text
stringlengths 57
1.72k
| relation
stringclasses 125
values | h
dict | t
dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the disappearance of glutathione most probably results from the reaction : 2 gsh + trinitrobenzenesulfonate leads to gssg + aminodinitrobenzenesulfonate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
77,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
117,
121
]
} |
biosynthetic labelling was more sensitive than protein staining for some components , although the mature neutrophils did not synthesis certain cellular proteins ( e.g. , granule proteins such as lactoferrin ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
126,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
179,
187
]
} |
the most abundant protein within the influenza virus particles is membrane protein ( m protein ) which forms an inner virus membrane under a lipid bilayer and plays the role of mediator during the process of assembly of a virus particle on plasma membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
18,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0025252",
"name": "membrane",
"pos": [
247,
255
]
} |
sds-page analysis of rna duplexes formed after hybridization of intracellular labeled mrnas and unlabeled virion rna showed that the mrna for m protein was synthesized in eat nearly in the same amounts as in productively infected chicken fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "eat",
"pos": [
171,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
238,
249
]
} |
the experiments were carried out on isolated strips of the myocardium of the right atrium and on papillary muscles of the right ventricle from 11 subjects aged 5 to 87 years who died in car accidents , from asphyxia , co poisoning , ischemic heart disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0011065",
"name": "died",
"pos": [
178,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0004044",
"name": "asphyxia",
"pos": [
207,
215
]
} |
it was ascertained that the chronoinotropy of human heart strips as well as the reaction to adrenaline , noradrenaline and acetylcholine were similar to those obtained in animal experiments . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
92,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
105,
118
]
} |
explantation of suspensions of the cells isolated from the guinea-pig thymus by mechanical treatment leads to the formation in monolayer cultures of discrete fibroblast colonies , meanwhile explantation of the cells obtained by trypsinization results in fibroblast colonies apart from foci of the epithelium . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
35,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
254,
264
]
} |
the bleeding tendency , due to a storage-pool disorder of the chediak-higashi platelets , was unaffected by treatment with ascorbate . | NA | {
"id": "C0005779",
"name": "bleeding tendency",
"pos": [
4,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0032197",
"name": "storage-pool disorder",
"pos": [
33,
54
]
} |
1 segments of guinea-pig ileum and the myenteric plexus-longitudinal smooth muscle preparation were used for a study of the actions of adrenaline , noradrenaline , isoprenaline , ephedrine and phenylephrine on the responses of coaxially stimulated ileum at different distances from the ileocaecal valve.2 the responses of the ileum to electrical stimulation were suppressed by adrenaline , nonadrenaline and ephedrine , while phenylephrine and isoprenaline inhibited them only partially.3 the twitch inhibition elicited by these adrenoceptor agonists was the same at all distances from the ileocaecal valve . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
148,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
393,
403
]
} |
adrenaline and noradrenaline evoked smooth muscle contraction in the terminal ( 0 to 20 cm ) , a concentration-dependent , biphasic response in the intermediate part ( 21 to 50 cm ) and a relaxation in the proximal ileum ( > 50 cm from the ilecocaecal valve ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
15,
28
]
} |
potassium chloride pretreatment did not change the character of the adrenoceptor agonist action of the agonists studied.7 since there is a similar prejunctional action at all distances from the ileocaecal valve and a different postjunctional effect of the adrenoceptor agonists at different distances from the ileocaecal junction , it could be suggested that in the guinea-pig ileum there are at least two alpha-adrenoceptors ( inhibitory prejunctional-alpha ( 2 ) , stimulatory postjunctional-alpha ( 1 ) ) , an inhibitory postjunctional beta-adrenoceptor and an as yet uncharacterized inhibitory postjunctional receptor.8 based on the specific postjunctional action of phenylephrine and the prejunctional action of ephedrine in the guinea-pig ileum , these drugs could be used with success as ; specific ' alpha ( 1 ) - and alpha ( 2 ) -adrenoceptor stimulants . | NA | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
406,
425
]
} | {
"id": "C0001639",
"name": "alpha ( 2",
"pos": [
453,
462
]
} |
4 two groups of agonists could be distinguished : one group consisting of adrenaline , noradrenaline and the b1-selective agonist prenalterol ( h133/22 ) with a high enzyme discharge potency and a second group consisting of the beta 2-agonists , terbutaline and salbutamol , with a markedly lower effect . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
87,
100
]
} |
5 dipyridamole-asa combinations with asa doses between 0.5 and 0.8 mg/kg inhibited txb2 production by 48 to 74 % and with the asa doses between 2.6 and 5.7 mg/kg by about 90 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0732279",
"name": "dipyridamole-asa",
"pos": [
2,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0004057",
"name": "asa",
"pos": [
126,
129
]
} |
3 the effect of concanavalin a is weakly antagonized by lanthanum but strongly inhibited by higher lanthanides . | NA | {
"id": "C0023031",
"name": "lanthanum",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0205838",
"name": "lanthanides",
"pos": [
99,
110
]
} |
6 comparison of baclofen with a number of other substances indicates that the depression of noncholinergic , excitatory , synaptic responses is unlikely to involve an interaction of this agent with receptors for monoamines , 5-hydroxytryptamine or the inhibitory amino acids , gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycine . | NA | {
"id": "C0004609",
"name": "baclofen",
"pos": [
16,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0016904",
"name": "gamma-aminobutyric acid",
"pos": [
277,
300
]
} |
6 comparison of baclofen with a number of other substances indicates that the depression of noncholinergic , excitatory , synaptic responses is unlikely to involve an interaction of this agent with receptors for monoamines , 5-hydroxytryptamine or the inhibitory amino acids , gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
263,
274
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
305,
312
]
} |
ten healthy middle-aged women volunteered for a study to test the effect of lactulose -- a synthetic , non-absorbable disaccharide -- on the colonic metabolism of bile acids and on bile lipid composition . | NA | {
"id": "C0022957",
"name": "lactulose",
"pos": [
76,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0012611",
"name": "disaccharide",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} |
all subjects showed a fall in the percentage of the 7-alpha-dehydroxylated bile acid deoxycholic acid ( mean 28.4 +/- sem 3.7 to 15.6 +/- 2.4 ; p less than 0.002 ) and a rise in the percentage of the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid ( mean 33.2 +/- 42.9 +/- 2.9 ; p less than 0.001 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0011479",
"name": "acid deoxycholic",
"pos": [
80,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0008024",
"name": "acid chenodeoxycholic",
"pos": [
213,
234
]
} |
after injections of lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase ( wga-hrp ) which were wholly confined to the striatum , the gp exhibited reaction product characteristic of both retrograde and anterograde transport of marker . | NA | {
"id": "C0019941",
"name": "horseradish peroxidase",
"pos": [
38,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0078473",
"name": "wga-hrp",
"pos": [
63,
70
]
} |
a cytophotometric study of the nuclear dna content of bat cerebellar and olfactory bulbar neurons was performed with particular attention to corrections for distributional error and non-specific light loss and to selection of appropriate control nuclei for the establishment of reliable haploid and diploid dna values . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
307,
310
]
} |
studies of the kinetics of product inhibitions of glutaminase activity of rat brain cortical homogenates incubated in krebs-ringer medium in presence of the activating anion phosphate show that whereas ammonium acts competitively with respect to l-glutamine , l-glutamate acts non-competitively . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
168,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
174,
183
]
} |
the majority of the acid extractable proteins of rodent pns myelin are mbp related as shown by mbp-ria . | NA | {
"id": "C0026972",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
37,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0014063",
"name": "mbp",
"pos": [
95,
98
]
} |
cells were then examined for their sensitivity to microiontophoretic applications of gaba , glycine and 3 related amino acids , i.e . beta-guanidinopropionic acid , delta-aminovaleric acid and beta-alanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
114,
125
]
} |
bicuculline and picrotoxin produced a selective and reversible antagonism of depressions evoked by gaba and gaba-like amino acids whereas strychnine produced a selective and reversible antagonism of depressions evoked by glycine and beta-alanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
118,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
221,
228
]
} |
the anesthetic-sedative barbiturate pentobarbital ( pb ) and the anticonvulsant barbiturate phenobarbital ( phb ) were applied to mammalian spinal cord neurons in primary dissociated cell culture to assess their effects on : ( 1 ) postsynaptic gaba-responses ; | NA | {
"id": "C0030883",
"name": "pentobarbital",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0004745",
"name": "barbiturate",
"pos": [
80,
91
]
} |
the effects of pyridoxal phosphate , pyridoxine and hydrazine were studied on homocysteine-induced seizures in mice . | NA | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
15,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0034272",
"name": "pyridoxine",
"pos": [
37,
47
]
} |
cell suspensions of methane-utilizing bacteria oxidized n-alkanes ( propane , butane , pentane , and hexane ) to their corresponding alcohols and methyl ketones . | NA | {
"id": "C0002065",
"name": "alkanes",
"pos": [
58,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0033434",
"name": "propane",
"pos": [
68,
75
]
} |
evidence obtained indicates that the hydroxylation of n-alkanes ( both terminal and subterminal oxidations ) is also catalyzed by the methane hydroxylation - alkene epoxidation enzyme system . | NA | {
"id": "C0002065",
"name": "alkanes",
"pos": [
56,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0025617",
"name": "methane",
"pos": [
134,
141
]
} |
these activities coelute from deae-cellulose at ph 7.2 , but may be differentiated by their behaviour on cm-cellulose at ph 5.8 . | NA | {
"id": "C0011050",
"name": "deae-cellulose",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0007648",
"name": "cellulose",
"pos": [
108,
117
]
} |
under comparable experimental conditions of severe anaerobic corrosion , stainless steel was found to be over 200 times more resistant than mild steel . | NA | {
"id": "C0038126",
"name": "stainless steel",
"pos": [
73,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0038239",
"name": "steel",
"pos": [
145,
150
]
} |
sixteen hydrazine derivatives ( hydrazine , 1,1-dimethylhydrazine , 1,2-dimethylhydrazine , phenylhydrazine , procarbazine , isoniazid , isocarboxazid , nialamide , 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine , phenelzine , hydralazine , dihydralazine , carbamylhydrazine , mebanazine , iproniazid , and 1-carbamyl-2-phenylhydrazine ) were tested for dna-damaging activity by the alkaline elution technique and for mutagenic activity in the salmonella-microsome ( ames ) test . | NA | {
"id": "C0020223",
"name": "hydralazine",
"pos": [
207,
218
]
} | {
"id": "C0012271",
"name": "dihydralazine",
"pos": [
221,
234
]
} |
when a larger amount of water was loaded which could not be compensated by restriction of water drinking , serum sodium concentrations were markedly decreased . | NA | {
"id": "C0043047",
"name": "water",
"pos": [
24,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0599638",
"name": "water drinking",
"pos": [
90,
104
]
} |
the effects of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( tpa ) on the sarc protein kinase of normal chick embryo fibroblasts ( cef ) and of the src kinase of cells transformed by a temperature-sensitive mutant of avian sarcoma virus ( cef-tsasv ) were studied and compared with the known effects of tpa on cell morphology and plasminogen activator ( pa ) activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
155,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "cef",
"pos": [
232,
235
]
} |
although tpa induced levels of pa in cef which were equivalent to those produced by cef-tsasv grown at 36 degrees , the latter cells contained much higher levels of kinase activity than those of cef plus tpa . | NA | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "pa",
"pos": [
10,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tpa",
"pos": [
204,
207
]
} |
although tpa induced levels of pa in cef which were equivalent to those produced by cef-tsasv grown at 36 degrees , the latter cells contained much higher levels of kinase activity than those of cef plus tpa . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
127,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "cef",
"pos": [
195,
198
]
} |
these results suggest that the effects of tpa on morphology and pa are not due to an effect on these protein kinases . | NA | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tpa",
"pos": [
42,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "pa",
"pos": [
64,
66
]
} |
analysis of the nuclear proteins by isoelectric focusing revealed a distribution of protein in the ph gradient with two prominent bands of proteins , one focusing at ph 5 and the other at ph 11 , both of which bound significant amounts of the carcinogen . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear",
"pos": [
16,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
139,
147
]
} |
the acid-soluble proteins from the nuclear preparation were analyzed by isoelectric focusing , and the results also revealed two peaks of protein and radioactivity at ph 's of 5 and 11 . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
17,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
138,
145
]
} |
selenium administration as sodium selenite was shown to be more effective in increasing the longevity of l1210-inoculated mice than was treatment with sodium selenate , selenocystine , or selenomethionine . | NA | {
"id": "C0036581",
"name": "selenium",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0074765",
"name": "sodium",
"pos": [
151,
157
]
} |
in contrast to the serum form of placental alkaline phosphatase , the jar cell enzyme was highly hydrophobic as determined by octyl agarose chromatography and appeared to be larger than the placental isoenzyme based on gel filtration and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
79,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
200,
209
]
} |
in contrast , sarcoma-producing cells were fibroblastic and cohesive , produced extracellular matrix , and transformed morphologically after longer and less well-defined periods in culture . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
32,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblastic",
"pos": [
43,
55
]
} |
both cholesterol and lanosterol were synthesized by growing hl-60 cells , but cholesterol esters were not . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesterol esters",
"pos": [
78,
96
]
} |
we have utilized a recently developed human tumor cloning system to screen for antitumor effects in vitro of a new anthracenedione derivative , mitoxantrone . | NA | {
"id": "C0003174",
"name": "anthracenedione",
"pos": [
115,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0026259",
"name": "mitoxantrone",
"pos": [
144,
156
]
} |
these results suggest that aldehyde-metabolizing enzymes present in homogenate may interfere with the amount of delta 1-pyrroline formation and that the use of acetaldehyde may give better information on tissue diamine oxidase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0001992",
"name": "aldehyde",
"pos": [
27,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0000966",
"name": "acetaldehyde",
"pos": [
160,
172
]
} |
the decrease in protein synthesis was more or less selective , since the synthesis of basic proteins was considerably decreased and was influenced more than were neutral and acidic proteins in both cancer and starvation . | NA | {
"id": "C0034861",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
181,
189
]
} |
indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with an anti-lets antiserum substantiated these observations and further indicated that lets-bearing cells of cerebellum maintained in vitro are probably of endothelial and fibroblastic origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
140,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblastic",
"pos": [
212,
224
]
} |
to assess the validity of thallium-201 myocardial imaging in the diagnosis of nontransmural ischemia and infarction , the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery was partially occluded for 60 minutes with a balloon-tip catheter in intact anesthetized dogs in a basal state or during atrial pacing . | NA | {
"id": "C0022116",
"name": "ischemia",
"pos": [
92,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0021308",
"name": "infarction",
"pos": [
105,
115
]
} |
the intermediate filament proteins , desmin and vimentin , are phosphorylated in skeletal muscle cells in vivo . | NA | {
"id": "C0021769",
"name": "intermediate filament proteins",
"pos": [
4,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0042666",
"name": "vimentin",
"pos": [
48,
56
]
} |
in the sv40-transformed mouse embryo fibroblast cell line svt2/s , genomic rearrangements involving the sv40 dna and flanking host sequences were identified by southern blot hybridization using viral dna as probe . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
109,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
194,
203
]
} |
these results suggested that the terminal repeat sequences of rsv dna did not necessarily provide a specific integration site for viral dna during transfection . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
66,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
149,
150
]
} |
in addition , cell lines transformed by integrated rsv dnas contained both the rsv genomes and flanking cellular sequences of the parental cell lines , indicating that integration of integrated viral dna during transfection occurred by recombinational events within flanking cellular dna sequences rather than at the terminal of viral dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
55,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
329,
338
]
} |
simultaneously , tpa also stimulates a 10-20 fold increase in the synthesis and secretion of the serine protease plasminogen activator ( pa ) ; | NA | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tpa",
"pos": [
17,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen",
"pos": [
113,
124
]
} |
however , the inhibition of pa synthesis by cycloheximide does not prevent the morphological changes or the increased tight junctional permeability , suggesting that pa is not involved in these early tpa-induced events . | NA | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "pa",
"pos": [
28,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0032143",
"name": "tpa",
"pos": [
200,
203
]
} |
the repetitive sequences of nuclear rna which are released into the cytoplasm in animals fed the azocarcinogen can no longer be found in the chromatin in the form of small rna molecules . | NA | {
"id": "C0035700",
"name": "nuclear rna",
"pos": [
28,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
172,
175
]
} |
in vivo alkylation of yoshida sarcoma cell dna by 3h-labelled 1,2:5,6-dianhydrogalactitol ( dag ) yielded n-7 monogalactitylguanines and 1,6-di- ( guanin-7-yl ) -galactitol , similar to the alkylated products obtained by in vitro reaction of dna with dianhydrogalactitol in neutral solution . | NA | {
"id": "C0013283",
"name": "galactitol",
"pos": [
79,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0011967",
"name": "dianhydrogalactitol",
"pos": [
251,
270
]
} |
observations on four families with blind parents and young sighted children showed that relations between the children and their parents were remarkably little affected by the parents ' handicap . | NA | {
"id": "C0728836",
"name": "young",
"pos": [
53,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0008059",
"name": "children",
"pos": [
110,
118
]
} |
scg as ( i ) a micronized powder with lactose , ( ii ) micropellets without lactose , or ( iii ) an aerosol , were inhaled double-blind , in random order , 5 min before the additional three allergen inhalation tests . | NA | {
"id": "C0978081",
"name": "powder",
"pos": [
26,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0022949",
"name": "lactose",
"pos": [
76,
83
]
} |
plasma and erythrocyte na+ and k+ and erythrocyte membrane ( em ) na+ , k+ atpase , mg2+ atpase and ca2+ , mg2+ atpase activities were studied in four groups of women -- non-pregnant , normal pregnant , with pregnancy edema ( pe ) and with pregnancy induced hypertension ( pih ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
75,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0001477",
"name": "mg2",
"pos": [
107,
110
]
} |
the functional significance of these results are discussed in relation to observations on other placental proteins and proteins with affinity to heparin . | NA | {
"id": "C0032974",
"name": "placental proteins",
"pos": [
96,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
119,
127
]
} |
igm-restricted production of immunoglobulin by lymphoid cell lines from patients with immunodeficiency with hyper igm ( dysgammaglobulinemia ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0272236",
"name": "with immunodeficiency",
"pos": [
81,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0013374",
"name": "dysgammaglobulinemia",
"pos": [
120,
140
]
} |
age and liver disease have a minimal influence on oxazepam kinetics , but renal disease is associated with a prolonged half-life and increased volume of distribution . | NA | {
"id": "C0022702",
"name": "kinetics",
"pos": [
59,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0018517",
"name": "half-life",
"pos": [
119,
128
]
} |
in more than half of 67 patients suspected of having pheochromocytoma , glucagon stimulation increased plasma free norepinephrine ( ne ) and epinephrine ( e ) 50 % or more , with rising blood pressure or pulse rate ; | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
115,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} |
the increasing use of primary double-contrast barium enemas in patients with inflammatory bowel disease has led to enthusiastic reports concerning the differentiation of ulcerative colitis and crohn 's disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0021390",
"name": "inflammatory bowel disease",
"pos": [
77,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0010346",
"name": "crohn 's disease",
"pos": [
193,
209
]
} |
early angiography , in patients with extensive pelvic trauma and major blood requirements , with intent to embolise any identifiable bleeding source would appear to be the best initial manoeuvre to prevent exsanguination . | NA | {
"id": "C0019080",
"name": "bleeding",
"pos": [
133,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0232100",
"name": "exsanguination",
"pos": [
206,
220
]
} |
during eight experiments , ca++ activity changes were monitored in response to sodium citrate infusions simulating infusion of 1 , 2 , or 4 units of citrate preserved blood per 6 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0142825",
"name": "sodium",
"pos": [
79,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0008857",
"name": "citrate",
"pos": [
149,
156
]
} |
a comparison of cefamandole , cefoxitin , cefuroxime , cefotaxime and cefoperazone : an in vitro test on a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of 9 species and 1 genus of bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0007541",
"name": "cefamandole",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cefoperazone",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} |
a comparison of cefamandole , cefoxitin , cefuroxime , cefotaxime and cefoperazone : an in vitro test on a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of 9 species and 1 genus of bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0007562",
"name": "cefuroxime",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
55,
65
]
} |
the sensitivity of a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of enterobacter aerogenes , enterobacter cloacae , enterobacter species , escherichia coli , haemophilus influenzae , klebsiella pneumoniae , proteus mirabilis , proteus vulgaris , pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens to cefamandole , cefoxitin , cefuroxime , cefotaxime and cefoperazone was determined in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0007541",
"name": "cefamandole",
"pos": [
295,
306
]
} | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cefoperazone",
"pos": [
349,
361
]
} |
the sensitivity of a number of beta-lactamase producing strains of enterobacter aerogenes , enterobacter cloacae , enterobacter species , escherichia coli , haemophilus influenzae , klebsiella pneumoniae , proteus mirabilis , proteus vulgaris , pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens to cefamandole , cefoxitin , cefuroxime , cefotaxime and cefoperazone was determined in vitro . | NA | {
"id": "C0007562",
"name": "cefuroxime",
"pos": [
321,
331
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
334,
344
]
} |
biologic activities of biosynthetic human insulin in healthy volunteers and insulin-dependent diabetic patients monitored by the artificial endocrine pancreas . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
76,
83
]
} |
this study investigates and compares biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) and purified pork insulin , in healthy volunteers and in insulin-dependent diabetic patients , in terms of biologic action , capacity for controlling diabetic patients , and the requirements of the patients on each insulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
50,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
287,
294
]
} |
but to prevent hypoglycemia , it can in addition , infuse glucose below a certain blood glucose minimum . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
58,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
88,
95
]
} |
bhi regular ( 10 iu ) or purified pork insulin ( ppi ) ( 10 iu ) was injected subcutaneously to evaluate the insulin action profile . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} |
in six insulin-dependent diabetic subjects , we investigated whether differences between biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) and pork insulin are present as measured by an automatic glucose controlled insulin infusion system ( gciis ) ( biostator ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
7,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
102,
115
]
} |
the results show that bhi does not reveal any differences with regard to the basal food-independent and food-dependent insulin requirement compared to pork insulin in insulin-requiring diabetic subjects . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
22,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
167,
174
]
} |
delayed food-dependent initial rise in blood sugar and insulin during physical work , which was observed with bhi , does not show any differences in the integral over 180 min . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
110,
113
]
} |
to assess the biologic activity of biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) synthesized by escherichia coli , six insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetic subjects were studied with bhi and natural pork insulin , by means of the glucose controlled insulin infusion system ( gciis ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
48,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
177,
180
]
} |
in this report clinical and immunologic data of a female diabetic patient with immediate-type allergy against insulin preparations of different species , including pancreatic human insulin , biosynthetic human insulin and semisynthetic human insulin are described . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin preparations",
"pos": [
110,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
236,
249
]
} |
an identical behavior was found for bhi and pancreatic human insulin as standard preparation and for a14-mono-labeled bhi and pork insulin as tracer in the insulin radioimmunoassay . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
36,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
156,
163
]
} |
from these data we conclude tht bhi , both in vitro and in vivo , exhibits the same biologic properties as pancreatic insulin , and that it is reasonable to continue extensive testing of bhi in man , since identical metabolic effects and immunologic reactions are to be anticipated as with purified pancreatic insulin preparations of human or animal origin . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
118,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "insulin preparations",
"pos": [
310,
330
]
} |
binding of biosynthetic human insulin to erythrocytes of normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects : comparison with pork and human pancreatic insulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human",
"pos": [
131,
136
]
} |
biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) was compared with highly purified human pancreatic and pork insulin with regard to its ability to bind to erythrocytes of normal and insulin-dependent diabetic subjects ( type i diabetes ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
13,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
168,
175
]
} |
internalization of 125i-insulin by im-9 cultured human lymphocytes : a comparison between a14-monoiodo-pork and biosynthetic human insulin . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
125,
138
]
} |
insulin binding to receptors , insulin action , and cellular insulin metabolism were studied using biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
112,
125
]
} |
thus , these results demonstrate that bhi has full biologic activity , is metabolized normally , and should produce the full insulin effect when administered to diabetic patients . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
38,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
125,
132
]
} |
biosynthetic human insulin ( bhi ) was compared to pancreatic human insulin and sperm whale insulin in terms of ability to stimulate incorporation of glucose into isolated rat adipocytes and thymidine into dna in chick embryo fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulin",
"pos": [
13,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} |
the two human insulins behaved identically ( and agreed with previous findings for sperm whale insulin ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "human insulins",
"pos": [
8,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
95,
102
]
} |
if further studies support these suggestions , the use of bhi may be able to provide better glycemic control and more near normal plasma insulin profiles during treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes than can be achieved with presently available insulin preparations . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
58,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
247,
254
]
} |
however , bhi appears to offer no advantage over presently available ppi in terms of prevention and treatment of insulin lipodystrophy , insulin allergy , and immune insulin resistance . | NA | {
"id": "C0795635",
"name": "bhi",
"pos": [
10,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
166,
173
]
} |
the 24-h urine glucose , maximal glucose excursions , number of blood glucoses less than or equal to 40 mg/dl , and glycosylated hemoglobin decreased significantly in some patients on the pump . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
15,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucoses",
"pos": [
64,
78
]
} |
antisera raised in guinea pigs reacted particularly strongly with gli , and antibodies derived from one particular animal yielded practically identical dilution curves with glucagon and gli . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
76,
86
]
} |
plasma norepinephrine , epinephrine , and dopamine concentrations in maternal and fetal sheep during spontaneous parturition and in premature sheep during cortisol-induced parturition . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
7,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
24,
35
]
} |
we have correlated catecholamine [ ca ; i.e . norepinephrine ( ne ) , dopamine ( da ) , and epinephrine ( e ) ] turnover rates in discrete hypothalamic nuclei and in the median eminence ( me ) , with concentration changes in me lhrh and serum lh , fsh , prl , estradiol , and progesterone levels at various times during proestrus and diestrous day 1 in 4-day cyclic rats . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
46,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} |
neuron-like cells as well as fibroblast , glial , and ependymal-like cells demonstrated characteristic morphological features which distinguished them from one another . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
29,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
69,
74
]
} |
effects of somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 on bombesin-stimulated release of gastrin , insulin , and glucagon in the dog . | NA | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin-14",
"pos": [
11,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin-28",
"pos": [
31,
46
]
} |
the effects of somatostatin-14 ( s14 ) and somatostatin-28 ( s28 ) , a novel intestinal peptide containing somatostatin tetradecapeptide in its c-terminal position , on the bombesin-stimulated release of gastrin , insulin , and glucagon were tested . | NA | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "somatostatin-28",
"pos": [
43,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
107,
119
]
} |
based on the exogenous dose needed to produce equal effects , s28 was more potent than s14 on a molar basis , but based on the plasma concentrations needed to produce equal effects , s14 and s28 were equipotent . | NA | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "s14",
"pos": [
87,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0074854",
"name": "s28",
"pos": [
191,
194
]
} |
micromolar concentrations of guanosine triphosphate and its hydrolysis-resistant analog 5'-guanylimidodiphosphate [ gpp ( nh ) p ] increased both basal and pth-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0018353",
"name": "guanosine triphosphate",
"pos": [
29,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0018366",
"name": "gpp ( nh ) p",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} |
it is a glycoprotein containing 10 % hexoses ( 2 % glucose and 8 % mannose ) and 2.5 % hexosamine , all glucosamine . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexoses",
"pos": [
37,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0024742",
"name": "mannose",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} |
it was found that ca2+ ions were to a large extent displaced from the phosphoprotein by other cations in physiological concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
23,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} |
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