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26421d7c5672dafdb495e3ee1498cd3d | What symptoms signify the onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis? | Along with these signs, there are other symptoms that might show you're shifting to SPMS: More weakness and more trouble with coordination Stiff, tight leg muscles Bowel and bladder problems A harder time with fatigue, depression, and problems thinking Your doctor can only diagnose SPMS by comparing your symptoms over time. |
3f80a91f0d3168ffe6513170f98f9430 | Why do people progress from relapse-remitting to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis? | It's not clear why people progress from relapse-remitting to secondary progressive MS. Some scientists think it may be an aftereffect of nerve injury that happened early in the disease. But they need more research to understand what's behind the shifts in the disease. |
fb720d1f60390f591047682cf2e92a14 | How soon is secondary progressive multiple sclerosis diagnosed? | The shift typically begins 15 to 20 years after you're first diagnosed with MS. Because multiple sclerosis is such a complex disease, it can be hard to spot the changes that signal SPMS, even for health professionals. Doctors often wait at least 6 months before they diagnose SPMS. |
54daa08a19e1fa7392e1c031f6d1b500 | How is secondary progressive multiple sclerosis related to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis? | That's when you may begin to feel a shift in your disease. The changes are often not easy to recognize. But you may notice that your relapses may not seem to fully go away. Most people with relapsing-remitting MS -- about 80% -- eventually get secondary progressive MS. |
e72dd6d3e5ed3da06f266f2c00b72ee5 | What percentage of people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis eventually get secondary progressive multiple sclerosis? | Most people with relapsing-remitting MS -- about 80% -- eventually get secondary progressive MS. The relapses and remissions that used to come and go change into symptoms that steadily get worse. The shift typically begins 15 to 20 years after you're first diagnosed with MS. Because multiple sclerosis is such a complex disease, it can be hard to spot the changes that signal SPMS, even for health professionals. |
123c981e07f3d7de4220221457498348 | How can I treat a bedbug infestation? | This should include the following: Clean bedding, linens, curtains, and clothing in hot water and dry them on the highest dryer setting. Place stuffed animals, shoes, and other items that can't be washed in the dryer and run on high for 30 minutes. Use a stiff brush to scrub mattress seams to remove bedbugs and their eggs before vacuuming. Vacuum your bed and surrounding area frequently. After vacuuming, immediately place the vacuum cleaner bag in a plastic bag and place in garbage can outdoors. Encase mattress and box springs with a tightly woven, zippered cover to keep bedbugs from entering or escaping. Bedbugs may live up to a year without feeding, so keep the cover on your mattress for at least a year to make sure all bugs in the mattress are dead. Repair cracks in plaster and glue down peeling wallpaper to get rid of places bedbugs can hide. Get rid of clutter around the bed. If your mattress is infested, you may want to get rid of it and get a new one, but take care to rid the rest of your home of bedbugs or they will infest your new mattress. While cleaning up infested areas will be helpful in controlling bedbugs, getting rid of them usually requires chemical treatments. |
791f0243a99fa3209150b9e86a128b73 | When should I get a bedbug extermination? | While cleaning up infested areas will be helpful in controlling bedbugs, getting rid of them usually requires chemical treatments. Because treating your bed and bedroom with insecticides can be harmful, it is important to use products that can be used safely in bedrooms. Do not treat mattresses and bedding unless the label specifically says you can use them on bedding. Generally it is safest and most effective to hire an experienced pest control professional for bedbug extermination. |
1fd93b0e0d8960fd4935caf55f8854c8 | What are the signs of a bedbug infestation? | Other signs that you have bedbugs include: Blood stains on your sheets or pillowcases Dark or rusty spots of bedbug excrement on sheets and mattresses, bed clothes, and walls Bedbug fecal spots, egg shells, or shed skins in areas where bedbugs hide An offensive, musty odor from the bugs' scent glands If you suspect an infestation, remove all bedding and check it carefully for signs of the bugs or their excrement. |
6fd6b0adf9395e835f2209798fa99ab8 | When do bedbugs bite? | Bedbugs are active mainly at night and usually bite people while they are sleeping. They feed by piercing the skin and withdrawing blood through an elongated beak. The bugs feed from three to 10 minutes to become engorged and then crawl away unnoticed. Most bedbug bites are painless at first, but later turn into itchy welts. Unlike flea bites that are mainly around the ankles, bedbug bites are on any area of skin exposed while sleeping. Also, the bites do not have a red spot in the center like flea bites do. People who don't realize they have a bedbug infestation may attribute the itching and welts to other causes, such as mosquitoes. To confirm bedbug bites, you must find and identify the bugs themselves. |
0346bbd446610cba73fac43ee97187ab | What should I do if I suspect a bedbug infestation? | Other signs that you have bedbugs include: Blood stains on your sheets or pillowcases Dark or rusty spots of bedbug excrement on sheets and mattresses, bed clothes, and walls Bedbug fecal spots, egg shells, or shed skins in areas where bedbugs hide An offensive, musty odor from the bugs' scent glands If you suspect an infestation, remove all bedding and check it carefully for signs of the bugs or their excrement. Remove the dust cover over the bottom of the box springs and examine the seams in the wood framing. Peel back the fabric where it is stapled to the wood frame. Also, check the area around the bed, including inside books, telephones or radios, the edge of the carpet, and even in electrical outlets. Check your closet, because bedbugs can attach to clothing. If you are uncertain about signs of bedbugs, call an exterminator, who will know what to look for. If you find signs of infestation, begin steps to get rid of the bugs and prevent their return. |
bb2addd25cf92ff2e502b56f36819956 | Can hepatitis B or hepatitis C increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma? | Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, but they've identified some things that may increase your risk for getting it: Hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Hepatocellular cancer can start many years after you've had one of these liver infections. Both are passed through blood, such as when drug users share needles. Blood tests can show whether you have hepatitis B or C. Cirrhosis. |
c75802459c16b48c97ca129fda07c928 | What does chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma consist of? | To treat cancer, doctors often place chemotherapy drugs directly into your liver. It's a process called "chemoembolization." Your doctor puts a thin, flexible tube into the artery that supplies blood to your liver. The tube delivers a chemo drug combined with another drug that helps to block the artery. The goal is to kill the tumor by starving it of blood. Your liver still gets the blood it needs through another blood vessel. You usually get chemotherapy on an outpatient basis, which means you don't need to stay overnight in a hospital. It can cause side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, fever and chills, headache, and weakness. You may also be more likely to get infections, bruising, bleeding, and fatigue. Medicine can ease some of these side effects. |
634a3f109db9cf9f0aaa39b0027206cf | How is a blood test used to detect hepatocellular carcinoma? | Your doctor may use tests to help diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma: Blood test. Your doctor takes a sample of your blood and checks to see if it has a protein called AFP. : Unborn babies have high levels of AFP, but it decreases in most people right after birth. If your blood has a high amount of AFP, it could be a sign of liver cancer. |
42997ee51e76c9b9089abe91bc9adaf4 | How is alcohol injection used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma? | This is also called "percutaneous ethanol injection." An ultrasound, which uses sound waves to see structures in your body, helps your doctor guide a thin needle into the tumor. Then he injects ethanol (alcohol) to destroy the cancer. You usually have this procedure under local anesthesia, which means you won't feel pain but you're awake while this is going on. |
591d6f2d96b4bb509b58c0d7593267e1 | What causes hepatocellular carcinoma? | Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, but they've identified some things that may increase your risk for getting it: Hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Hepatocellular cancer can start many years after you've had one of these liver infections. |
6e7ef8386cc25fcdcd749f708937b189 | How does cirrhosis increase your risk for hepatocellular carcinoma? | This serious disease happens when liver cells are damaged and replaced with scar tissue. Many things can cause it: hepatitis B or C infection, alcohol drinking, certain drugs, and too much iron stored in the liver. |
305e920d09033549e9bbe4f12fb36045 | What is alcohol injection treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma? | This is also called "percutaneous ethanol injection." An ultrasound, which uses sound waves to see structures in your body, helps your doctor guide a thin needle into the tumor. Then he injects ethanol (alcohol) to destroy the cancer. You usually have this procedure under local anesthesia, which means you won't feel pain but you're awake while this is going on. |
f194e9dfe365dcac062fb390f3c43bbd | What should you know about the treating hepatocellular carcinoma? | It's important to remember that you still have control over the decisions you make about your treatment and your life. Make sure you have people you can talk to about your plans, your fears, and your feelings. Ask your doctor about support groups, where you can meet people who know what you're going through. Your doctor can help you understand your treatment options. Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are some of your choices. |
664dfa2201f19a4547efad32ed25d8d0 | What causes cirrhosis? | This serious disease happens when liver cells are damaged and replaced with scar tissue. Many things can cause it: hepatitis B or C infection, alcohol drinking, certain drugs, and too much iron stored in the liver. |
3244d34619b23fd0da0af8c89b1faf93 | Are there treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma? | There are many treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. It's a big decision, so work closely with your doctor to make the right plan for you. |
7bb9133f55054378c09b5531082ce182 | How long does the process of a liver transplant take? | You may need to stay in the hospital for up to 3 weeks after your surgery. It could take you 6 months to a year before you can return to your regular lifestyle. After your transplant, you'll need to take drugs that prevent your body from rejecting the new liver. |
342728f3620f667987d9ffc3274c7778 | What is surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma? | Your surgeon may take out the part of your liver that has the cancer, an operation called "partial hepatectomy." Healing time varies, but you might have pain and discomfort for the first few days. Medicine can help control it. You may also feel weak or tired for a while. Some people also have diarrhea and a sense of fullness in the stomach. |
cc9d60abd5f9be0f4bcb10da0911c471 | Is there a cure for hepatocellular carcinoma? | If caught early, it can sometimes be cured with surgery or transplant. In more advanced cases it can't be cured, but treatment and support can help you live longer and better. |
a8222729ad725efdaa764bf048c214ae | How can obesity and diabetes increase your risk for hepatocellular carcinoma? | Obesity and diabetes. Both conditions raise your risk of liver cancer. Obesity can lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. The higher risk from diabetes may be due to high insulin levels in people with diabetes or from liver damage caused by the disease. |
e26555a471c1e0fe861194d48babb339 | What will my doctor ask me during an exam for hepatocellular carcinoma? | As the cancer grows, you may have one or more of these: Pain in the upper right part of your belly A lump or feeling of heaviness in your upper belly Bloating or swelling in your belly Loss of appetite and feelings of fullness Weight loss Weakness or deep fatigue Nausea and vomiting Yellow skin and eyes Pale, chalky bowel movements and dark urine Fever Your doctor will give you a physical exam and may ask you questions like: Have you had any pain in your belly? Are you feeling weak or tired? Is your appetite down? Have you lost weight? |
4368ac289e7053eeb116d496aff8a5f4 | Does hepatitis B or hepatitis C increase your risk for hepatocellular carcinoma? | Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, but they've identified some things that may increase your risk for getting it: Hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Hepatocellular cancer can start many years after you've had one of these liver infections. Both are passed through blood, such as when drug users share needles. Blood tests can show whether you have hepatitis B or C. Cirrhosis. |
9b101746ea539ff03e5ef5dda9ee8bd8 | Can obesity and diabetes increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma? | Both conditions raise your risk of liver cancer. Obesity can lead to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. The higher risk from diabetes may be due to high insulin levels in people with diabetes or from liver damage caused by the disease. |
f7ee71bb0d58a5ae2ff41146a47737f1 | How can I manage nausea during chemotherapy? | Since chemotherapy can sometimes upset your stomach, you can try changing some of your eating habits. For instance, stay away from fried or spicy foods. You can also try eating five or six small meals a day rather than the traditional three meals. |
2e697a3bec268ff28153d1fb28494cd8 | Can iron storage disease increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma? | This causes too much iron to be stored in the liver and other organs. People who have it may develop hepatocellular carcinoma. |
952bba03cd8c13442ec813163efd4607 | How can I prevent myself from swine flu daily? | Use the same steps to prevent all types of flu: Wash your hands often with soap and water. That includes before, during, and after preparing food; before eating; before and after touching someone who's sick; before and after treating a wound; after using the bathroom, changing diapers, or helping a child in the bathroom; and especially after you blow your nose, cough, or sneeze. Use hand sanitizer when you can't wash your hands. Don't touch your face unless you've washed your hands. Touching your mouth, nose, or eyes can spread the virus to your lungs and throat. Avoid crowded places and people who are sneezing or coughing whenever possible. Stay as healthy as you can: Eat healthy foods, drink a lot of liquids, and get plenty of sleep and exercise. |
1b36d9a5b5d658ead645cdf35941d5da | How can the swine flu affect people with chronic conditions? | Most people call it swine flu. When you have a chronic health condition and get any kind of flu, you'll probably get sicker than someone who doesn't have the problem. You're more likely to get complications from the flu -- like bronchitis or pneumonia -- that can land you in the hospital. Not only that, but having the flu can make other health problems worse. If you have asthma, for instance, your attacks may be more severe when you have the flu. You are at high risk for severe swine flu if you have: Asthma or chronic lung disease A blood disorder A brain or central nervous system condition Diabetes or a kidney disorder Heart disease Liver disease Obesity A weakened immune system If you've had a flu shot this year, you have the best protection from swine flu. |
f24bd6bee568fec44c4e2582a50406b9 | Should I make the people around me get the flu shot if I have a chronic condition? | Your family and caregivers -- anyone who is around you on most days -- can help prevent you from getting the flu by getting the vaccine themselves. |
9cfc56fb62ccac4fbd16f4ef5b9efcf0 | What flu medications should I take if I have the flu and a chronic medical condition? | Flu medicines work best if you take them within 48 hours of your first symptoms. Plus, they can help keep you from getting more serious problems, like pneumonia. If you have any type of flu, your doctor may treat it with one of these antiviral medicines: Oseltamivir ( Tamiflu) Peramivir ( Rapivab) Zanamivir ( Relenza) Ask the doctor if it could affect other medications you take. |
99b09c40a19d9a479ce854e1e562116a | What is recovery like from breast reduction surgery? | You will need to take at least one week off from work or school for breast reduction surgery. Some people need two weeks, but each situation varies. Your surgeon will instruct you on follow-up appointments for removing bandages and stitches. While you recover, you'll need to stop physical activity for at least one month after surgery. After breast reduction surgery, you should expect to feel tired and to have breast pain. This is normal. Your surgeon will give you an oral painkiller to ease you through the first few days after surgery. You should also avoid heavy lifting. Some people have an emotional reaction, such as feeling depressed, after the surgery. That can be normal, but make sure you tell your doctor about all your concerns. |
12deb4d182d4010a3dc9dd364ff55535 | What are the two main types of bipolar disorder? | These periods might last for weeks or months and are usually separated by periods of wellness. Type II causes periods of depression that alternate with a less severe form of mania called hypomania. |
626ceedd4885ad7624c49e780f12fdc5 | What is rapid cycling, and how is it related to bipolar disorder? | Rapid cycling is not a type of bipolar disorder but a term used to describe the course of illness in people with bipolar I or II disorder. It applies when mood episodes occur four or more times over a 1-year period. Women are more likely to have this type of illness course than men and it can come and go at any time in the course of bipolar disorder. Rapid cycling is driven largely by depression and carries an increased risk for suicidal thoughts or behaviors. |
2a8c20bf8cc262c32c101794c72d0c1b | How is a sentinel node biopsy done to remove and test lymph nodes? | The surgeon injects a special blue dye, a radioactive substance, or both into your breast in the area of the tumor. That helps him determine which lymph nodes are the first to receive drainage from the breast -- these nodes would potentially be the first to be invaded by cancer cells. One to three sentinel nodes are usually removed and tested for cancer. If the results are negative, the cancer hasn't spread to the lymph nodes. |
7ad7a7c39ddd6f5e452d9f1f72196219 | What should you watch for after a lymph node biopsy? | Make sure your doctor gives you: Specific instructions to follow in the days before surgery An overview of the surgical procedure Information about recovery and follow-up care After surgery, watch for warning signs of an infection or swelling in your arm or hand. Call your doctor immediately if you see a buildup of fluid, redness, or other symptoms of infection. |
2a859b9577c5fa448359483bc6a0b822 | What should you do before a lymph node biopsy? | Before you have surgery, get a good understanding of what's going to happen and what you might expect. Print out these Questions to Ask. Make sure your doctor gives you: Specific instructions to follow in the days before surgery An overview of the surgical procedure Information about recovery and follow-up care After surgery, watch for warning signs of an infection or swelling in your arm or hand. |
c7e8c7b57a27f345c540b3afe8c79dc3 | How long does it take to get the results of a lung biopsy? | Your lung biopsy sample will be sent to a lab, and you'll get results within a week. You may get a chest X-ray to make sure your lungs are working OK. If you weren't asleep, you should be able to go home after a few hours. Have someone pick you up, because it's not safe to drive. Otherwise, you may need to stay in the hospital for one or more nights. |
429da05092b5bc78ac7bae9f38b74bad | What can you expect after getting a thoracoscopy or open lung biopsy? | However, doctors remove fewer cells than with other procedures, which sometimes makes it more difficult to make a diagnosis If you're getting a thoracoscopy or open biopsy, you can get the sample of cells tested right away. Depending on the results, your doctor can remove more samples, or even an entire lung, during the same surgery. |
295ffd89b8b9dbb99ec7d4862c0ddb95 | How can a lung biopsy cause pneumonia? | Pneumonia is a risk for all types of lung biopsies. Pneumothorax, where air leaks out between the lung and chest cavity, can make it hard to breathe or cause your lung to collapse with these procedures, but your doctor will watch for this and suck out air as needed. Other rare but serious complications of surgical lung biopsies may include severe bleeding, wound infection, and blood clots. |
34f951a0d1798f4d92856f45204e3f3f | When might someone get a lung needle biopsy (transthoracic biopsy)? | You usually get this type of lung biopsy when cells can't be reached with a bronchoscopy. Your doctor places a needle through your chest between two ribs to take a sample from the outer area of your lungs. You'll be awake and your skin will be numbed, and you may get a sedative to relax. To find the best place to do the procedure, you'll get an ultrasound, CT scan, or a special type of X-ray known as fluoroscopy. When the needle enters your lung, you may feel discomfort or pressure. You'll need to avoid coughing, and you may have to hold your breath. |
fa0915c94bee1763f9ad8de6e7c59896 | When should you call a doctor about lung biopsy complications? | Call your doctor if you have any signs of infection or complications, which include: Fever over 100.4 F Redness, swelling, or blood or fluid leaking from the wound Severe chest pain Shortness of breath Coughing up blood or blood-tinged mucus |
e25fe1e2195bdf952ddcaf133360b7a3 | What tests are done to help make sure a lung biopsy is safe for you? | To make sure a lung biopsy is safe, your doctor may suggest you get a full physical exam and blood tests. Let him know if you're pregnant or have any allergies, including to latex or drugs. |
ab5e622641e95442ceae84f774e18a70 | What is video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery? | It checks for problems on the outside of your lungs. You'll get general anesthesia for this procedure, which means you won't be awake for it. Your doctor puts a breathing tube down your throat and into your lungs and keeps tabs on your breathing, blood pressure, oxygen levels, and heart rate. The doctor makes up to three small cuts on your chest between your ribs, then puts a thin, lighted tube with a camera on the end and uses tiny tools to pull out some cells. |
bf386f6d1c61dc1536069eb757430b0d | How does high cholesterol cause heart disease? | Follow These Simple Tips to Lower Your Cholesterol When you have too much cholesterol, it builds up in the walls of your arteries, This buildup causes the arteries to harden -- a process called atherosclerosis. It also narrows the arteries, which slows and even blocks the flow of blood. That's where the problem starts. Your blood is supposed to carry oxygen to all parts of your body, including your heart muscle. Without enough oxygen, your body's parts won't function the way they're supposed to. For instance, if your heart muscle doesn't get enough blood and oxygen you'll have chest pain. And if the blood supply to a portion of your heart is completely cut off, you'll have a heart attack. |
f4c8b1a33e9008d1a2a9d0434a9ff422 | Are there foods or other drugs I should avoid while taking cholesterol-lowering drugs? | Other side effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs include: Abnormal liver function Allergic reaction (skin rashes) Heartburn Dizziness Abdominal pain Constipation Decreased sexual desire Memory loss Ask your doctor about the other drugs you are taking, including herbals and vitamins, and their impact on cholesterol-lowering medications. You should not drink grapefruit juice while taking cholesterol-lowering drugs. It can interfere with the liver's ability to metabolize these medications. |
d7ae1078bae2b434a05a8a75e2285fdd | Is cholesterol hereditary? | Your genes partly determine how much cholesterol your body makes. High blood cholesterol can run in families. |
49a6ce0615cde4d8973ffd2b78f76b44 | What is niacin for lowering high cholesterol? | Examples of statins include: Atorvastatin ( Lipitor) Fluvastatin ( Lescol, Lescol XL) Lovastatin ( Altocor, Altoprev, Mevacor) Pitavastatin ( Livalo) Pravastatin ( Pravachol) Rosuvastatin ( Crestor) Simvastatin ( Zocor) Niacin Niacin is a B-complex vitamin. It's found in food, but it is also available at high doses by prescription. It lowers LDL cholesterol and raises HDL cholesterol. The main side effects are flushing, itching, tingling, and headache. Aspirin can reduce many of these symptoms. Speak with your doctor first, though, before taking aspirin. Research studies suggest that even though niacin may improve your cholesterol numbers, it does not appear to lower your risk of heart disease, especially if you are already taking a statin. |
3f69a8b8190b321b1d8f6342987ee282 | Does weight affect your cholesterol levels? | Being overweight is in itself a risk factor for heart disease. It also can increase your cholesterol. Losing weight will help lower your LDL, total cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels. At the same time it can help you raise your HDL. |
9ccf27d0fa5b7856922cbd948ad7e975 | What are statins for lowering high cholesterol? | Statins Statins block the production of cholesterol in the liver. They lower LDL and triglycerides and can slightly raise HDL. These drugs are the first line of treatment for most people with high cholesterol. They are associated with a lower risk of heart disease, and for people with heart disease, statins reduce the risk of future heart attacks. Side effects can include intestinal problems, liver damage, and, in a few people, muscle tenderness or weakness. If your doctor prescribes statins, you should discuss the percentage by which you should lower your cholesterol. Generally, it will be between 30% and 50%. |
58f184fc053935bbcd16131e646b01ba | What are fibrates for lowering high cholesterol? | Examples of bile acid resins include: Cholestyramine resin ( Prevalite, Questran and Questran Light) Colesevelam ( Wel Chol) Colestipol ( Colestid) Fibrates Fibrates lower triglyceride levels and can increase HDL and lower LDL. It's thought that fibrates enhance the breakdown of triglyceride-rich particles and decrease the secretion of certain blood fats. |
4722d774c9f369d2a08c8364aa0e65c7 | What are examples of bile acid sequestrants for lowering high cholesterol? | Examples of bile acid resins include: Cholestyramine resin ( Prevalite, Questran and Questran Light) Colesevelam ( Wel Chol) Colestipol ( Colestid) Fibrates Fibrates lower triglyceride levels and can increase HDL and lower LDL. |
2701e232a87f694e52c5cc90fd8143ae | Does diet affect your cholesterol levels? | Reducing the amount of saturated fat, trans fats, and cholesterol in your diet can help lower your blood cholesterol. Eating too much sugar and too many simple carbohydrates will also increase your cholesterol levels. |
e50c3290c8a6e860dd83b6813022f836 | What are combination drugs for lowering high cholesterol? | Combination drugs Some people with high cholesterol achieve the best results with combination drugs. These are pills that contain more than one medication to treat cholesterol problems, trigylceride abnormalities, or even high blood pressure. |
9129d532b5a64556bf1f7c832f675036 | What drugs are used to treat high cholesterol? | Cholesterol-lowering drugs include: Statins Niacin Bile-acid resins Fibrates Cholesterol-lowering drugs are most effective when combined with a low-cholesterol diet and exercise program. |
a1fdccb155fcfec2e50c991a65732d7b | What are examples of combination drugs for lowering high cholesterol? | Some examples include: Advicor: Lovastatin and niacin ( nicotinic acid ) Caduet: Atorvastatin and amlodipine , a calcium channel blocker Liptruzet: Atorvastatin and ezetimibe Simcor: Simvastatin and niacin (nicotinic acid) Vytorin: Simvastatin and ezetimibe , a cholesterol absorption inhibitor The side effect you need to be most concerned about is muscle aches. |
7df0c69763eb0370ccfc0ea9a58535ea | Do medications affect cholesterol levels? | Some drugs, such as steroids and progestins, can increase the "bad" cholesterol and decrease the "good" cholesterol. |
4cd4fbda0970836e8a7c32c81835fd90 | What are examples of statins for lowering high cholesterol? | Examples of statins include: Atorvastatin ( Lipitor) Fluvastatin ( Lescol, Lescol XL) Lovastatin ( Altocor, Altoprev, Mevacor) Pitavastatin ( Livalo) Pravastatin ( Pravachol) Rosuvastatin ( Crestor) Simvastatin ( Zocor) Niacin Niacin is a B-complex vitamin. |
0deaba919968db79475d0b1eba7f756d | What are bile acid sequestrants for lowering high cholesterol? | Bile Acid Sequestrants These drugs work inside the intestine, where they bind to bile and prevent it from being reabsorbed into the circulatory system. Bile is made largely from cholesterol, so these drugs work by reducing the body's supply of cholesterol. That then lowers both total and LDL cholesterol. The most common side effects are constipation, gas, and upset stomach. |
45442a41d9f896cd2592f05a6d51d058 | What are symptoms of high cholesterol? | High cholesterol does not have any symptoms. So you can be completely unaware that your cholesterol levels are getting too high. That's why it's important to find out what your cholesterol numbers are. If the level is too high, lowering it will lessen your risk for developing heart disease. And if you already have heart disease, lowering cholesterol can reduce your chance of a heart attack or of dying from heart disease. |
af1b87ffbe8d0661ff695c16842bc97f | Do age and gender affect your cholesterol levels? | As you get older, your cholesterol rises. Before menopause, women tend to have lower total cholesterol than men. After menopause, though, women's LDL levels tend to rise. |
6d83b79ae4bfe602065d58de93f814b4 | What assistive devices can be used in the bathroom to help treat arthritis? | Try these options: A tub bench or shower seat lets you sit down while you get clean. Non-skid shower mats make the tub safer. Grab bars make it easier to get in and out of the bath. A raised toilet seat with side rails makes it easier to get on and off. Long-handled sponges help you wash your legs and feet without bending. Also, large sponges are easier to grip than washcloths. Easy-to-pull shower curtains are better than heavy shower doors. An electric toothbrush with a fat handle is easier than a regular toothbrush. Put a seat in front of your sink so you can avoid leaning forward. Do the same with using a freestanding mirror for grooming. |
a2147cf092d1b5404314c6d9aab080d8 | What are some assistive devices for the bedroom if you have RA? | Most people with rheumatoid arthritis have joint stiffness in the morning. A few simple changes will make it easier to get going. Switch to big buttons, button hooks, or Velcro closures. Buttons the size of a nickel or larger are easier to use. Closures in the front are better, especially for bras and dresses. Use lamps that turn on and off by touch or by your voice. And replace small, hard-to-turn switches on lamps with larger grip-and-turn knobs. Find sock aids and zipper pulls. A sock aid can help you pull up your socks without bending your legs. A zipper pull, which has a large rung that attaches to a zipper tag, makes zippers easier to grab and zip. |
f5b58073bfb3f2652cb56751fc820222 | Where can you get assistive devices for RA? | These items and many more are available at full-service pharmacies and surgical supply stores. The Arthritis Foundation is also a great source. If you can't install something yourself, the store can often arrange it. Or check with your local hardware store to see if they can recommend someone to do it for you. Also get a referral to an occupational therapist from your rheumatologist or your regular doctor if you haven't already. Occupational therapists specialize in helping people keep their independence. They may have other ideas for assistive devices or changes to your home that could make a huge difference. |
8f546f70351c119bba263c0c2713e449 | Where can I buy items to help me with my rheumatoid arthritis? | These items and many more are available at full-service pharmacies and surgical supply stores. The Arthritis Foundation is also a great source. If you can't install something yourself, the store can often arrange it. Or check with your local hardware store to see if they can recommend someone to do it for you. |
cc4cebf3cbdd58a912020386973cd6dd | What assistive devices can be used in the kitchen to help treat arthritis? | Arthritis-friendly utensils with fat foam handles are widely available and can make a world of difference. Consider these other simple ideas around the kitchen, too: Buy pots and pans with handles on both sides. They're easier to carry. Give your fingers and hands a break and use an electric jar opener and electric can opener when you prepare foods. Rearrange your kitchen so that the things you use most often are the easiest to reach. Replace small switches and doorknobs with large, easy-to-grip knobs, or levers that you don't need to turn. |
00e8188ee97e899c173e48d57017f70b | Should I get a referral to an occupational therapist to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Also get a referral to an occupational therapist from your rheumatologist or your regular doctor if you haven't already. Occupational therapists specialize in helping people keep their independence. They may have other ideas for assistive devices or changes to your home that could make a huge difference. |
5827897c820b674d8805f7d5b7b00d73 | What are some aids to help you get around for RA? | A cane or crutch used on the opposite side of a painful knee or hip makes walking easier. Orthotics help ease painful feet. They are inserts (either ready-made, or custom-fit by a podiatrist) worn in the shoe. Other options include padded insoles or a pair of comfortable orthopedic shoes. Braces and splints support joints and lower strain. Reachers are long rods with a grip handle on one end and pincers (like a claw, used to grab) on the other. They let you pick up small objects without having to bend over or reach uncomfortably. Taller chair legs make it easier to get in and out of your seat. The chairs you have can usually be fitted with extenders. |
fe6d9e9ef0b65ab51d4b164a152bcbd9 | How can you get started using assistive devices for RA? | The first step is to recognize when and where you could use some more help. Sometimes people adapt to changes in their ability level, giving up things they like to do without even realizing it. Next, take action to stay as independent as possible. |
c457a03627c8e4a081ecbc8b81813e19 | What are assistive devices for the bathroom if you have RA? | Try these options: A tub bench or shower seat lets you sit down while you get clean. Non-skid shower mats make the tub safer. Grab bars make it easier to get in and out of the bath. A raised toilet seat with side rails makes it easier to get on and off. Long-handled sponges help you wash your legs and feet without bending. Also, large sponges are easier to grip than washcloths. Easy-to-pull shower curtains are better than heavy shower doors. An electric toothbrush with a fat handle is easier than a regular toothbrush. Put a seat in front of your sink so you can avoid leaning forward. Do the same with using a freestanding mirror for grooming. |
cc3382295b861b47b6e50251a63ba27d | What should I look for when buying eye protection? | And try these tips: Buy eye guards at a sports store or optical store, and have someone familiar with your eyesight and the sport fit them for you. Make sure lenses are secure. If one pops inward, it could damage your eye. Look for cushioning along your eyebrows and the edge of your nose so they don't cut or scratch your face. Get a product with UV protection to shield your eyes from the sun's harmful rays. |
18c2f3b03c9476690078406f738138de | Do I need eye protection when I play sports? | You take extra steps to prevent concussions, broken bones, bruises, and chipped teeth, so why not do the same to guard against vision loss, a scratched cornea, or a fractured eye socket? Broken bones and bruises will heal, but a serious eye injury can put you on the disabled list for the rest of your life. |
51e98a9d5d1a1b28a3d1157db7b43b29 | Are there side effects of the nasal spray flu vaccine? | Adults could have a runny nose, headache, sore throat, and cough. But grownups don't usually have a fever. Just like the shot, the spray will not cause the flu. |
828e1ae6805e8536006f14684e831c19 | How does the nasal spray flu vaccine work? | The spray causes your immune system to make proteins in your blood and in your nose that help you fight the virus. Your nose is where the flu virus normally enters your body. |
0b13832bdcceda0dcac9983ec4d52fb1 | Which people should not get the nasal spray flu vaccine? | These people should not get nasal spray vaccine: Pregnant women Children under 2 years old Adults 50 or older Children under 5 who wheeze or have asthma Children or teens who take aspirin Anyone with allergies to the flu vaccine of any of its ingredients People with chronic heart or lung disease, like asthma or restrictive airways disease Those who have diabetes or kidney failure Anyone with a weakened immune system People who've had Guillain- Barre syndrome, a rare nervous system problem, within 6 weeks of getting a flu vaccine Yes. |
b2ba1da04f981f38bd8c0a3421e8154f | Is the nasal spray flu vaccine safe for everyone? | The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant. Adults should get one dose of the vaccine per year. Kids 2 to 9 who are getting their first flu vaccine will need a second dose 4 weeks later. The first isn't enough to prevent the flu -- two doses will. Every year after that, your child will need only one dose. |
a63eea6d1229811ddd5e738a6e8530f6 | How do you take the nasal spray flu vaccine? | No. The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant. |
4fbb49800e512b399134659e19bc631f | What is Celiac disease and how is it related to IBS? | Research suggests that as many as 1 in 5 people with this condition, in which the body can't digest a protein in wheat called gluten, also have IBS. The intestinal inflammation they get when they eat foods like pasta, bread, and beer may make them more likely to get IBS. Symptoms typically go away once you stop eating foods that have gluten. |
4b371ae1db6a61f1c33324e12cdb78d6 | Do people with IBS also have lactose intolerance? | One in three people with IBS don't feel good after they eat dairy products, a condition called lactose intolerance. They may have diarrhea, bloating, and gas. It could be that those foods irritate the already sensitive intestines of people with IBS. If you don't feel good 30 minutes to 2 hours after you eat milk, cheese, or yogurt, talk to your doctor. She might order tests to see how your body handles lactose, the sugar in dairy foods. You might need to cut back on the milk products you eat, but you can also try taking lactase tablets or drops to help you digest them. |
14975cc6f5b7b1586411d3025b9ede73 | Do people with IBS have too much gut bacteria? | But people with IBS are more likely to have too many of these germs, a condition called small intestinal bacterial overgrowth ( SIBO). It can cause diarrhea that doesn't get better, weight loss, and a lack of vitamins in the body. Your doctor can do some tests to see if SIBO is the cause of your symptoms. If it is, antibiotics can kill the extra bacteria in your gut. |
09535b53314372595cf022ee36e3d077 | How should I talk to people at my child's school about asthma? | It's important that your child's teachers, coaches, and school nurses know about his or her asthma. Talk to your doctor about the best way to handle these discussions. Make sure that your child has an âasthma action planâ and the proper medication at school with detailed instructions that include the location of the medicine or permission for your child to carry it. Ask your child's doctor to help you personalize this plan based on your child's asthma and treatment. |
053e13a395fc5d6df3b695ba5ce35ab2 | What should I know about asthma in children? | When your child is diagnosed with asthma, don't make assumptions. Whatever you know about asthma may not apply to your child. Many experts say that asthma is a spectrum, not a single disease, and asthma in children is often quite different from asthma in adults. So don't settle for a general diagnosis. Get the specifics about your child's condition. |
38e7abbc0938f0c3eb5fc7e33b8cb3c5 | How are oral health and general health related? | A healthy mouth and healthy body go hand in hand. Good oral hygiene and oral health can improve your overall health, reducing the risk of serious disease and perhaps even preserving your memory in your golden years. The phrase "healthy mouth, healthy you" really is true -- and backed by growing scientific evidence. |
c8355cb727c7479a6dcd36b0c2aa23b9 | What are some tests and diagnoses for impaired thinking in people with multiple sclerosis? | If you think you have cognitive problems, talk with your neurologist or family doctor. Fuzzy thinking can have many causes. Your doctor can make sure your problems don't come from normal aging or drugs that may cause confusion, depression, anxiety, or fatigue. Once you have any health problems fully treated, the next step is usually testing. Your doctor may refer you to a neuropsychologist, speech pathologist, or occupational therapist. |
b8cfc9c0772f50d30e3758ccade65cef | What are some signs of impaired thinking in people with multiple sclerosis (MS)? | The clues that you have fuzzy thinking are often subtle. You might not notice them until a friend, co-worker, or family member points them out. You may: Struggle to find the right words to say Forget things you need to do or tasks already done Find it hard to plan ahead or set priorities Have trouble concentrating, especially when two things are happening at once. MS usually does not hurt your intelligence or long-term memory. It won't change your ability to read and carry on a conversation. |
6947bc853f8b49d546c260ada2f46e28 | What are some exercises for the brain with multiple sclerosis (MS)? | If test results show that MS is to blame for spotty memory or poor mental focus, you may want to try rehab to sharpen your thinking. This can include: Memory exercises on a computer Home or work strategies with notebooks, organizers, or filing systems to help you remember things It's possible, but rare, that thinking problems become so severe that someone with MS needs constant care or can't live on their own. If this becomes an issue, discuss your options with your doctor and family. A social worker or psychologist can also help explore options for care. |
40aadd107d56564fcd0827f30fa130b5 | How do medications affect multiple sclerosis (MS)? | Scientists are doing studies to see whether the drugs that slow the nerve damage in MS -- called disease-modifying medicines -- can help with thinking problems, too. Others are looking at treatments, such as Alzheimer's medications, that may temporarily improve your memory and focus. Ask your doctor to give you updates on any promising results. |
e05a2441cb3ee4b2b6c8a19feead3652 | What are some cognitive problems in people with multiple sclerosis (MS)? | When you've got multiple sclerosis, losing your keys or forgetting a name can be scary. You wonder whether the illness is clouding your thinking. It's true that over time, about half of people with MS can have some cognitive problems. That means poor focus, slowed thinking, or a fuzzy memory. Often these problems are mild and don't really interrupt your daily life. It's pretty rare to have severe thinking problems. They affect about 5% to 10% of people with MS. |
cd56797f70dc3868d5d2a45b28f86d72 | Does multiple sclerosis hurt intelligence or long-term memory? | It won't change your ability to read and carry on a conversation. |
8ccabe149c4b47c9b37f976855dcd571 | Can people with cognitive difficulties from multiple sclerosis live alone? | This can include: Memory exercises on a computer Home or work strategies with notebooks, organizers, or filing systems to help you remember things It's possible, but rare, that thinking problems become so severe that someone with MS needs constant care or can't live on their own. If this becomes an issue, discuss your options with your doctor and family. A social worker or psychologist can also help explore options for care. |
1a212824686fc0e6c03553c678db4e63 | Does multiple sclerosis cause cognitive problems? | You wonder whether the illness is clouding your thinking. It's true that over time, about half of people with MS can have some cognitive problems. That means poor focus, slowed thinking, or a fuzzy memory. |
e1e01b7f79a6cd6791f929a32693540f | Are cognitive difficulties related to any other conditions different than multiple sclerosis? | If you think you have cognitive problems, talk with your neurologist or family doctor. Fuzzy thinking can have many causes. Your doctor can make sure your problems don't come from normal aging or drugs that may cause confusion, depression, anxiety, or fatigue. |
83354386c4570c7c33ac7a9a11b9e179 | What are clues of cognitive problems caused by multiple sclerosis? | The clues that you have fuzzy thinking are often subtle. You might not notice them until a friend, co-worker, or family member points them out. You may: Struggle to find the right words to say Forget things you need to do or tasks already done Find it hard to plan ahead or set priorities Have trouble concentrating, especially when two things are happening at once. |
49d2c7acdc8de1336d874098c79b2934 | Can medicine help treat cognitive difficulties from multiple sclerosis? | Scientists are doing studies to see whether the drugs that slow the nerve damage in MS -- called disease-modifying medicines -- can help with thinking problems, too. Others are looking at treatments, such as Alzheimer's medications, that may temporarily improve your memory and focus. Ask your doctor to give you updates on any promising results. |
fbab277456ebf6ad9e2ba46732914f5b | Are cognitive problems caused by multiple sclerosis serious? | Often these problems are mild and don't really interrupt your daily life. It's pretty rare to have severe thinking problems. |
873359a07f63ca1e8b11cba4e5ab61d1 | What are the main symptoms of dermatitis? | Nummular dermatitis, common in people who have dry skin or live in dry environments, shows up as red, itchy, circular patches of weeping, scaly, or crusted skin. |
89ecb45e4ae1ebca90d2afefcf6ad03e | When should you call your doctor about dermatitis? | Your skin has oozing sores; honey-yellow crusting; red, swollen, tender areas; or other signs of infection. You may need treatment with antibiotics or other drugs. The affected skin does not respond to treatment with over-the-counter creams or medicated shampoos. You should have a medical diagnosis and treatment. You are exposed to anyone with herpes simplex virus infection while you are having a flare-up of atopic dermatitis (eczema). You are at increased risk of contracting the viral disorder. |
11dcb0ccd7b7b87b003b553663074c50 | How does someone take care of themselves during treatment for breast cancer? | Most people have reactions like: Redness Bruising Breast pain Less likely, but still possible, problems include: Infection Damage to fatty tissue in the breast Weakness and fracture of the ribs in rare cases Fluid collecting in the breast (seroma) Radiation affects each person differently. To help keep your energy up during radiation treatments: Get enough rest. Eat a well-balanced, nutritious diet. Pace yourself, and plan frequent rest periods. |
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