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to test whether the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer is sufficient to direct lymphoid specific gene expression in vivo , we have incorporated into the mouse germ line a test gene ( chloramphenicol-acetyl transferase ) whose transcription is potentiated by the enhancer . | process_includes_biological_process | {
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"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
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} |
lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of these individuals and were assessed for the following parameters of cellular immunity : mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin , mitogenic response to allogeneic lymphocytes , natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity ( ncmc ) , and interferon production . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020966",
"name": "cellular immunity",
"pos": [
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140
]
} | {
"id": "C0301896",
"name": "cell-mediated cytotoxicity",
"pos": [
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267
]
} |
we conclude that exposure to 50 ata he-o2 during pregnancy in mice produces a small nonselective effect on fetal growth and development but does not affect any specific event taking place during these stages of embryogenesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0013936",
"name": "embryogenesis",
"pos": [
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} |
these data demonstrate that aroh gene expression is only moderately regulated by the tryptophan repressor and that this regulation is at the level of transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
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} | {
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"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
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} |
these data point to rapid and massive effects on the expression of the glucokinase gene at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels during ontogenic development and dietary changes in the adult animal . | process_includes_biological_process | {
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"name": "expression",
"pos": [
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} | {
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"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
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} |
this finding suggests that vaccinating individuals deficient in late-complement components may shift the burden of host defense from sba to phagocytosis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
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} | {
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
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} |
a study was conducted to determine whether repression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa reductase by a chronic high-cholesterol diet would deplete hepatic dolichol levels . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "conducted",
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} | {
"id": "C0035143",
"name": "repression",
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} |
the natural mechanisms of host defense are also examined , including phagocytosis , complement system , natural-killer cells and genetic control of resistance and susceptibility . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "mechanisms",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
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} |
effect of pseudopterosin a on cell division , cell cycle progression , dna , and protein synthesis in cultured sea urchin embryos . | process_includes_biological_process | {
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"name": "cell division",
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} | {
"id": "C1516334",
"name": "cell cycle progression",
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} |
this supports the notion that late gene expression during nonpermissive infection by gene 1 mutants is dependent on the transcription of the t7 genome by the host rna polymerase . | process_includes_biological_process | {
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"name": "gene expression",
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} | {
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} |
it was found that most of these mutants were measurably suppressed in su ( - ) hosts by translational ambiguity ( misreading of codons during protein synthesis ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
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"name": "translational",
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} | {
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"name": "protein synthesis",
"pos": [
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} |
the results suggest that a concomitant immunity and serum blocking effect , rather than a central failure of the immune response , may mediate some aspects of normal tolerance . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
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128
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} |
the characteristic action of morphine and heroine on the respiration of the cat is apparently limited to a depression of active expiration . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
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68
]
} | {
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiration",
"pos": [
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138
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} |
consequently development of the skin coloration , as well as development of the legs , sex organs , tongue , and palatal teeth are all caused by substances not identical with the substances causing metamorphosis and , since they are also all independent of each other in their development , it is probable that special chemical mechanisms exist for the development of each one of these six groups of organs . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0242290",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
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} |
this assumption is inconsistent with electron-microscopic studies of transcription cited here , which show that nascent hnrnas are not degraded during transcription , implying that hnrna degradation occurs only after termination of transcription and release of the hnrna from chromatin . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0597600",
"name": "termination",
"pos": [
217,
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} |
this increase in [ ca2+ ] i is one intracellular signal which , in conjunction with others , induces expression of lymphokine genes by influencing pretranslational , presumably transcriptional , events . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
177,
192
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} |
the hse-containing region can be separated from the ccaat/tata region without affecting expression of the gene , and it can enhance transcription of a linked beta-globin gene upon heat shock . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
88,
98
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} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
132,
145
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} |
to investigate if carbon dioxide ( co2 ) chemosensitivity could be blunted during this suggestible state , we measured hypercapnic ventilatory response ( hcvr , delta ve/delta paco2 ) , oxygen consumption ( vo2 ) , breathing pattern ( vt and f ) , inspiratory flow rate ( vt/ti ) , and inspiratory timing ( ti/ttot ) in 20 healthy subjects . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
215,
224
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
286,
297
]
} |
in an attempt to clarify the respiratory function of these muscles , we studied eight supine lightly anesthetized dogs during quiet breathing and during static inspiratory efforts . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiratory function",
"pos": [
29,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
160,
171
]
} |
the expression of the blap gene for the beta-lactamase of bacillus licheniformis was examined by transcriptional analyses . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
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112
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} |
gene fusion analysis with nested series of deletions of rho indicated that the transcription of rho is attenuated in a rho-dependent manner in the leader region and that neither a read-through transcription from the upstream gene , trxa , nor a modulation of transcription initiation of the rho promoter is involved in the self-control of rho . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
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92
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
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272
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} |
thus , expression of the gene for l-type pyruvate kinase is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
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} |
the ability of the brain to develop a local immune response and the partial lack of circulation of immunocompetent cells to cross the bbb could be mainly responsible for the special immune status of the cns and may greatly interfere with the establishment of an efficient immune response toward brain tumours . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immune status",
"pos": [
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195
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
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]
} |
to explore cell-mediated immune mechanisms in host defense against malaria , we utilized a murine model system in which antibody-independent mechanisms of immunity are known to play a major role . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "mechanisms",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
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163
]
} |
in conclusion , these studies suggest that : schwann cell dna replication and/or mitosis regulates other events during wallerian degeneration , including myelin degeneration , catabolism of p0 and the clearance of sodium channels from nodal axolemma ; | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell dna replication",
"pos": [
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} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitosis",
"pos": [
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} |
sequences important for regulating the absolute levels of transcription of sgs4 have been identified as residing within a region of 600 base-pairs 5 ' to the site of transcription initiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
58,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription initiation",
"pos": [
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190
]
} |
traditionally , the fact that reproduction in eutherian ( = placental ) mammals tends towards prolonged intrauterine development and short lactation has been interpreted as an evolutionary advance over the metatherian ( = marsupial ) short gestation and prolonged lactation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproduction",
"pos": [
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42
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "gestation",
"pos": [
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} |
the immune response was assessed by the skin test method using tetanic toxoid and a clear correlation was shown between this and lymphocyte stimulation and monocytic chemotaxis tests . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
4,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "lymphocyte stimulation",
"pos": [
129,
151
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} |
we demonstrate that the id sequence can act as a positive regulator or enhancer of rna polymerase ii gene expression in cell lines that express these rnas but not in primary cells in which pol iii transcription of the id sequence is absent . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
101,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
197,
210
]
} |
transcriptional analysis of the yeast ras genes in different culture conditions suggests that the inability of ras2 mutants to grow in nonfermentable carbon sources results from the regulation of ras1 mrna expression . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C1515670",
"name": "mrna expression",
"pos": [
201,
216
]
} |
therefore , a study was conducted to test the effectiveness of a motivational letter mailed at the time of serologic testing . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "conducted",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
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77
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} |
two soluble protein fractions isolated from e. coli were found to be required for efficient expression of the amp gene of pbr322 in an in vitro coupled transcription-translation system consisting of unwashed ribosomes and a polyethylene glycol-treated s30 extract from e. coli . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
92,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
152,
165
]
} |
expression of the pst519 h3 histone gene in cos cells in the absence of the sv40 72-bp enhancer confirmed that the sequences required for promoting transcription reside within the 750-bp 5 ' flanking sequences and that the exogenous enhancer facilitates , but is not a prerequisite for , transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
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10
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
288,
301
]
} |
because the 'weakly ' antigenic h1 tumour was unable to sustain consecutive waves of anti-tumour immunity , the delay in the expression of such immunity by lps allowed the h1 tumour cells to multiply to eventually overwhelm a rapidly down-regulated immune response . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
97,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
249,
264
]
} |
because of their central role in host defense ( in inflammatory responses , in antigen presentation , and in immunoregulatory networks ) , monocyte/macrophage dysfunction may result in one or more pathophysiologic consequences : defects in monocyte maturation , deficiencies in the clearance of physiologic substrates in lysosomal diseases ( e.g. , gaucher 's disease , mucopolysaccharidoses , osteopetrosis , metachromatic leukodystrophy ) , decreased synthesis and secretion of mediators ( complement component deficiencies ) , defects in microbicidal activity ( chronic granulomatous disease ) and defects which are acquired following infection and during chemotherapy ( e.g. , acquired immune deficiency syndrome ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
33,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C1155266",
"name": "inflammatory responses",
"pos": [
51,
73
]
} |
comparison of the in vitro expression of portions of the ovalbumin gene in nuclei isolated from chronically stimulated oviducts indicates that both structural and intervening sequences are preferentially transcribed in vitro at rates approximately 500 times greater than expected for random transcription of the haploid chick genome . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
291,
304
]
} |
these findings are consistent with a lack of requirement of cell division for a t-cell helper effect and a requirement of mitosis or another irradiation sensitive , mitomycin c sensitive process for a t-suppressor cell effect . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell division",
"pos": [
60,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitosis",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} |
in an induced synchronous culture , in which dna synthesis , cell division , and nuclear division , but not 'growth ' were synchronized , oxygen uptake increased continuously in rate and did not show the step-wise rises which were shown in the selection-synchronized culture . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell division",
"pos": [
61,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C1155789",
"name": "nuclear",
"pos": [
81,
88
]
} |
an escherichia coli cell-free translational system , deprived of initiation factor if-3 , has been used to study the role of the factor in protein synthesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C1519614",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
30,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0597295",
"name": "protein synthesis",
"pos": [
139,
156
]
} |
host defenses in murine malaria : induction of a protracted state of immunity with a formalin-killed plasmodium berghei blood parasite vaccine . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defenses",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "state",
"pos": [
60,
65
]
} |
a model is proposed relating styles of cognition and perception , modes of consciousness , and cerebral hemispheric function to visual styles and visual problems . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
39,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0030971",
"name": "perception",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
hence , the expression of these genes is not solely dependent on the initiation of rna synthesis at the gene iii promoter or on leakage of transcription through the central termination site ( t0.25 ) , but is also determined by the initiation frequency of rna synthesis at their individual promoters . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
12,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
139,
152
]
} |
hence , the expression of these genes is not solely dependent on the initiation of rna synthesis at the gene iii promoter or on leakage of transcription through the central termination site ( t0.25 ) , but is also determined by the initiation frequency of rna synthesis at their individual promoters . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
139,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
256,
269
]
} |
this method can provide information about histogenesis and differentiation of a variety of soft-tissue neoplasms , in conjunction with other immunohistochemical methods for various tissue-specific markers . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
59,
74
]
} |
we conclude that in template-labeled cells inadequate time to effect prereplicational repair precludes effective contributions to cell survival from other kinds of dna repair processes . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007620",
"name": "cell survival",
"pos": [
130,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
164,
167
]
} |
impulse activity of respiratory neurones and respiration during electric stimulation of the inspiratory and expiratory sites of the respiratory center was studied in cats anesthetized with nembutal . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
45,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} |
impulse activity of respiratory neurones and respiration during electric stimulation of the inspiratory and expiratory sites of the respiratory center was studied in cats anesthetized with nembutal . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
45,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiratory",
"pos": [
108,
118
]
} |
addition of rotenon in the presence of spc entails a tissue-specific increase in respiration that is proportional to the respective increase in respiration of intact mitochondria in the presence of the inhibitor mentioned . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
81,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "in respiration",
"pos": [
141,
155
]
} |
these effects of nitrous oxide were similar to those produced by respiration of 95 % o2 with 5 % co2 except that such inspiration resulted in hemoglobin oxygenation while n2o produced some disoxygenation of hemoglobin . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
65,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiration",
"pos": [
118,
129
]
} |
except for the influence of the flanking sequence , the regions within the 5s rna gene that determine competition strength are those that have been shown to interact with a specific transcription factor that is required for accurate initiation of 5s rna transcription . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
182,
195
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "initiation",
"pos": [
233,
243
]
} |
the alternative model which has cell proliferation regulated in the g1 phase of the division cycle is reexamined and the two types of evidence for this model , g1-variability and g1-arrest are shown to be compatible with the continuum model . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
32,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0079395",
"name": "g1 phase",
"pos": [
68,
76
]
} |
the alternative model which has cell proliferation regulated in the g1 phase of the division cycle is reexamined and the two types of evidence for this model , g1-variability and g1-arrest are shown to be compatible with the continuum model . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
32,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C1517342",
"name": "g1-arrest",
"pos": [
179,
188
]
} |
the alternative model which has cell proliferation regulated in the g1 phase of the division cycle is reexamined and the two types of evidence for this model , g1-variability and g1-arrest are shown to be compatible with the continuum model . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0079395",
"name": "g1 phase",
"pos": [
68,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C1517342",
"name": "g1-arrest",
"pos": [
179,
188
]
} |
the findings indicate that important cultural differences exist in dental behaviors , and are related to knowledge and motives . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviors",
"pos": [
74,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motives",
"pos": [
119,
126
]
} |
cell proliferation in the sebaceous gland was reduced , the length of the s phase was shortened , and the number of marked cells still in contact with the basal lamina after 6 days was decreased . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0080129",
"name": "s phase",
"pos": [
74,
81
]
} |
transdiaphragmatic pressure ( pdi ) was measured at functional residual capacity ( frc ) in four normal seated subjects during supramaximal , supraclavicular transcutaneous stimulation of one phrenic nerve ( 10 , 20 , 50 , and 100 hz -- 0.1 ms duration ) before and after diaphragmatic fatigue , produced by breathing through a high alinear inspiratory resistance . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
308,
317
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
341,
352
]
} |
these data demonstrate that transcription can proceed through the major polyadenylation site and that alternative polyadenylation sites are used in the amy-1a gene . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
28,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0949765",
"name": "polyadenylation",
"pos": [
114,
129
]
} |
hyperthermic potentiation of the effects of a clinically significant x-ray dose on cell survival , dna damage , and dna repair . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007620",
"name": "cell survival",
"pos": [
83,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna repair",
"pos": [
116,
126
]
} |
erythrocyte destruction and protective immunity to malaria : enhancement of the immune response by phenylhydrazine treatment . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
80,
95
]
} |
the experiments demonstrated that protective immunity to plasmodium berghei ksp11 infection in rats and mice is significantly enhanced by this treatment , that this effect generates memory , can be transferred with spleen cells , and can have both enhancing and suppressive action on the protective immune response . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
45,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
299,
314
]
} |
the continuous repetition of the dominant idea functions as a cumulative suggestion stimulus leading to disruption of spontaneous processes and self-defeating thinking , behavioral , motivational , and affective changes . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavioral",
"pos": [
170,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
183,
195
]
} |
four experiments were conducted using male rats to determine whether testosterone ( t ) , or its neural metabolites estradiol ( e2 ) and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone ( dht ) , influence the expression of locomotor activity , which is thought to depend in part on the activation of mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "conducted",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
233,
240
]
} |
the detection of added inspiratory airflow resistances was studied in normal individuals under two circumstances : first , while breathing unhindered , and secondly , while breathing against continuously applied ( 'basal ' ) inspiratory elastic loads . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
129,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
225,
236
]
} |
we have therefore studied cell proliferation and sce-frequency in conventional short-term cultures of lymphocytes from 28 healthy subjects with different proportions of b and t cells . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
26,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0037211",
"name": "sce",
"pos": [
49,
52
]
} |
cell proliferation and chromosomal damage in human leukocytes : dicentrics and premature chromosome condensations in first , second , and third mitoses after x-irradiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
0,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitoses",
"pos": [
144,
151
]
} |
the present study indicates that murine k virus produces a systemic infection throughout the life of its host and that the maturation of host defenses and the development of specific humoral immunity , although they limit dissemination of virus during acute infection , may not eliminate viral persistence in intestines or other organs once infection has occurred . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defenses",
"pos": [
137,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0020967",
"name": "humoral immunity",
"pos": [
183,
199
]
} |
enhancement of in vitro humoral immunity to srbc was due to direct pb2+ activation of b-cells and enhancement of t-cell help . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020967",
"name": "humoral immunity",
"pos": [
24,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C1155003",
"name": "activation",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} |
analysis of the duodenal and esophageal epithelia shows that feeding initiates cell division by stimulating cells from the g1 part of the mitotic cycle in the duodenum . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell division",
"pos": [
79,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitotic cycle",
"pos": [
138,
151
]
} |
[ apropos of the use of radioactive isotopes in women during the reproductive age and during pregnancy ] . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
65,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
93,
102
]
} |
it is possible that the lipopolysaccharide is an important factor in aiding the bacterium to evade host defense mechanisms , such as phagocytosis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense mechanisms",
"pos": [
99,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} |
the contraction volume of the ventricles is always much increased , and the output per unit of time is generally augmented , and this together with the contraction of the peripheral arterioles causes an increase in the tension in the systemic circulation , an acceleration of the circulation , and possibly a temporary increase in the pressure in the great veins and in the auricle and ventricle in diastole ( kaufmann ) . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0005775",
"name": "circulation",
"pos": [
243,
254
]
} | {
"id": "C0012000",
"name": "diastole",
"pos": [
399,
407
]
} |
a viral transformation of a lymph node cell leads to proliferation of tumor cells and the generation of an immune response consisting of lymphokine production , b cell activation and concomitant suppression of further t cell activation , but ineffective cellular cytotoxicity against the tumor cells . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
107,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C1155003",
"name": "b cell activation",
"pos": [
161,
178
]
} |
a viral transformation of a lymph node cell leads to proliferation of tumor cells and the generation of an immune response consisting of lymphokine production , b cell activation and concomitant suppression of further t cell activation , but ineffective cellular cytotoxicity against the tumor cells . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
107,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C1155065",
"name": "t cell activation",
"pos": [
218,
235
]
} |
there were no differences in these reproductive parameters between rats with serial pregnancies initiated at 2 or 9 mo of age . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
35,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
84,
95
]
} |
this study assessed the relationship of loci of control , learning styles , and motivational needs of 53 graduates of the wichita state university nurse clinician program to amounts and types of professional activities performed in a clinical setting . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0023185",
"name": "learning",
"pos": [
58,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
80,
92
]
} |
the different stages of dna synthesis of yeast cells can be divided into two 'gap ' phases , a synthesis and a mitosis period , corresponding to howard and pelc 's model of dna synthesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "dna synthesis",
"pos": [
24,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitosis",
"pos": [
111,
118
]
} |
this anti-ld immunity alters the immune response of the recipient and leads to a spontaneous recovery of the liver allograft rejection . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
33,
48
]
} |
it was given a scheme of interaction between the messanger conception of neuropeptides and cyclic-3 ' , 5'-monophosphate nucleotide-dependent transcription by which the cycloadenylate-dependent transcription appears to play a great role in the r-rna and t-rna biosynthesis and the cycloguanylate-dependent transcription -- in the biosynthesis of m-rna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
142,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "biosynthesis",
"pos": [
330,
342
]
} |
such a treatment stimulates secretory transformation of the endometrium at the beginning of pregnancy , and this allows early placentation and the uterine growth with a simultaneous quiescence of the myometrium , which , in turn , makes the growth of the ovum possible . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
92,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0032058",
"name": "placentation",
"pos": [
126,
138
]
} |
in this paper i have attempted to outline the natural history of spontaneously occurring teratomas and associated tumours , but without introducing any preconceptions or assumptions as to their histogenesis or mechanisms of internal differentiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
194,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
233,
248
]
} |
histologically , the overwhelming impression is of a more or less random association of cells and tissues at different stages of development and differentiation that proceed up to but not beyond organogenesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "tissues",
"pos": [
98,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
145,
160
]
} |
in an attempt to better delineate the level of gene expression responsible for this decrease in ceruloplasmin mrna , the nuclear run-on assay was used to analyze transcriptional rates . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
47,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
162,
177
]
} |
in vitro nuclear run-on transcription assays and measurement of class ii mhc mrna stability suggested that the specific defect in class ii mhc gene expression in both mutant cell lines was at the level of transcription initiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
24,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "transcription initiation",
"pos": [
205,
229
]
} |
it was concluded that enhanced immunity in drug-cured balb/c mice was due to ( a ) antibody to the variant surface glycoprotein and ( b ) another , yet unidentified , synergistically acting immune response to the parasite . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
190,
205
]
} |
these are the first biochemical alterations in reproductive tract epithelia to be associated with the efficacy of the db3 antibody in preventing pregnancy . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
145,
154
]
} |
these results suggest that the tubulin gene cluster is transcribed as a single contiguous transcription unit yielding a primary transcript which is rapidly processed into individual mrnas by the polyadenylation and mini-exon trans splicing machineries . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
90,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0949765",
"name": "polyadenylation",
"pos": [
195,
210
]
} |
our data indicate that the expression and the possible involvement of secreted metalloproteases in tumorigenesis result from a specific interaction between the transforming factor and the target cell , which may vary in different species . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "tumorigenesis",
"pos": [
99,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C1510411",
"name": "transforming",
"pos": [
160,
172
]
} |
the effect of brain stem transection at different levels of the pons varolii and the medulla oblongata on respiration and on cough and the aspiration and expiration reflex elicited by mechanical stimulation of the relevant parts of the respiratory tract was studied in experiments on 13 anaesthetized , unparalyzed cats . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiration",
"pos": [
154,
164
]
} |
personality variables indicative of `` '' extremeness '' '' of opinion about patients included high needs for dominance , low needs for nurturance and `` '' intraception '' '' ( the ability to analyze the behavior and motives of others ) , and low self-esteem . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "the beha",
"pos": [
201,
209
]
} | {
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "and mot",
"pos": [
214,
221
]
} |
as measured by in vitro transcriptional runoff comparisons 6-48 h after surgery , nuclei from the kidney remaining after contralateral nephrectomy show an increase of up to 150 % in the rate of synthesis of ribosomal precursor rna . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
24,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
194,
203
]
} |
it has been shown that calcium ions inhibit the rate of transcription in the isolated heart and liver nuclei , with the depression of rna synthesis being the most marked . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
56,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
134,
147
]
} |
these results implied that the tumorigenic transformation of susceptible c3h 10t1/2 cells in the cocultures occurred as a result of the secretion by the adenoma cells of transforming substances in the culture media or the induction of tumorigenicity through direct cell-cell contact between the two cell types . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "tumorigenic transformation",
"pos": [
31,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C1510411",
"name": "transforming",
"pos": [
170,
182
]
} |
the exclusion of lambda is caused by the hk022 nun gene product , which blocks the expression of genes located downstream of and in the same transcription unit as the lambda nutl and nutr sequences . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
141,
154
]
} |
propagation of vasodilation in resistance vessels of the hamster : development and review of a working hypothesis . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "propagation",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
67,
78
]
} |
most human ovarian tumors are classified into one of several categories based on presumed histogenesis and direction of differentiation . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
120,
135
]
} |
the expression of these genes is regulated at the transcriptional levels by heavy metal ions , steroid hormones , interferon , interleukin 1 and phorbol esters . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
50,
65
]
} |
the expression of the cup1 gene is induced at the level of transcription by copper via cis-dominant upstream control sequences which are tandemly repeated . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
59,
72
]
} |
this paper attempts to distinguish between fact and fiction and to evaluate critically the evidence for and against the various functional roles that have been proposed for metallothionein in liver regeneration and in mammalian reproduction and development . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproduction",
"pos": [
228,
240
]
} | {
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
245,
256
]
} |
these fantasies stage characters from the infantile prehistory and family saga of a subject who may be compelled to live out in his behaviour , symptoms , dreams , or even sometimes delusions , episodes pertaining to the past existence of the 'ego 's visitors ' linked to the most archaic processes that constitute the personality . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviour",
"pos": [
132,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0013117",
"name": "dreams",
"pos": [
155,
161
]
} |
an analysis of rrna transcription in chicken embryo fibroblasts ( cefs ) revealed that the relative rates of rrna synthesis and processing and the amounts of precursor rrna per cell are similar for all three genotypes . | process_includes_biological_process | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rrna synthesis",
"pos": [
109,
123
]
} |
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