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Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Mr. Speaker, Robert Kennedy once said each time a person stands up for an ideal, strikes out against injustice, they send forth a tiny ripple of hope, and crossing each other from a million different centres of energy, those ripples build a current that can sweep down the mightiest walls of resistance.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Mr. Speaker was Robert Kennedy' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Mr. Speaker was Robert Kennedy | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The speaker was talking about Robert Kennedy not speaking to him directly |
<BOP> Although some cardinals seem to have viewed him as papabile, a likely candidate to become pope, and may have received some votes in the 1958 conclave, Montini was not yet a cardinal, which made him an unlikely choice.[c] Angelo Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 and assumed the name John XXIII. On 17 November 1958, L'Osservatore Romano announced a consistory for the creation of new cardinals. Montini's name led the list. When the pope raised Montini to the cardinalate on 15 December 1958, he became Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti. He appointed him simultaneously to several Vatican congregations which resulted in many visits by Montini to Rome in the coming years. <EOP> <BOQ> When did Montini finally become a cardinal? <EOQ> | When did Montini finally become a cardinal? | <BOL> 15 December 1958 <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'White Nights is a 1985 American drama film directed by Taylor Hackford and choreographed by Twyla Tharp and stars Mikhail Baryshnikov, Gregory Hines, Jerzy Skolimowski, Helen Mirren and Isabella Rossellini. It was shot in Finland, Portugal, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and Austria.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Twyla Tharp was the leading role in White Nights' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Twyla Tharp was the leading role in White Nights | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Twyla Tharp was the choreographer, but is listed in the same sentence as the other stars. |
<BOP> Carnival in the Netherlands is called Carnaval, Vastenavond or Vastelaovend(j), and is most celebrated in traditionally Catholic regions, mainly the southern provinces North Brabant and Limburg. Dutch Carnaval is officially celebrated on the Sunday through Tuesday preceding Ash Wednesday. Although traditions vary from town to town, some common characteristics of Dutch Carnaval include a parade, a "prince" plus cortège ("Jester/adjutant and Council of 11"), a Peasant Wedding (boerenbruiloft), and eating herring (haring happen) on Ash Wednesday. <EOP> <BOQ> What is consumed on Ash Wednesday? <EOQ> | What is consumed on Ash Wednesday? | <BOL> herring <EOL> |
<BOP> East 1st Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A and continues to Bowery. Peretz Square, a small triangular sliver park where Houston Street, First Street and First Avenue meet marks the spot where the grid takes hold. <EOP> <BOQ> Which street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A? <EOQ> | Which street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A? | <BOL> East 1st Street <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'How to create a cat superhighway<br>Think about what type of highway you want to create. Before you start building your cat superhighway you'll need to do some thinking about it. Without a comprehensive vision, your project may not be a success.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'All highways share the same concept' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | All highways share the same concept | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context explains how it is important to think about the type of highway you want to create, but all highways may share the same basic context for their construction. That is not specified by the context, however. |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'In mathematics, a quadratic algebra is a filtered algebra generated by degree one elements, with defining relations of degree 2. It was pointed out by Yuri Manin that such algebras play an important role in the theory of quantum groups. The most important class of graded quadratic algebras is Koszul algebras.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'It was pointed out by Yuri Manin that quantum algebras play an important role in the theory of quadratic groups.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | It was pointed out by Yuri Manin that quantum algebras play an important role in the theory of quadratic groups. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It's definitely incorrect because he pointed out that quadratic algebras play an important role in the theory of quantum groups, which is not what I wrote. It's difficult because the words look similar and switching them around was enough to confuse the system presumably due to their similarity. |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Health care activists participate in a rally in front of the Capitol March 22, 2017 on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. Senate Democrats held the rally to highlight changes being sought in Medicaid in the Republican American Health Care Act. Alex Wong Getty Images' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The activists wanted Medicaid to go through changes.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The activists wanted Medicaid to go through changes. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The rally is reported to highlight changes, but does not say if they are supported or not by the activists. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'System of a Down, sometimes shortened to System and abbreviated as SOAD, is an Armenian-American heavy metal band from Glendale, California, formed in 1994. The band currently consists of Serj Tankian (lead vocals, keyboards), Daron Malakian (vocals, guitar), Shavo Odadjian (bass, backing vocals) and John Dolmayan (drums).' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'SOAD formed their band after 1993.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | SOAD formed their band after 1993. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The formed in 1994 which was after 1993 so it is correct but the system gets confused with the word after. |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Ransom is a 1996 American crime thriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by Richard Price and Alexander Ignon. The film stars Mel Gibson, Rene Russo, Gary Sinise, Brawley Nolte, Delroy Lindo, Liev Schreiber, Evan Handler, Donnie Wahlberg, and Lili Taylor. Gibson was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Mel Gibson won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Mel Gibson won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It just says he was nominated, it didn't say whether or not he actually won the award. The system probably just assumed he won. |
Given the detailed context: '"No, we don't get any business from beach traffic," said Butler, whose Men's Shop is located in a small strip mall behind Krispy Kreme on Palmetto.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The shop gets a lot of visitors' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The shop gets a lot of visitors | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It does not say how many visitors the shop gets, making it neither incorrect or correct. |
With the premise: <BOP> 'Brian Lane Bell (born December 9, 1968) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the rhythm guitarist, backing vocalist and occasional lead vocalist of the alternative rock band Weezer, with whom he has recorded ten studio albums. Bell also fronts the rock band The Relationship, and was previously the lead vocalist and guitarist of the indie rock band Space Twins.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Bell was born the year after 1966.' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | Bell was born the year after 1966. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} Bell was born in 1968. The system was confused by the year. |
<BOP> The mosaic pavement of the Vrina Plain basilica of Butrint, Albania appear to pre-date that of the Baptistery by almost a generation, dating to the last quarter of the 5th or the first years of the 6th century. The mosaic displays a variety of motifs including sea-creatures, birds, terrestrial beasts, fruits, flowers, trees and abstracts – designed to depict a terrestrial paradise of God’s creation. Superimposed on this scheme are two large tablets, tabulae ansatae, carrying inscriptions. A variety of fish, a crab, a lobster, shrimps, mushrooms, flowers, a stag and two cruciform designs surround the smaller of the two inscriptions, which reads: In fulfilment of the vow (prayer) of those whose names God knows. This anonymous dedicatory inscription is a public demonstration of the benefactors’ humility and an acknowledgement of God’s omniscience. <EOP> <BOQ> The Vrina Plain basilica is in which city? <EOQ> | The Vrina Plain basilica is in which city? | <BOL> Butrint <EOL> |
<BOP> Located approximately 250 kilometres (160 mi) east of Puerto Rico and the nearer Virgin Islands, St. Barthélemy lies immediately southeast of the islands of Saint Martin and Anguilla. It is one of the Renaissance Islands. St. Barthélemy is separated from Saint Martin by the Saint-Barthélemy Channel. It lies northeast of Saba and St Eustatius, and north of St Kitts. Some small satellite islets belong to St. Barthélemy including Île Chevreau (Île Bonhomme), Île Frégate, Île Toc Vers, Île Tortue and Gros Îlets (Îlots Syndare). A much bigger islet, Île Fourchue, lies on the north of the island, in the Saint-Barthélemy Channel. Other rocky islets which include Coco, the Roques (or little Turtle rocks), the Goat, and the Sugarloaf. <EOP> <BOQ> What does "Roques" mean in English? <EOQ> | What does "Roques" mean in English? | <BOL> little Turtle rocks <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'AutoZone is the second largest retailer of aftermarket automotive parts and accessories in the United States behind Advance Auto Parts. Founded in 1979, AutoZone has over 6,000 stores across the United States, Mexico, and Brazil. The company is based in Memphis, Tennessee.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Advanced Auto Parts has a store in Memphis, Tennessee.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Advanced Auto Parts has a store in Memphis, Tennessee. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} We presume that the largest auto retailer in the United States would have a store in Memphis. |
Examine the information in <BOP> '"Riot At Xavier's" is a four-part storyline that ran from New X-Men #135-138 (2003). It was written by Grant Morrison and features artist Frank Quitely's last work on the title. The story centers on an original character of Morrison's, the teenage mutant Quentin Quire. According to Morrison, the storyline was inspired by a playground riot he witnessed in his youth.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'The storyline was inspired by a playground.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | The storyline was inspired by a playground. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It was inspired by a playground riot. |
Given the detailed context: 'I have reviewed the question as originally submitted on October 28 by the hon. member for Delta-South Richmond and have found that proper procedures were followed and that the recommendations to divide his question were made according to Standing Order 39(2) and based on the precedents of this place.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The question was based on the precedents' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The question was based on the precedents | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It says in the last line that it was based on precedents |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Frederick Hale (October 7, 1874September 28, 1963) was the United States Senator from Maine from 1917 to 1941. He was the son of Eugene Hale, the grandson of Zachariah Chandler, both also U.S. Senators. He was the brother of diplomat Chandler Hale, and the cousin of U.S. Representative Robert Hale.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Hale was born the year after 1872.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Hale was born the year after 1872. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} Hale was born in 1874. The system was confused by the year. |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Mary isn't home<br>One day Jill was headed to Mary's House. They had made plans to go to the Mall. Jill was running a little late to Mary's House. She pulled into mary's driveway. Knocks on the door but no answer!' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Jill an Mary had likely met before' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | Jill an Mary had likely met before | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} this is implied in narrative, system misses this |
With the premise: <BOP> 'In my home province of Prince Edward Island during one year alone there were 6,845 calls received by Transition House Association; 1,201 calls received by the Child Abuse Line; and 757 new cases opened by Victims Services, of which 108 were sexual abuse cases, 242 wife abuse cases, and 46 other family abuse cases.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The police closed all of the cases.' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | The police closed all of the cases. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It isn't known how many of the cases were closed. |
<BOP> In his book The Crucifixion of Jesus, physician and forensic pathologist Frederick Zugibe studied the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus in great detail. Zugibe carried out a number of experiments over several years to test his theories while he was a medical examiner. These studies included experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging at specific angles and the amount of pull on each hand was measured, in cases where the feet were also secured or not. In these cases the amount of pull and the corresponding pain was found to be significant. <EOP> <BOQ> What kind of experiments did Zugibe run? <EOQ> | What kind of experiments did Zugibe run? | <BOL> experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Unión Deportiva Vall de Uxó is a football team based in La Vall d'Uixó, in Castellón province, autonomous community of Valencian Community, Spain. Founded in 1975, it plays in Regional Preferente – Group 1. Its stadium is "José Mangriñán", which has a capacity of 4,000 seats.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Unión Deportiva Vall de Uxó plays at a stadium that is filled to capacity.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Unión Deportiva Vall de Uxó plays at a stadium that is filled to capacity. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} We cannot tell if it is always filled to capacity or not. This depends on the day. I'm not sure the system could differentiate between that and the 4k capacity. |
<BOP> The Iranian languages or Iranic languages form a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, which in turn are a branch of the Indo-European language family. The speakers of Iranian languages are known as Iranian peoples. Historical Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE), and New Iranian (since 900 CE). Of the Old Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Old Persian (a language of Achaemenid Iran) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Middle Iranian languages included Middle Persian (a language of Sassanid Iran), Parthian, and Bactrian. <EOP> <BOQ> What are Indo-Iranian languages a subset of? <EOQ> | What are Indo-Iranian languages a subset of? | <BOL> Indo-European language family <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Robert L. Hass (born March 1, 1941) is an American poet. He served as Poet Laureate of the United States from 1995 to 1997. He won the 2007 National Book Award and shared the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for the collection "Time and Materials: Poems 1997-2005." In 2014 he was awarded the Wallace Stevens Award from the Academy of American Poets.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Robert L. Hass has only won 2 awards' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Robert L. Hass has only won 2 awards | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} He also shared the pultizer prize in 2008 |
<BOP> Starting in the 1980s, he travelled with his all-female Amazonian Guard, who were allegedly sworn to a life of celibacy. However, according to psychologist Seham Sergewa, after the civil war several of the guards told her they had been pressured into joining and raped by Gaddafi and senior officials. He hired several Ukrainian nurses to care for him and his family's health, and traveled everywhere with his trusted Ukrainian nurse Halyna Kolotnytska. Kolotnytska's daughter denied the suggestion that the relationship was anything but professional. <EOP> <BOQ> What sort of relationship did Gaddafi have with Halyna Kolotnytska? <EOQ> | What sort of relationship did Gaddafi have with Halyna Kolotnytska? | <BOL> professional <EOL> |
<BOP>
India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. <EOP> <BOQ> How many bearers of the torch were used in India? <EOQ> | How many bearers of the torch were used in India? | <BOL> 70 <EOL> |
<BOP> Antennas are characterized by a number of performance measures which a user would be concerned with in selecting or designing an antenna for a particular application. Chief among these relate to the directional characteristics (as depicted in the antenna's radiation pattern) and the resulting gain. Even in omnidirectional (or weakly directional) antennas, the gain can often be increased by concentrating more of its power in the horizontal directions, sacrificing power radiated toward the sky and ground. The antenna's power gain (or simply "gain") also takes into account the antenna's efficiency, and is often the primary figure of merit. <EOP> <BOQ> How could one deide what type of antenna is nedded for a project? <EOQ> | How could one deide what type of antenna is nedded for a project? | <BOL> performance measures <EOL> |
<BOP> After Nasser died in November 1970, his successor, Anwar Sadat, suggested that rather than a unified state, they create a political federation, implemented in April 1971; in doing so, Egypt, Syria and Sudan got large grants of Libyan oil money. In February 1972, Gaddafi and Sadat signed an unofficial charter of merger, but it was never implemented as relations broke down the following year. Sadat became increasingly wary of Libya's radical direction, and the September 1973 deadline for implementing the Federation passed by with no action taken. <EOP> <BOQ> Along with Libya, what nations joined the political federation? <EOQ> | Along with Libya, what nations joined the political federation? | <BOL> Egypt, Syria and Sudan <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'The Carnival<br>Every year, a carnival came to town. Kids loved to ride the ferris wheel. Last year, The Scrambler made its debut. A ride always broke before the end of the carnival. All the kids in town looked forward to that week.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'When the carnival come to town, the kids go crazy' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | When the carnival come to town, the kids go crazy | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} going crazy is subjective |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Writing Degree Zero (French: "Le degré zéro de l'écriture" ) is a book of literary criticism by Roland Barthes. First published in 1953, it was Barthes' first full-length book and was intended, as Barthes writes in the introduction, as "no more than an Introduction to what a History of Writing might be."' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Writing Degree Zero was first published in nineteen hundred fifty two.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | Writing Degree Zero was first published in nineteen hundred fifty two. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It was first published in 1953, not 1952. It's difficult because writing out the year in words easily confuses the system. |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'The Pickles<br>Ethan had cucumbers growing in his garden. He decided to make pickles with them. He chopped them and soaked them in vinegar. He added a few herbs, too. The pickles were delicious!' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Ethan's wife made him make pickles with the cucumbers growing in his garden.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Ethan's wife made him make pickles with the cucumbers growing in his garden. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The statement is incorrect, because based on the information provided Ethan decided on his own to make pickles with the cucumbers. I think the system got confused because of the mentioning of Ethan's wife, who is not mentioned in the scenario. |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Oil prices this Tuesday rose sharply in New York and London reaching a record 42,33 US dollars per barrel, 2.45 US dollars more than last Friday.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'One barrel price was 39.88 US dollars last Friday.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | One barrel price was 39.88 US dollars last Friday. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Oil prices this Tuesday rose sharply in New York and London reaching a record 42,33 US dollars per barrel, 2.45 US dollars more than last Friday. 42,33 - 2.45 = 39.88 US dollar |
<BOP> American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. <EOP> <BOQ> Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol? <EOQ> | Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol? | <BOL> Simon Fuller <EOL> |
<BOP> The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederick Philipse, lord of Philipse Manor. The tolls were resented by local farmers on both sides of the creek. In 1759, the farmers led by Jacobus Dyckman and Benjamin Palmer built a "free bridge" across the Harlem River which led to the abandonment of tolls altogether. <EOP> <BOQ> Who owned Kingsbridge? <EOQ> | Who owned Kingsbridge? | <BOL> Frederick Philipse <EOL> |
<BOP> The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as mehozot (מחוזות; singular: mahoz) – Center, Haifa, Jerusalem, North, Southern, and Tel Aviv Districts, as well as the Judea and Samaria Area in the West Bank. All of the Judea and Samaria Area and parts of the Jerusalem and North districts are not recognized internationally as part of Israel. Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (נפות; singular: nafa), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions. <EOP> <BOQ> How many sub-districts are there? <EOQ> | How many sub-districts are there? | <BOL> fifteen <EOL> |
<BOP> In the far north, there is a division between Berber-descendent Tuareg nomad populations and the darker-skinned Bella or Tamasheq people, due the historical spread of slavery in the region. An estimated 800,000 people in Mali are descended from slaves. Slavery in Mali has persisted for centuries. The Arabic population kept slaves well into the 20th century, until slavery was suppressed by French authorities around the mid-20th century. There still persist certain hereditary servitude relationships, and according to some estimates, even today approximately 200,000 Malians are still enslaved. <EOP> <BOQ> The darker skinned Bella people are also refereed to as what name? <EOQ> | The darker skinned Bella people are also refereed to as what name? | <BOL> Tamasheq <EOL> |
Given the detailed context: 'Captain Scarlett is a 1953 American Technicolor Adventure film directed by Thomas Carr, that was shot in Mexico. The film is set in France following the fall of Napoleon I, and stars Richard Greene playing the title role, a Robin Hood type avenger, and Brazilian actress Leonora Amar in her final screen role.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'The film was not about Robin Hood.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The film was not about Robin Hood. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The character was similar to Robin Hood, but was not Robin Hood. |
<BOP> Astronomy: Astronomical observations from China constitute the longest continuous sequence from any civilisation and include records of sunspots (112 records from 364 BC), supernovas (1054), lunar and solar eclipses. By the 12th century, they could reasonably accurately make predictions of eclipses, but the knowledge of this was lost during the Ming dynasty, so that the Jesuit Matteo Ricci gained much favour in 1601 by his predictions. By 635 Chinese astronomers had observed that the tails of comets always point away from the sun. <EOP> <BOQ> What year did Chinese astronomers start to observe comets? <EOQ> | What year did Chinese astronomers start to observe comets? | <BOL> 635 <EOL> |
<BOP> Differences in the settlement patterns of eastern and western North Carolina, or the Low Country and uplands, affected the political, economic, and social life of the state from the 18th until the 20th century. The Tidewater in eastern North Carolina was settled chiefly by immigrants from rural England and the Scottish Highlands. The upcountry of western North Carolina was settled chiefly by Scots-Irish, English, and German Protestants, the so-called "cohee". Arriving during the mid- to late 18th century, the Scots-Irish from what is today Northern Ireland were the largest non-English immigrant group before the Revolution; English indentured servants were overwhelmingly the largest immigrant group before the Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, the English and Highland Scots of eastern North Carolina tended to remain loyal to the British Crown, because of longstanding business and personal connections with Great Britain. The English, Welsh, Scots-Irish, and German settlers of western North Carolina tended to favor American independence from Britain. <EOP> <BOQ> Who did the Tidewater settlers remain loyal to during the American revolution? <EOQ> | Who did the Tidewater settlers remain loyal to during the American revolution? | <BOL> the British Crown <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Albert Levitt (March 14, 1887 – June 18, 1968) was a judge, law professor, attorney, and candidate for political office. While he was a memorable teacher at Washington and Lee University, and as judge of the United States District Court for the Virgin Islands ordered that woman voters must be registered, he later came to hold what some thought were eccentric views on religion.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Albert Levitt was a hardworking, law minded individual who held several positions in the legal field during his life, (which ended in the summer of 1978) , as a professor of law, an attorney, and judge, and even making a run at political offices.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Albert Levitt was a hardworking, law minded individual who held several positions in the legal field during his life, (which ended in the summer of 1978) , as a professor of law, an attorney, and judge, and even making a run at political offices. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Both true and false as all that is initially stated is correct, except for the part with him being deadin 1978 (it was 1968 actually) |
<BOP> High school football teams frequently participate in controlled scrimmages with other teams during preseason practice, but exhibition games are rare because of league rules and concerns about finances, travel and player injuries, along with enrollments not being registered until the early part of August in most school districts under the traditional September–June academic term. A more common exhibition is the high school football all-star game, which brings together top players from a region. These games are typically played by graduating seniors during the summer or at the end of the season. Many of these games, which include the U.S. Army All-American Bowl and Under Armour All-America Game, are used as showcases for players to be seen by colleges. <EOP> <BOQ> What do high school all-star players hope to be seen by? <EOQ> | What do high school all-star players hope to be seen by? | <BOL> colleges <EOL> |
<BOP> Research in the field of nutrition has greatly contributed in finding out the essential facts about how environmental depletion can lead to crucial nutrition-related health problems like contamination, spread of contagious diseases, malnutrition, etc. Moreover, environmental contamination due to discharge of agricultural as well as industrial chemicals like organocholrines, heavy metal, and radionucleotides may adversely affect the human and the ecosystem as a whole. As far as safety of the human health is concerned, then these environmental contaminants can reduce people's nutritional status and health. This could directly or indirectly cause drastic changes in their diet habits. Hence, food-based remedial as well as preventive strategies are essential to address global issues like hunger and malnutrition and to enable the susceptible people to adapt themselves to all these environmental as well as socio-economic alterations. <EOP> <BOQ> What can environmental depletion lead to? <EOQ> | What can environmental depletion lead to? | <BOL> crucial nutrition-related health problems <EOL> |
With the premise: <BOP> 'Call Northside 777 is a 1948 reality-based film noir directed by Henry Hathaway and starring James Stewart. The picture parallels a true story of a Chicago reporter who proved that a man in prison for murder was wrongly convicted 11 years before. The names of the real wrongly convicted men were Majczek and Marcinkiewicz for the murder of Chicago Traffic Police Officer William D. Lundy.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Call Northside 777 is a film about a case that took place in 1937' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why. | Call Northside 777 is a film about a case that took place in 1937 | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The picture parallels a true story of a Chicago reporter who proved that a man in prison for murder was wrongly convicted 11 years before and the story came out in 1948 which means that the case happened in 1937 |
<BOP> During the process of meiotic cell division, an event called genetic recombination or crossing-over can sometimes occur, in which a length of DNA on one chromatid is swapped with a length of DNA on the corresponding sister chromatid. This has no effect if the alleles on the chromatids are the same, but results in reassortment of otherwise linked alleles if they are different.:5.5 The Mendelian principle of independent assortment asserts that each of a parent's two genes for each trait will sort independently into gametes; which allele an organism inherits for one trait is unrelated to which allele it inherits for another trait. This is in fact only true for genes that do not reside on the same chromosome, or are located very far from one another on the same chromosome. The closer two genes lie on the same chromosome, the more closely they will be associated in gametes and the more often they will appear together; genes that are very close are essentially never separated because it is extremely unlikely that a crossover point will occur between them. This is known as genetic linkage. <EOP> <BOQ> In genetic linkage, what sort of point is extremely unlikely to occur? <EOQ> | In genetic linkage, what sort of point is extremely unlikely to occur? | <BOL> a crossover point <EOL> |
<BOP> The traditional New York area accent is characterized as non-rhotic, so that the sound [ɹ] does not appear at the end of a syllable or immediately before a consonant; hence the pronunciation of the city name as "New Yawk." There is no [ɹ] in words like park [pɑək] or [pɒək] (with vowel backed and diphthongized due to the low-back chain shift), butter [bʌɾə], or here [hiə]. In another feature called the low back chain shift, the [ɔ] vowel sound of words like talk, law, cross, chocolate, and coffee and the often homophonous [ɔr] in core and more are tensed and usually raised more than in General American. In the most old-fashioned and extreme versions of the New York dialect, the vowel sounds of words like "girl" and of words like "oil" became a diphthong [ɜɪ]. This would often be misperceived by speakers of other accents as a reversal of the er and oy sounds, so that girl is pronounced "goil" and oil is pronounced "erl"; this leads to the caricature of New Yorkers saying things like "Joizey" (Jersey), "Toidy-Toid Street" (33rd St.) and "terlet" (toilet). The character Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom All in the Family (played by Carroll O'Connor) was a notable example of having used this pattern of speech, which continues to fade in its overall presence. <EOP> <BOQ> What is the transliteration of the way in which New Yorkers are perceived to pronounce the name of their city? <EOQ> | What is the transliteration of the way in which New Yorkers are perceived to pronounce the name of their city? | <BOL> New Yawk <EOL> |
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Space Cowboys is a 2000 American space drama film directed and produced by Clint Eastwood. It stars Eastwood, Tommy Lee Jones, Donald Sutherland, and James Garner as four older "ex-test pilots" who are sent into space to repair an old Soviet satellite.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Space Cowboys was in theaters in 2000' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale. | Space Cowboys was in theaters in 2000 | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It did not mention if it was released in theaters or not |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'As the terms denoting this allowance vary, it may sometimes remain unclear whether fathers have any entitlements at all, and if so, to what exactly they are entitled.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'It may sometimes remain clear that fathers have many entitlements.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | It may sometimes remain clear that fathers have many entitlements. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The original text says, "it may sometimes remain unclear whether fathers have any entitlements at all" so it cannot also remain clear that fathers have many entitlements. |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'A Red Bull and a Colonel on a horse will come , but first , my father said , will come the two men making ready the ground for these matters .<br>That is how my father said they always did ; and it is always so when men work magic . '<br>If the woman had sent Kim up to the local Jadoo-Gher with those papers , he would , of course , have been taken over by the Provincial Lodge , and sent to the Masonic Orphanage in the Hills ; but what she had heard of magic she distrusted .' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'It is important to prepare the ground before the Red Bull and Colonel arrive.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | It is important to prepare the ground before the Red Bull and Colonel arrive. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The text references two people preparing the ground for the Red Bull and Colonel, but the usage of the word "important" is relative. Some might find it important while others do not. The system was likely confused by the relativity of the word. |
<BOP> Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also came from Persia. After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year. Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. There is also a well established Chinese Muslim community (gya kachee), which traces its ancestry back to the Hui ethnic group of China. <EOP> <BOQ> In what year were all Tibetan Muslims declared Indiana citizens? <EOQ> | In what year were all Tibetan Muslims declared Indiana citizens? | <BOL> 1959 <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Nichols was found guilty May 26 of 161 counts of first-degree murder for 160 victims and an unborn child in a state trial.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Nichols poisoned the water system in a small town' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Nichols poisoned the water system in a small town | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context only mentioned that was guilty of murder, it never mentioned how he did it and therefore it is not known. |
<BOP> At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2015, Beyoncé was nominated for six awards, ultimately winning three: Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song for "Drunk in Love", and Best Surround Sound Album for Beyoncé. She was nominated for Album of the Year but the award was won by Beck for his Morning Phase album. In August, the cover of the September issue of Vogue magazine was unveiled online, Beyoncé as the cover star, becoming the first African-American artist and third African-American woman in general to cover the September issue. She headlined the 2015 Made in America festival in early September and also the Global Citizen Festival later that month. Beyoncé made an uncredited featured appearance on the track "Hymn for the Weekend" by British rock band Coldplay, on their seventh studio album A Head Full of Dreams (2015), which saw release in December. On January 7, 2016, Pepsi announced Beyoncé would perform alongside Coldplay at Super Bowl 50 in February. Knowles has previously performed at four Super Bowl shows throughout her career, serving as the main headliner of the 47th Super Bowl halftime show in 2013. <EOP> <BOQ> On what magazine was she the cover model? <EOQ> | On what magazine was she the cover model? | <BOL> Vogue <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Irma Pezzia Haubold (November 20, 1908 – April 4, 1996) was an American artistic gymnast. She competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics and placed fifth with the team. She was married to a fellow Olympic gymnast Frank Haubold. They were the first married couple of compete in the same Olympics.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Irma Pezzia Haubold died 60 years after she competed in the summer Olympics' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Irma Pezzia Haubold died 60 years after she competed in the summer Olympics | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} She died in 1996 and competed in the 1936 Olympics. This is 60 years. I think it was difficult because it included math not provided in the context. |
<BOP> Title IV of the 1978 Spanish constitution invests the Consentimiento Real (Royal Assent) and promulgation (publication) of laws with the monarch of Spain, while Title III, The Cortes Generales, Chapter 2, Drafting of Bills, outlines the method by which bills are passed. According to Article 91, within fifteen days of passage of a bill by the Cortes Generales, the sovereign shall give his or her assent and publish the new law. Article 92 invests the monarch with the right to call for a referendum, on the advice of the president of the government (commonly referred to in English as the prime minister) and the authorisation of the cortes. <EOP> <BOQ> In the 1978 Spanish constitution, which title describes how bills are passed? <EOQ> | In the 1978 Spanish constitution, which title describes how bills are passed? | <BOL> Title III, The Cortes Generales <EOL> |
<BOP> Furthermore, the amount of time adolescents spend on work and leisure activities varies greatly by culture as a result of cultural norms and expectations, as well as various socioeconomic factors. American teenagers spend less time in school or working and more time on leisure activities—which include playing sports, socializing, and caring for their appearance—than do adolescents in many other countries. These differences may be influenced by cultural values of education and the amount of responsibility adolescents are expected to assume in their family or community. <EOP> <BOQ> Do American teenagers spend more or less time in shool than adolescents in other countires? <EOQ> | Do American teenagers spend more or less time in shool than adolescents in other countires? | <BOL> less <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'The Enrolled Missouri Militia was a state militia organization of Missouri in 1862 during the American Civil War. It was a part-time force whose primary purpose was to serve as garrison and infrastructure guards, both to augment the Unionist Missouri State Militia in defense versus raids and to free the Missouri State Militia for offensive operations versus Confederate guerrillas and recruiters.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'The Enrolled Missouri Militia was made in an odd year.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | The Enrolled Missouri Militia was made in an odd year. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It was formed in an even year. |
<BOP> Somali cuisine varies from region to region and consists of a fusion of diverse culinary influences. It is the product of Somalia's rich tradition of trade and commerce. Despite the variety, there remains one thing that unites the various regional cuisines: all food is served halal. There are therefore no pork dishes, alcohol is not served, nothing that died on its own is eaten, and no blood is incorporated. <EOP> <BOQ> Along with alcohol, what liquid is never present in halal food? <EOQ> | Along with alcohol, what liquid is never present in halal food? | <BOL> blood <EOL> |
<BOP> People are usually well informed about their health status, the positive and negative effects of their behaviour on their health and their use of health care services. Yet their perceptions of their health can differ from what administrative and examination-based data show about levels of illness within populations. Thus, survey results based on self-reporting at the household level complement other data on health status and the use of services. Only one third of adults rated their health as good or very good in Portugal (Kasmel et al., 2004). This is the lowest of the Eur-A countries reporting and reflects the relatively adverse situation of the country in terms of mortality and selected morbidity. <EOP> <BOQ> What survey results complement on data on health status? <EOQ> | What survey results complement on data on health status? | <BOL> self-reporting at the household level <EOL> |
<BOP>
Indonesia: The Olympic flame reached Jakarta on April 22. The original 20 km relay through Jakarta was cancelled due to "security worries", at the request of the Chinese embassy, and the torch was instead carried round the city main's stadium, as it had been in Islamabad. Several dozen pro-Tibet protesters gathered near the stadium, and were dispersed by the police. The event was held in the streets around the city main's stadium. The cancelling of the relay through the city itself was decided due to security concerns and at the request of the Chinese embassy. Only invitees and journalists were admitted inside the stadium. Protests took place outside the stadium. <EOP> <BOQ> Along with invited people, who were the only other people allowed in the stadium? <EOQ> | Along with invited people, who were the only other people allowed in the stadium? | <BOL> journalists <EOL> |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'How to remove ink stains from polyester<br>Blot the ink away. If you catch a stain when it happens, you may be able to simply blot it out. This can help remove the stain before it becomes too much of a problem.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Ink stains can't be fully removed.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Ink stains can't be fully removed. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} No where does it state in the text that ink stains can be fully removed. I think the machine got it wrong because it doesn't realize that there are varying degrees of taking care of a stain. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'LKF Cup was an annual basketball competition for Lithuanian basketball teams. It is organised by Lithuanian Basketball Federation (Lietuvos Krepšinio Federacija - LKF). Before 2007 LKF cup wasn't ran regularly, but since then its finals are organisised every January, February or March.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'A Lithuanian basketball team has won the LKF Cup every year.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | A Lithuanian basketball team has won the LKF Cup every year. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It is a competition for Lithuanian teams, so it had to be won by a Lithuanian team. |
<BOP> In the early 1880s, Kanehiro Takaki observed that Japanese sailors (whose diets consisted almost entirely of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease causing heart problems and paralysis), but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding various types of vegetables and meats to the diets of Japanese sailors prevented the disease, (not because of the increased protein as Takaki supposed but because it introduced a few parts per million of thiamine to the diet, later understood as a cure). <EOP> <BOQ> What was the main component of Japanese sailor's diet? <EOQ> | What was the main component of Japanese sailor's diet? | <BOL> white rice <EOL> |
<BOP> Tito was notable for pursuing a foreign policy of neutrality during the Cold War and for establishing close ties with developing countries. Tito's strong belief in self-determination caused early rift with Stalin and consequently, the Eastern Bloc. His public speeches often reiterated that policy of neutrality and cooperation with all countries would be natural as long as these countries did not use their influence to pressure Yugoslavia to take sides. Relations with the United States and Western European nations were generally cordial. <EOP> <BOQ> With whom did Tito's belief in self-determination cause a rift? <EOQ> | With whom did Tito's belief in self-determination cause a rift? | <BOL> Stalin <EOL> |
<BOP> In dominant-party systems, opposition parties are allowed, and there may be even a deeply established democratic tradition, but other parties are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power. Sometimes, political, social and economic circumstances, and public opinion are the reason for others parties' failure. Sometimes, typically in countries with less of an established democratic tradition, it is possible the dominant party will remain in power by using patronage and sometimes by voting fraud. In the latter case, the definition between dominant and one-party system becomes rather blurred. Examples of dominant party systems include the People's Action Party in Singapore, the African National Congress in South Africa, the Cambodian People's Party in Cambodia, the Liberal Democratic Party in Japan, and the National Liberation Front in Algeria. One-party dominant system also existed in Mexico with the Institutional Revolutionary Party until the 1990s, in the southern United States with the Democratic Party from the late 19th century until the 1970s, in Indonesia with the Golkar from the early 1970s until 1998. <EOP> <BOQ> What are some examples of dominant party systems? <EOQ> | What are some examples of dominant party systems? | <BOL> African National Congress in South Africa, the Cambodian People's Party in Cambodia <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Ezra Klein (born May 9, 1984) is an American journalist, blogger, and political commentator who currently serves as editor-at-large of "Vox". He was previously a blogger and columnist for "The Washington Post" and an associate editor of "The American Prospect". He has served as a contributor to Bloomberg News and MSNBC.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Ezra Klein was born in the 1900's' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | Ezra Klein was born in the 1900's | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It states "Ezra Klein (born May 9, 1984)" therefore he was born in the 1900's. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'Domestically, he has played for Khan Research Laboratories, Lahore, Lahore Eagles, Lahore Lions, Lahore Qalandars, Pakistan A and Huntly (Scotland) during his career. He was the captain of Lahore Qalandars in the first edition of the Pakistan Super League.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'He currently resides in Scotland.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | He currently resides in Scotland. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context mentions that he played on a Scottish team, so it is possible that he live(s/d) in Scotland. Further, the context contains no present-tense information so there is no was to know for sure that he lives in Scotland. I think the AI was fooled because the context is very cryptic to begin with and it is only parenthetically mentioned that one of the several teams he has played for is based in Scotland. Further, he has also played in a Pakistani league, further obfuscating where he could live. |
From the information in: <BOP> 'The 1948 SMU Mustangs football team represented the SMU Mustangs of Southern Methodist University during the 1948 college football season. Doak Walker was a junior when he won the Heisman Trophy. Doak established several other Southwest Conference records that still stand.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'SMU stand for Souther Methodist University' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | SMU stand for Souther Methodist University | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} SMU is the abbreviation of Southern Methodist University, hence SMU stands for Southern Methodist University |
<BOP> Many of the writers in the Tanzimat period wrote in several different genres simultaneously: for instance, the poet Namik Kemal also wrote the important 1876 novel İntibâh ("Awakening"), while the journalist İbrahim Şinasi is noted for writing, in 1860, the first modern Turkish play, the one-act comedy "Şair Evlenmesi" ("The Poet's Marriage"). An earlier play, a farce entitled "Vakâyi'-i 'Acibe ve Havâdis-i Garibe-yi Kefşger Ahmed" ("The Strange Events and Bizarre Occurrences of the Cobbler Ahmed"), dates from the beginning of the 19th century, but there remains some doubt about its authenticity. In a similar vein, the novelist Ahmed Midhat Efendi wrote important novels in each of the major movements: Romanticism (Hasan Mellâh yâhud Sırr İçinde Esrâr, 1873; "Hasan the Sailor, or The Mystery Within the Mystery"), Realism (Henüz On Yedi Yaşında, 1881; "Just Seventeen Years Old"), and Naturalism (Müşâhedât, 1891; "Observations"). This diversity was, in part, due to the Tanzimat writers' wish to disseminate as much of the new literature as possible, in the hopes that it would contribute to a revitalization of Ottoman social structures. <EOP> <BOQ> What did writers of the Tanzimat period hope to accomplish with their publications? <EOQ> | What did writers of the Tanzimat period hope to accomplish with their publications? | <BOL> contribute to a revitalization of Ottoman social structures <EOL> |
<BOP> The term "classical music" has two meanings: the broader meaning includes all Western art music from the Medieval era to today, and the specific meaning refers to the music from the 1750s to the early 1830s—the era of Mozart and Haydn. This section is about the more specific meaning. <EOP> <BOQ> The broad meaning of classical music stretches back from today to what era? <EOQ> | The broad meaning of classical music stretches back from today to what era? | <BOL> the Medieval era <EOL> |
<BOP> There have been instances where a country's government bans a movie, resulting in the spread of copied videos and DVDs. Romanian-born documentary maker Ilinca Calugareanu wrote a New York Times article telling the story of Irina Margareta Nistor, a narrator for state TV under Nicolae Ceauşescu's regime. A visitor from the west gave her bootlegged copies of American movies, which she dubbed for secret viewings through Romania. According to the article, she dubbed more than 3,000 movies and became the country's second-most famous voice after Ceauşescu, even though no one knew her name until many years later. <EOP> <BOQ> What did a visitor give to Nistor? <EOQ> | What did a visitor give to Nistor? | <BOL> bootlegged copies of American movies <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Him & Her is a British television sitcom about a lazy twenty-something couple: Steve and Becky, who live in Walthamstow, London. It was first broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC Three on 6 September 2010. It is written by Stefan Golaszewski and stars Russell Tovey and Sarah Solemani. The theme tune is the song "Boom Bang-a-Bang" by Lulu.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Him & Her first broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC Three less than 3000 years ago.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Him & Her first broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC Three less than 3000 years ago. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It was first broadcast 9 years ago, and 9 years ago is definitely less than 3000 years ago. It's difficult because the system seems to get confused easily by large numbers like this and these types of questions. |
Examine the premise: <BOP> 'Parking Spot<br>I went to a city. I thought I had found a good parking spot for my scooter. I did not want to have to pay for a spot. I had it on a sidewalk by a bus station. I was told I could not park there.' </EOP> and assess if the subsequent statement: <BOH> 'They never had a problem parking here before' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Include your rationale. | They never had a problem parking here before | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} He says he thought he found a good parking spot, but was told he couldn't park there, It doesn't say either way if he has tried to park there before. So I said he never had a problem parking there before, since we don't know for sure if it was his first time parking there. |
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Dancing With the Stars season 24 is almost over. After a heated season with many twists and turns (including Simone Biles's shocking elimination last week), the show revealed which contestants will be competing in the finale. See the full cast below, and be sure to check back for the final results.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Simone Biles is an actress.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Simone Biles is an actress. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Although we know she is a gymnast in real life, nothing in the context gives any information as to what she does for a living. It only mentions that she appeared on a television show, and was eliminated. I guess it's difficult because the system thinks that she is a dancer perhaps because she was on the show. |
From the facts presented in <BOP> 'Stand-In is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Tay Garnett and starring Leslie Howard, Joan Blondell, and Humphrey Bogart. The picture was produced by the independent Walter Wanger, and released by United Artists. It is set in Hollywood and parodies many aspects of the film industry during the Classical Era.' </EOP>, decide if the statement: <BOH> 'Tay Garnett was born in nineteen hundred six.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Tay Garnett was born in nineteen hundred six. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} His birth date is never mentioned in the text. It's difficult because I wrote out the year in words and a different year is mentioned in the text. |
<BOP> The Romantic Movement of the early 19th century reshaped science by opening up new pursuits unexpected in the classical approaches of the Enlightenment. Major breakthroughs came in biology, especially in Darwin's theory of evolution, as well as physics (electromagnetism), mathematics (non-Euclidean geometry, group theory) and chemistry (organic chemistry). The decline of Romanticism occurred because a new movement, Positivism, began to take hold of the ideals of the intellectuals after 1840 and lasted until about 1880. <EOP> <BOQ> What year did Positivism end? <EOQ> | What year did Positivism end? | <BOL> 1880 <EOL> |
<BOP> Title VII was perhaps the most controversial of the entire bill. Many conservatives accused it of advocating a de facto quota system, and claimed unconstitutionality as it attempts to regulate the workplace. Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey corrected this notion: "there is nothing in [Title VII] that will give power to the Commission to require hiring, firing, and promotion to meet a racial 'quota.' [. . .] Title VII is designed to encourage the hiring on basis of ability and qualifications, not race or religion." Title VII prohibits discrimination. Humphrey was the silent hero of the bill's passing through Congress. He pledged that the bill required no quotas, just nondiscrimination. Doing so, he convinced many pro-business Republicans, including Senate Minority Leader Everett Dirksen (IL) to support Title VII.:78–80 <EOP> <BOQ> Which section of the legislation was considered the most controversial? <EOQ> | Which section of the legislation was considered the most controversial? | <BOL> Title VII <EOL> |
<BOP> A nonprofit organization (NPO, also known as a non-business entity) is an organization whose purposes are other than making a profit. A nonprofit organization is often dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a particular point of view. In economic terms, a nonprofit organization uses its surplus revenues to further achieve its purpose or mission, rather than distributing its surplus income to the organization's shareholders (or equivalents) as profit or dividends. This is known as the distribution constraint. The decision to adopt a nonprofit legal structure is one that will often have taxation implications, particularly where the nonprofit seeks income tax exemption, charitable status and so on. <EOP> <BOQ> What is an NPO also known as? <EOQ> | What is an NPO also known as? | <BOL> non-business entity <EOL> |
Consider the premise in: <BOP> 'Waste in the ponds produced by leaching gold from ore is a source of potential environmental dangers.' </EOP>. Would you classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Gold is an ore.' </EOH> as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Explain your reasoning. | Gold is an ore. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The context holds that Gold is leached from the ore. We are to assume that we can only use information and knowledge presented by the context. The context given does not state that Gold is an ore, nor does it state that it is not an ore. Therefore the statement "Gold is an ore." can neither be definitely correct nor definitely incorrect when in connection with the information only found in this context. |
With the given context: <BOP> 'The Pulitzer Prize for Photography was one of the American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism. It was inaugurated in 1942 and replaced by two photojournalism prizes in 1968: the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography and "Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography". The latter was renamed for Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography in 2000.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The Pulitzer Prize for Photography is one of 20 different Pulitzer prizes.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | The Pulitzer Prize for Photography is one of 20 different Pulitzer prizes. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} According to the above, we do not know how many Pulitzer prizes there are in total. The system must have some quantitative measurement that disagrees with this. |
<BOP> Starting in 1236, the Mongol prince Kublai, who later ruled as Khagan from 1260–1294, was granted a large appanage in North China by his superior, Ögedei Khan. Karma Pakshi, 2nd Karmapa Lama (1203–1283)—the head lama of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism—rejected Kublai's invitation, so instead Kublai invited Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (1235–1280), successor and nephew of Sakya Pandita, who came to his court in 1253. Kublai instituted a unique relationship with the Phagpa lama, which recognized Kublai as a superior sovereign in political affairs and the Phagpa lama as the senior instructor to Kublai in religious affairs. Kublai also made Drogön Chögyal Phagpa the director of the government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs and the ruling priest-king of Tibet, which comprised thirteen different states ruled by myriarchies. <EOP> <BOQ> With whom did Kublai Khan have a unique relationship with? <EOQ> | With whom did Kublai Khan have a unique relationship with? | <BOL> the Phagpa lama <EOL> |
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Lars Onsager won the Nobel prize when he was 30 years old' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | Lars Onsager won the Nobel prize when he was 30 years old | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Lars Onsager won the Nobel Prize in 1968 and he was born on 1903. He was about 65 years old |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Mr. Chief Justice, and may it please the Court: The questions today, especially the initial questions, suggest one of the many insurmountable obstacles to petitioners' petition in, position in this case. That is that the first Congress explicitly gave copyright protection to the authors of any books already printed as well as explicitly the owners of existing copyrights.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The court session is to discuss issues other than copyright' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | The court session is to discuss issues other than copyright | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The context makes is clear that the session is to discuss issues related to copyright, so it is incorrect to say that they are there to discuss other things. The system probably did not understand this |
<BOP> Microsoft began an advertising campaign centered around Windows 8 and its Surface tablet in October 2012, starting with its first television advertisement premiering on October 14, 2012. Microsoft's advertising budget of US$1.5–1.8 billion was significantly larger than the US$200 million campaign used to promote Windows 95. As part of its campaign, Microsoft set up 34 pop-up stores inside malls (primarily focusing on Surface), provided training for retail employees in partnership with Intel, and collaborated with the electronics store chain Best Buy to design expanded spaces to showcase devices. In an effort to make retail displays of Windows 8 devices more "personal", Microsoft also developed a character known in English-speaking markets as "Allison Brown", whose fictional profile (including personal photos, contacts, and emails) is also featured on demonstration units of Windows 8 devices. <EOP> <BOQ> How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 8? <EOQ> | How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 8? | <BOL> $1.5–1.8 billion <EOL> |
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Thanks to the thirty Heads who responded to my question about maternity leave. Clearly, the amount of maternity leave offered to teachers at international schools varies greatly from school to school.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The number of Heads that responded to the question was thirty nine minus ten.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision. | The number of Heads that responded to the question was thirty nine minus ten. | {<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The number of heads that responded to the question was thirty, thirty nine minus ten makes it twenty nine heads, making the statement definitely incorrect. It seems that the system has some problem with math. |
From the information in: <BOP> 'How to make boneless buffalo wings<br>Put about 1½ pints of water in a 6-quart saucepan over high heat, cover and boil. Cut off the thin tips of the wings and discard or throw into the freezer for your stock. Using kitchen shears, or a knife, separate the wings at the joint.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'cutt off tips of wings and throw the water into the freezer' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | cutt off tips of wings and throw the water into the freezer | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} you throw the wings into the freezer |
Using the premise: <BOP> 'Nicholas Sposato serves on Chicago City Council as alderman of the 38th Ward of the City of Chicago on the city's Northwest Side. Sposato was elected in 2011 in an election against incumbent alderman John Rice, who was endorsed by then Mayor-elect Rahm Emanuel.' </EOP>, decide if the conclusion: <BOH> 'Rahm Emanuel once served on Chicago City Council.' </EOH> logically follows as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your reasoning. | Rahm Emanuel once served on Chicago City Council. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} We can't exactly tell if Rahm Emanuel served on Chicago City Council. The system is not programmed to know this. |
Examine the information in <BOP> 'Amdoxovir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) undergoing research for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It was discovered by Raymond F. Schinazi (Emory University) and C.K. Chu (University of Georgia). It is being developed by RFS Pharma. Currently, it is in Phase II clinical studies.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'Amdoxovir is a potent antibiotic' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion. | Amdoxovir is a potent antibiotic | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Amdoxovir is used for a wide variety of viral conditions |
Given the detailed context: 'Jack Tate is a Republican legislator in the U.S. State of Colorado. He represents Senate District 27 in the Denver Metro Area, which encompasses parts of unincorporated Arapahoe County, the City of Centennial, and the town of Foxfield. He serves on the Senate Local Government, the Senate Business, Labor & Technology, and Joint Technology committees.', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'There is more than twenty senate districts.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. | There is more than twenty senate districts. | {<BOL> neutral </EOL>} Senate district 27 is in Denver meaning there must be more than 20. The system was confused by the wording. |
<BOP> It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultural centers of Iran and the region was known as Khorasan. The Kara-Khanid Khanate conquered Transoxania (which corresponds approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan and southwest Kazakhstan) and ruled between 999–1211. Their arrival in Transoxania signaled a definitive shift from Iranian to Turkic predominance in Central Asia, but gradually the Kara-khanids became assimilated into the Perso-Arab Muslim culture of the region. <EOP> <BOQ> Who restored Persian control of the region? <EOQ> | Who restored Persian control of the region? | <BOL> The Samanid Empire, <EOL> |
<BOP> In August 2012, the AFL announced a new project into China, known as the China American Football League. The CAFL project is headed up by ESPN NFL analyst and Philadelphia Soul majority owner president Ron Jaworski. The plans were to establish a six-team league that would play a 10-week schedule that was slated to start in October 2014. The AFL coaches and trainers will travel to China to help teach the rules of the sport to squads made up of Chinese and American players with the goal of starting an official Chinese arena league. Ganlan Media International were given exclusive rights to the new Chinese league. <EOP> <BOQ> What team is Ron Jaworski the majority owner of? <EOQ> | What team is Ron Jaworski the majority owner of? | <BOL> Philadelphia Soul <EOL> |
<BOP> The county was subject to significant boundary reform in 1974 that removed Liverpool and Manchester and most of their surrounding conurbations to form the metropolitan counties of Merseyside and Greater Manchester. The detached northern part of Lancashire in the Lake District, including the Furness Peninsula and Cartmel, was merged with Cumberland and Westmorland to form Cumbria. Lancashire lost 709 square miles of land to other counties, about two fifths of its original area, although it did gain some land from the West Riding of Yorkshire. Today the county borders Cumbria to the north, Greater Manchester and Merseyside to the south and North and West Yorkshire to the east; with a coastline on the Irish Sea to the west. The county palatine boundaries remain the same[clarification needed] with the Duke of Lancaster exercising sovereignty rights, including the appointment of lords lieutenant in Greater Manchester and Merseyside. <EOP> <BOQ> What is to the north of Lancashire today? <EOQ> | What is to the north of Lancashire today? | <BOL> Cumbria <EOL> |
<BOP> Nevertheless, the ethno-geographic caste hierarchy favoring the Mongols and other ethnicities were accorded higher status than the Han Chinese majority. Although Han Chinese who were recruited as advisers were often actually more influential than high officials, their status was not as well defined. Kublai also abolished the imperial examinations of China's civil service legacy, which was not reinstated until Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan's reign (1311–1320). Rossabi writes that Kublai recognized that in order to rule China, "he had to employ Chinese advisors and officials, yet he could not rely totally on Chinese advisers because he had to maintain a delicate balancing act between ruling the sedentary civilization of China and preserving the cultural identity and values of the Mongols." And "in governing China, he was concerned with the interests of his Chinese subjects, but also with exploiting the resources of the empire for his own aggrandizement. His motivations and objectives alternated from one to the other throughout his reign," according to Rossabi. Van Praag writes in The Status of Tibet that the Tibetans and Mongols, on the other hand, upheld a dual system of rule and an interdependent relationship that legitimated the succession of Mongol khans as universal Buddhist rulers, or chakravartin. Van Praag writes that "Tibet remained a unique part of the Empire and was never fully integrated into it," citing examples such as a licensed border market that existed between China and Tibet during the Yuan. <EOP> <BOQ> When did Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan reign? <EOQ> | When did Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan reign? | <BOL> 1311–1320 <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Dance<br>Janet was concerned about her upcoming prom. Her prom was on Friday. She came to school Wednesday concerned about not having a date. Fortunately Ben also did not have a date. So Ben asked Janet to prom and both of their problems were solved.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'She came to school Wednesday concerned about going to prom alone.' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | She came to school Wednesday concerned about going to prom alone. | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} If she is going to prom alone then she doesn't have a date. I don't think the system knows it is the same thing. |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'The term cur refers to the lowest class of nameless dog or Pariah Dog, generally a mixed-breed dog. Originally the word "cur" referred to a certain English purpose-bred, short-tailed cattle driving dog known only from historical records, the cur dog, but in modern usage it applies to any mixed-breed.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'cur is a term that is of english origin' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | cur is a term that is of english origin | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It says it is a certain english purpose-bred dog so the term is of english origin |
<BOP> In response to organized crime, on August 25, 1953, the FBI created the Top Hoodlum Program. The national office directed field offices to gather information on mobsters in their territories and to report it regularly to Washington for a centralized collection of intelligence on racketeers. After the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, or RICO Act, took effect, the FBI began investigating the former Prohibition-organized groups, which had become fronts for crime in major cities and small towns. All of the FBI work was done undercover and from within these organizations, using the provisions provided in the RICO Act. Gradually the agency dismantled many of the groups. Although Hoover initially denied the existence of a National Crime Syndicate in the United States, the Bureau later conducted operations against known organized crime syndicates and families, including those headed by Sam Giancana and John Gotti. The RICO Act is still used today for all organized crime and any individuals who might fall under the Act. <EOP> <BOQ> Is the RICO Act still used today? <EOQ> | Is the RICO Act still used today? | <BOL> The RICO Act is still used <EOL> |
Reflect on the information in: <BOP> 'Marcel Seip (] ; born 5 April 1982) is a Dutch former professional footballer who plays as a centre back for ACV in the Dutch Hoofdklasse. He previously played for Veendam, Heerenveen, Plymouth Argyle, Blackpool, Sheffield United, Charlton Athletic, Bradford City, VVV Venlo, Central Coast Mariners and FC Emmen.' </EOP>. Does the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Marcel Seip is over 30' </EOH> constitute a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? | Marcel Seip is over 30 | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} born in 82 |
<BOP> In 1932, Hayek suggested that private investment in the public markets was a better road to wealth and economic co-ordination in Britain than government spending programs, as argued in a letter he co-signed with Lionel Robbins and others in an exchange of letters with John Maynard Keynes in The Times. The nearly decade long deflationary depression in Britain dating from Churchill's decision in 1925 to return Britain to the gold standard at the old pre-war, pre-inflationary par was the public policy backdrop for Hayek's single public engagement with Keynes over British monetary and fiscal policy, otherwise Hayek and Keynes agreed on many theoretical matters, and their economic disagreements were fundamentally theoretical, having to do almost exclusively with the relation of the economics of extending the length of production to the economics of labour inputs. <EOP> <BOQ> What other notable figure signed the letter in which Hayek made his statement regarding private investment? <EOQ> | What other notable figure signed the letter in which Hayek made his statement regarding private investment? | <BOL> Lionel Robbins <EOL> |
<BOP> When a USB device is first connected to a USB host, the USB device enumeration process is started. The enumeration starts by sending a reset signal to the USB device. The data rate of the USB device is determined during the reset signaling. After reset, the USB device's information is read by the host and the device is assigned a unique 7-bit address. If the device is supported by the host, the device drivers needed for communicating with the device are loaded and the device is set to a configured state. If the USB host is restarted, the enumeration process is repeated for all connected devices. <EOP> <BOQ> What happens whenever a USB host is restarted? <EOQ> | What happens whenever a USB host is restarted? | <BOL> the enumeration process is repeated for all connected devices. <EOL> |
With the given context: <BOP> 'The site of a former distillery in Three Mills became a dedicated centre for film and television production with the establishment in the 1980s of Bow Studios, Three Mills Island Studios, and Edwin Shirley Productions. In the mid-1990s the three studios merged to become 3 Mills Studios, under the management of Workspace Group.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'The three studios were independent and did not merge until mid-1990s' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer. | The three studios were independent and did not merge until mid-1990s | {<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The studios merged to become 3 Mills Studios, under the management of Workspace Group. |
<BOP> Semantic-phonetic compounds or pictophonetic compounds are by far the most numerous characters. These characters are composed of two parts: one of a limited set of characters (the semantic indicator, often graphically simplified) which suggests the general meaning of the compound character, and another character (the phonetic indicator) whose pronunciation suggests the pronunciation of the compound character. In most cases the semantic indicator is also the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries. <EOP> <BOQ> What is the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries? <EOQ> | What is the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries? | <BOL> semantic indicator <EOL> |
<BOP> International reactions to Gaddafi's death were divided. U.S. President Barack Obama stated that it meant that "the shadow of tyranny over Libya has been lifted," while UK Prime Minister David Cameron stated that he was "proud" of his country's role in overthrowing "this brutal dictator". Contrastingly, former Cuban President Fidel Castro commented that in defying the rebels, Gaddafi would "enter history as one of the great figures of the Arab nations", while Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez described him as "a great fighter, a revolutionary and a martyr." Nelson Mandela expressed sadness at the news, praising Gaddafi for his anti-apartheid stance, remarking that he backed the African National Congress during "the darkest moments of our struggle". Gaddafi was mourned by many as a hero across Sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, a vigil was held by Muslims in Sierra Leone. The Daily Times of Nigeria stated that while undeniably a dictator, Gaddafi was the most benevolent in a region that only knew dictatorship, and that he was "a great man that looked out for his people and made them the envy of all of Africa." The Nigerian newspaper Leadership reported that while many Libyans and Africans would mourn Gaddafi, this would be ignored by western media and that as such it would take 50 years before historians decided whether he was "martyr or villain." <EOP> <BOQ> Who noted Gaddafi's opposition to apartheid? <EOQ> | Who noted Gaddafi's opposition to apartheid? | <BOL> Nelson Mandela <EOL> |
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