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stringlengths 57
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|---|---|---|---|
calculations relating the amount of bovine albumin available in the serum for filtration to the amount excreted in the urine indicated that complete saturation of the reticuloendothelial and tubular protein reabsorption systems may have occurred during the course of the 5 day injection period in rats given more than 3.5 mg of bovine albumin day-1 g-1 body wt . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
199,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
335,
342
]
} |
no differences were noticed between the groups in na , k , cl , ca , p , protein , albumin , creatinine , urate , fe , cholesterol , triglyceride , bilirubin , alkaline phosphatase , aspargine aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase , lactate-dehydrogenase or high density lipoprotein cholesterol serum concentrations in the children . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
73,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
83,
90
]
} |
no differences were noticed between the groups in na , k , cl , ca , p , protein , albumin , creatinine , urate , fe , cholesterol , triglyceride , bilirubin , alkaline phosphatase , aspargine aminotransferase , alanine aminotransferase , lactate-dehydrogenase or high density lipoprotein cholesterol serum concentrations in the children . | NA | {
"id": "C0002594",
"name": "aminotransferase",
"pos": [
193,
209
]
} | {
"id": "C0001899",
"name": "alanine aminotransferase",
"pos": [
212,
236
]
} |
whole serum complement ( ch50 ) and c3 , c4 , and c3pa plasma values were studied in 48 patients : 9 with nonseptic shock ; | NA | {
"id": "C0009498",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
12,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0033453",
"name": "c3pa",
"pos": [
50,
54
]
} |
comparative in vitro activity of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol against haemophilus influenzae , neisseria gonorrhoeae and the typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
33,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
53,
66
]
} |
chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol were tested by the agar dilution method against 105 salmonella typhi , 15 s. paratyphi a , 6 s. paratyphi b , 8 s. paratyphi c , 57 haemophilus influenzae and 60 neisseria gonorrhoeae strains . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} |
in contrast , while all the tested isolatels of typhoid and paratyphoid fever salmonella were susceptible to chloramphenicol , most of these strains showed resistance to thiamphenicol with mics greater than or equal to 8 microgram/ml . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
109,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
170,
183
]
} |
effects of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol on the outcome of chlamydia psittaci infection in chick embryo . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
11,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
31,
44
]
} |
the effects of chloramphenicol ( cap ) and thiamphenicol ( tap ) on the outcome of chlamydia psittaci infection in chick embryos were compared . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
15,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "thiamphenicol",
"pos": [
43,
56
]
} |
statistical analysis of the results showed that differences in the survival rates following cap and tap administration are significant . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "cap",
"pos": [
92,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "tap",
"pos": [
100,
103
]
} |
metabolic pathways in chick embryos of the antibiotics assayed differed remarkably in that cap undergoes a quicker inactivation , which could even justify the better activity showed by tap . | NA | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "cap",
"pos": [
91,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0039854",
"name": "tap",
"pos": [
185,
188
]
} |
a prerequisite for the release of this dna fragment as a discrete population is that there are gaps in the continuity of the newly synthesized dna spaced roughly 10 kb away from each other . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
143,
146
]
} |
hyperketonaemia does , however , occur with adrenaline ( epinephrine ) and noradrenaline ( norepinephrine ) , even in the presence of mildly elevated insulin concentrations . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
91,
105
]
} |
the results confirm the in vivo importance of the glucose-fatty acid cycle , indicating that when glucose , ffa and ketone bodies are available in excess it is ffa and ketones that are metabolized in preference to glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0015684",
"name": "fatty acid",
"pos": [
58,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0015688",
"name": "ffa",
"pos": [
160,
163
]
} |
the results confirm the in vivo importance of the glucose-fatty acid cycle , indicating that when glucose , ffa and ketone bodies are available in excess it is ffa and ketones that are metabolized in preference to glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0022631",
"name": "ketone bodies",
"pos": [
116,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0022634",
"name": "ketones",
"pos": [
168,
175
]
} |
on the day of catheterization , performed in all cases in the morning hours , the usual morning peak values of adrenaline shifted to afternoon hours and those of noradrenaline and 17-oh-corticoids even to late night hours . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
111,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
162,
175
]
} |
aromatic amino acids and free tryptophan further increased , while a significant fall in branched-chain amino acids and glutamate was observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino acids",
"pos": [
0,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0041249",
"name": "tryptophan",
"pos": [
30,
40
]
} |
of 30 unselected patients with pleural effusion of unknown cause 17 were subsequently found to have malignant disease of the pleura . | NA | {
"id": "C0032227",
"name": "pleural effusion",
"pos": [
31,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0032226",
"name": "disease of the pleura",
"pos": [
110,
131
]
} |
since low cea values in pleural effusion thus can not exclude malignant disease with certainty , histological assessment of the pleural disease should be practised in every case where tumour is suspected , if necessary via thoracoscopy or thoracotomy . | NA | {
"id": "C0032227",
"name": "pleural",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0032226",
"name": "of the pleural disease",
"pos": [
121,
143
]
} |
[ fluoride uptake and retention in the dental enamel of adults after the application of naf tablets and naf gel in vivo ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
2,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "naf",
"pos": [
104,
107
]
} |
however , about 5 times as much human ldl-derived cholesterol was required to stimulate equivalent increases in progesterone compared to human hdl cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
50,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0023822",
"name": "hdl",
"pos": [
143,
146
]
} |
the possibility that the active molecule was a precursor protein was investigated by examining proteins secreted by bovine placenta tissue cultures . | NA | {
"id": "C0033665",
"name": "precursor protein",
"pos": [
47,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
95,
103
]
} |
human serum contains the somatomedins , insulin-like growth factor i and ii ( igf i and ii ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0037657",
"name": "somatomedins",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0021665",
"name": "igf",
"pos": [
78,
81
]
} |
therefore , tolbutamide has extra-pancreatic effects which probably contribute to the hypoglycemic action of this sulfonylurea . | NA | {
"id": "C0040374",
"name": "tolbutamide",
"pos": [
12,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylurea",
"pos": [
114,
126
]
} |
incorporation of [ 3h ] phenylalanine into isolated neurointermediate pituitaries of haloperidol-treated rats revealed an increase in the amount of label incorporated into the beta-endorphin/acth precursor proopiomelanocortin ( pomc ) to a similar extent ( about 80 % ) but had essentially no effect on the conversion of the precursor into beta-lipotropin and beta-endorphin . | NA | {
"id": "C0033195",
"name": "proopiomelanocortin",
"pos": [
206,
225
]
} | {
"id": "C0023832",
"name": "beta-lipotropin",
"pos": [
340,
355
]
} |
effects of hereditary hypopituitarism and ectopic pituitary transplants on pinealocytes of the mouse : a quantitative ultrastructural study . | NA | {
"id": "C0020635",
"name": "hypopituitarism",
"pos": [
22,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0032002",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
50,
59
]
} |
the cell types used in this study were normal human fibroblasts ( hs-wp ) , human xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts ( sgl ) , chinese hamster v79 cells , mouse balb/c-3t3 cells , and secondary syrian hamster embryo cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
52,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
215,
220
]
} |
fad could not be replaced by riboflavin or fmn in reconstituting active enzyme from apoenzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0035527",
"name": "riboflavin",
"pos": [
29,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0016388",
"name": "fmn",
"pos": [
43,
46
]
} |
the protein was purified to homogeneity and was active in replication assays like the wild-type dna-binding protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna-binding",
"pos": [
96,
107
]
} |
upon analysis of the phosphopeptides obtained with the cgmp-dependent protein kinase , only peptide a was observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0031684",
"name": "phosphopeptides",
"pos": [
21,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0030956",
"name": "peptide",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} |
segments of seven or eight amino acid residues , which lacked the triple-helical sequence gly-xaa-yaa , were found at both ends of fragment p1 , explaining the susceptibility of native type iv collagen to pepsin . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "gly",
"pos": [
90,
93
]
} |
the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 810 u/mg , a molecular weight of 28 000 , and the following amino acid composition : 21 aspartic acid or asparagine , 14 threonine , 17 serine , 27 glutamic acid or glutamine , 16 proline , 22 glycine , 22 alanine , 15 valine , 6 methionine , 11 isoleucine , 29 leucine , 5 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 16 lysine , 7 histidine , 19 arginine , 3 half-cystine , and no tryptophan , totalling 257 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
240,
247
]
} |
the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 810 u/mg , a molecular weight of 28 000 , and the following amino acid composition : 21 aspartic acid or asparagine , 14 threonine , 17 serine , 27 glutamic acid or glutamine , 16 proline , 22 glycine , 22 alanine , 15 valine , 6 methionine , 11 isoleucine , 29 leucine , 5 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 16 lysine , 7 histidine , 19 arginine , 3 half-cystine , and no tryptophan , totalling 257 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
340,
347
]
} |
the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 810 u/mg , a molecular weight of 28 000 , and the following amino acid composition : 21 aspartic acid or asparagine , 14 threonine , 17 serine , 27 glutamic acid or glutamine , 16 proline , 22 glycine , 22 alanine , 15 valine , 6 methionine , 11 isoleucine , 29 leucine , 5 tyrosine , 7 phenylalanine , 16 lysine , 7 histidine , 19 arginine , 3 half-cystine , and no tryptophan , totalling 257 residues . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
195,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
212,
221
]
} |
the effect of human growth hormone ( 6iu/m2 twice weekly i.m . ) on standing , sitting , and subischial leg height , on arm length , head circumference , fronto-occipital and biparietal head diameter , bi-iliac ( pelvis ) and bihumeral ( shoulder ) width , body weight , triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness , and upper arm and calf circumferences was studied longitudinally over a period of 2 years in 37 prepubertal growth hormone deficient patients ( 29 boys , 8 girls ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0169964",
"name": "human growth hormone",
"pos": [
14,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0037663",
"name": "growth hormone",
"pos": [
424,
438
]
} |
as the effects of beta-blocking agents on the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are correlated with the serum concentration of the drugs , sotalol , with its long half-life and unaltered elimination in hyperthyroidism , has certain advantages over propranolol in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0020550",
"name": "hyperthyroidism",
"pos": [
58,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0040156",
"name": "thyrotoxicosis",
"pos": [
274,
288
]
} |
for alpha 1-agp , the binding was similar for both compounds , whereas for hsa the binding of aprindine was more pronounced than that of moxaprindine : for both products the affinity coefficient for binding to alpha 1-agp was about 100 times greater than that for binding to albumin . | NA | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "hsa",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
275,
282
]
} |
it is concluded that the combination of naproxen sodium 550 mg and codeine phosphate 60 mg , as indicated by its effects on experimentally induced pain , can produce more intense analgesia than the same doses of naproxen sodium and codeine administered alone , and that naproxen sodium and codeine phosphate given in combination enhanced each other 's effect in an additive manner . | NA | {
"id": "C0009214",
"name": "codeine",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0009217",
"name": "codeine phosphate",
"pos": [
290,
307
]
} |
albumin and igg were not diluted by local synthesis indicating that these proteins were exclusively serum-derived . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
74,
82
]
} |
neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine treatment was used to destroy the noradrenergic nerve terminals in rat cerebral cortex and thus give some insight into the in vivo regulation of alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes , which in turn provides information concerning the anatomical localization of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors . | NA | {
"id": "C0034784",
"name": "alpha-adrenoceptor",
"pos": [
172,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0001639",
"name": "alpha 2-adrenoceptors",
"pos": [
292,
313
]
} |
we have utilized several inhibitors to assess the effects of kininases on the contractile activity of bradykinin ( bk ) , kallidin ( kd ) , des-arg9-bk and des-arg10-kd on two isolated blood vessels , the rabbit aorta and mesenteric vein . | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
115,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "kd",
"pos": [
166,
168
]
} |
blockers of carboxypeptidase b-like enzymes , such as sq24798 and pivalyl-l-arginine decrease the apparent affinity of bk and kd on the two vessels , while not changing those of des-arg9-bk and des-arg10-kd ; | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
119,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "kd",
"pos": [
204,
206
]
} |
this suggests that a major part of the contractile activities of bk and kd are mediated by des-arg metabolites formed in situ at the tissue level by a kininase i . | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
65,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "kd",
"pos": [
72,
74
]
} |
the block of kininase ii by captopril or desacetylated mk-421 bring about a complex pattern of activity changes that include the potentiation of bk and kd and the depression of des-arg10-kd . | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bk",
"pos": [
145,
147
]
} | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "kd",
"pos": [
187,
189
]
} |
the studies concerned the effects of epinephrine , norepinephrine , phenylephrine , acetylcholine and k+ ions , in doses inducing maximal contraction on oxygen consumption of isolated rat portal veins . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
51,
65
]
} |
after specific blockade of alpha-adrenoceptors , the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on o2 consumption were not affected , whilst those of phenylephrine were abolished , and beta-adrenoceptor blockade suppressed the metabolic effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
64,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
262,
276
]
} |
1 % beta-alanine and alpha-l-alanine , when given for 7 days as the only drinking fluid , inhibited the exploratory activity of adult male spontaneously-hypertensive rats ( shr ) but not that of the normotensive wistar-kyoto rats ( wkr ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0000392",
"name": "beta-alanine",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
29,
36
]
} |
in neonatal rat brain 6 h after s.c. administration of l-cysteine , an increase was observed in most of the amino acids with the exception of glutamic acid , aspartic acid , phenylalanine , sarcosine , glutamine , hydroxyproline and phosphoethanolamine compared to age-matched saline controls . | NA | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
142,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
202,
211
]
} |
proteolysis of blood coagulation factor x by activated factor x : difference between the bovine and human proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0015518",
"name": "blood coagulation factor x",
"pos": [
15,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0015520",
"name": "activated factor x",
"pos": [
45,
63
]
} |
preparation of calmodulin-free tryptophan hydroxylase by affinity chromatography on fluphenazine-sepharose 4b yields an enzyme that is no longer activated by atp-mg2+ , whereas the readdition of calmodulin to a calmodulin-free enzyme restores the responsiveness of tryptophan hydroxylase to atp-mg2+ . | NA | {
"id": "C0020364",
"name": "hydroxylase",
"pos": [
42,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0041252",
"name": "tryptophan hydroxylase",
"pos": [
265,
287
]
} |
the numerous studies of opioids as discriminative stimuli , beginning in 1971 , have shown specificity , similarity of several opioids , differences in potency ( fentanyl greater than heroin greater methadone greater than morphine ) , and antagonism by naloxone and naltrexone . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
253,
261
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
266,
276
]
} |
the discriminative opioid stimulus and its antagonism by naloxone or naltrexone have been demonstrated in rats , squirrel monkeys , gerbils , and pigeons . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
57,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
69,
79
]
} |
decreases in schedule-controlled responding produced by the prototypic agonist morphine are reversed by appropriate doses of antagonists such as naloxone , naltrexone , nalorphine , and cyclazocine . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
145,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
156,
166
]
} |
naloxone and naltrexone are more potent as antagonists of morphine than of cyclazocine under certain conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
13,
23
]
} |
in addition , supersensitivity to the direct rate-decreasing actions of naloxone and naltrexone may develop after chronic antagonists administration . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
72,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
85,
95
]
} |
however , progesterone ( p ) , 17-hydroxyprogesterone ( 17-ohp ) , and cortisol ( f ) responses to adrenocorticotropic hormone ( acth ) were normal . | NA | {
"id": "C0033308",
"name": "progesterone",
"pos": [
10,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0020387",
"name": "17-hydroxyprogesterone",
"pos": [
31,
53
]
} |
during the treatment period no change in body weight or weight of testes or seminal vesicles was observed . | NA | {
"id": "C0005911",
"name": "change in",
"pos": [
31,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0005910",
"name": "weight",
"pos": [
56,
62
]
} |
in the first phase the alveolar ventilation , oxygen consumption , excretion of co2 and one-minute respiratory volume increase to the same extent as the one-minute blood volume , the increased metabolism and heat production occurring against the background of the blood acid-alkaline homeostasis . | NA | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
67,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
193,
203
]
} |
insulin absorption from the abdomen and the thigh in healthy subjects during rest and exercise : blood glucose , plasma insulin , growth hormone , adrenaline and noradrenaline levels . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
147,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
162,
175
]
} |
alterations in plasma branched-chain amino acids ( valine , isoleucine and leucine ) and alanine have been described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who have poor metabolic control . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
22,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0042285",
"name": "valine",
"pos": [
51,
57
]
} |
alterations in plasma branched-chain amino acids ( valine , isoleucine and leucine ) and alanine have been described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who have poor metabolic control . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
22,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0022192",
"name": "isoleucine",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} |
alterations in plasma branched-chain amino acids ( valine , isoleucine and leucine ) and alanine have been described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who have poor metabolic control . | NA | {
"id": "C0002521",
"name": "branched-chain amino acids",
"pos": [
22,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0023401",
"name": "leucine",
"pos": [
75,
82
]
} |
of the 202 carriers , 4 ( 1.98 % ) died from hepatocellular carcinoma with or without cirrhosis , whereas in 2928 noncarriers only 2 ( 0.07 % ) died from liver diseases unrelated to hepatitis b virus , the difference being 28.3-fold . | NA | {
"id": "C0023890",
"name": "cirrhosis",
"pos": [
86,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0023895",
"name": "liver diseases",
"pos": [
154,
168
]
} |
according to the earlier proposed hypothesis on the structural correspondence between amino acids and doublets from the first codon bases ( sukhodolets 1980 ) , the uga triplet corresponds to tryptophan and the agx triplets - to the termination codons . | NA | {
"id": "C0009221",
"name": "codon",
"pos": [
126,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0242611",
"name": "termination codons",
"pos": [
233,
251
]
} |
these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that , of the abnormally raised fasting serum concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones found in renal insufficiency , hormones that stimulate rather than inhibit pancreatic exocrine function predominate . | NA | {
"id": "C0017182",
"name": "gastrointestinal hormones",
"pos": [
114,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0019932",
"name": "hormones",
"pos": [
171,
179
]
} |
in the first three groups of patients plasma concentrations of aspartate , serine , and one or both of the aromatic amino-acids tyrosine and phenylalanine were also significantly increased , while in the patients with alcoholic hepatitis +/- cirrhosis plasma concentrations of glycine , alanine , and phenylalanine were significantly reduced . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino-acids",
"pos": [
107,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0041485",
"name": "tyrosine",
"pos": [
128,
136
]
} |
in the first three groups of patients plasma concentrations of aspartate , serine , and one or both of the aromatic amino-acids tyrosine and phenylalanine were also significantly increased , while in the patients with alcoholic hepatitis +/- cirrhosis plasma concentrations of glycine , alanine , and phenylalanine were significantly reduced . | NA | {
"id": "C0301713",
"name": "aromatic amino-acids",
"pos": [
107,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0031453",
"name": "phenylalanine",
"pos": [
301,
314
]
} |
when rectal biopsies from 65 patients with ulcerative colitis and 20 patients with crohn 's disease was stained for mucins , an abnormal pattern ( excess of sialomucins ) was seen in about half of them . | NA | {
"id": "C0026682",
"name": "mucins",
"pos": [
116,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0074477",
"name": "sialomucins",
"pos": [
157,
168
]
} |
since the risk of developing epilepsy was 20 % in newborns with postnatal seizures and complicated prognostication , preventive treatment with antiepileptic drugs is recommended in these infants . | NA | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epilepsy",
"pos": [
29,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0036572",
"name": "seizures",
"pos": [
74,
82
]
} |
the major active constituent of cannabis sativa , delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synthetic cannabinoids are evaluated in several clinical trials on their antiemetic efficacy in cancer chemotherapy induced vomiting . | NA | {
"id": "C0039663",
"name": "delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol",
"pos": [
50,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0006864",
"name": "cannabinoids",
"pos": [
93,
105
]
} |
for the tumor inhibition by late spleen cells ( 2 weeks after the last immunization ) , further addition of inactivated homologous allogeneic cells was required . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
40,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C3485979",
"name": "allogeneic cells",
"pos": [
131,
147
]
} |
most hepatic radioactivity was accounted for by s-carbamidomethyl cysteine and its n-acetyl derivative , a mercapturic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
66,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "mercapturic acid",
"pos": [
107,
123
]
} |
the cysteine s-conjugate which is formed in the tubular lumen is reabsorbed and transferred to the liver , acetylated to form n-acetylcysteine s-conjugate , and excreted in the urine . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "cysteine",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0001047",
"name": "n-acetylcysteine",
"pos": [
126,
142
]
} |
pheasant hemoglobin is heterogenous and contains two components : a major one called hba ( 70 % of total amount ) and a minor one called hbd ( 25 % of total amount ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
9,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hba",
"pos": [
85,
88
]
} |
some bacterial and mammalian enzymes , endo- and exo-peptide hydrolases of the enzyme nomenclature type ec 3.4. , were tested for their ability to split the epsilon-peptide bond in the above substrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "peptide hydrolases",
"pos": [
53,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0020289",
"name": "ec 3",
"pos": [
104,
108
]
} |
aminopeptidase m ( hog pancreas ) and hog intestinal aminopeptidase were additionally examined for their ki values with the above substrates in comparison to the classic protease substrate leucine p-nitroanilide . | NA | {
"id": "C0054943",
"name": "aminopeptidase m",
"pos": [
0,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0002570",
"name": "aminopeptidase",
"pos": [
53,
67
]
} |
biosynthesis of arylsulfatase a in normal and mutant human fibroblasts was studied by growing cells in the presence of l- [ 4,5-3h ] leucine or [ 2-3h ] mannose , isolation of labelled arylsulfatase a by immune precipitation and visualization of electrophoretically separated polypeptide by fluorography . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
59,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
94,
99
]
} |
these features consisted of : 1 the presence of two cell types , viz . a clear cell and a cell resembling the fibroblast ; | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
52,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
} |
positive reaction to antibody against gfap of varying intensity was demonstrated in astrocytomas of various grades of malignancy ( 32 of 32 ) , glioblastoma multiforme ( 10 of 10 ) , subependymal giant cell astrocytoma ( 1 of 1 ) , ependymoma ( 2 of 10 ) , subependymoma ( 4 of 4 ) , and astrocytes in mixed neoplasms ( 8 of 8 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0004114",
"name": "astrocytomas",
"pos": [
84,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0017636",
"name": "glioblastoma multiforme",
"pos": [
144,
167
]
} |
positive reaction to antibody against gfap of varying intensity was demonstrated in astrocytomas of various grades of malignancy ( 32 of 32 ) , glioblastoma multiforme ( 10 of 10 ) , subependymal giant cell astrocytoma ( 1 of 1 ) , ependymoma ( 2 of 10 ) , subependymoma ( 4 of 4 ) , and astrocytes in mixed neoplasms ( 8 of 8 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014474",
"name": "ependymoma",
"pos": [
232,
242
]
} | {
"id": "C0206725",
"name": "subependymoma",
"pos": [
257,
270
]
} |
examining the chromosomes of this individual in fibroblasts we observed that either the normal x or the xq+ chromosome could replicate late and show inactivity after fusion with heteroploid mouse cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
196,
201
]
} |
nineteen cell hybrids were obtained by fusing rabbit ( oryctolagus , ocu ) fibroblasts and a chinese hamster cell line hgprt . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
9,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
75,
86
]
} |
the spatial relationship for t-b cell cooperation between antigenic epitopes and carrier epitopes on the antigen molecule was studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
68,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
105,
112
]
} |
adoptive cell-transfer experiments of site-specific t cells and dnp-primed b cells directly showed that multiple distinct carrier epitopes for t cells could help the antibody responses to the single antigenic epitope for b cells and that a single carrier epitope could help antibody responses to multiple antigenic epitopes . | NA | {
"id": "C0282580",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
130,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "epitopes",
"pos": [
315,
323
]
} |
particular attention is given to new designations for provisional hla-b and hla-dr specificities and the upgrading of certain hla-d and hla-dr specificities to full hla status . | NA | {
"id": "C0019754",
"name": "hla-d",
"pos": [
76,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0019764",
"name": "hla-dr",
"pos": [
136,
142
]
} |
most striking was the observation of proliferation with self-hormone-coupled self-albumin , for instance vasopressin-coupled mouse serum albumin . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
82,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0036773",
"name": "serum albumin",
"pos": [
131,
144
]
} |
during the intravenous infusion of glucose ( initial 0,33 g/kg followed by 12 mg/kg/min through 2 h ) the mean blood glucose values increased from 103 +/- 15,5 to 388 +/- 96,6 mg/100 ml . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
35,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood glucose",
"pos": [
111,
124
]
} |
in contrast , all of these amino acids and taurine markedly inhibited the mpo-mediated decarboxylation of alanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
27,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
106,
113
]
} |
immunodiffusion studies with specific antisera revealed that although the two lts shared major antigenic determinants each also had unique antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinants",
"pos": [
95,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
139,
147
]
} |
one of these immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibodies ( 6a2 ) was shown to be directed against a cell surface-exposed antigenic determinant of the 39,000-molecular-weight protein , whereas the other monoclonal antibodies directed against this same protein were apparently specific for antigenic determinants not exposed on the h . | NA | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
41,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
197,
218
]
} |
the phenylhydrazine-treated rbc in doses of 15 , 75 , and 150 mg of hemoglobin per 100 g depressed the clearance rate and splenic localization of a test dose of phenylhydrazine-treated rbc , whereas splenic clearance function was unchanged after a dose of 5 mg of hemoglobin per 100 g . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
246,
247
]
} |
accordingly , better labelling of foods and beverages to disclose the concentration ( percentage by weight or volume ) of sucrose and other sugars would help consumers in choosing products less likely to cause caries . | NA | {
"id": "C0038636",
"name": "sucrose",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0242209",
"name": "sugars",
"pos": [
140,
146
]
} |
sugar alcohols such as sorbitol , xylitol , maltitol and hydrogenated starch and other sweeteners having more than one hundred times the sweetening power of sucrose , such as stevioside and thaumatin , are currently used as less or non-cariogenic sugar substitutes . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "sugar alcohols",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0037688",
"name": "sorbitol",
"pos": [
23,
31
]
} |
sugar alcohols such as sorbitol , xylitol , maltitol and hydrogenated starch and other sweeteners having more than one hundred times the sweetening power of sucrose , such as stevioside and thaumatin , are currently used as less or non-cariogenic sugar substitutes . | NA | {
"id": "C0038654",
"name": "sugar alcohols",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0043369",
"name": "xylitol",
"pos": [
34,
41
]
} |
a new product , coupling sugar , has been developed which is a sugar mixture of monosaccharides , glucosyl-sucrose , oligosaccharides and oligosaccharides terminated at the reducing end by sucrose . | NA | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "sugar",
"pos": [
25,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0026492",
"name": "monosaccharides",
"pos": [
80,
95
]
} |
it was concluded that these sera contained ic formed by denatured collagen and its antibodies . | NA | {
"id": "C0003313",
"name": "ic",
"pos": [
43,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
the extent of the reduction found was dependent on the technique used for antigen assay , but with 125i-ba in an everted gut sac system , the amount of transported antigen was less than 60 % of the amount in a control non-immune system . | NA | {
"id": "C0003321",
"name": "ba",
"pos": [
104,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
164,
171
]
} |
anti-dna , anti-deoxyribonucleoprotein and rheumatoid factor measured by elisa in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus , sjogren 's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis . | NA | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "sjogren 's syndrome",
"pos": [
127,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "rheumatoid",
"pos": [
151,
161
]
} |
serum concentrations of anti-dna and anti-deoxyribonucleoprotein ( np ) antibodies were measured in parallel by standardized elisa methods with a polyvalent anti-immunoglobulin conjugate in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) , sjogren 's syndrome ( ss ) and rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) . | NA | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "sjogren 's syndrome",
"pos": [
243,
262
]
} | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "rheumatoid arthritis",
"pos": [
274,
294
]
} |
while an appreciable incidence of antibodies also occurred in ss and ra , they were mostly at lower levels . | NA | {
"id": "C1527336",
"name": "ss",
"pos": [
62,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0003873",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
69,
71
]
} |
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