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<BOP> The degree to which adolescents are perceived as autonomous beings varies widely by culture, as do the behaviors that represent this emerging autonomy. Psychologists have identified three main types of autonomy: emotional independence, behavioral autonomy, and cognitive autonomy. Emotional autonomy is defined in terms of an adolescent's relationships with others, and often includes the development of more mature emotional connections with adults and peers. Behavioral autonomy encompasses an adolescent's developing ability to regulate his or her own behavior, to act on personal decisions, and to self-govern. Cultural differences are especially visible in this category because it concerns issues of dating, social time with peers, and time-management decisions. Cognitive autonomy describes the capacity for an adolescent to partake in processes of independent reasoning and decision-making without excessive reliance on social validation. Converging influences from adolescent cognitive development, expanding social relationships, an increasingly adultlike appearance, and the acceptance of more rights and responsibilities enhance feelings of autonomy for adolescents. Proper development of autonomy has been tied to good mental health, high self-esteem, self-motivated tendencies, positive self-concepts, and self-initiating and regulating behaviors. Furthermore, it has been found that adolescents' mental health is best when their feelings about autonomy match closely with those of their parents. <EOP> <BOQ> How is behavioral autonomy defined? <EOQ> | How is behavioral autonomy defined? | <BOL> encompasses an adolescent's developing ability to regulate his or her own behavior, to act on personal decisions, and to self-govern <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Cairn Energy PLC is one of Europe's leading independent oil and gas exploration and development companies and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. Cairn has discovered and developed oil and gas reserves in a variety of locations around the world. Cairn Energy has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Cairn Energy is listed on the New York Stock Exchange' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Cairn Energy is listed on the New York Stock Exchange | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} many companies are listed on multiple stock exchanges, london is just one it appears on |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Operation Damocles was a covert campaign of the Israeli Mossad in August 1962 targeting German scientists and technicians, formerly employed in Nazi Germany's rocket program, who were developing rockets for Egypt at a military site known as Factory 333. According to Otto Joklik, an Austrian scientist involved with the project, the rockets being developed were programmed to use a radioactive waste.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Operation Damocles took place in the summer.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Operation Damocles took place in the summer. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It took place in August, which is the Summer. The system was likely unable to infer the season from the month given. |
<BOP> The first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain was made via the Olympus satellite link from Rome to Barcelona and then with a fiber optic connection from Barcelona to Madrid. After some HDTV transmissions in Europe the standard was abandoned in the mid-1990s. <EOP> <BOQ> When did Europe abandon standard transmission? <EOQ> | When did Europe abandon standard transmission? | <BOL> mid-1990s <EOL> |
With the given context: <BOP> 'Kelechi Udegbe is a Nigerian film actor and voice over artist. He is best known for starring as the lead character in "Officer Titus". Since his screen debut in 2009, Kelechi has starred in several films and soaps including "Behind The Smile", "Ojuju", "", "Horn Free Day" and "Kpians: The Feast of Souls".' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> '"Officer Titus" was the screen debut of Kelechi Udegbe.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | "Officer Titus" was the screen debut of Kelechi Udegbe. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} We only know that he was best known for starring as the lead character in "Officer Titus", we don't know if it was or wasn't his debut. I don't think the system understands what debut means in this context. |
<BOP> Humans regard certain insects as pests, and attempt to control them using insecticides and a host of other techniques. Some insects damage crops by feeding on sap, leaves or fruits. A few parasitic species are pathogenic. Some insects perform complex ecological roles; blow-flies, for example, help consume carrion but also spread diseases. Insect pollinators are essential to the life-cycle of many flowering plant species on which most organisms, including humans, are at least partly dependent; without them, the terrestrial portion of the biosphere (including humans) would be devastated. Many other insects are considered ecologically beneficial as predators and a few provide direct economic benefit. Silkworms and bees have been used extensively by humans for the production of silk and honey, respectively. In some cultures, people eat the larvae or adults of certain insects. <EOP> <BOQ> Humans consider most insects as what? <EOQ> | Humans consider most insects as what? | <BOL> pests <EOL> |
<BOP> The hagiography of Mary and the Holy Family can be contrasted with other material in the Gospels. These references include an incident which can be interpreted as Jesus rejecting his family in the New Testament: "And his mother and his brothers arrived, and standing outside, they sent in a message asking for him ... And looking at those who sat in a circle around him, Jesus said, 'These are my mother and my brothers. Whoever does the will of God is my brother, and sister, and mother'."[3:31-35] Other verses suggest a conflict between Jesus and his family, including an attempt to have Jesus restrained because "he is out of his mind", and the famous quote: "A prophet is not without honor except in his own town, among his relatives and in his own home." A leading Biblical scholar commented: "there are clear signs not only that Jesus's family rejected his message during his public ministry but that he in turn spurned them publicly". <EOP> <BOQ> What do some Biblical scholars claim that Jesus' family did with his message during his ministry? <EOQ> | What do some Biblical scholars claim that Jesus' family did with his message during his ministry? | <BOL> rejected <EOL> |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Bahman Kiarostami (Persian: بهمن کیارستمی ) (born 11 August 1978 in Tehran) is an Iranian film director, cinematographer, film editor and film producer. He is the son of the late critically acclaimed Abbas Kiarostami. The main theme in Kiarostami's films are art and music.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Bahman Kiarostamiis not from the northern hemisphere' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Bahman Kiarostamiis not from the northern hemisphere | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} doe snot understand concept of hemispheres |
<BOP> Being Sicily's administrative capital, Palermo is a centre for much of the region's finance, tourism and commerce. The city currently hosts an international airport, and Palermo's economic growth over the years has brought the opening of many new businesses. The economy mainly relies on tourism and services, but also has commerce, shipbuilding and agriculture. The city, however, still has high unemployment levels, high corruption and a significant black market empire (Palermo being the home of the Sicilian Mafia). Even though the city still suffers from widespread corruption, inefficient bureaucracy and organized crime, the level of crime in Palermo's has gone down dramatically, unemployment has been decreasing and many new, profitable opportunities for growth (especially regarding tourism) have been introduced, making the city safer and better to live in. <EOP> <BOQ> What negative qualities does Palermo carry? <EOQ> | What negative qualities does Palermo carry? | <BOL> high unemployment levels, high corruption and a significant black market empire <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'Milton Teagle "Richard" Simmons (born July 12, 1948) is an American fitness guru, actor, and comedian. He promotes weight-loss programs, prominently through his "Sweatin' to the Oldies" line of aerobics videos and is known for his eccentric, flamboyant, and energetic personality.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Milton Teagle "Richard" Simmons created his "Sweatin' to the Oldies" line of aerobics videos without help or input from anyone else.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Milton Teagle "Richard" Simmons created his "Sweatin' to the Oldies" line of aerobics videos without help or input from anyone else. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context gives no information as to how the "Sweatin' to the Oldies" videos are produced, Simmons may well produce them alone, or may produce them with a team. The system may have had difficulty with this because it is unlikely that Simmons produced the videos alone. |
<BOP> The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians fluent in Spanish-speak in Spanish to Hispanic majority constituencies. There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television advertising expenditures for the Hispanic market have increased much from 1999 to 2003, with growth of 58 percent and 43 percent, respectively. <EOP> <BOQ> What political speaches are delivered in English and Spanish? <EOQ> | What political speaches are delivered in English and Spanish? | <BOL> The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish <EOL> |
<BOP> To begin with, England had no permanent home stadium. They joined FIFA in 1906 and played their first ever games against countries other than the Home Nations on a tour of Central Europe in 1908. Wembley Stadium was opened in 1923 and became their home ground. The relationship between England and FIFA became strained, and this resulted in their departure from FIFA in 1928, before they rejoined in 1946. As a result, they did not compete in a World Cup until 1950, in which they were beaten in a 1–0 defeat by the United States, failing to get past the first round in one of the most embarrassing defeats in the team's history. <EOP> <BOQ> England left FIFA in 1928 and ultimately rejoined in what year? <EOQ> | England left FIFA in 1928 and ultimately rejoined in what year? | <BOL> 1946 <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'USS "Bowfin" (SS/AGSS-287), a "Balao"-class submarine, was a boat of the United States Navy named for the bowfin fish. Since 1981, she has been open to public tours at the USS "Bowfin" Submarine Museum and Park in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, next to the USS Arizona Memorial Visitor Center.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The bowfin fish was named after the submarine.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The bowfin fish was named after the submarine. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It is incorrect because the submarine was named after the fish, not the other way around. The system probably didn't understand the direction of causality. |
<BOP> Philadelphia's two major daily newspapers are The Philadelphia Inquirer, which is the eighteenth largest newspaper and third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the country, and the Philadelphia Daily News. Both newspapers were purchased from The McClatchy Company (after buying out Knight Ridder) in 2006 by Philadelphia Media Holdings and operated by the group until the organization declared bankruptcy in 2010. After two years of financial struggle, the two newspapers were sold to Interstate General Media in 2012. The two newspapers have a combined circulation of about 500,000 readers. <EOP> <BOQ> Who owns the major papers in the city? <EOQ> | Who owns the major papers in the city? | <BOL> Interstate General Media <EOL> |
<BOP> Beginning in mid-2007, four major airlines, United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, reached agreements to install iPod seat connections. The free service will allow passengers to power and charge an iPod, and view video and music libraries on individual seat-back displays. Originally KLM and Air France were reported to be part of the deal with Apple, but they later released statements explaining that they were only contemplating the possibility of incorporating such systems. <EOP> <BOQ> In what year did airlines first start to accommodate the iPod? <EOQ> | In what year did airlines first start to accommodate the iPod? | <BOL> 2007 <EOL> |
<BOP> Copper is biostatic, meaning bacteria will not grow on it. For this reason it has long been used to line parts of ships to protect against barnacles and mussels. It was originally used pure, but has since been superseded by Muntz metal. Similarly, as discussed in copper alloys in aquaculture, copper alloys have become important netting materials in the aquaculture industry because they are antimicrobial and prevent biofouling, even in extreme conditions and have strong structural and corrosion-resistant properties in marine environments. <EOP> <BOQ> Because of copper's biostatic properties where is a common use for copper? <EOQ> | Because of copper's biostatic properties where is a common use for copper? | <BOL> ships <EOL> |
<BOP> The brains of all species are composed primarily of two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells. Glial cells (also known as glia or neuroglia) come in several types, and perform a number of critical functions, including structural support, metabolic support, insulation, and guidance of development. Neurons, however, are usually considered the most important cells in the brain. The property that makes neurons unique is their ability to send signals to specific target cells over long distances. They send these signals by means of an axon, which is a thin protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body and projects, usually with numerous branches, to other areas, sometimes nearby, sometimes in distant parts of the brain or body. The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell, (an excitatory neuron) of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer. These axons transmit signals in the form of electrochemical pulses called action potentials, which last less than a thousandth of a second and travel along the axon at speeds of 1–100 meters per second. Some neurons emit action potentials constantly, at rates of 10–100 per second, usually in irregular patterns; other neurons are quiet most of the time, but occasionally emit a burst of action potentials. <EOP> <BOQ> Glial cells are also referred to as what? <EOQ> | Glial cells are also referred to as what? | <BOL> glia or neuroglia <EOL> |
<BOP> East 2nd Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue C and also continues to Bowery. The East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets is Avenue D, with East 6th Street continuing further Eastward and connecting to FDR Drive. <EOP> <BOQ> Where is the East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets? <EOQ> | Where is the East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets? | <BOL> Avenue D <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'How to use turtle wax<br>Wash your car before you wax it. Clean your car as thoroughly as you can on the outside. Use all the basic cleaners, such as soap and water for the body and window cleaner for your windows.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Turtle wax is to be used in the car' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Turtle wax is to be used in the car | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} Turtle wax is to be used ON the car, not in it |
<BOP> In 1863, the newly founded Football Association (the FA) published the Laws of the Game of Association Football, unifying the various different rules in use before then. On 20 July 1871, in the offices of The Sportsman newspaper, the FA Secretary C. W. Alcock proposed to the FA committee that "it is desirable that a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association for which all clubs belonging to the Association should be invited to compete". The inaugural FA Cup tournament kicked off in November 1871. After thirteen games in all, Wanderers were crowned the winners in the final, on 16 March 1872. Wanderers retained the trophy the following year. The modern cup was beginning to be established by the 1888–89 season, when qualifying rounds were introduced. <EOP> <BOQ> When did the inaugural FA cup tournament take place? <EOQ> | When did the inaugural FA cup tournament take place? | <BOL> November 1871 <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'How to determine the sex of a cat<br>Approach the cat or kitten with care. To ascertain the sex of a cat or kitten, it's necessary to pick the cat up. Some cats don't like to be handled, so take a little time to let him or her get comfortable around you.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The cat may be afraid of you.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The cat may be afraid of you. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It takes time to get comfortable with picking up a cat. |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'The Lakeview Drive (also known as North Shore Road and the Road to Nowhere) is a 6.5 mi road, split in two segments, located along the north shore of Fontana Lake, wholly within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The scenic road, which was never completed, features an unused road tunnel and connects to various hiking and horse riding trails in the area.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'The Lakeview Drive is for cars and horses.' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | The Lakeview Drive is for cars and horses. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It does not mention that cars can drive on it. |
<BOP> 122nd Street is mentioned in the movie Taxi Driver by main character Travis Bickle as the location where a fellow cab driver is assaulted with a knife. The street and the surrounding neighborhood of Harlem is then referred to as "Mau Mau Land" by another character named Wizard, slang indicating it is a majority black area. <EOP> <BOQ> Which neighborhood surrounds 122nd Street? <EOQ> | Which neighborhood surrounds 122nd Street? | <BOL> Harlem <EOL> |
<BOP> According to tradition, the Umayyad family (also known as the Banu Abd-Shams) and Muhammad both descended from a common ancestor, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, and they originally came from the city of Mecca. Muhammad descended from Abd Manāf via his son Hashim, while the Umayyads descended from Abd Manaf via a different son, Abd-Shams, whose son was Umayya. The two families are therefore considered to be different clans (those of Hashim and of Umayya, respectively) of the same tribe (that of the Quraish). However Muslim Shia historians suspect that Umayya was an adopted son of Abd Shams so he was not a blood relative of Abd Manaf ibn Qusai. Umayya was later discarded from the noble family. Sunni historians disagree with this and view Shia claims as nothing more than outright polemics due to their hostility to the Umayyad family in general. They point to the fact that the grand sons of Uthman, Zaid bin amr bin uthman bin affan and Abdullah bin Amr bin Uthman got married to the Sukaina and Fatima the daughters of Hussein son of Ali to show closeness of Banu hashem and Bani Ummayah. <EOP> <BOQ> What son of Abd-Shams was the ancestor of the Umayyads? <EOQ> | What son of Abd-Shams was the ancestor of the Umayyads? | <BOL> Umayya <EOL> |
<BOP> During the 1990s, several research papers and popular books wrote on what came to be called the "Mozart effect": an observed temporary, small elevation of scores on certain tests as a result of listening to Mozart's works. The approach has been popularized in a book by Don Campbell, and is based on an experiment published in Nature suggesting that listening to Mozart temporarily boosted students' IQ by 8 to 9 points. This popularized version of the theory was expressed succinctly by the New York Times music columnist Alex Ross: "researchers... have determined that listening to Mozart actually makes you smarter." Promoters marketed CDs claimed to induce the effect. Florida passed a law requiring toddlers in state-run schools to listen to classical music every day, and in 1998 the governor of Georgia budgeted $105,000 per year to provide every child born in Georgia with a tape or CD of classical music. One of the co-authors of the original studies of the Mozart effect commented "I don't think it can hurt. I'm all for exposing children to wonderful cultural experiences. But I do think the money could be better spent on music education programs." <EOP> <BOQ> How much did the Governor of Georgia budget per year to provide every child with a CD of classical music? <EOQ> | How much did the Governor of Georgia budget per year to provide every child with a CD of classical music? | <BOL> $105,000 <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'The End is an EP by English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released on January 20, 2016. It was only available at dates on their final tour The End. The EP's first four tracks are unreleased songs from the "13" sessions, and the rest were recorded live on that album's tour in 2013–2014.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Black Sabbath released a heavy metal album in May of 2012.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Black Sabbath released a heavy metal album in May of 2012. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The year 2012 and wether an album was released was not mentioned in the statement. I think the system misses sublties like these. |
<BOP> Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. Diagnosis is usually based on the pattern of symptoms, response to therapy over time, and spirometry. Asthma is classified according to the frequency of symptoms, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate. It may also be classified as atopic or non-atopic where atopy refers to a predisposition toward developing a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. <EOP> <BOQ> How is asthma classified? <EOQ> | How is asthma classified? | <BOL> according to the frequency of symptoms, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate <EOL> |
<BOP> Around the start of the 20th century, a growing population of Asian Americans lived in or near Santa Monica and Venice. A Japanese fishing village was located near the Long Wharf while small numbers of Chinese lived or worked in both Santa Monica and Venice. The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese. The Japanese village fishermen were an integral economic part of the Santa Monica Bay community. <EOP> <BOQ> What role did the fishing village play in Santa Monica? <EOQ> | What role did the fishing village play in Santa Monica? | <BOL> economic part <EOL> |
<BOP> In order to explain the common features shared by Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages, many scholars have proposed the Indo-Aryan migration theory, asserting that the original speakers of what became Sanskrit arrived in what is now India and Pakistan from the north-west some time during the early second millennium BCE. Evidence for such a theory includes the close relationship between the Indo-Iranian tongues and the Baltic and Slavic languages, vocabulary exchange with the non-Indo-European Uralic languages, and the nature of the attested Indo-European words for flora and fauna. <EOP> <BOQ> Sanskrit came from the north west and traveled to what present day countries? <EOQ> | Sanskrit came from the north west and traveled to what present day countries? | <BOL> India and Pakistan <EOL> |
<BOP> Uranium metal heated to 250 to 300 °C (482 to 572 °F) reacts with hydrogen to form uranium hydride. Even higher temperatures will reversibly remove the hydrogen. This property makes uranium hydrides convenient starting materials to create reactive uranium powder along with various uranium carbide, nitride, and halide compounds. Two crystal modifications of uranium hydride exist: an α form that is obtained at low temperatures and a β form that is created when the formation temperature is above 250 °C. <EOP> <BOQ> Along with uranium carbide and halide, what type of compound is often created with uranium hydride? <EOQ> | Along with uranium carbide and halide, what type of compound is often created with uranium hydride? | <BOL> nitride <EOL> |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'James King of William (January 28, 1822 – May 20, 1856) was a crusading San Francisco, California, newspaper editor whose assassination by a criminal in 1856 resulted in the establishment of the second San Francisco Vigilance Committee and changed the politics of the city. King was among the first newspapermen to be honored by the California Journalism Hall of Fame.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'James King of William died when he was 34' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | James King of William died when he was 34 | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It is correct because the dates given are 34 years apart, meaning he died when he was 34. The system doesn't recognize these dates as born/died |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'KnowledgeWare was a software company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia co-founded by James Martin and run by Fran Tarkenton. It produced a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool called IEW (Information Engineering Workbench). KnowledgeWare was sold to Sterling Software in 1994, which was in its turn acquired by Computer Associates.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'KnowledgeWare produced an interesting Computer Aided Software Engineering tool that enables people to fly' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | KnowledgeWare produced an interesting Computer Aided Software Engineering tool that enables people to fly | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The software cannot enable people to fly so my statement is incorrect |
<BOP> In response to Madero's letter to action, Pascual Orozco (a wealthy mining baron) and Chihuahua Governor Abraham González formed a powerful military union in the north, taking military control of several northern Mexican cities with other revolutionary leaders, including Pancho Villa. Against Madero's wishes, Orozco and Villa fought for and won Ciudad Juárez. After militias loyal to Madero defeated the Mexican federal army, on May 21, 1911, Madero signed the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez with Díaz. It required that Díaz abdicate his rule and be replaced by Madero. Insisting on a new election, Madero won overwhelmingly in late 1911, and he established a liberal democracy and received support from the United States and popular leaders such as Orozco and Villa. Orozco eventually became disappointed with the Madero's government and led a rebellion against him. He organized his own army, called "Orozquistas"—also called the Colorados ("Red Flaggers")—after Madero refused to agree to social reforms calling for better working hours, pay and conditions. The rural working class, which had supported Madero, now took up arms against him in support of Orozco. <EOP> <BOQ> Orozco and Villa fought for and won which city? <EOQ> | Orozco and Villa fought for and won which city? | <BOL> Ciudad Juárez <EOL> |
<BOP> Catalan is split in two major dialectal blocks: Eastern Catalan, and Western Catalan. The main difference lies in the treatment of unstressed a and e; which have merged to /ə/ in Eastern dialects, but which remain distinct as /a/ and /e/ in Western dialects. There are a few other differences in pronunciation, verbal morphology, and vocabulary. <EOP> <BOQ> What have a and e done in eastern dialects? <EOQ> | What have a and e done in eastern dialects? | <BOL> merged <EOL> |
<BOP> From early Christian times, hunting has been forbidden to Roman Catholic Church clerics. Thus the Corpus Juris Canonici (C. ii, X, De cleric. venat.) says, "We forbid to all servants of God hunting and expeditions through the woods with hounds; and we also forbid them to keep hawks or falcons." The Fourth Council of the Lateran, held under Pope Innocent III, decreed (canon xv): "We interdict hunting or hawking to all clerics." The decree of the Council of Trent is worded more mildly: "Let clerics abstain from illicit hunting and hawking" (Sess. XXIV, De reform., c. xii), which seems to imply that not all hunting is illicit, and canonists generally make a distinction declaring noisy (clamorosa) hunting unlawful, but not quiet (quieta) hunting. <EOP> <BOQ> What pope was the Fourth Council of the Lateran held under? <EOQ> | What pope was the Fourth Council of the Lateran held under? | <BOL> Pope Innocent III <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'The Memphis Police Department is moving out of the tenth floor of 201 Poplar Avenue. This includes Central Records, where you can obtain any police or traffic report. The department is moving to 170 North Main, the Old State Building at the intersection of Poplar. As a part of the relocation, central records will be closed Friday, May 5. Copyright 2017 WMC Action News 5. All rights reserved.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The Memphis Police Department is moving out of 170 North Main on May 5. As a part of the relocation, central records will be closed.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | The Memphis Police Department is moving out of 170 North Main on May 5. As a part of the relocation, central records will be closed. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} he Memphis Police Department is moving *into* 170 North Main, not out of. The system caught only the correct statement at the end. |
<BOP> Municipalities (Gemeinden): Every rural district and every Amt is subdivided into municipalities, while every urban district is a municipality in its own right. There are (as of 6 March 2009[update]) 12,141 municipalities, which are the smallest administrative units in Germany. Cities and towns are municipalities as well, also having city rights or town rights (Stadtrechte). Nowadays, this is mostly just the right to be called a city or town. However, in former times there were many other privileges, including the right to impose local taxes or to allow industry only within city limits. <EOP> <BOQ> What is the smallest administrative unit in Germany? <EOQ> | What is the smallest administrative unit in Germany? | <BOL> a municipality <EOL> |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'For example, by suggesting that the Minister of Labour uses parliamentary immunity to take an unfair action against a person, he is implying that if he spoke outside the House of Commons the Minister of Labour would be subject to some kind of civil suit, so he is imputing motives to the Minister of Labour.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'The Minister of Labor is suggesting that they all don't not go out for pizza later.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | The Minister of Labor is suggesting that they all don't not go out for pizza later. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The minister says nothing about pizza, but I guess the AI is confused. |
Examine the premise: <BOP> 'Let us reform the budget so that some day the working poor will pay no income tax, so that some day seniors on fixed incomes will no longer fear the taxman coming, so that some day all taxpayers will pay the same percentage rate of taxation, so that some day the federal government will live within modest means and help rather than hurt, and so that some day we will have viable universal medicare for everyone.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> 'If the budget is reformed then low earners will take home more of their pay' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | If the budget is reformed then low earners will take home more of their pay | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The context states that if the budget is reformed then 'the working poor will pay no income tax'. The system did likely not understand the phrase 'take home more of their pay' as meaning they will pay less tax. |
<BOP> In most parts of medieval Europe, the upper class obtained the sole rights to hunt in certain areas of a feudal territory. Game in these areas was used as a source of food and furs, often provided via professional huntsmen, but it was also expected to provide a form of recreation for the aristocracy. The importance of this proprietary view of game can be seen in the Robin Hood legends, in which one of the primary charges against the outlaws is that they "hunt the King's deer". In contrast, settlers in Anglophone colonies gloried democratically in hunting for all. <EOP> <BOQ> The importance of can be seen in what legends? <EOQ> | The importance of can be seen in what legends? | <BOL> Robin Hood <EOL> |
<BOP> The most common symptom of LED (and diode laser) failure is the gradual lowering of light output and loss of efficiency. Sudden failures, although rare, can also occur. Early red LEDs were notable for their short service life. With the development of high-power LEDs the devices are subjected to higher junction temperatures and higher current densities than traditional devices. This causes stress on the material and may cause early light-output degradation. To quantitatively classify useful lifetime in a standardized manner it has been suggested to use L70 or L50, which are the runtimes (typically given in thousands of hours) at which a given LED reaches 70% and 50% of initial light output, respectively. <EOP> <BOQ> What could cause early light-output degradation in LEDs? <EOQ> | What could cause early light-output degradation in LEDs? | <BOL> higher junction temperatures <EOL> |
From the facts presented in <BOP> '"Day In, Day Out" is a song written by Marv Green and Thom McHugh, and recorded by American country music artist David Kersh. It was released in May 1997 as the fourth single from his album "Goodnight Sweetheart". The song reached number 11 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in September 1997.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'In September 1997, there were eleven songs higher on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart than "Day In, Day Out."' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | In September 1997, there were eleven songs higher on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart than "Day In, Day Out." | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The song peaked at number 11; this means that there were ten songs higher on the list. |
<BOP> In 1988, unrest over economic mismanagement and political oppression by the government led to widespread pro-democracy demonstrations throughout the country known as the 8888 Uprising. Security forces killed thousands of demonstrators, and General Saw Maung staged a coup d'état and formed the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). In 1989, SLORC declared martial law after widespread protests. The military government finalised plans for People's Assembly elections on 31 May 1989. SLORC changed the country's official English name from the "Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma" to the "Union of Myanmar" in 1989. <EOP> <BOQ> Who lead the government coup in 1988 ? <EOQ> | Who lead the government coup in 1988 ? | <BOL> General Saw Maung <EOL> |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Shortcut Island is a crescent-shaped island 0.4 mi long, with three prominent indentations of the north shore, lying 0.7 mi SSE of Gamage Point and Palmer Station along the SW coast of Anvers Island. The suggestive name was given by Palmer Station personnel. The narrow, deep channel separating this island from Anvers Island is a shortcut from the station to the Biscoe Bay area by water.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Shortcut Island is a huge island' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Shortcut Island is a huge island | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It is only .4 miles long meaning it is pretty small |
Examine the premise: <BOP> 'Two of Gianni Versace's favorite buzzwords were quality and future, so after the 50-year-old designer was murdered last July outside his Miami Beach, Fla. mansion, it was somehow inevitable that his family would have to go about putting those words together: They had to ask themselves how they could ensure the future of the company Versace had built without sacrificing its reputation for quality.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> 'Gianni Versace never got to celebrate his 51st birthday, or any birthday after that' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | Gianni Versace never got to celebrate his 51st birthday, or any birthday after that | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} He was 50 years old when he died, so he will never get to celebrate his 51st birthday |
<BOP> On October 28, 2015, IBM announced its acquisition of digital assets from The Weather Company—a holding company of Bain Capital, The Blackstone Group and NBCUniversal which owns The Weather Channel, including its weather data platforms (such as Weather Services International), websites (Weather.com and Weather Underground) and mobile apps. The acquisition seeks to use Watson for weather analytics and predictions. The acquisition does not include The Weather Channel itself, which will enter into a long-term licensing agreement with IBM for use of its data. The sale closed on January 29, 2016 <EOP> <BOQ> Bain Capital is a holding company of which company? <EOQ> | Bain Capital is a holding company of which company? | <BOL> The Weather Company <EOL> |
<BOP> Three weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's attitude and retro-rocket firing. After his successful return, Shepard was celebrated as a national hero, honored with parades in Washington, New York and Los Angeles, and received the NASA Distinguished Service Medal from President John F. Kennedy. <EOP> <BOQ> The first person to have control over driving their spacecraft was whom? <EOQ> | The first person to have control over driving their spacecraft was whom? | <BOL> Alan Shepard <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Comet in Moominland (Swedish: "Kometjakten" / "Mumintrollet på kometjakt" / "Kometen kommer") is the second in Tove Jansson's series of Moomin books. Published in 1946, it marks the first appearance of several main characters, like Snufkin and the Snork Maiden.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The character Snufkin doesn't live in Moominland in the book Comet in Moominland.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | The character Snufkin doesn't live in Moominland in the book Comet in Moominland. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The character Snufkin appears in the book, but we don't have any information about where the character lives. I made it difficult because I mentioned Moominland and the title of the book, Comet in Moominland, which were both in the paragraph. |
<BOP> For much of Philadelphia's history, the typical home has been the row house. The row house was introduced to the United States via Philadelphia in the early 19th century and, for a time, row houses built elsewhere in the United States were known as "Philadelphia rows". A variety of row houses are found throughout the city, from Victorian-style homes in North Philadelphia to twin row houses in West Philadelphia. While newer homes are scattered throughout the city, much of the housing is from the early 20th century or older. The great age of the homes has created numerous problems, including blight and vacant lots in many parts of the city, while other neighborhoods such as Society Hill, which has the largest concentration of 18th-century architecture in the United States, have been rehabilitated and gentrified. <EOP> <BOQ> Which neighborhood has the oldest housing in America? <EOQ> | Which neighborhood has the oldest housing in America? | <BOL> Society Hill <EOL> |
With the premise: <BOP> 'Finding Neverland, a British-American historical fantasy drama film released in 2004, is about playwright J. M. Barrie and his relationship with a family who inspired him to create "Peter Pan", directed by Marc Forster. The screenplay by David Magee is based on the play "The Man Who Was Peter Pan" by Allan Knee.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Finding Neverland, a British-American historical fantasy drama film, debuted fifteen years ago. ' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | Finding Neverland, a British-American historical fantasy drama film, debuted fifteen years ago. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The film debuted in 2004, fifteen years ago. |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Yellowjackets Basketball Sweep Lions at Home Both UWS basketball teams got wins at home over Finlandia. SUPERIOR, Wisc. – Senior Hannah Norlin finished with 19 points and 15 rebounds as the Wisconsin-Superior women’s basketball team knocked off Finlandia 83-66 Monday night at the Mertz Mortorelli Gym. Eva Reinertsen also chipped in with 19 points to help the Yellowjackets win their third straight game. On the men’s side, freshman Carter Brown knocked down seven three-pointers to lead the team with 23 points in a win over the Lions.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Carter brown was a man.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Carter brown was a man. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} He played for the mens team so he was a man. |
<BOP> Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion of time into their respective measuring systems. Some simple definitions of time include "time is what clocks measure", which is a problematically vague and self-referential definition that utilizes the device used to measure the subject as the definition of the subject, and "time is what keeps everything from happening at once", which is without substantive meaning in the absence of the definition of simultaneity in the context of the limitations of human sensation, observation of events, and the perception of such events. <EOP> <BOQ> Fields such as business, industry, sports, science, and performing arts incorporate some notion of what into their measuring systems? <EOQ> | Fields such as business, industry, sports, science, and performing arts incorporate some notion of what into their measuring systems? | <BOL> time <EOL> |
<BOP> For over 40 years, the FBI crime lab in Quantico believed lead in bullets had unique chemical signatures. It analyzed the bullets with the goal of matching them chemically, not only to a single batch of ammunition coming out of a factory, but also to a single box of bullets. The National Academy of Sciences conducted an 18-month independent review of comparative bullet-lead analysis. In 2003, its National Research Council published a report whose conclusions called into question 30 years of FBI testimony. It found the analytic model used by the FBI for interpreting results was deeply flawed, and the conclusion, that bullet fragments could be matched to a box of ammunition, was so overstated that it was misleading under the rules of evidence. One year later, the FBI decided to stop doing bullet lead analysis. <EOP> <BOQ> What did the National Academy of Sciences independent review discover about the FBIs analytical model? <EOQ> | What did the National Academy of Sciences independent review discover about the FBIs analytical model? | <BOL> deeply flawed <EOL> |
<BOP> Spanish mendicants in the sixteenth century taught indigenous scribes in their communities to write their languages in Latin letters and there is a large number of local-level documents in Nahuatl, Zapotec, Mixtec, and Yucatec Maya from the colonial era, many of which were part of lawsuits and other legal matters. Although Spaniards initially taught indigenous scribes alphabetic writing, the tradition became self-perpetuating at the local level. The Spanish crown gathered such documentation and contemporary Spanish translations were made for legal cases. Scholars have translated and analyzed these documents in what is called the New Philology to write histories of indigenous peoples from indigenous viewpoints. <EOP> <BOQ> What were a large number of the local documents in regards to? <EOQ> | What were a large number of the local documents in regards to? | <BOL> lawsuits and other legal matters <EOL> |
<BOP> The earliest extant arguments that the world of experience is grounded in the mental derive from India and Greece. The Hindu idealists in India and the Greek Neoplatonists gave panentheistic arguments for an all-pervading consciousness as the ground or true nature of reality. In contrast, the Yogācāra school, which arose within Mahayana Buddhism in India in the 4th century CE, based its "mind-only" idealism to a greater extent on phenomenological analyses of personal experience. This turn toward the subjective anticipated empiricists such as George Berkeley, who revived idealism in 18th-century Europe by employing skeptical arguments against materialism. <EOP> <BOQ> What Indian thinkers were early idealists? <EOQ> | What Indian thinkers were early idealists? | <BOL> Hindu <EOL> |
<BOP> The end of adolescence and the beginning of adulthood varies by country and by function. Furthermore, even within a single nation state or culture there can be different ages at which an individual is considered (chronologically and legally) mature enough for society to entrust them with certain privileges and responsibilities. Such milestones include driving a vehicle, having legal sexual relations, serving in the armed forces or on a jury, purchasing and drinking alcohol, voting, entering into contracts, finishing certain levels of education, and marriage. Adolescence is usually accompanied by an increased independence allowed by the parents or legal guardians, including less supervision as compared to preadolescence. <EOP> <BOQ> Do milestones such as driving a vechile, serving on a jury, voting, and marriage all have a common age of responsibility? <EOQ> | Do milestones such as driving a vechile, serving on a jury, voting, and marriage all have a common age of responsibility? | <BOL> different ages <EOL> |
Given the context: <BOP> 'Robert Alexander Crookston Laidlaw {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (8 September 1885 – 12 March 1971) was a New Zealand business man who founded the Farmers Trading Company, one of the largest department store chains in New Zealand. He was also a Christian writer and philanthropist and a well-known lay preacher in the Open Brethren movement.' </EOP>, classify the statement: <BOH> 'The Farmers Trading Company is a successful department store in Oceania' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your choice. | The Farmers Trading Company is a successful department store in Oceania | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It says in the context: " Farmers Trading Company, one of the largest department store chains in New Zealand." So, it is one of the largest department stores ( successful) It is in the country New Zealand, on the continent of Oceania. Therefore, the statement "The Farmers Trading Company is a successful department store in Oceania" Is DEFINITELY CORRECT |
<BOP> In recent decades, the literacy rate of Rajasthan has increased significantly. In 1991, the state's literacy rate was only 38.55% (54.99% male and 20.44% female). In 2001, the literacy rate increased to 60.41% (75.70% male and 43.85% female). This was the highest leap in the percentage of literacy recorded in India (the rise in female literacy being 23%). At the Census 2011, Rajasthan had a literacy rate of 67.06% (80.51% male and 52.66% female). Although Rajasthan's literacy rate is below the national average of 74.04% and although its female literacy rate is the lowest in the country, the state has been praised for its efforts and achievements in raising male and female literacy rates. <EOP> <BOQ> What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 2001? <EOQ> | What was the literacy rate of Rajasthan in 2001? | <BOL> 60.41% <EOL> |
<BOP> The Farmington Canal Trail is a rail trail that will eventually run continuously from downtown New Haven to Northampton, Massachusetts. The scenic trail follows the path of the historic New Haven and Northampton Company and the Farmington Canal. Currently, there is a continuous 14-mile (23 km) stretch of the trail from downtown, through Hamden and into Cheshire, making bicycle commuting between New Haven and those suburbs possible. The trail is part of the East Coast Greenway, a proposed 3,000-mile (4,800 km) bike path that would link every major city on the East Coast from Florida to Maine. <EOP> <BOQ> What rail trail is slated to run between downtown New Haven and Northampton, Massachusetts? <EOQ> | What rail trail is slated to run between downtown New Haven and Northampton, Massachusetts? | <BOL> The Farmington Canal Trail <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Sick day from work<br>Tina was not feeling well. So she decided to take a sick day from work. She was hesitant because she hated sick days. But she called her boss. Luckily her boss let her stay in and just relax.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'her boss lacks empathy' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | her boss lacks empathy | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} her boss has empathy, he let her stay home and told her to relax.if the system doesnt uderstand what empathy means it will be confused |
Given the detailed context: 'TNT is a Norwegian heavy metal band from Trondheim, formed in 1982. The band has released twelve studio albums, three EPs and three live albums while going through numerous line-up changes since its formation. Guitarist Ronni Le Tekrø is the only consistent member of TNT. TNT has sold between 4-5 million albums worldwide as of 2016.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Tekro plays lead guitar.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Tekro plays lead guitar. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} I'm not sure why it had difficulty. The paragraph reads "Guitarist Ronni Le Tekrø is the only consistent member of TNT." he could play rhythm or lead, but it doesn't state which. So the statement could be true or not. |
<BOP> Chocolate is New York City's leading specialty-food export, with up to US$234 million worth of exports each year. Entrepreneurs were forming a "Chocolate District" in Brooklyn as of 2014, while Godiva, one of the world's largest chocolatiers, continues to be headquartered in Manhattan. <EOP> <BOQ> What type of food is NYC's leading food export? <EOQ> | What type of food is NYC's leading food export? | <BOL> Chocolate <EOL> |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Self-sufficiency has been turned into a formal public awareness campaign in San Francisco, by Mayor Gavin Newsom.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Gavin Newsom does not want his job' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Gavin Newsom does not want his job | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The job assumes it is incorrect that he does not want his job but this is only an assumption the system makes. |
<BOP> Some organisms, such as the lichen Trapelia involuta or microorganisms such as the bacterium Citrobacter, can absorb concentrations of uranium that are up to 300 times the level of their environment. Citrobacter species absorb uranyl ions when given glycerol phosphate (or other similar organic phosphates). After one day, one gram of bacteria can encrust themselves with nine grams of uranyl phosphate crystals; this creates the possibility that these organisms could be used in bioremediation to decontaminate uranium-polluted water. The proteobacterium Geobacter has also been shown to bioremediate uranium in ground water. The mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices increases uranium content in the roots of its symbiotic plant. <EOP> <BOQ> What is given to Citrobacter to cause it to absorb uranyl ions? <EOQ> | What is given to Citrobacter to cause it to absorb uranyl ions? | <BOL> glycerol phosphate <EOL> |
<BOP> About two thousand Roman colonists were settled there in 138 BC during the rule of consul Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico. The Roman historian Florus says that Brutus transferred the soldiers who had fought under him to that province. This was a typical Roman city in its conception, as it was located in a strategic location near the sea on a river island crossed by the Via Augusta, the imperial road that connected the province to Rome, the capital of the empire. The centre of the city was located in the present-day neighbourhood of the Plaza de la Virgen. Here was the forum and the crossing of the Cardo Maximus and the Decumanus Maximus, which remain the two main axes of the city. The Cardo corresponds to the existing Calle de Salvador, Almoina, and the Decumanus corresponds to Calle de los Caballeros. <EOP> <BOQ> How many Romans lived in Valencia in 138 BC? <EOQ> | How many Romans lived in Valencia in 138 BC? | <BOL> two thousand <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Frederick "Dennis" Greene (January 11, 1949 – September 5, 2015) was an American singer who was a member of Sha Na Na who were formed in 1969 at Columbia University in New York as the Columbia Kingsmen. The name change to Sha Na Na occurred because of another group with a similar name, which was known for the song Louie Louie.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The group Sha Na Na formed when Frederick "Dennis" Greene was 21 years old.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | The group Sha Na Na formed when Frederick "Dennis" Greene was 21 years old. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} He was born in 1949 and the group formed in 1969 - making him 20 when they formed. The system would have to look up the correct years for his birth and formation of the band which could be difficult. |
<BOP> From 1932, it was taught that the "little flock" of 144,000 would not be the only people to survive Armageddon. Rutherford explained that in addition to the 144,000 "anointed" who would be resurrected—or transferred at death—to live in heaven to rule over earth with Christ, a separate class of members, the "great multitude," would live in a paradise restored on earth; from 1935, new converts to the movement were considered part of that class. By the mid-1930s, the timing of the beginning of Christ's presence (Greek: parousía), his enthronement as king, and the start of the "last days" were each moved to 1914. <EOP> <BOQ> When was the start of the last days moved to in the mid-1930s? <EOQ> | When was the start of the last days moved to in the mid-1930s? | <BOL> 1914 <EOL> |
From the information in: <BOP> 'How to replace a dream lite led bulb<br>Prepare. Arrange your tools on a clean flat surface and have all your tools at hand. Make sure you have enough space to move around as well as keeping your soldering iron at a safe distance while not in use.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'It does not ever mention a incandescent bulb' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | It does not ever mention a incandescent bulb | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The original statement never mentions an incandescent bulb, only an LED. |
<BOP> On the difference between the ideals of architecture and mere construction, the renowned 20th-century architect Le Corbusier wrote: "You employ stone, wood, and concrete, and with these materials you build houses and palaces: that is construction. Ingenuity is at work. But suddenly you touch my heart, you do me good. I am happy and I say: This is beautiful. That is Architecture". <EOP> <BOQ> When did Le Corbusier live and write? <EOQ> | When did Le Corbusier live and write? | <BOL> 20th-century <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'How to smooth frizzy hair<br>Wash with a moisturizing shampoo. Frizz is often caused by dryness, so it's important to restore moisture to your hair in the shower. Always use a sulfate-free shampoo.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Always use a shampoo-free shampoo.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Always use a shampoo-free shampoo. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} I replaced sulfate with shampoo. This statement is obviously incorrect because it tries to state that you should use shampoo without using shampoo. |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Sunday Live with Adam Boulton was a weekend news and political show on Sky News and on Sky News HD, presented by Sky News' Political Editor Adam Boulton. From January 2011, the programme was replaced with "Murnaghan", a similar show presented by Dermot Murnaghan. Boulton moved to a new weekday show at 13:00 on Sky News.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'it was rather political in nature' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | it was rather political in nature | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The context states that the show was political. The model most certainly got it wrong because it couldn't figure out what I was referring to when I said 'it' |
Given the detailed context: 'The Volkswagen Golf Estate, also known as the Volkswagen Golf Sportswagen in the United States, and the Volkswagen Golf Variant in other countries, is the estate/station wagon version of the Volkswagen Golf Mk3, Mk4, Mk5 and Mk6, first introduced in 1993.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The Volkswagen Golf Estate was not introduced in the 1980's.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The Volkswagen Golf Estate was not introduced in the 1980's. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The statement is definitely corrected because the Volkswagen Golf Estate was released in 1993. By saying it was NOT released in the 1980's, I think this fooled the system. |
<BOP> In addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (1911). The former two books were aimed exclusively at professional mathematicians, while the latter book was intended for a larger audience, covering the history of mathematics and its philosophical foundations. Principia Mathematica in particular is regarded as one of the most important works in mathematical logic of the 20th century. <EOP> <BOQ> With what mathematician and philosopher did Whitehead collaborate to write Principia Mathematica? <EOQ> | With what mathematician and philosopher did Whitehead collaborate to write Principia Mathematica? | <BOL> Bertrand Russell <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Helena Suková (] ) (born 23 February 1965) is a former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. During her career, she won 14 Grand Slam doubles titles, 9 of them in women's doubles and 5 of them in mixed doubles. She also was a four-time Grand Slam singles runner-up and won 10 singles titles and 69 doubles titles.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Helena Suková started playing tennis in 1965 and won her first Grand Slam double title in 1972.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Helena Suková started playing tennis in 1965 and won her first Grand Slam double title in 1972. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Helena Suková was born in 1965 and can therefore not have started playing tennis in the same year. She was 7 years old in 1972 and could not have won her first Grand Slam double title in that year. |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'Latin Jam Workout is a Latin Dance Fitness Program created by professional athlete and choreographer JP Santana. Founded in 2007 in Los Angeles, California, Latin Jam Workout combines techno and Latin music with dance and aerobic movements. It is a fusion of Latin dance steps such as Salsa, Merengue, Raeggaeton, Cumbia, Samba, Soca, Belly-Dancing and the faster-paced rhythms of Pop and Techno.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'Ernest Guiraud is a Citizen of France born in the United states of America' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Ernest Guiraud is a Citizen of France born in the United states of America | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Enerst Guiraud is a FRENCH (France citizen) composer born in Louisiana which is in the United States of America |
<BOP> Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Saint Helena measures about 16 by 8 kilometres (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of 4,255 (2008 census). It was named after Saint Helena of Constantinople. <EOP> <BOQ> What ocean is Saint Helena located in? <EOQ> | What ocean is Saint Helena located in? | <BOL> South Atlantic Ocean <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'Fowler (ankle) was listed as a limited participant in Thursday's practice, Nicki Jhabvala of The Denver Post reports. Like top receiver Demaryius Thomas (hamstring), Fowler failed to practice Wednesday before increasing his involvement a day later. Both players don't look to be in any serious danger of missing Sunday's game against the Patriots, but Fowler won't offer nearly as much fantasy intrigue as Thomas nor Emmanuel Sanders, who returned from a two-game absence to play in the Week 9 loss to the Eagles.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'fowler is not as popular' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | fowler is not as popular | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} it states fowler doesn't bring as much fantasy as the other two players, therefore he is not as popular as them |
<BOP> The first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to participate in European theatres. The Canadian Crown-in-Council then decided to send its forces into the Second World War, as well as the Korean War. <EOP> <BOQ> When was the first overseas deployment of the Canadian Military? <EOQ> | When was the first overseas deployment of the Canadian Military? | <BOL> Second Boer War <EOL> |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'Paulina Gómez Torres (born 29 July 1991) known professionally as Paulina Goto is a Mexican actress, singer, and television hostess, who first gained popularity for her debut role in the Mexican telenovela "Niña de mi Corazón" in 2010. She was a member of the popular Mexican-Argentine pop group, Eme 15, formed by Televisa producer Pedro Damián, from 2011 to 2014.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'Paulina Gota first stared in a telenova as a child and gained her fame from there.' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | Paulina Gota first stared in a telenova as a child and gained her fame from there. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It states that she gained her popularity from a Mexican Telenovela |
<BOP> A third concern with the Kinsey scale is that it inappropriately measures heterosexuality and homosexuality on the same scale, making one a tradeoff of the other. Research in the 1970s on masculinity and femininity found that concepts of masculinity and femininity are more appropriately measured as independent concepts on a separate scale rather than as a single continuum, with each end representing opposite extremes. When compared on the same scale, they act as tradeoffs such, whereby to be more feminine one had to be less masculine and vice versa. However, if they are considered as separate dimensions one can be simultaneously very masculine and very feminine. Similarly, considering heterosexuality and homosexuality on separate scales would allow one to be both very heterosexual and very homosexual or not very much of either. When they are measured independently, the degree of heterosexual and homosexual can be independently determined, rather than the balance between heterosexual and homosexual as determined using the Kinsey Scale. <EOP> <BOQ> What happens if the concepts are measured on the same scale? <EOQ> | What happens if the concepts are measured on the same scale? | <BOL> they act as tradeoffs such, whereby to be more feminine one had to be less masculine and vice versa <EOL> |
<BOP> The 1971 Local Government White Paper proposed abolishing county boroughs, which would have left Plymouth, a town of 250,000 people, being administered from a council based at the smaller Exeter, on the other side of the county. This led to Plymouth lobbying for the creation of a Tamarside county, to include Plymouth, Torpoint, Saltash, and the rural hinterland. The campaign was not successful, and Plymouth ceased to be a county borough on 1 April 1974 with responsibility for education, social services, highways and libraries transferred to Devon County Council. All powers returned when the city become a unitary authority on 1 April 1998 under recommendations of the Banham Commission. <EOP> <BOQ> What document suggested that county boroughs be eliminated? <EOQ> | What document suggested that county boroughs be eliminated? | <BOL> 1971 Local Government White Paper <EOL> |
<BOP> Unlike other new communist states in east-central Europe, Yugoslavia liberated itself from Axis domination with limited direct support from the Red Army. Tito's leading role in liberating Yugoslavia not only greatly strengthened his position in his party and among the Yugoslav people, but also caused him to be more insistent that Yugoslavia had more room to follow its own interests than other Bloc leaders who had more reasons (and pressures) to recognize Soviet efforts in helping them liberate their own countries from Axis control. Although Tito was formally an ally of Stalin after World War II, the Soviets had set up a spy ring in the Yugoslav party as early as 1945, giving way to an uneasy alliance.[citation needed] <EOP> <BOQ> From what domination did Yugoslavia liberate itself? <EOQ> | From what domination did Yugoslavia liberate itself? | <BOL> Axis <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Mate Pavić (born 4 July 1993) is a Croatian professional tennis player specialising in doubles. Mate won the 2016 US Open mixed doubles title in partnership with Laura Siegemund, and reached the 2017 Wimbledon Championships men's doubles finals partnering Oliver Marach.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Laura Siegemund is a tennis player who specialises in doubles.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Laura Siegemund is a tennis player who specialises in doubles. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The statement is neither correct nor incorrect because that information is not indicated about Laura Siegemund. I think the AI is confused by all the different details in the context, including the fact that Siegemund was part of the doubles pair in which Mate (a specialist in doubles) won. |
Given the context: <BOP> 'Mosquito County (also labeled on maps as Musquito County) is the historic name of one of the early counties that once comprised most of the east part of Florida. Originally Mosquito County covered the entire eastern part of Florida area presently including all of Volusia, Brevard, Indian River, St. Lucie, Martin, Seminole, Osceola, Orange, Lake, Polk and Palm Beach counties.' </EOP>, classify the statement: <BOH> 'Mosquito County is not an official name, but a name used to refer to certain parts of Florida.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your choice. | Mosquito County is not an official name, but a name used to refer to certain parts of Florida. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The statement doesn't say "Mosquito County" is an unofficial name, but infers it. I think it's tough for the system to see these intricacies. |
With the premise: <BOP> 'Carol Goodman, also known under the pseudonym Juliet Dark, is an American professor and author of gothic fiction. She has also written under the pseudonym Lee Carroll with her husband Lee Slominsky. Goodman currently serves as a creative writing professor at the State University of New York at New Paltz.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Lee Slominsky has no relation to Juliet Dark.' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | Lee Slominsky has no relation to Juliet Dark. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Juliet Dark is the pen name of Carol Goodman. Lee Slominsky is also a pen name for Carol Goodman. They are all the same person, hence related. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'Don Sinclair Davis, PhD (August 4, 1942 – June 29, 2008) was an American character actor best-known for playing General Hammond in the television series "Stargate SG-1" (1997–2007), and earlier for playing Major Garland Briggs on the television series "Twin Peaks" (1990–1991). He was also a theater professor, painter, and United States Army captain.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Don Sinclair Davis, PhD had real life experience to help him in his best known roles.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | Don Sinclair Davis, PhD had real life experience to help him in his best known roles. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Don SInclair Davis, PhD was in the military, and his best known roles are that of men in the military, so he was able to draw from his experience in the military to channel Major Briggs and later General Hammond, both of whom are military characters themselves. |
<BOP> Integral to the story of the origin of the name "Antarctica" is how it was not named Terra Australis—this name was given to Australia instead, and it was because of a mistake made by people who decided that a significant landmass would not be found farther south than Australia. Explorer Matthew Flinders, in particular, has been credited with popularizing the transfer of the name Terra Australis to Australia. He justified the titling of his book A Voyage to Terra Australis (1814) by writing in the introduction: <EOP> <BOQ> What country was given the name Terra Australis instead of Antarctica? <EOQ> | What country was given the name Terra Australis instead of Antarctica? | <BOL> Australia <EOL> |
<BOP> The total number of Chinese characters from past to present remains unknowable because new ones are developed all the time – for instance, brands may create new characters when none of the existing ones allow for the intended meaning. Chinese characters are theoretically an open set and anyone can create new characters, though such inventions are rarely included in official character sets. The number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory. <EOP> <BOQ> What is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory? <EOQ> | What is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory? | <BOL> number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries <EOL> |
<BOP> The 2004 election was the first to be affected by the campaign finance reforms mandated by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (also known as the McCain–Feingold Bill for its sponsors in the United States Senate). Because of the Act's restrictions on candidates' and parties' fundraising, a large number of so-called 527 groups emerged. Named for a section of the Internal Revenue Code, these groups were able to raise large amounts of money for various political causes as long as they do not coordinate their activities with political campaigns. Examples of 527s include Swift Boat Veterans for Truth, MoveOn.org, the Media Fund, and America Coming Together. Many such groups were active throughout the campaign season. (There was some similar activity, although on a much lesser scale, during the 2000 campaign.) <EOP> <BOQ> What is one of the named 527 groups from the 2004 election? <EOQ> | What is one of the named 527 groups from the 2004 election? | <BOL> MoveOn.org <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Fake prehistoric rock art of a caveman with a shopping trolley has been hung on the walls of the British Museum.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'The art is an original piece' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The art is an original piece | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Isn't known when the piece was painted |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Forgetting the Fire<br>Margo was cooking when Ted knocked at her door. She forgot to turn off the stove while she visited with Ted. Margo and Ted soon smelled something strange. Margo realized it was her food! Margo ran to the kitchen and turned off the fire.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'She and Ted sat down on the couch and started a conversation.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | She and Ted sat down on the couch and started a conversation. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} According to the text they were talking and we don't know where they were talking at. |
<BOP> Chen states that the fourth Dalai Lama Yonten Gyatso was granted the title "Master of Vajradhara" and an official seal by the Wanli Emperor in 1616. This was noted in the Biography of the Fourth Dalai Lama, which stated that one Soinam Lozui delivered the seal of the Emperor to the Dalai Lama. The Wanli Emperor had invited Yonten Gyatso to Beijing in 1616, but just like his predecessor he died before being able to make the journey. <EOP> <BOQ> Who did the Wanli Emperor invite to Beijing in 1616? <EOQ> | Who did the Wanli Emperor invite to Beijing in 1616? | <BOL> Yonten Gyatso <EOL> |
<BOP> At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has been a persistent confusion between the several uses of the terms: philanthropic humanists look to what they consider their antecedents in critical thinking and human-centered philosophy among the Greek philosophers and the great figures of Renaissance history; and scholarly humanists stress the linguistic and cultural disciplines needed to understand and interpret these philosophers and artists. <EOP> <BOQ> What was the main difference between humanism and the religions of the time? <EOQ> | What was the main difference between humanism and the religions of the time? | <BOL> centred on humankind <EOL> |
<BOP> Gladstone returned to power after the 1892 general election; he was 82 years old. Victoria objected when Gladstone proposed appointing the Radical MP Henry Labouchere to the Cabinet, so Gladstone agreed not to appoint him. In 1894, Gladstone retired and, without consulting the outgoing prime minister, Victoria appointed Lord Rosebery as prime minister. His government was weak, and the following year Lord Salisbury replaced him. Salisbury remained prime minister for the remainder of Victoria's reign. <EOP> <BOQ> How long did Lord Salisbury remain as Prime Minister? <EOQ> | How long did Lord Salisbury remain as Prime Minister? | <BOL> for the remainder of Victoria's reign <EOL> |
From the information in: <BOP> 'We Were Soldiers is a 2002 American war film that dramatizes the Battle of Ia Drang on November 14, 1965. The film was directed by Randall Wallace and stars Mel Gibson. It is based on the book "We Were Soldiers Once… And Young" (1992) by Lieutenant General (Ret.) Hal Moore and reporter Joseph L. Galloway, both of whom were at the battle.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'We Were Soldiers took place the month after October of 1965.' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | We Were Soldiers took place the month after October of 1965. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The month after october is november which is he correct month. |
<BOP> Norfolk Island (i/ˈnɔːrfək ˈaɪlənd/; Norfuk: Norf'k Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia. Together with two neighbouring islands, it forms one of Australia's external territories. It has 1,796 inhabitants living on a total area of about 35 km2 (14 sq mi). Its capital is Kingston. <EOP> <BOQ> How many people live on Norfolk Island? <EOQ> | How many people live on Norfolk Island? | <BOL> 1,796 <EOL> |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Miit is a Hindi language Indian television series that aired on Zee TV channel in 2003, Monday through Thursday evenings. The show is based on the novel "Noukadubi", written by the Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore in 1905. It follows the concept of mistaken identities, where a woman is thought to be someone who died in a train mishap.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Miit is a Hindi language television show transmitted every evening.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Miit is a Hindi language television show transmitted every evening. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The TV show is transmitted from Monday through Thursday, no every evenings. |
<BOP> The state of Chihuahua is the largest state in the country and is known as El Estado Grande (The Big State); it accounts for 12.6% of the land of Mexico. The area is landlocked by the states of Sonora to the west, Sinaloa to the south-west, Durango to the south, and Coahuila to the east, and by the U.S. states of Texas to the northeast and New Mexico to the north. The state is made up of three geologic regions: Mountains, Plains-Valleys, and Desert, which occur in large bands from west to east. Because of the different geologic regions there are contrasting climates and ecosystems. <EOP> <BOQ> What percentage of the country does it make up? <EOQ> | What percentage of the country does it make up? | <BOL> 12.6% <EOL> |
<BOP> In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I, the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, which itself was a branch of the eponymous Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including the Assyrians (under Ashurbanipal, at around 669–627 BC, the boundaries of the Assyrian Empire reached as far as Armenia & the Caucasus Mountains), Medes, Achaemenid Persians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Sassanid Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ottomans, successive Iranian Safavids, Afsharids, and Qajars, and the Russians. <EOP> <BOQ> What made Armenia so easily invadable? <EOQ> | What made Armenia so easily invadable? | <BOL> strategic location between two continents <EOL> |
<BOP> In the Prussian province of Posen, with a large Polish population, there was strong support for the French and angry demonstrations at news of Prussian-German victories—a clear manifestation of Polish nationalist feeling. Calls were also made for Polish recruits to desert from the Prussian Army—though these went mainly unheeded. An alarming report on the Posen situation, sent to Bismarck on 16 August 1870, led to the quartering of reserve troop contingents in the restive province. The Franco-Prussian War thus turned out to be a significant event also in German–Polish relations, marking the beginning of a prolonged period of repressive measures by the authorities and efforts at Germanisation. <EOP> <BOQ> What was there strong support of in Posen? <EOQ> | What was there strong support of in Posen? | <BOL> the French <EOL> |
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