text
large_stringlengths 2
26.8k
| model
large_stringclasses 9
values | temperature
float64 0
1
| target
int64 0
1
| top_p
float64 0
1
| family
large_stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ocean Park Hong Kong in the Philippines Report Expansion into the Philippines The decision for Ocean Park to expand into the Philippines market hinges on several points of consideration. First, the prospects of the company expanding its domestic operations in Hong Kong are poor because the cost of land is high and stringent regulations are too stifling. For example, the average price per square meter of property in Hong Kong is $28570, while in the Philippines it is $3952. Land prices are good indicators of the cost of doing business, which means it will be cheaper and more profitable for Ocean Park to do business in the Philippines. Besides, the economy is projected to continue growing for the next six years. Second, the Philippines has been enjoying double-digit growth in its tourism sector recently. In 2017, tourism grew from 5.967 million to 6.62 million visitors, underscoring a growth rate of 11 percent. Despite the fact that the number of visitors to Hong Kong (58.5 million in 2017) outweighs that of the Philippines by close to ten times, the majority of visitors to the latter are on vacation and, thus, are looking for recreational services, with the bulk of such visitors coming from China. Additionally, the Philippines has a population of 100 million people, which means that Ocean Park could also serve locals in various locations around the country. Finally, Filipinos rank as some of the most confident spenders in the world and offer a ready market for Ocean Park. Third, the available amusement parks in the Philippines are widely scattered, and are focused on single themes – water parks, rides, shows, and zoos. However, Ocean Park has extensive experience in this area, and has incorporated all these activities, as well as having diversified into other forms of entertainment such as nightlife and animal exhibitions. These diverse services could result in disruption to the local industry. However, the company could also form joint ventures with local firms for easy market penetration. CAGE Analysis Cultural Distance The majority of Filipinos can communicate in English, which is also considered one of the national languages in Hong Kong, so interacting with the local community will not be a challenge. However, while the dominant religion in Hong Kong is Buddhism and Taoism, Christianity is popular among Filipinos. Nevertheless, Filipinos are hospitable and lively people and the religion issue is not expected to play a significant role in the success of Ocean Park in the country. Administrative Distance The Philippines has strong ties with the United States, which might cause a potential conflict with China. Additionally, the country has a complicated relationship with China due to tension in the South China Sea. However, the current administration is trying to strengthen its business ties with China. Overall, the conflict between American and Chinese interests in the country might affect foreign direct investment (FDI). Nevertheless, the Philippines relationship with Hong Kong is healthy, and Ocean Park could take advantage of the situation. However, the locals are generally hostile to foreign businesses being established in the local market, and this issue has to be dealt with. Additionally, political changes, war on drugs, and corruption pose a threat to FDI. Geographic Distance The Philippines is an archipelago, and thus it has one of the longest coastlines (36,289 kilometers) in the world, including plenty of idle land. Therefore, Ocean Park could establish amusement parks in different locations near beaches with thriller rides, animal exhibits, and water attractions. Additionally, Hong Kong is the nearest international business hub to Manila. With only 1,330 kilometers between the two locations, a flight takes only 150 minutes. Economic Distance The median household income in Hong Kong is $35443, while that of the Philippines is $5100. However, the cost of doing business in the latter is low and it is easy to enter the market. Additionally, the two countries enjoy a strong business relationship, with the Philippines being Hong Kong’s 12 th largest trading partner. With the signing of the Memorandum of Intent in Manila in 2015, the two are expected to continue enjoying close business ties in the future.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Research Findings 4. Conclusion 5. References Introduction The article The Paradox of a Marketing Planning Capability and several examples of paradox in marketing from real companies will be presented in this work. The ideas of marketing implementation are considered to be the major ones in this work, as only marketing implementation may include “producing advertising material, undertaking promotions, manufacturing products, inconsistent promotions” (Gelder, 2005, p.59). Paradox in marketing planning may be caused by different outcomes of planning capabilities, this is why this very issue is considered to be the burning one for many researchers. Literature Review The major purpose of marketing planning is to develop and promote the relationship between a firm and the environment (Slotegraaf & Dickson, 2004, p. 372), in other words, marketing implementation should be on a really proper level. This is why planning capabilities should be developed day by taking and improved in accordance with new circumstances. Unfortunately, even excellent planning may bring to poor implementation. Poor prepared marketing copies, not successful targeting campaigns, or even bad design of a web site – all this is a good example of poor implementation even with proper marketing planning (Schultz & Doerr, 2009, 40). This is why good marketing should give proper answers to who the customers are, what the products are, why needs should be met, when and where to start working, how to advertise the products (Epstein, 2006, p. 3). However, even taking into consideration all these aspects, it is quite possible to face marketing paradox in case firms are not interested in improvising from their own approved plans even if they have enough planning capabilities. Research Findings Very often, the results of investigations of marketing planning capability show that this capability’s effect is curvilinear. When marketing planning capability enhances performance and decreases returns exist, the effect is negative. However, at the same time, planning capabilities lead to positive results because advertising still takes places. So, marketing paradox is noticeable and has to be solved. In order to manage this type of paradox, it is necessary to clear up with tensions. For example, when one firm creates a certain plan but the content of this plan is explained not to each member of a team, the implementation will be certainly poor, and the mistake will be made by numerous departments in chain. Social media is one of the spheres, where poor implementation of good marketing planning capabilities takes place. Many media companies create proper content but do not take into consideration marketing this content. Their focus is databases and mail lists. Their marketing time is usually used in order to advertise and grab people’s attention. But with time, they have to spend much time on content marketing (according to certain laws), this is why they do not have much time to market other things. So, their good planning lead to negative effects, and marketing is not that effective. Conclusion Nowadays, lots of firms may face paradox of a marketing planning capability. Usually, this paradox is caused by lack of desire to develop and use planning improvisation and presence of rigidity in marketing. In order to overcome this paradox, it is necessary to evaluate the situation in general and the participation of each member of the firm in particular. Only in this case, some ideas on how to improve marketing will be found. References Epstein, K 2006, Marketing Made Easy , Kevin Epstein. Gelder, S 2005, Global Brand Strategy: Unlocking Brand Potential across Countries, Cultures & Markets , Kogan Page Publishers. Schultz, M and Doerr, J 2009, Professional Services Marketing: How the Best Firms Build Premier Brands, Thriving Lead Generation Engines, and Cultures of Business Development Success , John Wiley and Sons. Slotegraaf, RJ and Dickson, PR 2004, ‘The Paradox of a Marketing Planning Capability’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , vol. 32, no. 4, p. 371-285.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Caffeine Addiction as a Mental Disorder Report Life Pleasant and Hazardous How many people enjoy life? Most, one may say. And what are the pleasures people enjoy? Reading a good love story or being enthusiastic with the new best-seller, thriller by King, or probably you like very good movies. The list is to be completed with every own taste. And isn’t enjoying life through the meals or drink pleasant? One can say it is and will definitely be right. But is that kind of pleasure pleasant? Or maybe hazardous? The problem called substance addiction is widely spoken about and is learned very much from all the facets of modern society. Any drug that is cocaine, heroin, opium, alcohol, tobacco abuse, or some other drug abuse is not pleasant anymore when conditioned to addiction, and its withdrawal is painful. Caffeine addiction “A single cup of coffee a day is enough to get you hooked on caffeine, it is revealed today” (p. 26, Mark Prigg). The problem of caffeine abuse is so regular in society that caffeine addiction is called common today. The questions to ask students, for instance, concerning the quantity of coffee drank per day, the sum of money spent on it for some period of time, and the main is there any predisposed need of abusing caffeine. Aspects concerning professional interests can be of pros and cons of including the caffeine withdrawal syndrome in the DSM. Rebecca Brinker employed for Starbucks says on average, there are around 400 to 500 people who buy a coffee a day, not including the faculty. Sometimes, there are repeat customers who will buy coffee three or four times a day, and their best seller is Frappuccino and Caramel Macchiato. And from the coffee makers and distributors part, the questions of the profit and quality of the coffee sold are concerned. Professor Roland Griffiths, involved in researching the problem of caffeine abuse from, says that caffeine is the best known in the world and commonly used stimulant and its cheapness and easy availability stand for the easy and simple way of getting and maintaining. And continuing the research conclusion, Griffiths states that caffeine addiction, when reducing the daily dose, causes the suffering a number of withdrawal symptoms such as tiredness, headache, difficulty concentrating, and so forth. That is today’s reality. An average citizen Steve Pavlina recalls when after connecting his life with programming PC games, he began drinking coffee, often sometimes every day of the month, sometimes breaking the habit, but it was cyclical anyway. But then there was the book “Pour Your Heart Into It” by Schultz. As Steve says, the author made a gourmet coffee sound in a manner that Steve embarked on a Starbucks kick at once. And after that tried all gourmet coffees, espressos, soy lattes known to make his mind about Starbucks coffee. And Steve can not find better coffee than those made by Starbucks. Many physicians, amid which professor Griffiths, anticipate caffeine addiction should be included in the next edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which is compiled by the American Psychiatric Association and regarded to be the veritable bible of mental disorders among medical professionals. Despite Steve Pavlina’s awareness and a big interest in Starbucks coffees, there is a professional view on the problem expressed by the psychologist, whose surname she wanted not to mention, named Nancy, which says there are many things that might be of addictive nature for a human mind or body and psychologists debates on whether this or that substance addictive are groundless for the main goal of the psychologists is to aid people to live better lives. And it is a rather pragmatic question stipulated by the professionals need to debate about, but not by the addiction nature itself. But like any problem, this one concerning caffeine abuse is multifaceted. And professional view stipulated by, probably, some specific aspects and the average coffee user or abuser view is the matter of long and active discussions, but if something is problematic for someone, then someone shows think over it in order not to get sick or addicted. Bibliography Drop That Cup: ‘Caffeine Addiction’ Joins the List. (2004). The Washington Times, pp. A09, A11. GARETH SMITH: Why Is My Heart Beating So Fast? (2004). Sunday Mail, p . 49. Just One Cup of Coffee a Day Makes You a Caffeine Junkie; MENTAL HEALTH FEARS AFTER STUDY. (2004). The Evening Standard , p.26. Pavlina, S. (2005). How To Give Up Coffee . 2008. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Functions of Gold in Byzantine Art Essay Creative process is a psychological and societal process relating to the creation of new innovative ideas or conceptions, or new relations of the creative mind among accessible notions, thoughts or perceptions. The creative process is driven by the development of either conscious or unconscious awareness. A different idea of creativity is that it is purely the process of creating or generating something new and original. In this case the use of gold used in the artwork provided that extra new substance that glorified the religious aspects of the era (Simson 112). Political and religious leaders in the Holy Roman Empire found a new source of power during the 14 th century and this power was religion and faith. The common people of the region was thus influenced with religious art to make them more stable believers of Christianity and it was essential to show the common that this empire was powerful by the dint of its fait. As a result, art became a weapon or tool of extreme propaganda. From the ancient ages, art has always been a free expression. But now, the perspective changed but it was controlled by the empire and the subject of this control was the general population by use of faith. Thus, to show the value of faith it was necessary to manifest the might of the empire through art. Under such conditions, there was a distinct function in the use of precious metal like gold in the forms of Byzantine art during this era (Rice 27). Gold is a very precious metal and anyone who is in possession of gold can be considered as powerful. Logically, the empire or political power that is capable using gold in art works dedicated to Christian faith must be a very powerful, thus stable. This was an assurance for the residents of the region. Any association of gold is a point of power and when, for example, “ Icon o f the Savior”, (James 692-698) decoration of gold makes it more important to the viewers who start believing in the fundamental stability and might of the faith and therefore it was a belief towards the political power that supported it. In this case, this power was the Empire. Thus, the function was gold was of fundamental importance in the era while being used in artworks (Nelson 489-502). However, there was another reason of using gold in artworks. Gold is supposed to be permanent and its durability is extremely high. Therefore, in order to preserve the painting gold was used in parts of the artwork. There were also the riches of the empire to support the cost too. Apart from that gold gave luminosity to the artwork that no other medium can provide. This enhanced the quality of the work and thus the religious sentiments were exposed in a better and illustrious manner (James 692-698). In the process of describing the creative process of the artists in the parameters of Byzantine art, it is evident how closely the word ‘Genius’ is intertwined with their creativity. Intellectual brilliance in combination with highest quality of creativity brings in the concept of genius. Beautiful ideas and their proper implementations which have a profound influence on the observers get tagged with the label of creative genius. Individuals are often said to be creative on the basis of their lifestyle, their works in respective fields and their attitudes (Beckwith 15). Their creative process can be perceived as imaginative, supple, not stereotyped, and influential and authoritarian and the use of gold definitely help their cause. Works Cited Beckwith, John. Early Christian and Byzantine art . NY: Yale University Press, 1993. James, Liz. Senses and sensibility in Byzantium. Art History 27.4, (2004): 692-698. Nelson, Robert S. Empathetic Vision: Looking At And With A Performative Byzantine Miniature. Art History , 30.4, (2007): 489-502. Rice, Talbot. Byzantine Art. London: Penguin Books, 1964. Simson, Otto G. Sacred Fortress: Byzantine Art and Statecraft in Ravenna . Boston: Books on Demand, 1987.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Napoleon Bonaparte and the Enlightenment Essay The Enlightenment era was a period of successive waves of changes in social, economic, political, and rational Europe during the Eighteenth Century. This was a period where individuals used creative intelligence in all spheres of life and uplifted the standards of the European continent. The enlightenment era produced many great intellectuals and Napoleon Bonaparte was one of them. Napoleon Bonaparte once said, “When a government is dependent on bankers for money, they and not the leaders of the government control the situation, since the hand that gives is above the hand that takes. Money has no motherland; financiers are without patriotism and decency; their sole object is gain.” The quote gives a view of his enlightened vision when we comprehend this concerning the global financial crisis and the Occupy Movements spreading to various parts of the world. This essay aims to outline the relationship between Napoleon and the enlightenment. Radiance of Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon was an enlightened genius. His extensive interest in books and readings provided him with great insights to understand society, economics, politics, science, and wars. His brilliance surpassed many and was well reflected in his attitudes and policies. From being a French military strategist, organizer, and political leader who had envisioned the concept of a Unified Europe through a series of sustained collaborations, social maneuverings, and military acquisitions to a continuous innovator in warfare technology. His legacy apart from a powerful general included social and economic reforms like higher education, a tax code, road and sewage systems, and the establishment of banks. The method of religious tolerance was an instrument to win over the trust of the common masses. He gave religious freedom to the people of conquered lands just like Alexander the Great did. He negotiated the Concordat of 1801 to win the faith of the Catholics and regulated public worship in France. He bought the trust of the Pope and thus he was able to use religion as a weapon to control enemies and people alike. The ability to adapt the social customs made him popular. The writers have called him an ‘enlightened despot’, who believed in holding absolute powers to bring radical changes in the society through coded enforcement. His oratory and leadership skills were needed during those times of French unrest and upheaval. He advocated the system of voting for adopting his policies of reforms. He heavily taxed the upper classes to improve the conditions of the poor majority. His codified laws had a social bent of spirit and it impacted the majority. His social reforms sought to bring equality to society. Meritocracy was given due recognition. He initiated reforms in science when he became the President of the French Academy of Sciences. The importance of education and science arose. Many scholarships and institutions were established. His civil code of conduct, the Napoleonic Code, prepared by legal experts was brought to enforce a law against civil, criminal, and commercial cases. Critics do view him as not doing much for woman’s emancipation as he believed they had a rightful place in homes bringing up children (Blaufarb 120-200). Napoleon was brilliance recognized by his opponents like Wellington, whose reflections could still be seen in military and public policy schools where his art of innovations and philosophies are being taught. Thus we may conclude that Napoleon was an enlightened genius who was born to transform the outlook of the world. Works Cited Blaufarb, R. Napoleon: Symbol for an Age, a Brief History with Documents. Bedford. 2007. Print.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Each day thousands of individuals get to this big African city to begin a fresh life and create a new, enhanced future. The majority of such people hail from outside Nigeria. Christian and Jean are both educators from Benin. In the street life in Lagos film, the two are shown to arrive in Lagos to look for their affluence, reside, and work in one of the greatly renowned slums across the globe, Makoko. The movie greatly centers on the two foreigners and their endeavors in search of a better life in Lagos. In the movie, Christian and Jean take the viewers through a journey of their adopted metropolis, evidently expressing the fortitude of enterprise and endurance that the inhabitants require to make an income. A boat or motorcycle can result in an immense difference, and the people with at least a generator or scavenging the trash piles all attempt to make ends meet in the rough, vibrant metropolis. Since slum tourism acts as the trend amid documentary moviemakers in cities across Africa, street life in Lagos is no different. It generates the normal inquiries of the person giving the stories regarding Africa; in what manner and for which reason. In which way are the Africans giving their stories in documentaries such as this, and what is its framework? In which manner is the metropolis, the slums within, and its residents signified in the movie? However, judging by the state of affairs, the representation is not good at all. Watching the movie gives a feeling of between experimental anthropology and poverty expression since, in spite of the movie maker’s most probable excellent objectives, the movie fails to generate a connection with Makoko and the majority of its residents that are seen all through the movie. The movie contains transitory, at times hauling narratives, though the attraction that holds the watcher to a character or narrative is very weak. The movie gives the viewer a sensation of just getting a glance and moving on. In the task of an anthropologist equipped with a camera, the moviemakers offer no introduction, opinionated, economic, or social background to Lagos or Makoko. In this regard, the global viewer is tossed in the unfathomable end. The street life in Lagos , as a documentary movie impression, could be all jittery and full of stodgy content, but unluckily it does not appear so. After Jean and Christian have given their accounts of immigration, the moviemakers proceed to the school (in the evening) were deprived, non-speaking, and intrusive children are illustrated. With no enlightenment and nothing clarified concerning them, the movie progresses to the subsequent scene. This becomes the order of the movie as it has many narratives regarding anonymous, ageless individuals with attributes and situations that the viewers do not, in reality, get to identify. On this note, rather than inviting the viewers to connect with the impoverished slum residents of Lagos that are all shown from the back a Conradesque camera view, the movie calls for the viewers to just observe them. Moreover, Lagos is not well represented in the movie as just a single kind of narrative regarding the metropolis turns out to be the perceived major story, whereas a metropolis ought to have many intricate and intertwined stories.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Carbon Tradable Permit Policy and Its Relevance Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Relevance of the Implemented Strategies 3. Positive Effect on the Environment 4. Conclusion 5. Works Cited Introduction Ensuring environmental safety is an essential measure that is particularly important in the face of global warming and the pollution of the air due to harmful emissions. Appropriate policies aimed at requiring enterprises to organize production so as to limit carbon emissions would require controls on the volume of emissions. Government initiatives in this area provide for the monitoring of corporations’ potentially dangerous activities and the taxation of those that exceed the norm of carbon dioxide produced. The relevance of the emissions control program lies in its benefits to the economy due to payments made to the budget, as well as in the positive effect of reducing the level of environmental pollution. Relevance of the Implemented Strategies The possibilities of this policy are significant. For instance, Field and Field claim that “the essence of the charge approach is to provide an incentive for the polluters themselves to find the best way to reduce emissions” (223). In other words, the state does not use all available resources to prevent air pollution, but acts as an independent board, guiding and regulating businesses’ activities. This approach makes it possible to monitor the level of expenditures in the search for alternative sources to minimize the consequences of pollution. It should also be noted that carbon-reducation programs like this have gained popularity in recent years. According to Field and Field, from an economic perspective, the effectiveness of this policy is significant, since it makes it possible to minimize costs and at the same time assist in controlling emissions (260). Moreover, according to Stern, economic analysis should take one of the key roles in the process of assessing the utility of a particular practice (2). Therefore, the relevance of this strategy is grounded not only in a practical perspective but also in a financial point of view. Positive Effect on the Environment One of the policy’s aspects is emissions trading. This has a positive impact on the budget, as according to Field and Field, it can “offer substantial improvements over traditional approaches in terms of cost-effectiveness” (286). Moreover, this approach to the organization of emissions control can significantly improve the environmental situation. As Delarue and Van den Bergh note, reducing the level of carbon emissions into the atmosphere allows for partially slowing the process of global warming and preventing the emergence of holes in the ozone layer (37). In turn, it is a step towards correcting the current pollution situation. Sometimes criticism of the policy has been expressed. Jorgenson et al. note that some skeptical government officials say it is impossible to control the amount of emissions from a particular company (127). Nevertheless, as practice shows, changes are occurring for the better. Relevant work is being conducted to calculate a specific volume of harmful gases, and in case this amount is exceeded, sanctions are applied. Therefore, pursuing this course is likely to be successful and it should be implemented. Conclusion The importance of the emission control policy under consideration is based on its ability to monitor the level of pollution in the country and to replenish the budget through fines. The relevance of this strategy is determined both from an economic and ecological point of view. Despite skepticism, the provisions of the policy are useful, and it will have a positive effect on the environment. The development of the program is an important condition for correcting the current situation with pollution. Works Cited Delarue, Erik, and Kenneth Van den Bergh. “Carbon Mitigation in the Electric Power Sector under Cap-and-Trade and Renewables Policies.” Energy Policy , vol. 92, 2016, pp. 34-44. Field, Barry C., and Martha K. Field. Environmental Economics: An Introduction . 7th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2017. Jorgenson, Dale W., et al. “Carbon Taxes and Fiscal Reform in the United States.” National Tax Journal , vol. 68, no. 1, 2015, pp. 121-137. Stern, Nicholas. “The Economics of Climate Change.” American Economic Review , vol. 98, no. 2, 2008, pp. 1-37.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Managing and Leading Project Teams Expository Essay Dictionary.com defines trust as “reliance on the integrity, strength, ability, surety, etc., of a person or thing” or “confident expectation of something”. Thompson (2004) explains that trusting a person means that he or she will respect all commitments even though he or she is aware that no one is going to monitor or observe their behavior. By maintaining integrity, a person can ensure that he or she will be able to win the trust of others. Karlsen et al (2008) explain that trust amongst team members makes them more cooperative. Also, trust encourages team members to share relevant information when required and allows them to be influenced by decisions and actions of others. Trust cannot be developed within a day and usually it will take some time to develop. The reasons for not trusting could be various ranging from past bad experience, cultural differences, prejudice, office politics, and many other factors that influence the judgment. This means that the project team put together may not trust each other well enough and it is the duty of the project manager to build and sustain trust amongst team members to ensure that the project runs smoothly and ends up successfully. Trust is essential not only amongst internal project team members but also external people that include the management, clients, vendors, etc. If the management and the client don’t trust that the project manager can handle the project well, then there are bound to be issues on the project. Hence, the project manager needs to build and sustain trust with the management, clients and all other stakeholders involved in the project. One of the keys to building trust is open communication. This means project objectives need to be discussed openly and clearly. Also, any bad news needs to be communicated clearly. So if the project is behind schedule, all stakeholders need to know about it. If more resources are required, the stakeholders need to be made aware of that. If there is little or no participation by stakeholders, then the project sponsor needs to be communicated. Clear and open communication keeping all stakeholders informed and involved appropriately helps people understand that bad news are not being hidden from them and that they can expect honest reports from the project manager. Another important aspect to build trust is to define clear roles and responsibilities of all team members and communicate it to all stakeholders. This ensures that everyone knows what their activities and tasks would be and what their boundaries are. Clearly defined roles and responsibilities also mean that there will be less conflict amongst team members and that there will be no territorial bickering. A project manager can also help build trust by encouraging fun and laughter in the team. If done appropriately and especially when under pressure, it would help bring the team together and build trust. While it takes a long time to build trust, it can take hardly a second to break it. Therefore, it is essential that effort is put in by all concerned to sustain that trust. This means ensuring that confidential information is not disclosed even accidentally. All team members are involved in communications related to the project rather than informing just one or two people. Micromanaging people should be avoided and each team member should be given liberty to complete his tasks within his boundaries. This would help sustain trust over a longer period of time. (Larson et al, 2006) Reference List Karlsen, J. T., Græe, K. & Massaoud, M. J. (2008). Building trust in project-stakeholder relationships. Baltic Journal of Management, 3, 7-22. Larson, E. & Larson, R. (2006) How to Gather Business Requirements & Build Trust. Web. Thompson, L. L. (2004). Making the Team: A Guide for Managers . NJ: Prentice Hall.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Cost Benefit Analysis of the Company Report Cost-benefit analysis is a simple technique for deciding whether a change is to be brought in any production process or it may be applied to any situation where costs are involved to obtain financial benefits. In a cost-benefit analysis, only financial costs and financial benefits are taken into account. In a cost-benefit analysis, all the positive factors are found, quantified, and added and these represent the benefits. It also identifies, quantifies, and subtracts the negative factors representing the costs. The difference between the positive and negative factors indicates whether the planned action is advisable. The cost-benefit can be considered in three scenarios: Scenario I – The Company inspects 18,000 lots to keep the inspection costs within $ 1,000,000 In the instant case, by solving the case for the number of defectives to be inspected it is found that out of the 20,000 lots proposed to be made, 18,000 lots need to be inspected to arrive at a defective quantity of 300 lots. This defective quantity is arrived at by solving for the ‘X value in the Excel sheet. The inspection of 18,000 units will keep the inspection costs within the proposed level of $ 1,000,000. The total cost of inspection in this scenario is as follows: Cost of 300 Defective lots 300 X 100 X $ 33.3333 = $ 1,000,000 Cost of inspecting 18,000 lots 18,000 X $ 500 = $ 9,000,000 Total cost to the company $ 9,000,000 + $ 1,000,000 = $ 10,000,000 Scenario II – The Company does not do any inspection There is no inspection cost involved. Cost of defective items would be 20000 X 0.15 X 100 X 33.3333 = $ 10,000,000 Scenario III –The Company does 100 percent Inspection From the simulation process (done in Excel), it is found that the cost of defective units and cost of inspection remains the same irrespective of the fact that the Company inspects 1 unit or 20,000 units. There is no change in the cost. In this case, there will be no defective units. However the inspection cost remains at 20,000 X $ 500 = $ 10,000,000 Quality Policy Even though all three scenarios may involve a total cost of $ 10,000,000, the cost-benefit analysis leads to different results. Considering the financial involvements in the above three scenarios, to meet the condition that the inspection charges should be less than or equal to 1% of the total sales value, the Company should adopt a quality policy of inspecting 18,000 units as shown in scenario one.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Efficacy of the Taxes Act 2003 Report Outline This paper critically examines the efficacy of the Taxes Act 2003, passed by former President Bush by cutting personal taxes and depreciation rates, in order to create more incomes and thus increase consumer spending, leading to higher GDP and lower unemployment after its passing. By using economic models, it is sought to show that marginal propensity for increased income would be more than marginal imports, thus creating surplus funds for social good. However, the assumption that consumption and imports bear a nexus to disposable income may not be applicable in all cases. While this article has been partly successful in its approach and argument, it has failed to provide robust recommendations on how to address this dilemma. Introduction Did she/he set forth a clear purpose of analysis and the question at issue (that is the problem or dilemma) very clearly? Explain fully why or why not. Yes, to a certain extent, there was a clear purpose of analysis, and this was in terms of critically examining the Taxes Act 2003. The dilemma was in terms of whether after the passing of the Act, the aims and objectives of this Bill had been achieved, especially in areas of higher GDP, lowered unemployment brought about by reduced tax rates, which normally should increase spending and make the economy flush with funds for investments and higher employment rates. It is believed that “savings from the capital gains tax cut would be concentrated among higher-income individuals, and as a result the savings were less likely to be spent and would produce only a small economic stimulus.” (Krawczyk and Wright, 2009, Para 2). The clear purpose however could not be fully determined since the graphs were not consistent and matching with the commentary. Moreover, there are also unexplained definitions and key terms with regard to financial terminologies used. The Concepts: Did she/he give a concise description and definition of the concepts? Explain fully (Please identify the concepts) The main concepts have been the economic concepts which state that Total income = Consumption (as a function of disposable income) + investments (function of Interest r) + exogenous government exports + exogenous imports – Imports (as a function of disposable income). (The 2003 Tax Cuts and the Economy: The underlying Concepts). It is believed that when income increases, consumption also increases, since this report assumes that income is linked with consumption and imports, but the additional inclination to consume is higher than additional inclination to import. Analysis: Did she/he employ comprehensive thinking to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the facts, concepts, and values that together form the case with a view to testing somebody or bodies of principles, proposals, or procedures…? Explain fully The author has taken recourse to diagrammatical representation to analyze, synthesize and evaluate the topic. The aspect tested is whether legislation has impacted upon growth and reduced economic uncertainties, like unemployment. While this study has believed that the bill may have been partly successful in increasing growth rates (GDP), it is seen that it has not been able to consider whether unemployment has been addressed. Further, it is also seen that the reasons for the bottom dip and later increase in lending rates and fiscal position have not been addressed. It could be apparent and best surmised that the upward curve to the left in lending rates and fiscal position and would have been due to other factors and not due to the direct impact of Bill 2003. Conclusions/recommendations: Did she/he summarize the findings and conclusions and include specific recommendations for action. Explain fully. To a certain extent, the summarization of the findings and conclusions has been made, but these could have been better structured and presented. For one thing, the nexus between the economic concepts used and their implications on unemployment rates have not been delineated; for another, the diagrammatical representations have not been lucidly explained. The recommendations have been scantly stressing only upon the fact that direct methods rather than indirect methods to reduce unemployment rates may be used. What these direct methods are have not been mentioned or discussed. Style: Did she/he use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries appropriately? Yes, largely, the quotations, paraphrases and summaries have been reasonably appropriate. The correct APA citation has also been, by and large following. Reference List Krawczyk, K and Wright, L. (2009). Dividends and capital gains planning after the 2003 Tax act: Economic effects. The CPA journal. A Publication of the New York State Society of CPAs . Web. The 2003 Tax Cuts and the Economy: The underlying Concepts. (Provided by the customer).
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Social Issues in “Be Right Back” Episode of “Black Mirror” Series Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Summary of the Episode 3. Social Issues Raised in the Episode 4. Conclusion 5. Work Cited Introduction Nowadays, with the development of modern technologies, people actively watch TV shows and movies, read popular magazines and books and use the internet and social nets. All these activities and components form the so-called “popular culture,” based on information and entertainment. Sociologists give many definitions of popular culture, but “it always links the concepts of entertainment, media, technological developments, and diverse mass audiences across large geographical areas“ (Raine, intro). Since popular culture is created by the consumption of certain products by a large audience, it is logical to suggest that it has a serious impact on people and high significance for society. Through the media products that create popular culture, the ideas of social and cultural issues are passed to society. A good example of the social relevance of popular culture can be an episode of the British series “Black Mirror” called “Be Right Back.” The story about a young couple reveals the theme of grief and the way how an individual can deal with that. Another idea of the episode that is topical for the society of the 21st century is people’s addiction to virtual lives which are created online. The episode shows that social media and technologies can fill soul emptiness of a man in grief, but it has just a temporary effect. Summary of the Episode The story narrates about a young couple, Martha and Ash, who moved to a new house outside the city. Soon Ash died in a car accident, and Martha, heartbroken, decided to use the technology that created artificial intelligence. She uploaded pictures and videos of Ash to the database and started talking to his virtual copy on the phone. Soon Martha forced herself to believe that she was talking to real Ash and shared the news that she was pregnant. Being in fear that she can lose touch with him, she decided to transfer virtual Ash to a synthetic body and transformed it into an android that looked like Ash. However, Martha felt unhappy about this artificial life-form because it did not have the same characteristic features as Ash did. It obeyed her in everything, even when it came to the expression of its emotions. In a few years, Martha still kept artificial Ash in the attic of her house. She allows her daughter seeing it every weekend. Social Issues Raised in the Episode As it was mentioned above, there are two main problems of the society that are shown in the episode. First of all, it is a problem of acceptance of a death of loved ones. Martha loved Ash so much and the news about his death shocked her. To relief the pain she felt when she lost him, she created his virtual version. Even at the end of the episode, when it has been more than seven years since Ash passed away, she kept coming back to an artificial android every weekend with her daughter. The episode shows, however, that it did not bring any relief to Martha. She felt unhappy with the android because it was not the person she used to know. In one of the scenes of the episodes, in her conversation with the copy of Ash, she says that the android does not have a history of its life; it is just an image without any feelings and emotions. Therefore, the episodes discusses the questions about dealing with grief and if people should form artificial copies of those who they lose. The problem of grief is closely linked to the issue of people’s addiction to virtual lives. While some people find there those who passed away, others create something hard to achieve in real life. For example, there are some online games that allow people creating another life, successful and unchallenging, free of troubles and commitments, such as “Second Life” or “Sansar.” Playing these games, people create the best version of themselves. They get married, have kids, achieve success in their career, travel, become champions, and enjoy their lives. Feeling emptiness in their real life, they start playing online games and obtain everything they want. However, when it is time to return to reality, they realize that it is all fake, and feel even worse than before. The same situation happened with Martha, who first shared the news with the android and spent much time with it, but then felt worse realizing that it had nothing to do with her Ash. Conclusion Thus, the “Be Right Back” episode narrates a sorrowful story about a woman who wanted to get rid of her grief and emptiness in her soul. Using the latest technologies, she tried to recreate the image of her man but realized that it was impossible. Even though the android looked like Ash, it did not possess any personal traits of the real person. It makes Martha feel even unhappier than she did before because she realized that there are no ways to return Ash. In general, the episode tries to pay people’s attention to the problem of people’s addiction to modern technologies and virtual life. It criticizes the idea of using it too often, showing that it does not bring happiness in people’s lives and affects mental health of society. Work Cited Raine, Susan. Scientology in Popular Culture: Influences and Struggles for Legitimacy . Edited by Stephen A. Kent and Susan Raine, ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Role of Hospitability and Customer Relations in Business Success Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Hospitality management 3. Conclusion 4. Reference List Introduction The contemporary challenges with which companies face today are more and more connected with the importance of customer-personnel relationships. The thing is that in contemporary urge for fast profits the senior management staff is rather capable to work out some financial models or finance, or technical abilities. In this prospect, there is no place for live and proper communication with customers. That is why the paper is dedicated straightforwardly to maintain the issue from the point of hospitality management. Moreover, the point of services going together with production is vital to outline the need of the modern world in highly qualified and educated employees for making the trademark of this or that company higher from time to time. Hospitality management The point of some restraints which happen between customers and personnel consider the facts that people are different in their characters; they are obliged to ask for services or products, which have been purchased earlier. Furthermore, the fact of different social strata rises in this case. Laurie J. Mullins (2001) in her book describes different approaches as of the functions and options of personnel while communicating with customers in their degree of further achievement of the objectives, which the company supposes to get back, but from the customers’ activity. This also points out the human factor and the reliability and validity of an individual to work under pressure while contacting customers. Moreover, one of the main functions or destinations of the personnel is to be a support for the company’s success. That is why it is significant to go through the appropriate and standardized program of education in hospitality management, especially for those who are involved in the field of service-related activities. The strategic purpose of the companies to concentrate on their customers provides a strict and rational approach toward the psychological constituent of the issue. Thus, David Kopf (2000) promotes the idea that customer relationship management (CRM) should be in the priorities of the company so that using new technologies and operational systems to satisfy the needs of customers due to the implementation of “specific customer-centered initiatives”. Though, every employee in the company having a straightforward connection with the customer support department should be educated in main tactics of how to facilitate the process of customers’ requirements satisfaction, for example. Also, there should be a scheduled table of principles and steps of how to behave with customers, with which an employee is to make himself aware. This will reduce the percentage of misunderstanding between personnel and customers and will also make the company specializes in their manner of communication. Mühlbacher, Leihs, and Dahringer (2006), on the other hand, make emphasize the significance of combining sources that are at companies’ disposal either on a local or on a global basis. Thus, the relationships with customers, according to the authors, should include four main factors, namely: areas of distribution, product price, management communication, and financial background (Mühlbacher, Leihs, and Dahringer, 2006, pp. 332-333). Conclusion To sum up, the recent need for excellent communication skills is necessary for making a company the best as of the customers’ responses. It contemplates the fact that the manner of contacting the customers as well as how to keep relationships with them after providing services is important for a company’s success and will attract new customers along with current ones. The more the personnel is educated in prospects of hospitability and customer relations, the more chances has the company. Reference List 1. Mühlbacher, H, Leihs, H, Dahringer, L 2006, International marketing: a global perspective, Ed. 3, Cengage Learning EMEA, Stamford , Connecticut. 2. Kopf, D 2000, ‘CRM: Who Ya Gonna Call?’, Business Communications Review , December, Vol. 30, pp. 52. 3. Mullins, LJ 2001, Hospitality management and organizational behavior , Ed. 4, Pearson Education, New Jersey.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Sustainable Development as an Aspiration Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main Discussion 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction The concept of ‘sustainable development’ takes its origin in the times of the post-war environmentalist movement, when the negative effects of human development upon the planet were fully recognized. Understanding the importance of saving the environment and securing the future, the society decided to make ‘greening’ of the economy an important concern for management at all levels. Main Discussion The international attempts of developing strategies for sustainable development have had impact upon many organizations. In 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development took place in Rio de Janeiro, where the main principles of global sustainability were defined (DEFRA 2011). Whereas sustainability has become one of the key principles of development, there are several approaches taken by scholars in defining the concept of ‘sustainable development’ (The Scottish Government 2006). The theoretical approaches range from strong sustainability (a planet over people approach) to weak sustainability (technology over planet approach). Therefore, individual countries and companies should take the course towards greening of their economies, but can choose different shades of green, depending upon the selected approach (StartupNation 2012). The issues of sustainable development are reflected not only in the mission statements of particular companies, but also in legal documents. Furthermore, there is a direct relationship between social and environmental responsibility taken by modern companies and their local benefits (The World Bank 2008). The companies complying with the requirements of green economies can be awarded with the right for lower taxation or other economic benefits, whereas the companies violating the generally accepted norms can be fined. In addition, with the growing concerns over environmental issues and increased public consciousness, businesses that neglect the issues of sustainable development, undergo the risks of negative imaging and corresponding negative impact upon their profits. The sustainable development strategies, as an aspiration for modern companies, require greening the economy, but is an integral element of the company’s corporate effectiveness. Conclusion The concept of ‘sustainable development’ is placed at the intersection of environmental, social and economic dimensions. By balancing these three perspectives and developing an effective solution, satisfying the demands of all these three fields, the intergovernmental organizatios, governments and companies would be able to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The historical evolution of the concept of sustainable development and the international attention to the environmental issues and greening of economies clearly demosntrate the significance of these issues. Though there is a wide range of theories taking different positions concerning the potential impacts of unsustainable development, all of them are unanimous as to the importance of securing the future and businesses’ active involvement into these strategies (The Scottish Government 2006). The consideration of environmental concerns and social responsibility should become the corner stone of corresponding legal documents and companies’ mission statements. On one hand, companies should consider sustainable development as an important principle, affecting their image and customers’ attitudes. Due to the intense competition in the market, modern consumers can use the principels of sustainability as a criterion for selecting the brands and service providers. On the other hand, the inclusion or neglect of the environmental issues into the companies’ mission and strategies can have positive or negative implications respectively, because the governments enacted laws, regulating the companies’ compliance with the norms of sustainable development (The World Bank 2008). Thus, sustainable development strategies have become mandatory for the companies’ economic success and can become a win-win situation for businesses, society and environment. References DEFRA 2011, A very brief history of sustainable development , Sustainable Development In Government. Web. The Scottish Government 2006, Sustainable development: A review of international literature . Web. StartupNation 2012, Learn what it means to be a green business. Web. The World Bank 2008, Environmental sustainability: An evaluation of World Bank Group Support , IEG World Bank, IFC, MICA, Washington, D.C. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Two Advertisements for Medical Personnel Essay An advertisement is any written, spoken media strategy used for marketing a good, goods, vacant post or availability of human labor. It can include a person, people or a company marketing itself, its good, goods or both. The internet is the most common and comparatively cheaper form of marketing besides its appeal to a larger population and flexibility. Advertisements demand particular attention since they need to communicate the information clearly, attractively and effectively. Job advertisements are designed and meant to attract the attention of the potential candidates for a given job. In consideration of the two advertisements for medical personnel, I find the two adverts standard and exemplary representative of the ideal job advertisement. (Lin, Y. 2004). The two advertisements have attractively and effectively used bold, legible and precise title which attracts the attention of the readers instantly. This is a great selling point of any advertisement because it is the first thing a reader reaches attracts the readers interest and to proceed to the content of the advertisement. The advertisement has used good selection of key words in the title and the body for effective communication and precision to the point in relaying the objective of the advert. (CollegeRecruiter.com 2007) The advert is equally indicated the target audience and ensured it avoids ambiguity and excessive and meaningless use of words. A standard advertisement contains the following features: The title, location, date, location, objective, requirements, contacts and even scales of payment which the two advertisements contained. The advertisements writing are clear and good font is used to catch the attention of the readers. The advertisements have provided detailed information on the main body and it ensures that the readers get full information including: objective, location,dates,target group, advertisement, ideal characteristics and key competencies and requirements of the position, contacts and the responsibilities that go with the position at stake. (Management Tools and Tips (2006) The advertisement is very polite, salutative and sincere and uses the design principles including unity, contrast, hierarchy, dominace, scale and abstraction. The advertisement also shows the willingness of the employer to help in the processing of any documents that may be required for the job. The advertisement has also used a key marketing tool, the internet which is comparatively cheap and reaches many people over s short period of time and could be printed in case one needs a hard copy. These two advertisements followed a number of guidelines for effective advertisement. They also used two different designs in the presentation of the advertisement. (Hastings, R. R. 2006). The advertisements indicate the employer’s appreciation for the readers attempt at reading and showing interest in the job which really is encouraging to a reader and makes one feel a sense of commitment and respect on the part of the employer. The advertisement has kept the advertising code of ethics by not using any offensive and suggestive literature on its marketing and has strived to provide enough information for the consumers. They are original, impactful and effective and avoided the increasing noise in multi-media advertisements for web advertisement. (Canadian Press, 2008) Even though the advertisement has tried to highlight key issues and content of advertisement, both however are misleading on key issues including salaries, benefits and living conditions of these jobs. This has continued to be a thorny issue in advertisement. (Health, U.K, 2000). However the advertisements were not perfect due to lack of space utility and color harmonization besides lack of imagery in the designs. (Alex White, 2003) References Canadian Press, 2008. Nurses to boycott “demeaning” Virgin Mobile ads. Web. CollegeRecruiter.com (2007). How to write effective job posting ads. Web. Hastings, R. R. 2006. Plan To Include Women, Minorities in Top Roles. HR Magazine 51 (10), 30. Health, U.K, 2000. Nursing advert “misleading” Web. Lin, Y. 2004. How to Hire Employees Effectively. Management Research News 27 (4/5), 108.4. Management Tools and Tips (2006). How to write a job advertisement. Web. Wagner, W. F. 2000. June. Web. White A, 2003. Design Function and Typography. Web. Sample Advertisements Wanted: A home nursing maid Ad ID: 96080290 Visits: 31 Location: Singapore Date Listed: 26/12/2008 Hi, I am looking for a nursing maid to take care of my granduncle who is 94 years old. We already have a maid, so that cooking and housekeeping is not expected from the new maid. Elder care experience is a must. Preferably with nursing background. Should be fluent in English. Required immediately. Salary: S$ 350 – S$ 400 Per month. Please contact: Jyothi – 98605317 Nurses Immigration and Free Placements Employment | health / medicine | oferta | empresa | Friday, 21 November 2008 Hello Great news for Nurses who want to work in Canada…………… We introduced a new program called ‘Canada Registered Nurse Placement (CRNP) Program’ for overseas nurses who’re dreaming to work in beautiful Canada All you need to have • 3 years Nursing Diploma or a Nursing Degree • Minimum one year of Nursing Experience We will assist you to pursue great career opportunity and work in prestigious Hospitals of Canada……. So let’s not waste any time, please visit our website at www.Nurses2Canada.net or email us at [email protected] Or call us 001 613 800 0471 Many Thanks www.Nurses2Canada.net Posted by: victor Zone: CANADA
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Medically Assisted Suicide Problem Essay Table of Contents 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Reasons why I agree with Susan Wolf 4. Reasons for disagreeing with Wolf 5. Conclusion 6. References Abstract This study examines the concept of assisted suicide. Precisely, it will look at whether medically assisted suicide is permissible and when an individual can be denied an opportunity to seek medically assisted suicide. The arguments in this study are drawn from the writings of Susan Wolf on the death of her father. The study, also discussed the extent to which agree and disagree with the ideas of Wolf. Introduction Assisted suicide refers to actions undertaken by one individual to assist another voluntarily end his or her own life. Assistance is offered by providing the person with the means to end life. These means may include drugs, equipment, or other actions that aid in ending life. Assisted suicide differs from euthanasia that is an act of people ending their own lives without assistance from others (Mosser, 2010). According to Susan Wolf (2008), her father’s death made her rethink her writings against the legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. Wolf did a writing entitled’ end-of-life care’ that her father challenged and his views on medically assisted suicide are worthy support. In my opinion, every person has a right to make choices on what should be done with their own lives provided they do not cause any harm to other members of the society. Therefore, seeking assistance to end one’s life is a right of free choice and individuals should not be opposed if they wish to terminate their lives. Most sick persons wish to die dignified deaths but their illnesses may have incapacitated them to such an extent that they lack the strength to kill themselves. When such persons ask for assistance to end their lives, their wishes should be respected since dying is a choice they have made under no one’s influence or coercion (Weir, 1997). Human beings have a responsibility to relieve the suffering of those who are in pain. There are too many people in hospitals facing painful conditions and terminal illnesses that make them permanently unable to function like other human beings. These people undergo suffering, their lives are degraded and most of them are economically unproductive and a burden to their families and the entire society. Since these sick people were once productive, illnesses make them experience feelings of low esteem and they may opt for death. In situations when these people beg for help that would end their indignity and the pain they are going through, it is recommendable that physicians assist them (Weir, 1997). Human beings have the right to self-determination and they should be allowed to exercise what they view as best for them; people should be permitted to make decisions that affect their own lives. As a result, when people want to commit suicide or to be assisted to die, they should not be interfered with; instead should be facilitated to do so. There are a variety of choices that one can make in life death being one of them, and as such one’s will to die should not be opposed (Mosser, 2010). The capacities of individuals facing medical conditions such as mental illness cannot be easily restored. Such kinds of patients are normally stigmatized by the society, have miserable lives due to neglect by their family members. When such patients approach medical practitioners seeking assistance to end their lives, they should be facilitated to die. Reasons why I agree with Susan Wolf To an extent, I agree with Wolf’s ideas opposing the act of assisted suicide because of the following reasons: The society has an obligation and duty to preserve life and therefore individuals should not be allowed to commit suicide as they wish because it is morally wrong to encourage suicide. If laws are passed permitting assisted suicide, relatives of sick individuals may even urge them to seek suicide to end the suffering and pain (Weir, 1997). Sanctioning suicide is a violation of other people’s rights. If suicide is permitted, doctors and other medical practitioners may even cooperate in the murder of a patient who is not willing to die. It is not just for individuals to go against some convictions as a way of satisfying desires of patients who are willing to die (Wolf, 2008). Reasons for disagreeing with Wolf Medically assisted suicide should be encouraged because it results from the free will of suffering individuals without them being compelled to commit suicide. There is an agreement between the patients and the medical practitioners who facilitate this suicide, therefore assisted suicide should not be viewed as an immoral act for the reason that the sick individuals are not coerced to do so but they confront physicians to assist them. Conclusion The above study has summarized medically assisted suicide pointing out the arguments for and against the practice. Assisted suicide could be beneficial as it relieves the pain of the suffering individual. On the other hand, it is morally incorrect to assist other people end their lives. References Mosser, K. (2010). A Concise Introduction to Philosophy . San Diego: Bridgepoint Education Wolf, S. M. (2008). Confronting Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: My Father’s Death. Minnesota: The Hastings Center Report. Weir, R.F. (1997). Physician assisted suicide . Washington: Indiana University press.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
White Collar Deviance Essay White-collar deviance entails all unethical practices including legally delineated crimes that high-ranking workers commit in their work. Many people mistake white-collar deviance for white-collar crime; however, white-collar deviance encompasses more factors than white-collar crime. In addition, white-collar deviance covers deviances in government, corporate world, and private industry as well. The measurable constructs of deviance include moral, physical, and financial harms that the elite class might cause in the course of their duty. Nevertheless, it is important to note that, white-collar deviance covers all white-collar workers, even though the attention mostly centers on the elites in society. The fact that the elite in any society own and control the most resources underscores the reason why people perceive white-collar deviance as a deviance by the elites. As aforementioned, the white-collar deviance usually gives the impression of the elite and this highlights the relationship between white-collar deviance and social class. Well, even though white-collar deviance does not explicitly refer to deviance amongst the elites in the society, there is a strong positive correlation between white-collar deviance and social class. The underprivileged people in any society lack a feasible means to improve their living standards and thus they stand less exposed to practices that can lead to white-collar deviance. On the other hand, the elites are influential and they can influence decision making at all levels as opposed to the underprivileged that have little or no influence in decision-making. Given the fact that the elite own power, they are likely to make decisions that would favor their well-being, even if it means deviating from the norms. The effects of such made decisions remain felt across the society thus linking the high social class with white-collar deviance. In most cases, the elites involved in white-collar deviance work in the government or have strong links with those in the government thus government has been implicated in white-collar deviance cases for a long time. After committing white-collar deviances, influential government officials are known to interfere with law enforcement to protect their interests or those of their close allies. Government officials in this context represent government, for without people there can never be government. Despite the continued claims that judiciary is an autonomous body that carries the mandate to prosecute law-breakers independently, influential government officials still influence judicial processes in some ways. Such interference of judicial processes is a white-collar deviance in itself. Elites in the government are foxy and even if they do not alter judicial processes, they can influence the interpretation of law to suit their personal interests. From another perspective, governments can formulate and implement regulations that do not allow fair and free business practices. Regrettably, even when some policies, implemented by senior government officials fail to bear fruits or lead to disaster, the government tolerates these officials. The case of Brooksley Born, the former Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) chairperson, shows how government can tolerate white-collar deviance. In 1998, Brooksley sought to regulate Over-the-Counter (OTC) derivatives in the financial market only to face stiff opposition from Alan Greenspan, Lawrence Summers and Robert Rubin, the then Federal Reserve chair, and Treasury Secretaries respectively. Even after the economy plunged into crisis from early 2007 due to failure to implement Born’s provisions among other reasons, no legal action has been taken towards Greenspan and his colleagues. This phenomenon illustrates white-collar deviance at its best.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Local Council and the Lack of Primary Schools Essay Dear Sirs, The problem of the lack of primary schools in the area has recently become a point of wide discussion. Students have problems with getting to school and have to get up much earlier in order not to be late for the classes. This issue raises some problems with children’s inability to get to school, their becoming unsociable, and their parents’ subjecting them to homeschooling being the most critical ones. First of all, children who live far from school have to take a school bus to get to school. This often causes resent among the parents for some children who have been enrolled in primary schools are no more than five years old. Most parents do not allow children of this age to even walk the streets by themselves, let alone sending them to school on a bus. Parents usually try to make sure that their children boarded the bus when they send them to school, but not all of them have a possibility to pick them up after the classes. Older children usually get to the bus station by themselves; this sometimes may result in their “missing the bus and having to get to school some other way,” (Katz & Chard, 2000, p. 70) which is rather dangerous. This is not the only problem caused by the lack of primary schools in the area. Another problem is that children who live far from school often become unsociable. They are deprived of almost all the possibilities which other students have. They cannot go home on a luncheon break because they will not be able to come back in time. In addition, they rarely take part in extracurricular activities which usually take place after the classes. If they stay at school after the classes, they may miss the last bus and they have no time for going home and then returning to school for extracurricular activities later. Children who live far from school suffer from a lack of communication with their classmates or, as it is often called, “socializing during leisure time” (Dennis, 2004, p. 33). This may result in the child’s isolation from the rest of the class and, with time, his/her isolation even from the society, because “lack of communication may inhibit social play and lead to isolation from others” (Friedman, 1998, p. 416). Thus, the insufficient number of primary schools is not only a matter of parents’ fear for their children, but a matter of social development as well. Finally, lack of primary schools in the area more and more often leads to the parents’ refusing to send their children to school and giving preference to homeschooling. Those parents who are too much concerned with their children’s safety choose homeschooling as an alternative method of giving education to their kids. The number of students who are taught at school keeps increasing since 1999. The survey conducted by the National Household Education Surveys Program in 2003 has revealed that “the number of students being homeschooled in the United States in the spring of 2003 was 1,096,000, a figure which represents a 29 percent increase from the estimated 850,000 students who were being homeschooled in the spring of 1999” (Lawrence, 2007, p. 2). Perhaps, the fact that there are not enough primary schools in the area cannot be regarded as a reason for such an increase, but there is no doubt that at least several percent of these students are being homeschooled because their schools are too far from their home. Of course, homeschooling has certain advantages and even may result in better academic performance, but it is not fair to deprive a child of socializing with peers only because there is no primary school in the neighborhood. Therefore, lack of primary schools in the area causes discomfort for children and their parents. Young students risk missing the bus and being late for classes, they do not take part in extracurricular activities or communicate with their peers often, and some of them have to study at home because of the parents’ unwillingness to let them visit the school which is far from home. The number of primary schools in the area can and should be increased for only then such children will be able to receive appropriate education and socialize with their peers. Reference List 1. Dennis, J.G. (2004). Homeschooling High School: Planning Ahead for College Admission. Seattle: YWAM Publishing. 2. Friedman, H.S. (1998). The Encyclopedia of Mental Health . New York: Academic Press. 3. Katz, L. & Chard, C. (2000). Engaging children’s minds: the project approach . Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group. 4. Lawrence, F.M. (2007). Home Schooling: Status and Bibliography . New York: Nova Publishers.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Customer Interview and Closing Techniques Essay What I learned From the interview, I learned that a good last impression is significant. The end of an interview provides the buyer with a sticking image on the company. In essence, it helps the buyer in making rational decisions on whether to purchase the product or not. Therefore, it becomes the last chance to influence the buyer’s perception. I can also use an excellent closure to cover up for mistakes made at the beginning of the interview. A strong closing statement also gives one a chance to show professionalism and poise. It is a way I can use to reiterate my interest in the company as a salesman. It is essential, not just to ask common questions but useful questions to increase sales. I spent much time answering the question which did not allocate me enough time to discover my prospect. To press individual emotional hot buttons of a consumer, some questions need to take centre stage. This can later result in a sale. Since many people want to be heard and understood, I learned that it is essential to focus on their problem and my prospects through questions. It is also vital to find as much information as possible about a consumer’s problem. It easy to miss a fundamental trick while promoting a product. As a representative of the company, I could not convince a prospective customer that we are the best choice against other competition. It is essential, therefore, to create a unique outlook to beat the competition. Because there are lots of companies with the same products, there is a need to convince them that we are the best. I realized from the interview that some people will always want to know our unique selling propositions. How I can improve The secret to the successful closing technique in an interview is planning. It involves more preparations before the interview. I learned that as the interview draws near to the end, it is important to interject a closing statement. I noted that I also have to fight the challenge of sticking the right balance without sounding forced and carefully matching my closing words or even my behaviour to the position I hold. If I have to improve on this, then I have to express confidence without showing any aggressive behaviour; both at the beginning and during the last moment. I hardly ask questions because I lay more emphasis on selling and not helping the buyer. Asking questions at the right time and about the right product will be part of my routine. My prospects are not the answers to my problems, so I will not push them lest they resist. I will instead leave it to the buyer to think about the consequences of not buying my product by generating an open-ended question related to that—more of ‘what if’ questions can also help me improve on this incompetence. When it comes to the uniqueness of my company, it depends on what customers perceive to be unique. Enough market research will help me identify factors about my company that meet their needs and solve their challenges. I represent my company, and wherever I go to sell or promote our products, competitors must get to know why it is us that sell more and not them. My plan also involves practising the use of words such as better, more reliable and faster to create a more compelling angle.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Hemispheric Connections and Split-Brain Research Essay Hemispheric Connections The major band fibers connecting the left and the right hemisphere of the brain The human brain is made up of the right and left hemispheres that are connected by a network of nerve axons called the corpus callosum. The function of this band of fibers The corpus callosum helps to assimilate the sensory, motor, and cognitive messages between the two corresponding regions in the two cerebral hemispheres. It, therefore, aids in communication between the two parts of the brain, enabling them to complement each other in function. Crossover patterns of connection between hemispheres and body parts Touch In the Medulla of the brain, the nerve fibers arising from the two cerebral hemispheres intersect making the right hemisphere control the left half of the body and vice versa. Thus, a touch felt on the left hand is registered in the right hemisphere. Hearing The auditory nerves pick the sound waves that enter the right ear and transmits the sensory impulse to both cerebral hemispheres that integrate the information enabling one to detect the various aspects of sound such as direction, magnitude, and pitch. Even though both hemispheres receive the sensory impulse, the left hemisphere receives much of the primary information from the right ear, i.e., the primary auditory information is sent to the brain in a contralateral fashion just like messages from the rest of the body. Vision The rods and cones in the retina process the light entering the left eye. The sensory signal is then channeled through the optic nerve to the visual cortex in both the right and left cerebral hemispheres where it is processed further. The optic nerve from each eye branches and sends primary information to both hemispheres. The visual pathway differs from that of the ear or touch because it does not follow the contralateral pattern. In the visual pathway, both eyes can detect half of the information in any given field of view, i.e. both the left and right field of view. The sensory information from the right field of view combines and proceed to the left hemisphere while that from the left field of view proceed to the right hemisphere. Split-Brain Research The part of the brain surgically cut in split-brain patients Split brain refers to a brain condition where the corpus callosum has been severed. The reason for this surgery Surgical removal of whole or a part of the corpus callosum is done to reduce seizures in epileptic patients. The case of a blindfolded split-brain patient and a fork In a patient with the split brain, each cerebral hemisphere can learn, but it is independent of the other, i.e., one hemisphere does not experience what the other experiences or learns. Each cerebral hemisphere can sense touch. The left cerebral cortex receives information from the right side of the body. Since centers of verbal ability are located in the same hemisphere, the patient can tell the item he or she is holding. When a fork is placed in the left hand of a blindfolded, split brain patient, he or she can sense it. The right cerebral cortex receives information from the left side of the body. However, the center for speech is located in the left hemisphere. Thus, even though the patient can detect what has been placed in his or her hand, he or she cannot verbally say what it is. However, the patient can draw, point or pick objects similar to it. The case of a blindfolded normal patient and a fork A person with an intact brain has the corpus callosum functioning as a communication bridge between the right and the left cerebral hemisphere. When blindfolded, he or she would not find any difficulty in identifying and verbally telling any object placed in either of his or her hands. Language abilities of the hemispheres in split-brain patients Nerve signals from the right part of the body are processed in the left cerebral cortex while those of the left hand are processed in the right cerebral cortex. A split-brain patient can name and describe an unseen object in the right hand, but not objects on the left hand. This observation strongly suggests that the speech area of the brain is located in the left cerebral cortex. However, the right cerebral cortex is also able to understand the language, but in a nonverbal mode. The case of a split-brain patient and a painting of a face made out of fruits The ability to recognize faces resides in the right hemisphere while the ability to analyze details are in the left hemisphere. Thus, when a painting of a face made out of fruits is shown to a patient in his left field of view, sensory messages are sent to the right hemisphere, enabling the patient to identify non-verbally the painting as a face. On the contrary, if the same painting is shown to the split brain patient in his right visual field, he says that he saw a painting of fruits. The patient sees the fruits and not the face. Conclusion The findings indicate that the right hemisphere plays a role in nonverbal communication such as gesturing and pointing while the left hemisphere is concerned with speech. The right hemisphere is also concerned with spatial tasks, conveyance of emotions and recognition of faces while the left hemisphere focuses on the elements of the face such as mood and the expression on the face. The left hemisphere has the ability to reason, the power to invent, and the ability to interpret the world around it. It also functions as a center for math and scientific skills.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Sirius XM Acquires Pandora Essay The concept of economies of scope is based on the premise that a collective production of goods that use the same raw materials or constituents decreases the average total cost of production. According to Towse (2018), a business can benefit from the opportunity of cost advantages when a range of products are produced at the same time. Organizations often focus on their core competencies to maximize production. It is worth noting that any inaccuracy in the process of aligning production with specialization in economies of scale approach can result in tremendous losses. On the other hand, the economy of scale is achieved when a company purchases raw materials in bulk to manufacture the same product. Given this discussion, this essay examines the business concept used in the acquisition of Pandora by Sirius XM. In 2019, Sirius XM Holdings, an online channel for streaming music, completed an acquisition of Pandora Media for $3.5 billion in a move that was believed to leverage economies of scale, giving rise to numerous synergies. The merger gave rise to the world’s largest audio entertainment company (Aswad, 2019). Today, the company has more than 36 million subscribers only in North America, and over 23 million users are already enrolled in Sirius’s annual subscription plan. Active users on Pandora radio have exceeded 70 million, and 6 million subscribers have already paid for the entertainment service. Within the context of this merger, the companies benefitted from offering similar services; hence, pulling together enabled them to integrate technology and offer a large number of tracks to music lovers (Aswad, 2019). The scenario satisfied an economy of scale as opposed to scope since the merger was focused on the streaming of music from diverse artists and genres. However, the combination of two companies in the same line of entertainment business resulted in a large volume of music tracks and types, boosting the number of subscribers. References Aswad, J. (2019). Sirius XM completes acquisition of Pandora . Variety. Web. Towse, R. (2020). Dealing with digital: the economic organization of streamed music. Media, Culture & Society.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
“Death of a Salesman” a Book by Arthur Miller Report (Assessment) Death of a Salesman revolves around the life of Willy Loman, who lives with his wife and two sons, and works as a salesman (Miller 2). His career has been very successful, and he is one of the trusted salesmen in his company. The play starts with a tired Loman heading home from a business trip. He informs his wife that he has returned home earlier than expected as he had canceled his trip. He offers no reason as to why he canceled the trip. Loman is disappointed to still find his son, Biff, at home. He had many expectations for Biff, who, however, failed mathematics in high school and, in turn, missed placement in college. Loman believes that Biff has wasted time and money, and is throwing his life away. He dreams that Biff becomes a successful salesman like himself. Biff, on the other hand, has an unclear hatred towards his father. Loman challenges him in front of his brother, Happy, accusing Biff of being lazy. To defend himself, Biff lies to his father that he has a potential business meeting the very next day. As they are talking, Loman drifts off daydreaming. His sons believe that he must be losing his mind. The next day, Loman and Biff both leave home at the same time. Loman heads to his workplace while Biff goes to a former employer to look for work. Loman ends up getting fired from his job as a salesman as his bosses believe he can no longer represent the company well (Miller 72). He is informed that he is not focused and has become very indecisive, characteristics that have affected his ability to sell any product from the company. Loman is disillusioned. He always thought he would be the best salesman of all time, but his dream was shattered when he got fired. At the same time, his son fails to secure a business loan and partner. Loman decides to visit his neighbor, Charlie, who helps him get life insurance. Loman openly admits that being dead is worth more than being alive. Charlie is shocked by the revelation but does not inquire further. As he speaks with Charlie, he realizes that it is his past mistakes that encouraged Biff to become a failure. Charlie reminds him that Biff found him having sex with his assistant back when Biff was in high school. Loman had lied to his family that he would be away for a business meeting. The trauma made Biff hate his father. He did not want to turn into his father, so, he failed in high school so that he could not go to college and be a salesman like his father. In the evening, Loman, Biff and Happy meet for dinner, where an argument between Biff and Loman ensues (BookCaps Study Guides Staff 1). Biff and Happy leave Loman and return home with two girls. At home, their mother is angry that they left their father alone. When Loman arrives, he and Biff decide to talk things through. By the end of the talk, Loman believes that Biff has forgiven him. He feels terrible that he ruined his son’s life and made the decision to kill himself, and direct his life insurance money to Biff. The last scene of the play is Loman’s funeral. He committed suicide, and the life insurance money was given to Biff. Works Cited BookCaps Study Guides Staff. Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman . BookCaps, 2011. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman . Dramatists Play Service, 1980.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Argentina’s Geographical Information Report Argentina is the second largest country in South America. It has a total area of 2.8 million square Kilometers. This country is the eighth largest in the world. Its climate is varied and is mainly temperate with the extremes ranging from sub-Atlantic in the south to subtropical in the far north. The major cities in the country include Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, La Plata, and Mar del Plata among others. Buenos Aires is the capital city of the country and has a population of 3 million people. It covers an area of 203 square kilometers. Córdoba is the capital city of the province of Córdoba and has a population of about 1.3 million people. Moreover, La Plata is the capital city of the province of Buenos Aires and has a population of about six hundred thousand people. Mar del Plata is located in the province of Buenos Aires and has a population of about six hundred thousand people (Argentina.gov, 2011). Argentina has a total population of 41.77 million people. Those aged between 15 to 64 years form 63.6 % of the total population. Those aged between 0 and 14 years form 25.4 percent and those above 65 form 11 percent of the total population. The birth rate is 17.54 births/1000 population, basing on the 2011 estimates. The death rate is 7.38 deaths/1000 population. The urban population is 92 percent of the total population, basing on the 2010 estimates. The rate of urbanization is 1.1 percent annual rate of change. The sex ratio of the total population is 0.97 males/female (U.S Department of State, 2011).The annual population growth rate is 1.01 percent. The ethnic groups mainly consist of the Europeans mostly of the Italian and Spanish origin, forming 97 percent. The other 3 percent of the population consists of such groups as Amerindian, Mestizo and other non-whites. The languages spoken in Argentina include; Spanish, Italian, English, German, and French. Looking at the level of literacy in the country, the people who are15 years and above are able to read and write. Considering religions in the country, the Roman Catholic form 92 percent of the population, the Protestants form 2 percent, the Jewish form 2 percent, and the rest form 4 percent (Indexmundi.com, 2011). Considering the economy, Argentina benefits from its rich natural resources, a population having high literacy levels, the globally competitive agricultural sector, and the industrial base which is diversified (U.S Department of State, 2011). The measures that were taken following the 2001 – 2002 crisis to have; a more “flexible exchange rate regime” together with a sustained regional and global growth, an increase in domestic aggregate demand through the monetary policy as well as the income distribution and fiscal policies, and favorable world commodity price and the trends in the interest rates, were driving factors in promoting 5 consecutive years of higher than eight percent annual gross domestic product between the years 2003 and 2007. The recovery made it possible for the government to build up substantial official reserves of more than fifty one million U.S dollars as at the end of 2010 (Travel Documents Systems, 2011). A combination of reserves and the absence of new borrowing from the wolrd capital markets assisted in insulating the economy from the external shocks. A bigger tax burden as well as improved tax collection efforts, and the great impact of the recovery on the income supported by the successful efforts of the government to ensure there is maintaining of the basic fiscal impulses beginning from the year 2003. The constitution was made in 1853 and was revised in the year 1994. The constitution “mandates a separation of power into executive, legislative, and judicial branches at the national and provincial level” (U.S Department of State, 2011, para 18). Every individual province has as well put in place its own constitution, roughly imitating the structure of the national one. There is direct electing of the vice president and the president to a term of four years. The two are limited to a maximum of two terms and they are given permission by the constitution to run for the third term or even more after an interval of a minimum of a single term. The cabinet ministers are appointed by the president. There are two major oldest political parties in Argentina; the Justiciliast Party and the Union Civica Radical (Radical Civic Union). The Justiciliast Party was founded in the year 1945 by Juan Domingo Peron and the Radical Civic Union was founded in 1891. Fresh political forces and alliances tend to come up in the course of each and every election cycle. Some examples in the recent times can be given of the Civic Coalition and the Republican Proposal parties. These two parties concentrate in the urban areas and they work to set up national party structures. The Republican Proposal Party is based majorly in the city of Buenos Aires. The party leader emerged as a winner in the mayoral election in this city that were held in 2007 and he also won most votes in the first round election which was conducted in this year (2011). References Argentina.gov, 2011. Major cities . Web. Indexmundi.com, 2011. Argentina religions . Web. Travel Documents Systems., 2011. Argentina: Economy . Web. U.S Department of State., 2011. Background Note: Argentina . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Weaknesses The weaknesses of the considered restaurant business are that the food proposed to customers is fast food, which means that it has certain negative associations related to it, such as that it is bad for health. Also, despite being a strong international brand (“Welcome to Tacobell.com!”), Taco Bell will be less known in Taiwan than its competitors which have already entered the local market (such as McDonald’s). Opportunities The fact that the Taiwanese are generally busy people who often eat out, using fast-food restaurants such as Taco Bell for this purpose, might be an invaluable opportunity for the given business. Also, the restaurant can focus on the peculiarities of the local culture, providing the clients with dishes from the local cuisine, and can also launch healthy food campaigns. Threats One of the main threats includes the presence of strong competitors such as McDonald’s, which also provide similar products at prices that are affordable for the local population. (However, this threat can be addressed if the locations of restaurants are chosen appropriately.) PESTLE Political On the whole, Taiwan has a favorable political climate. It is stated that previously, the state was governed by the Nationalist Party, but the power was given to the Democratic Progressive Party in 1986 in a peaceful manner (Central Intelligence Agency). However, there are ongoing political issues with China, including the question of Taiwan’s sovereignty, as well as with several other countries (Central Intelligence Agency), which might pose a threat to the business. Economic It is stressed that Taiwan features a dynamically growing economy of the capitalist type and that the state tends to practice the policy of deregulation, which offers an opportunity (Central Intelligence Agency). Noteworthy, youth unemployment (Central Intelligence Agency) might allow for finding workers easily. Social People of Taiwan are known to be generally busy, which means that they require places where they can buy food while working or during their lunch breaks. The local culture is open to accepting such foods as the ones proposed by Taco Bell. Technological The country is widely known as one of the Four Asian Tigers for its rather high rates of economic and technological development (Central Intelligence Agency). It has strong communications, including telephone and the Internet, which provides the technological conditions that are needed for the successful entry of Taco Bell into the local market and its promotion. Legal The country is run by a government that is democratic; the president is elected (Chan). Currently, there exists a tendency towards increased market deregulation (Central Intelligence Agency). Also, there exist several free trade agreements with other countries. Therefore, it might be possible to state that the legal atmosphere for opening a business in Taiwan is favorable in general. Environmental There are several environmental threats such as the hazards of earthquakes or typhoons (Central Intelligence Agency), which might be harmful to business. Also, there exists the problem of contamination of the supplies of drinking waters (Central Intelligence Agency), which might also create an additional challenge for Taco Bell. Works Cited Central Intelligence Agency. “The World Factbook. East & Southeast Asia: Taiwan.” Central Intelligence Agency . 2017, Web. Chan, Mignonne Man-Jung. “Taiwan in the Global Economic Landscape.” Brookings . 2012, Web. Welcome to Tacobell.com! Taco Bell, 2017, Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Key Facts That Unlock the Mystery 2. Into the Eye of the Conflict: The Source 3. Mending the Broken Things 4. Reference List Because of the complicity of the relationship between people, conflict is not always considered to have the negative influence. In some occasions, Hocker and Wilmot (1991) say, conflicts can provide positive effect. However, they mark that such result is possible only in case the conflict is conducted in a civilized manner and in case the participants are willing to find the solution of the problem wholeheartedly. The Key Facts That Unlock the Mystery Looking at the case study in question, one can see clearly from the very beginning that the conflict situation is not quite complicated. Because of the fact that the roles which the participants play have been “rehearsed” not once, it goes so smoothly and ends up with no positive result. Mainly because of the situation prevalence in most families where the mother has to raise a boy on her own, this case seems so simple and entangled at the same time. The main participants of the sandal, the mother Maria and her son Lenny seem to have got quite used to quarrels under various pretexts. As for this time, it is Lenny’s late arrival that troubles his mother. It must be admitted though that Mark must feel quite uneasy as well, feeling that he is caught “between the devil and the deep blue sea” – unwilling to conflict, he still feels that his inaction is an abuse to his authority, which makes him interfere and suggest his way of handling the situation. Into the Eye of the Conflict: The Source Because of the fact that the situation is quite a stereotype, it can be suggested that the source of the conflict is more than skin deep. It is obvious from the very first time that the boy causes the mother to start conflicting because of his late arrival; it is doubtful though that if he came home before the curfew, the mother did not start the dispute. Thus, it can be considered that the first and the foremost source of the conflict is the boy’s mother who is trying to control her grown-up son instead of compromising. As a cyclic phenomenon (Meggs 2007), it might take threatening shapes in future. As Hocker and Wilmot say, “conflict styles cluster similarly to conflict tactics – into three types (1) avoidance, (2) competitive (distributive) and (3) collaborative (integrative)” (p. 119) It is absolutely clear that the mother chooses the aggressive style because of its relative ease and because of the habit to follow this very conflict style. Another source of the complicated situation is the boy himself. Lenny wants neither to solve the situation, nor to make the conflict subside; instead, he is trying to escape the conflict, avoiding it. Like many teens, he experiences “painful conflicts” (Wandberg 2005, 7). The final link in the conflict chain is Mike who is interfering into the family business, which is a crime in every child’s eyes. Thus, it can be considered that the mother follow the aggressive style of conflicting, Lenny has stuck to the avoidance style, while Mike is trying to adhere to the collaborative manner of conflict-solving, nut he lacks the experience to mend the relationship between the mother and her son. Mending the Broken Things It is quite understandable that the stranger living under the same roof with Lenny only makes the situation more entangled, mainly because Lenny must be rather unwilling to loose his face in the stranger’s eyes. The boy must be also ashamed of the fact that his mother patronizes him in such a way in front of an adult who is to become Lenny’s stepfather. Thus, one of the probable solutions is that Maria and Lenny could talk to each other openly and explain to each other what makes them act in the way they do. What they all need now is flexibility and compromise. Reference List Wilmot, W.W., Hocker, J. et al (2010) Interpersonal Conflict. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Meggs, G. (2007) Family Conflict: Its Forms, Causes, Cycles, Consequences and Solutions. Bloomington, IA: Trafford Publishing Wandberg, R. (2005) Conflict Resolution: Communication, Cooperation, Compromise. North Mankato. MN: Capstone Press.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Enhancing Public Health Care in Nigeria Essay Nigeria is a developing country that has a number of problems where health care is not the last one. Here is an agenda for enhancing public health care in Nigeria from the most important issues which should be considered immediately to the last important, but which should also be considered in the nearest time. 1. HIV/AIDS. This is one of the main problems in Nigeria as the testing programs are not spread and many people even do not know that they have problems. Only 11.7 % of the population received the results of their tests. Sex education is not developed (20% of schools provide this information). The problem of condoms exists, 5.9 condoms per man per year was delivered to the country from 2001 up to 2005 (World population data sheet, 2009; HIV and AIDS in Nigeria, 2009). 2. Immunization from measles, polio, diphtheria, or tetanus (at least). Only about 20% of children are vaccinated. The absence of appropriate vaccines and the staff for providing vaccinations is a problem (Paulson, 2001). 3. Poor health care delivery (nefarious activities of quacks and fake drugs). About 20% of the drugs in Nigeria are adulterated. This leads to inappropriate health care delivery and the inability to provide necessary treatment. Moreover, “many health technicians, radiographers, nurses, laboratory scientists, and doctors are operating ‘hospitals’ where unwholesome healthcare are given to unsuspected patients” (Akinwumi, 2010, par. 6). 4. Water supply. The inability to get water good for drinking creates additional waterborne diseases, like river blindness (onchocerciasis), snail fever (schistosomiasis), elephantiasis (lymphatic filariasis), etc. The absence of appropriate water supply systems makes people drink water from rivers. Problems connected with failure to follow hygiene norms also influence health (Paulson, 2001). 5. Appropriate education. Absence of the obligatory education in Nigeria leads to human ignorance in many questions including health care. According to the Population Reference Bureau (2009), only 32% of youth are enrolled in secondary education. 6. Maternal and child health. Bad services and health care connected with maternal and child health are supported by the fact that half of the Nigerian girls are married up to 15 and four of five are married up to 18. Ignorance and inability to deal with children because of young age make the problem urgent (HIV and AIDS in Nigeria, 2009; World population data sheet, 2009). 7. Statistics and surveillance system. Many problems are invisible as the country does not have a surveillance system that may record the problems, the number of people involved, and the actions which have been provided to conquer those problems (Paulson, 2001). 8. Funding and financing. Being a developing country, Nigeria’s government cannot finance health care appropriately. Present international funding and financial support from charity organizations are not enough (Akinwumi, 2010). 9. Non-government organizations. Some non-government organizations try to deal with some problems, but the number of those organizations and the number of health problems is incommensurable. Lack of governmental support and assistance increases the time for problem-solving (Paulson, 2001). 10. The attraction of doctors and building health care departments. Lack of doctors and buildings for delivering health care is the problem that also needs solving. For example, there are only nine resident neurosurgeons in the country, while in GB this number never reduces up to 20. The lack of simple therapists is also a problem for the country (Akinwumi, 2010). Reference List Akinwumi, F. (2010). Nigeria: Challenges facing Nigerian health system. All Africa . Web. HIV and AIDS in Nigeria. (2009). Avert . Web. Paulson, T. (2001). A breakdown of our primary health care system. Dispensing Hope . Web. World population data sheet. (2009). Population Reference Bureau. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Caused by classical conditioning, these habitual actions, or reflexes, can be either simple or complex, yet they all have one thing in common – they were acquired at some point of a person’s life. Also known as responded conditioning, or Pavlov’s theory, classical conditioning can be defined as a conditioned response to a conditioned stimulus (Basford & Slevin, 2003, 560). The principle of conditioned theory mechanism seems to have become a common knowledge. According to Basford and Stein’s interpretation, classical conditioning is developed in a person or an animal when a neutral stimulus “is paired or occurs contingently with the unconditioned stimulus on a number of occasions” (Basford & Slevin, 2003, 560), which leads to the neutral stimulus producing “the same response as the unconditioned stimulus” (Basford & Slevin, 2003, 560). As it has been stressed above, Pavlov is immediately associated with the term of classical conditioning. In his experiments, he offered his experimental dogs food, which served as an unconditioned stimulus, causing them to respond in reflex salivation. Simultaneously with the unconditioned stimuli, a neutral stimulus (a bell ringing) was also used. After the experiment had been reiterated several times, a neutral stimulus turned into a conditioned stimulus – the dogs started salivating at the sound of the bell as well (Basford & Slevin, 2003, 560). Thereforethe theory of classical conditioning clarifies the nature and development of conditioned, or trained reflexes and behaviors. Scenario Number One: Proving the Classical Conditioning Theory Classical conditioning works in a very efficient way, since it affects people and animals on the subconscious level. Perhaps, one of the most powerful tools for changing one’s behavioral pattern, it might be considered somewhat unfair when tested on people, which is why it seems much less controversial to try the effects of classical conditioning on animals. People say that of all animals, cats are the least trainable. However, being animals, just like dogs an people, cats are also subject to the effects of training (Johnson-Bennett, 2007). In the given experiment, the myth concerning cats being completely untrainable will be finally busted. Experiment description A four-year-old Maine Coon cat is going to be the object of the experiment. The subject of the experiment will concern teaching a cat to “handshake,” i.e., raise its foreleg and allow the trained to hold and slightly shake it. The experiment is going to be carried out in the following manner: Step 1. The cat is being shown a snack (e.g., a piece of Kibble). Step 2. As the cat sits, the trained slightly touches the cat’s chin holing his/her hand palm up. Step 3. The cat raises the paw to stop the trainer. Steps 4 and 5. The trainer shakes the cat’s paw lightly and gives the cat a snack. Step 6. The trainer pets the cat and praises it. The steps 1–6 must be repeated at least twenty times (i.e., the process of training will take at least a week) until the cat learns the routine subconsciously and the classical conditioning is finally formed. In the end of training, as soon as the trainer stretches his/her hand with a palm up, the cat will raise the paw to get the snack, since a handshake will be associated with a snack immediately. Technically, the given experiment is rather complicated to carry out, given the “cat nature” (Johnson-Bennett, 2007), which is why a Maine Coon breed was chosen as the type of cats who are the easiest to train. Scenario Discussion and a Chart: How the Classical Conditioning Theory Is Going to Work Since the given experiment presupposes that there are several unconditional stimuli that lead to respective unconditional responses, the chart is going to be different from the traditional one, yet it is going to follow the same pattern. As the given diagram shows, the basic elements of the classical theory of conditioning are in their places. To start with, there is the neutral stimulus, which is going to become a conditioned stimulus at the end of the experiment. The two unconditioned stimuli (lifting the hand up to the cat’s chin and showing a snack at the same time) predetermine the logical uncontrolled responses (i.e., lifting the paw and wanting the snack). As soon as the trainer shakes the cat’s paw and the cat gets the snack, the procedure is over. As soon as the procedure is carried out repeatedly, classical conditioning is formed: if the trained stretches out his/her hand with a palm up, the cat lifts its paw thinking that it will trigger getting the snack. It can be assumed that in two to three weeks, the cat will acquire a conditioned habit. Reference List Basford, L. & Slevin, O. (2003). Theory and practice of nursing: An integrated approach to caring practice . Chettenham, UK: Nelson Thornes. Johnson-Bennett, P. (2007). Starting from scratch: How to correct behavior problems in your adult cat . London, UK: Penguin.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The COVID-19 Bill Proposal by President Biden Essay Fighting COVID-19 has become one of Joe Biden’s top priorities since taking office as president. The memorandum, signed in the winter of 2021, was initiated by the presidential administration to determine 100% responsibility of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for the costs aimed at combating the pandemic (The White House, 2021). FEMA is not part of the executive branch, and orders from the president reflecting work priorities are binding on that body (FEMA, 2021). Therefore, the signed memorandum obliged FEMA to follow the terms of this document. At the same time, since FEMA is not a non-profit organization and is included in the list of national agencies, its revenues are completely dependent on the federal budget. In this regard, the conditions of the previous presidential administration, which assumed the imposition of a quarter of the total costs on administrative units (states), were objective and reasonable. A relevant bill could be ratified so that the costs of fighting the pandemic could be shared between the states and the federal government. This will reduce the financial burden on FEMA and help keep a portion of the treasury while maintaining a course to counter the consequences of COVID-19. The decision to ratify such a bill will be considered at the Congress level. As the standing committees to introduce the bill to, the budget committees of the House and the Senate will be involved (Congress.gov., n.d.). This bill is likely to go through each chamber as its passage requires the approval of various authorities and includes an assessment of budgetary funds at several levels, including both state and federal governments. In such conditions, this is impossible to coordinate activities within one chamber, and the bill has to be considered in Congress to propose a corresponding initiative to the presidential administration. The likelihood of the bill being vetoed would exist if it were passed. Failure to pass the law by any of the standing committees would mean the need to create a special commission and prepare the bill to report directly to the president. However, decisions of this level require coordination with national agencies since, in addition to FEMA, other parts of the Department of Homeland Security might be opposed to such an initiative. Moreover, an appeal to the Supreme Court is mandatory, which also does not guarantee a positive outcome. As the factors determining whether the Supreme Court is acting with restraint or not, one can examine the legal background of a particular decision, as well as cite precedents from judicial practice. According to Millhiser (2021), the Supreme Court can challenge any president’s decision since federal judges are not accountable to the electorate and are guided solely by legislative factors when making a decision. In other words, if the memorandum contradicts constitutional norms and the Supreme Court takes this into account, this is an indicator of restraint. However, the precedents in judicial practice show that the highest judicial board is unlikely to challenge the president’s decision, which, as Millhiser (2021), met in practice and was based on a conservative decision-making principle. Severe restrictions on the activities of federal agencies took place in national legislative practice. In addition, Biden’s memorandum is based on the principle of reducing the burden on state governments to strengthen preventive security measures locally. Therefore, there are factors that would lead the Supreme Court to be unlikely to take a challenge to the presidential decision. References Congress.gov. (n.d.). Committees of the U.S. Congress . Web. FEMA. (2021). Biden-Harris administration: First 100 days . Web. Millhiser, I. (2021). The Supreme Court’s coming war with Joe Biden, explained . Vox. Web. The White House. (2021). Memorandum on maximizing assistance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Operation Geronimo and Presidential Authority Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Supporting arguments 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction On April 29, 2011, the then US commander in chief, President Obama, authorized an operation that ultimately led to the killing of the most wanted man on the CIA watch list, Osama bin Laden. Reports indicate that President Obama had been consulting with the National Security Council for months on the probability of Osama bin Laden being within the suspected hideout and the possibility of authorizing a mission to capture or kill him. Finally, President Obama gave the orders and Osama bin Laden was killed in a military exercise dubbed Operation Geronimo, thus ending a decade-long search mission to capture the head of the Al Qaeda group. The killing of Osama bin Laden was a reprieve to the millions of Americans and the international community especially after the events of September 11, 2001 when thousands lost their lives in the infamous Twin-towers’ bomb attack by the Al Qaeda. Nevertheless, questions abound on the legality of President Obama’s approval of Operation Geronimo. This paper holds that President Obama had the legal authority to order Operation Geronimo and to execute the plan. Supporting arguments In a bid to understand the legality of President Obama in authorizing Operation Geronimo, one needs to interrogate the decision using both the US domestic and international laws. The agnosticism surrounding the legality of authorizing Operation Geronimo hinges on President Reagan’s Executive Order 12333, which states, “No person employed by or acting on behalf of the United States Government shall engage in, or conspire to engage in, assassination” (Hodgin, 2014, p. 5). However, this order does not define assassination contextually (Wachtel, 2015) and thus the Operation cannot be termed as illegal based on this understanding. In addition, after the 9/11 bombings, the Congress passed the Authorization for Use of Military Force resolution. The resolution allows the US commander in chief “to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons” (Hodgin, 2014, p. 6). Therefore, under this resolution, President Obama was within the confines of the US domestic laws to authorize the operation that killed Osama bin Laden, who was actively involved in the planning and execution of 9/11 terrorist attacks. However, even with the legality of such authorization, questions abound on how the execution of the operation observed laws of armed conflict, viz. “military necessity, proportionality, and distinction/discrimination” (Solis, 2016, p. 268). Military necessity was qualified in this case as Bin Laden had attacked the US and he was a threat to international peace by propagating terrorism. Likewise, the force that was used after entering Bin Laden’s house was proportional to the threat that he posed to the elite squad for he allegedly reached for his firearm to retaliate. Finally, the discrimination requirement was fulfilled as the people who died in the ensuing confrontation were collateral damage but not targets of the assault. As mentioned earlier, the authorization had to be in line with international laws. Under the international law rules of jus ad bellum, “State can justify an international use of force if the force was either used in self-defense following an armed attack or expressly permitted by the United Nations (UN) Security Council” (Hodgin, 2014, p. 6). In this case, the US was clearly a victim of Bin Laden’s armed attack of 9/11 and capturing him was a way of self-defense. On the other side, the rules of jus in bello set “the parameters on the allowable scope and nature of that force” (Hodgin, 2014, p. 6). Therefore, the US had the legal basis to enter Pakistan and execute its mission within the confines of international law. There have been allegations that the US violated the Pakistani sovereignty by raiding Bin Laden’s hideout without the involvement of the local authorities (Pezzi, 2011). The UN Charter emphasizes respect for territorial sovereignty, which should be respected by all nations (Wallace, 2012). However, Article 51 of the same UN Charter creates a legal leeway for the US to pursue its aggressors as a way of self-defense even to the extent of breaching territorial sovereignty of other countries (Hodgin, 2014). Therefore, President Obama acted within international law by authorizing Operation Geronimo. Conclusion Osama Bin Laden orchestrated the 9/11 terrorist attacks, which changed the way the US defends itself against such hostilities. After the attacks, the Congress authorized the then US President to pursue the perpetrators of the terrorist attacks inside and outside the country. Therefore, after President Obama received intelligence reports that Bin Laden’s hideout had been identified, he had the legal obligation and power to authorize a military attack. Later on, questions were raised on the legality of such authorization based on domestic and international laws. More questions emerged about the way the mission was executed and whether laws of armed conflict were observed. However, this paper has answered these questions to uphold the argument that President Obama had the legal authority to order Operation Geronimo and to execute the plan. References Hodgin, S. (2014). Killing Osama Bin Laden: Legal and necessary. Widener Law Review, 20 (1), 1- 26. Pezzi, S. (2011). The legality of killing Osama bin Laden. National Security Journal. Web. Solis, G. (2016). The law of armed conflict: International humanitarian law in war (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Wallace, D. (2012). Operation Neptune’s Spear: The lawful killing of Osama Bin Laden. Israel Law Review, 45 (2), 367-377. Wachtel, H. (2015). Targeting Osama bin Laden: Examining the legality of assassination as a tool of U.S. foreign policy. Duke Law Journal, 55 (677), 680-693.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Effect of Social Media on Saudi University Students Proposal Essay The current paper presents the proposal draft for the research of the effect of social media on Saudi university students’ attitudes towards English as a foreign language. As students of the intensive English learning course display various stages of schooling, dissimilar devotions of education, and diverse ranks of preceding preparation, the research should observe different aspects, which establish the consequence of these variables on scholar approach. It is widely debated that language education is observed as the foundation of the human way of life. Learning the language, even the foreign, provides a person with an opportunity to define their feelings, expectations, and imaginings. In the framework of learning a foreign language, numerous influences impact the learning course, for example, inspiration, attitudes, apprehension, education attainments, abilities, intellect, age, temperaments, etc. The material of beginner’s attitude is recognized as one of the most significant issues that have an effect on learning a foreign language. The research aims to respond to the following questions: 1. What are the attitudes of Saudi university students towards taking an English course in the framework of their social, mental and emotive features? 2. Is there any statistically substantial impact of the social media towards Saudi university students’ attitudes towards learning English language? 3. Is there any statistically substantial alteration in Saudi university students’ attitudes towards learning English language and the impact of the social media by the area of study? 4. Is there any statistically substantial alteration in Saudi university students’ attitudes towards learning English language and the impact of the social media by the period of education? In order to gather the essential information, a five-point Likert scope approach questionnaire and the interviews with the students of the university in Saudi Arabia will be applied. The scope approach elaborates thirty-two matters. ‘Language Attitude Scale’, which is a Likert sort measure of five points, is directed to every student to conclude whether there was any connection concerning their attitude and achievement and the impact of social media on the attitudes towards learning English. The group of participants will consist of 100 students, 52 individuals of which are (52%) men and 48 individuals (48%) women, unsystematically selected from diverse universities in the part of Saudi Arabia that is reachable according to my area of living. There are 32 scholars (32%) of the first year, 38 scholars (38%) in the second year, and the part of the third year scholars is 30 (30%). The chosen participants represented three different areas of schoolwork: Basic Sciences (BS), Life Sciences (LS), and Social Sciences (SS). There were 34 scholars of the Basic Sciences (34%), 34 scholars of the Life Sciences (34%), and 32 scholars of the Social Sciences (32%). As the majority of the universities in Saudi Arabia implement the separate education for males and females, diverse universities will be selected to characterize both sexes’ attitudes towards taking an English course and the social media effect on the attitudes of both genders. The design of this research is combined; it is qualitative and quantitative. To be more precise, the analysis is eloquent and inferential in addition. Therefore, a modified questionnaire will be implemented as an assessing instrument. The participants will be asked to provide the responses to every question of the survey in an honest manner, providing their own insights about their attitudes towards taking an English course as a foreign language in their universities in the framework of the demonstrative, intellectual and interactive features of attitude along with their demographic summary, for example, their sexual characteristics, period and area of education. The assessing instrument is represented by an attitude questionnaire that aims its attention on the attitudes towards taking the English course as a foreign language and the social media effect on it. In addition, the attitude questionnaire focuses on exploring the alterations in the applicants’ attitudes by their demographic facts. The questions are partially adjusted from the similar survey examination conducted in a research by Boonrangsri. Other questions were possessed from Attitude and Incentive Examination Battery planned by Gardner thirty years ago. Additionally, there will be several matters founded on the academics’ practices in schooling English as a foreign language. In general, there will be 40 questions regarding learning attitudes in the framework of demonstrative, intellectual and interactive features of mentality and the social media effect on the attitudes. The items will be conducted according to a five-point Likert scope measure from point 1: Intensely Disagree to point 5: Intensely Agree. The received material will be evaluated by the SPSS Program targeting to response to the investigation items quantitatively. In order to give a response to the first study inquiry, evocative indicators will be directed to define the occurrence, the mean, the alteration and the average aberration of the received material. Moreover, the liberated sample T-test will be directed to reply to the second study inquiry. Furthermore, the One-way ANOVA examination assessment will be the other kind of numerical investigation to inspect the third and fourth study inquiries. The study will examine the Saudi university students’ attitudes toward taking an English course as a foreign language and the impact of social media on it in relations to the interactive, cerebral, and demonstrative characteristics of attitude. Moreover, the study will discover whether there is some important alteration in the scholar attitudes toward the learning of the foreign language founded on their demographic summaries, such as sexual category, area, and period of studying.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Schizophrenia and Self-Management Programs Essay There is a range of theories related to particular measures that patients can take in order to improve their physical and mental condition without the help of those specializing in healthcare. The particular theory that needs to be paid in increased attention to was developed by Dorothea Orem who remains one of the most famous nursing theorists. Unlike other ones, the theory by Orem focuses on the lack of self-care in some patients; according to the theorist, it acts as one of the most important reasons why patients’ condition become worse despite successful nursing interventions (Shah, Abdullah, & Khan, 2015). In her theory, the author touches upon a few guiding propositions for specialists in nursing. To begin with, the latter are supposed to provide their patients with the access to knowledge about proper self-care related to different diseases (Alligood, 2013). What is more, nurses should help their patients to better understand their needs and activities helping to fulfil them. To do that, it can be necessary to provide patients with support and help them to perform essential tasks that can ameliorate their condition. Apart from that, specialists are supposed to help the patients to understand which things and skills they need to possess to conduct an effective self-care intervention. In reference to the proposed research project, it can be stated that these general rules proposed by Dorothea Oren in her theory can be applied in case with people suffering from schizophrenia as self-care interventions outlined by the author can be appropriate for those with mental illnesses as well (Ciftci, Yildirim, Altun, & Avsar, 2015). Moreover, it is extremely important to define whether self-care is effective in reducing readmissions. Methodology The proposed study is a quasi-experimental quantitative research that evaluates the effects of self-management programs on health condition of the patients with schizophrenia and possibility of their readmission. The given type of study has been chosen because it provides strong evidence and helps to avoid the use of unverified information (Yin, 2014). In order to collect the data for further analysis that will help to answer the defined research question (whether self-management programs help to reduce readmission in patients with schizophrenia), it will be necessary to conduct the study allowing the researchers to track changes in behavior and condition of patients caused by self-care programs. As for the place where the data will be collected, it may be important to form two groups of participants with the history of schizophrenia and conduct two independent experiments. For the first group (the one that will be strictly controlled to avoid false conclusions), it will be necessary to organize special unit in a hospital where the participants will be kept for a month (Barker & Milivojevich, 2016). The given unit will be equipped with everything that is necessary for successful self-care interventions. Apart from that, it may be necessary to introduce additional methods of control that would not involve violation of patients’ privacy but will allow to ensure that measures prescribed by nursing specialists are taken properly and on schedule (Brown et al., 2016). The second group will be given an advisory opinion of nursing specialists on proper self-care, they will be supposed to follow the recommendations without being controlled, and their mental condition and possible changes will be evaluated in the end of each week. To become a participant, one will have to be older than 21, have the previous experience of receiving treatment in the hospital, and have no additional life circumstances that could become the reason of deterioration of their mental condition. As for the way that the participants will be divided into two groups, the researchers will use randomized lottery. References Alligood, M. R. (2013). Nursing theory: Utilization & application . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences. Barker, T. B., & Milivojevich, A. (2016). Quality by experimental design . New York, NY: CRC Press. Brown, S. M., Aboumatar, H. J., Francis, L., Halamka, J., Rozenblum, R., Rubin, E.,… Frosch, D. L. (2016). Balancing digital information-sharing and patient privacy when engaging families in the intensive care unit. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association , 23 (5), 995-1000. Ciftci, B., Yildirim, N., Altun, Ö. Ş., & Avsar, G. (2015). What level of self-care agency in mental illness? The factors affecting self-care agency and self-care agency in patients with mental illness. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing , 29 (6), 372-376. Shah, M., Abdullah, A., & Khan, H. (2015). Compare and contrast of grand theories: Orem’s self-care deficit theory and Roy’s adaptation model. International Journal of Nursing , 5 (1), 39-42. Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods . New York, NY: Sage Publications.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Terroristic Threat in the Movie “Dirty War” Essay (Movie Review) This movie takes a different turn from the conventional movie plots. Most American movies plots culminate in “happy ending” in which the protagonists engage a number of witty moves and maneuvers to prevent some bad action from the villain(s) and consequently bring them into account. The plot in this movie details how an imminent terrorist attack is being responded to by the British government operatives. Cast on two fronts, Dirty War trails a team of terrorists who plan, ship, assemble and ultimately explode a bomb in the financial district of London (Percival). On the second front, the government authorities are planning on how to stop the impending attack. Several terrorist cells are operating in Britain. Following several years of planning an attack by Muslim extremists, it is ready to be executed. The British authorities namely the Scotland Yard race against time to foil the attack but they seem to have no idea of what the attack would be (Percival). This team comprise of the head of the anti terrorism unit who has been charged with protecting London from any attacks. In a strange twist, the team also consists of a woman, a Pakistani Muslim operating under the Scotland Yard and charged with investigating another Islamic terror cell. Alongside this team are the first responders namely the firemen and other emergency service personnel. Ironically as preparations by terrorists strike reach top notch, this team is conducting a routine drill to simulate how they would respond to an attack oblivious of the unfolding realities. The drill exposes serious flaws and shortcomings in their response system. The response team has inadequate training, equipment, manpower and lack proper coordination (Percival). Lastly, there is the political class of the authorities that invariantly keep on assuring the public that all is in place to combat any terrorist threat despite these obvious shortcomings. Meanwhile, unknown to the British authorities the terrorist cell operating in London has smuggled radioactive materials namely uranium in packages disguised as cooking oil. In addition, they have devised some means to explode it my making a dirty bomb from conventional explosives. As several of these dirty bombs are exploded in London’s subway entrances by the suicide bombers on one morning, the whole area goes chaotic (Percival). Scores of commuters are left dead, more are injured but even more dangerous is the radioactive plumes that have been dispatched to the environment, with a potential of killing and adversely affecting more people in the contaminated environment. The Scotland Yard is taken unawares. As they are joined by the police, the MI-5 and MI-6 to prevent further attacks and seize any more bombs and perpetrators, the firefighters are indulged in a risky search and rescue operation. Meanwhile, another team is working to neutralize the radioactively contaminated area before the menace takes its toll on any more victims. As the operation intensifies the joint Scotland Yard, MI-5 and MI-6 team manage to intercept several more bombs before being exploded as well as arrest several of the terrorists (Percival). As the authorities eventually take charge of the situation, the health care facilities find themselves in this lack of preparedness. They can hardly handle the huge number of casualties seeking treatment. As the plot takes us through various terrorists and suicide bombers and their cells, the director of the movie allows us to understand their personal lives. In the movie, we see the terrorists as real people who have their own families, extremely smart but consumed by loyalty to their cause. The terrorists are portrayed as realistic people with intend in causing destruction (Percival). This movie, unlike many others dwelling on Islamic terrorism takes the issue of terrorism very seriously. This depiction allows us to take terrorism as serious as we should. By allowing us to see the terrorists this way, a benefit many other filmmakers would not allow us, the movie evokes a great deal of empathy for the terrorists. Although this does not necessarily mean that we feel bad when they die for their actions, the scenes become scary when the villains are being punished. The movie largely avoids the circumstances that give rise to international terrorist cells and focus on the vulnerability of the homeland. Scarier is the inability of the Scotland Yard’s finest to crack the terrorist cell before the perpetration of the attacks. This focus also sends a message that, each city is prone to a terrorist attack and how difficult it is to stop an impeding attack. In this real world of terrorist threat, the plot shows how hard it would be to deal with a nuclear attack as well how difficult the job becomes for the relevant authorities. The last issue that probably emerges from watching this movie is the issue of preparedness. Could assurances by the political class on security of the citizen be trusted? Could any country or city claim to be prepared for any kind of terrorist attack and especially nuclear attack? How well is London prepared for the security of all the citizens from around the world participating or attending the London 2012 Olympics to be held in several months time? Works Cited Percival, Daniel. Dirty War . HBO Films, 2004. < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrDqG_ex2dQ&feature=channel >
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Childhood Sexual Abuse and False Memories Essay (Article) According to Pezdek, Blandon-Gitlin, and Gabbay (2006), imagination can induce false autobiographical memories. When plausible events are imagined, they elicit false memories which are not common in implausible events. They categorized childhood sexual abuse as being an implausible event questioning therapists’ claims of inducing false memories. The best measure for plausibility could be gotten after understanding Pezdek et al.’s design. Personal plausibility was the dependent variable in their study where the participants were to rate the likelihood that they personally experienced certain types of events at age 10. The independent variable was general plausibility to do with how common the events were in a general population of students from where the participants were drawn. The dependent variable was measured twice: before and after the imagination task. It was observed that the rating for personal plausibility increased with the imagination task. For the independent variable, the participants were asked to gauge the likelihood that a person with psychological disorder suffered childhood sexual abuse. This question was asked to the general population as opposed to asking an individual who would have personalized the question. Recovery from repression and traumatic events is common and a possibility if the studies have done is anything to go by. 495 participants who included 273 females were selected from Denmark. A telephone omnibus survey was used to collect data. A rating scale was used and there were no correct or incorrect answers. About 80% of the respondents felt that forgotten childhood sexual abuse was plausible or very plausible. The results indicate that a forgotten childhood sexual abuse have effects on current behavior. As such the general plausibility of this scenario is high going by Pezdek et al. (2006). The real picture is however not brought out as surveys underestimate prevalence. Actually, 90% of sexual abuse cases are never reported. This could portend severe emotional problems later in life. Therapists have tended to relate to the client’s problems with childhood sexual abuse. Clients are told that most of the problems they experience emanate from childhood sexual abuse. To conclude, Pezdek et al.’s (2006) results hold water and remain valid. The effort used in therapy is more intensive and prolonged. The study adds to the cumulating evidence that the risk of inducing false memories in psychotherapy is substantial. Works Cites Rubin, D. C., & Berntsen, D. (2007). People believe it is plausible to have forgotten memories of childhood sexual abuse. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(4), 776–778.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Analysis of Sampling Methods Essay In the study by Grantham et al. (2006), convenience or accidental sampling was used, and the most convenient people were selected as the study participants. Regardless of the convenience and frugality of this sampling method, it is necessary to consider its disadvantages, including the possible sample bias and the reduced representativeness of the population, for evaluating the appropriateness of this approach critically. The same method of convenience sampling was used in the second study by Maloney & Weiss (2008). Even though in the second study, the participants were selected from the original sample according to the definite criteria for inclusion or exclusion, the data was retrieved from only one clinical setting and, consequently, the principle of representativeness was understated, resulting in the increased risks of the sampling biases. The bias introduced by the method of convenience non-probability sampling, which was used in the study by Grantham et al. (2006) for evaluating the effectiveness of the self-medication programs, can result in sampling bias and the lack of representativeness in the achieved results, which would not allow making any generalized conclusions (Polit & Beck, 2004, p. 291). Regarding the convenience sampling method used in the study by Maloney & Weiss (2008), it can be stated that due to the study design, the elements did not have equal chances for being selected and the participants of the study were not able to represent all the characteristics of the population. Though retrieving the data from an entire population is impossible, careful sampling is required for achieving unbiased estimates (Yoon & Horne 2004). In that regard, it can be stated that the sampling methods used in the research under consideration were predetermined with the convenience consideration and could contain certain biased estimates. The eligibility criteria were not clearly defined in the two studies, and none of the approaches can be replicated. Taking into account that convenience sampling was used in these two types of research, it can be stated that the definition of the criteria was not detailed. Still, some of the criteria were disregarded, whereas some of the definitions were inappropriate. In the first study, all patients enrolled in the self-medication program and giving their consent to participate in the study were included in the sample. The exclusion of the patients who did not pass the cognitive assessment was not appropriate because these patients should have also been enrolled in the program, and the impact of the approach on their condition should be studied as well. Regarding the second study, the description of the criteria for inclusion was insufficient, whereas the gender and demographic background of the participants were not discussed, and the specific disease and received education on treatment were consciously disregarded. The sampling size of 220 patients for the study by Grantham et al. (2006) and 115 patients for the study by Maloney & Weiss (2008) was appropriate for achieving the specific research goals and avoiding data redundancy. Taking into account the scope of the research questions, it can be stated that it was not the size but the variation parameter of sampling which was the main drawback of the research design. The informed consent of the participants was obtained in the two studies for the purpose of ensuring their rights. Moreover, due to the ethical considerations, the design of the two studies did not presuppose the control groups, and the rights of the subjects were observed. In general, it can be concluded that the convenience sampling used in the studies conducted by Grantham et al. (2006) and Maloney & Weiss (2008) can result in biased estimates, whereas some of the criteria of inclusion and exclusion of the participants into the sample were not appropriate which can decrease the value of the achieved research results. Reference List Grantham, G., McMillan, V., Dunn, S. V., Gassner, L., & Woodcock, P. (2006). Patient self-medication — a change in hospital practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing , 15(8), 962-70. Maloney, L.R., & Weiss, M. E. (2008). Patients’ perceptions of hospital discharge informational content. Clinical Nursing Research , 17, 200 – 219. Polit, D. & Beck, C.T. (2004). Nursing research: Principles and methods. 7 th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Yoon, S. & Horne, C. (2004). Accruing the sample in survey research. Southern Onlne Journal of Nursing Research , 5 (2). Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
SEWA Knowledge Management Models Report Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main body 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction Implementation of KM practices aims to formation and proliferation of information both within and outside the organization. The current situation in the global economy and human resources emphasizes the significance of KM. The SEWA’s Knowledge Management is a strategic priority that makes it highly competitive in the global economy. The KM model includes both managing pieces of knowledge through technologies and efficient management of “intellectual capital”, which includes “human, structure and customer capital” (Al-Yahya & Farah, 2009). Main body The SEWA’s strategies are mainly based on the scientific approach and have a purpose to support environmental sustainability and to reduce waste. One of the best practices used by SEWA is the implementation of water resources regulations, which caused a reduced number of water shortages. Also, SEWA was one of the first organizations that arranged the systems for water shortage control and a greywater recycling system (Vadayar, 2015). When delivering the public speeches, the Chairman of SEWA, Dr. Rashid Al Leem, recognized multiple times that the primary goals of the organization are “the ultimately sustainable development, providing high-quality services at the latest international standards and global specifications” (“Sharjah: City of conservation,” 2015). One of the international benchmarks, which the organization strains after, is the UN Industrial Development Programme Organisation. The IDPO’s main principle is based on the maintenance of energy resources. As it can be observed, by following this principle SEWA sets its strategies on power conservation. The UAE leaders aim “to improve the use of smart services by adopting the latest technologies and strengthening relationships of cooperation between government and private organizations” (“Police learn IT management,” 2015). It can be observed in the example of Dubai Police strategies based on modernization, application of informational technologies and innovations that enable to provide high-quality service and efficiency. Following this tendency, SEWA also effectively adopts the newest technologies in its projects and provides e-services and mobile applications for the customers. The dissemination of information and the organization’s knowledge is a key to the success of the KM. The analysis of the SEWA’s activities makes it clear that the organization pays considerable attention to the experience exchange by cooperation with the foreign organizations. International cooperation allows modernization, and improvement of facilities according to international standards. SEWA contributes to the global informational development by sharing its knowledge in the field of renewable energy technologies (SEWA, 2015). It is possible to assume that the international dialogue accelerates the technological development that in its turn influences the strengthening of environmental sustainability. Conclusion Knowledge plays a crucial role in the increase of competitiveness and is a basis for the creation of value and resource welfare. The analysis of the SEWA KM strategies and models shows that the organization sticks to the international standards and ecological principles of resources maintenance. The application of modern technologies and the consideration of the world’s rapid change allow SEWA to take a leading position in the services provision and satisfaction of customer needs. References Al-Yahya, K., & Farah, S. (2009). Knowledge management in public sector: global and regional comparison . Web. Police learn IT management strategies from Dubai Electricity and Water Authority. (2015). Gulf News Journal . Web. (2015). SEWA partners with an American company to develop smart grid solutions and a vision for asset sustainability. Web. Sharjah: City of conservation. (2015). Emirates News Agency . Web. Vadayar, M. (2015). SEWA wins global award for water management. The Gulf Today . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Healthy Work Environment in Nursing Settings Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Communication and Recognition 3. Organizational Culture 4. References Introduction A healthy work environment is an important factor that can enhance employee motivation, productivity, and job satisfaction. Research also points out that the work environment influences turnover and retention, which are among the key issues in nursing practice (Ritter, 2011). According to Blake (2015), nurse leaders have a prominent role in creating and maintaining healthy work environments because the management might be oblivious to specific issues affecting the workforce. There are several critical components of a healthy work environment, and I believe that most of them are present in my practice setting. Communication and Recognition The first element of a healthy work environment is open communication between nurses and management. As noted by Shirey (2017), “the quality of relationships between managers and workers has been linked to employee- and unit-level outcomes,” and thus managers should strive to be engaged in communication (p. 48). In my practice, managers talk to nurses regularly and encourage them to share concerns and suggestions to improve work processes. Secondly, recognition schemes play a critical role in supporting a healthy work environment (Blake, 2015). Studies show that recognition enhances job satisfaction, thus contributing to employee outcomes (Feather, Ebright, & Bakas, 2015). In my workplace, leaders reward excellent performance by selecting the nurse of the month, which helps nurses to stay motivated. Organizational Culture Organizational culture also plays an essential role in supporting a healthy work environment (Shirey, 2017). In particular, a culture that emphasizes support and collaboration contributes to the work climate and enhances satisfaction (Blake, 2015; Shirey, 2017). Nurse leaders in my workplace support the culture of belonging, where each employee contributes to work processes and has the constant support of colleagues and managers. A culture of safety can also have a positive influence on work environments. Blake (2015) explains that a focus on safety helps managers to maintain adequate staffing levels, thus keeping the workload manageable for all nurses. In my workplace, managers focus on safety and monitor staffing regularly to prevent these issues. This means that the working conditions are humane and nurses can maintain a work-life balance required to avoid burnout and facilitate retention. All in all, I believe that my practice settings reflect the key components of a healthy work environment and that nurse leaders have played an essential part in achieving and maintaining this result. References Blake, N. (2015). The nurse leader’s role in supporting healthy work environments. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 26 (3), 201-203. Feather, R. A., Ebright, P., & Bakas, T. (2015). Nurse manager behaviors that RNs perceive to affect their job satisfaction. Nursing Forum, 50 (2), 125-136. Ritter, D. (2011). The relationship between healthy work environments and retention of nurses in a hospital setting. Journal of Nursing Management, 19 (1), 27-32. Shirey, M. R. (2017). Leadership practices for healthy work environments. Nursing Management, 48 (5), 42-50.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
It forms part of the “Bill of rights.” The Fifth Amendment comprises of many rights. Some of these include; the exclusion of double jeopardy and right to freedom unless the accused is charged by a panel of judges. Other provisions are the rights to due process and the right to avoid testifying against one’s self. Even though the Fifth and the Sixth amendment may seem similar in some features, they have differences when it comes to the rights of accused persons. While the Fifth Amendment applies to the rights of the accused to an attorney during interrogation, the Sixth Amendment is applicable after the indictment. The Fifth Amendment allows lawyers to help the accused person during custodial questioning by the law enforcement agents. Conversely, the Sixth Amendment warrants an officially charged perpetrator a right to an attorney that protects him or her from government attempts to intentionally draw from him convicting information about the accused subject. Both rights to an attorney may be put aside if the defendant is directed about and understands his or her rights in that case (Acker & Brody, 2013). The Sixth Amendment comprises of five values that influence the rights of a suspect in the process of prosecution. These include the right to prompt and open trial, the right to information about the charges, the right to allow witness participation in the due process, and the right to representation by a lawyer. Equally, the Fifth (through Miranda) and the Sixth Amendments give the rights to counsel to the respondent. However, the Fifth Amendment can be viewed as more expedient since it allows full participation of the defendant in the prosecution process. The fact that the defendant is given a right to an attorney during interrogation provides him or her with a better opportunity to present his or her case, protecting the defendant from the unfair ruling. According to White (2001), self-incrimination involves accusing oneself of an offense for which an individual can then be charged in court. An example of self-incrimination was illustrated in the case of “Miranda vs. Arizona” in 1996. In this case, Miranda was accused of kidnapping and rape. The police interrogated him for two hours after the arrest, which leads to a signed, transcribed confession. This was used against him in court, and he was charged for the offenses. The court ruling in the Miranda case was that, before police interrogation, the accused must be warned that they are entitled to remain silent, consult their lawyer, and any statement they make can be used against them in court. This decision protects the right of a suspect against self-incrimination. Presently, the Fifth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution protects citizens from self-incrimination. Without protection against self-incrimination, police officers can take advantage of the accused persons. They may force a suspect to confess simply to accelerate the investigations. The accused person may not be able to escape investigations and may be coerced into giving incorrect confessions. This can jeopardize the rights of citizens if the information they give is used against them in court when they did not commit those crimes. The Miranda decision improved the criminal justice system because it formed the basis for the Fifth Amendment. This protects the rights of citizens against self-incrimination. References Acker, R., & Brody, D. (2013). Criminal procedure: A contemporary perspective. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. White, S. (2001). Miranda’s waning protections: Police interrogation practices after Dickerson. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Loss Aversion and Seller Behavior in Housing Market Essay (Critical Writing) Genesove and Mayer (2001) based their research on the statement that the data from the 1990s demonstrated that seller behavior was majorly driven by the tendencies concerning the aversion of loss in the housing market. In particular, the authors used information from the housing market that showed three primary behavioral patterns of the condominium owners exposed to a possibility of nominal losses: a) 25 to 35% higher asking selling prices than the original purchase prices of housing; b) attaining the final selling process that are about 3 to 18% higher than the original purchase prices; and c) the lower likeliness of sale hazards compared to the other sellers (Genesove & Mayer, 2001). The authors made a connection between the behavior of the sellers at the real estate market and the intention to avert losses. Discussing the background of the theoretical basis for their research, the authors took into consideration such factors as the correlation between prices and the volume of sales and between the prices established by the sellers and time spent on the market (Genesove & Mayer, 2001). In addition, the researchers also mentioned that under the circumstances of a high likeliness of losses, the prices of the sellers tend to be less flexible than the offers of the buyers (Genesove & Mayer, 2001). In other words, the buyers are inclined to adjust to the elevated asking prices of housing. The authors relied on findings of the statistics of the Boston Condominium Price Index of the 1980s and the 1990s and revealed a cycle of falls and rises of the real estate prices that could be associated with the possibility of losses in the market (Genesove & Mayer, 2001). In that way, the initial section of the article is intended to explain the theoretical basis for the research, and the following parts of the article were designed to provide qualitative and quantitative grounds for the phenomenon under discussion. The quantitative data for this discussion was also taken from the City of Boston Assessor’s Office’s records of the 1990s. However, the authors’ attempt to predict that seller behaviors (especially those related to the establishment of the asking prices in the markets) is a definite strength of the article. Moreover, the authors provide a very thorough and detailed investigation of all the aspects with the inclusion of graphic materials for better comprehension. Speaking about the weaknesses of this research, it is important to point out the fact that the entire article is based on the findings made within just one industry – the real estate market. In that way, the focus of the research is quite narrow and specific; besides, the housing market is not a sufficient representation of the relationship between the loss probability and seller behaviors. This is the case because the real estate market has a very specific type of goods that can be referred to as luxury goods, and this status of the properties sold may produce a strong impact on the consumer and seller behaviors. Moreover, another critical factor in this particular example is the behavior of the real estate buyers that was reported to correlate with that of the sellers. It is possible that the connection works both ways and the sellers are influenced by the buyers’ decisions to purchase properties for the elevated prices. In addition, one more factor worth mentioning in the critique of this article is the character of the example used to study loss aversion and seller behavior. In particular, the evidence was taken from a very specific market, time period, and geographical area. In that way, the transferability of the evaluation presented in the article may be limited to just one specific phenomenon. Reference Genesove, D. & Mayer, C. (2001). Loss aversion and seller behavior: Evidence from the housing market. The Quarterly Journal of Economics , 1233-1260.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
George Hegel 2. Henri-Louis Bergeson 3. Alfred Whitehead 4. Works Cited George Hegel The philosopher became the first integral philosopher to revolutionize Western philosophy. He expanded the concept of reason and order in human history. However, his contradiction did not affect the revolution of integral philosophy. He revealed the significance of logical arguments that unfold history. As a result, he proposed the idealist system that contradicts factors of interaction. He developed an ideal system of dialectics and consciousness. However, he had many contradictions of philosophy. He rejected Kant’s views on timeliness and consciousness. He was the first to accept the dynamics of consciousness and knowledge. The philosopher believed that the human mind evolved through developmental stages of contradictions and consciousness. Thus, he became the first philosopher to accept the concept of the absolute spirit (McIntosh 156). His contribution to philosophy developed the dialectical concept of conflict, contradictions, and truth. Thus, he revolutionized the power of history. In summary, his integral philosophy revolutionized the mind, nature, subject, religion, object, and history. Henri-Louis Bergeson He was the first philosopher to interpret human evolution using a spiritual perspective. He was called a post-Darwinian philosopher because of his correlation with Darwin’s theories of species. However, he rejected the ideas of Spencer’s synthetic philosophy. The philosopher revolutionized the significance of intuition and analytical reasoning. He maintained that things do not just happen as conceived by many philosophers. Thus, his spiritual interpretation of human evolution was welcomed by many as a step towards freedom. His artistic and poetic style of expressing ideas influenced his contributions to the integral philosophy (McIntosh 159). As a result, he rejected the fallacy of metaphysics and dialectical evaluation. He became known as the father of process thinking because of his contributions to the integral philosophy. In summary, he believed that the mechanist concept of nature was not significant as intuition. He argued that things happen out of intuition and unmediated process. Alfred Whitehead He presented a spiritual view to human consciousness. The philosopher harmonized integral consciousness with spiritual philosophy. His contributions to the integral philosophy were accepted by many philosophers. Thus, he revealed the relationship between human science and spiritual interpretation. He suggested that the gap between science and spirituality can be closed by philosophy. As a result, we can harmonize science and religion using philosophical perspective. The philosopher was known as the father of process philosophy because he used the concept to explain the dogmas of science and religion. He argued that human evolution and consciousness could be interpreted with a spiritual perspective. Thus, his contributions to the integral philosophy referenced God as the promoter of peace. Events of experience and processes characterized his philosophical doctrine. In summary, his contribution of integral philosophy was influenced by his docile persuasion and relativity. Works Cited McIntosh, Steve. Integral Consciousness and the Future of Evolution , New York, USA: Paragon House, 2007. Print.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Green Supply Chain With ISO 14001 and 9001 in Australian Hospitals Proposal Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Field and Aims of Research 3. Significance of Research 4. Methodology and Research Techniques 5. Facilities and Equipment 6. Reference List Introduction Healthcare organizations in Australia and over the globe develop with a focus on social and environmental awareness. As a result, much attention is paid to developing effective supply chain management systems. In this context, green supply chain management is an environmentally friendly approach that consists of “green purchasing, green manufacturing/material management, green distribution/marketing and reverse logistic process” (Özkan, Akyürek & Toygar 2016, p. 289). Additional research on achieving green supply chains in Australian hospitals with the help of ISO 14001 and 9001 standards is required. Field and Aims of Research Supply chain management in Australian healthcare organizations is selected as an area for this research. Hospitals in Australia experience problems with implementing efficient supply chain strategies and current systems are characterized by complexity and high costs (Bhakoo, Singh & Sohal 2012). The development of green supply chain management based on ISO 14001 and 9001 standards can be viewed as an important step to support Australian hospitals. Thus, healthcare organizations can significantly benefit from applying green supply chain management because of reducing costs and environmental effects and achieving sustainability. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how green supply chain management grounded on applying ISO 14001 and 9001 standards can contribute to Australian hospitals’ sustainability while discussing the problem of scarcities, identifying factors that lead to developing an effective supply chain management system, and determining concrete procedures to follow, as well as challenges to resolve. The research questions formulated to address this aim are the following ones: 1. What is the significance of implementing green supply chain management in Australian hospitals? 2. What are the main benefits of implementing a green supply chain management system in Australian hospitals and challenges connected with this change? Significance of Research This research is significant because it will provide answers to the set questions and contribute to the discussion of possibilities for Australian hospitals to implement green supply chain management based on ISO 14001 and 9001 standards. Although this approach to environmental management is viewed as beneficial, there are still certain issues associated with the implementation of these standards and principles in healthcare organizations (Nolan 2016; Özkan, Akyürek & Toygar 2016). This research will demonstrate how hospitals in Australia can implement the change, achieve sustainability, reduce resources, decrease negative environmental effects, and progress with reference to this approach managing supply chains (Shen 2013; Toke, Gupta & Dandekar 2010). As a result, the study findings will be applicable to the context of those Australian healthcare organizations that plan to follow ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 requirements. Methodology and Research Techniques Mixed methods will be used for this project. The reason is that both qualitative and quantitative data should be collected to address the aim of the study and answer the research questions (Creswell 2013; Leech et al. 2010). Such quantitative method as surveys based on using questionnaires will be applied to conduct statistical analysis and conclude regarding changes in supply chain management systems presented in the form of numbers (Thonon et al. 2015). The qualitative methodology based on conducting interviews and coding data will allow for receiving information regarding employees’ perceptions of the green supply chain management implementation with the help of ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 standards. Facilities and Equipment The study will be conducted at one Australian hospital located in Melbourne. Corporate documents and reports will be used for collecting data, and 15 employees will be invited to participate in the study while following the purposeful sampling approach. This approach is important to involve those participants who can provide the most relevant information regarding the study’s problem. The numerical data will be collected with the help of a survey and associated questionnaires on aspects, benefits, and challenges of using different supply chain management systems, as well as ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 standards. The qualitative data will be collected with the help of protocols for structured interviews that include open-ended questions. Reference List Bhakoo, V, Singh, P & Sohal, 2012, ‘Collaborative management of inventory in Australian hospital supply chains: practices and issues’, Supply Chain Management an International Journal, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 217-230. Creswell, J 2013, Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA. Leech, NL, Dellinger, AB, Brannagan, KB & Tanaka, H 2010, ‘Evaluating mixed research studies: a mixed-methods approach, Journal of Mixed Methods Research , vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 17-31. Nolan, J 2016, ISO 14001 case study for hospitals: how to identify environmental aspects, weblog. Web. Özkan, O, Akyürek, ÇE & Toygar, ŞA 2016, ‘Green supply chain method in healthcare institutions’, in Ş Erçetin (ed.), Chaos, complexity and leadership 2014. Springer proceedings in complexity. Springer, Cham, pp. 285-293. Shen, ZJM 2013, ‘Green supply chain design and management, in F Chen, Y Liu & G Hua (eds), LTLGB 2012: proceedings of the international conference on low-carbon transportation and logistics, and green buildings , Springe, Beijing, pp. 5-7. Thonon, F, Boulkedid, R, Teixeira, M, Gottot, S, Saghatchian, M & Alberti, C 2015, ‘Identifying potential indicators to measure the outcome of translational cancer research: a mixed-methods approach, Health Research Policy and Systems , v. 13, pp. 13-72. Toke, LK, Gupta, RC & Dandekar, M 2010, Green supply chain management: critical research and practices. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
“The Five Dysfunctions of a Team” by Patrick Lencioni Essay (Book Review) Table of Contents 1. Overview 2. Purpose 3. Evaluation 4. Summary 5. Reference Overview Patrick Lencioni is a renowned American book writer. Most of his books are written on corporate management, predominantly regarding crew management. In the book “The Five Dysfunctions of a Team”, Lencioni discloses the basics of cooperation by using a management parable. He tells a story of a technology corporation that has trouble as it is unable to expand and find new clientele. The new business leader identifies that the company has pioneering products and great aptitude. Nevertheless, the managers are not working together as a squad, opposing the benefits of the corporation’s advanced products and brilliant employees. The team is stressed with their state of affairs and are incapable of coming to the arrangement on a decent solution to their difficulties. The team dynamic forces corroded into the situation where no one is accepting to be in charge, deadlines are being ignored, and morale is low. The managerial team is incapable of making imperative choices and, consequently, the company is trailing behind in the battle for the marketplace share. Purpose The purpose of this book is to prove wrong the managers that believe that everything they do is on point, and there is no place for failure, as one should always be aware of the risks that the company and the team would encounter on the tough road to success. Lencioni provides the reader with the information concerning the five basic dysfunctions that inevitably lead to misunderstanding and confusion within a great crew. He makes a statement that an example of intense teamwork is not a theoretical approach but a rather practical assessment of discipline and determination. The key point of the book is that we should constantly reevaluate the interpersonal relations within any team with the intention of finding the perfect team chemistry. Evaluation The author achieved his goals by developing a basic needs structure that reflected the elementary levels of employee-employee relations within a team. He also dwells on the indicators he believes may be the reason for methodical complications for the business. Lencioni states that the essential pillar that holds the team together is the trust as there is no true collaboration if the trust is missing (Lencioni, 2012). As a relevant source of evidence, the author uses the fact of the importance of balancing between the team integrity and the ability of an employee to compliment the team. Lencioni’s study finds evidence in quite a few limitations that can be found in the majority of current team management models (Lencioni, 2012). Lencioni offers numerous original ideas when it comes to acknowledging the imperfections of humanity as an instrument to overcome the complications and perfect the teamwork. In a work situation where crew members do not willingly express their ideas, mediocre decisions are regularly the consequence (Lencioni, 2012). In Lencioni’s opinion, it is every manager’s responsibility to evoke the want and need to hear what other say and be heard by the teammates. There is a point in this book concerning the work in teams that supposes that you need to realize that conflict is prolific, and that is not convincing at all. Every team member usually relies on his own experience and is an individual personality with their own values and beliefs. The problem, in this case, lies in the fact that the conflicting teammates might inadvertently cause damage to the business or the team itself. One thing that may be considered left out from Lencioni’s book is the profound explanation of how to stop people from avoiding answerability. In other words, Lencioni’s reasons are clear, but there is not enough enlightenment on the topic of how to manage irresponsible team members properly when they are, in fact, the key component of the crew. “The Five Dysfunctions of a Team” is useful because it exposes the reader to the realities of teamwork and explains the notions that might be useful even for those who are not bound to their nine-to-five jobs. The book dwells on the importance of understanding the key features that define a great team leader and carefully guides the reader through the conception of a great team member. When it comes to the personal life, I believe that this book is a nice assistant. The purpose of this book is, evidently, to teach people how to work and behave in any team. Undoubtedly, this is one of the most relevant skills in the modern society as even the society itself is one big team that requires proficient managers to stand at the helm. In relation to the working life, “The Five Dysfunctions of a Team” reveals the secrets behind interpersonal relationships. This book might be applicable on bigger or smaller scales for the reason that it provides excellent insight into the chemistry of a team that knows what it does and how it should be done. If we speak about the relationship between the culture and the book contents, the peculiar benefit of this book for the UAE is the universality of the managing methods designated in the book that would totally fit both the progressive and the more or less outdated management schemes that are currently used in the majority of the UAE companies. Summary The model delivered by the author is easy to understand. This book would be helpful to anyone, who leads a team. This book will help you recognize what are the main aspects of an effective team. I would rate “The Five Dysfunctions of a Team” 10 out of 10, and my recommendation for the would-be readers is to incorporate into practice the methods elaborated by Lencioni. Reference Lencioni, P. (2012). The Five Dysfunctions of a Team . Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Multicultural Education and E-Learning Research Paper Why multicultural education is needed for early childhood education in a developing society? I want to study this topic because of the increasing social diversity in schools today. I already know that prejudices and stereotypes form in early childhood and need to be addressed. I have observed some conflicts caused by the marginalization of non-Whites in educational institutions, yet I have never been in the middle of such conflicts, I try to this critically about such situations. The elimination of diversity issues will remove the obstacles to the academic performance of the diverse learners (Brown, F., Hunter, R., Donahoo, S., Russo, C., & Osborne, A. 2012). This topic is deep and contains many aspects, it is sufficient for dissertation research. How a virtual learning community can affect the improvement of students’ academic performance Technological progress has changed the learning process, this topic is rather new and needs to be explored. I have experience of participating in virtual learning; my knowledge is based on both theoretical and practical knowledge of this field. I am aware of the difficulties virtual learning carried and the challenges it contains for both learners and educators. Virtual learning is viewed as the future of education, its further development needs to be studied and projected in order to avoid possible negative influences. This topic is sufficient for the research, as there are many points of view in this field. How it is possible to use e-learning in early childhood education? The use of digital technologies is a necessary skill for the society of the future, knowing how to develop it without creating negative outcomes is crucial. I have read about useful e-learning techniques and teaching strategies during the course of my learning process. Even though I am interested in this subject, I do not have experience with e-learning which would bias my inquiry. The study of this topic will provide the field of education with more modern teaching techniques for younger schoolchildren. This topic is multi-layered and it is deep enough to support proper research. A variety of contributions provided by the interactive technologies for educating children and adolescents This topic should be studied because it reflects the needs of contemporary education. I know that interactive technologies are very attractive for children and adolescents; this is why their employment in the process of teaching could improve the motivation of the learners. I do not have personal experiences with this topic that would create a biased inquiry. Studying this subject to provide educators with a number of new and efficient tools to maintain children’s interest in learning. This topic is of sufficient interest to sustain a prolonger focus on the research. How multicultural education can address the issues of diversity and discrimination in the classroom? This topic is highly important for the contemporary educational system in America due to its cultural diversity. I know that issues caused by cultural diversity cause inconveniences for both educators and learners. I have witnessed examples of such issues before, yet I address this subject critically, which is hard because it is rather personal for everyone. “A major assumption of multicultural education is that addressing the cultural histories and conditions of different groups has a beneficial impact on students’ learning, identity, intergroup, and democratic understandings” (Martin 2014). This topic provides a large number of materials for the research. Reference List Brown, F., Hunter, R., Donahoo, S., Russo, C., & Osborne, A. (2012). Diversity in schools . New York, NY: SAGE Publications, Inc. Martin, D. (2014). Good education for all? Student race and identity development in the multicultural classroom. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 39 (1), 110-123.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Growth of Men in Nursing Report Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Men in Nursing 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction Nursing as a profession has undergone significant changes over the centuries. While initially, the job was mostly employing the male population, currently the majority of nurses are female. However, in several areas the number of men has been increasing within the past years, indicating a specific trend. Due to the fact that the industry is experiencing a high demand for nursing professionals, understanding the factors that contribute to the decision-making process of male professionals is crucial. This paper aims to analyze the growth of men in nursing and reasons that facilitate the element. Men in Nursing The United States Census Bureau (2018) presents information regarding male citizens that work in nursing. The majority are engaged in the areas of emergency and critical care due to the specific nature of the work in these departments. Stanley et al. (2016) state that mental health nursing professionals are typically male. The authors state that the reason for choosing these areas is the need to apply specific technology, which serves as a career motivator. Additionally, the majority of healthcare professionals in the military are men. Overall, approximately 174,528 men were working in nursing and other health support occupations in 2016 (United States Census Bureau, 2018). It should be noted, however, that the majority of employees in this area are female. The reasoning behind choosing nursing as a profession for men can have several implications. Firstly, similarly to female nurses, the choice of occupation may be facilitated by a desire to help people by providing them with care. For instance, Kluczyńska (2016) states that the majority of male nurses believe that it is their vocation. Due to the fact that society’s perception and opinion regarding the occupation have changed over the years, it can be hypothesized that male nurses experience less tension when choosing the profession. However, Stanley et al. (2016) state that men prefer less intimate areas of work due to female-related stereotypes connected to particular fields. Therefore, they choose to work in the areas of emergency and critical care, which imply less contact with patients. This provides an understanding that further transformation of the nursing image will enable man to become registered nurses and work without having fears regarding social standards. Secondly, personal reasons and motivation factors should be considered when evaluating the increase of male professionals in particular areas. According to Stanley et al. (2016), income security and other benefits are among the reasons why men choose nursing. However, the reason for selecting the areas identified above is a high technicality of processes. Stanley et al. (2016) state that “technology-rich areas have been found to be an ideal career motivator for men” (p. 1156). This factor motivates male nurses to work in mental health. Finally, external factors, such as previous occupations and support from family members have a significant role in men’s choice to become a nurse. Stanley et al. (2016) state that encounters with nurses motivated men to begin studying to work in the field. For instance, many individuals that took part in the author’s research were affected by military healthcare professionals and chose a similar area of interest. The previous experiences together with family support can enhance men’s desire to help patients in particular fields of nursing. Conclusion Overall, areas of mental health, critical care, and emergency department have experienced an increase in the number of male nurses. The reasoning for choosing these areas consists of several factors including societal perception of the profession, benefits, components of personal motivation, technicality, and previous encounters with registered nurses that work in a similar field. This presents an understanding of the elements that affect men’s career choices within healthcare. References Kluczyńska, U. (2016). Motives for choosing and resigning from nursing by men and the definition of masculinity: A qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73 (6), 1366-1376. Web. Stanley, D., Beament, T., Falconer, D., Haigh, M., Saunders, R., Stanley, … Nielson, S. (2016). The male of the species: A profile of men in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72 (5), 1155-1168. Web. United States Census Bureau. (2018). Certified Nurses Day . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Marketing, Its Importance and Potential Career Essay Marketing is one of the core departments of an organization. In effect, this department acts as the eye and the voice of a company. Marketing communicates to potential and existing consumers about company products and undertakes the research to ascertain consumer needs. The department also handles issues that concern product research, personal selling, supply chain management, advertising, and promotions. Fundamentally, the marketing department has a major influence on other departments of an organization. The departments like human resources, finance, and procurement have to rely on information obtained from research undertaken by the marketing team. The research to ascertain consumer needs helps the human resources department to know what are the right people to recruit and the skills required. Consequently, the finance department gets insights concerning the budget required in the training and manufacturing of products that match consumer’s expectations. It is within this backdrop that the essay examines the importance of marketing and marketers in an organization. Fundamentally, business professionals play an important role in marketing an organization. Some of the most important roles that the marketers undertake include research, product promotion, advertising, and management of the supply chain. Furthermore, the marketers undertake activities that comprise extensive research on consumer needs, promotion of the company’s products, and awareness creation in the quest to increase the organization’s market share. According to Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel (2009), marketing experts can increase sales, augment consumer base, and boost the overall reputation of an organization. Therefore, by undertaking activities, which concern research, product promotion, and consumer survey, the impact of the professionals in a particular organization is considerable. Without marketing, a company may not survive. Failure to survive in the absence of marketing can be explained by the fact that the company will not have the chance to progress. Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel (2009) assert that since marketing is a tool used by an organization to communicate to existing and potential consumers, a company that does not market its products quickly exits the market. This happens because the company faces decreased sales and losses. It is important to explain that when an organization undertakes marketing, existing and potential consumers acquire more information about its products, and thus, become persuaded to purchase them. The aftermath of increased awareness is a rise in sales volumes, amplified market share, and improved consumer base. Without marketing, consumers get inadequate information about the given company and its products, and as such, the sales of the subject company eventually diminish (Lamb, Hair, & McDaniel, 2009). The future of marketing will be characterized by the use of digital platforms. The projected increase in the use of digital platforms in marketing can be explained by the rising number of clients, who use online websites. Therefore, it is expected that future marketers will utilize the platforms to reach out to prospective clients, who have flooded the online sites. With the knowledge acquired from the study, I will consider a career in the field of marketing. After studying and understanding the importance of a marketing department and marketing experts in an organization, I need to take up a career in this field. The roles of marketing professionals in an organization are very inspiring and energizing. Therefore, I like the concept of marketing and would prefer an occupation in the same field. The main types of industries that I would work with and deliver the best include service providers such as hospitality facilities. Working in these facilities will keep me engaged at all times and give me the chance to interact and persuade clients to consume the services that they deliver. Reference Lamb, C., Hair, J., & McDaniel, C. (2009). Essentials of Marketing . Ohio: South Western.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Particle physicists are not sure whether LHC will challenge or add to the standard model used to study particle physics presently. Moreover, LHC might explain the some controversial macrocosmic issues like dark matter in the universe. Moreover, the Higgs hypothesis of massive W and Z bosons appearing the same way as massless photons might also get answer. Nevertheless, these postulations are surrounded by numerous questions, ambiguity, and assumptions and this is what John Ellis tackles in his paper Beyond the Standard Model with the LHC. To date, physicists have only managed to define matter using the standard model of particle analysis, which raises many questions but answers few about pertinent issues like mass differences between matter and antimatter among other cosmological issues. LHC is expected to offer answers to some of these questions; however, physicists agree that for theoretical calculations at lower-energy accelerators to yield meaningful results that agree with the standard model, there has to be an unknown ingredient that is yet to be observed – the Higgs boson. Therefore, the greatest question here is, can physicists find the Higgs boson? The chances of finding the Higgs boson particle are high. This elementary cum composite particle is thought to have mass of 114 GeV. In the standard model, symmetry is already broken into vacuum, the lowest energy state. Physicists argue that just the same way a quantum particle associates with electromagnetic field, a photon in this vacuum has a particle that associates with it (the Higgs boson) whereby the photon gives masses to others and remain massless itself. If the postulated weight of this Higgs boson is 114 GeV, then the LHC will establish it provided its weight be below 200 GeV. Nevertheless, there raises the question of whether, the Higgs boson particle is elementary or composite. This leads to the hierarchy problem in which some physicists believe there is other physics beyond the standard model. The answer to this question seems to favour a composite Higgs boson. Two arguments support this postulation viz. the supersymmetric solution and possibility of extra dimensions. In supersymmetric postulation, fermions like leptons and quacks pair up to form ordinary matter with bosons like W and Z or gluons, which carry forces between the matter particles that could be the Higgs boson thus making it a composite particle. On the other side, the possibility of extra dimensions of space not the conventional three dimensions is high. There is a probability that there are other small dimensions, which are curled up but too minute to be seen. Nevertheless, the LHC is expected to be able to detect the extra dimensions where the Higgs boson is thought move in space. The final question in this LHC machine is whether it will solve the problem of matter-antimatter riddle. Presently, the small differences between matter and antimatter can be used to explain origin of matter in the universe but only to scales that the standard model can allow which are insufficient to generate the matter observed in the universe. However, the LHC has a TeV scale that will reveal this deficit. Nevertheless, even with high hopes of the LHC discovering the Higgs boson, there remains questions of whether its coupling of matter and antimatter would be the same among other questions like the origin of matter in the universe. The biggest setback of this LHC is the long time the accelerator is expected to take before it reaches its nominal collision rate. In summation, there is hope and realization of LHC would herald redefinition of physics. Reference List Ellis, J 2007, “Beyond the Standard Model with the LHC”, Nature, vol. 448, pp. 297-304.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Psychodynamic Play Theory Essay (Critical Writing) Play therapy is a way of expressing feelings in children especially where stressful events are involved since children are unable to communicate by mouth as effectively as adults. Thus, they make use of play to express their inner feelings and interpersonal conflicts. Psychodynamic play therapy is utilized where a therapist is involved in listening to the details of a child’s play and emphasizes the causes of the child’s experiences in regard to motions of the child’s body. Therefore, the child is able to express and cope with certain difficulties with the help of the therapist. This is done by the therapist getting involved in the context of the play to help the child identify the difficulty, express it emotionally and engage in solving it. The therapist, therefore, has to interpret the play in a meaningful way and then communicate with the child to elucidate indifferent engagement(s) expressed by the child during the play. In order for this to work effectively, the play or activity involved should be made interesting to the child. For instance, a therapist may choose to engage in an argumentative puppet conversation with the child. The argument could be based on a topic that is sensitive to the child or one that the therapist had noticed some reaction from the child. This way, the therapist identifies certain feelings from the child through verbal expression and this puts him/her in the best position to engage in problem solving. This could as well be done as part of the play. For example, the therapist may continue with the puppet conversation but this time, focuses on addressing the solution by telling the child what needs to be done about the problem in discussion. Psychodynamic play theory functions in finding out the complexity associated with a child’s behavior. Psychodynamic play therapy provides education, ego support, and therapist activity which are not present in the common psychotherapy. The recommendation of this type of therapy implies belief that it applies to children with a certain mental diagnosis and is preferable to other approaches, and assessment that the child is capable thereof. Psychodynamic play therapy could be linked to treatment of psychological disorders in many children especially autistic ones. Autism represents a syndrome or collection of symptoms originating primarily from a basic neurological deficit in information processing and emotional communication. Consequently, psychological defenses against states are experienced as a result of those deficits. Lack of crucial socializing experiences during development as a result of both the deficits and the defenses is also associated with autism in children. Moreover, and whatever the origins, the autistic child’s development is profoundly altered, for better or worse, by his or her early environment and the critical interaction with his/her family. There exists a wide range in the severity of the initial biological predisposition and the early life experiences, such that some children may be born so disabled that parents, however healthily nurturing, make limited impact; whereas other children may be born with a milder innate vulnerability, but encounter significantly damaging parenting. However the situation, psychodynamic pay therapy may significantly make great impacts in the lives of autistic children by getting to understand how they feel about their conditions. This way, they may be engaged in playful activities to make them feel as part of the society and also to interact with other normal children. Psychodynamic play theory is not only therapeutic to children, but also educative. Through such plays, children get to learn many things alongside getting therapy and having fun.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
This happened after Spain had successfully made a financial gain in Mexico. Every nation that scrambled for colonies in North America used different approaches to gain the interest of the local residents. As the European colonial outposts explored the region in search of gold, they also had the interest of finding a route that was to enable them to access water that was believed to exist in the other content which was in existence. Colonization of the continent was initially seen as costly with no profits until an alternative means of wealth arose. Trade of animal fur and fishing led to the colonization of the region (Bulliet and Headrick 431). New France focused on Canada and other areas around St. Lawrence River because the colonists had learned their lesson at French Fort Caroline. To be more exact, the Spanish massacre erupted, and many homesteads were burnt down and destroyed. It is approximated that more than four hundred and fifty people were killed in the fight, not including children and women, which estimated about three hundred and eighty people. At the same time, many people were taken to prison to serve long sentences. Don Onate gave an order that all male aged between thirteen and twenty-six years to have their right foot cut off and be enslaved for more than twenty years (Vesely 24). These cruel operations scared the French, thus, letting the Spanish succeed in their quest. At St. Lawrence, the French found new ways of making a profit in the new continent of North America. They started to trade in beaver pelts, whereby they depended on the Indians to carry out trade. When Spanish experienced a political decline, which created a vacuum, the British and the Dutch made their way in to fill the void. The merchants, who led the Dutch government had wealth and influence over the colonies. The Dutch government followed a specific policy in economic and political relationships with the Native Americans. These relationships were based mostly on the fur trade in exchange for wealth and pelts. In the struggle for dominance in the new world, five Indian nations joined in the Iroquois Confederacy including Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. Later Tuscarora joined the group making the total number of nations to be six. The Dutch government managed to succeed in the region because the Iroquois Confederacy ensured that the African and Indian cultures well persevere. The Dutch’s main interest was in their investments and the profits that they attained from trade (Murrin, Johnson and Phurson 21). England, like any other state, came in to fill the gap that was created by the power decline of the Spanish colonies. Unlike the rest of the states, though, England aimed at exporting Christianity to the new world (Murrin, Johnson and Pherson 29). Later, the English government made attempts to make money by stealing gold and slaves from the Spanish ships, even though the English colonists later managed to create a joint company with the Spanish for private operations. Initially, England dealt with Ireland and failed in Roanoke Island (Murrin, Johnson and Pherson 53). From the analysis it is clear that most colonies in North America aimed at making profits; indeed, they attained an impressive amount of money for their native states. The amount of wealth that the colonists garnered in North America enabled their countries to become stronger and more powerful. The profits strengthened their mother countries’ economy because the money was invested in military and industrialization. Works Cited Bulliet, Richard and Daniel Headrick. The Earth and Its Peoples, Brief Edition, Complete . Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2011. Print. Murrin, John, Paul Johnson and James Phurson. Cengage Advantage Books: Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877 . Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2001. Print. Vesely, James M. The Awakening Land: A Novel of the Rio Grande Valley. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse. 2000. Print.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Elements of the Strategic Management Process Expository Essay Business organizations thrive on long term and short term strategic decisions which drive them to success. These cross functional managerial decisions are fundamental in determining a business organization’s strategic position and its ability to sustain itself in a competitively and dynamically changing environment. Therefore to formulate good business policies, a business manager needs to continuously assess the operational business environment to make strategic decisions in line with an organization’s planning and innovation processes. An Intelligent business executive continuously monitors the political environment in which a business organization operates to ensure potential risks associated with political uncertainties do not get into the way of an organization’s business operations. Ireland, Duane, and Hitt (23) assert that a business organization is likely to suffer heavy losses if a strategic decision made by its executives embodied in its strategic vision does not consider potentially dangerous situations like military invasions. Inconsistent industry regulations and requirements, time allotted for work for every employee or work week, intellectual property laws, legal requirements in making contracts, relationships with trade unions, and specific anti-trust laws can adversely affect a business’s sustainability and operations if such factors are not considered in making long term or short term strategic decisions I(reland, Duane & Hitt, 56) Business organizations only thrive in economically stable environments which inspire the confidence for sustained profits. Such environments provide competently skilled manpower, stable currencies of host nations, sustained economic growth, sustained income, and stable inflation rates. When making long term strategic management decisions, managers need to identify and evaluate the characteristic type of the economic environment and controls in an economy when strategizing for the future. These ensure the safety and sustainability of an organization’s financial resources. Understanding the social environment enables managers to make strategic decisions in relation to the demographics of an organization’s market environment. Demographic factors determine how an organization designs its products to address the specific needs of a population. Akbar (1) argues that this helps managers to make strategic plans for sustaining a business organization in today’s fiercely competitive environment. Long term strategies are fundamentally influenced by a market’s social class structures, innovation, cultural norms and values, and educational levels. Different social classes perceive different products differently. They also have different consumer behaviors. Products should be tailored to meet the needs and wants of different classes. Innovative managers make long term strategic decisions tailored to meet customer needs from different social classes while bearing in mind the need to make sustainable business decisions. That sustains a business organization in achieving its short term and long term goals and objectives in line with its strategic vision. According to Akbar (1), companies continuously innovate at every stage of their growth and evolution. When managers make long term decisions, new technological environment remain key factors in influencing such decisions. New technologies place organization at a strategically competitive position against its rivals in terms of innovation and efficient and effective utilization of resources. Effective managers find themselves compelled to consider the effect of these new technologies on cost framework. Costs are likely to go down drastically when new technologies which come with a range of benefits are considered in decision making. Organizations which remain static and do not adapt to new technologies find themselves loosing out to their rivals ho adapt to new technologies. Works Cited Akbar, Michael. Elements of the Strategic Management Process. 2002-2010. Web. Ireland, R. Duane, Hoskisson Robert E., Hitt, Michael E. Understanding Business Strategy, 2e, South-Western, 2009.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 and Utility Companies Dissertation Table of Contents 1. Project Aim 2. Reasons for Proposed Research 3. Proposed Research Areas 4. Proposed Research Approach 5. References Project Aim The major criticism of the SOX Act 2002 comes from its high compliance costs which companies have to incur. The most contentious SOX Section 404 requires companies to assess and report on the effectiveness and completeness of internal controls (Edison, 2009). This requires companies to hire a team of accountants and lawyers and restructure that accounting and reporting systems that certainly add high costs to business. SOX Section 404 places different obligatory requirements which utility companies have to foresee particularly about risk management that requires companies to ensure adequate reporting (Fielden, 2006). Companies in the utility sector are increasingly feeling the pressure to prove that their governance and control procedures are sufficient and effective enough to eliminate risks of accounting manipulation and identify any deficiencies and discrepancies if still exist. Reasons for Proposed Research The proposed study would surely assist in forming grounds for assessing benefits from compliance with SOX 2002. The proposed research interests the researcher as this would allow assessing the impact of SOX on utility-providing companies. Various researches and reports have provided major highlights of SOX and its implications for different businesses however the current research would be unique in a way that it would provide a depth analysis of the utility companies and how compliance with SOX has affected their accounting and reporting structures and determine the cost factors which derive the cost of services provided by these companies. The overall cost implications would be weighed against the benefits of compliance and a measure would be developed to determine its significance on the value of utility services these companies provide. The proposed research would provide its users a thorough understanding of the implications of SOX on utility companies based on the differentiation between publicly and privately owned utility companies. Proposed Research Areas The overall objective of the proposed study would be served better by delving into the following research areas pertinent to research regarding the cost of SOX compliance for utility companies. 1. To analyze the cost implications of compliance with SOX for federally owned and privately held utility companies and assess its impact on the services they provide. 2. To analyze whether benefits overweigh costs of compliance and compare and contrast the extent of its impact on the cost of utility services in publicly and privately owned utility companies. Proposed Research Approach The research would be based on a Phenomenological paradigm which is based on qualitative data. The alternate approach referred to as the qualitative approach deals with in-depth study and analysis of the subject in review. This is subjective and follows humanistic and interpretative methods. Qualitative research sets out by establishing a hypothesis rather than testing existing ones (McBride & Schostak, 2004). The reason for selecting this approach is to draw upon the responses and experiences of utility companies as they struggle to become compliant with SOX and in particular Section 404 of this Act which requires management and external to provide an assessment report on the company’s internal controls. This analysis would be supplemented by costs data collected from utility companies and an attempt would be made to develop any correlation between the cost of compliance with SOX and the price charged by these companies for their services. References Edison, A. (2009). Exploring the Impact of Sarbanes-Oxley . Web. Fielden, S. (2006). Managing Market Data & Sarbanes Oxley Compliance for U.S. Utility Companies. Chicago: Logical Information Machines. McBride, R. & Schostak, J. (2004). Research issues. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Academic Integrity and Plagiarism Essay Academic Integrity Today, the interest in issues connected with academic integrity and plagiarism, in particular, is rapidly growing (Ford & Hughes, 2012). The extent of these problems is increasing with the number of educational institutions (Macfarlane, Zhang, & Pun, 2014). By the definition of Jiang, Emmerton, and McKauge, plagiarism is “stealing the words or ideas of someone else and passing them off as one’s own without crediting the source” (2013, para. 1). Academic dishonesty is an unacceptable measure that violates ethical behaviors and may lead to serious implications for both the audience and the cheaters. Case Study #1 Since Jenny has realized that she was having trouble with understanding long before the test, she had time to change it studying harder and asking other students or the professor for extra help. Jenny’s actions are the clear constitution of academic dishonesty. The “F” grade on the test is an acceptable sanction in this instance. To avoid such situations in the future, Jenny must manage her time according to the current circumstances. Case Study#2 Simply turning in the same paper without any changes for the second time is dishonest of Ben. Perhaps, Ben should talk to the professor, explaining that he had already written that paper, and ask him for suggestions on how to develop the ideas to keep the paper appropriate for the current assignment. It would be good for Ben to take the opportunity and make his paper even better. Even though Ben’s writing is not plagiarism, it is unacceptable for him to turn it in without changes. Case Study#3 Every member of the group must know the whole content of the assignment, not only their part. It can be understood that there is a friendship between Mike, Todd, and Chris, but they should not cheat. It is both Mike’s and Todd’s fault—Mike’s is that he does not know the content and asks Todd to show the answers, Todd’s is that he agrees. Moreover, Chris is put into conditions when he has to choose between their friendship and rules. Case Study#4 Jennifer is wrong. She is plagiarizing. It is not important whether her opinion is the same or different, Jennifer is presenting someone else’s thoughts as her own. The author’s words must be cited. Jennifer should paraphrase or directly quote all the content she had plagiarized, and give credit to the author. Case Study#5 Citing the “Internet” as a source is insufficient because the Internet is not a verified source, and it contains a lot of false and plagiarized information. Though it is not plagiarism because the sources were cited, they were cited incorrectly. Lee should not use the material which is not verified because it may have serious consequences, especially when it comes to healthcare-related researches. His actions may be viewed as an example of unconscionable work. Conclusion Academic dishonesty is an unacceptable measure that violates ethical behaviors and may lead to serious implications for both the audience and the cheaters. Growing along with the development of educational institutions, the issues connected with academic integrity, and plagiarism today is a concern of scholars all over the world. Some of the students are plagiarizing unintentionally, but there are a lot of those who do it purposely. Although it is universally recognized that plagiarism may lead to serious consequences, the students continue to neglect the rules of academic writing. References Ford, P. J., & Hughes, C. (2012). Academic integrity and plagiarism: Perceptions and experience of staff and students in a school of dentistry: A situational analysis of staff and student perspectives. European Journal of Dental Education, 16 (1), 180-186. Jiang, H., Emmerton, L., & McKauge, L. (2013). Academic integrity and plagiarism: A review of the influences and risk situations for health students. Higher Education Research & Development, 32 (3), 369-380. Macfarlane, B., Zhang, J., & Pun, A. (2014). Academic integrity: A review of the literature. Studies in Higher Education , 39 (2), 339-358.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Imports and Exports Definition Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Imports and exports in the fashion industry 3. Advantages and disadvantages of imports and domestic purchases 4. References Introduction Import is a business term, which means purchase of both raw materials and finished products from another country. On the other hand, exports denotes sell of domestically produced goods and services to other countries. These two aspects, Imports and exports, are vital factors in any country’s economy. As for the imports it helps a country to obtain goods and services it does not produce domestically while exports helps a country to earn foreign income which enables it to purchase imports. The difference between nation’s exports and imports of goods and services determines its balance of trade. An economy is said to have a favorable balance of trade if its total exports exceed total imports. If its’ imports exceeds exports then it will be experiencing unfavorable balance of trade. Imports and exports in the fashion industry Fashion industry currently dominates large part of the international trade. Fashion generally means the currently popular style and practice majorly in clothing, footwear and accessories. USA has greatly involved itself in the fashion industry. It has recently been importing cotton T-shirts from china for men’s market as well as women’s market. Manufacturers of these T-shirts are several. One of them is Zhongshan Fu Yu Mei Fashon Co. LTD located at Zhongshan, China. Equally, USA exports second hand clothing to other countries (Virginia Imports, n.d.). These are used/second-hand blue jeans, Levi’s jeans, Ropa Usada Espanola, apparel, garments and many more .A company known as Second Hand Clothing Company situated at Miami Florida majorly deals in export of these goods. They are exported to Africa, Latin America, Asia, and Middle East and worldwide. It partly forms section of the total US export. Advantages and disadvantages of imports and domestic purchases After having a deep insight into the global fashion market we can identify advantages and disadvantages of buying imports over domestically produced products. First, let us see the advantages and disadvantages we realize from buying imports. In this case, we shall discuss about the fashion industry. First and foremost, we are able to get clothing, foot wares and accessories of higher quality as compared to what is offered domestically. Domestic companies might lack materials and technology that would ensure quality manufacturing of such products. We are also able to get clothing and other related products in the fashion industry at cheap prices as compared to what is available domestically (Miami, 2010). This is because foreign companies are able to produce such products at lower cost most probably because of large economical scale. Consequently, domestic market is assured of stabilized prices (Virginia Imports, n.d.). In addition, consumers are able to access variety of products at the fashion industry. This would mean consumers would access products that are currently popular at the global market. This is common with fashion industry as it goes with current style and practice in the market. Conversely, purchase of imports is always influenced by country’s government regulations on imports such as tariffs, which makes it uneconomical to import. Import is also affected by costly air transport and shipment costs. Fluctuation of currency exchange rate also affect fashion market negatively if domestic currency becomes weak over the currency from which to buy the fashion industry products such as necklaces, earrings etc (Miami, 2010). Buying domestic products will also have its advantages and disadvantages over the imports. Domestic products are only subject to tax charges at the manufacturing stage. So they are likely to be sold at lower cost as they are exempted from import taxes. Buying domestically also helps to boost domestic industries. It also enables one to avoid lengthy and complicated legal processes of buying goods and services related to fashion industry across the boarder. Great disadvantage is that domestic fashion products might be of lower value and expensive in relation to global market for fashion related items (International Trade, 2010). A retailer should balance on the advantages and disadvantages of both domestic and foreign purchase since no one way is correct. He should import if he is able to get a variety, and of course get what is not manufactured domestically. He should also consider the final cost of domestic versus foreign fashion product, and make a wise decision of where to purchase to make his business profitable. References International Trade. (2010). Imports and exports scavenger hunt. Web. Miami. (2010). Used clothing wholesale from Miami Florida . Web. Virginia Imports, (n.d.). Imports and Virginia’s economy. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Sociology. Gender Norm Violations Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main Text 3. Conclusion 4. Works Cited Introduction Gender roles are socially stipulated behavior norms based on unique factors and images assigned to each sex. People perceive the opposite sex on the basis of gender determinants and principles. There are patterns of behavior and communication assigned to both sexes, different cloths styles and social values followed by men and women. In general, and almost universally, women have been assigned responsibility for childbearing, child rearing, and related household behaviors, while men have been assigned roles having to do with external relations, hunting, and warfare. Gender norms violations can be identified as adoption of behavior patterns and actions atypical for a given sex and prescribed to an opposite gender Main Text Gender norms violations are perceived as such because at the level of personality, the concept of sex role refer to differential expectations of general behavioral and temperamental characteristics associated with stereotypes of men and women. For instance, goatee (facial hair) is a typical gender norm violation for women. For a Western man, high heels and a skirt are also considered gender roles violations. While this aspect overlaps considerably with the structural usage of sex roles, the intersex consensus and persistence over time of sex role stereotypes suggests utility of the concept beyond the specific application to family role differentiations. The differentiation of expected behavior and personality characteristics of women and men is reflected at the individual level in conceptions of gender identity that are related to portrayal of masculine and feminine behaviors within and outside of specific role contexts (Schaefer 34). Following Schaefer (2005), gender roles are imperfect but useful concept to refer to those differences between women and men that are socially recognized and defined by appropriate normative role expectations. Sexual relations between men, lesbian elations and homosexuality are considered as gender norms violation. Whether these expectations are derived from social circumstances such as traditional role differentiation with the family, or from the needs of the sexes in interpersonal relations, or from some aspect of biological difference, is not a substantial issue in this research. The greater the difference the stronger the role differentiation is assumed to be. From this perspective, change in sex roles appears as change in the differences between the sexes. For a woman, a typical example of gender role violation is to get very drunk or be extremely violent. However, as women and men together make up society, obviously important aspects of change experienced by women are also experienced by men and are not, consequently, processes of sex role change per se, but rather of social change. The overlaying of social roles with sex roles precludes a precise and generally applicable conceptual distinction between these two forms of change. In spite of these changes, if men use makeup and have long hair it is always perceived as gender role violations. For example, sewing might be fun, unless one is a boy, then it is devalued and rejected in favor of building with wood and hard steel tools. Again, being a person who builds with wood but does not sew dresses anchors the gender identity; the cognitive aspect of role patterns results in conformity to normative cultural patterns through principles of consistency and appropriateness, even without actual reinforcements; models are chosen in terms of gender category to be appropriate to self. People sort things out in terms of gender identity and acquire the appropriate characteristics (Schaefer 39). Once established, the basic sense of gender is stronger and more stable than even physical sexuality, as the literature on transsexuals shows. Apart from the study of values about women’s roles, usually formulated in terms of career versus homemaking, there has been almost no research on sex differences along these dimensions. It is not typical for women to be a fire-fighter or taxi driver, aerospace engineer and boxer, military or captain. For a man, it is a violation of gender roles to become a governess or a nanny. Conclusion In sum, the main evidence on sex differences in achievement has to do with differences in the way achievement imagery is aroused in women and men and in the way scores based on that imagery predict achieving performance. To account for those gender differences, various writers have developed some interesting and provocative interpretations having to do with the implications of sex role characteristics and stereotypes for expectancy and attribution factors that interact with achievement motivation to produce total levels of motivation for success. Notwithstanding the interest and elegance of some of these models, a number of important inconsistencies point toward substantially different conclusions and outcomes. Nevertheless, the consistency of discursive writings and the content of the sex role stereotypes that are congruent with the cultural patterns being described clearly suggest that an important component in the sex differences on achievement orientations must derive from differences in these basic profiles. With that awareness, gender identity is established as a permanent and basic categorical foundation for all later learning and experience. Once gender identity is established, future learning takes place in terms of basic, cognitive mechanisms. Works Cited Schaefer, R. T. Sociology Matters . 2rd edition. McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages; 2005.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
American “The Name of War” by Jill Lepore Essay (Book Review) Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. General Reflection 3. Violence 4. Conclusion 5. Work Cited Introduction “The Name of War” by Jill Lepore is a useful source, which can be used in analyzing and interpreting the war between the Indian alliance against the English. Importantly, the author did not provide her opinion about the military conflict but provides the reader with accurate details of the setting, the triggers of the war, the battles, and campaigns. It ensures that the historical facts are not distorted to meet the needs of a certain party, and the audience can analyze the events relying on the evidence. The purpose of this paper is to review the assigned selections of Lepore’s book and discuss the importance of the theme of violence in this reading. General Reflection It is worth noting that the conflict described in the book was not regarded as a clash between sovereign peoples since the Puritans of New England perceived it as a civil war. They believed that they had a certain superiority over the Indians in the natural hierarchy (Lepore 77). Moreover, it can be assumed that the British colonists perceived this war as a form of a kindred conflict. Despite the fact that the warring parties directed their actions against each other, the Indians suffered the greatest losses. In this war, more than half of the settlements were attacked, and many of them were destroyed. The king’s name aroused fear in the Indians as people were tortured and killed in the most sophisticated ways, and this fear also brought discord to the Indians camp. Violence The theme of violence is an important method of analysis since it helps to understand the Indian people better. All the parties were violent and ruthless; nonetheless, the reasons for the violence were different. For instance, Algonquians resorted to killing and torturing because they wanted to preserve their national identity and a sense of belonging to their place of residence (Lepore 8). The detailed descriptions of the way Indians burned houses and killed their victim’s evidence that it was a form of protest, and they did not relish the death of people belonging to other nations. The English, in their turn, were driven by the desire to cease the influence of the Indians, and they intended to consolidate their positions in the territory. The violence also had a metaphoric meaning. To be more precise, the Indians destroyed the land and killed the livestock of their enemy. It was not done out of revenge but to show that they did not accept the English property and their cultural influence (Lepore 43). Therefore, it tells the audience a lot about the history of colonial North America and strongly characterizes the role of each nation. This sanguinary war was accompanied by brutality coming from both sides, but it was a turning point for the English invasion in this territory. A detailed description of the extermination of Indians reveals the way in which the Europeans were able to ensure the dominance of their culture was irreversible. It can be assumed that violence also serves as an instrument of obscuring the actual reasons for initiating the war. It is difficult to justify the use of barbarian methods, and someone might assume that the English dominance had the potential to “enlighten” such an “inferior” nation as Indians (Lepore 77). Nevertheless, the core of violence in this war lies in the desire of both cultures to preserve their identity. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that the text can be interpreted differently as well as the use of violence described in it. King Philip’s War resulted in the dominance of one nation over the other despite the fact that both of them wanted to preserve their ethnic identity. However, the reasoning of the Indians appears to be more reasonable despite the evidence exhibiting them as barbarians. Work Cited Lepore, Jill. The Name of War: King Philip’s War and the Origins of American Identity . Vintage, 1999.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Future of Public Health Essay The public health sector is one of the core sectors in a nation as far as the well-being of the citizens’ health is concerned. It ensures that patients receive effective healthcare services in addressing their health concerns. However, the sector has experienced many challenges, both directly and indirectly, that have a potential of causing problems in the future. This paper details some of the major challenges that the global public healthcare faces besides giving the possible future of the sector. One of the challenges is the shortage of nurses in most healthcare facilities. Nursing shortage not only refers to lack of enough nurses in our hospitals but also the inadequacies of nursing that healthcare systems experience. Nursing shortage can be in the form of lack of nurses to occupy funded jobs. The nurses that are required for a given post may not be willing to take the job or they do not exist. Nursing shortage also encompasses lack of funds to finance some nursing positions that are essential. In cases where both nurses and funds are available, nursing shortage may refer to failure of the nurses to deliver the care that they are supposed to offer to patients. Lack of proper education and empowerment of nurses are the major causes of inadequacy in service delivery of the nurses. The other factor that has contributed to the current nursing shortage is the gap between the actual nature of nursing and the value that people attach to it. Many people, in the US and other parts of the world regard nursing as a menial job that do not have other career options. As a result, many patients have suffered to the point of death. Nations such as the US have opted to import nursing professionals in dealing with the consequences of nursing shortage (Beran, 2010, p. 146). Owing to this, the US among other nations in the world has embarked on bringing up well-educated nursing practitioners. This may improve the availability of nurses in the public health sector in the future to address the existing as well as the emerging healthcare issues. Some emerging issues will alter the nature of the public healthcare sector around the globe. The most hazardous issue that has emerged in the recent past is global warming. Global warming presents several health concerns that call on the immediate action of the public healthcare systems. The climate change caused by the phenomenon may lead to the increases of climate-sensitive diseases especially the vector-borne diseases. Such diseases include dengue fever, malaria and yellow fever among others. The IPCC has found out that the population of people who are at risk of contacting vector-borne diseases is bound to increase significantly. The figures are expected to increase by 220 to 400 million in the next century (EPA, 2011, para.10). As far as public health is concerned, this presents a possible strain to the available resources within the public healthcare centers, which are already facing a challenge as far as the availability of sufficient nurses is concerned. Additionally, air borne diseases are also expected to rise due to the effects of global warming (Bedsworth, 2009, p. 619). This can be attributed to an increase in ground level ozone that has the potential of causing lung disease. Global warming has become a controversial issue in the public health sector. There has been an heated debate concerning the control of the phenomenon-environmental agencies or the public health systems. However, the issue concerns all the sectors in any nation since its effects are so strong in the society. In conclusion, the public health has many challenges that need to be addressed in the future. These include, but not limited to the shortage of nurses if the systems do not act to curb the problem as well as addressing the health concerns brought about by global warming. The sector will experience an increase in its equipment as well as personnel in addressing the diseases caused by global warming as well as the other diseases such as malaria, HIV/AIDS and multi-resistant tuberculosis among others. References Bedsworth, L. (2009). Preparing for Climate Change: A Perspective from Local Public Health Officers in California. Environmental Health Perspectives , 117(4), 917-623. Beran, H. (2010). How can we Build Skills to Transform the health care System? Journal of Research in Nursing , 15(2), 139-148. EPA. (2011). Health. Climate Change-Health and Environmental Effects. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Goals Importance for Student Essay The focal point of the paper is to convey my long-term goal and steps (short term goals) to reach that goal. It is a realistic goal. My goal is to get Accounting AA Degree. Now, I am taking the second semester the first year at BCCC. I have 23 credits. I am full time student. I am planning to finish college in 2010. In addition, I have a part time job. I am approaching my career in a methodical and planned manner. Goals and planning policies are important to any student of any school as to formulate a specific pathway for the determination of stability and development. The achievement of goal is broadly divided into two parts. The first part is denoted as the long termed goal that is already in use or already has been implemented with logical success rates. However, there are quite fair chances that this part would affect the futuristic or formulated part of the planning or in other words could affect the basic implementation of the basics. To attain the focus correctly on long termed goal it is required to concentrate on the second part and this is process of steps to attain the long termed goal. The timeline and benchmark of the goals follow its own course. The planning includes the evaluation of the steps taken or that are to be followed. The basic evidence of the goal implementation would include the complete status plan of each and every component taken into account and furthermore it would also be taken into account that the basic schedule in terms of time span and the authenticity as per the previously laid down benchmarks would be followed intricately. This is extremely important as this would set the ball rolling for the team responsible for the goal to be implemented. Any error or miscalculation or diversion at this stage would certainly cause the whole formulation to be erroneous and this would result it to be a complete failure for the long term thereby altering the base cause of the goal which is development of the career by achieving Accounting AA Degree. The basic advantage of an Accounting AA Degree in the long term is there is enough scope of employment in this sector. In recent years, there is a growing trend for the demand of account professionals at the entry level and this degree would be beneficial for attaining a career as a Management Accountant, Internal Auditor or as a Public Accountant. As the subjects of Accounting AA Degree includes principals, accounting practices, litigation, auditing, financial advisory courses and taxes it would be very fruitful an accountant is required for every non profit organizations, organizations and businesses. However, to attain this target one needs to follow the short-term goals perfectly. It is important to satisfy all requirements related to finance and then complete no less than 64 semester hours. In all courses, one should maintain a minimum average of 2.0 or C and degree credit semester hours of 20. One should also file the needed degree petition beforehand with a minimum of one term in advance. The last of the short termed goals requires one to be able to maintain a fairly good, if not very good, standings during the phase of final credits and the earning of the degree.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Apple MacBook Pro Research Paper Table of Contents 1. Significant people 2. History 3. Development 4. Impact on society 5. Inventions, details of development and testing 6. Other interesting facts 7. Works Cited Significant people The development of Apple MacBook Pro can be seen as a great milestone in computer technology and specifically for the MacBook family and MacBook Pro line. The face behind this invention is Apple’s chief designer Jonathan Ive. There have been vital contributions by Steve Jobs especially in 2005 when Apple was upgrading from the use of PowerPC microprocessors (Michaels 25). History The apple MacBook Pro is part of moveable computers launched by Apple in January 2006. It substituted the PowerBook G4 and it was the next model following the iMac that was made known during the Apple-Intel transition. It is the most expensive and advanced in the MacBook family. In addition to this, it is presently formed with 13-, 15- and 17-inch screens (Cohen 15). Development There are two designs of MacBook Pro, which equally use aluminum. The initial MacBook was a put back from the PowerBook G4, except that it made use of the Intel Core processors rather than PowerPC G4 chips (Cohen 15). Two models were debuted in the market in 2006, with the 15-inch model being released on January and the 17-inch model in April. Later on within the year, they both got a number of updates as well as Core 2 Duo processors (Cohen, 15). The other body design has a further tapered model and an exterior built from a solitary aluminum block. It was released on October 2008 as the “15-inch MacBook Pro and the 13-inch aluminum body MacBook” (Cohen 15). Later in January 2009, a 17-inch model was conveyed, with fitted battery that connected the other MacBook Pro products. Successive revisions enhanced Intel Core 15 and 17 and paved way for Thunderbolt technology. Impact on society Apple MacBook pro is famous for its environmental friendliness due to the use of aluminum and glass during manufacture. Some people term it as the greenest line of products. It has a great proficient power supply that cuts down the amount washed out, transferring power from wall to computer thus reducing greenhouse gases and power bills. It has power saving capability because, for instance it controls the processor amid keystrokes lessening power between letters while typing (Apple). It meets the strict low power necessities put by the EPA in their ENERGY STAR 5.2 prerequisite (Apple). It is also without many dangerous toxins such as PVC, BFRs, arsenic, and mercury (Apple). Its packaging is intended to be as minute as possible, thus extra products fit on fewer planes. MacBook Pro can be recycled since it is made of aluminum, and reused after its long useful life. If the user lives in the U.S, they can get free recycling from Apple (Apple). Inventions, details of development and testing Apple terminated the use of PowerPC microprocessors back in 2006 to adopt the use of x86 processors manufactured by Intel, whereas several Macs have been given fresh names to show the change. Intel-based Macs are able to operate pre-existing software tailored for PowerPC by means of an emulator known as Rosetta, although at a lower notable speed. Intel chips came up with the ability to run the “Microsoft Windows operating system” traditionally on apple devoid of emulation software like Virtual PC (Cheng 1). To counter the activities of hackers, Apple announced a publicly available beta of their own Boot Camp software that enables Intel-based Macs owners to fix Windows XP on their computers, which were later upgraded to hold Windows Vista. The latest Apple industrial design has changed to support aluminum and glass that are termed as affable to the environment. “The iMac, MacBook Pro and MacBook Air lines use aluminum enclosures, and are now made of a single body” (Cheng 1). Jonathan Ive has pressed on guiding products in the direction of modest and easy feel, which entails the abolition of disposable batteries in notebooks. Multi-touch signals from the “iPhone’s interface have been employed to the Mac line in the type of touch pads on notebooks and the Magic Mouse and Magic Track pad for desktops” (Cheng 1). Other interesting facts Recently, Apple has witnessed an incredible increase in the sales of Macs. This can be partly accredited to success in products like the iPod and the iPhone, which has created a “halo effect” whereby contented iPod and iPhone customers’ continue purchasing more Apple products in addition to Intel microprocessors (Michaels 25). Between 2001 and 2008, Mac sales rose constantly annually, while Apple reported global sales of 3.36 million Macs in the 2009 holiday period. Since Mid-2011, Macintosh keeps on benefitting from quick market share boost in the US, mounting from 7.3% of the entire computer consignments in 2010 to 9.3% in 2011(Michaels 25). Apple became the first company to introduce a new computer that made use of “Intel’s new Thunderbolt (codename Light Peak) I/O interface” on February 24, 2011. Thunderbolt takes pride in two-way transmit speeds of 10 Gbit/s (Cheng 1). Works Cited Apple. MacBook Pro and the environment . 2011- October 3, 2011 < https://www.apple.com/environment/ > Cheng, Cisco. “Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch (Thunderbolt).” PC Magazine 30.4 (2011): 1-1. Print. Cohen, Peter. “New MacBook Pros Announced.” Macworld 26.8 (2009): 15-15. Print. Michaels, Philip. “Apple Sales Top $20 Billion in Fiscal 4Q 2010.” Macworld 28.1 (2011): 25-25. Print.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Tablets vs. Textbooks Essay Technological advances are transforming many aspects of our society today including the education sector. Specifically, innovations in computing technology are being used to enhance the classroom environment. Enriquez (2010) notes that educators are keen to exploit technologies that enhance the learning experience of students. A technological change that is being experienced in many schools is the use of tablets to access electronic books. Proponents of tablets assert that they bring significant benefits to students by increasing student engagement. Opponents argue that printed textbooks are more beneficial since they promote reading comprehension. This paper will demonstrate that tablets offer more benefits than textbooks and they should therefore be adopted by all schools. A major merit of tablets is that they enable students to access books at a lower cost than they would using textbooks. The cost of textbooks is an important issue, especially among college students. Herther (2014) documents that many students face additional financial burdens due to the high cost of textbooks. Many students choose not to buy textbooks since they are too expensive or base their decisions on which classes to take on the cost of texts. Tablets enable students to access e-books, which often less than the printed version (Herther, 2014). This increased affordability ensures that students can access the material needed to improve their studying and performance in school. Advocates of textbooks argue that they can be cheaper that e-books for students can buy second-hand books. While this is true, used books are not always available to the student and in most cases he/she has to buy the new expensive book. Tablets ensure that students can easily access the cheap e-books. Tablets promote student learning through their interactive designs. The tablets make use of a variety of media to present information including text, images, audio, and even video. Students are allowed to interact with their learning material and obtain some feedback from it. Abram (2010) declares that student engagement in the learning material is promoted by this interactive environment. Increased engagement in learning material leads to better performance in class. Opponents of tablets claim that this interactive environment distracts students while they are learning. This is true for students might spend too much time viewing the multimedia objects that interest them. However, tablets allow teachers to easily monitor the learning progress of students and therefore avoid such setbacks. A major benefit of textbooks is that they foster comprehension since the reader does not suffer from any distraction. Most textbook pages only contain text and the reader is able to concentrate on the content of the book. Rosenwald (2015) reveals that the print book reader is able to take his/her time when consuming the material and this promotes comprehension. The higher comprehension increases the likelihood that the student will remember the information read. While it is true that print books have fewer distractions on the page, this does not mean that the additional media on the tablet impedes comprehension. Contrary to this, the multimedia on tables enhances comprehension by increasing student interest in the e-book content. This paper argues that tablets are superior to textbooks in the classroom environment. These devices enable people to gain access to books at a lower cost in addition to increasing student engagement in learning content. While textbooks have the advantage of increased comprehension due to fewer distractions on the print page, tablets also foster comprehension through their interactivity. Tablets are therefore the superior medium and they should be adopted more to ensure that everyone benefits from their advantages. References Abram, S. (2010). P-Books vs. Ebooks: Are There Education Issues? MultiMedia & Internet, 17 (6), 13-16. Web. Enriquez, A. (2010). Enhancing Student Performance Using Tablet Computers. College Teaching. Summer, 58 (3), 77-84. Web. Herther, N. (2014). Technology Meets the Textbook. Online Searcher, 38 (3), 42-50. Web. Rosenwald, M. (2015). Why digital natives prefer reading in print. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Data Collection in Healthcare Programs Essay Data collection used to determine how to improve the conditions within a specific setting is very important. In the community health care setting, the use of real-life experience with patients and supervision of a preceptor, as the case manager, will apply. The data from treating the members of this community is to apply to assess the needs of the health sector. This will include; assessing the current information using the patient data in the emergency room and applying the data to improve the health sectors. One chief function of caregivers is to help prevent disease, and intervention methods should be focused on prevention and not treatment. This paper describes how a practicum agency can use assessment data to improve health conditions. The need assessment data includes data on the record of diseases report, preparedness of the health facility, and measures of prevention by the community. This data should help identify the most common illness, improve the readiness within the health facility, and increase disease prevention in the community. However, patients’ needs vary from each other. A good example is a patient who comes to the emergency room with asthma and expects their condition to be maintained and provided with drugs that will help stabilize (Stefaniak et al., 2018). This differs from a patient with malaria who will be treated and taught prevention measures after that. Individual patient assessment desires differ from the community’s wants. The data on health needs include patient illness with specific diseases and the patients’ progress. To prioritize the health needs of patients, it may be essential to have information on patients’ behavior, environment, and genetic predisposition. A good example is the asthma patient; the environmental conditions of the patient should be taken into consideration to avoid subsequent attacks (Iriarte‐Roteta et al., 2020). Another example is a diabetic patient would benefit from data on lifestyle as their condition can easily be managed through their lifestyle. The data from the practicum can establish a support program, increase screening facilities, and offer health education to the patients. The support program helps patients suffering from addiction, makes them feel accepted by the community, and helps them overcome their habits. Screening facilities allow for early detection and management of disease at a primary or early secondary stage (Gillies & Schabath, 2020). Moreover, health education benefits the entire community in the prevention is better than cure campaign. Health workers should prioritize the prevention of disease rather than treatment. The practicum agency used the available data to improve the outcome of their programs. First, they collaborated with some health providers to form an online platform where patients could interact with health providers and ask them questions about their health status (Yang et al., 2019). This helped in the prevention of disease and reducing the crowding in consultation. Moreover, it also reduced the consultation fee for those who could not meet the expenses since the consultation on this platform was free. Second, the agency focused on promoting health equity by championing for provision of health services for the less fortunate. This was done by agitating for the construction of more health facilities and the employment of more health providers to ensure that all people can access health services despite their financial status. During the practicum, I engaged in community-based activities such as taking care of the homeless, treating the uninsured members of the community, and educating members of the community on the importance of preventive health. During this period, I handled a patient who was having rheumatoid arthritis. At first, I thought the patient had rheumatic fever, but I understood how the clinical signs and diagnosis differed through preceptor consultation. The patient with rheumatic arthritis is just one example of how the practicum enabled me to improve critical thinking, clinical judgment, and clinical reasoning. Clinical judgment, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning are essential aspects for all health officers, from physicians to care providers. All care providers must be well equipped to make proper clinical judgments. My preceptor and other community providers gave me a whole new perspective on the population and their needs. Through their experience, I grasped that your patient’s well-being is your utmost priority. One ought to do all the best to ensure the patient leaves for home a satisfied person. I picked up this through an incident where my preceptor treated an insured patient against the hospital policy, claiming that the administration would deal with the rest of the processes. His work was to ensure his patient was treated and not determine whether the patient was insured. Patients trust healthcare providers to take good care of them and lead them to good health. In conclusion, working with the practicum agency and my preceptor provided me with an experience that would be useful for me in my clinical practice and for the achievement of the needs of society. I learned how to assess community needs from individual to community-based assessment. Moreover, I understood how assessment needs data can achieve health care goals and better the healthcare provider of a population. I look forward to more of such opportunities as they not only shape your academic life but change your all perspective of life. References Gillies, R. J., & Schabath, M. B. (2020). Radiomics improves cancer screening and early detection. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention , 29 (12), 2556–2567. Web. Iriarte‐Roteta, A., Lopez‐Dicastillo, O., Mujika, A., Ruiz‐Zaldibar, C., Hernantes, N., Bermejo‐Martins, E., & Pumar‐Méndez, M. J. (2020). Nurses’ role in health promotion and prevention: A critical interpretive synthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing , 29 (21-22). Web. Stefaniak, J., Baaki, J., Hoard, B., & Stapleton, L. (2018). The influence of perceived constraints during needs assessment on design conjecture. Journal of Computing in Higher Education , 30 (1), 55–71. Web. Yang, Y., Zhang, X., & Lee, P. K. C. (2019). Improving the effectiveness of online healthcare platforms: An empirical study with multi-period patient-doctor consultation data. International Journal of Production Economics , 207 , 70–80. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Southwest Airlines Company’s Case Report Table of Contents 1. Discussion 2. Reaction of Southwest Airlines 3. Woman’s Title 4. Conclusion 5. References Discussion It should be noted that aviation industry is a quite complex area of business. Multiple cases have occurred when both customers and airline employees have exhibited improper practices. The purpose of this paper is to review a situation that has recently taken place on board of Southwest Airlines. Reaction of Southwest Airlines It can be argued that Southwest Airlines have addressed the situation under analysis correctly and adequately. According to the case, the woman claimed that she had an allergy to animals and asked the flight attendants to remove the pets from the board. However, the individual did not provide evidence to prove her health condition, and the employees needed to deplane her (“Passenger is escorted off Southwest flight,” 2017). Nevertheless, the woman refused to leave the aircraft, and the police officers had to use their physical force to remove her from the plane. The video of this accident reveals a person who is extruded by two strong men, which seems rather radical (CBS North Carolina, 2017). Nonetheless, the decision made by the airline’s workforce was reasonable since they could not jeopardize the health of the woman; therefore, they were forced to deplane her instead of risking her well-being (as well as receiving charges if the woman died of allergy during the flight). In addition, the policy of Southwest Airline clearly states that “a Customer (without a medical certificate) may be denied boarding if they report a life-threatening allergic reaction and cannot travel safely with an animal onboard” (“Passenger is escorted off Southwest flight,” 2017, para. 4). If they did not meet this guideline, the company would break their corporate policy. Moreover, the woman did not agree to leave the plane; thus, the flight attendants had to invite the police. It was the responsibility of the woman to leave the plane as requested by the officers. Since the individual did not meet this requirement, the police representatives had to act in accordance with their regulations (Guffey & Loewy, 2015). Apart from that, the woman’s behavior not only disturbed the peace but also could result in increased expenses for other customers. If the officers had not removed her from the plane, the flight might have been delayed causing inconvenience and financial losses to other passengers. Woman’s Title The statement made by the woman has hurt her case. First, all passengers should be regarded equally. Therefore, the individual’s academic background did not imply that she should be treated with a greater degree of respect. Moreover, the woman’s title poses a great liability on her. She should have shown the way a respectful and tolerant person with high ethical and moral standards should handle such complex situations (Guffey & Loewy, 2015). Nonetheless, the woman has shown her disrespect towards other passengers and violated the requirements imposed on all the customers. Therefore, her professional title did not coincide with the exhibited behavior. Apart from that, the airline has apologized for the application of physical force to the woman (“Passenger is escorted off Southwest flight,” 2017). In her turn, the woman did not tender an apology to her fellow passengers for violating their peace. Therefore, it can be assumed that her academic background has served as an aggravating factor. The woman’s claim implied that she should be treated with respect because she is a professor and that her words could be taken for granted, which were wrongful assumptions. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that the case of Southwest Airlines is rather complex. On the one hand, the use of physical force applied to passengers seems improper. On the other hand, the airline, as well as the officers, have acted in accordance with their policy requirements. Moreover, the workforce ensured that they did not put their passenger in danger and did not allow the woman to cause inconvenience to other clients. References CBS North Carolina. (2017). VIDEO: Woman dragged off Southwest Airlines flight . Web. Guffey, M. E., & Loewy, D. (2015). Essentials of business communication (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage. Passenger is escorted off Southwest flight . (2017). Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Essay (Critical Writing) Mother is, probably, the first person for a girl who symbolizes all qualities that a woman should possess. Therefore, the mother is also the first person who can explain to her daughter the basic purposes and roles that a woman should perform in life. Therefore, the bond between mother and daughter is central because it identifies feminine dignity and cultivates the best qualities. In the story Everyday Use by Alice Walker, the author sheds light on complex relations between mother, Mrs. Johnson, and her two daughters. Specific focus should be made on the analysis of relations between Mrs. Johnson and her younger daughter Maggie who share identical values and moral principles. I think such a bond is good because it allows a girl to define her identity and strengthen the bond between the two generations. Establishing good relationships between a mother and a daughter shapes a firm foundation for moral and ethical values that a daughter will inherit in the future. Being a mother, therefore, implies meeting the needs of an infant for love, support, and approval. Moreover, favoring mother-daughter relations allows a daughter to find her identity and place in life. As it is described in Alice Walker’s novel called Everyday Use, the main heroine Mrs. Johnson strives to share her views, habits, and traditions with her younger daughter Maggie. They are both fond of similar hobbies and activities and, therefore, Maggie personifies her mother’s outlooks on life. Thus, the heroine says, “I asked Maggie to bring me a dip of snuff. And the two of us sat there just enjoying, until it was time to go in the house and go to bed” (Walker 35). Maggie and her mother share common values and purposes and, therefore, it is easy for Maggie to predict her life goals in the future. Daughter sometimes dominates in a mother-daughter relationship, which should not be regarded negatively. On the contrary, the daughter can have different purposes and liking and, therefore, their mother can serve as the opposition to her qualities. For instance, in Walker’s story, the elder daughter of the heroine rejects her identity, but still she prevails in their relationships. Unlike her mother, she is a well-educated and strong-willed character. In such a situation, the mother can take advantage of the daughter’s straightforward outlook on life. Therefore, this relationship is also acceptable because it can also strengthen the bond between two women. The importance of the mother-daughter bond is enormous because it will play a crucial role in the future of a daughter. Both women should realize that mutual love and support could enhance their social position and strengthen their spiritual and emotional welfare. Therefore, the mother is always happy when seeing her daughter as a reflection of herself. At the same time, she is also ready to support her, even though her aspirations are different from the ones her mother expects. In Walker’s story, Mrs. Johnson treats equally her daughters despite the fact that they have different attitudes to life. She is ready to provide love and support. In conclusion, mother-daughter relationships are definitely good because they strengthen feminine identity, identify gender roles, and establish a strong bond between two generations. Both mother and daughter should express mutual love and support for each other. The role of a mother, therefore, is confined to educating her daughter as a mother and wife whereas a daughter should learn to respect her mother as the first person exemplifying feminine dignity. The story Everyday Use provides a wider picture of such relations. In particular, it is possible to follow two different bonds between mother and her daughter. Younger daughter reflects her mother’s identity. In contrast, the elder daughter is more concerned with her own goals. References Walker Alice. “Everyday Use”. Everyday Use: Alice Walker. Ed. Barbara T. Christian. US: Rutgers University Press, 1994. 21-35. Print.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
More Communication is Not Always Better Essay Table of Contents 1. Technical aspect 2. Public aspect 3. Conclusion 4. Works Cited Magnitude in communication across all professional fields underscores the intent and purpose of such communication. In fact the history of communication has bent towards lesser communication that guarantees quality. In the field of art and design, two main aspects stand out in providing a generalization that justifies the case for lesser communication. Technical aspect The technical communication aspect refers to the tools that are used to develop and deliver the communicated message. The advancement in technology today has created and developed numerous communication channels. The traditional method of face to face communication has suffered numerous alterations that have revolutionalised the communication process. Every message has to be transmitted through a channel or media. The communication field has created room for different varying versions of similar or substantially different channels that have been adjusted to suit the professional requirements of the time. Technical communication entails the strategic and analytical use of machines or tools within the communication scope in their complex or simple versions. It involves extensive analysis of the results of language mathematics which provide a summary of the effectiveness of using a specific function of technology or the technology as a whole. It allows for the adjustment of such technology to meet the objectives of the profession and the purpose of its adoption. The more the number of channels available to the communicator the lesser the relative effectiveness of each channel (Andeweg et al pp 272). The technical aspect of communication in art and design provides a solution to the font verses type debate. There are numerous advanced deviations and versions of font styles available thanks to improvements in software technology. This development comes into conflict with the consumer’s knowledge of the specific font type. For instance every other person is familiar with the font type Times New Roman. It is therefore quite easy to identify with the formal effect that has been associated with this font. However if there is more than one font in the massage even with the prominence off a single font the message looses the intended touch. Public aspect The public communication aspect engages the effects of language and numeracy related aspects of the communication process in the resultant interactive understanding and interpretation of a message by the target community context .The extent to which a communication device delivers the intended message within a limited amount of time (Andeweg et al pp 271- 284). The public aspect engages in the application of mathematics in the analysis of the existing demands and needs of the public and the target of the communication initiative. The situation as it is allows for a very limited timeframe for a communicator to deliver their message. As it were the longest the communicator has in an active environment is one minute and this period could even be less depending on the substance of the communication effort (Caricato pp 496-514). The public communication aspect evaluates how well the message as a whole succeeds in informing the respondent of the message within the allowed timeframe without mis-informing or dis-informing such an individual. The art and design field has offered numerous alternatives in as far as pattern is concerned. Everyday someone comes up with a new pattern that they hope will override the place held by previous ones. Statistical analysis of the effect of use of more than one pattern indicates that the more the number of patterns in a communication devise the lesser the effectiveness the message has. People are more ready to understand simplistic patterns than where they are left to identify the collection of such patterns. This also applies in the application of colors. The more the number of colors used the lesser the effectiveness of the message. Conclusion More communication is not always better. This will depend on the various factors and interests that are represented in the communication process. This position however cuts across the general view. Works Cited Andeweg, Bas. de Jong, Jaap. & Hoeken, Hans. “May I have your attention?” Exordial techniques in informative oral presentations. Technical Communication Quarterly , 1998. 7(3), 271- 284 Caricato, Josephine. “Visuals for speaking presentations” An analysis of the presenter’s perspective of audience as a partner in visual design. Technical Communication , 2000. 47(4). 496-514.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Application of Principles of Quality Management Term Paper Every organization has a desire to offer satisfactory services to their customers. Quality in service refers to fitness for purpose and defines how satisfied the end users of products are. Quality management therefore is the effective design of the business process that puts the customer needs as a priority, put a proper plan for the product life cycle and ensure effective delivery of this service (Wallace 1999-2007). It entails the process elements, the analysis of performance and the continual improvement of the product and service delivery to customers. The chartered Quality Institute defines Quality in terms of innovations and care to the product user. There are major quality management principles that most organizations have integrated to ensure proper service delivery to the customers. The principles are defined by ISO 9000:2005 and ISO 9004:2000 (Wallace 1999-2007). The key principles here included but not limited: to customer focus, people involvement, process approach, factual approach to decision making, system approach to management among other. Quality management in any organization is a process. An organization that desires to achieve quality in its process must consider the due process that include setting the quality target, define the aspects of quality, identification of quality issues and also report on the overall level of quality achieved (Wallace 1999-2007). Coca cola is an international company that is known all across the world and that has been involved in the production of soft drinks for many years. The company management takes seriously customer feedback which they use to enable them to continuously improve the product quality. Recently, the company expanded its beverage portfolio and supplier base by inventing mineral water that are packed in 250ml, 500ml, 1 litre and also 20litres used in dispensers. At that time, so many companies got an opportunity of producing bottled water that became a very successful step in the development of the world industry. This came with a lot of counterfeit tap-bottled water in one of the countries Coca Cola operates. The government had to take the initiative to ensure that all the counterfeits were faced out for the safety of the consumer (Feigenbaum 1991). This presented a challenge to Coca Cola of ensuring the bottled water was up to the expected quality standards. The management of this company had to respond to this initiative by ensuring that nothing was left to chance especially on quality of one of its latest release of the bottled water. They first had to do quality audit which involved finding out the expectations of their customers and any other stakeholders interested in the product directly or indirectly. Some of these stakeholders included the ministry of health, who wanted to know if the bottling was to the required standards, the bureau of standards, to ensure the policies and the set standards have been adhered to in the production. This called for the Coca Cola Company to review once more if their standards met all these expectations (Feigenbaum 1991). They had in mind that whatever they had to do to foster quality improvement, integrating quality into process management, it is only the customer who determines whether these efforts are worthwhile. Decision making at such times as management requires professionalism and the use of factual data and not situational thinking. The company has a system that handles the changing business landscape and offer support to the company’s strategic growth plans (Feigenbaum 1991). The system integrates business and quality objectives and aligns them with the consistent metrics to monitor performance, integrates preventive action as a management tool with more rigorous demands when introducing new products. This was done by assessing the current trends in the market, customer satisfaction and quality management systems. The leadership must also know who plays what role in order to put the situation under control (Gilb 2005). A team consisting of senior management must be formed, called the process improvement team who must get down to the root cause of the problem. The effective management of quality not only creates value for an organization and its stakeholders but also manages its exposure to risk and can distinguish the difference between failure and success (Gilb 2005). Conclusion A properly implemented and effective quality management system identifies and manages the possible organizational risks. This ensures the organization consistently delivers the product and services which must be continually improved through inventions and innovations. Partnerships and the supply chain are also to deliver value to the parties involved, without compromising on the quality of the product. There is a continuous change in the trends of customer needs and competitions also make many organizations go back to the drawing board more frequently. Quality management addresses the risk by identifying and quantifying the risks involved. Whether the management focus is on improving business efficiency, managing risk or understanding customer needs, then understanding customer needs, application of principles of quality is paramount. As a result of the quality assurance the organization realized high sales, the company once gain met its competitive edge. Customers were also more satisfied. Reference List Feigenbaum V. A.,1991. Total Quality Control, Revised (3 rd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. Gilb, T., 2005. Competitive Engineering (2 nd Ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Wallace, S. L., 1999-2007. Quality Management 1:1-5.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Summary of Standard Costing and Variances Essay Variance analysis is an essential phenomenon in managerial accounting since it offers many benefits. In the video by SusanCrosson (2007), the presenter mentions that the reasons for using this analysis are that it leads to better management and allows managers to ask more appropriate questions. These questions should demonstrate why variances occur, which leads to better understanding and control over a situation. I can offer a few arguments to explain that this analysis can help managers make more informed decisions. Firstly, variance analysis can reveal that an organization fails to achieve the expected goals, which forces managers to make decisions to improve the situation. Secondly, the given approach is practical since it allows one to manage risks efficiently. It is so because this analysis can introduce controllable and uncontrollable variances, and this information helps choose suitable responses when it is possible to mitigate threats. Furthermore, Standard Costing is another essential phenomenon that can lead to better planning. Since SusanCrosson (2007) states that 95% of businesses rely on this approach, it is necessary to explain how it can lead to better decision-making. On the one hand, this strategy allows managers to calculate standard costs and compare them to actual ones. If this process discovers a variance between the two values, which happens when actual costs exceed standard ones, managers should investigate why the variable occurred and how to overcome it. On the other hand, calculating standard costs means that managers and organizations can deal with predetermined expenses. As a result, this information can be used for further planning and budgeting based on the calculated estimates. Managers can use this approach to identify whether it is reasonable and profitable to introduce any changes. Thus, the two examples have demonstrated that Standard Costing can lead to improved decision making. Reference SusanCrosson. (2007). Standard costing 6 recap variances [Video]. YouTube.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
+ In 1997, she received an honorary degree, Doctor of Humanities from New England College. * Her article, “On Psychological Oppression”. On psychological oppression * Bartky quotes Fanon and says that colonialism had psychological effects on the colonized (mainly the blacks). * Despite being white, Bartky complains of being psychologically alienated. * The psychological effects of sexist oppression resemble those of racism and colonialism. * Oppress is to weigh down or exercise harsh dominion over people economically, politically and psychologically. * Psychological oppression is to have a harsh dominion exercised over your self-esteem and make the victims their own oppressors. * It makes work of oppressors easy by breaking spirits of the dominated by rendering them incapable of understanding the nature of those agencies responsible for their subjugation. * The economically and politically oppressed are themselves psychologically oppressive. * The experiences of oppression falls into three categories: + Stereotyping; + Cultural domination; + Sexual objectification. * Black men and women of all races have been victims of sexual stereotyping. * White women have also been seen as incapable and incompetent. * Female stereotypes threaten the autonomy of women both by their existence and by their content. * Women are now learning to identify and struggle against the forces that have laid the psychic burdens upon them. * Women had also become victims of cultural domination, under male manifested supremacy. * The women of color face male dominance and racism. * Women of all races and ethnicities are subject to stereotyping, cultural depreciation and sexual objectification. * Many oppressed persons come to regard themselves as uniquely unable to satisfy normal criteria of psychological health or moral adequacy. * Bartky argues that women ought not to look ‘pretty and attractive’ for the sake of mere men but for the sake of beauty. * Much has been written about alienation, but Marx’s theory of alienation speaks most compellingly about feminist political theory. * All modes of oppression serve to maintain a vast system of privileges including those of race, sex and class. * Class oppression encourages those who are higher in hierarchies of race or gender to cling to a false sense of superiority. * All forms oppression support each other and it’s difficult for any form of oppression to disappear entirely unless the system of oppression as a whole is overthrown.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Ethical Issues of the Information Age Essay Richard Mason (1986) summarizes the most important ethical issues of the information age in a single acronym – PAPA (privacy, accuracy, property, accessibility). Privacy stands for the level of exposure of personal information to other users. Accuracy refers to the accountability for errors in information and the subsequent choice of the person to blame. Property deals with the question of ownership of information and the means of its transmission. Finally, accessibility underscores the opportunity and conditions of obtaining information. Analyzing real-life examples is essential in understanding the exact nature of each ethical issue. I personally experienced the inadvertent invasion of privacy when a professor instructed students to bring laptops for presentations. We connected the laptops to a projector in order to make the audience see the slides for themselves. Unfortunately, everyone also observed the layout of the desktop, which contained numerous shortcuts, some of which were of delicate nature. This situation was also indicative of access problems, as the lack of computer equipment in the classroom forced the students and the professor to use their own devices. Had there been a computer provided by the administration, no violation of privacy or the necessity to resort to personal gadgets would have taken place. Another episode highlights the issues of accuracy and property of information. At some point, I had to take a seasonal job with an employer who paid most of my salary in cash in order to minimize taxes. However, when I contacted him for subsequent tax deductions, I suddenly realized that most of the transactions were never officially registered, which was a violation of accuracy. I tried to learn how much money he had actually saved by paying in cash. However, my employer framed my inquiry as a violation of his informational property, which was completely reasonable. Reference Mason, R. O. (1986). Four ethical issues of the information age. MIS Quarterly , 5-12.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
According to historians, Judaism history has been marked by violence and conflicts. In the Old Testament, the Bible details how the Jews fought with other communities to secure their lands. Currently, there are ongoing conflicts between the Jews and the Arabs neighbors. Analysts argue that the ongoing wars between the Jews and the Arabs communities are fuelled by the desires of the conservative Israelites who want to reclaim their promised land as claimed in the Bible. According to these Jewish extremists, their violent acts have been justified in their religious doctrines (Walters 2000, p. 34). This paper focuses on the recent act of violence committed by the Jewish extremists. In August 2012, several incidences of settler attacks were experienced in the West Bank. The Jewish extremists were blamed for these attacks. During the attacks, the extremists torched, vandalized, and destroyed several Palestinian properties. Similarly, during the conflicts, a Palestinian taxi was attacked injuring six passengers. Following the attacks, domestic activists and the international community condemned the radical acts. According to the Jewish extremists, only the Israelites should settle in the West Bank. The presence of Palestinians in this region has fuelled enmity between the Jewish extremists and the Palestine extremists. Owing to this, the recent violence is attributed to the tension between the two communities. In the West Bank, Israeli settlers believe that they are religiously entitled to the land. According to such individuals, present Israel is the biblical Promised Land. Jewish extremists attribute their violent acts to a religious law that urges individuals whose properties have been stolen to repossess them by force. It is through this religious law, that the extremists justify their unlawful acts against the Arab settlers as legitimate (Juergensmeyer 2000, p. 148). According to them, the Arabs have stolen their land, thus, they have to get it back by force. Jewish extremists believe that their violent attacks on their enemies will one day help them reclaim their alleged stolen land. In this regard, their religious wars and acts of terrorism are considered commands from God. Another major religious justification of this violence is a covenant. Israelis extremists argue that the Bible reveals how God made an everlasting covenant with their descendant Abraham. Through this covenant, God promised Israelis the land of Israel. By misinterpreting this biblical verse, Jewish extremist groups argue that Israel will never be peaceful until it expels Arabs in its territories. Through this argument, extremists believe that the democratic leaders who have been against their actions are not pure Israelis and that they are foreigners who are only interested in satisfying their interests. Through the above examples, we realize that the Jewish extremists have many reasons to legitimize their violent acts. According to the group members, they are entitled to self-defense just as the government is entitled to safeguard its citizens from an external attack. Occasionally, settler attacks on Palestinian are legitimized as self-defense acts. Equally, through the rights of free speech fundamentalist groups such as Jewish extremists have been able to propagate hate speeches. This implies that the rights to free speech should be restructured to ensure that no one abuses them and though consequences are put in place to punish the offenders. Like all other religious extremists, Jewish extremists will always find ways to legitimize their violent acts against the Arabs. This implies that they will always use selective scriptures to justify their illegalities (Rapoport & Alexander 1982, p. 45). Recently the US considered the group proceeds as acts of terrorism. In this regard, all the relevant authorities must work together to ensure that such violence is condemned and prevented in the future. References Juergensmeyer, M. 2000. Terror in the mind of God: the global rise of religious violence . : University of California Press. Berkeley. Rapoport, D. C., & Alexander, Y. 1982. The Morality of terrorism: religious and secular justifications . : Pergamon Press. New York. Walters, J. 2000. One Aryan nation under God: exposing the new racial extremists . : Pilgrim Press. Cleveland, Ohio.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
This is a type of thinking that results in the production of several ideas from one single entity. All the ideas may not be workable, but from amongst them, one can find a new and refreshing solution. It requires ‘thinking outside the box’ since the conventional route will not yield desired results. In the case of the double-circle problem, one is required to draw two parallel circles- one small one inside a large one- without lifting the writing instrument. Clearly, this is not a problem that one can solve using conventional methods of thinking. One needs to consider all possible ways of handling the problem. The instructions state that one cannot lift one’s pen, but they do not state that one cannot rearrange one’s paper. Through creative thinking, one immediately realizes that the problem is easily solvable when one changes the paper. Therefore, one can start by drawing the inner circle; that is, start with a line from one point and then go round and back to the starting point. After drawing this first inner circle, one should keep the writing instrument (pen) at the starting point and then use the other hand to fold the paper on which one is drawing the diagram. It should be noted that for this method to work, one should draw the circles near any of the four corners of the paper. After folding one corner of the paper into a triangular shape, the tip of the fold should meet the pen or drawing instrument. One can then move the pen outward through the folded bit and when one gets to the unfolded part, one can draw a bigger circle around the small one. However, this will leave some space, in the outer circle, equal to the folded bit. To overcome this problem, one should unfold the corner (while still keeping the pen on the paper) and then complete the outer circle. Types of organizational problems that require this type of thinking Organizations often deal with scenarios where they have to solve difficult problems even after exhausting all logical avenues. In such scenarios, they will need to use creative thinking to get out of such dilemmas. For instance when a battery manufacturing company has made and sold a whole line of batteries that leak, it could face the possibility of loosing all its clients owing to this error. However, if members of the firm think of creative ways to correct the problems, then they can turn that disastrous event into an insignificant one. They may think about changing the name of the battery and recalling all the faulty ones. Besides this, they can implement a new quality system and then remarket the new ones as fault proof. Additionally, organizations require creative thinking when introducing new products in the market or when starting up. Entrepreneurs use divergent thinking methods in order to determine new ways of generating value from available resources. One person may look at stockings and think of nothing new about them; however, the entrepreneur may create something significantly different by introducing stockings with an additional leg that can be folded and tucked between the other two legs when one is wearing them. The third, folded one can be exchanged for a torn one when the situation arises. Such a person has introduced something significantly different, and he or she can only do that when using divergent creative thinking. In addition to solving difficult organizational problems and starting new businesses, companies can also use creative thinking when introducing new products. IBM introduced its 1981 PC to the market by letting its engineers create a completely different computer using a series of start up materials. As a result, this model revolutionized the computer industry and made the PC a mass product.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Proposed Solution 2. Hardware Requirements 3. Software Requirements 4. Training and Maintenance 5. Reference List Proposed Solution Lead Fashion Designers is a medium fashion retailer organization whose headquarter is in London. The company operates stores in UK, France, USA and Germany. It has over 70 stores located in these countries. It also supplies its clothes through other high street stores which it does not considered as its major stores. It orders its materials from China, Morocco and Vietnam. The clothes are mainly sewn under strict guidelines in Brazil, Greece, Mexico and Bulgaria. All the stores make their orders through their head office which is located in London every three months. The head office then makes appropriate orders from its suppliers. The company has expanded greatly recently and thus experiencing a lot of challenges in maintaining its inventories, accounting, tracking sales as well as in its logistics. The company orders approximately 50,000 men’s shirts, 200,000 pair of men’s trousers, 350,000 dresses and 300,000 skirts every three months. Its high market share has been its main challenge as the company has failed to meet its high demand for clothes. The failure to deliver adequate clothes has made most of its customers to be extremely unhappy. Lack of appropriate information system is the reason behind the challenges the company is experiencing (Rainer & Cegielski, 2011). Therefore, the company has opted to adopt an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system to overcome its shortcomings. An ERP is a solution that integrates all data and processes of an enterprise into a single information system. The adoption of ERP solution will help the company to have function-specific components that will make it possible to track order entry, accounts payable, purchase, accounts receivable as well as distributions and logistics. ERP solutions require different hardware and software to ensure it has a seamless integration (Webmasters, 2012). Hardware Requirements When Lead Fashion Designers management will be budgeting for an ERP solution, it is important for them to remember to consider that ERP system is resource intensive as per RAM, processor as well as the disk requirements. It is mainly advisable for ERP users to make sure that they adopt two servers which make it possible to separate database and application processes. The separation of the application server from database server will make it possible for Lead fashion Designers’ customers to access the application server where they can make their queries as well as facilitate them to place their orders accordingly. Likewise, the database server will help the management to track the procurement processes accordingly in order to make sure that enough clothes are delivered to meet their customers demand. The database server will solely be used for internal purposes. To monitor the sales, orders, inventories as well as in conducting appropriate logistics for forecast purposes (Williamson, 2010). The following are the hardware requirements for the ERP system Topology Hardware Database Optimal concurrent users Max concurrent users Bandwidth EC2 instance Cost Single server Dual Core, 2 GB RAM, disk10000 rpm PostgreSQL 3 20 2Mbps m1.small $ 10,000 Single server Core 2 Duo, 3 GB RAM, disk 10000 rpm Oracle standard Enterprise editions 20 40 4Mbps c1.medium $ 20,000 2 UPS $1000 Back Ups $ 1000 Modem $ 500 The ERP system adopted by Lead Fashion Designers will be enabled to the existing computer system and configured accordingly. The system will require to be supported by an internet connection in order to enable users to access the system from wherever they are in order to facilitate transactions. Connecting the ERP over the internet will help the management at Lead Fashion Designers head office to be able to track orders, delivery, distributions, sales as well as distributions. In addition, the management will be in a better position to track past sales and execute appropriate logistics in order to predict the future performance of the business. Forecasting will greatly help the company to establish appropriate infrastructure to cope with future business requirements. The management can dedicate the less power server for internal purposes and the more powerful one for application purposes (Webmasters, 2012).). Software Requirements Lead Fashion Designers management can either opt to adopt Microsoft or Linux operating systems. They can opt to use Microsoft operating software such as windows XP, Vista or 2000. Alternatively, they can decide to use Linux software such as ubuntu, Gentoo or rpath. The management should also consider adopting appropriate security software in order to make sure unauthorized users are not able to access the database server which contains sensitive company data. Security software will enable Lead Fashion Designers outside users’ to access the application server over the internet, while keeping them from accessing the critical data that is contained in database server. The following are the software requirements for the ERP. Software Brand Quantity Price Widow 2000 Microsoft 2 $ 500 XP Microsoft 2 $ 600 Ubuntu Linux 2 $ 200 AVG AVG ltd 2 $200 Firefox Microsoft 2 $ 500 Training and Maintenance The vendor that will be given the order to supply Lead Fashion Designers with ERP solutions will be responsible for training its employees on how to use the ERP solutions. In addition, the vendor will also provide free maintenance services to Lead Fashion Designers Company for one year. The maintenance services that will be provided will entail sending technicians to the company’s offices or giving Lead Fashion Employees technical supports online. Reference List Rainer, R. K., & Cegielski, C. G. (2011). Introduction to Information Systems: Supporting and Transforming Business (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Webmasters. (2012). Enterprise Resource Planning . Web. Williamson, P. (2010). Hardware Requirements for an ERP . New York: Prentice Hall.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Cigar Smoking and Relation to Disease Essay (Critical Writing) Table of Contents 1. Summary 2. Significance of Study 3. Impact on Society 4. Conclusion 5. References Summary The article “Effect of cigar smoking on the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer in Men” by Iribarren et al. (1999) is a longitudinal study of cigar smokers and the impact of cigar smoking on the men in terms of different diseases. According to the article, cigar smoking had declined during the 1970s but again in the early 90s the trend was reversed as more and more people started smoking cigars. The reason for this increase is because cigars are considered relatively safer then cigarettes, secondly because of media hype about cigar as something glamorous. This research was a cohort study of 17, 774 men between the ages of 20 and 85, all of these men were enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente health plan. They all of these men did not smoke cigarettes or pipe. 1546 men cigar smokers, while 16, 228 did not smoke cigars. These men were followed from 1991 to the end of 1995 and in the case of cancer patients till 1996. According to the study cigar smokers as compared to non-smokers are at a higher risk of coronary heart disease, COPD and cancers of upper aero-digestive tracts. In addition this study has also shown that there is a synergistic relationship between cigar smoking and alcohol consumption with an added risk of cancer. However this increase in risks is moderate though significant, therefore the increase in cigar smoking is a cause for concern. Significance of Study Iribarren et al. (1999) state that the concentration of previous researches has been on cigarette smoking and cigar smoking has been ignored to a large extent. While the studies that have concentrated on cigar smokers in the past, have given mixed results. Some studies have found a relationship between cigar smokers and increased risk of heart disease, while others have found no significant relationship between cigar smokers and heart disease. One study according to Iribarren et al. (1999) concludes that the degree of inhalation also determines the increased risks of these diseases. With this background it appears that this particular study is important because it focuses on the impact of cigar smoking on men with respect to a range of diseases, including coronary heart disease, COPD, and cancer of upper aero-digestive tracts. This study is about regular smokers and its significance is in terms of increased risk for cigar smokers. But infrequent cigar smoker cannot be made a part of this group. This study had a large sample and it was longitudinal in its approach following the sample over a number of years. In addition since the medical records of all the participants were available the bias was also minimized. Secondly since all of the respondents had equal access to similar healthcare the health status and socioeconomic status were not important. This study is able to clarify the confusion from different outcomes of previous studies, particularly in the case of men, as it is able to conclude that cigar smoking does lead to an increased risk of various diseases mentioned before. Impact on Society This paper is important in its conclusion, and in terms of its impact on society, it makes it is clear that the recent increase in cigar smoking is definitely a cause for concern as cigar smoking does lead to moderate increase in risks of coronary heart disease, COPD, and cancer of upper aero-digestive tracts in the case of men. This study has concentrated on men and as the methodology shows that a majority of the men are from the middle class while both the lower and upper classes are underrepresented. If men believe that cigar smoking is safe –as individuals don’t generally tend to inhale the cigar smoke—however the study shows that it does have health risks associated with it. And more importantly the complementary relationship between alcohol consumption and cigar smoking can increase the risk. This study is important as it creates awareness not only within the medical community but different advocacy groups can use it to create awareness about the risks of cigar smoking particularly in men. Conclusion Previously it was believed that cigars not as harmful as cigarettes. This conclusion was based on the assumption that since the smoke is not inhaled therefore the impact of cigar smoking is minimal. However this study shows that men who smoke cigars are at a higher risk for not only heart and lung diseases but also for different types of cancers. References Iribarren, C, Tekawa, I S, Sidney, S and Friedman, G D. (1999). Effect of Cigar Smoking on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Cancer in Men, NEJM , 340(23), p. 1773-1780.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Polar Bear Survival/ Decline Report The article by Evan Richardson discusses how environmental variation influences animal traits and population dynamics; he used polar bear as the sample case of animals. Changes in the environment, climatic patterns and global warming have resulted to threatened animal plant and human life. Global warming has affected polar life with the bear as the most affected; melting of ice and snow has denied the animal a place to hunt, travel, mate, and live. The writer is of the view that when temperatures have changed, they are having a direct influence on polar life as the habitation of the animals’ changes with melting of snow and ice caps. The article is a sample of a peer reviewed journal that is written and research according to how a typical academic work should be represented; with the structure, other than the journal discussing an important topic in modern industrialized world, it offers readers the structure of a well-written research material. After reading the article, someone is able to connect the reasons learnt in class and how they can be applied in real life situations. Sampling design The sample population came from polar bears conducted in Hudson Bays during the time that the bears come ashore; the period when they are ashore is when the ices have reduced in volume, it is mostly mid-July to mid- November of every year. The sample population was appropriate considering the limitations that the study was faced with; other than the actual sample, the researcher went further can considered other researches that had been done earlier. The research was able to capture bears of different ages, gender, pregnant ones among others; this made the sample a representative of the situation on the ground. The main cause of error and biasness in the research might have been when collecting the samples since they were collected from the bears that were coming onshore; there are high chances that there were other animals up the shores that were not considered creating a large room for speculation and generalization. The validity and reliability of the samples and the population is questionable; the sample was collected from a small number of animals who came offshore , then used for generalization. Data collection The writer collected secondary and primary data’s, the main source of the materials was from previous researches that scholars had taken on the issue and the primary research that was conducted on the animals that came onshore. Another way that information should be collected from primary sources is visiting the polar areas and having some data collection; it possible a certain area that have bears of a certain character or species living should be visited more than once in a span of three years and information collected be analyzed and used to make the final verdict. When collecting data, researchers should uphold high levels of ethical conduct, the most important one is to ensure they have collected information from the right population after having sort relevant licenses and permission. When they have collected the data, they should be willing to share and use it for the general good; when a research has been conducted, there is a certain population that is expected to benefit; it is thus ethical to put on measures that ensure the intended people get the information when required (Richardson, 2009). Reference Richardson, E. (2009). Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Life History and Population Dynamics in a Changing Climate. InfoNorth, 62(4),491-494.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Health Care Systems of the Developed World by Duane Matcha Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Overview of the main ideas 3. Critical analysis 4. Conclusion Introduction In Health Care Systems of the Developed World , Duance Matcha describes the various factors of the economic, societal, and political nature that affect the health care systems of the countries belonging to the developed world in different ways. The author’s purpose is to relay the information about the factors of the status quo of the modern health care systems in the developed countries and to convince the readers that there are a number of issues concerning the integrity and the differences between the different systems. Overview of the main ideas The countries studied by Matcha in Health Care Systems of the Developed World include The United States, The United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Sweden, and Japan. On one hand, all of those countries are classified as belonging to the developed world. However, on the other hand, it is important that they also all have slightly different health care systems. Thus, the health care systems represented in the study vary from the market-maximized to market-minimized from the economic perspective and are dependent on the gender, racial and social class factors from the societal point of view. Considering the political environment of the majority of the developed countries, Matcha believes that political attitudes and confrontation between the conservative forces and their oppositions will also become more influential in terms of changing the system of health care. As a result, according to Matcha, conservative forces can be expected to encourage privatization in the sector of health care to make it more market-regulated. However, regardless of the political background, the structural demands of the health care systems of developed countries are very similar. That is why it is more important to analyze differences between the health care systems in those countries to understand which strategies should be further implemented in health care and which should be eschewed. In this context, Matcha refuses the belief that the introduction of computer-based technologies is the only common feature that will lead to the integration of the health care systems of the developed countries. First of all, Matcha reflects on the subject of the market orientation of the health care systems within the spectrum between the systems of The United Kingdom and The United States. Matcha criticizes the American health care system on a few issues. Most importantly, it is financed through a number of different organizations, including the insurance companies, managed health care organizations (privately owned hospitals and clinics) and some of the governmentally sponsored programs. Overall, in comparison to the other developed countries, Matcha suggests that the prevalence of private ownership of the health care system of The United States can be associated with the lesser access to the medical care among the citizens. In the United Kingdom, the model of the health care system called National Health Service (NHS) is designed to provide each of the citizens with the health care package. Hence, it has an advantage of the government paying for the health service of its citizens, and the expenses are covered by the general taxes. However, Matcha defines the significant disadvantages of such health care system, which include the large queues for the treatment and, even more importantly, the fact that the system is too much centralized and dependent on the government. Nevertheless, the similar model of the organizational structure of health care was later followed by Sweden and Canada. However, in the latter, due to the territorial differences, the system is more decentralized, and there is more room for health care system management within the community. Matcha reasonably suggests that such approach neutralizes one of the flaws typical for some other health care systems in the developed countries. Critical analysis One of the most significant advantages of the comparison of the different health care systems created by Matcha is the variety of the criteria the author includes in the research. For defying the difference of accessibility of the medical care and health service in the developed countries, Matcha uses the sociological factors, such as social class, sex, age, race, and ethnicity. Meanwhile, political and economic factors are analyzed to identify the reasons for the certain issues in the different health care systems. In such a way, the author creates a comprehensive background of the modern historical context of the health care system in the developed countries. Moreover, the book describes the ways, in which systems used in different countries influenced one another throughout the process of their historical development. However, Matcha also provides the possible paths of the further development of the health care systems. The author’s prediction is that the countries of the developed world can be all expected to accept the very similar model of health care system since the model existing in The United States shows more flaws than the others. Nevertheless, the author did not succeed in proving that the political situations in those countries will be a lesser factor than the need for the structural integrity of the health care systems. Conclusion Overall, the book provides the comprehensive analysis of the historical context of the health care systems development in the first-world countries. The author supports with evidence the original idea that, although of the industrialized society will face certain challenges in the twenty-first century, there are some signs of the new integration between the health care systems of the different countries.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
“The Book Thief” by Markus Zusak Essay (Critical Writing) The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is an extraordinary story that chooses to use death as a narrator of the story. The story centers on Liesel Meminger, a foster girl who lives with her foster parents outside of Munich. The story is staged during World War II in Germany. The relationship of Death with this girl is extraordinary, and the story revolves around a trait in this girl which makes her a passionate book thief. This trait in Liesel evolves the strings of relationships in the book which connects the characters. Liesel carves out an interest and sparks in her life by stealing books which she cannot resist. She learns to read with the help of her accordion player foster father Hans Hubermann. She also shares her treasure with children during the times of bombing when they are confined. She also develops a reciprocal relationship with Jewish man Max Vandenburg, who lives in hiding in the basement of their home. He helps her create a new book by painting and drawing on one of the old books. The exposition of the story told by death revolves around these three main characters within the story. The conflict arises when Rosa the mother interferes in the peaceful harmony of the father Hubermann and daughter Liesel and calls them names like ‘pigs’. The bloodshed, concentration camps, and bombings divert the mind from the soulful world of the books to the harsh reality which death exposes. The climax is reached when Liesel finds herself forced into one of Hitler’s Youth Uniforms and has the opportunity to steal the book “Main Kampf” which becomes one of the most important books in her life. The book first helps to save a young Jewish man named Max Vandenburg, who is hidden by Hubermann’s. Max develops a growing relationship with Liesel as he gradually paints the pages of the book and creates with new illustrations a new book for Liesel. This helps evolve an everlasting relationship between Liesel and Max. The falling action is the commentary made by the death, which reveals the claustrophobic outlook in which stealing is the part of the life that sustains the chord of ongoing action in the novel. The story revolves around the Nazi regime and the actions to help defend against the holocaust. The desired building in Max’s mind to fight is the sign of resolution which evolves in the society where fighting has been the surface issue. The Book Thief addresses the issue of fighting as the source of survival and a sign of weakness. Fighting is shown in all its complexity. The resolution is seen in the dream where Max is fighting the Fuhrer. In the end, when he manages to strike Hitler, the fists of the entire nation attack him and he cannot fight them all. The book understands that winners often lose. The real resolution comes from the fact that Death as the narrator is soft and gentle in its narration and has a very intimate relationship in the portrayal of the heroine of the story Liesel, who is embodied as the symbol of hope amidst darkness. She grows into a good and generous person despite exposure to innumerable suffering and misery all around her. She evolves into a human being who is adored and admired even by death. The power of hope and light which is shown in the character of Liesel is unquestionable faith which you hang on to in the midst of scarcity, battle, and brutality which has been the backdrop of the story. Liesel is the shining beacon of light that can help dispel darkness from all major protagonists’ life with the soulful use of the books…which feed the souls.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The literature that calls handwriting a necessary learning tool is extremely outdated. The information that one writes down himself is more easily remembered, and it helps to develop thinking. However, the process of typing is quite similar and not as repetitive. Our society is always changing, and most students do not use handwriting at home. It is not surprising that they prefer to use tablets, laptops, and smartphones as tools of communication. Kids are growing up in a new age, and their ability to use technologies is exceptional (Penhorwood, para. 18). Education cannot stay the same and teachers must be ready to accept such changes. Schools should not focus on handwriting because it is no longer as necessary as it used to be and should new learning techniques. Work Cited Penhorwood, Claire. Does Handwriting Have a Place in Today’s Tech-driven Classrooms? 2012 Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Experiential Hospitality and Emotional Intelligence Essay The Kimpton Hotels under the initiative GLBT (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender) sends a message of accommodation, comfort, and sensitivity towards persons from diverse groups (Andrew Freeman & Company, n.d.). On the other hand, the Christian hoteliers seem to send a message of rigidity and dogmatism that is bound to interfere with the comfort and general feelings of the targeted groups (Hirsch, 2011). In my opinion, the viewpoint of Kimpton hotel is more sensible because it portrays sensitivity towards the clientele. Sensitivity to the specific needs of GLBT sends a general message that the hotel has the capacity to anticipate, respect, and fulfill the needs of clientele through a personalized approach. On the other hand, Christian hoteliers may appear to be prejudicial and limiting in their capacity to meet the needs of their clients. Discrimination of any form in the contemporary world is viewed upon as uncultured, insensitive, and uncivilized. Such an image is even worse for an institution that is operating in the hospitality industry, where the capacity to anticipate and attend to the specific needs of clientele is the generalized hallmark of the industry. Sexual harassment, in general, is a difficult situation to deal with due to the social and cultural disparities that make defining the offense difficult. However, the situation is worse in the hospitality industry, where according to Gilbert, Guerrier & Guy, employees are usually expected to attend to the needs of customers sometimes beyond expectations. Evidently, some customers are bound to either take advantage of or confuse the hospitality and warmth accorded to them and consequently make sexual advances at the employees (1998, p.49). In essence, sexual harassment is more common in the hospitality industry, and the complications it presents might be more difficult to deal with. Although I have never experienced sexual harassment or heard a colleague of mine complain, in my previous work experience, the manager ensured that there were strict policies to discourage and deal with sexual harassment in the workplace. Unlike other managers who take sides with the customer in such situations, my manager ensured that the cases were handled professionally and fairly. Customers who were found to be in the habit of sexually harassing employees were blacklisted and or legal actions were taken against them, depending on the severity of the harassment. As a manager, I would ensure that employees are sensitized on issues regarding sexual harassment. In addition, I would ensure that employees are taught techniques they can use to discourage harassment and the proper channels they can use in case they are harassed. In case an employee is sexually harassed by a guest, I would make sure that the guest is confronted and made to apologize directly to the employee. Repeated cases may lead to blacklisting of the guest. Action should be taken against sexual harassment in the hospitality industry because sexual harassment costs the industry closes to $67 million annually in terms of absenteeism and low productivity (Gilbert, Guerrier & Guy, 1998, p.51). The resort industry is experiencing age diversity among its workforce increases the likelihood of persons from different generations working at the same level within an organization (Rood, 2010, p.81). The resort industry should, therefore, ensure that an organization places the different generations in situations where they are bound to complement each other rather than conflict with each other. For instance, Rood outlines that older generations have loyalty to the company and are more dedicated to their responsibilities, while younger generations are motivated by their image outside their workplace, and their loyalty lies with the boss rather than the company (2002, p.85). Therefore, resorts should encourage the younger generations to work in teams to boost their sense of belonging in the company, and the older generations can be given assignments that call for extreme dedication and sacrifice. Due to their different needs, people from different generations should be treated differently with regard to these needs. However, being treated differently should not infringe on the rights of either group or appear discriminatory. Reference List Andrew Freeman & Company n.d., Kimpton Hotels Case Study: Outreach to the GLBT (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender) Market . Web. Gilbert, D., Guerrier, Y. & Guy, J 1998, ‘Sexual harassment issues in the hospitality Industry’ , International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 48-53. Web. Hirsch, A 2011, ‘Gay Couple’s Hotel Battle is Latest Case of Religion Clashing with Human Rights’ , The Guardia. Web. Rood, A 2010, ‘Understanding generational diversity in the workplace: what Resorts can and are doing’, Journal of Tourism Insights , Vol.1, no. 1, pp. 80-88. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The discussed case was initiated by Richard J. Homar, a former police officer who, while still holding this position, was charged with a drug felony, causing his employer, East Stroudsburg University (ESU), to suspend the man without pay. The main issue stated by the respondent is the violation of the due process, which usually contains a predetermination hearing that would allow the man to tell his side of the story and timely notice before suspension coming into effect. Homar filed a suit under the civil action for deprivation of rights against ESU petitioners and claimed that their failure to notify him and allow him to tell his story violated the process of suspension. Before the incident, Homar was employed at the university as a police officer. ESU is a part of Pennsylvania’s State System of Education ( Gilbert v. Homar , 1997). On August 26, Homar was arrested by the state police and charged with drug possession and a conspiracy to violate the controlled substance law. Upon being informed about Homar’s arrest, ESU officials decided to suspend the respondent without notice. Homar received a letter about his suspension a day after it has started. It remained in effect after the official investigation dismissed the respondent’s charges, and Homar was able to present his story on September 18. However, the information shared with the officials did not allow him to defend himself adequately. As a result, Homar was demoted and subjected to receiving back pay for the period of suspension. Notably, the court discussed the definition of a predetermination hearing, stating that its primary purpose is to establish a reason for a suspension. The case explores the issue of whether the state violates the due process stated in the Fourteenth Amendment if it fails to provide a predetermination hearing and a timely notice to a public employee before suspending him/her without pay. Here, the rule of law is the Due Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, which states that government officials cannot deprive individuals of life, property, or freedoms without any legally confirmed authorization. Based on the given facts, the court noted that the respondent’s occupation significantly impacted the overall state of public trusting and respecting police officers. Therefore, if the ESU officials did not react to the accusations in time, the reputation of the state’s officials could have been damaged. Thus, a predetermination hearing was unnecessary as the police have already charged Homar. Moreover, the court concluded that the time during which Homar was suspended was not long, and the pay was provided to him after the suspension was lifted. Thus, his claims of being deprived of a vital necessity were not supported. The court ruled that a predetermination hearing is not required when sufficient reasons for suspending the employee exist. Impact of the Case The case of Gilbert v. Homar (1997) had a significant effect on the court’s understating of the predetermination hearing and its reasons. First of all, the court decided that preliminary discussions have one primary purpose – to understand whether employers have substantial evidence that fully supports the suspension or resignation of an individual under the investigation. Therefore, the respondent was able to construct a case that his rights were violated. However, as the court pointed out, the drug raid by state police has already claimed against the respondent, and they accused him of a felony – a serious and valid reason for a person to be suspended. Although the accusation was later dismissed, the fact that a police officer could even be potentially engaged in unlawful practices could severely damage the state of public trust. Thus, the court concluded that a pre-suspension hearing is unnecessary if there is a sufficient reason for it to come into effect immediately. Second, the idea of people’s personal needs was also explored as a result. As stated in the Fourteenth Amendment, people have the right to be notified of their wrongdoings prior to being deprived of a living essential such as property or freedom. In this case, the respondent claimed that pay which he was not receiving during the suspension was a vital part of his everyday life. However, the court noted that the time period of Homar not receiving pay was not long, and, in the end, he was given the amount of money he would earn while working as a police officer. Furthermore, the respondent’s question of whether he should have been suspended with pay was dismissed as well, as the court concluded that taxpayers’ money should not go towards an officer betraying the public trust by violating the law. These two conclusions show that unlawful behavior of employees may deprive them of the right to be notified before being suspended, as it acts as a sufficient reason and eliminates the need for hearing their opinion at the beginning of an investigation. Moreover, one’s suspension is separated from termination as a less serious and temporary issue, which, therefore, reduces the importance of a preliminary hearing. As the ability of the respondent to retain most of his health benefits was used as an argument in the case, it also shows that money may not be the main determining factor for further court decisions (Lee, 1998). As a result, the due process was explored in the case, affecting all future decisions to consider the reasons behind and the severity of employers’ decisions. References Gilbert v. Homar, 520 U.S. 924 (1997). Lee, R. D. (1998). The murky world of due process in disciplining public employees: The Supreme Court’s ruling in Gilbert v. Homar. Journal of Individual Employment Rights , 7 (3), 247-261.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
According to the company, there are more than 98 million subscribers as of 2017 (Netflix 2). In this paper, the company will be analyzed using PESTEL framework. The firm performance will also be discussed. PESTEL The political factors that can influence the company are the following: government regulations on online content distribution and copyright regulations. Government regulations can present both opportunities and threats; if online distribution is supported and not seen as a substitute to national television, Netflix will be able to continue its functioning successfully. Nevertheless, any issues with copyright materials can lead to lawsuits that will negatively influence company’s image and operations in particular countries. Economic factors that affect Netflix ability to function efficiently and expand include disposable income and economic stability of a state. For example, Netflix’s users in Malaysia use its services if their disposable income allows them to purchase additional subscriptions (Lobato and Meese 151). At the same time, any economic instabilities and downfalls will lead to decreased subscription rates because users will mostly spend their money on necessities. Social factors that influence the company include the age of the population, cultural and societal changes. It is more popular among millennials and members of the generation Z but can be adversely influenced by the aging population (Matrix 122). Societal and cultural changes can lead to decreased interest in binge watching, which can also negatively affect the company. Technological factor that presents both threats and opportunities is Netflix’s use of big data and recommendations. On the one hand, it can gather more valuable information using big data from its customers. On the other hand, big data often causes privacy concerns that negatively influence customers’ willingness to use the service (Amatriain 2). Environmental factors are also to be considered by Netflix. The company should focus on its impact on the environment; data hubs and services can negatively influence the surroundings and lead to the increased utilization of resources (electricity). The company does not publish data about its impact on renewable energy consumption (Boboltz par. 6). Legal factors such as changes in regulations, restrictions of online broadcasting, and high charges of streaming services can negatively influence Netflix and interfere with its expansion both in the USA and outside of it. Firm Performance Although the company has to compete with such serious rivals as Amazon and Hulu, its expansion continues to progress. The company ensured its success with self-produced shows such as House of Cards or streaming of cable TV shows for those users who missed the show (Monica par. 2). According to Monica, Netflix stock “has soared more than 535%” since 2011 (par. 8). The company also decided to charge the newer users with $8.99 instead of $7.99; this innovation was expected to increase the company’s revenues (Monica par. 12). The company states that its “revenue for the international segment grew 62% year over year” (Netflix 1). Furthermore, the company’s revenues during the first, second, and third quarters of 2016 continued to grow, and in the first quarter of 2016, the company added 5 million members (Netflix 1). As it can be seen, despite competing with strong rivals in the market, Netflix continues to be a highly successful company that is able to increase its revenues and add more subscribers every year. Works Cited Amatriain, Xavier. Big & Personal: Data and Models behind Netflix Recommendations . 2013, Boboltz, Sara. “Greenpeace Says Netflix Binge-Watching May Not Be Good For The Environment.” Huffington Post, 11 Jan. 2017, Lobato, Ramon, and James Meese. Geoblocking and Global Video Culture . Institute of Network Cultures, 2016. Matrix, Sidneyeve. “The Netflix Effect: Teens, Binge Watching, and On-Demand Digital Media Trends.” Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures, vol. 6, no. 1, 2014, pp. 119-138. Monica, Paul. “ Netflix Stock: Record Setting Performance .” CNN Money . 2014. Netflix. Shareholder Letter . 2017.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Writer’s block is one of the challenges that students experience. It can be defined as a frustrating and self-defeating inability to come up with the correct phrase, word, or sentence to initiate the flow of words again when a dead-end is reached during writing. Its causes are unclear. However, it has been attributed to emotional causes such as anxiety, insecurity, and the fear of evaluation. Students experience writer’s block as they prepare their projects, do assignments, and write exams. The resultant grades and papers fail to reflect their true potential. Writer’s block is a problem-solving process that can be overcome by applying flexible rules and plans. A study of 10 students conducted to evaluate the relationship between their writing processes and writer’s block revealed that the students who experienced writer’s block (blockers) were applying rigid rules and inflexible plans. The rigid rules and inflexible plans impeded the composting process. The five students who did not experience writer’s block (non-blockers) utilized flexible writing rules and plans that enhanced the composting process. In that regard, their plans were more functional and easily manipulated using information from the outside. The interviews conducted revealed that composing is a complex process that involves the solving of problems. Moreover, cognitive psychology’s problem-solving framework can be sued to explain why people experience disruptions during the composting process. Successful problem-solving begins with the proper presentation of a problem in a manner that enhances the process. In many cases, information gaps in the manner in which the problem is presented determine the problem-solving behavior. The next step is processing, which involves a deeper understanding and an assessment of potential solutions to the problem. The process ends with a solution period that involves the generation of an answer to the problem. Individuals apply rules and plans in the composing process, and the occurrence of writer’s block depends on how they apply the rules and plans. In many instances, students experience writer’s block because of their strict adherence to rules of writing taught in class or read from textbooks. For example, students are taught that a good essay must grab the attention of readers. This rule leads to writer’s block because students try hard to generate phrases or sentences to capture the reader’s attention. On the contrary, the students who do not experience writer’s block write with the aid of rules but only when the rules enhance their work and writing process. In writing, there are two types of rules, namely, algorithms and heuristics. Blockers follow writing rules as though they are algorithms, while non-blockers treat the same rules as the loose heuristics that they are meant to be. The treatment of rules as algorithms leads to an inflexible approach toward writing, which is the major source of writer’s block. Strict adherence to rules transforms writing into a mechanical and boring problem-solving process. It is important for students to explore writing assignments from a variety of angles. For instance, they should experiment with functional and flexible plans and rules as well as open systems of thinking and planning. Students should explore different alternatives that allow them to change direction whenever they encounter writer’s block. Moreover, they should adopt open and adventurous thinking and seek feedback regarding their writing process. Teachers can treat writer’s block by evaluating the individual writing processes of students and training them to develop and apply flexible and functional alternatives.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Overprotected Children and Low Energy Potential Essay Summary of the articles According to Lahey (2013), overprotecting children in the course of parenting is a major parental failure in modern societies. The author has handled several cases of children who are overprotected by parents and hardly allowed to make any mistakes or account for their actions. Parental over-protectiveness presents numerous negative implications in the growth and development of a child. Unless children are given some degree of autonomy, it may not be possible for them to learn between right and wrong. An effective learning experience among children demands personal strive and accountability towards individual actions whenever things go wrong. If a parent opts to bear all the consequences of a child’s failure, then the latter can hardly grow and develop into a mature and responsible person in life. The author laments of an instance whereby a mother assisted her child to do some homework and unfortunately, the assignment was heavily plagiarized. Even though the mother could not be punished, the student scored a zero and was consequently compelled to redo the task. Children who are brought up in this style often end up as anxious adults who are powerless and helpless. Worse still, they cannot tackle even the slightest challenges that are inevitable in life. On the other hand, Daniel (2014) explores the causes of low energy potential in the human body. The article by the author also expounds methods that can be used to modify sleeping patterns. In addition, various energy-enhancement techniques have been described by the author. First, most Americans complain of fatigue in their daily lives. It has become a norm for people to complain about serious body exhaustion. However, most individuals who are affected by physical fatigue are aged above 45 years. Improving sleeping hygiene is one of the well-known techniques for reducing physical fatigue. A high-quality slumber is necessary in order to regenerate, refresh and restore proper functioning of both body and mind. Second, it is highly advisable to seek medical assistance from a specialized doctor if the fatigue problem persists for over 2 weeks even after taking the necessary measures. A number of treatable health complications share fatigue as a common symptom. In this case, a primary family physician should be sought for additional help. It is also crucial to review all the previous medications that have been taken when seeking alternative help from a physician. Other physical regeneration techniques proposed by the author include gradual physical exercises, healthy snacks and regular meals that can clean up the diet as well as proper planning of each day. In any case, adequate time for rest or leisure should be spared in spite of a busy schedule. Reflections From the first article, I can confirm that managing students who have been over-protected by parents is a serious problem in learning institutions. As an assistant teacher, I have noticed that poor parenting significantly contributes to academic failure among learners. Learning institutions that institute tough disciplinary measures can alleviate the challenges posed by overprotected children. As it stands now, I lack parenting experience because I am still a single lady aged 30 years. However, the ideas proposed by Lahey (2013) are practical since teachers find an easy time dealing with children who can face the consequences of their actions. In the second article, I concur that instituting a digital sabbatical is the best option for restoring physical strength. I may do it almost the same way as described by the author with slight modifications to fit my schedule as an assistant teacher. For example, I would prefer cutting down the heavy intake of fats and increase fluids in my diet. References Daniel, E. (2014). Solve Your Energy Crisis: A Guide to Finding—and Fixing-the Cause of Your Fatigue (36 th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education Lahey, J. (2013). Why Parents Need to Let Their Children Fail . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The Analysis of “Snapping Beans” by Lisa Parker Essay In the minds of many people, poetry is a form of literature that follows strict rules of rhyme and rhythm. However, poetry can be expressive and unique without adhering to the standards of the old language. The poem “Snapping Beans” by Lisa Parker is a good example of stepping away from the traditional poetry writing formula. In this poem, Parker tells a story through a unique metrical pattern and a multitude of literary devices. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the poem “Snapping Beans” and locate and discuss the main formal aspects of the poem, as well as prevalent themes and imagery. Parker wrote “Snapping Beans” in the form of a narrative poem that captures a scene of a young woman and her grandmother talking. The narrator explains that she has just returned home from college for the weekend. As her grandmother asks her about life in college, the young woman is hesitant to answer honestly. She recalls the recent memories from school, her positive and negative experiences. The narrator is excited about her classes and the acquired knowledge, but she is also perplexed by her new life and company. However, instead of sharing these feelings with her grandmother, she decides to give a short answer and says “school’s fine” (Parker 38). The grandmother replies by saying “it’s funny how things blow loose like that” (Parker 43). The poem consists of 43 lines; the author uses an original form of one verse and does not follow any standard metrical line rules. The flow of the poem resembles a train of thoughts. Parker chooses to use informal language, which contributes to the overall tone. The presence of such words as cornstalks , strychnine , hickory leaf and porchfront creates an atmosphere of the countryside, telling readers that by going to college the narrator found herself in an entirely new situation. To accentuate the mood of some scenes, Parker uses alliteration (Leech 91). For example, the presence of the sound “s” in the lines “I snapped beans into the silver bowl / that sat on the splintering slats” can be compared to the rustling sounds of nature (Parker 1-2). The title is also connected to the overall tone, as is denotes the main activity of the poem – the process of snapping beans. In this case, the title may point to a familiar activity for the narrator, further distinguishing her life in school from her life at home. Parker devotes multiple lines of the poem to describing the scenery, painting a picture of a quiet house in the countryside at sunrise. The imagery can be seen in the lines such as “as the sun rose, pushing its pink spikes / through the slant of cornstalks,” where Parker uses personification and metaphor by comparing rays of the sun to pink spikes (7-8). Abundant description of nature allows the reader to see the contrast between the narrator’s life experience before and after going away for school. However, the imagery of the city in this poem is unnecessary, because the narrator’s memories about school revolve mostly around studying and spending time with friends. Parker shows the narrator’s negative emotions about school in the lines “the nights I cried … wishing myself home on the evening star” (26-28). Although to show the internal conflict of the narrator, Parker follows the description of negative experiences with the words “being happy / despite it all,” making it clear that the narrator is satisfied with her decision to leave home for school (37-38). Mixed emotions about new experiences and the inability to share them create the themes of this poem. When asked about her life, the narrator wants to answer sincerely. However, she fears that her grandmother will fail to see the positive aspects of her life in school. The epithet in a phrase “quivering chin” points to the hesitation of the narrator (Parker 22). Parker also implies that the narrator wants to protect her grandmother from the information about her friends that “wore noserings and wrote poetry / about sex, about alcoholism, about Buddha” (30-31). The grandmother in this poem is depicted as a religious person, as she sings a song “What a Friend We Have in Jesus.” The lyrics of this song show that it talks about sharing sorrows with Jesus, who is described as a “faithful friend” (“What a Friend”). It is possible that through this song Parker wants to show that the grandmother would listen to her granddaughter without being judgmental. The poem “Snipping Beans” by Parker explores the complexity of emotions connected to changes in one’s life through the eyes of a young woman, who returns to a familiar place. It is constructed as a thought process that does not follow any conventional rules of poetry. This poem also looks into the differences between the desire and ability to be open and candid when talking about one’s emotions. Parker captures the tone of uncertainty through various metaphors and epithets and creates a clear picture of the scenery with the help of alliteration and personification. Works Cited Leech, Geoffrey N. A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry . Vol. 4. Routledge, 2014. Parker, Lisa. “Snapping Beans.” The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, and Writing , 11th ed., edited by Michael Meyer, Bedford/St. Martins, 2016, p. 528. “What a Friend We Have in Jesus > Lyrics | Joseph M. Scriven.” Timeless Truth Free Online Library , 2017, Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Politics and Government in Lahore City in Pakistan Research Paper Lahore city is the capital city of Punjab province in Pakistan. However, it is the second largest urban centre in Pakistan. It has the highest population in the entire Punjab province (UN Habitat-Pakistan, 2012). Therefore, it acts as an important administrative center in Pakistan. Lahore is also a City District that has been subdivided into nine administrative town centers. The current structure was promulgated way back in 2001. The town centers are further composed of smaller administrative units known as union councils. The governor of the Punjab province operates from Lahore city. Hence, the official governor’s residence is located in this city. The current governor is Latif Khosa. He took over from January 2011 after the former governor, Slaman Taseer, was assassinated. He manages the entire province of Punjab although Lahore is the nerve center of all the political and governance issues taking place in Punjab province. However, the city district government of Lahore is headed by a mayor. The current mayor of this city is Mian Amer Mehmood. Pakistan is a multi-party state and therefore, political leaders are duly elected into office. On the same note, the politics of Lahore city are equally affected by the national politics of Pakistan. The government of Lahore is committed to effective system of administration. For instance, shrewd management of resources is key in the agenda of this district government. The Lahore’s city government has also been given power to acquire and manage resources on behalf of the people and government of the Punjab province in Pakistan (Nevile, 2006). In order to govern the city adequately, the Lahore High Court has been put in place. Even before the establishment of the superior court, there were several smaller courts that were already in place. These courts enabled expedited delivery of justice throughout the city government of Lahore. Currently, the High Court is still being considered as a key institution that assists in the supreme interpretation of the law. The city of Lahore hosts the High Court. Improved governance of the city has also been made possible by the Lahore Development Authority. This is a government body that mainly plays the role of governance through regulation of important activities and services within the city. For instance, planning and developing of this city is mainly facilitated by the Lahore Development Authority. As the city of Lahore continues to expand both politically and economically, there are quite a number of issues that should be put into perspective for the 2030. To begin with, it is evident that the population is continually growing while the education facilities are not being expanded. It is obvious that by 2030, the city’s population will have overstretched the available facilities in education according to the Lahore resolution (Rizvi, 2013). Therefore, the Lahore government will have to work out ways and means of expanding the system of education from the Kindergarten to university level. Secondly, we expect increased environmental pollution by 2030 especially if the government of Lahore city will not put in place viable environmental control measures. Thirdly, inadequate housing will be an issue of concern due to the constantly rising population. Additional government and political affairs that are equally vital for Lahore even as it approaches 2030 include effective transport system and political stability that will attract Foreign Direct Investment within the District of Lahore. References Nevile, P. (2006). Lahore: A Sentimental Journey. New Delhi: Penguin Books. Rizvi, A.H. (2013). An interpretation of the Lahore resolution . Web. UN Habitat-Pakistan (2012). Lahore . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The main issue is that John Higgins might have become too attached to the Japanese culture, its values, and workplace practices. Furthermore, this change in his attitudes began to affect his business decisions and some of them were not effective. For example, he refused to terminate an employee who failed to improve his performance. Higgins’ justification for this decision is that this worker has been loyal to the company while loyalty is essential for Japanese organizations. Very often European or American managers do not know much about the customs and traditions of non-Western people (Kawar 2012, p. 105). Therefore, they have to adjust the new business environment. However, this situation is quite different because John Higgins immersed himself in the customs and traditions of Japan. One of the main risks is that he could understand the Japanese culture too literally. Higgins could simply overlook the possibility that the values and priorities of local people could be changing. These are the main aspect of this problem. There are several possible approaches to this situation. One of the possible strategies is to move Higgins to a different position or even to a different country. One should bear in mind that in many cases, companies choose to rotate expatriates. They let them stay in a certain country only for a limited period (Jonsson & Kalling 2006). The main rationale for this policy is to prevent them becoming too accustomed to the values or norms of local culture. Furthermore, this strategy is helpful for sharing information or best practices among various divisions of the corporation (Jonsson & Kalling 2006). This is one of the strategies that can be adopted. The main limitation of this approach is that the Japanese division of Weaver Pharmaceutical can lose a very valuable employee. Moreover, the corporation will have to spend a significant amount of time to find a person, who can substitute Higgins. This is one of the problems faced by multinational corporations (Bozionelos 2009). Furthermore, the senior management can prompt Higgins and Prescott to discuss the specific cases on which they disagree. Each of them should provide evidence to support his position. In such a way, they can resolve their conflict. However, it is also possible that their disagreement can turn into animosity. This is one of the pitfalls that should be avoided. It seems that the senior executive should closely examine the actions and decisions of Higgins. Provided that some of his decisions really run against the long-term interests of a company, the senior management should tell Higgins that he should focus on the objectives that a company sets. For instance, one of these objectives is efficiency. Therefore, it is not reasonable for an organization to retain an employee provided that he/she cannot cope with the requirements set by the management. This approach is useful for identifying and eliminating possible limitations in the work of John Higgins. Moreover, senior management can improve the functioning of the Japanese division. On the whole, this discussion indicates that multinational corporations can face a great number of challenges. One of their main tasks is to make sure that an expatriate can understand the values or customs of local people. However, they should remain impartial while taking business decisions. These are the main aspects that can be identified. References Bozionelos, N 2009, Expatriation outside the Boundaries of the Multinational Corporation: A Study with Expatriates Nurses in Saudi Arabia . Web. Jonsson, A. & Kalling, T 2006, Knowledge, Organizational Context, and Institutional Forces: Knowledge Sharing in IKEA and SCA . Web. Kawar, T 2012, ‘ Cross-cultural Differences in Management ’. International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 105-111. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Comparison of Leadership and Management Essay Leadership and management are two of the most important processes for achieving set goals and objectives when working through people. The two processes ensure that an individual is able to effectively and efficiently utilize human resources in various contexts to achieve increased productivity. A person possessing good leadership and management Abilities is able to increase the likelihood of success in the tasks being carried out in the organization. This paper will set out to highlight the similarities and differences between leadership and management. There are a number of notable similarities between leadership and management. A major similarity is that both processes utilize human resources to accomplish set objectives. In leadership, the leader uses his charisma and influence to elicit the help and support of the followers to achieve goals. In management, the manager marshals the human resources of the organization to complete tasks. In addition to this, both management and leadership aim to produce the best results in the task being undertaken. By using of management functions such as controlling, the manager takes care to ensure that all activities go according to plan and the best results for the organization are achieved. The leader promotes innovation and looks for better ways to deliver the best outcomes in any task undertaken. He motivates and inspires the followers to produce the best results in the activities engaged in. In spite of these similarities, some major differences are evident between leadership and management. A significant difference is in the primary focus of the two processes. The primary focus of management is the administrative aspects of the organization as can be seen from the core functions of management, which include planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The focus of leadership is to influence the team members in order to motivate them to achieve the set goals of the organization. Another difference is in the manner in which leaders and managers derive their power. The manager’s power comes from the position of authority given to him by the organization. The human resources that work for the manager are his subordinates and they have to follow the manager’s instructions. On the other hand, the leader’s power comes from his charisma and the influence he has over the people he is guiding. The leader has followers as opposed to subordinates and they generally willingly follow him since he inspires their trust. The approach to risk differs significantly between management and leadership. In leadership, risk taking is prevalent since the leader seeks to promote innovation and initiate change in the organization. Management seeks to minimize risk since the desire is to maintain the status quo and keep utilizing methods that have been proven efficient in the past. This paper set out to provide a concise description of the differences and similarities between leadership and management. It began by highlighting the importance of both processes when making use of people to accomplish tasks. It then discussed the major similarities, including the use of people to accomplish tasks and the aim to achieve good results. The paper noted major differences, including the manner in which leaders and managers derive their power and the approaches to risk. From the discussions provided in this paper, it is evident that leadership and management each play an important role in the organization. The two processes should therefore be used in a complimentary fashion to ensure that the organization benefits optimally.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Earl in “Memento Mori” Short Story and “Memento” Film Essay The Analysis of the Character Earl is the main character of the short story “Memento Mori”. Earl is first quite a young man who has a special mental condition. He suffers from amnesia. He seems to be confused most of the time. He is disoriented as he does not remember why he is in the hospital. The man has to read some notes scattered all over his pockets and the room to regain his self. It seems that two people are living in him: the one who writes the notes and the new him who appears every ten minutes. The one who is writing has a particular aim. He has revenge in his mind. This Earl is trying to preserve himself in the notes. He wants to encourage the new Earl to achieve the major goal of their complicated life. The new Earl is like a child who follows an adult’s instructions. Each time the new Earl becomes the mature Earl who pursues his goals. In the middle of the story, Earl is older. He looks older and his clothes are shabby. He is tanned and his watch is gone. His body is covered with tattoos which serve as a certain plan, certain guidance. The new Earl follows the plan revealed on his body. Earl finally succeeds and kills the one who is responsible for his wretched state. Earl is satisfied and he is smiling. However, he fails to highlight his victory. He is desperate, but soon he does not even remember his triumph. The only thing he has is his plan depicted on his body. The new Earl is still encouraged to continue the chase. Visual Elements It is quite difficult to choose a particular scene to analyze as the entire film Memento is special. However, what strikes me is of particular attention to meaningful details. Thus, the scene where the main character recollects some facts concerning Sammy is of special interest. In the first place, the scene is shot in black and white. It creates the idea of a certain memory flash. Admittedly, these flashes (or even the idea of flashes) are central to the story as it is all about scattered memory flashes of a man who has a goal. The color also creates a ‘sharper’ picture. The viewer is forced to focus on details as the viewer is not distracted by colors. Apart from the use of color, the director uses the camera in a very specific manner. Again, there are some kinds of splashes. The room and the character as well as other characters are depicted in splashes. Specific details are in the spotlight. For instance, the director stresses everyday activities with the help of such objects as telephone and razor. As for me, this very scene reveals the essence of the main character’s conditions. He lives his life which is several memory flashes. He lives in a world where specific details like notes or tattoos count. He does not notice colors in his present life. He focuses on his aim. Therefore, it is possible to note that he lives his life in black and white. He only has his aim and his plan. He is focused. This is what the scene under consideration is all about: the precision of a man who lives his life which is torn into small memory flashes.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
For the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, growth can also be defined by the four stages presented by the scholars (Layne & Lee, 2001). First, the cataloging of this organization is one of the aspects initially addressed by the entity, as can be seen from its online presence and availability of essential information (“Department of health and mental hygiene,” n.d.). The provision of digital content related to its divisions, directions of work, and conditions for partnership as per this stage correspond to the need to inform potential stakeholders, which allows avoiding their disappointment (Layne & Lee, 2001). However, there are specific limitations in this regard, as concrete measures for promoting the health of New Yorkers are not specified in detail. Second, at the stage of the transaction, the organization under consideration expands on the data in accordance with the needs of individual clients. As follows from the website, they are primarily interested in receiving birth and death certificates, health insurance, vaccines, and documents establishing the quality of food realized by various restaurants (“Department of health and mental hygiene,” n.d.). The provision of these data on the website correlates with the intention of customers to avoid visiting the facilities for paperwork and improves the efficiency of operations by ensuring the opportunity for electronic transactions (Layne & Lee, 2001). Meanwhile, the efforts of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene to ensure the availability of advanced procedures were complicated by the quality of the used online systems. They decided to use the official website of New York City for this purpose, but searching for information on this platform is a challenging process. This fact is explained by the variety of data from different companies gathered in one place, which seems confusing for users. Third, the transformation of government services as per the stage of vertical integration implied more risks than cataloging and transaction. They were conditional on the fragmented information presented by the website, which made the search for necessary data applicable to the needs of business owners or individual customers more difficult (“Department of health and mental hygiene,” n.d.). This outcome can be explained by the increase in customers’ expectations and the natural progression from simple to complex patterns of relationships between the organization and third parties (Layne & Lee, 2001). As a result, people’s discontent in terms of their inability to find the forms or conditions for the partnership they needed led to the attempts to reconsider the mechanism of delivering these documents. The fourth and final stage, horizontal integration, allowed the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene to arrange the documents in such a way that clients did not need much time to find them. This decision was made in compliance with government assistance principles, which should be rendered in full scope and in a timely manner (Layne & Lee, 2001). In other words, public administrators focused on the needs of customers to receive access to several services at once and solve a variety of problems while using the same online platform. They were addressed by including the most popular services and useful information on the main page (“Department of health and mental hygiene,” n.d.). Thus, adopting the practices corresponding to the theoretical model led to the elimination of risks regarding the inefficiency of the e-government system. References Department of health and mental hygiene. (n.d.). New York City. Web. Layne, K., & Lee, J. (2001). Developing fully functional E-government: A four stage model. Government Information Quarterly, 18 (2), 122-136. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Marketing Lectures by Mildenhall and Hunter Essay Jonathan Mildenhall mentions that “open happiness” is a call to action and into emotions. How do the two things blend? In his lecture, Jonathan Mildenhall described the story of developing a Coca-Cola promotional campaign and devising a last line for the advertisements. The slogan “Open happiness!” can be considered to be both a call to action and a call into emotions. On the one hand, it urges the potential clients to open the bottle of the drink; thus, it is a call to action. On the other hand, it is an appeal to emotions, because it produces in consumers an association between the product (Coca-Cola) and happiness. The call to emotions and actions might be considered a very effective mix. This is because when consumers choose a product to purchase, they very often tend to follow the call of their emotions and even momentary impressions or whims; these, in turn, can in many cases be affected by an image or slogan that they saw or heard previously and that captured their attention. Also, individuals tend to better remember things that are associated with strong emotions (both positive and negative); as a consequence, an advertisement that appeals to emotions is likely to be better remembered by potential consumers. Thus, an appeal to emotions, when mixed with a call to action, may lead to a situation when potential consumers better retain this call to action because it includes an emotional component, which, ultimately, is likely to better stimulate them to purchase the product in question. How did Raquel open your eyes to the tools of online analytics and their usefulness? In her lecture, Raquel made a significant focus on the analysis of online communication tools such as social media, describing their great potential of being used as a source of valuable information that pertains to the trends in consumer tastes and preferences. Nowadays, vast numbers of individuals utilize social media to obtain a certain degree of online presence, which creates a considerable opportunity for companies to make use of that presence to additionally expose their brands to the public. Furthermore, social media contain a large amount of information that can be employed to understand the desires of the consumers and their preferences. The lecture opened my eyes to the tools of online analysis by letting me comprehend that statistics can be collected that reflect the degree to which a particular brand, product, or even statement is attractive to the public, and using that information for promotional purposes in the future; and that the popularity of a product or brand can be tested by using the social media if one observes and analyzes the reaction of potential consumers on that product or brand. Which speaker did you find revealed more useful information? Please outline two things that you found useful. One from each or two from one speaker. While the information provided by each of the speakers was helpful and could be utilized for advertisement in the future, the lecture of Jonathan Mildenhall appeared to be more useful. When naming several ideas which were useful in his lecture, it is possible to mention him saying that creativity is capable of causing reconsideration, and explaining that in the Coca-Cola company, it is, in fact, impossible to modify almost anything about the product – because the product, the design of the bottle, the logotype of the brand, and so on, all need to remain unchanged so as not to cause the protest of clients from all over the world; so, instead, the image of the brand and its representation need to be changed. This leads to an important conclusion that, when attempting to promote a product, its high quality is rarely enough to ensure its success, and that, on the other hand, even a product of mediocre quality can sometimes be successful if it is represented and advertised effectively. Another useful idea coming from Jonathan Mildenhall was that one needs to be consistent with their brand; for if a brand is successful, it means that it is capable of satisfying the desires of clients, so it is important to occupy the given niche and to capitalize on that ability to further satisfy the needs and desires of that (type of) consumer.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
“The Diary of a Young Girl” by Anne Frank Essay The book by Anne Frank “The Diary of a Young Girl” is an example of a work of personal psychological prose. The book, initially written as a diary of a young Jewish girl, who had to hide from Nazis and died in their concentration camp, is a brilliant piece of the art of literature (Urban, 2004). Anne Frank has compiled several versions of her diary, and one of them was directed at the readers of the future who should know about all the misfortunes of civilians during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands (Fleming, 2008). To begin with, the diary of Anne Frank is marked by the sharp sense of audience that the author possessed. In other words, taking into consideration the possible readers of her diary, Anne Frank chose to cut all the irrelevant, minor scenes or those that might seem too personal to the readers from the edited variant of her work. Moreover, the appeal to the audience is also observed in the regular addressing of the author to either fictional or real-life characters. Thus, for example, in the latest chapters of the diary, Anne Frank addresses “Kitty” many times, and the experts tend to think that it is her real-life friend Kitty Egyedi (Sassen, 2003). In any case, direct address, whether it is made to a real or a fictional character, makes the reader feel included in the discussion that takes place on the pages of this work. This inclusion is a sign of the sense of audience, and it marks the works of the real geniuses of literature. Moreover, the diary of Anne Frank is a work with a clear sense of purpose: “Still, what does that matter? I want to write, but more than that, I want to bring out all kinds of things that lie buried deep in my heart.” (Frank, p. 2) Needless to say, the major purpose of every diary is an expression of emotions and personal experiences that the author has lived through. But the specific type of the epoch, i. e. the World War II and the Holocaust against Jews, made this purpose into an auxiliary one. The forefront of the sense of this diary is taken by the attempt of Anne Frank to preserve her memories for the future generations to learn about all the issues and troubles people experienced during the Nazi occupation. Thus, the mind of a young girl created this masterpiece of literature with the clear awareness of its global destination in the future (Shunfenthal, 2006). Further on, the work under consideration is a rather personal paper as the author expresses her deepest fears and emotions about the position of her family in hiding, as well as about the lives of other people during that war: “If I just think of how we live here, I usually come to the conclusion that it is a paradise compared with how other Jews who are not in hiding must be living…” (Frank, p. 71) Thus, capacity for honesty and self-examination is evident in the work by Frank. Needless to say, there was no need for her to invent some events as World War II was not the time for games. The young girl understood this and made sure that next generations will have a clear and full picture of the events she had to live through with her family (Frank, 1997). To prove this, it is enough to take a look at the images and themes Anne Frank uses in her diary. These are either personal things like philosophy of life, or purely political ideas, like for example her lines about Germans: “Nice people, the Germans! To think that I was once one of them too! No, Hitler took away our nationality long ago. In fact, Germans and Jews are the greatest enemies in the world.” (Frank, p. 36). Moreover, the writing style of the author is another distinctive feature of this work. It seems like personal talk and official communication have merged in this diary. For example, Anne Frank ponders on the philosophical ideas of the beginning of the end of her life, and at the same time thinks about the lives of other in a purely practical way (Frank, p. 42). On the whole, “The Diary of a Young Girl” is a masterpiece of literature, and one would never think that its author is a teen-age girl, as far as ideas found in it have actual global significance. Works Cited Fleming, Grace. “The Diary of a Young Girl.” About.com. 2008. Homework/Study Tips. 2009. Web. Frank, Anne. The Diary of a Young Girl: Definitive Edition. Bantam, 1997. Sassen, Robyn. “Writing as Resistance: Four Women Confronting the Holocaust – Edith Stein, Simone Weil, Anne Frank, Etty Hillesum.” Women in Judaism 3.2 (2003). Urban, Susanne. “On the Rise of the House of Rothschild and the Death of Anne Frank: The Jewish Museum in Frankfurt/Main-Regional History with International Accents.” European Judaism 36.2 (2004): 48+. Shunfenthal, Sherri Waas. “Anne Frank in the World.” Women in Judaism 4.1 (2006).
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Physical Exercises and Their Health Benefits Essay Exercises that include physical activities are very essential to both body and mental health of human beings. In fact this is one of the areas where many studies have been conducted by scholars from different parts of the world to show that exercise is essential to all people regardless of their age, sex and occupation. Healthcare givers also recommend that patients with chronic sicknesses should do some workouts to facilitate their healing. According to the recent studies on the importance of exercise to human beings, it is evident that people have begun to realize the need for doing exercise. In fact people from different parts of the world participate in various exercises and other physical activity in order to keep fit and remain healthy. This paper highlights some of the major importance of workouts to our bodies and why people should do exercises. One of the major benefits of exercise is that it helps in maintaining a healthy body weight. Cases of people being overweight are common in the modern society due to people shying away from physical activities and desire for junk food. Change of lifestyles has made many people to be overweight and this comes with health complications. Participating in physical activity burns calories and this promotes weight loss. Exercises also help in maintaining weight loss among those working on how to lose some of their body weight. Exercise makes an individual stronger and boosts the body energy. Some people are very weak to an extent that they are heavily fatigued by simple duties such as doing shopping or doing basic domestic chores. Regular exercise improves bone and muscle strength and give gives the body endurance to tiring activities. When you participate in regular workouts, oxygen and other necessary nutrients are delivered to the lungs, heart and other vital body organs to ensure that they are functioning well. Consequently, a person is able to do simple routine tasks without getting easily exhausted. Exercise also improves moods and looks. Studies show that people who do not participate in any physical activities and workouts are mostly in bad moods and gloomy. Ordinarily, people get involved in some activities that may lower their moods and exercise helps in improving moods and maintain the charming appearance. Simple workouts stimulate the brain to release some chemicals that make an individual feel happy and relaxed. This also improves the facial looks therefore raising self-esteem and confidence. For those who want to keep fit and maintain certain body looks such as models, sports people and celebrities, exercise helps in achieving the desired physical body appearances. Exercise is also believed to promote good sleeping habits. Sometimes it becomes difficult to fall asleep or to remain asleep especially after a busy day. Regular exercise can help in promoting better sleep and ensure that it is a continuous one. To the married people, sex life is important and cannot be taken for granted. However, this has become a major challenge to the modern couples because many people retire to their beds feeling too tired to participate in physical intimacy. Exercise makes helps in maintaining a positive sex life and it promotes arousal for both women and men. Studies show that regular physical activity helps men to overcome erectile dysfunction making sex life more enjoyable. Exercise is also paramount for maintaining better health. Regular workouts improve the immune system and this reduces the chances of getting sick. However, it is worth noting that over exercising can destroy the body immune system. Additionally, regular exercise reduces stress thereby contributing to a healthy living. Regular workouts take the body and mind from the stressing activities and this relieves the body the weight of the stress. The energy used in handling stress is therefore used for other productive processes of the body. Some people suffer from poor digestion and metabolism especially the elderly ones. Exercise helps in ensuring that digestion and absorption of food in the body take place as well. Workouts also increase the rate of metabolisms and the end result is good health. For those doing trainings such as weight lifting and muscle builders, workouts promotes muscle buildup and helps in changing the body shape to the desired body shape. Regular exercise also improves the body stamina and enhances flexibility and stability. Workouts stretch the body and ensure a good posture. This is vital for body stability and it also prevents early body aging. It also reduces the chances of getting easily injured when doing routine duties. Generally, it is evident that exercise is good for both our mental and body health. It is also worth noting that exercise is enjoyable and can be used to bring people close to their friends. Physical activity is fun and it gives people an opportunity to participate in things that make them happy. Participating in a dance class or soccer club is very enjoyable and makes you to feel relaxed. However it is important for the people with special health conditions to ensure that they have consulted their healthcare for advice on the best workouts to avoid more harm to their body.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Marijuana Legalization in California Essay Introduction Marijuana is a very controversial substance, which has been a debate in California on whether it should be legalized or not. The substance, which is derived from dried cannabis Sativa or cannabis India, has many uses, including medicinal uses, animal food as well as hemp for rope making. Marijuana happens to be an illegal substance that has the widest use globally. At this point, one wonders why such a substance is termed illegal, yet it seems to have a lot of support from many people. In fact, the usefulness of marijuana as a medicine and rope-making raw material makes it hard to understand why this substance should not be legalized. The effects that marijuana has on the body are both positive and negative. Since it can decrease intraocular pressure, perhaps it would be wise to consider its use for such a purpose though it leads to reddening of the eyes. The muscle relaxation effect of marijuana also appears to be a positive effect that should be used to argue for its legalization. The negative effects on the body should also be factored in deciding whether to legalize marijuana or not. For instance, an increased heart rate may not be desirable for patients with cardiovascular diseases, not to mention skin sensation effects. Marijuana Legalization Issue California’s proposition that marijuana is legalized for persons aged 21 and older is a sensitive issue. It is hard to ensure that those who are in possession of marijuana do not have more than 28.5 grams. The difficulty in assessing this quantity would imply that people would consume more than 1 oz, more so considering the addictive effects of marijuana. Arguing that marijuana should be legalized and be used in non-public places like personal residential areas does not mean that it would not affect others. Second-hand marijuana smoke may affect family members who live in the same residence with a marijuana smoker. The control of cannabis is further complicated by arguing that one can grow cannabis in the space of 2.3m2 for personal use. It implies that persons who have more than one private residence may grow marijuana in all the residents, thus exceeding the allowed 25 square feet. This, therefore, means that legalizing marijuana using the above control measures is not an effective way of preventing the adverse effects of the substance. Conclusion While it is true that marijuana can raise a substantial amount of revenue from excise tax, sales taxes and save millions of money used in law enforcement of marijuana-related offenses, these benefits may not be worth in the long-run. Given that marijuana has serious health problems, including increased road accidents, as well as increasing the likelihood of use of harder drugs, these benefits may be neutralized later. A large percentage of the population would be jeopardized, thus requiring a lot of money for rehabilitation, not to mention physical and mental impairment that would reduce people’s productivity. Given the several advantages of marijuana use, such as medical use, the use of marijuana should be restricted for such purposes only. Going with the difficulties in controlling marijuana use and the possible harms, I think marijuana should not be legalized in California. However, going with the recent polls (46% for “Yes” against 54% for “No”), it is likely that the proposition will be passed in 2012. It is, therefore, important to review the requirements for legalization and implement more stringent rules that will require marijuana to be used only when necessary. Otherwise, our children will be in danger of the harmful direct and indirect effects of marijuana.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Team Building and Team Development Expository Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. First and Second Stage 3. Norm Stage 4. Justification of the Opinion 5. Expectations 6. Conclusions Introduction The stages of team development are formation state, storming, normalizing, performing and transforming stages. Each of these stages has a special challenge especially for a group of people who are struggling to function as a unit. Some unique or special features/actions particularly from the individual entities strengthen the cohesive forces that ought to guide team members towards a team mission. First and Second Stage According to Guttman (2008), the first stage of formation involves coming together to form a group that has a shared vision or mission. The group aims at mainly accomplishing a certain purpose. The second stage of storming emerges because the team members get to know each other, but may have some conflicting views that can stain the relationship. For instance, they may fail to agree on the procedures to follow towards attaining the set goals or disagree against the set vision /mission of a firm. The case sample of members of a medical facility has passed these two stages. Norm Stage The norm stage is progressive since members are able to share ideas and form working relationships that cater for the team’s objectives and progress. The current team has harmonized its prior strained or competitive relationships. It is thus able to work harmoniously towards development goals. However, some cohesiveness of the team still lacks some collaboration, thus the reason it is still in the norm stage. The team has to attain the next stage of the development life cycle, which is the performing stage. The team lacks strong collaboration and team unity thus affecting harmonization. Lack of synchronization in the team is thus the reason why members or team leaders fails to bring out a successful functioning team. Justification of the Opinion A new colleague joining the team at this stage must expect to meet members who can either cause team conflicts or enforce work harmony. The members may also feel secure and express their opinions freely due to existing spirit of responsiveness, kindness and affirmation. Openness and members cooperation also promotes members’ listening skill. By listening to one another, they are able to understand the importance of maintaining an effective form of communication. They have various measures of enhancing communication as an effective tool of combating conflicts or disagreements. The working techniques and strategies are well established. The reason for easy establishment is due to collaboration and as a result, members are in a position to choose a leader amongst them and establish the role of each affiliate. However, effective performance often fails to take place due to lack of enough trust or honesty among members. The team is thus not yet reasonable, since there are no evident justifiable procedures to quantify the team. Expectations In line with Boone and Kurtz (2010), a real team in the performing stage is very effective and productive. The members act honestly with each other, thus strengthening their interaction and ability to have synchronized objectives for success. The members of this team at a medical facility also lack confidence and members may fail to believe that the group is strong enough for anticipated success. Member’s collaboration still fails to trigger personal impressions that their team is the best and the most successful experience. At the initial stages of development, a team is expected to engage members to pursue goals or projects. Conclusions The new member should also understand that his/her presence might cause either progression to the next stage or regression to previous stage. The progress therefore depends on experience and skills of the team members. At this stage, the team cannot analyze their current performance level and have a basis for future projections. The team always disbands after accomplishing goals, but it is a difficult process due to the already formed strong links between members. Perhaps one question that can assist in analysis of the stage would be how fast or easy the team can break up.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Leonardo da Vinci Painting “Ginevra de’ Benci” Term Paper Abstract Leonardo da Vinci’s “Ginevra de’ Benci” portrays powerful styles and principles of design. The artwork also presents different themes such as beauty, chastity, dignity, and modesty. This essay gives a detailed analysis of this masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci. The essay explores the strengths, elements, and styles of the artwork. Work of Art and Thesis The masterpiece “Ginevra de’ Benci” was painted by Leonardo da Vinci. The artist painted it between 1474 and 1476. The painter “used oil on a wooden panel” (Koestler-Grack, 2005, p. 73). The country of origin is Italy. It is currently found in the National Gallery of Art in Washington. Thesis statement Leonardo da Vinci uses the best elements of art and principles of design to give the painting “Ginevra de’ Benci” powerful themes such as beauty, chastity, dignity, and modesty. Media, Technique, and Style of the Work This work of art presents two unique techniques. The first technique is known as sfumato . This “style uses glazes in different tones of color in order to create a transition from light to dark” (Jiminez, 2013, p. 18). The other “technique is chiaroscuro ” (Jiminez, 2013, p. 18). Leonardo combines “landscape and portrait to produce this masterpiece” (Hand, 2004, p. 67). He uses oil on wood to produce the painting. The artwork portrays the historical and cultural aspects of Italy during the 15 th century. The aristocrats occupied a unique position in the society. The painting was aimed at commemorating Ginevra’s marriage. The Latin motto “VIRTUTEM FORMA DECORAT” symbolizes Ginevra de’ Benci’s virtues. Some virtues such as beauty and austerity were meaningful during the time. Marriage was also taken seriously in Florence (Brand & Korsmeyer, 2011). “Ginevra de’ Benci” by Leonardo da Vinci. Description of the Painting This artwork presents the portrait of Ginevra de’ Benci. She appears beautiful and brilliant. There is “no smile on her face” (Brand & Korsmeyer, 2011, p. 54). Leonardo’s combination of landscape and portrait is noticeable on this painting. The painter uses wood and oil in a professional manner. This approach gives the painting an even tone. The size of the painting makes it emotional. Elements of Art The painter uses “curves and lines in order to create distances between different points” (Hand, 2004, p. 66). The painter uses various marks to separate different objects. Such lines have given the portrait a 3D effect. Leonardo da Vinci uses different natural shapes. Learn ado da Vinci “has textured and patterned different shapes in order to give the painting a powerful meaning” (Hand, 2004, p. 67). The painter uses different properties of color. Leonardo uses hue and intensity effectively. He also uses intensity to create a 3D effect. The painter “creates value by adding black and white to different colors” (Hand, 2004, p. 67). The use of space is noticeable in Leonardo’s “Ginevra de’ Benci”. The painting has three grounds: foreground, middle ground, and background. This element is achieved through the use of a landscape approach. The painter has also used texture. This masterpiece has different textures . For example, the woman’s face appears smooth. Principles of Design Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings are characterized by powerful principles of design. The artist has also used the concept of unity . The parts of the painting are combined to form one unique image. Leonardo da Vinci uses different objects in order to create variety . Balance is achieved through the artistic integration of different components (Hand, 2004). The mountains and trees correspond to each other. The painter has arranged the above parts in a regular manner. The painting has a unique focal point or emphasis . The viewer is compelled to focus on Ginevra de Benci’s face. The woman’s image makes this masterpiece meaningful to the viewer. The parts portrayed on the painting are proportional to each other. The concept of perspective is employed to produce this work of art. The painter has also used the concept of scale. He has achieved this goal by adjusting the parts in a proportional manner. Movement is achieved through the use of tone and contrast. The patterned repetition of objects such as trees adds rhythm and movement to the painting (Brand & Korsmeyer, 2011). The artist uses value, hue, and color to create motion . Meaning of the Work This painting identifies most of the issues embraced by many people throughout the Renaissance Period. Many portraits depicted the lives of women from wealthy families. The painting shows that “Ginevra de’ Benci comported herself with dignity and modesty” (Hand, 2004, p. 87). Dignity was something precious during the time. Ginevra’s beauty is a sign of greatness. The juniper tree also presents Ginevra’s name. The tree is also a sign of chastity (Jiminez, 2013). Personal Response I have appreciated the above painting by Leonardo da Vinci. I have also understood the major achievements of Leonardo da Vinci. The painting also portrays some of the values embraced by many people during the Renaissance Period. The painting shows clearly that Leonardo was a great artist. The painter has used different elements of art (Brand & Korsmeyer, 2011). Leonardo da Vinci used different principles of design to strengthen the meaning of the portrait. I am therefore planning to analyze more artworks by Leonardo da Vinci. Reference List Brand, P., & Korsmeyer, C. (2011). Feminism and Tradition in Aesthetics. Philadelphia, PA: Penn State Press. Web. Hand, J. (2004). National Gallery of Art: Master Paintings from the Collection . New York, NY: National Gallery of Art, Washington. Web. Jiminez, J. (2013). Dictionary of Artists’ Models . New York, NY: Oxford Press. Web. Koestler-Grack, R. (2005). Leonardo Da Vinci: Artist, Inventor, and Renaissance Man . New York, NY: Longman. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Eberhardt Becoming a Player in French Imperial Politics Essay Isabelle Eberhardt is a highly controversial historical character closely linked with colonial Algeria. Eberhardt was an illegitimate daughter of Russian anarchists who left Europe to become explorers in North Africa. During her journey, she disguised as a man, married an Algerian, converted to Islam, survived an assassination attempt, and got involved in French and Algerian politics. Her controversial behavior was significantly uncommon for a European woman of that period. Hence, her already remarkable life dragged even more attention from both ordinary people and the authorities. For political reasons, Algeria became a place where people could violate the status quo regardless of their gender. Thus the colony became a land of freedom for European women. Such “violation” of values and morals caused both social and political change, and Eberhardt became a key figure in the transformation. The reform movements conducted in both Algeria and France increased women’s involvement in political activities. Various feminist and women’s labor movements emerged and insisted on their rights. Eberhardt’s behavior had a considerable impact on the perception of women in society. Moreover, her articles and deeds addressed several racial discrimination issues towards Algerian people. Some French citizens viewed themselves morally above the Algerian people, yet Eberhardt criticized European society and treated it similarly to the Europeans treated Algeria. It may also be possible that the assassination attempt was planned by the French authorities. Eberhardt, indeed, was not liked by French authorities as she was a “political nuisance.” Her actions questioned the core moral values and traditions of European society. Thus she was exiled by the French colonial government. Even though Eberhardt was rejected by the political system, her work had a noticeable impact on the development of both European and Algerian societies.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Allergic Rhinitis Case Donna Essay Donna visited the nurse practitioner with a prolonged history of having the watery nasal discharge with a range of associated symptoms. The woman’s vital signs are normal, but her eyes, nose, and throat are red and swollen. Donna’s condition and associated pathophysiological processes should be discussed in detail in this case. While referring to Donna’s history, it is possible to state that the possible disease causing the observed symptoms is allergic rhinitis. In response to the allergen, Donna’s T-cells release IgE antibodies that cause the production of such special chemicals as histamine in order to attack allergens (Greiner, Hellings, Rotiroti, & Scadding, 2012). These chemicals usually provoke such symptoms as the nasal congestion, itchy eyes, sneezing, and coughing observed in Donna’s case because of making the special muscles of the airways narrower and tightened (Hellings, Fokkens, Akdis, Bachert, & Cingi, 2013). As a result of this process, the secretion of mucus becomes increased due to histamine effects, and this chemical causes nasal congestion and the intense watery nasal discharge. The mucosa becomes red and moist, and the pharynx becomes erythematous, as it is in the case of the young woman (Rondon, Campo, Togias, Fokkens, & Durham, 2012). It is important to state that these processes also cause Donna’s night cough. In addition, it is necessary to note that the observed polyps are typical of allergic rhinitis because of the reactions of mucosa to histamine (Greiner et al., 2012). Donna states that she has such “colds” in spring and fall. Thus, it is possible to speak about the seasonal allergic rhinitis (Rondon et al., 2012). However, the additional test is required in order to determine the group of allergens that can cause Donna’s allergic rhinitis. From this point, the assessment questions that need to be asked in Donna’s case are about her personal history of allergies and asthma. It is also important to ask about any allergies and “cold” symptoms that are observed not only seasonally. In addition, it is necessary to ask about the family history of allergies because allergic rhinitis is usually observed in persons having the relatives with this condition (Rondon et al., 2012). The answers to these questions will provide the additional information on the case to propose the effective treatment for the woman. In spite of the fact that Donna’s symptoms can be associated with a severe acute infection, the woman has another disease. The reason for not focusing on the infection as the cause of the problems is that the woman’s vital signs are normal, she has no fever, the respiratory rate is normal, and lungs are easily auscultated (Greiner et al., 2012). While assuming that Donna has allergic rhinitis, it is possible to state that Type I or immediate hypersensitivity is observed (Greiner et al., 2012). Donna’s rash as an example of the atopic dermatitis is also associated with Type I hypersensitivity. While referring to the conducted analysis of Donna’s symptoms, it is possible to state that the woman has the allergic rhinitis that can be of the seasonal nature or the perennial nature because Donna visited a nurse to ask for the assistance in December, and the rhinitis was observed during five weeks of the late fall. Thus, the additional test in order to find out the causes of the allergy is important for Donna. References Greiner, A. N., Hellings, P. W., Rotiroti, G., & Scadding, G. K. (2012). Allergic rhinitis. The Lancet , 378 (9809), 2112-2122. Hellings, P. W., Fokkens, W. J., Akdis, C., Bachert, C., & Cingi, C. (2013). Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis: Where do we stand today? Allergy , 68 (1), 1-7. Rondon, C., Campo, P., Togias, A., Fokkens, W. J., & Durham, S. R. (2012). Local allergic rhinitis: Concept, pathophysiology, and management. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , 129 (6), 1460-1467.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Introduction 2. Copyright implications related to Website development 3. Copyright implications related to usage of content on a Web site 4. How to overcome these implications 5. Conclusion 6. Reference List Introduction In the contemporary world, people have advanced the ways in which they protect their works. This is mainly meant to deter people from copying other people’s work. Currently, scholars and other stake holders have been brainstorming on how well they can protect their content by making unauthorized duplicating and distributing a crime punishable by law. The main aim of going digital by many people has been informed by the fact that fewer materials are produced for sale at any given time. In addition, availing the content of their work on the internet ensures that their work is easily accessed by other people in the whole world. This in turn increases their revenue because they are likely to receive orders from across the globe. Copyright implications related to Website development According to Mireille (2003), an individual developing a website should have his or her domain name that is unique, and a trademark that distinguishes such a website from others. This is meant to deter people from using other people’s trademarks in their sites. He adds that it is also illegal for a person to use someone else’s texts in a page and assume they are his or her own. According to the law, this is copyright law violation. Copyright implications related to usage of content on a Web site In today’s world, more materials are being accessed on the internet unlike in the past where people used to rely heavily on books, magazines and the encyclopedia. However, it is worth noting that although some materials may be readily available on the internet, there are others that have been protected by their authors. As a result, making copy of such works without due permission from the author amounts to breaching of copyright’s law. According to Gordon (2007), more people are going the digital way and therefore, this is posing a serious breakdown of information flow in a number of societies, which are yet to embrace this kind of technology. Mireille (2003) has argued that going digital, can result to the use of contracts as the basic way of controlling and regulating the use of any copyrighted material. He points out that such a move is likely to reduce copyright related cases, unlike in the past where people have been accessing and making use of another person’s work without much struggle. As a result, this has led to a lot of pirated materials availed in the market at a cheaper rate. This happens at the expense of the original works which are normally perceived to be expensive. In addition, Gordon (2007) has noted that copyright law in relation to website development has changed the mentality of the people in the society. According to Yu (2007), the manner in which the holders of copyright are securing copyrights is seen by many stakeholders in this industry as impinging on the privacy of their clients. This is because a lot of personal information is required in order to have a copyright attached to an individual. That way, a person with malicious intention can use such materials at his or her own advantage in other areas. How to overcome these implications One of the main ways of overcoming these kinds of implications is by having a strict and firm arm of the police unit that will ensure that all the people involved in this kind of illegal activities are arrested and prosecuted. This will go a long way as a warning to others engaged in similar activities. Establishing a centre run by the government where people register their copyrights would help in reducing cases of scrupulous people taking advantage of their clients. Conclusion Creativity is very important in a country that is anticipating moving forward in all aspects. Therefore, it is the government’s duty to ensure that such creativity is protected from imitation and copying from other people. Reference List Gordon, H. (2007). Strategic use of information technology for global Organizations. New York: IGI Publishing. Mireille, M. M. (2003). Choice of law in copyright and related rights: alternatives To the Lex Protection. Hague: Kluwer Law International. Yu, P. (2007). Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Copyright and Related rights. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Emotional Intelligence in Working Environment Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Meaning of Emotional Intelligence 3. Importance of Emotional Intelligence at Workplace 4. Conclusion 5. References Introduction The primary aim of this paper is to define emotional intelligence and show how assisting people in a working environment co-exist together and work hard in order to achieve the organizational goal. Emotional intelligence is a core feature in the working environment as it helps in building a strong working relationship through an understanding of each other. One can know and show concern for different needs, challenges, and unique priorities. Emotional intelligence can be the one thing that sets the line between accomplishment and total failure. Meaning of Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence is the ability to be able to see their own and other people’s emotions, to be able to identify different reactions, and label them correctly and appropriately. It also adopts emotional information to guide creative thinking and behavior. One applies the aggregate capacity to act with a purpose, to think with a rational mind, and to deal effectively with the surroundings in order to understand fully the emotions of oneself and people around. Emotional intelligence means being self-aware and able to manage emotions, recognize them, deal constructively with the emotions of others, and motivate oneself. (Travis Bradberry, 2009). Emotional intelligence is a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor own and others’ emotions in order to discriminate among them and to use the information to guide one’s thinking and actions (Mackay, 2010). Social intelligence is the ability to understand and relate to people. It helps to act wisely in human factor according to Thorndike. Thorndike also explains further by including inter-personal intelligence, which is the ability to understand other people, and intra-personal intelligence, which is a correlative ability turned inward (Mackay, 2010). Importance of Emotional Intelligence at Workplace One is able to know when and how to express emotions and do it under control without affecting fellow workmates. Employees can handle the stress that comes with the job. They also have the advantage of managing their feelings under the situations of duress at the workplace. Emotional intelligence is necessary to learn personal and social skills that are needed to identify and calculate if we want to be able to reach performance superiority. By knowing our emotions and how they affect us and others, and also understanding our weaknesses and strengths, we are able to assess ourselves and have a strong sense of directions along with knowing where we can be useful and where we cannot. The employers will have an insight on how to inspire and guide employees, managing any changes, promoting collaborations and cooperation among the work team and, in turn, improving performance. Employee is made aware of the greater good they can contribute towards the benefit of the organization’s increasing performance. Understanding feelings, duties, and demands encourages individuals to work more effectively and share ideas and opinions with the fellow employees and employers without any fear. This eases on how to boost spirits of individuals with the help of understanding their needs and feelings. This leads to a happy working environment and people will focus more on their work. Conclusion Emotional intelligence has come to be one of the greatest characteristics in organizations of this era. It has found an attention in the eye of management, which applies it to be of more interest in the future. Those organizations that employ emotional intelligence are proven to be more successful than those companies that do not have the same practice, because such technique helps them improve the employees’ job quality. References Mackay, A. (2010). Motivation, Ability and Confidence Building in People. New York: Routledge. Travis Bradberry, J. G. (2009). Emotional Intelligence 2.0. New York: TalentSmart.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Bilateral Approach to the Parties in the United States Essay The bilateral approach to the parties in the United States characterizes the state power and its peculiarities for the newly born capitalist democratic country. In this respect, the observation of the political formation in the United States at the very beginning was due to the first statesmen. James Madison and George Washington were the most prominent persons. Their main argument is that in the United States there should be no more than two parties. This idea, as might be seen today, became predominant. The division of the Congress into representatives of solely two parties is the result of what James Madison once wrote in The Federalist Paper No. 10 . Thus, the firmness of the state power in the United States is the merit of the initial agreement on party division and representation between the great statesmen of the US. Polarization of the powerful forces in the United States is the fact which should logically be anticipated among two parties. In this respect, a bit philosophical position contemplates that everything in the world is broken up into two states: positive and negative. Thus, such bilateral unity makes balance in everything related to the nature and social processes in the society. To make it clear, a man living in the United States was initially encouraged to participate in the formation of a new community of people free from the imperial pretenses of England. However, it is no surprise that the first glimpses at making two major parties in America were loaned from Great Britain and its “Tory and Wigs” model. In fact, Americans are deeply inclined to support political parties as they manifests their hopes and worries about the best way of political and social development. Further still, the so-called embodiment of the state power can be weighed between two parties: Democrats and Republicans. Americans, as genuine representatives of the capitalistic model of relationships provided in the society, needed to have their job, land, and some other amenities secured by the state at the beginning. Thus, private property, rights, and obligations of citizens could be regulated through the tools of political regulation. James Madison remarked it through the following statement: From the protection of different and unequal faculties of acquiring property, the possession of different degrees and kinds of property immediately results; and from the influence of these on the sentiments and views of the respective proprietors, ensues a division of the society into different interests and parties (Madison 1). What is more, the federal government is considered to be better regulated through only two parties. The main argument that can suit this claim is that the amount of weighed contradictions is reduced to two. Thus, less time is spent on negotiations in Congress. On the other hand, Americans through their representatives in the parliament can be on the safe side from the pluralism of opinions. In turn, it leads to a fewer number of conflicts in the higher echelons of power and the American society on the whole. The “factions,” as Madison called political parties, vary in terms of the volume of the society and its overall performance. It means that the spirit of the political party incorporates the spirits that are predominant within the society. George Washington insisted on the danger which a political party embodies, but he could not fail to agree that Americans had no other way for socialization, as to have parties in the government (Washington 1). Madison followed this opinion. However, his argument as to the number of parties in any kind of society fell into the following rumination: “The smaller the society, the fewer probably will be the distinct parties and interests composing it; the fewer the distinct parties and interests, the more frequently will a majority be found of the same party” (Madison 1). Hence, the qualitative and quantitative attributes of the American society at its initial stage impulse the creation of a two-party system of governance. In accordance with the future implications of the state formation in the United States, this trend of bilateral political representation is likely to be the same. It is no wonder that this type of state administration and verification found approvals of Americans during the whole history of the country. Americans used to recognize their city living with polarized views on the political and economic development in the country. It is a matter of personal identification as an American. In fact, it is learned at the mother’s knees. Separating an American from his/her political preferences and right to vote for someone representing the Democratic or Republican Party is nonsense. To infer, the characterization of the American state power when it was in the making is quite rational in terms of the political preferences outlined by George Washington and James Madison. The idea is that Americans got accustomed to realize the predominance of only two major parties, as a pledge for stability and national growth. The longevity of bilateral political predominance is likely to be continued in the United States, as the American society sees no alternative to change it somehow. Works cited Madison, James. “The Federalist No. 10: The Utility of the Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection (continued).” 1787. American Constitution. Daily Advertiser. Web. Washington, George. “ Washington’s Farewell Address 1796 .” 2008. Lillian Goldman Law Library. Yale Law School. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Youth Crime Statistics in the US Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. How punishment for crimes was made 3. Public order transgressions 4. Involvement of minorities 5. Conclusion 6. Reference List Introduction There were 1.6 million youth crime cases which were reported in 2000 and it is less by 9 percentages when compared to the figures of 1996. More than one charge could be included in a particular case, i.e. when a youth is involved in more than one case, it will be counted as one case. There has been an increase of over 400 percent in robbery and property offenses since 1960. 48 percent of youth crime cases were referred to juvenile court by agencies for law enforcement. (Juvenile crime – The crimes-court statistics, 2009). How punishment for crimes was made Property crimes were followed by personal crimes, drug offenses, and offenses related to public order. Almost 66 percent of all youth were taken into custody for criminal activities by the law enforcement agencies in 2000 and 33 percent were handed over to the police department and later released. The remaining one percent was brought directly to criminal court. Property offenses scored about 41% of youth crimes in 2000 with the most frequently committed charge being larceny-theft, which constituted18.5% of all youth crime incidents handled in 2000. Around 23% of youth crimes are regarded as personal offenses. (Juvenile crime – The crimes-court statistics, 2009). Public order transgressions Crimes against public order which include conducting disorderly offenses related to weapons and violation of laws related to liquor constituted about 24 percent. 11.8 percent of total cases were in connection with violation of drug law and this shows a decline of 22 percent since 1996. At the same time, the number of youth crime cases leaped 43 percent from 1985 to 2000. The corresponding increase in offenses such as sex-related crimes except rape varies; violating weapon rules, liquor offenses, and other sex-related crimes vary. In 2000, the youth crime rate in juvenile court for drug offenses and public law offenses showed an increase with the age of the youth convict. At the same time, crime rates for property-related offenses peaked with the youth of 16 years of age. 17-year-old youth had a much larger increase in the rate of cases compared to younger ones. (Juvenile crime – The crimes-court statistics, 2009). Involvement of minorities The involvement of minority groups in criminal activities is remarkable. The African-American minority group is overrepresented in criminal activities. It is found that youth of color are holding a lion’s share in different crucial points in the criminal justice system. African-American youth are accounted for nearly 50 percent of the conviction for violence in 1992. In the detention centers, 43% of youth belonged to the above category and in them, 35% were of white race and19% were Hispanic people. (Disproportionate minority contact research index, n.d). It is found that ethnicity is a crucial determining factor influencing the decision-making process at various junctures in the criminal justice system including arrest, detention, and putting in training schools. In addition to this, the nature of the community in which a youth resides has a remarkable effect on his vulnerability of being a part of criminal activities. (Wilson, 1994). Conclusion In general, the causal factors responsible for the involvement of youth in crimes are found to be the following: Troubles in the family which put pressure on them, poor achievement from schooling, usage of alcohol and narcotics, mental disorders, homelessness, and peer group influence. Youth will be more prone to offenses when these factors act along with ethnicity to abet crime in the US. (Crime and victims: Youth crime, n.d). Reference List Crime and victims: Youth crime. (n.d). Home office . Web. Disproportionate minority contact research index. (n.d). Web. Juvenile crime – The crimes-court statistics. (2009). Net Industries . Web. Wilson, JJ. (1994). Disproportionate minority confinement. Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Organizations operating in the market of new technologies have various opportunities to retain talent and ensure the high morale and performance of their employees. Competitive salaries are only a part of retention solutions such companies can use. This paper includes a brief description of possible talent retention solutions and associated benchmarks that can be utilized at Visioneer, an intellectual imaging technologies developer. As mentioned above, high or rather competitive salaries often serve as a potent retention tool. However, this technique can be insufficient, especially when it comes to innovating employees. Intellectual property agreements can contribute to talent retention as employees will secure the ownership of employees’ innovation. Innovators should receive benefits, be it financial or reputational gains. In terms of these contracts, the company should guarantee the protection of an employee’s intellectual property. Since it can be more difficult to protect one’s property for an individual, employees would see this kind of agreement as a strong argument to work for the company for a prolonged period. Talent retention can also be ensured by the use of patents, trademarks, and copyright. Employees can be retained for a period of at least 20 years if they will receive certain benefits from their involvement in the development of a unique product that is eventually patented. Intellectual property contracts should include a clear and detailed description of the cases when an employee has the right to gain financial bonuses. Trademarks can be instrumental in retaining talent during prolonged periods of time as trademark protection is granted for 10 years, and it can be renewed infinitely. In order to implement a successful talent retention policy at Visioneer, it is possible to focus on the following central benchmarks. First, signing an intellectual property agreement where the types of data protected are properly outlined, and cases associated with patents and trademarks are described in detail. Second, employees receive the benefits described under the provisions of the agreement on a regular basis. This stage requires certain dissemination of information as other employees should be aware of the fact that innovators’ input is properly appreciated and rewarded. This information can motivate others and make innovators loyal to the organization. Third, pushing the boundaries and motivating employees to come up with new projects and innovations is another important benchmark. The implementation of internal competitions to participate in the development of new products is also a part of this policy. The company can offer additional resources for the creation of an innovative item to the employee who provides an idea with the most considerable commercial potential. In conclusion, it is necessary to note that talent retention policies for Visioneer must include signing an intellectual property agreement, receiving patents, and establishment of trademark rights. These measures can contribute to the retention of an employee during 10 years or longer periods. Innovators should receive competitive salaries, as well as financial gains for every innovation they develop. At least three benchmarks can ensure talent retention at Visioneer. These include signing an intellectual property agreement, the dissemination of information regarding the provision of some benefits for certain innovations among the employees, and regular incentives motivating employees to come up with innovative ideas. Of course, the amount of provided benefits should depend on the significance of innovation and its contribution to the company’s profit generation.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Poetic Elements in “Catch” by Robert Francis Essay (Critical Writing) “Catch” by Robert Francis belongs to the most inspirational pieces of American poetry of the twentieth century. In his poem, the author compares the process of creating poetry to a sports game. Francis employs a variety of poetic elements such as metaphor, simile, epithet, an interesting rhythmic pattern, alliteration, assonance, and repetition. Out of all these devices, I would like to elaborate on sound effects as the most noteworthy poetic element in the poem. In the first line, there are two cases of assonance. Diphthong [ou] is used in the words “uncoached” and “poem” (1). Although the word “boy” has a diphthong [oi] in it, it is quite possible to trace assonance between this word and “tossing” (1). The words “attitudes,” “latitudes,” and “altitudes” all start with sound [æ], making another example of assonance (3). One more case is noted in the words “high” and “fly”: sound [ai] (4). The next issue of assonance is in words “tricky” and “risky”: sound [i] (7). The last one is noticed in the words “tree” and “sweet”: sound [i:] (9). Alliteration is another important sound effect in the poem, although its instances are not as numerous as assonance. Sound [s] is used at the beginning of the words “stoop” and “scoop” (4-5). The same sound is used in several words inline 5. Even though it is not in the initial position, it plays an important role in creating an engaging sound effect: “as-almost-as possible miss” (5). In the last line, sound [p] makes a great phonetic impression by being used in several words in a row: “posy,” “pretty,” and “plump” (11). The third sound effect is the rhythmic pattern used in the poem. The repetition of words that have similar parts makes the lines sound more substantial and distinct. Such repetition makes the reader want to linger on these lines and even reread them to evaluate the poetic mastery of the author. The element “hand” is used five times in succession: “overhand,” “underhand,” “backhand,” “hand,” and “everything” (2). In the very next line, the same effect is created with the help of a suffix “-ude” and ending “-s” in four words: “attitudes,” “latitudes,” “interludes,” and “altitudes” (3). Another way of enriching the rhythmic pattern of the poem is the use of the same word in the initial position in two consequent lines: “anything” at the beginning of lines 7 and 8 and “over” at the beginning of lines 9 and 10. Sound effects (alliteration, assonance, and rhythm) draw my attention because they make the poem sound rather vigorous. These instances produce an impact both visually and when reading the poem aloud. They give the poem some substantial carcass to stand on and defend its position. I think that by focusing the audience’s attention on sound effects, the author hopes to encourage the readers to seek for the meaning of the poem. Not only does Francis write about the creation of poetry but he also demonstrates a variety of ways of making a poem sound engaging and memorable. The metaphoric group of effects is also rather significant, but it requires a more thorough analysis. Meanwhile, sound effects are easier to discern and immediately draw attention to the ideas expressed in the poem. Thus, the author reaches the aim of explaining his point of view on the creative process by drawing readers’ attention with the help of alliteration, assonance, and rhythmic patterns. Work Cited Francis, Robert. “Catch.” Poem Hunter , n.d., Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
The problem is in understanding how the mind and body can interact because of their different natures. Monism and dualism are two opposite worldviews that explain these interactions between humans’ minds and bodies from different perspectives (Bunge 11). From this point, the mind-body debate is based on the opposition between monists and dualists as representatives of two philosophical schools. While referring to the personal opinion regarding the mind-body debate, it is possible to state that the principles of dualism are more correlated with modern psychological views because they are not as radical as monists’ ideas; therefore, my views can be discussed as dualistic. It is important to note that the mind-body debate is an important question in the modern scientific field, despite its philosophical roots. Adherents of monistic and dualistic views are focused on finding the answer to the question about the relationship between mental and physical processes in human organisms. According to the assumptions typical of dualism, the mind and body are entities that are independent in some way, and people’s minds and bodies can influence each other (Bunge 12). However, according to the principles of monism, “only one substance exists”; but those monists who support the ideas of materialism or phenomenalism “disagree about the exact nature of that substance” (Grankvist et al. 126). As a result, it is almost impossible to find the answer that can address the views of all philosophers and psychologists who are interested in determining the nature of the mind and body interaction. Dualism can be discussed as a philosophical view that tends to demonstrate the real interaction between the mind and body without underestimating the role of this or that entity in a person’s life. For instance, while referring to personal experience, it is possible to agree that the mind can control physical processes as a separate substance. Thus, it is important to distinguish between reason and physics. Furthermore, physical processes can control the human mind and feelings at the level of hormones. For example, changes in hormone levels can influence a person’s thinking, but it is inappropriate to state that the reason is in the fact that only one substance exists. Dualists believe that two substances interact with each other (Riekki et al. 112). Thus, monists’ focus only on material or mental objects and substances can limit the understanding of the mind and body, as well as associated processes. On the contrary, observations focused on explaining people’s behaviors demonstrate that two opposite processes control people’s actions. Even if one can agree that it is necessary to concentrate only on one substance, it is reasonable to refer to property dualism rather than monism. According to the principles of property dualism, “the world consists of only one substance, this substance has two kinds of properties: physical and mental” (Grankvist et al. 126). Therefore, modern dualism can be discussed as addressing the interests of different categories of thinkers and scientists. As a result, dualistic views are selected as more appropriate for me to answer the mind-body question. It is also important to concentrate on the aspects of a reasoning process to explain the provided conclusions. The task is to avoid inductive reasoning and make sure that all used premises are true to guarantee that my reasoning is deductive (Evans and Over 102). For instance, while referring to the mind-body debate, it is important to focus on a logical discussion of dualism as a worldview that not only explains the independence of the mind and body as two substances but also supports the idea that when the substance is single, it has two properties. As a result, human nature is dualistic. While developing these premises, it is important to avoid confirmation bias because it can prevent a person from making logical conclusions, and it can lead to inductive reasoning (Evans and Over 103). From this point, confirmation bias is observed when a person is interested in finding facts and interpretations that support his or her idea. To avoid confirmation bias, one should focus on examining the literature and analyzing experiences without focusing on this or that presupposition. Currently, there is not enough evidence to address the mind-body question and state that monists’ or dualists’ ideas are true and supported by facts. Therefore, people are inclined to share this or that philosophical view regarding their experience or reasoning. In this context, much attention should be paid to deductive reasoning because it is based on logically grouped and carefully evaluated facts. At this stage, it is important to avoid confirmation bias that can prevent a person from drawing reasonable conclusions. From this perspective, views regarding the dualistic or monistic nature of humans should be supported by conclusions made as a result of a deductive reasoning process. Works Cited Bunge, Mario. The Mind-Body Problem: A Psychobiological Approach . Elsevier, 2014. Evans, Jonathon, and David Over. Rationality and Reasoning . Psychology Press, 2013. Grankvist, Gunne, et al. “The Relationship between Mind-Body Dualism and Personal Values.” International Journal of Psychological Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, 2016, pp. 126-132. Riekki, Tapani, et al. “Conceptions about the Mind-Body Problem and Their Relations to Afterlife Beliefs, Paranormal Beliefs, Religiosity, and Ontological Confusions.” Advances in Cognitive Psychology, vol. 9, no. 3, 2013, pp. 112-120.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Composers began to resort to the uncommon forms of the expression of their ideas that were reflected in unique melodies. According to Kamien (2018), this style differed from classicism with “unprecedented emphasis on self-expression and individuality of style” (p. 219). Although composers continued using some musical forms of the past era, emotional intensity became the main feature of the romantic movement. Dynamic and harmonic shades became richer compared with those that were common during the classical period. Music acquired a more revolutionary and free character, and composers had an opportunity to realize all their creative ideas boldly. One of the representatives of musical romanticism was Frédéric Chopin, the creator of a piano ballad style. He was famous for his unique waltzes that became a vivid reflection of expressive ideas and were filled with drama and vivid emotions. Kamien (2018) gives an example of “Nocturne in E Flat Major,” the outstanding work that reveals Chopin’s art to the full extent. Transitions from one register to another are the technique that allows achieving the effect of changing the mood and reflects the colorfulness of a melodic line. Another representative of musical romanticism was Robert Schumann, the author of lyrical works filled with sensual motifs. The composer created concerts for the piano and dedicated his career to making several cycles. Kamien (2018) notes that the compilation “Fantasy Pieces” consisting of eight individual parts was one of the most significant of Schumann’s works. Each of the pieces had its unique character and mood, which was the feature of romanticism as a style where a change of emotions was the leading method of influencing the public. Reference Kamien, R. (2018). Music: An appreciation (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
What Is the Most Dangerous Job at the Wal-Mart Coursework Although Wal-Mart provides employment to a large population in the world, it has been accused of disobeying some of the basic human protection requirements in the workplace. The most dangerous job in Wal-Mart is working as a fabric cutter in the clothing department. Fabric cutters are employees are employed to cut fabric from the large sizes to the small required sizes ready for sale to consumers at retail prices. However, some of the reports released have indicated that there are claims that the fabric cutters are not provided with protective devices. For example, the company does not provide safety gloves to the fabric cutters (Workplace Fairness, 2011) especially to the overseas employees. This is against the basic workplace rights where employees working in risky sections should be provided with protective devices. The report further reported that a cost benefit analysis carried by the company indicated that shipping gloves overseas was costly than washing the blood stained clothes and exporting them (Workplace Fairness, 2011). This is some kind of exploitation where the company is more concerned on making profits instead of making safety of its employees. It also rights exploitation of the employees. This job is risk given that the employees are exposed to body injuries and cuts from the machines. Other risks associated with the job are infection from the fabric dusts and cutes from blades and scissors. The employees are aware of the risks associated with the job they are involved in. This is because they are the ones who have reported of being mistreated and violated by the overseas management of Wal-Mart chain stores. However, the employees have little say over the issue because they are not allowed to have unions that can be used for collective bargains on better working conditions (Vedder & Jacobs, 2007). This has made it impossible to campaign for their working rights because the employees cannot be allowed to demand for their working rights. It is also imperative to note that the workers are discriminated because of their nationality and race in regard to the subject matter. It is in my opinion that the employees are aware of the risk associated with operating or cutting fabric without proper protective gloves. The reason why the employees continue to work under this condition knowingly is because of the increased unemployment levels and cost of living. The workers have families to take care of and they accept anything they get. The risk associated with cutting fabric is not reasonable and acceptable. This is because, the United States Department of Labour requires all the employees to be provided with protective devices when handling machines or any apparatus that may cause bodily harm (United States Department of Labour, n.d). This makes the risk unacceptable as it is the mandate of the organization like Wal-Mart to provide its employees with the required protective wear. The Occupational Safety & Health Administration notes that it is reasonable to safeguard employees and protect them from preventable and needless injuries and cuts (United States Department of Labour, n.d). Therefore Wal-Mart violates the rights of the employees knowingly as it tries to cut down its costs at the expense of the employees. Employees’ rights should always be observed and protected as they are the reason why the business operates smoothly on daily basis. Reference List Allhoff, F., Vaidya, A. (2005). Business ethics: Ethical theory, distributive justice, and corporate social responsibility . New Delhi: Sage Publication India PVT Ltd. DeWitt, B. J. (2005). Wal-Mart: A people’s perspective . Web. Martin, A. (2011). Female Wal-Mart employees file new bias case. The New York Times . Web. Medvet. (2005). Workplace drug & alcohol testing. Web. Siekman, L. (2011). Wal-Mart and the Glass Ceiling . Web. SRI World Group. (2000). Glass ceiling still unshattered . Web. United States Department of Labour. (n.d ). Chapter 1 – Basics of machine safeguarding . Web. Vedder, R.K., & Jacobs, K. (2007). Is Wal-Mart Good or Bad for America? A debate . Web. Walmart. (2008). Wal-Mart: statement of ethics . Web. Workplace fairness. (2011). The good, the bad, and Wal-Mart . Web.
|
human
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
human
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.