Datasets:

Yusuf5

/

OpenCaselistLI

like 1

1NC

Congress

1NC—Squo Solves

Plenty of disclosure and accountability now

Zenko 17 -Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House [Micah, Aug 1, Foreign Policy, Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House, https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/08/01/donald-trump-is-pushing-americas-special-forces-past-the-breaking-point-jsoc-navy-seal/, accessed 9/30/18]

Zenko 17

1NC

Secrecy Adv

1nc exec secrecy adv

Plenty of disclosure and accountability now

Zenko 17 -Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House [Micah, Aug 1, Foreign Policy, Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House, https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/08/01/donald-trump-is-pushing-americas-special-forces-past-the-breaking-point-jsoc-navy-seal/, accessed 9/30/18]

Zenko 17

A3

1nc internal link d

Plenty of disclosure and accountability now

Zenko 17 -Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House [Micah, Aug 1, Foreign Policy, Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House, https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/08/01/donald-trump-is-pushing-americas-special-forces-past-the-breaking-point-jsoc-navy-seal/, accessed 9/30/18]

Zenko 17

congressional control

Plenty of disclosure and accountability now

Zenko 17 -Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House [Micah, Aug 1, Foreign Policy, Whitehead Senior Fellow at Chatham House, https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/08/01/donald-trump-is-pushing-americas-special-forces-past-the-breaking-point-jsoc-navy-seal/, accessed 9/30/18]

Zenko 17

Kritik Mechanics

Links

Link – Agamben

Amaben’s rhetoric fails to include discussion of Indigenous people

Arnold 17 (Jobb Dixon, Department of Conflict Resolution Studies, Menno Simons College, University of Winnipeg, 520 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3C 0G2, Canada., “Bare Nature and the Genocide– Ecocide Nexus—The Conditions of General Threat and the Hope of Cultural Adaptation: The Case of Canada’s Tar Sands”, pgg. 24-26)

Arnold 17

AT – CP

AT – States CP

2AC – LTNB

Links to the net benefit---requires congressional approval or else it strains federalism---OR Congress takes years to approve

Noah D. Hall and Benjamin C. Houston 13, Noah is a Professor of Environmental Law @ Wayne State University and has a J.D. @ University of Michigan Law School AND Ben has a LL.M. @ Lewis & Clark Law School and a J.D. @ the University of Michigan Law School, "Law and Governance of the Great Lakes," DePaul L. Rev. 63 (2013): 723, https://www.greatlakeslaw.org/files/law_and_governance_of_the_great_lakes.pdf, // [nayak]

Hall and Houston 13 , // [nayak]

Neg

AT: Global Credibiluty

--- XT: Alt Causes to Democracy

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

On

3

Modeling

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

Case

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

NEG---CASE

Human Rights ADV

HR Cred---No Democratic Model

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

Human Rights Neg

Transactionalism Adv Answers

--- XT: Alt Causes to Democracy

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

**Impact Core FFPSV**

**AT: Democracy**

AT: Modelling

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

1NC

Case

1

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

Case

Human rights

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

1NC vs CKM

Case

1NC – Yemen War

U.S. democracy unlikely to be modeled now

Nossel, 19 --- CEO of the Pen American Center and was formerly deputy assistant secretary of state for international organizations at the U.S. State Department (1/24/19, Suzanne, “Trump and May Are Discrediting Democracy; Chaos and dysfunction in Washington and London make liberal democratic government look bad—and embolden China and Russia to market authoritarianism as an efficient alternative,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/01/24/trump-and-may-are-discrediting-democracy-shutdown-brexit-china-russia-authoritarian-model/, accessed on 6/14/19, JMP)

Nossel, 19

Cal EE – 2NC

Adv 2

Case

No prolif impact – best statistical models

Suzuki 15 [Akisato, Researcher, Institute for International Conflict Resolution and Reconstruction, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, MA in Violence, Terrorism and Security at Queen's University, “Is more better or worse? New empirics on nuclear proliferation and interstate conflict by Random Forests,” Research and Politics, SagePub, June 2015]

Suzuki 15

1NC Round 3 Indiana

FMCT

AT: prolif

No prolif impact – best statistical models

Suzuki 15 [Akisato, Researcher, Institute for International Conflict Resolution and Reconstruction, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, MA in Violence, Terrorism and Security at Queen's University, “Is more better or worse? New empirics on nuclear proliferation and interstate conflict by Random Forests,” Research and Politics, SagePub, June 2015]

Suzuki 15

2NC Round 3 Indiana

FMCT

AT Prolif

No prolif impact – best statistical models

Suzuki 15 [Akisato, Researcher, Institute for International Conflict Resolution and Reconstruction, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, MA in Violence, Terrorism and Security at Queen's University, “Is more better or worse? New empirics on nuclear proliferation and interstate conflict by Random Forests,” Research and Politics, SagePub, June 2015]

Suzuki 15

1NR Round 3 Indiana

FMCT

AT Prolif

No prolif impact – best statistical models

Suzuki 15 [Akisato, Researcher, Institute for International Conflict Resolution and Reconstruction, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, MA in Violence, Terrorism and Security at Queen's University, “Is more better or worse? New empirics on nuclear proliferation and interstate conflict by Random Forests,” Research and Politics, SagePub, June 2015]

Suzuki 15

1NC

K

The 1AC is trapped in the theme park of radical action that gives the rush of agency only to sustain the systemic economic exploitation of the soldier they critique – only the alternative can address the structures that mediate subjectivity without risking economic self-reproduction

Blühdorn 06 – Reader in Politics and Political Sociology at the University of Bath (Ingolfur, “Self-Experience in the Theme Park of Radical Action? Social Movements and Political Articulation in the Late-Modern Condition,” European Journal of Social Theory 9(1): 23-42, http://people.bath.ac.uk/mlsib/public%20access/Self-Experience%20in%20the%20Theme%20Park%20of%20Radical%20Action.pdf, accessed 2-6-15 //Bosley)

Blühdorn 06 – Reader in Politics and Political Sociology at the University of Bath

2AC

k---Capitalism

Inequality, the aff addresses solves it---lack of competition is regressive, but antitrust solves.

Philippe Aghion, Reda Cherif, & Fuad Hasanov 21. French economist who is a Professor at College de France, at INSEAD, and at the London School of Economics. Senior Economist at the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Senior Economist at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and an Adjunct Professor of Economics at Georgetown University. “Competition, Innovation, and Inclusive Growth.” https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2021/080/article-A001-en.xml.

Aghion Cherif & Hasanov 21

2nc

case

--- 2nc link

NFU forces the US to drastically scale up defense spending and foreign military presence

Lowry 16 (Rich, editor @ National Review, "Obama’s nuclear fantasy would make the world more dangerous", New York Post, https://nypost.com/2016/08/08/obamas-nuclear-fantasy-would-make-the-world-more-dangerous/)

Lowry 16

Aff

Disad Answers

AT: DA Japan – No Internal Link

LDP stable enough to pass a controversial policy and get away with it

Nagai and Mizorogi 19. Oki Nagai and Takuya Mizorogi are staff writters for Nikkei Asian Review, [“Japan's ruling coalition outshines other developed democracies”, 10-6-19, Nikkei Asian Review, URL: https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Japan-s-ruling-coalition-outshines-other-developed-democracies] RN

Nagai and Mizorogi 19

USMCA Politics

NEG

--Trade Impact Ext

Protectionism causes nuclear war.

Panzner 8 (Michael Panzner, Faculty, New York Institute of Finance, MA Columbia, “Financial Armageddon”, p. 137-138)

Panzner 8

1NR

USMCA

--Trade Impact Ext

Protectionism causes nuclear war.

Panzner 8 (Michael Panzner, Faculty, New York Institute of Finance, MA Columbia, “Financial Armageddon”, p. 137-138)

Panzner 8

USMCA DA – Samford Packet

*** Neg ***

Impact---Trade---2NC

Protectionism causes nuclear war.

Panzner 8 (Michael Panzner, Faculty, New York Institute of Finance, MA Columbia, “Financial Armageddon”, p. 137-138)

Panzner 8

1NR

USMCA

AT Russia peaceful

Protectionism causes nuclear war.

Panzner 8 (Michael Panzner, Faculty, New York Institute of Finance, MA Columbia, “Financial Armageddon”, p. 137-138)

Panzner 8

1NC vs San mateo

Case

Access Adv

Same old flawed studies—inserted below in green.

PND 16. internally citing Zbigniew Brzezinski, Council of Foreign Relations and former national security adviser to President Carter, Toon and Robock’s 2012 study on nuclear winter in the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, Gareth Evans’ International Commission on Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament Report, Congressional EMP studies, studies on nuclear winter by Seth Baum of the Global Catastrophic Risk Institute and Martin Hellman of Stanford University, and U.S. and Russian former Defense Secretaries and former heads of nuclear missile forces, brief submitted to the United Nations General Assembly, Open-Ended Working Group on nuclear risks. A/AC.286/NGO/13. 05-03-2016. http://www.reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/OEWG/2016/Documents/NGO13.pdf //Re-cut by Elmer

PND 16 internally citing Toon and Robock’s 2012 study on nuclear winter

**Russia Sphere of Influence**

Russia SOI Offense

Russia SOI Good – BRICS

Russian involvement in Latin America causes BRICS rise – avoids proxy wars

Ellis 11 – Evan, PhD assistant professor with the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies with a focus in Latin America’s relationship with external actors (“Emerging Multi-Power Competitions in Latin

Ellis 11

1NR

QPQ CP

2NC --- Perm --- DCP

b. “Substantially limit.”

O’Connor 99 – Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, a 7-2 decision. [Sutton v. United Air Lines, Inc., Supreme Court of the United States, 527 U.S. 471, 6-22-99, Westlaw]//BPS

O’Connor 99

1NR

QPQ CP

2NC --- Perm --- DCP

b. “Substantially limit.”

O’Connor 99 – Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, a 7-2 decision. [Sutton v. United Air Lines, Inc., Supreme Court of the United States, 527 U.S. 471, 6-22-99, Westlaw]//BPS

O’Connor 99

Case

4

Episbad

Epistemological dogmatism is ineffective at resolving things – need a diversity of epistemologies to respond to diff problems.

Wight 7

Wight 7

**Rice- AFF**

Link

South East Asia

Rice is not critical to Asian economies.

Timmer, Professor of Development Studies @ Harvard University, 10 [Peter, September, Asian Development Bank, “The Changing Role of Rice in Asia’s Food Security”, p. 1, http://agriskmanagementforum.org/sites/agriskmanagementforum.org/files/Documents/adb-wp15-rice-food-security.pdf, accessed 7/3/13, CC]

Timmer, Professor of Development Studies @ Harvard University, 10

1AC

1AC – Prices

3. Avoidable hospitalizations and admin costs

Dhaval DAVE 17. Stanton Research Professor of Economics at Bentley University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. “Health Care: Multi-Payer or Single-Payer?” Eastern Economic Journal 43: 180-2. Emory Libraries.

DAVE 17

1AC

1AC – Prices

3. Avoidable hospitalizations and admin costs

Dhaval DAVE 17. Stanton Research Professor of Economics at Bentley University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. “Health Care: Multi-Payer or Single-Payer?” Eastern Economic Journal 43: 180-2. Emory Libraries.

DAVE 17

1AC

1AC – Prices

3. Avoidable hospitalizations and admin costs

Dhaval DAVE 17. Stanton Research Professor of Economics at Bentley University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. “Health Care: Multi-Payer or Single-Payer?” Eastern Economic Journal 43: 180-2. Emory Libraries.

DAVE 17

1AC

1AC – Prices

3. Avoidable hospitalizations and admin costs

Dhaval DAVE 17. Stanton Research Professor of Economics at Bentley University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. “Health Care: Multi-Payer or Single-Payer?” Eastern Economic Journal 43: 180-2. Emory Libraries.

DAVE 17

1AC—Politicization

AND, causes serial mismanagement of strategic surprises—turns all impacts

Peter Gill & Mark Phythian 18, Peter Gill is an Honorary Fellow at the University of Liverpool and was previously Research Professor in Intelligence Studies at the University of Salford; Mark Phythian is Professor of Politics in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Leicester, “Intelligence in an Insecure World,” Third edition, Polity Press, 2018, pp 245-327

Gill & Phythian 18

1AC—Politicization

AND, causes serial mismanagement of strategic surprises—turns all impacts

Peter Gill & Mark Phythian 18, Peter Gill is an Honorary Fellow at the University of Liverpool and was previously Research Professor in Intelligence Studies at the University of Salford; Mark Phythian is Professor of Politics in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Leicester, “Intelligence in an Insecure World,” Third edition, Polity Press, 2018, pp 245-327

Gill & Phythian 18

1NR

Case

Realism

The LIO is grounded in democratic norms averts a laundry list of existential catastrophes.

Brooks ’14 [Rosa; November 14; Professor of Law at Georgetown University, Senior Fellow with the New America and Arizona State University Future of War Project, former Senior Advisor at the U.S. State Department; Foreign Policy, “Embrace the Chaos,” https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/11/14/embrace-the-chaos/; RP]

Brooks ’14

Off

20 million are on the brink now but USAID is solving - we also access a timeframe impact that is orders of magnitude larger than theirs.

Werft 17 Meghan Werft, Global Citizen, "This Is How Many People US Foreign Aid Helps Around the World", July 25 2017, https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/people-helped-by-us-foreign-aid/

Werft 17

3

20 million are on the brink now but USAID is solving - we also access a timeframe impact that is orders of magnitude larger than theirs.

Werft 17 Meghan Werft, Global Citizen, "This Is How Many People US Foreign Aid Helps Around the World", July 25 2017, https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/people-helped-by-us-foreign-aid/

Werft 17

2

20 million are on the brink now but USAID is solving - we also access a timeframe impact that is orders of magnitude larger than theirs.

Werft 17 Meghan Werft, Global Citizen, "This Is How Many People US Foreign Aid Helps Around the World", July 25 2017, https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/people-helped-by-us-foreign-aid/

Werft 17

1NC

K

Neoliberalism utilized production to harm queer bodies, only the alt can solve attacks on queer life.

McRuer 18 — Robert McRuer, Professor of English at George Washington University, 2018 (Crip Times: Disability, Globalization, and Resistance, Published by New York University Press, pgs. 75-9)

McRuer 18

AT: Space Wars

1NC—Investor Confidence

No collisions

Park 18 Ye Joo Park, citing NASA studies on orbital debris, How Dangerous is Space Debris?, Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies, RAIS Conference Proceedings, November 19-20, 2018, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1572516, https://ssrn.com/abstract=3303541

Park 18

Off

You should adopt an ethic of incommensurability—a refusal of ANY combination of the settler mentality with decolonization—any rescue of settler futurity comes at the expense of indigenous ways of life

Tuck and Yang 12 (Eve and K. Wayne, Prof @ SUNY—New Paltz and Prof @ UC—San Diego, Decolonization is Not a Metaphor, Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 1(1), 2012, p. 1-40)//LA ***We don’t endorse ableist language.

Tuck and Yang 12 language.

1

Off

You should adopt an ethic of incommensurability—a refusal of ANY combination of the settler mentality with decolonization—any rescue of settler futurity comes at the expense of indigenous ways of life

Tuck and Yang 12 (Eve and K. Wayne, Prof @ SUNY—New Paltz and Prof @ UC—San Diego, Decolonization is Not a Metaphor, Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 1(1), 2012, p. 1-40)//LA ***We don’t endorse ableist language.

Tuck and Yang 12 language.

Science Diplomacy

Status quo Solves

ISS specific

US-Cuba engage in Science Diplomacy in the squo

Haven 13 (Paul, Writer for associated press, 4/10, “Under the radar, Cuba and US often work together”, Date accessed: 7/12/13, http://bigstory.ap.org/article/under-radar-cuba-and-us-often-work-together, LE)

Haven 13

Contention 1: subjugation

framing

1. No such legal system exists for determining property rights to outer space; therefore private appropriation would not be abiding by the law and thus it would be uniquely anti-ethical and impeding on the freedom already decided upon.

Tronchetti 7 Fabio Tronchetti (International Institute of Air and Space Law, Leiden University, The Netherlands). “The Non-Appropriation Principle Under Attack: Using Article II of The Outer Space Treaty In Its Defence.” 50 PROC. L. OUTER SPACE 526, 530 (2007). JDN. https://iislweb.org/docs/Diederiks2007.pdf

Tronchetti 7

Oil Production Capacity Advantage

Oil production and capacity impacts

Extension Canada Add-on –financial instability

European financial institutions dropping their investments in Canada’s tar sands – financial risk and polluting forms of energy

Grandia, President of Spake Media House, 2013, Kevin, “Investors Give Canada's Tar Sands the Heave-Ho”, Huffington Post, July 7th 2013, http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/kevin-grandia/investors-canada-tar-sands_b_3552433.html, 7/8/13, JG

Grandia 2013 , 7/8/13, JG

1nc

1nc

“USFG should” means that debate is solely about government policy

Ericson 3 (Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)

Ericson 3

AFFIRMATIVE

AFF MULTI-PURPOSE

No link – complimentary jobs

Immigrants and natives don’t substitute or compete with each other

Nowrasteh et al 17- [Alex Nowrasteh, Immigration Policy Analyst at the Cato Institute’s Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity, Giovanni Peri, Professor of Economics and Chair of the Economics Department at the University of California, Davis, Ethan Lewis, Associate Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College, Alan de Brauw, Senior Research Fellow in the Markets, Trade, and Institutions Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute, Gary D. Painter, Professor and Director of the University of Southern California’s Sol Price Center for Social Innovation, Jacob L. Vigdor, Daniel J. Evans Professor of Public Policy and Governance at the University of Washington and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, Susan M. Wachter, Sussman Professor of Real Estate and Professor of Real Estate and Finance at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania Magnus Lofstrom, Benjamin Powell, Director of the Free Market Institute and Professor of Economics in the Jerry S. Rawls College of Business Administration at Texas Tech University, Ryan H. Murphy, Research Assistant Professor at the O’Neil Center for Global Markets and Freedom, Southern Methodist University, Douglas S. Massey, Henry G. Bryant Professor of Sociology and Public Affairs at Princeton University, Bryan W. Roberts, Research Economist formerly employed by the Department of Homeland Security, editorial board of over a dozen editors, "The Economics of Immigration," vol. 37, no. 3, The Cato Institute, Fall 2017]//ad

Nowrasteh et al 17-

DoD TRADEOFF DA

LINK

Link---General---Bolt-of-Blue

Unforeseen changes trigger inefficient raids on military resources

Kelly 10, principal mathematician at the RAND Corporation (Terrence, et al, “Security Cooperation Organizations in the Country Team: Options for Success,” RAND, https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA517323.pdf)//BB

Kelly 10 https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA517323.pdf)//BB

Round 1 Disclosure

1NC

Cut and Run CP

Only way the conflict escalates is if the US gets drawn in. Absent intervention, fighting will be confined to the Peninsula.

Doug Bandow 17 --- Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute. [Published: 4-2-2017. "It’s Time for America to Cut South Korea Loose." Foreign Policy. Accessible: https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/04/13/its-time-for-america-to-cut-south-korea-loose-north-trump-nuclear-weapons/]

Bandow 17

Block

Trade DA

Oil Vol: No Impact 1NC

Their ev ignores the distinction between covert and overt protectionist measures—it’s a unique link

Economist 13-- The Economist, The hidden persuaders (The Economist Oct. 12, 2013), http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21587381-protectionism-can-take-many-forms-not-all-them-obvious-hidden-persuaders.

Economist 13

Trade DA

1NR

Their ev ignores the distinction between covert and overt protectionist measures—it’s a unique link

Economist 13-- The Economist, The hidden persuaders (The Economist Oct. 12, 2013), http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21587381-protectionism-can-take-many-forms-not-all-them-obvious-hidden-persuaders.

Economist 13

2nc

Trade

War turns

Their ev ignores the distinction between covert and overt protectionist measures—it’s a unique link

Economist 13-- The Economist, The hidden persuaders (The Economist Oct. 12, 2013), http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21587381-protectionism-can-take-many-forms-not-all-them-obvious-hidden-persuaders.

Economist 13

2AC

1AC

2AC Warming

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

2AC

1AC

TPA DA

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

Cal EM Neg v. Minnesota CE – Fullerton R4

1NC

Warming Adv

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

Cal EM Neg v. Binghamton FC – USC R5

1NC

Warming

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

USC R1 – Cal EM Neg v. ASU SW

1NC

Warming Adv

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

2AC

1AC

Warming Impact

Current US emissions reductions solve warming through global agreements

Bledsoe, Senior Fellow Energy and Society at German Marshall Fund of the United States, ’14 (Paul, July 16, “Ambitious US emissions pledge can lead to global climate agreement” The Hill, http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/212316-ambitious-us-emissions-pledge-can-lead-to-global)

Bledsoe ’14

SetCol

1NC

The false distinction between good and bad settler policies is one to justify narratives of progressive settler societies. Settler colonial theory can also be used to expose the colonial attachments of seemingly inclusive policies.

Macoun and Strakoschb 13 (Alissa Macoun, Indigenous Studies Research Network, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia & Elizabeth Strakoschb, Institute for Culture and Society, University of Western Sydney, “The ethical demands of settler colonial theory”, Settler Colonial Studies, 3:3-4, 426-443, DOI: 10.1080/2201473X.2013.810695)

Macoun and Strakoschb 13

LNG Neg

Europe Neg

No Link – European Infrastructure

Europe doesn’t have the infrastructure – regas plants are being delayed all over Europe

Scheid 14

Scheid 14

Framework:

Impact Calc:

1] Freedom is a property, not a consequence. Adding two circles doesn’t make anything more circular than it was before, just like two humans aren’t more free than one human.

2AC

Case

A2 PGS

It is reverse causal – plan builds capacity and democratic political will

Scarry 14 [Elaine Scarry, professor at Harvard University and the author of numerous books Thermonuclear Monarchy, 2014 p. 32]

Scarry 14

1nc

3

Domestic instability escalates

Cole 14, Taipei-based journalist and contributor to The Diplomat who focuses on military issues in Northeast Asia and in the Taiwan Strait. He previously served as an intelligence officer at the Canadian Security Intelligence Service, 7/10/2014, Where Would Beijing Use External Distractions?, J Michael, http://thediplomat.com/2014/07/where-would-beijing-use-external-distractions/

Cole 14, Taipei-based journalist and contributor to The Diplomat who focuses on military issues in Northeast Asia and in the Taiwan Strait. He previously served as an intelligence officer at the Canadian Security Intelligence Service, 7/10/2014, Where Would Beijing Use External Distractions?, J Michael, http://thediplomat.com/2014/07/where-would-beijing-use-external-distractions/

block

stroids

2nc – link wall – NU

SLBMs won’t work –

1NC

Extinction comes first.

Pummer 15 Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. “Moral Agreement on Saving the World” Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015 AT, recut BWSEK

Pummer 15

Extinction comes first.

Pummer 15 Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. “Moral Agreement on Saving the World” Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015 AT, recut BWSEK

Pummer 15

I control the root cause to his impacts. The repressive nature of the police was developed as a method to maintain capitalist interest and prevent the collective organization of the working class

David Whitehouse, December 9th, 2014, [David Whitehouse, the former reviews editor of the ISR, is a regular contributor on Asia and Africa] “The role of police is protecting capitalism” <https://socialistworker.org/blog/critical-reading/2014/12/09/main-role-police-protecting-ca> M.H

Whitehouse 2014

1AC

1AC GSU

1AC Health Care

Extinction---invisible tipping points for full resistance mean an unpredictable existential crisis is looming-market failures

Silverman 16

Silverman 16

1AC GSU

1AC Health Care

Extinction---invisible tipping points for full resistance mean an unpredictable existential crisis is looming-market failures

Silverman 16

Silverman 16

1AC

1AC GSU

1AC Health Care

Extinction---invisible tipping points for full resistance mean an unpredictable existential crisis is looming-market failures

Silverman 16

Silverman 16

1AC

1AC GSU

1AC Health Care

Extinction---invisible tipping points for full resistance mean an unpredictable existential crisis is looming-market failures

Silverman 16

Silverman 16

1NR

1NR

A2: Link Turn (Shaheen)

16. Causes cross-party bickering---ensures republican lashout.

Talal 1AC Ansari 18. BuzzFeed News Reporter, citing State Department statements. 9-5-2018. "These Afghans Risk Their Lives Working For The US War Effort. Trump Is Making It Harder For Them To Come To America.." BuzzFeed News. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/talalansari/afghanistan-immigrant-war-visa-trump-siv

1AC Ansari 18

Neg

Links

Borders

Post 9/11 border surveillance measures are phantastic objects to ease the anxiety of the Real’s potential eruptions – alt is a prerequisite to the aff

Salter & Mutlu 11 (Mark B., Associate Professor at the School of Political Studies, University of Ottawa, Can E., doctoral candidate at the School of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa, “Psychoanalytic theory and border security,” European Journal of Social Theory 15(2), 2011, Pp. 189-193)

Salter & Mutlu 11 Journal of Social Theory 15(2), 2011, Pp. 189-193)

Neg

1NC Modules

Drones

Post 9/11 border surveillance measures are phantastic objects to ease the anxiety of the Real’s potential eruptions – alt is a prerequisite to the aff

Salter & Mutlu 11 (Mark B., Associate Professor at the School of Political Studies, University of Ottawa, Can E., doctoral candidate at the School of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa, “Psychoanalytic theory and border security,” European Journal of Social Theory 15(2), 2011, Pp. 189-193)

Salter & Mutlu 11 Journal of Social Theory 15(2), 2011, Pp. 189-193)

1NC

Privatization

DA - USMCA

Asteroid mining fails without a legal regime.

Davies, 2-6-2016 - Rob Davies, citing Michael Listner – Founder of the thinktank Space Law and Policy Solutions; "Asteroid mining could be space’s new frontier: the problem is doing it legally," Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/feb/06/asteroid-mining-space-minerals-legal-issues

Davies 16

DDI 2020 –Impact Defense

AT: Mexico/Failed State

1NC — No Mexico Failed State

No Mexico failed state

Morton, Political Economy PhD, 11—associate professor of political economy and fellow of the Centre for the Study of Social and Global Justice at the University of Nottingham (Adam David, “Failed-State Status and the War on Drugs in Mexico”, Winter/Spring 2011, Global Dialogue V. 13, No. 1; http://www.worlddialogue.org/content.php?id=502) Beddow

Morton, Political Economy PhD, 11

2NR

Stimulus DA

Okinawa ADV---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

Stimulus DA

AT: Movements---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

DA---Stimulus

Fails---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

DA---Stimulus

AT: Disease---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

Stimulus DA

No Solvency

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

Stimulus DA

AT: Disease---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

Stimulus DA

Cryptocurrencies---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

1NR

DA---Stimulus

AT: Warming---1NC

It’s key to international confidence in the US.

Trudy Rubin 1-24, Columnist and editorial-board member for The Philadelphia Inquirer, 1-24-2021, "Biden’s first big foreign policy test will be fixing the COVID-19 vaccine mess," Seattle Times, https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/bidens-first-big-foreign-policy-test-will-be-fixing-the-covid-19-vaccine-mess/

Rubin 1-24

Ex-Im DA Final – UTNIF

Impact

2NC Turns Manufacturing

Failure to reauthorize tanks manufacturing---internal-link turns the economy adv

NAM 14 [National Assn of Manufacturers, “The Export-Import Bank of the U.S.,” http://www.nam.org/Issues/Trade/Ex-Im-Bank.aspx | prs]

NAM 14

1.0

Adv (4)

The profit motive makes equitable distribution of healthcare impossible – successful single-payer disproves it

Faust 17

Faust 17

Adv (4)

The profit motive makes equitable distribution of healthcare impossible – successful single-payer disproves it

Faust 17

Faust 17

AC

1.0

Adv

The profit motive makes equitable distribution of healthcare impossible – successful single-payer disproves it

Faust 17

Faust 17

1NC

Case

2

only illegal strikes have the potential to be successful and change minds – the aff can’t solve for resisting oppression

Reddy 21-- Diana S. Reddy [Diana Reddy is a Doctoral Fellow at the Law, Economics, and Politics Center at UC Berkeley Law]; “There Is No Such Thing as an Illegal Strike”: Reconceptualizing the Strike in Law and Political Economy; Jan 6 2021; Yale Law Journal; https://www.yalelawjournal.org/forum/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-illegal-strike-reconceptualizing-the-strike-in-law-and-political-economy. (AG DebateDrills)

Reddy 21

AFF

Impact – Warming

Renewables solve

Global renewables are inevitable and will overtake fossil fuels

Boyd ’15 (David R. Boyd – Adjunct Professor in Resource and Environmental Management at Simon Fraser University, former Trudeau Scholar at the Instute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability at the University of British Columbia, co-chair of Vancouver’s Greenest City Action Team, “The Optimistic Environmentalist : Progressing Toward a Greener Future,” 2015, EbscoHost)

Boyd ’15

K

2AC – Liberalism Good

Ks of liberalism are tautological – they rely on liberal values like freedom of speech to continue protecting their right to criticize, which proves contingency

Kagan ’19 - Stephen & Barbara Friedman Senior Fellow with the Project on International Order and Strategy in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings Robert Kagan, “The Strongmen Strike Back,” originally published in the Washington Post, March 2019, https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/FP_20190318_strongmen_kagan.pdf

Kagan ’19

1NC v. NYU BZ

1

National health insurance has historically meant a universal, comprehensive, and federally-financed government program

Bodenheimer and Grumach 16 (Thomas and Kevin. Dr. Bodenheimer graduated from Harvard Medical School and spent time in Latin America as a member of the Peace Corps. He has written and co-authored several books on health policy, including Understanding Health Policy and Improving Primary Care. Kevin Grumbach, MD Associate Professor Department of Family & Community Medicine Institute for Health Policy Studies University of California, San Francisco “Understanding Health Policy” GMU Library) 7/27/17 RK

Bodenheimer and Grumach 16

1NR

Link

Baltics Key

Other allies beyond the Baltics will immediately question their own guarantees

Dr. Jonathan Cristol 17, Fellow at the World Policy Institute, Senior Fellow at the Center for Civic Engagement at Bard College, Ph.D. in International Relations from the University of Bristol, M.A. in International Relations from Yale University, “How Trump Could Destroy Global Order By Refusing To Defend The Baltics”, Mic, 2/13/2017, https://www.mic.com/articles/168433/how-trump-could-destroy-global-order-by-refusing-to-defend-the-baltics

Cristol 17

1NC

OFF

1NC

The 1AC decenters the U.S. role in IR by focusing on local politics---this collapses internationalism and undermines the ability to shape foreign policy by accurately understanding macro-institutions.

Daniel Bessner & Fredrik Logevall 20, Anne H.H. and Kenneth B. Pyle Associate Professor in American Foreign Policy in the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington, PhD from Duke University; Laurence D. Belfer Professor of International Affairs and Professor of History at Harvard University, PhD in History from Yale University, “Recentering the United States in the Historiography of American Foreign Relations,” Texas National Security Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, Spring 2020, https://tnsr.org/2020/04/recentering-the-united-states-in-the-historiography-of-american-foreign-relations/

Bessner & Logevall 20

case

nuclear deal adv

2nc uniqueness – yes deal / no gold standard now

Developing a nuclear agreement with Russia or China causes perception of nuclear weapons pursuit

Lippman 11 [Sr. Adjunct Scholar-Council on Foreign Relations, Aug 5, 2011, http://www.susris.com/2011/08/05/saudi-arabia’s-nuclear-policy-lippman]

Lippman 11