TrainingDataPro/sat-questions-and-answers-for-llm

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651	us_history	Which event was the most important cause of the Nullification Crisis?	The passage of the Force Act under Andrew Jackson	The debates between Robert Y. Hayne and Daniel Webster	The Treaty of Ghent after the War of 1812	The passage of the Compromise Tariff of 1833	The passage of the 1828 Tariff of Abominations	E
652	us_history	Why did Stephen Douglas support the idea of Popular Sovereignty when designing the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?	It guaranteed that "free soilers" could exclude slavery from Kansas and Nebraska.	It was outlined in the Constitution as a method for creating new states.	It guaranteed that pro-slavery settlers could expand slavery in Kansas.	It seemed a fair way to resolve a difficult controversy.	It let the Congress decide on slavery in the territories.	D
653	us_history	Which of the following developments is NOT associated with the Gilded Age?	Relations between workers and owners became increasingly contentious.	African Americans' migration to industrial cities led to "white flight."	New inventions made communication between cities easier.	Many industries came to be dominated by a small number of large companies.	Corruption in politics became more public and widespread.	B
654	us_history	The publication of The Jungle contributed to rapid passage of the	Interstate Commerce Act.	Wade-Davis Bill.	Pure Food and Drug Act.	15th Amendment.	Clayton Antitrust Act.	C
655	us_history	A philosophical basis of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal was the	philosophy of Herbert Hoover.	practice of laissez-faire by the government.	combination of relief, recovery, and reform.	idea that wars end depression.	importance of gaining the approval of Congress before he established his programs.	C
656	us_history	In response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the United States	issued a document refusing to recognize Japanese actions as legitimate.	called a special session of the League of Nations.	sent General MacArthur to command U.S. forces in the Pacific.	engaged in a policy of watchful waiting.	sent the Panay, a naval vessel, to the coast of Japan.	A
657	us_history	During the years of Lyndon Johnson's presidency, all of the following were enacted EXCEPT	Medicare.	Medicaid.	the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.	the Constitutional Amendment eliminating the poll tax.	the Alliance for Progress.	E
658	us_history	For which of the following ideas in the 1970s was Gloria Steinem most noted?	Sex has political aspects, which can be seen in literary works by writers such as D. H. Lawrence and Norman Mailer.	Women should convince men to help with the housework.	Blacks and whites should have equality in the workplace.	Women should have equal rights with men.	The use of pesticides was harming the environment.	D
659	us_history	An example of the change in U.S. policy toward Vietnam since the end of the Vietnam War was best demonstrated by	increased aid given to North Vietnam by George H. W. Bush.	trade restrictions placed on Vietnam by George W. Bush.	recognition of the Vietnamese government by Richard Nixon.	criticism of Vietnam for its human rights violations by Jimmy Carter.	visits and trade talks conducted by Bill Clinton with Vietnamese leaders.	E
660	us_history	The New England colonists seemed to thrive in the early years of colonization as compared to the Southern colonists. The longer life spans and the overall growth of the population in New England have been attributed to the	participation of New Englanders in transatlantic trade.	lack of slavery and indentured servitude in New England.	strong religious beliefs and the family units with which they traveled to the New World.	larger number of single men in the New England colonies.	temperate climate of New England.	C
661	us_history	The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was significant because it	ended British control of the Ohio Valley.	prohibited the extension of slavery into the Northwest Territory.	prevented slavery north of the 36° 30' north latitude line.	secured peaceful relations between the colonists and the Native Americans.	settled a dispute over the location of the boundary between Canada and the United States.	B
662	us_history	In the 1829 Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, David Walker called for	the gradual abolition of slavery.	a return to Africa for all African Americans.	the immediate abolition of slavery and, if necessary, for slaves to kill their masters.	slaves to wait until the time was right to ask the U.S. government for emancipation.	a separate state for freed people to live in.	C
663	us_history	Which of the following is an important reason the South lost the Civil War?	The South did not have enough guns to prevent the Union from overpowering it.	Slaves ran away, so there were fewer and fewer hands to do the work on the home front.	The Union generals were better military men, so they continually out-maneuvered the Southern forces.	The South was unable to ship any cotton because the Union blockade was so effective.	The issues of slavery and states rights were not important to the majority of Southerners.	B
665	us_history	One reason Woodrow Wilson was able to win the presidency in 1912 was that	Americans rallied around him during World War I.	a majority of African Americans voted for the Democratic Party.	Wilson's humble origins endeared him to working-class Americans.	there was a major split in the Republican Party.	his opponent died two weeks before the election.	D
666	us_history	Which of the following best describes the differences that existed between the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s?	The AFL had a huge membership, while the CIO never developed a mass following.	The AFL had its strength east of the Mississippi River, while the CIO was strongest west of the Mississippi.	The AFL was more cautious in its approach to conflicts with management, while the CIO was willing to use more militant tactics, such as the sit-down strike.	The AFL was actually a coalition of "company unions," organized by management to placate worker resentment, while the CIO was composed of actual worker organizations.	The AFL was dominated by Communist Party members, while the CIO, fearing government reprisals, excluded Communists from leadership positions.	C
667	us_history	In the "Letter from Birmingham Jail," Martin Luther King Jr. discussed the "strangely irrational notion that there is something in the flow of time that inevitably cures all ills. We must come to see that human progress never rolls on the wheels of inevitability." Which of the following represents the main idea of the above excerpt?	Nonviolence is the key to success for the civil rights movement.	The white moderates are obstacles to our victory.	We must act now.	Injustice must be eradicated everywhere.	Breaking unjust laws is justified.	C
668	us_history	The women's movement that emerged in the 1970s was called the second wave of feminism because it	took its name from the title of a book by Simone de Beauvoir.	built on the women's movement of the 19th century.	built on the women's movement of the 1930s.	took inspiration from the women's movement in Europe.	took its name from the title of a book by Kate Millett.	B
669	us_history	Ronald Reagan was called the "Teflon president" because he	was the Great Communicator.	told the truth without embellishment.	always had everything under control.	was never held responsible for the failures of his administration.	did not need special handling.	D
670	us_history	Rhode Island and the Massachusetts Bay Colony differed in that Rhode Island	was a theocracy.	was a royal colony.	lacked religious freedom.	practiced a policy of separation of church and state.	was located in New England.	D
671	us_history	The First and Second Great Awakenings were similar in that both	made use of revivals to attempt to convert the sinful.	enforced the Puritan use of incense.	encouraged long periods of silence during services so that the congregation felt the spirit of God.	were purely American phenomena.	employed deistic approaches to religious belief.	A
672	us_history	The implied powers clause of the U.S. Constitution was used to justify the	suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794.	addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution in 1791.	signing of Jay's Treaty with England in 1794.	passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789.	establishment of the Bank of the United States in 1791.	E
673	us_history	The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments are similar in that all three	extended voting to different groups in the United States.	were ratified during the Civil War.	expanded the rights of African Americans.	were ratified despite opposition from the Republican Party.	protected the rights of property holders.	C
675	us_history	Wilson's idea of a "peace without victory" failed to become a reality in the Treaty of Versailles because	the Triple Alliance was totally responsible for the events leading to World War I.	England and France wanted Germany to pay for starting the war.	Wilson failed to pursue his ideas actively during the negotiations for the treaty.	the League of Nations was not established.	Germany refused to take part in the negotiations.	B
676	us_history	The use of the atomic bomb by the United States in 1945 was significant in that it	hastened the end of World War II.	caused the defeat of Harry Truman in the election of 1948.	led to the formation of the United Nations.	ushered in the computer age.	was the direct cause of the Cold War.	A
677	us_history	Which of the following is a central argument of the 1958 book, The Affluent Society, by John Kenneth Galbraith?	The key to economic growth is government noninterference in the economy.	A small group of wealthy and influential Americans had managed to gain control of both the economy and the government.	A Soviet-style command economy would best meet the needs of the majority of Americans.	The United States should reinvigorate its agricultural sector with heavy subsidies to farmers and high tariffs on imported agricultural products.	American society was ignoring social goods in the pursuit of private material gain.	E
678	us_history	All of the following Cold War ideas involved Europe EXCEPT	the Truman Doctrine.	the domino theory.	Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).	containment.	détente.	B
679	us_history	The election of Barack Obama as president was significant for all of these reasons EXCEPT that	he was the first African American ever elected.	he was the youngest president ever elected.	he was the first senator to win an election since John F. Kennedy.	he was the first candidate to utilize the full power of the Internet.	it was the first time a sitting senator had defeated another sitting senator.	B
680	us_history	As a result of the French and Indian War, the American colonists developed a	hostile attitude toward the Indians.	greater sense of self-confidence.	greater respect for the British.	desire to create a strong army.	desire to ally with Spain.	B
681	us_history	The beginnings of a uniquely American culture in the 1700s were seen in	the success of the American generals who fought in the French and Indian War.	John Locke's views regarding human rights.	the development of the belief in transcendentalism.	the works of artists and poets like John Trumbull and Phillis Wheatley.	the writing of the "Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key.	D
682	us_history	The constitutionality of the Bank of the United States was upheld in the Supreme Court decision in the case of	McCulloch v. Maryland.	Marbury v. Madison.	Plessy v. Ferguson.	Dred Scott v. Sanford.	Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.	A
684	us_history	An unintended consequence of the implementation of the 1862 Homestead Act was that	very few people volunteered to participate in the program.	much of the land that was intended for homesteading ended up in the hands of large agricultural firms.	the land that was involved in the program was incapable of producing crops.	the homesteaders often had clashes with Native Americans.	corrupt politicians sold the best land to speculators.	B
685	us_history	Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst were similar in that both were	muckraking journalists who wrote articles that exposed government corruption.	moralizing commentators who chastised the public for their vices.	anti-imperialist editorial writers who pushed the United States in an isolationist direction.	publishers who owned newspapers, which sensationalized accounts of events.	writers of non-English newspapers that appealed to recently arrived immigrants.	D
686	us_history	There were protests against the "Palmer Raids" of the late 1910s and early 1920s on the grounds that they	blurred the separation of church and state.	discriminated against women.	violated protections against unwarranted search and seizure.	discriminated against African Americans.	failed to protect the rights of Native Americans.	C
687	us_history	Which of the following was the reason the Supreme Court decided that prayers could not be required in public schools?	Church membership had declined.	Atheism had spread throughout American society.	Prayer in public schools violated the 1st Amendment.	Prayer in public schools would lead to a renewal of religious tests for public office.	Americans no longer considered prayer to be important in their lives.	C
688	us_history	The main purpose of the Free Speech Movement of 1964 was to	make unions more democratic and give workers more power.	support the American Civil Liberties Union.	remove the censorship from rock-and-roll lyrics.	change radio programming.	allow college students to support civil rights and political causes.	E
689	us_history	The high gasoline prices that occurred during the administration of Jimmy Carter caused	deflation because the value of the dollar was falling.	inflation because prices were rising and the value of the dollar was falling.	depression because the bottom fell out of the stock market.	stagnation because employment was so high.	a rise in the value of the dollar because the prices were so high.	B
690	us_history	The fact that Spain, rather than its rival, Portugal, was the dominant power in the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries was largely the result of the	fact that Spanish ships were faster than Portuguese ships.	large numbers of Spanish settlers who arrived in the New World.	Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494.	success of Christopher Columbus in the New World.	large treasury that had been accumulated by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.	C
691	us_history	The creation of the Electoral College and the indirect election of senators demonstrates that the framers of the Constitution were concerned with the	effects of a strong central government.	problems created by weak state governments.	possibility of corruption in the election process.	excesses of democracy.	need to protect the rights of the majority.	D
692	us_history	The Northwest Ordinance and the Missouri Compromise of 1820 were similar in that both documents	set guidelines on the number of new states to be established.	admitted new states into the Union.	established public schools in new territories.	provided for the fair treatment of the Native American population.	restricted slavery in areas yet to be admitted as states.	E
693	us_history	"The owner fed us regular on good food just like you would a good horse if you had one."-An escaped slave (explaining why he ran away) This quotation reflects the ex-slave's belief that	the slave owner was a good master.	he should be treated as more than a piece of property.	if slaves are treated well, they will be happy.	his owner took proper care of his slaves.	he was always satisfied as a slave.	B
694	us_history	Which of the following quotes comes from Abraham Lincoln's First Inaugural Address of March 1861?	A house divided against itself cannot stand.	Government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth.	Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable.	You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors.	With malice toward none and charity for all.	D
695	us_history	Most of the prominent labor battles of the late 19th century, such as the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Pullman Strike of 1894, occurred in the aftermath of	government recognition of workers' right to organize unions.	deadly accidents.	production speedups.	wage cuts.	the formation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).	D
696	us_history	After Spain's defeat in the Spanish-American War in 1898, the Philippines	became an independent republic with a democratic constitution.	ceased to exist as a political entity, becoming a string of independent islands.	fought against the United States to gain independence but became a U.S. colony.	stayed within the strategic orbit of Spain.	became the first satellite nation of the Soviet Union.	C
697	us_history	Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois differed in their approaches to addressing discrimination against African Americans. Which statement below best represents Washington's position?	Since racial integration is not possible in the United States, African Americans should go back to Africa.	The best way for African Americans to improve their position in society is to gain vocational training to obtain jobs in agriculture, crafts, and manufacturing.	African Americans should engage in nonviolent civil disobedience to put pressure on the federal government to end discriminatory practices.	African Americans should pursue equality 'by any means necessary,' including violence in self-defense.	African Americans could best achieve their goals by running candidates for public office to vote out those who discriminate against them in state and federal government.	B
698	us_history	President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs, which were designed to end the Great Depression,	were overwhelmingly effective in ending unemployment.	had a limited effect on ending the Depression.	led the United States into World War II.	were strongly supported by the Supreme Court.	led to the establishment of the Federal Reserve System.	B
699	us_history	The Supreme Court's decision in the case of Roe v. Wade was based on	freedom of the press.	the right of habeas corpus.	executive privilege.	the right to privacy.	eminent domain.	D
700	us_history	The adoption of the Barbados Slave Codes by South Carolina in 1696 resulted in	an increased number of indentured servants.	the development of the abolition movement in the North.	the development of chattel slavery in the colonies, which centered on race.	Bacon's Rebellion.	the development of a paternalistic view of slavery in South Carolina.	C
701	us_history	Which of the following was one of the main legal objections that the colonists made to Parliament in regard to the Stamp Act?	It taxed too many items used by the colonists in their daily lives.	It constituted an attempt to coerce the colonists to obey the crown.	It was a direct tax on the colonists.	It restricted colonial trade.	It placed extremely high taxes on colonial goods.	C
702	us_history	President Washington's actions in the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 demonstrated the power of the central government to	suspend habeas corpus in times of extreme danger.	enforce the laws of the land.	prohibit the sale and consumption of liquor.	control the production of whiskey.	subsidize the production of grain used to make whiskey.	B
703	us_history	"Pompey, how do I look?" "Mighty massa, mighty." "What do you mean mighty, Pompey?" "Why massa you look noble." "What do you mean by 'noble'?" "Why you look just like one lion." "Now Pompey, where have you ever seen a lion?" "I saw one down in yonder field the other day." "Pompey, you foolish fellow, that was a jackass." "Was it massa? Well, you look just like him." Who would be most likely to have related this dialogue to whom?	A slaveholder to his son	A white overseer to his son	A slave mother to her son	A Confederate schoolboy to his friends	A white overseer to another white overseer	C
704	us_history	President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan called for the former Confederate states to	pass the Civil Rights Act.	support the Freedman's Bureau.	endorse the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery.	arrest all the men who served in the Confederate government.	guarantee that the freedmen would attain the right to vote.	C
705	us_history	During the Gilded Age, the U.S. economy	faltered because industries failed to convert from wartime production to peacetime production after the Civil War.	grew at a rapid pace, but the gap between the wealthy and poor widened.	was characterized by a growing agricultural sector and a back-to-the-land movement.	suffered because of the nation's overdependence on the slave trade.	was cut off from the world economic system due to high tariffs and isolationist policies.	B
706	us_history	"Blue laws," supported by the Republican Party in many states during the Gilded Age,	regulated the number of hours children could work.	mandated that producers honestly portray the contents of their products.	provided price supports for struggling farmers.	reformed civil service procedures.	made illegal certain activities that were seen by some as immoral.	E
707	us_history	Which of the following is NOT a reason for the growth of the Communist Party in the United States in the 1930s?	The Communist Party tapped into many people's doubts about the efficacy of the capitalist system during the Great Depression.	The Communist Party, as part of its Popular Front strategy, avoided talk of impending revolution and advocated forming alliances with anti-fascist liberals.	The Communist Party's work on behalf of African Americans, as is evident in the Scottsboro case, won it many adherents.	The Communist Party's espionage work on behalf of the Soviet Union created an aura of dedication and audacity.	The large number of Eastern European immigrants who had supported communism back home gravitated toward the Communist Party in the United States.	D
708	us_history	The most important impetus behind the emergence of the modern Civil Rights Movement was	the founding of the NAACP.	lynchings.	the March on Washington.	the experience of African Americans in World War II.	the Freedom Rides.	D
709	us_history	In his farewell address, President Dwight D. Eisenhower	urged future administrations to avoid entanglements with European powers.	predicted that environmental issues would become more important in the nation's future.	castigated Joseph McCarthy for his excessive zeal.	advocated that the government wage a war on illicit drugs.	warned the nation of the power of the military-industrial complex.	E
710	us_history	The French and Indian War, which ended in 1763, greatly affected the American colonists because it	removed the French threat against the colonists.	resulted in the expansion of the colonies east of the Appalachian Mountains.	marked the beginning of the British policy of salutary neglect in the colonies.	removed the Indian threat from the frontier settlements.	marked the end of mercantilism.	A
711	us_history	Tensions between England and the United States grew between 1790 and 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the	impressment of U.S. seamen into British service.	British incitement to violence of the Indian population on the frontier.	British military occupation in the Ohio Valley.	XYZ Affair.	Americans' continued holding of Loyalists' lands.	D
712	us_history	The most important result of the development of interchangeable parts in the early 19th century was that it allowed	printers to make newspapers more easily.	farmers to harvest crops more easily.	manufacturers to make their assembly lines more efficient.	children to have safer toys.	coopers to cut staves in their barrels more precisely.	C
713	us_history	The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following EXCEPT	a strengthened Fugitive Slave Law.	permission to continue slavery but not slave auctions in Washington, D.C.	resolution of the Texas-New Mexico border dispute.	postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the California territory.	postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the Utah territory.	D
714	us_history	An important result of the impeachment crisis of 1868 was that	President Andrew Johnson was removed from office.	power shifted in the government from President Andrew Johnson to Congress.	President Andrew Johnson was able to defeat the Radicals' plan for Reconstruction.	impeachment proceedings motivated by political differences became common in subsequent years.	impeachment rules were rewritten to preclude another politically motivated impeachment.	B
715	us_history	To remedy problems American farmers faced in the last quarter of the 19th century, the Populist Party advocated a policy of	increasing the amount of currency in circulation.	raising interest rates on bank loans.	raising tariffs to keep foreign agricultural products out of the United States.	helping farmers resettle in urban areas.	curbing inflation.	A
716	us_history	The reasons for the United States's entry into World War I included the goal of	destroying Germany and its people.	organizing a "Great Parade" for freedom.	protecting U.S. interests in the Far East.	protecting freedom of the seas.	retaliating for the attack on the United States by Japan.	D
717	us_history	After World War II, NATO was formed primarily to	assist emerging nations in Asia.	stop the spread of Communism in Europe.	promote democratic reforms in Latin America.	provide economic aid to war-torn nations in Europe.	halt the growth of fascism in southern Africa.	B
718	us_history	The 1954, Vietnam peace negotiations in Geneva provided for all of the following EXCEPT	elections in 1956.	the elimination of a French presence in Vietnam.	a U.S. role in the future of Vietnam.	the temporary division of Vietnam into North and South.	political power for the Communist Party in Vietnam.	C
719	us_history	In the "smoking gun" tape, Richard Nixon discussed the possibility of asking the Central Intelligence Agency to stop the Federal Bureau of Investigation from investigating Watergate matters. In the language of the Articles of Impeachment against Nixon, this charge became	breaking and entering.	taping people without their knowledge.	firing the special prosecutor.	obstruction of justice.	lying to the American people.	D
720	us_history	According to John Adams, "The Revolution was effected before the war commenced." By this he meant	taxation without representation was the real issue that led to the Revolutionary War in 1776.	the colonists in America had developed a unique character, independent of Great Britain, before the actual revolution took place.	the American colonists had reached a point in their development in which a separation from England was necessary.	the American Revolution was the result of the American policy of salutary neglect.	the Battle of Lexington and Concord had taken place before the signing of the Declaration of Independence.	B
721	us_history	The "Era of Good Feeling" can best be characterized as years of	active participation by the United States in world affairs.	economic growth within the United States.	lower tariffs on imported goods.	harmony over the issue of slavery.	political control of the government by the Federalist Party.	B
722	us_history	The accusation of a "corrupt bargain" in the election of 1824 was significant because	it marked the beginning of the spoils system in the administration of Andrew Jackson.	it was a cross-party agreement between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.	it led to the overwhelming election of Andrew Jackson in 1828.	John Quincy Adams had a majority of the popular vote but not a majority of the electoral vote.	it led to the political demise of Henry Clay.	C
723	us_history	"I stood alone on that wild prairie. Looking westward I saw my husband driving slowly over the plain[.] [T]urning my face once more to the east, my dear sister's footsteps were fast widening the distance between us. For the time I knew not which way to go, nor whom to follow. But in a few moments I rallied my forces … and soon overtook the slowly moving men who were bearing my husband and child over the prairie." Which of the following statements is NOT true of the above excerpt from the diary of a woman beginning her journey to the West?	It reflects the pioneer spirit.	It describes a conflict between a husband and wife about going west.	It shows how irrationally indecisive some people were.	It describes the fear of going into the unknown.	It shows that the wife ultimately chose her husband and child over her sister.	C
724	us_history	The effect of Jim Crow laws, passed by Southern states after the Reconstruction period, was	stricter voting requirements for African Americans.	the loss of citizenship for many African Americans.	separate economies-one run by and for whites and one run by and for African Americans.	a shift in African American loyalties from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.	racial segregation in public facilities.	E
725	us_history	Why did the Ghost Dance movement thrive among Native Americans in the 1880s?	Many Native Americans believed that it would protect them in conflicts with whites.	It became a popular tourist attraction.	Many Native Americans believed it would end a severe drought.	It was a way for a younger generation of Native Americans to resist the authority of their elders.	Native American culture was finally given respect and recognition in mainstream American culture.	A
726	us_history	Senator Henry Teller agreed to vote for a declaration of war against Spain in 1898 only on the condition that	Cuba would be granted its independence if the United States defeated Spain.	the United States would give up all claims to overseas possessions.	all of Spain's possessions would become U.S. possessions if the United States won the war.	President McKinley would initiate a progressive domestic agenda.	racially integrated units would be used in the war.	A
727	us_history	Henry Ford's financial success can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT	using an assembly line to produce an automobile every 93 minutes.	reducing the price of a Model T from $850 to $300.	attracting workers to his work force by paying them $5 per day.	retaining skilled European craftsmen and mechanics at his factories to ensure quality.	creating efficient work processes, based on the ideas of Frederick Winslow Taylor.	D
728	us_history	All of the following increased participation in the political process in the 20th century EXCEPT the	19th Amendment, giving women the right to vote.	17th Amendment, providing for the direct election of U.S. senators.	14th Amendment, granting civil rights to freedmen and women.	Voting Rights Act of 1965.	passage of state referendum acts.	C
729	us_history	Which of the following organizations advocated carrying guns for self-defense?	Students for a Democratic Society	Congress of Racial Equality	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People	Black Panther Party	Vietnam Day Committee	D
730	us_history	Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry objected to the proposed Constitution in 1787 because they felt that the Constitution would	undermine the principles for which the Revolutionary War was fought.	create too much democracy.	support slavery.	support states' rights.	create a weak executive.	A
731	us_history	I. "The Kansas-Nebraska Act authorizes the further extension of slavery and we have, do now, and will continue to protest most emphatically against … slavery." (1854) II. "The territories were the common property of the several states. As a joint agent of the states, Congress has no power to deny the citizens of any state the right to take their property into a territory… Therefore slavery is legal in the territories. If Wilmot carries, woe, woe I say to the union." (1850) III. "We beg the slave owners to pause before they proceed further to disturb the peace we had hoped the Compromise of 1850 would have made perpetual." (1854) Which of the above statement(s) would John C. Calhoun have supported?	I	II	III	I and III	II and III	B
732	us_history	Which of the following provisions would NOT be found in the various Black Codes passed after the Civil War?	A ban on African Americans carrying weapons	A prohibition on interracial marriages	A requirement that African Americans serve in the state National Guard units for two years	A requirement that African Americans attain a permit if they wished to travel	A ban on African Americans serving on juries	C
733	us_history	The federal government helped with the building of the transcontinental railroad by	providing the railroad companies with free iron and steel.	organizing a publicly owned railroad company.	raising the tariff to fund the project.	providing the railroad companies with land grants.	setting up the Interstate Commerce Commission to oversee the project.	D
734	us_history	The Treaty of Paris, which concluded the Spanish-American War in 1898, contained all of the following provisions EXCEPT that	Spain cede Puerto Rico to the United States.	Spain cede the Hawaiian Islands to the United States.	the United States agree to pay $20 million to Spain for the Philippines.	Guam become a U.S. territory.	Cuba be granted its independence.	B
735	us_history	Which of the following was a reason the Democratic Party failed to win the presidency in the 1920s?	Its opposition to Jim Crow laws alienated Southern voters.	Internal splits existed between urban moderates and rural conservatives.	It had opposed U.S. involvement in World War I.	Voters saw the party as responsible for the Great Depression.	Voters perceived that the party was overly friendly to big business.	B
736	us_history	Herbert Hoover's idea of "rugged individualism" suggested that	people were able to survive hard times through their inner strength and resources.	the government should give direct aid to the people in hard times.	all of the basic needs of the people are the sole responsibility of the government.	difficult times called for exceptional individuals to exercise power.	the government and the people are partners who must share equal responsibility for the well-being of the populace.	A
737	us_history	The U.S. government allocated massive sums of money to math and science the 1950s in response to which of the following?	The Soviet Union landing men on the moon	Fidel Castro coming to power in Cuba	The Soviet Union developing the world's first hydrogen bomb	The Soviet satellite Sputnik successfully orbiting the earth	The United States failing to produce a Nobel Prize winner in science	D
738	us_history	Which chief justice of the Supreme Court was said to be the leader of a very activist court?	William Rehnquist	Earl Warren	Felix Frankfurter	Roger Taney	Warren Burger	B
739	us_history	The New Right of the 1990s could best be described as	a group of conservative Democrats who sought to move their party away from its liberal agenda.	a liberal reaction to the conservative direction of the Democratic Party.	popular support for President Clinton's welfare reform policies.	an ultraconservative group within the Republican Party that gained control of Congress in 1994.	a group of Richard Nixon Republicans who opposed the impeachment of President Clinton.	D
740	us_history	The British settled in North America in the 17th century for all of the following reasons EXCEPT	primogeniture laws prevented some young men from acquiring wealth in England.	there was an increase in the population of England, which caused severe economic hardship.	the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 created a spirit of nationalism in England and weakened Spanish influence in North America.	educated Englishmen wanted to create a democracy that would serve as an example for other nations.	a depression in the woolen industry left England with high unemployment.	D
741	us_history	The period from 1781 to 1787 is often called the Critical Period because	the United States lacked strong leaders.	the Articles of Confederation had created a weak government that threatened the continued existence of the United States.	the British presence in the United States remained a powerful force that threatened the country.	French Huguenots had moved into the Ohio Valley, threatening American settlements there.	of continuous attacks by Native Americans on western settlements, slowing westward expansion.	B
742	us_history	One of the events that led Kansas to be called "Bleeding Kansas" in 1856 was	the fight by the free African American, Shadrach, against men enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law.	the sack of Lawrence by pro-slavery men.	John Brown's storming of a federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry.	the Fugitive Slave Law's effect on the carrying out of popular sovereignty.	the growth of the Second Great Awakening revival movement in the Burned-Over District.	B
744	us_history	The development of barbed wire in the second half of the 19th century was most significant in the history of the West because it	was used along railroad tracks to prevent animals from going onto the tracks.	enclosed Native American reservations, preventing mingling between Native Americans and whites.	enabled farmers to enclose their land, thus preventing cowboys from taking cattle on long runs.	allowed prospectors to protect their strikes from competitors.	was used to build a fence between Mexico and the United States to prevent illegal immigration into the United States.	C
745	us_history	John Dewey and other progressive educators of the early 20th century argued that the main function of education should be to	create a future generation of mathematicians and scientists.	prevent children from getting into mischief on the streets.	teach children the importance of rote memory.	instill in children a respect for God, country, and family.	impart to the young the skills needed to participate in democracy.	E
746	us_history	The novel It Can't Happen Here by Sinclair Lewis	warned Americans in the 1920s that excessive buying on credit could lead to an economic crisis.	described what the United States would look like if communists led a successful revolution in the 1950s.	imagined a fascist takeover in the United States in the 1930s.	addressed the danger of nuclear war in the 1960s.	woke Californians up in the 1970s to the dangers of a devastating earthquake.	C
747	us_history	In public, Truman justified his decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 by arguing that	these cities were industrial centers that helped the Japanese war effort.	these cities were relatively sparsely populated.	it would prevent the Soviet Union from attempting to seize land in Asia.	American strength would increase in Asia.	the American people were war-weary.	A
748	us_history	Which of the following was least likely to provoke a direct military confrontation between the United States and the USSR?	The Berlin Airlift of 1948	The Cuban missile crisis of 1962	The Soviet suppression of the Hungarian revolt in 1956	The construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961	The Korean War of 1950 to 1953	E
749	us_history	The Kerner Commission published a report concerning violence in America which stated that	immigrants were the source of conflict and should be barred from entry into the United States.	unions should be made illegal because they had been infiltrated by the Communist Party.	violence is caused by young people, and when the population got older after the baby boom, the level of violence would go down.	the death penalty would deter the high levels of violence against police officers.	the main cause of the urban riots of the 1960s was the economic and social gulf between races.	E
750	us_history	Slavery and indentured servitude in colonial America differed in that most indentured servants	were promised great financial compensation for their service.	were coerced into service.	received land after completion of their terms of indenture.	came voluntarily.	were considered members of their master's family.	D
751	us_history	In addition to improving the credit of the United States, Alexander Hamilton's financial program, approved by Congress in 1791,	increased the power of the states.	strengthened the political power of the common people.	increased the power of the presidency.	created support for the success and growth of the United States.	decreased the political differences between the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party.	D
752	us_history	Jefferson acted more like a Federalist than a Democratic-Republican when he	voted to establish the Bank of the United States.	purchased the Louisiana Territory.	commissioned Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory.	wrote the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions along with James Madison.	supported the idea of nullification.	B
753	us_history	At the beginning of the Mexican War in 1846, when "American blood was spilled on American soil," General Zachary Taylor and his troops were	in California waiting for the Mexicans to sell the Texas Territory.	north of the Rio Grande River in territory claimed by both Mexico and the United States.	in New Mexico marching toward Texas, attempting to resolve the border dispute between Texas and New Mexico.	on a ship sailing toward Texas.	in the Utah Territory at President Polk's request.	B
754	us_history	In the Platt Amendment, incorporated into Cuba's 1901 constitution, Cuba promised to do all of the following EXCEPT	allow the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.	set aside revenue to pay off debts to the United States.	refrain from signing treaties detrimental to U.S. interests.	provide land for American bases.	grant the United States exclusive trading privileges in Cuba.	E

651

us_history

Which event was the most important cause of the Nullification Crisis?

The passage of the Force Act under Andrew Jackson

The debates between Robert Y. Hayne and Daniel Webster

The Treaty of Ghent after the War of 1812

The passage of the Compromise Tariff of 1833

The passage of the 1828 Tariff of Abominations

E

652

us_history

Why did Stephen Douglas support the idea of Popular Sovereignty when designing the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?

It guaranteed that "free soilers" could exclude slavery from Kansas and Nebraska.

It was outlined in the Constitution as a method for creating new states.

It guaranteed that pro-slavery settlers could expand slavery in Kansas.

It seemed a fair way to resolve a difficult controversy.

It let the Congress decide on slavery in the territories.

D

653

us_history

Which of the following developments is NOT associated with the Gilded Age?

Relations between workers and owners became increasingly contentious.

African Americans' migration to industrial cities led to "white flight."

New inventions made communication between cities easier.

Many industries came to be dominated by a small number of large companies.

Corruption in politics became more public and widespread.

B

654

us_history

The publication of The Jungle contributed to rapid passage of the

Interstate Commerce Act.

Wade-Davis Bill.

Pure Food and Drug Act.

15th Amendment.

Clayton Antitrust Act.

C

655

us_history

A philosophical basis of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal was the

philosophy of Herbert Hoover.

practice of laissez-faire by the government.

combination of relief, recovery, and reform.

idea that wars end depression.

importance of gaining the approval of Congress before he established his programs.

C

656

us_history

In response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the United States

issued a document refusing to recognize Japanese actions as legitimate.

called a special session of the League of Nations.

sent General MacArthur to command U.S. forces in the Pacific.

engaged in a policy of watchful waiting.

sent the Panay, a naval vessel, to the coast of Japan.

A

657

us_history

During the years of Lyndon Johnson's presidency, all of the following were enacted EXCEPT

Medicare.

Medicaid.

the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.

the Constitutional Amendment eliminating the poll tax.

the Alliance for Progress.

E

658

us_history

For which of the following ideas in the 1970s was Gloria Steinem most noted?

Sex has political aspects, which can be seen in literary works by writers such as D. H. Lawrence and Norman Mailer.

Women should convince men to help with the housework.

Blacks and whites should have equality in the workplace.

Women should have equal rights with men.

The use of pesticides was harming the environment.

D

659

us_history

An example of the change in U.S. policy toward Vietnam since the end of the Vietnam War was best demonstrated by

increased aid given to North Vietnam by George H. W. Bush.

trade restrictions placed on Vietnam by George W. Bush.

recognition of the Vietnamese government by Richard Nixon.

criticism of Vietnam for its human rights violations by Jimmy Carter.

visits and trade talks conducted by Bill Clinton with Vietnamese leaders.

E

660

us_history

The New England colonists seemed to thrive in the early years of colonization as compared to the Southern colonists. The longer life spans and the overall growth of the population in New England have been attributed to the

participation of New Englanders in transatlantic trade.

lack of slavery and indentured servitude in New England.

strong religious beliefs and the family units with which they traveled to the New World.

larger number of single men in the New England colonies.

temperate climate of New England.

C

661

us_history

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was significant because it

ended British control of the Ohio Valley.

prohibited the extension of slavery into the Northwest Territory.

prevented slavery north of the 36° 30' north latitude line.

secured peaceful relations between the colonists and the Native Americans.

settled a dispute over the location of the boundary between Canada and the United States.

B

662

us_history

In the 1829 Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, David Walker called for

the gradual abolition of slavery.

a return to Africa for all African Americans.

the immediate abolition of slavery and, if necessary, for slaves to kill their masters.

slaves to wait until the time was right to ask the U.S. government for emancipation.

a separate state for freed people to live in.

C

663

us_history

Which of the following is an important reason the South lost the Civil War?

The South did not have enough guns to prevent the Union from overpowering it.

Slaves ran away, so there were fewer and fewer hands to do the work on the home front.

The Union generals were better military men, so they continually out-maneuvered the Southern forces.

The South was unable to ship any cotton because the Union blockade was so effective.

The issues of slavery and states rights were not important to the majority of Southerners.

B

665

us_history

One reason Woodrow Wilson was able to win the presidency in 1912 was that

Americans rallied around him during World War I.

a majority of African Americans voted for the Democratic Party.

Wilson's humble origins endeared him to working-class Americans.

there was a major split in the Republican Party.

his opponent died two weeks before the election.

D

666

us_history

Which of the following best describes the differences that existed between the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s?

The AFL had a huge membership, while the CIO never developed a mass following.

The AFL had its strength east of the Mississippi River, while the CIO was strongest west of the Mississippi.

The AFL was more cautious in its approach to conflicts with management, while the CIO was willing to use more militant tactics, such as the sit-down strike.

The AFL was actually a coalition of "company unions," organized by management to placate worker resentment, while the CIO was composed of actual worker organizations.

The AFL was dominated by Communist Party members, while the CIO, fearing government reprisals, excluded Communists from leadership positions.

C

667

us_history

In the "Letter from Birmingham Jail," Martin Luther King Jr. discussed the "strangely irrational notion that there is something in the flow of time that inevitably cures all ills. We must come to see that human progress never rolls on the wheels of inevitability." Which of the following represents the main idea of the above excerpt?

Nonviolence is the key to success for the civil rights movement.

The white moderates are obstacles to our victory.

We must act now.

Injustice must be eradicated everywhere.

Breaking unjust laws is justified.

C

668

us_history

The women's movement that emerged in the 1970s was called the second wave of feminism because it

took its name from the title of a book by Simone de Beauvoir.

built on the women's movement of the 19th century.

built on the women's movement of the 1930s.

took inspiration from the women's movement in Europe.

took its name from the title of a book by Kate Millett.

B

669

us_history

Ronald Reagan was called the "Teflon president" because he

was the Great Communicator.

told the truth without embellishment.

always had everything under control.

was never held responsible for the failures of his administration.

did not need special handling.

D

670

us_history

Rhode Island and the Massachusetts Bay Colony differed in that Rhode Island

was a theocracy.

was a royal colony.

lacked religious freedom.

practiced a policy of separation of church and state.

was located in New England.

D

671

us_history

The First and Second Great Awakenings were similar in that both

made use of revivals to attempt to convert the sinful.

enforced the Puritan use of incense.

encouraged long periods of silence during services so that the congregation felt the spirit of God.

were purely American phenomena.

employed deistic approaches to religious belief.

A

672

us_history

The implied powers clause of the U.S. Constitution was used to justify the

suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794.

addition of the Bill of Rights to the Constitution in 1791.

signing of Jay's Treaty with England in 1794.

passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789.

establishment of the Bank of the United States in 1791.

E

673

us_history

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments are similar in that all three

extended voting to different groups in the United States.

were ratified during the Civil War.

expanded the rights of African Americans.

were ratified despite opposition from the Republican Party.

protected the rights of property holders.

C

675

us_history

Wilson's idea of a "peace without victory" failed to become a reality in the Treaty of Versailles because

the Triple Alliance was totally responsible for the events leading to World War I.

England and France wanted Germany to pay for starting the war.

Wilson failed to pursue his ideas actively during the negotiations for the treaty.

the League of Nations was not established.

Germany refused to take part in the negotiations.

B

676

us_history

The use of the atomic bomb by the United States in 1945 was significant in that it

hastened the end of World War II.

caused the defeat of Harry Truman in the election of 1948.

led to the formation of the United Nations.

ushered in the computer age.

was the direct cause of the Cold War.

A

677

us_history

Which of the following is a central argument of the 1958 book, The Affluent Society, by John Kenneth Galbraith?

The key to economic growth is government noninterference in the economy.

A small group of wealthy and influential Americans had managed to gain control of both the economy and the government.

A Soviet-style command economy would best meet the needs of the majority of Americans.

The United States should reinvigorate its agricultural sector with heavy subsidies to farmers and high tariffs on imported agricultural products.

American society was ignoring social goods in the pursuit of private material gain.

E

678

us_history

All of the following Cold War ideas involved Europe EXCEPT

the Truman Doctrine.

the domino theory.

Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).

containment.

détente.

B

679

us_history

The election of Barack Obama as president was significant for all of these reasons EXCEPT that

he was the first African American ever elected.

he was the youngest president ever elected.

he was the first senator to win an election since John F. Kennedy.

he was the first candidate to utilize the full power of the Internet.

it was the first time a sitting senator had defeated another sitting senator.

B

680

us_history

As a result of the French and Indian War, the American colonists developed a

hostile attitude toward the Indians.

greater sense of self-confidence.

greater respect for the British.

desire to create a strong army.

desire to ally with Spain.

B

681

us_history

The beginnings of a uniquely American culture in the 1700s were seen in

the success of the American generals who fought in the French and Indian War.

John Locke's views regarding human rights.

the development of the belief in transcendentalism.

the works of artists and poets like John Trumbull and Phillis Wheatley.

the writing of the "Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key.

D

682

us_history

The constitutionality of the Bank of the United States was upheld in the Supreme Court decision in the case of

McCulloch v. Maryland.

Marbury v. Madison.

Plessy v. Ferguson.

Dred Scott v. Sanford.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.

A

684

us_history

An unintended consequence of the implementation of the 1862 Homestead Act was that

very few people volunteered to participate in the program.

much of the land that was intended for homesteading ended up in the hands of large agricultural firms.

the land that was involved in the program was incapable of producing crops.

the homesteaders often had clashes with Native Americans.

corrupt politicians sold the best land to speculators.

B

685

us_history

Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst were similar in that both were

muckraking journalists who wrote articles that exposed government corruption.

moralizing commentators who chastised the public for their vices.

anti-imperialist editorial writers who pushed the United States in an isolationist direction.

publishers who owned newspapers, which sensationalized accounts of events.

writers of non-English newspapers that appealed to recently arrived immigrants.

D

686

us_history

There were protests against the "Palmer Raids" of the late 1910s and early 1920s on the grounds that they

blurred the separation of church and state.

discriminated against women.

violated protections against unwarranted search and seizure.

discriminated against African Americans.

failed to protect the rights of Native Americans.

C

687

us_history

Which of the following was the reason the Supreme Court decided that prayers could not be required in public schools?

Church membership had declined.

Atheism had spread throughout American society.

Prayer in public schools violated the 1st Amendment.

Prayer in public schools would lead to a renewal of religious tests for public office.

Americans no longer considered prayer to be important in their lives.

C

688

us_history

The main purpose of the Free Speech Movement of 1964 was to

make unions more democratic and give workers more power.

support the American Civil Liberties Union.

remove the censorship from rock-and-roll lyrics.

change radio programming.

allow college students to support civil rights and political causes.

E

689

us_history

The high gasoline prices that occurred during the administration of Jimmy Carter caused

deflation because the value of the dollar was falling.

inflation because prices were rising and the value of the dollar was falling.

depression because the bottom fell out of the stock market.

stagnation because employment was so high.

a rise in the value of the dollar because the prices were so high.

B

690

us_history

The fact that Spain, rather than its rival, Portugal, was the dominant power in the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries was largely the result of the

fact that Spanish ships were faster than Portuguese ships.

large numbers of Spanish settlers who arrived in the New World.

Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494.

success of Christopher Columbus in the New World.

large treasury that had been accumulated by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.

C

691

us_history

The creation of the Electoral College and the indirect election of senators demonstrates that the framers of the Constitution were concerned with the

effects of a strong central government.

problems created by weak state governments.

possibility of corruption in the election process.

excesses of democracy.

need to protect the rights of the majority.

D

692

us_history

The Northwest Ordinance and the Missouri Compromise of 1820 were similar in that both documents

set guidelines on the number of new states to be established.

admitted new states into the Union.

established public schools in new territories.

provided for the fair treatment of the Native American population.

restricted slavery in areas yet to be admitted as states.

E

693

us_history

"The owner fed us regular on good food just like you would a good horse if you had one."-An escaped slave (explaining why he ran away) This quotation reflects the ex-slave's belief that

the slave owner was a good master.

he should be treated as more than a piece of property.

if slaves are treated well, they will be happy.

his owner took proper care of his slaves.

he was always satisfied as a slave.

B

694

us_history

Which of the following quotes comes from Abraham Lincoln's First Inaugural Address of March 1861?

A house divided against itself cannot stand.

Government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth.

Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable.

You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors.

With malice toward none and charity for all.

D

695

us_history

Most of the prominent labor battles of the late 19th century, such as the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Pullman Strike of 1894, occurred in the aftermath of

government recognition of workers' right to organize unions.

deadly accidents.

production speedups.

wage cuts.

the formation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).

D

696

us_history

After Spain's defeat in the Spanish-American War in 1898, the Philippines

became an independent republic with a democratic constitution.

ceased to exist as a political entity, becoming a string of independent islands.

fought against the United States to gain independence but became a U.S. colony.

stayed within the strategic orbit of Spain.

became the first satellite nation of the Soviet Union.

C

697

us_history

Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois differed in their approaches to addressing discrimination against African Americans. Which statement below best represents Washington's position?

Since racial integration is not possible in the United States, African Americans should go back to Africa.

The best way for African Americans to improve their position in society is to gain vocational training to obtain jobs in agriculture, crafts, and manufacturing.

African Americans should engage in nonviolent civil disobedience to put pressure on the federal government to end discriminatory practices.

African Americans should pursue equality 'by any means necessary,' including violence in self-defense.

African Americans could best achieve their goals by running candidates for public office to vote out those who discriminate against them in state and federal government.

B

698

us_history

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs, which were designed to end the Great Depression,

were overwhelmingly effective in ending unemployment.

had a limited effect on ending the Depression.

led the United States into World War II.

were strongly supported by the Supreme Court.

led to the establishment of the Federal Reserve System.

B

699

us_history

The Supreme Court's decision in the case of Roe v. Wade was based on

freedom of the press.

the right of habeas corpus.

executive privilege.

the right to privacy.

eminent domain.

D

700

us_history

The adoption of the Barbados Slave Codes by South Carolina in 1696 resulted in

an increased number of indentured servants.

the development of the abolition movement in the North.

the development of chattel slavery in the colonies, which centered on race.

Bacon's Rebellion.

the development of a paternalistic view of slavery in South Carolina.

C

701

us_history

Which of the following was one of the main legal objections that the colonists made to Parliament in regard to the Stamp Act?

It taxed too many items used by the colonists in their daily lives.

It constituted an attempt to coerce the colonists to obey the crown.

It was a direct tax on the colonists.

It restricted colonial trade.

It placed extremely high taxes on colonial goods.

C

702

us_history

President Washington's actions in the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 demonstrated the power of the central government to

suspend habeas corpus in times of extreme danger.

enforce the laws of the land.

prohibit the sale and consumption of liquor.

control the production of whiskey.

subsidize the production of grain used to make whiskey.

B

703

us_history

"Pompey, how do I look?" "Mighty massa, mighty." "What do you mean mighty, Pompey?" "Why massa you look noble." "What do you mean by 'noble'?" "Why you look just like one lion." "Now Pompey, where have you ever seen a lion?" "I saw one down in yonder field the other day." "Pompey, you foolish fellow, that was a jackass." "Was it massa? Well, you look just like him." Who would be most likely to have related this dialogue to whom?

A slaveholder to his son

A white overseer to his son

A slave mother to her son

A Confederate schoolboy to his friends

A white overseer to another white overseer

C

704

us_history

President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan called for the former Confederate states to

pass the Civil Rights Act.

support the Freedman's Bureau.

endorse the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery.

arrest all the men who served in the Confederate government.

guarantee that the freedmen would attain the right to vote.

C

705

us_history

During the Gilded Age, the U.S. economy

faltered because industries failed to convert from wartime production to peacetime production after the Civil War.

grew at a rapid pace, but the gap between the wealthy and poor widened.

was characterized by a growing agricultural sector and a back-to-the-land movement.

suffered because of the nation's overdependence on the slave trade.

was cut off from the world economic system due to high tariffs and isolationist policies.

B

706

us_history

"Blue laws," supported by the Republican Party in many states during the Gilded Age,

regulated the number of hours children could work.

mandated that producers honestly portray the contents of their products.

provided price supports for struggling farmers.

reformed civil service procedures.

made illegal certain activities that were seen by some as immoral.

E

707

us_history

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the growth of the Communist Party in the United States in the 1930s?

The Communist Party tapped into many people's doubts about the efficacy of the capitalist system during the Great Depression.

The Communist Party, as part of its Popular Front strategy, avoided talk of impending revolution and advocated forming alliances with anti-fascist liberals.

The Communist Party's work on behalf of African Americans, as is evident in the Scottsboro case, won it many adherents.

The Communist Party's espionage work on behalf of the Soviet Union created an aura of dedication and audacity.

The large number of Eastern European immigrants who had supported communism back home gravitated toward the Communist Party in the United States.

D

708

us_history

The most important impetus behind the emergence of the modern Civil Rights Movement was

the founding of the NAACP.

lynchings.

the March on Washington.

the experience of African Americans in World War II.

the Freedom Rides.

D

709

us_history

In his farewell address, President Dwight D. Eisenhower

urged future administrations to avoid entanglements with European powers.

predicted that environmental issues would become more important in the nation's future.

castigated Joseph McCarthy for his excessive zeal.

advocated that the government wage a war on illicit drugs.

warned the nation of the power of the military-industrial complex.

E

710

us_history

The French and Indian War, which ended in 1763, greatly affected the American colonists because it

removed the French threat against the colonists.

resulted in the expansion of the colonies east of the Appalachian Mountains.

marked the beginning of the British policy of salutary neglect in the colonies.

removed the Indian threat from the frontier settlements.

marked the end of mercantilism.

A

711

us_history

Tensions between England and the United States grew between 1790 and 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the

impressment of U.S. seamen into British service.

British incitement to violence of the Indian population on the frontier.

British military occupation in the Ohio Valley.

XYZ Affair.

Americans' continued holding of Loyalists' lands.

D

712

us_history

The most important result of the development of interchangeable parts in the early 19th century was that it allowed

printers to make newspapers more easily.

farmers to harvest crops more easily.

manufacturers to make their assembly lines more efficient.

children to have safer toys.

coopers to cut staves in their barrels more precisely.

C

713

us_history

The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following EXCEPT

a strengthened Fugitive Slave Law.

permission to continue slavery but not slave auctions in Washington, D.C.

resolution of the Texas-New Mexico border dispute.

postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the California territory.

postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the Utah territory.

D

714

us_history

An important result of the impeachment crisis of 1868 was that

President Andrew Johnson was removed from office.

power shifted in the government from President Andrew Johnson to Congress.

President Andrew Johnson was able to defeat the Radicals' plan for Reconstruction.

impeachment proceedings motivated by political differences became common in subsequent years.

impeachment rules were rewritten to preclude another politically motivated impeachment.

B

715

us_history

To remedy problems American farmers faced in the last quarter of the 19th century, the Populist Party advocated a policy of

increasing the amount of currency in circulation.

raising interest rates on bank loans.

raising tariffs to keep foreign agricultural products out of the United States.

helping farmers resettle in urban areas.

curbing inflation.

A

716

us_history

The reasons for the United States's entry into World War I included the goal of

destroying Germany and its people.

organizing a "Great Parade" for freedom.

protecting U.S. interests in the Far East.

protecting freedom of the seas.

retaliating for the attack on the United States by Japan.

D

717

us_history

After World War II, NATO was formed primarily to

assist emerging nations in Asia.

stop the spread of Communism in Europe.

promote democratic reforms in Latin America.

provide economic aid to war-torn nations in Europe.

halt the growth of fascism in southern Africa.

B

718

us_history

The 1954, Vietnam peace negotiations in Geneva provided for all of the following EXCEPT

elections in 1956.

the elimination of a French presence in Vietnam.

a U.S. role in the future of Vietnam.

the temporary division of Vietnam into North and South.

political power for the Communist Party in Vietnam.

C

719

us_history

In the "smoking gun" tape, Richard Nixon discussed the possibility of asking the Central Intelligence Agency to stop the Federal Bureau of Investigation from investigating Watergate matters. In the language of the Articles of Impeachment against Nixon, this charge became

breaking and entering.

taping people without their knowledge.

firing the special prosecutor.

obstruction of justice.

lying to the American people.

D

720

us_history

According to John Adams, "The Revolution was effected before the war commenced." By this he meant

taxation without representation was the real issue that led to the Revolutionary War in 1776.

the colonists in America had developed a unique character, independent of Great Britain, before the actual revolution took place.

the American colonists had reached a point in their development in which a separation from England was necessary.

the American Revolution was the result of the American policy of salutary neglect.

the Battle of Lexington and Concord had taken place before the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

B

721

us_history

The "Era of Good Feeling" can best be characterized as years of

active participation by the United States in world affairs.

economic growth within the United States.

lower tariffs on imported goods.

harmony over the issue of slavery.

political control of the government by the Federalist Party.

B

722

us_history

The accusation of a "corrupt bargain" in the election of 1824 was significant because

it marked the beginning of the spoils system in the administration of Andrew Jackson.

it was a cross-party agreement between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.

it led to the overwhelming election of Andrew Jackson in 1828.

John Quincy Adams had a majority of the popular vote but not a majority of the electoral vote.

it led to the political demise of Henry Clay.

C

723

us_history

"I stood alone on that wild prairie. Looking westward I saw my husband driving slowly over the plain[.] [T]urning my face once more to the east, my dear sister's footsteps were fast widening the distance between us. For the time I knew not which way to go, nor whom to follow. But in a few moments I rallied my forces … and soon overtook the slowly moving men who were bearing my husband and child over the prairie." Which of the following statements is NOT true of the above excerpt from the diary of a woman beginning her journey to the West?

It reflects the pioneer spirit.

It describes a conflict between a husband and wife about going west.

It shows how irrationally indecisive some people were.

It describes the fear of going into the unknown.

It shows that the wife ultimately chose her husband and child over her sister.

C

724

us_history

The effect of Jim Crow laws, passed by Southern states after the Reconstruction period, was

stricter voting requirements for African Americans.

the loss of citizenship for many African Americans.

separate economies-one run by and for whites and one run by and for African Americans.

a shift in African American loyalties from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.

racial segregation in public facilities.

E

725

us_history

Why did the Ghost Dance movement thrive among Native Americans in the 1880s?

Many Native Americans believed that it would protect them in conflicts with whites.

It became a popular tourist attraction.

Many Native Americans believed it would end a severe drought.

It was a way for a younger generation of Native Americans to resist the authority of their elders.

Native American culture was finally given respect and recognition in mainstream American culture.

A

726

us_history

Senator Henry Teller agreed to vote for a declaration of war against Spain in 1898 only on the condition that

Cuba would be granted its independence if the United States defeated Spain.

the United States would give up all claims to overseas possessions.

all of Spain's possessions would become U.S. possessions if the United States won the war.

President McKinley would initiate a progressive domestic agenda.

racially integrated units would be used in the war.

A

727

us_history

Henry Ford's financial success can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

using an assembly line to produce an automobile every 93 minutes.

reducing the price of a Model T from $850 to $300.

attracting workers to his work force by paying them $5 per day.

retaining skilled European craftsmen and mechanics at his factories to ensure quality.

creating efficient work processes, based on the ideas of Frederick Winslow Taylor.

D

728

us_history

All of the following increased participation in the political process in the 20th century EXCEPT the

19th Amendment, giving women the right to vote.

17th Amendment, providing for the direct election of U.S. senators.

14th Amendment, granting civil rights to freedmen and women.

Voting Rights Act of 1965.

passage of state referendum acts.

C

729

us_history

Which of the following organizations advocated carrying guns for self-defense?

Students for a Democratic Society

Congress of Racial Equality

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Black Panther Party

Vietnam Day Committee

D

730

us_history

Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry objected to the proposed Constitution in 1787 because they felt that the Constitution would

undermine the principles for which the Revolutionary War was fought.

create too much democracy.

support slavery.

support states' rights.

create a weak executive.

A

731

us_history

I. "The Kansas-Nebraska Act authorizes the further extension of slavery and we have, do now, and will continue to protest most emphatically against … slavery." (1854) II. "The territories were the common property of the several states. As a joint agent of the states, Congress has no power to deny the citizens of any state the right to take their property into a territory… Therefore slavery is legal in the territories. If Wilmot carries, woe, woe I say to the union." (1850) III. "We beg the slave owners to pause before they proceed further to disturb the peace we had hoped the Compromise of 1850 would have made perpetual." (1854) Which of the above statement(s) would John C. Calhoun have supported?

I

II

III

I and III

II and III

B

732

us_history

Which of the following provisions would NOT be found in the various Black Codes passed after the Civil War?

A ban on African Americans carrying weapons

A prohibition on interracial marriages

A requirement that African Americans serve in the state National Guard units for two years

A requirement that African Americans attain a permit if they wished to travel

A ban on African Americans serving on juries

C

733

us_history

The federal government helped with the building of the transcontinental railroad by

providing the railroad companies with free iron and steel.

organizing a publicly owned railroad company.

raising the tariff to fund the project.

providing the railroad companies with land grants.

setting up the Interstate Commerce Commission to oversee the project.

D

734

us_history

The Treaty of Paris, which concluded the Spanish-American War in 1898, contained all of the following provisions EXCEPT that

Spain cede Puerto Rico to the United States.

Spain cede the Hawaiian Islands to the United States.

the United States agree to pay $20 million to Spain for the Philippines.

Guam become a U.S. territory.

Cuba be granted its independence.

B

735

us_history

Which of the following was a reason the Democratic Party failed to win the presidency in the 1920s?

Its opposition to Jim Crow laws alienated Southern voters.

Internal splits existed between urban moderates and rural conservatives.

It had opposed U.S. involvement in World War I.

Voters saw the party as responsible for the Great Depression.

Voters perceived that the party was overly friendly to big business.

B

736

us_history

Herbert Hoover's idea of "rugged individualism" suggested that

people were able to survive hard times through their inner strength and resources.

the government should give direct aid to the people in hard times.

all of the basic needs of the people are the sole responsibility of the government.

difficult times called for exceptional individuals to exercise power.

the government and the people are partners who must share equal responsibility for the well-being of the populace.

A

737

us_history

The U.S. government allocated massive sums of money to math and science the 1950s in response to which of the following?

The Soviet Union landing men on the moon

Fidel Castro coming to power in Cuba

The Soviet Union developing the world's first hydrogen bomb

The Soviet satellite Sputnik successfully orbiting the earth

The United States failing to produce a Nobel Prize winner in science

D

738

us_history

Which chief justice of the Supreme Court was said to be the leader of a very activist court?

William Rehnquist

Earl Warren

Felix Frankfurter

Roger Taney

Warren Burger

B

739

us_history

The New Right of the 1990s could best be described as

a group of conservative Democrats who sought to move their party away from its liberal agenda.

a liberal reaction to the conservative direction of the Democratic Party.

popular support for President Clinton's welfare reform policies.

an ultraconservative group within the Republican Party that gained control of Congress in 1994.

a group of Richard Nixon Republicans who opposed the impeachment of President Clinton.

D

740

us_history

The British settled in North America in the 17th century for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

primogeniture laws prevented some young men from acquiring wealth in England.

there was an increase in the population of England, which caused severe economic hardship.

the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 created a spirit of nationalism in England and weakened Spanish influence in North America.

educated Englishmen wanted to create a democracy that would serve as an example for other nations.

a depression in the woolen industry left England with high unemployment.

D

741

us_history

The period from 1781 to 1787 is often called the Critical Period because

the United States lacked strong leaders.

the Articles of Confederation had created a weak government that threatened the continued existence of the United States.

the British presence in the United States remained a powerful force that threatened the country.

French Huguenots had moved into the Ohio Valley, threatening American settlements there.

of continuous attacks by Native Americans on western settlements, slowing westward expansion.

B

742

us_history

One of the events that led Kansas to be called "Bleeding Kansas" in 1856 was

the fight by the free African American, Shadrach, against men enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law.

the sack of Lawrence by pro-slavery men.

John Brown's storming of a federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry.

the Fugitive Slave Law's effect on the carrying out of popular sovereignty.

the growth of the Second Great Awakening revival movement in the Burned-Over District.

B

744

us_history

The development of barbed wire in the second half of the 19th century was most significant in the history of the West because it

was used along railroad tracks to prevent animals from going onto the tracks.

enclosed Native American reservations, preventing mingling between Native Americans and whites.

enabled farmers to enclose their land, thus preventing cowboys from taking cattle on long runs.

allowed prospectors to protect their strikes from competitors.

was used to build a fence between Mexico and the United States to prevent illegal immigration into the United States.

C

745

us_history

John Dewey and other progressive educators of the early 20th century argued that the main function of education should be to

create a future generation of mathematicians and scientists.

prevent children from getting into mischief on the streets.

teach children the importance of rote memory.

instill in children a respect for God, country, and family.

impart to the young the skills needed to participate in democracy.

E

746

us_history

The novel It Can't Happen Here by Sinclair Lewis

warned Americans in the 1920s that excessive buying on credit could lead to an economic crisis.

described what the United States would look like if communists led a successful revolution in the 1950s.

imagined a fascist takeover in the United States in the 1930s.

addressed the danger of nuclear war in the 1960s.

woke Californians up in the 1970s to the dangers of a devastating earthquake.

C

747

us_history

In public, Truman justified his decision to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 by arguing that

these cities were industrial centers that helped the Japanese war effort.

these cities were relatively sparsely populated.

it would prevent the Soviet Union from attempting to seize land in Asia.

American strength would increase in Asia.

the American people were war-weary.

A

748

us_history

Which of the following was least likely to provoke a direct military confrontation between the United States and the USSR?

The Berlin Airlift of 1948

The Cuban missile crisis of 1962

The Soviet suppression of the Hungarian revolt in 1956

The construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961

The Korean War of 1950 to 1953

E

749

us_history

The Kerner Commission published a report concerning violence in America which stated that

immigrants were the source of conflict and should be barred from entry into the United States.

unions should be made illegal because they had been infiltrated by the Communist Party.

violence is caused by young people, and when the population got older after the baby boom, the level of violence would go down.

the death penalty would deter the high levels of violence against police officers.

the main cause of the urban riots of the 1960s was the economic and social gulf between races.

E

750

us_history

Slavery and indentured servitude in colonial America differed in that most indentured servants

were promised great financial compensation for their service.

were coerced into service.

received land after completion of their terms of indenture.

came voluntarily.

were considered members of their master's family.

D

751

us_history

In addition to improving the credit of the United States, Alexander Hamilton's financial program, approved by Congress in 1791,

increased the power of the states.

strengthened the political power of the common people.

increased the power of the presidency.

created support for the success and growth of the United States.

decreased the political differences between the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party.

D

752

us_history

Jefferson acted more like a Federalist than a Democratic-Republican when he

voted to establish the Bank of the United States.

purchased the Louisiana Territory.

commissioned Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory.

wrote the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions along with James Madison.

supported the idea of nullification.

B

753

us_history

At the beginning of the Mexican War in 1846, when "American blood was spilled on American soil," General Zachary Taylor and his troops were

in California waiting for the Mexicans to sell the Texas Territory.

north of the Rio Grande River in territory claimed by both Mexico and the United States.

in New Mexico marching toward Texas, attempting to resolve the border dispute between Texas and New Mexico.

on a ship sailing toward Texas.

in the Utah Territory at President Polk's request.

B

754

us_history

In the Platt Amendment, incorporated into Cuba's 1901 constitution, Cuba promised to do all of the following EXCEPT

allow the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.

set aside revenue to pay off debts to the United States.

refrain from signing treaties detrimental to U.S. interests.

provide land for American bases.

grant the United States exclusive trading privileges in Cuba.

E