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may have conflicts of interest with us or our stockholders, and they may |
not act in our best interests or may not perform their obligations under |
these contracts. If our VIE or its equity holders fail to perform their |
respective obligations under the contractual arrangements, we may not be |
able to enforce our rights. In addition, if the Chinese government deems |
that the contractual arrangements in relation to our VIE do not comply |
with Chinese governmental restrictions on foreign investment, or if |
these regulations or their interpretation changes in the future, we |
could be subject to penalties, be forced to cease our operations in |
China, or be subject to restrictions in the future, and we may incur |
additional compliance costs. The contractual arrangements with our VIE |
may also be subject to scrutiny by the Chinese tax authorities and any |
adjustment of related party transaction pricing could lead to additional |
taxes. |
*We could face liability for information or content on or accessible |
through our platform.* |
We could face claims relating to information or content that is made |
available on our platform. Our platform relies upon content that is |
created and posted by Hosts, guests, or other third parties. Although |
content on our platform is typically generated by third parties, and not |
by us, claims of defamation, disparagement, negligence, warranty, |
personal harm, intellectual property infringement, or other alleged |
damages could be asserted against us, in addition to our Hosts and |
guests. While we rely on a variety of statutory and common-law |
frameworks and defenses, including those provided by the DMCA, the CDA, |
the fair-use doctrine and various tort law defenses in the United States |
and the E-Commerce Directive in the European Union and other |
regulations, differences between statutes, limitations on immunity or |
responsibility, requirements to maintain immunity or proportionate |
responsibility, and moderation efforts in the many jurisdictions in |
which we operate may affect our ability to rely on these frameworks and |
defenses, or create uncertainty regarding liability for information or |
content uploaded by Hosts and guests or otherwise contributed by |
third-parties to our platform. |
Moreover, regulators in the United States and in other countries may |
introduce new regulatory regimes that increase potential liability for |
information or content available on our platform. For example, in the |
United States, laws such as the CDA, which have previously been |
interpreted to provide substantial protection to interactive computer |
service providers, may change and become less predictable or unfavorable |
by legislative action or juridical interpretation. Additionally, there |
have been various federal legislative efforts to restrict the scope of |
the protections available to online platforms under the CDA, and current |
protections from liability for third-party content in the United States |
could decrease or change. There is proposed U.S. federal legislation |
seeking to hold platforms liable for user-generated content, including |
content related to short-term or long-term rentals. We could incur |
significant costs investigating and defending such claims and, if we are |
found liable, significant damages. |
The European Union is also reviewing the regulation of digital services. |
In November 2022, the DSA came into force. The majority of the |
substantive provisions of the DSA will begin to take effect between 2023 |
and 2024. The DSA will govern, among other things, potential liability |
for illegal content on platforms, traceability of traders, and |
transparency reporting obligations. Some European jurisdictions have |
also proposed or intend to pass legislation that imposes new obligations |
and liabilities on platforms with respect to certain types of harmful |
content. |
While the scope and timing of these proposals are currently evolving, if |
enacted and applied to our platform, the new rules may adversely affect |
our business. In countries in Asia and Latin America, generally there |
are not similar statutes as the CDA or E-Commerce Directive. The laws of |
countries in Asia and Latin America generally provide for direct |
liability if a platform is involved in creating such content or has |
actual knowledge of the content without taking action to take it down. |
Further, laws in some Asian countries also provide for primary or |
secondary liability, which can include criminal liability, if a platform |
failed to take sufficient steps to prevent such content from being |
uploaded. Because liability often flows from information or content on |
our platform and/or services accessed through our platform, as we |
continue to expand our offerings, tiers, and scope of business, both in |
terms of the range of offerings and services and geographical |
operations, we may face or become subject to additional or different |
laws and regulations. Our potential liability for information or content |
created by third parties and posted to our platform could require us to |
implement additional measures to reduce our exposure to such liability, |
may require us to expend significant resources, may limit the |
desirability of our platform to Hosts and guests, may cause damage to |
our brand or reputation, and may cause us to incur time and costs |
defending such claims in litigation, thereby materially adversely |
affecting our business, results of operations, and financial condition. |
In the European Union, the Consumer Rights Directive and the Unfair |
Commercial Practices Directive harmonized consumer rights across the EU |
member states. In 2018, the European Commission and a group of European |
consumer protection authorities (through the Consumer Protection |
Cooperation Network) investigated our customer terms and price display |
practices, which required us to make certain changes to our terms and |
price display practices. If Consumer Protection Regulators find that we |
are in breach of consumer protection laws, we may be fined or required |
to change our terms and processes, which may result in increased |
operational costs. Consumers and certain Consumer Protection |
Associations may also bring individual claims against us if they believe |
that our terms and/or business practices are not in compliance with |
local consumer protection laws. Currently, class actions may also be |
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