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thus in the absence of dna synthesis and maturation , the rec system can act reciprocally both in the presence and absence of the recb gene ; | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "dna synthesis",
"pos": [
23,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C1424025",
"name": "rec",
"pos": [
130,
133
]
} |
this may represent a specific form of mutagenesis or selective replication in the ski2-2 strain of [ kil-sd ] variants ( mutants ) in the normal [ kil-k ] population . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "replication",
"pos": [
63,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C1335829",
"name": "ski2",
"pos": [
82,
86
]
} |
at low concentrations the local anesthetic dibucaine stimulates hydrolysis by pancreatic phospholipase a2 of phospholipids extracted from rat liver mitochondria or microsomes , whereas at higher concentrations it inhibits . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C1418617",
"name": "pancreatic phospholipase a2",
"pos": [
78,
105
]
} |
a hitherto undescribed plasma factor acting at the contact phase of blood coagulation ( flaujeac factor ) : case report and coagulation studies . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0005778",
"name": "blood",
"pos": [
68,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C1537501",
"name": "flaujeac factor",
"pos": [
88,
103
]
} |
using various recombination deficient recipient strains , we found that the donor dna is progressively inactivated in reca , rec-34 and rech recipients , although the initial rate of expression is equivalent to that in a rec+ recipient ; | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
14,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
118,
122
]
} |
plasmid incompatibility and control of replication : copy mutants of the r-factor r1 in escherichia coli k-12 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "replication",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C1335648",
"name": "r1",
"pos": [
82,
84
]
} |
however unlike dex , csa ( 1-30 micrograms/ml ) caused inhibition of phospholipase a2 ( pla2 ) activity when assayed on the hydrolysis of a synthetic substrate by pancreatic pla2 in a cell-free system . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
124,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C1418617",
"name": "pancreatic pla2",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} |
the results are consistent with the view that intracellular ca2+ is required in chemotaxis , and in pma or fmlp activated metabolic burst , but that the role of ca2+ , or the location where ca2+ is derived from , is different and depends on function and the type of activator . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
80,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
107,
111
]
} |
these parameters included the levels of iga-containing immune complexes ( igaic ) by a specific conglutinin assay , the function of the mononuclear phagocyte system ( mps ) by the in vivo clearance of igg-sensitized erythrocytes , and complement activation as determined by c3d measurement . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
235,
245
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
274,
277
]
} |
early- and late-phase activation of complement evaluated by plasma levels of c3d , g and the terminal complement complex . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "activation",
"pos": [
22,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
77,
80
]
} |
the results suggest that there is a close but not complete correlation between early- and late-phase activation of complement , that c3d , g and the terminal complement complex have different elimination rates in vivo , and that these two indicators are valuable for evaluation of early- and late-phase activation , respectively . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "activation",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
133,
136
]
} |
effect of a lexa41 ( ts ) mutation on dna repair in reca ( def ) derivatives of escherichia coli k-12 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna repair",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
52,
56
]
} |
the tsp values were then compared to the patients plasma levels of two traditional markers of platelet activation , beta-tg and pf4 , and to fibronectin ( fn ) and von willebrand factor ( viii : vwf ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0032173",
"name": "platelet activation",
"pos": [
94,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C1336938",
"name": "vwf",
"pos": [
195,
198
]
} |
as previously reported for the hox1.1 and hox2.1 genes , differentiation of pluripotent stem cells induced by a nonchemical method is not accompanied by strong accumulation of hox2.3 transcripts . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
57,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C3540565",
"name": "hox2",
"pos": [
176,
180
]
} |
treatment of the stem cells with a chemical inducer like retinoic acid ( ra ) , and also hexamethylenebisacetamide ( hmba ) , or 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine ( budr ) , simultaneously accelerates differentiation and stimulates accumulation of hox2.3 mrna to high levels . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
191,
206
]
} | {
"id": "C3540565",
"name": "hox2",
"pos": [
238,
242
]
} |
regulation of transcription from the proto-oncogene c-myc apparently plays an important part in cellular proliferation and the genesis of diverse tumors . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1158770",
"name": "regulation",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1414672",
"name": "genesis",
"pos": [
127,
134
]
} |
the cooperative and counteracting actions of the regulatory elements described here presumably contribute to the plasticity of transcription from c-myc and may be affected by the tumorigenic damage that sometimes afflicts c-myc . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
127,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "c-myc",
"pos": [
222,
227
]
} |
the recombinant plasmid phg100 , containing a 5.2-kb dna fragment from bacteroides fragilis , complemented defects in homologous recombination , dna repair and prophage induction to various levels in an escherichia coli reca mutant strain . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
53,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
220,
224
]
} |
these results suggest that protein-binding regions remote from the catalytic site of alpha-thrombin are more important for platelet activation than gp v hydrolysis . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0032173",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C1415189",
"name": "gp v",
"pos": [
148,
152
]
} |
examples include monitorings of the rate of hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide by eel acetylcholinesterase and the rate of hydrolysis of malathion and nonconventional esters such as o-methyl , o-ethyl , and o-isobutyl carbonates of p-nitrophenol by commercial porcine liver carboxylesterase . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
44,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C1413347",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
272,
277
]
} |
although dna repair heterogeneity has been demonstrated in xpc , we have found that the preferentially repaired regions in these cells do not include the essential dhfr gene . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna repair",
"pos": [
9,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C1421540",
"name": "xpc",
"pos": [
59,
62
]
} |
dna repair may normally be regulated over the genome in a similar manner to that for transcription , and we propose that this regulation is deficient in the human dna repair deficient syndrome xpc . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna repair",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1421540",
"name": "xpc",
"pos": [
193,
196
]
} |
we find a region of preferential dna repair of approximately 60-80 kb in length with maximal dna repair efficiency at the 5 ' end of the gene and in its 5 ' flanking sequences . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012899",
"name": "dna repair",
"pos": [
33,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C1705846",
"name": "at",
"pos": [
115,
117
]
} |
we conclude that loss of chemotaxis in response to c5a/c5adesarg is the results of down-regulation of receptors for c5a and of reduced motility , and that loss of chemotaxis in response to the tripeptide fmlp is the result of reduced motility alone . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
25,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
204,
208
]
} |
using the under-agarose chemotaxis method , treatment with metekamide resulted in no change of the neutrophil 's chemotactic response to an optimal concentration of the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine ( fmlp ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
24,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
230,
234
]
} |
treatment of nih-3t3 cells with protein kinase c activators resulted in a four- to eightfold increase in the phosphorylation of murine c-abl due to modification of two serines on the c-abl protein . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0031715",
"name": "phosphorylation",
"pos": [
109,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C1704928",
"name": "abl",
"pos": [
185,
188
]
} |
however , the high degree of conservation of the phosphorylation sites for protein kinase c between human and mouse abl proteins suggests an important functional role . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0031715",
"name": "phosphorylation",
"pos": [
49,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C1704928",
"name": "abl",
"pos": [
116,
119
]
} |
these results suggest that transcriptional control of c-myc is not affected either by the anti-proliferative effects of ras or by the collaborating activities of e1a and sv40 large t antigen . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1158770",
"name": "transcriptional control",
"pos": [
27,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C1709313",
"name": "e1a",
"pos": [
162,
165
]
} |
morever at the therapeutic concentrations ( 2 to 4 x 10 ( -3 ) mg/ml ) only the chemotaxis of pmn and lgl induced by fmlp is reduced whereas there is a stimulation of the pmn response to zymosan . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
80,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
117,
121
]
} |
i compare the constitutive , ecdysterone and heat shock-induced accumulation of transcripts of five transfecting heat shock genes ( hsp82 , hsp70 , hsp28 , hsp26 and hsp23 ) to the accumulation of transcripts of their endogenous counterparts . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0282498",
"name": "heat shock",
"pos": [
45,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C1333928",
"name": "hsp28",
"pos": [
148,
153
]
} |
complement activation can be measured by determining the concentration of the activated third and fifth component of the complement cascade , namely c3a and c5a . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
157,
160
]
} |
a procedure involving digestion of minced glands with a solution of 0.1 % trypsin in s-mem tissue culture medium ( 0.1 % bsa ) for 1 hr at 37 degrees under an atmosphere of 5 % co2-95 % air yielded greater than 2.0 x 10 ( 6 ) cells per gland with 80-90 % viability . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012238",
"name": "digestion",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C1418965",
"name": "1",
"pos": [
217,
218
]
} |
our results indicate that all 23 of these ljp patients exhibited chemotaxis depression to n-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine ( fmlp ) and endotoxin-activated serum ( eas ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
138,
142
]
} |
such a contribution to control of cell proliferation by c-myc would probably be mediated by a family of genes inducing lymphokine production to stimulate proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
34,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "c-myc",
"pos": [
56,
61
]
} |
relative rates of hydrolysis by esterases in a rat liver homogenate were also dependent on steric hindrance . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
18,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C1418754",
"name": "esterases",
"pos": [
32,
41
]
} |
cells remain differentiated for up to 70 days in vitro as evidenced by their incorporation of [ 3h ] galactose and h2 ( 35 ) so4 into galactosyl and sulfogalactosylceramide , respectively . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiated",
"pos": [
13,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0919509",
"name": "h2",
"pos": [
115,
117
]
} |
furthermore , a study of complement activation , by titration of c3d showed a significant correlation between the levels of cic and of c3d in ra - , but not in ra + . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement activation",
"pos": [
25,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
135,
138
]
} |
the conditions affecting recombination of dnas of transducing lambdoid rifd phages with the chromosome of escherichia coli k-12 reca in the region of homology were studied . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
25,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
128,
132
]
} |
rifampicin-resistant clones appear in such strains with frequencies up to 10 ( -3 ) , due to recombinational ( reca-dependent ) transfer of rif-r mutations from chromosome to plmn1 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombinational",
"pos": [
93,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
111,
115
]
} |
the objective of this work was to study the effect of the extraction of phenols by methanol/acetone/water and proteolysis ( pepsin 1 hour ; trypsin 2 hours ) on the nutritional characteristics of unheated rapeseed protein as measured by weight gain , protein intake , net protein ratio , apparent digestibility and absorbed protein . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0597304",
"name": "proteolysis",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C1418970",
"name": "trypsin 2",
"pos": [
140,
149
]
} |
induction of antigen presentation capacity and mhc class ii gene expression in bone marrow macrophages derived from gm-csf-supplemented in vitro cultures . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0206431",
"name": "antigen presentation",
"pos": [
13,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0017349",
"name": "mhc class ii gene",
"pos": [
47,
64
]
} |
manipulations with an antisense gene can serve as a tool to study the effect of a particular plant gene inactivation , the interaction of gene products whose genes are coordinately expressed , or the functional analysis of cryptic genes . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0872079",
"name": "interaction",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C1705780",
"name": "cryptic genes",
"pos": [
223,
236
]
} |
neoplastic transformation of a human bronchial epithelial cell line by a recombinant retrovirus encoding viral harvey ras . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "neoplastic transformation",
"pos": [
0,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0034678",
"name": "ras",
"pos": [
118,
121
]
} |
the increased efficiency of neoplastic transformation by v-ha-ras of cell lines as compared with our previous results with normal bronchial epithelial cells [ yoakum et al. , science 227:1174-1179 , 1985 ] is consistent with the hypothesis that the `` '' immortalization '' '' step is rate-limiting in in vitro human epithelial cell carcinogenesis . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "neoplastic transformation",
"pos": [
28,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C1336923",
"name": "v-ha-ras",
"pos": [
57,
65
]
} |
we have studied the expression of several cell surface antigens in nih 3t3 cells after neoplastic transformation with activated human ras and myc oncogenes . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "neoplastic transformation",
"pos": [
87,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0034678",
"name": "ras",
"pos": [
134,
137
]
} |
we have studied the expression of several cell surface antigens in nih 3t3 cells after neoplastic transformation with activated human ras and myc oncogenes . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "neoplastic transformation",
"pos": [
87,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "myc oncogenes",
"pos": [
142,
155
]
} |
structural aspects of myosin subfragment 1 as studied by subtilisin digestion of trypsin-split s-1 ( 27 kda-50 kda-20 kda ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0012238",
"name": "digestion",
"pos": [
68,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C1418965",
"name": "trypsin",
"pos": [
81,
88
]
} |
both the nonoccupied and in vitro occupied forms of the receptors interacted with heparin-sepharose but with varying strength , as determined by ligand binding assays or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a monoclonal antibody against the steroid- and dna-binding mr approximately 94,000 glucocorticoid receptor protein . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1517880",
"name": "ligand binding",
"pos": [
145,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C1417249",
"name": "mr",
"pos": [
275,
277
]
} |
complement activation was assessed by levels of c3bi/c3d-g in plasma , measured with a monoclonal antibody specific for a neoantigen in c3d . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
136,
139
]
} |
it was observed that : each of the purified neurofilament proteins , was hydrolyzed slowly by canp2 whereas the hydrolysis of 150 kda and 68 kda proteins by canp1 & canp3 was rapid ; | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
112,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C1413109",
"name": "canp1",
"pos": [
157,
162
]
} |
a similar involvement in t-cell proliferation has been reported for ly-1 , the murine homologue of t1 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1155046",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
25,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C1413227",
"name": "t1",
"pos": [
99,
101
]
} |
phorbol ester tumour promoters can induce the transcription of a number of genes , including c-myc and c-fos . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
46,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "c-myc",
"pos": [
93,
98
]
} |
we have identified and cloned a mutant allele of the small heat shock gene hsp28 of drosophila melanogaster . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0282498",
"name": "heat shock",
"pos": [
59,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C1708296",
"name": "gene hsp28",
"pos": [
70,
80
]
} |
this was due to a selective decrease in neutrophils and monocytes , and was correlated with an increase in both leukocyte adhesiveness and complement activation , as measured by c5a elevation . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement activation",
"pos": [
139,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
178,
181
]
} |
the e. coli strain used was constructed to carry mutations in genes associated with mismatch repair and recombination ( muth , mutu , and reca ) so that the processing of the heteroduplex dna by the bacterium was minimal . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
104,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
138,
142
]
} |
in contrast to other saccharomyces cerevisiae rad genes involved in nucleotide excision repair of dna , the rad4 gene could not be isolated by screening a yeast genomic library for recombinant plasmids which complement the uv sensitivity of rad4 mutants ( pure et al. , j . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0524550",
"name": "nucleotide",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C1421540",
"name": "rad4",
"pos": [
241,
245
]
} |
the ovarian , ecdysterone , and heat-shock-responsive promoters of the drosophila melanogaster hsp27 gene react very differently to perturbations of dna sequence . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0282498",
"name": "heat-shock",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C1708296",
"name": "hsp27 gene",
"pos": [
95,
105
]
} |
the effect of various types of dna sequence alterations on the activity of the ovarian , ecdysterone , and heat-shock-responsive promoters of the drosophila melanogaster hsp27 gene was studied by p element-mediated germ line transformation . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0282498",
"name": "heat-shock",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C1708296",
"name": "hsp27 gene",
"pos": [
170,
180
]
} |
selection and characterization of t-cell variants lacking molecules involved in t-cell activation ( t3 t-cell receptor , t44 , and t11 ) : analysis of the functional relationship among different pathways of activation . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1155065",
"name": "t-cell activation",
"pos": [
80,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C1707096",
"name": "t44",
"pos": [
121,
124
]
} |
however , the phosphorylation of exogenous substrate by p56 was lower when the tyrosine kinase was immunocomplexed by the antibody against the amino terminal region than when the kinase was complexed by the phosphorylation site antibody . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0031715",
"name": "phosphorylation",
"pos": [
14,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C1332736",
"name": "p56",
"pos": [
56,
59
]
} |
another open reading frame , with a translational start codon which overlaps the translational stop codons of the pyrf gene , encodes a polypeptide of 11513 da . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1519614",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C1336806",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
81,
94
]
} |
unlike o2- production , pmn random migration and chemotaxis in response to c5a or fmlp did not differ significantly from normal or untreated patient controls . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
49,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} |
ibuprofen also inhibited in a concentration-dependent fashion both directed migration ( chemotaxis ) and stimulated random migration ( chemokinesis ) of neutrophils exposed to either fmlp or c5a . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
191,
194
]
} |
plasma samples from 34 individuals were incubated with air bubbles , and the concentration of the fluid phase metabolites of complement activation c3a , c4a , and c5a were measured with radioimmunoassays . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement activation",
"pos": [
125,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
163,
166
]
} |
circulating immune complexes ( cic ) and complement activation ( plasma c3d levels ) were monitored during a 2-week period in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms and also in patients with cerebral hematoma unrelated to saccular aneurysms . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement activation",
"pos": [
41,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
72,
75
]
} |
the hydrolysis rate in fractionated plasma was determined in the presence and absence of a plasma esterase inhibitor , tetraethyl pyrophosphate . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C1418754",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
140,
141
]
} |
we showed directly that the protease activity responsible for the release of the capsid protein resides in the capsid itself : by progressive truncation of the cdna used for the sp6 transcription , we showed that a precursor containing as few as 38 residues of the p62 protein left at the c terminus of the capsid was still very efficiently cleaved in vitro . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
182,
195
]
} | {
"id": "C1333723",
"name": "p62",
"pos": [
265,
268
]
} |
complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1155872",
"name": "cell cycle",
"pos": [
69,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C1707108",
"name": "cdc2",
"pos": [
93,
97
]
} |
we conclude that [ 3h ] phenoxybenzamine can be used as an affinity probe for the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor and that the ligand binding site of the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor resides in a mr = 80,000 protein . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1517880",
"name": "ligand binding",
"pos": [
123,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C1417249",
"name": "mr",
"pos": [
191,
193
]
} |
the red genes of phage lambda specify two proteins , exonuclease and beta protein , which are essential for its general genetic recombination in reca- cells . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "genetic recombination",
"pos": [
120,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
145,
149
]
} |
chemotaxis was performed using a 48-well chamber and the chemoattractants activated serum ( c5a ) and fmlp and was proven by checkerboard analysis . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1367710",
"name": "c5a",
"pos": [
92,
95
]
} |
chemotaxis was performed using a 48-well chamber and the chemoattractants activated serum ( c5a ) and fmlp and was proven by checkerboard analysis . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0008018",
"name": "chemotaxis",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1333574",
"name": "fmlp",
"pos": [
102,
106
]
} |
purification and characterization of the copb replication control protein , and precise mapping of its target site in the r1 plasmid . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "replication",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C1335648",
"name": "r1",
"pos": [
122,
124
]
} |
complement activation was assessed by the hydrolysis of c3 protein into c3c fragment in contrast medium-incubated serum . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3c",
"pos": [
72,
75
]
} |
reca protein , which is essential for genetic recombination in escherichia coli , was extensively purified from a strain of e. coli which contained the reca gene cloned in a plasmid ( sancar , a. , and rupp , w. d. ( 1979 ) proc . natl . acad . sci . u. s. a . 76 , 3144-3148 ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "genetic recombination",
"pos": [
38,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
152,
156
]
} |
in addition , they are unable to grow on recombination-deficient bacteria of the reca class , but they can grow on reca recb double mutants . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
41,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
115,
119
]
} |
we propose that the human c-myc gene expression is regulated by a post-transcriptional mechanism based on the formation of a hairpin structure between c-myc mrna exons 1 and 2 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
71,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "c-myc",
"pos": [
151,
156
]
} |
endonucleolytic hydrolysis of the penultimate phosphodiester occurs removing ptpr ' and generating a normal 3'-oh end . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
16,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C1419124",
"name": "ptpr",
"pos": [
77,
81
]
} |
recovery of dna synthesis after uv irradiation ( `` '' induced replisome reactivation , '' '' or irr ) is an sos function requiring reca protein and postirradiation synthesis of additional protein ( s ) , but this recovery does not require umudc protein [ khidhir , m. a. , casaregola , s. & holland , i. b . ( 1985 ) mol . gen. genet . 199 , 133-140 ] . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "dna synthesis",
"pos": [
12,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C2239486",
"name": ". g",
"pos": [
327,
330
]
} |
limited hydrolysis of de-3 with trypsin at ph 3.2 produced two fragments , f1 and f2 , containing 63 and 109 amino acids , respectively . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolysis",
"pos": [
8,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C1418970",
"name": "trypsin",
"pos": [
32,
39
]
} |
based on these observations and recent observations by other groups on the hematopoietic effects of other monokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha , we argue that mononuclear phagocytes serve as important regulators of hematopoiesis by producing monokines that , in turn , induce the expression of multiple hematopoietic growth factor genes in stromal cells of the hematopoietic microenvironment . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0018951",
"name": "hematopoiesis",
"pos": [
226,
239
]
} | {
"id": "C1708434",
"name": "hematopoietic growth factor genes",
"pos": [
314,
347
]
} |
ief electrophoresis revealed three alpha-naphthyl phosphate hydrolytic acp isozymes within the ph 4.5-5.5 range ( i.e . acp4.8 , acp5.3 and acp5.5 ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0020291",
"name": "hydrolytic",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C1412133",
"name": "acp5",
"pos": [
140,
144
]
} |
furthermore , it was found that the mutational nitroarenes produced mostly dna damage , which is subject to recombination repair in the rec assay system using bacillus subtilis . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1158512",
"name": "recombination repair",
"pos": [
108,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C1424025",
"name": "rec",
"pos": [
136,
139
]
} |
using iontophoretic techniques we observed that in vivo isapirone ( tvx q 7821 ) , a selective ligand for the 5-ht1a binding site , at low ejection currents ( 5-30 na ) antagonised 5-ht and 8-hydroxy-2- ( di-n-propylamino ) tetralin ( dpat ) -induced suppression of hippocampal unit activity , with little effect on baseline firing rate itself . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1517880",
"name": "ligand",
"pos": [
95,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C3538902",
"name": "di",
"pos": [
205,
207
]
} |
genetic recombination was studied in e. coli mutants that carry lesions in the reca gene but retain some capacity for generating recombinant progeny . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "genetic recombination",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
79,
83
]
} |
we observed that recombination was detectable only at a very low level during the incubation of leaky reca- merozygotes in broth . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
102,
106
]
} |
the strong inhibitory effect of actp on plasmid replication is not influenced by the polb mutation and mimicks the effects of thermal inactivation of polc extracts . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0598312",
"name": "replication",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C1335230",
"name": "polb",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} |
current models suggest that ag undergoes proteolytic cleavage in apc and that resultant peptide fragments associate with class ii histocompatibility glycoproteins before recognition by helper t cells . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0597304",
"name": "proteolytic",
"pos": [
41,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C3540812",
"name": "apc",
"pos": [
65,
68
]
} |
it was also dependent upon a subset of the genes involved in the recf recombination pathway : in addition to the previously reported reca , recf and recj mutations , a reco and a recq mutation showed a total and a partial suppression , respectively , of the instability . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
70,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
133,
137
]
} |
peripheral t-lymphocyte activation by human t-cell leukemia virus type i interferes with the cd2 but not with the cd3/tcr pathway . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1155065",
"name": "t-lymphocyte activation",
"pos": [
11,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C1367475",
"name": "cd2",
"pos": [
93,
96
]
} |
although this region also exhibited homologies to other transcriptional control elements , the simian virus 40 enhancer , and the adenovirus e1a enhancer , only the gc box and tata box appear functional . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1158770",
"name": "transcriptional control",
"pos": [
56,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C1709313",
"name": "e1a",
"pos": [
141,
144
]
} |
treatment of these leukemic clones with hematopoietic proteins that do not induce differentiation did not induce il-6 or gm-csf gene expression . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
82,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C1333104",
"name": "gm-csf gene",
"pos": [
121,
132
]
} |
expression of a human multidrug resistance cdna ( mdr1 ) in the bone marrow of transgenic mice : resistance to daunomycin-induced leukopenia . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0242640",
"name": "multidrug resistance",
"pos": [
22,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0376622",
"name": "mdr1",
"pos": [
50,
54
]
} |
repair of the listed mismatches was severely impaired in the putative s. cerevisiae dna mismatch repair mutants pms1 and pms2 . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1155661",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
84,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0879391",
"name": "pms2",
"pos": [
121,
125
]
} |
this carbon source regulation of transcription was found to be mediated , in part , via regulation of rap1 binding to the ac sequence . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1158770",
"name": "regulation",
"pos": [
19,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C1426113",
"name": "rap1",
"pos": [
102,
106
]
} |
restoration of a translational stop-start overlap reinstates translational coupling in a mutant trpb'-trpa gene pair of the escherichia coli tryptophan operon . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C1519614",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C1336806",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
61,
74
]
} |
complement activation leads to changes in the electrophoretic mobility of chicken c3 and to a decrease in mol.wt to 144,000 corresponding to the release of a 15,000 c3a and a 34,000 c3d/c3dg fragment . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0009528",
"name": "complement activation",
"pos": [
0,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C1332656",
"name": "c3d",
"pos": [
186,
189
]
} |
the search for the genetic targets responsible for tumorigenesis has led to the identification of a number of cancer genes or cellular oncogenes ( c-oncogenes ) . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "tumorigenesis",
"pos": [
51,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0029016",
"name": "cancer genes",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} |
significant elevation of transcription of the n-myc oncogene was detected in the blastemal cells of the most malignant wilms ' tumours , whereas a marked decrease in the expression of hla class i , at both rna and protein levels was observed in the same cells . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
25,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0086661",
"name": "myc",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} |
here we have used z-dna affinity chromatography to purify a peptide of approximately 120 kilodaltons from a human tumor cell line that catalyzes a simple recombination strand-transfer reaction similar to one developed for the characterization of the reca and rec1 proteins . | process_involves_gene | {
"id": "C0034865",
"name": "recombination",
"pos": [
154,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C1419240",
"name": "reca",
"pos": [
250,
254
]
} |
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