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C195244886
|
Ancient history
|
https://doi.org/10.22459/pima.03.2007
|
aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history to the Early Middle Ages
|
Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago
|
[
{
"display_name": "Prehistory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204852536",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.94570345,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11756"
},
{
"display_name": "Archipelago",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204207459",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.92352474,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33837"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6060413,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Subject (documents)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777855551",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5771423,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.533425,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5008073,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46879727,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46167254,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40691355,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498"
}
] |
Since its publication in 1985, Peter Bellwood's Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago has been hailed as the sole authoritative work on the subject by the leading expert in the field. Now that work has been fully revised and includes a complete up-to-date summary of the archaeology of the region (and relevant neighboring areas of China and Oceania), as well as a
|
C195244886
|
Ancient history
|
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219669
|
aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history to the Early Middle Ages
|
Mapping the Origins and Expansion of the Indo-European Language Family
|
[
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"display_name": "Language family",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780566098",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.73387766,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25295"
},
{
"display_name": "Etymology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193427332",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62945104,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35245"
},
{
"display_name": "Slavic languages",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121894898",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6221724,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23526"
},
{
"display_name": "Celtic languages",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C102125574",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.51638895,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25293"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.514255,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.48745131,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.47492772,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Steppe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105895522",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47370192,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123991"
},
{
"display_name": "Indo-European languages",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4661594",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47130474,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19860"
},
{
"display_name": "Genealogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C53553401",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46281278,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307"
},
{
"display_name": "Pastoralism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17616946",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45401847,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056738"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4490229,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162"
},
{
"display_name": "Language contact",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C550607084",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4459786,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1410327"
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] |
There are two competing hypotheses for the origin of the Indo-European language family. The conventional view places the homeland in the Pontic steppes about 6000 years ago. An alternative hypothesis claims that the languages spread from Anatolia with the expansion of farming 8000 to 9500 years ago. We used Bayesian phylogeographic approaches, together with basic vocabulary data from 103 ancient and contemporary Indo-European languages, to explicitly model the expansion of the family and test these hypotheses. We found decisive support for an Anatolian origin over a steppe origin. Both the inferred timing and root location of the Indo-European language trees fit with an agricultural expansion from Anatolia beginning 8000 to 9500 years ago. These results highlight the critical role that phylogeographic inference can play in resolving debates about human prehistory.
|
C195244886
|
Ancient history
|
https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-0488
|
aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history to the Early Middle Ages
|
The fall of Rome and the end of civilization
|
[
{
"display_name": "Civilization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122302079",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7137096,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8432"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.49483913,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
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{
"display_name": "End of history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778935963",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.49370918,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13218530"
},
{
"display_name": "Dead end",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986709869",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47286057,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q398589"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43969166,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.33526966,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735"
}
] |
1. Did Rome Ever Fall? PART ONE: THE FALL OF ROME 2. The Horrors of War 3. The Road to Defeat 4. Living Under the New Masters PART TWO: THE END OF A CIVILIZATION 5. The Disappearance of Comfort 6. Why the Demise of Comfort? 7. The Death of a Civilization? 8. All for the Best in the Best of All Possible Worlds? Appendix: From Potsherds to People Chronology Notes Bibliography
|
C195244886
|
Ancient history
|
https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-1370
|
aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history to the Early Middle Ages
|
The language of the gods in the world of men: Sanskrit, culture, and power in premodern India
|
[
{
"display_name": "Sanskrit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29912816",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.932067,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11059"
},
{
"display_name": "Power (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163258240",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5616971,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5216706,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4569325,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242"
},
{
"display_name": "Sanskrit literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121766906",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45122284,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053936"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43166935,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.30633366,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735"
}
] |
List of Maps Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction Culture, Power, (Pre)modernity The Cosmopolitan in Theory and Practice The Vernacular in Theory and Practice Theory, Metatheory, Practice, Metapractice PART 1. THE SANSKRIT COSMOPOLIS Chapter 1. The Language of the Gods Enters the World 1.1 Precosmopolitan Sanskrit: Monopolization and Ritualization 1.2 From Resistance to Appropriation 1.3. Expanding the Prestige Economy of Sanskrit Chapter 2. Literature and the Cosmopolitan Language of Literature 2.1. From Liturgy to Literature 2.2. Literary Language as a Closed Set 2.3. The Final Theory of Literary Language: Bhoja's Poetics Chapter 3. The World Conquest and Regime of the Cosmopolitan Style 3.1. Inscribing Political Will in Sanskrit 3.2. The Semantics of Inscriptional Discourse: The Poetics of Power, Malava, 1141 3.3. The Pragmatics of Inscriptional Discourse: Making History, Kalyana, 1008 Chapter 4. Sanskrit Culture as Courtly Practice 4.1. Grammatical and Political Correctness: The Politics of Grammar 4.2. Grammatical and Political Correctness: Grammar Envy 4.3. Literature and Kingly Virtuosity Chapter 5. The Map of Sanskrit Knowledge and the Discourse on the Ways of Literature 5.1. The Geocultural Matrix of Sanskrit Knowledge 5.2. Poetry Man, Poetics Woman, and the Birth-Space of Literature 5.3. The Ways of Literature: Tradition, Method, and Stylistic Regions Chapter 6. Political Formations and Cultural Ethos 6.1. Production and Reproduction of Epic Space 6.2. Power and Culture in a Cosmos Chapter 7. A European Countercosmopolis 7.1. Latinitas 7.2. Imperium Romanum PART 2. THE VERNACULAR MILLENIUM Chapter 8. Beginnings, Textualization, Superposition 8.1. Literary Newness Enters the World 8.2. From Language to Text 8.3. There Is No Parthenogenesis in Culture Chapter 9. Creating a Regional World: The Case of Kannada 9.1. Vernacularization and Political Inscription 9.2. The Way of the King of Poets and the Places of Poetry 9.3. Localizing the Universal Political: Pampa Bharatam 9.4. A New Philology: From Norm-Bound Practice to Practice-Bound Norm Chapter 10. Vernacular Poetries and Polities in Southern Asia 10.1. The Cosmopolitan Vernacularization of South and Southeast Asia 10.2. Region and Reason 10.3. Vernacular Polities 10.4. Religion and Vernacularization Chapter 11. Europe Vernacularized 11.1. Literacy and Literature 11.2. Vernacular Anxiety 11.3. A New Cultural Politics Chapter 12. Comparative and Connective Vernacularization 12.1. European Particularism and Indian Difference 12.2. A Hard History of the Vernacular Millennium PART 3. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CULTURE AND POWER Chapter 13. Actually Existing Theory and Its Discontents 13.1. Natural Histories of Culture-Power 13.2. Primordialism, Linguism, Ethnicity, and Other Unwarranted Generalizations 13.3. Legitimation, Ideology, and Related Functionalisms Chapter 14. Indigenism and Other Culture-Power Concepts of Modernity 14.1. Civilizationalism, or Indigenism with Too Little History 14.2. Nationalism, or Indigenism with Too Much History Epilogue. From Cosmopolitan-or-Vernacular to Cosmopolitan-and-Vernacular Appendix A A.1 Bhoja's Theory of Literary Language (from the Srngaraprakasa) A. 2 Bhoja's Theory of Ornamentation (from the Sarasvatikanthabharana) A.3 Sripala's Bilpank Prasasti of King Jayasimha Siddharaja A.4 The Origins of Hemacandra's Grammar (from Prabhacandra's Prabhavakacarita) A.5 The Invention of Kavya (from Rjaekhara's Kavyamimamsa) Appendix B B.1 Approximate Dates of Principal Dynasties B.2 Names of Important Peoples and Places with Their Approximate Modern Equivalents or Locations Publication History Bibliography Index
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.464913
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Density-functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange
|
[
{
"display_name": "Thermochemistry",
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"level": 2,
"score": 0.89426,
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},
{
"display_name": "Density functional theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C152365726",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7582761,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048589"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.58932865,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Hybrid functional",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22693506",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.54754204,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3075290"
},
{
"display_name": "Ionization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198291218",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48319995,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382"
},
{
"display_name": "Orbital-free density functional theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104970782",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.46787784,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100054"
},
{
"display_name": "Spin density",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018272316",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44424266,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905186"
},
{
"display_name": "Proton",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54516573",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4435477,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44179624,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Local-density approximation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9249130",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.42284277,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898241"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3276505,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Computational chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147597530",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.31153384,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472"
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] |
Despite the remarkable thermochemical accuracy of Kohn–Sham density-functional theories with gradient corrections for exchange-correlation [see, for example, A. D. Becke, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 2155 (1992)], we believe that further improvements are unlikely unless exact-exchange information is considered. Arguments to support this view are presented, and a semiempirical exchange-correlation functional containing local-spin-density, gradient, and exact-exchange terms is tested on 56 atomization energies, 42 ionization potentials, 8 proton affinities, and 10 total atomic energies of first- and second-row systems. This functional performs significantly better than previous functionals with gradient corrections only, and fits experimental atomization energies with an impressively small average absolute deviation of 2.4 kcal/mol.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.37.785
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Development of the Colle-Salvetti correlation-energy formula into a functional of the electron density
|
[
{
"display_name": "Kinetic energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C135889238",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.72443604,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276"
},
{
"display_name": "Density matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56911000",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5722515,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831774"
},
{
"display_name": "Electronic correlation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35052450",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.54343903,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733663"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.50955725,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Energy (signal processing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C186370098",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46951386,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron density",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125485243",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4656542,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905186"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46330956,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Hartree–Fock method",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113630233",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43128803,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7879841"
},
{
"display_name": "Potential energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84551667",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41943917,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155640"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147120987",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.3718779,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.31633773,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944"
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] |
A correlation-energy formula due to Colle and Salvetti [Theor. Chim. Acta 37, 329 (1975)], in which the correlation energy density is expressed in terms of the electron density and a Laplacian of the second-order Hartree-Fock density matrix, is restated as a formula involving the density and local kinetic-energy density. On insertion of gradient expansions for the local kinetic-energy density, density-functional formulas for the correlation energy and correlation potential are then obtained. Through numerical calculations on a number of atoms, positive ions, and molecules, of both open- and closed-shell type, it is demonstrated that these formulas, like the original Colle-Salvetti formulas, give correlation energies within a few percent.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.136.b864
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas
|
[
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"score": 0.765786,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C186370098",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.66431403,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.61453927,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371"
},
{
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"level": 2,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008"
},
{
"display_name": "Fermi gas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C85867844",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5343325,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072904"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5049644,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147120987",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47635674,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4453995,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Combinatorics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114614502",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.37428623,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592"
}
] |
This paper deals with the ground state of an interacting electron gas in an external potential $v(\mathrm{r})$. It is proved that there exists a universal functional of the density, $F[n(\mathrm{r})]$, independent of $v(\mathrm{r})$, such that the expression $E\ensuremath{\equiv}\ensuremath{\int}v(\mathrm{r})n(\mathrm{r})d\mathrm{r}+F[n(\mathrm{r})]$ has as its minimum value the correct ground-state energy associated with $v(\mathrm{r})$. The functional $F[n(\mathrm{r})]$ is then discussed for two situations: (1) $n(\mathrm{r})={n}_{0}+\stackrel{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}{n}(\mathrm{r})$, $\frac{\stackrel{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}{n}}{{n}_{0}}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, and (2) $n(\mathrm{r})=\ensuremath{\phi}(\frac{\mathrm{r}}{{r}_{0}})$ with $\ensuremath{\phi}$ arbitrary and ${r}_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$. In both cases $F$ can be expressed entirely in terms of the correlation energy and linear and higher order electronic polarizabilities of a uniform electron gas. This approach also sheds some light on generalized Thomas-Fermi methods and their limitations. Some new extensions of these methods are presented.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.46.6671
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Local-density approximation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9249130",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51861477,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898241"
},
{
"display_name": "Curvature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195065555",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5104662,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881"
},
{
"display_name": "Spurious relationship",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C97256817",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4924725,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.47216958,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Electronic correlation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35052450",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4517566,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733663"
},
{
"display_name": "Range (aeronautics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204323151",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44255227,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424"
},
{
"display_name": "Density functional theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C152365726",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41932306,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048589"
},
{
"display_name": "Ionization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198291218",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41094628,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382"
},
{
"display_name": "Molecular physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41999313",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3454209,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.31970996,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944"
},
{
"display_name": "Molecule",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C32909587",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.31505114,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369"
}
] |
Generalized gradient approximations (GGA's) seek to improve upon the accuracy of the local-spin-density (LSD) approximation in electronic-structure calculations. Perdew and Wang have developed a GGA based on real-space cutoff of the spurious long-range components of the second-order gradient expansion for the exchange-correlation hole. We have found that this density functional performs well in numerical tests for a variety of systems: (1) Total energies of 30 atoms are highly accurate. (2) Ionization energies and electron affinities are improved in a statistical sense, although significant interconfigurational and interterm errors remain. (3) Accurate atomization energies are found for seven hydrocarbon molecules, with a rms error per bond of 0.1 eV, compared with 0.7 eV for the LSD approximation and 2.4 eV for the Hartree-Fock approximation. (4) For atoms and molecules, there is a cancellation of error between density functionals for exchange and correlation, which is most striking whenever the Hartree-Fock result is furthest from experiment. (5) The surprising LSD underestimation of the lattice constants of Li and Na by 3--4 % is corrected, and the magnetic ground state of solid Fe is restored. (6) The work function, surface energy (neglecting the long-range contribution), and curvature energy of a metallic surface are all slightly reduced in comparison with LSD. Taking account of the positive long-range contribution, we find surface and curvature energies in good agreement with experimental or exact values. Finally, a way is found to visualize and understand the nonlocality of exchange and correlation, its origins, and its physical effects.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.108.1175
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Theory of Superconductivity
|
[
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.7808249,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Superconductivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54101563",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.76324034,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124131"
},
{
"display_name": "Excited state",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C181500209",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6584357,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215328"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147120987",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62377197,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225"
},
{
"display_name": "Condensed matter physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26873012",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5937158,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781"
},
{
"display_name": "Ground state",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C69523127",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5389266,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008"
},
{
"display_name": "Coulomb",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9342510",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51649237,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25406"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5109979,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944"
},
{
"display_name": "BCS theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121282732",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.49826288,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722131"
},
{
"display_name": "Phonon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24169881",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48750708,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186608"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44778994,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
}
] |
A theory of superconductivity is presented, based on the fact that the interaction between electrons resulting from virtual exchange of phonons is attractive when the energy difference between the electrons states involved is less than the phonon energy, $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}$. It is favorable to form a superconducting phase when this attractive interaction dominates the repulsive screened Coulomb interaction. The normal phase is described by the Bloch individual-particle model. The ground state of a superconductor, formed from a linear combination of normal state configurations in which electrons are virtually excited in pairs of opposite spin and momentum, is lower in energy than the normal state by amount proportional to an average ${(\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega})}^{2}$, consistent with the isotope effect. A mutually orthogonal set of excited states in one-to-one correspondence with those of the normal phase is obtained by specifying occupation of certain Bloch states and by using the rest to form a linear combination of virtual pair configurations. The theory yields a second-order phase transition and a Meissner effect in the form suggested by Pippard. Calculated values of specific heats and penetration depths and their temperature variation are in good agreement with experiment. There is an energy gap for individual-particle excitations which decreases from about $3.5k{T}_{c}$ at $T=0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K to zero at ${T}_{c}$. Tables of matrix elements of single-particle operators between the excited-state superconducting wave functions, useful for perturbation expansions and calculations of transition probabilities, are given.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.448800
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
<i>Ab initio</i> effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for main group elements Na to Bi
|
[
{
"display_name": "Ab initio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781442258",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62037414,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46310"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6116085,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Valence (chemistry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168900304",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6058783,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407"
},
{
"display_name": "Wave function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113603373",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.60250247,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2362761"
},
{
"display_name": "Hartree–Fock method",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113630233",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.57278043,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7879841"
},
{
"display_name": "Basis set",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65956243",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5619943,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2664086"
},
{
"display_name": "Valence electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38649801",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5536797,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107414"
},
{
"display_name": "Ab initio quantum chemistry methods",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C183971685",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51486313,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q547605"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.48514876,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Core electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36678784",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47877467,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3587637"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.38787374,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147120987",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.38595423,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225"
}
] |
A consistent set of ab initio effective core potentials (ECP) has been generated for the main group elements from Na to Bi using the procedure originally developed by Kahn. The ECP's are derived from all‐electron numerical Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions and fit to analytical representations for use in molecular calculations. For Rb to Bi the ECP's are generated from the relativistic Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions of Cowan which incorporate the Darwin and mass–velocity terms. Energy‐optimized valence basis sets of (3s3p) primitive Gaussians are presented for use with the ECP's. Comparisons between all‐electron and valence‐electron ECP calculations are presented for NaF, NaCl, Cl2, Cl2−, Br2, Br2−, and Xe2+. The results show that the average errors introduced by the ECP's are generally only a few percent.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.19660150224
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Optical Properties and Electronic Structure of Amorphous Germanium
|
[
{
"display_name": "Absorption edge",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50792271",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.62415415,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332846"
},
{
"display_name": "Photon energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778785133",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.56218517,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25303639"
},
{
"display_name": "Exciton",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17729963",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5255826,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858289"
},
{
"display_name": "Germanium",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C550623735",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5205339,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867"
},
{
"display_name": "Absorption (acoustics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125287762",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5132877,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948"
},
{
"display_name": "Materials science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192562407",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.48283488,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4623891,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Valence (chemistry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168900304",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44735914,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407"
},
{
"display_name": "Amorphous solid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56052488",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4434606,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103382"
},
{
"display_name": "Electronic band structure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125469278",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42186138,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806380"
},
{
"display_name": "Molecular physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41999313",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35493797,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328"
},
{
"display_name": "Condensed matter physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26873012",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.34554964,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3342318,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Band gap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C181966813",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.32435244,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352"
}
] |
Abstract The optical constants of amorphous Ge are determined for the photon energies from 0.08 to 1.6 eV. From 0.08 to 0.5 eV, the absorption is due to k ‐conserving transitions of holes between the valence bands as in p‐type crystals; the spin‐orbit splitting is found to be 0.20 and 0.21 eV in non‐annealed, and annealed samples respectively. The effective masses of the holes in the three bands are 0.49 m (respectively 0.43 m ); 0.04 m , and 0.08 m . An absorption band is observed below the main absorption edge (at 300 °K the maximum of this band is at 0.86 eV); the absorption in this band increases with increasing temperature. This band is considered to be due to excitons bound to neutral acceptors, and these are presumably the same ones that play a decisive role in the transport properties and which are considered to be associated with vacancies. The absorption edge has the form: ω 2 ϵ 2 ∼(hω− E g ) 2 ( E g = 0.88 eV at 300 °K). This suggests that the optical transitions conserve energy but not k vector, and that the densities of states near the band extrema have the same energy‐dependence as in crystalline Ge. A simple theory describing this situation is proposed, and comparison of it with the experimental results leads to an estimate of the localization of the conduction‐band wavefunctions.
|
C184779094
|
Atomic physics
|
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07882-8
|
field of physics studying atoms
|
Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimer
|
[
{
"display_name": "Neon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C522602180",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.71699077,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654"
},
{
"display_name": "Double-slit experiment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55827270",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.67983955,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217785"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6295862,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Ionization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198291218",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6226532,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382"
},
{
"display_name": "Interference (communication)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C32022120",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6132809,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225"
},
{
"display_name": "Atomic physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184779094",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.60661316,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383"
},
{
"display_name": "Electron",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147120987",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5046741,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225"
},
{
"display_name": "Ion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145148216",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4747508,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496"
},
{
"display_name": "Field (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41997316,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109"
},
{
"display_name": "Momentum (technical analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C60718061",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41753748,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414747"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33066326,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944"
},
{
"display_name": "Quantum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84114770",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.32769457,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344"
}
] |
Wave-particle duality is an inherent peculiarity of the quantum world. The double-slit experiment has been frequently used for understanding different aspects of this fundamental concept. The occurrence of interference rests on the lack of which-way information and on the absence of decoherence mechanisms, which could scramble the wave fronts. Here, we report on the observation of two-center interference in the molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distribution upon ionization of the neon dimer by a strong laser field. Postselection of ions, which are measured in coincidence with electrons, allows choosing the symmetry of the residual ion, leading to observation of both, gerade and ungerade, types of interference.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236
|
academic discipline
|
Co-Integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing
|
[
{
"display_name": "Estimation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C96250715",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5247831,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330"
},
{
"display_name": "Representation (politics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776359362",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48901185,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43746346,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.43595287,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.38972118,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.34734792,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
}
] |
The relationship between co-integration and error correction models, first suggested in Granger (1981), is here extended and used to develop estimation procedures, tests, and empirical examples. If each element of a vector of time series x first achieves stationarity after differencing, but a linear combination a'x is already stationary, the time series x are said to be co-integrated with co-integrating vector a. There may be several such co-integrating vectors so that a becomes a matrix. Interpreting a'x,= 0 as a long run equilibrium, co-integration implies that deviations from equilibrium are stationary, with finite variance, even though the series themselves are nonstationary and have infinite variance. The paper presents a representation theorem based on Granger (1983), which connects the moving average, autoregressive, and error correction representations for co-integrated systems. A vector autoregression in differenced variables is incompatible with these representations. Estimation of these models is discussed and a simple but asymptotically efficient two-step estimator is proposed. Testing for co-integration combines the problems of unit root tests and tests with parameters unidentified under the null. Seven statistics are formulated and analyzed. The critical values of these statistics are calculated based on a Monte Carlo simulation. Using these critical values, the power properties of the tests are examined and one test procedure is recommended for application. In a series of examples it is found that consumption and income are co-integrated, wages and prices are not, short and long interest rates are, and nominal GNP is co-integrated with M2, but not M1, M3, or aggregate liquid assets.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/70.1.41
|
academic discipline
|
The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
|
[
{
"display_name": "Propensity score matching",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17923572",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.9440639,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.7280917,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119043178",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.72447217,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6658762,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Univariate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199163554",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5802408,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1681619"
},
{
"display_name": "Observational study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C23131810",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5757187,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574"
},
{
"display_name": "Multivariate statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161584116",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.55332214,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42405164,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Matching (statistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C165064840",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4158157,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061"
}
] |
The propensity score is the conditional probability of assignment to a particular treatment given a vector of observed covariates. Both large and small sample theory show that adjustment for the scalar propensity score is sufficient to remove bias due to all observed covariates. Applications include: (i) matched sampling on the univariate propensity score, which is a generalization of discriminant matching, (ii) multivariate adjustment by subclassification on the propensity score where the same subclasses are used to estimate treatment effects for all outcome variables and in all subpopulations, and (iii) visual representation of multivariate covariance adjustment by a two- dimensional plot.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1502.03167
|
academic discipline
|
Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift
|
[
{
"display_name": "Covariate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119043178",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.819994,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723"
},
{
"display_name": "Normalization (sociology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136886441",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8170587,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4676677,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Training (meteorology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777211547",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44531235,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42585146,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40763804,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39158314,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660"
}
] |
Training Deep Neural Networks is complicated by the fact that the distribution of each layer's inputs changes during training, as the parameters of the previous layers change. This slows down the training by requiring lower learning rates and careful parameter initialization, and makes it notoriously hard to train models with saturating nonlinearities. We refer to this phenomenon as internal covariate shift, and address the problem by normalizing layer inputs. Our method draws its strength from making normalization a part of the model architecture and performing the normalization for each training mini-batch. Batch Normalization allows us to use much higher learning rates and be less careful about initialization. It also acts as a regularizer, in some cases eliminating the need for Dropout. Applied to a state-of-the-art image classification model, Batch Normalization achieves the same accuracy with 14 times fewer training steps, and beats the original model by a significant margin. Using an ensemble of batch-normalized networks, we improve upon the best published result on ImageNet classification: reaching 4.9% top-5 validation error (and 4.8% test error), exceeding the accuracy of human raters.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
|
academic discipline
|
Specification Tests in Econometrics
|
[
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6946485,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.56194997,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134"
},
{
"display_name": "Specification",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C117222624",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4379336,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575010"
}
] |
Using the result that under the null hypothesis of no misspecification an asymptotically efficient estimator must have zero asymptotic covariance with its difference from a consistent but asymptotically inefficient estimator, specification tests are devised for a number of model specifications in econometrics. Local power is calculated for small departures from the null hypothesis. An instrumental variable test as well as tests for a time series cross section model and the simultaneous equation model are presented. An empirical model provides evidence that unobserved individual factors are present which are not orthogonal to the included right-hand-side variable in a common econometric specification of an individual wage equation.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/2288754
|
academic discipline
|
Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.48592773,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Random variable",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122123141",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46224925,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45784774,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3658533,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
}
] |
Part 1 Probability and Random Variables 1 The Meaning of Probability 2 The Axioms of Probability 3 Repeated Trials 4 The Concept of a Random Variable 5 Functions of One Random Variable 6 Two Random Variables 7 Sequences of Random Variables 8 Statistics Part 2 Stochastic Processes 9 General Concepts 10 Random Walk and Other Applications 11 Spectral Representation 12 Spectral Estimation 13 Mean Square Estimation 14 Entropy 15 Markov Chains 16 Markov Processes and Queueing Theory
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/1913610
|
academic discipline
|
A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix
|
[
{
"display_name": "Heteroscedasticity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C101104100",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6945139,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063540"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.66794324,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Positive-definite matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49712288",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.65937835,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77601250"
},
{
"display_name": "Simple (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586882",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6463011,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185142706",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.641634,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404"
},
{
"display_name": "Autocorrelation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5297727",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62879413,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.47358686,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Matrix (chemical analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106487976",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46701652,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45735353,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178650346",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4187097,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39964002,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
}
] |
This paper describes a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction. It also establishes consistency of the estimated covariance matrix under fairly general conditions.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04398.x
|
academic discipline
|
The Cross‐Section of Expected Stock Returns
|
[
{
"display_name": "Equity (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199728807",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.67338616,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.64479077,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5959698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134"
},
{
"display_name": "Financial economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106159729",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5510986,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553"
},
{
"display_name": "Earnings",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781426361",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5044552,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940"
},
{
"display_name": "Leverage (statistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153083717",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49631625,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263"
},
{
"display_name": "Stock market",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780299701",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45061883,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475000"
},
{
"display_name": "Stock (firearms)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204036174",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4408308,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909380"
},
{
"display_name": "Market size",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983069542",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43019223,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37654"
}
] |
ABSTRACT Two easily measured variables, size and book‐to‐market equity, combine to capture the cross‐sectional variation in average stock returns associated with market β , size, leverage, book‐to‐market equity, and earnings‐price ratios. Moreover, when the tests allow for variation in β that is unrelated to size, the relation between market β and average return is flat, even when β is the only explanatory variable.
|
C149782125
|
Econometrics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/2118477
|
academic discipline
|
A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth
|
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.8702438,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134"
},
{
"display_name": "Convergence (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777303404",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.64774466,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6435673,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687"
},
{
"display_name": "Growth model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983335520",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.61521655,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47537570"
},
{
"display_name": "Solow residual",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156436729",
"level": 5,
"score": 0.5724726,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156779"
},
{
"display_name": "Standard of living",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142077812",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5103316,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175850"
},
{
"display_name": "Constant (computer programming)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777027219",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4448594,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42117327,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42005423,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893"
},
{
"display_name": "Population growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77352025",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41652152,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191"
},
{
"display_name": "Growth accounting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107694188",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.4112591,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827032"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.40680122,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39585102,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680"
}
] |
This paper examines whether the Solow growth model is consistent with the international variation in the standard of living. It shows that an augmented Solow model that includes accumulation of human as well as physical capital provides an excellent description of the cross-country data. The paper also examines the implications of the Solow model for convergence in standards of living, that is, for whether poor countries tend to grow faster than rich countries. The evidence indicates that, holding population growth and capital accumulation constant, countries converge at about the rate the augmented Solow model predicts.
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2005.107.4.721
|
science of humanity
|
Anthropology in the Margins of the State
|
[
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.75904036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.57100844,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031"
},
{
"display_name": "Biological anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C117959457",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5404959,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27172"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.52371866,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3912992,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
}
] |
Anthropology in the Margins of the State . Veena Das and Deborah Poole, eds. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, 2004. 330 pp.
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01069.x
|
science of humanity
|
THE EMERGENCE OF MULTISPECIES ETHNOGRAPHY
|
[
{
"display_name": "Ethnography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179454799",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.79866767,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.49356043,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.48887104,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
}
] |
Anthropologists have been committed, at least since Franz Boas, to investigating relationships between nature and culture. At the dawn of the 21st century, this enduring interest was inflected with some new twists. An emergent cohort of "multispecies ethnographers" began to place a fresh emphasis on the subjectivity and agency of organisms whose lives are entangled with humans. Multispecies ethnography emerged at the intersection of three interdisciplinary strands of inquiry: environmental studies, science and technology studies (STS), and animal studies. Departing from classically ethnobiological subjects, useful plants and charismatic animals, multispecies ethnographers also brought understudied organisms—such as insects, fungi, and microbes—into anthropological conversations. Anthropologists gathered together at the Multispecies Salon, an art exhibit, where the boundaries of an emerging interdiscipline were probed amidst a collection of living organisms, artifacts from the biological sciences, and surprising biopolitical interventions.
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00013.x
|
science of humanity
|
Spatial autocorrelation in biology: 1. Methodology
|
[
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.60038126,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420"
},
{
"display_name": "Spatial analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159620131",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52259696,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43896908,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41768917,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150"
},
{
"display_name": "Library science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161191863",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40551174,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental ethics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95124753",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3411185,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3096884,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
}
] |
Journal Article Spatial autocorrelation in biology: 1. Methodology Get access ROBERT R. SOKAL, ROBERT R. SOKAL 1Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NEAL L. ODEN NEAL L. ODEN 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 10, Issue 2, June 1978, Pages 199–228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1978.tb00013.x Published: 14 January 2008 Article history Accepted: 01 October 1977 Published: 14 January 2008
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500001729
|
science of humanity
|
Poor Man, Rich Man, Big-man, Chief: Political Types in Melanesia and Polynesia
|
[
{
"display_name": "Chiefdom",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205285802",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.9425695,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642488"
},
{
"display_name": "New guinea",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017739461",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6812407,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40285"
},
{
"display_name": "Atoll",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C117480383",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6639963,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42523"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6056421,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5485811,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4828894,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4669923,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44304782,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35043073,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498"
}
] |
With an eye to their own life goals, the native peoples of Pacific Islands unwittingly present to anthropologists a generous scientific gift: an extended series of experiments in cultural adaptation and evolutionary development. They have compressed their institutions within the confines of infertile coral atolls, expanded them on volcanic islands, created with the means history gave them cultures adapted to the deserts of Australia, the mountains and warm coasts of New Guinea, the rain forests of the Solomon Islands. From the Australian Aborigines, whose hunting and gathering existence duplicates in outline the cultural life of the later Paleolithic, to the great chiefdoms of Hawaii, where society approached the formative levels of the old Fertile Crescent civilizations, almost every general phase in the progress of primitive culture is exemplified.
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1086/204378
|
science of humanity
|
The Primacy of the Ethical: Propositions for a Militant Anthropology
|
[
{
"display_name": "Militant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779808665",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.90158343,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010072"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethos",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776932993",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7735959,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484318"
},
{
"display_name": "Miller",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777496998",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.65536165,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536587"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179454799",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59817696,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151"
},
{
"display_name": "General partnership",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50829214,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164"
},
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Previous articleNext article No AccessObjectivity and Militancy: A DebateThe Primacy of the Ethical: Propositions for a Militant AnthropologyNancy Scheper-HughesNancy Scheper-Hughes Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Current Anthropology Volume 36, Number 3Jun., 1995 Sponsored by the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/204378 Views: 1016Total views on this site Citations: 573Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1995 The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological ResearchPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Kristine Bærøe, Angeliki Kerasidou, Michael Dunn, Inger Lise Teig Pursuing impact in research: towards an ethical approach, BMC Medical Ethics 23, no.11 (Apr 2022).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-022-00754-3Poonam Daryani, Leila Ensha, Mariah Frank, Lily Kofke, Francesca Maviglia, Alice M. 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King Critical Performativity in the Field: Methodological Principles for Activist Ethnographers, Organizational Research Methods 22, no.22 (Dec 2017): 564–589.https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428117744881Sandrine Gukelberger, Eva Gerharz, Vera Faust Hinsehen mit Verständnis, Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen 32, no.11 (Mar 2019): 3–5.https://doi.org/10.1515/fjsb-2019-0001Ömer Turan, Burak Özçetin Football fans and contentious politics: The role of Çarşı in the Gezi Park protests, International Review for the Sociology of Sport 54, no.22 (Apr 2017): 199–217.https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690217702944Pedro Figueiredo Neto Surreptitious ethnography: Following the paths of Angolan refugees and returnees in the Angola-Zambia borderlands, Ethnography 20, no.11 (Aug 2017): 128–145.https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138117724577Julia Schöneberg Imagining Postcolonial-Development Studies: Reflections on Positionalities and Research Practices, (Dec 2018): 97–116.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04052-9_5Ferdiansyah Thajib, Samia Dinkelaker, Thomas Stodulka Introduction: Affective Dimensions of Fieldwork and Ethnography, (Aug 2019): 7–20.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20831-8_2Marc Brightman, Vanessa Grotti The Ethics of Anthropology, (Jul 2019): 1–18.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76040-7_37-1Sarah Milne, Sango Mahanty Value and bureaucratic violence in the green economy, Geoforum 98 (Jan 2019): 133–143.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.11.003 Introduction, (Jan 2019): 1–26.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-001 The Rise of the Coca Unions, (Jan 2019): 27–57.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-002 The Lowest Rung of the Cocaine Trade, (Jan 2019): 58–83.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-003 Self-Governing in the Chapare, (Jan 2019): 84–108.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-004 From Class to Ethnicity, (Jan 2019): 109–127.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-005 Community Coca Control, (Jan 2019): 128–149.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-006 The Unions and Local Government, (Jan 2019): 150–172.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-007 The Coca Union’s Radio Station, (Jan 2019): 173–191.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-008 Conclusion, (Jan 2019): 192–201.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-009 Notes, (Jan 2019): 203–214.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-010 References, (Jan 2019): 215–248.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004332-011 An Ethnographer among the Anthropologists, (Jan 2019): 1–14.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-001 The World at Hand:, (Jan 2019): 15–43.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-002 A Method of Experience:, (Jan 2019): 44–76.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-003 For the Humanity Yet to Come:, (Jan 2019): 77–109.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-004 Notes, (Jan 2019): 127–140.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-005 Bibliography, (Jan 2019): 141–153.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004370-006 Introduction, (Jan 2019): 1–16.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-001 Colonial Anthropology and Its Alternatives, (Jan 2019): 17–37.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-002 Journeys toward Decolonizing, (Jan 2019): 38–58.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-003 Reflections on Fieldwork in New Jersey, (Jan 2019): 59–77.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-004 Undocumented Activist Theory and a Decolonial Methodology, (Jan 2019): 78–100.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-005 Undocumented Theater, (Jan 2019): 101–135.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-006 Conclusion, (Jan 2019): 136–148.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-007 Notes, (Jan 2019): 149–160.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-008 References, (Jan 2019): 161–177.https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478004547-009Lauren Morris MacLean, Elliot Posner, Susan Thomson, Elisabeth Jean Wood Research Ethics and Human Subjects: A Reflexive Openness Approach, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2019).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3332887Gabriel Dharmoo Anthropologies imaginaires, Anthropologie et Sociétés 43, no.11 (Jun 2019): 141–168.https://doi.org/10.7202/1060874arDvera I. Saxton, Alejandra Anguiniga, Marisol Carillo, Esperanza Galbadores, Anselma Garcia, Ivan Garcia, Viridiana Huerta, Rogelina López, Emily Wolff Reading They Leave Their Kidneys in the Fields with My Fresno State Students: The Children of Farmworkers Respond to an Ethnography about Their People and Community, Anthropology of Work Review 39, no.22 (Nov 2018): 124–128.https://doi.org/10.1111/awr.12152Claudio Morrison, Devi Sacchetto Research Ethics in an Unethical World: The Politics and Morality of Engaged Research, Work, Employment and Society 32, no.66 (Oct 2017): 1118–1129.https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017017726947Chandra Russo Solidarity in Practice, 49 (Nov 2018).https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108596237Sébastien Bachelet “Fighting against Clandestine Migration”: Sub-Saharan Migrants’ Political Agency and Uncertainty in Morocco, PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 41, no.22 (Dec 2018): 201–215.https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12265Anna Stetsenko Confronting Biological Reductionism From a Social Justice Agenda: Transformative Agency and Activist Stance, Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice 67, no.11 (Jul 2018): 44–63.https://doi.org/10.1177/2381336918787531Cheryl Mattingly, Jason Throop The Anthropology of Ethics and Morality, Annual Review of Anthropology 47, no.11 (Oct 2018): 475–492.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102317-050129Jared Sacks On Militancy, Self-reflection, and the Role of the Researcher, Politikon 45, no.33 (Sep 2018): 438–455.https://doi.org/10.1080/02589346.2018.1523349Heidi Mogstad, Lee-Shan Tse Decolonizing Anthropology, The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology 36, no.22 (Sep 2018): 53–72.https://doi.org/10.3167/cja.2018.360206Julius Bautista Uncomfortable pedagogy: experiential learning as an anthropological encounter in the Asia-Pacific, Pedagogies: An International Journal 13, no.33 (Dec 2017): 246–259.https://doi.org/10.1080/1554480X.2017.1409120Jennifer Manning Becoming a decolonial feminist ethnographer: Addressing the comple
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030294
|
science of humanity
|
Anthropology in the Clinic: The Problem of Cultural Competency and How to Fix It
|
[
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5566171,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159483092",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49069107,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779521"
},
{
"display_name": "Cultural anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C102690226",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47806337,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28598"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.41724458,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.38106593,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
}
] |
seen as homogenous or static.Anthropologists emphasize that culture
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.36-4846
|
science of humanity
|
Handbook of methods in cultural anthropology
|
[
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"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.73433423,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4822922,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecological anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31091802",
"level": 5,
"score": 0.4352221,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2984315"
},
{
"display_name": "Cultural anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C102690226",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4137235,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28598"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.35306805,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
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] |
chapter 1 I. Perspectives chapter 2 1. H. Russell Bernard, Introduction chapter 3 2. Tomas Schweizer, Epistemology: The Nature and Validation of Anthropological Knowledge chapter 4 3. Jeffrey C. Johnson, Research Design and Research Strategies chapter 5 4. Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban, Ethics chapter 6 5. Christine Ward Gailey, Feminist Methodologies chapter 7 II. Acquiring Information chapter 8 6. Kathleen M. DeWalt and Billie R. DeWalt, Participant Observation chapter 9 7. Allen Johnson and Ross Sackett, Direct Systematic Observation of Behavior chapter 10 8. Robert I. Levy and Douglas W. Hollan, Person-Centered Interviewing and Observation chapter 11 9. Susan C. Weller, Structured Interviewing and Questionnaire Construction chapter 12 10. Laura Graham and Brenda Farnell, Discourse-Centered Methods chapter 13 11. Caroline B. Bretell, Methods and Sources in Historical Anthropology chapter 14 12. Carol R. Ember and Melvin Ember, Cross-Cultural Research chapter 15 13. Ulf Hannerz, Transnational Research chapter 16 III. Intepreting Information chapter 17 14. H. Russell Bernard and Gery Ryan, Text Analysis: Qualitative and Quantitative Methods chapter 18 15. James Fernandez and Michael Herzfeld, In Search of Meaningful Methods chapter 19 16. W. Penn Handwerker and Stephen P. Borgatti, Reasoning with Numbers chapter 20 IV. Applying Anthropology chapter 21 17. Robert T. Trotter, II and Jean J. Schensul, Methods in Applied Anthropology chapter 22 18. Fadwa El-Guindi, From Pictorializing to Visual Anthropology chapter 23 19. Conrad Phillip Kottak, Presenting Anthropology to Diverse Audiences chapter 24 About the Authors chapter 25 Index
|
C19165224
|
Anthropology
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/00141844.2011.577230
|
science of humanity
|
Ordinary Ethics: Anthropology, Language and Action
|
[
{
"display_name": "Action (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6766635,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6348971,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5706753,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155662757",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5137707,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177304"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistic anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22833228",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47745517,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q772835"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.34028882,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162"
}
] |
This collection is the latest contribution to the steadily growing anthropological literature on morality and ethics.In common with much of this literature, many of the contributors draw inspiration from and seek to engage directly with philosophy, and thinkers frequently cited here include Kant, Aristotle, Arendt, Williams and MacIntyre.What makes this collection distinctive is its treatment of morality or ethics as 'ordinary', an aspect of the human condition and intrinsic to action and practice.In this spirit, Lambek's introduction directs us away from objectifying ethics as a universal category or a distinct kind of human practice, and distances the collection from attempts to define the 'anthropology of ethics' as a separate subfield.Instead, he calls for recognition of the ethical as a modality of everyday action or being in the world.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01
|
discipline of mathematics
|
Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using<b>lme4</b>
|
[
{
"display_name": "Restricted maximum likelihood",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61420037",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.85227036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316301"
},
{
"display_name": "Deviance (statistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177599991",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8236296,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3706279"
},
{
"display_name": "Mixed model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C16012445",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62478036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501135"
},
{
"display_name": "Smoothing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3770464",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5928418,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5896174,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Likelihood function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89106044",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5652657,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45284"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5637896,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Generalized linear model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41587187",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.56080073,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501882"
},
{
"display_name": "Linear model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163175372",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5183745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222"
},
{
"display_name": "Maximum likelihood",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49781872",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4974828,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555"
},
{
"display_name": "Generalized linear mixed model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153720581",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49665934,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532490"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119043178",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4778599,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4247533,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3727944,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical optimization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126255220",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36725032,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3670959,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
Maximum likelihood or restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimates of the parameters in linear mixed-effects models can be determined using the lmer function in the lme4 package for R. As for most model-fitting functions in R, the model is described in an lmer call by a formula, in this case including both fixed- and random-effects terms. The formula and data together determine a numerical representation of the model from which the profiled deviance or the profiled REML criterion can be evaluated as a function of some of the model parameters. The appropriate criterion is optimized, using one of the constrained optimization functions in R, to provide the parameter estimates. We describe the structure of the model, the steps in evaluating the profiled deviance or REML criterion, and the structure of classes or types that represents such a model. Sufficient detail is included to allow specialization of these structures by users who wish to write functions to fit specialized linear mixed models, such as models incorporating pedigrees or smoothing splines, that are not easily expressible in the formula language used by lmer.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344136
|
discipline of mathematics
|
Estimating the Dimension of a Model
|
[
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.90387803,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "A priori and a posteriori",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C75553542",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6292966,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5628728,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175"
},
{
"display_name": "Dimension (graph theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33676613",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5387941,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176"
},
{
"display_name": "Bayes factor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142291917",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.519438,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4165283"
},
{
"display_name": "Bayes' theorem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C207201462",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5171168,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.50632536,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Bayesian probability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107673813",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4729155,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42367807,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35279885,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
}
] |
The problem of selecting one of a number of models of different dimensions is treated by finding its Bayes solution, and evaluating the leading terms of its asymptotic expansion. These terms are a valid large-sample criterion beyond the Bayesian context, since they do not depend on the a priori distribution.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1998.0193
|
discipline of mathematics
|
The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis
|
[
{
"display_name": "Hilbert–Huang transform",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C25570617",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.9450866,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462"
},
{
"display_name": "Series (stratigraphy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143724316",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.71328026,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468"
},
{
"display_name": "Singular spectrum analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136272165",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.7013842,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048889"
},
{
"display_name": "Nonlinear system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158622935",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.60879666,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848"
},
{
"display_name": "Hilbert spectral analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C207659853",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5295119,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5761228"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.52553624,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Time series",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151406439",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50132346,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588"
},
{
"display_name": "Spectrum (functional analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156778621",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48898995,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748"
},
{
"display_name": "Spectral analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983668108",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4363898,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280453"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40294516,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistical physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121864883",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33421418,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916"
}
] |
A new method for analysing nonlinear and non-stationary data has been developed.The key part of the method is the 'empirical mode decomposition' method with which any complicated data set can be decomposed into a finite and often small number of 'intrinsic mode functions' that admit well-behaved Hilbert transforms.This decomposition method is adaptive, and, therefore, highly efficient.Since the decomposition is based on the local characteristic time scale of the data, it is applicable to nonlinear and non-stationary processes.With the Hilbert transform, the 'instrinic mode functions' yield instantaneous frequencies as functions of time that give sharp identifications of imbedded structures.The final presentation of the results is an energy-frequency-time distribution, designated as the Hilbert spectrum.In this method, the main conceptual innovations are the introduction of 'intrinsic mode functions' based on local properties of the signal, which makes the instantaneous frequency meaningful; and the introduction of the instantaneous frequencies for complicated data sets, which eliminate the need for spurious harmonics to represent nonlinear and non-stationary signals.Examples from the numerical results of the classical nonlinear equation systems and data representing natural phenomena are given to demonstrate the power of this new method.Classical nonlinear system data are especially interesting, for they serve to illustrate the roles played by the nonlinear and non-stationary effects in the energy-frequency-time distribution.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1963)020<0130:dnf>2.0.co;2
|
discipline of mathematics
|
Deterministic Nonperiodic Flow
|
[
{
"display_name": "Bounded function",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34388435",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.76376814,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362"
},
{
"display_name": "Dissipative system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99692599",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.720744,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q596577"
},
{
"display_name": "Ordinary differential equation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C51544822",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6307042,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465274"
},
{
"display_name": "Nonlinear system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158622935",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6232107,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848"
},
{
"display_name": "Flow (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38349280",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5691103,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290"
},
{
"display_name": "Simple (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586882",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47003052,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44196442,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42762312,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754"
},
{
"display_name": "Range (aeronautics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204323151",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42027518,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41888773,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.40473926,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Differential equation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78045399",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.33665386,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11214"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C57879066",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3100977,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217"
}
] |
Finite systems of deterministic ordinary nonlinear differential equations may be designed to represent forced dissipative hydrodynamic flow. Solutions of these equations can be identified with trajectories in phase space. For those systems with bounded solutions, it is found that nonperiodic solutions are ordinarily unstable with respect to small modifications, so that slightly differing initial states can evolve into considerably different states. Systems with bounded solutions are shown to possess bounded numerical solutions. A simple system representing cellular convection is solved numerically. All of the solutions are found to be unstable, and almost all of them are nonperiodic. The feasibility of very-long-range weather prediction is examined in the light of these results.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/73.1.13
|
discipline of mathematics
|
Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models
|
[
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.86556023,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Estimator",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185429906",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.76311743,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160"
},
{
"display_name": "Estimating equations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204016326",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6481317,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401384"
},
{
"display_name": "Generalized estimating equation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27403532",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.63137615,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532474"
},
{
"display_name": "Extension (predicate logic)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778029271",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62087303,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.58747125,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Generalized linear model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41587187",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58242494,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501882"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaussian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163716315",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.54908293,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177"
},
{
"display_name": "Independence (probability theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5437724,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303"
},
{
"display_name": "Class (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777212361",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4896527,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848"
},
{
"display_name": "Asymptotic distribution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65778772",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48297372,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12345341"
},
{
"display_name": "Simple (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586882",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46602723,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643"
},
{
"display_name": "Linear model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163175372",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4548874,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222"
},
{
"display_name": "Variance (accounting)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C196083921",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44980633,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43692634,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
},
{
"display_name": "Longitudinal data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020672099",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42945203,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354"
},
{
"display_name": "Linear regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48921125",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41878304,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030"
},
{
"display_name": "Quasi-likelihood",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91025261",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.41651386,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269460"
}
] |
This paper proposes an extension of generalized linear models to the analysis of longitudinal data. We introduce a class of estimating equations that give consistent estimates of the regression parameters and of their variance under mild assumptions about the time dependence. The estimating equations are derived without specifying the joint distribution of a subject's observations yet they reduce to the score equations for niultivariate Gaussian outcomes. Asymptotic theory is presented for the general class of estimators. Specific cases in which we assume independence, m-dependence and exchangeable correlation structures from each subject are discussed. Efficiency of the pioposecl estimators in two simple situations is considered. The approach is closely related to quasi-likelihood.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/1913610
|
discipline of mathematics
|
A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix
|
[
{
"display_name": "Heteroscedasticity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C101104100",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6945139,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063540"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.66794324,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Positive-definite matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49712288",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.65937835,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77601250"
},
{
"display_name": "Simple (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586882",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6463011,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185142706",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.641634,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404"
},
{
"display_name": "Autocorrelation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C5297727",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62879413,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.47358686,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Matrix (chemical analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106487976",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46701652,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45735353,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178650346",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4187097,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39964002,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483"
}
] |
This paper describes a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction. It also establishes consistency of the estimated covariance matrix under fairly general conditions.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2408420
|
discipline of mathematics
|
Canonical sampling through velocity rescaling
|
[
{
"display_name": "Thermostat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187819001",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8016016,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187665"
},
{
"display_name": "Sampling (signal processing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140779682",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6674447,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistical physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121864883",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6529594,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916"
},
{
"display_name": "Measure (data warehouse)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780009758",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.53830636,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172"
},
{
"display_name": "Constant (computer programming)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777027219",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52805454,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190"
},
{
"display_name": "Canonical ensemble",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28556851",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48491937,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077753"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44865745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42623344,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Molecular dynamics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59593255",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41100144,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.33698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
The authors present a new molecular dynamics algorithm for sampling the canonical distribution. In this approach the velocities of all the particles are rescaled by a properly chosen random factor. The algorithm is formally justified and it is shown that, in spite of its stochastic nature, a quantity can still be defined that remains constant during the evolution. In numerical applications this quantity can be used to measure the accuracy of the sampling. The authors illustrate the properties of this new method on Lennard-Jones and TIP4P water models in the solid and liquid phases. Its performance is excellent and largely independent of the thermostat parameter also with regard to the dynamic properties.
|
C28826006
|
Applied mathematics
|
https://doi.org/10.3386/t0055
|
discipline of mathematics
|
A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and AutocorrelationConsistent Covariance Matrix
|
[
{
"display_name": "Positive-definite matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49712288",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.76539814,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77601250"
},
{
"display_name": "Simple (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586882",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.70905435,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6271207,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance matrix",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185142706",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62181455,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404"
},
{
"display_name": "Heteroscedasticity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C101104100",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58896834,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063540"
},
{
"display_name": "Applied mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C28826006",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4807015,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521"
},
{
"display_name": "Matrix (chemical analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106487976",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4700013,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816"
},
{
"display_name": "Covariance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178650346",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43113926,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984"
}
] |
This paper describes a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction. It also establishes consistency of the estimated covariance matrix under fairly general conditions.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype
|
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.8209139,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Comorbidity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779159551",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7207759,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874"
},
{
"display_name": "Concordance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160798450",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.62762475,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.62092984,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Cohort",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C72563966",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6122071,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415"
},
{
"display_name": "Grip strength",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777433710",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.54893583,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5609571"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48479787,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603"
},
{
"display_name": "Cohort study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201903717",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4693129,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788"
},
{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4423695,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42935717,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36767882,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3045361,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005"
}
] |
Background. Frailty is considered highly prevalent in old age and to confer high risk for falls, disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Frailty has been considered synonymous with disability, comorbidity, and other characteristics, but it is recognized that it may have a biologic basis and be a distinct clinical syndrome. A standardized definition has not yet been established.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.1159/000353441
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Special Care Units and Traditional Care in Dementia: Relationship with Behavior, Cognition, Functional Status and Quality of Life - A Review
|
[
{
"display_name": "Dementia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779483572",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.8980993,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030"
},
{
"display_name": "Residence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776269092",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6928005,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6471709,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing homes",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019398978",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5688956,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837142"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5648867,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52157515,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788"
},
{
"display_name": "Cognition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169900460",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48497415,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417"
},
{
"display_name": "Activities of daily living",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79544238",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48347265,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423243"
},
{
"display_name": "Health and Retirement Study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780176501",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45131493,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690755"
},
{
"display_name": "Cohort",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C72563966",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4470576,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415"
},
{
"display_name": "Longitudinal study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777895361",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4235831,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614"
},
{
"display_name": "Cohort study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201903717",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41192454,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788"
}
] |
Behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with dementia are common in nursing home residents. Quality indicators (QI) assessing quality of care for these residents are minimally risk adjusted and can provide inaccurate information regarding the quality of care provided by the facility.Evaluate the performance of a new QI for the incidence of worsening behaviors in nursing home residents with behavioral and psychological symptoms association with dementia.Retrospective cohort study.A total of 381 Minnesota nursing homes with 26,165 residents.Minimum Data Set records for the first 2 calendar quarters of 2008.We calculated incidence of worsening behaviors QI by comparing items from the "behavior" section of the Minimum Data Set records from 2 consecutive quarters and reported the incidence rates by both the residents' level of cognitive impairment and the presence or absence of special care unit for dementia (SCU).The incidence rates of the worsening behavior QI in SCU ranged from 14% in residents with very severe cognitive impairment (a cognitive performance score = 6) to 30% in those with moderate cognitive impairment (a cognitive performance score = 3). The incidence QI rates among residents residing in conventional unit ranged from 15% among those with very severe cognitive impairment to 20% among those with moderate cognitive impairment. These differences in QI rates between the 2 units were statistically significant with a P value = .001. After risk adjustment for level of cognitive impairment, number of facilities with SCUs that flagged for problem behaviors dropped from 18.4% to 12.4% and the number of conventional units in the low-risk category from 16.8% to 4.7%.Resident cognitive function and the facility utility of SCU are associated with worsening behavior QI and should be adjusted for in any nursing home quality reporting measure.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.1159/000430949
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Older Adults' Reasons for Using Technology while Aging in Place
|
[
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.71151036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Aging in place",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776294918",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6217493,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692582"
},
{
"display_name": "Thematic analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6025395,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5981772,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175"
},
{
"display_name": "Nonprobability sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100363876",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51135033,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690661"
},
{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5057514,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486"
},
{
"display_name": "Activities of daily living",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79544238",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49587592,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423243"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.47320694,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Independent living",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780700307",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4562742,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1373709"
},
{
"display_name": "Successful aging",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778175527",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43199766,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332154"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3419249,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
}
] |
Background: Most older adults prefer to age in place, and supporting older adults to remain in their own homes and communities is also favored by policy makers. Technology can play a role in staying independent, active and healthy. However, the use of technology varies considerably among older adults. Previous research indicates that current models of technology acceptance are missing essential predictors specific to community-dwelling older adults. Furthermore, in situ research within the specific context of aging in place is scarce, while this type of research is needed to better understand how and why community-dwelling older adults are using technology. Objective: To explore which factors influence the level of use of various types of technology by older adults who are aging in place and to describe these factors in a comprehensive model. Methods: A qualitative explorative field study was set up, involving home visits to 53 community-dwelling older adults, aged 68-95, living in the Netherlands. Purposive sampling was used to include participants with different health statuses, living arrangements, and levels of technology experience. During each home visit: (1) background information on the participants' chronic conditions, major life events, frailty, cognitive functioning, subjective health, ownership and use of technology was gathered, and (2) a semistructured interview was conducted regarding reasons for the level of use of technology. The study was designed to include various types of technology that could support activities of daily living, personal health or safety, mobility, communication, physical activity, personal development, and leisure activities. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze interview transcripts. Results: The level of technology use in the context of aging in place is influenced by six major themes: challenges in the domain of independent living; behavioral options; personal thoughts on technology use; influence of the social network; influence of organizations, and the role of the physical environment. Conclusion: Older adults' perceptions and use of technology are embedded in their personal, social, and physical context. Awareness of these psychological and contextual factors is needed in order to facilitate aging in place through the use of technology. A conceptual model covering these factors is presented.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging‐Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease
|
[
{
"display_name": "Dementia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779483572",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.7063384,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6606549,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136"
},
{
"display_name": "Alzheimer's disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C502032728",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.58291376,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081"
},
{
"display_name": "Association (psychology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142853389",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5364232,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.48294753,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4400528,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.425612,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.37881225,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
}
] |
The National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association charged a workgroup with the task of revising the 1984 criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The workgroup sought to ensure that the revised criteria would be flexible enough to be used by both general healthcare providers without access to neuropsychological testing, advanced imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid measures, and specialized investigators involved in research or in clinical trial studies who would have these tools available. We present criteria for all‐cause dementia and for AD dementia. We retained the general framework of probable AD dementia from the 1984 criteria. On the basis of the past 27 years of experience, we made several changes in the clinical criteria for the diagnosis. We also retained the term possible AD dementia, but redefined it in a manner more focused than before. Biomarker evidence was also integrated into the diagnostic formulations for probable and possible AD dementia for use in research settings. The core clinical criteria for AD dementia will continue to be the cornerstone of the diagnosis in clinical practice, but biomarker evidence is expected to enhance the pathophysiological specificity of the diagnosis of AD dementia. Much work lies ahead for validating the biomarker diagnosis of AD dementia.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Global Prevalence of Diabetes
|
[
{
"display_name": "Diabetes mellitus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C555293320",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8602147,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.84081256,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.74527,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5485736,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603"
},
{
"display_name": "Developing country",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83864248",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5360468,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.51456755,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5035865,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48604208,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603"
},
{
"display_name": "Prevalence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C186079640",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43312967,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719602"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.42908219,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Developed country",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160050368",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41716182,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453"
}
] |
OBJECTIVE—The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and the number of people of all ages with diabetes for years 2000 and 2030. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data on diabetes prevalence by age and sex from a limited number of countries were extrapolated to all 191 World Health Organization member states and applied to United Nations’ population estimates for 2000 and 2030. Urban and rural populations were considered separately for developing countries. RESULTS—The prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The prevalence of diabetes is higher in men than women, but there are more women with diabetes than men. The urban population in developing countries is projected to double between 2000 and 2030. The most important demographic change to diabetes prevalence across the world appears to be the increase in the proportion of people &gt;65 years of age. CONCLUSIONS—These findings indicate that the “diabetes epidemic” will continue even if levels of obesity remain constant. Given the increasing prevalence of obesity, it is likely that these figures provide an underestimate of future diabetes prevalence.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.1159/000437299
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Depression and Quality of Life in Older Persons: A Review
|
[
{
"display_name": "Depression (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776867660",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7197015,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6587158,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5444892,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805"
},
{
"display_name": "Late life depression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781357127",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.52398056,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438896"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4878428,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.48703414,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Depressive symptoms",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019858935",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4693433,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209"
},
{
"display_name": "Dementia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779483572",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43759748,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.40647033,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3742119,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867"
}
] |
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Depression is a prevalent and disabling condition in older persons (≥60 years) that increases the risk of mortality and negatively influences quality of life (QOL). The relationship between depression, or depressive symptoms, and QOL has been increasingly addressed by research in recent years, but a review that can contribute to a better understanding of this relationship in older persons is lacking. Against this background, we undertook a literature review to assess the relationship between depression and QOL in older persons. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Extensive electronic database searches revealed 953 studies. Of these, 74 studies fulfilled our criteria for inclusion, of which 52 were cross-sectional studies and 22 were longitudinal studies. Thirty-five studies were conducted in a clinical setting, while 39 were community-based epidemiological studies. A clear definition of the QOL concept was described in 25 studies, and 24 different assessment instruments were employed to assess QOL. Depressed older persons had poorer global and generic health-related QOL than nondepressed individuals. An increase in depression severity was associated with a poorer global and generic health-related QOL. The associations appeared to be stable over time and independent of how QOL was assessed. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> This review found a significant association between severity of depression and poorer QOL in older persons, and the association was found to be stable over time, regardless which assessment instruments for QOL were applied. The lack of a definition of the multidimensional and multilevel concept QOL was common, and the large variety of QOL instruments in various studies make a direct comparison between the studies difficult.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21254
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Cancer statistics, 2015
|
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.86727273,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121608353",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7045579,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.688638,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732"
},
{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5830209,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.57194126,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5521523,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer incidence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992704333",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5168248,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5382717"
},
{
"display_name": "Mortality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179755657",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4861157,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702"
},
{
"display_name": "Health statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2991697936",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47069478,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1252929"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780234812",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43354088,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787013"
},
{
"display_name": "Relative survival",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780558122",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.42328832,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310803"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40102994,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer registry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778527826",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.3237934,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787017"
}
] |
Abstract Each year the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the National Cancer Institute (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER] Program), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (National Program of Cancer Registries), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,658,370 new cancer cases and 589,430 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States in 2015. During the most recent 5 years for which there are data (2007‐2011), delay‐adjusted cancer incidence rates (13 oldest SEER registries) declined by 1.8% per year in men and were stable in women, while cancer death rates nationwide decreased by 1.8% per year in men and by 1.4% per year in women. The overall cancer death rate decreased from 215.1 (per 100,000 population) in 1991 to 168.7 in 2011, a total relative decline of 22%. However, the magnitude of the decline varied by state, and was generally lowest in the South (∼15%) and highest in the Northeast (≥20%). For example, there were declines of 25% to 30% in Maryland, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New York, and Delaware, which collectively averted 29,000 cancer deaths in 2011 as a result of this progress. Further gains can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65:5–29. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
|
C74909509
|
Gerontology
|
https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21208
|
study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
|
Cancer statistics, 2014
|
[
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.7828632,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.7138923,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121608353",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6813515,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078"
},
{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5394995,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857"
},
{
"display_name": "Health statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2991697936",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.52417606,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1252929"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5124848,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603"
},
{
"display_name": "Mortality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179755657",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50936615,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780234812",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41548538,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787013"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4102172,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387"
}
] |
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data were collected by the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,665,540 new cancer cases and 585,720 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States in 2014. During the most recent 5 years for which there are data (2006-2010), delay-adjusted cancer incidence rates declined slightly in men (by 0.6% per year) and were stable in women, while cancer death rates decreased by 1.8% per year in men and by 1.4% per year in women. The combined cancer death rate (deaths per 100,000 population) has been continuously declining for 2 decades, from a peak of 215.1 in 1991 to 171.8 in 2010. This 20% decline translates to the avoidance of approximately 1,340,400 cancer deaths (952,700 among men and 387,700 among women) during this time period. The magnitude of the decline in cancer death rates from 1991 to 2010 varies substantially by age, race, and sex, ranging from no decline among white women aged 80 years and older to a 55% decline among black men aged 40 years to 49 years. Notably, black men experienced the largest drop within every 10-year age group. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.18-0006
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition
|
[
{
"display_name": "Periodontitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780385504",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8323285,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520127"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6513388,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Grading (engineering)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777286243",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6224761,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.56576246,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.52768636,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Orthodontics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29694066",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33409917,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301"
}
] |
Authors were assigned the task to develop case definitions for periodontitis in the context of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. The aim of this manuscript is to review evidence and rationale for a revision of the current classification, to provide a framework for case definition that fully implicates state-of-the-art knowledge and can be adapted as new evidence emerges, and to suggest a case definition system that can be implemented in clinical practice, research and epidemiologic surveillance.Evidence gathered in four commissioned reviews was analyzed and interpreted with special emphasis to changes with regards to the understanding available prior to the 1999 classification. Authors analyzed case definition systems employed for a variety of chronic diseases and identified key criteria for a classification/case definition of periodontitis.The manuscript discusses the merits of a periodontitis case definition system based on Staging and Grading and proposes a case definition framework. Stage I to IV of periodontitis is defined based on severity (primarily periodontal breakdown with reference to root length and periodontitis-associated tooth loss), complexity of management (pocket depth, infrabony defects, furcation involvement, tooth hypermobility, masticatory dysfunction) and additionally described as extent (localized or generalized). Grade of periodontitis is estimated with direct or indirect evidence of progression rate in three categories: slow, moderate and rapid progression (Grade A-C). Risk factor analysis is used as grade modifier.The paper describes a simple matrix based on stage and grade to appropriately define periodontitis in an individual patient. The proposed case definition extends beyond description based on severity to include characterization of biological features of the disease and represents a first step towards adoption of precision medicine concepts to the management of periodontitis. It also provides the necessary framework for introduction of biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm199511303332201
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Effect of Oral Alendronate on Bone Mineral Density and the Incidence of Fractures in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
|
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.937062,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Bone mineral",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776886416",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.7723603,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567"
},
{
"display_name": "Osteoporosis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776541429",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.75310636,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328"
},
{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7221135,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857"
},
{
"display_name": "Placebo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27081682",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6169852,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829"
},
{
"display_name": "Dual energy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994545362",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.56173235,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.53951776,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Postmenopausal women",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018603563",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52405787,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177708"
},
{
"display_name": "Bone density",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779329777",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5007541,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401"
},
{
"display_name": "Postmenopausal osteoporosis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018571302",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.45451826,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328"
},
{
"display_name": "Urology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126894567",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.32604927,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650"
}
] |
We studied the effects of oral alendronate, an aminobisphosphonate, on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures and height loss in 994 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The women were treated with placebo or alendronate (5 or 10 mg daily for three years, or 20 mg for two years followed by 5 mg for one year); all the women received 500 mg of calcium daily. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The occurrence of new vertebral fractures and the progression of vertebral deformities were determined by an analysis of digitized radiographs, and loss of height was determined by sequential height measurements.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.17-0721
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions
|
[
{
"display_name": "Workgroup",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95423123",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8773495,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622178"
},
{
"display_name": "Periodontitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780385504",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.66264147,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520127"
},
{
"display_name": "Peri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778374610",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.57453233,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1542990"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5744244,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.556465,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Peri-implantitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780802913",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4874077,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601168"
},
{
"display_name": "Consensus conference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017605391",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46382394,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1021509"
},
{
"display_name": "Implant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781411149",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.3799334,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486975"
}
] |
A new periodontitis classification scheme has been adopted, in which forms of the disease previously recognized as "chronic" or "aggressive" are now grouped under a single category ("periodontitis") and are further characterized based on a multi-dimensional staging and grading system. Staging is largely dependent upon the severity of disease at presentation as well as on the complexity of disease management, while grading provides supplemental information about biological features of the disease including a history-based analysis of the rate of periodontitis progression; assessment of the risk for further progression; analysis of possible poor outcomes of treatment; and assessment of the risk that the disease or its treatment may negatively affect the general health of the patient. Necrotizing periodontal diseases, whose characteristic clinical phenotype includes typical features (papilla necrosis, bleeding, and pain) and are associated with host immune response impairments, remain a distinct periodontitis category. Endodontic-periodontal lesions, defined by a pathological communication between the pulpal and periodontal tissues at a given tooth, occur in either an acute or a chronic form, and are classified according to signs and symptoms that have direct impact on their prognosis and treatment. Periodontal abscesses are defined as acute lesions characterized by localized accumulation of pus within the gingival wall of the periodontal pocket/sulcus, rapid tissue destruction and are associated with risk for systemic dissemination.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1159/000448662
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Occlusal Caries: Biological Approach for Its Diagnosis and Management
|
[
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.7544015,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Carious lesion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909948168",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6759875,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133772"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6464661,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188126409",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.60323995,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641973"
},
{
"display_name": "Biofilm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58123911",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.54019535,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779263046",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52724046,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189637"
},
{
"display_name": "Permanent dentition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019236786",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4317805,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1094885"
},
{
"display_name": "Orthodontics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29694066",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41111228,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301"
}
] |
To follow-up teeth with deep caries lesions submitted to incomplete caries removal over a 10-year period.27 subjects (32 permanent posterior teeth) with deep caries lesions composed the sample. In this single-arm long-term prospective study, the inclusion criteria were risk of pulp exposure during caries excavation, positive response to the cold test, absence of spontaneous pain or sensitivity during percussion, and radiographic absence of a periapical lesion. Subjects were submitted to the following procedures: complete caries removal from the surrounding cavity walls, incomplete caries removal from the pulpal wall, capping with a calcium hydroxide cement, and sealing with a modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement. After 6-7 months, the temporary sealing was removed for methodological purposes (no further excavation was performed), and teeth were capped with a calcium hydroxide cement and filled with resin composite. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted after 6-7 months, 1.5, 3, 5 and 10 years. Success was defined as clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms of pulp sensitivity while failure was defined as endodontic treatment need.Over 10 years, one tooth was excluded from the sample (pulp exposure during treatment), five were lost to recall, 10 had therapy failure (five fractures and four necroses leading to endodontic treatment need, and one extraction) and 16 had therapy success (pulp sensitivity). Overall survival rates were 97%, 90%, 82% and 63% at 1.5-, 3-, 5- and 10-year follow-ups, respectively. Teeth with two or more restored surfaces failed significantly more than teeth with one restored surface (P= 0.01).
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjs071
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Contemporary Orthodontics (2012)
|
[
{
"display_name": "Orthodontics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29694066",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.68430257,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5193559,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.46496752,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
}
] |
Editors: William R. Proffit, Henry W. Fields Jr., and David M. Sarver. Publisher: Mosby Price: £96.99 ISBN: 032308317X Number of pages: 768
As has become customary for all of the previous editions, this book represents a valuable teaching resource for all students interested in orthodontics. The previous editions have needed no real introduction, and this edition also adds to the reputation of the authors. It consists of 19 chapters over 724 pages (excluding the index). A major step forward is the availability of the book and images on the internet. This is a major development for which the …
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa022436
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
The Effects of Strontium Ranelate on the Risk of Vertebral Fracture in Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
|
[
{
"display_name": "Strontium ranelate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776594446",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.99069536,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419215"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.8885219,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Osteoporosis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776541429",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.72253865,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328"
},
{
"display_name": "Bone mineral",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776886416",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6407076,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567"
},
{
"display_name": "Bone resorption",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C673006",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52007097,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941581"
},
{
"display_name": "Relative risk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82789193",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.49848223,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611"
},
{
"display_name": "Femoral neck",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775854910",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47821328,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4844892"
},
{
"display_name": "Placebo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27081682",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.46265274,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45541123,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Bone density",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779329777",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43720064,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401"
},
{
"display_name": "Urology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126894567",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41334695,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40572372,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.32022044,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180"
}
] |
Osteoporotic structural damage and bone fragility result from reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. In a phase 2 clinical trial, strontium ranelate, an orally active drug that dissociates bone remodeling by increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption, has been shown to reduce the risk of vertebral fractures and to increase bone mineral density.To evaluate the efficacy of strontium ranelate in preventing vertebral fractures in a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 1649 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (low bone mineral density) and at least one vertebral fracture to receive 2 g of oral strontium ranelate per day or placebo for three years. We gave calcium and vitamin D supplements to both groups before and during the study. Vertebral radiographs were obtained annually, and measurements of bone mineral density were performed every six months.New vertebral fractures occurred in fewer patients in the strontium ranelate group than in the placebo group, with a risk reduction of 49 percent in the first year of treatment and 41 percent during the three-year study period (relative risk, 0.59; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.48 to 0.73). Strontium ranelate increased bone mineral density at month 36 by 14.4 percent at the lumbar spine and 8.3 percent at the femoral neck (P<0.001 for both comparisons). There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidence of serious adverse events.Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with strontium ranelate leads to early and sustained reductions in the risk of vertebral fractures.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01283.x
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
Peri‐implant diseases: Consensus Report of the Sixth European Workshop on Periodontology
|
[
{
"display_name": "Mucositis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778496288",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.9421178,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6931269"
},
{
"display_name": "Peri-implantitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780802913",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.92464745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601168"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.8286935,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Periodontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144374066",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7179794,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938196"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.63077664,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Periodontitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780385504",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6302834,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520127"
},
{
"display_name": "Implant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781411149",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58124137,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486975"
},
{
"display_name": "Debridement (dental)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777438270",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5086049,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5248564"
},
{
"display_name": "Bleeding on probing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777968807",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4596147,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4925923"
},
{
"display_name": "Implant failure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778614594",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4291789,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17055904"
},
{
"display_name": "Oral hygiene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C515851188",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42570153,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13445028"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.32242036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821"
}
] |
Abstract Issues related to peri‐implant disease were discussed. It was observed that the most common lesions that occur, i.e. peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis are caused by bacteria. While the lesion of peri‐implant mucositis resides in the soft tissues, peri‐implantitis also affects the supporting bone. Peri‐implant mucositis occurs in about 80% of subjects (50% of sites) restored with implants, and peri‐implantitis in between 28% and 56% of subjects (12–40% of sites). A number of risk indicators were identified including (i) poor oral hygiene, (ii) a history of periodontitis, (iii) diabetes and (iv) smoking. It was concluded that the treatment of peri‐implant disease must include anti‐infective measures. With respect to peri‐implant mucositis, it appeared that non‐surgical mechanical therapy caused the reduction in inflammation (bleeding on probing) but also that the adjunctive use of antimicrobial mouthrinses had a positive effect. It was agreed that the outcome of non‐surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis was unpredictable. The primary objective of surgical treatment in peri‐implantitis is to get access to the implant surface for debridement and decontamination in order to achieve resolution of the inflammatory lesion. There was limited evidence that such treatment with the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics could resolve a number of peri‐implantitis lesions. There was no evidence that so‐called regenerative procedures had additional beneficial effects on treatment outcome.
|
C199343813
|
Dentistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12935
|
branch of medicine dealing with oral health and teeth
|
A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions – Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification
|
[
{
"display_name": "Periodontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144374066",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.9135808,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938196"
},
{
"display_name": "Classification scheme",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C13460635",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6680052,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85753676"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5925457,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199343813",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.49039412,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128"
},
{
"display_name": "Workgroup",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95423123",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48944035,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622178"
},
{
"display_name": "Consensus conference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017605391",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4525123,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1021509"
},
{
"display_name": "Peri-implantitis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780802913",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43041667,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601168"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19527891",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33029336,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908"
}
] |
Abstract A classification scheme for periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions is necessary for clinicians to properly diagnose and treat patients as well as for scientists to investigate etiology, pathogenesis, natural history, and treatment of the diseases and conditions. This paper summarizes the proceedings of the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases and Conditions. The workshop was co‐sponsored by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) and included expert participants from all over the world. Planning for the conference, which was held in Chicago on November 9 to 11, 2017, began in early 2015. An organizing committee from the AAP and EFP commissioned 19 review papers and four consensus reports covering relevant areas in periodontology and implant dentistry. The authors were charged with updating the 1999 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions and developing a similar scheme for peri‐implant diseases and conditions. Reviewers and workgroups were also asked to establish pertinent case definitions and to provide diagnostic criteria to aid clinicians in the use of the new classification. All findings and recommendations of the workshop were agreed to by consensus. This introductory paper presents an overview for the new classification of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions, along with a condensed scheme for each of four workgroup sections, but readers are directed to the pertinent consensus reports and review papers for a thorough discussion of the rationale, criteria, and interpretation of the proposed classification. Changes to the 1999 classification are highlighted and discussed. Although the intent of the workshop was to base classification on the strongest available scientific evidence, lower level evidence and expert opinion were inevitably used whenever sufficient research data were unavailable. The scope of this workshop was to align and update the classification scheme to the current understanding of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions. This introductory overview presents the schematic tables for the new classification of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases and conditions and briefly highlights changes made to the 1999 classification. It cannot present the wealth of information included in the reviews, case definition papers, and consensus reports that has guided the development of the new classification, and reference to the consensus and case definition papers is necessary to provide a thorough understanding of its use for either case management or scientific investigation. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the reader use this overview as an introduction to these subjects. Accessing this publication online will allow the reader to use the links in this overview and the tables to view the source papers (Table ).
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1201/b10158
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Trace Elements in Soils and Plants
|
[
{
"display_name": "TRACE (psycholinguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C75291252",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8134589,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756"
},
{
"display_name": "Soil water",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159750122",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6254082,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.49166447,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45430407,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Earth science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1965285",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35450837,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8008"
}
] |
Chapter 1 The Biosphere Chapter 2 The Anthroposphere Introduction Air Pollution Water Pollution Soil Plants Chapter 3 Soils and Soil Processes Introduction Weathering Processes Pedogenic Processes Chapter 4 Soil Constituents Introduction Trace Elements Minerals Organic Matter Organisms in Soils Chapter 5 Trace Elements in Plants Introduction Absorption Translocation Availability Essentiality and Deficiency Toxicity and Tolerance Speciation Interaction Chapter 6 Elements of Group 1 (Previously Group Ia) Introduction Lithium Rubidium Cesium Chapter 7 Elements of Group 2 (Previously Group IIa) Beryllium Strontium Barium Radium Chapter 8 Elements of Group 3 (Previously Group IIIb) Scandium Yttrium Lanthanides Actinides Chapter 9 Elements of Group 4 (Previously Group IVb) Titanium Zirconium Hafnium Chapter 10 Elements of Group 5 (Previously Group Vb) Vanadium Niobium Tantalum Chapter 11 Elements of Group 6 (Previously Group VIb) Chromium Molybdenum Tungsten Chapter 12 Elements of Group 7 (Previously Group VIIb) Manganese Technetium Rhenium Chapter 13 Elements of Group 8 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Iron Ruthenium Osmium Chapter 14 Elements of Group 9 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Cobalt Rhodium Iridium Chapter 15 Elements of Group 10 (Previously Part of Group VIII) Nickel Palladium Platinum Chapter 16 Elements of Group 11 (Previously Group Ib) Copper Silver Gold Chapter 17 Trace Elements of Group 12 (Previously of Group IIb) Zinc Cadmium Mercury Chapter 18 Elements of Group 13 (Previously Group IIIa) Boron Aluminum Gallium Indium Thallium Chapter 19 Elements of Group I4 (Previously Group IVa) Silicon Germanium Tin Lead Chapter 20 Elements of Group 15 (Previously Group Va) Arsenic Antimony Bismuth Chapter 21 Elements of Group 16 (Previously Group VIa) Selenium Tellurium Polonium Chapter 22 Elements of Group 17 (Previously Group VIIa) Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1021/es011055j
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, and Other Organic Wastewater Contaminants in U.S. Streams, 1999−2000: A National Reconnaissance
|
[
{
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"level": 0,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Contamination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112570922",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.60727066,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603"
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{
"display_name": "Wastewater",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94061648",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58984166,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191"
},
{
"display_name": "Coprostanol",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777585577",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5711416,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5168983"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5189464,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
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{
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"score": 0.43502727,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048907"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
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"level": 1,
"score": 0.39824578,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068"
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] |
To provide the first nationwide reconnaissance of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in water resources, the U.S. Geological Survey used five newly developed analytical methods to measure concentrations of 95 OWCs in water samples from a network of 139 streams across 30 states during 1999 and 2000. The selection of sampling sites was biased toward streams susceptible to contamination (i.e. downstream of intense urbanization and livestock production). OWCs were prevalent during this study, being found in 80% of the streams sampled. The compounds detected represent a wide range of residential, industrial, and agricultural origins and uses with 82 of the 95 OWCs being found during this study. The most frequently detected compounds were coprostanol (fecal steroid), cholesterol (plant and animal steroid), N,N-diethyltoluamide (insect repellant), caffeine (stimulant), triclosan (antimicrobial disinfectant), tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (fire retardant), and 4-nonylphenol (nonionic detergent metabolite). Measured concentrations for this study were generally low and rarely exceeded drinking-water guidelines, drinking-water health advisories, or aquatic-life criteria. Many compounds, however, do not have such guidelines established. The detection of multiple OWCs was common for this study, with a median of seven and as many as 38 OWCs being found in a given water sample. Little is known about the potential interactive effects (such as synergistic or antagonistic toxicity) that may occur from complex mixtures of OWCs in the environment. In addition, results of this study demonstrate the importance of obtaining data on metabolites to fully understand not only the fate and transport of OWCs in the hydrologic system but also their ultimate overall effect on human health and the environment.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1473_ed1
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water
|
[
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"level": 2,
"score": 0.71369964,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179177"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemical composition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149849071",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.69273984,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1263816"
},
{
"display_name": "Precipitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107054158",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.55297,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257"
},
{
"display_name": "Atmosphere (unit)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65440619",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5256107,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974"
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{
"display_name": "Natural (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776608160",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52497715,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462"
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{
"display_name": "Water cycle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C133830359",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4552419,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81041"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44587988,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4341628,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.42392144,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
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{
"display_name": "Earth science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1965285",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40712392,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8008"
},
{
"display_name": "Mineralogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199289684",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.37021297,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353"
},
{
"display_name": "Hydrology (agriculture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76886044",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.35304755,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300"
},
{
"display_name": "Geology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.30049556,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069"
}
] |
The chemical composition of natural water is derived from many different sources of solutes, including gases and aerosols from the atmosphere, weathering and erosion of rocks and soil, solution or precipitation reactions occurring below the land surface, and cultural effects resulting from activities of man. Some of the processes of solution or precipitation of minerals can be closely evaluated by means of principles of chemical equilibrium including the law of mass action and the Nernst equation. Other processes are irreversible and require consideration of reaction mechanisms and rates. The chemical composition of the crustal rocks of the earth and the composition of the ocean and the atmosphere are significant in evaluating sources of solutes in natural fresh water. The ways in which solutes are taken up or precipitated and the amounts present in solution are influenced by many environmental factors, especially climate, structure and position: of rock strata, and biochemical effects associated with life cycles of plants and animals, both microscopic and macroscopic. Taken all together and in application with the further influence of the general circulation of all water in the hydrologic cycle, the chemical principles and environmental factors form a basis for the developing science of natural-water chemistry. Fundamental data used in the determination of water quality are obtained by the chemical analysis of water samples in the laboratory or onsite sensing of chemical properties in the field. Sampling is complicated by changes in composition of moving water and the effects of particulate suspended material. Most of the constituents determined are reported in gravimetric units, usually milligrams per liter or milliequivalents per liter. More than 60 constituents and properties are included in water analyses frequently enough to provide a basis for consideration of the sources from which each is generally derived, most probable forms of elements and ions in solution, solubility controls, expected concentration ranges and other chemical factors. Concentrations of elements that are commonly present in amounts less than a few tens of micrograms per liter cannot always be easily explained, but present information suggests many are controlled by solubility of hydroxide or carbonate or by sorption on solid particles. Chemical analyses may be grouped and statistically evaluated by averages, frequency distributions, or ion correlations to summarize large volumes of data. Graphing of analyses or of groups of analyses aids in showing chemical relationships among waters, probable sources of solutes, areal water-quality regimen, and water-resources evaluation. Graphs may show water type based on chemical composition, relationships among ions, or groups of ions in individual waters or many waters considered simultaneously. The relationships of water quality to hydrologic parameters, such as stream discharge rate or ground-water flow patterns, can be shown by mathematical equations, graphs, and maps. About 75 water analyses selected from the literature are tabulated to illustrate the relationships described, and some of these, along with many others that are not tabulated, are also utilized in demonstrating graphing and mapping techniques. Relationships of water composition to source rock type are illustrated by graphs of some of the tabulated analyses. Activities of man may modify water composition extensively through direct effects of pollution and indirect results of water development, such as intrusion of sea water in ground-water aquifiers. Water-quality standards for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use have been published by various agencies. Irrigation project requirements for water quality are particularly intricate. Fundamental knowledge of processes that control natural water composition is required for rational management of water quality.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.2.412
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Fast and Easy Multiresidue Method Employing Acetonitrile Extraction/Partitioning and “Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction” for the Determination of Pesticide Residues in Produce
|
[
{
"display_name": "Solid phase extraction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C81426234",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.75122225,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408763"
},
{
"display_name": "Extraction (chemistry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4725764",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.68731856,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.62956333,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050"
},
{
"display_name": "Acetonitrile",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777463227",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5656903,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408047"
},
{
"display_name": "Pesticide residue",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106848363",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5436733,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118259"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5109836,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Residue (chemistry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781338088",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49324173,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903495"
},
{
"display_name": "Pesticide",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161176658",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43319803,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40578696,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
}
] |
A simple, fast, and inexpensive method for the determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables is introduced. The procedure involves initial single-phase extraction of 10 g sample with 10 mL acetonitrile, followed by liquid-liquid partitioning formed by addition of 4 g anhydrous MgSO4 plus 1 g NaCl. Removal of residual water and cleanup are performed simultaneously by using a rapid procedure called dispersive solid-phase extraction (dispersive-SPE), in which 150 mg anhydrous MgSO4 and 25 mg primary secondary amine (PSA) sorbent are simply mixed with 1 mL acetonitrile extract. The dispersive-SPE with PSA effectively removes many polar matrix components, such as organic acids, certain polar pigments, and sugars, to some extent from the food extracts. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is then used for quantitative and confirmatory analysis of GC-amenable pesticides. Recoveries between 85 and 101% (mostly > 95%) and repeatabilities typically < 5% have been achieved for a wide range of fortified pesticides, including very polar and basic compounds such as methamidophos, acephate, omethoate, imazalil, and thiabendazole. Using this method, a single chemist can prepare a batch of 6 previously chopped samples in < 30 min with approximately 1 dollar (U.S.) of materials per sample.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/162750
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview
|
[
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43578172,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.40948415,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.33176026,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
There has been increasing interest in the research on flavonoids from plant sources because of their versatile health benefits reported in various epidemiological studies. Since flavonoids are directly associated with human dietary ingredients and health, there is need to evaluate structure and function relationship. The bioavailability, metabolism, and biological activity of flavonoids depend upon the configuration, total number of hydroxyl groups, and substitution of functional groups about their nuclear structure. Fruits and vegetables are the main dietary sources of flavonoids for humans, along with tea and wine. Most recent researches have focused on the health aspects of flavonoids for humans. Many flavonoids are shown to have antioxidative activity, free radical scavenging capacity, coronary heart disease prevention, hepatoprotective, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer activities, while some flavonoids exhibit potential antiviral activities. In plant systems, flavonoids help in combating oxidative stress and act as growth regulators. For pharmaceutical purposes cost‐effective bulk production of different types of flavonoids has been made possible with the help of microbial biotechnology. This review highlights the structural features of flavonoids, their beneficial roles in human health, and significance in plants as well as their microbial production.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1471-2012
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions
|
[
{
"display_name": "Isoprene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780959689",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.9712745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271943"
},
{
"display_name": "Monoterpene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777671706",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6612483,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32528"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5929244,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Terpenoid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206103511",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5590707,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426694"
},
{
"display_name": "Volatile organic compound",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778150766",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.556855,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910267"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5356872,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Atmospheric sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91586092",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5276569,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520"
},
{
"display_name": "Greenhouse gas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47737302",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52194494,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336"
},
{
"display_name": "Acetaldehyde",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777595113",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5174368,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61457"
},
{
"display_name": "Atmosphere (unit)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65440619",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5081942,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974"
},
{
"display_name": "Atmospheric chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49999975",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.50816035,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287919"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4730869,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Emission inventory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776720842",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4455041,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337883"
},
{
"display_name": "NOx",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203032635",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43242192,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20962970"
},
{
"display_name": "Tropospheric ozone",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776349674",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41750595,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2298060"
},
{
"display_name": "Troposphere",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9075549",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41337886,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40631"
},
{
"display_name": "Ozone",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C508106653",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.33078927,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36933"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.30065855,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261"
}
] |
<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1) is a modeling framework for estimating fluxes of biogenic compounds between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere using simple mechanistic algorithms to account for the major known processes controlling biogenic emissions. It is available as an offline code and has also been coupled into land surface and atmospheric chemistry models. MEGAN2.1 is an update from the previous versions including MEGAN2.0, which was described for isoprene emissions by Guenther et al. (2006) and MEGAN2.02, which was described for monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions by Sakulyanontvittaya et al. (2008). Isoprene comprises about half of the total global biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission of 1 Pg (1000 Tg or 10<sup>15</sup> g) estimated using MEGAN2.1. Methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, α-pinene, β-pinene, <i>t</i>-β-ocimene, limonene, ethene, and propene together contribute another 30% of the MEGAN2.1 estimated emission. An additional 20 compounds (mostly terpenoids) are associated with the MEGAN2.1 estimates of another 17% of the total emission with the remaining 3% distributed among >100 compounds. Emissions of 41 monoterpenes and 32 sesquiterpenes together comprise about 15% and 3%, respectively, of the estimated total global BVOC emission. Tropical trees cover about 18% of the global land surface and are estimated to be responsible for ~80% of terpenoid emissions and ~50% of other VOC emissions. Other trees cover about the same area but are estimated to contribute only about 10% of total emissions. The magnitude of the emissions estimated with MEGAN2.1 are within the range of estimates reported using other approaches and much of the differences between reported values can be attributed to land cover and meteorological driving variables. The offline version of MEGAN2.1 source code and driving variables is available from <a href=http://bai.acd.ucar.edu/MEGAN/"target="_blank">http://bai.acd.ucar.edu/MEGAN/</a> and the version integrated into the Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4) can be downloaded from <a href=http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/"target="_blank>http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/</a>.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.5402/2011/402647
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils: A Review of Sources, Chemistry, Risks and Best Available Strategies for Remediation
|
[
{
"display_name": "Environmental remediation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C522964758",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.8121466,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586"
},
{
"display_name": "Contaminated land",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776395295",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.61712694,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164914"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6054093,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Mercury (programming language)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777777548",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59203285,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206040"
},
{
"display_name": "Phytoremediation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C63797996",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5204939,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283180"
},
{
"display_name": "Cadmium",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C544657597",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50568175,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091"
},
{
"display_name": "Soil water",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159750122",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4839461,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023"
},
{
"display_name": "Soil contamination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65580899",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.44167373,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43802115,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Contamination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112570922",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4315739,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603"
},
{
"display_name": "Heavy metals",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776053758",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41219786,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105789"
},
{
"display_name": "Waste management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C548081761",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3278009,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388"
}
] |
Scattered literature is harnessed to critically review the possible sources, chemistry, potential biohazards and best available remedial strategies for a number of heavy metals (lead, chromium, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, copper, mercury and nickel) commonly found in contaminated soils. The principles, advantages and disadvantages of immobilization, soil washing and phytoremediation techniques which are frequently listed among the best demonstrated available technologies for cleaning up heavy metal contaminated sites are presented. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils is necessary to reduce the associated risks, make the land resource available for agricultural production, enhance food security and scale down land tenure problems arising from changes in the land use pattern.
|
C107872376
|
Environmental chemistry
|
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1973.18.6.0897
|
scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places
|
MEASUREMENT OF THE APPARENT DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS OF CARBONIC ACID IN SEAWATER AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE1
|
[
{
"display_name": "Seawater",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C197248824",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8725672,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395"
},
{
"display_name": "Carbonic acid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777858879",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8524537,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104334"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5547343,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355"
},
{
"display_name": "Dissociation (chemistry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C102931765",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52966964,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189673"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4798455,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329"
},
{
"display_name": "Dissociation constant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74998103",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.46607614,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898254"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44160035,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Oceanography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44083148,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518"
},
{
"display_name": "Atmospheric sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91586092",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41578305,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520"
}
] |
The apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater were determined as functions of temperature (2–35°C) and salinity (19–43 ‰ ) at atmospheric pressure by measurement of K’x and the product K'� K'2. At 35%° salinity and 25°C the measured values were p K ′ 1 = 6.000 and p K ′ 2 = 9.115; at 35 ‰ and 2°C the measured values were p K ′ 1 = 6.177 and p K ′ 2 = 9.431.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election
|
[
{
"display_name": "Presidential election",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776129789",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.79165816,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858439"
},
{
"display_name": "Social media",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518677369",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7217043,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833"
},
{
"display_name": "Fake news",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779756789",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7060517,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28549308"
},
{
"display_name": "Ideology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6146357,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.53510153,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.49492282,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49064174,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371"
},
{
"display_name": "News media",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C529147693",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4388486,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193236"
},
{
"display_name": "Media studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29595303",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4075586,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650"
},
{
"display_name": "Internet privacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108827166",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3317901,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975"
}
] |
Following the 2016 US presidential election, many have expressed concern about the effects of false stories (“fake news”), circulated largely through social media. We discuss the economics of fake news and present new data on its consumption prior to the election. Drawing on web browsing data, archives of fact-checking websites, and results from a new online survey, we find: 1) social media was an important but not dominant source of election news, with 14 percent of Americans calling social media their “most important” source; 2) of the known false news stories that appeared in the three months before the election, those favoring Trump were shared a total of 30 million times on Facebook, while those favoring Clinton were shared 8 million times; 3) the average American adult saw on the order of one or perhaps several fake news stories in the months around the election, with just over half of those who recalled seeing them believing them; and 4) people are much more likely to believe stories that favor their preferred candidate, especially if they have ideologically segregated social media networks.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828042002561
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination
|
[
{
"display_name": "Callback",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204495577",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.83815134,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1205349"
},
{
"display_name": "Newspaper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201280247",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8025631,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032"
},
{
"display_name": "Race (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76509639",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.71496654,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036"
},
{
"display_name": "White (mutation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56273599",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6915195,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.49600014,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "African american",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2987028688",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46188635,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41410452,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4028681,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.35625333,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.30022982,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
}
] |
We study race in the labor market by sending fictitious resumes to help-wanted ads in Boston and Chicago newspapers. To manipulate perceived race, resumes are randomly assigned African-American- or White-sounding names. White names receive 50 percent more callbacks for interviews. Callbacks are also more responsive to resume quality for White names than for African-American ones. The racial gap is uniform across occupation, industry, and employer size. We also find little evidence that employers are inferring social class from the names. Differential treatment by race still appears to still be prominent in the U.S. labor market.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1160
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook
|
[
{
"display_name": "Ideology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.87730527,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257"
},
{
"display_name": "Homophily",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779812341",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.84252596,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891525"
},
{
"display_name": "Limiting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188198153",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.73669857,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840"
},
{
"display_name": "Social media",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518677369",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.55818707,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833"
},
{
"display_name": "Public opinion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134698397",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.53105545,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946"
},
{
"display_name": "Internet privacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108827166",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4988892,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975"
},
{
"display_name": "Content (measure theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778152352",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48576596,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061"
},
{
"display_name": "Ranking (information retrieval)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189430467",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43300274,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41630298,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.36667323,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.31801897,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272"
}
] |
Exposure to news, opinion, and civic information increasingly occurs through social media. How do these online networks influence exposure to perspectives that cut across ideological lines? Using deidentified data, we examined how 10.1 million U.S. Facebook users interact with socially shared news. We directly measured ideological homophily in friend networks and examined the extent to which heterogeneous friends could potentially expose individuals to cross-cutting content. We then quantified the extent to which individuals encounter comparatively more or less diverse content while interacting via Facebook's algorithmically ranked News Feed and further studied users' choices to click through to ideologically discordant content. Compared with algorithmic ranking, individuals' choices played a stronger role in limiting exposure to cross-cutting content.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/2491386
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Why Firms Voluntarily Disclose Bad News
|
[
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.702029,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4164886,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Accounting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121955636",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41439912,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214"
}
] |
This paper provides evidence on corporate voluntary disclosure practices through an examination of the earnings-related disclosures made by a random sample of 93 NASDAQ firms during 1981-90.' I find that, consistent with prior studies, earnings-related voluntary disclosures occur infrequently (on average, one disclosure for every ten quarterly earnings announcements); good news disclosures tend to be point or range estimates of annual earnings-per-share (EPS), while bad news disclosures tend to be qualitative statements about the current quarter's earnings; the (unconditional) stock price response to bad
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20030
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Customer perceived value, satisfaction, and loyalty: The role of switching costs
|
[
{
"display_name": "Customer satisfaction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191511416",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.704407,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999278"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.700536,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6901024,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809"
},
{
"display_name": "Loyalty business model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146897074",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.63304615,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1932925"
},
{
"display_name": "Customer delight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77197577",
"level": 5,
"score": 0.6309303,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009646"
},
{
"display_name": "Loyalty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776967331",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59383357,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132131"
},
{
"display_name": "Customer retention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C101276457",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.56363904,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196474"
},
{
"display_name": "Value (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49144804,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517"
},
{
"display_name": "Customer advocacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31367271",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.48768604,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196444"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46465605,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Customer equity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C53100981",
"level": 5,
"score": 0.41637063,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196454"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.35621548,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891"
},
{
"display_name": "Service quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140781008",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.31802517,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221081"
}
] |
Abstract It is a marketplace reality that marketing managers sometimes inflict switching costs on their customers, to inhibit them from defecting to new suppliers. In a competitive setting, such as the Internet market, where competition may be only one click away, has the potential of switching costs as an exit barrier and a binding ingredient of customer loyalty become altered? To address that issue, this article examines the moderating effects of switching costs on customer loyalty through both satisfaction and perceived‐value measures. The results, evoked from a Web‐based survey of online service users, indicate that companies that strive for customer loyalty should focus primarily on satisfaction and perceived value. The moderating effects of switching costs on the association of customer loyalty and customer satisfaction and perceived value are significant only when the level of customer satisfaction or perceived value is above average. In light of the major findings, the article sets forth strategic implications for customer loyalty in the setting of electronic commerce. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02547.x
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
The Persuasiveness of Source Credibility: A Critical Review of Five Decades' Evidence
|
[
{
"display_name": "Credibility",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780224610",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.95705175,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061"
},
{
"display_name": "Source credibility",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776620684",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.9545896,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7565144"
},
{
"display_name": "Persuasion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781310500",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.9343,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231428"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.61024296,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Empirical evidence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166052673",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5907854,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021"
},
{
"display_name": "Data source",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983685735",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5306624,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227355"
},
{
"display_name": "Empirical research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120936955",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48464733,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640"
},
{
"display_name": "Persuasive communication",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992000405",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45769387,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231428"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41216826,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Promotion (chess)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4110691,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3982005,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272"
}
] |
This paper reviews the empirical evidence of the effect of credibility of the message source on persuasion over a span of 5 decades, primarily to come up with recommendations for practitioners as to when to use a high‐ or a low‐credibility source and secondarily to identify areas for future research. The main effect studies of source credibility on persuasion seem to indicate the superiority of a high‐credibility source over a low‐credibility one. Interaction effect studies, however, show source credibility to be a liability under certain conditions. The variables found to interact with source credibility are categorized into 5 categories: source, message, channel, receiver, and destination variables. The most heavily researched variables have been the message and receiver variables. Implications for marketers/advertisers and suggestions for future research are discussed.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1086/666376
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Access-Based Consumption: The Case of Car Sharing: Table 1.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Consumption (sociology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C30772137",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.60766566,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.55980074,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5355072,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175"
},
{
"display_name": "Sharing economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33199155",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5094474,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2277143"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44483912,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43978027,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809"
}
] |
Access-based consumption, defined as transactions that can be market mediated but where no transfer of ownership takes place, is becoming increasingly popular, yet it is not well theorized. This study examines the nature of access as it contrasts to ownership and sharing, specifically the consumer-object, consumer-consumer, and consumer-marketer relationships. Six dimensions are identified to distinguish among the range of access-based consumptionscapes: temporality, anonymity, market mediation, consumer involvement, the type of accessed object, and political consumerism. Access-based consumption is examined in the context of car sharing via an interpretive study of Zipcar consumers. Four outcomes of these dimensions in the context of car sharing are identified: lack of identification, varying significance of use and sign value, negative reciprocity resulting in a big-brother model of governance, and a deterrence of brand community. The implications of our findings for understanding the nature of exchange, consumption, and brand community are discussed.
|
C112698675
|
Advertising
|
https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.97.1.242
|
form of communication for marketing, typically paid for
|
Internet Advertising and the Generalized Second-Price Auction: Selling Billions of Dollars Worth of Keywords
|
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6746235,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144237770",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.60749537,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534"
},
{
"display_name": "Vickrey auction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83426474",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.58366853,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243758"
},
{
"display_name": "Microeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.56246775,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072"
},
{
"display_name": "Generalized second-price auction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48278072",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.54451,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532508"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanism (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89611455",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4922203,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646"
},
{
"display_name": "Vickrey–Clarke–Groves auction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147220207",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.47603276,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q773073"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44588035,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038"
},
{
"display_name": "Sequential equilibrium",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201364048",
"level": 5,
"score": 0.43279672,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897085"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanism design",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153517567",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42548728,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26090"
},
{
"display_name": "Auction theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11276805",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.37132496,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771334"
},
{
"display_name": "Common value auction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163239763",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.33067125,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153637"
}
] |
We investigate the “generalized second-price” (GSP) auction, a new mechanism used by search engines to sell online advertising. Although GSP looks similar to the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism, its properties are very different. Unlike the VCG mechanism, GSP generally does not have an equilibrium in dominant strategies, and truth-telling is not an equilibrium of GSP. To analyze the properties of GSP, we describe the generalized English auction that corresponds to GSP and show that it has a unique equilibrium. This is an ex post equilibrium, with the same payoffs to all players as the dominant strategy equilibrium of VCG. (JEL D44, L81, M37)
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1152509
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification
|
[
{
"display_name": "Ocean acidification",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19829342",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.8370997,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855711"
},
{
"display_name": "Coral reef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79367842",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.81028926,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11292"
},
{
"display_name": "Reef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77044568",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7979758,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184358"
},
{
"display_name": "Resilience of coral reefs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C125460053",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.71780246,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315550"
},
{
"display_name": "Overexploitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C152613627",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6539745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050262"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151152651",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6507792,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304561"
},
{
"display_name": "Climate change",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.63851,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.60255456,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Oceanography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5885446,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518"
},
{
"display_name": "Effects of global warming on oceans",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C96305052",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.58509076,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347373"
},
{
"display_name": "Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195048187",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5461444,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4468919"
},
{
"display_name": "Coral bleaching",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103474955",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5185378,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568916"
},
{
"display_name": "Coral reef protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73849760",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.49411348,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5169528"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110872660",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48092505,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental issues with coral reefs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C207074971",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47864544,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5381324"
},
{
"display_name": "Global warming",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115343472",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47233334,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46350923,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Coral",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143020374",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43975347,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2411228"
},
{
"display_name": "Aquaculture of coral",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143837700",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4194064,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4782659"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.32975376,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150"
}
] |
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is expected to exceed 500 parts per million and global temperatures to rise by at least 2°C by 2050 to 2100, values that significantly exceed those of at least the past 420,000 years during which most extant marine organisms evolved. Under conditions expected in the 21st century, global warming and ocean acidification will compromise carbonate accretion, with corals becoming increasingly rare on reef systems. The result will be less diverse reef communities and carbonate reef structures that fail to be maintained. Climate change also exacerbates local stresses from declining water quality and overexploitation of key species, driving reefs increasingly toward the tipping point for functional collapse. This review presents future scenarios for coral reefs that predict increasingly serious consequences for reef-associated fisheries, tourism, coastal protection, and people. As the International Year of the Reef 2008 begins, scaled-up management intervention and decisive action on global emissions are required if the loss of coral-dominated ecosystems is to be avoided.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.1641/b570707
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas
|
[
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5291149,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4937652,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Oceanography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.48313496,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518"
}
] |
ABSTRACT The conservation and sustainable use of marine resources is a highlighted goal on a growing number of national and international policy agendas. Unfortunately, efforts to assess progress, as well as to strategically plan and prioritize new marine conservation measures, have been hampered by the lack of a detailed, comprehensive biogeographic system to classify the oceans. Here we report on a new global system for coastal and shelf areas: the Marine Ecoregions of the World, or MEOW, a nested system of 12 realms, 62 provinces, and 232 ecoregions. This system provides considerably better spatial resolution than earlier global systems, yet it preserves many common elements and can be cross-referenced to many regional biogeographic classifications. The designation of terrestrial ecoregions has revolutionized priority setting and planning for terrestrial conservation; we anticipate similar benefits from the use of a coherent and credible marine system.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0905620106
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems
|
[
{
"display_name": "Seagrass",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777400808",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.95710194,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646660"
},
{
"display_name": "Coral reef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79367842",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6210006,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11292"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110872660",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59514976,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813"
},
{
"display_name": "Threatened species",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24518262",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5838901,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16197023"
},
{
"display_name": "Blue carbon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142804171",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5347186,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4930066"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5087386,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.50263166,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Mangrove",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C68874143",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5021715,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19756"
},
{
"display_name": "Habitat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185933670",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5016501,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine habitats",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134037308",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48567164,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6764288"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151152651",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48034346,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304561"
},
{
"display_name": "Endangered species",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179345059",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4566426,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11394"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecosystem services",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58941895",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.44543412,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865"
},
{
"display_name": "Habitat destruction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C64229544",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43970412,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552431"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4341136,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150"
},
{
"display_name": "Reef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77044568",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4286846,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184358"
},
{
"display_name": "Kelp forest",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153274386",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.42478853,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575913"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C514101110",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42110378,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.369274,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
}
] |
Coastal ecosystems and the services they provide are adversely affected by a wide variety of human activities. In particular, seagrass meadows are negatively affected by impacts accruing from the billion or more people who live within 50 km of them. Seagrass meadows provide important ecosystem services, including an estimated $1.9 trillion per year in the form of nutrient cycling; an order of magnitude enhancement of coral reef fish productivity; a habitat for thousands of fish, bird, and invertebrate species; and a major food source for endangered dugong, manatee, and green turtle. Although individual impacts from coastal development, degraded water quality, and climate change have been documented, there has been no quantitative global assessment of seagrass loss until now. Our comprehensive global assessment of 215 studies found that seagrasses have been disappearing at a rate of 110 km 2 yr −1 since 1980 and that 29% of the known areal extent has disappeared since seagrass areas were initially recorded in 1879. Furthermore, rates of decline have accelerated from a median of 0.9% yr −1 before 1940 to 7% yr −1 since 1990. Seagrass loss rates are comparable to those reported for mangroves, coral reefs, and tropical rainforests and place seagrass meadows among the most threatened ecosystems on earth.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0633:ticamo]2.0.co;2
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
The Identification, Conservation, and Management of Estuarine and Marine Nurseries for Fish and Invertebrates
|
[
{
"display_name": "Invertebrate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C13474642",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7345419,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43806"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.64697874,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine fish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992957956",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6335256,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5364423"
},
{
"display_name": "Fish <Actinopterygii>",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909208804",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6084171,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine invertebrates",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C172269249",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6049572,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108555493"
},
{
"display_name": "Identification (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116834253",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6038698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217"
},
{
"display_name": "Estuary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C88160329",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47817856,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.39615875,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.38055593,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33448458,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150"
}
] |
Michael W. Beck, Kenneth L. Heck, Jr., Kenneth W. Able, Daniel L. Childers, David B. Eggleston, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Benjamin Halpern, Cynthia G. Hays, Kaho Hoshino, Thomas J. Minello, Robert J. Orth, Peter F. Sheridan and Michael P. Weinstein
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.18356/8d6ea4b6-en
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018
|
[
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6208614,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Aquaculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86909935",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.60262764,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188989"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5501748,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Corporate governance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52863204,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C514101110",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.52750313,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373"
},
{
"display_name": "Food security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C549605437",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51807594,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911"
},
{
"display_name": "Fisheries law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C510239367",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5109712,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17003038"
},
{
"display_name": "Sustainable development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45219383,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201"
},
{
"display_name": "Fish stock",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58479451",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4302694,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16782389"
},
{
"display_name": "Sustainability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C66204764",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41855463,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416"
},
{
"display_name": "Fisheries management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202041845",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4125408,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5454893"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental resource management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3963392,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.37801525,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91375879",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.37708673,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36910698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701"
}
] |
The 2018 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture emphasizes the sector’s role in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, and measurement of progress towards these goals. It notes the particular contributions of inland and small-scale fisheries, and highlights the importance of rights-based governance for equitable and inclusive development. As in past editions, the publication begins with a global analysis of trends in fisheries and aquaculture production, stocks, processing and use, trade and consumption, based on the latest official statistics, along with a review of the status of the world’s fishing fleets and human engagement and governance in the sector. Topics explored in Parts 2 to 4 include aquatic biodiversity; the ecosystem approach to fisheries and to aquaculture; climate change impacts and responses; the sector’s contribution to food security and human nutrition; and issues related to international trade, consumer protection and sustainable value chains. Global developments in combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, selected ocean pollution concerns and FAO’s efforts to improve capture fishery data are also discussed. The issue concludes with the outlook for the sector, including projections to 2030. As always, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture aims to provide objective, reliable and up-to-date information to a wide audience, including policy-makers, managers, scientists, stakeholders and indeed all those interested in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1173146
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
Rebuilding Global Fisheries
|
[
{
"display_name": "Fisheries management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202041845",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6891432,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5454893"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.68865347,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151152651",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.62891054,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304561"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecosystem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110872660",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6203701,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813"
},
{
"display_name": "Fisheries law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C510239367",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.59151953,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17003038"
},
{
"display_name": "Marine fisheries",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2993248064",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.50926244,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Fisheries science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C135895429",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.45814392,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420050"
},
{
"display_name": "Scale (ratio)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778755073",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44119167,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental resource management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43027243,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4162404,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.35236698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
}
] |
Fighting for Fisheries In the debate concerning the future of the world's fisheries, some have forecasted complete collapse but others have challenged this view. The protagonists in this debate have now joined forces to present a thorough quantitative review of current trends in world fisheries. Worm et al. (p. 578 ) evaluate the evidence for a global rebuilding of marine capture fisheries and their supporting ecosystems. Contrasting regions that have been managed for rebuilding with those that have not, reveals trajectories of decline and recovery from individual stocks to species, communities, and large marine ecosystems. The management solutions that have been most successful for rebuilding fisheries and ecosystems, include both large- and small-scale fisheries around the world.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-5350
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
The State of world fisheries and aquaculture, 2012
|
[
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.7491307,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Aquaculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86909935",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.63126004,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188989"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5385481,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031"
},
{
"display_name": "Fish <Actinopterygii>",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909208804",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.37156475,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3414789,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
}
] |
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
|
C505870484
|
Fishery
|
https://doi.org/10.15468/alz7wu
|
the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish or other aquatic organisms
|
Field Museum of Natural History (Zoology) Fish Collection
|
[
{
"display_name": "Fish <Actinopterygii>",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909208804",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.69531786,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C163276114",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5705461,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484591"
},
{
"display_name": "Field (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5447981,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109"
},
{
"display_name": "Zoology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90856448",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.46970862,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431"
},
{
"display_name": "Fishery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45750713,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776608160",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45369437,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44448942,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.34715277,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150"
}
] |
Established in 1894, The Field Museum fish collection now contains more than 1,700,000 specimens, 130,000 lots, 10,000 species, 4,500 tissuesamples, 3,500 skeletons, 1,400 nominal types, and 450 families. Specimens range from the lobe-finned Coelacanth and lungfishes, to a diversity of freshwater catfishes and cichlids, to charismatic reef fishes such as the amazing Slingjaw Wrasse and venomous Red Lionfish.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship
|
[
{
"display_name": "Stewardship (theology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777950569",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.7672982,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021836"
},
{
"display_name": "Reuse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206588197",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7016162,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574"
},
{
"display_name": "Reusability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137981799",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.66972333,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369184"
},
{
"display_name": "Implementation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26713055",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.64054036,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5493179,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Set (abstract data type)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177264268",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5127524,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741"
},
{
"display_name": "Workflow",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177212765",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4586911,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335"
},
{
"display_name": "Data science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43468276,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4270495,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering ethics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55587333",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36856794,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33028114,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3255951,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.31318527,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
}
] |
There is an urgent need to improve the infrastructure supporting the reuse of scholarly data. A diverse set of stakeholders-representing academia, industry, funding agencies, and scholarly publishers-have come together to design and jointly endorse a concise and measureable set of principles that we refer to as the FAIR Data Principles. The intent is that these may act as a guideline for those wishing to enhance the reusability of their data holdings. Distinct from peer initiatives that focus on the human scholar, the FAIR Principles put specific emphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically find and use the data, in addition to supporting its reuse by individuals. This Comment is the first formal publication of the FAIR Principles, and includes the rationale behind them, and some exemplar implementations in the community.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.640
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance
|
[
{
"display_name": "Microfoundations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776589375",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.98406196,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1876068"
},
{
"display_name": "Dynamic capabilities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780504989",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8093647,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2742037"
},
{
"display_name": "Ambidexterity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106033793",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6716024,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457332"
},
{
"display_name": "Enterprise systems engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146342590",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5324949,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11606385"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.51751494,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4610663,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4595683,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Enterprise life cycle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82419060",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4435416,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380394"
},
{
"display_name": "Enterprise software",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185765463",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44049558,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318054"
},
{
"display_name": "Profit (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C181622380",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43339193,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911"
},
{
"display_name": "Enterprise integration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C53996427",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4226352,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380387"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.3234523,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904"
}
] |
Abstract This paper draws on the social and behavioral sciences in an endeavor to specify the nature and microfoundations of the capabilities necessary to sustain superior enterprise performance in an open economy with rapid innovation and globally dispersed sources of invention, innovation, and manufacturing capability. Dynamic capabilities enable business enterprises to create, deploy, and protect the intangible assets that support superior long‐ run business performance. The microfoundations of dynamic capabilities—the distinct skills, processes, procedures, organizational structures, decision rules, and disciplines—which undergird enterprise‐level sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capacities are difficult to develop and deploy. Enterprises with strong dynamic capabilities are intensely entrepreneurial. They not only adapt to business ecosystems, but also shape them through innovation and through collaboration with other enterprises, entities, and institutions. The framework advanced can help scholars understand the foundations of long‐run enterprise success while helping managers delineate relevant strategic considerations and the priorities they must adopt to enhance enterprise performance and escape the zero profit tendency associated with operating in markets open to global competition. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-5-69
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Scoping studies: advancing the methodology
|
[
{
"display_name": "Health services research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780877353",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5471569,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge translation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777921204",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5374392,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66104672"
},
{
"display_name": "Rigour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71008984",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.53312093,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890076"
},
{
"display_name": "Thematic analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.51396745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5079425,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663"
},
{
"display_name": "Management science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4975913,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942"
},
{
"display_name": "Health informatics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145642194",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47779426,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4625034,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904"
},
{
"display_name": "Relevance (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158154518",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44945493,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44070148,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207"
},
{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43519744,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.43501768,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
},
{
"display_name": "Health administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137992405",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.42233896,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137608"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40081534,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
}
] |
Scoping studies are an increasingly popular approach to reviewing health research evidence. In 2005, Arksey and O'Malley published the first methodological framework for conducting scoping studies. While this framework provides an excellent foundation for scoping study methodology, further clarifying and enhancing this framework will help support the consistency with which authors undertake and report scoping studies and may encourage researchers and clinicians to engage in this process.We build upon our experiences conducting three scoping studies using the Arksey and O'Malley methodology to propose recommendations that clarify and enhance each stage of the framework. Recommendations include: clarifying and linking the purpose and research question (stage one); balancing feasibility with breadth and comprehensiveness of the scoping process (stage two); using an iterative team approach to selecting studies (stage three) and extracting data (stage four); incorporating a numerical summary and qualitative thematic analysis, reporting results, and considering the implications of study findings to policy, practice, or research (stage five); and incorporating consultation with stakeholders as a required knowledge translation component of scoping study methodology (stage six). Lastly, we propose additional considerations for scoping study methodology in order to support the advancement, application and relevance of scoping studies in health research.Specific recommendations to clarify and enhance this methodology are outlined for each stage of the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Continued debate and development about scoping study methodology will help to maximize the usefulness and rigor of scoping study findings within healthcare research and practice.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1995.1081
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing?
|
[
{
"display_name": "IDEF5",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118248724",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.8591415,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5969997"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.74754053,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Reuse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206588197",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5904497,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge sharing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776604539",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5092882,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423395"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge representation and reasoning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161301231",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49737123,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658"
},
{
"display_name": "Set (abstract data type)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177264268",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48278892,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.45679146,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Ontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C25810664",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4495307,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325"
},
{
"display_name": "Software engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44463614,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993"
},
{
"display_name": "Perspective (graphical)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4208197,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281"
},
{
"display_name": "Representation (politics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776359362",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41986722,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286"
}
] |
Recent work in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is exploring the use of formal ontologies as a way of specifying content-specific agreements for the sharing and reuse of knowledge among software entities. We take an engineering perspective on the development of such ontologies. Formal ontologies are viewed as designed artifacts, formulated for specific purposes and evaluated against objective design criteria. We describe the role of ontologies in supporting knowledge sharing activities, and then present a set of criteria to guide the development of ontologies for these purposes. We show how these criteria are applied in case studies from the design of ontologies for engineering mathematics and bibliographic data. Selected design decisions are discussed, and alternative representation choices are evaluated against the design criteria.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0887-378x.2004.00325.x
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Diffusion of Innovations in Service Organizations: Systematic Review and Recommendations
|
[
{
"display_name": "Systematic review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189708586",
"level": 3,
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},
{
"display_name": "Service delivery framework",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C68595000",
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177"
},
{
"display_name": "Service (business)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780378061",
"level": 2,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891"
},
{
"display_name": "Diffusion of innovations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780917687",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5266373,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304994"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Diffusion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C69357855",
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"score": 0.45451427,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214"
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{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186",
"level": 2,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663"
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{
"display_name": "Management science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460",
"level": 1,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
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{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39697233,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904"
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] |
This article summarizes an extensive literature review addressing the question, How can we spread and sustain innovations in health service delivery and organization? It considers both content (defining and measuring the diffusion of innovation in organizations) and process (reviewing the literature in a systematic and reproducible way). This article discusses (1) a parsimonious and evidence-based model for considering the diffusion of innovations in health service organizations, (2) clear knowledge gaps where further research should be focused, and (3) a robust and transferable methodology for systematically reviewing health service policy and management. Both the model and the method should be tested more widely in a range of contexts.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Deliberate Learning and the Evolution of Dynamic Capabilities
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C101097943",
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"score": 0.8054576,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5176983"
},
{
"display_name": "Ambiguity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780522230",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6172024,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419"
},
{
"display_name": "Dynamic capabilities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780504989",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5913997,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2742037"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
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{
"display_name": "Organizational learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169735623",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5308745,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430172"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.48765695,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Adaptation (eye)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139807058",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45784754,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374"
},
{
"display_name": "Argument (complex analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98184364",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45246553,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131"
},
{
"display_name": "Coevolution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33009525",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44263792,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208841"
},
{
"display_name": "Articulation (sociology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779337067",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43717855,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4800961"
},
{
"display_name": "Cognitive psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180747234",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.43031988,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373"
},
{
"display_name": "Task (project management)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780451532",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41555187,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676"
}
] |
This paper investigates the mechanisms through which organizations develop dynamic capabilities, defined as routinized activities directed to the development and adaptation of operating routines. It addresses the role of (1) experience accumulation, (2) knowledge articulation, and (3) knowledge codification processes in the evolution of dynamic, as well as operational, routines. The argument is made that dynamic capabilities are shaped by the coevolution of these learning mechanisms. At any point in time, firms adopt a mix of learning behaviors constituted by a semiautomatic accumulation of experience and by deliberate investments in knowledge articulation and codification activities. The relative effectiveness of these capability-building mechanisms is analyzed here as contingent upon selected features of the task to be learned, such as its frequency, homogeneity, and degree of causal ambiguity. Testable hypotheses about these effects are derived. Somewhat counterintuitive implications of the analysis include the relatively superior effectiveness of highly deliberate learning processes such as knowledge codification at lower levels of frequency and homogeneity of the organizational task, in contrast with common managerial practice.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions
|
[
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7976393,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382"
},
{
"display_name": "Nomological network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193525677",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.686032,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048651"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.6177397,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Technology acceptance model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776185967",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.6134281,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112945"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50978345,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.44430718,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453"
},
{
"display_name": "Information technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121017731",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.43642804,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661"
},
{
"display_name": "Usability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C170130773",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.38544312,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378"
},
{
"display_name": "Management science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.36973146,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35122958,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33801997,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.32657945,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.30308843,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
ABSTRACT Prior research has provided valuable insights into how and why employees make a decision about the adoption and use of information technologies (ITs) in the workplace. From an organizational point of view, however, the more important issue is how managers make informed decisions about interventions that can lead to greater acceptance and effective utilization of IT. There is limited research in the IT implementation literature that deals with the role of interventions to aid such managerial decision making. Particularly, there is a need to understand how various interventions can influence the known determinants of IT adoption and use. To address this gap in the literature, we draw from the vast body of research on the technology acceptance model (TAM), particularly the work on the determinants of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and: (i) develop a comprehensive nomological network (integrated model) of the determinants of individual level (IT) adoption and use; (ii) empirically test the proposed integrated model; and (iii) present a research agenda focused on potential pre‐ and postimplementation interventions that can enhance employees' adoption and use of IT. Our findings and research agenda have important implications for managerial decision making on IT implementation in organizations.
|
C56739046
|
Knowledge management
|
https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.3.398
|
process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization
|
The Duality of Technology: Rethinking the Concept of Technology in Organizations
|
[
{
"display_name": "Conceptualization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90734943",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.76245356,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5580095,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060"
},
{
"display_name": "Dialectic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C13184196",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50966716,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9453"
},
{
"display_name": "Information technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121017731",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50554895,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661"
},
{
"display_name": "Management science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4560485,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942"
},
{
"display_name": "Action (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45252696,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785"
},
{
"display_name": "Outcome (game theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148220186",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44348368,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.42609048,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Field (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41213962,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109"
}
] |
This paper develops a new theoretical model with which to examine the interaction between technology and organizations. Early research studies assumed technology to be an objective, external force that would have deterministic impacts on organizational properties such as structure. Later researchers focused on the human aspect of technology, seeing it as the outcome of strategic choice and social action. This paper suggests that either view is incomplete, and proposes a reconceptualization of technology that takes both perspectives into account. A theoretical model—the structurational model of technology—is built on the basis of this new conceptualization, and its workings explored through discussion of a field study of information technology. The paper suggests that the reformulation of the technology concept and the structurational model of technology allow a deeper and more dialectical understanding of the interaction between technology and organizations. This understanding provides insight into the limits and opportunities of human choice, technology development and use, and organizational design. Implications for future research of the new concept of technology and the structurational model of technology are discussed.
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/3684782
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection
|
[
{
"display_name": "Psychoanalysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11171543",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44574323,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3998533,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.39054713,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.38338766,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242"
},
{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.38192058,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.33735767,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3228935,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
}
] |
I. Approaching Abjection2. Something to Be Scared Of3. From Filth to Defilement4. Semiotics of Biblical Abomination5... Qui Tollis Peccata Mundi6. C line: Neither Actor nor Martyr7. Suffering and Horror8. Those Females Who Can Wreck the Infinite9. Ours to Jew or Die10. In the Beginning and Without End...11. Powers of Horror
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09091379
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): Toward a New Classification Framework for Research on Mental Disorders
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Domain Criteria",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777343845",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.78939956,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16573248"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.47353408,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychoanalysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11171543",
"level": 1,
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190"
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{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
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"level": 1,
"score": 0.30321273,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867"
}
] |
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article CommentaryFull AccessResearch Domain Criteria (RDoC): Toward a New Classification Framework for Research on Mental DisordersThomas Insel, M.D., Bruce Cuthbert, Ph.D., Marjorie Garvey, M.B., B.CH., Robert Heinssen, Ph.D., Daniel S. Pine, M.D., Kevin Quinn, Ph.D., Charles Sanislow, Ph.D., and Philip Wang, M.D., DR.P.H.Thomas Insel, M.D., Bruce Cuthbert, Ph.D., Marjorie Garvey, M.B., B.CH., Robert Heinssen, Ph.D., Daniel S. Pine, M.D., Kevin Quinn, Ph.D., Charles Sanislow, Ph.D., and Philip Wang, M.D., DR.P.H.Published Online:1 Jul 2010https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09091379AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Current versions of the DSM and ICD have facilitated reliable clinical diagnosis and research. However, problems have increasingly been documented over the past several years, both in clinical and research arenas (e.g., 1, 2). Diagnostic categories based on clinical consensus fail to align with findings emerging from clinical neuroscience and genetics. The boundaries of these categories have not been predictive of treatment response. And, perhaps most important, these categories, based upon presenting signs and symptoms, may not capture fundamental underlying mechanisms of dysfunction. One consequence has been to slow the development of new treatments targeted to underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.History shows that predictable problems arise with early, descriptive diagnostic systems designed without an accurate understanding of pathophysiology. Throughout medicine, disorders once considered unitary based on clinical presentation have been shown to be heterogeneous by laboratory tests—e.g., destruction of islet cells versus insulin resistance in distinct forms of diabetes mellitus. From infectious diseases to subtypes of cancer, we routinely use biomarkers to direct distinct treatments. Conversely, history also shows that syndromes appearing clinically distinct may result from the same etiology, as in the diverse clinical presentations following syphilis or a range of streptococcus-related disorders.While the potential advantages of a neuroscience-based approach to psychiatric classification are widely appreciated (3), no consensus exists about how to achieve this goal. The problem is not new. Four decades ago, Robins and Guze suggested five criteria for validating diagnosis (clinical description, laboratory tests, delimitation, follow-up studies, and family data), where the goal was specifying prognosis (4). Reminiscent of the rationale for developing the Research Diagnostic Criteria in the 1970s that led to the innovative DSM-III for clinical use, the question now becomes one of when and how to build a long-term framework for research that can yield classification based on discoveries in genomics and neuroscience as well as clinical observation, with a goal of improving treatment outcomes. As the major federal research agency funding mental health research in the United States, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) believes the time has arrived to begin moving in such a new direction.The NIMH is launching the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project to create a framework for research on pathophysiology, especially for genomics and neuroscience, which ultimately will inform future classification schemes. The RDoC project is intended to be the next step in a long journey, one that continues the process begun in the 1970s of ensuring diagnosis that has both reliability and validity. While the focus of this journey over the past 30 years has been on refinements in clinically based classification, the time has come to lay the groundwork for the next step in this process: incorporating data on pathophysiology in ways that eventually will help identify new targets for treatment development, detect subgroups for treatment selection, and provide a better match between research findings and clinical decision making.RDoC classification rests on three assumptions. First, the RDoC framework conceptualizes mental illnesses as brain disorders. In contrast to neurological disorders with identifiable lesions, mental disorders can be addressed as disorders of brain circuits. Second, RDoC classification assumes that the dysfunction in neural circuits can be identified with the tools of clinical neuroscience, including electrophysiology, functional neuroimaging, and new methods for quantifying connections in vivo. Third, the RDoC framework assumes that data from genetics and clinical neuroscience will yield biosignatures that will augment clinical symptoms and signs for clinical management. Examples where clinically relevant models of circuitry-behavior relationships augur future clinical use include fear/extinction, reward, executive function, and impulse control. For example, the practitioner of the future could supplement a clinical evaluation of what we now call an "anxiety disorder" with data from functional or structural imaging, genomic sequencing, and laboratory-based evaluations of fear conditioning and extinction to determine prognosis and appropriate treatment, analogous to what is done routinely today in many other areas of medicine.Clearly, this is a vision for the future, given the rudimentary nature of data relating measures of brain function to clinically relevant individual differences in genomics, pathophysiology, and behavior. In the near-term, RDoC may be most useful for researchers mapping brain-behavior relationships as well as genomic discoveries in human and non-human animal studies. For example, within the broad domain of developmental neuroscience, the emerging fields of imaging genomics and early life programming have already begun to clarify factors that shape the development of select neural circuits (5, 6). But the findings of developmental neuroscience have not yet proven useful for clinicians, often because the results are relevant to broad domains of function such as temperament rather than specific diagnoses. And the recent discovery of structural changes in the genome (copy number variations) associated with psychopathology already suggest the power of modern genomics for psychiatry, but the phenotypes associated with genomic variation do not align with current classifications of autism or schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. RDoC are intended to ultimately provide a framework for classification based on empirical data from genetics and neuroscience. Indeed, in 2010, we do not know how many different disorders are embedded in the current diagnosis of schizophrenia or autism or other current categories that share clinical features. Our expectation, based on experience in cancer, heart disease, and infectious diseases, is that identifying syndromes based on pathophysiology will eventually be able to improve outcomes (e.g., 7, 8).Research approaches for the RDoC project will differ from current practice, which typically constrains study designs not only to a single DSM/ICD patient group but also to particular clinical features. The primary focus for RDoC is on neural circuitry, with levels of analysis progressing in one of two directions: upwards from measures of circuitry function to clinically relevant variation, or downwards to the genetic and molecular/cellular factors that ultimately influence such function. From this perspective, research for RDoC can be conceived as a matrix in which the rows represent various constructs grouped hierarchically into broad domains of function (e.g., negative emotionality, cognition). The columns of the matrix denote different levels of analysis, from genetic, molecular, and cellular levels, proceeding to the circuit-level (which, as suggested above, is the focal element of the RDoC organization), and on to the level of the individual, family environment, and social context. Importantly, all of these levels are seen as affecting both the biology and psychology of mental illness. With the RDoC approach, independent variables for classification might be specified from any of these levels of analysis, with dependent variables chosen from one or more other columns. Notably, samples might include patients spanning multiple DSM diagnoses. For instance, a study of working memory might recruit patients from a psychotic disorders clinic, with the independent variable a genetic polymorphism and dependent variables comprising cognitive performance and neuroimaging of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation. A study of fear circuitry might include all patients presenting at an anxiety clinic, with an independent variable of defense-system reactivity (e.g., fear-potentiated startle) and dependent variables comprising scores on fear, distress, and symptom measures. While maintaining a clear focus on overt psychopathology, investigators will be encouraged to explicate the full range of a given dimension to develop thresholds for different types of interventions and identify early opportunities for preventive interventions.How will RDoC alter clinical practice? The answer depends on how well RDoC perform for research. Following Robins and Guze's postulates for the Research Diagnostic Criteria, the critical test is how well the new molecular and neurobiological parameters predict prognosis or treatment response. If a BDNF polymorphism identifies people with anxiety syndromes who do not respond to behavior therapy, if a copy number variant defines a form of psychosis with high remission rates, if neuroimaging yields a subtype of mood disorder that consistently responds to lithium, RDoC could provide a classification scheme that will improve outcomes. But we recognize that there are many "ifs" at this stage. We are still a long way from knowing if this approach will succeed.NIMH plans to maintain liaison with the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization regarding mutual interests in psychiatric classification. As an initial step, representatives of the APA, WHO, and NIMH met in July 2009 to map out common ground. These organizations have also articulated the importance of adding molecular and neurobiological parameters to future diagnostic systems, but at our current state of knowledge this step seems more appropriate for research than for immediate clinical use. NIMH views RDoC as the beginning of a transformative effort that needs to succeed over the next decade and beyond to implement neuroscience-based psychiatric classification. We recognize that the creation of such a new approach is a daunting task, which will likely require several mid-course corrections and may ultimately fail to deliver the transformation we seek in clinical care. However, NIMH hopes that the scientific and clinical communities will recognize the importance of joining in constructive dialogue on efforts aiming to accelerate the pace of new clinical discoveries and improve clinical outcomes.National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md.Commentary accepted for publication April 2010. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Cuthbert, National Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Blvd. (MSC 9632), Bethesda, MD 20892-9632; [email protected]nih.gov (e-mail).All authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests.References1 Regier DA , Narrow WE , Kuhl EA , Kupfer DJ : The conceptual development of DSM-V. Am J Psychiatry 2009; 166:1–7 Link, Google Scholar2 Hyman S : Can neuroscience be integrated into the DSM-V? 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syndromes to modeling endophenotypes10 November 2022 | History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 4Accommodating site variation in neuroimaging data using normative and hierarchical Bayesian modelsNeuroImage, Vol. 264Coordinated cortical thickness alterations across six neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders11 November 2022 | Nature Communications, Vol. 13, No. 1Anticipatory and consummatory pleasure in eating disorders12 November 2022 | Journal of Eating Disorders, Vol. 10, No. 1A longitudinal resource for studying connectome development and its psychiatric associations during childhood14 June 2022 | Scientific Data, Vol. 9, No. 1How well do Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Behavioural Activation for depression repair anhedonia? A secondary analysis of the COBRA randomized controlled trialBehaviour Research and Therapy, Vol. 159Linking Individual Differences in Personalized Functional Network Topography to Psychopathology in YouthBiological Psychiatry, Vol. 92, No. 12Putamen Structure and Function in Familial Risk for Depression: A Multimodal Imaging StudyBiological Psychiatry, Vol. 92, No. 12The association of glutamate level in pregenual anterior cingulate, anhedonia, and emotion-behavior decoupling in patients with major depressive disorderAsian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 78Conceptualizing the Role of Parent and Child Emotion Regulation in the Treatment of Early-Onset Behavior Disorders: Theory, Research, and Future Directions17 November 2022 | Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, Vol. 56Translational models of addiction phenotypes to advance addiction pharmacotherapy17 November 2022 | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 22Negative valence system as a relevant domain in compulsivity: review in a preclinical model of compulsivity15 November 2022 | Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Vol. 33Temporal predictions of negative anxiety response styles in depression risk12 November 2022 | Current Psychology, Vol. 96Neural activation, cognitive control, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Evaluating three competing etiological models8 November 2022 | Development and Psychopathology, Vol. 10A more holistic approach to autism using the International Classification of Functioning: The why, what, and how of functioning4 November 2022 | Autism, Vol. 43Error‐related brain activity: A time‐domain and time‐frequency investigation in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder4 November 2022 | PsychophysiologyEveryday Conflict in Families at Risk for Violence Exposure: Examining Unique, Bidirectional Associations with Children’s Anxious- and Withdrawn-Depressed Symptoms4 November 2022 | Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Vol. 32Is the serotonin hypothesis dead? If so, how will clinical psychology respond?3 November 2022 | Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 13Associations of Parental Depression with Children’s Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: Meta-Analyses of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Effects24 October 2022 | Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, Vol. 51, No. 6Early hypervigilance and later avoidance: Event-related potentials track the processing of threatening stimuli in anxietyBehaviour Research and Therapy, Vol. 158Increased immuno-inflammatory mediators in women with post-traumatic stress disorder after sexual assault: 1-Year follow-upJournal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 155Clenbuterol attenuates immune reaction to lipopolysaccharide and its relationship to anhedonia in adolescentsBrain, Behavior, and Immunity, Vol. 106Drift-Diffusion Model Reveals Impaired Reward-Based Perceptual Decision-Making Processes Associated with Depression in Late Childhood and Early Adolescent Girls9 June 2022 | Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Vol. 50, No. 11Theory of Mind and social functioning among neuropsychiatric disorders: A transdiagnostic studyEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 64The neurobiological reward system and binge eating: A critical systematic review of neuroimaging studies15 July 2022 | International Journal of Eating Disorders, Vol. 55, No. 11Symptom-Based Profiling and Multimodal Neuroimaging of a Large Preteenage Population Identifies Distinct Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder–like Subtypes With Neurocognitive DifferencesBiological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Vol. 7, No. 11THE TRANSLATIONAL GENETICS OF ADHD AND RELATED PHENOTYPES IN MODEL ORGANISMSNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 5Relations of gray matter volume to dimensional measures of cognition and affect in mood disordersCortex, Vol. 156The miR-124-AMPAR pathway connects polygenic risks with behavioral changes shared between schizophrenia and bipolar disorderNeuron, Vol. 349Modern views of machine learning for precision psychiatryPatterns, Vol. 3, No. 11Boosting psychological change: Combining non-invasive brain stimulation with psychotherapyNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 142A Critical Review of Multimodal-multisensor Analytics for Anxiety Assessment3 November 2022 | ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare, Vol. 3, No. 4A network analysis of anxiety, depressive, and psychotic symptoms and functioning in children and adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis28 October 2022 | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 13Psychotic Symptom, Mood, and Cognition-associated Multimodal MRI Reveal Shared Links to the Salience Network Within the Psychosis Spectrum Disorders28 October 2022 | Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 360Transdiagnostic Patterns of Sensory Processing in Autism and ADHD28 October 2022 | Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 173Deep learning in neuroimaging data analysis: Applications, challenges, and solutions26 October 2022 | Frontiers in Neuroimaging, Vol. 1The neuropsychological correlates of (sluggish) cognitive tempo scales in school-aged children25 October 2022 | Child Neuropsychology, Vol. 60Profiles of executive functioning and neuroticism in emerging adulthood: Concurrent associations with psychopathology and health-related quality of life24 October 2022 | Journal of American College Health, Vol. 2A call for renewed attention to construct validity and measurement in psychopathology research21 October 2022 | Psychological Medicine, Vol. 3Pathways to depression: Dynamic associations between neural responses to appetitive cues in the environment, stress, and the development of illness18 October 2022 | Psychophysiology, Vol. 30Subjective reward processing and catechol-O- methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism as potential research domain criteria in addiction: A pilot study14 October 2022 | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 13A Predictive Biomarker Model Using Quantitative Electroencephalogra
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000062723
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy:
|
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This book first appeared in 1970 and has gone into two further editions, one in 1975 and this one in 1985. Yalom is also the author of Existential Psychotherapy (1980), In-patient Group Psychotherapy (1983), the co-author with Lieberman of Encounter Groups: First Facts (1973) and with Elkin of Every Day Gets a Little Closer: A Twice-Told Therapy (1974) (which recounts the course of therapy from the patient's and the therapist's viewpoint). The present book is the central work of the set and seems to me the most substantial. It is also one of the most readable of his works because of its straightforward style and the liberal use of clinical examples.
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/11327-000
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
Group psychology and the analysis of the ego.
|
[
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"display_name": "Social psychology",
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The question he addresses here is, What are the emotional bonds that hold collective entities, such as an army and a church, together? It is a fruitful question, and Freud offers some interesting answers. But Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego stands chiefly as an invitation to further psychoanalytic exploration.
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/1314757
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
The Political Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act
|
[
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"display_name": "Aesthetics",
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be obvious that no work in the area of narrative analysis can afford to ignore the fundamental contributions of Northrop Frye, the codifica tion by A. J. Greimas of the whole Formalist and semiotic traditions, the heritage of a certain Christian hermeneutics, and above all, the indispensable explorations by Freud of the logic of dreams, and by Claude Levi-Strauss of the logic of "primitive" storytelling and pensee sauvage, not to speak of the flawed yet monumental achievements in this area of the greatest Marxist philosopher of modern times, Georg Lukacs.These divergent and unequal bodies of work are here interro gated and evaluated from the perspective of the specific critical and interpretive task of the present volume, namely to restructure the prob lematics of ideology, of the unconscious and of desire, of representa tion, of history, and of cultural production, around the all-informing process of narrative, which I take to be (here using the shorthand of philosophical idealism) the central function or instance of the human
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1192439
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
A Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind
|
[
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] |
The iPhone Hap App reveals that wandering thoughts lead to unhappiness.
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181813228
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
Handbook of Cultural Psychology
|
[
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] |
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease: August 2008 - Volume 196 - Issue 8 - p 652-653 doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181813228
|
C11171543
|
Psychoanalysis
|
https://doi.org/10.2307/2505151
|
psychological theory that was founded in 1890 by the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud
|
The Political Unconscious. Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Unconscious mind",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115786838",
"level": 2,
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"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192105"
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"level": 0,
"score": 0.48079363,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201"
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{
"display_name": "The Symbolic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776095079",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44618788,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489538"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44378662,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychoanalysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11171543",
"level": 1,
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.40082908,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.34304744,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.31376547,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418"
}
] |
be obvious that no work in the area of narrative analysis can afford to ignore the fundamental contributions of Northrop Frye, the codifica tion by A. J. Greimas of the whole Formalist and semiotic traditions, the heritage of a certain Christian hermeneutics, and above all, the indispensable explorations by Freud of the logic of dreams, and by Claude Levi-Strauss of the logic of "primitive" storytelling and pensee sauvage, not to speak of the flawed yet monumental achievements in this area of the greatest Marxist philosopher of modern times, Georg Lukacs.These divergent and unequal bodies of work are here interro gated and evaluated from the perspective of the specific critical and interpretive task of the present volume, namely to restructure the prob lematics of ideology, of the unconscious and of desire, of representa tion, of history, and of cultural production, around the all-informing process of narrative, which I take to be (here using the shorthand of philosophical idealism) the central function or instance of the human
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1086/498708
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)
|
[
{
"display_name": "Sky",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73329638",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.9360193,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.79846114,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Point source",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103783831",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7350284,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2552709"
},
{
"display_name": "Celestial sphere",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C186467627",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.63269556,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12134"
},
{
"display_name": "Astronomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1276947",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4885598,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333"
},
{
"display_name": "Astrophysics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C44870925",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.464847,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547"
},
{
"display_name": "Infrared astronomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79499522",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.43922606,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899970"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41968048,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Calibration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C165838908",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41251698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777"
},
{
"display_name": "Infrared",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158355884",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.39844805,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388"
}
] |
Between 1997 June and 2001 February the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) collected 25.4 Tbytes of raw imaging data covering 99.998% of the celestial sphere in the near-infrared J (1.25 μm), H (1.65 μm), and Ks (2.16 μm) bandpasses. Observations were conducted from two dedicated 1.3 m diameter telescopes located at Mount Hopkins, Arizona, and Cerro Tololo, Chile. The 7.8 s of integration time accumulated for each point on the sky and strict quality control yielded a 10 σ point-source detection level of better than 15.8, 15.1, and 14.3 mag at the J, H, and Ks bands, respectively, for virtually the entire sky. Bright source extractions have 1 σ photometric uncertainty of <0.03 mag and astrometric accuracy of order 100 mas. Calibration offsets between any two points in the sky are <0.02 mag. The 2MASS All-Sky Data Release includes 4.1 million compressed FITS images covering the entire sky, 471 million source extractions in a Point Source Catalog, and 1.6 million objects identified as extended in an Extended Source Catalog.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone
|
[
{
"display_name": "Geospatial analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9770341",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8461479,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983"
},
{
"display_name": "Cloud computing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7460577,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639"
},
{
"display_name": "Scale (ratio)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778755073",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6137781,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5941355,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Earth observation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39399123",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.59266406,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989"
},
{
"display_name": "Variety (cybernetics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136197465",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58022267,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295"
},
{
"display_name": "Deforestation (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777399953",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.54135484,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155658"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5380892,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Field (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42023337,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109"
},
{
"display_name": "Data science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4191085,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463"
},
{
"display_name": "Earth science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1965285",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.32870555,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8008"
}
] |
Google Earth Engine is a cloud-based platform for planetary-scale geospatial analysis that brings Google's massive computational capabilities to bear on a variety of high-impact societal issues including deforestation, drought, disaster, disease, food security, water management, climate monitoring and environmental protection. It is unique in the field as an integrated platform designed to empower not only traditional remote sensing scientists, but also a much wider audience that lacks the technical capacity needed to utilize traditional supercomputers or large-scale commodity cloud computing resources.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated
|
[
{
"display_name": "Geiger counter",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C88033656",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7086859,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48171"
},
{
"display_name": "Climate zones",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994001127",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.57114047,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267474"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.48624507,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.46155855,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.41870433,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Climatology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49204034",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.37237594,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.3628288,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
}
] |
The most frequently used climate classification map is that of Wladimir Köppen, presented in its latest version 1961 by Rudolf Geiger.A huge number of climate studies and subsequent publications adopted this or a former release of the Köppen-Geiger map.While the climate classification concept has been widely applied to a broad range of topics in climate and climate change research as well as in physical geography, hydrology, agriculture, biology and educational aspects, a well-documented update of the world climate classification map is still missing.Based on recent data sets from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia and the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) at the German Weather Service, we present here a new digital Köppen-Geiger world map on climate classification, valid for the second half of the 20 th century.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005rg000183
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
|
[
{
"display_name": "Shuttle Radar Topography Mission",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184149073",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.8164477,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965136"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.72698414,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Radar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C554190296",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6909659,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528"
},
{
"display_name": "Space Shuttle",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106125477",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6302801,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48806"
},
{
"display_name": "Digital elevation model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C181843262",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48509705,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492"
},
{
"display_name": "Radar imaging",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10929652",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48331404,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985"
},
{
"display_name": "Geology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.46204042,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.35791484,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission produced the most complete, highest‐resolution digital elevation model of the Earth. The project was a joint endeavor of NASA, the National Geospatial‐Intelligence Agency, and the German and Italian Space Agencies and flew in February 2000. It used dual radar antennas to acquire interferometric radar data, processed to digital topographic data at 1 arc sec resolution. Details of the development, flight operations, data processing, and products are provided for users of this revolutionary data set.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1868
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
THE WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY EXPLORER (WISE): MISSION DESCRIPTION AND INITIAL ON-ORBIT PERFORMANCE
|
[
{
"display_name": "Sky",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73329638",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.85666704,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527"
},
{
"display_name": "Observatory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779919027",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7572415,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecliptic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193587279",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.67873985,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79852"
},
{
"display_name": "Zodiacal light",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155832589",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.59137714,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204079"
},
{
"display_name": "Astronomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1276947",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.58156955,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5599077,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5043682,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413"
},
{
"display_name": "Satellite",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19269812",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4775242,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540"
}
] |
The all sky surveys done by the Palomar Observatory Schmidt, the European Southern Observatory Schmidt, and the United Kingdom Schmidt, the InfraRed Astronomical Satellite, and the Two Micron All Sky Survey have proven to be extremely useful tools for astronomy with value that lasts for decades. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) is mapping the whole sky following its launch on 2009 December 14. WISE began surveying the sky on 2010 January 14 and completed its first full coverage of the sky on July 17. The survey will continue to cover the sky a second time until the cryogen is exhausted (anticipated in 2010 November). WISE is achieving 5σ point source sensitivities better than 0.08, 0.11, 1, and 6 mJy in unconfused regions on the ecliptic in bands centered at wavelengths of 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22 μm. Sensitivity improves toward the ecliptic poles due to denser coverage and lower zodiacal background. The angular resolution is 61, 64, 65, and 120 at 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22 μm, and the astrometric precision for high signal-to-noise sources is better than 015.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/10106048709354084
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
Introductory digital image processing: A remote sensing perspective
|
[
{
"display_name": "Perspective (graphical)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7566714,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.59574753,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Digital image processing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104317675",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5229776,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.49336877,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
},
{
"display_name": "Image processing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C9417928",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45476204,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.4486053,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer vision",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31972630",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.44178402,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer graphics (images)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121684516",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4343931,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677"
},
{
"display_name": "Image (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C115961682",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.35382277,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.34058416,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660"
},
{
"display_name": "Cartography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.34031755,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515"
}
] |
For junior/graduate-level courses in Remote Sensing in Geography, Geology, Forestry, and Biology. Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing Perspective focuses on digital image processing of aircraft- and satellite-derived, remotely sensed data for Earth resource management applications. Extensively illustrated, it explains how to extract biophysical information from remote sensor data for almost all multidisciplinary land-based environmental projects. Part of the Pearson Series Geographic Information Science. Now in full color, the Fourth Edition provides up-to-date information on analytical methods used to analyze digital remote sensing data. Each chapter contains a substantive reference list that can be used by students and scientists as a starting place for their digital image processing project or research. A new appendix provides sources of imagery and other geospatial information.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-85-3-381
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
The Global Land Data Assimilation System
|
[
{
"display_name": "Data assimilation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24552861",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.9176898,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177"
},
{
"display_name": "Hydrometeorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100725284",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.67150486,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045317"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.6692844,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Forcing (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C197115733",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5381454,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136"
},
{
"display_name": "Satellite",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19269812",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.50992,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5038418,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261"
},
{
"display_name": "Precipitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107054158",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45615804,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257"
},
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4280898,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Climate model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168754636",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.41628698,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920"
},
{
"display_name": "Assimilation (phonology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C75649859",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.41259533,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148877"
},
{
"display_name": "Climatology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49204034",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.39706662,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.37606376,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198"
}
] |
A Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) has been developed. Its purpose is to ingest satellite- and ground-based observational data products, using advanced land surface modeling and data assimilation techniques, in order to generate optimal fields of land surface states and fluxes. GLDAS is unique in that it is an uncoupled land surface modeling system that drives multiple models, integrates a huge quantity of observation-based data, runs globally at high resolution (0.25°), and produces results in near–real time (typically within 48 h of the present). GLDAS is also a test bed for innovative modeling and assimilation capabilities. A vegetation-based “tiling” approach is used to simulate subgrid-scale variability, with a 1-km global vegetation dataset as its basis. Soil and elevation parameters are based on high-resolution global datasets. Observation-based precipitation and downward radiation and output fields from the best available global coupled atmospheric data assimilation systems are employed as forcing data. The high-quality, global land surface fields provided by GLDAS will be used to initialize weather and climate prediction models and will promote various hydrometeorological studies and applications. The ongoing GLDAS archive (started in 2001) of modeled and observed, global, surface meteorological data, parameter maps, and output is publicly available.
|
C62649853
|
Remote sensing
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600589179
|
acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, especially the Earth
|
Modification of normalised difference water index (NDWI) to enhance open water features in remotely sensed imagery
|
[
{
"display_name": "Remote sensing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.59715396,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.53935975,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847"
},
{
"display_name": "Thematic Mapper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775938548",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.5080099,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1565182"
},
{
"display_name": "Open water",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2988608701",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.49564636,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3329332"
},
{
"display_name": "Index (typography)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777382242",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48095503,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816"
},
{
"display_name": "Satellite imagery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778102629",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4742305,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252"
},
{
"display_name": "Geology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.34128165,
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069"
}
] |
This research seeks to identify the change of the Amazon River channel between 2015 and 2022 and its effects through analysis and modeling of the dynamics of the water body, on the banks and surrounding plains, with emphasis on the municipality of Puerto Nariño.The municipality, as documented, has been directly exposed to the riverbed since 2020 due to the loss of a natural barrier, and the analyses carried out in this research contribute to risk management studies and land use plans that carry out prevention plans for the identified areas which, according to the natural behavior of the river, will be eroded areas in the future, with constant landslides and destabilized trees of great magnitude that represent a danger for the surrounding populations.The present research makes use of Geographic Information Systems applied to Landsat 8 satellite images with processing level 2 and the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index MNDWI, whose classification of water bodies over any other coverage is more effective than the classification achieved with the NDWI index, which facilitated the identification of the channel for the modeling of the dynamics in the proposed years
|
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