TrainingDataPro/sat-questions-and-answers-for-llm

id int64 1 1.15k	subject stringclasses 2 values	prompt stringlengths 9 850 ⌀	A stringlengths 1 156	B stringlengths 2 188	C stringlengths 3 181	D stringlengths 3 188	E stringlengths 3 207	answer stringclasses 12 values
551	us_history	The first U.S. school where women and African Americans, as well as men, could earn a four-year college degree was	Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio	Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania	Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts	Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut	The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	A
552	us_history	Which of the following works of the American the ater explicitly compares McCarthyism to the Puritan "witch hunts" of Salem, Massachusetts?	A Man for All Seasons by Robert Bolt	The Crucibleby Arthur Miller	Strange Interludeby Eugene O'Neill	Angels in Americaby Tony Kushner	Assassins by Stephen Sondheim	B
553	us_history	Samuel Colt's revolver, which was patented in the United States in 1836, revolutionized armed combat because of which of the following innovations?	It did not have to be taken apart during reloading.	It could be used as either a firing weapon or a bayonet.	It had sights along the barrel that improved accuracy.	It could be fired six times before being reloaded.	It enabled the soldier to shoot from a greater distance.	D
554	us_history	Which of the following machines, invented in 1793, was primarily responsible for an economic boom in the South?	Eli Whitney's cotton gin	Robert Fulton's steam engine	Henry Bessemer's steel converter	John Deere's tractor	Edwin L. Drake's oil drill	A
555	us_history	The Great Migration took place during which of the following decades?	1920s	1850s	1890s	1960s	1990s	A
556	us_history	The growth of the railroad industry in the 1870s stimulated all the following EXCEPT:	settlement of Western states	growth in the steel industry	expansion of markets for trade and sales	high employment rates	development of the automobile	E
557	us_history	James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay were all	members of President George Washington's cabinet	signers of the Declaration of Independence	authors of the Federalist Papers	prominent Antifederalists	heroes of Revolutionary War battles	C
558	us_history	All the following characterize the Native American literary tradition EXCEPT:	trickster tales	creation stories	fables featuring animal characters	tales based on the sacred books of Native American religion	stories passed down orally over generations	D
559	us_history	During the 1770s punitive Acts of Parliament were aimed primarily at Massachusetts because	Massachusetts's governor was a member of the Sons of Liberty	Bostonians had provoked the Boston Massacre and had held the Boston Tea Party	the stamp agent for Massachusetts had been attacked and thrown out of town	the Massachusetts legislature had abolished slavery throughout the colony	the people of Massachusetts did not believe in the separation of church and state	B
560	us_history	The main components of Henry Clay's American System were	a canal, railroads, and lower taxes	low tariffs, public education, military spending, and agriculture	a national bank, a protective tariff, and a national transportation system	trade with Europe, income taxes, and deficit spending	states' rights, local transportation, and a tax on Southern farmers	C
561	us_history	All the following were possible motives for President Harry S. Truman using the atomic bomb against Japan EXCEPT:	Japan refused to surrender.	Truman wanted to dismantle Japan's nuclear facilities.	the bombing could prevent a costly U.S. land invasion of Japan.	Truman wished to demonstrate the power of the bomb to the Soviet Union.	The United States wanted revenge for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.	B
562	us_history	As the automobile industry developed, it promoted the growth of all the following EXCEPT:	the asphalt and road-paving industries	the advertising business	the oil-refining industry	the telephone and telegraph industries	the importation of rubber	D
563	us_history	The nickname "Star Wars" refers to which of the following?	Public arguments among cabinet members during the Ford administration	The race to be the first nation to land an astronaut on the moon	A missile-based defense system conceived by President Ronald Reagan	The race for the top ratings for the evening network news broadcasts in the 1990s	Special Prosecutor Kenneth Starr's tactics during his investigation of allegations against President Bill Clinton	C
564	us_history	Jazz is a blend of all the following musical influences EXCEPT:	spirituals	the blues	hymns	work songs	ragtime	C
565	us_history	It was a pleasure to live in those good old days, when a Federalist could knock a Republican down in the streets and not be questioned about it. The speaker of the above quotation most likely was referring to which decade in history?	1800s	1850s	1870s	1920s	1960s	A
566	us_history	Which political party was formed during the 1890s to address the concerns of U.S. farmers?	Democratic Party	Republican Party	Progressive Party	Populist Party	Socialist Party	D
567	us_history	African Americans and women first served in combat duty in which of the following wars?	Revolutionary War	World War I	Vietnam War	Persian Gulf War	War in Iraq	A
568	us_history	Which of the following groups did NOT help form the Free-Soil Party in 1848?	Abolitionists	Farmers	Industrial workers	Land reformers	Southern conservatives	E
569	us_history	Which of the following works would be most useful to a historian researching the living conditions of immigrants in New York City in the 1890s?	The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton	How the Other Half Livesby Jacob Riis	Theory of the Leisure Classby Thorstein Veblen	The Bloodhounds of Broadway by Damon Runyon	The Gangs of New York by Herbert Asbury	B
570	us_history	Civil rights groups opposed the Vietnam War primarily because	they supported the North Vietnamese and the communists	the media had stopped covering the civil rights movement in order to cover the war news	money that had been earmarked for social programs was diverted to military use	they objected to the war on religious and pacifist grounds	they wanted to prevent the reelection of President Lyndon Johnson	C
571	us_history	Accusations of improper conduct in the personal life of a candidate for high office are an example of which of the following?	Muckraking	Mudslinging	Gerrymandering	Grandstanding	Posturing	B
572	us_history	Whenever I hear anyone arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally. The speaker of the above quotation is probably which of the following?	Jefferson Davis	Abraham Lincoln	Theodore Roosevelt	Stephen Douglas	Robert Lee	B
573	us_history	The precedent for a free press in the United States was set by a trial involving which of the following?	Thomas Paine	John Peter Zenger	Samuel Adams	Phillis Wheatley	Frederick Douglass	B
574	us_history	In 1837, Democratic Party members of Congress passed a "gag rule" forbidding any discussion or debate of	corruption	sedition	abolition	expansion	imperialism	C
575	us_history	Which of the following established a court system in the United States?	The Articles of Confederation	The Bill of Rights	The Fifth Amendment	The Sixth Amendment	The Judiciary Act of 1789	E
576	us_history	A man who is good enough to shed his blood for his country is good enough to be given a square deal afterwards. More than that no man is entitled to, and less than that no man shall have. Which of the following is most likely true of the speaker of the above quotation?	He believed in equal opportunities for people of all social classes.	He approved of U.S. involvement in foreign wars.	He felt that veterans were entitled to special benefits.	He was likely to side with owners rather than workers in labor disputes.	He supported an all-volunteer military rather than a military draft.	A
577	us_history	All of the following were proposals of Alexander Hamilton EXCEPT:	a national bank	repeal of the whiskey tax	protective tariffs	the federal government should assume state debts incurred during the Revolution	direct support to industry by government subsidies	B
578	us_history	Which of the following did President Abraham Lincoln quote from in his Gettysburg Address?	The Constitution	The Declaration of Independence	Common Sense	The Federalist Papers	The Emancipation Proclamation	B
579	us_history	The American Federation of Labor was founded in 1886 as a result of	the Haymarket Riot	the election of President Grover Cleveland	a severe financial panic	federal legislation	negotiations between owners and workers	A
580	us_history	Which of the following spurred young people in the United States to push for the ratification of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment?	Opposition to the Vietnam War	Support for a Republican administration	Concern for veterans' rights	Commitment to civil rights for all Americans	Determination to ensure equal rights for men and women	A
581	us_history	Which of the following was designed to enforce the provisions of the Eighteenth [Prohibition] Amendment?	Kansas-Nebraska Act	War Powers Act	Voting Rights Act	Volstead Act	Pure Food and Drug Act	D
582	us_history	A supporter of the Niagara Movement of 1905 prob ably would applaud all the following EXCEPT:	civil rights	federal antilynching legislation	integration of the public schools	the African Colonization Society	the founding of the NAACP	D
583	us_history	To show their opposition to the Stamp Act, colonists took all the following actions EXCEPT:	holding a meeting of colonial leaders in New York City	calling up the members of the various colonial militias to active duty	passing local legislation that declared the Stamp Act illegal	refusing to purchase any products imported from Great Britain	tarring and feathering the stamp agents	B
584	us_history	All the following are major African-American literary figures EXCEPT:	Frederick Douglass	Richard Wright	Ralph Ellison	James Weldon Johnson	Harriet Beecher Stowe	E
585	us_history	The Erie Canal connected the Great Lakes with which of the following?	The Pacific Ocean	The Mississippi River	The Hudson River	The Cumberland Road	The Chesapeake Bay	C
586	us_history	All the following contributed to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's election to an unprecedented third term EXCEPT:	his skill at conducting the war in Europe	his outstanding skill as a political campaigner	his success in creating jobs	his opponent's failure to offer attractive alternatives to Roosevelt's policies	his enormous personal popularity and ability to inspire people with his courage and optimism	A
587	us_history	W. E. B. DuBois disagreed with Booker T. Wash ington's argument against African-American politi cal activism primarily because	DuBois felt that African Americans' political activism would force the white majority to correct racial injustice	DuBois felt that only African Americans had any right to speak about racial issues	DuBois felt that Washington was a tool of the white majority	DuBois had no faith in African Americans' ability to help themselves	DuBois supported the African Colonization Society	A
588	us_history	President Harry S. Truman ordered the dropping of atomic bombs on Japanese cities primarily because	he wanted to save U.S. lives by forcing the Japanese to surrender	he wanted to intimidate the German Army into surrendering	he wanted the United States to be in the strongest possible position during peace negotiations with the other Allied Powers	he wanted Japan to shut down its own nuclear facilities	he wanted to destroy the capital city of Japan	A
589	us_history	The resignations of which two men made Gerald R. Ford president of the United States?	Bob Haldeman and John Erlichman	Spiro Agnew and Richard Nixon	Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan	Robert Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson	Henry Morgenthau and Harold Ickes	B
590	us_history	Which of the following most accurately defines Transcendentalism?	The belief that people can rise above material things in life to reach a higher understanding	The belief that one religion could transcend denominationalism	The belief that the Puritan faith could be combined with Unitarianism	The belief that Native Americans could never attain heaven	The belief in predestination and God's assignment at birth of people to their fate	A
591	us_history	The Sixteenth Amendment, passed in 1913, did which of the following?	Made the sale of alcoholic beverages illegal	Gave women the right to vote	Allowed for direct election of U.S. senators	Enabled Congress to levy taxes on income	Raised the voting age to 21	D
592	us_history	The Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during	the presidential election of 1860	the presidential election of 1864	the congressional debate over secession	the House of Representatives elections of 1854	the Senate elections of 1858	E
593	us_history	The Wright Brothers developed an airplane using experience gained from	working with locomotives and large engines	operating a bicycle shop and experimenting with small engines	repairing tractors and farm equipment	designing steam engines	manufacturing sewing machines	B
594	us_history	Which of the following describes one major effect of President Warren G. Harding's economic policies?	The elimination of tariffs on imported goods	A rise in union membership	Increased profits for business owners	Increased profits for farmers	Strict enforcement of antitrust legislation	C
595	us_history	Which of the following took its name from a British political party that opposed the power of the monarch?	The Know-Nothings	The Mugwumps	The Republicans	The Bull Moose Party	The Whigs	E
596	us_history	The Native American literary tradition can be best described as which of the following?	Classical poetry	Folk songs	Sermons	Creation myths and legends	Oral history	D
597	us_history	Which of the following commanded the United States Expeditionary Forces during World War I?	John J. Pershing	George S. Patton	Douglas MacArthur	Nathanael Greene	Dwight D. Eisenhower	A
598	us_history	The remains of one of the most sophisticated prehis toric native civilizations north of Mexico are pre served at Cahokia, Illinois. The people who lived at this site were called:	the Toltec	the Choctaw	the Mound Builders	the Creek Nation	the Anasazi	C
599	us_history	. . . government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. This statement was first made in which of the following?	The Preamble to the Constitution	The Declaration of Independence	The Magna Carta	The Fifteenth Amendment	The Gettysburg Address	E
600	us_history	The total value of all goods and services produced in a nation during a given year is referred to as	the federal deficit	the import-export ratio	the federal budget	the gross national product	the distribution of wealth	D
601	us_history	The Iran hostage crisis had an impact on which presidential election?	1972	1976	1980	1984	1988	C
602	us_history	Spirituals were of great importance to which of the following?	The Methodist Church	Occult groups in New Orleans	Slaves on plantations	Catholic missions in the Southwest	Immigrant funerals	C
603	us_history	Which of the following best describes Andrew Carnegie's practice of acquiring companies that pro vided raw materials and services for his steel business?	Vertical integration	Lateral growth	Cross-disciplinary exploitation	Venture capitalism	Horizontal integration	A
604	us_history	The ability to get to the verge without getting into war is the necessary art. The speaker is describing which of the following?	Brinksmanship	Appeasement	Imperialism	Dollar diplomacy	Containment	A
605	us_history	Which of the following was NOT an action author ized by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in 1914?	The investigation of corporations	A ban on fraudulent or unfair business practices	The use of the courts to enforce FTC rulings	The levying of taxes on interstate commerce	The targeting of abuses such as mislabeling and false claims	D
606	us_history	Which of the following constituted the most signifi cant international impact of the War of 1812?	It caused diplomatic tensions between the United States and Spain.	It forced France to nullify the Louisiana Purchase.	It lessened shipping commerce on the Great Lakes.	It forced the United States to police the Atlantic Ocean.	It removed the British from the Northwest Territories	E
607	us_history	George Washington's first cabinet consisted of	secretaries of war, state, commerce, and treasury	attorney and postmaster generals and secretaries of state, treasury, and war	secretaries of war, state, labor, and commerce	secretaries of war, state, treasury, commerce, and Indian affairs	chief justice, attorney general, and secretaries of state, war, and treasury	B
608	us_history	Congressional Republicans challenged President Clinton's domestic agenda in 1994 with their own proposals, popularly known as	the Reform Act	the Economic Initiative	the Contract with America	the McCain-Feingold Bill	Operation Restore Hope	C
609	us_history	The Zapruder film, which was shot with a hand-held camera in 1963, depicts which of the following?	The invention of the hula hoop	The construction of the Pioneer 6 spacecraft	The development of the measles vaccine	The assassination of President John F. Kennedy	The Watergate hearings	D
610	us_history	All or parts of the following present-day states were part of the Mexican Cession EXCEPT:	California	Nevada	Utah	Colorado	Oklahoma	E
611	us_history	The first 10 constitutional amendments are known as	the Bill of Rights	Article VIII of the Constitution	the Civil Rights amendments	the elastic clause	the Federalist amendments	A
612	us_history	There never has yet existed a wealthy and a civi lized society in which one portion of the community did not . . . live on the labor of another. The speaker of the above quotation was defending which of the following?	The establishment of the Confederacy	South Carolina's right to secede from the United States	the creation of the National Bank	The institution of slavery	The doctrine of nullification	D
613	us_history	The two-party political system emerged in part because of which of the following?	Progressivism	Civil unrest	Sectionalism	Republicanism	Nationalism	C
614	us_history	Which one of the following people became the first female pilot to complete a solo transatlantic flight?	Charles Lindbergh	Harriet Quimby	Bessie Coleman	Gertrude Ederle	Amelia Earhart	E
615	us_history	The government's policy of allowing cattle ranchers to let their herds graze on public land was called	the roundup	range riding	the long drive	rustling	open range	E
616	us_history	Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?	To unite the Native American tribes of New York State	To discuss agricultural problems for farmers in the Eastern states	To form a society to advance the rights of women	To discuss antislavery strategies	To select a leader for a group of evangelist congregations	C
617	us_history	The turning point of the Revolutionary War was a battle fought at	Bunker Hill, Massachusetts	Saratoga, New York	Brandywine, Pennsylvania	Cowpens, South Carolina	Ticonderoga, Vermont	B
618	us_history	Which of the following was a marketing innovation of General Motors in the 1920s to help consumers buy more expensive cars?	Subliminal advertising	Rebates	Discounts for trading in an old car	Bargaining	The installment plan	E
619	us_history	Which of the following was most likely NOT a goal of George W. Bush in creating the Department of Homeland Security?	Improving airport security	Protecting transportation systems from attack	Expanding law-enforcement powers to combat terrorism	Building impenetrable walls along the Mexican and Canadian borders	Protecting vital power networks from attack	D
620	us_history	Which faction formed in opposition to President Rutherford B. Hayes's support of civil-service reform?	Progressives	National Grangers	Populists	Half-Breeds	Stalwarts	E
621	us_history	Uncle Tom's Cabin provoked strong reactions in the South because	it justified Southerners' view that slavery was morally permissible	it depicted slavery as wrong and slaveholders as corrupt	it depicted romantic relations between African Americans and whites	it predicted that the South would lose the Civil War	it had no white characters	B
622	us_history	Which of the following helped the Pilgrims survive their first year in Plymouth by showing them how to grow crops?	Pocahontas	Sacagawea	Squanto	Powhatan	Sequoya	C
623	us_history	Which of the following geographical markings established the boundary between the United States and Spanish Florida in 1795?	The 38th parallel	Fifty-four/forty	Seventy-six degrees longitude, forty degrees latitude	The 31st parallel	The Tropic of Cancer	D
624	us_history	Which of the following most aptly describes Booker T. Washington's belief about the key to social and political equality for African Americans?	Economic independence through training and education	Protesting against discrimination	Overthrowing the U.S. government	Militant opposition to U.S. policies	Activist religious organizations	A
625	us_history	During Prohibition people drank alcohol at places called	back-room pubs	bathtub gin mills	stills	speakeasies	fraternity clubs	D
626	us_history	Which of the following congressional actions gave the president authority to take "all necessary meas ures to repel any attack against forces of the United States"?	The Bursum Bill	The Dawes Act	The Tonkin Gulf Resolution	The Smoot-Hawley Tariff	The War Powers Act	C
627	us_history	Sitting Bull was an important spiritual leader of the	Apache	Comanche	Navajo	Sioux	Creek	D
628	us_history	Shays' Rebellion in 1786 is significant because it	gave the U.S. militia a chance to demonstrate its efficiency	raised doubts about the ability of a decentral ized government to deal with civil unrest	opened the door to westward expansion	united farmers against Native Americans	allowed former Revolutionary War officers to take up arms again	B
629	us_history	All the following were major crops in the antebellum South EXCEPT:	cotton	tobacco	maple syrup	rice	sugarcane	C
630	us_history	Nearly 600,000 U.S. lives were claimed in 1918-1919 by	an epidemic of influenza	World War I	an outbreak of polio	violent labor strikes	border violence with Mexico	A
631	us_history	President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger shared a belief in "realpolitik," which is best described as	a realistic belief in the ideal of democracy over any other interests	a foreign policy that puts human rights first	a foreign policy patterned after that of Germany	diplomacy guided by the writings of Immanuel Kant	a foreign policy guided by national interests rather than ideals	E
632	us_history	Which of the following was the first major farmers' organization, founded in 1867?	The 4-H Club	The National Grange	The Alliance	The American Federation of Labor	FarmAid	B
633	us_history	Which of the following was a severe low point for the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War?	The siege of Boston	The Battle of Brandywine	The Battle of Trenton	The winter at Valley Forge	The surrender at Yorktown	D
634	us_history	Balboa's sighting of the Pacific Ocean and Magellan's voyage around the tip of South America motivated other European explorers to seek which of the following?	A land route to India	Spanish permission to sail the Pacific	A caravan route to the Indies	A Northwest Passage to the Pacific and Asia	The Middle Passage to the Americas	D
635	us_history	Which of the following five Republicans who ran for president in 1824 won the election?	William Crawford of Georgia	John C. Calhoun of South Carolina	John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts	Henry Clay of Kentucky	Andrew Jackson of Tennessee	C
636	us_history	During President Theodore Roosevelt's administra tion, the federal government first began making dam aged land productive again in a process called	reclamation	rejuvenation	progressivism	conservation	preservation	A
637	us_history	Which of the following generals did President Harry S. Truman fire for interfering with peace negotia tions with Korea?	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Omar Bradley	Douglas MacArthur	James Stewart	Mark Clark	C
638	us_history	A second Industrial Revolution in the late 1800s was generated by innovations in which industries?	Automobile and railroad	Steel and oil refining	Telephone and telegraph	Advertising and radio	Agriculture and livestock	B
639	us_history	The Twenty-Third Amendment gave residents of the District of Columbia	exemption from the income tax	the right to sue the federal government	the right to vote in presidential elections	exemption from property taxes	the right to elect their own Congress	C
640	us_history	The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut of 1639 can be described as which of the following?	A set of strict religious guidelines	Precepts of the Puritans	A royal charter that established a hierarchy of authority	A peace treaty with the local Native Americans	The first written constitution in the colonies	E
641	us_history	Which of the following names the typical shelters built by the first white settlers on the Great Plains?	Adobe houses	Tepees	Sod houses	Log cabins	Prairie schooners	C
642	us_history	Which of the following explains the original purpose of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)?	To force poor people to deposit their income tax returns	To force employers to insure workers against injury	To insure corporations exploring for mineral deposits	To insure bank deposits up to $5,000	To protect banks against securities fraud	D
643	us_history	The attack launched by North Vietnamese troops on January 30, 1968, is called the Tet Offensive because	January 30 is Tet, the Vietnamese New Year	Tet is the province where fighting was launched	General Tet and his staff advisors planned the attack	the fighting began with the troops crossed the Tet River	Tet was a Vietnamese code name for the operation	A
644	us_history	Which of the following describes the most popular form of stage entertainment during the late 1800s?	Opera	Ballet	Vaudeville	Musical comedy	Tableaux	C
645	us_history	Which of the following describes General William T. Sherman's strategy of total war against the Confederacy?	Using both navy and army troops	Employing all the troops all the time	Destroying everything that would allow the Confederacy to keep fighting	Killing all enemies rather than taking them prisoner	Enlisting civilians to fight	C
646	us_history	The power of the courts to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional was established in the landmark Supreme Court case	Roe v. Wade	Marbury v. Madison	McCulloch v. Maryland	Plessy v. Ferguson	Dred Scott v. Sandford	B
647	us_history	The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 includes all the following EXCEPT:	prohibition of discrimination in employment against qualified individuals with disabilities	requirement of access for the physically dis abled to all public buildings	prohibition of discrimination against the men tally handicapped in transportation	guarantee of fair and easy access to telephone services	guarantee of scholarship opportunities for peo ple with learning disabilities	E
648	us_history	Madame C. J. Walker became a millionaire in the early 1900s by marketing	canned peas and greens	Walker's sweet potato pies	a bottled tonic for digestion	a hair-conditioning treatment for African American women	the Walker bicycle for girls	D
649	us_history	The Pilgrims were called Separatists because they had broken with	the king of England	the Catholics	the Anglican Church	the New England Way	the Jamestown Colony	C
650	us_history	The discovery of the New World resulted from the desire of many Europeans to	establish a place where they could practice their religion freely.	find an all-water route to the East.	end the practice of primogeniture.	spread Christianity around the world.	uplift and civilize other peoples of the world.	B

551

us_history

The first U.S. school where women and African Americans, as well as men, could earn a four-year college degree was

Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio

Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

A

552

us_history

Which of the following works of the American the ater explicitly compares McCarthyism to the Puritan "witch hunts" of Salem, Massachusetts?

A Man for All Seasons by Robert Bolt

The Crucibleby Arthur Miller

Strange Interludeby Eugene O'Neill

Angels in Americaby Tony Kushner

Assassins by Stephen Sondheim

B

553

us_history

Samuel Colt's revolver, which was patented in the United States in 1836, revolutionized armed combat because of which of the following innovations?

It did not have to be taken apart during reloading.

It could be used as either a firing weapon or a bayonet.

It had sights along the barrel that improved accuracy.

It could be fired six times before being reloaded.

It enabled the soldier to shoot from a greater distance.

D

554

us_history

Which of the following machines, invented in 1793, was primarily responsible for an economic boom in the South?

Eli Whitney's cotton gin

Robert Fulton's steam engine

Henry Bessemer's steel converter

John Deere's tractor

Edwin L. Drake's oil drill

A

555

us_history

The Great Migration took place during which of the following decades?

1920s

1850s

1890s

1960s

1990s

A

556

us_history

The growth of the railroad industry in the 1870s stimulated all the following EXCEPT:

settlement of Western states

growth in the steel industry

expansion of markets for trade and sales

high employment rates

development of the automobile

E

557

us_history

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay were all

members of President George Washington's cabinet

signers of the Declaration of Independence

authors of the Federalist Papers

prominent Antifederalists

heroes of Revolutionary War battles

C

558

us_history

All the following characterize the Native American literary tradition EXCEPT:

trickster tales

creation stories

fables featuring animal characters

tales based on the sacred books of Native American religion

stories passed down orally over generations

D

559

us_history

During the 1770s punitive Acts of Parliament were aimed primarily at Massachusetts because

Massachusetts's governor was a member of the Sons of Liberty

Bostonians had provoked the Boston Massacre and had held the Boston Tea Party

the stamp agent for Massachusetts had been attacked and thrown out of town

the Massachusetts legislature had abolished slavery throughout the colony

the people of Massachusetts did not believe in the separation of church and state

B

560

us_history

The main components of Henry Clay's American System were

a canal, railroads, and lower taxes

low tariffs, public education, military spending, and agriculture

a national bank, a protective tariff, and a national transportation system

trade with Europe, income taxes, and deficit spending

states' rights, local transportation, and a tax on Southern farmers

C

561

us_history

All the following were possible motives for President Harry S. Truman using the atomic bomb against Japan EXCEPT:

Japan refused to surrender.

Truman wanted to dismantle Japan's nuclear facilities.

the bombing could prevent a costly U.S. land invasion of Japan.

Truman wished to demonstrate the power of the bomb to the Soviet Union.

The United States wanted revenge for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.

B

562

us_history

As the automobile industry developed, it promoted the growth of all the following EXCEPT:

the asphalt and road-paving industries

the advertising business

the oil-refining industry

the telephone and telegraph industries

the importation of rubber

D

563

us_history

The nickname "Star Wars" refers to which of the following?

Public arguments among cabinet members during the Ford administration

The race to be the first nation to land an astronaut on the moon

A missile-based defense system conceived by President Ronald Reagan

The race for the top ratings for the evening network news broadcasts in the 1990s

Special Prosecutor Kenneth Starr's tactics during his investigation of allegations against President Bill Clinton

C

564

us_history

Jazz is a blend of all the following musical influences EXCEPT:

spirituals

the blues

hymns

work songs

ragtime

C

565

us_history

It was a pleasure to live in those good old days, when a Federalist could knock a Republican down in the streets and not be questioned about it. The speaker of the above quotation most likely was referring to which decade in history?

1800s

1850s

1870s

1920s

1960s

A

566

us_history

Which political party was formed during the 1890s to address the concerns of U.S. farmers?

Democratic Party

Republican Party

Progressive Party

Populist Party

Socialist Party

D

567

us_history

African Americans and women first served in combat duty in which of the following wars?

Revolutionary War

World War I

Vietnam War

Persian Gulf War

War in Iraq

A

568

us_history

Which of the following groups did NOT help form the Free-Soil Party in 1848?

Abolitionists

Farmers

Industrial workers

Land reformers

Southern conservatives

E

569

us_history

Which of the following works would be most useful to a historian researching the living conditions of immigrants in New York City in the 1890s?

The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton

How the Other Half Livesby Jacob Riis

Theory of the Leisure Classby Thorstein Veblen

The Bloodhounds of Broadway by Damon Runyon

The Gangs of New York by Herbert Asbury

B

570

us_history

Civil rights groups opposed the Vietnam War primarily because

they supported the North Vietnamese and the communists

the media had stopped covering the civil rights movement in order to cover the war news

money that had been earmarked for social programs was diverted to military use

they objected to the war on religious and pacifist grounds

they wanted to prevent the reelection of President Lyndon Johnson

C

571

us_history

Accusations of improper conduct in the personal life of a candidate for high office are an example of which of the following?

Muckraking

Mudslinging

Gerrymandering

Grandstanding

Posturing

B

572

us_history

Whenever I hear anyone arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally. The speaker of the above quotation is probably which of the following?

Jefferson Davis

Abraham Lincoln

Theodore Roosevelt

Stephen Douglas

Robert Lee

B

573

us_history

The precedent for a free press in the United States was set by a trial involving which of the following?

Thomas Paine

John Peter Zenger

Samuel Adams

Phillis Wheatley

Frederick Douglass

B

574

us_history

In 1837, Democratic Party members of Congress passed a "gag rule" forbidding any discussion or debate of

corruption

sedition

abolition

expansion

imperialism

C

575

us_history

Which of the following established a court system in the United States?

The Articles of Confederation

The Bill of Rights

The Fifth Amendment

The Sixth Amendment

The Judiciary Act of 1789

E

576

us_history

A man who is good enough to shed his blood for his country is good enough to be given a square deal afterwards. More than that no man is entitled to, and less than that no man shall have. Which of the following is most likely true of the speaker of the above quotation?

He believed in equal opportunities for people of all social classes.

He approved of U.S. involvement in foreign wars.

He felt that veterans were entitled to special benefits.

He was likely to side with owners rather than workers in labor disputes.

He supported an all-volunteer military rather than a military draft.

A

577

us_history

All of the following were proposals of Alexander Hamilton EXCEPT:

a national bank

repeal of the whiskey tax

protective tariffs

the federal government should assume state debts incurred during the Revolution

direct support to industry by government subsidies

B

578

us_history

Which of the following did President Abraham Lincoln quote from in his Gettysburg Address?

The Constitution

The Declaration of Independence

Common Sense

The Federalist Papers

The Emancipation Proclamation

B

579

us_history

The American Federation of Labor was founded in 1886 as a result of

the Haymarket Riot

the election of President Grover Cleveland

a severe financial panic

federal legislation

negotiations between owners and workers

A

580

us_history

Which of the following spurred young people in the United States to push for the ratification of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment?

Opposition to the Vietnam War

Support for a Republican administration

Concern for veterans' rights

Commitment to civil rights for all Americans

Determination to ensure equal rights for men and women

A

581

us_history

Which of the following was designed to enforce the provisions of the Eighteenth [Prohibition] Amendment?

Kansas-Nebraska Act

War Powers Act

Voting Rights Act

Volstead Act

Pure Food and Drug Act

D

582

us_history

A supporter of the Niagara Movement of 1905 prob ably would applaud all the following EXCEPT:

civil rights

federal antilynching legislation

integration of the public schools

the African Colonization Society

the founding of the NAACP

D

583

us_history

To show their opposition to the Stamp Act, colonists took all the following actions EXCEPT:

holding a meeting of colonial leaders in New York City

calling up the members of the various colonial militias to active duty

passing local legislation that declared the Stamp Act illegal

refusing to purchase any products imported from Great Britain

tarring and feathering the stamp agents

B

584

us_history

All the following are major African-American literary figures EXCEPT:

Frederick Douglass

Richard Wright

Ralph Ellison

James Weldon Johnson

Harriet Beecher Stowe

E

585

us_history

The Erie Canal connected the Great Lakes with which of the following?

The Pacific Ocean

The Mississippi River

The Hudson River

The Cumberland Road

The Chesapeake Bay

C

586

us_history

All the following contributed to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's election to an unprecedented third term EXCEPT:

his skill at conducting the war in Europe

his outstanding skill as a political campaigner

his success in creating jobs

his opponent's failure to offer attractive alternatives to Roosevelt's policies

his enormous personal popularity and ability to inspire people with his courage and optimism

A

587

us_history

W. E. B. DuBois disagreed with Booker T. Wash ington's argument against African-American politi cal activism primarily because

DuBois felt that African Americans' political activism would force the white majority to correct racial injustice

DuBois felt that only African Americans had any right to speak about racial issues

DuBois felt that Washington was a tool of the white majority

DuBois had no faith in African Americans' ability to help themselves

DuBois supported the African Colonization Society

A

588

us_history

President Harry S. Truman ordered the dropping of atomic bombs on Japanese cities primarily because

he wanted to save U.S. lives by forcing the Japanese to surrender

he wanted to intimidate the German Army into surrendering

he wanted the United States to be in the strongest possible position during peace negotiations with the other Allied Powers

he wanted Japan to shut down its own nuclear facilities

he wanted to destroy the capital city of Japan

A

589

us_history

The resignations of which two men made Gerald R. Ford president of the United States?

Bob Haldeman and John Erlichman

Spiro Agnew and Richard Nixon

Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan

Robert Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson

Henry Morgenthau and Harold Ickes

B

590

us_history

Which of the following most accurately defines Transcendentalism?

The belief that people can rise above material things in life to reach a higher understanding

The belief that one religion could transcend denominationalism

The belief that the Puritan faith could be combined with Unitarianism

The belief that Native Americans could never attain heaven

The belief in predestination and God's assignment at birth of people to their fate

A

591

us_history

The Sixteenth Amendment, passed in 1913, did which of the following?

Made the sale of alcoholic beverages illegal

Gave women the right to vote

Allowed for direct election of U.S. senators

Enabled Congress to levy taxes on income

Raised the voting age to 21

D

592

us_history

The Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during

the presidential election of 1860

the presidential election of 1864

the congressional debate over secession

the House of Representatives elections of 1854

the Senate elections of 1858

E

593

us_history

The Wright Brothers developed an airplane using experience gained from

working with locomotives and large engines

operating a bicycle shop and experimenting with small engines

repairing tractors and farm equipment

designing steam engines

manufacturing sewing machines

B

594

us_history

Which of the following describes one major effect of President Warren G. Harding's economic policies?

The elimination of tariffs on imported goods

A rise in union membership

Increased profits for business owners

Increased profits for farmers

Strict enforcement of antitrust legislation

C

595

us_history

Which of the following took its name from a British political party that opposed the power of the monarch?

The Know-Nothings

The Mugwumps

The Republicans

The Bull Moose Party

The Whigs

E

596

us_history

The Native American literary tradition can be best described as which of the following?

Classical poetry

Folk songs

Sermons

Creation myths and legends

Oral history

D

597

us_history

Which of the following commanded the United States Expeditionary Forces during World War I?

John J. Pershing

George S. Patton

Douglas MacArthur

Nathanael Greene

Dwight D. Eisenhower

A

598

us_history

The remains of one of the most sophisticated prehis toric native civilizations north of Mexico are pre served at Cahokia, Illinois. The people who lived at this site were called:

the Toltec

the Choctaw

the Mound Builders

the Creek Nation

the Anasazi

C

599

us_history

. . . government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. This statement was first made in which of the following?

The Preamble to the Constitution

The Declaration of Independence

The Magna Carta

The Fifteenth Amendment

The Gettysburg Address

E

600

us_history

The total value of all goods and services produced in a nation during a given year is referred to as

the federal deficit

the import-export ratio

the federal budget

the gross national product

the distribution of wealth

D

601

us_history

The Iran hostage crisis had an impact on which presidential election?

1972

1976

1980

1984

1988

C

602

us_history

Spirituals were of great importance to which of the following?

The Methodist Church

Occult groups in New Orleans

Slaves on plantations

Catholic missions in the Southwest

Immigrant funerals

C

603

us_history

Which of the following best describes Andrew Carnegie's practice of acquiring companies that pro vided raw materials and services for his steel business?

Vertical integration

Lateral growth

Cross-disciplinary exploitation

Venture capitalism

Horizontal integration

A

604

us_history

The ability to get to the verge without getting into war is the necessary art. The speaker is describing which of the following?

Brinksmanship

Appeasement

Imperialism

Dollar diplomacy

Containment

A

605

us_history

Which of the following was NOT an action author ized by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in 1914?

The investigation of corporations

A ban on fraudulent or unfair business practices

The use of the courts to enforce FTC rulings

The levying of taxes on interstate commerce

The targeting of abuses such as mislabeling and false claims

D

606

us_history

Which of the following constituted the most signifi cant international impact of the War of 1812?

It caused diplomatic tensions between the United States and Spain.

It forced France to nullify the Louisiana Purchase.

It lessened shipping commerce on the Great Lakes.

It forced the United States to police the Atlantic Ocean.

It removed the British from the Northwest Territories

E

607

us_history

George Washington's first cabinet consisted of

secretaries of war, state, commerce, and treasury

attorney and postmaster generals and secretaries of state, treasury, and war

secretaries of war, state, labor, and commerce

secretaries of war, state, treasury, commerce, and Indian affairs

chief justice, attorney general, and secretaries of state, war, and treasury

B

608

us_history

Congressional Republicans challenged President Clinton's domestic agenda in 1994 with their own proposals, popularly known as

the Reform Act

the Economic Initiative

the Contract with America

the McCain-Feingold Bill

Operation Restore Hope

C

609

us_history

The Zapruder film, which was shot with a hand-held camera in 1963, depicts which of the following?

The invention of the hula hoop

The construction of the Pioneer 6 spacecraft

The development of the measles vaccine

The assassination of President John F. Kennedy

The Watergate hearings

D

610

us_history

All or parts of the following present-day states were part of the Mexican Cession EXCEPT:

California

Nevada

Utah

Colorado

Oklahoma

E

611

us_history

The first 10 constitutional amendments are known as

the Bill of Rights

Article VIII of the Constitution

the Civil Rights amendments

the elastic clause

the Federalist amendments

A

612

us_history

There never has yet existed a wealthy and a civi lized society in which one portion of the community did not . . . live on the labor of another. The speaker of the above quotation was defending which of the following?

The establishment of the Confederacy

South Carolina's right to secede from the United States

the creation of the National Bank

The institution of slavery

The doctrine of nullification

D

613

us_history

The two-party political system emerged in part because of which of the following?

Progressivism

Civil unrest

Sectionalism

Republicanism

Nationalism

C

614

us_history

Which one of the following people became the first female pilot to complete a solo transatlantic flight?

Charles Lindbergh

Harriet Quimby

Bessie Coleman

Gertrude Ederle

Amelia Earhart

E

615

us_history

The government's policy of allowing cattle ranchers to let their herds graze on public land was called

the roundup

range riding

the long drive

rustling

open range

E

616

us_history

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?

To unite the Native American tribes of New York State

To discuss agricultural problems for farmers in the Eastern states

To form a society to advance the rights of women

To discuss antislavery strategies

To select a leader for a group of evangelist congregations

C

617

us_history

The turning point of the Revolutionary War was a battle fought at

Bunker Hill, Massachusetts

Saratoga, New York

Brandywine, Pennsylvania

Cowpens, South Carolina

Ticonderoga, Vermont

B

618

us_history

Which of the following was a marketing innovation of General Motors in the 1920s to help consumers buy more expensive cars?

Subliminal advertising

Rebates

Discounts for trading in an old car

Bargaining

The installment plan

E

619

us_history

Which of the following was most likely NOT a goal of George W. Bush in creating the Department of Homeland Security?

Improving airport security

Protecting transportation systems from attack

Expanding law-enforcement powers to combat terrorism

Building impenetrable walls along the Mexican and Canadian borders

Protecting vital power networks from attack

D

620

us_history

Which faction formed in opposition to President Rutherford B. Hayes's support of civil-service reform?

Progressives

National Grangers

Populists

Half-Breeds

Stalwarts

E

621

us_history

Uncle Tom's Cabin provoked strong reactions in the South because

it justified Southerners' view that slavery was morally permissible

it depicted slavery as wrong and slaveholders as corrupt

it depicted romantic relations between African Americans and whites

it predicted that the South would lose the Civil War

it had no white characters

B

622

us_history

Which of the following helped the Pilgrims survive their first year in Plymouth by showing them how to grow crops?

Pocahontas

Sacagawea

Squanto

Powhatan

Sequoya

C

623

us_history

Which of the following geographical markings established the boundary between the United States and Spanish Florida in 1795?

The 38th parallel

Fifty-four/forty

Seventy-six degrees longitude, forty degrees latitude

The 31st parallel

The Tropic of Cancer

D

624

us_history

Which of the following most aptly describes Booker T. Washington's belief about the key to social and political equality for African Americans?

Economic independence through training and education

Protesting against discrimination

Overthrowing the U.S. government

Militant opposition to U.S. policies

Activist religious organizations

A

625

us_history

During Prohibition people drank alcohol at places called

back-room pubs

bathtub gin mills

stills

speakeasies

fraternity clubs

D

626

us_history

Which of the following congressional actions gave the president authority to take "all necessary meas ures to repel any attack against forces of the United States"?

The Bursum Bill

The Dawes Act

The Tonkin Gulf Resolution

The Smoot-Hawley Tariff

The War Powers Act

C

627

us_history

Sitting Bull was an important spiritual leader of the

Apache

Comanche

Navajo

Sioux

Creek

D

628

us_history

Shays' Rebellion in 1786 is significant because it

gave the U.S. militia a chance to demonstrate its efficiency

raised doubts about the ability of a decentral ized government to deal with civil unrest

opened the door to westward expansion

united farmers against Native Americans

allowed former Revolutionary War officers to take up arms again

B

629

us_history

All the following were major crops in the antebellum South EXCEPT:

cotton

tobacco

maple syrup

rice

sugarcane

C

630

us_history

Nearly 600,000 U.S. lives were claimed in 1918-1919 by

an epidemic of influenza

World War I

an outbreak of polio

violent labor strikes

border violence with Mexico

A

631

us_history

President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger shared a belief in "realpolitik," which is best described as

a realistic belief in the ideal of democracy over any other interests

a foreign policy that puts human rights first

a foreign policy patterned after that of Germany

diplomacy guided by the writings of Immanuel Kant

a foreign policy guided by national interests rather than ideals

E

632

us_history

Which of the following was the first major farmers' organization, founded in 1867?

The 4-H Club

The National Grange

The Alliance

The American Federation of Labor

FarmAid

B

633

us_history

Which of the following was a severe low point for the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War?

The siege of Boston

The Battle of Brandywine

The Battle of Trenton

The winter at Valley Forge

The surrender at Yorktown

D

634

us_history

Balboa's sighting of the Pacific Ocean and Magellan's voyage around the tip of South America motivated other European explorers to seek which of the following?

A land route to India

Spanish permission to sail the Pacific

A caravan route to the Indies

A Northwest Passage to the Pacific and Asia

The Middle Passage to the Americas

D

635

us_history

Which of the following five Republicans who ran for president in 1824 won the election?

William Crawford of Georgia

John C. Calhoun of South Carolina

John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts

Henry Clay of Kentucky

Andrew Jackson of Tennessee

C

636

us_history

During President Theodore Roosevelt's administra tion, the federal government first began making dam aged land productive again in a process called

reclamation

rejuvenation

progressivism

conservation

preservation

A

637

us_history

Which of the following generals did President Harry S. Truman fire for interfering with peace negotia tions with Korea?

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Omar Bradley

Douglas MacArthur

James Stewart

Mark Clark

C

638

us_history

A second Industrial Revolution in the late 1800s was generated by innovations in which industries?

Automobile and railroad

Steel and oil refining

Telephone and telegraph

Advertising and radio

Agriculture and livestock

B

639

us_history

The Twenty-Third Amendment gave residents of the District of Columbia

exemption from the income tax

the right to sue the federal government

the right to vote in presidential elections

exemption from property taxes

the right to elect their own Congress

C

640

us_history

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut of 1639 can be described as which of the following?

A set of strict religious guidelines

Precepts of the Puritans

A royal charter that established a hierarchy of authority

A peace treaty with the local Native Americans

The first written constitution in the colonies

E

641

us_history

Which of the following names the typical shelters built by the first white settlers on the Great Plains?

Adobe houses

Tepees

Sod houses

Log cabins

Prairie schooners

C

642

us_history

Which of the following explains the original purpose of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)?

To force poor people to deposit their income tax returns

To force employers to insure workers against injury

To insure corporations exploring for mineral deposits

To insure bank deposits up to $5,000

To protect banks against securities fraud

D

643

us_history

The attack launched by North Vietnamese troops on January 30, 1968, is called the Tet Offensive because

January 30 is Tet, the Vietnamese New Year

Tet is the province where fighting was launched

General Tet and his staff advisors planned the attack

the fighting began with the troops crossed the Tet River

Tet was a Vietnamese code name for the operation

A

644

us_history

Which of the following describes the most popular form of stage entertainment during the late 1800s?

Opera

Ballet

Vaudeville

Musical comedy

Tableaux

C

645

us_history

Which of the following describes General William T. Sherman's strategy of total war against the Confederacy?

Using both navy and army troops

Employing all the troops all the time

Destroying everything that would allow the Confederacy to keep fighting

Killing all enemies rather than taking them prisoner

Enlisting civilians to fight

C

646

us_history

The power of the courts to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional was established in the landmark Supreme Court case

Roe v. Wade

Marbury v. Madison

McCulloch v. Maryland

Plessy v. Ferguson

Dred Scott v. Sandford

B

647

us_history

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 includes all the following EXCEPT:

prohibition of discrimination in employment against qualified individuals with disabilities

requirement of access for the physically dis abled to all public buildings

prohibition of discrimination against the men tally handicapped in transportation

guarantee of fair and easy access to telephone services

guarantee of scholarship opportunities for peo ple with learning disabilities

E

648

us_history

Madame C. J. Walker became a millionaire in the early 1900s by marketing

canned peas and greens

Walker's sweet potato pies

a bottled tonic for digestion

a hair-conditioning treatment for African American women

the Walker bicycle for girls

D

649

us_history

The Pilgrims were called Separatists because they had broken with

the king of England

the Catholics

the Anglican Church

the New England Way

the Jamestown Colony

C

650

us_history

The discovery of the New World resulted from the desire of many Europeans to

establish a place where they could practice their religion freely.

find an all-water route to the East.

end the practice of primogeniture.

spread Christianity around the world.

uplift and civilize other peoples of the world.

B