TrainingDataPro/sat-questions-and-answers-for-llm

id int64 1 1.15k	subject stringclasses 2 values	prompt stringlengths 9 850 ⌀	A stringlengths 1 156	B stringlengths 2 188	C stringlengths 3 181	D stringlengths 3 188	E stringlengths 3 207	answer stringclasses 12 values
447	us_history	During the late 1800s newly arrived immigrants supported political machines primarily because	political machines offered them jobs and essential city services in exchange for their votes	political machines committed fraud to get their candidates elected when necessary	political machines received kickbacks from businesses	political bosses were fellow immigrants	political bosses supported the settlement-house movement and public education reform	A
448	us_history	The first shiploads of British colonists who settled on the Atlantic coast faced all the following problems EXCEPT:	hunger	disease	difficult winter weather	implacable hostility of the Native Americans	lack of essential supplies	D
450	us_history	The British were the first Europeans to settle all the following colonies EXCEPT:	Rhode Island	Connecticut	New York	Pennsylvania	Virginia	C
451	us_history	The colonists took all the following actions in opposition to the Stamp Act EXCEPT:	tarring and feathering the stamp agents	convening the Stamp Act Congress in New York City	passing resolutions declaring the Stamp Act illegitimate	boycotting British imports	sending the Olive Branch Petition to Parliament	E
452	us_history	Which one of the following men spearheaded the religious revival known as the Great Awakening of the mid-1700s?	Benjamin Franklin	William Penn	Jonathan Edwards	Edmund Andros	Oliver Cromwell	C
453	us_history	Congress passed the National Recovery Act in 1933 to do all the following EXCEPT:	stabilize prices	create jobs through public-works projects	allow industries to regulate themselves	raise wages	enforce antitrust laws	E
454	us_history	Who pays the big election expenses of your con gressman ?... Do you imagine those who foot those huge bills are fools? Don't you know that they make sure of getting their money back, with interest? The speaker of the above quotation most likely supported which of the following?	Progressivism	Prohibition	Segregation	Reconstruction	Cronyism	A
455	us_history	All the following contributed to the decline of the Colored Farmers' Alliance EXCEPT:	racial divisions within the Alliance movement	declining membership	use of violence by white farmers against black workers	failure of a cotton pickers' strike in 1891	expansion of the national money supply	E
456	us_history	All the following photographers created important visual records of aspects of U.S. history EXCEPT:	Jacob Riis	Matthew Brady	Dorothea Lange	Jessie Tarbox Beals	Ansel Adams	E
457	us_history	The Articles of Confederation did not provide a good basis for government primarily because	they established no legislative branch for the national government	they gave the federal government no power to raise money from the states	they put too much power in the hands of the federal judiciary	they reserved no individual rights to the states of the Union	they required a unanimous vote of all the states to pass any legislation	B
458	us_history	The Populist Party of the 1890s supported all the following EXCEPT:	a graduated income tax	maintaining the gold standard	bank regulation	voting reform	limits on immigration	B
459	us_history	Which of the following novelists wrote mainly about the social class whose lifestyle Thorstein Veblen described in 1899 as the embodiment of "conspicu ous consumption"?	Mark Twain	J. D. Salinger	Edith Wharton	Jack London	Ernest Hemingway	C
460	us_history	The Armory Show of 1913 was significant primarily because	it displayed the results of an explosion in a shingle factory	it was the first major exhibition of modern art in the United States	it was entirely under the control of the American Museum Association	it convinced the public that European painters were better than U.S. painters	it was a huge success with the critics and the public	B
461	us_history	President Lyndon B. Johnson became the national leader most responsible for ending racial segregation by taking all the following actions EXCEPT:	integrating the armed forces	appointing Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme Court	signing into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964	creating the Office of Economic Opportunity	signing into law the Voting Rights Act of 1965	A
462	us_history	The French and Indian War resulted in all the following EXCEPT:	Colonists gained their first experience of organized military action.	France ceded all territory east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans, to Britain.	Seeds of distrust and resentment were sown between the British Army and the colonial volunteers.	Britain accumulated an enormous war debt.	Colonial legislatures voted to approve Ben Franklin's Albany Plan of Union.	E
464	us_history	Which of the following is a classic American novel of adolescent rebellion?	Moby-Dickby Herman Melville	The Catcher in the Ryeby J. D. Salinger	To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee	My ántonia by Willa Cather	The Moon Is Down by John Steinbeck	B
465	us_history	All the following combined to help form the Free Soil Party in 1848 EXCEPT:	farmers	land reformers	industrial workers	abolitionists	Southern conservatives	E
466	us_history	Which of the following resulted when the workers at the Carnegie Steel Company of Homestead, PA, went on strike in 1892?	Eugene Debs made a public speech expressing support for the strikers.	The company had the union leaders arrested for theft.	Strikers achieved their goal of higher wages.	Andrew Carnegie resigned as chairman of U.S. Steel.	Management locked the workers out of the plant.	E
467	us_history	Rather than trying to climb the economic ladder, people are becoming more concerned with relation ships and family and community involvement. The speaker of the above quotation is most likely commenting on the passage into law of which of the following?	Family and Medical Leave Act	North American Free Trade Agreement	Immigration Act	Operation Restore Hope	Contract with America	A
468	us_history	Mr. Rockefeller has systematically played with loaded dice. . . . Business played in this way loses all its sportsmanlike qualities. It is fit only for tricksters. The above statement most likely was made by which of the following muckraking journalists in which exposé?	Ida M. Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company	Lincoln Steffens, Tweed Days in St. Louis	Theodore Dreiser, The Financier	Ray Stannard Baker, Following the Color Line	Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives	A
469	us_history	Which of the following African-American leaders wroteUp From Slavery?	Malcolm X	Frederick Douglass	Ida B. Wells-Barnett	Booker T. Washington	Medgar Evers	D
470	us_history	Women who opposed passage of the Equal Rights Amendment did so primarily because	they believed that women do not deserve the same rights as men	they did not want to lose certain privileges, such as exemption from the military draft	they felt that it would destroy women's role in the home	they thought it was best to fight for equality on a local level	they did not want to lose any of the rights for which they had fought for so many decades	B
471	us_history	Which of the following granted all African-American men the right to vote?	The Emancipation Proclamation	The Reconstruction Acts	The Freedmen's Bureau	The Fifteenth Amendment	The Enforcement Acts	D
472	us_history	Which of the following administrations authorized continued financial aid to the Nicaraguan Contras in defiance of congressional laws against it?	Gerald Ford	Jimmy Carter	Ronald Reagan	George H. W. Bush	George W. Bush	C
473	us_history	The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 specified which of the following?	The federal government would sell land in the Northwest Territory on credit.	The Northwest Territory was divided into townships and lots that were sold to the public.	Any precious metals discovered in the Northwest Territory were the property of the federal government.	Only Native Americans were entitled to live in the Northwest Territory.	When a section of the Northwest Territory had a large enough population, it could draft a constitution and apply for statehood.	E
474	us_history	Eleanor Roosevelt accomplished all the following EXCEPT:	writing a daily newspaper column	holding the post of special ambassador to the United Nations	visiting soldiers in dangerous combat zones such as Guadalcanal	taking a public stand in favor of civil rights for African Americans	founding the National Organization for Women	E
475	us_history	In the aftermath of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson	urged U.S. neutrality toward European nations	fought for the establishment of the League of Nations	signed the Balfour Declaration with Great Britain	participated in a peace conference in Berlin	vetoed the Espionage and Sedition Acts	B
476	us_history	Hillary Rodham Clinton is the first first lady to do which of the following?	Hold elected political office	Publish an autobiography	Fight for education and health-care reform	Get a college education	Restore and redecorate public rooms in the White House	A
477	us_history	The Black Codes of the late 1860s had which of the following purposes?	To restore the status quo of Southern society before the Civil War	To enforce freedmen's right to vote	To allow African Americans to hold elected office	To intimidate Democrats into staying away from the polls	To nullify the Secession Acts of 1860 and 1861	A
478	us_history	During the mid-1800s farmers faced all the following problems EXCEPT:	The supply of crops exceeded the demand for them.	They incurred debt from purchases of land or equipment.	The prices of crops had fallen.	There were no protective tariffs on imported crops.	The Grange and Alliance movements prevented them from organizing.	E
479	us_history	Strikes led by members of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union had all the following effects EXCEPT:	Employers agreed to raise wages.	Employers agreed to shorten the workweek.	Employers agreed to a closed shop.	Union membership rose by the tens of thousands.	Many African American women joined the strikers.	C
480	us_history	Theodore Roosevelt began his presidency with all the following goals EXCEPT:	fighting rigid class distinctions in U.S. society	speaking his mind on important issues of the day	forcing corporations to serve the public good	overseeing ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment on woman suffrage	fighting unethical and illegal conduct in big businesses	D
481	us_history	Which of the following does NOT characterize the Clinton administrations of the 1990s?	Economic prosperity	Federal budget surpluses	Low unemployment rates	Passage of important social legislation	Strained relations with foreign allies	E
482	us_history	American Tories remained loyal to Great Britain during the Revolutionary War for all the following reasons EXCEPT:	belief that it was immoral to turn against a hereditary monarch	desire to protect the power and wealth they enjoyed as British subjects	personal loyalty to King George III	unwillingness to commit what they believed was treason by taking up arms against Britain	belief that the various acts of Parliament were neither onerous nor oppressive	E
483	us_history	All the following factors led to the decline and fall of the Industrial Workers of the World EXCEPT:	the failure of several labor strikes	people's fear of the IWW's methods and goals	refusal of employers to accept an open shop	a government crackdown on union activity	conflict within the IWW leadership	C
484	us_history	Europeans explored and colonized the "New World" for all the following motives EXCEPT:	desire for religious and political freedom	expansion of European-based empires	discovery of the Northwest Passage	greed for gold, treasure, and natural resources	assimilation into New World cultures	E
485	us_history	Which of the following was NOT a prominent protest group during the civil rights era?	Southern Christian Leadership Conference	Fair Employment Practices Committee	Montgomery Improvement Association	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee	Congress of Racial Equality	B
486	us_history	American pop music of the 1960s was characterized by all the following EXCEPT:	song lyrics with political messages	use of electrically amplified instruments	a new link between rock and folk music	a rise in the popularity of big bands	song lyrics that protested against "the establishment"	D
487	us_history	We are people of this generation, bred in at least modest comfort, housed now in universities, looking uncomfortably to the world we inherit. The author of the above quotation most likely would have supported which of the following movements?	Counterculture	Labor	Temperance	Religious revival	Feminist	A
488	us_history	The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was called primarily to	integrate U.S. society along race, gender, and class lines	declare that women and men should have equal rights	revise the Declaration of Independence	force the president of the United States to grant women the right to vote	do away with the economic system based on owning private property	B
489	us_history	All the following authors were considered members of the nineteenth-century Transcendentalist commu nity EXCEPT:	Bronson Alcott	Ralph Waldo Emerson	Margaret Fuller	Henry David Thoreau	Emily Dickinson	E
490	us_history	Henry Clay's American System called for all the following EXCEPT:	a national bank	protective tariffs	a national transportation system	a sound national currency	a free-trade agreement with Great Britain	E
492	us_history	Which one of the following men did NOT play a key role in the U.S. military during the Revolutionary War?	Benedict Arnold	Ethan Allen	Samuel Adams	George Rogers Clark	Nathaniel Greene	C
493	us_history	The Japanese Internment of World War II was focused primarily on Japanese-Americans who resided in the following state:	Florida	California	New York	Illinois	Michigan	B
494	us_history	Demobilization after World War I had all the follow ing effects on the economy EXCEPT:	Factories cut back production and dismissed workers.	Crop prices fell to new lows.	Prices of consumer goods went up.	Women were pressured into giving up their jobs to men.	Employment rates rose as veterans returned to the workforce.	E
495	us_history	During the 1920s African Americans migrated to the North primarily to	join the NAACP	escape violence and oppression	organize unions for African-American laborers	take jobs on cattle ranches or acquire homesteads	take part in major protests against racial discrimination	B
496	us_history	This bill will destroy our common life and will rob us of everything which we hold dear-our lands, our customs, our traditions. The speaker of the above quotation most likely was referring to which of the following?	The Bursum Bill	The Taft-Hartley Act	The Sherman Antitrust Act	The Immigration Act	The Equal Rights Amendment	A
497	us_history	All the following were Union generals during the Civil War EXCEPT:	William Tecumseh Sherman	Ambrose Burnside	Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson	Ulysses S. Grant	George McClellan	C
498	us_history	The GI Bill of Rights gave millions of veterans the opportunity to	get a college education	join a branch of the armed forces	refuse combat duty	move to Canada	be given a fair trial if court-martialed	A
499	us_history	All the following were parts of the Anaconda Plan in the Civil War EXCEPT:	a Union blockade of Confederate ports	a siege of Richmond by federal troops	a campaign to destroy Southern railroads and industries	cutting the South in half by seizing the Mississippi	assaulting coastal ports to seize trading vessels	B
500	us_history	Theodore Roosevelt's "Square Deal" called for all the following EXCEPT:	limiting the power of trusts	enacting cuts in personal income taxes	promoting public health and safety	improving working conditions for the laboring class	balancing the interests of big business, consumers, and labor	B
501	us_history	Which of the following novels is a literary icon of the Jazz Age?	The Troll Gardenby Willa Cather	The Great Gatsbyby F. Scott Fitzgerald	The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton	Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck	The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James	B
502	us_history	In Powell v. Alabama, the Supreme Court revoked the death sentences of the "Scottsboro boys" on the grounds that	the police had forced the defendants to confess their guilt	the defendants had been denied the right to a trial by jury	the defendants had alibis from eyewitnesses who had not been allowed to testify	the defendants had been denied the right to due process	the defendants had been framed for crimes committed by other people	D
503	us_history	For what did you throw off the yoke of Britain and call yourselves independent? Was it from a disposi tion fond of change, or to procure new masters ?... This new form of national government . . . will be dangerous to your liberty and happiness. The speaker of the above quotation was most likely a member of which group?	Federalists	Sons of Liberty	Democrats	Antifederalists	Tories	D
504	us_history	All the following were New Deal programs EXCEPT:	Civil Works Administration	Reconstruction Finance Corporation	National Labor Relations Act	Farm Security Administration	Federal Housing Administration	B
505	us_history	Which of the following was a leader of Sioux resist ance in the 1870s?	Chief Joseph	Geronimo	Squanto	Sitting Bull	Powhatan	D
506	us_history	The eastern half of which present-day state was called "Indian Territory" until 1907?	Nebraska	Kansas	Oklahoma	Colorado	Arizona	C
507	us_history	Nativists took all the following steps to protest immigration EXCEPT:	committing violence against immigrants	vandalizing Catholic churches because they were centers of immigrant neighborhoods	forming a political party to support restrictions on immigration	lynching immigrants and blaming African Americans for the crimes	electing many state and local officials who discriminated against immigrants	D
508	us_history	Before 1800, most immigrants to the United States were	Mexican	British	Dutch	German	Chinese	B
509	us_history	The United States acquired the last of the territory that would make up the contiguous United States during which decade?	1770s	1800s	1840s	1850s	1950s	D
510	us_history	Between 1830 and 1860, the majority of European immigrants to the United States were from	France and Hungary	Belgium and Switzerland	Italy and Spain	Ireland and Germany	Russia and Greece	D
511	us_history	Which section of Article VI of the Constitution states that when federal and state laws come into conflict with each other, ultimate authority is given to federal laws?	Eminent domain	Supremacy clause	Public domain	Sovereignty clause	Elastic clause	B
512	us_history	The Indian Removal Act of 1830 stated that	all East Indian immigrants were to be deported	burial grounds would be established for Native Americans killed in conflict with federal troops	all Native American images would be removed from public display	Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River would be relocated	all government officials of Native American ancestry would be dismissed from their posts	D
514	us_history	William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech at the Democratic Convention of 1896 proposed which of the following?	That the United States maintain the gold standard	That a cross of gold be erected on the White House lawn	That silver be coined to inflate the U.S. currency	That churches pay income taxes to aid the poor	That the United States sell gold to foreign investors	C
515	us_history	Cesar Chavez became prominent in the 1960s as	the speaker of the house in Texas	a bilingual television host in California	the head of an organization that promoted Hispanic boxers	the leader of the United Farm Workers	the first Hispanic mayor of a U.S. city	D
516	us_history	The first President of the Independent Republic of Texas was	Sam Houston	Walter Dallas	Stephen F. Austin	Jim Bowie	Dallas Green	A
517	us_history	All the following innovations were a direct result of the growth of U.S. cities from 1865 to 1900 EXCEPT:	the elevator	the skyscraper	the automobile	trolley cars	steel frame construction	C
518	us_history	One of the best ways to cope with (fear), is to turn it around and put it out to others . . . if you are afraid of the dark, you put the audience in a dark theater. I had a great fear of the ocean. This quotation most likely describes which of the following blockbuster American films?	Gone With the Wind	Star Wars	Jaws	The Sound of Music	The Wizard of Oz	C
519	us_history	Which of the following made New York the first state to grant women the right to own property?	The Nineteenth Amendment, 1920	The Married Women's Property Act, 1848	The Emancipation Proclamation, 1863	The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments, 1848	The Fourteenth Amendment, 1868	B
520	us_history	Which of the following helped make the Second Great Awakening a success?	The growth of Lutheranism	Early German immigration	The preaching of Jonathan Edwards	A decline in Protestant denominations	Circuit riders, or itinerant ministers	E
521	us_history	Which of the following is a nickname for the gener ation born between 1945 and 1965?	The lost generation	The beat generation	The baby boom generation	The peace generation	Generation X	C
522	us_history	Which of the following is a broad program created by Martin Luther King, Jr., to confront the issues of U.S. economic inequalilty and poverty regardless of race.	The Poor People's Campaign	The March on Washington	Affirmative action	Black power	War on Poverty	A
523	us_history	Which of the 13 British colonies was founded on the southern frontier of British North America to provide a fresh start for debtors?	South Carolina	Virginia	Florida	Georgia	North Carolina	D
524	us_history	Pickett's Charge became the turning point for the Union against the Confederacy in which of the following Civil War battles?	Chancellorsville	Gettysburg	Antietam	Vicksburg	Second Bull Run	B
525	us_history	During the 1860s and 1870s federal troops repeat edly clashed with Native Americans in which of the following regions?	Northeast	Great Lakes	Southeast	Mississippi Valley	Great Plains	E
526	us_history	Which of the following proposed a 1930s relief program in which money would be taken from the wealthy and given to the poor?	Harold Ickes	Huey Long	John Nance Garner	Alf Landon	Father Charles Coughlin	B
527	us_history	Mary Boykin Chesnut is best known for which of the following?	Writing a diary that documents home life on the plantation during the Civil War	Acting as a spy, passing secret troop placements to the Union	Writing newspaper editorials opposing the Confederacy	Running for the Senate in 1864	Harboring runaway slaves in South Carolina	A
528	us_history	Which group opposed ratification of the Constitution because its members feared a powerful national government?	Whigs	Continentalists	Tories	Democratic-Republicans	Antifederalists	E
529	us_history	Which of the following leaders did NOT sign the Treaty of Versailles, ending World War I?	Woodrow Wilson	Georges Clemenceau	Vittorio Orlando	Henry Cabot Lodge	David Lloyd George	D
530	us_history	The active colonial protest group called Sons of Lib erty first organized in which of the following cities?	Philadelphia	New York	Boston	Williamsburg	Charleston	C
531	us_history	Powers shared by the federal and state governments are called	concurrent powers	sovereign powers	bicameral powers	reduced powers	federal powers	A
532	us_history	The first election in which the Twenty-Sixth Amend ment (allowing 18-year olds to vote) was in effect was held in	1948	1964	1972	1976	1980	C
533	us_history	The term "planned obsolescence" refers to which of the following?	The practice of letting a contract expire	An urban planning strategy designed to rebuild neighborhoods on a timed schedule	The business practice of manufacturing products specifically designed to go out of style and be replaced by new models	A temporary construction site	The government system for maturing savings bonds	C
534	us_history	The skyscraper boom in U.S. cities was facilitated by Elisha Otis's development of	the revolving door	the elevator	the telephone	refrigeration	the lightbulb	B
535	us_history	Which of the following Eastern tribes was NOT a member of the Iroquois League?	Seneca	Mohawk	Onondaga	Delaware	Cayuga	D
536	us_history	Which prominent U.S. inventor was known as "the Wizard of Menlo Park"?	Albert Einstein	Alexander Graham Bell	Henry Ford	Tobias Fuller	Thomas Edison	E
537	us_history	All the following statements support the theory that the West was developed by big business, big government, and technology EXCEPT:	The government gave away land to anyone who would claim it, live on it, and farm it.	The railroad companies brought thousands of Chinese immigrants to the West.	The U.S. Army protected the settlers and evicted Native Americans.	The railroad made it possible to transport necessary supplies to pioneer farmers in rural areas.	Farmers had no national association to which they could apply for help.	E
538	us_history	The phrase "Great White Hope" refers to which of the following?	Babe Ruth, whose home run hitting restored faith in baseball after the Black Sox scandal of 1919	Boston Celtics basketball star Larry Bird	The women's gymnastics team at the 1980 Olympic Games	A white boxer good enough to defeat Jack Johnson, world heavyweight champion in 1908	Swedish tennis champion Bjorn Borg	D
539	us_history	All the following factors combined to cause the United States to declare war on Great Britain in 1812 EXCEPT:	U.S. desire to acquire Canada and Florida	bumbling policies of President James Madison	impressment of U.S. sailors into the British Navy	British alliance with and support of Native American tribes	U.S. purchase of New France, later called the Louisiana Territory	E
540	us_history	In 1837 Horace Mann worked for all the following publicschool reforms in Massachusetts EXCEPT:	raising teacher salaries	pressuring the legislature to increase funding for schools	opening the nation's first public high schools	starting teacher training schools	updating the curriculum	C
541	us_history	Some historians date the start of the Civil War to April 1861 when	John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry	South Carolina seceded from the United States	Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter, South Carolina	President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation	Union troops laid siege to Richmond, Virginia	C
542	us_history	The primary cause of the market revolution of the early 1800s was	the creation of a national bank	the building of national roads and canals	the abandonment of the gold standard	the development of refrigeration	the signing of an international trade agreement	B
543	us_history	The Voting Rights Act of 1975 stated which of the following?	Young people between the ages of 18 and 21 had the right to vote.	People must register with a political party in order to vote.	Resident aliens could vote in local elections.	People did not have to reveal which candidates they voted for.	Voting materials must be made available in a variety of languages.	E
544	us_history	The party reached out mostly to men, to young, black urban men who were on the streets, who knew that there were no options somewhere in their lives. The speaker of the above quotation most likely is referring to which of the following?	The Black Panther Party	The civil rights movement	The Reform Party	The Urban League	The Socialist Party	A
545	us_history	Which of the following was NOT a U.S. victory in the Pacific in World War II?	The attack on Guadalcanal	The Battle of the Coral Sea	The Battle of the Bulge	The Battle of Midway	The Battle of Leyte Gulf	C
546	us_history	Congress passed the War Powers Act primarily because	Presidents Johnson and Nixon had usurped congressional authority in making war on Vietnam	the United States had not achieved a clear victory in Vietnam	the Vietnam War had been unpopular with the voters from the beginning	Congress believed that only the president should have the power to declare war	the public wanted to end the military draft and replace it with an all-volunteer army	A
547	us_history	The U.S. Department of Agriculture was created primarily to assist which of the following?	tenant farmers who were forced off their land during the Dust Bowl era	former slaves who wanted to acquire homesteads in the West	miners who fought against unsafe working conditions	struggling farmers on the Great Plains	ranchers who wanted to import a healthier breed of cattle	D
548	us_history	The Atlantic Charter, signed by the United States and Great Britain in 1941, stated all the following EXCEPT:	Aggressor nations would be disarmed after the end of the war.	All nations had the right to choose their own form of government.	All nations should have equal and free access to international trade.	The United States and Great Britain would not expand their territory.	Germany would be split into two nations at the end of the war.	E
549	us_history	I didn't want to believe it at first-people protest ing against us when we were putting our lives on the line for our country. The speaker of the above quotation is most likely a veteran of the	Korean War	Vietnam War	Persian Gulf War	invasion of Afghanistan	war in Iraq	B
550	us_history	All the following are major photojournalists of the Great Depression EXCEPT:	Margaret Bourke-White	Walker Evans	Althea Gibson	Dorothea Lange	Gordon Parks	C

447

us_history

During the late 1800s newly arrived immigrants supported political machines primarily because

political machines offered them jobs and essential city services in exchange for their votes

political machines committed fraud to get their candidates elected when necessary

political machines received kickbacks from businesses

political bosses were fellow immigrants

political bosses supported the settlement-house movement and public education reform

A

448

us_history

The first shiploads of British colonists who settled on the Atlantic coast faced all the following problems EXCEPT:

hunger

disease

difficult winter weather

implacable hostility of the Native Americans

lack of essential supplies

D

450

us_history

The British were the first Europeans to settle all the following colonies EXCEPT:

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New York

Pennsylvania

Virginia

C

451

us_history

The colonists took all the following actions in opposition to the Stamp Act EXCEPT:

tarring and feathering the stamp agents

convening the Stamp Act Congress in New York City

passing resolutions declaring the Stamp Act illegitimate

boycotting British imports

sending the Olive Branch Petition to Parliament

E

452

us_history

Which one of the following men spearheaded the religious revival known as the Great Awakening of the mid-1700s?

Benjamin Franklin

William Penn

Jonathan Edwards

Edmund Andros

Oliver Cromwell

C

453

us_history

Congress passed the National Recovery Act in 1933 to do all the following EXCEPT:

stabilize prices

create jobs through public-works projects

allow industries to regulate themselves

raise wages

enforce antitrust laws

E

454

us_history

Who pays the big election expenses of your con gressman ?... Do you imagine those who foot those huge bills are fools? Don't you know that they make sure of getting their money back, with interest? The speaker of the above quotation most likely supported which of the following?

Progressivism

Prohibition

Segregation

Reconstruction

Cronyism

A

455

us_history

All the following contributed to the decline of the Colored Farmers' Alliance EXCEPT:

racial divisions within the Alliance movement

declining membership

use of violence by white farmers against black workers

failure of a cotton pickers' strike in 1891

expansion of the national money supply

E

456

us_history

All the following photographers created important visual records of aspects of U.S. history EXCEPT:

Jacob Riis

Matthew Brady

Dorothea Lange

Jessie Tarbox Beals

Ansel Adams

E

457

us_history

The Articles of Confederation did not provide a good basis for government primarily because

they established no legislative branch for the national government

they gave the federal government no power to raise money from the states

they put too much power in the hands of the federal judiciary

they reserved no individual rights to the states of the Union

they required a unanimous vote of all the states to pass any legislation

B

458

us_history

The Populist Party of the 1890s supported all the following EXCEPT:

a graduated income tax

maintaining the gold standard

bank regulation

voting reform

limits on immigration

B

459

us_history

Which of the following novelists wrote mainly about the social class whose lifestyle Thorstein Veblen described in 1899 as the embodiment of "conspicu ous consumption"?

Mark Twain

J. D. Salinger

Edith Wharton

Jack London

Ernest Hemingway

C

460

us_history

The Armory Show of 1913 was significant primarily because

it displayed the results of an explosion in a shingle factory

it was the first major exhibition of modern art in the United States

it was entirely under the control of the American Museum Association

it convinced the public that European painters were better than U.S. painters

it was a huge success with the critics and the public

B

461

us_history

President Lyndon B. Johnson became the national leader most responsible for ending racial segregation by taking all the following actions EXCEPT:

integrating the armed forces

appointing Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme Court

signing into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964

creating the Office of Economic Opportunity

signing into law the Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

462

us_history

The French and Indian War resulted in all the following EXCEPT:

Colonists gained their first experience of organized military action.

France ceded all territory east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans, to Britain.

Seeds of distrust and resentment were sown between the British Army and the colonial volunteers.

Britain accumulated an enormous war debt.

Colonial legislatures voted to approve Ben Franklin's Albany Plan of Union.

E

464

us_history

Which of the following is a classic American novel of adolescent rebellion?

Moby-Dickby Herman Melville

The Catcher in the Ryeby J. D. Salinger

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee

My ántonia by Willa Cather

The Moon Is Down by John Steinbeck

B

465

us_history

All the following combined to help form the Free Soil Party in 1848 EXCEPT:

farmers

land reformers

industrial workers

abolitionists

Southern conservatives

E

466

us_history

Which of the following resulted when the workers at the Carnegie Steel Company of Homestead, PA, went on strike in 1892?

Eugene Debs made a public speech expressing support for the strikers.

The company had the union leaders arrested for theft.

Strikers achieved their goal of higher wages.

Andrew Carnegie resigned as chairman of U.S. Steel.

Management locked the workers out of the plant.

E

467

us_history

Rather than trying to climb the economic ladder, people are becoming more concerned with relation ships and family and community involvement. The speaker of the above quotation is most likely commenting on the passage into law of which of the following?

Family and Medical Leave Act

North American Free Trade Agreement

Immigration Act

Operation Restore Hope

Contract with America

A

468

us_history

Mr. Rockefeller has systematically played with loaded dice. . . . Business played in this way loses all its sportsmanlike qualities. It is fit only for tricksters. The above statement most likely was made by which of the following muckraking journalists in which exposé?

Ida M. Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company

Lincoln Steffens, Tweed Days in St. Louis

Theodore Dreiser, The Financier

Ray Stannard Baker, Following the Color Line

Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives

A

469

us_history

Which of the following African-American leaders wroteUp From Slavery?

Malcolm X

Frederick Douglass

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

Booker T. Washington

Medgar Evers

D

470

us_history

Women who opposed passage of the Equal Rights Amendment did so primarily because

they believed that women do not deserve the same rights as men

they did not want to lose certain privileges, such as exemption from the military draft

they felt that it would destroy women's role in the home

they thought it was best to fight for equality on a local level

they did not want to lose any of the rights for which they had fought for so many decades

B

471

us_history

Which of the following granted all African-American men the right to vote?

The Emancipation Proclamation

The Reconstruction Acts

The Freedmen's Bureau

The Fifteenth Amendment

The Enforcement Acts

D

472

us_history

Which of the following administrations authorized continued financial aid to the Nicaraguan Contras in defiance of congressional laws against it?

Gerald Ford

Jimmy Carter

Ronald Reagan

George H. W. Bush

George W. Bush

C

473

us_history

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 specified which of the following?

The federal government would sell land in the Northwest Territory on credit.

The Northwest Territory was divided into townships and lots that were sold to the public.

Any precious metals discovered in the Northwest Territory were the property of the federal government.

Only Native Americans were entitled to live in the Northwest Territory.

When a section of the Northwest Territory had a large enough population, it could draft a constitution and apply for statehood.

E

474

us_history

Eleanor Roosevelt accomplished all the following EXCEPT:

writing a daily newspaper column

holding the post of special ambassador to the United Nations

visiting soldiers in dangerous combat zones such as Guadalcanal

taking a public stand in favor of civil rights for African Americans

founding the National Organization for Women

E

475

us_history

In the aftermath of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson

urged U.S. neutrality toward European nations

fought for the establishment of the League of Nations

signed the Balfour Declaration with Great Britain

participated in a peace conference in Berlin

vetoed the Espionage and Sedition Acts

B

476

us_history

Hillary Rodham Clinton is the first first lady to do which of the following?

Hold elected political office

Publish an autobiography

Fight for education and health-care reform

Get a college education

Restore and redecorate public rooms in the White House

A

477

us_history

The Black Codes of the late 1860s had which of the following purposes?

To restore the status quo of Southern society before the Civil War

To enforce freedmen's right to vote

To allow African Americans to hold elected office

To intimidate Democrats into staying away from the polls

To nullify the Secession Acts of 1860 and 1861

A

478

us_history

During the mid-1800s farmers faced all the following problems EXCEPT:

The supply of crops exceeded the demand for them.

They incurred debt from purchases of land or equipment.

The prices of crops had fallen.

There were no protective tariffs on imported crops.

The Grange and Alliance movements prevented them from organizing.

E

479

us_history

Strikes led by members of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union had all the following effects EXCEPT:

Employers agreed to raise wages.

Employers agreed to shorten the workweek.

Employers agreed to a closed shop.

Union membership rose by the tens of thousands.

Many African American women joined the strikers.

C

480

us_history

Theodore Roosevelt began his presidency with all the following goals EXCEPT:

fighting rigid class distinctions in U.S. society

speaking his mind on important issues of the day

forcing corporations to serve the public good

overseeing ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment on woman suffrage

fighting unethical and illegal conduct in big businesses

D

481

us_history

Which of the following does NOT characterize the Clinton administrations of the 1990s?

Economic prosperity

Federal budget surpluses

Low unemployment rates

Passage of important social legislation

Strained relations with foreign allies

E

482

us_history

American Tories remained loyal to Great Britain during the Revolutionary War for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

belief that it was immoral to turn against a hereditary monarch

desire to protect the power and wealth they enjoyed as British subjects

personal loyalty to King George III

unwillingness to commit what they believed was treason by taking up arms against Britain

belief that the various acts of Parliament were neither onerous nor oppressive

E

483

us_history

All the following factors led to the decline and fall of the Industrial Workers of the World EXCEPT:

the failure of several labor strikes

people's fear of the IWW's methods and goals

refusal of employers to accept an open shop

a government crackdown on union activity

conflict within the IWW leadership

C

484

us_history

Europeans explored and colonized the "New World" for all the following motives EXCEPT:

desire for religious and political freedom

expansion of European-based empires

discovery of the Northwest Passage

greed for gold, treasure, and natural resources

assimilation into New World cultures

E

485

us_history

Which of the following was NOT a prominent protest group during the civil rights era?

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Fair Employment Practices Committee

Montgomery Improvement Association

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

Congress of Racial Equality

B

486

us_history

American pop music of the 1960s was characterized by all the following EXCEPT:

song lyrics with political messages

use of electrically amplified instruments

a new link between rock and folk music

a rise in the popularity of big bands

song lyrics that protested against "the establishment"

D

487

us_history

We are people of this generation, bred in at least modest comfort, housed now in universities, looking uncomfortably to the world we inherit. The author of the above quotation most likely would have supported which of the following movements?

Counterculture

Labor

Temperance

Religious revival

Feminist

A

488

us_history

The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was called primarily to

integrate U.S. society along race, gender, and class lines

declare that women and men should have equal rights

revise the Declaration of Independence

force the president of the United States to grant women the right to vote

do away with the economic system based on owning private property

B

489

us_history

All the following authors were considered members of the nineteenth-century Transcendentalist commu nity EXCEPT:

Bronson Alcott

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Margaret Fuller

Henry David Thoreau

Emily Dickinson

E

490

us_history

Henry Clay's American System called for all the following EXCEPT:

a national bank

protective tariffs

a national transportation system

a sound national currency

a free-trade agreement with Great Britain

E

492

us_history

Which one of the following men did NOT play a key role in the U.S. military during the Revolutionary War?

Benedict Arnold

Ethan Allen

Samuel Adams

George Rogers Clark

Nathaniel Greene

C

493

us_history

The Japanese Internment of World War II was focused primarily on Japanese-Americans who resided in the following state:

Florida

California

New York

Illinois

Michigan

B

494

us_history

Demobilization after World War I had all the follow ing effects on the economy EXCEPT:

Factories cut back production and dismissed workers.

Crop prices fell to new lows.

Prices of consumer goods went up.

Women were pressured into giving up their jobs to men.

Employment rates rose as veterans returned to the workforce.

E

495

us_history

During the 1920s African Americans migrated to the North primarily to

join the NAACP

escape violence and oppression

organize unions for African-American laborers

take jobs on cattle ranches or acquire homesteads

take part in major protests against racial discrimination

B

496

us_history

This bill will destroy our common life and will rob us of everything which we hold dear-our lands, our customs, our traditions. The speaker of the above quotation most likely was referring to which of the following?

The Bursum Bill

The Taft-Hartley Act

The Sherman Antitrust Act

The Immigration Act

The Equal Rights Amendment

A

497

us_history

All the following were Union generals during the Civil War EXCEPT:

William Tecumseh Sherman

Ambrose Burnside

Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson

Ulysses S. Grant

George McClellan

C

498

us_history

The GI Bill of Rights gave millions of veterans the opportunity to

get a college education

join a branch of the armed forces

refuse combat duty

move to Canada

be given a fair trial if court-martialed

A

499

us_history

All the following were parts of the Anaconda Plan in the Civil War EXCEPT:

a Union blockade of Confederate ports

a siege of Richmond by federal troops

a campaign to destroy Southern railroads and industries

cutting the South in half by seizing the Mississippi

assaulting coastal ports to seize trading vessels

B

500

us_history

Theodore Roosevelt's "Square Deal" called for all the following EXCEPT:

limiting the power of trusts

enacting cuts in personal income taxes

promoting public health and safety

improving working conditions for the laboring class

balancing the interests of big business, consumers, and labor

B

501

us_history

Which of the following novels is a literary icon of the Jazz Age?

The Troll Gardenby Willa Cather

The Great Gatsbyby F. Scott Fitzgerald

The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton

Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck

The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James

B

502

us_history

In Powell v. Alabama, the Supreme Court revoked the death sentences of the "Scottsboro boys" on the grounds that

the police had forced the defendants to confess their guilt

the defendants had been denied the right to a trial by jury

the defendants had alibis from eyewitnesses who had not been allowed to testify

the defendants had been denied the right to due process

the defendants had been framed for crimes committed by other people

D

503

us_history

For what did you throw off the yoke of Britain and call yourselves independent? Was it from a disposi tion fond of change, or to procure new masters ?... This new form of national government . . . will be dangerous to your liberty and happiness. The speaker of the above quotation was most likely a member of which group?

Federalists

Sons of Liberty

Democrats

Antifederalists

Tories

D

504

us_history

All the following were New Deal programs EXCEPT:

Civil Works Administration

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

National Labor Relations Act

Farm Security Administration

Federal Housing Administration

B

505

us_history

Which of the following was a leader of Sioux resist ance in the 1870s?

Chief Joseph

Geronimo

Squanto

Sitting Bull

Powhatan

D

506

us_history

The eastern half of which present-day state was called "Indian Territory" until 1907?

Nebraska

Kansas

Oklahoma

Colorado

Arizona

C

507

us_history

Nativists took all the following steps to protest immigration EXCEPT:

committing violence against immigrants

vandalizing Catholic churches because they were centers of immigrant neighborhoods

forming a political party to support restrictions on immigration

lynching immigrants and blaming African Americans for the crimes

electing many state and local officials who discriminated against immigrants

D

508

us_history

Before 1800, most immigrants to the United States were

Mexican

British

Dutch

German

Chinese

B

509

us_history

The United States acquired the last of the territory that would make up the contiguous United States during which decade?

1770s

1800s

1840s

1850s

1950s

D

510

us_history

Between 1830 and 1860, the majority of European immigrants to the United States were from

France and Hungary

Belgium and Switzerland

Italy and Spain

Ireland and Germany

Russia and Greece

D

511

us_history

Which section of Article VI of the Constitution states that when federal and state laws come into conflict with each other, ultimate authority is given to federal laws?

Eminent domain

Supremacy clause

Public domain

Sovereignty clause

Elastic clause

B

512

us_history

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 stated that

all East Indian immigrants were to be deported

burial grounds would be established for Native Americans killed in conflict with federal troops

all Native American images would be removed from public display

Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River would be relocated

all government officials of Native American ancestry would be dismissed from their posts

D

514

us_history

William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech at the Democratic Convention of 1896 proposed which of the following?

That the United States maintain the gold standard

That a cross of gold be erected on the White House lawn

That silver be coined to inflate the U.S. currency

That churches pay income taxes to aid the poor

That the United States sell gold to foreign investors

C

515

us_history

Cesar Chavez became prominent in the 1960s as

the speaker of the house in Texas

a bilingual television host in California

the head of an organization that promoted Hispanic boxers

the leader of the United Farm Workers

the first Hispanic mayor of a U.S. city

D

516

us_history

The first President of the Independent Republic of Texas was

Sam Houston

Walter Dallas

Stephen F. Austin

Jim Bowie

Dallas Green

A

517

us_history

All the following innovations were a direct result of the growth of U.S. cities from 1865 to 1900 EXCEPT:

the elevator

the skyscraper

the automobile

trolley cars

steel frame construction

C

518

us_history

One of the best ways to cope with (fear), is to turn it around and put it out to others . . . if you are afraid of the dark, you put the audience in a dark theater. I had a great fear of the ocean. This quotation most likely describes which of the following blockbuster American films?

Gone With the Wind

Star Wars

Jaws

The Sound of Music

The Wizard of Oz

C

519

us_history

Which of the following made New York the first state to grant women the right to own property?

The Nineteenth Amendment, 1920

The Married Women's Property Act, 1848

The Emancipation Proclamation, 1863

The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments, 1848

The Fourteenth Amendment, 1868

B

520

us_history

Which of the following helped make the Second Great Awakening a success?

The growth of Lutheranism

Early German immigration

The preaching of Jonathan Edwards

A decline in Protestant denominations

Circuit riders, or itinerant ministers

E

521

us_history

Which of the following is a nickname for the gener ation born between 1945 and 1965?

The lost generation

The beat generation

The baby boom generation

The peace generation

Generation X

C

522

us_history

Which of the following is a broad program created by Martin Luther King, Jr., to confront the issues of U.S. economic inequalilty and poverty regardless of race.

The Poor People's Campaign

The March on Washington

Affirmative action

Black power

War on Poverty

A

523

us_history

Which of the 13 British colonies was founded on the southern frontier of British North America to provide a fresh start for debtors?

South Carolina

Virginia

Florida

Georgia

North Carolina

D

524

us_history

Pickett's Charge became the turning point for the Union against the Confederacy in which of the following Civil War battles?

Chancellorsville

Gettysburg

Antietam

Vicksburg

Second Bull Run

B

525

us_history

During the 1860s and 1870s federal troops repeat edly clashed with Native Americans in which of the following regions?

Northeast

Great Lakes

Southeast

Mississippi Valley

Great Plains

E

526

us_history

Which of the following proposed a 1930s relief program in which money would be taken from the wealthy and given to the poor?

Harold Ickes

Huey Long

John Nance Garner

Alf Landon

Father Charles Coughlin

B

527

us_history

Mary Boykin Chesnut is best known for which of the following?

Writing a diary that documents home life on the plantation during the Civil War

Acting as a spy, passing secret troop placements to the Union

Writing newspaper editorials opposing the Confederacy

Running for the Senate in 1864

Harboring runaway slaves in South Carolina

A

528

us_history

Which group opposed ratification of the Constitution because its members feared a powerful national government?

Whigs

Continentalists

Tories

Democratic-Republicans

Antifederalists

E

529

us_history

Which of the following leaders did NOT sign the Treaty of Versailles, ending World War I?

Woodrow Wilson

Georges Clemenceau

Vittorio Orlando

Henry Cabot Lodge

David Lloyd George

D

530

us_history

The active colonial protest group called Sons of Lib erty first organized in which of the following cities?

Philadelphia

New York

Boston

Williamsburg

Charleston

C

531

us_history

Powers shared by the federal and state governments are called

concurrent powers

sovereign powers

bicameral powers

reduced powers

federal powers

A

532

us_history

The first election in which the Twenty-Sixth Amend ment (allowing 18-year olds to vote) was in effect was held in

1948

1964

1972

1976

1980

C

533

us_history

The term "planned obsolescence" refers to which of the following?

The practice of letting a contract expire

An urban planning strategy designed to rebuild neighborhoods on a timed schedule

The business practice of manufacturing products specifically designed to go out of style and be replaced by new models

A temporary construction site

The government system for maturing savings bonds

C

534

us_history

The skyscraper boom in U.S. cities was facilitated by Elisha Otis's development of

the revolving door

the elevator

the telephone

refrigeration

the lightbulb

B

535

us_history

Which of the following Eastern tribes was NOT a member of the Iroquois League?

Seneca

Mohawk

Onondaga

Delaware

Cayuga

D

536

us_history

Which prominent U.S. inventor was known as "the Wizard of Menlo Park"?

Albert Einstein

Alexander Graham Bell

Henry Ford

Tobias Fuller

Thomas Edison

E

537

us_history

All the following statements support the theory that the West was developed by big business, big government, and technology EXCEPT:

The government gave away land to anyone who would claim it, live on it, and farm it.

The railroad companies brought thousands of Chinese immigrants to the West.

The U.S. Army protected the settlers and evicted Native Americans.

The railroad made it possible to transport necessary supplies to pioneer farmers in rural areas.

Farmers had no national association to which they could apply for help.

E

538

us_history

The phrase "Great White Hope" refers to which of the following?

Babe Ruth, whose home run hitting restored faith in baseball after the Black Sox scandal of 1919

Boston Celtics basketball star Larry Bird

The women's gymnastics team at the 1980 Olympic Games

A white boxer good enough to defeat Jack Johnson, world heavyweight champion in 1908

Swedish tennis champion Bjorn Borg

D

539

us_history

All the following factors combined to cause the United States to declare war on Great Britain in 1812 EXCEPT:

U.S. desire to acquire Canada and Florida

bumbling policies of President James Madison

impressment of U.S. sailors into the British Navy

British alliance with and support of Native American tribes

U.S. purchase of New France, later called the Louisiana Territory

E

540

us_history

In 1837 Horace Mann worked for all the following publicschool reforms in Massachusetts EXCEPT:

raising teacher salaries

pressuring the legislature to increase funding for schools

opening the nation's first public high schools

starting teacher training schools

updating the curriculum

C

541

us_history

Some historians date the start of the Civil War to April 1861 when

John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry

South Carolina seceded from the United States

Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter, South Carolina

President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

Union troops laid siege to Richmond, Virginia

C

542

us_history

The primary cause of the market revolution of the early 1800s was

the creation of a national bank

the building of national roads and canals

the abandonment of the gold standard

the development of refrigeration

the signing of an international trade agreement

B

543

us_history

The Voting Rights Act of 1975 stated which of the following?

Young people between the ages of 18 and 21 had the right to vote.

People must register with a political party in order to vote.

Resident aliens could vote in local elections.

People did not have to reveal which candidates they voted for.

Voting materials must be made available in a variety of languages.

E

544

us_history

The party reached out mostly to men, to young, black urban men who were on the streets, who knew that there were no options somewhere in their lives. The speaker of the above quotation most likely is referring to which of the following?

The Black Panther Party

The civil rights movement

The Reform Party

The Urban League

The Socialist Party

A

545

us_history

Which of the following was NOT a U.S. victory in the Pacific in World War II?

The attack on Guadalcanal

The Battle of the Coral Sea

The Battle of the Bulge

The Battle of Midway

The Battle of Leyte Gulf

C

546

us_history

Congress passed the War Powers Act primarily because

Presidents Johnson and Nixon had usurped congressional authority in making war on Vietnam

the United States had not achieved a clear victory in Vietnam

the Vietnam War had been unpopular with the voters from the beginning

Congress believed that only the president should have the power to declare war

the public wanted to end the military draft and replace it with an all-volunteer army

A

547

us_history

The U.S. Department of Agriculture was created primarily to assist which of the following?

tenant farmers who were forced off their land during the Dust Bowl era

former slaves who wanted to acquire homesteads in the West

miners who fought against unsafe working conditions

struggling farmers on the Great Plains

ranchers who wanted to import a healthier breed of cattle

D

548

us_history

The Atlantic Charter, signed by the United States and Great Britain in 1941, stated all the following EXCEPT:

Aggressor nations would be disarmed after the end of the war.

All nations had the right to choose their own form of government.

All nations should have equal and free access to international trade.

The United States and Great Britain would not expand their territory.

Germany would be split into two nations at the end of the war.

E

549

us_history

I didn't want to believe it at first-people protest ing against us when we were putting our lives on the line for our country. The speaker of the above quotation is most likely a veteran of the

Korean War

Vietnam War

Persian Gulf War

invasion of Afghanistan

war in Iraq

B

550

us_history

All the following are major photojournalists of the Great Depression EXCEPT:

Margaret Bourke-White

Walker Evans

Althea Gibson

Dorothea Lange

Gordon Parks

C