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although t4+ and t8+ cells could produce almost equal amounts of helper factor activity upon pwm-stimulation , the interactions between t3 and t4 antigens on t4+ cells and ia-like antigens on monocytes and those between t3 and t8 antigens on t8+ cells and hla class i antigens on monocytes are respectively essential for the production of t4+ cell-derived and t8+ cell-derived helper factors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "t4",
"pos": [
9,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "ia-like antigens",
"pos": [
172,
188
]
} |
the marked changes of metabolic rates and enzyme activities observed at the various phases of the cell cycle suggest that these biochemical events may also serve as suitable parameters for evaluating the response of lymphocytes towards mitogens and lymphokines . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
216,
227
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
249,
260
]
} |
more interestingly , we found that the moloney virus-derived t cell lines , which express the cell surface markers cd4 and/cd8 , contain high levels of alpha and beta chain t cell receptor transcripts but little or no gamma transcripts even though they have rearranged these latter genes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
61,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
173,
188
]
} |
the anlages of the medial-basal hypothalamus ( mbh ) , septopreoptic area ( poa ) , rathke 's pouch , and the parietal cortex ( cc ) of rats ( at 12.5 , 14.5 and 16.5 days of gestation ) were transplanted singly or in combination into the third ventricle of adult female rats , and the development of neurons in the grafts was investigated immunohistochemically with the use of antisera to tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) , somatostatin ( srih ) , acth , methionine enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 ( enk-8 ) , rat corticotropin-releasing factor ( rcrf ) , rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor ( rhgrf ) , and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
550,
562
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing factor",
"pos": [
563,
594
]
} |
the anlages of the medial-basal hypothalamus ( mbh ) , septopreoptic area ( poa ) , rathke 's pouch , and the parietal cortex ( cc ) of rats ( at 12.5 , 14.5 and 16.5 days of gestation ) were transplanted singly or in combination into the third ventricle of adult female rats , and the development of neurons in the grafts was investigated immunohistochemically with the use of antisera to tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) , somatostatin ( srih ) , acth , methionine enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 ( enk-8 ) , rat corticotropin-releasing factor ( rcrf ) , rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor ( rhgrf ) , and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
550,
562
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing",
"pos": [
611,
622
]
} |
red cells from normal black subjects had more sod amount and activity than normal whites ( 1.77 u/mg hb and 2.96 micrograms/mg hb vs. 1.47 u/mg hb and 2.64 micrograms/mg hb , respectively ) or blacks with ss hb or other sickling hemoglobinopathies . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
208,
210
]
} |
we have further observed that vanadate concomitantly stimulates endothelial cells to produce plasminogen activators ( pas ) , proteolytic enzymes which are induced by phorbol esters and fgf , and which have been implicated in the neovascular response ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
64,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen activators",
"pos": [
93,
115
]
} |
the hypothalamic gonadotrophic hormone releasing hormone ( gnrh ) pulse generator in the rhesus monkey and its neuroendocrine control . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gonadotrophic hormone releasing hormone",
"pos": [
17,
56
]
} |
stability of erythrocytic adenosine triphosphate ( atp ) and its relation to the activity of pyruvate kinase ( pk ) in hb . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocytic",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
119,
121
]
} |
these findings suggest that the carcinoma-associated antigen may activate the lymphocytes to produce certain lymphokine which stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of the mast cell precursors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
78,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
109,
119
]
} |
the heterotropic allosteric effect of atp , the major erythrocytic cofactor in the tuatara , is shown to be correlated with distinct homotropic interactions ( hill 's cooperativity coefficient at half-saturation , n50 , attaining 1.3-1.5 above ph 7.5 ) , and with free energies of heme-heme interaction ( 4.7 kj.mole-1 at ph 7.2 ) which resemble those in other vertebrate hemoglobins that exhibit higher n50 values . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocytic",
"pos": [
54,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
372,
383
]
} |
rat femoral head cartilages ( fhcs ) in culture for six days retained their glycosaminoglycan ( gag ) content and were not affected by recombinant human interleukin-la ( il-1 ) , conditioned media from concanavalin-a stimulation of sensitized lymphocytes ( lymphocyte media ) , or conditioned media from lymphokine-stimulated macrophages ( macrophage media ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
243,
253
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
304,
314
]
} |
t-cell subpopulations expressing distinct forms of the tcr in normal , athymic , and neonatally tcr alpha beta-suppressed rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
96,
99
]
} |
t-cell subpopulations expressing distinct forms of the tcr in normal , athymic , and neonatally tcr alpha beta-suppressed rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr alpha beta",
"pos": [
96,
110
]
} |
in the mucosa the cd4-positive t cell was the predominant lymphocyte , while it was cd8 in the hla-dr-positive tumours . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4-positive t cell",
"pos": [
18,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0019764",
"name": "hla-dr",
"pos": [
95,
101
]
} |
basement membrane components laminin , collagen types iv and v , heparan sulfate proteoglycan , and fibronectin were seen in an unorganized form in the extracellular space . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen types iv",
"pos": [
39,
56
]
} |
excess pth suppresses insulin release from pancreatic islets , and the insulin deficiency results in carbohydrate intolerance . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic",
"pos": [
43,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
71,
78
]
} |
the hepatic portal vein endothelial cell ( hpvec ) derived from intrahepatic portal veins by surgically , have been propagated , as outgrowth cultures in rpmi-1640 medium with 10 % fetal bovine serum , on permeable collagen membranes ( koken , tokyo ) containing mainly type i collagen , covered with a solubilized tissue basement membrane ( matrigel , collaborate res. , inc. , bedford ma ) involving type iv collagen , laminin and proteoglycan . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "tissue basement membrane",
"pos": [
315,
339
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
402,
418
]
} |
the results showed an increase in total white blood cell count , red blood cell , hemoglobin , hematocrit and platelet count , while the mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin decreased during gestation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
65,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
182,
192
]
} |
we conclude that secretion of il-1 from macrophages , upon contact with syngeneic thymocytes , is triggered by a t-cell signal following interaction : tcr-ia molecules . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
113,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
151,
154
]
} |
the lack of correlation between increased thyroid volume and decreased serum tg during the winter compared with the summer is unexplained . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
42,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
77,
79
]
} |
it might be hypothesised that short-term changes in iodine intake induce only colloid accumulation ( i.e . increased thyroid volume ) without changes in the glandular secretion of tg or thyroid hormones . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
117,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
180,
182
]
} |
changes in serum thyroid hormone and thyroglobulin levels after surgical treatments for toxic and non-toxic goiter . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
37,
50
]
} |
i-j was distinguishable from other known dimeric t cell surface molecules with comparable molecular size , that is , t cell receptor alpha beta heterodimer , a1 and ye molecules expressed on a t cell leukemia el4 , and mouse cd28 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "t cell receptor alpha beta",
"pos": [
117,
143
]
} |
in an attempt to define the shared epitope , we have screened a lambda gt 11 human thyroid cdna library using a polyclonal antibody to torpedo ache and isolated two clones , which upon sequencing , were shown to contain tg segments , corresponding to portions of the c terminal part of the molecule which has a high similarity with ache . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
83,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
220,
222
]
} |
two glutamine-related enzymes , in the brain , phosphate-dependent glutaminase ( assayed in the presence of 200mm phosphate ) and glutamine synthetase , were inactivated by microwave irradiation in a similar fashion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0006104",
"name": "brain",
"pos": [
39,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0017796",
"name": "glutaminase",
"pos": [
67,
78
]
} |
dimethylnitrosamine ( dmn ) induced liver injury in rats with cell necrosis , inflammation , hemorrhages , increased collagen type iii synthesis and basement membrane component laminin and collagen iv localization in perisinusoidal sites . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement",
"pos": [
149,
157
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
189,
200
]
} |
chromatography of erythrocyte lysates on sephadex g-200 indicated that 75se-selenite was incorporated into glutathione peroxidase , whereas 75se from sem was mostly incorporated into hemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
183,
193
]
} |
abstract neuropeptide y ( npy ) stimulates luteinizing hormone ( lh ) release in the rat by a dual action , one in the hypothalamus to excite lh-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) release and the other at the level of pituitary gonadotrophs to activate and/or potentiate lh release induced by lhrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
285,
289
]
} |
abstract the regulation of growth hormone secretion depends upon the complex interplay between two hypothalamic hypophysiotropic factors : growth hormone-releasing factor and somatotropin release inhibiting factor or somatostatin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
99,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth",
"pos": [
139,
145
]
} |
abstract the regulation of growth hormone secretion depends upon the complex interplay between two hypothalamic hypophysiotropic factors : growth hormone-releasing factor and somatotropin release inhibiting factor or somatostatin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
99,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
217,
229
]
} |
single incubated rat hypothalami produced a stable and readily measurable output of ghrh in successive 20 min incubations after an initial 60 min preincubation ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
84,
88
]
} |
rat hypothalamic extract and secreted material demonstrated a single large peak of immunoreactive material coeluting with synthetic rat ghrh on high-performance liquid chromatography with a smaller , earlier peak which probably represents methionine sulphoxide [ met ( o ) ( 27 ) ] ghrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
282,
286
]
} |
incubated rat hypothalami readily released measurable amounts of rat ghrh which responded appropriately to depolarization with 60 mm k ( + ) in a ca ( 2+ ) -dependent manner . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
14,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
69,
73
]
} |
in conclusion , d-glucose exerts a potent , dose-related modulatory action on the release of rat hypothalamic trh and ghrh as well as somatostatin in vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
118,
122
]
} |
in conclusion , d-glucose exerts a potent , dose-related modulatory action on the release of rat hypothalamic trh and ghrh as well as somatostatin in vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
134,
146
]
} |
some hereditary red-cell traits in kalahari bushmen and bantu : hemoglobins , glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency , and blood groups . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red-cell",
"pos": [
16,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
64,
75
]
} |
epitrochlearis muscles were incubated with l- [ 1-14c ] -valine and l- [ 1-14c ] leucine , and rates of decarboxylation , net transamination , and incorporation into muscle protein were measured . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscles",
"pos": [
15,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle protein",
"pos": [
166,
180
]
} |
mitochondria isolated from these livers produced more glutamate from glutamine , suggesting ammonia activation of hepatic glutaminase flux ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "livers",
"pos": [
33,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0017796",
"name": "glutaminase",
"pos": [
122,
133
]
} |
the potential significance of this observation to developmental biology lies in the possibility that bm or their individual components ( i.e. , fibronectin ( fn ) , laminin ( lm ) , type iv collagen , and heparin sulfate proteoglycan ( hspg ] may function as the regulatory site of epithelial differentiation and morphogenesis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
101,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
182,
198
]
} |
we demonstrate that rabbit tracheal epithelial cells grown in primary culture incorporate [ 3h ] glucosamine into material released into the medium which is characterized as mucin by the following criteria : high mr , monosaccharide composition , ion-exchange behaviour different from that of glycosaminoglycans and oligosaccharides attached via n-acetylgalactosamine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014597",
"name": "epithelial cells",
"pos": [
36,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0026682",
"name": "mucin",
"pos": [
174,
179
]
} |
the human erythrocyte 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate mutase ( bpgm ) is a multifunctional enzyme which controls the metabolism of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate ( dpg ) , the main allosteric effector of haemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
10,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
188,
199
]
} |
by density fractionation of red cells , it was demonstrated that hbx was an aging hemoglobin as in the case of glycated hb a1c . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
28,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
82,
92
]
} |
liver but not heart fatty acid binding protein bound the acyl-coa formed and removed it from the membranes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C1312696",
"name": "heart fatty acid binding protein",
"pos": [
14,
46
]
} |
studies of red cells , hemolysates , purified hemoglobin solutions , and artificial mixtures of hb a and setif suggest that pseudosickling is produced by intracellular crystallization of insoluble hemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red",
"pos": [
11,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
197,
207
]
} |
to examine the specific effects of individual basement membrane components on the behavior of transformed cells of epithelial origin , ethionine-transformed cells and control cells at low and high passage levels were seeded on glass that had been coated with fibronectin , laminin , or type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
46,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
286,
302
]
} |
the effect of hyperprolactinemia produced by transplantable pituitary mttw15 tumor cells in male rats on hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release in vitro : effects of naloxone and k+ . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
105,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
118,
155
]
} |
moreover , basic fibroblast growth factor enhances the responsiveness of 44-2c cells to neurosecretory peptides such as rat hypothalamic grf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
124,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
137,
140
]
} |
physiological evidence suggests that somatostatin ( ss ) inhibits the release of gh and tsh from the anterior pituitary and that elements of these two systems may feed back to regulate hypothalamic ss release or synthesis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
185,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "ss",
"pos": [
198,
200
]
} |
hypophysectomy reduces hypothalamic ss content in rats , an effect that may be attributable to a change in ss synthesis , storage , or release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
23,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "ss",
"pos": [
107,
109
]
} |
we tested the hypothesis that hypophysectomy would reduce hypothalamic ss synthetic capacity , as reflected by a reduction in ss mrna levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "ss",
"pos": [
126,
128
]
} |
chronic ovariectomized rats treated neonatally with msg showed reduced circulating concentrations of lh coupled with elevated hypothalamic lhrh stores . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
126,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
139,
143
]
} |
the positive feedback effects of progesterone on lh release in oestrogen-primed animals was greatly exaggerated reflecting the build-up of hypothalamic lhrh stores without loss of pituitary responsiveness to lhrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
139,
151
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
208,
212
]
} |
in order to investigate the endocrine pancreatic dysfunction resulting from iron overload , plasma pancreatic polypeptide ( pp ) response to a protein-rich meal was studied in 10 healthy controls and 30 insulin-dependent ( type i ) diabetic patients : ten with idiopathic haemochromatosis ( ih ) , ten with chronic pancreatitis and ten with idiopathic type i diabetes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreatic",
"pos": [
28,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
203,
210
]
} |
expression and deposition of five bm components ( type iv collagen , laminin , bullous pemphigoid antigen , fibronectin , heparan sulfate proteoglycan ) were determined on frozen sections by indirect immunofluorescence . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
34,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
50,
57
]
} |
experiments on single muscle fibres from rabbit muscle and on muscle proteins in solution have suggested the presence of a 'low ionic strength attached state ' of the myosin crossbridges to actin , in which the overall atp splitting and force-generating cycle is still blocked . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
22,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle proteins",
"pos": [
62,
77
]
} |
erythrocyte and leukocyte counts , hematocrit ( hct ) , and hemoglobin ( hb ) increased significantly in the winter compared to summer ( p less than 0.01 ) , but intakes of folacin , vitamin b12 , and iron did not change . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
60,
70
]
} |
this work shows that hypothalamic female sterility is the proper indication for treatment using lh/rh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh/rh",
"pos": [
96,
101
]
} |
in contrast , conditioned media from il 2 receptor-positive t cells prepared in the absence of il 2 or from il 2 receptor-negative t cells prepared in the presence or absence of il 2 did not significantly affect cfu-gm growth . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
60,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "receptor",
"pos": [
113,
121
]
} |
if tcr stimulation does indeed activate t cells by activating protein kinase and increasing intracellular free calcium , then our data suggest that anti-l3t4 and anti-lyt-2 mab inhibit tcr-driven proliferation at some step before the activation of protein kinase c and the stimulation of a rise in intracellular free calcium concentration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
40,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
185,
188
]
} |
lymph node t cells from 4-5-mo-old athymic mice expressed full-length transcripts for the tcr alpha and beta chains at a level two-to three-fold lower than normal littermate ( nu/+ ) controls . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
11,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
90,
93
]
} |
southern blotting of hind iii-digested dna from nude t cells with a c beta probe revealed a more restricted pattern of tcr beta chain rearrangements than was seen for normal t cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
53,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
119,
122
]
} |
we have studied a panel of dba/2 t cell clones specific for sperm whale myoglobin ( spw mb ) for tcr ( t cell receptor ) beta chain gene expression by facs analysis using the monoclonal antibodies f23.1 and kj16 specific for the v beta 8 family of the tcr beta chain genes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
33,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
252,
255
]
} |
this study has demonstrated that i-ed-restricted t cell clones from dba/2 mice express members of the tcr v beta 8 family irrespective of the epitopes of spw mb recognized . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
49,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
102,
105
]
} |
the oxygen-binding curves are nearly identical despite the fact that the definitive red cells contain only the adult hemoglobins a and d ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
84,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
117,
128
]
} |
now we report the first evidence that lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus can persist in the thyroid gland , particularly thyroid epithelial cells in which thyroglobulin ( tg ) the precursor of thyroid hormone , is synthesized . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
92,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
155,
168
]
} |
regardless of the presence or absence of thyroid disorders , serum tsh and tg levels were not statistically different between the 100 rad + exposed and nonexposed groups . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
41,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
75,
77
]
} |
in vitro investigations suggest the same human liver cytochrome p-450 that catalyzes s-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylation , p-450mp , is responsible for methyl hydroxylation of the oral hypoglycemic agent tolbutamide . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
47,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0608437",
"name": "p-450mp",
"pos": [
117,
124
]
} |
these results suggest that mouse egf inhibits the hypothalamic pulse generator responsible for lh release in the ewe but has little if any effect on pituitary sensitivity to lhrh ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
50,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
174,
178
]
} |
we conclude that strenuous , prolonged exercise-training in the ovariectomized rat seems to modify the ability of the hypothalamus to release gnrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
142,
146
]
} |
at variance with normal islet cells , tumoral insulin-producing cells of the rinm5f line were found to display a positive secretory response not solely to d-glucose and d-mannose , but also to d-fructose and d-galactose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
24,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} |
ctl effector functions are mediated primarily by cells carrying the cd8 ( ly-2 ) antigen ( cd8+ cells ) and are triggered by interactions of the t-cell receptor with an antigenic complex , often termed 'self plus x ' , composed of viral determinants in association with class i molecules of the major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8",
"pos": [
68,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "class i",
"pos": [
270,
277
]
} |
thus , it has been proposed that cd4 serves an accessory function in the interaction of cd4+ t cells and ia-bearing antigen-presenting cells by binding to non-polymorphic portions of class ii mhc molecules and stabilizing the cell interaction . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
33,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "class ii mhc",
"pos": [
183,
195
]
} |
because thy-1+ dec resemble early stage t lymphocytes , down-regulation of tcr expression may reflect a necessary event during t cell differentiation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
40,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
75,
78
]
} |
the resulting cd4-expressing hybridoma cell lines produce 6- to 20-fold more il-2 in response to hla-dr antigens than control cell lines . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
14,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0019764",
"name": "hla-dr",
"pos": [
97,
103
]
} |
hypogonadal mice are deficient in the hypothalamic gonadotrophic hormone releasing hormone and as a consequence postnatal testicular development does not occur . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gonadotrophic hormone",
"pos": [
51,
72
]
} |
changes in five spleens affected by hairy cell leukaemia were characterized using immunohistochemical staining for the basement membrane ( bm ) components laminin and type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
119,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
167,
183
]
} |
the ability of the pancreatic islet tissue to produce insulin in vitro in response to the natural stimulator glucose was disturbed in the rats with experimental diabetes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
19,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} |
the induction of hypothyroidism in young rats by feeding thiouracil to their mothers during pregnancy has been shown to depress hypothalamic content of bioactive and immunoactive corticotropin-releasing factor ( crf ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
128,
140
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
179,
209
]
} |
a comparative study was done on the pancreatic endocrine ( insulin ( iri ) , human pancreatic polypeptide ( hpp ] and exocrine secretion ( fluid volume , amylase output , bicarbonate output ) , before and after administration of proglumide . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic endocrine",
"pos": [
36,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
59,
66
]
} |
the clonality of t lymphocytes isolated from the synovial fluid and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was investigated by restriction enzyme fragment mapping of the rearrangements of the beta chain gene of the t-cell antigen receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
17,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
231,
254
]
} |
our data indicate that interaction of thrombin with microvascular endothelial cells will shift the balance between t-pa , u-pa and pa inhibitor-1 , and thus affects the regulation of fibrinolysis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
66,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0042071",
"name": "u-pa",
"pos": [
122,
126
]
} |
the thymus directs t-lymphocyte development and contributes to the maintenance of immune homeostasis , in part , through its production of peptides known as thymosins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymus",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosins",
"pos": [
157,
166
]
} |
upon exposure to entamoeba histolytica antigen , lymphocytes from patients treated for amebic liver abscess produce lymphokines which activate monocyte-derived macrophages to kill e. histolytica trophozoites . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
116,
127
]
} |
endothelial cells from aorta and other adult arteries , however , started secreting u-pa after one to four passages , parallel to the occurrence of enlarged endothelial cells . u-pa was present as a u-pa/inhibitor complex and as a single-chain u-pa . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
0,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0042071",
"name": "u-pa",
"pos": [
244,
248
]
} |
[ erythrocyte and leukocyte count and the determination of hematocrit , hemoglobin and mean corpuscle volume in 893 infants and children from the first week of life to 7 years ] . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
2,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
72,
82
]
} |
the cause of the sexual differences in erythrocyte hemoglobin and serum iron levels in human adults . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} |
our results suggest that t cells expressing tcr gamma delta are capable of self-non-self mhc discrimination and that they can undergo mhc-influenced selection during differentiation like tcr alpha beta-expressing t cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr gamma delta",
"pos": [
44,
59
]
} |
our results suggest that t cells expressing tcr gamma delta are capable of self-non-self mhc discrimination and that they can undergo mhc-influenced selection during differentiation like tcr alpha beta-expressing t cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr alpha beta",
"pos": [
187,
201
]
} |
these results indicate that this peptide can act directly at the anterior pituitary gland to release prl . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior pituitary gland",
"pos": [
65,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prl",
"pos": [
101,
104
]
} |
in order to assess the role of the gonads and anterior pituitary gland in the production of poor quality semen of males with homozygous sickle cell disease ( scd ) serum gonadotrophins , namely follicle stimulating hormone ( fsh ) , luteinizing hormone ( lh ) , prolactin and serum testosterone , were assayed radioimmunologically in 33 men with sickle cell disease and in 29 age-matched normal control subjects . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior pituitary gland",
"pos": [
46,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
262,
271
]
} |
our experiments demonstrate that either murine taf or human il-6 can restore the ability of purified t cells to proliferate in response to con a or antibodies against the t-cell antigen receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
101,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
171,
194
]
} |
normal and tumorous medullae contained ir-corticotropin-releasing hormone ( crh ) in concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 4 % of those in hypothalamus except for one pheochromocytoma that contained 40 times that amount of ir-crh , which was chromatographically indistinguishable from hypothalamic crh and fully bioactive . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
136,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crh",
"pos": [
295,
298
]
} |
neuroendocrinology is one area in which there has been major progress , particularly through the isolation of two new hypothalamic factors , corticotropin releasing factor ( crf ) and growth hormone releasing factor ( grf ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin releasing factor",
"pos": [
141,
171
]
} |
neuroendocrinology is one area in which there has been major progress , particularly through the isolation of two new hypothalamic factors , corticotropin releasing factor ( crf ) and growth hormone releasing factor ( grf ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
118,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone releasing factor",
"pos": [
184,
215
]
} |
t cell-specific complementary dna clones present in a human tcr gamma delta t cell complementary dna library were obtained and characterized in order to identify candidate clones encoding tcr delta . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
60,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
188,
191
]
} |
the reaction patterns of gb3 or gb5 were not similar to those for two other basement-membrane components , fibronectin and type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement-membrane",
"pos": [
76,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
123,
139
]
} |
we have observed that lymphocytes , treated in vitro with histamine , display a significant suppression of lymphokine production and mixed lymphocyte proliferation response following galactose oxidase treatment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
22,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
107,
117
]
} |
d-glucose catabolism was examined in rat pancreatic islets and tumoral insulin-producing cells ( rinm5f line ) exposed to d- [ 5-3h ] glucose , d- [ 3,4-14c ] glucose or d- [ 6-14c ] glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
41,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
71,
78
]
} |
the presence of ifn gamma in the lymphocyte supernatants , the neutralization by monoclonal anti-ifn gamma antibody , and the direct inducer effect of recombinant ifn gamma , clearly identify this lymphokine as one of the stimulator factors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
33,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
197,
207
]
} |
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