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the distribution of basement membrane glycoproteins ( type iv collagen , laminin , fibronectin , and proteoglycans ) was studied in foetal rat kidney by immunohistochemical techniques using polyclonal antibodies . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
20,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
54,
70
]
} |
previous studies by others suggest that mid- and hindbrain noradrenergic projections to the hypothalamus may be stimulatory or inhibitory to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone ( lhrh ) release depending upon the steroid environment of the rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
92,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing",
"pos": [
141,
152
]
} |
moreover , the stimulatory noradrenergic projections from lc decussate to enter contralateral hypothalamic regions containing lhrh neurons . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
94,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
for bats and ferrets , the major peak of neural lobe lh-rh immunoreactivity eluted with a retention time identical to that of hypothalamic lh-rh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
126,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
139,
144
]
} |
synthetic mammalian standard added to bat and ferret hypothalamic extracts coeluted as a single peak with the predominant form of lh-rh immunoreactivity present in those tissues . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
53,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
130,
135
]
} |
using an in vitro system , mediobasal hypothalami ( mbhs ) of adult male rats were perifused in either the presence or absence of a lhrh agonistic analog [ d-ser ( tbu ) 6 , des-gly10 ] lhrh ethylamide shown not to cross-react in the lhrh ria . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
38,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
234,
238
]
} |
endogenous hypothalamic gnrh secretion was abolished or severely compromised in five adult male rhesus monkeys by placement of radiofrequency lesions in the region of the arcuate nucleus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
11,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
24,
28
]
} |
addition of supernatants from antigen stimulated pronephric cultures completely restored the ability of pronephric lymphocytes to produce an antibody response , suggesting that this glucocorticoid-suppression may be mediated by inhibition of lymphokine production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
115,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
242,
252
]
} |
it influences not only progesterone and e2 but also hypothalamic opiate activity and lhrh and lh secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
52,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} |
the thymus is an endocrine organ which modulates t-cell immunity through the production of protein like peptides such as the thymosins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymus",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosins",
"pos": [
125,
134
]
} |
since the dose of ghrh used was thought to be maximal and since galanin is reported not to have direct effects on the pituitary , one possible mode of action of galanin would be inhibition of tonic endogenous hypothalamic somatostatin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
209,
221
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
222,
234
]
} |
the presumed gh hypersecretion may be due to decreased hypothalamic somatostatin release and/or hyperactivity of ghrh-containing neurons . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
68,
80
]
} |
t-cells in follicular hyperplasia and follicular center-cell lymphomas : an immunoultrastructural study of the t-cell receptor-associated cd3 antigen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cells",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell receptor",
"pos": [
111,
126
]
} |
the concentration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ( vip ) in the anterior pituitary gland of female rats was significantly reduced by pituitary implants , prolactin-secreting tumours or dopamine blockade-induced hyperprolactinemia . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior",
"pos": [
70,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
222,
231
]
} |
in the presence of tumor antigens lymphocytes of tumor patients liberate lymphokines , which reduce the charge of indicator particles resulting in a measurable reduction of their eletrophoretic mobility . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
34,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
73,
84
]
} |
pregnant rat hypothalamic fragments were extracted with 30 mm tris-hcl buffer at ph 7.8 , subjected to enzymatic digestion , and applied to gel filtration on sephadex g-25 for purification of the prolactin releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "prolactin releasing factor",
"pos": [
196,
222
]
} |
elevated levels of antibody to thyroid microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin were found in the serum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
62,
75
]
} |
microspectrophotometry has been applied to single red blood cells to reinvestigate the linked processes of diffusion of gases inside the erythrocyte and their combination with hemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
137,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
176,
186
]
} |
it is concluded that the increased da turnover in the ambh depresses pituitary lh release probably by inhibiting hypothalamic lh-rh secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
113,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
126,
131
]
} |
the present data suggest that the inactivation of somatostatin by hypothalamus and plasma could be an important factor in the regulation of circulating somatostatin levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
152,
164
]
} |
these studies have confirmed that sensitized lymphocytes release a soluble , pyrogen-inducing lymphokine when incubated with antigen and further demonstrate that tissue macrophages ( kupffer cells ) as well as bl can be activated to produce ep in vitro by this agent . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
45,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
94,
104
]
} |
the covalent binding of [ 14c ] cpt radioactivity to rbc was suggestive of the conversion of the parent compound into a reactive metabolite responsible for the generation of methemoglobin in mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
53,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
174,
187
]
} |
the epithelial cells of the mucinous cystadenomas characteristically contained periodic acid-schiff reactive and diastase resistant secretory material , mixed with acid mucin which contained both sulphate and carboxyl groups . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014597",
"name": "epithelial cells",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0026682",
"name": "mucin",
"pos": [
169,
174
]
} |
evidence is also presented that t lymphocytes , as well as the receptors involved in ir-gene function ( whether or not these are t-lymphocyte receptors ) , are less sensitive to conformational differences between native nuclease and its isolated fragments than are the antibodies ultimately made . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
32,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-lymphocyte receptors",
"pos": [
129,
151
]
} |
the involvement of the immune system in the host response to tumors is complex and involves both lymphocytes and lymphocyte-derived mediators , as well as inflammatory cells and various other agents such as complement . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
97,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
113,
123
]
} |
lymphocytes obtained from rabbit lymph nodes sensitized to bovine gamma globulin produce in vitro the lymphokine macrophage fusion factor ( mff ) which mediates the fusion of approximately 100 % of normal alveolar and oil-induced peritoneal macrophages . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
102,
112
]
} |
immunohistochemistry of hypothalamic gnrh following manipulation of sex steroid levels : evidence that androgens have divergent effects on gnrh stores and serum follicle stimulating hormone levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
139,
143
]
} |
although sex pregnancy appeared to have little or no influence on the erythrocytic values , pregnant ewes had higher haematocrit and haemoglobin values . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocytic",
"pos": [
70,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
133,
144
]
} |
immunocytological investigations on the hypothalamus of the red fox with rabbit anti-srif showed large or small perikarya in the supra-optical and paraventricular nuclei . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
40,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} |
the possibility that whorls may be a marker for hypothalamic neurons which play a role in the lh-rh regulatory system warrants further consideration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
48,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
94,
99
]
} |
red cell hemoglobin , hydrogen ion and electrolyte concentrations during exercise in trained and untrained subjects . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
9,
19
]
} |
the fraction of lymphocyte-derived antigen-binding material that does not adsorb to insolubilized anti-immunoglobulin serum was found to be proportional to the fraction of t lymphocytes in the input cell population and may therefore represent antigen-binding t lymphocyte surface receptors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
172,
185
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t lymphocyte",
"pos": [
259,
271
]
} |
in addition , isolated islets of langerhans were used to demonstrate the effects of glucose on insulin secretion and the incorporation of h-3 leucine into the proinsulin and insulin fraction of islet proteins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islets of langerhans",
"pos": [
23,
43
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
174,
181
]
} |
this study describes the use of the radioimmunoassay for the characterization of antibodies to basement membrane ( type iv ) collagen from bovine anterior lens capsule . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
95,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} |
previous studies have shown that there is microscopic and biochemical evidence that rat parietal yolk sac synthesizes basement membrane ( type iv ) collagen ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
118,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
138,
145
]
} |
red cells pretreated with ddc to inhibit cellular superoxide dismutase were found to be markedly sensitive to oxyhemoglobin destruction and hemolysis in the presence of nq . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0030069",
"name": "oxyhemoglobin",
"pos": [
110,
123
]
} |
ghosts prepared from superoxide dismutase-inhibited red cells exposed to nq were found to retain a green hemoglobin-derived pigment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
52,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
105,
115
]
} |
comparing these in-vitro data with in-vivo findings from the literature , in both organs there is a positive correlation of the extent of binding in vitro to the stimulation of growth in vivo , bearing in mind that testosterone is metabolized to 5alpha-dht in the prostate whilst in the bcla , 5alpha-reductase is essentially absent . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate",
"pos": [
264,
272
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5alpha-reductase",
"pos": [
294,
310
]
} |
the rat hypothalamus in vitro preparation was used to investigate the effect of bilateral adrenalectomy , with and without replacement therapy , on the release of corticotrophin-releasing factor ( crf ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
8,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotrophin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
163,
194
]
} |
it was shown that the red cells containing hemoglobin s were still more resistant to osmotic hemolysis when hemoglobin was in the deoxygenated form and this proportional to the quantity of deoxygenated hemoglobin , without the brutal process of sickling producing any special modification in the shape of the curve . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
22,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
202,
212
]
} |
analysis of suckling-induced changes in adenohypophyseal prolactin concentration in the lactating rat by three assay methods . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophyseal",
"pos": [
40,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
57,
66
]
} |
suckling-induced changes in adenohypophyseal prolactin ( prl ) concentrations in lactating rats were measured in two experiments by three assays : a disc electrophoretic assay ( dea ) , a bioassay ( ba ) and a radioimmunoassay ( ria ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophyseal",
"pos": [
28,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
45,
54
]
} |
substantial discrepancies among the three assays were found in the absolute amounts of pituitary prl measured and in the changes in adenohypophyseal prl concentration that were recorded between suckling intervals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophyseal",
"pos": [
132,
148
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prl",
"pos": [
149,
152
]
} |
similar are their degree of anemia , rbc indices , blood volumes , absence of splenic sequestration , depression of po2 , elevation of p50 and 2,3-dpg , hemoglobin composition , and peripheral blood globin-synthetic rates . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
37,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
153,
163
]
} |
the blood groups , serum groups , red-cell isoenzymes and haemoglobins of the sandawe and nyaturu of tanzania . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red-cell",
"pos": [
34,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobins",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} |
the increased functional activity of the endothelium , thinner walls of capillaries and the appearnace of a greater amount of fenestrations against the background of the thyroid stimulation are likely to be factors contributing to penetration of non-hormonal iodine products ( iodine tyrosines and products of incomplete hydrolysis of thyroglobulins ) into the circulation , which can be observed under certain pathological conditions accompanied by increased thyrotropic stimulation -- such as diffused toxic goiter and diffuse non-toxic goiter . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
170,
177
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulins",
"pos": [
335,
349
]
} |
evidence for an enzymic component in the rat hypothalamus capable of inactivating luteinizing hormone releasing factor ( lrf ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
45,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone releasing factor",
"pos": [
82,
118
]
} |
thyroidal morphogenesis and biosynthesis of thyroglobulin before and after metamorphasis in the lamprey , lampetra reissneri . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroidal",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
44,
57
]
} |
studies on the cellular pattern of the islets of pancreas in different animals along with plasma and pancreatic insulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "cellular",
"pos": [
15,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
112,
119
]
} |
the effect of leukocyte ( ifn-alpha ) , fibroblast ( ifn-beta ) , and immune ( ifn-gamma ) interferon and/or mezerein on the expression of hla antigens and melanoma-associated antigens by the melanoma cell line mewo and its metastatic variant mem 50-10 was investigated , since this information may contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism ( s ) underlying the metastatic process and of the role of cell differentiation and growth suppression in the antigenic changes induced by interferon ( ifn ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblast",
"pos": [
40,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "ifn-beta",
"pos": [
53,
61
]
} |
to determine whether thyroglobulin antibodies are necessary for the development of the thyroid infiltrates with mononuclear cells , which are characteristic for experimental autoimmune thyroiditis , akr mice chronically treated from birth with goat anti-mouse igm antibodies were immunized with mouse thyroglobulin in freund 's complete adjuvant when they were 7 weeks old . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
87,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
301,
314
]
} |
a polyclonal antisera specific for human platelet thrombospondin ( tsp ) has been utilized to study the biosynthesis and secretion of tsp in the m21 human melanoma cell line . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
41,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
134,
137
]
} |
it is concluded that the beta 2-selective adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline selectively decreases the blood flow of the pancreatic islets in spite of its stimulatory effects on the release of insulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
119,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
191,
198
]
} |
this inhibition of edrf activity by red cells was similar to that expected from their haemoglobin content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
36,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
86,
97
]
} |
t-lymphocytes of 5 patients with cutaneous t-cell-lymphomas showed after trypsinization and incubation with a purified dialyzable leukocyte extract ( dle ) and transfer factor ( tf ) respectively a decreased and delayed reexpression of the sheep red blood cell ( srbc ) receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-lymphocytes",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "sheep red blood cell",
"pos": [
240,
260
]
} |
in old rats , multineuronal dysfunctions are demonstrated in the hypothalamus , with a documented decline in the activity of the neurons producing dopamine and thyrotropin-releasing hormone , and to a lesser extent luteinizing hormone- and growth hormone-releasing hormones , and alterations in regulatory mechanisms of these neurons are disclosed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
65,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing hormones",
"pos": [
240,
273
]
} |
in ibm , pm and dd , all nonnecrotic muscle fibers invaded by cd8+ cells and some adjacent fibers expressed mhc-i . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8",
"pos": [
62,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "mhc-i",
"pos": [
108,
113
]
} |
therefore , both the gene for human keratin 1 , a specific marker for terminal differentiation in mammalian epidermis , and another closely linked unknown type ii keratin gene ( k ? , 10-15 kb upstream of k1 ) are on the long arm ( q11-13 ) of human chromosome 12 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014520",
"name": "epidermis",
"pos": [
108,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C1721009",
"name": "k1",
"pos": [
205,
207
]
} |
in this study , we explore the possibility that p24 is involved in the response of lymphocytes to signals delivered by lymphokines . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
83,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
119,
130
]
} |
histidine-rich glycoprotein ( hrgp ) , a human plasma and platelet protein , interacts with multiple ligands in vitro , including heparin , plasminogen , thrombospondin , and fibrinogen/fibrin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
58,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
154,
168
]
} |
unstimulated human thyroid cells contained a major rna species [ 3.2 kilobases ( kb ) in length ] and several minor rna species ( less than 3.2 kb mrna ) of tpo , but no detectable tg transcripts . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
19,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
181,
183
]
} |
however , tsh-stimulated thyroid cells contained four distinct tpo mrna species ( 4.0 , 3.2 , 2.1 , and 1.7 kb ) and a single tg mrna species ( 8.5 kb ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
25,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
126,
128
]
} |
these results suggest that human thyroid cells contain four distinct tpo mrnas and a single species of tg mrna , and the levels of all mrnas are increased by tsh/camp stimulation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
33,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
103,
105
]
} |
lymphocytes from the riiis mouse strain which possess e alpha yet whose t cells fail to recognize the mam-e alpha complex were shown not to express v beta 8.1 , 8.2 or 8.3 gene products present on the tcr-alpha/beta by virtue of their lack of reactivity with the f23.1 mab . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
72,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr-alpha/beta",
"pos": [
201,
215
]
} |
t-helper cells were assayed in vitro by testing virus-induced lymphocytes for lymphokine secretion in response to antigen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
62,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
78,
88
]
} |
a summary of the effects of some neurotransmitters and neuropeptides on hypothalamic srif secretion is reported in table . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
72,
84
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} |
atrial natriuretic peptide ( anp ) acts via specific binding sites on cgmp system of rat pancreatic islets without affecting insulin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
89,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
125,
132
]
} |
these results indicate that the human hypothalamic gnrh pulse-generating mechanism is located entirely within the mbh , and that this pulse generator can maintain intrinsically pulsatile gnrh release independent of all innervation from outside this site . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "mbh",
"pos": [
114,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
187,
191
]
} |
because previous studies had shown that copper ion can induce hypothalamic gnrh release , cupric acetate ( cuac ) was administered either intravenously or intraventricularly during the ppp to manipulate changes in npy concentrations . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
75,
79
]
} |
administration of cuac sharply increased hypothalamic npy release within the same time interval as that for induction of hypothalamic gnrh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
41,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
134,
138
]
} |
the results are consistent with the hypotheses that npy may act as a neuromodulator for hypothalamic gnrh secretion , or that common mechanisms drive secretion of these two neuropeptides . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
88,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
in response to stressors involving tissue injury , pituitary corticotroph secretion of immunoreactive beta-endorphin ( ib-end ) could be either due to release of hypothalamic factors such as corticotropin-releasing factor ( crf ) or to release of a tissue factor from the periphery . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
162,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
191,
221
]
} |
despite these ultrastructural findings , pulse chase and immunoprecipitation studies with isolated hyt/hyt and normal thyroid glands indicated that normal thyroglobulin processing occurred in the rer and golgi of the hyt/hyt mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
118,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
155,
168
]
} |
activation of cholinergic neurotransmission by pyridostigmine reverses the inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia on growth hormone ( gh ) releasing hormone-induced gh secretion in man : does acute hyperglycemia act through hypothalamic release of somatostatin ? | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
220,
232
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
244,
256
]
} |
based on the reported actions of pyridostigmine , acute hyperglycemia might act over gh release by inducing hypothalamic somatostatin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
108,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
121,
133
]
} |
on the other hand , the control of the ghrh secretion by peptidergic hypothalamic neurons occurs through four principal monoaminergic systems such as dopaminergic , noradrenergic , adrenergic and serotoninergic ones , and also by cholinergic fibers and by endogenous opiates , all acting to cause the release , into the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation , of ghrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
69,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
368,
372
]
} |
for what concerns short stature , the results of observation realized both in adult subjects and in children , all with gh deficiency , by exogenous administration of ghrh , have pointed out that the majority of the gh deficiency patients have hypothalamic disregulation , and not a pure pituitary deficiency as it has been supposed before ghrh discovery . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
244,
256
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
340,
344
]
} |
to investigate further the role of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor ( lrf ) pulse generator and the pituitary lrf receptor in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion and gonadal steroidogenesis in the ovine ( o ) fetus and neonatal lamb , we measured the increment ( the difference between the concentration of plasma lh at time 0 and peak lh ) in olh ( delta olh ) and ofsh ( delta ofsh ) responses to a potent lrf agonist , d-trp6pro9net-lrf ( lrf-a ) , after consecutive daily doses in 17 ovine fetuses ( six females , 11 males ) and in 15 neonatal lambs ( six females , nine males ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
39,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lrf",
"pos": [
468,
471
]
} |
these data indicate that the early toxicity of hydrazine does not involve peroxidation of lipids whereas phenylhydrazine causes lipid peroxidation possibly within the erythrocyte , perhaps by interaction with red cell haemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
209,
217
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
218,
229
]
} |
this effect was specific for the tcr v genes utilized by the t cell : antisense oligodeoxynucleotides corresponding to the tcr v regions of a1.1 had no effect on tcr expression in b1.1 and vice versa . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
61,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
162,
165
]
} |
these results indicate that the t-cell complement in epidermis are cells that express gamma delta tcr and that the diversity of antigens recognized by the cells might be restricted by the use of a single v gamma gene segment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
32,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
98,
101
]
} |
these results show that different stimuli to the parvocellular paraventricular hypothalamus differentially regulate crf transcript levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
79,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
116,
119
]
} |
these findings agree well with the assumption that cd8-positive cells identify the foreign antigen in the context of class i antigens , whereas cd4-positive cells are found to be associated with the recognition of mhc locus ii coded hla antigens . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8",
"pos": [
51,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "class i antigens",
"pos": [
117,
133
]
} |
these data suggest that estradiol stimulates the releases of gnrh , catecholamine and histamine from the rat medio-basal hypothalamus , and that it increases gnrh release independently through catecholamine and histamine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
121,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
158,
162
]
} |
administration of either human chorionic gonadotropin , an analog of pituitary-derived luteinizing hormone , or the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone elevated serum testosterone levels to a much smaller extent in hcb-treated rats than in control rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
in vitro of the close relationship between induction of cd8-positive til and expression of hla ( a , b , c ) antigens in tumor tissue , the above findings suggest that the presence or absence of expression of mhc class i antigens plays an important role in the efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy with til . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8-positive til",
"pos": [
56,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "mhc class i",
"pos": [
209,
220
]
} |
release of beta-endorphin-immunoreactivity from rat pituitary and hypothalamus in vitro : effects of isoproterenol , dopamine , corticotropin-releasing factor and arginine8-vasopressin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
66,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
128,
158
]
} |
of these compounds , only 3-hat altered red cell oxidative status by inducing , in a dose-dependent manner , formation of methemoglobin and non-functional oxidation products of hemoglobin , and by increasing both net glycolytic flux and flux through the hexose monophosphate shunt . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red",
"pos": [
36,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
122,
135
]
} |
moreover , in analogy to the effect produced upon other differentiated cells in culture , such as myoblasts and adipocytes , tgf beta 1 modulates the expression of frtl5-specific thyroid markers , reducing thyroglobulin biosynthesis and the ability to concentrate the iodide . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
179,
186
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
206,
219
]
} |
immunofluorescence with a mouse monoclonal antibody to human platelet thrombospondin yielded specific granular staining within the cytoplasm of human osteoblasts . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
61,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
70,
84
]
} |
a common liver-specific factor binds to the rat albumin and alpha-foetoprotein promoters in vitro and acts as a positive trans-acting factor in vivo . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
9,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-foetoprotein",
"pos": [
60,
78
]
} |
analysis of nuclear extracts from liver , kidney , spleen and brain and competition experiments using several oligonucleotides covering regions from the albumin and alpha-foetoprotein promoters showed that complex iii results from the binding of the ubiquitous nuclear factor 1 , while complex ii involves a ccaat-box-binding protein also detected in brain and spleen extracts . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
34,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-foetoprotein",
"pos": [
165,
183
]
} |
isolation and characterization of hagfish thyroid iodoprotein by its non-thyroglobulin nature , very high iodine and carbohydrate contents and low hormone/iodine ratio . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
42,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
73,
86
]
} |
these results suggest that most , if not all , tyrosine residues of the hagfish thyroid glycoprotein with a less rigid structure are susceptible to an iodinating system , but hormone residues are formed by a much less efficient mechanism than those in thyroglobulin , when poorly iodinated . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
80,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
252,
265
]
} |
spontaneous sheep erythrocyte rosette-forming t cells ( t-srfc ) found in normal mouse spleen are specific for the xenogeneic species of red cells and are distinct from human e rosettes as illustrated by their persistence after sheep red blood cell ( srbc ) incubation with anti-lfa-3 monoclonal antibodies directed against srbc molecule binding to the e rosette receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "e rosette receptor",
"pos": [
353,
371
]
} |
here we show that conditions leading to strong activation of cd4+ t cells , namely the presence in the recipient of foreign mhc class ii determinants , lead to the apparent loss of veto function of donor cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
61,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "mhc class ii",
"pos": [
124,
136
]
} |
( b ) the balance between veto function of recipient cells and its abrogation might be responsible for the kind of graft-vs.-host reaction generated ( cd8+ t cell-mediated and frequently lethal or cd4+ t cell-mediated and not lethal ) when parental t cells are injected into recipients incompatible at mhc class i and class ii genes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0242629",
"name": "cd8",
"pos": [
151,
154
]
} | {
"id": "C0019629",
"name": "mhc class i",
"pos": [
302,
313
]
} |
t cells are activated when the antigen-specific t cell receptor recognizes antigen in association with major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) proteins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
48,
63
]
} |
the epithelial character of the cells was confirmed by a positive immunocytochemical reaction using monoclonal antibodies ( mabs ) to different keratins , the epithelial cell markers bw 495/36 and hmfg-2 , as well as by the presence of many junctional complexes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014597",
"name": "epithelial cell",
"pos": [
159,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0388561",
"name": "hmfg",
"pos": [
197,
201
]
} |
in a study of the ontogeny of hspg in human skin bm , hspg was detectable as early as 54 gestational days , comparable with other ubiquitous bm components , such as laminin and type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
49,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
177,
193
]
} |
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