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Lots-of-LoRAs

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task593_sciq_explanation_generation

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Lots of LoRAs 44

[ "All elements have an oxidation number of zero in their pure form." ]

[ "Acids are molecular compounds that dissolve in water to produce hydronium ions and an anion." ]

[ "Hydrocarbons may form straight chains, branched chains, or rings. Ring-shaped hydrocarbons are called cyclic hydrocarbons." ]

[ "Some mixtures are homogeneous. This means they have the same composition throughout. An example is salt water in the ocean. Ocean water everywhere is about 3.5 percent salt." ]

[ "Reptiles are also amniotes, which means their embryos are surrounded by a thin membrane." ]

[ "Metamorphism does not cause a rock to melt completely. It only causes the minerals to change by heat or pressure. If the rock melts completely, it will cool to become an igneous rock." ]

[ "The liver breaks down excess amino acids and toxins in the blood." ]

[ "Carbon is an element. Carbon is the basis of all life on Earth. Since carbon can combine with many other elements it forms a variety of different substances." ]

[ "Weather refers to conditions of the atmosphere at a given time and place. It occurs because of unequal heating of the atmosphere. Humidity, clouds, and precipitation are important weather factors." ]

[ "The two tonsils are located on either side of the throat. They trap pathogens that enter the body through the mouth or nose." ]

[ "Muscle tissue is one of the four types of tissue found in animals. There are three different types of muscle in the body ( Figure below ):." ]

[ "The rate the magma cools determines the texture of the rock." ]

[ "55.3 Energy transfer between trophic levels is typically only 10% efficient." ]

[ "In ex vivo gene therapy, done outside the body, cells are removed from the patient and the proper gene is inserted using a virus as a vector. The modified cells are placed back into the patient." ]

[ "The alkaline earth metals include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium. Strontium and barium react with air and must be stored in oil." ]

[ "Chemical reactions always involve energy. When methane burns, for example, it releases energy in the form of heat and light. Other chemical reactions absorb energy rather than release it." ]

[ "Electronegativity is a qualitative measure of how much an atom attracts electrons in a covalent bond." ]

[ "A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that has the same composition throughout. Some solutions are acids, some are bases." ]

[ "Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes. The name of specific alkanes always ends in –ane and has a prefix to indicate how many carbon atoms it has." ]

[ "This scene is from Anza-Borrago California Desert Park. However, deserts exist around the globe. You might find a similar picture of a desert in Africa. The desert is one type of biome." ]

[ "Skin protects the body from injury, water loss, and microorganisms. It also plays a major role in maintaining a stable body temperature. Common skin problems include acne and skin cancer." ]

[ "Placenta of a Placental Mammal (Human). The placenta allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and other substances between the fetus and mother." ]

[ "Red blood cells carry oxygen, white blood cells defend the body, and platelets help blood clot." ]

[ "Diseases of the respiratory system include asthma, pneumonia, and emphysema." ]

[ "Some mollusks, such as oysters and scallops, are important food sources." ]

[ "Images in a plane mirror are reversed left and right but not reversed top and bottom." ]

[ "Contour lines are lines of equal elevation. Contour intervals are the difference in elevation between two contour lines." ]

[ "Mineral crystals that form when magma cools are usually larger than crystals that form when lava cools." ]

[ "Birds learn through conditioning to avoid eating monarch butterflies." ]

[ "When gametes unite during fertilization, the resulting zygote inherits two alleles for each gene. One allele comes from each parent." ]

[ "Non-polar molecules are usually insoluble in water." ]

[ "Liquid water is taken up by plant roots. The plant releases water vapor into the atmosphere. This is transpiration." ]

[ "A cross section of earthquake epicenters. The depth outlines the subducting plate. There are shallow, intermediate, and deep earthquakes." ]

[ "Scientists are using telescopes to search for other planets that may have conditions favorable for life. The places they can look are near our solar system in our galaxy." ]

[ "Nonrenewable resources include fossil fuels and nuclear power." ]

[ "Figure 7.14 Lactic acid fermentation is common in muscle cells that have run out of oxygen." ]

[ "Carbon doesn’t stop there. Living things get energy from food in a process called respiration. This releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. The cycle then repeats." ]

[ "Growth and development are most rapid during infancy and slower throughout the rest of childhood until adolescence." ]

[ "Respiration begins with ventilation . This is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs. The lungs are the organs in which gas exchange takes place between blood and air." ]

[ "Tropical wet climates occur at or very near the Equator. They have high rainfall year round. Tropical rainforests ( FIgure below ) grow in this type of climate." ]

[ "Scott Schram. The somatic nervous system controls the movements of hands and arms . CC BY 2.0." ]

[ "Figure 38.4 The skeletons of humans and horses are examples of endoskeletons. (credit: Ross Murphy)." ]

[ "Vascular plants are further divided into seedless and seed plants." ]

[ "Coal is a solid hydrocarbon formed from decaying plant material over millions of years." ]

[ "Carnivores feed on animals, either herbivores or other carnivores. Snakes that eat mice are carnivores. Hawks that eat snakes are also carnivores ( Figure below )." ]

[ "Earth and the other planets in the solar system make elliptical orbits around the Sun. The ellipses in this image are highly exaggerated." ]

[ "The canoe paddles, nutcracker, and hammer that you read about in this lesson have something in common. All three are examples of a type of simple machine called a lever." ]

[ "Muscles work together in pairs to bend or straighten the joint." ]

[ "Bonds break and reform during chemical reactions. Reactants and products contain the same atoms, but they are rearranged during the reaction, so reactants and products are different substances." ]

[ "The mesosphere is the layer above the stratosphere. It rises to about 85 kilometers (53 miles) above the surface. Temperature decreases with altitude in this layer." ]

[ "Evolution occurs in a population when allele frequencies change over time. What causes allele frequencies to change? That question was answered by Godfrey Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg in 1908." ]

[ "In both men and women, the second most common type of cancer is lung cancer. Most cases of lung cancer develop in people who smoke." ]

[ "Glaciers cause erosion by plucking and abrasion. Valley glaciers form several unique features through erosion, including cirques, arêtes, and horns." ]

[ "Optical telescopes are designed to collect visible light. The two types of optical telescopes are reflecting telescopes and refracting telescopes." ]

[ "The rocks in this photo of the Grand Canyon are all sedimentary. Hard rocks that are resistant to weathering form cliffs. Softer rocks that weather more easily form slopes." ]

[ "Galaxies can be spiral, elliptical, or irregular." ]

[ "The thyroid gland is a relatively large gland in the neck. Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include thyroxin. Thyroxin increases the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body." ]

[ "The combined magnetic force of the magnetized wire coil and iron bar makes an electromagnet very strong." ]

[ "Infiltration is the process by which water soaks into the ground. Some of the water may seep deep underground. Some may stay in the soil, where plants can absorb it with their roots." ]

[ "Viruses were assumed to exist before they were first seen with an electron microscope in the 1930s. Multiple hypotheses for viral origins have been proposed." ]

[ "Usually evolutionary changes occur at a very slow pace. Human evolution took millions of years. However, sometimes evolution can also happen quite quickly." ]

[ "Electron transport is the final stage of aerobic respiration. In this stage, energy from NADH and FADH 2 is transferred to ATP." ]

[ "The heart contracts rhythmically to pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. Specialized cardiac muscle cells trigger the contractions." ]

[ "Cycloalkanes are hydrocarbons whose molecules are closed rings rather than straight or branched chains. A cyclic hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon with a ring of carbon atoms." ]

[ "skin infection caused by the fungus Trichophyton that causes a characteristic ring-shaped rash." ]

[ "The trachea , or wind pipe, is a long tube that leads down to the chest." ]

[ "Australopithecus afarensis is a human ancestor that lived about 3 million years ago." ]

[ "The second line of defense includes the inflammatory response and phagocytosis by nonspecific leukocytes." ]

[ "The immune system includes lymph organs, lymph vessels, lymph, and lymph nodes." ]

[ "Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane and down a concentration gradient. They can move into or out of a cell, depending on the concentration of the solute." ]

[ "Fats are solid lipids that animals use to store energy." ]

[ "Ground tissue makes up much of the inside of a plant. The cells of ground tissue carry out basic metabolic functions and other biochemical reactions. Ground tissue may also store food or water." ]

[ "stoichiometric coefficient : The letters a, b, c, and d where A and B are reactants, and C and D are products. The stoichiometric coefficients indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products." ]

[ "The cardiovascular system moves nutrients and other substances throughout the body." ]

[ "In a hydrogen replacement reaction, the hydrogen in the acid is replaced by an active metal." ]

[ "The diversity of living things is called biodiversity." ]

[ "Under the right conditions, light can be used to eject electrons from a solid material." ]

[ "energy. Red marrow is where hematopoiesis—the production of blood cells—takes place. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are all produced in the red marrow." ]

[ "Landslides are the most dramatic, sudden, and dangerous types of mass wasting. Landslides are sudden falls of rock; by contrast, avalanches are sudden falls of snow." ]

[ "Sexual reproduction occurs when spores from two parents fuse and form a zygospore." ]

[ "All carbon atoms have six protons. Most also have six neutrons, but some have seven or eight neutrons. What is the mass number of a carbon isotope that has seven neutrons?." ]

[ "Mushrooms are fungi that are eaten by people all over the globe." ]

[ "Alcohols can lose water to form alkenes." ]

[ "Lightning occurs when there is a sudden discharge of static electricity between a cloud and the ground." ]

[ "Amides are prepared by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with ammonia or an amine." ]

[ "Bird organ systems are adapted for flight. For example, they have light-weight air-filled bones and a large four-chambered heart." ]

[ "An electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of volts. It then enters a region traveling perpendicular to a magnetic field of . Calculate the velocity of the electron." ]

[ "diploid cell that forms when two haploid gametes unite during fertilization." ]

[ "Decomposers release nutrients when they break down dead organisms." ]

[ "Particles that are too large to be suspended move along the stream bed by saltation." ]

[ "Avoid close contact with people who are sick. This includes kissing, hugging, shaking hands, and sharing cups or eating utensils." ]

[ "Secondary pollutants form from chemical reactions that occur when pollution is exposed to sunlight." ]

[ "Electron configurations are a shorthand method of indicating what subshells electrons occupy in atoms." ]

[ "The population is an important level of organization in ecology. It is also the unit of microevolution." ]

[ "Carbon dioxide is released when limestone is heated during the production of cement." ]

[ "Transport vesicles are able to move molecules between locations inside the cell. For example, transport vesicles move proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus." ]

[ "Various conditions affect enzyme function. Pepsin and trypsin are two digestive enzymes that work in contrasting environments." ]

[ "The temperature of the box is related to the average speed of the molecules. Use momentum principles to relate temperature to pressure. Explain conceptually, in words rather than with equations." ]

[ "The atmosphere is a big part of the water cycle. What do you think would happen to Earth’s water without it?." ]

[ "Producers create food energy. They are the base of all life on Earth. Most producers use photosynthesis but a very small number use chemosynthesis." ]