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the mean therapeutic dose of chlorpromazine for the manic state was found to be much lower in japanese than in western populations in a controlled study comparing the antimanic efficacy of carbamazepine and chlorpromazine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0242911",
"name": "antimanic",
"pos": [
167,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0006949",
"name": "carbamazepine",
"pos": [
189,
202
]
} |
a series of 26 randomly selected serum samples from patients receiving long-term antiarrhythmic therapy with oral quinidine preparation were assayed by both a modification of the extraction fluorescence technique and high-pressure liquid chromatography , with highly comparable results ( r = 0.98 ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
81,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
114,
123
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic effects of intravenously administered lignocaine and mexiletine were compared over a period of 48 hr in a randomized trial on 24 patients who developed ventricular tachyarrhythmias within 48 hr of the onset of acute myocardial infarction . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lignocaine",
"pos": [
57,
67
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic effects of intravenously administered lignocaine and mexiletine were compared over a period of 48 hr in a randomized trial on 24 patients who developed ventricular tachyarrhythmias within 48 hr of the onset of acute myocardial infarction . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0025887",
"name": "mexiletine",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic drugs ajmaline , prajmalium , disopyramide , quinidine , lidocaine , propranolol and verapamil , given i.v . or orally , were screened for their threshold-raising potency . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
49,
61
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic drugs ajmaline , prajmalium , disopyramide , quinidine , lidocaine , propranolol and verapamil , given i.v . or orally , were screened for their threshold-raising potency . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
64,
73
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic drugs ajmaline , prajmalium , disopyramide , quinidine , lidocaine , propranolol and verapamil , given i.v . or orally , were screened for their threshold-raising potency . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
76,
85
]
} |
convulsions were induced by the antidepressants in all conscious rabbits and the order of potency of the drugs in producing this effect was amitriptyline greater than or equal to imipramine greater than maprotiline greater than mianserin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
32,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
140,
153
]
} |
convulsions were induced by the antidepressants in all conscious rabbits and the order of potency of the drugs in producing this effect was amitriptyline greater than or equal to imipramine greater than maprotiline greater than mianserin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
32,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
179,
189
]
} |
for the other antidepressants : protriptyline , desmethylimipramine , doxepin , clomipramine , maprotiline , and butriptyline , a significant relationship ( if any ) awaits further elucidation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
14,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0033743",
"name": "protriptyline",
"pos": [
32,
45
]
} |
for the other antidepressants : protriptyline , desmethylimipramine , doxepin , clomipramine , maprotiline , and butriptyline , a significant relationship ( if any ) awaits further elucidation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
14,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0011685",
"name": "desmethylimipramine",
"pos": [
48,
67
]
} |
for the other antidepressants : protriptyline , desmethylimipramine , doxepin , clomipramine , maprotiline , and butriptyline , a significant relationship ( if any ) awaits further elucidation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
14,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0013085",
"name": "doxepin",
"pos": [
70,
77
]
} |
for the other antidepressants : protriptyline , desmethylimipramine , doxepin , clomipramine , maprotiline , and butriptyline , a significant relationship ( if any ) awaits further elucidation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
14,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0009010",
"name": "clomipramine",
"pos": [
80,
92
]
} |
a 4 year trial to treat tardive dyskinesia by a very slow progressive stepwise diminution of the neuroleptic dose and of antiparkinsonian agents as well as by administration of small , slowly increasing and then decreasing doses of reserpine or haloperidol was conducted on 62 chronic schizophrenic patients . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
97,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
245,
256
]
} |
the antiepileptic effects of carbamazepine and phenytoin were compared in a double-blind crossover trial studying patients with primary and secondary generalized seizures and partial seizures with motor symptoms . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003299",
"name": "antiepileptic",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0031507",
"name": "phenytoin",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} |
unwinding angles for the structurally related antimalarial drugs chloroquine and quinacrine have been determined with superhelical col e1 plasmid dna by applying the quantitative method developed by vinograd and co-workers ( revet , b.m. , schmir , m. and vinograd , j . ( 1971 ) nat . new biol . 229 , 10 ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial drugs",
"pos": [
46,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
65,
76
]
} |
the antimalarial drug primaquine was analysed in plasma and urine by gas chromatography mass spectrometry , using a deuterated internal standard . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial drug",
"pos": [
4,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0033126",
"name": "primaquine",
"pos": [
22,
32
]
} |
antibacterial activity and synergy , in vitro and in vivo , of a combination of amoxycillin and flucloxacillin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxycillin",
"pos": [
80,
91
]
} |
the antibacterial activity of a combination of equal parts of amoxycillin and flucloxacillin was compared in vitro and in vivo with that of amoxycillin and flucloxacillin against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxycillin",
"pos": [
140,
151
]
} |
in order to estimate the relative anti-arrhythmic effect of procainamide and n-acetyl-procainamide , 18 randomly selected , patients with arrhythmia were divided into two groups ; | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "anti-arrhythmic",
"pos": [
34,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0033216",
"name": "procainamide",
"pos": [
86,
98
]
} |
the assessment of severity of illness and overall improvement indicated clearly the superiority of the antidepressive effect of amoxapine to that of imipramine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
103,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0002644",
"name": "amoxapine",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
the assessment of severity of illness and overall improvement indicated clearly the superiority of the antidepressive effect of amoxapine to that of imipramine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
103,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} |
the onset of antidepressive effect of amoxapine was clearly more rapid than that of imipramine , and in more than half of the patients in the amoxapine group the improvement was seen within four days following the drug administration . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
13,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
84,
94
]
} |
the onset of antidepressive effect of amoxapine was clearly more rapid than that of imipramine , and in more than half of the patients in the amoxapine group the improvement was seen within four days following the drug administration . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
13,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0002644",
"name": "amoxapine",
"pos": [
142,
151
]
} |
the antidepressive effect of amoxaphine was superior to that of imipramine for almost all symptoms and signs . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} |
examination of these isolates for resistance to 6 standard antimicrobials revealed that 17 ( 9.4 % ) strains were resistant to the tetracyclines , 2 strains to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and 1 strain to both tetracycline and chloramphenicol . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
59,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0039644",
"name": "tetracycline",
"pos": [
212,
224
]
} |
it has an antibacterial activity and spectrum similar to that of ampicillin and is destroyed by gram-positive and gram-negative beta-lactamases . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
10,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} |
valproic acid is a promising antiepileptic drug with broad-spectrum activity , and is particularly useful in the treatment of absence and myoclonic seizures , although further clinical experience is required before it can supplant ethosuximide as the preferred drug for the treatment of absence seizures . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003299",
"name": "antiepileptic drug",
"pos": [
29,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0015043",
"name": "ethosuximide",
"pos": [
231,
243
]
} |
[ on the determination of antimalarials in body fluids . 5. field test on the quantitative demonstration of primaquine in the urine ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarials",
"pos": [
26,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0033126",
"name": "primaquine",
"pos": [
108,
118
]
} |
relationship of the amygdala to the mechanism of actin of two types of antidepressants ( thiazenone and imipramine ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
71,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
104,
114
]
} |
[ experimental study of an antimalarial drug , haloquine ( cycloquine ) . iv . comparison of the prophylactic action of haloquine and chloroquine used in equal doses ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial drug",
"pos": [
27,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
134,
145
]
} |
[ evaluation in vitro of the antibacterial activity of some antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents on germs in sputum . 3. the antibiotics of the streptomycin group ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
29,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
147,
159
]
} |
the antibacterial spectrum of this agent was surpassed only by parenteral kanamycin , which is potentially ototoxic . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0022487",
"name": "kanamycin",
"pos": [
74,
83
]
} |
prior administration of the neuroleptic agent haloperidol blocked the effect of da agonists and of ergot alkaloids in both animal models . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic agent",
"pos": [
28,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} |
while not altering the basal level of the nucleotide , clinically effective antipsychotic drugs caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the limbic noradrenergic cyclic amp response with clozapine and pimozide being particularly potent ( ic50 0.06 and 0.08 mum , respectively ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic drugs",
"pos": [
76,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
198,
206
]
} |
cyclic guanosine 3 ' ,5'-monophosphate ( cyclic gmp ) levels were increased in incubated tissue slices from rat cerebral cortex in response to added cholinomimetic agents ( carbachol and choline chloride ) and neuroleptic compounds ( chlorpromazine , 8-hydroxychlorpromazine , 7-hydroxychlorpromazine methiodide , haloperidol , thioridazine , chlorpromazine sulfoxide and promethazine ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
210,
221
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
314,
325
]
} |
prematurity is shown to be a necessary prerequisite for central nervous system vacuolation to occur during routine antiseptic skin care of newborn infants with 3 % hexachlorophene emulsions . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003205",
"name": "antiseptic",
"pos": [
115,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0019435",
"name": "hexachlorophene",
"pos": [
164,
179
]
} |
in addition , examination of cumulative response records revealed that rather than producing an extinction curve , as would be predicted if neuroleptics reduced the rewarding properties of ics , haloperidol produced a uniform decrease in the rate of responding throughout the experimental session . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
140,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
195,
206
]
} |
modulation of reward and aversion processes in the rat diencephalon by neuroleptics : differential effects of clozapine and haloperidol . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
71,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
124,
135
]
} |
the activity of na+ , k+-atpase from bovine brain in vitro was studied as affected by some neuroleptics ( levomepromazine , chlorpromazine , perphenazine and haloperidol ) , antidepressants ( imipramine and iproniazid ) and psychostimulants ( amphetamine ) as well as by benactyzine and procaine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
91,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
158,
169
]
} |
the activity of na+ , k+-atpase from bovine brain in vitro was studied as affected by some neuroleptics ( levomepromazine , chlorpromazine , perphenazine and haloperidol ) , antidepressants ( imipramine and iproniazid ) and psychostimulants ( amphetamine ) as well as by benactyzine and procaine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
174,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
192,
202
]
} |
the most typical effect of the antidepressant imipramine was a dose dependent reduction of rem-sleep duration in both species , without impairment of nrem-sleep . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
31,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
46,
56
]
} |
if behavioral tests in animals can be related to the clinical effects of neuroleptic drugs , those effects of haloperidol severely reduced by scopolamine may be related to extrapyramidal effects . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
73,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} |
norepinephrine secretion and resorption may be influenced by antiarrhythmic drugs in vivo : after lidocaine , there was no change of the tyramine dependend norepinephrine depletion of rat hearts , verapamil inhibited the uptake of norepinephrine by rat hearts . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
61,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
98,
107
]
} |
[ in vitro antibacterial effects of spectinomycin and penicillin g on neisseria gonorrhoeae singly and in combination ( author 's transl ) ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
11,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
54,
66
]
} |
the antibacterial effects of spectinomycin and penicillin g on clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae were studied . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} |
in addition , the effects of a treatment with 2 neuroleptics , having a different action on dopamine receptors , i.e . haloperidol and sulpiride , on the same biochemical parameters were examined . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
48,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
119,
130
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic effects of amiodarone hydrochloride 200 to 600 mg/daily were studied in 25 patients with ventricular tachycardia ( vt ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0700442",
"name": "amiodarone hydrochloride",
"pos": [
30,
54
]
} |
this report summarizes the results of a randomized , double-blind , parallel group , multicenter study which compared the antiarrhythmic activity and safety of oral disopyramide phosphate and oral quinidine sulfate . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
122,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0700534",
"name": "disopyramide phosphate",
"pos": [
165,
187
]
} |
this report summarizes the results of a randomized , double-blind , parallel group , multicenter study which compared the antiarrhythmic activity and safety of oral disopyramide phosphate and oral quinidine sulfate . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
122,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0034415",
"name": "quinidine sulfate",
"pos": [
197,
214
]
} |
combinations of edta-tromethamine and 7 antimicrobial agents [ chloramphenicol , nalidixic acid , oxytetracycline , penicillin , polymyxin b , streptomycin , and triple sulfa ( sulfamethazine , sulfapyridine , and sulfathiazole ] ) were tested for synergistic activities against escherichia coli . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agents",
"pos": [
40,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0030092",
"name": "oxytetracycline",
"pos": [
98,
113
]
} |
a potentiated production of [ 14c ] melatonin ( [ 14c ] mt ) with a simultaneous decline in [ 14c ] serotonin ( [ 14c ] 5-ht ) conversion to its final metabolite [ 14c ] 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid ( [ 14c ] 5-hiaa ) was recorded in a rat pineal medium cultured with [ 14c ] tryptophan and either a neuroleptic [ haloperidol ( hal ) or chloropromazine ( cpz ) ] or an antidepressant [ desipramine ( dip ) ] drug . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
299,
310
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
313,
324
]
} |
a potentiated production of [ 14c ] melatonin ( [ 14c ] mt ) with a simultaneous decline in [ 14c ] serotonin ( [ 14c ] 5-ht ) conversion to its final metabolite [ 14c ] 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid ( [ 14c ] 5-hiaa ) was recorded in a rat pineal medium cultured with [ 14c ] tryptophan and either a neuroleptic [ haloperidol ( hal ) or chloropromazine ( cpz ) ] or an antidepressant [ desipramine ( dip ) ] drug . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
368,
382
]
} | {
"id": "C0011685",
"name": "desipramine",
"pos": [
385,
396
]
} |
a difference between the pharmacological groups of drugs was evident only in [ 14c ] 5-ht levels , which were found significantly elevated in the presence of the neuroleptic hal and reduced in the presence of the tricyclic antidepressant dip . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
162,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "hal",
"pos": [
174,
177
]
} |
the antifungal potency of bifonazole relative to that of clotrimazole and miconazole varied from strains to strains or from species to species . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0025942",
"name": "miconazole",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic , local anesthetic and acute local and systemic toxic effects of dl-n- ( 2-hydroxyethyl ) -pipecolinyl-2,6-dimethylanilide ( al-s-1249 , droxicainide ) and lidocaine were compared in animals . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
175,
184
]
} |
the interaction of these three parameters in individual patients determined the duration of the antiarrhythmic action of propafenone during washout ( mean 11.5 hr , range 4 to 22 ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
96,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
121,
132
]
} |
chronic administration of the antidepressant drugs imipramine and clorgyline delays the timing of the peak number of many receptors . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} |
mannitol is fermented by e coli to potentially explosive gas mixtures unless oral antimicrobials ( neomycin and metronidazole ) are used immediately before operation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
82,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0025872",
"name": "metronidazole",
"pos": [
112,
125
]
} |
sulconazole nitrate cream 1 % , a new topical imidazole compound with a broad antifungal activity , was compared to its vehicle and to miconazole nitrate cream 2 % in two double-blind parallel studies involving 96 patients with cutaneous candidiasis . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal",
"pos": [
78,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0978637",
"name": "miconazole",
"pos": [
135,
145
]
} |
in addition to the sucrose content further selective measures include the addition of antibacterial antibiotics chloramphenicol and chlortetracycline ( 50 mg/l ) , the fungicides rose bengal ( 25 mg/l each ) , and pentachloronitrobenzene ( 1 g/l ) and a low incubation temperature ( 20 degrees c ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
86,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
112,
127
]
} |
the value of the fic index as a predictor of synergy has been investigated using the antibacterial agents alafosfalin and cephalexin combined together with themselves in fully blind experiments . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial agents",
"pos": [
85,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
122,
132
]
} |
simple and rapid quantitative analysis utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to determine the concentration of the antiepileptic agent phenytoin , and its main metabolite hydroxyphenytoin , in human urine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003299",
"name": "antiepileptic",
"pos": [
140,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0031507",
"name": "phenytoin",
"pos": [
203,
212
]
} |
comparison of the antibacterial spectra of cephalexin and cefaclor with those of cephalothin and newer cephalosporins : reevaluation of the class representative concept of susceptibility testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
18,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
43,
53
]
} |
comparison of the antibacterial spectra of cephalexin and cefaclor with those of cephalothin and newer cephalosporins : reevaluation of the class representative concept of susceptibility testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
18,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
58,
66
]
} |
the lower antibacterial effectiveness of cephalothin compared with ampicillin in group d streptococci was paralleled by the higher concentrations of cephalothin needed in competition assays to inhibit the lower molecular size pbps of these bacteria . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
10,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
67,
77
]
} |
all antipsychotic drugs examined acutely ( haloperidol , l-sulpiride , chlorpromazine , and clozapine ) increased the number of spontaneously firing da neurons in both a9 and a10 compared to controls . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic drugs",
"pos": [
4,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
43,
54
]
} |
the effects of intravenous administration of several quinidine-like antiarrhythmic drugs ( bunaftine , monochloroacetyl ajmaline , lidocaine , mexiletine , disopyramide , aprindine , diphenylhydantoin , procainamide ) on left ventricular performance , evaluated by systolic time intervals ( sti ) , were studied in 100 patients with atherosclerotic heart disease . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
68,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
131,
140
]
} |
the effects of intravenous administration of several quinidine-like antiarrhythmic drugs ( bunaftine , monochloroacetyl ajmaline , lidocaine , mexiletine , disopyramide , aprindine , diphenylhydantoin , procainamide ) on left ventricular performance , evaluated by systolic time intervals ( sti ) , were studied in 100 patients with atherosclerotic heart disease . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
68,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0025887",
"name": "mexiletine",
"pos": [
143,
153
]
} |
the effects of intravenous administration of several quinidine-like antiarrhythmic drugs ( bunaftine , monochloroacetyl ajmaline , lidocaine , mexiletine , disopyramide , aprindine , diphenylhydantoin , procainamide ) on left ventricular performance , evaluated by systolic time intervals ( sti ) , were studied in 100 patients with atherosclerotic heart disease . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
68,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
156,
168
]
} |
the effects of intravenous administration of several quinidine-like antiarrhythmic drugs ( bunaftine , monochloroacetyl ajmaline , lidocaine , mexiletine , disopyramide , aprindine , diphenylhydantoin , procainamide ) on left ventricular performance , evaluated by systolic time intervals ( sti ) , were studied in 100 patients with atherosclerotic heart disease . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
68,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0033216",
"name": "procainamide",
"pos": [
203,
215
]
} |
pretreatment of rats with small doses of the antipsychotic drug , molindone , enhanced the stereotyped behavioral response to amphetamine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic drug",
"pos": [
45,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0026388",
"name": "molindone",
"pos": [
66,
75
]
} |
antischizophrenic neuroleptic drugs of the diphenylbutylpiperidine class , which includes pimozide , fluspirilene , penfluridol , and clopimozide , inhibit [ 3h ] nitrendipine binding with ic50 values of 13-30 nm . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic drugs",
"pos": [
18,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
137,
145
]
} |
a new antimicrobial drug combination of trimethoprim and methenamine hippurate ( tmp + mh ) at 2 different dosages ( 100 + 500 mg and 200 + 1000 mg b.i.d . ) was compared by a random double-blind technique with plain tmp ( 200 mg b.i.d . ) and tmp-sulfamethoxazole combination ( 160 mg + 800 mg b.i.d . ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial drug",
"pos": [
6,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0038689",
"name": "sulfamethoxazole",
"pos": [
248,
264
]
} |
a series of neuroleptic drugs ( five phenothiazines , imipramine , and pimozide ) and the smooth muscle relaxant w-7 , which all inhibit calcium-calmodulin-activated processes inhibited rat mast cell secretion elicited by antigen , by 48/80 , and by the calcium ionophore a23187 . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic drugs",
"pos": [
12,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
71,
79
]
} |
intracellular microelectrode recording techniques were used to elucidate the mechanism of the antiarrhythmic action of disopyramide in an isolated rabbit ventricular muscle perfused by hypoxic tyrode 's solution . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
94,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} |
the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefoperazone ( cpz ) , ceftizoxime ( czx ) , cefmenoxime ( cmx ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotiam ( ctm ) , cefazolin ( cez ) , gentamicin ( gm ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) were investigated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
32,
42
]
} |
the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefoperazone ( cpz ) , ceftizoxime ( czx ) , cefmenoxime ( cmx ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotiam ( ctm ) , cefazolin ( cez ) , gentamicin ( gm ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) were investigated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cefoperazone",
"pos": [
53,
65
]
} |
the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefoperazone ( cpz ) , ceftizoxime ( czx ) , cefmenoxime ( cmx ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotiam ( ctm ) , cefazolin ( cez ) , gentamicin ( gm ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) were investigated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0007560",
"name": "ceftizoxime",
"pos": [
76,
87
]
} |
the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefoperazone ( cpz ) , ceftizoxime ( czx ) , cefmenoxime ( cmx ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotiam ( ctm ) , cefazolin ( cez ) , gentamicin ( gm ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) were investigated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0007546",
"name": "cefazolin",
"pos": [
160,
169
]
} |
antibacterial activities of cefotiam ( ctm ) , cefazolin ( cez ) and cefmetazole ( cmz ) against various causative organisms isolated from clinical materials were investigated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0007546",
"name": "cefazolin",
"pos": [
47,
56
]
} |
especially against e. coli and klebsiella , ctm showed superior antibacterial activities to other antibiotics , cmz and cez . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0007546",
"name": "cez",
"pos": [
120,
123
]
} |
tissue concentrations of amoxapine , a new antidepressant with antipsychotic properties , were determined in two cases in which amoxapine was taken in overdose . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
43,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0002644",
"name": "amoxapine",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
[ comparison of the hamilton depression rating scale and the self rating scale bs ( v. zerssen ) within a double blind study on the antidepressant effects of trazodone verus amitriptyline ( author 's transl ) ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
132,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
174,
187
]
} |
the following results were obtained : by the statistical analysis of the hrs scores no difference in the antidepressant properties of trazodone and amitriptyline can be demonstrated . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
105,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
148,
161
]
} |
chronic treatment of rats with the antipsychotic drug molindone ( 2.5 mg/kg ) did not elicit behavioral supersensitivity to apomorphine ( ap ) ( 0.25 mg/kg ) or increased striatal 3h-spiroperidol binding , whereas treatment with haloperidol ( 0.5-1.0 mg/kg ) produced manifestations of dopaminergic supersensitivity in both paradigms . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic drug",
"pos": [
35,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0026388",
"name": "molindone",
"pos": [
54,
63
]
} |
chronic treatment of rats with the antipsychotic drug molindone ( 2.5 mg/kg ) did not elicit behavioral supersensitivity to apomorphine ( ap ) ( 0.25 mg/kg ) or increased striatal 3h-spiroperidol binding , whereas treatment with haloperidol ( 0.5-1.0 mg/kg ) produced manifestations of dopaminergic supersensitivity in both paradigms . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic drug",
"pos": [
35,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
229,
240
]
} |
antidepressive effect and pharmacokinetics of amitriptyline with consideration of unbound drug and 10-hydroxynortriptyline plasma levels . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
46,
59
]
} |
we have studied the in vitro effects of two antiarrhythmic drugs , verapamil and disopyramide , and have shown their inhibitory effect on platelet function . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
44,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} |
the effects of the anthelmintics febantel and mebendazole on heterakis spumosa were investigated by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003158",
"name": "anthelmintics",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0025023",
"name": "mebendazole",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} |
a controlled test was used in ponies to compare the antiparasitic efficacy of ivermectin ( 22,23-dihydro-avermectin b1 ) in an injectable micelle solution administered im with the efficacy of the same drug in an oral paste formulation . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003404",
"name": "antiparasitic",
"pos": [
52,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0022322",
"name": "ivermectin",
"pos": [
78,
88
]
} |
the in vitro activity of a new oral antimicrobial agent , norfloxacin ( mk-0366 ) , was compared with those of nalidixic acid , nitrofurantoin , co-trimoxazole , trimethoprim , sulfamethoxazole , cinoxacin , tetracycline , ampicillin , carbenicillin , and cephalexin against 628 urinary bacterial isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agent",
"pos": [
36,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0028365",
"name": "norfloxacin",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} |
the in vitro activity of a new oral antimicrobial agent , norfloxacin ( mk-0366 ) , was compared with those of nalidixic acid , nitrofurantoin , co-trimoxazole , trimethoprim , sulfamethoxazole , cinoxacin , tetracycline , ampicillin , carbenicillin , and cephalexin against 628 urinary bacterial isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agent",
"pos": [
36,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0038689",
"name": "sulfamethoxazole",
"pos": [
177,
193
]
} |
the in vitro activity of a new oral antimicrobial agent , norfloxacin ( mk-0366 ) , was compared with those of nalidixic acid , nitrofurantoin , co-trimoxazole , trimethoprim , sulfamethoxazole , cinoxacin , tetracycline , ampicillin , carbenicillin , and cephalexin against 628 urinary bacterial isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agent",
"pos": [
36,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0039644",
"name": "tetracycline",
"pos": [
208,
220
]
} |
adequate antibacterial levels of cephradine were achieved in all serum samples , 8 of 9 samples of choledochal bile , 6 of 12 samples of cholecystic bile and all 12 samples of gall bladder wall in the group receiving a single intravenous dose , compared to only 4 of 12 serum samples , 6 of 11 choledochal bile samples , 6 of 10 cholecystic bile samples , and only 3 of 12 samples of gall bladder wall in the group receiving oral cephradine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
9,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0007738",
"name": "cephradine",
"pos": [
430,
440
]
} |
the neuroleptics haloperidol and clozapine and the antidepressants amitriptyline , nomifensine and mianserin all suppressed the grooming response in a dose-dependent manner . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
17,
28
]
} |
the neuroleptics haloperidol and clozapine and the antidepressants amitriptyline , nomifensine and mianserin all suppressed the grooming response in a dose-dependent manner . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
51,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
67,
80
]
} |
a sensitive , rapid and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic ( hplc ) method has been developed to measure plasma levels of pyrimethamine in human subjects dosed with the antimalarials fansidar or fansidar and mefloquine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarials",
"pos": [
184,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0025153",
"name": "mefloquine",
"pos": [
223,
233
]
} |
the method was shown to be specific with respect to the other two components in the antimalarial combinations , namely sulfadoxine and mefloquine , and their metabolites . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial",
"pos": [
84,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0025153",
"name": "mefloquine",
"pos": [
135,
145
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic agent amiodarone was found to inhibit the stimulatory effects of l-triiodothyronine on [ 3h ] thymidine incorporation into gh3 rat pituitary tumor cells . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agent",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
25,
35
]
} |
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