Datasets:

wildercb
/

anli_squad_llm_tuning_dataset

Dataset card Data Studio Files Files and versions Community

Split (1)

train · 6.4k rows

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.

instruction stringlengths 216 3.44k	input stringlengths 1 284	output stringlengths 13 716
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Songbook is an acoustic live album by American musician and Soundgarden vocalist Chris Cornell, released on November 21, 2011. The live album features songs recorded during Cornell's Songbook Tour, an acoustic solo tour which took place during March–May 2011 in the US, and is his first live album as a solo artist.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Chris Cornell was a guitarist.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision.	Chris Cornell was a guitarist.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} He is a vocalist but he's also a guitarist.
Analyze the premise: <BOP> 'Deng Haihua, Ministry of Health spokesperson, expects the disease to reach its height between May and July. Yang Weizhong Deputy Director for the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention said researchers are increasing research efforts to find a vaccine for EV71. Families are being instructed to embark on week-long disinfections with free medical supplies from local health authorities.' </EOP>. Classify the hypothesis: <BOH> 'There is no treatment for EV71.' </EOH> as contradiction, entailment, or neutral.	There is no treatment for EV71.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Just because there is no vaccine does not mean there is no alternative treatment. For example, perhaps it's like influenza, where general rest, IV or experimental treatments are available.
<BOP> The vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in long strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA consists of a chain made from four types of nucleotide subunits, each composed of: a five-carbon sugar (2'-deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.:2.1 <EOP> <BOQ> What type of sugar composes part of the DNA molecule? <EOQ>	What type of sugar composes part of the DNA molecule?	<BOL> a five-carbon sugar (2'-deoxyribose) <EOL>
<BOP> In 1991, there were only two proposals available that could be completely assessed for an MPEG audio standard: Musicam (Masking pattern adapted Universal Subband Integrated Coding And Multiplexing) and ASPEC (Adaptive Spectral Perceptual Entropy Coding). The Musicam technique, as proposed by Philips (the Netherlands), CCETT (France) and Institut für Rundfunktechnik (Germany) was chosen due to its simplicity and error robustness, as well as its low computational power associated with the encoding of high quality compressed audio. The Musicam format, based on sub-band coding, was the basis of the MPEG Audio compression format (sampling rates, structure of frames, headers, number of samples per frame). <EOP> <BOQ> What was the Musican format based on? <EOQ>	What was the Musican format based on?	<BOL> sub-band coding <EOL>
<BOP> Tibet has various festivals that are commonly performed to worship the Buddha[citation needed] throughout the year. Losar is the Tibetan New Year Festival. Preparations for the festive event are manifested by special offerings to family shrine deities, painted doors with religious symbols, and other painstaking jobs done to prepare for the event. Tibetans eat Guthuk (barley noodle soup with filling) on New Year's Eve with their families. The Monlam Prayer Festival follows it in the first month of the Tibetan calendar, falling between the fourth and the eleventh days of the first Tibetan month. It involves dancing and participating in sports events, as well as sharing picnics. The event was established in 1049 by Tsong Khapa, the founder of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama's order. <EOP> <BOQ> What is the Tibetan New Year Festival called? <EOQ>	What is the Tibetan New Year Festival called?	<BOL> Losar <EOL>
<BOP> Artists such as Gary Numan, the Human League, Soft Cell, John Foxx and Visage helped pioneer a new synthpop style that drew more heavily from electronic and synthesizer music and benefited from the rise of MTV. Post-punk artists such as Scritti Politti's Green Gartside and Josef K's Paul Haig, previously engaged in avant-garde practices, turned away from these approaches and pursued mainstream styles and commercial success. These new developments, in which post-punk artists attempted to bring subversive ideas into the pop mainstream, began to be categorized under the marketing term new pop. <EOP> <BOQ> What did the synthpop style of music benefit from the gaining popularity of? <EOQ>	What did the synthpop style of music benefit from the gaining popularity of?	<BOL> MTV <EOL>
<BOP> The university culture developed differently in northern Europe than it did in the south, although the northern (primarily Germany, France and Great Britain) and southern universities (primarily Italy) did have many elements in common. Latin was the language of the university, used for all texts, lectures, disputations and examinations. Professors lectured on the books of Aristotle for logic, natural philosophy, and metaphysics; while Hippocrates, Galen, and Avicenna were used for medicine. Outside of these commonalities, great differences separated north and south, primarily in subject matter. Italian universities focused on law and medicine, while the northern universities focused on the arts and theology. There were distinct differences in the quality of instruction in these areas which were congruent with their focus, so scholars would travel north or south based on their interests and means. There was also a difference in the types of degrees awarded at these universities. English, French and German universities usually awarded bachelor's degrees, with the exception of degrees in theology, for which the doctorate was more common. Italian universities awarded primarily doctorates. The distinction can be attributed to the intent of the degree holder after graduation – in the north the focus tended to be on acquiring teaching positions, while in the south students often went on to professional positions. The structure of northern universities tended to be modeled after the system of faculty governance developed at the University of Paris. Southern universities tended to be patterned after the student-controlled model begun at the University of Bologna. Among the southern universities, a further distinction has been noted between those of northern Italy, which followed the pattern of Bologna as a "self-regulating, independent corporation of scholars" and those of southern Italy and Iberia, which were "founded by royal and imperial charter to serve the needs of government." <EOP> <BOQ> What type of degree was given out at a English university? <EOQ>	What type of degree was given out at a English university?	<BOL> bachelor's degrees <EOL>
<BOP> Under New York State's gradual abolition act of 1799, children of slave mothers were born to be eventually liberated but were held in indentured servitude until their mid-to-late twenties. Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-black population gradually developed in Manhattan. Under such influential United States founders as Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, the New York Manumission Society worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate black children. It was not until 1827 that slavery was completely abolished in the state, and free blacks struggled afterward with discrimination. New York interracial abolitionist activism continued; among its leaders were graduates of the African Free School. The city's black population reached more than 16,000 in 1840. <EOP> <BOQ> In what year did the state of New York pass a law to free the slaves? <EOQ>	In what year did the state of New York pass a law to free the slaves?	<BOL> 1799 <EOL>
From the information in: <BOP> '"You Are My Sunshine" is a popular song recorded by Jimmie Davis and Charles Mitchell and first recorded in 1939. It has been declared one of the state songs of Louisiana because of its association with Davis, a country music singer and governor of the state in the years 1944–1948 and 1960–1964.' </EOP>, deduce whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Jimmie Davis was the governor of Alabama.' </EOH> results in a contradiction, entailment, or neutral.	Jimmie Davis was the governor of Alabama.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} The context states that Jimmie Davis was the governor of Louisiana, but does not mention whether or not he was every governor of another state. I think that the system found this difficult because the context clearly specified that Davis had been governor of Louisiana.
<BOP> During the last century, decreases in biodiversity have been increasingly observed. In 2007, German Federal Environment Minister Sigmar Gabriel cited estimates that up to 30% of all species will be extinct by 2050. Of these, about one eighth of known plant species are threatened with extinction. Estimates reach as high as 140,000 species per year (based on Species-area theory). This figure indicates unsustainable ecological practices, because few species emerge each year.[citation needed] Almost all scientists acknowledge that the rate of species loss is greater now than at any time in human history, with extinctions occurring at rates hundreds of times higher than background extinction rates. As of 2012, some studies suggest that 25% of all mammal species could be extinct in 20 years. <EOP> <BOQ> Who is the German Federal Environment Minister? <EOQ>	Who is the German Federal Environment Minister?	<BOL> Sigmar Gabriel <EOL>
<BOP> Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed. <EOP> <BOQ> Firefox does web feeds as what? <EOQ>	Firefox does web feeds as what?	<BOL> live bookmarks <EOL>
<BOP> In 1838, there was a flurry of entrepreneurial activity involving asphalt/bitumen, which had uses beyond paving. For example, asphalt could also used for flooring, damp proofing in buildings, and for waterproofing of various types of pools and baths, with these latter themselves proliferating in the 19th century. On the London stockmarket, there were various claims as to the exclusivity of asphalt quality from France, Germany and England. And numerous patents were granted in France, with similar numbers of patent applications being denied in England due to their similarity to each other. In England, "Claridge's was the type most used in the 1840s and 50s" <EOP> <BOQ> For what reason was asphalt used in the flooring of buildings? <EOQ>	For what reason was asphalt used in the flooring of buildings?	<BOL> damp proofing <EOL>
<BOP> Kerry received his second Purple Heart for a wound received in action on the Bồ Đề River on February 20, 1969. The plan had been for the Swift boats to be accompanied by support helicopters. On the way up the Bo De, however, the helicopters were attacked. As the Swift boats reached the Cửa Lớn River, Kerry's boat was hit by a B-40 rocket (rocket propelled grenade round), and a piece of shrapnel hit Kerry's left leg, wounding him. Thereafter, enemy fire ceased and his boat reached the Gulf of Thailand safely. Kerry continues to have shrapnel embedded in his left thigh because the doctors that first treated him decided to remove the damaged tissue and close the wound with sutures rather than make a wide opening to remove the shrapnel. Though wounded like several others earlier that day, Kerry did not lose any time off from duty. <EOP> <BOQ> Where did Kerry earn his 2nd Purple Heart? <EOQ>	Where did Kerry earn his 2nd Purple Heart?	<BOL> on the Bồ Đề River <EOL>
<BOP> The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. It has been proposed that the reduced exposure to bacteria and viruses is due, in part, to increased cleanliness and decreased family size in modern societies. Exposure to bacterial endotoxin in early childhood may prevent the development of asthma, but exposure at an older age may provoke bronchoconstriction. Evidence supporting the hygiene hypothesis includes lower rates of asthma on farms and in households with pets. <EOP> <BOQ> What is some of the evidence backing the hygiene hypothesis? <EOQ>	What is some of the evidence backing the hygiene hypothesis?	<BOL> lower rates of asthma on farms and in households with pets. <EOL>
<BOP> In Prussia, some officials considered a war against France both inevitable and necessary to arouse German nationalism in those states that would allow the unification of a great German empire. This aim was epitomized by Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck's later statement: "I did not doubt that a Franco-German war must take place before the construction of a United Germany could be realised." Bismarck also knew that France should be the aggressor in the conflict to bring the southern German states to side with Prussia, hence giving Germans numerical superiority. Many Germans also viewed the French as the traditional destabilizer of Europe, and sought to weaken France to prevent further breaches of the peace. <EOP> <BOQ> Who had no doubts that a Franco-German war was totally necessary? <EOQ>	Who had no doubts that a Franco-German war was totally necessary?	<BOL> Chancellor Otto von Bismarck <EOL>
<BOP> Modern Ottoman studies think that the change in relations between the Ottoman Turks and central Europe was caused by the opening of the new sea routes. It is possible to see the decline in the significance of the land routes to the East as Western Europe opened the ocean routes that bypassed the Middle East and Mediterranean as parallel to the decline of the Ottoman Empire itself. The Anglo-Ottoman Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Balta Liman that opened the Ottoman markets directly to English and French competitors, would be seen as one of the staging posts along this development. <EOP> <BOQ> The formation of sea routes bypassing the Middle East may have led to the decline of what? <EOQ>	The formation of sea routes bypassing the Middle East may have led to the decline of what?	<BOL> the Ottoman Empire itself <EOL>
<BOP> The U.S. military has proposed building a new aircraft carrier berth on Guam and moving 8,600 Marines, and 9,000 of their dependents, to Guam from Okinawa, Japan. Including the required construction workers, this buildup would increase Guam's population by 45%. In a February 2010 letter, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sharply criticized these plans because of a water shortfall, sewage problems and the impact on coral reefs. By 2012, these plans had been cut to only have a maximum of 4,800 Marines stationed on the island, two thirds of which would be there on a rotational basis without their dependents. <EOP> <BOQ> How many Marines would the United States move to Guam? <EOQ>	How many Marines would the United States move to Guam?	<BOL> 8,600 Marines <EOL>
<BOP> An early formal system of temporal logic was studied by Avicenna. Although he did not develop a real theory of temporal propositions, he did study the relationship between temporalis and the implication. Avicenna's work was further developed by Najm al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī al-Kātibī and became the dominant system of Islamic logic until modern times. Avicennian logic also influenced several early European logicians such as Albertus Magnus and William of Ockham. Avicenna endorsed the law of noncontradiction proposed by Aristotle, that a fact could not be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense of the terminology used. He stated, "Anyone who denies the law of noncontradiction should be beaten and burned until he admits that to be beaten is not the same as not to be beaten, and to be burned is not the same as not to be burned." <EOP> <BOQ> What became the dominant system of Islamic logic? <EOQ>	What became the dominant system of Islamic logic?	<BOL> Avicennian logic <EOL>
<BOP> Infrared vibrational spectroscopy (see also near-infrared spectroscopy) is a technique that can be used to identify molecules by analysis of their constituent bonds. Each chemical bond in a molecule vibrates at a frequency characteristic of that bond. A group of atoms in a molecule (e.g., CH2) may have multiple modes of oscillation caused by the stretching and bending motions of the group as a whole. If an oscillation leads to a change in dipole in the molecule then it will absorb a photon that has the same frequency. The vibrational frequencies of most molecules correspond to the frequencies of infrared light. Typically, the technique is used to study organic compounds using light radiation from 4000–400 cm−1, the mid-infrared. A spectrum of all the frequencies of absorption in a sample is recorded. This can be used to gain information about the sample composition in terms of chemical groups present and also its purity (for example, a wet sample will show a broad O-H absorption around 3200 cm−1). <EOP> <BOQ> What is the term for light radiation in the 4000–400 cm−1 spectrum? <EOQ>	What is the term for light radiation in the 4000–400 cm−1 spectrum?	<BOL> the mid-infrared <EOL>
<BOP> Humans would also have derived enormous benefit from the dogs associated with their camps. For instance, dogs would have improved sanitation by cleaning up food scraps. Dogs may have provided warmth, as referred to in the Australian Aboriginal expression "three dog night" (an exceptionally cold night), and they would have alerted the camp to the presence of predators or strangers, using their acute hearing to provide an early warning. <EOP> <BOQ> What did dogs clean up to help with keeping habitations of people clean? <EOQ>	What did dogs clean up to help with keeping habitations of people clean?	<BOL> food scraps. <EOL>
Given the detailed context: 'Sophia Turkiewicz is an Australian film and television director known for her film "Silver City". "Silver City", which Turkiewicz began during a six-month stay in Poland, was released internationally and won 3 AFI awards. Turkiewicz has also spent six years as a lecturer in the directing department of the Australian Film, Television and Radio School before leaving to direct "Once My Mother".', judge whether the statement: <BOH> 'Silver City was released and won 3 Television and Radio School awards.' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral.	Silver City was released and won 3 Television and Radio School awards.	{<BOL> neutral </EOL>} The film won 3 AFI awards.
<BOP> From 1920 leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi began highly popular mass movements to campaign against the British Raj using largely peaceful methods. The Gandhi-led independence movement opposed the British rule using non-violent methods like non-cooperation, civil disobedience and economic resistance. However, revolutionary activities against the British rule took place throughout the Indian subcontinent and some others adopted a militant approach like the Indian National Army that sought to overthrow British rule by armed struggle. The Government of India Act 1935 was a major success in this regard. All these movements succeeded in bringing independence to the new dominions of India and Pakistan on 15 August 1947. <EOP> <BOQ> What action did the movements combine to produce? <EOQ>	What action did the movements combine to produce?	<BOL> Government of India Act 1935 <EOL>
<BOP> Most of Bermuda's black population trace some of their ancestry to Native Americans, although awareness of this is largely limited to St David's Islanders and most who have such ancestry are unaware of it. During the colonial period, hundreds of Native Americans were shipped to Bermuda. The best-known examples were the Algonquian peoples who were exiled from the southern New England colonies and sold into slavery in the 17th century, notably in the aftermaths of the Pequot and King Philip's wars. <EOP> <BOQ> Why was there a large population of Algonquian people in Bermuda? <EOQ>	Why was there a large population of Algonquian people in Bermuda?	<BOL> exiled from the southern New England colonies and sold into slavery <EOL>
Considering the context: <BOP> 'The Cars are an American rock band that emerged from the new wave scene in the late 1970s. The band originated in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1976, with singer, rhythm guitarist and songwriter Ric Ocasek, singer and bassist Benjamin Orr, lead guitarist Elliot Easton, keyboardist Greg Hawkes and drummer David Robinson.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Elliot Easton played in multiple bands in his career' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale.	Elliot Easton played in multiple bands in his career	{<BOL> entailment </EOL>} It is neither because it only tells us he was in the Cars. I'm not sure why the system thinks this is correct, it is odd. It clearly only mentions one band
<BOP> The USAF countered the MiG-15 by sending over three squadrons of its most capable fighter, the F-86 Sabre. These arrived in December 1950. The MiG was designed as a bomber interceptor. It had a very high service ceiling—50,000 feet (15,000 m) and carried very heavy weaponry: one 37 mm cannon and two 23 mm cannons. They were fast enough to dive past the fighter escort of P-80 Shooting Stars and F9F Panthers and could reach and destroy the U.S. heavy bombers. B-29 losses could not be avoided, and the Air Force was forced to switch from a daylight bombing campaign to the necessarily less accurate nighttime bombing of targets. The MiGs were countered by the F-86 Sabres. They had a ceiling of 42,000 feet (13,000 m) and were armed with six .50 caliber (12.7 mm) machine guns, which were range adjusted by radar gunsights. If coming in at higher altitude the advantage of engaging or not went to the MiG. Once in a level flight dogfight, both swept-wing designs attained comparable maximum speeds of around 660 mph (1,100 km/h). The MiG climbed faster, but the Sabre turned and dived better. <EOP> <BOQ> To mitigate the loses of the B-29, what did the US Air Force do? <EOQ>	To mitigate the loses of the B-29, what did the US Air Force do?	<BOL> switch from a daylight bombing campaign to the necessarily less accurate nighttime bombing <EOL>
<BOP> Some paleontologists suggest that animals appeared much earlier than the Cambrian explosion, possibly as early as 1 billion years ago. Trace fossils such as tracks and burrows found in the Tonian period indicate the presence of triploblastic worms, like metazoans, roughly as large (about 5 mm wide) and complex as earthworms. During the beginning of the Tonian period around 1 billion years ago, there was a decrease in Stromatolite diversity, which may indicate the appearance of grazing animals, since stromatolite diversity increased when grazing animals went extinct at the End Permian and End Ordovician extinction events, and decreased shortly after the grazer populations recovered. However the discovery that tracks very similar to these early trace fossils are produced today by the giant single-celled protist Gromia sphaerica casts doubt on their interpretation as evidence of early animal evolution. <EOP> <BOQ> Triploblastic worms were comparable in size to what other creatures? <EOQ>	Triploblastic worms were comparable in size to what other creatures?	<BOL> earthworms <EOL>
<BOP> A sound generated on any instrument produces many modes of vibration that occur simultaneously. A listener hears numerous frequencies at once. The vibration with the lowest frequency is called the fundamental frequency; the other frequencies are overtones. Harmonics are an important class of overtones with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental. Whether or not the higher frequencies are integer multiples, they are collectively called the partials, referring to the different parts that make up the total spectrum. <EOP> <BOQ> Harmonics are an important class of what? <EOQ>	Harmonics are an important class of what?	<BOL> overtones <EOL>
<BOP> Cambridge English Dictionary states that culture is, "the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time." Terror Management Theory posits that culture is a series of activities and worldviews that provide humans with the illusion of being individuals of value in a world meaning—raising themselves above the merely physical aspects of existence, in order to deny the animal insignificance and death that Homo Sapiens became aware of when they acquired a larger brain. <EOP> <BOQ> What did Homo Sapiens acquire that allowed them to become aware of Culture? <EOQ>	What did Homo Sapiens acquire that allowed them to become aware of Culture?	<BOL> larger brain <EOL>
With the premise: <BOP> 'Southpaw is a 2015 American sports drama film directed by Antoine Fuqua, written by Kurt Sutter and starring Jake Gyllenhaal, Forest Whitaker and Rachel McAdams. The film follows a boxer who sets out to get his life back on track after losing his wife in an accident and his young daughter to protective services. The film was released on July 24, 2015, by The Weinstein Company.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Gyllenhaal helped to direct Southpaw along with Fuqua.' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why.	Gyllenhaal helped to direct Southpaw along with Fuqua.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} We do not know if Gyllenhaal helped direct.
Examine the information in <BOP> 'The Legendary Majik Mijits is an album that was recorded by Steve Marriott and Ronnie Lane when they reformed under the name of "Majik Mijits" in 1981 and gave a one-off concert at the Bridgehouse pub in East London. The lineup included Jim Leverton, Mick Green, Mick Weaver, Dave Hynes and Sam Brown.' </EOP> Is the statement: <BOH> 'The concert had 10 performers.' </EOH> a contradiction, entailment, or neutral? Justify your conclusion.	The concert had 10 performers.	{<BOL> entailment </EOL>} The band has stayed together forever.
<BOP> The die is a negative image of the glass master: typically, several are made, depending on the number of pressing mills that are to make the CD. The die then goes into a press, and the physical image is transferred to the blank CD, leaving a final positive image on the disc. A small amount of lacquer is applied as a ring around the center of the disc, and rapid spinning spreads it evenly over the surface. Edge protection lacquer is applied before the disc is finished. The disc can then be printed and packed. <EOP> <BOQ> How is lacquer distrubted on a CD? <EOQ>	How is lacquer distrubted on a CD?	<BOL> rapid spinning <EOL>
Based on the details provided in: <BOP> 'Dave Ward, born 12 July 1959, is a British Trade Unionist and General Secretary of the Communication Workers’ Union (CWU), which was formed through the merger of the Union of Communication Workers and the National Communications Union in 1995. The CWU is the largest Trade Union in the United Kingdom for people working in the Postal and Telecommunications industry with over 200,000 members.' </EOP>, determine if the claim: <BOH> 'Dave Ward celebrated his 60th birthday in 2019.' </EOH> represents a contradiction, entailment, or neutral.	Dave Ward celebrated his 60th birthday in 2019.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} Dave was born in 1959, so he turned 60 this year.
<BOP> The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise returned 26% of the 1225 staff submitted as being world-leading (4) and a further 47% as being internationally excellent (3). The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise also showed five subjects – Pure Mathematics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Mechanical, Aeronautical and Manufacturing Engineering – were assessed to be the best[clarification needed] in terms of the proportion of internationally recognised research quality. <EOP> <BOQ> Which group assessed Imperial's staff members to determine their standing in relation to the rest of the world? <EOQ>	Which group assessed Imperial's staff members to determine their standing in relation to the rest of the world?	<BOL> Research Assessment Exercise <EOL>
<BOP> In several nations, rulers welcomed leaders of the Enlightenment at court and asked them to help design laws and programs to reform the system, typically to build stronger national states. These rulers are called "enlightened despots" by historians. They included Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Leopold II of Tuscany, and Joseph II of Austria. Joseph was over-enthusiastic, announcing so many reforms that had so little support that revolts broke out and his regime became a comedy of errors and nearly all his programs were reversed. Senior ministers Pombal in Portugal and Struensee in Denmark also governed according to Enlightenment ideals. In Poland, the model constitution of 1791 expressed Enlightenment ideals, but was in effect for only one year as the nation was partitioned among its neighbors. More enduring were the cultural achievements, which created a nationalist spirit in Poland. <EOP> <BOQ> In what country was the model constitution of 1791 in effect for only one year? <EOQ>	In what country was the model constitution of 1791 in effect for only one year?	<BOL> Poland <EOL>
<BOP> The remaining band members recorded "Independent Women Part I", which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2000 film, Charlie's Angels. It became their best-charting single, topping the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for eleven consecutive weeks. In early 2001, while Destiny's Child was completing their third album, Beyoncé landed a major role in the MTV made-for-television film, Carmen: A Hip Hopera, starring alongside American actor Mekhi Phifer. Set in Philadelphia, the film is a modern interpretation of the 19th century opera Carmen by French composer Georges Bizet. When the third album Survivor was released in May 2001, Luckett and Roberson filed a lawsuit claiming that the songs were aimed at them. The album debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 663,000 copies sold. The album spawned other number-one hits, "Bootylicious" and the title track, "Survivor", the latter of which earned the group a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. After releasing their holiday album 8 Days of Christmas in October 2001, the group announced a hiatus to further pursue solo careers. <EOP> <BOQ> What album caused a lawsuit to be filed in 2001? <EOQ>	What album caused a lawsuit to be filed in 2001?	<BOL> Survivor <EOL>
With the premise: <BOP> 'Mini-Golf Date<br>I invited my friend Jane to mini-golf with me, hopefully being a date. She accepted and I picked her up 3 o'clock sharp. She dressed for the occasion, stunning as always. We got to talking and laughing, as I rolled into the parking lot. We got out and got to playing, as I realized she'll have to be mine.' </EOP>, decide if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Jane played mini-golf with her date.' </EOH> leads to a contradiction, entailment, or neutral result. Explain why.	Jane played mini-golf with her date.	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} This was definitely a date and the two played mini-golf.
<BOP> Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is driven primarily by availability of food. It occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where birds are funnelled on to specific routes by natural barriers such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea. <EOP> <BOQ> Where does migration mainly occur? <EOQ>	Where does migration mainly occur?	<BOL> the northern hemisphere <EOL>
Given the premise: <BOP> 'Ron Hardy (8 May 1958 - 2 March 1992) was a Chicago DJ and producer of early house music. He is well known for playing records at the Muzic Box, a Chicago house music club. Decades after his death, he also is recognized for his edits and mixes of disco, soul music, funk and early house music.' </EOP>, evaluate whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Ron Hardy was born in May' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Explain your decision.	Ron Hardy was born in May	{<BOL> contradiction </EOL>} It is stated that Ron Hardy lived from (8 May 1958 - 2 March 1992). I simply stated Ron was born in May which is true but may have bee hard for the system because it doesn't really say that is what the date means
With the given context: <BOP> 'The Real Howard Spitz is a 1998 family comedy film directed by Vadim Jean, produced by Paul Brooks and written by Jurgen Wolff. Starring Kelsey Grammer, Amanda Donohoe and Genevieve Tessier, it is a Canadian and U.K co-production. A failed detective writer, Howard Spitz has hit rock bottom until an 8-year-old girl helps him write children's books.' </EOP>, analyze if the hypothesis: <BOH> 'An 8-year-old girl helps Howard Spitz write children's books about how he used to be at "rock bottom" although he is flourishing at the time they write the books.' </EOH> is best described as a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Justify your answer.	An 8-year-old girl helps Howard Spitz write children's books about how he used to be at "rock bottom" although he is flourishing at the time they write the books.	{<BOL> neutral </EOL>} He's not flourishing at the time they write the books, he's at rock bottom.
Considering the context: <BOP> 'Calendar » Leads Club - Thursday Co-Ed Luncheon August 30, 2012 from 11:30 a.m. - 12:45 p.m. Join us for our weekly business networking luncheon where you will meet other business owners working together to build their businesses. Our speakers will be Ken Frye of Ken Frye Artisan in Wood and Charlie Mitchell, Charlie the Electrician. Please contact Cheryl Ebner of Santa Barbara Virtual Assistants at 968-1282 with questions or to R.S.V.P.' </EOP>, determine whether the hypothesis: <BOH> 'Someone who is starting an independent plumbing business might be interested in this event' </EOH> is a contradiction, entailment, or neutral. Provide your rationale.	Someone who is starting an independent plumbing business might be interested in this event	{<BOL> neutral </EOL>} It's an event for small business owners. I think the system got it wrong because the statement requires an inference