish_Hockey_League \"Swedish Hockey League\") debut playing with [Linköpings HC](/wiki/Link%C3%B6pings_HC \"Linköpings HC\") during the [2012–13 Elitserien season](/wiki/2012%E2%80%9313_Elitserien_season \"2012–13 Elitserien season\").[Eliteprospects.com \\- 2012\\-13 Linköpings HC player statistics](http://www.eliteprospects.com/team.php?team=6&year0=2013&status=stats)\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1994 births](/wiki/Category:1994_births \"1994 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Linköping HC players](/wiki/Category:Link%C3%B6ping_HC_players \"Linköping HC players\")\n[Category:Örebro HK players](/wiki/Category:%C3%96rebro_HK_players \"Örebro HK players\")\n[Category:Swedish ice hockey centres](/wiki/Category:Swedish_ice_hockey_centres \"Swedish ice hockey centres\")\n[Category:Ice hockey people from Örebro](/wiki/Category:Ice_hockey_people_from_%C3%96rebro \"Ice hockey people from Örebro\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Channel 24 (Bangladeshi TV channel)
|
{
"id": [
42109801
],
"name": [
"Ilhamnobi"
]
}
|
lmg1dugry806z21v2acic88mecxhddy
|
2024-09-23T21:29:24Z
| 1,247,333,917 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Controversies",
"Programming",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Channel 24** () is a Bangladeshi Bengali\\-language satellite and cable television channel airing programming relating to news and current affairs, owned by Times Media Limited, a subsidiary of the [Ha\\-meem Group](/wiki/Ha-meem_Group \"Ha-meem Group\"). The channel was launched on 24 May 2012 initially as a mixed entertainment channel, before moving to solely airing news programming.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nChannel 24 was granted a license to broadcast in February 2010 by the [Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission](/wiki/Bangladesh_Telecommunication_Regulatory_Commission \"Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission\"). It began test transmissions on 22 August 2011\\. Although initially planning to do so in December of that year, it officially commenced transmissions on 24 May 2012 at 19:00 ([BST](/wiki/Bangladesh_Standard_Time \"Bangladesh Standard Time\")). Originally, its programming line was diversified, consisting of drama, news, television films, music, sports, talk shows, and many more. It also offered programming targeted towards viewers in [Chittagong](/wiki/Chittagong \"Chittagong\"), which is broadcast from the city. It later changed its focus to mostly airing news and current affairs programming. Within two years of its launch, Channel 24 became the top news channel in Bangladesh.\n\nChannel 24 was one of the nine Bangladeshi television channels to sign an agreement with [Bdnews24\\.com](/wiki/Bdnews24.com \"Bdnews24.com\") to subscribe to a video\\-based news agency run by children called *Prism* in May 2016\\. The channel was the first in Bangladesh to introduce an [AI](/wiki/Artificial_intelligence \"Artificial intelligence\") news anchor, named 'Aparajita', who debuted on 19 July 2023\\. During the [non\\-cooperation movement](/wiki/Non-cooperation_movement_%282024%29 \"Non-cooperation movement (2024)\") on 5 August 2024, Channel 24 broadcast live footages of protesters storming the [Ganabhaban](/wiki/Ganabhaban \"Ganabhaban\"), the official residence of the former prime minister [Sheikh Hasina](/wiki/Sheikh_Hasina \"Sheikh Hasina\"), as they celebrate her resignation.\n\n",
"Controversies\n-------------\n\nOn 18 September 2013, on Channel 24's talk show *Muktobaak*, two participants stated that the rights of [Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury](/wiki/Salahuddin_Quader_Chowdhury \"Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury\") were curtailed as he was not allowed to place defense witnesses, raising doubts about the trial process by the [International Crimes Tribunal](/wiki/International_Crimes_Tribunal_%28Bangladesh%29 \"International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)\"). This statement was found to be \"baseless\" and \"utterly false\" and resulted in a contempt petition against the officials of the channel.\n\n",
"Programming\n-----------\n\n* *Amar Joto Gaan*\n* *Beyond the Gallery*\n* *Entertainment 24*\n* *Lifestyle 24*\n* *Mukhomukhi*\n* *Prosongo Rajniti*\n* *Sports 24*\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Television channels and stations established in 2012](/wiki/Category:Television_channels_and_stations_established_in_2012 \"Television channels and stations established in 2012\")\n[Category:Television channels in Bangladesh](/wiki/Category:Television_channels_in_Bangladesh \"Television channels in Bangladesh\")\n[Category:Mass media in Dhaka](/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Dhaka \"Mass media in Dhaka\")\n[Category:24\\-hour television news channels in Bangladesh](/wiki/Category:24-hour_television_news_channels_in_Bangladesh \"24-hour television news channels in Bangladesh\")\n[Category:2012 establishments in Bangladesh](/wiki/Category:2012_establishments_in_Bangladesh \"2012 establishments in Bangladesh\")\n\n"
]
}
|
National Infotech College
|
{
"id": [
40968262
],
"name": [
"Smallangryplanet"
]
}
|
efd6ubcjofaxlfq818z91pqquz0n3q0
|
2024-06-20T12:35:17Z
| 1,230,045,304 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|Logo of National Infotech College](/wiki/File:Logo_of_NI.jpg \"Logo of NI.jpg\")\n**National Infotech College** is a college in [Birgunj](/wiki/Birgunj \"Birgunj\"), [Nepal](/wiki/Nepal \"Nepal\"), focused on science and technology. Its programs include its \\+2 Science Program, its Bachelor of Computer Application program, and its B.Sc. program in Computer Science and IT. The Principal of the college is Er. Manish Singh. The chairman of the college is Mr. Arjun Prasad Singh. \nThe college is affiliated with Nepal's [National Examinations Board](/wiki/National_Examinations_Board \"National Examinations Board\") and [Tribhuvan University](/wiki/Tribhuvan_University \"Tribhuvan University\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Universities and colleges in Nepal](/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_Nepal \"Universities and colleges in Nepal\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Parsa District](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Parsa_District \"Buildings and structures in Parsa District\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Live by Night
|
{
"id": [
42605811
],
"name": [
"SebastianJFromTheBurg"
]
}
|
ap0au4i4o09tfnrd3rmk4z52qya51dl
|
2023-06-10T03:30:35Z
| 1,045,867,046 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Plot summary",
"Film adaptation",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Live by Night*** is a [crime novel](/wiki/Crime_novel \"Crime novel\") by American writer [Dennis Lehane](/wiki/Dennis_Lehane \"Dennis Lehane\"), published in 2012\\. It won a 2013 [Edgar Award](/wiki/Edgar_Award \"Edgar Award\") for novel of the year.\n\n",
"Plot summary\n------------\n\nBy 1926, [Prohibition](/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States \"Prohibition in the United States\") has given rise to an endless network of underground distilleries, speakeasies, gangsters and corrupt cops. Joe Coughlin, the youngest son of a prominent [Boston police](/wiki/Boston_Police_Department \"Boston Police Department\") captain, defies his proper upbringing by climbing a ladder of [organized crime](/wiki/Organized_crime \"Organized crime\") that takes him from Boston to [Ybor City, Florida](/wiki/Ybor_City%2C_Florida \"Ybor City, Florida\"), to [Havana, Cuba](/wiki/Havana%2C_Cuba \"Havana, Cuba\"), where he encounters a dangerous cast of characters who are all fighting for their piece of the American dream.\n\nWhen the novel begins, Joe is in the employ of one of Boston's most powerful mobsters, Tim Hickey. Joe and two friends knock off a gambling room located behind a speakeasy. Unbeknownst to them, the speakeasy belongs to Albert White, Hickey's biggest rival. Emma Gould, a server in the room and White's mistress, catches Joe's attention. They begin an affair.\n\nCoughlin is later sent to [Charlestown Penitentiary](/wiki/Charlestown_State_Prison \"Charlestown State Prison\") after a bank robbery goes awry. On the night of his arrest, the car Emma is traveling in crashes into a river and she is presumed dead. Joe comes under the protection of Italian mobster Maso Pescatore while in prison. While Joe and his father, Thomas, had a complicated relationship, Thomas agrees to do Pescatore's bidding to keep Joe safe in prison. The stress of these dealings gives Thomas a fatal heart attack.\n\nUpon release, Pescatore sends Joe to [Tampa, Florida](/wiki/Tampa%2C_Florida \"Tampa, Florida\"), to solidify the family's rum\\-running operation. Joe builds a highly successful business with his henchman, Dion. Still grieving for Emma, he encounters a fiery Cuban expatriate and revolutionary, Graciela Corrales, and they become an intensely devoted couple. Graciela convinces Joe to mastermind the robbery of a weapons cache from an American warship to aid [Fulgencio Batista](/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista \"Fulgencio Batista\")'s overthrow of Cuban strongman [Gerardo Machado](/wiki/Gerardo_Machado \"Gerardo Machado\").Woog, Adam (October 21, 2012\\). [\"Lehane's 'Live by Night': An Ex\\-Con's Destiny in Mid\\-20th\\-Century Cuba\"](http://seattletimes.com/html/books/2019453968_br21lehane.html). *[The Seattle Times](/wiki/The_Seattle_Times \"The Seattle Times\")*. Retrieved June 12, 2015\\.\n\nWhile building his empire, Joe fights against the [Ku Klux Klan](/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan \"Ku Klux Klan\"). The local leader of the Klan is related to Figgis, Tampa's police chief. Joe [blackmails](/wiki/Blackmail \"Blackmail\") Figgis with pornographic photographs of his daughter Loretta, whom Figgis had believed was working in [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles \"Los Angeles\") as an actress. Figgis' daughter later returns to Tampa and becomes a famous preacher. Loretta later reveals to Joe that she does not believe in God and is merely performing. Loretta later commits [suicide](/wiki/Suicide \"Suicide\"), after which it is revealed that she was sexually abused by her father.\n\nWhen Pescatore decides to replace Joe with his own dimwitted son, White uses this opportunity to seek revenge against Joe, whom he blames for Emma's death. Joe escapes and regains control of his empire. He, Graciela, and their small son return to Havana to live a quieter life. Dion becomes head of the family while Joe acts as an advisor. In Cuba, Joe meets Emma outside the brothel where she works. She reveals she was involved in Joe's arrest. When Joe and Graciela return to the U.S. for a visit, Graciela is shot and killed by Figgis. Joe turns his back on organized crime to live a more mundane life with his son.\n\n",
"Film adaptation\n---------------\n\n[Warner Bros.](/wiki/Warner_Bros. \"Warner Bros.\") produced a [film adaptation](/wiki/Film_adaptation \"Film adaptation\") with [Ben Affleck](/wiki/Ben_Affleck \"Ben Affleck\") directing, writing, producing, and starring as Joe Coughlin, while [Leonardo DiCaprio](/wiki/Leonardo_DiCaprio \"Leonardo DiCaprio\") and Jennifer Davisson Killoran served as producers. The film was released on December 25, 2016 and received mixed reviews from critics.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Dennis Lehane on Live By Night, His Novel of Prohibition Era Rum Runners](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REL1UQXHwXU)\n* [Author's website](https://web.archive.org/web/20140409054241/http://www.dennislehane.com/books/live_by_night)\n* [Publisher's website](http://www.hachette.com.au/books/9780349123691/)\n\n[Category:2012 American novels](/wiki/Category:2012_American_novels \"2012 American novels\")\n[Category:American crime novels](/wiki/Category:American_crime_novels \"American crime novels\")\n[Category:Edgar Award\\-winning works](/wiki/Category:Edgar_Award-winning_works \"Edgar Award-winning works\")\n[Category:English\\-language novels](/wiki/Category:English-language_novels \"English-language novels\")\n[Category:Novels about organized crime in the United States](/wiki/Category:Novels_about_organized_crime_in_the_United_States \"Novels about organized crime in the United States\")\n[Category:Novels about prohibition in the United States](/wiki/Category:Novels_about_prohibition_in_the_United_States \"Novels about prohibition in the United States\")\n[Category:American novels adapted into films](/wiki/Category:American_novels_adapted_into_films \"American novels adapted into films\")\n[Category:Novels by Dennis Lehane](/wiki/Category:Novels_by_Dennis_Lehane \"Novels by Dennis Lehane\")\n[Category:Novels set in Boston](/wiki/Category:Novels_set_in_Boston \"Novels set in Boston\")\n[Category:Novels set in Cuba](/wiki/Category:Novels_set_in_Cuba \"Novels set in Cuba\")\n[Category:Novels set in Florida](/wiki/Category:Novels_set_in_Florida \"Novels set in Florida\")\n[Category:William Morrow and Company books](/wiki/Category:William_Morrow_and_Company_books \"William Morrow and Company books\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Gol Baghi
|
{
"id": [
44342819
],
"name": [
"Renamed user g5s6n3yi8z7g08cs"
]
}
|
if8feb70z1a3mzowwtv806w0jmckck4
|
2023-10-29T22:29:44Z
| 932,848,509 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction"
],
"level": [
1
],
"content": [
"**Gol Baghi** and **Golbaghi** () may refer to:\n* [Golbaghi, Kermanshah](/wiki/Golbaghi%2C_Kermanshah \"Golbaghi, Kermanshah\")\n* [Gol Baghi, Lorestan](/wiki/Gol_Baghi%2C_Lorestan \"Gol Baghi, Lorestan\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Rhyzodiastes bipunctatus
|
{
"id": [
32867347
],
"name": [
"Qbugbot"
]
}
|
clbuf71sm45rz9ft5ohx27y1a6f4fjp
|
2023-04-09T08:41:33Z
| 1,126,363,321 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Rhyzodiastes bipunctatus*** is a species of [ground beetle](/wiki/Ground_beetle \"Ground beetle\") in the subfamily [Rhysodinae](/wiki/Rhysodinae \"Rhysodinae\"). It was described by R.T. \\& J.R. Bell in 1985\\. It is found on [Guadalcanal](/wiki/Guadalcanal \"Guadalcanal\") (Solomon Islands).\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Rhyzodiastes](/wiki/Category:Rhyzodiastes \"Rhyzodiastes\")\n[Category:Beetles of Oceania](/wiki/Category:Beetles_of_Oceania \"Beetles of Oceania\")\n[Category:Insects of the Solomon Islands](/wiki/Category:Insects_of_the_Solomon_Islands \"Insects of the Solomon Islands\")\n[Category:Endemic fauna of the Solomon Islands](/wiki/Category:Endemic_fauna_of_the_Solomon_Islands \"Endemic fauna of the Solomon Islands\")\n[Category:Beetles described in 1985](/wiki/Category:Beetles_described_in_1985 \"Beetles described in 1985\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
2nd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
|
{
"id": [
20483999
],
"name": [
"Monkbot"
]
}
|
n39r2mr9udf31v65a42jklqzjcs5ir1
|
2024-10-21T17:08:05Z
| 1,205,309,883 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Commanding officers",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe **2nd Infantry Division** of [Nazi Germany](/wiki/Nazi_Germany \"Nazi Germany\")'s [Army](/wiki/German_Army_%28Wehrmacht%29 \"German Army (Wehrmacht)\") was created from components of the *[Reichswehr](/wiki/Reichswehr \"Reichswehr\")'s* old [2nd Division](/wiki/2nd_Division_%28Reichswehr%29 \"2nd Division (Reichswehr)\") in 1934, at first under the cover name *Wehrgauleitung Stettin* and later *Artillerieführer II*; it did not take its real name until October 1935\\. It was upgraded to **2nd Motorized Infantry Division** in 1937, and fought under that name in [Heinz Guderian](/wiki/Heinz_Guderian \"Heinz Guderian\")'s [XIX Corps](/wiki/XIX_Army_Corps \"XIX Army Corps\") during the 1939 [Invasion of Poland](/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland_%281939%29 \"Invasion of Poland (1939)\"), first in the cut across the [Polish Corridor](/wiki/Polish_Corridor \"Polish Corridor\") to reach [East Prussia](/wiki/East_Prussia \"East Prussia\") and then as support for the push on [Brest\\-Litovsk](/wiki/Brest-Litovsk \"Brest-Litovsk\"). It was then transferred to the west, where it took part in the 1940 [Battle of France](/wiki/Battle_of_France \"Battle of France\").\n",
"Commanding officers\n-------------------\n\n* [Generalleutnant](/wiki/Generalleutnant \"Generalleutnant\") Hubert Gercke (10 October 1935 – 1 April 1937\\)\n* Generalleutnant [Paul Bader](/wiki/Paul_Bader \"Paul Bader\") (1 April 1937 – 1 October 1940\\)\n",
"References\n----------\n\n**Note:** The Web references may require you to follow links to cover the unit's entire history.\n* Burkhard Müller\\-Hillebrand: *Das Heer 1933–1945\\. Entwicklung des organisatorischen Aufbaues.* Vol.III: *Der Zweifrontenkrieg. Das Heer vom Beginn des Feldzuges gegen die Sowjetunion bis zum Kriegsende*. Mittler: Frankfurt am Main 1969, p. 285\\.\n* Georg Tessin: *Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen\\-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg, 1939 – 1945*. Vol. II: *Die Landstreitkräfte 1 – 5*. Mittler: Frankfurt am Main 1966\\.\n* Georg Tessin: *Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen\\-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg, 1939 – 1945*. Vol. III: *Die Landstreitkräfte 6 – 14*. Mittler: Frankfurt am Main 1967\\.\n\n[0\\*002](/wiki/Category:Infantry_divisions_of_Germany_during_World_War_II \"Infantry divisions of Germany during World War II\")\n[Category:Military units and formations established in 1934](/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_established_in_1934 \"Military units and formations established in 1934\")\n[Category:1934 establishments in Germany](/wiki/Category:1934_establishments_in_Germany \"1934 establishments in Germany\")\n[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1941](/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_disestablished_in_1941 \"Military units and formations disestablished in 1941\")\n\n[bg:12\\-та танкова дивизия (Вермахт)](/wiki/bg:12-%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%28%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%29 \"12-та танкова дивизия (Вермахт)\")\n[de:12\\. Panzer\\-Division (Wehrmacht)](/wiki/de:12._Panzer-Division_%28Wehrmacht%29 \"12. Panzer-Division (Wehrmacht)\")\n[ko:독일 12 기갑사단](/wiki/ko:%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_12_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B0%91%EC%82%AC%EB%8B%A8 \"독일 12 기갑사단\")\n[it:12\\. Panzer\\-Division (Wehrmacht)](/wiki/it:12._Panzer-Division_%28Wehrmacht%29 \"12. Panzer-Division (Wehrmacht)\")\n[sv:12\\. Panzer\\-Division](/wiki/sv:12._Panzer-Division \"12. Panzer-Division\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Walter Mathews
|
{
"id": [
7098284
],
"name": [
"Tassedethe"
]
}
|
40porbvily9e22cg8bm7xelcjppne9f
|
2015-06-21T19:25:49Z
| 560,626,427 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Walter Mathews",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**Walter Mathews** may refer to:\n\n* [Walter J. Mathews](/wiki/Walter_J._Mathews \"Walter J. Mathews\") (1850–1947\\), American architect\n* [Walter Mathews (actor)](/wiki/Walter_Mathews_%28actor%29 \"Walter Mathews (actor)\") (1926–2012\\), American character actor\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Walter Matthews (disambiguation)](/wiki/Walter_Matthews_%28disambiguation%29 \"Walter Matthews (disambiguation)\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Marcin Dorociński
|
{
"id": [
45293124
],
"name": [
"Ernsanchez00"
]
}
|
ezel8g8pgvaengsq8t4jy5mlboppmt6
|
2024-09-01T21:36:11Z
| 1,241,819,017 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Career",
"Personal life",
"Filmography",
"Awards and honours",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
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"content": [
"\n\n**Marcin Grzegorz Dorociński** (Polish: ; born 22 June 1973\\) is a Polish [film](/wiki/Film_actor \"Film actor\"), [television](/wiki/Television_actor \"Television actor\") and [stage actor](/wiki/Stage_actor \"Stage actor\"). He is known for playing roles in such films as *[Pitbull](/wiki/Pitbull_%28film%29 \"Pitbull (film)\")* (2005\\), *[Reverse](/wiki/Reverse_%282009_film%29 \"Reverse (2009 film)\")* (2009\\), *[Rose](/wiki/Rose_%282011_film%29 \"Rose (2011 film)\")* (2011\\), *[Jack Strong](/wiki/Jack_Strong_%28film%29 \"Jack Strong (film)\")* (2014\\), *[Hurricane](/wiki/Hurricane_%282018_film%29 \"Hurricane (2018 film)\")* (2018\\) and *[Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One](/wiki/Mission:Impossible_%E2%80%93_Dead_Reckoning_Part_One \"Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One\")* (2023\\) as well as internationally produced TV series *[Spies of Warsaw](/wiki/Spies_of_Warsaw_%28TV_series%29 \"Spies of Warsaw (TV series)\")* (2013\\) and *[The Queen's Gambit](/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit_%28miniseries%29 \"The Queen's Gambit (miniseries)\")* (2020\\).\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nDorociński was born in [Milanówek](/wiki/Milan%C3%B3wek \"Milanówek\") near [Warsaw](/wiki/Warsaw \"Warsaw\") and grew up in a small village Kłudzienko. His father is a blacksmith and his mother is a housewife.[Marcindorocinski.pl](http://www.marcindorocinski.pl/en/marcin.html?hide_tabs=1) He has three brothers, all of whom are police officers.[Gala.pl](http://www.gala.pl/gwiazdy/wywiady/zobacz/artykul/marcin-dorocinski-lubie-dac-sie-uwiesc.html) He dreamt of becoming a professional football player, but he was forced to give up the plan after sustaining a major leg injury. He attended the vocational school in [Grodzisk Mazowiecki](/wiki/Grodzisk_Mazowiecki \"Grodzisk Mazowiecki\") and obtained a machinist certificate.[E\\-teatr.pl](http://www.e-teatr.pl/pl/artykuly/58039.html) The first person to notice his talent for acting was his history teacher, who encouraged him to become an actor. In 1993, he enrolled at the [Aleksander Zelwerowicz State Theatre Academy](/wiki/Aleksander_Zelwerowicz_State_Theatre_Academy \"Aleksander Zelwerowicz State Theatre Academy\").\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nIn his second\\-year at the State Theatre Academy, he was cast as Don Rodrigue in a television adaptation of *[Le Cid](/wiki/Le_Cid \"Le Cid\")* directed by [Krystyna Janda](/wiki/Krystyna_Janda \"Krystyna Janda\"). After graduating from the Academy in 1997, he struggled to find acting jobs at first. He worked as a waiter, a bouncer and took other casual jobs until he was offered a post at the Dramatic Theatre in Warsaw. He has also appeared in several plays in the Ateneum Theatre in Warsaw, in which he is currently employed.\n\n[thumb\\|Dorociński filming in [Sanok](/wiki/Sanok \"Sanok\") on 2013](/wiki/File:02013_Marcin_Doroci%C5%84ski_zu_Dreharbeiten_in_Sanok..JPG \"02013 Marcin Dorociński zu Dreharbeiten in Sanok..JPG\")\nHe played minor roles in multiple television series, before his breakthrough came with the role in Patryk Vega's 2005 film *[Pitbull](/wiki/Pitbull_%28film%29 \"Pitbull (film)\")*, which brought him the [Zbyszek Cybulski Award](/wiki/Zbyszek_Cybulski_Award \"Zbyszek Cybulski Award\"). He is a two\\-time [Polish Film Festival](/wiki/Polish_Film_Festival \"Polish Film Festival\") award winner for his roles in *[Reverse](/wiki/Reverse_%282009_film%29 \"Reverse (2009 film)\")* (2009\\) and *[Rose](/wiki/Rose_%282011_film%29 \"Rose (2011 film)\")* (2011\\).[Filmpolski.pl](https://filmpolski.pl/fp/index.php?osoba=1125760) The latter also earned him the [IFFI Best Actor Award](/wiki/IFFI_Best_Actor_Award_%28Male%29 \"IFFI Best Actor Award (Male)\") at the [43rd International Film Festival of India](/wiki/43rd_International_Film_Festival_of_India \"43rd International Film Festival of India\"). In 2012, he received the [Paszport Polityki](/wiki/Paszport_Polityki \"Paszport Polityki\") award. In 2012, he appeared in [Magdalena Łazarkiewicz](/wiki/Magdalena_%C5%81azarkiewicz \"Magdalena Łazarkiewicz\")'s critically\\-acclaimed TV series *The Deep End* (\"Głęboka woda\") which earned him a nomination for Best Actor Award at the [Monte Carlo Television Festival](/wiki/Monte_Carlo_Television_Festival \"Monte Carlo Television Festival\"). Between 2012 and 2013, Dorociński appeared in a mini\\-series called *[Spies of Warsaw](/wiki/Spies_of_Warsaw_%28TV_series%29 \"Spies of Warsaw (TV series)\")*, co\\-produced by the [BBC](/wiki/BBC \"BBC\") and [Telewizja Polska](/wiki/Telewizja_Polska \"Telewizja Polska\").\n\nIn 2020, he joined the cast of the [Netflix](/wiki/Netflix \"Netflix\") [drama](/wiki/Drama_%28film_and_television%29 \"Drama (film and television)\") [miniseries](/wiki/Miniseries \"Miniseries\") *[The Queen's Gambit](/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit_%28miniseries%29 \"The Queen's Gambit (miniseries)\")* starring [Anya Taylor\\-Joy](/wiki/Anya_Taylor-Joy \"Anya Taylor-Joy\").[Why The Queen's Gambit Cast Seems So Familiar](https://www.eonline.com/uk/news/1210775/why-the-queens-gambit-cast-seems-so-familiar) Based on the 1983 novel by [Walter Tevis](/wiki/Walter_Tevis \"Walter Tevis\") of [the same name](/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit_%28novel%29 \"The Queen's Gambit (novel)\"), the show explores the life of an orphan [chess prodigy](/wiki/Chess_prodigy \"Chess prodigy\") named Beth Harmon from the age of eight to twenty\\-two, as she struggles with addiction in a quest to become a [grandmaster](/wiki/Grandmaster_%28chess%29 \"Grandmaster (chess)\") in chess. Dorociński plays Soviet world chess champion Vasily Borgov.[Netflix's 'The Queen's Gambit' is a Cold War drama with a hopeful takeaway](https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/netflix-s-queen-s-gambit-cold-war-drama-hopeful-takeaway-ncna1244583)[What the Cast of The Queen's Gambit Looks Like In Real Life](https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/g34449262/the-queens-gambit-netflix-cast-real-life/)\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nHe is married to scenic designer Monika Sudół. The couple has a son Stanisław (born 2006\\) and a daughter Janina (born 2008\\). They also brought up Sudół's son from a previous relationship, Jakub.\n\n",
"Filmography\n-----------\n\n[thumb\\|Dorociński with the cast of *Mystery of the Codes Stronghold* (2006\\).](/wiki/File:TajemnicaTwierdzySzyfrow%282006%29.jpg \"TajemnicaTwierdzySzyfrow(2006).jpg\")\n\n* *The Shaman* (*[Szamanka](/wiki/Szamanka \"Szamanka\")*, 1996\\)\n* *Two Killers* (*[Kilerów 2\\-óch](/wiki/Kiler%C3%B3w_2-%C3%B3ch \"Kilerów 2-óch\")*, 1999\\)\n* *Krugerandy* (1999\\)\n* *Torowisko* (1999\\)\n* *Przedwiośnie* (2001\\)\n* *[Where Eskimos Live](/wiki/Where_Eskimos_Live \"Where Eskimos Live\")* (*Tam, gdzie żyją Eskimosi*, 2002\\)\n* *Sfora: Bez litości* (2002\\)\n* *Nienasycenie* (2003\\)\n* *Show* (2003\\)\n* *[Vinci](/wiki/Vinci_%28film%29 \"Vinci (film)\")* (2004\\)\n* *1409\\. Afera na zamku Barnstein* (2005\\)\n* *[Pitbull](/wiki/Pitbull_%28film%29 \"Pitbull (film)\")* (2005\\)\n* *Dzisiaj jest piątek* (2006\\)\n* *Francuski numer* (2006\\)\n* *Wstyd* (2006\\)\n* *[We're All Christs](/wiki/We%27re_All_Christs \"We're All Christs\")* (*Wszyscy jesteśmy Chrystusami*, 2006\\)\n* *[Ogród Luizy](/wiki/Ogr%C3%B3d_Luizy \"Ogród Luizy\")* (2007\\)\n* *Boisko bezdomnych* (2008\\)\n* *Rozmowy nocą* (2008\\)\n* *Idealny facet dla mojej dziewczyny* (2009\\)\n* *Miłość na wybiegu* (2009\\)\n* *[Reverse](/wiki/Reverse_%282009_film%29 \"Reverse (2009 film)\")* (2009\\)\n* *Piątek trzynastego* (2009\\)\n* *[The Woman That Dreamed About a Man](/wiki/The_Woman_That_Dreamed_About_a_Man \"The Woman That Dreamed About a Man\")* (*Kvinden der drømte om en mand*, 2010\\)\n* *Lęk wysokości* (2011\\)\n* *[Rose](/wiki/Rose_%282011_film%29 \"Rose (2011 film)\")* (2011\\)\n* *[Jesteś Bogiem](/wiki/Jeste%C5%9B_Bogiem \"Jesteś Bogiem\")* (2011\\)\n* *[Obława](/wiki/Ob%C5%82awa \"Obława\")* (2012\\)\n* *Miłość* (2012\\)\n* *[Traffic Department](/wiki/Traffic_Department_%28film%29 \"Traffic Department (film)\")* (*Drogówka*, 2013\\)\n* *[Spies of Warsaw](/wiki/Spies_of_Warsaw_%28TV_Series%29 \"Spies of Warsaw (TV Series)\")* (2013\\)\n* *[The Mighty Angel](/wiki/The_Mighty_Angel \"The Mighty Angel\")* (2014\\)\n* *[Jack Strong](/wiki/Jack_Strong_%28film%29 \"Jack Strong (film)\")* (2014\\) as Jack Strong\n* *[Pakt](/wiki/Pakt_%28TV_series%29 \"Pakt (TV series)\")* (2015\\-2016\\)\n* *[Star Wars: The Force Awakens](/wiki/Star_Wars:The_Force_Awakens \"The Force Awakens\")* (2015\\) as [Kylo Ren](/wiki/Kylo_Ren \"Kylo Ren\") (Polish\\-dub)\n* *[Cape Town](/wiki/Cape_Town_%28TV_series%29 \"Cape Town (TV series)\")* (2016\\)\n* *[Anthropoid](/wiki/Anthropoid_%28film%29 \"Anthropoid (film)\")* (2016\\) as Ladislav Vaněk\n* *Dræberne fra Nibe* (2017\\)\n* *[Hurricane](/wiki/Hurricane_%282018_film%29 \"Hurricane (2018 film)\")* (2018\\)\n* *[Playing Hard](/wiki/Playing_Hard_%28film%29 \"Playing Hard (film)\")* (2018\\)\n* *[The Queen's Gambit](/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit_%28miniseries%29 \"The Queen's Gambit (miniseries)\")* (2020\\) as Vasily Borgov\n* *[The In\\-Laws](/wiki/The_In-Laws_%28Polish_film%29 \"The In-Laws (Polish film)\")* (2021\\)\n* *[Vikings: Valhalla](/wiki/Vikings:Valhalla \"Valhalla\")* (2023\\) as [Yaroslav the Wise](/wiki/Yaroslav_the_Wise \"Yaroslav the Wise\")\n* *[Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One](/wiki/Mission:Impossible_%E2%80%93_Dead_Reckoning_Part_One \"Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One\")* (2023\\)\n* *[Ransomed](/wiki/Ransomed \"Ransomed\")* (2023\\) as Hays\n* *[Mayday](/wiki/Mayday_%28upcoming_film%29 \"Mayday (upcoming film)\")* (TBA)\n\n",
"Awards and honours\n------------------\n\n* 2005: [Zbigniew Cybulski Award](/wiki/Zbigniew_Cybulski_Award \"Zbigniew Cybulski Award\") for Best Young Polish Actor\n* 2009: Best Supporting Actor Award at the [Gdynia Film Festival](/wiki/Gdynia_Film_Festival \"Gdynia Film Festival\") for *[Reverse](/wiki/Reverse_%282009_film%29 \"Reverse (2009 film)\")*\n* 2011: Best Actor Award at the [Gdynia Film Festival](/wiki/Gdynia_Film_Festival \"Gdynia Film Festival\") for *[Rose](/wiki/Rose_%282011_film%29 \"Rose (2011 film)\")*\n* 2012: [IFFI Best Actor Award](/wiki/IFFI_Best_Actor_Award_%28Male%29 \"IFFI Best Actor Award (Male)\") at the [43rd International Film Festival of India](/wiki/43rd_International_Film_Festival_of_India \"43rd International Film Festival of India\") for *[Rose](/wiki/Rose_%282011_film%29 \"Rose (2011 film)\")*\n* 2012: [Paszport Polityki](/wiki/Paszport_Polityki \"Paszport Polityki\") in the film category awarded annually by the *[Polityka](/wiki/Polityka \"Polityka\")* weekly magazine\n* 2014: [Silver Medal Gloria Artis](/wiki/Gloria_Artis \"Gloria Artis\"), conferred by the [Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland](/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_National_Heritage_of_the_Republic_of_Poland \"Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland\") [80px](/wiki/File:POL_Srebrny_Medal_Zas%C5%82u%C5%BCony_Kulturze_Gloria_Artis_BAR.png \"POL Srebrny Medal Zasłużony Kulturze Gloria Artis BAR.png\")\n* 2021: Wiktor Award for Best Actor\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Cinema of Poland](/wiki/Cinema_of_Poland \"Cinema of Poland\")\n* [List of Polish actors](/wiki/List_of_Poles%23Entertainment \"List of Poles#Entertainment\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Marcin Dorociński](https://culture.pl/en/artist/marcin-dorocinski), bio on Culture.pl\n* [www.marcindorocinski.pl \\- English version](https://web.archive.org/web/20130303031405/http://www.marcindorocinski.pl/en/marcin.html) Official website\n\n[Category:1973 births](/wiki/Category:1973_births \"1973 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:People from Milanówek](/wiki/Category:People_from_Milan%C3%B3wek \"People from Milanówek\")\n[Category:Male actors from Masovian Voivodeship](/wiki/Category:Male_actors_from_Masovian_Voivodeship \"Male actors from Masovian Voivodeship\")\n[Category:Polish male film actors](/wiki/Category:Polish_male_film_actors \"Polish male film actors\")\n[Category:Polish male stage actors](/wiki/Category:Polish_male_stage_actors \"Polish male stage actors\")\n[Category:IFFI Best Actor (Male) winners](/wiki/Category:IFFI_Best_Actor_%28Male%29_winners \"IFFI Best Actor (Male) winners\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Tapp
|
{
"id": [
40192293
],
"name": [
"Sahaib"
]
}
|
rleyolmjzpdwo82v3n3f1jsz5ewlilg
|
2024-07-09T20:51:00Z
| 1,232,797,983 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Tapp",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**Tapp** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [Alex Tapp](/wiki/Alex_Tapp \"Alex Tapp\") (born 1982\\), English footballer\n* [Alistair Tapp](/wiki/Alistair_Tapp \"Alistair Tapp\") (born 1964\\), English cricketer\n* [Darryl Tapp](/wiki/Darryl_Tapp \"Darryl Tapp\") (born 1984\\), American football player\n* [Gordie Tapp](/wiki/Gordie_Tapp \"Gordie Tapp\"), Canadian singer\n* [Hannah Tapp](/wiki/Hannah_Tapp \"Hannah Tapp\") (born 1995\\), American volleyball player\n* [Ian Tapp](/wiki/Ian_Tapp \"Ian Tapp\"), English sound engineer\n* [Jake Tapp](/wiki/Jake_Tapp \"Jake Tapp\") (born 1988\\), Canadian swimmer\n* [Jimmy Tapp](/wiki/Jimmy_Tapp \"Jimmy Tapp\") (1918–2004\\), Canadian radio personality\n* [Johnny Tapp](/wiki/Johnny_Tapp \"Johnny Tapp\") (born 1941\\), Australian racecaller\n* [Mike Tapp](/wiki/Mike_Tapp \"Mike Tapp\"), British politician\n* [Margaret and Seana Tapp](/wiki/Murders_of_Margaret_and_Seana_Tapp \"Murders of Margaret and Seana Tapp\"), Australian murder victims\n* [Nigel Tapp](/wiki/Nigel_Tapp \"Nigel Tapp\") (1904–1991\\), British Army general\n* [Paige (Tapp) Sander](/wiki/Paige_Sander \"Paige Sander\") (born 1995\\), American volleyball player\n\n**Fictional characters:**\n* [David Tapp](/wiki/David_Tapp \"David Tapp\"), character from the *Saw* franchise\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Tapp Surname, Family Crest \\& Coat of Arms](https://www.houseofnames.com/tapp-family-crest)\n* [Tapp Family History](http://www.archives.com/genealogy/family-history-tapp.html)\n\n"
]
}
|
National Council of American Indians
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"129.242.129.238"
]
}
|
1djyhh8x7tjbvp7vki07eulphwv6v4b
|
2024-05-06T07:51:42Z
| 1,191,082,834 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Organization",
"Zitkala-Ša and Raymond Bonnin’s Contributions",
"Purpose",
"Advocacy",
"Death of Zitkála-Šá",
"Legacy",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
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"content": [
"[thumb\\|National Council of American Indians Insignia](/wiki/File:NCAI_Insignia.png \"NCAI Insignia.png\")\n[thumb\\|Zitkála\\-Šá, President of the National Council of American Indians](/wiki/File:Zitkala-Sa_%28side_face%29.jpg \"Zitkala-Sa (side face).jpg\")\nThe **National Council of American Indians** **(NCAI)** was established in February 1926\\. This organization's purpose was to advocate for Native American rights and representation before the United States government. \n\nThe National Council of American Indians focused on the Legislative Branch and their Congressional bills. The council's initial concerns included the H.R. 7826; a bill that would give Congress the power to jail any Indian for six months without trial or any court review. In addition to this, this bill would enforce a $100\\.00 fine every time a rule was broken within the time served in prison, as outlined by the regulations.\n\nThe beginnings of inquiry about this council began with [Zitkála\\-Šá](/wiki/Zitkala-Sa \"Zitkala-Sa\") (also known as Gertrude Bonnin) and Theodora Cunningham on March 1, 1926\\. Zitkála\\-Šá, along with her husband Raymond Bonnin, founded the National Council of American Indians. They both were [Yankton Sioux](/wiki/Dakota_people \"Dakota people\") Indigenous people. Zitkála\\-Šá and Raymond Bonnin's contributions to the National Council of American Indians started with its establishment as well as its leadership.\n\n",
"Organization\n------------\n\nZitkála\\-Šá wanted the Native American population to become more informed about the persecution within Congress. After a heated House Committee meeting with Representative William Williamson, there was disagreement of how Native Americans wanted to be treated within American society. During the committee meeting, Williamson argued that Native Americans wanted the H.R. 7826 law to be passed. Zitkála\\-Šá a and her husband Raymond Bonnin fought against this bill to be passed. In response to this Committee meeting, multiple Indian national representatives formed the National Council of American Indians, and made Zitkála\\-Šá the president.\n\nThe other members of the National Council of American Indians included: Vice President Joshua Wetsit, Executive Secretary Treasurer Meade Steele, and Counsellor General R.T. Bonnin (Raymond Bonnin).The tribes included in the National Council of American Indians included the Apache, Assiniboine, Comanche, Chippewa, Crow, Kiowa, Klamath, Miami, Oneida, Osage, Ponca, Sioux, and Utes. As time went on, more tribes were represented through individual memberships and chapters across the United States.\n\nWhile there were many Indigenous nations represented, Zitkála\\-Šá and Raymond Bonnin were represented in legal representation and visibility, because of their leadership roles with the council. Not all Native American tribes were able to be represented and the National Council of American Indians documents only showed the names of the tribes who agreed to be on the council. Both Zitkála\\-Šá and Raymond Bonnin corresponded with people across the United States as well as traveled to publicize the NCAI as legitimate way to keep the U.S. government responsible.\n\n",
"Zitkala\\-Ša and Raymond Bonnin’s Contributions\n----------------------------------------------\n\n[alt\\=\\|left\\|thumb\\|Zitkála\\-Šá by [Gertrude Käsebier](/wiki/Gertrude_K%C3%A4sebier \"Gertrude Käsebier\"), 1898](/wiki/File:Zitkala-Sa.jpg \"Zitkala-Sa.jpg\")\nZitkála\\-Šá was also a member of the League of American Penwomen, and their mantra was \"who’s who in the nation’s capital, 1927\" which informed its members role of Congress and gained access to information about Congressmen in Washington D.C. The League of American Penwomen was an organization started in 1897 by [Marian Longfellow O'Donoghue](/wiki/Marian_Longfellow_O%27Donoghue \"Marian Longfellow O'Donoghue\"). This organization would later help with connecting Zitkála\\-Šá's activism later in life. In a letter from March 5, 1928, Zitkála\\-Šá informed the delegation about the important members of the House Committee on Indian Affairs and specifically whom to speak to. In addition to this, she also advocated for the passing of H.R. 9315\\. In Section 2 of this bill, it would prohibit the unlawful jailing of Indians and permit them the due process of law as well as providing special law enforcement on the reservation.\n\nZitkála\\-Šá's dedication for Native American rights was shown through her participation with the *American Indian* magazine, [Old Indian Legends](/wiki/Old_Indian_Legends \"Old Indian Legends\"), among other artistic projects. She was also a member of the [Society of American Indians](/wiki/Society_of_American_Indians \"Society of American Indians\"), created in 1911, which influenced the creation of the Council of American Indians. Zitkála\\-Šá would go on to become an accomplished author of many articles and stories as well as an opera. Her work with the [Bureau of Indian Affairs](/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs \"Bureau of Indian Affairs\") was vital for the continued activism for Native Americans within the United States government.\n\nRaymond Bonnin was culturally [Yankton](/wiki/Yankton_Sioux_Tribe \"Yankton Sioux Tribe\") and Dakota Yankton and was assigned to work for the [Uintah\\-Ouray reservation](/wiki/Uintah_and_Ouray_Indian_Reservation \"Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation\"), where they worked at fourteen years. He also overtook the position of Executive Secretary\\-Treasurer in 1929, after Meade Steele. He also was able to fight alongside Zitkála\\-Šá for the rights of the National Council of American Indians. At his funeral, [Ernest Wilkinson](/wiki/Ernest_L._Wilkinson \"Ernest L. Wilkinson\"), President of Brigham Young University and prominent leader in the [Church of Jesus Christ of Latter\\-Day Saints](/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints \"The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\") gave the eulogy. Wilkinson was the lawyer Raymond worked with to progress Indigenous lands claims through the U.S. court system.\n\n",
"Purpose\n-------\n\nOn the official documentation, the purpose of the National Council of American Indians was, \"Help Indians help themselves in protecting their rights and priorities.\" The work of the National Council of American Indians at this time was to track legislation through Congress that involved Native Americans.\n\n\"For the protection and preservation of all Indian People\" was the mantra for the National Council of American Indians. This phrase concentrated Zitkála\\-Šá ’s efforts and the ability to spread information to other Native Americans. When concerning what their purpose should be, Zitkála\\-Šá said, \"We must resort to this means of mutual protection sooner or later; and we must not fuss or find fault with minor things; but all look to the big things that are possible of accomplishment if we truly unite our forces; If the Indian people want to live; and want their children to live, they must ORGANIZE; therefore they must join us.\" Zitkála\\-Šá was one of many who drove the fight for Native American rights through organization as well as the spreading of information.\n\n",
"Advocacy\n--------\n\n[thumb\\|An example of policies and laws Zitkála\\-Šá would be referring to in her activism work](/wiki/File:US_Code_Section_25.pdf \"US Code Section 25.pdf\")\nIn addition to fighting against discriminatory action against Native Americans, the National Council of American Indians also promoted voting rights among tribes. When concerned with the language of the H.R. 7826 bill, Zitkála\\-Šá said, \"A man like Williamson should not be in Congress and you Indians out there should see to it that he does not get re\\-elected. You should all register and vote against him.\" The National Council of American Indians was able to tract the bills concerning Native American rights because of Zitkála\\-Šá's ties to the League of American Penwomen.\n\nIn addition to H.R. 7826, the council also advocated for the H.R. 9315 bill, and raised attention to the need for land rights. From February 1926 to the early 1930s, the NCAI was able to work steadily to gain lands claims for various tribes across the United States, because of Raymond Bonnin's extensive legal work.\n\nZitkála\\-Šá and others in the NCAI lobbied congress members, local representatives, friends, and families, to become educated and involved in Indigenous land claims, sovereignty rights, and social problems.\n\n",
"Death of Zitkála\\-Šá\n--------------------\n\nZitkála\\-Šá died at the age of sixty\\-one on January 26, 1938, and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery under the name Gertrude Simmons Bonnin. Her funeral was in a chapel for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter\\-Day Saints. Her family experienced many illnesses including her son as well as the serious grief of Raymond Bonnin.\n\nRaymond Bonnin worked closely with Ernest Wilkinson to submit claims cases to Congress after Zitkála\\-Šá ’s death. When writing about her legacy to others, he said, \"She had always wanted me to go on working in the event that she should go first and so I am trying to do the things that I know she would have done had she been here. It is not easy to go on without her. She and I always worked in everything side by side, her interests were my interests and she never failed to help me whole heartedly in my work.\"\n\nIn March 1938, Raymond Bonnin was still Secretary\\-Treasurer and \"sole\\-surviving officer\" of the National Council; he wrote to the Third Assistant Postmaster General that the council was still in existence. He was determined to keep her work and legacy alive. However, the council was not able to survive because of tax exemption complications as well as the poverty of the members and lack of outside funding. At no time had the Council exceeded the amount of $1300 in any one year, and these funds were used for the basic needs of the organization; including stationery and office rent. After Raymond Bonnin's death, there was no succession of leadership within the National Council of American Indians. The National Council of American Indians, Inc. ended with the Bonnins in 1942\\.\n\n",
"Legacy\n------\n\n[thumb\\|264x264px\\|First Meeting of the National Congress of American Indians](/wiki/File:Representatives_of_various_tribes_attending_organizational_meeting_of_the_National_Congress_of_American_Indians..._-_NARA_-_298658.jpg \"Representatives of various tribes attending organizational meeting of the National Congress of American Indians... - NARA - 298658.jpg\")\n[The National Congress of American Indians](/wiki/The_National_Congress_of_American_Indians \"The National Congress of American Indians\") was created on November 17, 1944\\. The National Council of American Indians and the National Congress of American Indians in purposes and activism both advocate for the progression of Native Americans within the United States. After the death of Zitkála\\-Šá and Raymond Bonnin, there was not a replacement of leadership. This caused the council to dissolve and the National Congress of American Indians was founded in 1944 and advocates for Native Americans through various initiatives.\n\nThe current concerns of the National Congress of American Indians include community and culture; economic development and commerce; education, health, and human services; land and natural resources; and tribal governance. As of April 2019, the NCAI responded to an EPA legislation, proposing to revise the definition of water rights within the United States. Other legal filings are associated with the Tribal Supreme Court Project.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [\"About NCAI \\- NCAI.\" n.d. Organization. National Congress of American Indians. Accessed November 9, 2019](http://www.ncai.org/about-ncai)\n* Gertrude and Raymond Bonnin Collection, MSS 1704, Box 3, Folder 3, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.\n* Gertrude and Raymond Bonnin Collection, MSS 1704, Box 9, Folder 17, item 1–2,5,7, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.\n* [\"1944: National Congress of American Indians established\". Native Peoples’ Concepts of Health and Illnes](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/nativevoices/timeline/472.html)\n* [Amherst College Digital Collections. \"Constitution and by\\-laws of National Council of American Indians\" E91\\. N38 192](https://acdc.amherst.edu/view/asc:407646/asc:407685)\n* [The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. \"Zitkala\\-Sa\". Encyclopedia Britannica](https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Council-of-American-Indians)\n* [Galloway, Sharon M. \"State Indian Commissions\". Hathi Trust Digital Library](https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000053133207&view=1up&seq=7)\n* Hafen, Jane P. *Help Indians Help Themselves*: [Gertrude Bonnin](/wiki/Zitkala-Sa \"Zitkala-Sa\"), the SAI, and the NCAI.\" American Indian Quarterly 37, no. 3 (2013\\): 199\\-218\\. doi:10\\.5250/amerindiquar.37\\.3\\.0199\\.\n* Johnson, David L., and Raymond Wilson. \"Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, 1876\\-1938: \"Americanize the First American\".\" American Indian Quarterly 12, no. 1 (1988\\): 27–40\\. doi:10\\.2307/1183785\\.\n* [La Vere, David. Review of Red Power Rising: The National Indian Youth Council and the Origins of Native Activism. Southwestern Historical Quarterly 115, no. 4 (2012\\): 417\\-418\\. doi:10\\.1353/swh.2012\\.0036\\.](https://muse-jhu-edu.erl.lib.byu.edu/article/471361)\n* [Native Americans and the New Deal: The Office Files of John Collier, 1933\\-1945\\. \" Scrapbook Fragments of American Indian Life Excerpts (Bulletin of the American Indian Defense Association).\" 1927, January. National Archives Building, Washington, D.C., Record Group 75, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Records of the Office of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Entry 178: Office File of Commissioner John Collier](https://congressional.proquest.com/histvault?q=002126-018-0592)\n* [Newmark, Julianne. \"Claims to Political Place through the National Council of American Indians: Locating Gertrude and Raymond Bonnin in the Nation's Capital.\" Modern Language Studies 45, no. 1 (2015\\): 68\\-93](http://www.jstor.org/stable/24616767)\n* [Washburn, Kathleen. \"New Indians and Indigenous Archives.\" PMLA 127, no. 2 (2012\\): 380\\-84\\.](http://www.jstor.org/stable/41616831)\n\n[Category:Native American rights organizations](/wiki/Category:Native_American_rights_organizations \"Native American rights organizations\")\n[Category:Organizations established in 1926](/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_1926 \"Organizations established in 1926\")\n[Category:Organizations disestablished in 1938](/wiki/Category:Organizations_disestablished_in_1938 \"Organizations disestablished in 1938\")\n[Category:1926 establishments in the United States](/wiki/Category:1926_establishments_in_the_United_States \"1926 establishments in the United States\")\n[Category:1938 disestablishments in the United States](/wiki/Category:1938_disestablishments_in_the_United_States \"1938 disestablishments in the United States\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Chesson Hadley
|
{
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26583996
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"name": [
"Jimmymci234"
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|
e3figvpltyfzobhmb9bbqoyu8awqi54
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2024-10-09T12:35:53Z
| 1,235,067,519 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Amateur career",
"Professional career",
"Personal life",
"Professional wins (6)",
"PGA Tour wins (1)",
"Web.com Tour wins (4)",
"eGolf Professional Tour wins (1)",
"Results in major championships",
"Results in The Players Championship",
"U.S. national team appearances",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
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"\n\n**Chesson Tyler Hadley** (born July 5, 1987\\) is an American [professional golfer](/wiki/Professional_golfer \"Professional golfer\") who plays on the [PGA Tour](/wiki/PGA_Tour \"PGA Tour\").\n\n",
"Amateur career\n--------------\n\nHadley was born in [Raleigh, North Carolina](/wiki/Raleigh%2C_North_Carolina \"Raleigh, North Carolina\"), on July 5, 1987, to Russell and Edna Ruth Hadley. He started playing golf at [North Ridge Country Club](/wiki/North_Ridge_Country_Club \"North Ridge Country Club\") and then for his high school, [North Raleigh Christian Academy](/wiki/North_Raleigh_Christian_Academy \"North Raleigh Christian Academy\"). He played college golf at [Georgia Tech](/wiki/Georgia_Tech \"Georgia Tech\") where he was a three\\-time [All\\-American](/wiki/All-American \"All-American\") and won two events, including the 2010 [Atlantic Coast Conference](/wiki/Atlantic_Coast_Conference \"Atlantic Coast Conference\") championship. He played on the 2008 [Palmer Cup](/wiki/Arnold_Palmer_Cup \"Arnold Palmer Cup\") team.\n\n",
"Professional career\n-------------------\n\nHadley turned professional in 2010\\. He played on the [Web.com Tour](/wiki/Web.com_Tour \"Web.com Tour\") in 2013 and won his first tour event in June at the [Rex Hospital Open](/wiki/Rex_Hospital_Open \"Rex Hospital Open\"). He finished third on the 2013 Web.com Tour regular season money list to earn his 2014 PGA Tour card.\n\nHadley captured his first PGA Tour win on March 9, 2014 with a two\\-shot victory in the [Puerto Rico Open](/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Open \"Puerto Rico Open\") played at the Trump International course. Hadley shot a tournament record 21\\-under and earned $630,000\\. He also earned a two\\-year tour exemption and spots in [The Players Championship](/wiki/The_Players_Championship \"The Players Championship\"), [PGA Championship](/wiki/PGA_Championship \"PGA Championship\"), and [Hyundai Tournament of Champions](/wiki/Hyundai_Tournament_of_Champions \"Hyundai Tournament of Champions\").\n\nHadley ranked 49th in the [2014 FedEx Cup Playoffs](/wiki/2014_FedEx_Cup_Playoffs \"2014 FedEx Cup Playoffs\") including finishing 9th at the [Deutsche Bank Championship](/wiki/Deutsche_Bank_Championship \"Deutsche Bank Championship\"). He also won the [PGA Tour Rookie of the Year](/wiki/PGA_Tour_Rookie_of_the_Year \"PGA Tour Rookie of the Year\").\n\nHadley lost his PGA Tour card at the end of the 2016 season and dropped back to the Web.com Tour. His third career win on that tour, in July 2017 at the [LECOM Health Challenge](/wiki/LECOM_Health_Challenge \"LECOM Health Challenge\"), ensured his return to the PGA Tour. He picked up another win in September at the [Albertsons Boise Open](/wiki/Albertsons_Boise_Open \"Albertsons Boise Open\"). He was the [Web.com Tour Finals](/wiki/Web.com_Tour_Finals \"Web.com Tour Finals\") winner and the overall money winner and was voted [Web.com Tour Player of the Year](/wiki/Web.com_Tour_Player_of_the_Year \"Web.com Tour Player of the Year\").\n\nIn June 2021, Hadley led the [Palmetto Championship](/wiki/Palmetto_Championship \"Palmetto Championship\") by four strokes heading into the final round. Hadley ended up bogeying his last three holes of the day to shoot 75 and lose by one stroke to [Garrick Higgo](/wiki/Garrick_Higgo \"Garrick Higgo\"). Hadley ended up in a six\\-way tie for second place. Hadley finished the season with the 125th and final fully exempt position in the FedEx Cup standings.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nHadley married wife Amanda on July 17, 2010; the couple has one son, Hughes, and one daughter, Hollins. Hadley is naturally left\\-handed but plays right\\-handed.\n\n",
"Professional wins (6\\)\n----------------------\n\n### PGA Tour wins (1\\)\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runner\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nMar 9, [2014](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_PGA_Tour \"2013–14 PGA Tour\")\n\n [Puerto Rico Open](/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Open \"Puerto Rico Open\") |\n −21 (68\\-65\\-67\\-67\\=267\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Danny Lee](/wiki/Danny_Lee_%28golfer%29 \"Danny Lee (golfer)\") |\n\n### Web.com Tour wins (4\\)\n\n| Legend |\n| --- |\n| Finals events (2\\) |\n| Other Web.com Tour (2\\) |\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runner(s)\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nJun 23, [2013](/wiki/2013_Web.com_Tour \"2013 Web.com Tour\")\n\n [Rex Hospital Open](/wiki/Rex_Hospital_Open \"Rex Hospital Open\") |\n −19 (63\\-69\\-69\\-64\\=265\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Danny Lee](/wiki/Danny_Lee_%28golfer%29 \"Danny Lee (golfer)\") |\n|2\n\nSep 29, 2013\n\n [Web.com Tour Championship](/wiki/Web.com_Tour_Championship \"Web.com Tour Championship\") |\n −10 (65\\-66\\-70\\-69\\=270\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Brad Fritsch](/wiki/Brad_Fritsch \"Brad Fritsch\"), [Scott Gardiner](/wiki/Scott_Gardiner \"Scott Gardiner\"), [John Peterson](/wiki/John_Peterson_%28golfer%29 \"John Peterson (golfer)\"), [Brendon Todd](/wiki/Brendon_Todd \"Brendon Todd\") |\n|3\n\nJul 9, [2017](/wiki/2017_Web.com_Tour \"2017 Web.com Tour\")\n\n [LECOM Health Challenge](/wiki/LECOM_Health_Challenge \"LECOM Health Challenge\") |\n −23 (69\\-67\\-64\\-65\\=265\\) |\n 1 stroke |\n [Beau Hossler](/wiki/Beau_Hossler \"Beau Hossler\") |\n|4\n\nSep 17, 2017\n\n [Albertsons Boise Open](/wiki/Albertsons_Boise_Open \"Albertsons Boise Open\") |\n −16 (67\\-68\\-68\\-65\\=268\\) |\n 1 stroke |\n [Ted Potter Jr.](/wiki/Ted_Potter_Jr. \"Ted Potter Jr.\"), [Jonathan Randolph](/wiki/Jonathan_Randolph \"Jonathan Randolph\") |\n\n**Web.com Tour playoff record (0–2\\)**\n\n| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponent(s) | Result |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n1\n\n [2017](/wiki/2017_Web.com_Tour \"2017 Web.com Tour\") |\n [Rex Hospital Open](/wiki/Rex_Hospital_Open \"Rex Hospital Open\") |\n [Conrad Shindler](/wiki/Conrad_Shindler \"Conrad Shindler\") |\n Lost to par on first extra hole |\n2\n\n 2017 |\n [DAP Championship](/wiki/DAP_Championship \"DAP Championship\") |\n [Nicholas Lindheim](/wiki/Nicholas_Lindheim \"Nicholas Lindheim\"), [Rob Oppenheim](/wiki/Rob_Oppenheim \"Rob Oppenheim\") |\n Lindheim won with birdie on first extra hole |\n\n### eGolf Professional Tour wins (1\\)\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runners\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nJul 21, [2012](/wiki/2012_eGolf_Professional_Tour \"2012 eGolf Professional Tour\")\n\n River Landing Open |\n −17 (65\\-68\\-67\\-71\\=271\\) |\n 4 strokes |\n [David Robinson](/wiki/David_Robinson_%28golfer%29 \"David Robinson (golfer)\"), [Alan Wagner](/wiki/Alan_Wagner_%28golfer%29 \"Alan Wagner (golfer)\") |\n\n",
"### PGA Tour wins (1\\)\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runner\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nMar 9, [2014](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_PGA_Tour \"2013–14 PGA Tour\")\n\n [Puerto Rico Open](/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Open \"Puerto Rico Open\") |\n −21 (68\\-65\\-67\\-67\\=267\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Danny Lee](/wiki/Danny_Lee_%28golfer%29 \"Danny Lee (golfer)\") |\n\n",
"### Web.com Tour wins (4\\)\n\n| Legend |\n| --- |\n| Finals events (2\\) |\n| Other Web.com Tour (2\\) |\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runner(s)\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nJun 23, [2013](/wiki/2013_Web.com_Tour \"2013 Web.com Tour\")\n\n [Rex Hospital Open](/wiki/Rex_Hospital_Open \"Rex Hospital Open\") |\n −19 (63\\-69\\-69\\-64\\=265\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Danny Lee](/wiki/Danny_Lee_%28golfer%29 \"Danny Lee (golfer)\") |\n|2\n\nSep 29, 2013\n\n [Web.com Tour Championship](/wiki/Web.com_Tour_Championship \"Web.com Tour Championship\") |\n −10 (65\\-66\\-70\\-69\\=270\\) |\n 2 strokes |\n [Brad Fritsch](/wiki/Brad_Fritsch \"Brad Fritsch\"), [Scott Gardiner](/wiki/Scott_Gardiner \"Scott Gardiner\"), [John Peterson](/wiki/John_Peterson_%28golfer%29 \"John Peterson (golfer)\"), [Brendon Todd](/wiki/Brendon_Todd \"Brendon Todd\") |\n|3\n\nJul 9, [2017](/wiki/2017_Web.com_Tour \"2017 Web.com Tour\")\n\n [LECOM Health Challenge](/wiki/LECOM_Health_Challenge \"LECOM Health Challenge\") |\n −23 (69\\-67\\-64\\-65\\=265\\) |\n 1 stroke |\n [Beau Hossler](/wiki/Beau_Hossler \"Beau Hossler\") |\n|4\n\nSep 17, 2017\n\n [Albertsons Boise Open](/wiki/Albertsons_Boise_Open \"Albertsons Boise Open\") |\n −16 (67\\-68\\-68\\-65\\=268\\) |\n 1 stroke |\n [Ted Potter Jr.](/wiki/Ted_Potter_Jr. \"Ted Potter Jr.\"), [Jonathan Randolph](/wiki/Jonathan_Randolph \"Jonathan Randolph\") |\n\n**Web.com Tour playoff record (0–2\\)**\n\n| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponent(s) | Result |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\n1\n\n [2017](/wiki/2017_Web.com_Tour \"2017 Web.com Tour\") |\n [Rex Hospital Open](/wiki/Rex_Hospital_Open \"Rex Hospital Open\") |\n [Conrad Shindler](/wiki/Conrad_Shindler \"Conrad Shindler\") |\n Lost to par on first extra hole |\n2\n\n 2017 |\n [DAP Championship](/wiki/DAP_Championship \"DAP Championship\") |\n [Nicholas Lindheim](/wiki/Nicholas_Lindheim \"Nicholas Lindheim\"), [Rob Oppenheim](/wiki/Rob_Oppenheim \"Rob Oppenheim\") |\n Lindheim won with birdie on first extra hole |\n\n",
"### eGolf Professional Tour wins (1\\)\n\n| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin ofvictory | Runners\\-up |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|1\n\nJul 21, [2012](/wiki/2012_eGolf_Professional_Tour \"2012 eGolf Professional Tour\")\n\n River Landing Open |\n −17 (65\\-68\\-67\\-71\\=271\\) |\n 4 strokes |\n [David Robinson](/wiki/David_Robinson_%28golfer%29 \"David Robinson (golfer)\"), [Alan Wagner](/wiki/Alan_Wagner_%28golfer%29 \"Alan Wagner (golfer)\") |\n\n",
"Results in major championships\n------------------------------\n\n*Results not in chronological order in 2020\\.*\n\n|Tournament\n\n 2014 |\n 2015 |\n 2016 |\n 2017 |\n 2018 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|[Masters Tournament](/wiki/Masters_Tournament \"Masters Tournament\")\n\n|[U.S. Open](/wiki/U.S._Open_%28golf%29 \"U.S. Open (golf)\")\n\n CUT |\n|[The Open Championship](/wiki/The_Open_Championship \"The Open Championship\")\n\n CUT |\n\n CUT |\n|[PGA Championship](/wiki/PGA_Championship \"PGA Championship\")\n\n CUT |\n T61 |\n\n CUT |\n\n|Tournament\n\n 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|[Masters Tournament](/wiki/Masters_Tournament \"Masters Tournament\")\n\n|[PGA Championship](/wiki/PGA_Championship \"PGA Championship\")\n\n CUT |\n\n|[U.S. Open](/wiki/U.S._Open_%28golf%29 \"U.S. Open (golf)\")\n\nT9\n\n T51 |\n\n CUT |\n|[The Open Championship](/wiki/The_Open_Championship \"The Open Championship\")\n\nNT\n\n |\n\nCUT \\= missed the half\\-way cut \n\n\"T\" indicates a tie for a place \n\nNT \\= no tournament\n\n",
"Results in The Players Championship\n-----------------------------------\n\n|Tournament\n\n 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|[The Players Championship](/wiki/The_Players_Championship \"The Players Championship\")\n\n CUT |\n T24 |\n CUT |\n\n T11 |\n CUT |\nC\n\n T63 |\n T44 |\n CUT |\n\nCUT \\= missed the halfway cut \n\n\"T\" indicates a tie for a place \n\nC \\= Canceled after the first round due to the [COVID\\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic \"COVID-19 pandemic\")\n\n",
"U.S. national team appearances\n------------------------------\n\n**Amateur**\n* [Palmer Cup](/wiki/Arnold_Palmer_Cup \"Arnold Palmer Cup\"): [2008](/wiki/2008_Palmer_Cup \"2008 Palmer Cup\")\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [2013 Web.com Tour Finals graduates](/wiki/2013_Web.com_Tour_Finals_graduates \"2013 Web.com Tour Finals graduates\")\n* [2017 Web.com Tour Finals graduates](/wiki/2017_Web.com_Tour_Finals_graduates \"2017 Web.com Tour Finals graduates\")\n* [List of golfers with most Web.com Tour wins](/wiki/List_of_golfers_with_most_Web.com_Tour_wins \"List of golfers with most Web.com Tour wins\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Had's corner](https://web.archive.org/web/20190205022430/https://www.hadscorner.com/) Hadley's personal blog\n\n[Category:American male golfers](/wiki/Category:American_male_golfers \"American male golfers\")\n[Category:Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's golfers](/wiki/Category:Georgia_Tech_Yellow_Jackets_men%27s_golfers \"Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's golfers\")\n[Category:PGA Tour golfers](/wiki/Category:PGA_Tour_golfers \"PGA Tour golfers\")\n[Category:Korn Ferry Tour graduates](/wiki/Category:Korn_Ferry_Tour_graduates \"Korn Ferry Tour graduates\")\n[Category:Golfers from Raleigh, North Carolina](/wiki/Category:Golfers_from_Raleigh%2C_North_Carolina \"Golfers from Raleigh, North Carolina\")\n[Category:1987 births](/wiki/Category:1987_births \"1987 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Michel Sorin
|
{
"id": [
29463730
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"name": [
"PrimeBOT"
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|
is39ywg29afyq52q3ll8qdp9x25rbip
|
2024-10-16T00:46:06Z
| 1,164,116,170 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Personal life",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Michel Sorin** (born 18 September 1961\\) is a French [football](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\") manager and former player who is an assistant manager of [Olympique Lyonnais Féminin](/wiki/Olympique_Lyonnais_F%C3%A9minin \"Olympique Lyonnais Féminin\"). He managed the [Benin national team](/wiki/Benin_national_football_team \"Benin national football team\") and—from 2011 to 2019—was the head coach of [AS Vitré](/wiki/AS_Vitr%C3%A9 \"AS Vitré\").\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nSorin was born in [Cossé\\-le\\-Vivien](/wiki/Coss%C3%A9-le-Vivien \"Cossé-le-Vivien\"). His sons [Arthur Sorin](/wiki/Arthur_Sorin \"Arthur Sorin\") and [Eliott Sorin](/wiki/Eliott_Sorin \"Eliott Sorin\") are also footballers and started their youth career at [Rennes](/wiki/Stade_Rennais_F.C. \"Stade Rennais F.C.\"), where he used to play.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1961 births](/wiki/Category:1961_births \"1961 births\")\n[Category:French men's footballers](/wiki/Category:French_men%27s_footballers \"French men's footballers\")\n[Category:Stade Lavallois players](/wiki/Category:Stade_Lavallois_players \"Stade Lavallois players\")\n[Category:Stade Rennais F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Stade_Rennais_F.C._players \"Stade Rennais F.C. players\")\n[Category:Stade Brestois 29 players](/wiki/Category:Stade_Brestois_29_players \"Stade Brestois 29 players\")\n[Category:Ligue 1 players](/wiki/Category:Ligue_1_players \"Ligue 1 players\")\n[Category:Ligue 2 players](/wiki/Category:Ligue_2_players \"Ligue 2 players\")\n[Category:French expatriate men's footballers](/wiki/Category:French_expatriate_men%27s_footballers \"French expatriate men's footballers\")\n[Category:Requins de l'Atlantique FC managers](/wiki/Category:Requins_de_l%27Atlantique_FC_managers \"Requins de l'Atlantique FC managers\")\n[Category:Benin national football team managers](/wiki/Category:Benin_national_football_team_managers \"Benin national football team managers\")\n[Category:Men's association football defenders](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_defenders \"Men's association football defenders\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Mayenne](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Mayenne \"Sportspeople from Mayenne\")\n[Category:French football managers](/wiki/Category:French_football_managers \"French football managers\")\n[Category:Footballers from Pays de la Loire](/wiki/Category:Footballers_from_Pays_de_la_Loire \"Footballers from Pays de la Loire\")\n\n"
]
}
|
George Latham Fletcher
|
{
"id": [
753665
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"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
}
|
267ouv6f4zndk8abmdiytmwrhh42h5u
|
2024-04-19T05:53:12Z
| 1,196,583,854 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**George Latham Fletcher** (May 19, 1874 – March 23, 1929\\) was an American jurist and [Democratic](/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Democratic Party (United States)\") politician. \nGeorge L. Fletcher studied law at the University of Virginia. After graduation in 1898, Fletcher practiced law.\n\nPrior to spending a number of years as a state circuit court judge, he served as a member of the [Virginia Senate](/wiki/Virginia_Senate \"Virginia Senate\"), representing the state's [11th district](/wiki/Virginia_Senate%2C_District_11 \"Virginia Senate, District 11\") from 1908 to 1916\\.\nFletcher's father\\-in\\-law was [Marshall F. Moore](/wiki/Marshall_F._Moore \"Marshall F. Moore\"), a [Union](/wiki/Union_%28American_Civil_War%29 \"Union (American Civil War)\") military officer and former governor of [Washington Territory](/wiki/Washington_Territory \"Washington Territory\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1874 births](/wiki/Category:1874_births \"1874 births\")\n[Category:1929 deaths](/wiki/Category:1929_deaths \"1929 deaths\")\n[Category:Democratic Party Virginia state senators](/wiki/Category:Democratic_Party_Virginia_state_senators \"Democratic Party Virginia state senators\")\n[Category:People from Warrenton, Virginia](/wiki/Category:People_from_Warrenton%2C_Virginia \"People from Warrenton, Virginia\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American judges](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_judges \"20th-century American judges\")\n[Category:20th\\-century American legislators](/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_legislators \"20th-century American legislators\")\n[Category:University of Richmond alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Richmond_alumni \"University of Richmond alumni\")\n[Category:University of Virginia School of Law alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law_alumni \"University of Virginia School of Law alumni\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Virginia politicians](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Virginia_politicians \"20th-century Virginia politicians\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Bessik Khamashuridze
|
{
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
}
|
mjjm1cwt6ou5v09ms8186faszrnjy3j
|
2024-04-16T12:43:33Z
| 1,219,214,912 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Bessik Khamashuridze** (; born 14 August 1977, in [Kutaisi](/wiki/Kutaisi \"Kutaisi\")) is a former Georgian rugby union player and a current coach. He played as a fullback.\n\nKhamashuridze played for [Rugby Club Cannes Mandelieu](/wiki/Rugby_Club_Cannes_Mandelieu \"Rugby Club Cannes Mandelieu\"), in [France](/wiki/France \"France\").\n\nHe had 59 caps for [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_national_rugby_union_team \"Georgia national rugby union team\"), from 1998 to 2011, scoring 14 tries, 70 points on aggregate. He was called for the [2003 Rugby World Cup](/wiki/2003_Rugby_World_Cup \"2003 Rugby World Cup\"), playing in all the four games, and for the [2007 Rugby World Cup](/wiki/2007_Rugby_World_Cup \"2007 Rugby World Cup\"), playing in three games. He never scored in his two presences at the major international rugby union competition. He played at the [2011 Rugby World Cup](/wiki/2011_Rugby_World_Cup \"2011 Rugby World Cup\") qualifyings but was left outside the final squad.[Besik Khamashuridze International Statistics](http://www.espnscrum.com/scrum/rugby/player/12783.html)\n\nHe is the current coach of [RC AIA Kutaisi](/wiki/RC_AIA_Kutaisi \"RC AIA Kutaisi\"), in the Georgia Rugby Championship.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1977 births](/wiki/Category:1977_births \"1977 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Rugby union players from Georgia (country)](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_players_from_Georgia_%28country%29 \"Rugby union players from Georgia (country)\")\n[Category:Expatriate rugby union players from Georgia (country) in France](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_rugby_union_players_from_Georgia_%28country%29_in_France \"Expatriate rugby union players from Georgia (country) in France\")\n[Category:Georgia international rugby union players](/wiki/Category:Georgia_international_rugby_union_players \"Georgia international rugby union players\")\n[Category:Rugby union coaches from Georgia (country)](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_coaches_from_Georgia_%28country%29 \"Rugby union coaches from Georgia (country)\")\n[Category:Rugby union fullbacks](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_fullbacks \"Rugby union fullbacks\")\n[Category:Rugby union players from Kutaisi](/wiki/Category:Rugby_union_players_from_Kutaisi \"Rugby union players from Kutaisi\")\n[Category:2007 Rugby World Cup players](/wiki/Category:2007_Rugby_World_Cup_players \"2007 Rugby World Cup players\")\n[Category:2003 Rugby World Cup players](/wiki/Category:2003_Rugby_World_Cup_players \"2003 Rugby World Cup players\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Harmes
|
{
"id": [
39374154
],
"name": [
"Michaelwallace22"
]
}
|
bh2p7mt57l087o8jko5vwxdjw30rjt1
|
2021-07-26T13:18:52Z
| 1,035,478,952 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Harmes",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**Harmes** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n\n* [James Harmes](/wiki/James_Harmes \"James Harmes\") (born 1995\\), Australian rules footballer\n* [Suzanne Harmes](/wiki/Suzanne_Harmes \"Suzanne Harmes\") (born 1986\\), Dutch gymnast\n* [Wayne Harmes](/wiki/Wayne_Harmes \"Wayne Harmes\") (born 1960\\), Australian rules footballer\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Harmer](/wiki/Harmer \"Harmer\")\n* [Harms](/wiki/Harms \"Harms\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Harry Platt
|
{
"id": [
7098284
],
"name": [
"Tassedethe"
]
}
|
h0utvish978vi172c4kzhxh5zad0l8l
|
2024-07-15T20:31:18Z
| 1,233,608,177 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life and education",
"Work",
"Reports",
"Platt Report on The Welfare of Children in Hospital",
"Platt Report on the Reform of Nursing Education",
"Death and legacy",
"Awards and honours",
"See also",
"References",
"External resources"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
4,
4,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|The president of SICOT, Sir Harry Platt.](/wiki/File:Sir-Harry-Platt-1st-Bt.jpg \"Sir-Harry-Platt-1st-Bt.jpg\")\n**Sir Harry Platt, 1st Baronet**, [FRCS](/wiki/FRCS \"FRCS\"), [KStJ](/wiki/KStJ \"KStJ\") (7 October 1886 – 20 December 1986\\) was an English [orthopaedic surgeon](/wiki/Orthopaedic_surgeon \"Orthopaedic surgeon\"), president of the [Royal College of Surgeons of England](/wiki/Royal_College_of_Surgeons_of_England \"Royal College of Surgeons of England\") (1954–1957\\). He was a founder of the [British Orthopaedic Association](/wiki/British_Orthopaedic_Association \"British Orthopaedic Association\"), of which he became president in 1934–1935\\.\n\n",
"Early life and education\n------------------------\n\nHe was born in [Thornham, Royton, Lancashire](/wiki/Thornham%2C_Greater_Manchester \"Thornham, Greater Manchester\"), the son of Ernest Platt, a velvet cutter and later chairman of United Velvet Cutters, Ltd. Harry developed a [tuberculous knee](/wiki/Tuberculosis \"Tuberculosis\") as a child and his early education was at home. He entered the [Victoria University of Manchester](/wiki/Victoria_University_of_Manchester \"Victoria University of Manchester\") to study medicine and qualified in 1909 from both Victoria and London Universities. After resident and registrar appointments he demonstrated anatomy at [Manchester Royal Infirmary](/wiki/Manchester_Royal_Infirmary \"Manchester Royal Infirmary\"). His orthopaedic training was mainly at the [Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital](/wiki/Royal_National_Orthopaedic_Hospital \"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital\") in London, and in Boston, USA.\n\n",
"Work\n----\n\nOn his return to England in 1914, he was appointed surgeon at [Ancoats Hospital](/wiki/Ancoats_Hospital \"Ancoats Hospital\") but on the outbreak of [World War I](/wiki/World_War_I \"World War I\") he was appointed to be surgeon\\-in\\-charge of a military orthopaedic centre in Manchester as a captain in the [Royal Army Medical Corps](/wiki/Royal_Army_Medical_Corps \"Royal Army Medical Corps\").\n\nBy 1932, his posts included being senior honorary surgeon and surgeon\\-in\\-charge of the orthopaedic service, Ancoats Hospital, as consulting orthopaedic surgeon for [Lancashire County Council](/wiki/Lancashire_County_Council \"Lancashire County Council\") and in 1939 he advanced on his earlier status as a clinical lecturer in orthopaedic surgery at the [University of Manchester](/wiki/University_of_Manchester \"University of Manchester\") when he was appointed professor.\n\nPlatt was a specialist in the [congenital dislocation of the hip](/wiki/Hip_dysplasia \"Hip dysplasia\") and peripheral nerve injuries.\n\nDuring [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II \"World War II\"), he was an advisor to the [Emergency Medical Service](/wiki/Emergency_Hospital_Service \"Emergency Hospital Service\").\n\nPlatt was President of the [Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique](/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Internationale_de_Chirurgie_Orthop%C3%A9dique \"Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique\") from 1949 to 1954\\.\n\nPlatt was elected to the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1940, serving there for eighteen years. He was elected vice\\-president in 1949–1950 and president 1954–1957\\. He was the first orthopaedic expert to be president. He campaigned for the creation of the [International Federation of Surgical Colleges](/wiki/International_Federation_of_Surgical_Colleges \"International Federation of Surgical Colleges\"), which was created in 1958\\.\n\n### Reports\n\n#### Platt Report on The Welfare of Children in Hospital\n\nIn 1959, Platt produced the Platt Report on 'The Welfare of Children in Hospital', which encouraged hospitals to permit parents to visit and care for their children in hospital much more than had previously been allowed.The Welfare of Children in Hospital, Platt Report 1959 Ministry of Health publisher\\= Her Majesty's Stationery Office This was the result of a three\\-year enquiry by a committee set up to investigate the welfare of children in hospital, as opposed to their medical needs. Before this time parental visiting was commonly limited to just a couple of hours a week.\n\n#### Platt Report on the Reform of Nursing Education\n\nIn 1964 and 1965 he produced the 'Platt Report(s) on the Reform of Nursing Education'. He had established a committee in 1961 to consider all aspects of nursing education and to make recommendations. He created groups to look at: a) The Place and Functions of the Nurse in the Modern Community, b) Preparation of the Student Nurse for Registration and of the Pupil Nurse for Enrolment: the Organisation of the School of Nursing, c) Preparation for Entry to Nursing. Committee members included [Annie Altschul](/wiki/Annie_Altschul \"Annie Altschul\"), [Barbara Fawkes](/wiki/Barbara_Fawkes \"Barbara Fawkes\"), [Catherine Hall (nurse)](/wiki/Catherine_Hall_%28nurse%29 \"Catherine Hall (nurse)\"), and [Winifred Hector](/wiki/Winifred_Hector \"Winifred Hector\").\n\n",
"### Reports\n\n#### Platt Report on The Welfare of Children in Hospital\n\nIn 1959, Platt produced the Platt Report on 'The Welfare of Children in Hospital', which encouraged hospitals to permit parents to visit and care for their children in hospital much more than had previously been allowed.The Welfare of Children in Hospital, Platt Report 1959 Ministry of Health publisher\\= Her Majesty's Stationery Office This was the result of a three\\-year enquiry by a committee set up to investigate the welfare of children in hospital, as opposed to their medical needs. Before this time parental visiting was commonly limited to just a couple of hours a week.\n\n#### Platt Report on the Reform of Nursing Education\n\nIn 1964 and 1965 he produced the 'Platt Report(s) on the Reform of Nursing Education'. He had established a committee in 1961 to consider all aspects of nursing education and to make recommendations. He created groups to look at: a) The Place and Functions of the Nurse in the Modern Community, b) Preparation of the Student Nurse for Registration and of the Pupil Nurse for Enrolment: the Organisation of the School of Nursing, c) Preparation for Entry to Nursing. Committee members included [Annie Altschul](/wiki/Annie_Altschul \"Annie Altschul\"), [Barbara Fawkes](/wiki/Barbara_Fawkes \"Barbara Fawkes\"), [Catherine Hall (nurse)](/wiki/Catherine_Hall_%28nurse%29 \"Catherine Hall (nurse)\"), and [Winifred Hector](/wiki/Winifred_Hector \"Winifred Hector\").\n\n",
"#### Platt Report on The Welfare of Children in Hospital\n\nIn 1959, Platt produced the Platt Report on 'The Welfare of Children in Hospital', which encouraged hospitals to permit parents to visit and care for their children in hospital much more than had previously been allowed.The Welfare of Children in Hospital, Platt Report 1959 Ministry of Health publisher\\= Her Majesty's Stationery Office This was the result of a three\\-year enquiry by a committee set up to investigate the welfare of children in hospital, as opposed to their medical needs. Before this time parental visiting was commonly limited to just a couple of hours a week.\n\n",
"#### Platt Report on the Reform of Nursing Education\n\nIn 1964 and 1965 he produced the 'Platt Report(s) on the Reform of Nursing Education'. He had established a committee in 1961 to consider all aspects of nursing education and to make recommendations. He created groups to look at: a) The Place and Functions of the Nurse in the Modern Community, b) Preparation of the Student Nurse for Registration and of the Pupil Nurse for Enrolment: the Organisation of the School of Nursing, c) Preparation for Entry to Nursing. Committee members included [Annie Altschul](/wiki/Annie_Altschul \"Annie Altschul\"), [Barbara Fawkes](/wiki/Barbara_Fawkes \"Barbara Fawkes\"), [Catherine Hall (nurse)](/wiki/Catherine_Hall_%28nurse%29 \"Catherine Hall (nurse)\"), and [Winifred Hector](/wiki/Winifred_Hector \"Winifred Hector\").\n\n",
"Death and legacy\n----------------\n\nHe died in 1986 at [age of 100](/wiki/Centenarian \"Centenarian\").\n\nPlatt had been much influenced by the work of [Robert Jones](/wiki/Robert_Jones_%28surgeon%29 \"Robert Jones (surgeon)\") in [Liverpool](/wiki/Liverpool \"Liverpool\") and by his training in the US. He continued to be inspired by US methods for medical training and organisation. Among those whom he influenced in turn was [John Charnley](/wiki/John_Charnley \"John Charnley\").\n\n",
"Awards and honours\n------------------\n\nPlatt became a [Knight Bachelor](/wiki/Knight_Bachelor \"Knight Bachelor\") in 1948\\. He was invited to deliver the [Bradshaw Lecture](/wiki/Bradshaw_Lecture \"Bradshaw Lecture\") to the Royal College of surgeons in 1950, which he made on the subject of bone [sarcomas](/wiki/Sarcoma \"Sarcoma\").\n\nPlatt was made a [baronet](/wiki/Baronet \"Baronet\") in 1958, on completing his term as President of the Royal College of Surgeons. He was appointed a Knight of the [Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem](/wiki/Most_Venerable_Order_of_the_Hospital_of_St._John_of_Jerusalem \"Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem\") (KStJ) in February 1972\\.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Platt baronets](/wiki/Platt_baronets \"Platt baronets\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External resources\n------------------\n\n* [Harry Platt Papers](https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/manchesteruniversity/data/gb133-pla) at the [University of Manchester Library](/wiki/University_of_Manchester_Library \"University of Manchester Library\")\n\n[Category:1886 births](/wiki/Category:1886_births \"1886 births\")\n[Category:1986 deaths](/wiki/Category:1986_deaths \"1986 deaths\")\n[Category:People from Royton](/wiki/Category:People_from_Royton \"People from Royton\")\n[Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester](/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_Manchester \"Alumni of the University of Manchester\")\n[Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England](/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_Royal_College_of_Surgeons_of_England \"Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England\")\n[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom](/wiki/Category:Baronets_in_the_Baronetage_of_the_United_Kingdom \"Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom\")\n[Category:British orthopaedic surgeons](/wiki/Category:British_orthopaedic_surgeons \"British orthopaedic surgeons\")\n[Category:Academics of the University of Manchester](/wiki/Category:Academics_of_the_University_of_Manchester \"Academics of the University of Manchester\")\n[Category:English centenarians](/wiki/Category:English_centenarians \"English centenarians\")\n[Category:British men centenarians](/wiki/Category:British_men_centenarians \"British men centenarians\")\n[Category:Presidents of the Royal Society of Medicine](/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Medicine \"Presidents of the Royal Society of Medicine\")\n[Category:Knights Bachelor](/wiki/Category:Knights_Bachelor \"Knights Bachelor\")\n[Category:Physicians of the Manchester Royal Infirmary](/wiki/Category:Physicians_of_the_Manchester_Royal_Infirmary \"Physicians of the Manchester Royal Infirmary\")\n[Category:20th\\-century surgeons](/wiki/Category:20th-century_surgeons \"20th-century surgeons\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Cerebral activator
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"75.46.150.155"
]
}
|
f9gibljg7nsiyl5r1dg1estfxgp2anu
|
2024-10-17T22:05:54Z
| 1,251,752,799 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nA **cerebral activator**, also known as a **cerebral metabolic enhancer** or **activator**, is a type of [drug](/wiki/Drug \"Drug\") that \"activates\" the [central nervous system](/wiki/Central_nervous_system \"Central nervous system\") in the context of [cerebrovascular diseases](/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease \"Cerebrovascular disease\") such as [stroke](/wiki/Stroke \"Stroke\") and [dementia](/wiki/Dementia \"Dementia\"). The term has been used specifically to describe a few [Japanese](/wiki/Japan \"Japan\") drugs, such as [indeloxazine](/wiki/Indeloxazine \"Indeloxazine\") and [bifemelane](/wiki/Bifemelane \"Bifemelane\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Cerebral vasodilator](/wiki/Cerebral_vasodilator \"Cerebral vasodilator\")\n* [Nootropic](/wiki/Nootropic \"Nootropic\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Drugs acting on the nervous system](/wiki/Category:Drugs_acting_on_the_nervous_system \"Drugs acting on the nervous system\")\n[Category:Neuroprotective agents](/wiki/Category:Neuroprotective_agents \"Neuroprotective agents\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Tutupan coal mine
|
{
"id": [
39166520
],
"name": [
"JoeNMLC"
]
}
|
7ygd8t5vv6c2ko8z3yajqk6d76umqt0
|
2023-10-18T15:50:41Z
| 1,125,252,036 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe **Tutupan Coal Mine** is a [coal](/wiki/Coal \"Coal\") mine located in [South Kalimantan](/wiki/South_Kalimantan \"South Kalimantan\"). The mine has coal reserves amounting to 3 billion tonnes of [coking coal](/wiki/Coke_%28fuel%29 \"Coke (fuel)\"), one of the largest coal reserves in [Asia](/wiki/Asia \"Asia\") and the world. The mine has an annual production capacity of 41 million tonnes of coal.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Paringin coal mine](/wiki/Paringin_coal_mine \"Paringin coal mine\") \\- part of the same mine complex\n* [Wara coal mine](/wiki/Wara_coal_mine \"Wara coal mine\") \\- part of the same mine complex\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Coal mines in Indonesia](/wiki/Category:Coal_mines_in_Indonesia \"Coal mines in Indonesia\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Dammahad
|
{
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
}
|
sdjmhyw0ndvsyh9d2tu1k9vwh4gevsh
|
2017-03-16T04:06:26Z
| 765,084,039 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Dammahad** () is a village in [Dehdasht\\-e Sharqi Rural District](/wiki/Dehdasht-e_Sharqi_Rural_District \"Dehdasht-e Sharqi Rural District\"), in the [Central District](/wiki/Central_District_%28Kohgiluyeh_County%29 \"Central District (Kohgiluyeh County)\") of [Kohgiluyeh County](/wiki/Kohgiluyeh_County \"Kohgiluyeh County\"), [Kohgiluyeh and Boyer\\-Ahmad Province](/wiki/Kohgiluyeh_and_Boyer-Ahmad_Province \"Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 432, in 78 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Kohgiluyeh County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Kohgiluyeh_County \"Populated places in Kohgiluyeh County\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Carol Weymuller Open 2013
|
{
"id": [
45382375
],
"name": [
"Dancing Dollar"
]
}
|
9zbvr2hd2uvv0juf86xnwhswzuaqa8r
|
2023-05-01T12:36:59Z
| 1,130,220,659 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Prize money and ranking points",
"Seeds",
"Draw and results",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nThe **Carol Weymuller Open 2013** is the women's edition of the 2013 [Carol Weymuller Open](/wiki/Carol_Weymuller_Open \"Carol Weymuller Open\"), which is a tournament of the [WSA World Tour](/wiki/WSA_World_Tour_2013 \"WSA World Tour 2013\") event Gold (Prize money : $50 000 ). The event took place at The Heights Casino in [Brooklyn, New York](/wiki/Brooklyn%2C_New_York \"Brooklyn, New York\") in the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") from 3 October to 6 October. [Nicol David](/wiki/Nicol_David \"Nicol David\") won her second Carol Weymuller Open trophy, beating [Camille Serme](/wiki/Camille_Serme \"Camille Serme\") in the final.\n\n",
"Prize money and ranking points\n------------------------------\n\nFor 2013, the prize purse was $50,000\\. The prize money and points breakdown is as follows:\n\n| \\+ Prize Money Carol Weymuller Open (2013\\) |\n\n|**Event**\n\n**W**\n\nF\n\nSF\n\nQF\n\n1R\n\n|Points (WSA)\n\n 2450 |\n 1610 |\n 980 |\n 595 |\n 350 |\n|Prize money\n\n $8,550 |\n $5,850 |\n $3,825 |\n $2,365 |\n $1,350 |\n",
"Seeds\n-----\n\n1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. \n",
"Draw and results\n----------------\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [WSA World Tour 2013](/wiki/WSA_World_Tour_2013 \"WSA World Tour 2013\")\n* [Carol Weymuller Open](/wiki/Carol_Weymuller_Open \"Carol Weymuller Open\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [WSA Carol Weymuller Open 2013 website](https://web.archive.org/web/20130827150235/http://wsaworldtour.com/tournaments/carol-weymuller-open-2013)\n* [Carol Weymuller Open 2013 SquashSite website](http://www.squashsite.co.uk/2009/carolweymuller2013.htm)\n\n[Carol Weymuller Open](/wiki/Category:2013_in_squash \"2013 in squash\")\n[Carol Weymuller Open](/wiki/Category:2013_in_American_sports \"2013 in American sports\")\n[Category:2013 in sports in New York (state)](/wiki/Category:2013_in_sports_in_New_York_%28state%29 \"2013 in sports in New York (state)\")\n[Category:Carol Weymuller Open](/wiki/Category:Carol_Weymuller_Open \"Carol Weymuller Open\")\n\n"
]
}
|
2013 Global RallyCross Championship
|
{
"id": [
45911552
],
"name": [
"Codename Noreste"
]
}
|
mieyezid9sbycuvg3in8nljb5akldmc
|
2024-10-17T02:40:33Z
| 1,251,620,822 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Rules changes",
"Teams and drivers",
"Schedule",
"Season summary",
"Results",
"Events",
"Drivers standings",
"GRC Lites",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **2013 [Global RallyCross Championship](/wiki/Global_RallyCross_Championship \"Global RallyCross Championship\")** was the third season of this championship. The season consisted of nine weekends, three in [X Games](/wiki/X_Games \"X Games\") events (including a doubleheader after an event cancellation). Toomas Heikkinen earned his first series championship after a record\\-setting streak of five consecutive victories.\n\n",
"Rules changes\n-------------\n\nA penalty box will be added for this season. In case of a false start, the driver must endure a stop\\-go penalty in this zone avoiding the need to restart the race. Stop\\-go penalty can be also given for too aggressive car\\-to\\-car contact, such causing a competing driver to spin out by pushing their car.\n\n",
"Teams and drivers\n-----------------\n\n| Manufacturer | Constructor Team | Individual Team | No. | Drivers | Rounds | Cars |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Chevrolet | PMR Motorsports | PMR Motorsports | 59 | Pat Moro | 8–9 | [Chevrolet Sonic](/wiki/Chevrolet_Sonic \"Chevrolet Sonic\") |\n| Citroën | LD Motorsport | LD Motorsport | 33 | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") | 1 | [Citroën DS3](/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_DS3 \"Citroën DS3\") |\n| Dodge\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n 99\n\n Bryce Menzies |\n 1–6, 8–9 |\n [Dodge Dart](/wiki/Dodge_Dart_%28PF%29 \"Dodge Dart (PF)\")\n\n| [Henning Solberg](/wiki/Henning_Solberg \"Henning Solberg\") | 7 |\n| 199\n\n [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\") |\n 1, 4, 6, 8–9 |\n| [Timur Timerzyanov](/wiki/Timur_Timerzyanov \"Timur Timerzyanov\") | 2–3, 5, 7 |\n| Ford\n\n OMSE2\n\n Royal Purple OMSE2\n\n 7 |\n [Townsend Bell](/wiki/Townsend_Bell \"Townsend Bell\") |\n 2–3 |\n [Ford Fiesta ST](/wiki/Ford_Fiesta_ST \"Ford Fiesta ST\")\n\n| 32 | [Steve Arpin](/wiki/Steve_Arpin \"Steve Arpin\") | All |\n| Rdio OMSE2 | 77 | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | All |\n| [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE |\n 18 |\n [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\") |\n All |\n| Rockstar Energy Olsbergs MSE | 34 | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | All |\n| Rockstar Energy Metal Mulisha Olsbergs MSE | 38 | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | All |\n| Bluebeam Olsbergs MSE | 57 | [Toomas Heikkinen](/wiki/Toomas_Heikkinen \"Toomas Heikkinen\") | All |\n| [Hoonigan Racing Division](/wiki/Hoonigan_Racing_Division \"Hoonigan Racing Division\") | Hoonigan Racing Division | 43 | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | All |\n| Hyundai\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n 4 |\n Stephan Verdier |\n 8–9 |\n [Hyundai Veloster](/wiki/Hyundai_Veloster \"Hyundai Veloster\")\n\n| 14 | David Sterckx | 6 |\n| 67 | [Rhys Millen](/wiki/Rhys_Millen \"Rhys Millen\") | 6, 9 |\n| Mini\n\n LD Motorsport |\n LD Motorsport |\n 33 |\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n 2–3, 5–6 |\n [Mini Countryman JCW](/wiki/Mini_Countryman \"Mini Countryman\")\n\n| [Prodrive](/wiki/Prodrive \"Prodrive\") | Prodrive | 40 | [Dave Mirra](/wiki/Dave_Mirra \"Dave Mirra\") | 8–9 |\n| Mitsubishi\n\n X Team Racing\n\n X Team Racing\n\n 12\n\n [Nelson Piquet Jr.](/wiki/Nelson_Piquet_Jr. \"Nelson Piquet Jr.\") |\n 1, 4, 8–9 |\n [Mitsubishi Lancer](/wiki/Mitsubishi_Lancer_Evolution_X \"Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X\")\n\n| Guilherme Spinelli | 2–3 |\n| Peugeot\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n 12A |\n Eduardo Marques Jr. |\n 1 |\n [Peugeot 207](/wiki/Peugeot_207 \"Peugeot 207\")\n\n| 13 | Mauricio Neves | 1 |\n| Subaru\n\n [Subaru Puma Rallycross Team USA](/wiki/Subaru_Rally_Team_USA \"Subaru Rally Team USA\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross Team USA\n\n 11 |\n [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") |\n 2–9 |\n [Subaru WRX STI](/wiki/Subaru_WRX_STI \"Subaru WRX STI\")\n\n| 40 | [Dave Mirra](/wiki/Dave_Mirra \"Dave Mirra\") | 2–7 |\n| 81 | [Bucky Lasek](/wiki/Bucky_Lasek \"Bucky Lasek\") | 2–9 |\n| Verdier Racing | Verdier Racing | 12 | Stephan Verdier | 6 |\n| Volkswagen\n\n [Marklund Motorsport](/wiki/Marklund_Motorsport \"Marklund Motorsport\")\n\n [Marklund Motorsport](/wiki/Marklund_Motorsport \"Marklund Motorsport\")\n\n 29\n\n [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\") |\n 1 |\n [Volkswagen Polo](/wiki/Volkswagen_Polo \"Volkswagen Polo\")\n\n| [Mattias Ekström](/wiki/Mattias_Ekstr%C3%B6m \"Mattias Ekström\") | 2–3 |\n| [Timur Timerzyanov](/wiki/Timur_Timerzyanov \"Timur Timerzyanov\") | 6 |\n| 92 | [Anton Marklund](/wiki/Anton_Marklund \"Anton Marklund\") | 1–3, 6 |\n\n",
"Schedule\n--------\n\n| Round | Location | Companion Event | Date |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Foz do Iguaçu](/wiki/Foz_do_Igua%C3%A7u \"Foz do Iguaçu\") | X Games Brazil | April 21 |\n| 2–3 (DH) | [Munich](/wiki/Munich \"Munich\") | X Games Munich | June 29–30 |\n| 4 | [New Hampshire Motor Speedway](/wiki/New_Hampshire_Motor_Speedway \"New Hampshire Motor Speedway\") | [Lenox Industrial Tools 301](/wiki/Lenox_Industrial_Tools_301 \"Lenox Industrial Tools 301\") | July 11 |\n| 5 | [Bristol Motor Speedway](/wiki/Bristol_Motor_Speedway \"Bristol Motor Speedway\") | Standalone | July 20 |\n| 6 | [Irwindale Event Center](/wiki/Irwindale_Event_Center \"Irwindale Event Center\") | X Games Los Angeles | August 4 |\n| 7 | [Atlanta Motor Speedway](/wiki/Atlanta_Motor_Speedway \"Atlanta Motor Speedway\") | Standalone | August 10 |\n| 8 | [Charlotte Motor Speedway](/wiki/Charlotte_Motor_Speedway \"Charlotte Motor Speedway\") | AACA AutoFair Fall Meet | September 22 |\n| 9 | [Las Vegas](/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley \"Las Vegas Valley\") | [SEMA](/wiki/SEMA_%28association%29 \"SEMA (association)\") Automotive Trade Show | November 7 |\n|\n\n*(DH): An event in [Barcelona](/wiki/Barcelona \"Barcelona\") at [Lluís Companys Olympic Stadium](/wiki/Estadi_Ol%C3%ADmpic_Llu%C3%ADs_Companys \"Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys\") May 19 was called off because of weather conditions. The Munich round, originally scheduled for June 30, was converted into a doubleheader round with races on June 29 and 30\\.*\n\n",
"Season summary\n--------------\n\nThe first event of the season in [Foz do Iguaçu](/wiki/Foz_do_Igua%C3%A7u \"Foz do Iguaçu\") was performed on a purpose built gravel track, with the start/finish straight having the only tarmac section. Fifteen drivers took part in the event. [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") set the fastest laptime in the seeding round. Heat 1 was won by Finnish driver Toomas Heikkinen, who took advantage of a crash at the start of the heat. [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") took second place, with [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") placed third, after retiring on Lap 1\\. Heat 2 was won by [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") followed by [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\") is second. [Nelson Piquet Jr.](/wiki/Nelson_Piquet_Jr. \"Nelson Piquet Jr.\") finished third despite being penalized for a jump start. [Bryce Menzies](/wiki/Bryce_Menzies \"Bryce Menzies\") finished the heat in last place. In Heat 3 the reigning champion [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") took victory over [Steve Arpin](/wiki/Steve_Arpin \"Steve Arpin\"). [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\") and Mauricio Neves finished in third and fourth place, respectively. [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") was the winner of Heat 4 by passing Anton Marklund on the last corner, despite spinning on the first lap. [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\") ended up third, with Eduardo Marques, Jr rounding off the heat. [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\") won the Last Chance Qualifier, meaning he qualified for the final along with second\\-place finisher [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\"). Doran's car failure at the start of the race, retires both himself and Bryce Menzies, denying them both of qualifying for the final.\n\nThe Final saw mayhem at the first turn on Lap 1, which shook up the field, placing Heikkinen into the lead from Speed and Marklund after Lap 1\\. After Lap 2, Speed slowed down, which allowed Marklund to jump into second place. By the end of Lap 3, the race is red flagged, and is scheduled to restart, after retirements from Foust, Pastrana, Block and Rice. On the restart, [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") sat on pole from a six car grid. [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\"), [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\"), [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") and reigning champion [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") were all unable to make the restart. On Lap 1 Toomas Heikkinen aggressively made his way into the lead, ahead of Speed and Arpin by the end of the lap. On the second lap, Arpin took the joker lap, but failed to pass Speed, leaving the top three the same after the end of the lap. On Lap 4, Sandell takes the joker lap to pass Arpin into 3rd place, as Speed starts closing down Heikkinen for the lead. On the final lap, Speed finally used his joker lap to pass Heikkinen on the last corner of the race, to take the gold medal. Heikkinen won the silver, and Sandell the bronze. For all three of them it was their first X Games medals, most notably Speed, who had not ever drove a rally car prior to the event. Steve Arpin finished 4th, ahead of Brian Deegan in 5th, and Anton Marklund in 6th.\n\nThe second round of the season was set to take place in [Lluís Companys Olympic Stadium](/wiki/Estadi_Ol%C3%ADmpic_Llu%C3%ADs_Companys \"Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys\"), as part of the [Barcelona](/wiki/Barcelona \"Barcelona\") [X Games](/wiki/X_Games \"X Games\"). Spanish drivers [Nani Roma](/wiki/Nani_Roma \"Nani Roma\") and [Carlos Sainz](/wiki/Carlos_Sainz_Sr. \"Carlos Sainz Sr.\"), both [Dakar Rally](/wiki/Dakar_Rally \"Dakar Rally\") champions, arrived to debut in this event. However, after heavy rain all day, the whole event was eventually moved to Munich after several delays on May 19, and the Munich event turned into a doubleheader. Day 1 featured [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") win in his new Mini, while Toomas Heikkinen won gold in race 2\\. The Subaru PUMA Rallycross Team USA made their 2013 debut, and Townsend Bell made his GRC debut in the \\#7 Royal Purple Ford Fiesta, for OMSE2\\.\n\nRound 4 took place in Loudon, New Hampshire, at the [New Hampshire Motor Speedway](/wiki/New_Hampshire_Motor_Speedway \"New Hampshire Motor Speedway\"). GRC Lites made their debut there, and Joni Wiman won the first\\-ever Lites race. In the Supercar class, [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\") returned, and [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") led 9 of 10 laps in the final, but crashed in the final corner, handing the win to Heikkinen. The fifth round of the season took place in Bristol. Joni Wiman won the Lites final, which had to be restarted because Kevin Eriksson flipped over on the first lap. Patrik Sandell won his heat, but Heikkinen cruised to an easy third victory in a row. Round 6 took place at [Irwindale Speedway](/wiki/Irwindale_Event_Center \"Irwindale Event Center\"), as part of X Games Los Angeles. David Sterckx, [Rhys Millen](/wiki/Rhys_Millen \"Rhys Millen\"), and Stephan Verdier made their 2013 debut, and Reinis Nitišs made his Lites debut. In Supercars, [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") won heat 1, which had to be restarted because Steve Arpin crashed. Heat 2 saw Liam Doran win. Toomas Heikkinen won Heat 3, while Heat 4 went to [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\"). Anton Marklund crashed on the 1st turn of the LCQ, and that caused the 2nd red flag of the day. Marklund was out. On the restart, Rhys Millen and Scott Speed advanced. In the final, Ken Block, [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\"), and others crashed on the first turn. Toomas Heikkinen won the final X Games LA gold medal in history. Tanner Foust took silver, and Sverre Isachsen took bronze.\n\nRound 7 took place at Atlanta Motor Speedway, as a standalone event. Bryce Menzies was replaced by Henning Solberg in the \\#99 Dodge, and [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\") was once again replaced by [Timur Timerzyanov](/wiki/Timur_Timerzyanov \"Timur Timerzyanov\"). Patrik Sandell crashed into a dirt embankment in the LCQ, sending him airborne. Toomas Heikkinen almost secured the championship with another win, while Joni Wiman won in Lites. Round 8 took place at the dirt track at [Charlotte Motor Speedway](/wiki/Charlotte_Motor_Speedway \"Charlotte Motor Speedway\"), where Pat Moro debuted his new Chevrolet Sonic and [Dave Mirra](/wiki/Dave_Mirra \"Dave Mirra\") helped [Prodrive](/wiki/Prodrive \"Prodrive\") make its official debut, after having rented its Mini to Doran for much of the season. Block, Speed and Deegan took heat victories, while Foust missed the final after rolling his car during the final heat. Speed won the final, while third place for Heikkinen (having qualified via the LCQ) gave him the championship title.\n\nThe season finale took place in Las Vegas during the week of the [SEMA Show](/wiki/SEMA_%28association%29 \"SEMA (association)\") as a two\\-day event, with practice, seeding, and the first set of heats run on Wednesday and the second set of heats, LCQ, and final run on Thursday. Heikkinen aimed to continue his streak of eight consecutive podiums with a pair of heat wins, while Foust, Block, and Speed also swept each of their heats. The LCQ saw Nelson Piquet Jr. spin Sverre Isachsen to earn a transfer spot and land his Mitsubishi in the final, but a protest from Isachsen saw stewards disqualify Piquet for aggressive driving and restore the transfer spot to the Norwegian. In the final, a jump start from Foust forced him into the penalty box, giving Block a lead that he would never relinquish. Block would earn his first GRC victory in his 17th GRC start, while Foust ended the season with a runner\\-up finish and Travis Pastrana completed the podium.\n\n",
"Results\n-------\n\n### Events\n\n| No. | Event | Seeding Round | Heat 1 | Heat 2 | Heat 3 | Heat 4 | Winner | Team | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Foz do Iguaçu](/wiki/Foz_do_Igua%C3%A7u \"Foz do Iguaçu\") | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | OMSE2 | Ford |\n| 2 | [Munich](/wiki/Munich \"Munich\")\n\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") |\n [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") |\n Toomas Heikkinen |\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n LD Motorsport |\n Mini |\n| 3 | Toomas Heikkinen | Toomas Heikkinen | [Mattias Ekström](/wiki/Mattias_Ekstr%C3%B6m \"Mattias Ekström\") | Liam Doran | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 4 | [Loudon](/wiki/New_Hampshire_Motor_Speedway \"New Hampshire Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 5 | [Bristol](/wiki/Bristol_Motor_Speedway \"Bristol Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\") | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 6 | [Irwindale](/wiki/Irwindale_Event_Center \"Irwindale Event Center\") | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 7 | [Atlanta](/wiki/Atlanta_Motor_Speedway \"Atlanta Motor Speedway\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 8 | [Charlotte](/wiki/Charlotte_Motor_Speedway \"Charlotte Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | N/A | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | OMSE2 | Ford |\n| 9 | [Las Vegas](/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley \"Las Vegas Valley\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Hoonigan Racing Division | Ford |\n\n### Drivers standings\n\nPoints are awarded to the top sixteen finishers using the following structure:\n\n| Position | **1st** | **2nd** | **3rd** | **4th** | **5th** | **6th** | **7th** | **8th** | **9th** | **10th** | **11th** | **12th** | **13th** | **14th** | **15th** | **16th** |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Points | 20 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |\n|\n\n* **Bold** indicates the fastest in the seeding round.\n* \\* indicates a heat win.\n\n| \n\n Driver\n\n Team\n\n BRA |\n \nMUN\n\n LOU |\n BRI |\n IRW |\n ATL |\n CHA |\n LV |\n Pts |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Toomas Heikkinen](/wiki/Toomas_Heikkinen \"Toomas Heikkinen\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 2\\* |\n 3\\* |\n **1\\*** |\n 1\\* |\n 1 |\n 1\\* |\n **1\\*\\*** |\n 3 |\n 4\\*\\* |\n 169 |\n| 2 | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 8\\* |\n 6\\* |\n 3 |\n 4\\* |\n 7 |\n 2 |\n 2\\* |\n 10\\* |\n **2\\*\\*** |\n 123 |\n| 3 | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\")\n\n Hoonigan Racing Division\n\n 9 |\n 2\\* |\n DSQ |\n **5\\*** |\n **2\\*\\*** |\n 6\\* |\n 8\\*\\* |\n **7\\*\\*** |\n 1\\*\\* |\n 115 |\n| 4 | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 5\\* |\n 7 |\n 9\\* |\n 3 |\n 3 |\n **7** |\n 6 |\n 2\\* |\n 13 |\n 106 |\n| 5 | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n 1\\* |\n 9 |\n 15 |\n 9 |\n 13 |\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 1\\* |\n 9\\*\\* |\n 94 |\n| 6 | [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 3 |\n 8 |\n 13 |\n 2 |\n 5\\*\\* |\n 8 |\n 11 |\n 13 |\n 7 |\n 89 |\n| 7 | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross\n\n |\n 17 |\n 8 |\n 6 |\n 4\\* |\n 3\\* |\n 3 |\n 8 |\n 5 |\n 86 |\n| 8 | [Steve Arpin](/wiki/Steve_Arpin \"Steve Arpin\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n 4 |\n 11 |\n 5 |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n 14 |\n 9 |\n 5 |\n 8 |\n 79 |\n| 9 | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\")\n\n LD Motorsport\n\n **13** |\n **1\\*** |\n 2\\* |\n |\n 9 |\n 10\\* |\n |\n |\n |\n 59 |\n| 10 | [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n 7 |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n |\n 5 |\n |\n 9\\* |\n 3 |\n 56 |\n| 11 | [Bucky Lasek](/wiki/Bucky_Lasek \"Bucky Lasek\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross\n\n |\n 14 |\n 11 |\n 8 |\n 12 |\n 11 |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n 14 |\n 49 |\n| 12 | [Dave Mirra](/wiki/Dave_Mirra \"Dave Mirra\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross/Prodrive\n\n |\n 15 |\n 14 |\n 13 |\n 11 |\n 15 |\n 4 |\n 12 |\n DNS |\n 36 |\n| 13 | [Bryce Menzies](/wiki/Bryce_Menzies \"Bryce Menzies\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n 15 |\n 16 |\n 17 |\n 11 |\n 10 |\n 13 |\n |\n 14 |\n 6 |\n 35 |\n| 14 | [Timur Timerzyanov](/wiki/Timur_Timerzyanov \"Timur Timerzyanov\")\n\n Pastrana Racing/Marklund Motorsport\n\n |\n 10 |\n 12 |\n |\n 8 |\n 18 |\n 5 |\n |\n |\n 34 |\n| 15 | [Mattias Ekström](/wiki/Mattias_Ekstr%C3%B6m \"Mattias Ekström\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n |\n 5 |\n 4\\* |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 26 |\n| 16 | [Anton Marklund](/wiki/Anton_Marklund \"Anton Marklund\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n 6 |\n 4 |\n 16 |\n |\n |\n 17 |\n |\n |\n |\n 26 |\n| 17 | [Stephan Verdier](/wiki/Stephan_Verdier \"Stephan Verdier\")\n\n Verdier Racing/Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 12 |\n |\n 4 |\n 12 |\n 23 |\n| 18 | [Rhys Millen](/wiki/Rhys_Millen \"Rhys Millen\")\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 4 |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n 20 |\n| 19 | [Nelson Piquet Jr.](/wiki/Nelson_Piquet_Jr. \"Nelson Piquet Jr.\")\n\n X Team Racing\n\n 11 |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n |\n |\n |\n 15 |\n 15 |\n 17 |\n| 20 | [Townsend Bell](/wiki/Townsend_Bell \"Townsend Bell\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 16 |\n| 21 | [Guilherme Spinelli](/wiki/Guilherme_Spinelli \"Guilherme Spinelli\")\n\n X Team Racing\n\n |\n 13 |\n 7 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 14 |\n| 22 | [Pat Moro](/wiki/Pat_Moro \"Pat Moro\")\n\n PMR Motorsports\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 11 |\n 11 |\n 12 |\n| 23 | [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n 10 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n| 24 | [Henning Solberg](/wiki/Henning_Solberg \"Henning Solberg\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n| 25 | [Mauricio Neves](/wiki/Mauricio_Neves \"Mauricio Neves\")\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n 12 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 5 |\n| 26 | [Eduardo Marques Jr.](/wiki/Eduardo_Marques_Jr. \"Eduardo Marques Jr.\")\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n 14 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 3 |\n| 27 | [David Sterckx](/wiki/David_Sterckx \"David Sterckx\")\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 16 |\n |\n |\n |\n 1 |\n| 28 | [Nani Roma](/wiki/Nani_Roma \"Nani Roma\")\n\n All4 Racing\n\n |\n \\- |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 0 |\n| 29 | [Carlos Sainz](/wiki/Carlos_Sainz_Sr. \"Carlos Sainz Sr.\")\n\n [Marklund Motorsport](/wiki/Marklund_Motorsport \"Marklund Motorsport\")\n\n |\n \\- |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 0 |\n\n| Colour | Result |\n| --- | --- |\n| Gold | Winner |\n| Silver | 2nd place |\n| Bronze | 3rd place |\n| Green | Finished, in points |\n| Blue Finished, no points |\n| Not classified (NC) |\n| Purple | Did not finish (Ret) |\n| Black | Disqualified (DSQ) |\n| White Did not start (DNS) |\n\n Withdrew (WD) |\n Race cancelled (C) || Blank | Did not participate |\n| Excluded (EX) |\n\n#### GRC Lites\n\n| \n\n Driver\n\n No.\n\n Team\n\n LOU |\n BRI |\n IRW |\n ATL |\n CHA |\n LV |\n |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Joni Wiman](/wiki/Joni_Wiman \"Joni Wiman\")\n\n 93\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 128 |\n| 2 | [Sebastian Eriksson](/wiki/Sebastian_Eriksson_%28racing_driver%29 \"Sebastian Eriksson (racing driver)\")\n\n 37\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 2\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 93 |\n| 3 | Mitchell deJong\n\n 24\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 4\n\n |\n 2\n\n 2\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 81 |\n| 4 | [Kevin Eriksson](/wiki/Kevin_Eriksson \"Kevin Eriksson\")\n\n 39\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 6\n\n 75 |\n| 5 | Alexander Westlund\n\n 55\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 74 |\n| 6 | Austin Dyne\n\n 99\n\n AD Racing\n\n 6\n\n 2\n\n 10 |\n 8 |\n 8\n\n 4\n\n 66 |\n| 7 | Geoff Sykes\n\n 65\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 7 |\n 4\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 2\n\n 8\n\n 66 |\n| 8 | Harry Cheung\n\n 88\n\n Cohesive Front Racing\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 8\n\n 9 |\n 6\n\n |\n 46 |\n| 9 | Halid Avdagic\n\n 4\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 8 |\n 8 |\n 7\n\n |\n |\n |\n 29 |\n| 10 | [Reinis Nitišs](/wiki/Reinis_Niti%C5%A1s \"Reinis Nitišs\")\n\n 15\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n 5\n\n 6\n\n |\n |\n 23 |\n| 11 | Tyler Benson\n\n 60\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n 9\n\n 10 |\n 22 |\n| 12 | Eric Faren\n\n 21\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 2\n\n 18 |\n| 13 | Brent Lee\n\n 35\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 9 |\n 8 |\n|\n\n",
"### Events\n\n| No. | Event | Seeding Round | Heat 1 | Heat 2 | Heat 3 | Heat 4 | Winner | Team | |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Foz do Iguaçu](/wiki/Foz_do_Igua%C3%A7u \"Foz do Iguaçu\") | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | OMSE2 | Ford |\n| 2 | [Munich](/wiki/Munich \"Munich\")\n\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") |\n [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") |\n Toomas Heikkinen |\n [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") |\n LD Motorsport |\n Mini |\n| 3 | Toomas Heikkinen | Toomas Heikkinen | [Mattias Ekström](/wiki/Mattias_Ekstr%C3%B6m \"Mattias Ekström\") | Liam Doran | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 4 | [Loudon](/wiki/New_Hampshire_Motor_Speedway \"New Hampshire Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 5 | [Bristol](/wiki/Bristol_Motor_Speedway \"Bristol Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\") | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 6 | [Irwindale](/wiki/Irwindale_Event_Center \"Irwindale Event Center\") | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\") | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 7 | [Atlanta](/wiki/Atlanta_Motor_Speedway \"Atlanta Motor Speedway\") | Toomas Heikkinen | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | N/A | Toomas Heikkinen | Olsbergs MSE | Ford |\n| 8 | [Charlotte](/wiki/Charlotte_Motor_Speedway \"Charlotte Motor Speedway\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\") | N/A | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | OMSE2 | Ford |\n| 9 | [Las Vegas](/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley \"Las Vegas Valley\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\") | Toomas Heikkinen | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\") | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\") | Hoonigan Racing Division | Ford |\n\n",
"### Drivers standings\n\nPoints are awarded to the top sixteen finishers using the following structure:\n\n| Position | **1st** | **2nd** | **3rd** | **4th** | **5th** | **6th** | **7th** | **8th** | **9th** | **10th** | **11th** | **12th** | **13th** | **14th** | **15th** | **16th** |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Points | 20 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |\n|\n\n* **Bold** indicates the fastest in the seeding round.\n* \\* indicates a heat win.\n\n| \n\n Driver\n\n Team\n\n BRA |\n \nMUN\n\n LOU |\n BRI |\n IRW |\n ATL |\n CHA |\n LV |\n Pts |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Toomas Heikkinen](/wiki/Toomas_Heikkinen \"Toomas Heikkinen\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 2\\* |\n 3\\* |\n **1\\*** |\n 1\\* |\n 1 |\n 1\\* |\n **1\\*\\*** |\n 3 |\n 4\\*\\* |\n 169 |\n| 2 | [Tanner Foust](/wiki/Tanner_Foust \"Tanner Foust\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 8\\* |\n 6\\* |\n 3 |\n 4\\* |\n 7 |\n 2 |\n 2\\* |\n 10\\* |\n **2\\*\\*** |\n 123 |\n| 3 | [Ken Block](/wiki/Ken_Block \"Ken Block\")\n\n Hoonigan Racing Division\n\n 9 |\n 2\\* |\n DSQ |\n **5\\*** |\n **2\\*\\*** |\n 6\\* |\n 8\\*\\* |\n **7\\*\\*** |\n 1\\*\\* |\n 115 |\n| 4 | [Brian Deegan](/wiki/Brian_Deegan_%28rider%29 \"Brian Deegan (rider)\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 5\\* |\n 7 |\n 9\\* |\n 3 |\n 3 |\n **7** |\n 6 |\n 2\\* |\n 13 |\n 106 |\n| 5 | [Scott Speed](/wiki/Scott_Speed \"Scott Speed\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n 1\\* |\n 9 |\n 15 |\n 9 |\n 13 |\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 1\\* |\n 9\\*\\* |\n 94 |\n| 6 | [Patrik Sandell](/wiki/Patrik_Sandell \"Patrik Sandell\")\n\n Olsbergs MSE\n\n 3 |\n 8 |\n 13 |\n 2 |\n 5\\*\\* |\n 8 |\n 11 |\n 13 |\n 7 |\n 89 |\n| 7 | [Sverre Isachsen](/wiki/Sverre_Isachsen \"Sverre Isachsen\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross\n\n |\n 17 |\n 8 |\n 6 |\n 4\\* |\n 3\\* |\n 3 |\n 8 |\n 5 |\n 86 |\n| 8 | [Steve Arpin](/wiki/Steve_Arpin \"Steve Arpin\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n 4 |\n 11 |\n 5 |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n 14 |\n 9 |\n 5 |\n 8 |\n 79 |\n| 9 | [Liam Doran](/wiki/Liam_Doran \"Liam Doran\")\n\n LD Motorsport\n\n **13** |\n **1\\*** |\n 2\\* |\n |\n 9 |\n 10\\* |\n |\n |\n |\n 59 |\n| 10 | [Travis Pastrana](/wiki/Travis_Pastrana \"Travis Pastrana\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n 7 |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n |\n 5 |\n |\n 9\\* |\n 3 |\n 56 |\n| 11 | [Bucky Lasek](/wiki/Bucky_Lasek \"Bucky Lasek\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross\n\n |\n 14 |\n 11 |\n 8 |\n 12 |\n 11 |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n 14 |\n 49 |\n| 12 | [Dave Mirra](/wiki/Dave_Mirra \"Dave Mirra\")\n\n Subaru Puma Rallycross/Prodrive\n\n |\n 15 |\n 14 |\n 13 |\n 11 |\n 15 |\n 4 |\n 12 |\n DNS |\n 36 |\n| 13 | [Bryce Menzies](/wiki/Bryce_Menzies \"Bryce Menzies\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n 15 |\n 16 |\n 17 |\n 11 |\n 10 |\n 13 |\n |\n 14 |\n 6 |\n 35 |\n| 14 | [Timur Timerzyanov](/wiki/Timur_Timerzyanov \"Timur Timerzyanov\")\n\n Pastrana Racing/Marklund Motorsport\n\n |\n 10 |\n 12 |\n |\n 8 |\n 18 |\n 5 |\n |\n |\n 34 |\n| 15 | [Mattias Ekström](/wiki/Mattias_Ekstr%C3%B6m \"Mattias Ekström\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n |\n 5 |\n 4\\* |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 26 |\n| 16 | [Anton Marklund](/wiki/Anton_Marklund \"Anton Marklund\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n 6 |\n 4 |\n 16 |\n |\n |\n 17 |\n |\n |\n |\n 26 |\n| 17 | [Stephan Verdier](/wiki/Stephan_Verdier \"Stephan Verdier\")\n\n Verdier Racing/Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 12 |\n |\n 4 |\n 12 |\n 23 |\n| 18 | [Rhys Millen](/wiki/Rhys_Millen \"Rhys Millen\")\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 4 |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n 20 |\n| 19 | [Nelson Piquet Jr.](/wiki/Nelson_Piquet_Jr. \"Nelson Piquet Jr.\")\n\n X Team Racing\n\n 11 |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n |\n |\n |\n 15 |\n 15 |\n 17 |\n| 20 | [Townsend Bell](/wiki/Townsend_Bell \"Townsend Bell\")\n\n OMSE2\n\n |\n 12 |\n 6 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 16 |\n| 21 | [Guilherme Spinelli](/wiki/Guilherme_Spinelli \"Guilherme Spinelli\")\n\n X Team Racing\n\n |\n 13 |\n 7 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 14 |\n| 22 | [Pat Moro](/wiki/Pat_Moro \"Pat Moro\")\n\n PMR Motorsports\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 11 |\n 11 |\n 12 |\n| 23 | [Buddy Rice](/wiki/Buddy_Rice \"Buddy Rice\")\n\n Marklund Motorsport\n\n 10 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n| 24 | [Henning Solberg](/wiki/Henning_Solberg \"Henning Solberg\")\n\n Pastrana Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n |\n |\n 7 |\n| 25 | [Mauricio Neves](/wiki/Mauricio_Neves \"Mauricio Neves\")\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n 12 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 5 |\n| 26 | [Eduardo Marques Jr.](/wiki/Eduardo_Marques_Jr. \"Eduardo Marques Jr.\")\n\n XRC Team Brasil\n\n 14 |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 3 |\n| 27 | [David Sterckx](/wiki/David_Sterckx \"David Sterckx\")\n\n Rhys Millen Racing\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 16 |\n |\n |\n |\n 1 |\n| 28 | [Nani Roma](/wiki/Nani_Roma \"Nani Roma\")\n\n All4 Racing\n\n |\n \\- |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 0 |\n| 29 | [Carlos Sainz](/wiki/Carlos_Sainz_Sr. \"Carlos Sainz Sr.\")\n\n [Marklund Motorsport](/wiki/Marklund_Motorsport \"Marklund Motorsport\")\n\n |\n \\- |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 0 |\n\n| Colour | Result |\n| --- | --- |\n| Gold | Winner |\n| Silver | 2nd place |\n| Bronze | 3rd place |\n| Green | Finished, in points |\n| Blue Finished, no points |\n| Not classified (NC) |\n| Purple | Did not finish (Ret) |\n| Black | Disqualified (DSQ) |\n| White Did not start (DNS) |\n\n Withdrew (WD) |\n Race cancelled (C) || Blank | Did not participate |\n| Excluded (EX) |\n\n#### GRC Lites\n\n| \n\n Driver\n\n No.\n\n Team\n\n LOU |\n BRI |\n IRW |\n ATL |\n CHA |\n LV |\n |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Joni Wiman](/wiki/Joni_Wiman \"Joni Wiman\")\n\n 93\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 128 |\n| 2 | [Sebastian Eriksson](/wiki/Sebastian_Eriksson_%28racing_driver%29 \"Sebastian Eriksson (racing driver)\")\n\n 37\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 2\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 93 |\n| 3 | Mitchell deJong\n\n 24\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 4\n\n |\n 2\n\n 2\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 81 |\n| 4 | [Kevin Eriksson](/wiki/Kevin_Eriksson \"Kevin Eriksson\")\n\n 39\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 6\n\n 75 |\n| 5 | Alexander Westlund\n\n 55\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 74 |\n| 6 | Austin Dyne\n\n 99\n\n AD Racing\n\n 6\n\n 2\n\n 10 |\n 8 |\n 8\n\n 4\n\n 66 |\n| 7 | Geoff Sykes\n\n 65\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 7 |\n 4\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 2\n\n 8\n\n 66 |\n| 8 | Harry Cheung\n\n 88\n\n Cohesive Front Racing\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 8\n\n 9 |\n 6\n\n |\n 46 |\n| 9 | Halid Avdagic\n\n 4\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 8 |\n 8 |\n 7\n\n |\n |\n |\n 29 |\n| 10 | [Reinis Nitišs](/wiki/Reinis_Niti%C5%A1s \"Reinis Nitišs\")\n\n 15\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n 5\n\n 6\n\n |\n |\n 23 |\n| 11 | Tyler Benson\n\n 60\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n 9\n\n 10 |\n 22 |\n| 12 | Eric Faren\n\n 21\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 2\n\n 18 |\n| 13 | Brent Lee\n\n 35\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 9 |\n 8 |\n|\n\n",
"#### GRC Lites\n\n| \n\n Driver\n\n No.\n\n Team\n\n LOU |\n BRI |\n IRW |\n ATL |\n CHA |\n LV |\n |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | [Joni Wiman](/wiki/Joni_Wiman \"Joni Wiman\")\n\n 93\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 1\n\n 128 |\n| 2 | [Sebastian Eriksson](/wiki/Sebastian_Eriksson_%28racing_driver%29 \"Sebastian Eriksson (racing driver)\")\n\n 37\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 2\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 3\n\n 93 |\n| 3 | Mitchell deJong\n\n 24\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 4\n\n |\n 2\n\n 2\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 81 |\n| 4 | [Kevin Eriksson](/wiki/Kevin_Eriksson \"Kevin Eriksson\")\n\n 39\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 6\n\n 75 |\n| 5 | Alexander Westlund\n\n 55\n\n Set Promotion\n\n 5\n\n 3\n\n 6\n\n 4\n\n 5\n\n 7\n\n 74 |\n| 6 | Austin Dyne\n\n 99\n\n AD Racing\n\n 6\n\n 2\n\n 10 |\n 8 |\n 8\n\n 4\n\n 66 |\n| 7 | Geoff Sykes\n\n 65\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 7 |\n 4\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 2\n\n 8\n\n 66 |\n| 8 | Harry Cheung\n\n 88\n\n Cohesive Front Racing\n\n 9 |\n 7 |\n 8\n\n 9 |\n 6\n\n |\n 46 |\n| 9 | Halid Avdagic\n\n 4\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n 8 |\n 8 |\n 7\n\n |\n |\n |\n 29 |\n| 10 | [Reinis Nitišs](/wiki/Reinis_Niti%C5%A1s \"Reinis Nitišs\")\n\n 15\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n 5\n\n 6\n\n |\n |\n 23 |\n| 11 | Tyler Benson\n\n 60\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n 10 |\n 9\n\n 10 |\n 22 |\n| 12 | Eric Faren\n\n 21\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 2\n\n 18 |\n| 13 | Brent Lee\n\n 35\n\n [Olsbergs MSE](/wiki/Olsbergs_MSE \"Olsbergs MSE\")\n\n |\n |\n |\n |\n |\n 9 |\n 8 |\n|\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:X Games](/wiki/Category:X_Games \"X Games\")\n[Global RallyCross](/wiki/Category:2013_in_motorsport \"2013 in motorsport\")\n[Category:GRC Rallycross](/wiki/Category:GRC_Rallycross \"GRC Rallycross\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Recomeço
|
{
"id": [
28633176
],
"name": [
"Allan Nonymous"
]
}
|
my88eobian5tkaw1as1sgq53psnpdqu
|
2024-04-19T15:27:28Z
| 1,163,588,208 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Background",
"Track listing",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Recomeço** is the debut [studio album](/wiki/Studio_album \"Studio album\") of Brazilian rapper [Mr. Gângster](/wiki/Mr._G%C3%A2ngster \"Mr. Gângster\"), released in 2013, containing the singles \"Recomeço\"[WELLHIPHOP: \"Rolé A Noite\" e \"Recomeço\", conheça alguns trabalhos do rapper Mr. Gangster](https://archive.today/20130412042201/http://www.wellhiphop.com/2013/01/role-noite-e-recomeco-conheca-alguns.html) and \"Rolé a Noite\".[ZonaSuburbana \\- Rap \\& Hip Hop \\| Mr. Gângster – Rolé a Noite \\[Single]](http://www.zonasuburbana.com.br/mr-gangster-role-a-noite-single/). \n\n",
"Background\n----------\n\nThe recording of Recomeço began in 2012 and has the participation of singers Máximos, in the song *Rolé a Noite*, and Cesar Dreamer, in the song *Campeão (Remix)*.[Mr. Gângster, Cantor e compositor, é um dos principais nomes do rap em Pernambuco \\- Rap Brasil no Palco Principal](http://palcoprincipal.sapo.ao/rapbrasil/blog/2013/05/19/mr_gangster_cantor_e_compositor_e_um_dos_principais_nomes_do_rap_em_pernambuco)\nThe album's first [single](/wiki/Single-player_video_game \"Single-player video game\") was *Recomeço*, the most successful song of the album, which caused [Mr. Gângster](/wiki/Mr._G%C3%A2ngster \"Mr. Gângster\") to be more widely recognized.\nThe second single from the album, *Rolé a Noite*, included the participation of Máximos, produced in part from the CDC Records label.[ZonaSuburbana \\- Rap \\& Hip Hop \\| Mr. Gângster – Recomeço \\[EP]](http://www.zonasuburbana.com.br/mr-gangster-recomeco-ep/). \n\n",
"Track listing\n-------------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Mr. Gângster albums](/wiki/Category:Mr._G%C3%A2ngster_albums \"Mr. Gângster albums\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Harramiz
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"85.245.74.117"
]
}
|
sie23nnquiueo20f93116xkd74uirwh
|
2024-09-01T23:50:03Z
| 1,237,795,750 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Club career",
"International career",
"Career statistics",
"Club",
"International goals",
"Honours",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Harramiz Quieta Ferreira Soares** (born 3 August 1990\\), known simply as **Harramiz**, is a Santoméan professional [footballer](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\") who plays as a [winger](/wiki/Winger_%28association_football%29 \"Winger (association football)\") or [forward](/wiki/Forward_%28association_football%29 \"Forward (association football)\") for [Liga Portugal 2](/wiki/Liga_Portugal_2 \"Liga Portugal 2\") club [Alverca](/wiki/F.C._Alverca \"F.C. Alverca\") and the [São Tomé and Príncipe national team](/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_national_football_team \"São Tomé and Príncipe national football team\").\n\nHe spent most of his career in [Portugal's second tier](/wiki/Liga_Portugal_2 \"Liga Portugal 2\"), playing over 200 games across ten clubs. He also appeared in two [Primeira Liga](/wiki/Primeira_Liga \"Primeira Liga\") matches for [Tondela](/wiki/C.D._Tondela \"C.D. Tondela\") in 2018\\.\n\n",
"Club career\n-----------\n\nHarramiz was born in [São Tomé](/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9 \"São Tomé\"). In June 2013, after starting his senior career in Portugal's lower leagues, he moved straight into the [Primeira Liga](/wiki/Primeira_Liga \"Primeira Liga\") when he joined [S.L. Benfica](/wiki/S.L._Benfica \"S.L. Benfica\"), for a fee of €15,000\\.\n\nHarramiz was initially assigned to [the B team](/wiki/S.L._Benfica_B \"S.L. Benfica B\") in the [Segunda Liga](/wiki/Segunda_Liga \"Segunda Liga\"). On 10 August 2013, aged 23, he played his first game as a professional, featuring the full 90 minutes and being [booked](/wiki/Penalty_card%23Yellow \"Penalty card#Yellow\") in a 0–0 away draw against [C.D. Trofense](/wiki/C.D._Trofense \"C.D. Trofense\"). Eleven days later, in another away fixture, he scored his first league goal, contributing to a 2–2 draw with [S.C. Beira\\-Mar](/wiki/S.C._Beira-Mar \"S.C. Beira-Mar\").\n\nOn 31 August 2014, Harramiz was loaned to [S.C. Farense](/wiki/S.C._Farense \"S.C. Farense\") in a [season](/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Segunda_Liga \"2014–15 Segunda Liga\")\\-long deal, Six of his eight goals came during the last month of competition, and the [Algarve](/wiki/Algarve \"Algarve\") team finally ranked in 11th place.\n\nIn the following years, Harramiz continued to compete in the second division, with [S.C. Covilhã](/wiki/S.C._Covilh%C3%A3 \"S.C. Covilhã\") and [Académica de Coimbra](/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mica_de_Coimbra_%28football%29 \"Académica de Coimbra (football)\"). On 31 January 2018, he returned to the top flight after signing with [C.D. Tondela](/wiki/C.D._Tondela \"C.D. Tondela\") until 30 June, and he made his debut in the competition on 26 February by coming on as a late [substitute](/wiki/Substitute_%28association_football%29 \"Substitute (association football)\") in a 1–0 loss at [S.C. Braga](/wiki/S.C._Braga \"S.C. Braga\").\n\nOn 31 July 2018, Harramiz returned to division two with [C.D. Mafra](/wiki/C.D._Mafra \"C.D. Mafra\"). Having scored a joint personal best ten goals in his [one season](/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_LigaPro \"2018–19 LigaPro\"), he moved on to [Leixões SC](/wiki/Leix%C3%B5es_S.C. \"Leixões S.C.\").\n\nHarramiz cut his ties with Leixões on 1 October 2020 and made his way to [G.D. Estoril Praia](/wiki/G.D._Estoril_Praia \"G.D. Estoril Praia\"); he had played against that club four days earlier. The following 27 January, he scored away to top\\-tier [C.S. Marítimo](/wiki/C.S._Mar%C3%ADtimo \"C.S. Marítimo\") in a 3–1 [extra time](/wiki/Overtime_%28sports%29 \"Overtime (sports)\") win as his side [reached the semi\\-finals](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Ta%C3%A7a_de_Portugal \"2020–21 Taça de Portugal\") of the [Taça de Portugal](/wiki/Ta%C3%A7a_de_Portugal \"Taça de Portugal\").\n\nIn July 2021, after [winning the second division](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Liga_Portugal_2 \"2020–21 Liga Portugal 2\") with Estoril, Harramiz left Portuguese football for the first time to sign for [Neftçi PFK](/wiki/Neft%C3%A7i_PFK \"Neftçi PFK\") in Azerbaijan; he was joined in [Baku](/wiki/Baku \"Baku\") by teammate [Hugo Basto](/wiki/Hugo_Basto \"Hugo Basto\"). On 21 January 2022, he left after making 11 appearances.\n\nHarramiz returned to the Portuguese second tier subsequently, starting with Farense then moving to [S.C.U. Torreense](/wiki/S.C.U._Torreense \"S.C.U. Torreense\") in January 2023 and [Länk FC Vilaverdense](/wiki/L%C3%A4nk_FC_Vilaverdense \"Länk FC Vilaverdense\") in the summer. On 28 December 2023, he and his teammate Yannick Semedo terminated their contracts at the latter due to allegedly unpaid wages.\n\nIn February 2024, Harramiz joined [Liga 3](/wiki/Liga_3_%28Portugal%29 \"Liga 3 (Portugal)\") club [F.C. Alverca](/wiki/F.C._Alverca \"F.C. Alverca\").\n\n",
"International career\n--------------------\n\nHarramiz earned his first [cap](/wiki/Cap_%28sport%29 \"Cap (sport)\") for [São Tomé and Príncipe](/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_national_football_team \"São Tomé and Príncipe national football team\") on 5 September 2015, starting in a 0–3 home loss to [Morocco](/wiki/Morocco_national_football_team \"Morocco national football team\") for the [2017 Africa Cup of Nations](/wiki/2017_Africa_Cup_of_Nations \"2017 Africa Cup of Nations\") [qualifiers](/wiki/2017_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification \"2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification\").\n\n",
"Career statistics\n-----------------\n\n### Club\n\n|Club\n\nSeason\n\nLeague\n\nNational cup\n\nLeague cup\n\nContinental\n\nTotal\n\n| |\n| Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n| [Benfica B](/wiki/S.L._Benfica_B \"S.L. Benfica B\") | [2013–14](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_Segunda_Liga \"2013–14 Segunda Liga\") | 18 | 3 |——— 18 | 3 |\n| [Farense](/wiki/S.C._Farense \"S.C. Farense\") | [2014–15](/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Segunda_Liga \"2014–15 Segunda Liga\") | 33 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 33 | 8 |\n|Career Total\n\n 51 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 51 | 11 |\n\n### International goals\n\n (São Tomé and Príncipe score listed first, score column indicates score after each Harramiz goal)\n\n| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | 26 March 2017 | [Mahamasina Municipal Stadium](/wiki/Mahamasina_Municipal_Stadium \"Mahamasina Municipal Stadium\"), [Antananarivo](/wiki/Antananarivo \"Antananarivo\"), [Madagascar](/wiki/Madagascar \"Madagascar\") | | **1**–2 | 2–3 | [2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification](/wiki/2019_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification \"2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification\") |\n| 2\\. | 16 November 2020 | [Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium](/wiki/Nelson_Mandela_Bay_Stadium \"Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium\"), [Port Elizabeth](/wiki/Port_Elizabeth \"Port Elizabeth\"), [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa \"South Africa\") | | **2**–2 | 2–4 | [2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification](/wiki/2021_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification_Group_C \"2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group C\") |\n\n",
"### Club\n\n|Club\n\nSeason\n\nLeague\n\nNational cup\n\nLeague cup\n\nContinental\n\nTotal\n\n| |\n| Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |\n| [Benfica B](/wiki/S.L._Benfica_B \"S.L. Benfica B\") | [2013–14](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_Segunda_Liga \"2013–14 Segunda Liga\") | 18 | 3 |——— 18 | 3 |\n| [Farense](/wiki/S.C._Farense \"S.C. Farense\") | [2014–15](/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Segunda_Liga \"2014–15 Segunda Liga\") | 33 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 33 | 8 |\n|Career Total\n\n 51 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |— 51 | 11 |\n\n",
"### International goals\n\n (São Tomé and Príncipe score listed first, score column indicates score after each Harramiz goal)\n\n| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | 26 March 2017 | [Mahamasina Municipal Stadium](/wiki/Mahamasina_Municipal_Stadium \"Mahamasina Municipal Stadium\"), [Antananarivo](/wiki/Antananarivo \"Antananarivo\"), [Madagascar](/wiki/Madagascar \"Madagascar\") | | **1**–2 | 2–3 | [2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification](/wiki/2019_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification \"2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification\") |\n| 2\\. | 16 November 2020 | [Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium](/wiki/Nelson_Mandela_Bay_Stadium \"Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium\"), [Port Elizabeth](/wiki/Port_Elizabeth \"Port Elizabeth\"), [South Africa](/wiki/South_Africa \"South Africa\") | | **2**–2 | 2–4 | [2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification](/wiki/2021_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification_Group_C \"2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group C\") |\n\n",
"Honours\n-------\n\n**Estoril**\n* [Liga Portugal 2](/wiki/Liga_Portugal_2 \"Liga Portugal 2\"): [2020–21](/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Liga_Portugal_2 \"2020–21 Liga Portugal 2\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1990 births](/wiki/Category:1990_births \"1990 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:People from São Tomé](/wiki/Category:People_from_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9 \"People from São Tomé\")\n[Category:São Tomé and Príncipe men's footballers](/wiki/Category:S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_men%27s_footballers \"São Tomé and Príncipe men's footballers\")\n[Category:Men's association football wingers](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_wingers \"Men's association football wingers\")\n[Category:Men's association football forwards](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_forwards \"Men's association football forwards\")\n[Category:Primeira Liga players](/wiki/Category:Primeira_Liga_players \"Primeira Liga players\")\n[Category:Liga Portugal 2 players](/wiki/Category:Liga_Portugal_2_players \"Liga Portugal 2 players\")\n[Category:Liga 3 (Portugal) players](/wiki/Category:Liga_3_%28Portugal%29_players \"Liga 3 (Portugal) players\")\n[Category:O Elvas C.A.D. players](/wiki/Category:O_Elvas_C.A.D._players \"O Elvas C.A.D. players\")\n[Category:União Montemor players](/wiki/Category:Uni%C3%A3o_Montemor_players \"União Montemor players\")\n[Category:S.L. Benfica B players](/wiki/Category:S.L._Benfica_B_players \"S.L. Benfica B players\")\n[Category:S.C. Farense players](/wiki/Category:S.C._Farense_players \"S.C. Farense players\")\n[Category:S.C. Covilhã players](/wiki/Category:S.C._Covilh%C3%A3_players \"S.C. Covilhã players\")\n[Category:Académica de Coimbra (football) players](/wiki/Category:Acad%C3%A9mica_de_Coimbra_%28football%29_players \"Académica de Coimbra (football) players\")\n[Category:C.D. Tondela players](/wiki/Category:C.D._Tondela_players \"C.D. Tondela players\")\n[Category:C.D. Mafra players](/wiki/Category:C.D._Mafra_players \"C.D. Mafra players\")\n[Category:Leixões S.C. players](/wiki/Category:Leix%C3%B5es_S.C._players \"Leixões S.C. players\")\n[Category:G.D. Estoril Praia players](/wiki/Category:G.D._Estoril_Praia_players \"G.D. Estoril Praia players\")\n[Category:S.C.U. Torreense players](/wiki/Category:S.C.U._Torreense_players \"S.C.U. Torreense players\")\n[Category:Länk FC Vilaverdense players](/wiki/Category:L%C3%A4nk_FC_Vilaverdense_players \"Länk FC Vilaverdense players\")\n[Category:F.C. Alverca players](/wiki/Category:F.C._Alverca_players \"F.C. Alverca players\")\n[Category:Azerbaijan Premier League players](/wiki/Category:Azerbaijan_Premier_League_players \"Azerbaijan Premier League players\")\n[Category:Neftçi PFK players](/wiki/Category:Neft%C3%A7i_PFK_players \"Neftçi PFK players\")\n[Category:São Tomé and Príncipe men's international footballers](/wiki/Category:S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_men%27s_international_footballers \"São Tomé and Príncipe men's international footballers\")\n[Category:São Tomé and Príncipe expatriate men's footballers](/wiki/Category:S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_expatriate_men%27s_footballers \"São Tomé and Príncipe expatriate men's footballers\")\n[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_men%27s_footballers_in_Portugal \"Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal\")\n[Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Azerbaijan](/wiki/Category:Expatriate_men%27s_footballers_in_Azerbaijan \"Expatriate men's footballers in Azerbaijan\")\n[Category:São Tomé and Príncipe expatriate sportspeople in Portugal](/wiki/Category:S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_expatriate_sportspeople_in_Portugal \"São Tomé and Príncipe expatriate sportspeople in Portugal\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Roshan Perera
|
{
"id": [
19413814
],
"name": [
"Olivia emirates"
]
}
|
auhanf7jco7xvfizbtbjbq5xygmg7ip
|
2024-09-23T02:09:16Z
| 1,247,153,911 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"Beauty Pageants",
"Other ventures",
"Interests",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n* + \n\n**Roshan Perera** (born 2 April 1976\\) is a [Sri Lankan](/wiki/Sri_Lanka \"Sri Lanka\") entrepreneur, business magnate, investor and [philanthropist](/wiki/Philanthropy \"Philanthropy\"). He was also the CEO of Bellucci Sri Lanka (pvt) Ltd in 1996, which he made into Asia's largest ceramic figurine manufacturing company.[lanka japan trade](http://www.mfa.gov.lk/index.php/en/foreign-policy/agreementsmous-/298-news/5146-sri-lanka--japan-trade-investment-and-tourism|title=sri) He eventually owned the company while employing over 5,000 staff members. The company was the flagship supplier to multinational companies such as [Disney](/wiki/Disney \"Disney\"), [Hallmark](/wiki/Hallmark \"Hallmark\") and [Walmart](/wiki/Walmart \"Walmart\").\n\nAt 22, he was considered the youngest Sri Lankan billionaire [entrepreneur](/wiki/Entrepreneur \"Entrepreneur\")<http://www.priu.gov.lk/news_update/features/20020107model_working_environment.html> *The Sunday Times*, 6 January 2002 to run organizations with over 10 billion [Sri Lankan rupees](/wiki/Sri_Lankan_rupees \"Sri Lankan rupees\") turnover. By 2001, his business empire was diversified into branches for ceramics, agriculture, packaging, freight\\-forwarding, clothing and fashion, and media and investments.[Roshan Perera 56th president](http://dailynews.lk/2016/07/14/business/87430/)[150 million investment](http://www.dailymirror.lk/76709/grains-n-green-invests-rs-150-mn-in-rice-milling-factory/)\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nAfter dropping out of [Harvard Business School](/wiki/Harvard_Business_School \"Harvard Business School\") and returning home, he developed the contact he had made with Disney, in particular with the then Disney CEO [Michael Eisner](/wiki/Michael_Eisner \"Michael Eisner\"). He convinced Disney to visit Sri Lanka in 1996 braving the civil war that ravaged the country This was the breakthrough the country needed: Disney was the world's only Fortune 500 company to purchase goods from the war\\-torn island, which laid the foundation for other companies such as [Hallmark](/wiki/Hallmark \"Hallmark\") to follow suit and boost the economy of Sri Lanka.\n\nUnhappy with simply manufacturing figurines for international brands, Perera launched his own brand named Bellucci.\n\n",
"Beauty Pageants\n---------------\n\nRoshan Perera is the Franchisee for [Miss Sri Lanka Online](/wiki/Miss_Sri_Lanka_Online \"Miss Sri Lanka Online\"), Miss Sri Lanka for Miss Intercontinental, which is the country's most popular beauty pageant to\\-date.,\n\nIn 2005 he ventured into the beauty pageant Industry, some of the winners who came from his organizations include [Maria Colombage](/wiki/Maria_Colombage \"Maria Colombage\") and [Jacqueline Fernandez](/wiki/Jacqueline_Fernandez \"Jacqueline Fernandez\").\n\n",
"Other ventures\n--------------\n\nHis main investment is considered to be \"Lanka SS\", the company he inherited from his father, which manufactures [ice skates](/wiki/Ice_skate \"Ice skate\"). The flagship company Platinum Holdings is considered to have investments diversified in countries from Australia to India.[perera expands](http://www.ft.lk/article/434839/Demand-for-Akshata-Rice-paves-way-for-mega-rice-milling-factory/roshan) \n\n[right\\|thumbnail\\|Bellucci head officeIn](/wiki/File:Roshan_perera_limousine.jpg \"Roshan perera limousine.jpg\") agriculture, the company is currently popularizing traditional rice varieties[Roshan Perera Introduces AVIKI Traditional Rice](https://www.pressreader.com/sri-lanka/daily-mirror-sri-lanka/20190808/282338271499238) *Daily Mirror*. 8 August 2019\\. Retrieved 21 November 2022 known as the Miracle Rice of Sri Lanka.[flour milling factory](http://www.dailymirror.lk/76709/grains-n-green-invests-rs-150-mn-in-rice-milling-factory/largest)[Rice factory by Roshan Perera factory](http://www.ft.lk/article/434839/Demand-for-Akshata-Rice-paves-way-for-mega-rice-milling-factory/Mega) Over 10,000 acres of farm land is used for this purpose. \n\n",
"Interests\n---------\n\nHe was the youngest major donor to Sri Lanka's largest [Rotary Club](/wiki/Rotary_Club \"Rotary Club\") and subsequently became its President.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [*Distribution of Seed Paddy* article](http://dailynews.lk/2018/12/05/business/170301/akshata-distributes-low-gi-non-gmo-paddy-seeds)\n* [*Dailymirror* article](http://www.dailymirror.lk/article/CB-Governor-speaks-on-economy-at-Rotary-Club-meeting-124804.html)\n* [*SL Government News* article](https://web.archive.org/web/20120620191624/http://www.priu.gov.lk/news_update/features/20020107model_working_environment.htm)\n* [http://www.ft.lk/agriculture/550\\-acre\\-zone\\-exclusively\\-for\\-\\-Akshata\\-\\-Non\\-GMO\\-Rice/31\\-664987](http://www.ft.lk/agriculture/550-acre-zone-exclusively-for--Akshata--Non-GMO-Rice/31-664987) *DailyFT* article]\n* [*Sunday Observer*](https://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2015/06/28/fin03.asp)\n* [*A model working environment* at sundaytimes.lk Business](http://sundaytimes.lk/020106/bus5.html)\n* [Daily News Business Article](http://www.dailynews.lk/?q=2016/07/14/business/87430)\n* [The Sunday Leader (PDF)](http://www.thesundayleader.lk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Page-402.pdf)\n* [*Sunday Times* article](http://www.sundaytimes.lk/020407/bus.html)\n* [*daily FT* article](http://www.ft.lk/article/554884/Most-glamorous--Miss-Intercontinental-Sri-Lanka--finale.html)\n* [Daily Mirror](http://www.dailymirror.lk/112490/Rotary-Club-of-Colombo-West-inducts-th-President-)\n* [*Daily FT* article](http://www.ft.lk/article/434839/Demand-for-Akshata-Rice-paves-way-for-mega-rice-milling-factory.html)\n* [http://archives1\\.sundayobserver.lk/2016/11/06/happenings/beauties\\-aid\\-immobile](http://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2016/11/06/happenings/beauties-aid-immobile)\n* [*Dailynews* article](http://www.dailynews.lk/2017/03/03/business/109272/economic-reforms-should-be-consistent-cb-governor)\n* [http://www.dailymirror.lk/article/Rotary\\-Club\\-of\\-Colombo\\-West\\-President\\-receives\\-Best\\-Presidentd\\-award\\-132406\\.html](http://www.dailymirror.lk/article/Rotary-Club-of-Colombo-West-President-receives-Best-Presidentd-award-132406.html)\n* [*The Island* article](http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=192950)\n* [http://dailynews.lk/2017/07/06/business/121079/colombo\\-west\\-rotarian\\-president\\-wins\\-%E2%80%98best\\-president%E2%80%99\\-award](http://dailynews.lk/2017/07/06/business/121079/colombo-west-rotarian-president-wins-%E2%80%98best-president%E2%80%99-award)\n* [http://www.dailymirror.lk/article/Ravi\\-attends\\-Rotary\\-Club\\-Colombo\\-West\\-event\\-as\\-guest\\-speaker\\-133743\\.html](http://www.dailymirror.lk/article/Ravi-attends-Rotary-Club-Colombo-West-event-as-guest-speaker-133743.html) *Dailymirror* article]\n* [http://www.ft.lk/agriculture/Akshata\\-distributes\\-10\\-000\\-kg\\-of\\-low\\-GI\\-\\-non\\-GMO\\-paddy\\-seeds/31\\-667831](http://www.ft.lk/agriculture/Akshata-distributes-10-000-kg-of-low-GI--non-GMO-paddy-seeds/31-667831)\n\n[Category:1976 births](/wiki/Category:1976_births \"1976 births\")\n[Category:Sri Lankan chief executives](/wiki/Category:Sri_Lankan_chief_executives \"Sri Lankan chief executives\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Harvard Business School alumni](/wiki/Category:Harvard_Business_School_alumni \"Harvard Business School alumni\")\n[Category:University of Connecticut alumni](/wiki/Category:University_of_Connecticut_alumni \"University of Connecticut alumni\")\n[Category:St. Joseph's University (New York) alumni](/wiki/Category:St._Joseph%27s_University_%28New_York%29_alumni \"St. Joseph's University (New York) alumni\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Inhaca fringelip
|
{
"id": [
1956573
],
"name": [
"Pvmoutside"
]
}
|
af2d6b4eoavxpyg2xqibkuy3m07twgl
|
2023-04-15T13:24:53Z
| 1,010,624,471 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Inhaca fringelip**[Common names of *Cirrhimuraena inhacae*](http://www.fishbase.org/comnames/CommonNamesList.php?ID=15669&GenusName=Cirrhimuraena&SpeciesName=inhacae&StockCode=14811) at www.fishbase.org. (***Cirrhimuraena inhacae***) is an [eel](/wiki/Eel \"Eel\") in the family [Ophichthidae](/wiki/Ophichthidae \"Ophichthidae\") (worm/snake eels).[*Cirrhimuraena inhacae*](http://www.fishbase.org/summary/Cirrhimuraena-inhacae.html) at www.fishbase.org. It was described by [J.L.B. Smith](/wiki/J.L.B._Smith \"J.L.B. Smith\") in 1962\\.Smith, J. L. B., 1962 \\[ref. 6436] [*Sand\\-dwelling eels of the Western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea.* Ichthyological Bulletin no. 24](http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019664), 447\\-466, Pls. 63\\-68\\. Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University It is a [marine](/wiki/Marine_biology \"Marine biology\"), [tropical](/wiki/Tropical \"Tropical\") eel which is known from the western [Indian Ocean](/wiki/Indian_Ocean \"Indian Ocean\"), including [Inhaca Island](/wiki/Inhaca_Island \"Inhaca Island\"), [Mozambique](/wiki/Mozambique \"Mozambique\") and [Madagascar](/wiki/Madagascar \"Madagascar\"). Males can reach a maximum [total length](/wiki/Total_length \"Total length\") of .\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Ophichthidae](/wiki/Category:Ophichthidae \"Ophichthidae\")\n[Category:Fish described in 1962](/wiki/Category:Fish_described_in_1962 \"Fish described in 1962\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Caleta Blanco Airport
|
{
"id": [
39191556
],
"name": [
"SimLibrarian"
]
}
|
8k4pk8nkz3la24n2a2oln00pjy4dsqg
|
2024-07-13T19:45:20Z
| 1,143,977,185 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Caleta Blanco Airport** , is an airport serving the villages of Puerto Aguirre [(es)](/wiki/Puerto_Aguirre_%28Chile%29 \"Puerto Aguirre (Chile)\") and Caleta Andrade [(es)](/wiki/Caleta_Andrade \"Caleta Andrade\") on [Isla Las Huichas](/wiki/Isla_Las_Huichas \"Isla Las Huichas\") [(es)](/wiki/Isla_Las_Huichas \"Isla Las Huichas\"), an island in the [Aysén Region](/wiki/Ays%C3%A9n_Region \"Aysén Region\") of [Chile](/wiki/Chile \"Chile\").\n\nIsla Las Huichas is in the [Chonos Archipelago](/wiki/Chonos_Archipelago \"Chonos Archipelago\"), on the east side of the [Moraleda Channel](/wiki/Moraleda_Channel \"Moraleda Channel\").\n\nThe Puerto Aguirre [VOR\\-DME](/wiki/VOR-DME \"VOR-DME\") (Ident: **PAR**) is located on a hill southwest of the airport. It is not aligned with the runway.[Puerto Aguirre VOR](http://ourairports.com/navaids/PAR/Puerto_Aguirre_VOR-DME_CL/) Approach and departures are over the water.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Transport in Chile](/wiki/Transport_in_Chile \"Transport in Chile\")\n* [List of airports in Chile](/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Chile \"List of airports in Chile\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [OpenStreetMap \\- Caleta Andrade](https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=13/-45.1590/-73.5042)\n* [OurAirports \\- Caleta Blanco](http://ourairports.com/airports/SCIH/pilot-info.html#general)\n* [SkyVector \\- Caleta Andrade](https://skyvector.com/airport/SCIH/Aysen-Caleta-Andrade-Airport)\n* [FallingRain](http://www.fallingrain.com/icao/SCIH.html) \\- Caleta Blanco Airport\n[Category:Airports in Aysén Region](/wiki/Category:Airports_in_Ays%C3%A9n_Region \"Airports in Aysén Region\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Manly Golf Club
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"14.200.66.210"
]
}
|
054k527lcx4l0rqqdubw0uqefdote42
|
2024-08-20T05:58:29Z
| 1,224,379,065 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Women's Australian Open winners",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Manly Golf Club** is a private members club in [Manly, New South Wales](/wiki/Manly%2C_New_South_Wales \"Manly, New South Wales\"), Australia. \n\nThe Club facilities include a Peter Thomson \\& Ross Perrett designed golf course and heritage listed Clubhouse which plays host to a wide variety of events. The Club is a previous host venue of NSW Open, [Australian PGA Championship](/wiki/Australian_PGA_Championship \"Australian PGA Championship\") and the [Women's Australian Open](/wiki/Women%27s_Australian_Open \"Women's Australian Open\").\n\n",
"Women's Australian Open winners\n-------------------------------\n\n* 1977 [Jan Stephenson](/wiki/Jan_Stephenson \"Jan Stephenson\") – \n* 1978 [Debbie Austin](/wiki/Debbie_Austin \"Debbie Austin\") – \n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of golf courses in New South Wales](/wiki/Golf_clubs_and_courses_in_New_South_Wales \"Golf clubs and courses in New South Wales\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Manly Golf Course review, Golf Australia](http://www.golf.org.au/default.aspx?s=playgolf-display&clubid=887)\n\n[Category:1903 establishments in Australia](/wiki/Category:1903_establishments_in_Australia \"1903 establishments in Australia\")\n[Category:Sports clubs and teams established in 1903](/wiki/Category:Sports_clubs_and_teams_established_in_1903 \"Sports clubs and teams established in 1903\")\n[Category:Sports venues completed in 1903](/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_completed_in_1903 \"Sports venues completed in 1903\")\n[Category:Manly, New South Wales](/wiki/Category:Manly%2C_New_South_Wales \"Manly, New South Wales\")\n[Category:Golf clubs and courses in New South Wales](/wiki/Category:Golf_clubs_and_courses_in_New_South_Wales \"Golf clubs and courses in New South Wales\")\n[Category:Sports clubs and teams in Sydney](/wiki/Category:Sports_clubs_and_teams_in_Sydney \"Sports clubs and teams in Sydney\")\n[Category:Sports venues in Sydney](/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_in_Sydney \"Sports venues in Sydney\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Blooming Glen, Pennsylvania
|
{
"id": [
39679749
],
"name": [
"The Space Enthusiast"
]
}
|
1w3ap9z3nfg6ia30ue7c65m44pj26gm
|
2023-07-25T02:23:12Z
| 1,166,612,340 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Geography",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Blooming Glen** is an [unincorporated community](/wiki/Unincorporated_area \"Unincorporated area\") in [Hilltown Township](/wiki/Hilltown_Township%2C_Pennsylvania \"Hilltown Township, Pennsylvania\") in [Bucks County, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Bucks_County%2C_Pennsylvania \"Bucks County, Pennsylvania\"), United States.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nBlooming Glen was once known as \"Perkasie\" for a very short time. In the 1870s its name was Moyers Store, as that was the name of the post office, John S. Moyer was the postmaster. By the time Moyer died, the name was changed to Blooming Glen. William D. Bishop was appointed the next postmaster.MacReynolds, George, *Place Names in Bucks County, Pennsylvania*, Doylestown, Bucks County Historical Society, Doylestown, PA, 1942, P26\\.\n\n",
"Geography\n---------\n\nBlooming Glen is located at the intersection of [Pennsylvania Route 113](/wiki/Pennsylvania_Route_113 \"Pennsylvania Route 113\") and Blooming Glen Road.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Bucks County, Pennsylvania](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Bucks_County%2C_Pennsylvania \"Unincorporated communities in Bucks County, Pennsylvania\")\n[Category:Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania](/wiki/Category:Unincorporated_communities_in_Pennsylvania \"Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Manulea hyalinofuscatum
|
{
"id": [
9784415
],
"name": [
"Tom.Reding"
]
}
|
np0egechtrbekkwy0vq2jgu0ypx5n5j
|
2023-12-06T02:13:13Z
| 998,943,499 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n* + \n\n***Manulea hyalinofuscatum*** is a [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") of the family [Erebidae](/wiki/Erebidae \"Erebidae\"). It is found on [Wrangel Island](/wiki/Wrangel_Island \"Wrangel Island\") and in [Chukotka](/wiki/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug \"Chukotka Autonomous Okrug\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 1990](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_1990 \"Moths described in 1990\")\n[Category:Lithosiina](/wiki/Category:Lithosiina \"Lithosiina\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Kampaniakos F.C.
|
{
"id": [
19244234
],
"name": [
"Sam Sailor"
]
}
|
o7kqvaw1grk45fqk5tnv7i0z6qt4haq
|
2024-10-01T10:54:37Z
| 1,248,766,797 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Kampaniakos F.C.** is a [Greek](/wiki/Greece \"Greece\") [football](/wiki/Football_%28soccer%29 \"Football (soccer)\") club, based in [Chalastra](/wiki/Chalastra \"Chalastra\"), [Thessaloniki](/wiki/Thessaloniki_%28regional_unit%29 \"Thessaloniki (regional unit)\").\n\nThe club was founded in 1947\\. They played for 5 seasons in a row in [Gamma Ethniki](/wiki/Gamma_Ethniki \"Gamma Ethniki\") until season 2017–18\\.\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Football clubs in Central Macedonia](/wiki/Category:Football_clubs_in_Central_Macedonia \"Football clubs in Central Macedonia\")\n[Category:Super League Greece 2 clubs](/wiki/Category:Super_League_Greece_2_clubs \"Super League Greece 2 clubs\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Julhøgda
|
{
"id": [
5042921
],
"name": [
"Fadesga"
]
}
|
4vqq14s4p0ckkhl6oin3ort4rscj6sx
|
2020-02-20T18:32:40Z
| 580,367,097 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Julhøgda",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**Julhøgda** (The Christmas Height) is a mountain in [Sørkapp Land](/wiki/S%C3%B8rkapp_Land \"Sørkapp Land\") at [Spitsbergen](/wiki/Spitsbergen \"Spitsbergen\"), [Svalbard](/wiki/Svalbard \"Svalbard\"). It has a height of 667 [m.a.s.l.](/wiki/M.a.s.l. \"M.a.s.l.\") and is located on the mountain ridge [Påskefjella](/wiki/P%C3%A5skefjella \"Påskefjella\"), east of [Samarinbreen](/wiki/Samarinbreen \"Samarinbreen\") and [Samarinvågen](/wiki/Samarinv%C3%A5gen \"Samarinvågen\"), and west of the glacier [Chomjakovbreen](/wiki/Chomjakovbreen \"Chomjakovbreen\"). Neighbour peaks are [Påsketoppen](/wiki/P%C3%A5sketoppen \"Påsketoppen\") to the south and [Meranfjellet](/wiki/Meranfjellet \"Meranfjellet\") to the north.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Mountains of Spitsbergen](/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Spitsbergen \"Mountains of Spitsbergen\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Auratonota pichincha
|
{
"id": [
1934512
],
"name": [
"Robby"
]
}
|
i4fguuk1882ipk29kqfrgly6pj4em58
|
2024-03-08T14:24:42Z
| 1,187,707,313 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Auratonota pichincha*** is a species of [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") of the family [Tortricidae](/wiki/Tortricidae \"Tortricidae\"). It is found in [Ecuador](/wiki/Ecuador \"Ecuador\")., 2007, *Auratonota* Razowski, 1987 from Ecuador with description of 14 new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), *Entomologische Zeitschrift* **117 (2\\)**: 51\\-59\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 2007](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_2007 \"Moths described in 2007\")\n[Category:Auratonota](/wiki/Category:Auratonota \"Auratonota\")\n[Category:Moths of South America](/wiki/Category:Moths_of_South_America \"Moths of South America\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Chief visibility officer
|
{
"id": [
7852030
],
"name": [
"Materialscientist"
]
}
|
ic8o9qxu4xsyv59bgxugzxtfezjtisw
|
2024-08-11T10:41:22Z
| 1,239,757,579 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Role",
"Challenges",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\nA **chief visibility officer** (**CVO**) or director of visibility is an individual appointed to oversee all aspects of performance across [retail](/wiki/Retail \"Retail\") stores, [corporations](/wiki/Corporations \"Corporations\") or organizations as part of the [C\\-Suite](/wiki/C-Suite \"C-Suite\") of executives. The role of the CVO emerged to manage the integration of ideas, disciplines, technologies and people focused on elevating retail enterprise visibility. The title is commonly associated with [Retail Loss Prevention](/wiki/Retail_Loss_Prevention \"Retail Loss Prevention\") (LP) leaders and professionals who maintain the highest position in security management and maintain the security operations in the store to achieve a high level of visibility.\n\n",
"Role\n----\n\nThe CVO is focused on security systems as they contribute to higher profits and elevated store performance levels. The importance of the CVO position has risen as criminals and [organized retail crime](/wiki/Organized_retail_crime \"Organized retail crime\") grows more sophisticated in thwarting security solutions. According to the Centre for Retail Research Global Retail Theft Barometer 2011 study, Total global shrink in 2011 cost retailers $119\\.092 billion, an average of 1\\.45% of global retail sales. The shrinkage rate was an average of 6\\.6% higher than 2010\\. The losses are said to cost each family $199\\.89 per that year. Working with security integrators to achieve maximum visibility into what takes place in a retail store on a daily basis allows the CVO to impact not only shrinkage numbers, but also to improve store operations. This approach was cited by the University of Leicester study on Effective Retail Loss Prevention, 10 Ways to Keep Shrinkage Low where it was noted that among the keys to reducing shrinkage in an organization included establishing a senior management commitment, ensuring organisational ownership, embedding loss prevention into the business and providing strong leadership.\n\n",
"Challenges\n----------\n\nShrinkage can occur in a number of different areas for a retailer: employee theft, including [sweethearting](/wiki/Sweethearting \"Sweethearting\") [shoplifting](/wiki/Shoplifting \"Shoplifting\")/organized retail crime, administrative error and vendor fraud. The goal of a CVO is to maximize business profits by reducing losses. To accomplish this objective, CVOs analyze the full spectrum of store operations from employee and customer behavior to vendor and supplier patterns and supply chains. Integrated technologies can provide a comprehensive picture of customer behavior, staffing needs and merchandising trends, in addition to preventing losses for the store. The CVO must be in touch with core challenges across an organization to implement and integrate security solutions tailored to protect its unique vulnerabilities. According to securitysales.com retailers are looking beyond standalone technology like [electronic article surveillance](/wiki/Electronic_article_surveillance \"Electronic article surveillance\") (EAS) systems or cameras and access control and aiming to have visibility across the demand and supply chain.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Management occupations](/wiki/Category:Management_occupations \"Management occupations\")\n[V](/wiki/Category:Corporate_titles \"Corporate titles\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Geir Toskedal
|
{
"id": [
1189543
],
"name": [
"Simeon"
]
}
|
1oot9n7i52s4w1mgp517h8lhsyk3gs5
|
2020-07-19T17:51:40Z
| 934,417,319 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|Geir S. Toskedal](/wiki/File:Geir_Sigbj%C3%B8rn_Toskedal_%28KrF%29_%28cropped%29.JPG \"Geir Sigbjørn Toskedal (KrF) (cropped).JPG\")\n**Geir Sigbjørn Toskedal** (born 27 April 1954\\) is a Norwegian politician for the [Christian Democratic Party](/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_%28Norway%29 \"Christian Democratic Party (Norway)\"). He was elected to the Parliament of Norway from [Rogaland](/wiki/Rogaland \"Rogaland\") in 2013 where he is a member of the [Standing Committee on Local Government and Public Administration](/wiki/Standing_Committee_on_Local_Government_and_Public_Administration \"Standing Committee on Local Government and Public Administration\").\n\nToskedal has been elected to [Karmøy](/wiki/Karm%C3%B8y \"Karmøy\") municipal council six times and to Rogaland county council in 2007 and 2011\\. He has been deputy leader of the Rogaland branch of the Christian Democratic Party.Øystein Merkesvik (17 November 2012\\) [Toskedal nominert på 2\\. plass](http://www.karmoynytt.no/2012/11/17/toskedal-nominert-pa-2-plass/) *Karmøynytt*. Retrieved 1 November 2013 \n\nHe has mostly worked in the educational sector and was rector of Karmøy school of music and arts at the time he was elected to the parliament.Terje Emil Johannessen (22 August 2013\\) [Har du gult i blått, blir det grønnere](http://karmsundavis.no/2013/08/22/har-du-gult-i-blatt-blir-det-gronnere/) Karmsund Avis. Retrieved 1 November 2013 \n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:Christian Democratic Party (Norway) politicians](/wiki/Category:Christian_Democratic_Party_%28Norway%29_politicians \"Christian Democratic Party (Norway) politicians\")\n[Category:Members of the Storting](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Storting \"Members of the Storting\")\n[Category:1954 births](/wiki/Category:1954_births \"1954 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Norwegian politicians](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Norwegian_politicians \"21st-century Norwegian politicians\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Abdollahabad, Tonekabon
|
{
"id": [
67616
],
"name": [
"TiMike"
]
}
|
63npbwjzan4ctthskfijxrnvqm7qxmh
|
2023-09-16T23:36:33Z
| 1,070,543,725 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Abdollahabad** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **ʿAbdollahābād**) is a village in [Tameshkol Rural District](/wiki/Tameshkol_Rural_District \"Tameshkol Rural District\"), [Nashta District](/wiki/Nashta_District \"Nashta District\"), [Tonekabon County](/wiki/Tonekabon_County \"Tonekabon County\"), [Mazandaran Province](/wiki/Mazandaran_Province \"Mazandaran Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 283, in 76 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Tonekabon County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Tonekabon_County \"Populated places in Tonekabon County\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Haji Faki
|
{
"id": [
41840956
],
"name": [
"SdkbBot"
]
}
|
3fhnob2gzb9nde21qg22m5uokbn0ahq
|
2022-01-15T01:31:57Z
| 1,056,386,062 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Haji Makame Faki** is a Tanzanian [CUF](/wiki/Civic_United_Front \"Civic United Front\") politician and [Member of Parliament](/wiki/Member_of_Parliament \"Member of Parliament\") for Mtoni constituency since 2010\\.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Civic United Front MPs](/wiki/Category:Civic_United_Front_MPs \"Civic United Front MPs\")\n[Category:Tanzanian MPs 2010–2015](/wiki/Category:Tanzanian_MPs_2010%E2%80%932015 \"Tanzanian MPs 2010–2015\")\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Zanzibari politicians](/wiki/Category:Zanzibari_politicians \"Zanzibari politicians\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Gravitcornutia umbrosa
|
{
"id": [
19600678
],
"name": [
"Ivtue"
]
}
|
jnapf19mjapohfukazcyn9zq7ezx8cq
|
2024-01-01T20:50:31Z
| 1,189,087,446 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Gravitcornutia umbrosa*** is a species of [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") of the family [Tortricidae](/wiki/Tortricidae \"Tortricidae\"). It is found in [Brazil](/wiki/Brazil \"Brazil\") in the states of [Santa Catarina](/wiki/Santa_Catarina_%28state%29 \"Santa Catarina (state)\") and [São Paulo](/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_%28state%29 \"São Paulo (state)\")., 2010: Systematic and distributional data on Neotropical Euliini: *Gravitcornutia* Razowski \\& Becker (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). *Polish Journal of Entomology* **79 (4\\)**: 411\\-432\\. Full article: <https://sparrow.up.poznan.pl/pte/ppe/PJE_2010/30_Razowsk_Becker.pdf> .\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 2001](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_2001 \"Moths described in 2001\")\n[Category:Gravitcornutia](/wiki/Category:Gravitcornutia \"Gravitcornutia\")\n[Category:Moths of South America](/wiki/Category:Moths_of_South_America \"Moths of South America\")\n[Category:Taxa named by Józef Razowski](/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_J%C3%B3zef_Razowski \"Taxa named by Józef Razowski\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Filip Maertens
|
{
"id": [
43176118
],
"name": [
"Loewstisch"
]
}
|
3va8mfe33y5py1dzhgblrn6uu77pdcu
|
2023-02-09T09:40:52Z
| 1,063,281,425 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[thumb\\|250px\\|Filip Maertens](/wiki/File:Filip_Maertens.jpg \"Filip Maertens.jpg\")\n**Filip Maertens** (born 1978\\) is a [Belgian](/wiki/Belgians \"Belgians\") founder with a background in cyber\\-security and artificial intelligence.\nHe was founder of Securax (1999\\), a Belgium\\-based cyber\\-security consulting company (acquired), and founder of Argus Labs (2011\\), an Antwerp\\-based artificial intelligence company.\n\nAs a cyber\\-security researcher in 1999\\-2001, Maertens published multiple software vulnerabilities on Microsoft and Linux platforms, and was a global trainer on the Extreme Hacking courses.\n\nAs a public speaker, Filip has been on [TEDx](/wiki/TED_%28conference%29 \"TED (conference)\"),[\"TEDx UHasselt, Smart Phone or Sentient Agent\"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6UTXXY8EXM) [Cannes Lions](/wiki/Cannes_Lions_International_Festival_of_Creativity \"Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity\"),[\"Cannes Lions Innovation, unlocking mobile personalisation using sensors\"](https://www.slideshare.net/fmaertens/cannes-lions-innovation-unlocking-mobile-personalisation-using-sensors) LeWeb, TheNextWeb, Strata and more.\n\nMaertens was named Belgium's Top 50 Entrepreneur (2014\\) and Innovator (2015\\).\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [TEDx Leuven Filip Maertens profile](http://tedxleuven.com/2012/filip-maertens) at [TEDxLeuven](/wiki/TED_%28conference%29%23Other_programs \"TED (conference)#Other programs\"), 2012\n* [TEDx UHasselt Salon Filip Maertens profile](http://www.tedxuhasselt.eu/content.php?page=salon2013) at [TEDxUHasselt](/wiki/TED_%28conference%29%23Other_programs \"TED (conference)#Other programs\"), 2013\n\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:1978 births](/wiki/Category:1978_births \"1978 births\")\n[Category:Belgian businesspeople](/wiki/Category:Belgian_businesspeople \"Belgian businesspeople\")\n[Category:Flemish businesspeople](/wiki/Category:Flemish_businesspeople \"Flemish businesspeople\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Belgian businesspeople](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Belgian_businesspeople \"21st-century Belgian businesspeople\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Oregocerata submontana
|
{
"id": [
46437444
],
"name": [
"Scorpions1325"
]
}
|
0hbi5wu49offemcqgiipqqyez9ezr0q
|
2024-01-11T07:08:13Z
| 1,194,885,934 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Oregocerata submontana*** is a species of [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") of the family [Tortricidae](/wiki/Tortricidae \"Tortricidae\"). It is found in [Venezuela](/wiki/Venezuela \"Venezuela\").\n\nThe length of the forewings is about 10\\.5 mm., 2005, *Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington* **107**: 909\\. Full article: <http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/35014/PDF>\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Moths described in 2005](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_2005 \"Moths described in 2005\")\n[Category:Euliini](/wiki/Category:Euliini \"Euliini\")\n[Category:Moths of South America](/wiki/Category:Moths_of_South_America \"Moths of South America\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Rathole (Edmonton)
|
{
"id": [
293907
],
"name": [
"Gaius Cornelius"
]
}
|
tgj2j89ham78drhf9duzypv09ogtdp6
|
2024-07-21T04:50:59Z
| 1,231,712,299 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Rathole**, officially the **109 Street subway**, was a two\\-lane tunnel constructed in 1927 on [109 Street](/wiki/109_Street%2C_Edmonton \"109 Street, Edmonton\") in the northwest corner of [Downtown](/wiki/Downtown_Edmonton \"Downtown Edmonton\"), in [Edmonton](/wiki/Edmonton \"Edmonton\"), [Alberta](/wiki/Alberta \"Alberta\"), Canada. It traversed north–south under the former [Canadian National (CN)](/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway \"Canadian National Railway\") railyards between 104 Avenue and 105 Avenue, . It was in length, in height, and constructed to accommodate automobile, bicycle and pedestrian traffic.\n\nThe City of Edmonton proposed the construction of a tunnel/underpass in 1926 to burrow under a span of 22 railway tracks in the [old CN railyards](/wiki/Old_Canadian_National_rail_yard \"Old Canadian National rail yard\"). A call for tenders was put out in the following year, 1927, with seven parties bidding for the contract. Jamies Construction Co. Ltd. received the contract from city engineer A. W. Haddow to construct the tunnel.\n\nThe 109 Street subway was officially opened by then Mayor [Ambrose Bury](/wiki/Ambrose_Bury \"Ambrose Bury\") on October 19, 1928\\. An Edmonton alderman later coined the name “rathole” for the tunnel.\n\nIn 1957, a transportation study recommended the construction of a parallel subway to improve the traffic flow. However, in lieu of this recommendation, in 1960 the city constructed an overpass over the CN rail tracks further to the east along 105 Street.\n\nThe tunnel was susceptible to seasonal flooding, and proved hazardous because of its low clearance and visibility upon entrance and exit. There were also safety issues concerning pedestrian usage of the tunnel.\n\nThe tunnel remained opened for 73 years, during which, as many as 27,000 cars passed through daily.\n\nWith the railway yard now removed, the city tendered the project for the demolition of the tunnel and conversion of the area into a divided arterial road in 2000\\. Standard General Inc. was awarded prime contractor for the project.\n\nThe project began in April 2000, at which time, there were concerns of inconvenience during the scheduled four months for the project. City transportation engineers managed to complete the project three weeks ahead of schedule without compromising safety, environmental, and budgetary concerns. This was accomplished by beginning demolition of the tunnel from the north end instead of taking the entire tunnel out at once. Concrete removed from the tunnel was recycled and used in the fill.\n\nOn July 4, 2000, 109 Street reopened as a six\\-lane divided arterial road running between 104 Avenue and 105 Avenue.\n\nIn 2002, the project was awarded the [American Public Works Association](/wiki/American_Public_Works_Association \"American Public Works Association\") Project of the Year Award, the first time the award was won by a Canadian firm of consulting engineers.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Transport in Edmonton](/wiki/Category:Transport_in_Edmonton \"Transport in Edmonton\")\n[Category:Road tunnels in Alberta](/wiki/Category:Road_tunnels_in_Alberta \"Road tunnels in Alberta\")\n[Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Alberta](/wiki/Category:Demolished_buildings_and_structures_in_Alberta \"Demolished buildings and structures in Alberta\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures in Edmonton](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Edmonton \"Buildings and structures in Edmonton\")\n[Category:Transport infrastructure completed in 1927](/wiki/Category:Transport_infrastructure_completed_in_1927 \"Transport infrastructure completed in 1927\")\n[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 2000](/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_demolished_in_2000 \"Buildings and structures demolished in 2000\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Lahori Gate, Delhi
|
{
"id": [
10487196
],
"name": [
"Broichmore"
]
}
|
dv8m6ha59s2d6srg5264hldtgirqhis
|
2024-06-04T11:47:51Z
| 1,219,731,510 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Gallery",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|Lahori Gate faces the direction of [Lahore](/wiki/Lahore \"Lahore\"), [Pakistan](/wiki/Pakistan \"Pakistan\")](/wiki/File:Lahori_Gate_with_Ramparts_-_Red_Fort_-_Delhi_2014-05-13_3126.JPG \"Lahori Gate with Ramparts - Red Fort - Delhi 2014-05-13 3126.JPG\")\nThe **Lahori Gate** is the main entrance to the [Red Fort](/wiki/Red_Fort \"Red Fort\") in [Delhi](/wiki/Delhi \"Delhi\"). The fort is approached through a covered street flanked by arcaded apartments called the [Chhatta Chowk](/wiki/Chhatta_Chowk \"Chhatta Chowk\"). Situated on the western wall of the fort, the gate received its name because it led to the city of [Lahore](/wiki/Lahore \"Lahore\"), (Present Day [Pakistan](/wiki/Pakistan \"Pakistan\")). The secondary entrance is the [Delhi Gate](/wiki/Delhi_Gate_%28Red_Fort%29 \"Delhi Gate (Red Fort)\").\n\nThe gateway consists of three stories, each decorated with square, rectangular and [cusped arched](/wiki/Multifoil_arch \"Multifoil arch\") panels. These are flanked by semi\\-octagonal towers crowned by two open octagonal pavilions. The whole gate is clad in red sandstone, except the roofs of the pavilions, where white stone is used.\nBetween the two pavilions is a screen of miniature *[chhatri](/wiki/Chhatri \"Chhatri\")*s having seven miniature marble domes. Continuing around the whole wall are flame\\-shaped battlements.\n\nThe gate was provided with a 10\\.5 high metre [barbican](/wiki/Barbican \"Barbican\") by [Aurangzeb](/wiki/Aurangzeb \"Aurangzeb\") (1658\\-1707\\), with its entrance to the north. It is said that [Shah Jahan](/wiki/Shah_Jahan \"Shah Jahan\"), while under house arrest, wrote to Aurangzeb and criticized his decision: \"You have made a fort a bride, and set a veil on it.\"\n\nEvery year since [Indian Independence Day](/wiki/Indian_Independence_Day \"Indian Independence Day\") in 1947, the national flag has been raised and the [Prime Minister](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India \"Prime Minister of India\") has made a speech from the ramparts at the gate. In the 1980s, the security of the area was increased by blocking the tower windows as a security measure against sniper attacks. A lift was also added to the gate.\n\n",
"Gallery\n-------\n\nGhulam Ali Khan 004\\.jpg\\|Painting of Lahori gate by Ghulam Ali Khan, Mughal period, 1852\\-4\nClose up of Red Fort.jpg\\|Lahori gate in 2013\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Gates of Delhi](/wiki/Gates_of_Delhi \"Gates of Delhi\")\n* [List of Gates in Aurangabad, Maharashtra](/wiki/List_of_Gates_in_Aurangabad%2C_Maharashtra \"List of Gates in Aurangabad, Maharashtra\")\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [columbia.edu](http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1600_1699/redfortdelhi/lahorigate/lahorigate.html)\n\n \n\n[Category:Red Fort](/wiki/Category:Red_Fort \"Red Fort\")\n[Category:Gates of Delhi](/wiki/Category:Gates_of_Delhi \"Gates of Delhi\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Tak Baghestan
|
{
"id": [
27446209
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot"
]
}
|
jkakvvu2htdjoolu0z85efs25ujyfp7
|
2017-03-24T10:31:56Z
| 759,051,534 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Tak Baghestan** (, also [Romanized](/wiki/Romanize \"Romanize\") as **Tak Bāghestān**) is a village in [Banestan Rural District](/wiki/Banestan_Rural_District \"Banestan Rural District\"), in the [Central District](/wiki/Central_District_%28Behabad_County%29 \"Central District (Behabad County)\") of [Behabad County](/wiki/Behabad_County \"Behabad County\"), [Yazd Province](/wiki/Yazd_Province \"Yazd Province\"), [Iran](/wiki/Iran \"Iran\"). At the 2006 census, its population was 8, in 4 families.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Populated places in Behabad County](/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Behabad_County \"Populated places in Behabad County\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Red Eve
|
{
"id": [
937293
],
"name": [
"Cat's Tuxedo"
]
}
|
862pe75jo6o2hdc6ve7o685c7t089e7
|
2024-07-10T19:27:03Z
| 1,226,402,785 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Reception",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Red Eve*** is a historical novel with fantasy elements, by British writer [H. Rider Haggard](/wiki/H._Rider_Haggard \"H. Rider Haggard\"), set in the reign of [Edward III](/wiki/Edward_III \"Edward III\"). *Red Eve* depicts the [Battle of Crécy](/wiki/Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy \"Battle of Crécy\") and the [Black Death](/wiki/Black_Death \"Black Death\"), and also features a supernatural personification of [Death](/wiki/Death_%28personification%29 \"Death (personification)\") called Murgh.Myron J. Smith, *War story guide: an annotated bibliography of military fiction*. Scarecrow Press, 1980\\. (p. 17\\).\n\n",
"Reception\n---------\n\nDiscussing *Red Eve*, [E. F. Bleiler](/wiki/E._F._Bleiler \"E. F. Bleiler\") stated \"While the personalities are still stereotyped, the tendency to be sententious is not as obtrusive as usual, and the narrative is relatively brisk. The introduction of Murgh as a symbol is successful.\"E. F. Bleiler, *The Guide to Supernatural Fiction*. Kent, Ohio : Kent State University Press, 1983\\. (pgs. 218\\-219\\). Pamela Cleaver called *Red Eve* a \"stirring tale\" and said \"the incidents...keep one reading until the end\". However, Cleaver criticised the novel's characterisation, saying that that novel's principals were \"all stock characters.\"Cleaver, Pamela. \"Haggard, H(enry) Rider\". In Henderson, Lesley, and Kirkpatrick, Daniel Lane, *Twentieth\\-century Romance and Historical Writers*. Chicago : St James Press, 1990\\. (pg. 298\\) [Darrell Schweitzer](/wiki/Darrell_Schweitzer \"Darrell Schweitzer\") described *Red Eve* as \"a later novel of particular interest\", saying it began as a \"costume romance\", but became a [weird fiction](/wiki/Weird_fiction \"Weird fiction\") novel with the \"introduction of the character Murgh, a personification of the Black Death.\"Schweiter, Darrell. \"Haggard, Rider\", in Cardin, Matt, *Horror Literature through History: An Encyclopedia of the Stories that Speak to Our Deepest Fears* Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood, 2017\\. (pgs. 407\\-408\\) John Scarborough included *Red Eve* on a list of what he regarded as Haggard's best novels, along with *[King Solomon's Mines](/wiki/King_Solomon%27s_Mines \"King Solomon's Mines\")*, *[She](/wiki/She:A_History_of_Adventure \"A History of Adventure\")*, *[Cleopatra](/wiki/Cleopatra_%28Haggard_novel%29 \"Cleopatra (Haggard novel)\")*, *[Eric Brighteyes](/wiki/Eric_Brighteyes \"Eric Brighteyes\")*, and *[Nada the Lily](/wiki/Nada_the_Lily \"Nada the Lily\")*.Scarborough, John. \"H. Rider Haggard\". In [Bleiler, Richard](/wiki/Richard_Bleiler \"Richard Bleiler\"), *Science Fiction Writers : critical studies of the major authors from the early nineteenth century to the present day*. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999\\. (pg. 323\\-329\\)\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Complete book](http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3094) at [Project Gutenberg](/wiki/Project_Gutenberg \"Project Gutenberg\")\n\n[Category:1911 British novels](/wiki/Category:1911_British_novels \"1911 British novels\")\n[Category:Novels about the Black Death](/wiki/Category:Novels_about_the_Black_Death \"Novels about the Black Death\")\n[Category:Novels set in the 1340s](/wiki/Category:Novels_set_in_the_1340s \"Novels set in the 1340s\")\n[Category:Hundred Years' War literature](/wiki/Category:Hundred_Years%27_War_literature \"Hundred Years' War literature\")\n[Category:Novels by H. Rider Haggard](/wiki/Category:Novels_by_H._Rider_Haggard \"Novels by H. Rider Haggard\")\n[Category:English historical novels](/wiki/Category:English_historical_novels \"English historical novels\")\n[Category:English fantasy novels](/wiki/Category:English_fantasy_novels \"English fantasy novels\")\n[Category:Weird fiction novels](/wiki/Category:Weird_fiction_novels \"Weird fiction novels\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
2002–03 Regionalliga
|
{
"id": [
11877048
],
"name": [
"Jolicnikola"
]
}
|
9ezumnr6ufrum2dkix35dpsy0a5vjy4
|
2021-08-09T11:58:23Z
| 1,037,901,152 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Teams",
"Regionalliga Nord",
"Final table",
"Top scorers",
"Regionalliga Süd",
"Final table",
"Top scorers",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **2002–03 Regionalliga** season was the ninth season of the [Regionalliga](/wiki/Regionalliga \"Regionalliga\") at tier three (III) of the [German football league system](/wiki/German_football_league_system \"German football league system\").\n\nThe Regionalliga was split into two divisions, the [Regionalliga Nord](/wiki/Regionalliga_Nord \"Regionalliga Nord\") and the [Regionalliga Süd](/wiki/Regionalliga_S%C3%BCd_%281994%E2%80%932012%29 \"Regionalliga Süd (1994–2012)\"). The league champions, [Erzgebirge Aue](/wiki/Erzgebirge_Aue \"Erzgebirge Aue\") and [SpVgg Unterhaching](/wiki/SpVgg_Unterhaching \"SpVgg Unterhaching\"), and the runners\\-up in both divisions, [VfL Osnabrück](/wiki/VfL_Osnabr%C3%BCck \"VfL Osnabrück\") and [Jahn Regensburg](/wiki/Jahn_Regensburg \"Jahn Regensburg\"), were promoted to the [2003–04 2\\. Bundesliga](/wiki/2003%E2%80%9304_2._Bundesliga \"2003–04 2. Bundesliga\").\n\n",
"Teams\n-----\n\n[SV Babelsberg 03](/wiki/SV_Babelsberg_03 \"SV Babelsberg 03\"), [1\\. FC Saarbrücken](/wiki/1._FC_Saarbr%C3%BCcken \"1. FC Saarbrücken\"), [1\\. FC Schweinfurt 05](/wiki/1._FC_Schweinfurt_05 \"1. FC Schweinfurt 05\") and [SpVgg Unterhaching](/wiki/SpVgg_Unterhaching \"SpVgg Unterhaching\") came down from the [2001–02 2\\. Bundesliga](/wiki/2001%E2%80%9302_2._Bundesliga \"2001–02 2. Bundesliga\"), replacing [VfB Lübeck](/wiki/VfB_L%C3%BCbeck \"VfB Lübeck\"), [Eintracht Braunschweig](/wiki/Eintracht_Braunschweig \"Eintracht Braunschweig\"), [Wacker Burghausen](/wiki/Wacker_Burghausen \"Wacker Burghausen\") and [Eintracht Trier](/wiki/Eintracht_Trier \"Eintracht Trier\").\n\n[Borussia Dortmund (A)](/wiki/Borussia_Dortmund_II \"Borussia Dortmund II\"), [Dynamo Dresden](/wiki/Dynamo_Dresden \"Dynamo Dresden\"), [Hamburger SV (A)](/wiki/Hamburger_SV_II \"Hamburger SV II\"), [1\\. FC Köln (A)](/wiki/1._FC_K%C3%B6ln_II \"1. FC Köln II\"), [FC Augsburg](/wiki/FC_Augsburg \"FC Augsburg\"), [Eintracht Frankfurt (A)](/wiki/Eintracht_Frankfurt_II \"Eintracht Frankfurt II\") [Borussia Neunkirchen](/wiki/Borussia_Neunkirchen \"Borussia Neunkirchen\") and [SC Pfullendorf](/wiki/SC_Pfullendorf \"SC Pfullendorf\") were promoted from the [Oberliga](/wiki/Oberliga_%28football%29 \"Oberliga (football)\"), replacing [1\\. FC Magdeburg](/wiki/1._FC_Magdeburg \"1. FC Magdeburg\"), [Fortuna Düsseldorf](/wiki/Fortuna_D%C3%BCsseldorf \"Fortuna Düsseldorf\"), [Fortuna Köln](/wiki/Fortuna_K%C3%B6ln \"Fortuna Köln\"), [VfR Mannheim](/wiki/VfR_Mannheim \"VfR Mannheim\"), [VfB Stuttgart (A)](/wiki/VfB_Stuttgart_II \"VfB Stuttgart II\"), [SpVgg Ansbach](/wiki/SpVgg_Ansbach \"SpVgg Ansbach\") and [Borussia Fulda](/wiki/Borussia_Fulda \"Borussia Fulda\").\n\n",
"Regionalliga Nord\n-----------------\n\n### Final table\n\n### Top scorers\n\n| \\# | Player | Club | Goals |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | [Dmitrijus Guščinas](/wiki/Dmitrijus_Gu%C5%A1%C4%8Dinas \"Dmitrijus Guščinas\") | [Holstein Kiel](/wiki/Holstein_Kiel \"Holstein Kiel\") | 23 |\n|2\\.\n\n [Ersin Demir](/wiki/Ersin_Demir \"Ersin Demir\") |\n [Chemnitzer FC](/wiki/Chemnitzer_FC \"Chemnitzer FC\") |\n18\n\n| [Veselin Petkov Gerov](/wiki/Veselin_Petkov_Gerov \"Veselin Petkov Gerov\") | [SC Paderborn 07](/wiki/SC_Paderborn_07 \"SC Paderborn 07\") |\n| 4\\. | [Alexander Löbe](/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6be \"Alexander Löbe\") | [SG Wattenscheid 09](/wiki/SG_Wattenscheid_09 \"SG Wattenscheid 09\") | 17 |\n|5\\.\n\n [Halil Altıntop](/wiki/Halil_Alt%C4%B1ntop \"Halil Altıntop\") |\n [SG Wattenscheid 09](/wiki/SG_Wattenscheid_09 \"SG Wattenscheid 09\") |\n16\n\n| [Achim Weber](/wiki/Achim_Weber \"Achim Weber\") | [Rot\\-Weiß Essen](/wiki/Rot-Wei%C3%9F_Essen \"Rot-Weiß Essen\") |\n| 7\\. | [Nelson Valdez](/wiki/Nelson_Valdez \"Nelson Valdez\") | [Werder Bremen (A)](/wiki/Werder_Bremen_II \"Werder Bremen II\") | 15 |\n| 8\\. | [Marco Antwerpen](/wiki/Marco_Antwerpen \"Marco Antwerpen\") | [Preußen Münster](/wiki/Preu%C3%9Fen_M%C3%BCnster \"Preußen Münster\") | 14 |\n|9\\.\n\n [Christian Claaßen](/wiki/Christian_Claa%C3%9Fen \"Christian Claaßen\") |\n [VfL Osnabrück](/wiki/VfL_Osnabr%C3%BCck \"VfL Osnabrück\") |\n11\n\n| [Ronny Jank](/wiki/Ronny_Jank \"Ronny Jank\") | [Erzgebirge Aue](/wiki/Erzgebirge_Aue \"Erzgebirge Aue\") |\n\n",
"### Final table\n\n",
"### Top scorers\n\n| \\# | Player | Club | Goals |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | [Dmitrijus Guščinas](/wiki/Dmitrijus_Gu%C5%A1%C4%8Dinas \"Dmitrijus Guščinas\") | [Holstein Kiel](/wiki/Holstein_Kiel \"Holstein Kiel\") | 23 |\n|2\\.\n\n [Ersin Demir](/wiki/Ersin_Demir \"Ersin Demir\") |\n [Chemnitzer FC](/wiki/Chemnitzer_FC \"Chemnitzer FC\") |\n18\n\n| [Veselin Petkov Gerov](/wiki/Veselin_Petkov_Gerov \"Veselin Petkov Gerov\") | [SC Paderborn 07](/wiki/SC_Paderborn_07 \"SC Paderborn 07\") |\n| 4\\. | [Alexander Löbe](/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6be \"Alexander Löbe\") | [SG Wattenscheid 09](/wiki/SG_Wattenscheid_09 \"SG Wattenscheid 09\") | 17 |\n|5\\.\n\n [Halil Altıntop](/wiki/Halil_Alt%C4%B1ntop \"Halil Altıntop\") |\n [SG Wattenscheid 09](/wiki/SG_Wattenscheid_09 \"SG Wattenscheid 09\") |\n16\n\n| [Achim Weber](/wiki/Achim_Weber \"Achim Weber\") | [Rot\\-Weiß Essen](/wiki/Rot-Wei%C3%9F_Essen \"Rot-Weiß Essen\") |\n| 7\\. | [Nelson Valdez](/wiki/Nelson_Valdez \"Nelson Valdez\") | [Werder Bremen (A)](/wiki/Werder_Bremen_II \"Werder Bremen II\") | 15 |\n| 8\\. | [Marco Antwerpen](/wiki/Marco_Antwerpen \"Marco Antwerpen\") | [Preußen Münster](/wiki/Preu%C3%9Fen_M%C3%BCnster \"Preußen Münster\") | 14 |\n|9\\.\n\n [Christian Claaßen](/wiki/Christian_Claa%C3%9Fen \"Christian Claaßen\") |\n [VfL Osnabrück](/wiki/VfL_Osnabr%C3%BCck \"VfL Osnabrück\") |\n11\n\n| [Ronny Jank](/wiki/Ronny_Jank \"Ronny Jank\") | [Erzgebirge Aue](/wiki/Erzgebirge_Aue \"Erzgebirge Aue\") |\n\n",
"Regionalliga Süd\n----------------\n\nFive teams were due to be relegated, but [Stuttgarter Kickers](/wiki/Stuttgarter_Kickers \"Stuttgarter Kickers\") and [Sportfreunde Siegen](/wiki/Sportfreunde_Siegen \"Sportfreunde Siegen\") were reprieved because two of the relegated teams from the [2\\. Bundesliga](/wiki/2._Bundesliga \"2. Bundesliga\"), [SSV Reutlingen](/wiki/SSV_Reutlingen \"SSV Reutlingen\") and [SV Waldhof Mannheim](/wiki/SV_Waldhof_Mannheim \"SV Waldhof Mannheim\"), could not achieve a Regionalliga license, and dropped another level, to the [Oberliga](/wiki/Oberliga_%28football%29 \"Oberliga (football)\").\n\n### Final table\n\n### Top scorers\n\n| \\# | Player | Club | Goals |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | [Francisco Copado](/wiki/Francisco_Copado \"Francisco Copado\") | [SpVgg Unterhaching](/wiki/SpVgg_Unterhaching \"SpVgg Unterhaching\") | 24 |\n| 2\\. | [Mark Römer](/wiki/Mark_R%C3%B6mer \"Mark Römer\") | [SC Pfullendorf](/wiki/SC_Pfullendorf \"SC Pfullendorf\") | 22 |\n| 3\\. | [Veselin Popović](/wiki/Veselin_Popovi%C4%87 \"Veselin Popović\") | [1\\. FC Schweinfurt 05](/wiki/1._FC_Schweinfurt_05 \"1. FC Schweinfurt 05\") | 20 |\n| 4\\. | [Thomas Ollhoff](/wiki/Thomas_Ollhoff \"Thomas Ollhoff\") | [TSG Hoffenheim](/wiki/TSG_Hoffenheim \"TSG Hoffenheim\") | 19 |\n| 5\\. | [Jörg Reeb](/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Reeb \"Jörg Reeb\") | [FC Augsburg](/wiki/FC_Augsburg \"FC Augsburg\") | 15 |\n| 6\\. | [Christoph Teinert](/wiki/Christoph_Teinert \"Christoph Teinert\") | [TSG Hoffenheim](/wiki/TSG_Hoffenheim \"TSG Hoffenheim\") | 14 |\n|7\\.\n\n [Miguel Coulibaly](/wiki/Miguel_Coulibaly \"Miguel Coulibaly\") |\n [FC Augsburg](/wiki/FC_Augsburg \"FC Augsburg\") |\n13\n\n| [Sead Mehić](/wiki/Sead_Mehi%C4%87 \"Sead Mehić\") | [SV Wehen](/wiki/SV_Wehen \"SV Wehen\") |\n| [Vlado Papić](/wiki/Vlado_Papi%C4%87 \"Vlado Papić\") | [Jahn Regensburg](/wiki/Jahn_Regensburg \"Jahn Regensburg\") |\n| [András Tölcséres](/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_T%C3%B6lcs%C3%A9res \"András Tölcséres\") | [Jahn Regensburg](/wiki/Jahn_Regensburg \"Jahn Regensburg\") |\n\n",
"### Final table\n\n",
"### Top scorers\n\n| \\# | Player | Club | Goals |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1\\. | [Francisco Copado](/wiki/Francisco_Copado \"Francisco Copado\") | [SpVgg Unterhaching](/wiki/SpVgg_Unterhaching \"SpVgg Unterhaching\") | 24 |\n| 2\\. | [Mark Römer](/wiki/Mark_R%C3%B6mer \"Mark Römer\") | [SC Pfullendorf](/wiki/SC_Pfullendorf \"SC Pfullendorf\") | 22 |\n| 3\\. | [Veselin Popović](/wiki/Veselin_Popovi%C4%87 \"Veselin Popović\") | [1\\. FC Schweinfurt 05](/wiki/1._FC_Schweinfurt_05 \"1. FC Schweinfurt 05\") | 20 |\n| 4\\. | [Thomas Ollhoff](/wiki/Thomas_Ollhoff \"Thomas Ollhoff\") | [TSG Hoffenheim](/wiki/TSG_Hoffenheim \"TSG Hoffenheim\") | 19 |\n| 5\\. | [Jörg Reeb](/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Reeb \"Jörg Reeb\") | [FC Augsburg](/wiki/FC_Augsburg \"FC Augsburg\") | 15 |\n| 6\\. | [Christoph Teinert](/wiki/Christoph_Teinert \"Christoph Teinert\") | [TSG Hoffenheim](/wiki/TSG_Hoffenheim \"TSG Hoffenheim\") | 14 |\n|7\\.\n\n [Miguel Coulibaly](/wiki/Miguel_Coulibaly \"Miguel Coulibaly\") |\n [FC Augsburg](/wiki/FC_Augsburg \"FC Augsburg\") |\n13\n\n| [Sead Mehić](/wiki/Sead_Mehi%C4%87 \"Sead Mehić\") | [SV Wehen](/wiki/SV_Wehen \"SV Wehen\") |\n| [Vlado Papić](/wiki/Vlado_Papi%C4%87 \"Vlado Papić\") | [Jahn Regensburg](/wiki/Jahn_Regensburg \"Jahn Regensburg\") |\n| [András Tölcséres](/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_T%C3%B6lcs%C3%A9res \"András Tölcséres\") | [Jahn Regensburg](/wiki/Jahn_Regensburg \"Jahn Regensburg\") |\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Regionalliga](https://www.dfb.de/regionalliga/) at the [German Football Association](/wiki/German_Football_Association \"German Football Association\") \n* [Regionalliga Nord 2002–03](http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/regionalliga/nord/regionalliga-nord-36/2002-03/spieltag.html) at *[kicker.de](/wiki/Kicker.de \"Kicker.de\")*\n* [Regionalliga Süd 2002–03](http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/regionalliga/sued/regionalliga-sued-37/2002-03/spieltag.html) at kicker.de\n\n[Category:Regionalliga seasons](/wiki/Category:Regionalliga_seasons \"Regionalliga seasons\")\n[3](/wiki/Category:2002%E2%80%9303_in_German_football_leagues \"2002–03 in German football leagues\")\n[Germ](/wiki/Category:2002%E2%80%9303_in_European_third_tier_association_football_leagues \"2002–03 in European third tier association football leagues\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Pink-tailed worm-lizard
|
{
"id": [
5846
],
"name": [
"Kku"
]
}
|
q9xtvrlkuvehmez8n7c1icsj00ddz8w
|
2024-03-16T20:03:00Z
| 1,211,381,769 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Genetics",
"Anatomy",
"Threats",
"References",
"Further reading"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **pink\\-tailed worm\\-lizard** or **granite worm\\-lizard** (***Aprasia parapulchella***) is a rare legless lizard found in Australia. The animal looks like a combination of small snake and worm. Its total length is up to 14 cm. It has a pink tail and is white underneath. The head and neck are brown, and the rest of the top of the body is pale grey. Scales on the back each have a dark bar, giving the appearance of dots down the back. It is found on two hills near [Tarcutta](/wiki/Tarcutta \"Tarcutta\"), [Bathurst, New South Wales](/wiki/Bathurst%2C_New_South_Wales \"Bathurst, New South Wales\"), [Bendigo](/wiki/Bendigo \"Bendigo\") in Victoria, and along the sides of the [Molonglo River](/wiki/Molonglo_River \"Molonglo River\") and [Murrumbidgee River](/wiki/Murrumbidgee_River \"Murrumbidgee River\") and on [Mount Taylor](/wiki/Mount_Taylor%2C_Australian_Capital_Territory \"Mount Taylor, Australian Capital Territory\") in the Australian Capital Territory. The lizards eat invertebrates that live under rocks. They can be found under rocks sized from 0\\.15 to 0\\.6 m.\nTheir main diet is ant eggs, particularly from *[Iridomyrmex](/wiki/Iridomyrmex \"Iridomyrmex\")* species and *[Rhytidoponera metallica](/wiki/Rhytidoponera_metallica \"Rhytidoponera metallica\")*.\n\n",
"Genetics\n--------\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Karyotype of male lizard with Y chromosome indicated](/wiki/File:DAPIstainedkarotypeofAprasiaparapulchellamale.png \"DAPIstainedkarotypeofAprasiaparapulchellamale.png\")\n*Aprasia parapulchella* cells have 42 chromosomes in the diploid state. Males of the species have a heteromorphic pair of chromosomes (a pair of two different ones), termed XY, and the females have a pair of same XX chromosomes. The [microsatellite](/wiki/Microsatellite \"Microsatellite\") (AGAT)8 is strongly repeated near the Y chromosome [centromere](/wiki/Centromere \"Centromere\"). The Y chromosome also contains the (AC)15 motif, whereas the X chromosome does not. (AC)15 also shows up on another two pairs of small and large chromosomes.\n\n",
"Anatomy\n-------\n\nThe head and tail are both rounded in shape. It differs from a snake in that scaly hind limb flaps are present. Also, its tongue is not forked, but is flat and long. There are no ears visible.\n\nSpecies\\-specific characteristics include absence of pattern on the side of the head, two preocular scales and three preanal scales are present, and the first upper labial scale and nasal scale are fused.\n\nWeights of the lizards can range from 0\\.1 to 4\\.0 g. At 1 year old, they are around 6 cm from snout to vent, in the second year they reach 8 cm, and in the third year 9\\.6 cm. Adult males over 3 years old average 10\\.9 cm and females are slightly bigger at 12 cm.\n\n",
"Threats\n-------\n\nThe lizard is threatened by [habitat fragmentation](/wiki/Habitat_fragmentation \"Habitat fragmentation\"), removal of rock, grazing, tree planting, weeds, and ploughing.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"Further reading\n---------------\n\nFile:Pink\\-tailed Worm\\-lizard (Aprasia parapulchella) (9106385763\\).jpg\\|Pink\\-tailed Worm\\-lizard from Bendigo\nFile:Pink\\-tailed Worm\\-lizard (Aprasia parapulchella) (9106371285\\).jpg\\|Pink\\-tailed Worm\\-lizard\nFile:Pink\\-tailed Worm\\-lizard (Aprasia parapulchella) (9105324205\\).jpg\\|close up\n\n[Category:Legless lizards](/wiki/Category:Legless_lizards \"Legless lizards\")\n[Category:Pygopodids of Australia](/wiki/Category:Pygopodids_of_Australia \"Pygopodids of Australia\")\n[Category:Aprasia](/wiki/Category:Aprasia \"Aprasia\")\n[Category:Reptiles described in 1974](/wiki/Category:Reptiles_described_in_1974 \"Reptiles described in 1974\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Roland K. Bernard
|
{
"id": [
28779459
],
"name": [
"Lepricavark"
]
}
|
hf2l17s7isil05fu3gj976fesrz9o02
|
2024-07-18T00:29:38Z
| 1,163,153,051 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Head coaching record",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Roland Kenneth Bernard** (March 14, 1916 – June 24, 1953\\) was an American [college football](/wiki/College_football \"College football\") player and coach. He served as the head football coach at [North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University](/wiki/North_Carolina_Agricultural_and_Technical_State_University \"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University\") in 1941 and at Arkansas Agricultural, Mechanical \\& Normal College—now known as the [University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff](/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_at_Pine_Bluff \"University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff\")—from 1950 to 1952, compiling a career [college football](/wiki/College_football \"College football\") record of 14–21–4\\. Bernard died of a heart attack on June 24, 1953, in [Pine Bluff, Arkansas](/wiki/Pine_Bluff%2C_Arkansas \"Pine Bluff, Arkansas\").\n\n",
"Head coaching record\n--------------------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1916 births](/wiki/Category:1916_births \"1916 births\")\n[Category:1953 deaths](/wiki/Category:1953_deaths \"1953 deaths\")\n[Category:Arkansas–Pine Bluff Golden Lions football coaches](/wiki/Category:Arkansas%E2%80%93Pine_Bluff_Golden_Lions_football_coaches \"Arkansas–Pine Bluff Golden Lions football coaches\")\n[Category:Boston University Terriers football players](/wiki/Category:Boston_University_Terriers_football_players \"Boston University Terriers football players\")\n[Category:North Carolina A\\&T Aggies football coaches](/wiki/Category:North_Carolina_A%26T_Aggies_football_coaches \"North Carolina A&T Aggies football coaches\")\n[Category:Players of American football from Cambridge, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Players_of_American_football_from_Cambridge%2C_Massachusetts \"Players of American football from Cambridge, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Sportspeople from Chelsea, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Sportspeople_from_Chelsea%2C_Massachusetts \"Sportspeople from Chelsea, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II](/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_personnel_of_World_War_II \"United States Army personnel of World War II\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Leicester Airport (Massachusetts)
|
{
"id": [
18130370
],
"name": [
"Magnolia677"
]
}
|
c1yjpv9tjvozoluttnl9dqnbq5yg3ec
|
2022-04-10T21:33:58Z
| 1,081,850,996 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Leicester Airport** was an airfield operational in the mid\\-20th century in [Leicester, Massachusetts](/wiki/Leicester%2C_Massachusetts \"Leicester, Massachusetts\"). It was located adjacent and to the west of the [Worcester Regional Airport](/wiki/Worcester_Regional_Airport \"Worcester Regional Airport\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Leicester, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Leicester%2C_Massachusetts \"Leicester, Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Defunct airports in Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Defunct_airports_in_Massachusetts \"Defunct airports in Massachusetts\")\n[Category:Airports in Worcester County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Category:Airports_in_Worcester_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Airports in Worcester County, Massachusetts\")\n\n"
]
}
|
George Gordon, 15th Earl of Sutherland
|
{
"id": [
17706726
],
"name": [
"Gomach"
]
}
|
21yoovxe92jx7cfh99tg2rt6in1vkma
|
2024-04-16T15:55:35Z
| 1,168,280,668 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n[thumb\\|The grave of George, 15th Earl of Sutherland, Holyrood Abbey](/wiki/File:The_grave_of_George%2C_15th_Earl_of_Sutherland%2C_Holyrood_Abbey.jpg \"The grave of George, 15th Earl of Sutherland, Holyrood Abbey.jpg\")\n**George Gordon, 15th Earl of Sutherland** (2 November 1633 – 4 March 1703\\) was a Scottish nobleman.\n\nHe was the eldest surviving son of [John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland](/wiki/John_Gordon%2C_14th_Earl_of_Sutherland \"John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland\"), and his first wife Lady Jean Drummond, daughter of James Drummond, the 1st [Earl of Perth](/wiki/Earl_of_Perth \"Earl of Perth\"). On 11 Aug 1659 he married Lady Jean Wemyss, daughter of [David Wemyss, 2nd Earl of Wemyss](/wiki/David_Wemyss%2C_2nd_Earl_of_Wemyss \"David Wemyss, 2nd Earl of Wemyss\"), and his first wife [Anna Balfour](/wiki/Anna_Balfour \"Anna Balfour\"). His only son was [John Gordon, 16th Earl of Sutherland](/wiki/John_Gordon%2C_16th_Earl_of_Sutherland \"John Gordon, 16th Earl of Sutherland\"). He also had one daughter Anna who married Robert Arbuthnott, 3rd [Viscount of Arbuthnott](/wiki/Viscount_of_Arbuthnott \"Viscount of Arbuthnott\").Cokayne, George E., and Vicary Gibbs, *Complete Peerage* (Gloucester: Sutton, 1984\\).\n\nHe is buried in [Holyrood Abbey](/wiki/Holyrood_Abbey \"Holyrood Abbey\"). His ornate monument by [James Smith](/wiki/James_Smith_%28architect%2C_died_1731%29 \"James Smith (architect, died 1731)\") stands on the north wall.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1633 births](/wiki/Category:1633_births \"1633 births\")\n[Category:1703 deaths](/wiki/Category:1703_deaths \"1703 deaths\")\n[Category:Nobility from Highland (council area)](/wiki/Category:Nobility_from_Highland_%28council_area%29 \"Nobility from Highland (council area)\")\n[George](/wiki/Category:Earls_of_Sutherland \"Earls of Sutherland\")\n[Category:Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1689](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Convention_of_the_Estates_of_Scotland_1689 \"Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1689\")\n[Category:Burials at Holyrood Abbey](/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Holyrood_Abbey \"Burials at Holyrood Abbey\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Scan statistic
|
{
"id": [
31737083
],
"name": [
"JCW-CleanerBot"
]
}
|
ttciqt31x7vfy3q6hgvjd3ynggw4noh
|
2024-02-19T16:14:59Z
| 1,193,046,532 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"In [statistics](/wiki/Statistics \"Statistics\"), a **scan statistic** or **window statistic** is a problem relating to the clustering of randomly positioned points. An example of a typical problem is the maximum size of a cluster of points on a line or the longest series of successes recorded by a moving window of fixed length.\n\n[Joseph Naus](/wiki/Joseph_Naus \"Joseph Naus\") first published on the problem in the 1960s, and has been called the \"father of the scan statistic\" in honour of his early contributions. The results can be applied in [epidemiology](/wiki/Epidemiology \"Epidemiology\"), [public health](/wiki/Public_health \"Public health\") and [astronomy](/wiki/Astronomy \"Astronomy\") to find unusual clusters of events.\n\nIt was extended by [Martin Kulldorff](/wiki/Martin_Kulldorff \"Martin Kulldorff\") to multidimensional settings and varying window sizes in a 1997 paper, which is () the most cited article in its journal, *[Communications in Statistics – Theory and Methods](/wiki/Communications_in_Statistics \"Communications in Statistics\")*. This work lead to the creation of the software [SaTScan](/wiki/SaTScan \"SaTScan\"), a program trademarked by Martin Kulldorff that applies his methods to data.\n\nRecent results have shown that using scale\\-dependent critical values for the scan statistic allows to attain asymptotically optimal detection simultaneously for all signal lengths, thereby improving on the traditional scan, but this procedure has been criticized for losing too much power for short signals. Walther and Perry (2022\\) considered the problem of detecting an elevated mean on an interval with unknown location and length in the univariate Gaussian sequence model. They explain this discrepancy by showing that these asymptotic optimality results will necessarily be too imprecise to discern the performance of scan statistics in a practically relevant way, even in a large sample context. Instead, they propose to assess the performance with a new finite sample criterion. They presented three new calibration techniques for scan statistics that perform well across a range of relevant signal lengths to optimally increase performance of short signals.\n\nThe scan\\-statistic\\-based methods have been specifically developed to detect rare variant associations in the noncoding genome, especially for the [intergenic region](/wiki/Intergenic_region \"Intergenic region\"). Compared with fixed\\-size sliding window analysis, scan\\-statistic\\-based methods use data\\-adaptive size dynamic window to scan the genome continuously, and increase the analysis power by flexibly selecting the locations and sizes of the signal regions. Some examples of these methods are Q\\-SCAN, SCANG, \nWGScan.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [SaTScan](http://www.satscan.org/) free software for the spatial, temporal and space\\-time scan statistics\n\n[Category:Summary statistics](/wiki/Category:Summary_statistics \"Summary statistics\")\n[Category:Spatial analysis](/wiki/Category:Spatial_analysis \"Spatial analysis\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Steve Fenton (footballer)
|
{
"id": [
1005449
],
"name": [
"GiantSnowman"
]
}
|
eob1e6a265iw197h1vyioi1l1dve95v
|
2024-04-30T17:51:02Z
| 1,221,502,716 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Career",
"Sources",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Stephen James Fenton** (born 25 February 1951\\) is an English former professional [footballer](/wiki/Association_football \"Association football\") who played as a [full back](/wiki/Full_back_%28association_football%29 \"Full back (association football)\") and [midfielder](/wiki/Midfielder \"Midfielder\").\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nBorn in [Hartlepool](/wiki/Hartlepool \"Hartlepool\"), Fenton played for [Middlesbrough](/wiki/Middlesbrough_F.C. \"Middlesbrough F.C.\"), [Bradford City](/wiki/Bradford_City_A.F.C. \"Bradford City A.F.C.\") and [Bradford Park Avenue](/wiki/Bradford_Park_Avenue_A.F.C. \"Bradford Park Avenue A.F.C.\").Frost, p. 396\n\nFor Bradford City he made 10 appearances in [the Football League](/wiki/The_Football_League \"The Football League\"), scoring 1 goal. He also scored 1 goal in 3 appearances in the Football League Cup.Frost, p. 382\n\n",
"Sources\n-------\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1951 births](/wiki/Category:1951_births \"1951 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:English men's footballers](/wiki/Category:English_men%27s_footballers \"English men's footballers\")\n[Category:Middlesbrough F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Middlesbrough_F.C._players \"Middlesbrough F.C. players\")\n[Category:Bradford City A.F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Bradford_City_A.F.C._players \"Bradford City A.F.C. players\")\n[Category:Bradford (Park Avenue) A.F.C. players](/wiki/Category:Bradford_%28Park_Avenue%29_A.F.C._players \"Bradford (Park Avenue) A.F.C. players\")\n[Category:English Football League players](/wiki/Category:English_Football_League_players \"English Football League players\")\n[Category:Men's association football fullbacks](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_fullbacks \"Men's association football fullbacks\")\n[Category:Men's association football midfielders](/wiki/Category:Men%27s_association_football_midfielders \"Men's association football midfielders\")\n[Category:Footballers from Hartlepool](/wiki/Category:Footballers_from_Hartlepool \"Footballers from Hartlepool\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Coolawanyah Station
|
{
"id": [
278097
],
"name": [
"JarrahTree"
]
}
|
c4f3nsutuescvmv98rdse6s278ejsm3
|
2023-08-06T13:58:51Z
| 1,169,013,315 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Transportation",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Coolawanyah Station**, also spelt as **Coolawaya Station**, is a pastoral lease and [sheep station](/wiki/Sheep_station \"Sheep station\") located approximately north of [Tom Price](/wiki/Tom_Price%2C_Western_Australia \"Tom Price, Western Australia\"), south east of [Karratha](/wiki/Karratha \"Karratha\") and south west of [Port Hedland](/wiki/Port_Hedland \"Port Hedland\"), in the [Shire of Ashburton](/wiki/Shire_of_Ashburton \"Shire of Ashburton\"), part of the [Pilbara](/wiki/Pilbara \"Pilbara\") region of [Western Australia](/wiki/Western_Australia \"Western Australia\"). The property shares a boundary with [Millstream Chichester National Park](/wiki/Millstream_Chichester_National_Park \"Millstream Chichester National Park\") to the west.\n\nThe property was acquired by Roy Parsons and his partners in 1922 after he served in the [navy](/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy \"Royal Australian Navy\") during [World War I](/wiki/World_War_I \"World War I\"). Parsons bought out his partners during the next few years, eventually owning the leasehold outright. In 1949 Parsons and Ted LeFroy formed the Coolawanyah Pastoral Company and acquired Tambrey and [Hooley Stations](/wiki/Hooley_Station \"Hooley Station\"), which they merged with Coolawanyah with a total size of . Later they also leased Millstream Station from the [Department of Water](/wiki/Department_of_Water_%28Western_Australia%29 \"Department of Water (Western Australia)\"), creating a total leaseholding of .\n\nDuring the 1950s the property switched from sheep to cattle after suffering from [dingo](/wiki/Dingo \"Dingo\") attacks. In 1956 Roy's youngest son, Les, took over management of the property.\n\nThe Parsons family are also related to the [Withnell](/wiki/Emma_Withnell \"Emma Withnell\") family and still ran the property in 2008 with Kim and Cindy Parsons managing the with a herd of 4,000 head of cattle.\n\n",
"Transportation\n--------------\n\nThe locality is served by the [Coolawanyah Station Airport](/wiki/Coolawanyah_Station_Airport \"Coolawanyah Station Airport\") .\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of pastoral leases in Western Australia](/wiki/List_of_pastoral_leases_in_Western_Australia \"List of pastoral leases in Western Australia\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Stations in the Pilbara](/wiki/Category:Stations_in_the_Pilbara \"Stations in the Pilbara\")\n[Category:Shire of Ashburton](/wiki/Category:Shire_of_Ashburton \"Shire of Ashburton\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Robin Sloan
|
{
"id": [
40123752
],
"name": [
"Hey man im josh"
]
}
|
72ncbiyh9c9b5khmfme3skvx0c2uurl
|
2024-09-16T17:42:53Z
| 1,233,147,842 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Career",
"Personal life",
"Bibliography",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Robin Sloan** is an American author. His [debut novel](/wiki/Debut_novel \"Debut novel\"), *[Mr. Penumbra's 24\\-Hour Bookstore](/wiki/Mr._Penumbra%27s_24-Hour_Bookstore \"Mr. Penumbra's 24-Hour Bookstore\")*, was published in 2012\\.\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nSloan was born to a home economics teacher and an appliance salesman. He grew up in [Troy, Michigan](/wiki/Troy%2C_Michigan \"Troy, Michigan\"), where he attended Wattles Elementary School. He graduated from [Athens High School](/wiki/Athens_High_School_%28Troy%2C_Michigan%29 \"Athens High School (Troy, Michigan)\") in 1998\\.\n\nSloan attended [Michigan State University](/wiki/Michigan_State_University \"Michigan State University\"), where he co\\-founded the [literary magazine](/wiki/Literary_magazine \"Literary magazine\") *Oats.* He was also a columnist and cartoonist for *[The State News](/wiki/The_State_News \"The State News\")* student newspaper. He graduated in 2002 with a degree in economics from the [Eli Broad College of Business](/wiki/Eli_Broad_College_of_Business \"Eli Broad College of Business\"). He moved to [St. Petersburg, Florida](/wiki/St._Petersburg%2C_Florida \"St. Petersburg, Florida\"), after graduation for a fellowship at the [Poynter Institute](/wiki/Poynter_Institute \"Poynter Institute\"). In 2003, he founded the SnarkMarket blog with some friends.\n\nSloan moved to the [San Francisco Bay Area](/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area \"San Francisco Bay Area\") in 2004 to work at [Current TV](/wiki/Current_TV \"Current TV\") as a media strategist/interactive producer.\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\nSloan crowdfunded his [novella](/wiki/Novella \"Novella\") *Annabel Scheme* in 2009 through [Kickstarter](/wiki/Kickstarter \"Kickstarter\"). After successfully funding the project, he quit his job at Current to write the novella full time. About a thousand copies of the novella were printed and the novella was released under a [Creative Commons NonCommercial license](/wiki/Creative_Commons_NonCommercial_license \"Creative Commons NonCommercial license\").\n\nPrior to working as an author, Sloan worked at [Twitter](/wiki/Twitter \"Twitter\") as a media manager, helping news companies condense their reports to Twitter's 140 characters tweet limit.\n\nSloan's first novel *Mr. Penumbra's 24\\-Hour Bookstore* was released in 2012\\. The story began as a 6,000 word short story published onto Sloan's personal website and [Kindle Store](/wiki/Kindle_Store \"Kindle Store\"). The novel was listed in *[San Francisco Chronicle](/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle \"San Francisco Chronicle\")*'s list of top 100 books of 2012\\. It is about a laid\\-off Silicon Valley tech worker who begins working at a dusty bookstore with very few customers, only to start discovering one secret after another. The mysterious old books, along with the store's owner, lead to a 500‑year‑old secret society.\n\nHis second novel *Sourdough* was released in September 2017\\. It was listed as one of the *San Francisco Chronicle*'s top 100 books of 2017\\.\n\nHis [speculative fiction](/wiki/Speculative_fiction \"Speculative fiction\") short story *The* *Conspiracy Museum* was published in *[The Atlantic](/wiki/The_Atlantic \"The Atlantic\")* in May 2020 as part of the \"Shadowlands\" project exploring conspiracy thinking in the United States*.*\n\nHis third novel, *Moonbound,* was released on 11 June 2024\\.\n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nSloan resides in [Rockridge, Oakland, California](/wiki/Rockridge%2C_Oakland%2C_California \"Rockridge, Oakland, California\"). Sloan and his partner Kathryn Tomajan produce olive oil under the Fat Gold brand. They harvest off of leased land in [Sunol, California](/wiki/Sunol%2C_California \"Sunol, California\").\n\n",
"Bibliography\n------------\n\n* *Annabel Scheme* (2010\\)\n* *[Mr. Penumbra's 24\\-Hour Bookstore](/wiki/Mr._Penumbra%27s_24-Hour_Bookstore \"Mr. Penumbra's 24-Hour Bookstore\")* (2012\\) \n* *Ajax Penumbra 1969* (2013\\) \n* *Sourdough: Or, Lois and Her Adventures in the Underground Market: A Novel* (2017\\) \n* *Annabel Scheme and the Adventure of the New Golden Gate* (2020\\) (Novella; \"neither sequel nor prequel to the original Annabel Scheme novella published in 2009\".)\n* *The Suitcase Clone* (2022\\) \n* *Moonbound* (2024\\) ISBN 978\\-0374610609\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [MSU *Oats* Magazine website](https://msu.edu/~oats/about.html)\n* [SnarkMarket blog website](http://snarkmarket.com/)\n* [*New Liberal Arts*](http://snarkmarket.com/nla/) published by SnarkMarket\n\n[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_%28living_people%29 \"Year of birth missing (living people)\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:American male novelists](/wiki/Category:American_male_novelists \"American male novelists\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American novelists](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_novelists \"21st-century American novelists\")\n[Category:21st\\-century American male writers](/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_male_writers \"21st-century American male writers\")\n[Category:Eli Broad College of Business alumni](/wiki/Category:Eli_Broad_College_of_Business_alumni \"Eli Broad College of Business alumni\")\n\n"
]
}
|
2013–14 Melbourne Victory FC season
|
{
"id": [
10951369
],
"name": [
"Onel5969"
]
}
|
382mikdqyqeh99co0mx1zl6txzxhji6
|
2024-06-17T14:39:28Z
| 1,188,200,358 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"History",
"Players",
"Senior squad",
"Transfers",
"Winter",
"In",
"Out",
"Summer",
"In",
"Out",
"Competitions",
"Overall",
"Pre-season",
"A-League",
"Matches",
"League table",
"Results summary",
"Results by round",
"League Goalscorers per Round",
"AFC Champions League",
"Qualifying play-off",
"Group stage",
"Goalscorers",
"Awards",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
2,
3,
4,
4,
3,
4,
4,
2,
3,
3,
3,
4,
4,
4,
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3,
4,
4,
4,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **2013–14 Melbourne Victory season** is the ninth [A\\-League](/wiki/A-League \"A-League\") season for the club.\n\n",
"History\n-------\n\nThe 2013–14 season was Melbourne Victory's ninth season in the A\\-League. \nOn Monday 13 May 2013, Melbourne Victory announced their first signing of the season by signing [Brisbane Roar](/wiki/Brisbane_Roar_FC \"Brisbane Roar FC\") [Mitch Nichols](/wiki/Mitch_Nichols \"Mitch Nichols\") on a two\\-year deal, reuniting him with his former Roar manager [Ange Postecoglou](/wiki/Ange_Postecoglou \"Ange Postecoglou\"). He became Postecoglou's first new signing ahead of the 2013/14 A\\-League season. On 9 June it was speculated that Melbourne Victory was the prime club looking to sign [Greece national team](/wiki/Greece_national_football_team \"Greece national football team\") [captain](/wiki/Capain_%28sport%29 \"Capain (sport)\"), [Giorgos Karagounis](/wiki/Giorgos_Karagounis \"Giorgos Karagounis\"), after it was confirmed he was to be released by [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League \"Premier League\") club [Fulham](/wiki/Fulham_F.C. \"Fulham F.C.\"). After it was confirmed the Karagounis talks had come to a halt, Fulham then had second thoughts about the release and decided to pursue Karagounis' signature, which in the end they did. Argentine Marque player [Marcos Flores](/wiki/Marcos_Flores \"Marcos Flores\") was released with mutual consent on 5 July. Following Flores' departure to [Central Coast Mariners](/wiki/Central_Coast_Mariners_FC \"Central Coast Mariners FC\"), Victory attempted to sign Italian international [Fabrizio Miccoli](/wiki/Fabrizio_Miccoli \"Fabrizio Miccoli\") as their marquee player however he signed with [Lecce](/wiki/U.S._Lecce \"U.S. Lecce\"). Following these two disappointments for the Melbourne Victory stakeholders, the victory hosted one of the most notable sporting events in Australian Sporting history. This event was a Melbourne Victory against [Liverpool](/wiki/Liverpool_F.C. \"Liverpool F.C.\") at the [MCG](/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground \"Melbourne Cricket Ground\") in front of 95,446 spectators. The full Liverpool squad was brought to [Melbourne](/wiki/Melbourne \"Melbourne\"), including stars such as [Steven Gerrard](/wiki/Steven_Gerrard \"Steven Gerrard\"), [Luis Suárez](/wiki/Luis_Su%C3%A1rez \"Luis Suárez\"), [Kolo Touré](/wiki/Kolo_Tour%C3%A9 \"Kolo Touré\"), [Simon Mignolet](/wiki/Simon_Mignolet \"Simon Mignolet\"), and [Brad Jones](/wiki/Brad_Jones_%28footballer%29 \"Brad Jones (footballer)\"). Melbourne lost the game 0–2 in what was considered a 'thriller', and has since sparked rumours of the development of a sister club relationship. Following the Liverpool match, [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\") was signed on a 3\\-year deal. On 17 September, [Adrian Leijer](/wiki/Adrian_Leijer \"Adrian Leijer\") handed over the [captaincy](/wiki/Captain_%28association_football%29 \"Captain (association football)\") role to [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\"). On 23 October 2013, it was revealed that [Ange Postecoglou](/wiki/Ange_Postecoglou \"Ange Postecoglou\") will coach the [Socceroos](/wiki/Australia_men%27s_national_soccer_team \"Australia men's national soccer team\") and it was rumoured that [Kevin Muscat](/wiki/Kevin_Muscat \"Kevin Muscat\") would take over as coach of Melbourne Victory. On 31 October 2013, Muscat was officially appointed as Melbourne Victory's coach.\n\n",
"Players\n-------\n\n### Senior squad\n\nAs of 21 January 2014\\. \n\n",
"### Senior squad\n\nAs of 21 January 2014\\. \n\n",
"Transfers\n---------\n\n### Winter\n\n#### In\n\n#### Out\n\n### Summer\n\n#### In\n\n#### Out\n\n",
"### Winter\n\n#### In\n\n#### Out\n\n",
"#### In\n\n",
"#### Out\n\n",
"### Summer\n\n#### In\n\n#### Out\n\n",
"#### In\n\n",
"#### Out\n\n",
"Competitions\n------------\n\n### Overall\n\n| Competition | Started round | Current position / round | Final position / round | First match | Last match |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [A\\-League](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_A-League%23Regular_season \"2013–14 A-League#Regular season\") | — | — | 4th | 12 October 2013 | 12 April 2014 |\n| [AFC Champions League](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League \"2014 AFC Champions League\") | [Qualifying play\\-off](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League_qualifying_play-off%23East_Asia_Zone_4 \"2014 AFC Champions League qualifying play-off#East Asia Zone 4\") | — | [Group stage](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League_group_stage%23Group_G \"2014 AFC Champions League group stage#Group G\") | 15 February 2014 | 22 April 2014 |\n| [National Youth League](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_A-League_National_Youth_League%23Fixtures \"2013–14 A-League National Youth League#Fixtures\") | — | — | 3rd | 26 October 2013 | 1 March 2014 |\n\n### Pre\\-season\n\n### A\\-League\n\n#### Matches\n\n* + - * + \n\n* + - \n\n#### League table\n\n#### Results summary\n\n#### Results by round\n\n#### League Goalscorers per Round\n\n|Total\n\nPlayer\n\nGoals per Round\n\n| |\n| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 |\n| 12 | | [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\") | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | 1 | | 1 |\n| 8 | | [Archie Thompson](/wiki/Archie_Thompson \"Archie Thompson\") | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | | 1 | | | | 1 |\n| | [Guilherme Finkler](/wiki/Guilherme_Finkler \"Guilherme Finkler\") | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | 1 |\n| 4 | | [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | |\n| | [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | 1 |\n| 3 | | [Mitch Nichols](/wiki/Mitch_Nichols \"Mitch Nichols\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| 1 | | [Adama Traoré](/wiki/Adama_Traor%C3%A9_%28footballer%2C_born_1990%29 \"Adama Traoré (footballer, born 1990)\") | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [Andrew Nabbout](/wiki/Andrew_Nabbout \"Andrew Nabbout\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |\n| 42 | TOTAL 0 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 |\n\n### AFC Champions League\n\n#### Qualifying play\\-off\n\n#### Group stage\n\n#### Goalscorers\n\n3 goals\n* [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\")\n\n2 goals\n* [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\")\n* [Leigh Broxham](/wiki/Leigh_Broxham \"Leigh Broxham\")\n\n1 goal\n* [Nick Ansell](/wiki/Nick_Ansell \"Nick Ansell\")\n* [Pablo Contreras](/wiki/Pablo_Contreras \"Pablo Contreras\")\n* [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\")\n* [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\")\n\n \n\n",
"### Overall\n\n| Competition | Started round | Current position / round | Final position / round | First match | Last match |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| [A\\-League](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_A-League%23Regular_season \"2013–14 A-League#Regular season\") | — | — | 4th | 12 October 2013 | 12 April 2014 |\n| [AFC Champions League](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League \"2014 AFC Champions League\") | [Qualifying play\\-off](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League_qualifying_play-off%23East_Asia_Zone_4 \"2014 AFC Champions League qualifying play-off#East Asia Zone 4\") | — | [Group stage](/wiki/2014_AFC_Champions_League_group_stage%23Group_G \"2014 AFC Champions League group stage#Group G\") | 15 February 2014 | 22 April 2014 |\n| [National Youth League](/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_A-League_National_Youth_League%23Fixtures \"2013–14 A-League National Youth League#Fixtures\") | — | — | 3rd | 26 October 2013 | 1 March 2014 |\n\n",
"### Pre\\-season\n\n",
"### A\\-League\n\n#### Matches\n\n* + - * + \n\n* + - \n\n#### League table\n\n#### Results summary\n\n#### Results by round\n\n#### League Goalscorers per Round\n\n|Total\n\nPlayer\n\nGoals per Round\n\n| |\n| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 |\n| 12 | | [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\") | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | 1 | | 1 |\n| 8 | | [Archie Thompson](/wiki/Archie_Thompson \"Archie Thompson\") | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | | 1 | | | | 1 |\n| | [Guilherme Finkler](/wiki/Guilherme_Finkler \"Guilherme Finkler\") | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | 1 |\n| 4 | | [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | |\n| | [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | 1 |\n| 3 | | [Mitch Nichols](/wiki/Mitch_Nichols \"Mitch Nichols\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| 1 | | [Adama Traoré](/wiki/Adama_Traor%C3%A9_%28footballer%2C_born_1990%29 \"Adama Traoré (footballer, born 1990)\") | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [Andrew Nabbout](/wiki/Andrew_Nabbout \"Andrew Nabbout\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |\n| 42 | TOTAL 0 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 |\n\n",
"#### Matches\n\n* + - * + \n\n* + - \n\n",
"#### League table\n\n",
"#### Results summary\n\n",
"#### Results by round\n\n",
"#### League Goalscorers per Round\n\n|Total\n\nPlayer\n\nGoals per Round\n\n| |\n| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 |\n| 12 | | [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\") | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | 1 | | 1 |\n| 8 | | [Archie Thompson](/wiki/Archie_Thompson \"Archie Thompson\") | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | | 1 | | | | 1 |\n| | [Guilherme Finkler](/wiki/Guilherme_Finkler \"Guilherme Finkler\") | 1 | | | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | 1 |\n| 4 | | [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | | | | | |\n| | [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | 1 |\n| 3 | | [Mitch Nichols](/wiki/Mitch_Nichols \"Mitch Nichols\") | | | | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| 1 | | [Adama Traoré](/wiki/Adama_Traor%C3%A9_%28footballer%2C_born_1990%29 \"Adama Traoré (footballer, born 1990)\") | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [Andrew Nabbout](/wiki/Andrew_Nabbout \"Andrew Nabbout\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\n| | [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\") | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | |\n| 42 | TOTAL 0 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 |\n\n",
"### AFC Champions League\n\n#### Qualifying play\\-off\n\n#### Group stage\n\n#### Goalscorers\n\n3 goals\n* [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\")\n\n2 goals\n* [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\")\n* [Leigh Broxham](/wiki/Leigh_Broxham \"Leigh Broxham\")\n\n1 goal\n* [Nick Ansell](/wiki/Nick_Ansell \"Nick Ansell\")\n* [Pablo Contreras](/wiki/Pablo_Contreras \"Pablo Contreras\")\n* [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\")\n* [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\")\n\n \n\n",
"#### Qualifying play\\-off\n\n",
"#### Group stage\n\n",
"#### Goalscorers\n\n3 goals\n* [James Troisi](/wiki/James_Troisi \"James Troisi\")\n\n2 goals\n* [Kosta Barbarouses](/wiki/Kosta_Barbarouses \"Kosta Barbarouses\")\n* [Leigh Broxham](/wiki/Leigh_Broxham \"Leigh Broxham\")\n\n1 goal\n* [Nick Ansell](/wiki/Nick_Ansell \"Nick Ansell\")\n* [Pablo Contreras](/wiki/Pablo_Contreras \"Pablo Contreras\")\n* [James Jeggo](/wiki/James_Jeggo \"James Jeggo\")\n* [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\")\n\n \n\n",
"Awards\n------\n\n* Player of the Week (Round 25\\) – [Mark Milligan](/wiki/Mark_Milligan \"Mark Milligan\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Official website](http://www.melbournevictory.com.au/)\n* [A\\-League website](http://www.a-league.com.au/)\n* [Melbourne Victory Videos](https://web.archive.org/web/20090221075001/http://mvfcvideos.webs.com/)\n\n[2013\\-14](/wiki/Category:Melbourne_Victory_FC_seasons \"Melbourne Victory FC seasons\")\n[Category:2013–14 A\\-League season by team](/wiki/Category:2013%E2%80%9314_A-League_season_by_team \"2013–14 A-League season by team\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Albert of Cashel
|
{
"id": [
7098284
],
"name": [
"Tassedethe"
]
}
|
fj8epb0usxi82poe0mr8rb39g0akuo7
|
2023-11-06T22:11:25Z
| 1,169,881,019 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life",
"Controversy",
"See also",
"Literature",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n[right\\|thumb\\|170px\\| The [Rock of Cashel](/wiki/Rock_of_Cashel \"Rock of Cashel\")](/wiki/File:IMGRockCashel_4756w.jpg \"IMGRockCashel 4756w.jpg\")\n\n**Albert of Cashel** was an eighth century [saint](/wiki/Saint \"Saint\") and [Patron](/wiki/Patron_saint \"Patron saint\") of [Cashel, Ireland](/wiki/Cashel%2C_County_Tipperary \"Cashel, County Tipperary\").\n\n",
"Life\n----\n\nTraditionally held to be an Englishman who worked in Ireland and then [Bavaria](/wiki/Bavaria \"Bavaria\"), Albert went to Jerusalem and died in Regensburg on his return journey.[Alber of Cashel](http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=1206) at Catholic.org.\n\nHe was an [evangelist](/wiki/Evangelism \"Evangelism\") working mainly around the city of Cashel, and may have been a [bishop](/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cashel \"Archbishop of Cashel\") there.[Albert of Cashel](http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-albert-of-cashel/) at saints.sqpn.com. In a legendary 12th century biography he is called *natione Anglus, conversatione Angelicus* \\- “by race an [Angle](/wiki/Angle \"Angle\"), in manners an angel\". He continued his [work as an Evangelist](/wiki/Cashel%2C_County_Tipperary%23Ancient_history \"Cashel, County Tipperary#Ancient history\") in [Bavaria](/wiki/Bavaria \"Bavaria\") with [Saint](/wiki/Saint \"Saint\") [Erhard of Regensburg](/wiki/Erhard_of_Regensburg \"Erhard of Regensburg\") and is reported to have suffered from arthritis in his back and hips.\n\nHe made a [pilgrimage](/wiki/Pilgrimage \"Pilgrimage\") to Jerusalem, with [Erhard of Regensburg](/wiki/Erhard_of_Regensburg \"Erhard of Regensburg\"). He traveled to Jerusalem but died in 800 [AD](/wiki/Anno_Domini \"Anno Domini\") at [Regensburg](/wiki/Regensburg \"Regensburg\") on the return journey. Albert's grave is in [Niedermünster](/wiki/Niederm%C3%BCnster \"Niedermünster\") in [Regensburg](/wiki/Regensburg \"Regensburg\") [Albert of Cashel](http://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienA/Albert_von_Cashel.html&prev=/search%3Fq%3DAlbert%2Bof%2BCashel%26start%3D10%26sa%3DN%26biw%3D1024%26bih%3D562) at heiligenlexikon.de. and he was [canonized](/wiki/Canonization \"Canonization\") 19 June 1902 by Pope [Leo XIII](/wiki/Leo_XIII \"Leo XIII\").[Albert of Cashel](http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-albert-of-cashel/) at saints.sqpn.com.\n\n",
"Controversy\n-----------\n\nHis existence has been questioned by some, others question his role as [Archbishop of Cashel](/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cashel \"Archbishop of Cashel\"), stating that this [diocese](/wiki/Diocese \"Diocese\") did not exist[Albert of Cashel](http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-albert-of-cashel/) at saints.sqpn.com. [until 1118 AD](/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cashel%23History \"Archbishop of Cashel#History\").\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Rock of Cashel](/wiki/Rock_of_Cashel \"Rock of Cashel\")\n* [Archbishop of Cashel](/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cashel \"Archbishop of Cashel\")\n* [Cashel, Ireland](/wiki/Cashel%2C_County_Tipperary%23history \"Cashel, County Tipperary#history\")\n* [Regensburg](/wiki/Regensburg%23History \"Regensburg#History\")\n* [Scots Monastery, Regensburg](/wiki/Scots_Monastery%2C_Regensburg \"Scots Monastery, Regensburg\")\n",
"Literature\n----------\n\n* [Stefan Weber](/wiki/Stefan_Weber_%28philologist%29 \"Stefan Weber (philologist)\"): *Die Konstruktion eines fabulösen »irischen« Heiligenlebens? Der heilige Albert, Regensburg und die Iren*, in: *Irische Mönche in Süddeutschland. Literarisches und kulturelles Wirken der Iren im Mittelalter*, ed. D. Walz/J. Kaffanke (Lateinische Literatur im deutschen Südwesten 2\\), Heidelberg 2009, p. 229\\-304\\.\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Medieval English saints](/wiki/Category:Medieval_English_saints \"Medieval English saints\")\n[Category:8th\\-century Irish bishops](/wiki/Category:8th-century_Irish_bishops \"8th-century Irish bishops\")\n[Category:8th\\-century Christian saints](/wiki/Category:8th-century_Christian_saints \"8th-century Christian saints\")\n[Category:Canonizations by Pope Leo XIII](/wiki/Category:Canonizations_by_Pope_Leo_XIII \"Canonizations by Pope Leo XIII\")\n[Category:Year of birth unknown](/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_unknown \"Year of birth unknown\")\n[Category:800 deaths](/wiki/Category:800_deaths \"800 deaths\")\n[Category:People from Cashel, County Tipperary](/wiki/Category:People_from_Cashel%2C_County_Tipperary \"People from Cashel, County Tipperary\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Philippine Skating Union
|
{
"id": [
37569991
],
"name": [
"R8cobra"
]
}
|
4nv9fh56pfw33y64wdmx2ypand30asr
|
2024-07-16T03:45:16Z
| 1,195,818,289 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Tournaments",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Philippine Skating Union** (PhSU) is the sports governing body of the Philippines for [figure skating](/wiki/Figure_skating \"Figure skating\") and [short track](/wiki/Short_track_speed_skating \"Short track speed skating\") [speedskating](/wiki/Speedskating \"Speedskating\"). PhSU was granted provisional membership on June 13, 2004 by the [International Skating Union](/wiki/International_Skating_Union \"International Skating Union\"). Full membership was granted upon the completion of an Olympic sized skating rink at the [SM Mall of Asia](/wiki/SM_Mall_of_Asia \"SM Mall of Asia\"). It is a National Sports Association duly recognized by the [Philippine Sports Commission](/wiki/Philippine_Sports_Commission \"Philippine Sports Commission\") and the [Philippine Olympic Committee](/wiki/Philippine_Olympic_Committee \"Philippine Olympic Committee\"). PhSU was originally established as the Ice Skating Institute of the Philippines.\n\n",
"Tournaments\n-----------\n\n* [Philippine Figure Skating Championships](/wiki/Philippine_Figure_Skating_Championships \"Philippine Figure Skating Championships\")\n* [Philippine Open Short Track Championships](/wiki/Philippine_Open_Short_Track_Championships \"Philippine Open Short Track Championships\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Profile of the PSU at the ISU Official site](http://www.isu.org/en/about-isu/member-federations/phi-fs-philippine-skating-union)\n\n[Skating Union](/wiki/Category:Sports_governing_bodies_in_the_Philippines \"Sports governing bodies in the Philippines\")\n[Philippines](/wiki/Category:National_governing_bodies_for_ice_skating \"National governing bodies for ice skating\")\n[Category:Speed skating in the Philippines](/wiki/Category:Speed_skating_in_the_Philippines \"Speed skating in the Philippines\")\n[Category:National members of the International Skating Union](/wiki/Category:National_members_of_the_International_Skating_Union \"National members of the International Skating Union\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Tornadoes of 2014
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"2600:8801:A802:C300:709F:D488:B78C:DF7C"
]
}
|
pnuvwgkqn15x6jeyn95m25m9bb92gpo
|
2024-08-24T23:51:19Z
| 1,240,414,656 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Synopsis",
"North America",
"United States yearly total<!-- This section is transcluded to other articles ([[List of United States tornadoes in 2014 (disambiguation)]]); modify with caution. -->",
"January 11",
"February 20–21",
"March 25–29",
"April 6–7",
"April 25",
"April 27–30",
"May 10–12",
"May 14–16",
"May 22",
"June 3–4",
"June 16–18",
"June 30–July 1",
"July 8",
"July 24",
"July 27–28",
"September 9–10",
"October 13–15",
"November 16–17",
"November 23",
"December 12–15",
"December 23–24",
"Europe",
"January 25 (Europe)",
"August 29–30 (Europe)",
"Asia",
"July 26 (Mongolia)",
"Elsewhere",
"April 12 (Brazil)",
"July 15 (Australia)",
"September 20–24 (Brazil)",
"See also",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
3,
3,
2,
3,
2,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThis page documents the [tornadoes](/wiki/Tornado \"Tornado\") and [tornado outbreaks](/wiki/Tornado_outbreak \"Tornado outbreak\") of **2014**. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the [United States](/wiki/United%C2%A0States \"United States\"), [Bangladesh](/wiki/Bangladesh \"Bangladesh\"), [Brazil](/wiki/Brazil \"Brazil\"), and [Eastern India](/wiki/East_India \"East India\"), but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also appear regularly in neighboring southern [Canada](/wiki/Canada \"Canada\") during the Northern Hemisphere's summer season, and somewhat regularly in [Europe](/wiki/Europe \"Europe\"), [Asia](/wiki/Asia \"Asia\"), and [Australia](/wiki/Australia \"Australia\").\n\nThere were at least 929 tornadoes confirmed in the United States in 2014\\. 74 fatalities have been confirmed worldwide in 2014: 47 in the United States, 20 in Bangladesh, three in Brazil and two in Australia and [Russia](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\").\n\n",
"Synopsis\n--------\n\n* + - * + - * + - * + - * + - \n\nEarly 2014 featured several strong cold waves that settled across the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") and kept severe weather suppressed. However, severe weather did develop on January 11 after temperatures moderated, and four EF0 tornadoes were confirmed–three in [Virginia](/wiki/Virginia \"Virginia\") and one in [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"). The rest of the month, along with the first half of February, was very quiet in terms of severe weather. Another intrusion of warm air allowed instability to develop in mid\\-February, and 41 tornadoes touched down across the lower Midwest and the Southeast U.S. on February 21 and 22\\. Four of these were strong enough to be rated EF2 on the [Enhanced Fujita scale](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\"). The rest of February and most of March was quiet, with only weak tornadoes touching down in [Arizona](/wiki/Arizona \"Arizona\"), [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\"), and [California](/wiki/California \"California\"). However, activity picked up on March 27, with several tornadoes touching down across [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\") and [Iowa](/wiki/Iowa \"Iowa\") in association with a cold front. The general trend of low activity continued through most of April with only a few small outbreaks occurring. This trend ended with a major outbreak that started on April 27 producing multiple strong tornadoes across the Great Plains and the South and killing 35 people.\n\n",
"North America\n-------------\n\n### United States yearly total\n\n### January 11\n\nA line of severe thunderstorms swept across the [Southern United States](/wiki/Southern_United_States \"Southern United States\"), with four EF0 tornadoes touching down in association with these thunderstorms. The first of these touched down in rural [Cherokee County, Georgia](/wiki/Cherokee_County%2C_Georgia \"Cherokee County, Georgia\"), downing trees and damaging a fence. The other three tornadoes occurred over southeastern [Virginia](/wiki/Virginia \"Virginia\"), downing trees and causing minimal damage to houses. However, one tornado in the [Fox Hill](/wiki/Fox_Hill%2C_Virginia \"Fox Hill, Virginia\") area caused roof damage to a church and numerous houses, ripped the roof off of a school maintenance compound, and destroyed the Fox Hill Athletic Association building.\n### February 20–21\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|High\\-end EF2 damage to a house in Fort Payne, AL.](/wiki/File:FortPayne2014.jpg \"FortPayne2014.jpg\")\nA large [shortwave trough](/wiki/Shortwave_%28meteorology%29 \"Shortwave (meteorology)\") progressed across the northern Plains on February 20, with an associated surface low\\-pressure area contributing to a blizzard across Michigan and Wisconsin. Within the warm sector of the cyclone, modest instability and moisture, as well as sufficient forcing along a [cold front](/wiki/Cold_front \"Cold front\"), initiated the development of a [squall line](/wiki/Squall_line \"Squall line\") across the [Ohio River Valley](/wiki/Ohio_River \"Ohio River\") and [Mississippi River Valley](/wiki/Mississippi_River \"Mississippi River\") by the afternoon. Strong wind shear led to widespread damaging wind reports in addition to over two dozen tornadoes across the Midwestern and Southern United States, four of which were rated EF2 on the [Enhanced Fujita scale](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\"). The first two EF2s affected rural areas in [Illinois](/wiki/Illinois \"Illinois\") near the towns of [Martinsburg](/wiki/Martinsburg_Township%2C_Pike_County%2C_Illinois \"Martinsburg Township, Pike County, Illinois\") and [Pana](/wiki/Pana%2C_Illinois \"Pana, Illinois\"), damaging several farms.\n\nThe squall line continued to push eastward into the [Mid\\-Atlantic states](/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_states \"Mid-Atlantic states\") on February 21, leading to numerous damaging wind reports and several tornadoes from Georgia to Maryland. A brief but strong EF2 clipped the northeast side of [Fort Payne, Alabama](/wiki/Fort_Payne%2C_Alabama \"Fort Payne, Alabama\"), causing significant damage to a factory, an apartment complex, and some homes. Another EF2 struck [Dublin, Georgia](/wiki/Dublin%2C_Georgia \"Dublin, Georgia\"), and destroyed one home, damaged 59 others, and downed numerous trees. Overall, this moderate outbreak produced 43 tornadoes and no fatalities.\n\n### March 25–29\n\nA low pressure system tracked across the United States, producing tornadoes across [California](/wiki/California \"California\"), [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"), and across southern portions of the [Eastern Seaboard](/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States \"East Coast of the United States\"). In Northern California, several brief tornadoes touched down, uprooting trees and causing minor damage. In Northern Missouri, a supercell thunderstorm produced a strong EF2 tornado, which caused heavy roof and wall damage to a farmstead near [Jameson, Missouri](/wiki/Jameson%2C_Missouri \"Jameson, Missouri\"). Another EF2 occurred in [Grundy County](/wiki/Grundy_County%2C_Missouri \"Grundy County, Missouri\") which heavily damaged several residences near [Tindall](/wiki/Tindall%2C_Missouri \"Tindall, Missouri\"). The storm system continued east over the next few days, producing several weak and short\\-lived tornadoes in [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") and [North Carolina](/wiki/North_Carolina \"North Carolina\").\n### April 6–7\n\nSevere thunderstorms moved across portions of the Southern United States, producing at least eight confirmed tornadoes. An EF2 tornado destroyed mobile homes and damaged other structures in and around [Hot Coffee, Mississippi](/wiki/Hot_Coffee%2C_Mississippi \"Hot Coffee, Mississippi\"). Another EF2 tornado caused significant damage in the area of [Pantego, North Carolina](/wiki/Pantego%2C_North_Carolina \"Pantego, North Carolina\"), where homes were damaged and destroyed. Two people were injured when the truck they were in was thrown .\n### April 25\n\nIn advance of a compact shortwave trough and associated cold front, numerous severe thunderstorms developed across central and eastern North Carolina into southern Virginia. An EF3 tornado tracked near [Washington, North Carolina](/wiki/Washington%2C_North_Carolina \"Washington, North Carolina\"), through the Whichards Beach area, across the Pamlico River from Washington, then crossing the Pamlico River and hitting Washington Park, then hitting the intersection of US 264 and NC 32, then leaving the area, damaging or destroying 200 homes and injuring 16 people. This event marks the latest time of formation of the first EF3\\+ tornado in any year on record. An EF2 in [Edenton](/wiki/Edenton%2C_North_Carolina \"Edenton, North Carolina\") resulted in a fatality, the first of the year in the United States.\n\n### April 27–30\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Extreme EF4\\-level tree damage near Louisville, Mississippi.](/wiki/File:LouisvilleEF42014.JPG \"LouisvilleEF42014.JPG\")\n\nA devastating outbreak of tornadoes ripped across parts of [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi \"Mississippi\"), [Alabama](/wiki/Alabama \"Alabama\"), [Tennessee](/wiki/Tennessee \"Tennessee\"), [Iowa](/wiki/Iowa \"Iowa\"), [Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska \"Nebraska\"), [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"), [Kansas](/wiki/Kansas \"Kansas\"), [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma \"Oklahoma\"), [Arkansas](/wiki/Arkansas \"Arkansas\") and [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") in late April 2014\\. The event began on April 27, as multiple intense tornadoes touched down across parts of the Midwest, Ozarks, and Great Plains. A strong EF2 tornado struck [Quapaw, Oklahoma](/wiki/Quapaw%2C_Oklahoma \"Quapaw, Oklahoma\") and [Baxter Springs, Kansas](/wiki/Baxter_Springs%2C_Kansas \"Baxter Springs, Kansas\"), resulting in one fatality, 37 injuries, and severe damage in both towns. An EF1 tornado destroyed multiple outbuildings, killing two people as it passed near [Martinsburg, Iowa](/wiki/Martinsburg%2C_Iowa \"Martinsburg, Iowa\"). A large, violent wedge tornado struck [Mayflower](/wiki/Mayflower%2C_Arkansas \"Mayflower, Arkansas\") and [Vilonia, Arkansas](/wiki/Vilonia%2C_Arkansas \"Vilonia, Arkansas\") later that evening, causing catastrophic damage and killing 16 people as numerous homes and businesses were obliterated, some of which were swept completely away. Trees were completely denuded and debarked, vehicles were thrown and mangled beyond recognition by the tornado, which was rated a high\\-end EF4, the first violent tornado of the year. Destructive tornadoes continued to touch down on April 28, and 10 people were killed when an EF4 tornado struck [Louisville, Mississippi](/wiki/Louisville%2C_Mississippi \"Louisville, Mississippi\"), where many homes, apartment buildings, and businesses were completely destroyed, some of which were leveled or swept away. An EF3 tornado caused one fatality and major damage to many structures in [Tupelo, Mississippi](/wiki/Tupelo%2C_Mississippi \"Tupelo, Mississippi\") as well, and another EF3 struck [Coxey, Alabama](/wiki/Coxey%2C_Alabama \"Coxey, Alabama\"), destroying a mobile home park and killing two people. Numerous other strong tornadoes occurred in rural areas of the Deep South later that night and into the early morning hours of April 29\\. Additional weak tornadoes touched down in [The Carolinas](/wiki/The_Carolinas \"The Carolinas\") and [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") on April 29 and 30 before the outbreak came to an end. 82 tornadoes were confirmed as a result of this outbreak, which resulted in 35 fatalities.\n\nIn addition to the tornado outbreak, a lone EF0 tornado occurred in [Pierce County, Washington](/wiki/Pierce_County%2C_Washington \"Pierce County, Washington\") on April 27, causing minor damage.\n### May 10–12\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|Farmhouse that was leveled by a large EF3 tornado near Sutton, NE.](/wiki/File:SuttonEF32014.jpg \"SuttonEF32014.jpg\")\nA moderate outbreak of 44 tornadoes impacted the central United States in early May 2014\\. On May 10, numerous supercell thunderstorms developed across Missouri in advance of an intensifying upper\\-level low over the [Great Basin](/wiki/Great_Basin \"Great Basin\"). One supercell spawned a damaging EF2 tornado that moved through downtown [Orrick, Missouri](/wiki/Orrick%2C_Missouri \"Orrick, Missouri\"), causing significant damage but no fatalities. 80% of the structures in Orrick were damaged, and the school sustained major damage and lost much of its roof. On May 11, the upper\\-level low continued eastward into the Plains, providing ample wind shear for tornadoes; in preparation for the event, the Storm Prediction Center issued a Moderate risk for severe weather. Numerous thunderstorms developed across the Midwest – particularly Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa – spawning many tornadoes. A large multiple\\-vortex EF3 tornado passed near the town of [Sutton, Nebraska](/wiki/Sutton%2C_Nebraska \"Sutton, Nebraska\"), causing considerable damage to farm properties and flattening an unanchored farmhouse. Powerful [rear flank downdraft](/wiki/Rear_flank_downdraft \"Rear flank downdraft\") winds spawned by the parent supercell severely damaged downtown Sutton. Another very large rain\\-wrapped EF3 wedge tornado passed near the town of [Cordova, Nebraska](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Nebraska \"Cordova, Nebraska\"), destroying multiple homes nearby, spawning multiple satellite tornadoes, and growing to well over a mile wide at times. The Cordova tornado eventually struck the town of [Beaver Crossing](/wiki/Beaver_Crossing%2C_Nebraska \"Beaver Crossing, Nebraska\") before dissipating, damaging virtually every structure in town, with a few destroyed. Two separate tornadoes; rated EF2 and EF1, also caused severe damage near the town of [Raymond](/wiki/Raymond%2C_Nebraska \"Raymond, Nebraska\"). Numerous other less significant tornadoes touched down in Nebraska and other states that evening as well. Later that night, an EF2 tornado largely destroyed a lakeside condominium building near [Yale, Iowa](/wiki/Yale%2C_Iowa \"Yale, Iowa\"). Two weak EF0 tornadoes touched down in northern [Ohio](/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\") on May 12 before the outbreak came to an end.\n### May 14–16\n\nSevere thunderstorms moved across portions of the eastern United States with multiple reports of tornadoes. Two significant tornadoes touched down on May 14\\. The first, rated EF2, damaged several homes and destroyed two barns northeast of [Hopkinsville, Kentucky](/wiki/Hopkinsville%2C_Kentucky \"Hopkinsville, Kentucky\"). An EF3 tornado caused substantial damage near [Cedarville, Ohio](/wiki/Cedarville%2C_Ohio \"Cedarville, Ohio\"), destroying several barns and a farmhouse.\n### May 22\n\nAn EF3 tornado moved across portions of [Schenectady](/wiki/Schenectady_County%2C_New_York \"Schenectady County, New York\") and [Albany](/wiki/Albany_County%2C_New_York \"Albany County, New York\") counties in New York. The worst damage occurred in [Duanesburg](/wiki/Duanesburg%2C_New_York \"Duanesburg, New York\"), where one house was almost completely destroyed. This marks the strongest tornado in the state of New York since May 31, 1998\\. Another tornado, rated EF1, touched down near [Marydel, Delaware](/wiki/Marydel%2C_Delaware \"Marydel, Delaware\").\n### June 3–4\n\nOn June 3, the [Storm Prediction Center](/wiki/Storm_Prediction_Center \"Storm Prediction Center\") issued a high risk outlook for parts of the [Great Plains](/wiki/Great_Plains \"Great Plains\"), mainly due to a significant risk of damaging winds and large hail. A few tornadoes occurred as well, including an EF3 tornado that leveled a poorly constructed home near [Bern, KS](/wiki/Bern%2C_KS \"Bern, KS\"). An EF2 tornado caused damage to farm structures near [Oakland, Iowa](/wiki/Oakland%2C_Iowa \"Oakland, Iowa\"), as well. The next day, the system produced seven additional weak tornadoes across the [Midwest](/wiki/Midwest \"Midwest\"), resulting in minor damage.\n### June 16–18\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|Aerial view of EF4 damage in Pilger, Nebraska.](/wiki/File:PilgerEF4Aerial.PNG \"PilgerEF4Aerial.PNG\")\n\nA significant tornado outbreak occurred across parts of the United States and Canada in mid\\-June 2014, with destructive tornadoes touching down across parts of [Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska \"Nebraska\"), [Wisconsin](/wiki/Wisconsin \"Wisconsin\"), [South Dakota](/wiki/South_Dakota \"South Dakota\"), [Montana](/wiki/Montana \"Montana\"), and [Ontario](/wiki/Ontario \"Ontario\"). The event began on June 16, when a cyclic supercell thunderstorm produced a violent EF4 tornado that devastated the small town of [Pilger, Nebraska](/wiki/Pilger%2C_Nebraska \"Pilger, Nebraska\"). A school, a church, and numerous homes were destroyed in Pilger, one person was killed, and 16 others were critically injured in town. An identical EF4 tornado paralleled the path of the main Pilger tornado and caused a fatality in a vehicle, caused major damage to farmsteads, and debarked many trees. The same parent supercell also produced two other large EF4 tornadoes that passed near the towns of [Stanton](/wiki/Stanton%2C_Nebraska \"Stanton, Nebraska\") and [Wakefield](/wiki/Wakefield%2C_Nebraska \"Wakefield, Nebraska\"), sweeping away multiple farm homes and lofting vehicles for hundreds of yards through the air. The town of [Platteville, Wisconsin](/wiki/Platteville%2C_Wisconsin \"Platteville, Wisconsin\") was hit by a damaging EF2 tornado later that evening, while an EF1 tornado also moved through another part of town simultaneously. Significant damage to homes, an apartment building, the [University of Wisconsin–Platteville](/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville \"University of Wisconsin–Platteville\") campus, a gas station, power lines, and many trees occurred throughout Platteville. Strong tornadoes continued touching down into the early morning hours of June 17, as an EF2 ripped roofs off of homes in residential areas of [Madison, Wisconsin](/wiki/Madison%2C_Wisconsin \"Madison, Wisconsin\"), while an EF3 severely damaged a school and multiple homes in [Verona](/wiki/Verona%2C_Nebraska \"Verona, Nebraska\"). Later that day, an EF3 tornado tossed several cars, obliterated a mobile home, and swept away a one\\-room schoolhouse in a rural area near the [Custer National Forest](/wiki/Custer_National_Forest \"Custer National Forest\") in Montana. A massive and slow\\-moving EF3 wedge tornado occurred near [Coleridge, Nebraska](/wiki/Coleridge%2C_Nebraska \"Coleridge, Nebraska\") as well, scouring farm fields, and destroying a few farmsteads and a dehydration plant. In Canada, an EF2 caused significant damage to homes in [Angus, Ontario](/wiki/Angus%2C_Ontario \"Angus, Ontario\") as well. On June 18, additional intense tornadoes occurred across parts of South Dakota, including a highly photogenic EF4 tornado that swept away a farmhouse and debarked trees as it passed near [Alpena](/wiki/Alpena%2C_South_Dakota \"Alpena, South Dakota\"). A high\\-end EF2 also hit the town of [Wessington Springs](/wiki/Wessington_Springs%2C_South_Dakota \"Wessington Springs, South Dakota\"), resulting in major damage. Two fatalities occurred as a result of this outbreak, which produced 76 tornadoes.\n### June 30–July 1\n\nEarly in the afternoon of June 30, a complex of thunderstorms developed over Iowa and evolved into a [derecho](/wiki/Derecho \"Derecho\") that swept east\\-northeast to Lake Michigan. Later that evening a second derecho developed over eastern and central Iowa and moved eastward, moving through Indiana and into western Ohio in the early morning hours of July 1\\. These two events produced straight\\-line wind damage and multiple tornadoes from Iowa to portions of Michigan and Ohio. Most of the tornadoes were rated EF1, however, one tornado was determined to have caused low\\-end EF2 damage to a home in [Traer, Iowa](/wiki/Traer%2C_Iowa \"Traer, Iowa\").\n### July 8\n\nOn July 8, a slight risk for severe weather was issued by the [Storm Prediction Center](/wiki/Storm_Prediction_Center \"Storm Prediction Center\") as a [cold front](/wiki/Cold_front \"Cold front\") progressed through the region.[Remembering the Smithfield, NY Madison County Tornado](https://www.globalweatherclimatecenter.com/weather-history-topics/remembering-the-smithfield-ny-madison-county-tornado), Global Weather \\& Climate Center, July 29, 2019 Later that day, a line of storms began progressing across [New York state](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"). By 5:00 p.m. EDT, rotation began to emerge, and tornadoes became possible throughout the state, with a [tornado warning](/wiki/Tornado_warning \"Tornado warning\") being issued for [Onondaga County](/wiki/Onondaga_County \"Onondaga County\"). The storm hit [Syracuse](/wiki/Syracuse%2C_New_York \"Syracuse, New York\") just after 6:00 p.m. EDT, as a [macroburst](/wiki/Macroburst \"Macroburst\") with winds. A [severe thunderstorm warning](/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm_warning \"Severe thunderstorm warning\") was issued for [Smithfield](/wiki/Smithfield%2C_New_York \"Smithfield, New York\") in neighboring [Madison County](/wiki/Madison_County%2C_New_York \"Madison County, New York\"); however, an EF2 tornado began at 7:02 p.m. EDT, lasting three minutes on the ground, less than the required time for a rotational scan. This contributed to the lack of a tornado warning for Smithfield.[Smithfield Tornado: Five Years Later](https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/central-ny/blog/2019/07/09/smithfield-tornado-weather-blog), Spectrum News 1, July 8, 2019 The tornado that struck Smithfield traveled down a hill at approximately , making it more difficult to see. It had an entire path length of .[Deadly tornado sprung up, killed four before forecasters could even see it](https://www.syracuse.com/news/2014/07/deadly_tornado_smithfield_new_york_weather_madison_county.html), Syracuse.com, July 13, 2014\n\nThe tornado, as it killed four people, officially became the second deadliest in New York history, behind an F1 tornado that killed nine people in [East Coldenham](/wiki/East_Coldenham%2C_New_York \"East Coldenham, New York\") on [November 16, 1989](/wiki/November_1989_tornado_outbreak%23Monroe%E2%80%93Coldenham%2C_New_York \"November 1989 tornado outbreak#Monroe–Coldenham, New York\").[Powerful Tornado in Upstate New York is State's Second\\-Deadliest](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/powerful-tornado-upstate-new-york-states-second-deadliest-n151861), NBC News, July 9, 2014 However, the status of the 1989 event as a tornado is disputed, with tornado experts [Thomas P. Grazulis](/wiki/Thomas_P._Grazulis \"Thomas P. Grazulis\") and [Ted Fujita](/wiki/Ted_Fujita \"Ted Fujita\") concluding that the event was a [downburst](/wiki/Downburst \"Downburst\"). Damage was relatively light in comparison, for such a death toll at only $600,000, due to the short time on the ground.[Storm Events Database](https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=520552), NOAA One house was thrown hundreds of feet into another house. In addition, over 40,000 people in Smithfield lost power. The tornado either heavily damaged or destroyed approximately ten homes and downed numerous trees. Then\\-governor [Andrew Cuomo](/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo \"Andrew Cuomo\") said that \"it looks like a literally a bomb went off in a house” and that the loss of life, especially of a four\\-month old baby, was unrepairable.[Storm Kills Four in New York State and Child at Maryland Camp](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/storm-kills-four-new-york-state-child-maryland-camp-n151396), NBC News, July 9, 2014\n\nThe Smithfield tornado was part of a small outbreak consisting of 14 tornadoes and causing $1\\.67 million in damage. Another EF2 tornado touched down in [New Albany](/wiki/New_Albany%2C_Pennsylvania \"New Albany, Pennsylvania\"), [Pennsylvania](/wiki/Pennsylvania \"Pennsylvania\").[National Weather Service Raw Text Product](http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSCTP&e=201407092220), Iowa State University, July 9, 2014 The system also spawned three EF1 tornadoes in [Ohio](/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\"), two EF1 tornadoes in [West Virginia](/wiki/West_Virginia \"West Virginia\"), two other EF1 tornadoes and an EF0 tornado in Pennsylvania, and three other EF1 tornadoes and another EF0 tornado in New York. In spite of these other tornadoes, no one else was injured by the outbreak. In Maryland, the same storm system caused 42,000 people to lose power, and at a church, it killed one child and injured eight more in a damaging wind event. The entire storm system caused $350 million in damage.[Aon Catastrophe Recap \\- July 2014](http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20140805_if_july_global_recap.pdf), Aon, August 2014\n### July 24\n\nAn EF1 tornado started as a waterspout on Chesapeake Bay and struck a campground in [Cherrystone, Virginia](/wiki/Cherrystone%2C_Virginia \"Cherrystone, Virginia\"), damaging and destroying campers and cabins. A strong thunderstorm wind killed a couple when a tree fell on their tent. Their son suffered life\\-threatening injuries and died on August 9\\. Thirty\\-five others were injured as well, 31 in the single fatal gust, that also caused $750,000 in damage.[Thunderstorm wind \\- Virginia](https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=537158), Storm Events Database, NOAA\n### July 27–28\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|200px\\|EF3 damage to a house in Speedwell, Tennessee.](/wiki/File:Speedwell2013.jpg \"Speedwell2013.jpg\")\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak occurred across the [Eastern United States](/wiki/Eastern_United_States \"Eastern United States\") from July 27 to July 28\\. On the 27th, the weather system produced a low\\-end EF3 tornado that struck the small community of [Speedwell, Tennessee](/wiki/Speedwell%2C_Tennessee \"Speedwell, Tennessee\"), where several homes were destroyed and numerous trees were downed. This tornado was unusual due to the fact that most strong tornadoes that occur in July are confined to the northernmost states. A few other weak tornadoes were confirmed in other areas that day as well. The system produced one additional tornado on the 28th, a damaging EF2 that ripped through the [Boston](/wiki/Boston \"Boston\") suburb of [Revere, Massachusetts](/wiki/Revere%2C_Massachusetts \"Revere, Massachusetts\"), severely damaging numerous homes and businesses in town and causing major tree damage in the area. That tornado caused $4 million in damage and was the first tornado ever in [Suffolk County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Suffolk_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Suffolk County, Massachusetts\").\n\n### September 9–10\n\nOver the course of two days, a storm system spawned twelve weak tornadoes between the lower [Missouri River Valley](/wiki/Missouri_River_Valley \"Missouri River Valley\") and Ohio Valley. The event started on the 9th, when a [supercell](/wiki/Supercell \"Supercell\") thunderstorm developed over far southeastern Nebraska. As the supercell moved into northwestern Missouri, it dropped four EF0 tornadoes from the late afternoon to early evening hours. Another EF0 was reported further east in Missouri that evening. On the 10th, four additional EF0 tornadoes were confirmed in northeastern Ohio.\n### October 13–15\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak occurred across the South, including 47 tornadoes. Most of these tornadoes were weak, though an EF2 tornado struck near the small community of [Ashdown, Arkansas](/wiki/Ashdown%2C_Arkansas \"Ashdown, Arkansas\"), tossing vehicles, injuring several people, and killing one when a mobile home was completely destroyed. Another EF2 tornado caused considerable damage in [West Monroe, Louisiana](/wiki/West_Monroe%2C_Louisiana \"West Monroe, Louisiana\"). Game 3 of the [2014 American League Championship Series](/wiki/2014_American_League_Championship_Series \"2014 American League Championship Series\") was postponed due to the severe weather in [Kansas City, Missouri](/wiki/Kansas_City%2C_Missouri \"Kansas City, Missouri\").[ALCS Game 3 postponed because of rain](https://apnews.com/alcs-game-3-postponed-because-of-rain-8e46c1da26b84f9fbeb34ecdcb6ac375), AP News, October 13, 2014\n### November 16–17\n\nA small severe weather outbreak took place across the Deep South during the overnight and morning hours, mainly across the Florida Panhandle and Southwest Georgia. An [EF2](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\") tornado tore through [Blountstown, Florida](/wiki/Blountstown%2C_Florida \"Blountstown, Florida\"), damaging a correctional institute as well as flipping vehicles and damaging buildings around the area. This tornado tracked 22 miles through Calhoun and Gadsden counties in Florida, making it the longest track of a tornado in the area since the [EF4](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\") [tornado that hit Enterprise, AL on March 1, 2007](/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_February_28_%E2%80%93_March_2%2C_2007%23Enterprise%2C_Alabama \"Tornado outbreak of February 28 – March 2, 2007#Enterprise, Alabama\"). The system also caused numerous tornado warnings to be issued across Southwest Georgia and Southeast Alabama, although there were no tornadoes in those areas. Other weak tornadoes hit [Grand Ridge, Florida](/wiki/Grand_Ridge%2C_Florida \"Grand Ridge, Florida\"), and Laird, Florida that morning. Damaging winds would also cause damage across [Jacksonville, Florida](/wiki/Jacksonville%2C_Florida \"Jacksonville, Florida\"), and adjacent areas of Northern and Central Florida that afternoon.\n\n### November 23\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak took place across the Deep South, particularly across portions of [Alabama](/wiki/Alabama \"Alabama\") and [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"). An EF0 tornado tore through [Forkland](/wiki/Forkland%2C_Alabama \"Forkland, Alabama\") in [Greene County, Alabama](/wiki/Greene_County%2C_Alabama \"Greene County, Alabama\"), snapping and uprooting trees along its path.\nA long track [tornado family](/wiki/Tornado_family \"Tornado family\") began in [Barbour County, Alabama](/wiki/Barbour_County%2C_Alabama \"Barbour County, Alabama\"), eventually producing tornadoes along [Stewart](/wiki/Stewart_County%2C_Georgia \"Stewart County, Georgia\"), [Chattahoochee](/wiki/Chattahoochee_County%2C_Georgia \"Chattahoochee County, Georgia\"), [Talbot](/wiki/Talbot_County%2C_Georgia \"Talbot County, Georgia\"), [Upson](/wiki/Upson_County%2C_Georgia \"Upson County, Georgia\"), [Lamar](/wiki/Lamar_County%2C_Georgia \"Lamar County, Georgia\"), [Butts](/wiki/Butts_County%2C_Georgia \"Butts County, Georgia\"), and [Newton](/wiki/Newton_County%2C_Georgia \"Newton County, Georgia\") counties in Georgia. Hundreds of trees near [Lakepoint Resort State Park](/wiki/Lakepoint_State_Park \"Lakepoint State Park\") were snapped. 6 tornadoes were produced by this [supercell](/wiki/Supercell \"Supercell\"), with its strongest member being rated an EF2 with winds of 130 mph. Other tornadoes impacted [Juliette, Georgia](/wiki/Juliette%2C_Georgia \"Juliette, Georgia\") (EF1\\), [Klondike](/wiki/Klondike%2C_Georgia \"Klondike, Georgia\") (EF1\\), and [Lumpkin, Georgia](/wiki/Lumpkin%2C_Georgia \"Lumpkin, Georgia\") (EF1\\). The storm system also caused major power outages across Western Georgia and Eastern Alabama.\n### December 12–15\n\nOn December 12, 2014, a small EF0 tornado hit South [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles \"Los Angeles\"), the first one to strike in the city in a decade, during [a powerful storm complex](/wiki/December_2014_North_American_storm_complex \"December 2014 North American storm complex\"). It damaged at least five homes, and cut the power to over 1,000 homes. After the winter storm moved inland, the system spawned five more EF0 tornadoes across the states of [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma \"Oklahoma\"), [Kansas](/wiki/Kansas \"Kansas\"), and [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi \"Mississippi\"), from December 14\\-15\\.\n\n### December 23–24\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|EF3 damage to a business in Columbia, Mississippi.](/wiki/File:2014ColumbiaMSEF3.jpg \"2014ColumbiaMSEF3.jpg\")\n\nA small but damaging outbreak of tornadoes occurred mainly across the Deep South on December 23 and 24, producing 10 tornadoes, killing five people, and leaving at least fifty others injured. It was the deadliest US tornado outbreak in the month of December [since 2010](/wiki/2010_New_Year%27s_Eve_tornado_outbreak \"2010 New Year's Eve tornado outbreak\"). On the 23rd, an EF2 tornado touched down to the east of [Amite, Louisiana](/wiki/Amite%2C_Louisiana \"Amite, Louisiana\"), damaging multiple homes, destroying two outbuildings and two travel trailers, and downing numerous trees. A large, rain\\-wrapped, EF3 wedge tornado struck [Columbia, Mississippi](/wiki/Columbia%2C_Mississippi \"Columbia, Mississippi\"), at around 2:30pm later that day. The tornado began to the southwest of Columbia, moving northeast and snapping numerous trees. As the tornado entered town and crossed Marion School Rd, two well\\-built but small brick homes were destroyed, one of which was almost entirely reduced to its concrete foundation slab, though a sofa and a pickup truck parked at the residence remained on the foundation. Damage in this area was rated very high\\-end EF3, with winds up to 165 mph. The tornado maintained its strength as it crossed [Mississippi Highway 13](/wiki/Mississippi_Highway_13 \"Mississippi Highway 13\"), heavily damaging several businesses and destroying homes. A brick house was reduced to a pile of rubble and a small wood\\-frame home was swept away nearby. Numerous trees were snapped and sheared off in this area as well. Further to the northeast, numerous metal\\-frame warehouse structures and storage units were destroyed as the tornado paralleled and eventually crossed [Highway 98](/wiki/Highway_98 \"Highway 98\") in southern Columbia. Continuing into the east side of town, a [National Guard](/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States \"National Guard of the United States\") armory sustained low\\-end EF3 damage. Numerous trees and were blown over onto homes in residential areas, a few of which sustained EF2 damage. Several power poles were snapped, and a strip mall, home health center, and a large industrial building were heavily damaged at EF2 intensity as well in this area. Several mobile homes were destroyed at a mobile home park before the tornado continued through rural areas northeast of town, snapping numerous trees and destroying an outbuilding at EF1 strength before dissipating. Three people were killed in Columbia and 20 others were injured. Another tornado passed to the northwest of [Laurel, Mississippi](/wiki/Laurel%2C_Mississippi \"Laurel, Mississippi\"), causing mainly minor tree and roof damage, though a small area of EF2 damage was noted as a small, unanchored wood\\-frame home was swept away and a nearby mobile home was completely destroyed, killing the two occupants. A few other weak tornadoes occurred across the Deep South that afternoon and evening. Three other weak tornadoes occurred the following day before the outbreak came to an end, including an EF1 that damaged 7 homes near [Bristol, Georgia](/wiki/Bristol%2C_Georgia \"Bristol, Georgia\"). Total estimated economic loss was at least $100 million, according to [Aon Benfield](/wiki/Aon_%28company%29 \"Aon (company)\").[Global Catastrophe Recap \\- December 2014](http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/documents/20150112_if_global_cat_recap_december.pdf), Aon, January 2015\n\n",
"### United States yearly total\n\n",
"### January 11\n\nA line of severe thunderstorms swept across the [Southern United States](/wiki/Southern_United_States \"Southern United States\"), with four EF0 tornadoes touching down in association with these thunderstorms. The first of these touched down in rural [Cherokee County, Georgia](/wiki/Cherokee_County%2C_Georgia \"Cherokee County, Georgia\"), downing trees and damaging a fence. The other three tornadoes occurred over southeastern [Virginia](/wiki/Virginia \"Virginia\"), downing trees and causing minimal damage to houses. However, one tornado in the [Fox Hill](/wiki/Fox_Hill%2C_Virginia \"Fox Hill, Virginia\") area caused roof damage to a church and numerous houses, ripped the roof off of a school maintenance compound, and destroyed the Fox Hill Athletic Association building.\n\n",
"### February 20–21\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|High\\-end EF2 damage to a house in Fort Payne, AL.](/wiki/File:FortPayne2014.jpg \"FortPayne2014.jpg\")\nA large [shortwave trough](/wiki/Shortwave_%28meteorology%29 \"Shortwave (meteorology)\") progressed across the northern Plains on February 20, with an associated surface low\\-pressure area contributing to a blizzard across Michigan and Wisconsin. Within the warm sector of the cyclone, modest instability and moisture, as well as sufficient forcing along a [cold front](/wiki/Cold_front \"Cold front\"), initiated the development of a [squall line](/wiki/Squall_line \"Squall line\") across the [Ohio River Valley](/wiki/Ohio_River \"Ohio River\") and [Mississippi River Valley](/wiki/Mississippi_River \"Mississippi River\") by the afternoon. Strong wind shear led to widespread damaging wind reports in addition to over two dozen tornadoes across the Midwestern and Southern United States, four of which were rated EF2 on the [Enhanced Fujita scale](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\"). The first two EF2s affected rural areas in [Illinois](/wiki/Illinois \"Illinois\") near the towns of [Martinsburg](/wiki/Martinsburg_Township%2C_Pike_County%2C_Illinois \"Martinsburg Township, Pike County, Illinois\") and [Pana](/wiki/Pana%2C_Illinois \"Pana, Illinois\"), damaging several farms.\n\nThe squall line continued to push eastward into the [Mid\\-Atlantic states](/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_states \"Mid-Atlantic states\") on February 21, leading to numerous damaging wind reports and several tornadoes from Georgia to Maryland. A brief but strong EF2 clipped the northeast side of [Fort Payne, Alabama](/wiki/Fort_Payne%2C_Alabama \"Fort Payne, Alabama\"), causing significant damage to a factory, an apartment complex, and some homes. Another EF2 struck [Dublin, Georgia](/wiki/Dublin%2C_Georgia \"Dublin, Georgia\"), and destroyed one home, damaged 59 others, and downed numerous trees. Overall, this moderate outbreak produced 43 tornadoes and no fatalities.\n\n",
"### March 25–29\n\nA low pressure system tracked across the United States, producing tornadoes across [California](/wiki/California \"California\"), [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"), and across southern portions of the [Eastern Seaboard](/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States \"East Coast of the United States\"). In Northern California, several brief tornadoes touched down, uprooting trees and causing minor damage. In Northern Missouri, a supercell thunderstorm produced a strong EF2 tornado, which caused heavy roof and wall damage to a farmstead near [Jameson, Missouri](/wiki/Jameson%2C_Missouri \"Jameson, Missouri\"). Another EF2 occurred in [Grundy County](/wiki/Grundy_County%2C_Missouri \"Grundy County, Missouri\") which heavily damaged several residences near [Tindall](/wiki/Tindall%2C_Missouri \"Tindall, Missouri\"). The storm system continued east over the next few days, producing several weak and short\\-lived tornadoes in [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") and [North Carolina](/wiki/North_Carolina \"North Carolina\").\n\n",
"### April 6–7\n\nSevere thunderstorms moved across portions of the Southern United States, producing at least eight confirmed tornadoes. An EF2 tornado destroyed mobile homes and damaged other structures in and around [Hot Coffee, Mississippi](/wiki/Hot_Coffee%2C_Mississippi \"Hot Coffee, Mississippi\"). Another EF2 tornado caused significant damage in the area of [Pantego, North Carolina](/wiki/Pantego%2C_North_Carolina \"Pantego, North Carolina\"), where homes were damaged and destroyed. Two people were injured when the truck they were in was thrown .\n\n",
"### April 25\n\nIn advance of a compact shortwave trough and associated cold front, numerous severe thunderstorms developed across central and eastern North Carolina into southern Virginia. An EF3 tornado tracked near [Washington, North Carolina](/wiki/Washington%2C_North_Carolina \"Washington, North Carolina\"), through the Whichards Beach area, across the Pamlico River from Washington, then crossing the Pamlico River and hitting Washington Park, then hitting the intersection of US 264 and NC 32, then leaving the area, damaging or destroying 200 homes and injuring 16 people. This event marks the latest time of formation of the first EF3\\+ tornado in any year on record. An EF2 in [Edenton](/wiki/Edenton%2C_North_Carolina \"Edenton, North Carolina\") resulted in a fatality, the first of the year in the United States.\n\n",
"### April 27–30\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|Extreme EF4\\-level tree damage near Louisville, Mississippi.](/wiki/File:LouisvilleEF42014.JPG \"LouisvilleEF42014.JPG\")\n\nA devastating outbreak of tornadoes ripped across parts of [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi \"Mississippi\"), [Alabama](/wiki/Alabama \"Alabama\"), [Tennessee](/wiki/Tennessee \"Tennessee\"), [Iowa](/wiki/Iowa \"Iowa\"), [Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska \"Nebraska\"), [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri \"Missouri\"), [Kansas](/wiki/Kansas \"Kansas\"), [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma \"Oklahoma\"), [Arkansas](/wiki/Arkansas \"Arkansas\") and [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") in late April 2014\\. The event began on April 27, as multiple intense tornadoes touched down across parts of the Midwest, Ozarks, and Great Plains. A strong EF2 tornado struck [Quapaw, Oklahoma](/wiki/Quapaw%2C_Oklahoma \"Quapaw, Oklahoma\") and [Baxter Springs, Kansas](/wiki/Baxter_Springs%2C_Kansas \"Baxter Springs, Kansas\"), resulting in one fatality, 37 injuries, and severe damage in both towns. An EF1 tornado destroyed multiple outbuildings, killing two people as it passed near [Martinsburg, Iowa](/wiki/Martinsburg%2C_Iowa \"Martinsburg, Iowa\"). A large, violent wedge tornado struck [Mayflower](/wiki/Mayflower%2C_Arkansas \"Mayflower, Arkansas\") and [Vilonia, Arkansas](/wiki/Vilonia%2C_Arkansas \"Vilonia, Arkansas\") later that evening, causing catastrophic damage and killing 16 people as numerous homes and businesses were obliterated, some of which were swept completely away. Trees were completely denuded and debarked, vehicles were thrown and mangled beyond recognition by the tornado, which was rated a high\\-end EF4, the first violent tornado of the year. Destructive tornadoes continued to touch down on April 28, and 10 people were killed when an EF4 tornado struck [Louisville, Mississippi](/wiki/Louisville%2C_Mississippi \"Louisville, Mississippi\"), where many homes, apartment buildings, and businesses were completely destroyed, some of which were leveled or swept away. An EF3 tornado caused one fatality and major damage to many structures in [Tupelo, Mississippi](/wiki/Tupelo%2C_Mississippi \"Tupelo, Mississippi\") as well, and another EF3 struck [Coxey, Alabama](/wiki/Coxey%2C_Alabama \"Coxey, Alabama\"), destroying a mobile home park and killing two people. Numerous other strong tornadoes occurred in rural areas of the Deep South later that night and into the early morning hours of April 29\\. Additional weak tornadoes touched down in [The Carolinas](/wiki/The_Carolinas \"The Carolinas\") and [Florida](/wiki/Florida \"Florida\") on April 29 and 30 before the outbreak came to an end. 82 tornadoes were confirmed as a result of this outbreak, which resulted in 35 fatalities.\n\nIn addition to the tornado outbreak, a lone EF0 tornado occurred in [Pierce County, Washington](/wiki/Pierce_County%2C_Washington \"Pierce County, Washington\") on April 27, causing minor damage.\n\n",
"### May 10–12\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|Farmhouse that was leveled by a large EF3 tornado near Sutton, NE.](/wiki/File:SuttonEF32014.jpg \"SuttonEF32014.jpg\")\nA moderate outbreak of 44 tornadoes impacted the central United States in early May 2014\\. On May 10, numerous supercell thunderstorms developed across Missouri in advance of an intensifying upper\\-level low over the [Great Basin](/wiki/Great_Basin \"Great Basin\"). One supercell spawned a damaging EF2 tornado that moved through downtown [Orrick, Missouri](/wiki/Orrick%2C_Missouri \"Orrick, Missouri\"), causing significant damage but no fatalities. 80% of the structures in Orrick were damaged, and the school sustained major damage and lost much of its roof. On May 11, the upper\\-level low continued eastward into the Plains, providing ample wind shear for tornadoes; in preparation for the event, the Storm Prediction Center issued a Moderate risk for severe weather. Numerous thunderstorms developed across the Midwest – particularly Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa – spawning many tornadoes. A large multiple\\-vortex EF3 tornado passed near the town of [Sutton, Nebraska](/wiki/Sutton%2C_Nebraska \"Sutton, Nebraska\"), causing considerable damage to farm properties and flattening an unanchored farmhouse. Powerful [rear flank downdraft](/wiki/Rear_flank_downdraft \"Rear flank downdraft\") winds spawned by the parent supercell severely damaged downtown Sutton. Another very large rain\\-wrapped EF3 wedge tornado passed near the town of [Cordova, Nebraska](/wiki/Cordova%2C_Nebraska \"Cordova, Nebraska\"), destroying multiple homes nearby, spawning multiple satellite tornadoes, and growing to well over a mile wide at times. The Cordova tornado eventually struck the town of [Beaver Crossing](/wiki/Beaver_Crossing%2C_Nebraska \"Beaver Crossing, Nebraska\") before dissipating, damaging virtually every structure in town, with a few destroyed. Two separate tornadoes; rated EF2 and EF1, also caused severe damage near the town of [Raymond](/wiki/Raymond%2C_Nebraska \"Raymond, Nebraska\"). Numerous other less significant tornadoes touched down in Nebraska and other states that evening as well. Later that night, an EF2 tornado largely destroyed a lakeside condominium building near [Yale, Iowa](/wiki/Yale%2C_Iowa \"Yale, Iowa\"). Two weak EF0 tornadoes touched down in northern [Ohio](/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\") on May 12 before the outbreak came to an end.\n\n",
"### May 14–16\n\nSevere thunderstorms moved across portions of the eastern United States with multiple reports of tornadoes. Two significant tornadoes touched down on May 14\\. The first, rated EF2, damaged several homes and destroyed two barns northeast of [Hopkinsville, Kentucky](/wiki/Hopkinsville%2C_Kentucky \"Hopkinsville, Kentucky\"). An EF3 tornado caused substantial damage near [Cedarville, Ohio](/wiki/Cedarville%2C_Ohio \"Cedarville, Ohio\"), destroying several barns and a farmhouse.\n\n",
"### May 22\n\nAn EF3 tornado moved across portions of [Schenectady](/wiki/Schenectady_County%2C_New_York \"Schenectady County, New York\") and [Albany](/wiki/Albany_County%2C_New_York \"Albany County, New York\") counties in New York. The worst damage occurred in [Duanesburg](/wiki/Duanesburg%2C_New_York \"Duanesburg, New York\"), where one house was almost completely destroyed. This marks the strongest tornado in the state of New York since May 31, 1998\\. Another tornado, rated EF1, touched down near [Marydel, Delaware](/wiki/Marydel%2C_Delaware \"Marydel, Delaware\").\n\n",
"### June 3–4\n\nOn June 3, the [Storm Prediction Center](/wiki/Storm_Prediction_Center \"Storm Prediction Center\") issued a high risk outlook for parts of the [Great Plains](/wiki/Great_Plains \"Great Plains\"), mainly due to a significant risk of damaging winds and large hail. A few tornadoes occurred as well, including an EF3 tornado that leveled a poorly constructed home near [Bern, KS](/wiki/Bern%2C_KS \"Bern, KS\"). An EF2 tornado caused damage to farm structures near [Oakland, Iowa](/wiki/Oakland%2C_Iowa \"Oakland, Iowa\"), as well. The next day, the system produced seven additional weak tornadoes across the [Midwest](/wiki/Midwest \"Midwest\"), resulting in minor damage.\n\n",
"### June 16–18\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|Aerial view of EF4 damage in Pilger, Nebraska.](/wiki/File:PilgerEF4Aerial.PNG \"PilgerEF4Aerial.PNG\")\n\nA significant tornado outbreak occurred across parts of the United States and Canada in mid\\-June 2014, with destructive tornadoes touching down across parts of [Nebraska](/wiki/Nebraska \"Nebraska\"), [Wisconsin](/wiki/Wisconsin \"Wisconsin\"), [South Dakota](/wiki/South_Dakota \"South Dakota\"), [Montana](/wiki/Montana \"Montana\"), and [Ontario](/wiki/Ontario \"Ontario\"). The event began on June 16, when a cyclic supercell thunderstorm produced a violent EF4 tornado that devastated the small town of [Pilger, Nebraska](/wiki/Pilger%2C_Nebraska \"Pilger, Nebraska\"). A school, a church, and numerous homes were destroyed in Pilger, one person was killed, and 16 others were critically injured in town. An identical EF4 tornado paralleled the path of the main Pilger tornado and caused a fatality in a vehicle, caused major damage to farmsteads, and debarked many trees. The same parent supercell also produced two other large EF4 tornadoes that passed near the towns of [Stanton](/wiki/Stanton%2C_Nebraska \"Stanton, Nebraska\") and [Wakefield](/wiki/Wakefield%2C_Nebraska \"Wakefield, Nebraska\"), sweeping away multiple farm homes and lofting vehicles for hundreds of yards through the air. The town of [Platteville, Wisconsin](/wiki/Platteville%2C_Wisconsin \"Platteville, Wisconsin\") was hit by a damaging EF2 tornado later that evening, while an EF1 tornado also moved through another part of town simultaneously. Significant damage to homes, an apartment building, the [University of Wisconsin–Platteville](/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Platteville \"University of Wisconsin–Platteville\") campus, a gas station, power lines, and many trees occurred throughout Platteville. Strong tornadoes continued touching down into the early morning hours of June 17, as an EF2 ripped roofs off of homes in residential areas of [Madison, Wisconsin](/wiki/Madison%2C_Wisconsin \"Madison, Wisconsin\"), while an EF3 severely damaged a school and multiple homes in [Verona](/wiki/Verona%2C_Nebraska \"Verona, Nebraska\"). Later that day, an EF3 tornado tossed several cars, obliterated a mobile home, and swept away a one\\-room schoolhouse in a rural area near the [Custer National Forest](/wiki/Custer_National_Forest \"Custer National Forest\") in Montana. A massive and slow\\-moving EF3 wedge tornado occurred near [Coleridge, Nebraska](/wiki/Coleridge%2C_Nebraska \"Coleridge, Nebraska\") as well, scouring farm fields, and destroying a few farmsteads and a dehydration plant. In Canada, an EF2 caused significant damage to homes in [Angus, Ontario](/wiki/Angus%2C_Ontario \"Angus, Ontario\") as well. On June 18, additional intense tornadoes occurred across parts of South Dakota, including a highly photogenic EF4 tornado that swept away a farmhouse and debarked trees as it passed near [Alpena](/wiki/Alpena%2C_South_Dakota \"Alpena, South Dakota\"). A high\\-end EF2 also hit the town of [Wessington Springs](/wiki/Wessington_Springs%2C_South_Dakota \"Wessington Springs, South Dakota\"), resulting in major damage. Two fatalities occurred as a result of this outbreak, which produced 76 tornadoes.\n\n",
"### June 30–July 1\n\nEarly in the afternoon of June 30, a complex of thunderstorms developed over Iowa and evolved into a [derecho](/wiki/Derecho \"Derecho\") that swept east\\-northeast to Lake Michigan. Later that evening a second derecho developed over eastern and central Iowa and moved eastward, moving through Indiana and into western Ohio in the early morning hours of July 1\\. These two events produced straight\\-line wind damage and multiple tornadoes from Iowa to portions of Michigan and Ohio. Most of the tornadoes were rated EF1, however, one tornado was determined to have caused low\\-end EF2 damage to a home in [Traer, Iowa](/wiki/Traer%2C_Iowa \"Traer, Iowa\").\n\n",
"### July 8\n\nOn July 8, a slight risk for severe weather was issued by the [Storm Prediction Center](/wiki/Storm_Prediction_Center \"Storm Prediction Center\") as a [cold front](/wiki/Cold_front \"Cold front\") progressed through the region.[Remembering the Smithfield, NY Madison County Tornado](https://www.globalweatherclimatecenter.com/weather-history-topics/remembering-the-smithfield-ny-madison-county-tornado), Global Weather \\& Climate Center, July 29, 2019 Later that day, a line of storms began progressing across [New York state](/wiki/New_York_%28state%29 \"New York (state)\"). By 5:00 p.m. EDT, rotation began to emerge, and tornadoes became possible throughout the state, with a [tornado warning](/wiki/Tornado_warning \"Tornado warning\") being issued for [Onondaga County](/wiki/Onondaga_County \"Onondaga County\"). The storm hit [Syracuse](/wiki/Syracuse%2C_New_York \"Syracuse, New York\") just after 6:00 p.m. EDT, as a [macroburst](/wiki/Macroburst \"Macroburst\") with winds. A [severe thunderstorm warning](/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm_warning \"Severe thunderstorm warning\") was issued for [Smithfield](/wiki/Smithfield%2C_New_York \"Smithfield, New York\") in neighboring [Madison County](/wiki/Madison_County%2C_New_York \"Madison County, New York\"); however, an EF2 tornado began at 7:02 p.m. EDT, lasting three minutes on the ground, less than the required time for a rotational scan. This contributed to the lack of a tornado warning for Smithfield.[Smithfield Tornado: Five Years Later](https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/central-ny/blog/2019/07/09/smithfield-tornado-weather-blog), Spectrum News 1, July 8, 2019 The tornado that struck Smithfield traveled down a hill at approximately , making it more difficult to see. It had an entire path length of .[Deadly tornado sprung up, killed four before forecasters could even see it](https://www.syracuse.com/news/2014/07/deadly_tornado_smithfield_new_york_weather_madison_county.html), Syracuse.com, July 13, 2014\n\nThe tornado, as it killed four people, officially became the second deadliest in New York history, behind an F1 tornado that killed nine people in [East Coldenham](/wiki/East_Coldenham%2C_New_York \"East Coldenham, New York\") on [November 16, 1989](/wiki/November_1989_tornado_outbreak%23Monroe%E2%80%93Coldenham%2C_New_York \"November 1989 tornado outbreak#Monroe–Coldenham, New York\").[Powerful Tornado in Upstate New York is State's Second\\-Deadliest](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/powerful-tornado-upstate-new-york-states-second-deadliest-n151861), NBC News, July 9, 2014 However, the status of the 1989 event as a tornado is disputed, with tornado experts [Thomas P. Grazulis](/wiki/Thomas_P._Grazulis \"Thomas P. Grazulis\") and [Ted Fujita](/wiki/Ted_Fujita \"Ted Fujita\") concluding that the event was a [downburst](/wiki/Downburst \"Downburst\"). Damage was relatively light in comparison, for such a death toll at only $600,000, due to the short time on the ground.[Storm Events Database](https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=520552), NOAA One house was thrown hundreds of feet into another house. In addition, over 40,000 people in Smithfield lost power. The tornado either heavily damaged or destroyed approximately ten homes and downed numerous trees. Then\\-governor [Andrew Cuomo](/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo \"Andrew Cuomo\") said that \"it looks like a literally a bomb went off in a house” and that the loss of life, especially of a four\\-month old baby, was unrepairable.[Storm Kills Four in New York State and Child at Maryland Camp](https://www.nbcnews.com/news/weather/storm-kills-four-new-york-state-child-maryland-camp-n151396), NBC News, July 9, 2014\n\nThe Smithfield tornado was part of a small outbreak consisting of 14 tornadoes and causing $1\\.67 million in damage. Another EF2 tornado touched down in [New Albany](/wiki/New_Albany%2C_Pennsylvania \"New Albany, Pennsylvania\"), [Pennsylvania](/wiki/Pennsylvania \"Pennsylvania\").[National Weather Service Raw Text Product](http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSCTP&e=201407092220), Iowa State University, July 9, 2014 The system also spawned three EF1 tornadoes in [Ohio](/wiki/Ohio \"Ohio\"), two EF1 tornadoes in [West Virginia](/wiki/West_Virginia \"West Virginia\"), two other EF1 tornadoes and an EF0 tornado in Pennsylvania, and three other EF1 tornadoes and another EF0 tornado in New York. In spite of these other tornadoes, no one else was injured by the outbreak. In Maryland, the same storm system caused 42,000 people to lose power, and at a church, it killed one child and injured eight more in a damaging wind event. The entire storm system caused $350 million in damage.[Aon Catastrophe Recap \\- July 2014](http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20140805_if_july_global_recap.pdf), Aon, August 2014\n\n",
"### July 24\n\nAn EF1 tornado started as a waterspout on Chesapeake Bay and struck a campground in [Cherrystone, Virginia](/wiki/Cherrystone%2C_Virginia \"Cherrystone, Virginia\"), damaging and destroying campers and cabins. A strong thunderstorm wind killed a couple when a tree fell on their tent. Their son suffered life\\-threatening injuries and died on August 9\\. Thirty\\-five others were injured as well, 31 in the single fatal gust, that also caused $750,000 in damage.[Thunderstorm wind \\- Virginia](https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=537158), Storm Events Database, NOAA\n\n",
"### July 27–28\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|200px\\|EF3 damage to a house in Speedwell, Tennessee.](/wiki/File:Speedwell2013.jpg \"Speedwell2013.jpg\")\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak occurred across the [Eastern United States](/wiki/Eastern_United_States \"Eastern United States\") from July 27 to July 28\\. On the 27th, the weather system produced a low\\-end EF3 tornado that struck the small community of [Speedwell, Tennessee](/wiki/Speedwell%2C_Tennessee \"Speedwell, Tennessee\"), where several homes were destroyed and numerous trees were downed. This tornado was unusual due to the fact that most strong tornadoes that occur in July are confined to the northernmost states. A few other weak tornadoes were confirmed in other areas that day as well. The system produced one additional tornado on the 28th, a damaging EF2 that ripped through the [Boston](/wiki/Boston \"Boston\") suburb of [Revere, Massachusetts](/wiki/Revere%2C_Massachusetts \"Revere, Massachusetts\"), severely damaging numerous homes and businesses in town and causing major tree damage in the area. That tornado caused $4 million in damage and was the first tornado ever in [Suffolk County, Massachusetts](/wiki/Suffolk_County%2C_Massachusetts \"Suffolk County, Massachusetts\").\n\n",
"### September 9–10\n\nOver the course of two days, a storm system spawned twelve weak tornadoes between the lower [Missouri River Valley](/wiki/Missouri_River_Valley \"Missouri River Valley\") and Ohio Valley. The event started on the 9th, when a [supercell](/wiki/Supercell \"Supercell\") thunderstorm developed over far southeastern Nebraska. As the supercell moved into northwestern Missouri, it dropped four EF0 tornadoes from the late afternoon to early evening hours. Another EF0 was reported further east in Missouri that evening. On the 10th, four additional EF0 tornadoes were confirmed in northeastern Ohio.\n\n",
"### October 13–15\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak occurred across the South, including 47 tornadoes. Most of these tornadoes were weak, though an EF2 tornado struck near the small community of [Ashdown, Arkansas](/wiki/Ashdown%2C_Arkansas \"Ashdown, Arkansas\"), tossing vehicles, injuring several people, and killing one when a mobile home was completely destroyed. Another EF2 tornado caused considerable damage in [West Monroe, Louisiana](/wiki/West_Monroe%2C_Louisiana \"West Monroe, Louisiana\"). Game 3 of the [2014 American League Championship Series](/wiki/2014_American_League_Championship_Series \"2014 American League Championship Series\") was postponed due to the severe weather in [Kansas City, Missouri](/wiki/Kansas_City%2C_Missouri \"Kansas City, Missouri\").[ALCS Game 3 postponed because of rain](https://apnews.com/alcs-game-3-postponed-because-of-rain-8e46c1da26b84f9fbeb34ecdcb6ac375), AP News, October 13, 2014\n\n",
"### November 16–17\n\nA small severe weather outbreak took place across the Deep South during the overnight and morning hours, mainly across the Florida Panhandle and Southwest Georgia. An [EF2](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\") tornado tore through [Blountstown, Florida](/wiki/Blountstown%2C_Florida \"Blountstown, Florida\"), damaging a correctional institute as well as flipping vehicles and damaging buildings around the area. This tornado tracked 22 miles through Calhoun and Gadsden counties in Florida, making it the longest track of a tornado in the area since the [EF4](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\") [tornado that hit Enterprise, AL on March 1, 2007](/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_February_28_%E2%80%93_March_2%2C_2007%23Enterprise%2C_Alabama \"Tornado outbreak of February 28 – March 2, 2007#Enterprise, Alabama\"). The system also caused numerous tornado warnings to be issued across Southwest Georgia and Southeast Alabama, although there were no tornadoes in those areas. Other weak tornadoes hit [Grand Ridge, Florida](/wiki/Grand_Ridge%2C_Florida \"Grand Ridge, Florida\"), and Laird, Florida that morning. Damaging winds would also cause damage across [Jacksonville, Florida](/wiki/Jacksonville%2C_Florida \"Jacksonville, Florida\"), and adjacent areas of Northern and Central Florida that afternoon.\n\n",
"### November 23\n\nA moderate severe weather outbreak took place across the Deep South, particularly across portions of [Alabama](/wiki/Alabama \"Alabama\") and [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Georgia (U.S. state)\"). An EF0 tornado tore through [Forkland](/wiki/Forkland%2C_Alabama \"Forkland, Alabama\") in [Greene County, Alabama](/wiki/Greene_County%2C_Alabama \"Greene County, Alabama\"), snapping and uprooting trees along its path.\nA long track [tornado family](/wiki/Tornado_family \"Tornado family\") began in [Barbour County, Alabama](/wiki/Barbour_County%2C_Alabama \"Barbour County, Alabama\"), eventually producing tornadoes along [Stewart](/wiki/Stewart_County%2C_Georgia \"Stewart County, Georgia\"), [Chattahoochee](/wiki/Chattahoochee_County%2C_Georgia \"Chattahoochee County, Georgia\"), [Talbot](/wiki/Talbot_County%2C_Georgia \"Talbot County, Georgia\"), [Upson](/wiki/Upson_County%2C_Georgia \"Upson County, Georgia\"), [Lamar](/wiki/Lamar_County%2C_Georgia \"Lamar County, Georgia\"), [Butts](/wiki/Butts_County%2C_Georgia \"Butts County, Georgia\"), and [Newton](/wiki/Newton_County%2C_Georgia \"Newton County, Georgia\") counties in Georgia. Hundreds of trees near [Lakepoint Resort State Park](/wiki/Lakepoint_State_Park \"Lakepoint State Park\") were snapped. 6 tornadoes were produced by this [supercell](/wiki/Supercell \"Supercell\"), with its strongest member being rated an EF2 with winds of 130 mph. Other tornadoes impacted [Juliette, Georgia](/wiki/Juliette%2C_Georgia \"Juliette, Georgia\") (EF1\\), [Klondike](/wiki/Klondike%2C_Georgia \"Klondike, Georgia\") (EF1\\), and [Lumpkin, Georgia](/wiki/Lumpkin%2C_Georgia \"Lumpkin, Georgia\") (EF1\\). The storm system also caused major power outages across Western Georgia and Eastern Alabama.\n\n",
"### December 12–15\n\nOn December 12, 2014, a small EF0 tornado hit South [Los Angeles](/wiki/Los_Angeles \"Los Angeles\"), the first one to strike in the city in a decade, during [a powerful storm complex](/wiki/December_2014_North_American_storm_complex \"December 2014 North American storm complex\"). It damaged at least five homes, and cut the power to over 1,000 homes. After the winter storm moved inland, the system spawned five more EF0 tornadoes across the states of [Oklahoma](/wiki/Oklahoma \"Oklahoma\"), [Kansas](/wiki/Kansas \"Kansas\"), and [Mississippi](/wiki/Mississippi \"Mississippi\"), from December 14\\-15\\.\n\n",
"### December 23–24\n\n[thumb\\|left\\|255px\\|EF3 damage to a business in Columbia, Mississippi.](/wiki/File:2014ColumbiaMSEF3.jpg \"2014ColumbiaMSEF3.jpg\")\n\nA small but damaging outbreak of tornadoes occurred mainly across the Deep South on December 23 and 24, producing 10 tornadoes, killing five people, and leaving at least fifty others injured. It was the deadliest US tornado outbreak in the month of December [since 2010](/wiki/2010_New_Year%27s_Eve_tornado_outbreak \"2010 New Year's Eve tornado outbreak\"). On the 23rd, an EF2 tornado touched down to the east of [Amite, Louisiana](/wiki/Amite%2C_Louisiana \"Amite, Louisiana\"), damaging multiple homes, destroying two outbuildings and two travel trailers, and downing numerous trees. A large, rain\\-wrapped, EF3 wedge tornado struck [Columbia, Mississippi](/wiki/Columbia%2C_Mississippi \"Columbia, Mississippi\"), at around 2:30pm later that day. The tornado began to the southwest of Columbia, moving northeast and snapping numerous trees. As the tornado entered town and crossed Marion School Rd, two well\\-built but small brick homes were destroyed, one of which was almost entirely reduced to its concrete foundation slab, though a sofa and a pickup truck parked at the residence remained on the foundation. Damage in this area was rated very high\\-end EF3, with winds up to 165 mph. The tornado maintained its strength as it crossed [Mississippi Highway 13](/wiki/Mississippi_Highway_13 \"Mississippi Highway 13\"), heavily damaging several businesses and destroying homes. A brick house was reduced to a pile of rubble and a small wood\\-frame home was swept away nearby. Numerous trees were snapped and sheared off in this area as well. Further to the northeast, numerous metal\\-frame warehouse structures and storage units were destroyed as the tornado paralleled and eventually crossed [Highway 98](/wiki/Highway_98 \"Highway 98\") in southern Columbia. Continuing into the east side of town, a [National Guard](/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States \"National Guard of the United States\") armory sustained low\\-end EF3 damage. Numerous trees and were blown over onto homes in residential areas, a few of which sustained EF2 damage. Several power poles were snapped, and a strip mall, home health center, and a large industrial building were heavily damaged at EF2 intensity as well in this area. Several mobile homes were destroyed at a mobile home park before the tornado continued through rural areas northeast of town, snapping numerous trees and destroying an outbuilding at EF1 strength before dissipating. Three people were killed in Columbia and 20 others were injured. Another tornado passed to the northwest of [Laurel, Mississippi](/wiki/Laurel%2C_Mississippi \"Laurel, Mississippi\"), causing mainly minor tree and roof damage, though a small area of EF2 damage was noted as a small, unanchored wood\\-frame home was swept away and a nearby mobile home was completely destroyed, killing the two occupants. A few other weak tornadoes occurred across the Deep South that afternoon and evening. Three other weak tornadoes occurred the following day before the outbreak came to an end, including an EF1 that damaged 7 homes near [Bristol, Georgia](/wiki/Bristol%2C_Georgia \"Bristol, Georgia\"). Total estimated economic loss was at least $100 million, according to [Aon Benfield](/wiki/Aon_%28company%29 \"Aon (company)\").[Global Catastrophe Recap \\- December 2014](http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/documents/20150112_if_global_cat_recap_december.pdf), Aon, January 2015\n\n",
"Europe\n------\n\n### January 25 (Europe)\n\nAn outbreak of mostly weak tornadoes affected Europe on January 25, with the event beginning in the [United Kingdom](/wiki/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\"). The first tornado touched down near the village of [Llangwyryfon](/wiki/Llangwyryfon \"Llangwyryfon\") in [Wales](/wiki/Wales \"Wales\"), downing trees, tossing a cattle feeder, and earning an F1(T2\\) rating. Another F1 tornado struck the [Ordsall](/wiki/Ordsall%2C_Greater_Manchester \"Ordsall, Greater Manchester\") area of [Manchester, England](/wiki/Manchester%2C_England \"Manchester, England\"), where 50 homes sustained damage to their roofs, chimneys, and TV antennas. Lamps posts and trees were also downed by the tornado. A tornado also caused F1 damage to sheds near [Upper Wield](/wiki/Upper_Wield \"Upper Wield\"), while another F1 struck [Nuneaton](/wiki/Nuneaton \"Nuneaton\"), where roughly 30 homes had roof tiles and garage roofs blown off, and five of these homes were heavily damaged. Three other F1 tornadoes also occurred in and around [Chobham](/wiki/Chobham \"Chobham\"), [Acton](/wiki/Acton%2C_England \"Acton, England\"), and [Harlow, England](/wiki/Harlow%2C_England \"Harlow, England\"), causing damage to roofs and trees. In [Turkey](/wiki/Turkey \"Turkey\"), an F1 tornado also hit [Avsallar](/wiki/Avsallar \"Avsallar\") and caused roof damage to multiple homes, a few of which sustained partial roof loss. Additional tornadoes touched down across parts of [France](/wiki/France \"France\") later that day, the strongest of which was an F2(T4\\) that was on the ground for 12\\.8 km and caused considerable damage in the town of [Halluin](/wiki/Halluin \"Halluin\"), injuring three people. A shopping center and 90 homes were damaged by the Halluin tornado. A few other weak F1 tornadoes were also confirmed, including one that damaged the roofs of homes in [Isbergues](/wiki/Isbergues \"Isbergues\"), and another that hit the village of [Aubencheul\\-aux\\-Bois](/wiki/Aubencheul-aux-Bois \"Aubencheul-aux-Bois\"), damaging trees, homes, signs, and an embroidery workshop. A tornado caused F1 damage in the [Wingene](/wiki/Wingene \"Wingene\"), Belgium area as well, and 11 tornadoes were confirmed as a result of this outbreak.\n### August 29–30 (Europe)\n\nTwo tornadoes were confirmed in western [Russia](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\") on the evening of August 29, including a large F3 tornado that struck the small village of [Kariyevo](/wiki/Kariyevo \"Kariyevo\") in the Russian Republic of [Bashkortostan](/wiki/Bashkortostan \"Bashkortostan\"). Numerous homes and farm structures were heavily damaged or destroyed, vehicles were flipped and tossed, and trees were snapped throughout the town. Two people were killed and at least 50 others were injured. The tornado was caught on video from multiple angles by several vehicle [dashcams](/wiki/Dashcams \"Dashcams\") in Kariyevo. A brief F0 also touched down near [Velikiy Novgorod](/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod \"Velikiy Novgorod\"), causing no damage. In [Estonia](/wiki/Estonia \"Estonia\"), another weak F0 tornado occurred near [Äksi](/wiki/%C3%84ksi \"Äksi\"), also causing no damage. On August 30, an F1 tornado occurred in [Germany](/wiki/Germany \"Germany\"), causing minor damage in the [Butjadingen](/wiki/Butjadingen \"Butjadingen\") Peninsula community of [Eckwarderhörne](/wiki/Eckwarderh%C3%B6rne \"Eckwarderhörne\").\n\n",
"### January 25 (Europe)\n\nAn outbreak of mostly weak tornadoes affected Europe on January 25, with the event beginning in the [United Kingdom](/wiki/United_Kingdom \"United Kingdom\"). The first tornado touched down near the village of [Llangwyryfon](/wiki/Llangwyryfon \"Llangwyryfon\") in [Wales](/wiki/Wales \"Wales\"), downing trees, tossing a cattle feeder, and earning an F1(T2\\) rating. Another F1 tornado struck the [Ordsall](/wiki/Ordsall%2C_Greater_Manchester \"Ordsall, Greater Manchester\") area of [Manchester, England](/wiki/Manchester%2C_England \"Manchester, England\"), where 50 homes sustained damage to their roofs, chimneys, and TV antennas. Lamps posts and trees were also downed by the tornado. A tornado also caused F1 damage to sheds near [Upper Wield](/wiki/Upper_Wield \"Upper Wield\"), while another F1 struck [Nuneaton](/wiki/Nuneaton \"Nuneaton\"), where roughly 30 homes had roof tiles and garage roofs blown off, and five of these homes were heavily damaged. Three other F1 tornadoes also occurred in and around [Chobham](/wiki/Chobham \"Chobham\"), [Acton](/wiki/Acton%2C_England \"Acton, England\"), and [Harlow, England](/wiki/Harlow%2C_England \"Harlow, England\"), causing damage to roofs and trees. In [Turkey](/wiki/Turkey \"Turkey\"), an F1 tornado also hit [Avsallar](/wiki/Avsallar \"Avsallar\") and caused roof damage to multiple homes, a few of which sustained partial roof loss. Additional tornadoes touched down across parts of [France](/wiki/France \"France\") later that day, the strongest of which was an F2(T4\\) that was on the ground for 12\\.8 km and caused considerable damage in the town of [Halluin](/wiki/Halluin \"Halluin\"), injuring three people. A shopping center and 90 homes were damaged by the Halluin tornado. A few other weak F1 tornadoes were also confirmed, including one that damaged the roofs of homes in [Isbergues](/wiki/Isbergues \"Isbergues\"), and another that hit the village of [Aubencheul\\-aux\\-Bois](/wiki/Aubencheul-aux-Bois \"Aubencheul-aux-Bois\"), damaging trees, homes, signs, and an embroidery workshop. A tornado caused F1 damage in the [Wingene](/wiki/Wingene \"Wingene\"), Belgium area as well, and 11 tornadoes were confirmed as a result of this outbreak.\n\n",
"### August 29–30 (Europe)\n\nTwo tornadoes were confirmed in western [Russia](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\") on the evening of August 29, including a large F3 tornado that struck the small village of [Kariyevo](/wiki/Kariyevo \"Kariyevo\") in the Russian Republic of [Bashkortostan](/wiki/Bashkortostan \"Bashkortostan\"). Numerous homes and farm structures were heavily damaged or destroyed, vehicles were flipped and tossed, and trees were snapped throughout the town. Two people were killed and at least 50 others were injured. The tornado was caught on video from multiple angles by several vehicle [dashcams](/wiki/Dashcams \"Dashcams\") in Kariyevo. A brief F0 also touched down near [Velikiy Novgorod](/wiki/Velikiy_Novgorod \"Velikiy Novgorod\"), causing no damage. In [Estonia](/wiki/Estonia \"Estonia\"), another weak F0 tornado occurred near [Äksi](/wiki/%C3%84ksi \"Äksi\"), also causing no damage. On August 30, an F1 tornado occurred in [Germany](/wiki/Germany \"Germany\"), causing minor damage in the [Butjadingen](/wiki/Butjadingen \"Butjadingen\") Peninsula community of [Eckwarderhörne](/wiki/Eckwarderh%C3%B6rne \"Eckwarderhörne\").\n\n",
"Asia\n----\n\n### July 26 (Mongolia)\n\nA violent EF4 stovepipe tornado moved through sparsely populated areas near [Khashaat](/wiki/Khashaat \"Khashaat\"), [Mongolia](/wiki/Mongolia \"Mongolia\") and impacted several farms, completely leveling or sweeping away a few homes and killing livestock. Vehicles were thrown and mangled beyond recognition, and significant damage to vegetation also occurred.\n\n",
"### July 26 (Mongolia)\n\nA violent EF4 stovepipe tornado moved through sparsely populated areas near [Khashaat](/wiki/Khashaat \"Khashaat\"), [Mongolia](/wiki/Mongolia \"Mongolia\") and impacted several farms, completely leveling or sweeping away a few homes and killing livestock. Vehicles were thrown and mangled beyond recognition, and significant damage to vegetation also occurred.\n\n",
"Elsewhere\n---------\n\n### April 12 (Brazil)\n\nTwo tornadoes touched down in the state of [Rio Grande do Sul](/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Rio Grande do Sul\"). An F2 tornado struck [Erebango](/wiki/Erebango \"Erebango\") and [Tapejara](/wiki/Tapejara%2C_Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Tapejara, Rio Grande do Sul\"), damaging 300 houses and killing one person. Another tornado, which was rated F1, touched down in [Soledade](/wiki/Soledade \"Soledade\") and caused considerable tree damage.\n\n### July 15 (Australia)\n\nTwo people were killed when a tornado struck the western suburbs of [Perth, Western Australia](/wiki/Perth%2C_Western_Australia \"Perth, Western Australia\"). The men, who suffered from pre\\-existing medical conditions, were killed in the suburb of Beaconsfield when the storm cut power to homes, and subsequently their electronic medical equipment. The tornado was confirmed by the [Bureau of Meteorology](/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology \"Bureau of Meteorology\").[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking\\-news/bom\\-confirms\\-tornado\\-in\\-perths\\-south/story\\-fni0xqi4\\-1226988611249](http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking-news/bom-confirms-tornado-in-perths-south/story-fni0xqi4-1226988611249) \n\n### September 20–24 (Brazil)\n\nThree tornadoes touched down in Brazil between September 20 and 24\\. A tornado capsized a boat in the [Paraguay River](/wiki/Paraguay_River \"Paraguay River\") near the city of [Porto Murtinho](/wiki/Porto_Murtinho \"Porto Murtinho\"), in the state of [Mato Grosso do Sul](/wiki/Mato_Grosso_do_Sul \"Mato Grosso do Sul\"); 3 people died and 11 went missing. An F0 tornado was recorded by a journalist in a rural area near [Pedro Osório](/wiki/Pedro_Os%C3%B3rio \"Pedro Osório\") and [Capão do Leão](/wiki/Cap%C3%A3o_do_Le%C3%A3o \"Capão do Leão\"), in [Rio Grande do Sul](/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Rio Grande do Sul\"). There was no damage. Also, a tornadic waterspout was confirmed in [Cidreira](/wiki/Cidreira \"Cidreira\"), in the same state.\n\n",
"### April 12 (Brazil)\n\nTwo tornadoes touched down in the state of [Rio Grande do Sul](/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Rio Grande do Sul\"). An F2 tornado struck [Erebango](/wiki/Erebango \"Erebango\") and [Tapejara](/wiki/Tapejara%2C_Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Tapejara, Rio Grande do Sul\"), damaging 300 houses and killing one person. Another tornado, which was rated F1, touched down in [Soledade](/wiki/Soledade \"Soledade\") and caused considerable tree damage.\n\n",
"### July 15 (Australia)\n\nTwo people were killed when a tornado struck the western suburbs of [Perth, Western Australia](/wiki/Perth%2C_Western_Australia \"Perth, Western Australia\"). The men, who suffered from pre\\-existing medical conditions, were killed in the suburb of Beaconsfield when the storm cut power to homes, and subsequently their electronic medical equipment. The tornado was confirmed by the [Bureau of Meteorology](/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology \"Bureau of Meteorology\").[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking\\-news/bom\\-confirms\\-tornado\\-in\\-perths\\-south/story\\-fni0xqi4\\-1226988611249](http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking-news/bom-confirms-tornado-in-perths-south/story-fni0xqi4-1226988611249) \n\n",
"### September 20–24 (Brazil)\n\nThree tornadoes touched down in Brazil between September 20 and 24\\. A tornado capsized a boat in the [Paraguay River](/wiki/Paraguay_River \"Paraguay River\") near the city of [Porto Murtinho](/wiki/Porto_Murtinho \"Porto Murtinho\"), in the state of [Mato Grosso do Sul](/wiki/Mato_Grosso_do_Sul \"Mato Grosso do Sul\"); 3 people died and 11 went missing. An F0 tornado was recorded by a journalist in a rural area near [Pedro Osório](/wiki/Pedro_Os%C3%B3rio \"Pedro Osório\") and [Capão do Leão](/wiki/Cap%C3%A3o_do_Le%C3%A3o \"Capão do Leão\"), in [Rio Grande do Sul](/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul \"Rio Grande do Sul\"). There was no damage. Also, a tornadic waterspout was confirmed in [Cidreira](/wiki/Cidreira \"Cidreira\"), in the same state.\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Weather of 2014](/wiki/Weather_of_2014 \"Weather of 2014\")\n* [Tornado](/wiki/Tornado \"Tornado\")\n\t+ [Tornadoes by year](/wiki/Tornadoes_by_year \"Tornadoes by year\")\n\t+ [Tornado records](/wiki/Tornado_records \"Tornado records\")\n\t+ [Tornado climatology](/wiki/Tornado_climatology \"Tornado climatology\")\n\t+ [Tornado myths](/wiki/Tornado_myths \"Tornado myths\")\n* [List of tornado outbreaks](/wiki/List_of_tornado_outbreaks \"List of tornado outbreaks\")\n\t+ [List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes](/wiki/List_of_F5_and_EF5_tornadoes \"List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes\")\n\t+ [List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes](/wiki/List_of_F4_and_EF4_tornadoes \"List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes\")\n\t+ [List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks](/wiki/List_of_North_American_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks \"List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks\")\n\t+ [List of 21st\\-century Canadian tornadoes and tornado outbreaks](/wiki/List_of_21st-century_Canadian_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks \"List of 21st-century Canadian tornadoes and tornado outbreaks\")\n\t+ [List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks](/wiki/List_of_European_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks \"List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks\")\n\t+ [List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks in Asia](/wiki/List_of_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks_in_Asia \"List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks in Asia\")\n\t+ [List of Southern Hemisphere tornadoes and tornado outbreaks](/wiki/List_of_Southern_Hemisphere_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks \"List of Southern Hemisphere tornadoes and tornado outbreaks\")\n\t+ [List of tornadoes striking downtown areas](/wiki/List_of_tornadoes_striking_downtown_areas \"List of tornadoes striking downtown areas\")\n\t+ [List of tornadoes with confirmed satellite tornadoes](/wiki/List_of_tornadoes_with_confirmed_satellite_tornadoes \"List of tornadoes with confirmed satellite tornadoes\")\n* [Tornado intensity](/wiki/Tornado_intensity \"Tornado intensity\")\n\t+ [Fujita scale](/wiki/Fujita_scale \"Fujita scale\")\n\t+ [Enhanced Fujita scale](/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale \"Enhanced Fujita scale\")\n\t+ [International Fujita scale](/wiki/International_Fujita_scale \"International Fujita scale\")\n\t+ [TORRO scale](/wiki/TORRO_scale \"TORRO scale\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [State of the Climate: Annual Tornadoes for 2014](http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/tornadoes/2014/13) from the [National Climatic Data Center](/wiki/National_Climatic_Data_Center \"National Climatic Data Center\")\n* [TORNADOES of 2014: Best, Worst, Most Beautiful \\& Ugliest](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SYsIGbxOqk)\n\n[Category:2014\\-related lists](/wiki/Category:2014-related_lists \"2014-related lists\")\n[Category:Tornado\\-related lists by year](/wiki/Category:Tornado-related_lists_by_year \"Tornado-related lists by year\")\n[Category:2014 meteorology](/wiki/Category:2014_meteorology \"2014 meteorology\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Neiman Gracie
|
{
"id": [
753665
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"name": [
"Ser Amantio di Nicolao"
]
}
|
mwys9o1yz70fz2ur2atg3jc8gyjy1ih
|
2024-10-20T16:20:55Z
| 1,243,204,207 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Brazilian jiu-jitsu career",
"Mixed martial arts career",
"World Series of Fighting",
"Bellator MMA",
"Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix and title shot",
"Post-Grand Prix",
"Professional Fighters League",
"Instructor lineage",
"Championships and achievements",
"Brazilian jiu-jitsu",
"Mixed martial arts",
"Mixed martial arts record",
"Personal life",
"See also",
"Notes",
"References"
],
"level": [
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2,
2,
2,
3,
3,
4,
4,
3,
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"content": [
"\n\n**Neiman Gracie Stambowsky** (born December 12, 1988\\) is a Brazilian [mixed martial artist](/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts \"Mixed martial arts\") and [Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu](/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu \"Brazilian jiu-jitsu\") practitioner. A two\\-time [Pan\\-American](/wiki/Pan_IBJJF_Jiu-Jitsu_Championship \"Pan IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship\") champion in coloured belts, Gracie medalled at the 2013 black belt [World No\\-Gi Championship](/wiki/World_IBJJF_Jiu-Jitsu_No-Gi_Championship \"World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu No-Gi Championship\") before transitioning to MMA competing in the [Welterweight](/wiki/Welterweight_%28MMA%29 \"Welterweight (MMA)\") division of [Bellator MMA](/wiki/Bellator_MMA \"Bellator MMA\"). Gracie has also previously fought for the [World Series of Fighting](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting \"World Series of Fighting\") and currently competes in the [Professional Fighters League](/wiki/Professional_Fighters_League \"Professional Fighters League\").\n\nGracie is a 4th generation member of the [Gracie Family](/wiki/Gracie_Family \"Gracie Family\") of Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu, great\\-grandson of Gracie jiu\\-jitsu founder [Carlos Gracie](/wiki/Carlos_Gracie \"Carlos Gracie\") as well as the son of 8th degree [coral belt](/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu_ranking_system%23Red_/_White_belt_%28Coral_belt%29 \"Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system#Red / White belt (Coral belt)\") [Márcio Stambowsky](/wiki/M%C3%A1rcio_Stambowsky \"Márcio Stambowsky\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nNeiman Gracie was born on 12 December 1988 in [Rio de Janeiro](/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro \"Rio de Janeiro\"), Brazil. Gracie is the son of Carla Gracie (daughter of [Robson Gracie](/wiki/Robson_Gracie \"Robson Gracie\")), and [Márcio Stambowsky](/wiki/M%C3%A1rcio_Stambowsky \"Márcio Stambowsky\"). He is a 4th generation member of the [Gracie Family](/wiki/Gracie_Family \"Gracie Family\") of Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu. His sister Deborah Gracie Stambowsky is the second female in the Gracie family to achieve the rank of [black belt](/wiki/BJJ_belt \"BJJ belt\"), behind their first\\-cousin [Kyra Gracie](/wiki/Kyra_Gracie \"Kyra Gracie\"). Gracie started training Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu as a child at age 7\\.\n\n",
"Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu career\n---------------------------\n\nAs a purple belt Gracie won the Pan American Championship (both Gi and No\\-Gi), the American National and the NY International Open. As a black belt, he won bronze at the 2013 [World Nogi Brazilian Jiu\\-Jitsu Championship](/wiki/World_Nogi_Brazilian_Jiu-Jitsu_Championship \"World Nogi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship\") and silver at the 2012 and 2015 IBJJF New York International Open Championship.\n\nGracie competed in a welterweight no gi match against [Benson Henderson](/wiki/Benson_Henderson \"Benson Henderson\") as the main event of ADXC 1 on October 20, 2023\\. He won the match by submission with an armbar.\n\n",
"Mixed martial arts career\n-------------------------\n\n### World Series of Fighting\n\nIn 2013, Gracie set his sights on competing in mixed martial arts. He signed with the [World Series of Fighting](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting \"World Series of Fighting\") promotion and made his debut in September 2013 at [World Series of Fighting 5: Arlovski vs. Kyle](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_5:Arlovski_vs._Kyle \"Arlovski vs. Kyle\"), facing Darren Costa. He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nGracie returned to the WSOF decagon on July 5, 2014 at [World Series of Fighting 11: Gaethje vs. Newell](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_11:Gaethje_vs._Newell \"Gaethje vs. Newell\"), facing Dustin Holyko. He again won the fight via submission, this time in the second round.\n\n### Bellator MMA\n\nOn October 29, 2014, it was announced that the undefeated Gracie had signed with Bellator MMA.\n\nGracie made his Bellator debut against Bobby Flynn on February 27, 2015 at [Bellator 134](/wiki/Bellator_134 \"Bellator 134\"). He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nFor his second fight with the promotion, Gracie faced Roger Carroll at [Bellator 151](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_151 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 151\") on March 4, 2016\\. He won the fight by unanimous decision.\n\nIn his third fight for Bellator, Gracie faced [Rudy Bears](/wiki/Rudy_Bears \"Rudy Bears\") at [Bellator 163](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_163 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 163\") on November 4, 2016\\. He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nGracie faced Dave Marfone at [Bellator NYC](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_NYC/Bellator_180 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator NYC/Bellator 180\") on June 24, 2017\\. He won the fight via submission in the second round.\n\nGracie was expected to face Javier Torres at [Bellator 185](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_185 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator 185\") on October 20, 2017\\. Gracie's opponent was changed to [Zak Bucia](/wiki/Zak_Bucia \"Zak Bucia\") after an injury to Torres. As a result of the [Brennan Ward](/wiki/Brennan_Ward \"Brennan Ward\") vs [David Rickels](/wiki/David_Rickels \"David Rickels\") match being removed from the card, also due to injury, the bout was elevated to co\\-main event. Gracie won the fight by submission due to a neck crank in the second round.\n\nIn his sixth fight for the promotion, Gracie faced Javier Torres at [Bellator 198](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_198 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 198\") on April 28, 2018\\. He won the fight via arm\\-triangle choke submission in the second round.\n\n#### Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix and title shot\n\nGracie next entered the [Bellator Welterweight Grand Prix](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_Welterweight_World_Grand_Prix_Tournament \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix Tournament\"). He faced [Ed Ruth](/wiki/Ed_Ruth \"Ed Ruth\") in the quarterfinals at [Bellator 213](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_213 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 213\") on December 15, 2018\\. He won the fight via rear\\-naked choke submission in the fourth round.\n\nGracie faced [Rory MacDonald](/wiki/Rory_MacDonald_%28fighter%29 \"Rory MacDonald (fighter)\") in the semi\\-finals at [Bellator 222](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_222 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 222\") on June 14, 2019\\. He lost the fight by unanimous decision.\n\n#### Post\\-Grand Prix\n\nGracie was expected to face [Kiichi Kunimoto](/wiki/Kiichi_Kunimoto \"Kiichi Kunimoto\") at [Bellator 236](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_236 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 236\") on December 21, 2019\\. However, Gracie had to withdraw from the bout due to an injury and was replaced by [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\").\n\nGracie faced [Jon Fitch](/wiki/Jon_Fitch \"Jon Fitch\") at [Bellator 246](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2020%23Bellator_246 \"Bellator MMA in 2020#Bellator 246\") on September 12, 2020\\. Gracie won the bout via second round submission.\n\nGracie faced [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\") at [Bellator 255](/wiki/Bellator_255 \"Bellator 255\") on April 2, 2021\\. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced Mark Lemminger on September 18, 2021 at [Bellator 266](/wiki/Bellator_266 \"Bellator 266\"). He won the bout via TKO in the first round, collecting his first knockout win of his career.\n\nGracie faced [Logan Storley](/wiki/Logan_Storley \"Logan Storley\") on February 19, 2022 at [Bellator 274](/wiki/Bellator_274 \"Bellator 274\"). He lost the mostly standup bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced [Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\") on August 12, 2022 at [Bellator 284](/wiki/Bellator_284 \"Bellator 284\"). He lost the bout in the second round after being knocked out by an uppercut.\n\nGracie was scheduled to face Michael Lombardo on February 4, 2023 at [Bellator 290](/wiki/Bellator_290 \"Bellator 290\"). Two weeks before the event, Lombardo was forced to withdraw from the bout and he was replaced by Dante Schiro. Gracie dominated the bout on the way to a unanimous decision victory.\n\n### Professional Fighters League\n\nIn his PFL debut, Gracie faced [Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\") in a rematch at [PFL 3](/wiki/PFL_3_%282024%29 \"PFL 3 (2024)\") on April 19, 2024\\. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie next faced [Don Madge](/wiki/Don_Madge \"Don Madge\") at [PFL 6 (2024\\)](/wiki/PFL_6_%282024%29 \"PFL 6 (2024)\") on June 28, 2024\\. He won the fight via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie, as a replacement for [Don Madge](/wiki/Don_Madge \"Don Madge\"), faced [Magomed Umalatov](/wiki/Magomed_Umalatov \"Magomed Umalatov\") in the semifinals of the [2024 Welterweight tournament](/wiki/2024_in_Professional_Fighters_League%232024_PFL_Welterweight_playoffs \"2024 in Professional Fighters League#2024 PFL Welterweight playoffs\") on August 23, 2024 at [PFL 9](/wiki/PFL_9_%282024%29 \"PFL 9 (2024)\"). He lost the fight by unanimous decision.\n\n",
"### World Series of Fighting\n\nIn 2013, Gracie set his sights on competing in mixed martial arts. He signed with the [World Series of Fighting](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting \"World Series of Fighting\") promotion and made his debut in September 2013 at [World Series of Fighting 5: Arlovski vs. Kyle](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_5:Arlovski_vs._Kyle \"Arlovski vs. Kyle\"), facing Darren Costa. He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nGracie returned to the WSOF decagon on July 5, 2014 at [World Series of Fighting 11: Gaethje vs. Newell](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_11:Gaethje_vs._Newell \"Gaethje vs. Newell\"), facing Dustin Holyko. He again won the fight via submission, this time in the second round.\n\n",
"### Bellator MMA\n\nOn October 29, 2014, it was announced that the undefeated Gracie had signed with Bellator MMA.\n\nGracie made his Bellator debut against Bobby Flynn on February 27, 2015 at [Bellator 134](/wiki/Bellator_134 \"Bellator 134\"). He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nFor his second fight with the promotion, Gracie faced Roger Carroll at [Bellator 151](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_151 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 151\") on March 4, 2016\\. He won the fight by unanimous decision.\n\nIn his third fight for Bellator, Gracie faced [Rudy Bears](/wiki/Rudy_Bears \"Rudy Bears\") at [Bellator 163](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_163 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 163\") on November 4, 2016\\. He won the fight via submission in the first round.\n\nGracie faced Dave Marfone at [Bellator NYC](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_NYC/Bellator_180 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator NYC/Bellator 180\") on June 24, 2017\\. He won the fight via submission in the second round.\n\nGracie was expected to face Javier Torres at [Bellator 185](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_185 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator 185\") on October 20, 2017\\. Gracie's opponent was changed to [Zak Bucia](/wiki/Zak_Bucia \"Zak Bucia\") after an injury to Torres. As a result of the [Brennan Ward](/wiki/Brennan_Ward \"Brennan Ward\") vs [David Rickels](/wiki/David_Rickels \"David Rickels\") match being removed from the card, also due to injury, the bout was elevated to co\\-main event. Gracie won the fight by submission due to a neck crank in the second round.\n\nIn his sixth fight for the promotion, Gracie faced Javier Torres at [Bellator 198](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_198 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 198\") on April 28, 2018\\. He won the fight via arm\\-triangle choke submission in the second round.\n\n#### Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix and title shot\n\nGracie next entered the [Bellator Welterweight Grand Prix](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_Welterweight_World_Grand_Prix_Tournament \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix Tournament\"). He faced [Ed Ruth](/wiki/Ed_Ruth \"Ed Ruth\") in the quarterfinals at [Bellator 213](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_213 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 213\") on December 15, 2018\\. He won the fight via rear\\-naked choke submission in the fourth round.\n\nGracie faced [Rory MacDonald](/wiki/Rory_MacDonald_%28fighter%29 \"Rory MacDonald (fighter)\") in the semi\\-finals at [Bellator 222](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_222 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 222\") on June 14, 2019\\. He lost the fight by unanimous decision.\n\n#### Post\\-Grand Prix\n\nGracie was expected to face [Kiichi Kunimoto](/wiki/Kiichi_Kunimoto \"Kiichi Kunimoto\") at [Bellator 236](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_236 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 236\") on December 21, 2019\\. However, Gracie had to withdraw from the bout due to an injury and was replaced by [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\").\n\nGracie faced [Jon Fitch](/wiki/Jon_Fitch \"Jon Fitch\") at [Bellator 246](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2020%23Bellator_246 \"Bellator MMA in 2020#Bellator 246\") on September 12, 2020\\. Gracie won the bout via second round submission.\n\nGracie faced [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\") at [Bellator 255](/wiki/Bellator_255 \"Bellator 255\") on April 2, 2021\\. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced Mark Lemminger on September 18, 2021 at [Bellator 266](/wiki/Bellator_266 \"Bellator 266\"). He won the bout via TKO in the first round, collecting his first knockout win of his career.\n\nGracie faced [Logan Storley](/wiki/Logan_Storley \"Logan Storley\") on February 19, 2022 at [Bellator 274](/wiki/Bellator_274 \"Bellator 274\"). He lost the mostly standup bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced [Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\") on August 12, 2022 at [Bellator 284](/wiki/Bellator_284 \"Bellator 284\"). He lost the bout in the second round after being knocked out by an uppercut.\n\nGracie was scheduled to face Michael Lombardo on February 4, 2023 at [Bellator 290](/wiki/Bellator_290 \"Bellator 290\"). Two weeks before the event, Lombardo was forced to withdraw from the bout and he was replaced by Dante Schiro. Gracie dominated the bout on the way to a unanimous decision victory.\n\n",
"#### Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix and title shot\n\nGracie next entered the [Bellator Welterweight Grand Prix](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_Welterweight_World_Grand_Prix_Tournament \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator Welterweight World Grand Prix Tournament\"). He faced [Ed Ruth](/wiki/Ed_Ruth \"Ed Ruth\") in the quarterfinals at [Bellator 213](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_213 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 213\") on December 15, 2018\\. He won the fight via rear\\-naked choke submission in the fourth round.\n\nGracie faced [Rory MacDonald](/wiki/Rory_MacDonald_%28fighter%29 \"Rory MacDonald (fighter)\") in the semi\\-finals at [Bellator 222](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_222 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 222\") on June 14, 2019\\. He lost the fight by unanimous decision.\n\n",
"#### Post\\-Grand Prix\n\nGracie was expected to face [Kiichi Kunimoto](/wiki/Kiichi_Kunimoto \"Kiichi Kunimoto\") at [Bellator 236](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_236 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 236\") on December 21, 2019\\. However, Gracie had to withdraw from the bout due to an injury and was replaced by [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\").\n\nGracie faced [Jon Fitch](/wiki/Jon_Fitch \"Jon Fitch\") at [Bellator 246](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2020%23Bellator_246 \"Bellator MMA in 2020#Bellator 246\") on September 12, 2020\\. Gracie won the bout via second round submission.\n\nGracie faced [Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\") at [Bellator 255](/wiki/Bellator_255 \"Bellator 255\") on April 2, 2021\\. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced Mark Lemminger on September 18, 2021 at [Bellator 266](/wiki/Bellator_266 \"Bellator 266\"). He won the bout via TKO in the first round, collecting his first knockout win of his career.\n\nGracie faced [Logan Storley](/wiki/Logan_Storley \"Logan Storley\") on February 19, 2022 at [Bellator 274](/wiki/Bellator_274 \"Bellator 274\"). He lost the mostly standup bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie faced [Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\") on August 12, 2022 at [Bellator 284](/wiki/Bellator_284 \"Bellator 284\"). He lost the bout in the second round after being knocked out by an uppercut.\n\nGracie was scheduled to face Michael Lombardo on February 4, 2023 at [Bellator 290](/wiki/Bellator_290 \"Bellator 290\"). Two weeks before the event, Lombardo was forced to withdraw from the bout and he was replaced by Dante Schiro. Gracie dominated the bout on the way to a unanimous decision victory.\n\n",
"### Professional Fighters League\n\nIn his PFL debut, Gracie faced [Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\") in a rematch at [PFL 3](/wiki/PFL_3_%282024%29 \"PFL 3 (2024)\") on April 19, 2024\\. He lost the bout via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie next faced [Don Madge](/wiki/Don_Madge \"Don Madge\") at [PFL 6 (2024\\)](/wiki/PFL_6_%282024%29 \"PFL 6 (2024)\") on June 28, 2024\\. He won the fight via unanimous decision.\n\nGracie, as a replacement for [Don Madge](/wiki/Don_Madge \"Don Madge\"), faced [Magomed Umalatov](/wiki/Magomed_Umalatov \"Magomed Umalatov\") in the semifinals of the [2024 Welterweight tournament](/wiki/2024_in_Professional_Fighters_League%232024_PFL_Welterweight_playoffs \"2024 in Professional Fighters League#2024 PFL Welterweight playoffs\") on August 23, 2024 at [PFL 9](/wiki/PFL_9_%282024%29 \"PFL 9 (2024)\"). He lost the fight by unanimous decision.\n\n",
"Instructor lineage\n------------------\n\n[Kano Jigoro](/wiki/Kano_Jigoro \"Kano Jigoro\") → [Mitsuyo \"Count Koma\" Maeda](/wiki/Mitsuyo_Maeda \"Mitsuyo Maeda\") → [Carlos Gracie](/wiki/Carlos_Gracie \"Carlos Gracie\") → [Helio Gracie](/wiki/Helio_Gracie \"Helio Gracie\") → [Carlos Gracie Jr.](/wiki/Carlos_Gracie_Jr. \"Carlos Gracie Jr.\") \\> [Renzo Gracie](/wiki/Renzo_Gracie \"Renzo Gracie\") \\> Neiman Gracie\n\n",
"Championships and achievements\n------------------------------\n\n### Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu\n\nMain Achievements (at black belt level):\n* 2nd Place NY International Open Championship (2012\\)\n* 2nd Place NY Summer Open Championship (2015\\)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF World No\\-Gi Championship 3rd Place (2013 black)\n\nMain Achievements (at colored belts):\n* IBJJF Pan American Champion (2008 purple)\n* IBJJF Pan American No\\-Gi Champion (2008 purple)\n* IBJJF American National Champion (2007 purple)\n* NY International Open Champion (2009 purple)\n* 2nd Place NY International Open Championship (2010 purple)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF World Championship (2008 purple, 2005 blue junior)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF Pan American Championship (2007/2009 purple)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF Pan American No\\-Gi Championship (2011 brown)\n* 3rd Place Brazilian National Championship (2004 blue junior)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF NY International Open Championship (2009 purple, 2011 brown)\n\n### Mixed martial arts\n\n* **[Bellator MMA](/wiki/Bellator_MMA \"Bellator MMA\")**\n\t+ Second most submission wins in Bellator MMA history (seven)\n\t+ Most submission wins in Bellator MMA Welterweight division history (six)\n",
"### Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu\n\nMain Achievements (at black belt level):\n* 2nd Place NY International Open Championship (2012\\)\n* 2nd Place NY Summer Open Championship (2015\\)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF World No\\-Gi Championship 3rd Place (2013 black)\n\nMain Achievements (at colored belts):\n* IBJJF Pan American Champion (2008 purple)\n* IBJJF Pan American No\\-Gi Champion (2008 purple)\n* IBJJF American National Champion (2007 purple)\n* NY International Open Champion (2009 purple)\n* 2nd Place NY International Open Championship (2010 purple)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF World Championship (2008 purple, 2005 blue junior)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF Pan American Championship (2007/2009 purple)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF Pan American No\\-Gi Championship (2011 brown)\n* 3rd Place Brazilian National Championship (2004 blue junior)\n* 3rd Place IBJJF NY International Open Championship (2009 purple, 2011 brown)\n\n",
"### Mixed martial arts\n\n* **[Bellator MMA](/wiki/Bellator_MMA \"Bellator MMA\")**\n\t+ Second most submission wins in Bellator MMA history (seven)\n\t+ Most submission wins in Bellator MMA Welterweight division history (six)\n",
"Mixed martial arts record\n-------------------------\n\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|13–6\n\\|[Magomed Umalatov](/wiki/Magomed_Umalatov \"Magomed Umalatov\")\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[PFL 9 (2024\\)](/wiki/PFL_9_%282024%29 \"PFL 9 (2024)\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Washington, D.C.](/wiki/Washington%2C_D.C. \"Washington, D.C.\"), United States \n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|13–5\n\\|[Don Madge](/wiki/Don_Madge \"Don Madge\")\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[PFL 6 (2024\\)](/wiki/PFL_6_%282024%29 \"PFL 6 (2024)\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Sioux Falls, South Dakota](/wiki/Sioux_Falls%2C_South_Dakota \"Sioux Falls, South Dakota\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|12–5\n\\|[Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\")\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|\\|[PFL 3 (2024\\)](/wiki/PFL_3_%282024%29 \"PFL 3 (2024)\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Chicago, Illinois](/wiki/Chicago%2C_Illinois \"Chicago, Illinois\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|12–4\n\\|Dante Schiro\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[Bellator 290](/wiki/Bellator_290 \"Bellator 290\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Inglewood, California](/wiki/Inglewood%2C_California \"Inglewood, California\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|11–4\n\\|[Goiti Yamauchi](/wiki/Goiti_Yamauchi \"Goiti Yamauchi\")\n\\|KO (punches)\n\\|[Bellator 284](/wiki/Bellator_284 \"Bellator 284\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|3:58\n\\|[Sioux Falls, South Dakota](/wiki/Sioux_Falls%2C_South_Dakota \"Sioux Falls, South Dakota\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|11–3\n\\|[Logan Storley](/wiki/Logan_Storley \"Logan Storley\")\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[Bellator 274](/wiki/Bellator_274 \"Bellator 274\")\n\\|\n\\| align\\=center\\| 5\n\\| align\\=center\\| 5:00\n\\|[Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\- \n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|11–2\n\\|Mark Lemminger \n\\|TKO (elbows and punches)\n\\|[Bellator 266](/wiki/Bellator_266 \"Bellator 266\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|1\n\\|align\\=center\\|1:27\n\\|[San Jose, California](/wiki/San_Jose%2C_California \"San Jose, California\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|10–2\n\\|[Jason Jackson](/wiki/Jason_Jackson_%28fighter%29 \"Jason Jackson (fighter)\")\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[Bellator 255](/wiki/Bellator_255 \"Bellator 255\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|10–1\n\\|[Jon Fitch](/wiki/Jon_Fitch \"Jon Fitch\")\n\\|Submission (heel hook)\n\\|[Bellator 246](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2020%23Bellator_246 \"Bellator MMA in 2020#Bellator 246\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|4:47\n\\|[Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Loss\n\\|align\\=center\\|9–1\n\\|[Rory MacDonald](/wiki/Rory_MacDonald_%28fighter%29 \"Rory MacDonald (fighter)\") \n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[Bellator 222](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2019%23Bellator_222 \"Bellator MMA in 2019#Bellator 222\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|5\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[New York City, New York](/wiki/New_York_City%2C_New_York \"New York City, New York\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|9–0\n\\|[Ed Ruth](/wiki/Ed_Ruth \"Ed Ruth\")\n\\|Submission (rear\\-naked choke)\n\\|[Bellator 213](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_213 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 213\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|4\n\\|align\\=center\\|2:17\n\\|[Honolulu, Hawaii](/wiki/Honolulu%2C_Hawaii \"Honolulu, Hawaii\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|8–0\n\\|Javier Torres\n\\|Submission (arm\\-triangle choke)\n\\|[Bellator 198](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2018%23Bellator_198 \"Bellator MMA in 2018#Bellator 198\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|3:18\n\\|[Rosemont, Illinois](/wiki/Rosemont%2C_Illinois \"Rosemont, Illinois\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|7–0\n\\|[Zak Bucia](/wiki/Zak_Bucia \"Zak Bucia\")\n\\|Submission (neck crank)\n\\|[Bellator 185](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_185 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator 185\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|2:27\n\\|[Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|6–0\n\\|Dave Marfone\n\\|Submission (rear\\-naked choke)\n\\|[Bellator NYC](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2017%23Bellator_NYC/Bellator_180 \"Bellator MMA in 2017#Bellator NYC/Bellator 180\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|2:27\n\\|[New York City, New York](/wiki/New_York_City%2C_New_York \"New York City, New York\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\| Win\n\\| align\\=center\\|5–0\n\\|[Rudy Bears](/wiki/Rudy_Bears \"Rudy Bears\")\n\\| Submission (armbar)\n\\| [Bellator 163](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_163 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 163\")\n\\| \n\\| align\\=center\\|1\n\\| align\\=center\\|4:39\n\\| [Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\| \n\\|\\-\n\\|Win \n\\|align\\=center\\|4–0\n\\|Roger Carroll\n\\|Decision (unanimous)\n\\|[Bellator 151](/wiki/Bellator_MMA_in_2016%23Bellator_151 \"Bellator MMA in 2016#Bellator 151\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|3\n\\|align\\=center\\|5:00\n\\|[Thackerville, Oklahoma](/wiki/Thackerville%2C_Oklahoma \"Thackerville, Oklahoma\"), United States\n\\|\n\\|\\-\n\\|Win \n\\|align\\=center\\|3–0\n\\|Bobby Flynn\n\\|Submission (neck crank)\n\\|[Bellator 134](/wiki/Bellator_134 \"Bellator 134\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|1\n\\|align\\=center\\|2:36\n\\|[Uncasville, Connecticut](/wiki/Uncasville%2C_Connecticut \"Uncasville, Connecticut\"), United States\n\\| \n\\|\\-\n\\|Win \n\\|align\\=center\\|2–0\n\\|Dustin Holyko \n\\|Submission (rear\\-naked choke)\n\\|[WSOF 11](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_11:Gaethje_vs._Newell \"Gaethje vs. Newell\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|2\n\\|align\\=center\\|2:21\n\\|[Daytona Beach, Florida](/wiki/Daytona_Beach%2C_Florida \"Daytona Beach, Florida\"), United States\n\\| \n\\|\\-\n\\|Win\n\\|align\\=center\\|1–0\n\\|Darren Costa\n\\|Submission (armbar)\n\\|[WSOF 5](/wiki/World_Series_of_Fighting_5:Arlovski_vs._Kyle \"Arlovski vs. Kyle\")\n\\|\n\\|align\\=center\\|1\n\\|align\\=center\\|3:57\n\\|[Atlantic City, New Jersey](/wiki/Atlantic_City%2C_New_Jersey \"Atlantic City, New Jersey\"), United States\n\\| \n\n",
"Personal life\n-------------\n\nGracie and his wife Karina have one daughter, Khali (born 2018\\).\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [List of Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu practitioners](/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_jiu-jitsu_practitioners \"List of Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners\")\n* [List of current Bellator fighters](/wiki/List_of_current_Bellator_fighters \"List of current Bellator fighters\")\n",
"Notes\n-----\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Brazilian male mixed martial artists](/wiki/Category:Brazilian_male_mixed_martial_artists \"Brazilian male mixed martial artists\")\n[Category:Gracie family](/wiki/Category:Gracie_family \"Gracie family\")\n[Category:People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu](/wiki/Category:People_awarded_a_black_belt_in_Brazilian_jiu-jitsu \"People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu\")\n[Category:Martial artists from Rio de Janeiro (city)](/wiki/Category:Martial_artists_from_Rio_de_Janeiro_%28city%29 \"Martial artists from Rio de Janeiro (city)\")\n[Category:1988 births](/wiki/Category:1988_births \"1988 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Welterweight mixed martial artists](/wiki/Category:Welterweight_mixed_martial_artists \"Welterweight mixed martial artists\")\n[Category:Jewish Brazilian sportspeople](/wiki/Category:Jewish_Brazilian_sportspeople \"Jewish Brazilian sportspeople\")\n[Category:Brazilian people of Russian\\-Jewish descent](/wiki/Category:Brazilian_people_of_Russian-Jewish_descent \"Brazilian people of Russian-Jewish descent\")\n[Category:Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu](/wiki/Category:Mixed_martial_artists_utilizing_Brazilian_jiu-jitsu \"Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu\")\n[Category:Brazilian jiu\\-jitsu practitioners who have competed in MMA (men)](/wiki/Category:Brazilian_jiu-jitsu_practitioners_who_have_competed_in_MMA_%28men%29 \"Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners who have competed in MMA (men)\")\n[Category:21st\\-century Brazilian sportsmen](/wiki/Category:21st-century_Brazilian_sportsmen \"21st-century Brazilian sportsmen\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Joseph Hansen (socialist)
|
{
"id": [
43908893
],
"name": [
"Niafied"
]
}
|
ampoi5yf23m89drnkwougf0kcd3nv4l
|
2024-05-10T14:23:31Z
| 1,217,631,105 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Life",
"Background",
"Socialism",
"Death",
"Publications",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Joseph Leroy Hansen** (June 16, 1910 – January 19, 1979\\), was an American [Trotskyist](/wiki/Trotskyist \"Trotskyist\") and leading figure in the [Socialist Workers Party](/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Socialist Workers Party (United States)\").\n\n",
"Life\n----\n\n### Background\n\nBorn in [Richfield, Utah](/wiki/Richfield%2C_Utah \"Richfield, Utah\"), Joseph Hansen was the oldest of 15 children in a poor working\\-class family. He was the only one of the children who could attend college. His father, Conrad Johan Zahl Hansen, was a tailor, originally from the island Kvitvær, Lurøy, [Nordland](/wiki/Nordland \"Nordland\") in northern [Norway](/wiki/Norway \"Norway\"). His parents had immigrated after converting to [Mormonism](/wiki/Mormonism \"Mormonism\").\n\n### Socialism\n\nHansen became politically radicalized during the [Great Depression](/wiki/Great_Depression \"Great Depression\") and he became a convinced [socialist](/wiki/Socialist \"Socialist\") and joined the American [Trotskyist](/wiki/Trotskyist \"Trotskyist\") group led by [James P. Cannon](/wiki/James_P._Cannon \"James P. Cannon\").\n\nWith his wife, Reba, Hansen went to [Mexico](/wiki/Mexico \"Mexico\") to meet the exiled [Russian](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\") Communist leader, [Leon Trotsky](/wiki/Leon_Trotsky \"Leon Trotsky\"). Hansen served as Trotsky's secretary and guard from 1937 for the next three years. When the [Stalinist](/wiki/Stalinist \"Stalinist\") agent [Ramón Mercader](/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Mercader \"Ramón Mercader\") struck Trotsky in the head with an ice axe, Hansen, together with [Charles Cornell](/wiki/Charles_Cornell \"Charles Cornell\"), prevented the assassin from fleeing.\n\nHansen returned to the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") and started working as a merchant seaman. At this time, he became editor of the SWP's newspaper, *[The Militant](/wiki/The_Militant \"The Militant\")* for a number of years. From 1940 to 1975, Joe Hansen served on the SWP's National Committee. In [1950](/wiki/New_York_state_election%2C_1950 \"New York state election, 1950\"), he ran on the SWP ticket for [U.S. Senator from New York](/wiki/U.S._Senator_from_New_York \"U.S. Senator from New York\").\n\nHe helped arrange the reunification of the [International Secretariat of the Fourth International](/wiki/International_Secretariat_of_the_Fourth_International \"International Secretariat of the Fourth International\") and the [International Committee of the Fourth International](/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Fourth_International \"International Committee of the Fourth International\") into the [United Secretariat of the Fourth International](/wiki/United_Secretariat_of_the_Fourth_International \"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\") in 1963\\. He became a leader of the USFI and an editor of the USFI's weekly English\\-language news service, initially called \"[World Outlook](http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/world-outlook/index.htm)\" and later changed to \"[Intercontinental Press](/wiki/Intercontinental_Press \"Intercontinental Press\")/[Inprecor](/wiki/Inprecor \"Inprecor\")\".\n\nJoseph Hansen strongly supported the [Cuban Revolution](/wiki/Cuban_Revolution \"Cuban Revolution\") of 1959 and wrote a book about it, *Dynamics of the Cuban Revolution. A Marxist Appreciation*. He visited [Cuba](/wiki/Cuba \"Cuba\") together with [Farrell Dobbs](/wiki/Farrell_Dobbs \"Farrell Dobbs\") in the early 1960s. They were both active in launching of the [Fair Play for Cuba Committee](/wiki/Fair_Play_for_Cuba_Committee \"Fair Play for Cuba Committee\").\n\n",
"### Background\n\nBorn in [Richfield, Utah](/wiki/Richfield%2C_Utah \"Richfield, Utah\"), Joseph Hansen was the oldest of 15 children in a poor working\\-class family. He was the only one of the children who could attend college. His father, Conrad Johan Zahl Hansen, was a tailor, originally from the island Kvitvær, Lurøy, [Nordland](/wiki/Nordland \"Nordland\") in northern [Norway](/wiki/Norway \"Norway\"). His parents had immigrated after converting to [Mormonism](/wiki/Mormonism \"Mormonism\").\n\n",
"### Socialism\n\nHansen became politically radicalized during the [Great Depression](/wiki/Great_Depression \"Great Depression\") and he became a convinced [socialist](/wiki/Socialist \"Socialist\") and joined the American [Trotskyist](/wiki/Trotskyist \"Trotskyist\") group led by [James P. Cannon](/wiki/James_P._Cannon \"James P. Cannon\").\n\nWith his wife, Reba, Hansen went to [Mexico](/wiki/Mexico \"Mexico\") to meet the exiled [Russian](/wiki/Russia \"Russia\") Communist leader, [Leon Trotsky](/wiki/Leon_Trotsky \"Leon Trotsky\"). Hansen served as Trotsky's secretary and guard from 1937 for the next three years. When the [Stalinist](/wiki/Stalinist \"Stalinist\") agent [Ramón Mercader](/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Mercader \"Ramón Mercader\") struck Trotsky in the head with an ice axe, Hansen, together with [Charles Cornell](/wiki/Charles_Cornell \"Charles Cornell\"), prevented the assassin from fleeing.\n\nHansen returned to the [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\") and started working as a merchant seaman. At this time, he became editor of the SWP's newspaper, *[The Militant](/wiki/The_Militant \"The Militant\")* for a number of years. From 1940 to 1975, Joe Hansen served on the SWP's National Committee. In [1950](/wiki/New_York_state_election%2C_1950 \"New York state election, 1950\"), he ran on the SWP ticket for [U.S. Senator from New York](/wiki/U.S._Senator_from_New_York \"U.S. Senator from New York\").\n\nHe helped arrange the reunification of the [International Secretariat of the Fourth International](/wiki/International_Secretariat_of_the_Fourth_International \"International Secretariat of the Fourth International\") and the [International Committee of the Fourth International](/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Fourth_International \"International Committee of the Fourth International\") into the [United Secretariat of the Fourth International](/wiki/United_Secretariat_of_the_Fourth_International \"United Secretariat of the Fourth International\") in 1963\\. He became a leader of the USFI and an editor of the USFI's weekly English\\-language news service, initially called \"[World Outlook](http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/world-outlook/index.htm)\" and later changed to \"[Intercontinental Press](/wiki/Intercontinental_Press \"Intercontinental Press\")/[Inprecor](/wiki/Inprecor \"Inprecor\")\".\n\nJoseph Hansen strongly supported the [Cuban Revolution](/wiki/Cuban_Revolution \"Cuban Revolution\") of 1959 and wrote a book about it, *Dynamics of the Cuban Revolution. A Marxist Appreciation*. He visited [Cuba](/wiki/Cuba \"Cuba\") together with [Farrell Dobbs](/wiki/Farrell_Dobbs \"Farrell Dobbs\") in the early 1960s. They were both active in launching of the [Fair Play for Cuba Committee](/wiki/Fair_Play_for_Cuba_Committee \"Fair Play for Cuba Committee\").\n\n",
"Death\n-----\n\nJoe Hansen died of organ complications in New York City on January 19, 1979\\.\n\nHis wife and close collaborator, Reba Hansen, remained in the [Socialist Workers Party](/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Socialist Workers Party (United States)\") until she died in 1990\\.\n\n",
"Publications\n------------\n\n* *Father Coughlin: fascist demagogue* New York : Pioneer Publishers, 1939\n* *Wall Street's war, not ours!* \\[New York] : Pioneer Publishers for the Socialist Workers Party, 1940\n* [*American workers need a labor party*](http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&forebear_coll=&user=GUEST&pds_handle=&pid=363251&con_lng=ENG&search_terms=Hansen%2C%20Joseph&adjacency=N&rd_session=http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/R/SMBUGDQDXHPE2XN6E99DC6DHCIMTEHRP1TXCTIAJFGMT573PHK-01530) New York : Pioneer Publishers, 1944\n* [*The Socialist Workers Party: what it is, what it stands for*](http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&forebear_coll=&user=GUEST&pds_handle=&pid=2700042&con_lng=ENG&search_terms=Hansen%2C%20Joseph&adjacency=N&rd_session=http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/R/SMBUGDQDXHPE2XN6E99DC6DHCIMTEHRP1TXCTIAJFGMT573PHK-01716) New York : Pioneer Publishers, 1948\n* [*Too many babies? a Marxist answer to some frightening questions ...*](http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&forebear_coll=&user=GUEST&pds_handle=&pid=2683666&con_lng=ENG&search_terms=Hansen%2C%20Joseph&adjacency=N&rd_session=http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/R/SMBUGDQDXHPE2XN6E99DC6DHCIMTEHRP1TXCTIAJFGMT573PHK-02147) New York : Pioneer Publishers, 1960\n* [*The truth about Cuba*](https://archive.org/details/TheTruthAboutCuba) New York, Pioneer Publishers, 1960\n* [*In defense of the Cuban revolution: an answer to the State Department and Theodore Draper.*](https://archive.org/details/InDefenseOfTheCubanRevolutionAnAnswerToTheStateDepartmentAnd) New York, Pioneer Publishers, 1961\n* [*The theory of the Cuban Revolution*](https://archive.org/details/TheTheoryOfTheCubanRevolution) \\[New York] : Pioneer Publishers for the Socialist Workers Party, 1962\n* [*Trotskyism and the Cuban revolution: an answer to Hoy*](http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&forebear_coll=&user=GUEST&pds_handle=&pid=370374&con_lng=ENG&search_terms=Hansen%2C%20Joseph&adjacency=N&rd_session=http://digitool.fcla.edu:80/R/SMBUGDQDXHPE2XN6E99DC6DHCIMTEHRP1TXCTIAJFGMT573PHK-01209) New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1962\n* [*Khrushchev's downfall. A statement by the United Secretariat of the Fourth International; New Deepening of the Sino\\-Soviet Rift?*](https://archive.org/details/KhrushchevsDownfall.AStatementByTheUnitedSecretariatOfTheFourth) New York : Pioneer Publishers, 1964\n* *Healy \"reconstructs\" the Fourth International documents and comments by participants in fiasco* (preface) New York: Socialist Workers Party 1966\n* *The catastrophe in Indonesia; three articles on the fatal consequences of Communist party policy.* (introduction) New York: Merit Publishers 1966\n* *Behind China's great cultural revolution* by [Shu\\-tse Peng](/wiki/Shu-tse_Peng \"Shu-tse Peng\") (contributor) New York: Merit Publishers 1967\n* *The Nature of the Cuban revolution: record of a controversy, 1960\\-1963* New York: National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1968\n* *Leon Trotsky: the man and his work. Reminiscences and appraisals,* (contributor) New York: Merit Publishers 1969\n* *The population explosion: how socialists view it* New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970 (revised edition of *Too many babies*)\n* *The Abern clique* New York: National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1972\n* *Nixon's Moscow and Peking Summits: their meaning for Vietnam* (with [Caroline Lund](/wiki/Caroline_Lund \"Caroline Lund\")) New York: Pathfinder Press, 1972\n* *A Revolutionary strategy for the 70s; documents of the Socialist Workers Party.* (contributor) New York: Pathfinder Press, 1972\n* *The workers and farmers government* New York: National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1974\n* *Marxism vs. ultraleftism: the record of Healy's break with Trotskyism* by [Ernest Germain](/wiki/Ernest_Germain \"Ernest Germain\") (introduction) New York: National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1974\n* *Healy's big lie: the slander campaign against Joseph Hansen, George Novack, and the Fourth International: statements and articles* National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1976\n* *What is American fascism?: writings on Father Coughlin, Mayor Frank Hague, and Senator Joseph McCarthy* (with James Cannon) National Education Dept., Socialist Workers Party 1976\n* *Dynamics of the Cuban revolution: the Trotskyist view* New York: Pathfinder Press, 1978\n* *The Leninist strategy of party building: the debate on guerrilla warfare in Latin America* New York: Pathfinder Press, 1979\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n* [Joseph Hansen Archive](https://www.marxists.org/archive/hansen/index.htm) at marxists.org.\n* [*What the Record Really Shows: The Test of the Cuban Revolution*](http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/document/swp-us/testofcuba.htm) by Joseph Hansen. *International Socialist Review* January 1965\\.\n* [Bio\\-bibliographical sketch of Joseph Hansen](http://www.trotskyana.net/Trotskyists/Bio-Bibliographies/bio-bibliographies.html) at the *Lubitz TrotskyanaNet*.\n[Category:1910 births](/wiki/Category:1910_births \"1910 births\")\n[Category:1979 deaths](/wiki/Category:1979_deaths \"1979 deaths\")\n[Category:People from Richfield, Utah](/wiki/Category:People_from_Richfield%2C_Utah \"People from Richfield, Utah\")\n[Category:American people of Norwegian descent](/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Norwegian_descent \"American people of Norwegian descent\")\n[Category:Members of the Communist League of America](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Communist_League_of_America \"Members of the Communist League of America\")\n[Category:Members of the Workers Party of the United States](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Workers_Party_of_the_United_States \"Members of the Workers Party of the United States\")\n[Category:Members of the Socialist Party of America](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Socialist_Party_of_America \"Members of the Socialist Party of America\")\n[Category:Members of the Socialist Workers Party (United States)](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Socialist_Workers_Party_%28United_States%29 \"Members of the Socialist Workers Party (United States)\")\n[Category:Marxist journalists](/wiki/Category:Marxist_journalists \"Marxist journalists\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Dinna Bjørn
|
{
"id": [
2842084
],
"name": [
"Jevansen"
]
}
|
scj7z8xjzlbsviyifr88ucx8c7wanct
|
2023-08-13T03:04:03Z
| 1,155,593,805 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Early life",
"Career",
"Dancing",
"Teaching",
"Choreography",
"Director",
"Awards",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
3,
3,
3,
3,
2,
2
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"content": [
"\n\n**Dinna Bjørn** (born 14 February 1947\\) is a Danish [ballet dancer](/wiki/Ballet_dancer \"Ballet dancer\") and [choreographer](/wiki/Choreography_%28dance%29 \"Choreography (dance)\"). She has specialized dancing and directing the ballets of [August Bournonville](/wiki/August_Bournonville \"August Bournonville\"). Bjørn has also created five [Hans Christian Andersen](/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen \"Hans Christian Andersen\") ballets for the [Pantomime Theatre](/wiki/Pantomime_Theatre \"Pantomime Theatre\") in Copenhagen's [Tivoli](/wiki/Tivoli_Gardens \"Tivoli Gardens\").\n\n",
"Early life\n----------\n\nBorn in Copenhagen, she is the daughter of the concert pianist [Elvi Henriksen](/wiki/Elvi_Henriksen \"Elvi Henriksen\") and of ballet master [Niels Bjørn Larsen](/wiki/Niels_Bj%C3%B8rn_Larsen \"Niels Bjørn Larsen\"). When she was nine she danced at the [Pantomime Theatre](/wiki/Pantomimeteatret \"Pantomimeteatret\") in the [Tivoli Gardens](/wiki/Tivoli_Gardens \"Tivoli Gardens\"). She studied privately under [Hans Brenaa](/wiki/Hans_Brenaa \"Hans Brenaa\") and later under prima ballerina Edite Feifere Frandsen from Latvia who trained her using the [Vaganova method](/wiki/Vaganova_method \"Vaganova method\").\n\n",
"Career\n------\n\n### Dancing\n\nOn entering the [Royal Danish Ballet School](/wiki/Royal_Danish_Ballet \"Royal Danish Ballet\"), she learned the techniques of Bournonville ballet with such ease that she immediately joined the company, making her début in 1966 when she was 16 in [Jerome Robbins](/wiki/Jerome_Robbins \"Jerome Robbins\")' (*[Afternoon of a Faun](/wiki/Afternoon_of_a_Faun_%28Robbins%29 \"Afternoon of a Faun (Robbins)\")*). She also performed in [David Lichine](/wiki/David_Lichine \"David Lichine\")'s *[Graduation Ball](/wiki/Graduation_Ball \"Graduation Ball\")*. Her real breakthrough came in 1971 when she danced Clara in *[The Nutcracker](/wiki/The_Nutcracker \"The Nutcracker\")*, specially choreographed for her by [Flemming Flindt](/wiki/Flemming_Flindt \"Flemming Flindt\").\n\nBjørn has performed particularly well in a number of Bournonville's ballets, including the title role in *[La Sylphide](/wiki/La_Sylphide \"La Sylphide\")* and Eleonore and Johanna in *Kermes in Bruges*. Among other principal roles were the First Pas de deux in [Rudi van Dantzig](/wiki/Rudi_van_Dantzig \"Rudi van Dantzig\")'s *Vier Letzte Lieder* and the title role in [Michel Fokine](/wiki/Michel_Fokine \"Michel Fokine\")'s *[Petrushka](/wiki/Petrushka_%28ballet%29 \"Petrushka (ballet)\")*. She also performed *[Cinderella](/wiki/Cinderella_%28Prokofiev%29 \"Cinderella (Prokofiev)\")* in Norfolk, Virginia, and *[Giselle](/wiki/Giselle \"Giselle\")* at the 1988 Odense Festival.\n\n### Teaching\n\nFrom 1975, Bjørn began to teach, both at the Royal Theatre's ballet school and on summer courses with [Birger Bartholm](/wiki/Birger_Bartholm \"Birger Bartholm\"). She has also conducted Bournonville classes in North and South America, in Asia and throughout Europe, helping to spread the tradition. She headed [Frank Andersen](/wiki/Frank_Andersen \"Frank Andersen\")'s Bournonville Group from 1985 until it was dissolved in 1989\\. Bjørn is now the patron of honor of the European School of ballet in Amsterdam teaching regularly Bournonville’s repertoire.\n\n### Choreography\n\nEven as a young dancer, Bjørn began to work as a choreographer at the Royal Theatre, beginning with the ballet *8\\+1*, for which she composed the music herself, followed by *Sommerfuglemasken* (1975\\) and *Hat\\-Trick* (1985\\). In 1971, she choreographed *Anatomisk safari* with music by [Per Nørgård](/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd \"Per Nørgård\") at Copenhagen's [Det Ny Teater](/wiki/Det_Ny_Teater \"Det Ny Teater\"). It was the beginning of an extended period of cooperation with Nørgård from 1976 to 1982 during which, together with her *Dinna Bjørns Dansegruppe* and the percussion band *Sol og Måne*, she choreographed [divertimenti](/wiki/Divertimenti \"Divertimenti\") for his works. These included *Den tredje tilstand*, *Wölfli revy*, *Det guddommelige tivoli*, and *Siddharta*. As a choreographer, she has also created five Hans Christian Andersen ballets for Tivoli's Pantomime Theatre for which [Queen Margrethe](/wiki/Margrethe_II_of_Denmark \"Margrethe II of Denmark\") designed the décor and costumes. They are *Kærlighed i skarnkassen* (*Love in the Dustbin*, 2001\\), *Thumbelina* (2005\\), *Fyrtøjet* (*The Tinderbox*, 2007\\), *Svinedrengen* (*The Swineherd*, 2009\\) and *Den standhaftige Tinsoldat* (*[The Steadfast Tin Soldier](/wiki/The_Steadfast_Tin_Soldier_%28ballet%29 \"The Steadfast Tin Soldier (ballet)\")*, 2013\\).\n\n### Director\n\nIn 1990, she was appointed artistic director of the [Norwegian National Ballet](/wiki/Norwegian_National_Opera_and_Ballet \"Norwegian National Opera and Ballet\"), for whom she choreographed a new production of *The Nutcracker*, and in 2001, she became ballet mistress for the [Finnish National Ballet](/wiki/Finnish_National_Ballet \"Finnish National Ballet\"). From 1997 to 2000, she was also Bournonville Consultant for the Royal Danish Ballet. She has gained a reputation as an international authority on Bournonville.\n\n",
"### Dancing\n\nOn entering the [Royal Danish Ballet School](/wiki/Royal_Danish_Ballet \"Royal Danish Ballet\"), she learned the techniques of Bournonville ballet with such ease that she immediately joined the company, making her début in 1966 when she was 16 in [Jerome Robbins](/wiki/Jerome_Robbins \"Jerome Robbins\")' (*[Afternoon of a Faun](/wiki/Afternoon_of_a_Faun_%28Robbins%29 \"Afternoon of a Faun (Robbins)\")*). She also performed in [David Lichine](/wiki/David_Lichine \"David Lichine\")'s *[Graduation Ball](/wiki/Graduation_Ball \"Graduation Ball\")*. Her real breakthrough came in 1971 when she danced Clara in *[The Nutcracker](/wiki/The_Nutcracker \"The Nutcracker\")*, specially choreographed for her by [Flemming Flindt](/wiki/Flemming_Flindt \"Flemming Flindt\").\n\nBjørn has performed particularly well in a number of Bournonville's ballets, including the title role in *[La Sylphide](/wiki/La_Sylphide \"La Sylphide\")* and Eleonore and Johanna in *Kermes in Bruges*. Among other principal roles were the First Pas de deux in [Rudi van Dantzig](/wiki/Rudi_van_Dantzig \"Rudi van Dantzig\")'s *Vier Letzte Lieder* and the title role in [Michel Fokine](/wiki/Michel_Fokine \"Michel Fokine\")'s *[Petrushka](/wiki/Petrushka_%28ballet%29 \"Petrushka (ballet)\")*. She also performed *[Cinderella](/wiki/Cinderella_%28Prokofiev%29 \"Cinderella (Prokofiev)\")* in Norfolk, Virginia, and *[Giselle](/wiki/Giselle \"Giselle\")* at the 1988 Odense Festival.\n\n",
"### Teaching\n\nFrom 1975, Bjørn began to teach, both at the Royal Theatre's ballet school and on summer courses with [Birger Bartholm](/wiki/Birger_Bartholm \"Birger Bartholm\"). She has also conducted Bournonville classes in North and South America, in Asia and throughout Europe, helping to spread the tradition. She headed [Frank Andersen](/wiki/Frank_Andersen \"Frank Andersen\")'s Bournonville Group from 1985 until it was dissolved in 1989\\. Bjørn is now the patron of honor of the European School of ballet in Amsterdam teaching regularly Bournonville’s repertoire.\n\n",
"### Choreography\n\nEven as a young dancer, Bjørn began to work as a choreographer at the Royal Theatre, beginning with the ballet *8\\+1*, for which she composed the music herself, followed by *Sommerfuglemasken* (1975\\) and *Hat\\-Trick* (1985\\). In 1971, she choreographed *Anatomisk safari* with music by [Per Nørgård](/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd \"Per Nørgård\") at Copenhagen's [Det Ny Teater](/wiki/Det_Ny_Teater \"Det Ny Teater\"). It was the beginning of an extended period of cooperation with Nørgård from 1976 to 1982 during which, together with her *Dinna Bjørns Dansegruppe* and the percussion band *Sol og Måne*, she choreographed [divertimenti](/wiki/Divertimenti \"Divertimenti\") for his works. These included *Den tredje tilstand*, *Wölfli revy*, *Det guddommelige tivoli*, and *Siddharta*. As a choreographer, she has also created five Hans Christian Andersen ballets for Tivoli's Pantomime Theatre for which [Queen Margrethe](/wiki/Margrethe_II_of_Denmark \"Margrethe II of Denmark\") designed the décor and costumes. They are *Kærlighed i skarnkassen* (*Love in the Dustbin*, 2001\\), *Thumbelina* (2005\\), *Fyrtøjet* (*The Tinderbox*, 2007\\), *Svinedrengen* (*The Swineherd*, 2009\\) and *Den standhaftige Tinsoldat* (*[The Steadfast Tin Soldier](/wiki/The_Steadfast_Tin_Soldier_%28ballet%29 \"The Steadfast Tin Soldier (ballet)\")*, 2013\\).\n\n",
"### Director\n\nIn 1990, she was appointed artistic director of the [Norwegian National Ballet](/wiki/Norwegian_National_Opera_and_Ballet \"Norwegian National Opera and Ballet\"), for whom she choreographed a new production of *The Nutcracker*, and in 2001, she became ballet mistress for the [Finnish National Ballet](/wiki/Finnish_National_Ballet \"Finnish National Ballet\"). From 1997 to 2000, she was also Bournonville Consultant for the Royal Danish Ballet. She has gained a reputation as an international authority on Bournonville.\n\n",
"Awards\n------\n\nDinna Bjørn has received the Danish [Order of the Dannebrog](/wiki/Order_of_the_Dannebrog \"Order of the Dannebrog\"), the Finnish [Order of The White Rose](/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Rose_of_Finland \"Order of the White Rose of Finland\"), and the [Royal Norwegian Order of Merit](/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Order_of_Merit \"Royal Norwegian Order of Merit\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:1947 births](/wiki/Category:1947_births \"1947 births\")\n[Category:Danish ballerinas](/wiki/Category:Danish_ballerinas \"Danish ballerinas\")\n[Category:Danish choreographers](/wiki/Category:Danish_choreographers \"Danish choreographers\")\n[Category:Ballet choreographers](/wiki/Category:Ballet_choreographers \"Ballet choreographers\")\n[Category:Ballet mistresses](/wiki/Category:Ballet_mistresses \"Ballet mistresses\")\n[Category:Dancers from Copenhagen](/wiki/Category:Dancers_from_Copenhagen \"Dancers from Copenhagen\")\n[Category:Order of the Dannebrog](/wiki/Category:Order_of_the_Dannebrog \"Order of the Dannebrog\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Royal Danish Ballet dancers](/wiki/Category:Royal_Danish_Ballet_dancers \"Royal Danish Ballet dancers\")\n[Category:Danish women choreographers](/wiki/Category:Danish_women_choreographers \"Danish women choreographers\")\n[Category:20th\\-century Danish ballet dancers](/wiki/Category:20th-century_Danish_ballet_dancers \"20th-century Danish ballet dancers\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Fighting Creek Plantation
|
{
"id": [
12311825
],
"name": [
"Bamyers99"
]
}
|
dku0bl0ek6lszbq9uzfruh4jl0oy6p2
|
2024-10-08T20:53:59Z
| 1,090,193,820 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThe **Fighting Creek Plantation** is a historic plantation house at 1811 Mill Quarter Road in [Powhatan, Virginia](/wiki/Powhatan%2C_Virginia \"Powhatan, Virginia\"). It is one of a few surviving mid\\-19th century plantation houses in the state. The two story stucco manor house was built c. 1841, supposedly to a design by New York architect [Alexander Jackson Davis](/wiki/Alexander_Jackson_Davis \"Alexander Jackson Davis\"). It was built for John Brockenbrough Harvie and his wife as the main house of their nearly plantation. The property now associated with the house has been reduced to just . Its main facade features a two\\-story portico with square Doric columns, topped by a pedimented gable. On each level under the portico there is a door, with round\\-arch windows flanking it on either side.\n\nThe property was added to the [National Register of Historic Places](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places \"National Register of Historic Places\") in 2013\\.\n[left\\|thumb\\|Colorized photo, c. 1890](/wiki/File:Fighting_Creek_Colorized_Photo_Ca_1890_Nickolls.jpg \"Fighting Creek Colorized Photo Ca 1890 Nickolls.jpg\")\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [National Register of Historic Places listings in Powhatan County, Virginia](/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Powhatan_County%2C_Virginia \"National Register of Historic Places listings in Powhatan County, Virginia\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia](/wiki/Category:Houses_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Virginia \"Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia\")\n[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Virginia](/wiki/Category:Neoclassical_architecture_in_Virginia \"Neoclassical architecture in Virginia\")\n[Category:Houses completed in 1841](/wiki/Category:Houses_completed_in_1841 \"Houses completed in 1841\")\n[Category:Houses in Powhatan County, Virginia](/wiki/Category:Houses_in_Powhatan_County%2C_Virginia \"Houses in Powhatan County, Virginia\")\n[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Powhatan County, Virginia](/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Powhatan_County%2C_Virginia \"National Register of Historic Places in Powhatan County, Virginia\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
[[Orco]]
|
{
"id": [
25807041
],
"name": [
"ProboscideaRubber15"
]
}
|
1uyfof4pcd1vvr18beijkj1maa9x1il
|
2022-12-17T22:52:27Z
| 745,394,993 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"[[Orco]]",
"See also"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"**[Orco](/wiki/Orco \"Orco\")** is an Italian river.\n\n**Orco** may also refer to:\n* [ORCO](/wiki/ORCO \"ORCO\"), French real estate development company\n* [Orco Valley](/wiki/Orco_Valley \"Orco Valley\") (Italian: Valle dell'Orco), is a valley in the Piedmont region of northern Italy located in the Graian Alps\n* [Orco Feglino](/wiki/Orco_Feglino \"Orco Feglino\"), comune in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria\n* [Odorant receptor co\\-receptor (Or83b)](/wiki/Or83b_odorant_receptor \"Or83b odorant receptor\"), also known as Orco\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Orko (disambiguation)](/wiki/Orko_%28disambiguation%29 \"Orko (disambiguation)\")\n* [Orcus (disambiguation)](/wiki/Orcus_%28disambiguation%29 \"Orcus (disambiguation)\")\n* [Oreco](/wiki/Oreco \"Oreco\") (1932–1985\\)\n\n"
]
}
|
List of ghost towns in New Hampshire
|
{
"id": [
37664675
],
"name": [
"DB1729"
]
}
|
8v44hskmn2v4o2yr4bmcwnie6cyz3e8
|
2024-05-29T22:34:11Z
| 1,215,557,722 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nThis is an incomplete **list of [ghost towns](/wiki/Ghost_town \"Ghost town\") in [New Hampshire](/wiki/New_Hampshire \"New Hampshire\")**:\n\n* [Beebe River](/wiki/Beebe_River%2C_New_Hampshire \"Beebe River, New Hampshire\")\n* [Carrigain](/wiki/Carrigain%2C_New_Hampshire \"Carrigain, New Hampshire\")\n* [East Weare](/wiki/Weare%2C_New_Hampshire%23History \"Weare, New Hampshire#History\")\n* [Gosport](/wiki/Isles_of_Shoals%23Star_Island \"Isles of Shoals#Star Island\")Alonzo Fogg; The Statistics and Gazetteer of New Hampshire, D.L. Guernsey, 1874\n* [Johnson](/wiki/Johnson%2C_New_Hampshire \"Johnson, New Hampshire\")\n* [Kilkenny](/wiki/Kilkenny%2C_New_Hampshire \"Kilkenny, New Hampshire\")\n* [Little Canada](/wiki/Little_Canada%2C_New_Hampshire \"Little Canada, New Hampshire\")\n* [Livermore](/wiki/Livermore%2C_New_Hampshire \"Livermore, New Hampshire\")\n* [Monson](/wiki/Monson%2C_New_Hampshire \"Monson, New Hampshire\")\n* [Old Hill Village](/wiki/Old_Hill_Village%2C_New_Hampshire \"Old Hill Village, New Hampshire\")\n* [True Francestown](/wiki/True_Francestown%2C_New_Hampshire \"True Francestown, New Hampshire\")\n* [Zealand](/wiki/Carroll%2C_New_Hampshire%23Zealand \"Carroll, New Hampshire#Zealand\")\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [Defunct placenames of New Hampshire](/wiki/Defunct_placenames_of_New_Hampshire \"Defunct placenames of New Hampshire\")\n* [New Milford, New Hampshire](/wiki/White_Pine_Series_of_Architectural_Monographs \"White Pine Series of Architectural Monographs\"), a fictional ghost town, created as a hoax\n* New Hampshire historical markers:\n\t+ [No. 143](/wiki/List_of_New_Hampshire_historical_markers_%28126%E2%80%93150%29%23143 \"List of New Hampshire historical markers (126–150)#143\"): East Weare Village\n\t+ [No. 185](/wiki/List_of_New_Hampshire_historical_markers_%28176%E2%80%93200%29%23185 \"List of New Hampshire historical markers (176–200)#185\"): Willowdale Settlement\n\t+ [No. 198](/wiki/List_of_New_Hampshire_historical_markers_%28176%E2%80%93200%29%23198 \"List of New Hampshire historical markers (176–200)#198\"): Alderbrook\n\t+ [No. 200](/wiki/List_of_New_Hampshire_historical_markers_%28176%E2%80%93200%29%23200 \"List of New Hampshire historical markers (176–200)#200\"): Wildwood\n\t+ [No. 233](/wiki/List_of_New_Hampshire_historical_markers_%28226%E2%80%93250%29%23233 \"List of New Hampshire historical markers (226–250)#233\"): Zealand and James Everell Henry\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[New Hampshire](/wiki/Category:Lists_of_ghost_towns_in_the_United_States \"Lists of ghost towns in the United States\")\n[Ghost towns](/wiki/Category:New_Hampshire_geography-related_lists \"New Hampshire geography-related lists\")\n[Ghost towns](/wiki/Category:New_Hampshire_history-related_lists \"New Hampshire history-related lists\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Nancy Long Creek
|
{
"id": [
37991216
],
"name": [
"1ctinus"
]
}
|
tj0t8b3kzufjqdttfrlfazlihj6edxf
|
2024-08-06T18:16:33Z
| 1,204,226,430 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n**Nancy Long Creek** is a [stream](/wiki/Stream \"Stream\") in [Douglas County](/wiki/Douglas_County%2C_Georgia \"Douglas County, Georgia\"), [Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_%28USA%29 \"Georgia (USA)\"), [United States](/wiki/United_States \"United States\"). It has an elevation of , and connects to [Windy Valley Lake](/wiki/Windy_Valley_Lake \"Windy Valley Lake\"), a small lake to the southeast of [Villa Rica](/wiki/Villa_Rica%2C_Georgia \"Villa Rica, Georgia\"). The creek has a length of .\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n \n\n[Category:Rivers of Georgia (U.S. state)](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 \"Rivers of Georgia (U.S. state)\")\n[Category:Rivers of Douglas County, Georgia](/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Douglas_County%2C_Georgia \"Rivers of Douglas County, Georgia\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
Yvonne Kainuku
|
{
"id": [
null
],
"name": [
"2A00:F41:3443:DA3D:2DD8:6F53:E819:596C"
]
}
|
nrj2uvyfuv6vj4tn024z1f7tu3n02z1
|
2024-03-12T13:49:07Z
| 1,020,533,022 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References",
"External links"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n**Yvonne Joan Kainuku** (born 1968\\) is a New Zealand former [cricketer](/wiki/Cricket \"Cricket\") who played as a right\\-arm [fast\\-medium](/wiki/Fast_bowling \"Fast bowling\") [broiler](/wiki/Bowling_%28cricket%29 \"Bowling (cricket)\"). She appeared in 1 [Test match](/wiki/Women%27s_Test_cricket \"Women's Test cricket\") and 2 [One Day Internationals](/wiki/Women%27s_One_Day_International \"Women's One Day International\") for [New Zealand](/wiki/New_Zealand_women%27s_national_cricket_team \"New Zealand women's national cricket team\") in 1992\\. She played domestic cricket for [Auckland](/wiki/Auckland_Hearts \"Auckland Hearts\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n",
"External links\n--------------\n\n[Category:1968 births](/wiki/Category:1968_births \"1968 births\")\n[Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people \"Living people\")\n[Category:Cricketers from Auckland](/wiki/Category:Cricketers_from_Auckland \"Cricketers from Auckland\")\n[Category:New Zealand women cricketers](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_women_cricketers \"New Zealand women cricketers\")\n[Category:New Zealand women Test cricketers](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_women_Test_cricketers \"New Zealand women Test cricketers\")\n[Category:New Zealand women One Day International cricketers](/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_women_One_Day_International_cricketers \"New Zealand women One Day International cricketers\")\n[Category:Auckland Hearts cricketers](/wiki/Category:Auckland_Hearts_cricketers \"Auckland Hearts cricketers\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Bucculatrix clerotheta
|
{
"id": [
35936988
],
"name": [
"JJMC89 bot III"
]
}
|
kimmze4ta3kecy7kz86sy4ul50ua8ay
|
2021-05-18T21:35:58Z
| 932,399,482 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\n***Bucculatrix clerotheta*** is a [moth](/wiki/Moth \"Moth\") in the family [Bucculatricidae](/wiki/Bucculatricidae \"Bucculatricidae\"). It was described in 1915 by [Edward Meyrick](/wiki/Edward_Meyrick \"Edward Meyrick\"). It is found in [India](/wiki/India \"India\").\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n* [Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog](http://www.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/butmoth/GenusList3.dsml?searchPageURL=index.dsml&SUPERFAMIL=&FAMILYqtype=starts+with&FAMILY=arctiidae&SUBFAMILYqtype=starts+with&SUBFAMILY=&TRIBEqtype=starts+with&TRIBE=&SUBTRIBEqtype=starts+with&SUBTRIBE=&GENUSqtype=starts+with&GENUS=&AUTHORqtype=starts+with&AUTHOR=&YEARqtype=equals&YEAR=&sort=GENUS)\n\n[Category:Bucculatricidae](/wiki/Category:Bucculatricidae \"Bucculatricidae\")\n[Category:Moths described in 1915](/wiki/Category:Moths_described_in_1915 \"Moths described in 1915\")\n[Category:Taxa named by Edward Meyrick](/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Edward_Meyrick \"Taxa named by Edward Meyrick\")\n[Category:Moths of Asia](/wiki/Category:Moths_of_Asia \"Moths of Asia\")\n\n \n\n"
]
}
|
2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
|
{
"id": [
43306454
],
"name": [
"The Green Star Collector"
]
}
|
7n3efzjftiafyfupsan1em9cfdwpt0h
|
2024-07-10T15:05:16Z
| 1,193,128,844 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Shootout",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2
],
"content": [
"\n\nOn 18 April 2014, a group of sixteen [Chinese](/wiki/China \"China\") citizens, later identified as ethnic [Uyghurs](/wiki/Uyghurs \"Uyghurs\"), engaged in a shootout with [Vietnamese border guards](/wiki/Vietnam_Border_Guard \"Vietnam Border Guard\") after seizing their guns as they were being detained to be returned to China. Five Uyghurs and two Vietnamese border guards died in the incident. Ten of the Uyghur perpetrators were men and the rest were women or children.\n\n",
"Shootout\n--------\n\nThe confrontation began after the guards detained a group of Uyghur [illegal migrants](/wiki/Illegal_immigration \"Illegal immigration\") inside a border post around noon, with the intention of returning them to the Chinese authorities. Some of the migrants grabbed one or more [AK\\-47](/wiki/AK-47 \"AK-47\") assault rifles from the guards and opened fire on them.\n\nHundreds of police officers and border guards surrounded the building during the standoff and urged the migrants inside to surrender. Some of the migrants who died had committed suicide, while the others were shot dead by Vietnamese police officers and border guards.\n\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:History of Vietnam (1945–present)](/wiki/Category:History_of_Vietnam_%281945%E2%80%93present%29 \"History of Vietnam (1945–present)\")\n[Category:Crime in Vietnam](/wiki/Category:Crime_in_Vietnam \"Crime in Vietnam\")\n[Category:Battles involving Vietnam](/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_Vietnam \"Battles involving Vietnam\")\n[Category:Conflicts in 2014](/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_2014 \"Conflicts in 2014\")\n[Category:2014 in international relations](/wiki/Category:2014_in_international_relations \"2014 in international relations\")\n[Category:2014 in Vietnam](/wiki/Category:2014_in_Vietnam \"2014 in Vietnam\")\n[Category:2014 in China](/wiki/Category:2014_in_China \"2014 in China\")\n[Category:China–Vietnam border](/wiki/Category:China%E2%80%93Vietnam_border \"China–Vietnam border\")\n[Category:Xinjiang conflict](/wiki/Category:Xinjiang_conflict \"Xinjiang conflict\")\n[Category:Attacks in Asia in 2014](/wiki/Category:Attacks_in_Asia_in_2014 \"Attacks in Asia in 2014\")\n[Category:2014 crimes in Vietnam](/wiki/Category:2014_crimes_in_Vietnam \"2014 crimes in Vietnam\")\n[Category:Attacks in China in 2014](/wiki/Category:Attacks_in_China_in_2014 \"Attacks in China in 2014\")\n[Category:Attacks in Vietnam](/wiki/Category:Attacks_in_Vietnam \"Attacks in Vietnam\")\n[Category:2014 crimes in China](/wiki/Category:2014_crimes_in_China \"2014 crimes in China\")\n[Category:Shootout](/wiki/Category:Shootout \"Shootout\")\n\n"
]
}
|
Medieval contraception
|
{
"id": [
1535071
],
"name": [
"MichaelMaggs"
]
}
|
ellt0iq42tjm6gzwgq0z6kaz7oi8tze
|
2024-08-25T15:39:30Z
| 1,240,757,529 | 0 |
{
"title": [
"Introduction",
"Spermicidal",
"Plant Based Oral Contraceptives",
"Physical Contraceptive Barriers",
"Behaviors",
"''Coitus interruptus''",
"The Catholic Church",
"See also",
"References"
],
"level": [
1,
2,
2,
2,
2,
3,
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2
],
"content": [
"\n**Medieval contraception** is a debated topic among historians, though methods of contraception have been developed not just in modern times. In ancient times, women attempted to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy with various means and practices, as evidenced by ancient records. Ancient and medieval manuscripts provide glimpses into diverse birth control practices.\n\n",
"Spermicidal\n-----------\n\nAs the first official record of contraception, an Egyptian spermicidal recipe from the period around 1525 BC was to \"mix grated Acacia leaves and honey and soak a gauze bandage to be inserted into the vagina.\"Birgit Seyr: prevent with plants. About the rediscovery of an ancient tradition of self\\-directed birth control. Ampass 2009\\. This type of contraceptive tampon could have had a spermicidal effect due to the acacia lactic acid contained in the sap which is proven effective as a spermicide.\n\n",
"Plant Based Oral Contraceptives\n-------------------------------\n\nMost of the indigenous peoples around the world, as well as from European antiquity all the way to the [Middle Ages](/wiki/Middle_Ages \"Middle Ages\"), contain linkages to point to the use of plant based oral contraceptives. This type of contraception is currently regaining attention in some scientific and historian circles.John Riddle: Eve's herbs:. a history of contraception and abortion in the West Harvard University Press, 1997\\.John Riddle: Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, inter alia, 1992\\. Plant\\-based contraceptives and abortifacient drugs may have been widely used in antiquity and the Middle Ages, but much knowledge about ancient forms of medicinal contraception appears to have vanished.Oral Contraceptives in Ancient and Medieval Times John M. Riddle and J. Worth Estes, American Scientist . Vol. 80, No. 3 (May–June 1992\\), pp. 226\\-233 Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society. Because of this, plant\\-based oral contraception in history is often contested, though archaeological and written record shows evidence that drugs were a reliable way to prevent conception or even induce early\\-term abortions.Birgit Seyr: prevent with plants. About the rediscovery of an ancient tradition of self\\-directed birth control. Ampass 2009\\. Their absence from many historical texts could be due to their likely presence in anti\\-fertility lore which was almost exclusively limited to midwives as professionals. These bits of folklore, combined with archaeological written records, allude to what was likely a “thriving oral culture of contraception.”Oral Contraceptives in Ancient and Medieval Times John M. Riddle and J. Worth Estes, American Scientist . Vol. 80, No. 3 (May–June 1992\\), pp. 226\\-233 Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society. [Silphium](/wiki/Silphium_%28antiquity%29 \"Silphium (antiquity)\") was a plant that grew in the hills near the Greek city\\-state of [Cyrene, Libya](/wiki/Cyrene%2C_Libya \"Cyrene, Libya\"), located in [North Africa](/wiki/North_Africa \"North Africa\"). This plant was one example of an oral contraceptive in ancient times, based partly on Pliny's statement that it could be used \"to promote the menstrual discharge.\"Did the ancient Romans use a natural herb for birth control?, Straight Dope, 13 October 2006\\.\n\n",
"Physical Contraceptive Barriers\n-------------------------------\n\nThe ancient philosopher [Aristotle](/wiki/Aristotle \"Aristotle\") wrote in The History of Animals VII, part 3 (350 B.C.E) that to avoid conception women must prevent the \"womb\" from coming in contact with the male sperm by rubbing it with cedar oil, lead ointment or incense, mixed with olive oil. The lead ointment was highly toxic, but the oil was proven to decrease sperm mobility by [Marie Stopes](/wiki/Marie_Stopes \"Marie Stopes\") in the 1930s. Around 300 AD saw the introduction of the [contraceptive sponge](/wiki/Contraceptive_sponge \"Contraceptive sponge\") which was inserted into the vagina, so as to prevent conception by absorbing the semen. An Indian prevention recipe from the 8th Century has survived throughout time. The cervical opening was brushed with a mixture of honey and ghee and is then rubbed or mixed with oil rock salt and used to physically block semen. The sticky honey likely reduced sperm motility, and rock salt is now regarded as a spermicide. The works of Iranian author Ibn Sina (980\\-1037\\), also known as [Avicenna](/wiki/Avicenna \"Avicenna\"), has shown to have had 20 different contraceptives in his medical encyclopedia.\n\n",
"Behaviors\n---------\n\nWhile physical methods of contraception were likely present due to their presence and referencing in historical texts, there are also some purposeful behaviors thought to be utilized in preventing unwanted pregnancy. These methods could have been used either out of personal preference, or with heavy influence from religion. Likely the most common used and easiest to hide from the church at the time was coitus interruptus.\n\n### *Coitus interruptus*\n\n*[Coitus interruptus](/wiki/Coitus_interruptus \"Coitus interruptus\")* is an example of a contraceptive behavior utilized in Medieval times. This is the case with onanism, which is clearly distinguished from masturbation. In the biblical telling, Onan was unwilling to procreate with Tamar, so he withdrew before climax and “spilled his seed on the ground”.Sex Education in Medieval Christianity.Vern L. Bullough\nThe Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Aug., 1977\\), pp. 185\\-196 Published by: Taylor \\& Francis, Ltd. Masturbation is seen as a form of self arousal, while onanism was viewed as a form of contraception. U.S. judge [John T. Noonan](/wiki/John_T._Noonan \"John T. Noonan\") has written extensively on this topic and believed that the first, certain dated reference to onanism appeared in the ninth century.Sex Education in Medieval Christianity.Vern L. Bullough The Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Aug., 1977\\), pp. 185\\-196\\. Published by: Taylor \\& Francis, Ltd. At the beginning, practices of *coitus interruptus* has been linked to circles of prostitution and illicit love affairs within the Middle Ages.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society From there, it took the decisive step towards widespread practice and began entering into conventional sexual relationships, such as marriage. The trigger of this development – assuming other mental and moral conditions – was provided by economic hardship.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society Population control was not a brand new topic during the time. \"If too many children are being born,\" stated the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, writing of the ideal city, \"there are measures to check propagation.\"Medieval Population. Josiah Cox Russell, Social Forces, Vol. 15, No. 4 (May, 1937\\), pp. 503\\-511\\. Published by: Oxford University Press Medieval demography has been linked to the church's teaching on birth control. Demographic statistics of the early fifteenth century provide evidence that married couples were limiting the number of offspring they had, likely with such methods as *coitus interruptus*. This was particularly true with poor couples and in periods of economic hardship.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society The purposeful prevention of pregnancy is brought into juxtaposition with the church's moralist denunciation of contraception.\n\n### The Catholic Church\n\nThe [Catholic Church](/wiki/Catholic_Church \"Catholic Church\") sees procreation as an essential end of marriage, and entering into an intentionally childless marriage nullifies the sacrament of matrimony.[N. E. Himes](/wiki/Norman_E._Himes \"Norman E. Himes\"), *Medical History of Contraception* (Baltimore, 1936\\), pp. 135\\-169; \"Medical History of Contraception,\" New England Journal. This goes back as far as [Pope Gregory IX](/wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX \"Pope Gregory IX\") and his [decretal](/wiki/Decretal \"Decretal\") dating from between 1227 and 1234 which declared that marriages contracted by parties intending to avoid having offspring were *ipso facto* null.Decretales Gregorii IX, iv. 5\\. 78 (Corpus Juris Canonici, ed. E. Friedberg, 2 vols. Leipzig, 1879; repr. Graz, 1959, ii, col. 684\\)\n\n",
"### *Coitus interruptus*\n\n*[Coitus interruptus](/wiki/Coitus_interruptus \"Coitus interruptus\")* is an example of a contraceptive behavior utilized in Medieval times. This is the case with onanism, which is clearly distinguished from masturbation. In the biblical telling, Onan was unwilling to procreate with Tamar, so he withdrew before climax and “spilled his seed on the ground”.Sex Education in Medieval Christianity.Vern L. Bullough\nThe Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Aug., 1977\\), pp. 185\\-196 Published by: Taylor \\& Francis, Ltd. Masturbation is seen as a form of self arousal, while onanism was viewed as a form of contraception. U.S. judge [John T. Noonan](/wiki/John_T._Noonan \"John T. Noonan\") has written extensively on this topic and believed that the first, certain dated reference to onanism appeared in the ninth century.Sex Education in Medieval Christianity.Vern L. Bullough The Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Aug., 1977\\), pp. 185\\-196\\. Published by: Taylor \\& Francis, Ltd. At the beginning, practices of *coitus interruptus* has been linked to circles of prostitution and illicit love affairs within the Middle Ages.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society From there, it took the decisive step towards widespread practice and began entering into conventional sexual relationships, such as marriage. The trigger of this development – assuming other mental and moral conditions – was provided by economic hardship.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society Population control was not a brand new topic during the time. \"If too many children are being born,\" stated the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, writing of the ideal city, \"there are measures to check propagation.\"Medieval Population. Josiah Cox Russell, Social Forces, Vol. 15, No. 4 (May, 1937\\), pp. 503\\-511\\. Published by: Oxford University Press Medieval demography has been linked to the church's teaching on birth control. Demographic statistics of the early fifteenth century provide evidence that married couples were limiting the number of offspring they had, likely with such methods as *coitus interruptus*. This was particularly true with poor couples and in periods of economic hardship.Birth\\-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries. P. P. A. Biller, Past \\& Present, No. 94 (Feb., 1982\\), pp. 3\\-26\\. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society The purposeful prevention of pregnancy is brought into juxtaposition with the church's moralist denunciation of contraception.\n\n",
"### The Catholic Church\n\nThe [Catholic Church](/wiki/Catholic_Church \"Catholic Church\") sees procreation as an essential end of marriage, and entering into an intentionally childless marriage nullifies the sacrament of matrimony.[N. E. Himes](/wiki/Norman_E._Himes \"Norman E. Himes\"), *Medical History of Contraception* (Baltimore, 1936\\), pp. 135\\-169; \"Medical History of Contraception,\" New England Journal. This goes back as far as [Pope Gregory IX](/wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX \"Pope Gregory IX\") and his [decretal](/wiki/Decretal \"Decretal\") dating from between 1227 and 1234 which declared that marriages contracted by parties intending to avoid having offspring were *ipso facto* null.Decretales Gregorii IX, iv. 5\\. 78 (Corpus Juris Canonici, ed. E. Friedberg, 2 vols. Leipzig, 1879; repr. Graz, 1959, ii, col. 684\\)\n\n",
"See also\n--------\n\n* [History of birth control](/wiki/History_of_birth_control \"History of birth control\")\n",
"References\n----------\n\n[Category:Birth control](/wiki/Category:Birth_control \"Birth control\")\n\n"
]
}
|
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