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126dd2ec340eaa1f4015736d23b59f90 | Can you inherit keratoconus? | Keratoconus is genetic, so it can run in families. If you have it and have children, it's a good idea to have their eyes checked for it starting at age 10. The condition progresses more rapidly in people with certain medical problems, including certain allergic conditions. It could be related to chronic eye rubbing. |
d5499432627c72237df467268dc23315 | When should you get a cornea transplant for keratoconus? | If eyeglasses and contact lenses no longer provide stable and comfortable good quality vision, a cornea transplant can be performed. This involves removing the center of the cornea and replacing it with a donor cornea that is stitched into place. |
a28c49b69a0078ce080ca56006d4b2e8 | Who is more likely to get keratoconus? | Keratoconus is genetic, so it can run in families. If you have it and have children, it's a good idea to have their eyes checked for it starting at age 10. The condition progresses more rapidly in people with certain medical problems, including certain allergic conditions. It could be related to chronic eye rubbing. |
a5ba642c7cb2905c7a21819cf8cc8d98 | How can you eat better if you have type 2 diabetes? | Aim for progress, not perfection. You don't have to give up your favorite foods completely. Just account for the calories and carbs. Set the setbacks aside. Tell yourself, â I can get back on track,â and the possibilities open back up. |
9d253e2869112895a8382b181c5f3dc3 | Why is cystoscopy performed? | A cystoscopy is a test to check the health of your urethra and bladder. |
8a96e612c6ca0cd5a009ea62f5a35211 | What do prostate ultrasounds and biopsies evaluate? | Prostate ultrasound and biopsy are tests that check the abnormal results of a digital rectal exam or an elevated prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) blood test. |
d2c60064d2f264f206b5163989465d4e | Will I need to stop taking certain medications before a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | Tell your doctor if you're taking clopidogrel ( Plavix), rivaroxaban ( Xarelto), warfarin ( Coumadin), or other blood thinners. You may need to stop taking them a week before the procedure. The doctor might prescribe another method to thin your blood. |
1838805de1266f82840cd53c18d545cc | What happens after receiving a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | The doctor will send the biopsy to a lab for analysis. They'll discuss the results with you when they're ready, which is usually within a week. Meanwhile: You can go back to your normal meals and activities. Do NOT take aspirin, products with aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil, Motrin, or Naprosyn, or indomethacin ( Indocin) for at least 3 days after the procedure. Drink six to eight glasses of water every day for 3 days after the test to help flush your urinary system. You may notice a small amount of blood in your urine, semen, or stool up to 7 days afterward. This is normal. If your rear end is sore, soak in a warm bath for 20 minutes. Take your antibiotics until all the pills are gone. If you miss a dose, take it when you remember and then go back to your regular schedule. |
a2a940cbe9ba729ccb2213bb4aafce67 | When should someone call the doctor after a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | Call the nearest emergency department if: You have a fever above 100.4 degrees F (38 C). |
b5723618e213ce47d5a64c0191b85470 | How does someone prepare for a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | Tell your doctor if you have a lung or heart condition or any other diseases, or if you're allergic to any medicines. Also let them know if you have an artificial heart valve or if you've ever been told you need to take antibiotics before a dental or surgical procedure. If you have any of these conditions, you'll get antibiotics to take before the biopsy. |
096962f653f0f8caef6922e18d893719 | Which medications should not be taken before a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | The week before, don't take aspirin, products with aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil, Motrin, or Naprosyn, or indomethacin ( Indocin). You'll get antibiotics to take the night before or morning of the test to prevent infection. Don't stop taking any medication without talking to your doctor first. |
9d5201fa2404793c10e7209fb7310f84 | What happens the day of a prostate cancer biopsy and ultrasound? | A doctor or nurse will explain the test in detail, including possible complications and side effects. You'll be able to ask questions. |
4fec236cf95da541f0d93742b2cf1d19 | Why does someone need an enema before getting a prostate biopsy and ultrasound? | Enemas: You'll get one enema before the procedure to empty your colon and minimize the risk of infection. The doctor may have you take the enema at home. Try to hold the enema solution for at least 5 minutes before you release it. |
cc7b0c6fc5fd96d40b784bdb2101f042 | What is the role of physical therapy in treating tennis elbow? | One of the best ways to treat stubborn tennis elbow is with physical therapy. It can improve blood flow to the tendons, which will speed healing, too. A therapist may also teach you ways to change your tennis stroke or other activities that caused your elbow troubles. Keep the momentum going even if your therapy program is finished. Once your elbow is pain-free and your backhand is better than ever, you should keep your muscles strong and flexible. That's because everyday activities don't keep your muscles as strong and flexible as they should be to avoid sports injuries. Ask about how to do some of the exercises yourself at home. |
10c37b10755edc9fb432b37c379001dd | How much alcohol is too much to keep my kidneys healthy? | If so, have no more than one drink a day for women or two a day for men. A drink is 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of distilled spirits such as gin, rum, tequila, vodka, and whiskey. |
a4db5a61fdbf8c3cbe9d8fbe7f00dc9c | How can proper diet help your kidneys? | You already know that exercise and eating right help your heart and weight. They also help your blood pressure and your blood sugar levels. And that's good for your kidneys. |
3a3a91dd5a11eae2aa0c941bf3f35d11 | How is blood pressure tied to kidney health? | Watch your blood pressure. If it's too high, that can put stress on your kidneys. If you're not sure what your blood pressure is, your doctor can check it. You could have high blood pressure and not know it, since it doesn't have any symptoms. High blood pressure is one of the top causes of kidney problems. |
ecafbbaf888b07a9fe6949af6407a540 | What happens during a chest X-ray? | Your doctor uses a chest X-ray to: Look at your chest bones, heart, and lungs See if your pacemaker, defibrillator, or other heart devices are in place To check on any catheters and chest tubes you may have You don't need to do anything to get ready for it. But you do need to let the technician know if you could be pregnant. Your X-ray will take no more than 10 to 15 minutes. You'll have to remove all of your clothes and jewelry from the waist up, and wear a hospital gown. And you have to stand very still while you hold your breath. The process is painless and simple. |
ff330c5411ddc9d8a1df263089b0338e | Why do doctors use a chest X-ray for heart disease? | Your doctor uses a chest X-ray to: Look at your chest bones, heart, and lungs See if your pacemaker, defibrillator, or other heart devices are in place To check on any catheters and chest tubes you may have You don't need to do anything to get ready for it. |
e5128ea65ce856e4b88b3fc6bb5ec66a | How do time outs work as a discipline technique? | This discipline technique works best if the privilege is: Related in some way to the behavior Something the child values Taken away as soon as possible after the inappropriate behavior (especially for young children) Time outs: Time outs work if you know exactly what the child did wrong or if you need a break from the child's behavior. Be sure you have a time-out location established ahead of time. It should be a quiet, boring place -- probably not the bedroom (where the child can play) or a dangerous place like a bathroom. This discipline technique can work with children when the child is old enough to understand the purpose of a time out -- usually around age 2 and older, with about a minute of time out for each year of age. Time outs often work best with younger kids for whom the separation from the parent is truly seen as a deprivation. |
ad26074813bd078f4059140451d3b52f | How do natural consequences work as a discipline technique? | Natural consequences: Your child does something wrong, and you let the child experience the result of that behavior. There's no need for you to "lecture." The child can't blame you for what happened. For example, if a child deliberately breaks a toy, he or she no longer has that toy to play with. Natural consequences can work well when children don't seem to "hear" your warnings about the potential outcome of their behavior. |
77be236c1d18ad60274a9144539b5615 | How does taking away privileges work as a discipline technique? | Taking away privileges: Sometimes there isn't a logical or natural consequence for a bad behavior -- or you don't have time to think it through. In this case, the consequence for unacceptable behavior may be taking away a privilege. For example, if a middle schooler doesn't complete her homework on time, you may choose to take away television privileges for the evening. This discipline technique works best if the privilege is: Related in some way to the behavior Something the child values Taken away as soon as possible after the inappropriate behavior (especially for young children) Time outs: Time outs work if you know exactly what the child did wrong or if you need a break from the child's behavior. |
139a85d14f6ec5df413f0d2b237409e1 | How do logical consequences work as a discipline technique? | Logical consequences: This technique is similar to natural consequences but involves describing to your child what the consequences will be for unacceptable behavior. The consequence is directly linked to the behavior. For example, you tell your child that if he doesn't pick up his toys, then those toys will be removed for a week. |
cde6c4aefbf31a59e2b82f53d4bf4e40 | What if you make a mistake when you discipline your child? | Even if you have the best discipline techniques and parenting style, there are some days when nothing seems to work. Or perhaps you've had a bad day, too. Developing skills for positive discipline takes a lot of practice and a lot of time. If you feel you have made a mistake, be honest. Apologize to your child and explain how you plan to change your response the next time. |
9ba7adef4080ae371c979ab38316f7e9 | When should you get professional help for a child's discipline problems? | It may be time to seek help from a mental health professional when you see: Ongoing disrespect for all authorities: parents, teachers, and other adults Aggressive or destructive behavior Signs of depression, such as feeling blue for a long time, having no friends, or threatening suicide Your child or other members of the family use drugs or alcohol to deal with stress or other problems in their lives Several relationships within the family are difficult |
d7fc8ec79527123eb04cfd00d381e386 | Who can get canker sores? | Canker sores appear most commonly in adolescents and young adults, often occurring during times of stress. They are also more likely to appear around a women's menstrual period, and there is a greater likelihood of having canker sores if a parent also has them. |
f81d252a891cfb7d55d1f27e08b26c96 | Which fresh produce are good sources of omega-3 fatty acids? | When shopping, look for omega-3s in: Bread Cereal Flaxseed Flour Pasta Peanut butter Oatmeal Pumpkin seeds Pizza, packaged Flour tortillas Walnuts Vegetables, especially green leafy ones, are good sources of ALA, one form of omega-3 fatty acids. Although ALA isn't as powerful as the other omega-3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA, these vegetables also have fiber and other nutrients, as well as omega-3s. Brussels sprouts Kale Spinach Broccoli Cauliflower Oils can be a good source of ALA omega-3s, too, including: Canola oil Cod liver oil Flaxseed oil Mustard oil Soybean oil Walnut oil Research suggests that the omega-3 fatty acid DHA may help babies' brains develop, which is why you may find them in: Baby cereals Infant formula Jars of baby food You can also find omega-3s in some: Supplements Children and adult vitamins Meal replacement bars Protein powders Weight loss shakes As with most nutrients, whole foods trump any enriched, fortified, or processed foods. |
9cf03b8c24fa636a1bafe1e8f00052ac | Which grains and nuts are good sources of omega-3 fatty acids? | Look for seafood rich in omega-3s, such as: Anchovies Halibut Herring Mackerel Oysters Salmon Sardines Trout Tuna (freshor light, canned in water) You'll likely find the following foods fortified with omega-3 fatty acids: Eggs Margarine Milk Juice Soy milk Yogurt Bread and pasta are some of the foodsthat may have omega-3s added to them. These fats are also naturally found in whole foods like seeds and nuts. When shopping, look for omega-3s in: Bread Cereal Flaxseed Flour Pasta Peanut butter Oatmeal Pumpkin seeds Pizza, packaged Flour tortillas Walnuts Vegetables, especially green leafy ones, are good sources of ALA, one form of omega-3 fatty acids. |
e3a7209b10290b35d089af3f3d23adcf | Which foods are usually fortified with omega-3 fatty acids? | Look for seafood rich in omega-3s, such as: Anchovies Halibut Herring Mackerel Oysters Salmon Sardines Trout Tuna (freshor light, canned in water) You'll likely find the following foods fortified with omega-3 fatty acids: Eggs Margarine Milk Juice Soy milk Yogurt Bread and pasta are some of the foodsthat may have omega-3s added to them. |
ec06b7cc536b8ab4ace3081e045b831d | Which oils are good sources of ALA omega-3 fatty acids? | Brussels sprouts Kale Spinach Broccoli Cauliflower Oils can be a good source of ALA omega-3s, too, including: Canola oil Cod liver oil Flaxseed oil Mustard oil Soybean oil Walnut oil Research suggests that the omega-3 fatty acid DHA may help babies' brains develop, which is why you may find them in: Baby cereals Infant formula Jars of baby food You can also find omega-3s in some: Supplements Children and adult vitamins Meal replacement bars Protein powders Weight loss shakes As with most nutrients, whole foods trump any enriched, fortified, or processed foods. |
a2c2fe43cf5804637e1c8e9cfdd4b94d | How do I get the blisters from dyshidrotic eczema to go away? | But you can manage them with medicine, moisturizers, and good hygiene. They might start to taper off once you get into middle age. And if you have a mild case, it could eventually go away on its own. |
4c0daab8fc2e2641fbd5c0fbdb72cf67 | What should I do about dyshidrotic eczema if I am sensitive to nickel or cobalt? | If you're sensitive to nickel or cobalt, your dermatologist might tell you not to eat foods that are high in these metals. Nickel is in foods like chocolate, broccoli, legumes, and nuts. Cobalt is in shellfish, liver, nuts, beets, cabbage, and chocolate. |
511ba0e66d109dda5d6e5c2677e6c20a | How can I control blisters from dyshidrotic eczema at home? | Use lukewarm water and a mild, scent-free soap. Afterward, gently pat your skin dry. Take your rings off before you wash your hands. Moisture can get trapped under your rings and cause more blisters. Wear gloves with cotton liners whenever your hands are in water, like when you wash dishes. Put a thick moisturizer on your hands and feet every time you shower or wash. Rub it on while your skin is still wet to seal in water. You also might use a cream that has dimethicone to protect your skin. Turn on a humidifier in dry weather to keep your skin from cracking. If allergies set off your eczema, try to stay away from things that trigger them. Don't scratch the blisters -- you'll make them worse. |
877b5e1feebb2f01109b453af2dd44e6 | What should I do if I notice blisters on my hands? | If you notice blisters on your hands and feet, see a dermatologist (a doctor who specializes in your skin). He'll look at your hands and feet, as well as your nails. You also might need to see an allergy doctor (allergist). Patch tests can show if you have an allergy to nickel or another metal. During these tests, your doctor will put patches with a small amount of different metals or other things on your skin to see if you react to them. |
4210be5171e88720e9c4592972bfa16a | What treatment is available for dyshidrotic eczema? | If you have a severe flare-up, you might need to take a steroid drug, like prednisone, in a pill. An antihistamine like diphenhydramine ( Benadryl) or loratadine ( Alavert, Claritin) can help with the itch, too. Or you might hold a cold, wet compress on the blisters for 15 minutes at a time several times a day. If these treatments don't work well for you, you might try one of these: Light therapy: This uses ultraviolet ( UV) light to clear up your skin. You might get a medicine first to help your skin respond better to the light. Botulinum toxin: These shots stop your hands and feet from sweating, which can trigger the blisters. Medicines that slow down your immune system: Tacrolimus ( Protopic) ointment or pimecrolimus ( Elidel) cream can calm the swelling and irritation. These drugs can be options if you don't want to take steroids. Draining the blisters: Your dermatologist can drain fluid from the blisters. Don't try to do this yourself. You could make the eczema worse. |
dbb84e3f6b7dfae6fd4f71b367d98311 | How is a sinus infection diagnosed? | Your doctor will give you a physical exam and take your medical history. You might get a CT scan of your sinuses. |
a457c038b8c0fac5783dc854f308f92f | What causes sinus infections? | Any condition that blocks off the drainage channels of your sinuses can cause a sinus infection, such as: Colds Allergies such as hay fever Non-allergic rhinitis (symptoms that are like an allergy but don't have a known cause) Nasal polyps (small growths in the lining of your nose) A sinus infection may start after a cold. |
e6b00e40634d40c40ff297681ad92dbc | What are the symptoms of a sinus infection? | They may include things like: Thick, yellow, foul-smelling discharge from your nose Pressure or pain around your face and eyes Headache (generally in the forehead area) Blockage in your nose Congestion Post-nasal drip A cold that won't go away or gets worse Fever or cough These symptoms can also happen with a cold. But if they continue for more than 10 days, you may have a sinus infection. |
aaf9def32c0c2482e9fbf2ff774e627f | When should I call my doctor about a cold or sinus infection? | Most colds go away without medical treatment. If you have pain around your face or eyes, along with thick yellow or green nasal discharge for more than a week, check with your doctor. Also call him if you have fever or symptoms that are severe or don't get better with over-the-counter treatments. |
877e540822c92b5030c2e081d6a62ba9 | Can medicine help symptoms of the common cold? | Some medications can ease symptoms. For example, decongestants may decrease drainage and open the nasal passages. Pain relievers may help with fever and headache. Cough medicine may help, as well. |
e456a462cbc21f24de427ab724c5d9e7 | How can styling yourself help with psoriasis? | And there are steps you can take to mask problem areas. |
4ff229e45b3b2fbab836c7a1ce0aa5ac | Which makeup can you use if you have psoriasis? | There are makeups made to hide skin issues like psoriasis. Talk to your doctor about a good product for you. You'll want to consider thickness. You'll need a thicker makeup for larger patches that are harder to hide. Look for a color that closely matches the skin tone of the skin surrounding your psoriasis. Gently blend a small amount of the makeup over the area you want to cover. Follow with a dusting of loose powder to make it last longer. You can even use hairspray to help make it set. |
f2018d47d39a0b8ef7902e179724d38e | How should you remove your makeup if you have psoriasis? | You don't want to irritate your sensitive skin. You'll need a gentle makeup remover. Something with a petroleum base works well. And make sure to moisturize when you're done. |
dfcc79324335c66fea4ce478eb9bd094 | How can priming help with psoriasis? | These products help prepare your face for the makeup to follow. They don't sink into your skin but stay on top of it, creating an extra layer. That gives you a smooth surface for your makeup. Don't put on too much primer. You just want a light layer. Wait again. Let the primer set on your skin. It should only take a few minutes. |
352d5bff34cade635eb34d50268dfc24 | What do I need to do if my dog has a high fever temperature greater than 103 F? | If your dog has a temperature greater than 103 F, you should call your veterinarian. Fevers above 106 F are emergencies that must be treated promptly. |
4805c5ae16b15d2a570aa64dc86a57dd | What do I need to do if my dog has a high fever temperature above 105 F? | If your dog has a temperature above 105 F, you can help bring his body temperature down by applying cool water to his fur, especially around the ears and feet. Using a fan on the damp fur will help lower the temperature. Be sure to monitor your dog’s rectal temperature as you do this, and stop the cooling procedure once it reaches 103 F. You don’t want to bring down the temperature too fast. If your dog has a fever, try to see that he drinks small amounts of water on a regular basis to stay hydrated, but don’t force it. And never give your dog any human medicines intended to lower fever, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, as they can be poisonous to dogs and cause severe injury or death. |
ba3536378e1f63a13cc49bd59b7e721e | How is diabetes related to kidney failure? | Diabetes is the No. 1 cause of kidney failure (and the leading cause of microalbumin in the urine) in the United States. When you have diabetes, the level of sugar (or âglucoseâ) in your blood is too high. Over time, that extra sugar damages the small blood vessels in your kidneys. It becomes harder for them to clean your blood. Diabetes can also harm your nerves, which may lead to kidney injury. |
40607744a1ea95097792beecc0a407ca | What can affect the results of my albumin test? | Random Test Normal: less than 30 micrograms (mcg) per milligram (mg) of creatinine Microalbuminuria: 300 mcg per mg of creatinine Clinical albuminuria: More than 300 mcg/mg creatinine Timed Test Normal: Less than 20 mcg/minute Microalbuminuria: 20-200 mcg/minute Clinical albuminuria: More than 200 mcg/minute 24- Hour Test Normal: Less than 30 mg Microalbuminuria: 30-300 mg Clinical albuminuria: More than 300 mg If there is albumin in your pee, the amount likely varies during the day. That makes it a little harder to get an accurate measure. Plus, any of these could give you a result that's higher than normal: Blood in your urine Fever Lots of exercise right before the test Other kidney diseases Some medicines Urinary tract infection If your results show a high level, your doctor will probably want to repeat the test. |
6adc42feb981de3d9c617733f68b0492 | How does diabetes and kidney disease relate? | Diabetes is the No. 1 cause of kidney failure (and the leading cause of microalbumin in the urine) in the United States. When you have diabetes, the level of sugar (or âglucoseâ) in your blood is too high. Over time, that extra sugar damages the small blood vessels in your kidneys. It becomes harder for them to clean your blood. Diabetes can also harm your nerves, which may lead to kidney injury. |
69bfdbefb0d5b1dc7b6787df99a859d0 | Why are microalbumin urine tests important for people with diabetes or high blood pressure? | When you find out about a health issue early on, you can often take steps to protect yourself and keep your body strong. If you have diabetes or high blood pressure, one of the things to look out for is kidney disease. A microalbumin urine test helps because it can find kidney problems before they get too far. |
d5399ddc9c6766e7bf05bf2ed4059348 | When should I get tested for kidney disease? | Your doctor will suggest one when you have: Type 1 diabetes. You'll get the test once a year starting 5 years from when you got the condition. Type 2 diabetes. You'll get the test once a year starting as soon as you find out you have it. High blood pressure Your doctor will talk to you about how often to get tested. You may also need to get tested if you: Are 65 or older with risk factors for heart or kidney disease Belong to an ethnic group more likely to get kidney disease, including African Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and American Indians Have any family members who have or had kidney disease In these cases, talk to your doctor about when to start testing and how often you'll need it. |
9f9d5360f6e8f37a492df4cf34ea55ab | What is a random albumin test? | They'll send you to a restroom and give you directions to pee into a cup. Your doctor will most likely ask the lab to check for creatinine as well as albumin. Creatinine is a normal waste product in your urine. When you measure both numbers, you get a clearer picture of what's happening. |
9682f5746194e73ea4e4770fed1f08d5 | When should I start testing for kidney disease? | You may also need to get tested if you: Are 65 or older with risk factors for heart or kidney disease Belong to an ethnic group more likely to get kidney disease, including African Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and American Indians Have any family members who have or had kidney disease In these cases, talk to your doctor about when to start testing and how often you'll need it. |
e69bdbf30450ce0823fbc41d86b6e0ad | What has been found about cinnamon and diabetes? | Several small studies have linked cinnamon to better blood sugar levels. Some of this work shows it may curb blood sugar by lowering insulin resistance. In one study, volunteers ate from 1 to 6 grams of cinnamon for 40 days. ( One gram of ground cinnamon is about half a teaspoon.) The researchers found that cinnamon cut cholesterol by about 18% and blood sugar levels by 24%. But in other studies, the spice did not lower blood sugar or cholesterol levels. |
c2fd894fef85e3b6a77976c467103e25 | What supplements lower blood sugar levels? | Use caution if you also take other supplements that lower blood sugar levels, including: Alpha lipoic acid Bitter melon Chromium Devil's claw Fenugreek Garlic Horse chestnut Panax Siberian ginseng Psyllium The same holds true with diabetes medications. |
580a14fa27760440fa9ffb8827394911 | Does cinnamon help diabetes? | Research findings have been mixed, and the American Diabetes Association dismisses cinnamon's use in diabetes treatment. |
1d8025226e42470db2df57e40c94c5e1 | What is thyroid cancer? | The job of your thyroid gland is to make hormones that help your body use energy, stay warm, and control your blood pressure and heart rate. Cancer happens when healthy cells in the gland change and grow out of control. |
fc38a17023df97331a304c5ab4ac9731 | How does age and gender affect risk of thyroid disease? | Women are three times more likely to get thyroid cancer than men. You can get it at any age. But women are often diagnosed in their 40s and 50s. Men tend to be older -- in their 60s and 70s -- when they find out they have it. And in men, thyroid cancer grows and spreads more quickly. |
12a3a0c82b79fa416fa3154ace737ce7 | Why is thyroid cancer so common? | On the list of most common cancers in the United States, thyroid cancer ranks fifth, and no other cancer is being diagnosed at a faster rate. One reason for this may be better tests. They allow doctors to find thyroid tumors that were too small to see in the past. |
c7275adc3a4e23f1f5da62cba0804bd3 | How can you manage heavy sweating by packing a bag? | Pack a bag: Sometimes you might need to change your socks or your shirt after a sweating bout. You also might want to put antiperspirant on again. It can be a good idea to keep an emergency kit with a change of clothes and toiletries nearby. |
cc176b2d4c951fbed5e5157415046da1 | Can you take too much vitamin C? | Some studies have found that doses above 400 milligrams are not utilized by the body. Instead, the extra vitamin C is excreted in urine. The tolerable upper intake levels of a supplement are the highest amount that most people can take safely. Higher doses might be used to treat vitamin C deficiencies. But don't take more unless a doctor says so. |
ed8790fd12acfbde38919ae2cc25c539 | Are there ways to manage the symptoms of Felty's syndrome? | If your RA is under control, you may not need treatment for FS. If you do need help with your symptoms, there are ways to manage them: Drugs that slow down the disease: low-dose methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Otrexup, Trexall) is often used to stop your FS from getting worse. |
e7bb27b083c1f6273d8f285a31d57c60 | What causes Felty's syndrome? | Doctors aren't sure what causes FS. Your white blood cells may have stopped fighting infections like they should. Or your bone marrow could be making abnormal white blood cells. Another theory is that your immune system attacks your white blood cells by mistake. FS doesn't always run in families, but some genes that raise your chances of getting it could be passed down to you. |
092da2c2652354230e41a39436ddb24c | Is surgery used to treat Felty's syndrome? | Surgery: If your FS is severe and other treatments don't work, your doctor may recommend that your spleen be taken out. This could return your red and white blood cells to normal levels and may lower your risk of infection for an indefinite amount of time. |
3cd4817a489e03b76d1ad6dd5baee934 | Are there typical signs of Felty's syndrome? | Signs of FS are similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis. They also overlap other autoimmune diseases -- a disease in which your immune system attacks your own healthy cells -- like lupus. Because of that, FS can be hard to diagnose. |
3688f6df0910326cfbdbd9bd45277382 | Are blood tests used to diagnose Felty's syndrome? | Your doctor will also have you take a blood test. People with FS have very low levels of special white blood cells called neutrophils. These are important for fighting off bacterial infections. |
1088463299c2cb5c7e16ab7e75941d30 | How risky is radon for causing lung cancer? | To put the risks of radon in perspective, about 21,000 people die each year from lung cancer related to radon. It's a serious home hazard, since it kills more people than falls in the home, drownings, and house fires. And keep in mind that smoking and radon are a bad combination. If you smoke and live in a home with high radon levels, your risk of getting lung cancer is especially high. |
bf28e41a9c0180a896c0e9c138cd4d59 | What is auditory processing disorder (APD)? | Someone says, " Please raise your hand," and you hear something like " Please haze your plan." You tell your child, " Look at the cows over there," and he may hear, " Look at the clown on the chair." APD, also known as central auditory processing disorder, isn't hearing loss or a learning disorder. It means your brain doesn't "hear" sounds in the usual way. It's not a problem with understanding meaning. |
a3627761fa305d8394d7f601173efa86 | When should children get tested for auditory processing disorder (APD)? | Children usually aren't tested for APD until age 7 because their responses to the listening test may not be accurate when they're younger. |
aa453048de7f21b1671160e73340729b | What are the symptoms of auditory processing disorder (APD)? | APD can affect the way your child speaks as well as his ability to read, write, and spell. He may drop the ends of words or mix up similar sounds. It also can be hard for him to talk with other people. He may not be able to process what others are saying and come up with a response quickly. |
9515692eca4f4b7ea54c120138966368 | Who can get auditory processing disorder (APD)? | People of all ages can have APD. It often starts in childhood, but some people develop it later. Between 2% and 7% of kids have it, and boys are more likely to have it than girls. The disorder can lead to learning delays, so kids who have it may need a little extra help in school. |
8c2e5d588a5135ec5f1b444a5b3c5e0d | How is auditory processing disorder (APD) diagnosed? | Your doctor can use a hearing test to see if your child's issues are caused by hearing loss, but only a hearing specialist, called an audiologist, can diagnose APD. The audiologist will do a series of advanced listening tests in which your child will listen to different sounds and respond when she hears them. For instance, she might repeat them or push a button. The doctor also may attach painless electrodes to your child's ears and head to measure how her brain reacts to sound. |
99c46f32d929393c58105ffacc9eb127 | How can auditory processing disorder (APD) affect your child? | Your child also may find it hard to: Follow conversations Know where a sound came from Listen to music Remember spoken instructions, particularly if there are multiple steps Understand what people say, especially in a loud place or if more than one person is talking Doctors don't know exactly what causes APD, but it may be linked to: Illness. |
e7ad4b2ca954224e3e83ba263d1075ed | What can auditory processing disorder (APD) be linked to? | APD may be linked to other things that cause similar symptoms. In fact, it may be part of the reason some people have dyslexia. And some experts think children are sometimes diagnosed with ADHD when they actually have APD. |
e12d2e390199014015ad6cbcb4f45b71 | What is the treatment for auditory processing disorder (APD)? | There's no cure for APD, and the treatment is specific to each person. But it usually focuses on the following areas: Classroom support: Electronic devices, like an FM (frequency modulation) system, can help your child hear the teacher more clearly. And his teachers can suggest ways to help him focus his attention, like sitting toward the front of the class and limiting background noise. Making other skills stronger: Things like memory, problem solving, and other learning skills can help your child deal with APD. Therapy: Speech therapy can help your child recognize sounds and improve conversational skills. And reading support that focuses on specific areas where your child has trouble can be helpful as well. You can make a few changes at home, too. Cover hard floors with rugs to reduce echoes, and limit use of the TV, radio, and other noisy electronics. |
68477582c6b4c8d39f8ed0431c5ffbad | Where can I get help for clinical depression? | Once you decide to seek medical help, start with your primary care doctor. He or she can evaluate you to make sure that medicines or another illness are not the source of your symptoms. Your primary care doctor can also thoroughly assess your symptoms and provide treatment. If needed, he may refer you to a mental health care professional for care. |
affb48330a1826549978c0ec28978aff | How do physician assistants treat depression? | Physician Assistant: These medical health care givers are trained to identify symptoms of depression in patients and have some training in treating mental or psychiatric disorders under the supervision of a physician. |
0f735ccbaede78d45102d1d9e07be9e3 | Who treats clinical depression? | Health care providers in many different environments and specialties are trained to identify the presence of depression. The following are general health care providers who are qualified to treat depression: Physician: Primary care doctors (such as internists or family practice doctors) are primarily skilled in medical health care but also are trained to treat mental or psychiatric problems. |
5bd3fe4cc8d00db6df70a37728b164c3 | How do social workers help treat depression? | Social Worker: These are specialists who provide mental health services for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of depression and other mental or psychiatric illness in individuals, families, and groups. Their goal is to enhance and maintain a person's physical, psychological, and social functioning. |
2410726599ee7b13f2b856ad0232d614 | How do psychologists treat depression? | Psychologist: These are doctoral degree ( Ph D or Psy D) experts in psychology and are trained in counseling, psychotherapy, and psychological testing. Psychologists are not medical doctors and are not medically trained, and therefore are not licensed to prescribe medicines to treat mental illnesses except in a few states where legislation has permitted this. |
e60d3806df916b4aef66ad54182f2d51 | How do psychiatrists treat depression? | Psychiatrist: These are medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of mental or psychiatric illnesses. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe drugs as part of their treatment regimen and are also trained in psychotherapy, a form of "talking" therapy. |
9c6bd80ed9503b4095aae1340feba71d | How do physicians treat depression? | The following are general health care providers who are qualified to treat depression: Physician: Primary care doctors (such as internists or family practice doctors) are primarily skilled in medical health care but also are trained to treat mental or psychiatric problems. They can also screen you for depression. Physicians usually recommend specialized care for patients with more than mild symptoms of depression. |
2c1d9f60f9b2417598e797e4895ea7be | Will I get any other tests in addition to a prothrombin time test? | This could be from taking supplements or eating foods high in vitamin K. It depends on what your doctor is looking for. For example, if your doctor thinks you might have a liver problem, you'll likely get more tests to check how your liver's working. If your doctor thinks you have a bleeding disorder, you may get tests to check for those, such as: PTT test Platelet count Thrombin time test von Willebrand factor test (looks for a genetic disorder that causes nosebleeds and other bleeding problems) |
3a09b33fd672346ab7e331ddda7c5591 | What other disorders does a prothrombin time test check for? | Your doctor might also suggest you get this test to check for: Bone marrow problems Certain cancers, such as leukemia Immune system problems Lack of vitamin K, which is part of many clotting factors Liver problems (your liver makes the clotting factors) Normal blood clotting before you have surgery This test is a basic blood draw and takes just a few minutes. |
865ffae13cdd510ecb2688f2e67761d3 | What happens during a prothrombin time test? | Your doctor might also suggest you get this test to check for: Bone marrow problems Certain cancers, such as leukemia Immune system problems Lack of vitamin K, which is part of many clotting factors Liver problems (your liver makes the clotting factors) Normal blood clotting before you have surgery This test is a basic blood draw and takes just a few minutes. A lab tech will: Clean the skin where the needle goes in Wrap a rubber strap around your upper arm -- this creates pressure to make your veins swell with blood Insert a thin needle into a vein, usually on the inside of your arm at your elbow or in the back of your hand Draw the blood Remove the rubber strap and put a bandage on your arm or hand In some cases, your doctor may use a finger stick instead, which will give you results more quickly. |
6e1f72c4305c9edd83db43ba2c26fe87 | How does the doctor check for low blood pressure? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The doctor will look at your medical history, age, specific symptoms, and the conditions under which the symptoms occurred. He or she will do a physical exam and may repeatedly check your blood pressure and pulse rate -- after you've been lying down for a few minutes, right after you stand up, and within a few minutes after you stand quietly. |
a76f4f7534559d3193179ef917f4b4db | What tests are used to check for low blood pressure? | Other tests may be performed, such as an ECG (electrocardiogram) to measure heart rate and rhythm and an echocardiogram (an ultrasound test to visualize the heart). You may also have blood tests to look for anemia or problems with your blood sugar levels. More sophisticated home ECG monitoring (a Holter monitor or "event" monitor) may be necessary to check for heart problems that come and go or an irregular heart beat that can cause your blood pressure to drop suddenly. An exercise stress test or, less commonly, an electrophysiology test ( EP test) may also be helpful. |
ac36bbeb200f9ef323cb5fc8f9d2a0b8 | What are the treatments for low blood pressure? | Depending on the cause of your symptoms, your doctor may tell you to increase your blood pressure by making these simple changes: Eat a diet higher in salt. Drink lots of nonalcoholic fluids. Limit alcoholic beverages. Drink more fluids during hot weather and while sick with a viral illness, such as a cold or the flu. Have your doctor evaluate your prescription and over-the-counter medications to see if any of them are causing your symptoms. Get regular exercise to promote blood flow. Be careful when rising from lying down or sitting. To help improve circulation, pump your feet and ankles a few times before standing up. Then proceed slowly. When getting out of bed, sit upright on the edge of the bed for a few minutes before standing. Elevate the head of your bed at night by placing bricks or blocks under the head of bed. Avoid heavy lifting. Avoid straining while on the toilet. Avoid standing still in place for long periods of time. Avoid prolonged exposure to hot water, such as hot showers and spas. If you get dizzy, sit down. It may be helpful to keep a chair or stool in the shower in case you need to sit; to help prevent injury, use a nonslip chair or stool designed for use in showers and bath tubs. To avoid problems with low blood pressure and lessen episodes of dizziness after meals, try eating smaller, more frequent meals. Cut back on carbohydrates. Rest after eating. Avoid taking drugs to lower blood pressure before meals. If needed, use elastic support (compression) stockings that cover the calf and thigh. These may help restrict blood flow to the legs, thus keeping more blood in the upper body. |
b958f72662ef6b50a423c5954146579b | How is a "tilt table" test used to check for low blood pressure? | Some forms of postural hypotension may require a test called a "tilt table" test. This test evaluates the body's reaction to changes in position. The person lies on a table, is safely strapped in, and the table is raised to an upright position for up to an hour. Blood pressure, heart rate, and symptoms are recorded. Often, medications are given to help guide treatment. |
abd03de86a102c61f2e0616a2306301c | What food preservatives can trigger asthma? | Additives, such as sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, and sodium sulfite, are commonly used in food processing or preparation and may be found in foods such as: Dried fruits or vegetables Potatoes (packaged and some prepared) Wine and beer Bottled lime or lemon juice Shrimp (fresh, frozen, or prepared) Pickled foods If you suspect that certain foods may be the cause of your asthma, discuss this with your doctor. |
cf98a954c023b2ea9669fea1b5f196a7 | Should I get allergy shots if I have asthma? | Consider Allergy Shots You can train your immune system to not overreact to allergy triggers. Doctors do this by giving you allergy shots (immunotherapy) for asthma. An allergy shot is a small amount of the substance that causes your allergy. By giving repeated shots of the substance over a period of time, your immune system eventually stops causing the allergic reaction. Ask your doctor if you are a candidate for allergy shots for preventing asthma. |
77118b49325919bb0ad1f517f11a3548 | What happens when TNF causes too much inflammation? | Having the right amount of tumor necrosis factor in your body is important. If you're healthy, your body naturally takes care of this: It blocks any extra TNF you might have. That doesn't always happen in diseases like RA, so you end up with too much TNF in your blood. That leads to inflammation and painful symptoms. |
39979114cedb8568df9312bb2b163521 | What is TNF? | If you have an immune system disease like rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), you may have heard your doctor use the term TNF. It's shorthand for tumor necrosis factor, a protein in your body that causes inflammation and helps coordinate the process. |
f41303add036f267066729346f234124 | What are symptoms of spondylolisthesis? | Symptoms include: Lower back pain Muscle tightness and stiffness Pain in the buttocks Pain radiating down the legs (due to pressure on nerve roots) Spondylolisthesis is treated with the strengthening of supportive abdominal and back muscles through physical therapy. |
ed1fc560def03d1c2c185d5a37b1e0f0 | What's the treatment for spondylolisthesis? | Symptoms include: Lower back pain Muscle tightness and stiffness Pain in the buttocks Pain radiating down the legs (due to pressure on nerve roots) Spondylolisthesis is treated with the strengthening of supportive abdominal and back muscles through physical therapy. For patients who continue to have severe pain and disability after physical therapy, there is the option of surgical fusion (arthrodesis) of the vertebra to the bone below. |
801a44b45c2a1dcfcf2a7b9728ab5ea7 | How is epididymitis treated? | Treatment for epididymitis includes antibiotics (drugs that kill the bacteria causing the infection), bed rest, ice to reduce swelling, the use of a scrotal supporter, and anti-inflammatory medicines ( NSAIDS such as ibuprofen). Partners will need to be treated if the epididymitis is due to a sexually transmitted infection to prevent re-infection. |
164ffe546ef9ea41994311da0d434a99 | What is epididymitis? | Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis. The epididymis is the coiled tube that lies on and around each testicle. It functions in the transport, storage, and maturation of sperm cells that are produced in the testicles. The epididymis connects the testicles with the vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm). |
4d50f4dd06f50e77abe33ce7cae5a646 | What problems are associated with hypogonadism? | When it occurs in adult men, hypogonadism may cause the following problems: Erectile dysfunction (the inability to achieve or maintain an erection) Infertility Decreased sex drive Decrease in beard and growth of body hair Decrease in size or firmness of the testicles Decrease in muscle mass and increase in body fat Lose of bone mass (osteoporosis) Enlarged male breast tissue Mental and emotional symptoms similar to those of menopause in women (hot flashes, mood swings, irritability, depression, fatigue) There are various causes of hypogonadism, including: Klinefelter's syndrome. |
c5e3c305dee24a764c28387f5f2dda84 | How successful is testicular cancer treatment? | The success of testicular cancer treatment depends on the stage of the disease when it is first detected and treated. If the cancer is found and treated before it spreads to the lymph nodes, the cure rate is very high, greater than 98%. Even after testicular cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, treatment is highly effective, with a cure rate greater than 90%. |
9068f5e7c1bcd3dcb57424992f6393d8 | What treatments are available for testicular cancer? | Surgery is the most common treatment for testicular cancer. Surgical treatment involves removing one or both testicles through an incision in the groin. In some cases, the doctor also may remove some of the lymph nodes in the abdomen. Radiation, which uses high-energy rays to attack cancer, and chemotherapy, which uses drugs to kill cancer, are other treatment options. Removing the one testicle should not lead to problems with having sex or children. The remaining testicle will continue making sperm and the male hormone testosterone. To re-establish a normal appearance, a man may be able to have a testicular prosthesis surgically implanted in the scrotum which looks and feels like a normal testicle. |
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