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{
"caption": "Reproductive Structures of the Phytophthora\nThe asexual (A) sporangia, (B) zoospores, and (C) chlamydospores, and the sexual (D) oospores.(Reproduced courtesy of Matteo Garbelotto, UC Berkeley [A, D], and Edwin R.Florance, Lewis & Clark College [Portland, Oregon, United States] and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station in Albany, California [B, C].)",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC449898-3-pbiop0020213pg002.jpg"
} | 000100 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "A TNT Connecting Two Neighbouring CellsImmunofluorescence analysis of wheat germ agglutinin–stained PC12 cells that shows a TNT, a novel type of cell protrusion that establishes membrane continuity between two neighbouring cells. Transfer of molecules and organelles can occur directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to that of the other. (Image courtesy of Hans-Hermann Gerdes.)",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC449900-0-pbiop0020215pg001.jpg"
} | 000101 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "STING activation disrupts tumor vasculature and enhances drug deposition in tumors.(A) Pt levels in MC38 tumors in C57BL/6 mice after intravenous injection of OX, OX-NCP, and OX/GA (n = 3). (B and C) Flow cytometry and quantitative fluorescence analysis for OX-pyro and OX/GA-pyro 24 hours after intravenous injection (n = 3). (D) Immunofluorescence staining for OX-pyro and OX/GA-pyro in MC38 tumors 24 hours after intravenous injection. (E and F) Normalized stress (E) and Young’s modulus (F) of MC38 tumors after OX/GA treatment [(E), n = 3; (F), n = 5]. (G and H) Flow cytometry and quantitative fluorescence analysis of CD31+ ECs of MC38 tumors after OX/GA treatment (n = 3). SSC-A, side scatter area. (I and J) CD31 IHC staining and CD31 immunofluorescence imaging of MC38 tumors after OX/GA treatment. Scale bars, 200 μm in (I) and 40 μm in (J). (K) Pt levels in MC38 tumors from Tmem173−/− mice treated with OX-NCP and OX/GA (n = 3). (L and M) MTS assays of HUVECs treated with GA or LPS with or without coincubation of THP-1 cells. (N) MTS assays of GA-NCP, GA, and ZnP in HUVECs (n = 3). (O) Tumor accumulation of Pt 24 hours after intravenous injection of OX-NCP or OX/GA and intraperitoneal injection of 500 μg of anti-IFNAR or anti–TNF-α antibody (n = 4). (P) Pt levels in MC38 tumors in TekΔSTING mice treated with OX-NCP or OX/GA (n = 3). (Q) Representative photos of subcutaneous MC38 tumors in C57BL/6, Tmem173−/−, or TekΔSTING mice 24 hours after treatment. Scale bars, 1 cm. Data in (A), (C), (E), (F), (H), and (K) to (P) are presented as means ± SD. P values in (O) are analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests. Unpaired t tests were used to compare the two groups in (C), (F), and (H).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466951-3-sciadvpado0082-f2.jpg"
} | 000102 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "GIGYF1 disrupts the interaction between eIF4G1 and eIF3 subunits.(A) Schematic depiction of the subunits of eIF3 at the interface of eIF3-eIF4G1 interaction. Image was generated with BioRender.com. (B) Co-IP assay for detection of the impact of ectopically expressed GIGYF1 on interaction between eIF3D and indicated proteins in GIGYF1-KO HEK293 cells. (C and D) Left: PLA for detection of the impact of ectopic expression of v5-GIGYF1 on eIF4G-eIF3D (C) or eIF4G1-eIF4A1 (D) interactions in GIGYF1-KO HEK293 cells. Twenty-four hours after transfection, cells were fixed and subjected to PLA using HA and FLAG antibodies. Right: Bar graphs represent the number of PLA signals from at least 20 cells, counted in each sample. n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar, 10 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). ****P < 0.0001; unpaired t test. (E and F) Streptavidin-biotin RNA affinity purification assay with biotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR in parental (E) or GIGYF1-KO (F) HEK293 cells. Biotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR was incubated with cell lysates in the presence or absence of 10X nonbiotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR for 16 hours at 4°C. The pulled-down proteins were subjected to Western blotting and probed with the indicated antibodies. (G) Streptavidin-biotin RNA affinity purification assay with biotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR and lysates from GIGYF1-KO cells expressing v5-GIGYF1 or GYF motif mutant v5-GIGYF1. (H) Streptavidin-biotin RNA affinity purification assay with biotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR in TTP-depleted cells. Biotinylated Ifnb1 3′UTR was incubated with lysates derived from HEK293 cells treated with control siRNA (si-Con) or si-TTP, followed by Western blotting and probing with the indicated antibodies. (I) Co-IP assay for detection of the impact of mutating the GYF motif on the interaction between GIGYF1, eIF3D, eIF3E, and TTP in GIGYF1-KO HEK293 cells.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466957-1-sciadvpadl5638-f4.jpg"
} | 000103 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Computed tomography images of the head, axial, and coronal views. (A and C) Isodense subdural collection on the right (yellow arrow). (B and D) Bone view showing a hyperdense right skull when compared to the left along with subtle, hypodense portion near the inner cortex (yellow arrow).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466966-0-gr1.jpg"
} | 000104 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, axial views. (A) T2 sequence showing a hypointense right sided subdural collection (yellow arrow). (B) SWI sequence showing no blood products withing the right sided subdural collection (green arrow).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466966-1-gr2.jpg"
} | 000105 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, T1 sequences post contrast administration, coronal, axial, and sagittal views. (A and B) are coronal views showing near homogenous enhancement of the right subdural collection (light blue arrow) with underlying dural enhancement (dark blue arrow). (C and D) are axial and sagittal views, respectively, showing similarly.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466966-2-gr3.jpg"
} | 000106 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Whole body bone scintigraphy, anterior view. (A) Increased radiotracer uptake in the cranium, especially on the right frontal prominence that coincides with the lucent area found on CT (yellow arrow).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC466966-3-gr4.jpg"
} | 000107 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The expression of phenotypic markers in mice.a.Immunohistochemical micrographs and quantitative analyses of α-SMA in mice; b.Immunohistochemical micrographs and quantitative analyses of OPN in mice; (up bar: 200 μm; down bar: 100 μm); c.The level ofα-SMA and OPN in penile cavernous tissue of mice was determined by Western blot; d.Quantitative analysis of α-SMA and OPN by Western blot. (n = 4 per group *P＜0.05).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467047-3-gr4.jpg"
} | 000108 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "CCK-8 results of oleic acid, nesfatin-1 and Esculetin and micrographs of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells in each group after treatment.a.DO values of oleic acid, nesfatin-1, and Esculetin in cck-8 assay. b.Micrographs of spongy smooth muscle cells in each group after 48 h of treatment. (magnification:400×).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467047-6-gr6.jpg"
} | 000109 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "SEM images of Fe-NPs; a) low magnification, b) high magnification.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467069-2-gr2.jpg"
} | 000110 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "SEM images of Zn-NPs; a) low magnification, b) high magnification.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467069-3-gr3.jpg"
} | 000111 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Estradiol dimers inhibit the endothelial cell tube formation angiogenesis. Figure illustrates the network formation of HUVEC primary endothelial cells in the presence of DMSO (control), 60 nM suramine, 60 nM colchicine or 5 × IC50 concentration of ED, ED3 and ED5. The cells and nuclei were visualised using DIC and Hoechst 33342 (blue fluorescence) or calcein (green fluorescence). Scale bar: 200 µm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467089-2-IENZ_A_2367139_F0005_C.jpg"
} | 000112 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Example of three subjects included in study. The first case represents a healthy subject (A–C), the second case shows a patient affected by subretinal drusenoid deposits, (D–F) and the third case presents a patient with macular drusen only (G–I). The figure demonstrates a thicker ONL in the second patient (D, F) compared to the first (A, C) and third case (D, F). The color-coded thickness map of the ONL (C, F, I) further confirms the difference between the three subjects. Interestingly, the en face visualization of the MPOV, normalized by the ratio at 9° eccentricity, highlights higher levels of MPOV in panel E compared to panel B and H. This finding is further supported by the values of MPOV at 1°, 2°, and 9° of eccentricity, as well as by the presentation of the eccentricity graph at the bottom of panels B, E, and H.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467106-1-iovs-65-8-23-f003.jpg"
} | 000113 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "p53 IHC expression in renal tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). p53 immunoreaction was marked in the renal tissue sections of CP-intoxicated and group III rats (white arrows).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-0-IRNF_A_2378212_F0007_C.jpg"
} | 000114 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "COX-II IHC expression in testicular tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). No COX-II immunoreaction was noted in the testicular tissue of control rats. Meanwhile, a marked COX-II-positive immunostaining was observed in sections, obtained from CP-intoxicated and group III rats (white arrows). Occasionally, the testicular tissue sections from rats in group IV displayed low COX-II reactivity (white arrows).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-1-IRNF_A_2378212_F0006_C.jpg"
} | 000115 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "COX-II IHC expression in renal tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). No COX-II immunoreaction was noted in the renal tissue sections from control rats. Meanwhile, marked COX-II-positive immunostaining was observed in the sections obtained from CP-intoxicated and group III rats (white arrows). Occasionally, the cortical tissue sections of rats in group IV displayed low COX-II reactivity (white arrows).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-2-IRNF_A_2378212_F0005_C.jpg"
} | 000116 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "p53 IHC expression in testicular tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). p53 immunoreaction was marked in the testicular tissue sections of CP-intoxicated and group III rats (white arrows).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-3-IRNF_A_2378212_F0008_C.jpg"
} | 000117 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Representative photomicrograph (PAS stain) of testicular tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). PAS-positive particles were observed in the cytoplasm of upper series cells of the germinal epithelium close to the lumen of seminiferous tubules (black arrow) and the tubular basement membrane (white arrow) of the testicular tissue sections from control and group IV rats. In contrast, PAS-positive materials were detected less in CP-intoxicated and group III rats.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-4-IRNF_A_2378212_F0004_C.jpg"
} | 000118 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Representative photomicrograph (H&E stain) of testicular tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). The testicular sections from control rats appeared normal with typical spermatogenic cell morphologies (S). On the other hand, testicular sections from CP-intoxicated rats revealed obvious histological alterations; an accentuated cellular depletion, and degenerative alterations in the seminiferous epithelium (black arrow). In addition, significant reductions in the tubular diameter and seminiferous germinal epithelium height were noted when compared with control rats. Cellular debris within the tubular lumen (white arrow) and interstitial edema were seen (O). The testicular histopathological alterations that appeared in group III were less prominent than those recorded in CP-intoxicated rats. Normal spermatogenic cell series of the seminiferous epithelium were observed in the testicular sections of group IV rats.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-5-IRNF_A_2378212_F0003_C.jpg"
} | 000119 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Representative photomicrograph (PAS stain) of renal tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). Cortical tissues of control rats (double walls of Bowman’s capsule (white thick arrow), capillaries of the glomeruli (G), tubular basement membranes (white thin arrow), and the brush borders of the proximal tubules (black thin arrow)) exhibited strong PAS-positive reaction (A). The tubular cytoplasm was stained faintly, while the nuclei showed PAS negative reaction. Renal sections from rats, exposed to CP only, demonstrated a severe reduction of mucopolysaccharide contents in comparison to the renal tissue of control rats. Microscopic observation of group III rats’ kidneys revealed marked diminution in PAS-positive material in the renal tissues, while the kidneys of group IV rats exhibited normal PAS reaction in the glomeruli, Bowman’s capsules, the tubular basement membranes, and the brush borders of the proximal tubules.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-6-IRNF_A_2378212_F0002_C.jpg"
} | 000120 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Representative photomicrograph (H&E stain) of renal tissue sections from control (A), CP-intoxicated (B), group III (CP-SES 10 mg/kg) (C), and group IV (CP-SES 20 mg/kg) rats (D). Renal glomeruli (G), proximal tubules (P), and distal tubules (D). Sections, obtained from CP-intoxicated rats, showed patchy mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate (I) and tubular injury with cellular atypia in the proximal tubules (P). Some of these tubulocytes revealed cytoplasmic vacuolization and focal apoptosis (white thin arrow). The glomeruli and the blood capillaries were atrophied and reduced in size (black thick arrow). Renal sections from group III rats showed minimal histopathological findings with less pronounced tubular degenerative changes (white thin arrow) and shrunken renal glomeruli (black thin arrow). Renal sections from group IV rats revealed an improvement and unity in renal tissue with no histological alterations.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC467111-7-IRNF_A_2378212_F0001_C.jpg"
} | 000121 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Induction and Function of the JNK Pathway around Puncture Wounds(A–C) Larvae carrying the JNK pathway reporter puc-lacZ, which expresses a nuclear β-galactosidase, were mock-wounded (A) or puncture wounded (B and C), and then cultured for the indicated times before staining with X-gal to visualize reporter activity (blue). There is little reporter activity in unwounded epidermis (A), but 4 h after wounding the reporter is expressed in a gradient emanating from the wound, with highest expression in the row of epidermal nuclei at the wound margin and decreasing levels in surrounding nuclei out to five cell diameters away. At 24 h (C), reporter expression has declined.(D–F) Larvae carrying the JNK pathway reporter msn-lacZ, treated as above. Wounding-induced reporter expression is seen out to seven cell diameters.(G–I) Larvae carrying msn-lacZ and A58-Gal4 and UAS-bskDN transgenes (to inactivate the JNK pathway in larval epidermis), treated as above. Reporter induction is inhibited, but the scab forms normally.(J and K) Larvae carrying msn-lacZ and either UAS-bskDN alone as control (J) or A58-Gal4 and UAS-bskDN transgenes (K), wounded as above and analyzed 24 h later by immunostaining for Fasciclin III and β-galactosidase. Reporter induction is inhibited in (K), but epidermal cells have oriented toward the wound, and although nuclear β-galactosidase staining is faint, careful inspection shows that the cells closest to the wound have fused to form a syncytium. Syncytium formation was confirmed using the A58-Gal4>UAS-GFP.nls marker.(L and M) Larvae carrying msn-lacZ and either UAS-bskDN alone as control (L) or A58-Gal4 and UAS-bskDN transgenes (M), wounded and analyzed 24 h later by TEM. Note that the epidermis in M has failed to spread across the wound gap and is still discontinuous (asterisks). No cuticle has been synthesized in the wound gap, but the cuticle flanking the wound appears thickened.Bar in (I), 100 μm (for [A–I]). Bar in (K), 50 μm (for [J and K]). Bar in (M), 5 μm (for [L and M]).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479041-0-pbiop0020239pg004.jpg"
} | 000122 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Epidermal Cell Orientation and Fusion around Puncture Wounds(A–E) w; UAS-GFP.nls/+; A58-Gal4/+ larvae that express GFP (green) in epidermal cell nuclei were mock-wounded (A) or puncture wounded (B–E), cultured for the indicated time, filleted open, fixed, and immunostained for Fasciclin III (red) to label the basolateral surface of the cells.(A) Pre-wounding. Dashed circle, size of the 100-μm pin used for wounding.(B) 2 h postwounding. Some cells at the wound margin have elongated and oriented toward the wound (arrowheads).(C) 8 h postwounding. Cells at the wound margin have begun fusing to form a syncytium. Note the syncytium with four nuclei that contains a partially degraded, radially-oriented membrane domain (arrow) and scattered puncta of Fasciclin III staining in the cytoplasm (arrowhead) that may be membrane breakdown intermediates.(D) 48 h postwounding. The central syncytium contains ten or more nuclei, some of which are located in extensions (arrowheads) that may represent recent fusions of peripheral cells with the central syncytium. Other peripheral cells have oriented toward the syncytium but not fused with it.(E) 60 h postwounding. A large syncytium with more than 30 nuclei.(F) 8 h postwounding. Larva was treated as above but immunostained for Coracle (red), a septate junction component. The central syncytium contains nine nuclei.Bar, 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479041-1-pbiop0020239pg003.jpg"
} | 000123 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Ultrastructural Analysis of Puncture Wound Healing(A) Schematic of unwounded epidermis showing the cell monolayer, its apical cuticle lining, and basal lamina. White ovals indicate nuclei.(B) Schematic of recently wounded epidermis showing a plug of cell debris in the wound gap. Cells and ruptured cuticle at the wound margin are shown.(C–S) TEM sections of unwounded (C–F) and wounded (G–S) larvae at the times indicated after wounding. Transverse sections through each wound site are shown (C, G, J, N, and Q) along with close-ups of the boxed regions at right. c, cuticle; d, debris; e, epidermis; ec, epicuticle; m, muscle; n, epidermal nucleus; p, plug; pc, procuticle; s, scab; t, trachea(C) Pre-wounding. The epidermis and cuticle are intact.(D) Apical surface of epidermal cell showing villi (arrowhead) that secrete cuticle.(E) Basal surface. Arrowhead, basal lamina.(F) Epidermal cuticle. The epicuticle (top three layers) overlies the striated procuticle layer.(G) 1 h postwounding. The epidermis and cuticle are discontinuous but the gap is filled with a plug (outlined by dashed line) of cell debris. The epidermis has partially separated from the cuticle beyond the wound margin (asterisks).(H) The plug contains highly vesiculated cell debris.(I) The epidermis separating (asterisk) from overlying cuticle appears vesiculated and is presumably necrotic.(J) 2 h postwounding. The outer portion of the plug has melanized to form an electron-dense scab (outlined by white dashed line). The epidermis and cuticle are still discontinuous.(K) Debris, including a necrotic trachea, in the plug. The plug is not bounded by a membrane or basal lamina.(L) Portion of scab showing melanized debris and trachea.(M) Close-up of a lamellipodium (bracket) extending into a plug at the outer edge of another 2-h wound. Note basal lamina (arrowhead) along the lamellipodium.(N) 8 h postwounding. The epidermis has migrated across the gap to reestablish continuity, and has secreted new cuticle beneath the scab.(O) A region of epidermal cell cytoplasm near wound plug debris contains vesiculated material (outlined by dashed line) that is probably phagocytosed debris.(P) The newly established epidermis under the wound has a continuous basal lamina (arrowhead) and apical villi (arrow) secreting cuticle.(Q) 24 h postwounding. The new cuticle underlying the scab is thicker and the scab is more electron dense. Four nuclei in close apposition are in a syncytium because there are no membranes separating them.(R) Portion of scab and old cuticle. Note that cuticle in contact with the scab is melanized.(S) Cytoplasmic extension (arrowhead) engulfing debris at the basal surface of the epidermis of another 24-h wound.Bar, 10 μm (C, G, J, N, and Q), 0.33 μm (D and E), 0.83 μm (F), 1 μm (H, M, and P), 2 μm (I and O), 1.67 μm (K and L), 4 μm (R), 1.25 μm (S).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479041-2-pbiop0020239pg002.jpg"
} | 000124 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Cellular Responses and Genetic Requirements of Pinch Wound Healing(A–D) Larvae carrying the msn-lacZ reporter and the indicated transgenes or mutations were pinched with a forceps to abrade a region of dorsal epidermis but leave the overlying cuticle intact. Wounded larvae were cultured for the indicated times and immunostained for Fasciclin III (red) and β-galactosidase (green).(A) 6 h after pinch wounding. Note the large epidermal gap (asterisk) at the wound site. Some cells at the wound margin have elongated and oriented toward the wound (arrowheads). Others have fused to form syncytia (arrow).(B) 24 h after pinch wounding. The epidermis has spread to close the gap. Note disorganization of epidermis and syncytia (arrows) at site of healed wound.(C) An A58-Gal4 and UAS-bskDN larva 24 h after pinch wounding. Epidermal spreading is inhibited and a large wound gap remains (asterisk). However, cells at the wound margin still orient toward the wound (arrowheads) and fuse to form syncytia (arrows).(D) A hemizygous lzr15 mutant larva 24 h after pinch wounding. lzr15 blocks crystal cell development and scab formation at puncture wounds (Figure 6), but no defects are observed in pinch wound healing.(E and F) Larvae carrying msn-lacZ reporter were mock-wounded (E) or pinch wounded (F), cultured for 4 h, and stained with X-gal (blue). Wounding induces reporter expression in a gradient extending out four cell diameters. The gap (asterisk) lacks a scab.Bar, 100 μM.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479041-3-pbiop0020239pg005.jpg"
} | 000125 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Effect of lz on Scab Formation and the Other Events of Puncture Wound Healing(A and B) Posterior of lz+ (w1118) (A) and lzr15 mutant (B) L3 larvae. Larvae were heated so crystal cells appear as tiny black dots. No crystal cells are apparent in the lzr15 mutant. Bar, 200 μm.(C and D) Micrographs of control lz+ (w1118) (C) and lzr15 mutant (D) L3 larvae 4 h after puncture wounding. No scab is seen at the lzr15 wound site (encircled). Bar, 50 μm.(E and F) TEM sections through 24-h–old puncture wounds of a control lzr15/+ heterozygote (E) and a hemizygous lzr15 mutant larva (F), both carrying the msn-lacZ transgene. A consolidated, electron-dense scab has formed in the control larva (E), but only a diffuse plug with peripheral electron density is present at the lzr15 hemizygous wound (F). The electron density of the lzr15 plug might be due to residual melanization activity in the lzr15 mutant. Although reepithelialization is complete in the lzr15 mutant wound, the epidermis contains large vacuoles and abundant apical processes, and it is separated by a gap (asterisks) from the old cuticle and has not secreted new cuticle. Other 24-h lzr15 mutant wounds analyzed had necrotic or discontinuous epidermis at the wound site (not shown). Bar, 10 μm.(G and H) Fluorescence micrographs of 20-h puncture wounds in control (G) and lzr15 mutant (H) larvae carrying the msn-lacZ reporter that were treated as above and immunostained for Fasciclin III (red) and β-galactosidase (green). Epidermal cells at both control and lzr15 mutant wounds have fused to form syncytia (arrows), and cells in the control are oriented toward the wound site (arrowheads). The orientation response of epidermal cells in the lzr15 mutant is difficult to assess because cell borders out to six cell diameters away from the wound appear slack and wavy. Bar, 50 μm.(I–L) X-gal stains of 6-h–old puncture wounds of control lz+ (I and K) or lzr15 hemizygous mutant larvae (J and L) carrying either msn-lacZ (I and J) or puc-lacZ (K and L). Note the absence of scabs and the increase in reporter activity (blue) in lzr15. The basal level of reporter expression in unwounded epidermis was not increased in lzr15 (not shown).Bar, 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479041-5-pbiop0020239pg006.jpg"
} | 000126 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Anterior Hyoid Crest Cells Display Aberrant Behavior in integrinα5 MutantsConfocal time-lapse recordings show hyoid cartilage development in wild-type fli1-GFP (Videos S1 and S2) and integrinα5−; fli1-GFP (Video S3) animals from 38 hpf to 86 hpf (nwt = 3; nitga5 = 4). Videos S1 and S2 are different depths of the same time-lapse recording. Representative imaging stills of Video S1 (A–F), Video S2 (G–L), and Video S3 (M–R) were taken at 38 hpf (A, G, and M), 44 hpf (B, H, and N), 50 hpf (C, I , and O), 56 hpf (D, J, and P), 62 hpf (E, K, and Q), and 86 hpf (F, L, and R). At the beginning of the recordings (A, G, and M), the mandibular (1) and hyoid (2) arches are numbered and an arrow denotes the first pouch (p1). At the end of the recordings (F, L, and R), the cartilage regions are clearly visible as large cells with thick matrix (pseudocolored blue). The outline of the HS cartilage, a composite of SY and HM regions, is shown in (F) and (L). As a reference, the opercle bone and ao/lo hyoid muscle mass are pseudocolored purple and red, respectively, and the eye and ear are labeled. In Video S1 (A–F), red arrowheads denote a cluster of cells adjacent to the first pouch that undergo cellular rearrangements and form the long, anterior SY extension in wild-type animals. (G′–R′) show magnifications of HM-forming regions taken from (G–R) and correspond to areas within white boxes given in (G) and (L) for (G–L) and in (M) and (R) for (M–R). In wild-type development, hyoid crest cells adjacent to the first pouch remain a tightly packed mass as aHM chondrifies (e.g., cells denoted by red arrowheads in G′–L′). In integrinα5 mutants, the first pouch is missing (white arrow in [M]), and anterior hyoid crest cells are disorganized at 38 hpf (e.g., arrowhead in [M′]). Over time, anterior hyoid crest cells migrate out of the region and do not contribute to cartilage (e.g., arrowheads in [N′–Q′]). In contrast, the pHM region and the opercle bone develop normally from more posterior hyoid crest in integrinα5− animals (R). Scale bar: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479042-0-pbiop0020244pg007.jpg"
} | 000127 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Increased Apoptosis and Disorganized gsc Expression in the Hyoid Arches of integrinα5 Mutants(A–D) TUNEL staining of wild-type fli1-GFP (A and C) and integrinα5−; fli1-GFP (B and D) animals shows apoptotic nuclei (red) relative to the GFP-expressing crest of the pharyngeal arches (green) at 25 hpf (A and B) and 29 hpf (C and D). In wild-type confocal projections arches are numbered. (A′) and (B′) are representative confocal sections taken from the projections in A and B. In integrinα5− animals lacking the first pouch, increased apoptosis (arrows in [B] and [D]) is seen in the dorsal anterior hyoid arch adjacent to where the first pouch would be in wild-type animals. In mutant sections (B′), TUNEL-positive cells (arrow) colocalize with the fli1-GFP crest marker.(E) The number of apoptotic nuclei per hyoid arch is plotted versus time for wild-type sides (blue) and integrinα5− sides without (p1−; red) or with (p1+; green) a normal first pouch. At 25 hpf, integrinα5− hyoid arches had more apoptotic nuclei than wild-type hyoid arches only when the first pouch was defective (p < 0.0001). At later time points, integrinα5− hyoid arches missing the first pouch had a tendency to have more apoptotic nuclei than wild-type or integrinα5− arches with normal first pouches (only itga5− with a normal first pouch versus itga5− without at 35 hpf is statistically significant, p < 0.05). Total sides examined: 25 hpf: nwt = 40, nitga5 = 38; 29 hpf: nwt = 30, nitga5 = 26; 30 hpf: nwt = 30, nitga5 = 20; and 35 hpf: nwt = 30, nitga5 = 14.(F and G) gsc expression at 36 hpf labels dorsal and ventral domains of hyoid crest. Mandibular (1) and hyoid (2) arches are numbered, and the first pouch is denoted by arrowhead. In wild-type animals, dorsal and ventral hyoid gsc domains are well separated. In this integrinα5− animal, dorsal and ventral hyoid gsc domains are fused, and disorganized gsc-expressing cells envelop the reduced first pouch (arrowhead).Scale bars: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479042-3-pbiop0020244pg006.jpg"
} | 000128 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Region-Specific Pharyngeal Defects in integrinα5 Mutants(A–E) Flat mount dissections of hyoid and mandibular cartilages from fixed, 4-d-old wild-type (A), integrinα5− (B–D), and itga5-MO (E) animals. Meckel's (M) and palatoquadrate (PQ) cartilages are derived from the mandibular arch (1), and CH, SY, and HM cartilages and the opercle (Op) bone are derived from the hyoid arch (2). A phenotypic series (B–D) shows that the anterior half of HM (arrows) is absent and SY is progressively reduced in integrinα5− animals. Rarely, mandibular and hyoid joints are also missing in integrinα5− animals (asterisks in D). (E) Animals treated with itga5-MO display similar reductions of HM (arrow) and SY.(F and G) Flat-mount dissections of the pharyngeal cartilages of 4-d-old wild-type (F) and integrinα5− (G) animals. In addition to the mandibular and hyoid cartilages, the five CB cartilages (CB1–CB5) that are derived from the third through seventh arches are shown. Note the teeth on CB5 (dots in F). In integrinα5− embryos we see rare fusions of CB cartilages (arrow in G).(H–J) Confocal micrographs of the pharyngeal arches of wild-type fli1-GFP (H) and integrinα5−; fli1-GFP (I and J) embryos stained with anti-GFP and Zn8 antibodies at 38 hpf. Neural crest cells of the pharyngeal arches are labeled with fli1-GFP (green, numbered in [H]), and the pharyngeal pouches are labeled by the Zn8 antibody (red, numbered p1–p5 in [H]). In integrinα5−; fli1-GFP embryos, the first pouch is absent or very reduced at 38 hpf (arrows in I and J). Less frequently, we also see reductions in more posterior pouches in integrinα5−; fli1-GFP embryos (arrowhead in J shows a single endodermal mass where p3–p5 would be in wild-type embryos). The Zn8 antibody also recognizes cranial sensory ganglia (dots).(K and L) In situ hybridizations of wild-type (K) and integrinα5− (L) embryos stained with the pharyngeal pouch marker pea3 at 36 hpf (arrowhead denotes first pouch). The first pouch of integrinα5− embryos is very reduced, but still expresses pea3. Sensory ganglia also stain with pea3 (dots).(M and N) Cranial muscles of 4-d-old wild-type fli1-GFP (M) and integrinα5−; fli1-GFP (N) embryos stained with MF20 antibody. Mandibular muscles (intermandibularis posterior [imp], adductor mandibulae [am], levator arcus palatine [lap], and do) and hyoid muscles (interhyal , hyohyal [hh], ah, ao, and lo) are labeled in wild-type. integrinα5− embryos have a selective reduction of do and ah muscles (arrow in [N]). Confocal projections of integrinα5− animals did not include ocular muscles (asterisks in M).(O and P) Cranial motor nerves of wild-type islet1-GFP (O) and integrinα5−; islet1-GFP (P) live embryos at 54 hpf. islet1-GFP-expressing cranial motor neurons innervate muscles of the pharyngeal arches with the following strict segmental correspondence: trigeminal (V)—mandibular; facial (VII)—hyoid; glossopharyngeal (IX)—third; and vagus (X)—fourth through seventh. In integrinα5−; islet1-GFP embryos, facial nerve VII (arrowhead in P) is reduced and/or fails to branch.(Q and R) Summary of integrinα5 regional pharyngeal defects extrapolated to a 4-d-old embryo and color-coded for cartilage (blue), muscle (red), and nerve (green). Shown in black are the eye (filled circle within larger circle), ear (two dots within oval), and opercle bone (mushroom). In wild-type animals, facial nerve VII innervates and passes by do and ah muscles that are in close association with the aHM cartilage region (enlarged in Q′). In integrinα5 mutants, we see specific reductions of the first pouch (not shown), the aHM cartilage region, do and ah muscles, and facial nerve VII (enlarged in R′). Scale bars: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479042-5-pbiop0020244pg002.jpg"
} | 000129 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "integrinα5 Expression in Pharyngeal Endoderm and Cranial Neural Crest(A) At the 32-cell stage, strong maternal integrinα5 expression is seen.(B) At 60% epiboly, integrinα5 expresses broadly throughout the mesendoderm.(C) Dorsal view of a 1-s-stage embryo. integrinα5 transcript is concentrated in the ectoderm at the edge of the neural plate (black arrow), in scattered presumptive endodermal cells, and in the first somite (white arrow).(D and E) Dorsal (D) and lateral (E) views of a 5-s-stage embryo show ectodermal (arrows) and pharyngeal endodermal (arrowhead) expression domains of integrinα5. Ectodermal integrinα5 expression includes migratory hyoid crest, otic placode, and forebrain.(F) At the 12-s stage, integrinα5 continues to be expressed in the pharyngeal endoderm (black arrowhead), postmigratory hyoid crest (arrow), ear (red arrowhead), and forebrain.(G–J) At 18 hpf, a dorsal view of an embryo stained for integrinα5 transcript (G) shows approximate axial levels at which cross-sections were prepared. (H) A cross-section at the level of the first pouch shows strong integrinα5 expression in the pharyngeal endoderm (arrowhead). (I) A cross-section at the level of the hyoid arch shows expression of integrinα5 in neural crest (arrow) and pharyngeal endoderm (arrowhead). (J) A cross-section at the level of the ear shows integrinα5 expression in the otic epithelium (red arrowhead) and pharyngeal endoderm (black arrowhead).(K and L) At 26-hpf (K) and 38-hpf (L) stages, integrinα5 transcript is enriched in the region of the most recent forming pharyngeal pouch (arrowheads) and in patches of crest (arrows).Scale bars: (A–C), (F), and (G): 100 μm; (D), (E), and (H–L): 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC479042-8-pbiop0020244pg003.jpg"
} | 000130 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The string-of-beads sign on the VA (C2-C1) in a in a 55-year-old woman with bilateral manifestation of FMD on ICA and VA. The patient suffered from vertigo.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493280-0-1476-7120-2-7-10.jpg"
} | 000131 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "High-grade stenosis of the ICA caused by FMD in a 52-year-old woman sufferning from recurrent transient ischemic attacks. CDI shows the string-of-beads pattern distally to a longer section of normal vessel.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493280-3-1476-7120-2-7-6.jpg"
} | 000132 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The string-of-beads sign with alternating regions of lumen narrowing and vessel dilatation on angiogram of the ICA (arrows) in a 52-year-old woman sufferning from recurrent transient ischemic attacks.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493280-4-1476-7120-2-7-1.jpg"
} | 000133 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The string-of-beads sign in the color Doppler image in a 51-year-old patient with low-grade stenosing FMD of the ICA. The patient suffered from migraine-like headache.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493280-6-1476-7120-2-7-2.jpg"
} | 000134 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The same case as in fig. 3: Power Doppler image of the right ICA.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493280-7-1476-7120-2-7-5.jpg"
} | 000135 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Photomicrographs of immunolabelled decidua at 6 weeks (A, D, G, J, M, P) and 12 weeks (B, E, H, K, N, Q) gestational age. The glandular epithelium reacted positively for LIF (A, B), VEGF (D, E), MUC-1 (G, H), alpha tocopherol transfer protein (J, K), TGFβ3 (M, N), and weakly for lactoferrin (P, Q). Negative controls; C, F, I, L, O and R. Scale bar = 200 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-0-1477-7827-2-58-9.jpg"
} | 000136 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Confocal immunofluorescent images of decidua at 8 weeks (C, E, G, H) and 12 weeks (A, B, D, F) gestational age. In A) and B) the glandular epithelium has been immunolabelled for tocopherol transfer protein (green) and NK cells with CD56 (red). NK cells can be seen within the stroma between the glands, but also closely approximated (arrowed) to the basal lamina of the glandular epithelium. In C-F sections were immunolabelled for epidermal growth factor (EGF) (green) and CD56 (red). The epithelium reacts strongly at 8 weeks for EGF (C), but less so at 12 weeks (D). The NK cells lying beneath the glandular epithelium also react strongly for EGF (co-localisation yellow) (E and F). In G) and H) the sections were immunolabelled for human placental lactogen (red), and in G) for CD68 (green) and in H) for cytokeratin (green). Cells positive for both placental lactogen and CD68 (yellow) were considered to be macrophages, and were observed throughout the stroma but also closely approximated to the glandular epithelium (arrowed in G). Cells reacting only for placental lactogen, or for both placental lactogen and cytokeratin, were considered to be invading extravillous trophoblast cells (arrowheads in G and H), and were not found to be closely associated with the epithelium (E). Blue, DAPI; L, gland lumen. Scale bars C, D. = 60 μm and E - H = 30 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-1-1477-7827-2-58-7.jpg"
} | 000137 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Low power transmission electron micrograph of 10 week decidua demonstrating the heterogenous population of cells accumulated immediately beneath the epithelial basal lamina (arrowheads) at this stage of gestation. The smaller cells (arrowed) with large numbers of granules resemble uterine NK cells, whereas the larger more electron lucent cells (asterisks) resemble decidual cells. Scale bar = 5 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-2-1477-7827-2-58-6.jpg"
} | 000138 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "A) In the earliest specimen available, H710, the conceptus (C) can be seen embedded in the superficial endometrium overlying well-developed endometrial glands (G). M, myometrium. (Haematoxylin and eosin) Scale bar = 1.0 cm. B) The secretions within the lumens of the glands are heterogenous, being a mixture of carbohydrate-rich flocculent material (blue) and what appear to be lipid droplets (red). (Alcian blue and Neutral red) Scale bar = 100 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-3-1477-7827-2-58-1.jpg"
} | 000139 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Confocal photomicrograph of a frozen section of an 8 week villus A) immunolabelled for glycodelin (green) and cathepsin D (red) and B) under phase contrast. Vesicles labelled solely for glycodelin predominate in the apical region of the syncytiotrophoblast (S), and those for cathepsin D in the basal region. In the mid-zone the two labels co-localise (yellow) indicating that maternal proteins enter the trophoblast digestion pathway. IVS, intervillous space.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-4-1477-7827-2-58-10.jpg"
} | 000140 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Transmission electron micrographs of 15 week decidua illustrating A) the flattened nature of the glandular cells at this stage of gestation, and B) the accumulation of a flocculent osmiophilic material in their cytoplasm. L, gland lumen. Scale bars = 5 μm and 1 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-5-1477-7827-2-58-8.jpg"
} | 000141 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "A) Photomicrograph of a 1 μm resin section of 10 week decidua. By now the epithelium is cuboidal in nature, although secretions are still present within the lumens. There appears to be an almost complete layer of additional cells (arrowed) beneath the basal lamina. Scale bar = 10 μm. B) At the ultrastructural level the cells appear more quiescent at this stage of gestation, although Golgi bodies and a few strands of rough endoplasmic reticulum remain. Scale bar = 1 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-7-1477-7827-2-58-5.jpg"
} | 000142 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "A) Photomicrograph of a 1 μm resin section of 6 week decidua illustrating the columnar epithelium of the glands, their large apical projections and the heterogeneous nature of the secretions. (Methylene blue) Scale bar = 10 μm. B) At the ultrastructural level it can be seen that the cells possess large quantities of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid droplets are abundant in the basal region. The cells are attached to a well-formed basal lamina (arrowed). Scale bar = 2 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-8-1477-7827-2-58-4.jpg"
} | 000143 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Placenta-in-situ specimen (H1094) of 13.5 weeks gestational age showing the reduction in thickness of the endometrium (E) at this stage of pregnancy. The glands (G) have a more regular outline, but still contain precipitated secretions within their lumens. M, myometrium; IVS, intervillous space. (Haematoxylin and eosin) Scale bar = 1.0 mm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC493283-9-1477-7827-2-58-3.jpg"
} | 000144 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Localization of chlamydial inclusions and caveolin-2 in HeLa cells. HeLa 229 cells were infected with chlamydial strains for 48 h. Cells were fixed and double stained with a rabbit anti-Chlamydia and a mouse anti-caveolin-2 antibody. Inclusions of C. pneumoniae (AR39) Cpn, C. Psittaci (guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis, GPIC strain), C. trachomatis serovars A/Har-13, Har36B, C/TW-3, K, (E/VW-KX and F not shown), are seen to co-localize with caveolin-2. Inclusions of C. trachomatis Mouse pnuemonitis agent (MoPn) and Lymphogranuloma venereum biovar (LGV 434) [not shown] do not colocalize with caveolin-2. Scale bar represents 25 μm and original magnification: 600X",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497042-0-1471-2334-4-23-1.jpg"
} | 000145 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Ultraviolet-treated EBs colocalize with caveolin-2 in HeLa cells. Chlamydial EBs were treated with UV light for 1 h and then used to infect HeLa 229 HeLa cells for 36 h. The cells were fixed and stained with a mouse anti-caveolin-2 and a guinea pig anti-Chlamydia antibody. A FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody and a TRITC-conjugated goat anti-guinea pig secondary antibody were used to visualize the stained EBs. Unlike the case in FRT cells, UV-treated EBs colocalized with caveolin-2 in HeLa cells, which express both Caveolin-1 and Caveolin-2. The above confocal micrographs are representative of the morphology of all Chlamydiaceae that colocalize with caveolin-2 (C. pneumoniae, GPIC, and C. trachomatis serovars A, B, C, E, F and K). Original magnification: 600 X. Each scale bar represents 15 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497042-1-1471-2334-4-23-6.jpg"
} | 000146 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Acquisition of caveolin-2 by inclusions in caveolin-1 negative FRT cells. (A) FRT cells were infected with chlamydial organisms for 48 h. C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci, and C. trachomatis serovars A, B, E, K (not shown), as well as serovars C and F colocalized with caveolin-2. MoPn and LGV (not shown), did not colocalize with caveolin-2 in these cells. Note that only two species, the mouse pneumonitis strain (MoPn) and GPIC produce large inclusions in these cells even after 48 h infection (scale bar is 25 μm). The small inclusions nonetheless release viable progeny into the culture supernatant which could be used to infect new cells. (B) Uninfected FRT-cells stained with anti-caveolin-2 antibody to demonstrate the localization of caveolin-2 protein in the cell. Note the caveolin-2 staining (C) close to the nucleus of the cell and that there is no caveolin in the cell membrane. (N), the nucleus of the cells and the scale bar represents 10 μm. Original magnification: 600X",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497042-2-1471-2334-4-23-3.jpg"
} | 000147 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Ultraviolet-treated EBs do not colocalize with caveolin-2 in caveolin-1 negative FRT cells. Chlamydial EBs were treated with short wavelength UV for 1 h and then used to infect FRT HeLa cells for 36 h. The cells were fixed and stained with a mouse anti-caveolin-2 and a guinea pig anti-Chlamydia antibody. FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse as well as TRITC-conjugated goat anti-guinea pig secondary antibody was used to visualize the stained EBs. The representative confocal micrographs above show that UV-treated EBs did not colocalize with caveolin-2 in FRT cells. All of the Chlamydiaceae not shown had a similar morphology. Scale bar represents 15 μm Original magnification: 600X",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497042-4-1471-2334-4-23-5.jpg"
} | 000148 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Optical Z-axis sections of caveolin-2 associated with chlamydial inclusion membranes. FRT cells were infected with C. trachomatis serovar K for 48 h. Cells were fixed with 10% cold methanol and double stained with a guinea pig anti-Chlamydia and a mouse anti-caveolin-2 antibody. The secondary antibodies were FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse and TRITC-conjugated goat anti-guinea pig antibody. Slides were examined using a laser confocal microscope and optical Z-axis sections were taken at 0.5 μm depth and images merged using the Confocal Assistant™ version 4.02 Image Processing Software. Original magnification: 600X; the scale bar is 25 μm in length.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497042-5-1471-2334-4-23-2.jpg"
} | 000149 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Representative immunostaining of paraffin sections with antibodies against Topoisomerase 2A and Aquaporin 1. (A) Upper panel shows two TOP2A positive cores from GBMs; lower panel shows two negative cores on the same tissue micro-array. (B) Upper panel from left to right: cortex and white matter; lower panel from left to right: spinal cord and hypocampus. All stained with anti-TOP2A antibodies. (C – D) Paraffin section of GBM showing nuclear staining of TOP2A; D shows a higher magnification and E is the corresponding negative control with mouse IgG1 and no primary antibodies. (F – G) Paraffin section of GBM showing cytoplasmatic staining with anti-aquaporin 1 antibodies; G shows a higher magnification and H is the negative control.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497045-0-1471-2407-4-39-1.jpg"
} | 000150 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Transesophageal echocardiography four-chamber image following deployment of the two Amplatzer septal occluders (ASO). LA – left atrium, LV – left ventricle, RA – right atrium, RV – right ventricle.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497050-0-1476-7120-2-9-2.jpg"
} | 000151 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Stored fluoroscopy following placement of the two Amplatzer septal occluders (ASOs). TEE – Transesophageal echocardiography probe.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC497050-1-1476-7120-2-9-1.jpg"
} | 000152 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Summary of subject movement measurements. (a) Lower cervical spine flexion: the change in angle from a line extending from C7 to the tragus of the ear (T) and a vertical line through C7. (b) Upper cervical spine extension: the change in angle from a line extending from the tragus to the mid forehead (MF) and a vertical line through the tragus. (c) Protraction: the change in distance of the acromion (A) along the horizontal axis. (d) Trunk flexion: the change in angle from two lines extending from L1 to the acromion (A) and L1 to the greater trochanter (GT).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503391-1-1471-2474-5-23-1.jpg"
} | 000153 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Bowing of the median nerve. Ultrasound images of the median nerve in the distal upper arm (upper) with the shoulder girdle in neutral and (lower) protracted. Note substantial bowing with the shoulder girdle in the neutral compared to protracted position. Bar = 10 mm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503391-4-1471-2474-5-23-4.jpg"
} | 000154 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Immunostaining of ICAM-1 expression in WT and P/I null mice. Tissues ICAM-1 expression was determined by staining the liver sections with an anti-ICAM-1 antibody specific to mouse by applying the immunoperoxidase technique, and examined under a light NIKON microscope. The top row represents wild-type (WT) control (CT), CLP 6 h and CLP 24 h, respectively. Note the increased intensity of ICAM-1 staining of central veins (arrow heads) and sinusoids (arrows) with progression of sepsis. In contrast, ICAM-1 expression in P/I null mice liver sections was completely absent in controls, 6 h after CLP and 24 h after CLP (lower row). Control group represents mice that were not subjected to sham or CLP experimental treatment.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503395-0-1472-6890-4-2-1.jpg"
} | 000155 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Staining of cytospin preparations from peritoneal lavage. The top three rows show the Wright staining of the cellular components of peritoneal lavages. Cellular preps from the control (CT) mice of both WT and P/I null groups demonstrating mononuclear cells as the predominant cell types (left column: WT CT, P/I CT). Control group represents mice that were not subjected to sham or CLP experimental procedures. CLP induced a significant neutrophil infiltration (arrows) at 6 and 24 hours in both WT (top row: WT 6 h, WT 24 h) and P/I null mice (second row: P/I 6 h, P/I 24 h). Neutrophils were also the predominant cell type at 6 hours of 2% glycogen-induced peritonitis in WT and P/I null mice (third row: WT 6 h, P/I 6 h). The lower row represents immunoperoxidase staining of the cells (CLP mice) using an anti-neutrophil antibody specific to mouse, verifying the neutrophils as stained in brown color (WT 6 h, P/I 6 h).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503395-3-1472-6890-4-2-3.jpg"
} | 000156 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "CT appearance at multiple cuts (A – E) of a huge retroperitoneal mass with lipomatous and nonlipomatous components. The nonlipomatous component (arrow X, Panel D) contains calcific elements. Note the posterior extension of the lipomatous component (arrow Y, Panel D), which extends superiorly (Panels A – C). The exact boundaries of this component are difficult to appreciate on CT.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503399-0-1477-7819-2-25-1.jpg"
} | 000157 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "CT appearance at multiple cuts (A – D) of the recurrent tumor. The recurrence was more homogeneous than the primary tumor, consisting almost completely of the calcific component of the nonlipomatous portion of the tumor.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503399-1-1477-7819-2-25-5.jpg"
} | 000158 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Operative exposure of the tumor through a T-type abdominal incision.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503399-2-1477-7819-2-25-2.jpg"
} | 000159 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "En bloc resection specimen of heterogeneous tumor with attached organs. Note the lipomatous regions (A), the calcified areas (B), and the remaining nonlipomatous component (C).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503399-3-1477-7819-2-25-3.jpg"
} | 000160 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Histologic appearance of various elements of the tumor as sampled in different regions. A. Well differentiated liposarcoma. B. Low grade spindle cell component. C. Cellular spindle cell component. D. Chondrosarcomatous component.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC503399-4-1477-7819-2-25-4.jpg"
} | 000161 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "A. Microscopic phenotype of primary tumor tissue and corresponding tumor-derived epithelial and stromal cell cultures. (1–3) – H & E-stained frozen sections showing histology of representative cases processed for RNA isolation and cell culture. Case number 061T – 1; 066T – 2; 068T – 3. Note abundant tumor cells in the samples. (4–6) – Early passage epithelial cultures; brightfield, 100× magnification. Note morphological variation between cultures in the context of an epithelial phenotype. (7–9) – abundant cytokeratin expression in the cytoplasm of cultured primary tumor cells analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. Magnification – 400×. (10–12) – tumor-derived fibroblast cultures; brightfield, 100× magnification. Note morphological distinction between epithelial and stromal cells isolated from the same tissue sample. B – E. cDNA-based gene expression profiles of tumor tissue and tumor derived epithelial cultures. Rows represent genes, and columns represent samples. B, C – unsupervised two-dimensional hierarchical clustering of 17 samples. B – cluster shows genes under expressed in primary tumor tissue and tumor cultures compared to immortal cell lines. C – cluster shows genes over expressed in primary tumor cultures and tumor tissue compared to immortal cell lines. D, E – Gene expression patterns, which distinguish between group 1, consisting of immortal cell lines, and group 2, consisting of primary tumor tissue and tumor cultures. D – Results of SAM analysis showing a thumbnail of 681 differentially expressed genes. E – SAM-identified genes which are in common with the cluster in panel B are shown by red vertical bar, and with the cluster in panel C are shown by green vertical bars. Color scale indicates expression level.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509241-2-1471-2164-5-47-1.jpg"
} | 000162 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "FNAC liver showing metastatic ACC, H & E (× 400)",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509249-0-1471-2407-4-41-3.jpg"
} | 000163 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Abdominal ultrasound showing multiple hypoechoiec (short arrow) and hyperechoeic lesions (long arrow) in the liver",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509249-1-1471-2407-4-41-2.jpg"
} | 000164 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Photomicrograph showing small darkly stained cells with scanty cytoplasm arranged in nests fenestrated by round or oval spaces – cribriform pattern, H & E (× 100)",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509249-2-1471-2407-4-41-1.jpg"
} | 000165 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Panel (A) PfNPNA-1 VH/κ, (B) 2A10 MAb.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509279-1-1475-2875-3-28-3.jpg"
} | 000166 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "a) surgical specimen of palatine tonsils; b) picture of oropharynx post UPPP 3 months later",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509285-2-1477-7819-2-26-1.jpg"
} | 000167 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Col-Expressing Cells Play an Instructive Role in Lamellocyte ProductionExpression of the crystal cell marker doxA3 (Waltzer et al. 2003) (A, B, and G); of the lamellocyte markers α-ps4 (M. Meister, unpublished data) (C–F and H) and L1 (Asha et al. 2003) (J); and of Col (I and J); in wt (A, C, and E), col loss-of-function mutant (B, D, and F), and srp-Gal4/UAS-col (G–J) larvae. In (E) and (F), larvae were taken 48 h after infestation. An increased number of doxA3-positive cells (B) parallels the absence of lamellocyte differentiation (F) in col1 mutant lymph glands. Conversely, lamellocyte differentiation and a reduced number of doxA3-positive cells are observed upon enforced Col expression (G and H). Double staining for Col and L1 shows that Col-expressing cells and differentiating lamellocytes do not overlap in the lymph gland. (I) shows ectopic Col expression compared to expression in the PSC (arrowhead; not visible in [J]). Antibody and in situ probes are indicated on each panel. In all panels, larvae are oriented with the head to the left: a single primary lobe is shown, with sometimes a few secondary lobes. Bar: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509289-3-pbiop0020196pg005.jpg"
} | 000168 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "col Requirement for Lamellocyte Differentiation(A–C) 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of hemocytes from wt (A and B) and from col1 (C) third instar larvae. (A) Uninfected larva; (B) and (C) infected larvae. Plasmatocytes (inset in [A]) are always present, whereas lamellocytes (inset in [B]) are detected in the hemolymph of wt (B) but not col1 (C) larvae 48 h after infestation by L. boulardi. In col1 mutants, the wasp eggs are not encapsulated (white arrows) and develop into larvae (bottom right organism in [C]).(D–F) Lamellocytes expressing the P-lacZ marker l(3)06949 (Braun et al. 1997) surround the wasp eggs in wt larvae (D), are completely absent in infected col1 mutant larvae (E), and differentiate in the absence of wasp infection following enforced Col expression in hematopoietic cells (srpD-Gal4/UAS-col larvae) (F). (G) srpD-Gal4/UAS-col pupa showing the presence of melanotic tumors.Bars: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509289-4-pbiop0020196pg002.jpg"
} | 000169 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "PSC-Specific Gene Expression Is Dependent upon Col ActivityPSC-specific expression of col, Ser-lacZ, and Ser (arrowhead in [A], [C], and [E]) is lost in col1 mutant larvae (B, D, and F); only Ser expression in scattered cells is maintained (arrow in [E] and [F]). Bar: 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509289-6-pbiop0020196pg004.jpg"
} | 000170 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Cellularisation of Striated Myofibers after Implantation into a Larval Limb Blastema(A) Schematic diagram of procedure. After dissociation of larval limb musculature, the cells were loaded with a cell tracker dye and single myofibers taken up into a suction micropipette, prior to injection into a larval limb blastema as detailed in the Materials and Methods.(B) Section of a limb at 48 h after implantation of CellTracker Orange-labelled myofibers. The section has been counterstained with the nuclear stain Sytox green. Note the dye-labelled mononucleate cells (arrowed). Scale bar, 20 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509293-1-pbiop0020218pg002.jpg"
} | 000171 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Analysis of Nuclear Migration and Fragmentation by Time-Lapse Microscopy(A) Single frames illustrating the migration of three nuclei (yellow arrows) along a myofiber, of which two are incorporated into a terminal aggregate by 11.4 h. One nucleus (green arrow) remained stationary during this period.(B) Single frames illustrating the production of viable multinucleate fragments from a myofiber. Note the presence of a trinucleate aggregate (arrowed green) that separates after lateral breakage of the fiber (0 min, arrowed yellow). This fragment subsequently extends cytoplasmic processes (14.3 and 15.4 h) and migrates over the culture substratum.Series (A) and (B) begin at 6 h after plating. Scale bars: (A) 50 μm; (B) 200 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509293-3-pbiop0020218pg004.jpg"
} | 000172 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "A Live Striated Myofiber from the Larval SalamanderPhotomicrograph of a live striated myofiber dissociated from the larval limb musculature and adhering to the culture dish in serum-free medium. This cell has the appearance of a normal quiescent fiber and was photographed with VAREL optics at 48 h after plating. Scale bar, 50 μm.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509293-5-pbiop0020218pg001.jpg"
} | 000173 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Line 239, 251, and 275 Mutants Have Similar Migration Defects(A) Frontal view of an E14.5 WT embryo.(B) Frontal view of an E14.5 embryo homozygous for the line 239 mutation. The stream of cells leaving the SVZ of the LGE is streaky and aggregated in the rostral cortex of the mutant.(C–E) A rostral-to-caudal series of coronal sections from an E14.5 WT embryo. WT embryos have diffuse cortical staining and a sharp boundary (black arrowheads) between the subcortical and the cortical telencephalon.(F–H) Coronal sections from E14.5 line 239 mutant forebrains. Yellow circles indicate the area of the cortical-subcortical boundary where a large excess of migrating cells can be seen in the IZ/SVZ area. Orange arrowhead indicates aggregated cells in the IZ/SVZ of the lateral wall of the cortex. White arrowheads indicate aggregates in the medial wall. The staining in the MZ appears normal. Defects become less apparent in the more caudal sections.(I–K) Sections from an E14.5 line 251 mutant embryo. Orange arrowheads indicate aggregates in the lateral wall of the cortex. In (I), a linear aggregate of stained cells can be seen extending from the IZ/SVZ to the MZ (red arrowhead). The cortical-subcortical boundary is well defined in line 251 mutants.(L–N) Sections from an E14.5 line 275 mutant embryo. Yellow circles indicate aberrant staining in the cortical-subcortical boundary region. The white arrowhead indicates aggregates in the medial wall of the cortex, and the red arrowhead points to a radially directed aggregate of cells extending from the IZ/SVZ to the MZ.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509294-1-pbiop0020219pg005.jpg"
} | 000174 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Limb Patterning Defects in Tangential Migration MutantsAnterior is to the right for all limbs.(A–C) Left hindlimbs are shown from E14.5 WT (A), line 251 (B), and line 239 (C). Yellow arrowheads point to extra digits on the anterior (thumb) side of the limb in mutants. Line 275 mutants also have anterior polydactyly. The mutants have a slight developmental delay that causes some differences in appearance of the limb buds at E14.5, when the limbs are growing rapidly.(D) This diagram illustrates components of the Shh/Fgf feedback loop that maintains Fgf4 expression in the AER.(E–J) In situ hybridization on E11.5 limb buds. Unlike in WT (E), expression of the posterior patterning gene Hoxd13 in left forelimb buds extends ectopically into an anterior domain (yellow arrowheads) in 251 (F) and 239 (G) mutants. Fgf4 expression in left hindlimb buds, restricted to the posterior AER in WT (H), has an ectopic expression domain at the far anterior edge of the AER (yellow arrowheads) in 251 (I) and 239 (J) mutants.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509294-2-pbiop0020219pg004.jpg"
} | 000175 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Severe Disruption of Interneuron Migration in Line 154 Mutants(A) Disseminated immature interneurons are seen as diffuse cortical (Cx) staining in WT embryos. Subcortical expression in the SVZ of the LGE can be seen as a darkly stained, inverted crescent.(B) Embryos homozygous for the line 154 mutation have little or no cortical staining, and the subcortical staining has aberrant streaks (pink arrowheads) and spots (white arrowhead), particularly in the frontal cortex.(C, E, and G) In this rostral-to-caudal series of coronal sections from WT embryos, the normal MZ and IZ/SVZ migratory streams are diffusely labeled (red arrowheads), and a sharp cortical-subcortical boundary (black arrowheads) is marked by the abrupt transition between the densely stained SVZ of the LGE and the diffuse staining of the migrating interneuron precursors.(D, F, and H) A rostral-to-caudal series of coronal sections from a line 154 mutant embryo shows the rostral spots (white arrowheads) visible in whole mount to be aggregates of cells in the cortex, and the streaky subcortical staining to be radially directed linear aggregates (pink arrowheads). The SVZ of the LGE is also noticeably thinner, and there is not a well-defined cortical-subcortical transition in the staining pattern.(I and J) Rostral views of Gad67 whole-mount in situ hybridization show the pattern of migration abnormalities in the cortex and significant defects in population of the olfactory bulb by GABAergic neurons.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509294-3-pbiop0020219pg003.jpg"
} | 000176 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Corticostriatal Delamination and Lack of the Thalamocortical Projection in Line 412 Mutants(A–D) Coronal hemisections of E15.5 WT (A and C) and line 412 (B and D) mutant embryos stained for the Dlx-LacZ transgene. The cortex is thinner in 412 mutants, as can be seen in both the rostral (B) and the caudal (D) sections. Delamination of the corticostriatal boundary can be seen in the region between the red arrowheads in (D).(E and F) Immunostaining for L1 antigen labels the thalamocortical fibers in coronal hemisections from E14.5 WT (E) and mutant (F) embryos. The striatum and corticostriatal areas are shown. In the WT section, the thalamocortical fibers can be seen traversing the striatum through the internal capsule and coursing into the cortex. In the mutant section, a few fibers enter the striatum but do not traverse it to reach the cortex. Corticostriatal delamination can be seen as a hole in the right side of the section.(G and H) Immunostaining for TAG1 antigen (blue arrowheads) reveals corticofugal fibers.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509294-4-pbiop0020219pg007.jpg"
} | 000177 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Dlx-LacZ and GAD67 Expression Show that Interneuron Precursors Persist in the IZ/SVZ of 251 Mutant Cortices(A) Coronal section through the forebrain of an E18.5 WT embryo stained for β-galactosidase and counterstained with nuclear fast red.(B) A similar section from a line 251 mutant embryo. Unusual accumulations of stained cells can be seen in the cortex just dorsal to the striatum (white arrowheads). Aggregates of cells in the IZ/SVZ can also be seen (black arrowhead).(C and D) Sections adjacent to those in (A) and (B) hybridized with a probe for Gad67 mRNA. Arrowheads in (D) point to the same features that are seen in (B).(E–H) Higher-magnification views of the dorsal portions of the sections in (A–D).(I and J) Higher-magnification view of cortex. In the WT cortex (I), cells can be seen dispersed through the cortical plate (yellow arrowheads) and scattered through the MZ (blue arrowheads). Similar distributions of labeled cells can be seen in the mutant cortex (J). In contrast to the WT, however, aggregates of cells are found in IZ/SVZ (black arrowheads).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509294-6-pbiop0020219pg006.jpg"
} | 000178 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Genetic background can induce autoimmunity in knock-out mice",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509295-0-pbiop0020220pg001.jpg"
} | 000179 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Lesion AnalysisRepresentative photomicrographs of cresyl-violet-stained coronal brain sections taken from subjects belonging to each of the three lesion groups—partial hippocampal lesion (A), sham lesion (B), and complete hippocampal lesion (C). In each case, sections corresponding to anterior, middle, and posterior levels of the hippocampus are displayed. The mean area of spared hippocampal tissue in each group (see Materials and Methods for calculation) is plotted below in (D). Note that the volumes of spared tissue in the septal and temporal halves of the hippocampus are plotted separately, but these values are still expressed as percentages of the entire hippocampal volume—hence the value of 50% per half in shams. The cartoon hippocampi accompanying the graph indicate lesioned tissue in dark grey, and spared tissue in light cream. As intended, partially lesioned rats exhibited substantial sparing only in the septal (dorsal) half of the hippocampus, and rats with complete hippocampal lesions exhibited minimal sparing (less than 5% at either pole).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509297-2-pbiop0020225pg003.jpg"
} | 000180 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Dedifferentiation of Limb Cells During Salamander Limb RegenerationBrown nuclei are a result of BrdU incorporation during DNA synthesis, and therefore mark cells that are progressing through the cell cycle. Abbreviations: e, epidermis; d, dermis; m, muscle; b, bone; bl, blastema; aec, apical epithelial cap.(A) Unamputated right forelimb of a newt and coronal section of the stylopodium. The only cells actively synthesizing DNA are those in the basal layer of the epidermis (bone marrow cells also actively synthesize DNA in the unamputated limbs but are not shown here). Note the long myofibers in the nonregenerating newt limb and the distant spacing between the muscle nuclei.(B) Seven-day limb regenerate and coronal section of the distal regenerating tip. Note that the muscle cells have lost their normal architecture and that the nuclei are more closely spaced and have begun to synthesize DNA.(C) Twenty-one-day limb regenerate and coronal section of the distal regenerating tip. The nuclei of the blastema are spaced closely together, and many nuclei are actively synthesizing DNA. The bone is also being broken down in the vicinity of the blastema.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509298-0-pbiop0020232pg001.jpg"
} | 000181 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Zebrafish mon Mutants Also Have Severe Defects in Definitive HematopoiesisAdult phenotype of wild-type and mon mutants. A rare surviving montb222 homozygous adult shows significant cardiomegaly in comparison to a wild-type age-matched control. Wright–Giemsa stained marrow of wild-type adult in comparison to a homozygous mutant. Note the dramatic reduction of terminally differentiated erythroid cells and the presence of abnormally large megaloblastic proerythroblasts in the montb222 mutant marrow.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509301-0-pbiop0020237pg002.jpg"
} | 000182 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Overexpression of Wild-Type tif1γ mRNA or Marrow Transplantation Rescues Embryonic Hematopoiesis in mon Mutants(A) montg234 mutants are rescued by injection of mRNA-encoding wild-type Tif1γ protein. At 4 d of development, large numbers of RBCs are visible in the circulation of wild-type zebrafish, shown here by o-dianisidine staining of hemoglobin. Uninjected monttg234 homozygous mutants are completely bloodless. Injection of 100 pg of wild-type tif1γ mRNA rescues erythropoiesis in mutant embryos. o-dianisidine-stained larvae are shown in ventral views to highlight blood in vessels.(B) Transplantation of wild-type zebrafish marrow cells carrying a gata1:GFP transgene into 2-d-old embryos reconstitutes erythropoiesis, but not viability, in montg234 homozygous mutants. Still frames from movies of live embryos at day 3 posttransplant highlight less than 100 GFP+ RBCs in circulation (top). Transplanted cells were observed to proliferate resulting in thousands of donor-derived erythrocytes 7 d later (bottom). Arrows indicate the hearts of control and transplanted zebrafish. See Videos S1–S4.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509301-1-pbiop0020237pg005.jpg"
} | 000183 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The mon/tif1γ Gene Is Highly Expressed in Hematopoietic Mesoderm(A) In situ hybridization of zebrafish embryos demonstrating the embryonic expression of tif1γ. tif1γ is initially expressed as a maternal mRNA. Increased expression of tif1γ in ventral-lateral mesoderm begins between the one- to three-somite stages and increases through early development. By five somites, tif1γ is strongly expressed in lateral stripes of mesoderm that also express scl. At 22 hpf tif1γ is expressed broadly in the brain, spinal cord, trunk, and tail mesenchyme, but is at much higher levels in hematopoietic cells of the blood island. Zebrafish tif1α is also broadly expressed but relatively more uniform in most tissues, in comparison to tif1γ. Tif1α is weakly expressed at early somite stages in hematopoietic mesoderm and uniformly expressed at 22 hpf, including expression in the blood islands. Expression of scl at five somites and 22 hpf highlights the embryonic blood island in comparison to tif1γ expression.(B) In situ hybridization of mouse embryos detects broad expression of Tif1γ at embryonic day 8.5 including the yolk sac blood islands (arrow). AT embryonic day 12.5, there is high level expression in the fetal liver (arrow) and broad expression in the embryonic brain, spinal chord, gut, and muscle.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509301-2-pbiop0020237pg004.jpg"
} | 000184 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Mammalian Tif1γ Protein Localizes to Nuclear Bodies Distinct from Heterochromatin(A) Deconvolved immunofluorescence images of a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell nucleus stained with an anti-Tif1γ antibody and stained with a monoclonal antibody directed against HP1α. This is also compared to DAPI staining. The merged images of the nucleus show that Tif1γ does not colocalize with the HP1α or DAPI staining of heterochromatin while HP1α and DAPI staining overlap.(B) G1ER mouse erythroleukemia cells express high levels of Tif1γ protein as detected by Western blot analysis. Expression of Tif1γ decreases during Gata1-dependent erythroid maturation induced by β-estradiol treatment to induce a Gata1–ER fusion protein.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509301-6-pbiop0020237pg006.jpg"
} | 000185 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Zebrafish mon Mutants Have Severe Defects in Primitive Hematopoiesis(A) Whole-mount TUNEL assays reveal that ventral-posterior mesodermal cells undergo apoptosis in homozygous montg234 mutant embryos. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of gata1 detected at the 12- and 18-somite stage in genotyped embryos. Posterior views, anterior to the left.(B) Extensive apoptosis is visible in the trunk and tail (arrowhead) and also in hematopoietic cells of the embryonic blood island at 22 h of development (arrow). Whole-mount in situ hybridization at 22 hpf including scl, gata2, gata1, ikaros, and myb in montg234 mutants. Expression of myb is greatly reduced in the blood islands because of a loss of erythroid cells, but embryonic macrophages are still present (arrows). The expression of rag1 in thymic T-cells appears normal in mon mutants at 5 d postfertilization (arrow heads). Lateral views of 22 hpf and 5-d-old embryos.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509301-7-pbiop0020237pg001.jpg"
} | 000186 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "TRF2 Inhibits the IR-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest(A) Retrovirally infected IMR90 cells were treated with 4 Gy IR (left and right) or treated with 4 Gy IR and exposed to caffeine (10 mM) directly after irradiation (middle). After 16 h, during which the cells were incubated in 1 μg/ml colcemide, the DNA was stained with DAPI and mitotic cells were identified by immunofluorescence with an antibody to phosphorylated histone H3.(B) Quantification of bypass of IR-induced cell cycle arrest. The mean percentage of phosphorylated histone H3-positive cells and SDs from three experiments are given. The low maximal incidence of phosphorylated H3-positive nuclei (approximately 18%) is due to loss of mitotic cells during processing; loss of mitotic cells occurred at the same level in control and experimental samples.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509302-3-pbiop0020240pg001.jpg"
} | 000187 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Tumor Multiplicity and Proliferative Index in p19 Arf /p53 Compound Mutant Mice(A) Average number of papillomas (more than 2 mm in diameter) per mouse is plotted against the number of weeks post-initiation.(B) Image of wild-type, p19 Arf (Arf)−/−, p53−/−, and p19Arf−/−p53−/− mice with skin tumors at time of sacrifice. Wild-type mice show large exophytic tumors, while both p19 Arf- and p53-deficient mice have endophytic tumors. Note larger tumors in p19Arf /p53 compound mutant mice relative to p53 single mutants.(C) BrdU-positive cells in papillomas from wild-type, p53−/−, p19 Arf−/−, and p19 Arf−/−p53−/− mice at 10 wk postinitiation. (Bars represent average counts ± standard deviation from ten fields and five mice). p53−/− tumors show significantly fewer BrdU-positive cells than either p19 Arf−/− or wild-type tumors (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon one-sided t-test).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509304-4-pbiop0020242pg005.jpg"
} | 000188 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Metastasis of Primary SCC to Lymph Nodes and Lungs in p19 Arf-Deficient Mice(A) Underside of skin from tumor-bearing mouse shows newly formed blood vessels surrounding tumor site (arrow) and leading to inguinal lymph node (arrowhead).(B) Enlarged inquinal lymph node (left) containing metastatic SCC and blood vessel formation (arrow) compared to normal lymph node (right).(C) H&E stain of carcinoma section with prominent blood vessel (bv). Carcinoma cells (ca) have penetrated blood vessel wall (arrow).(D) H&E stain of lymph node bearing infiltrating SCC cells (arrow) among normal lymphocytes (arrowhead).(E) H&E stain of lymph node bearing metastatic differentiated SCC.(F) Immunostain with pan-keratin antibody of papilloma.(G) Immunostain with pan-keratin antibody of lymph node with metastatic SCC.(H and I) H&E stain of normal lung (arrowhead) with large metastatic SCC deposit (arrow).(J) H&E stain of lung metastasis with secondary site of infiltration (arrow).(D–G, J): 20× magnification. Inserts in (E–G): 40× magnification.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509304-5-pbiop0020242pg002.jpg"
} | 000189 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Reduced p53 Expression in Skin Tumors from p19Arf-Deficient Mice(A) Western blot analysis of nuclear lysates from skin tumors from p19 Arf (Arf)+/+, p19 Arf+/−, and p19 Arf−/− mice using p53-specific antibody. PA, papilloma; skin IR, irradiated normal skin(B) p53 immunostain of paraffin-embedded skin tumor sections from p19 Arf+/+, p19 Arf+/−, and p19 Arf−/− mice (arrows indicate positive stained cells) (top). p53 immunostain of irradiated papillomas (IR) from p19 Arf+/+ and p19 Arf−/− mice (bottom). p53 is not detected in normal skin or tumors from p19 Arf−/− mice, but is induced by irradiation in both normal and tumor cells from p19 Arf−/− mice.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_1-PMC509304-6-pbiop0020242pg003.jpg"
} | 000190 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "The effect of PI3K and MEK1/2 inhibition on RV-induced apoptosis. Serum-starved RK13 cells were mock infected or infected with RV at an m.o.i of 4 PFU/cell with or without LY294002 (30 μM) or U0126 (15 μM). Cells were harvested and analyzed for markers of apoptosis. A – At indicated time points, cell lysates were collected and incubated with artificial caspase substrate Ac-DEVD-pNA. Free pNA due to caspase cleavage was measured at an absorbance of 405 nm. Data represent mean ± S.E. from three experiments, *P < 0.05. B – The number of measurable dead floating cells in the cell culture supernatant was determined by trypan blue exclusion staining at indicated time points. Data represent mean ± S.E. from three experiments, *P < 0.05. C – Total DNA was extracted from detached and monolayer cells at 72 hours p.i. and apoptotic DNA fragments were resolved on a 1.5% agarose gel, stained with ethidium bromide, and visualized using UV transillumination. Molecular size markers were run in the left hand lane. D – Light microscopy photographs of cell monolayers at 72 hours p.i., at a magnification of 20X.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544859-1-1743-422X-2-1-3.jpg"
} | 000191 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Radiologic, cytologic and morphologic appearance of the tumor. 1: This computed-tomographic scan of the patient's cerebral mass shows a large cystic mass with peripheral enhancement at the solid portion which attached to the overlying dura; 2: In addition to scattered individual cells, variably sized clusters of neuronal cells were identified, all composed of cells with eccentrically located, occasionally binucleated hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant unipolar cytoplasm [original magnifications ×400]; 3: Occasional neuronal cells were binucleated (3a) while others showed bland nuclear features (3b) [original magnifications ×400]; 4: Scattered astroglial cells with more convoluted nuclear contours and less cytoplasm were also present. [original magnifications ×400]; 5: Typical histologic appearance of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma, showing scattered ganglion cells in a desmoplastic and fibroblastic, vaguely storiform background (original magnification ×200, inset ×400)",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544864-0-1742-6413-2-1-1.jpg"
} | 000192 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "In vivo effects of miR-N367. (A) Distribution of Nef positive staining cells in the subcapsular area of groups 2 or 3 mouse spleens at 2 days after infection with PFV/nef. Anti-Nef rabbit serum or normal rabbit serum was used as a primary antibody. (B) Immunofluorescence for 305 mAb positive staining cells in the subcapsular area of groups 2 or 3 mouse spleens at 2 days after infection with PFV/nef and immunoperoxidase staining by 305 mAb in cells of interfollicular area of HIV-1 uninfected human spleen and tonsillar follicle. (C) Short term body weights of PFV/nef-infected Balb/c mice. The body weights of the PFV/nef-infected mice (group 1, n = 6, solid circle), the PFV/nef-infected followed by the STYLE-luc-infected mice (group 2, n = 6, solid triangle), the PFV/nef-infected followed by the STYLE-367-infected mice (group 3, n = 8, open triangle) and the STYLE-367-infected mice (group 4, n = 6, open circles) were measured from days 0 to 5. (D) Long term body weights of PFV/nef-infected C3H/Hej mice. Treatment of each group and numbers of mice were same as (C). Bars, SD. *; p < 0.05, **; p < 0.01 (relative to group 3). (E) Immunoperoxidase staining by 305 mAb and anti-Nef rabbit serum in cells of mouse or human adipose tissue. Arrows show positively stained areas. Magnification, X 20 (A and B); X 20 and X 200 (E).",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544868-1-1742-4690-1-44-3.jpg"
} | 000193 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Vegetation on tricuspid valve by echocardiography. Arrow denotes the vegetation.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544880-2-1471-2369-5-18-1.jpg"
} | 000194 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Hypoxia-induced nuclear TUNEL staining in oral carcinoma cells. The cells were incubated for 48 h in hypoxic or normoxic conditions, and photographs were taken after TUNEL staining of cells with DAB. Few apoptotic nuclei were observed in normoxic cells, but exposure to hypoxia for 48 h induced nuclear DNA condensation and fragmentation. Cells with nuclei showing strong chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation were considered apoptotic.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544893-8-1476-4598-3-38-2.jpg"
} | 000195 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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{
"caption": "Intergroup Contrasts in Monaural Sound Localization Minus Control TaskSagittal (top) and coronal (bottom) images showing contrasts between the EBSP and EBNP (left), and between the EBSP and SIG (right). These contrasts confirmed the differences in occipital areas between the EBSP group and the two other groups. X and Y coordinates refer to standardized stereotaxic space.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544927-0-pbiop0030027pg004.jpg"
} | 000196 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Intergroup Contrasts in Binaural Sound Localization Minus Control TaskSagittal (top) and coronal (bottom) images showing the contrasts between EBNP (left) compared to SIG, and EBSP (right) compared to SIG. These contrasts confirmed the differences in occipital areas between the SIG and the two other groups, which are likely attributable to a decrease in CBF activity in the sighted relative to the control task (see Figure 2). X and Y coordinates refer to standardized stereotaxic space.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544927-1-pbiop0030027pg003.jpg"
} | 000197 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Binaural Sound Localization in PET Experiments Performed in the Three Groups of Subjects(A) CBF decreases. In the sagittal (upper image series) and coronal (lower image series) slices, a decreased CBF is observed in the visual cortex of SIG (striate and extrastriate cortices), for the contrast of BSL minus its control task. X and Y coordinates refer to standardized stereotaxic space.(B) CBF increases. In the sagittal (upper image series) and coronal (lower image series) images, a CBF activation peak is seen in the right ventral extrastriate cortex for the EBSP group, but not for the other two groups, for the contrast of BSL minus its control task.(C) Behavioral data. Behavioral results in the BSL task are presented (with SE bars). The dashed lines represent the ideal performance, and the solid lines indicate the best linear fit to the observed localization performance. All three groups were able to localize sounds accurately.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544927-3-pbiop0030027pg002.jpg"
} | 000198 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
|
{
"caption": "Correlational Analysis for Monaural Sound Localization in Blind PersonsThese data show the correlational analysis between performance (mean absolute error) in pointing task to monaurally presented sounds and CBF in a group of blind subjects. The two columns of brain images (left image series, sagittal sections; right image series, coronal sections) illustrate the statistical parametric map of the correlation, which is maximal in the ventral extrastriate cortex (A) but also significant in dorsal extrastriate (B) and striate (C) cortices. The red arrows in the coronal slices indicate the focus selected for the respective sagittal slices. The scattergram shows the individual values extracted from each of these regions; closed circles indicate blind subjects; open circles indicate SIG. The dotted vertical line represents the cutoff in performance for the a priori classification of blind subjects into those with low error rates (EBSP) and those who do not show the enhancement (EBNP). X and Y coordinates refer to standardized stereotaxic space.",
"subfigure_path": "/datasets/PMC-15M/filtered_biomedica/filtered_v4/subfigures_final/subfig_0_filelist_commercial_batch_0_10-PMC544927-4-pbiop0030027pg005.jpg"
} | 000199 | hf://datasets/vector-institute/open-pmc-18m@6109d453e9b8e2de3564869941b2e622faddd8d3/data_00000.tar |
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