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6d9fd0d6b55dbd883a9859d56be6371e | Which foods help keep your mouth healthy? | The best food choices for the health of your mouth include cheeses, chicken or other meats, nuts, and milk. These foods are thought to protect tooth enamel by providing the calcium and phosphorus needed to remineralize teeth (a natural process by which minerals are redeposited in tooth enamel after being removed by acids). For those people that are lactose intolerant and cannot ingest milk products, green vegetables such as broccoli and spinach are high in calcium. Other food choices include firm/crunchy fruits (for example, apples and pears) and vegetables. |
133cf0822645cab5c5e4591e59841207 | What happens during a meditation session? | During a meditation session, intruding worries or thoughts should be ignored or dismissed to the best of your ability by focusing on the sound, word or phrase. It's OK to open your eyes to look at a clock while you are practicing, but do not set an alarm. When you have finished, remain seated, first with your eyes closed and then with your eyes open, and gradually allow your thoughts to return to everyday reality. |
001bec2cfc6a7e279dec4d19b0ff9d1c | What is the history of meditation? | In his book The Relaxation Response (published in 1975 and reissued in 2000), Benson recommends practicing the technique once or twice a day. |
28943eba77baccc63240898415214086 | How does relaxation response of meditation work? | This should be done in a quiet place free of distractions. Sitting is preferred to lying down in order to avoid falling asleep. Relax your muscles starting with the feet and progressing up to your face. Breathe though your nose in a free and natural way. During a meditation session, intruding worries or thoughts should be ignored or dismissed to the best of your ability by focusing on the sound, word or phrase. |
90b21cc8de04fea898821b5c643f4019 | What is meditation? | Meditation is a simple technique that, if practiced for as few as 10 minutes each day, can help you control stress, decrease anxiety, improve cardiovascular health, and achieve a greater capacity for relaxation. |
607ad2e90e7a7253c71d923e5caaf033 | What are the symptoms of reactive arthritis? | The first symptoms of reactive arthritis are painful urination and a discharge from the penis if there is inflammation of the urethra. Diarrhea may occur if the intestines are affected. This is then followed by arthritis four to 28 days later that usually affects the fingers, toes, ankles, hips, and knee joints. Typically, only one or a few of these joints may be affected at one time. Other symptoms include: Mouth ulcers Inflammation of the eye Keratoderma blennorrhagica (patches of scaly skin on the palms, soles, trunk, or scalp) Back pain from sacroiliac ( SI) joint involvement Pain from inflammation of the ligaments and tendons at the sites of their insertion into the bone (enthesitis) Diagnosis of reactive arthritis can be complicated by the fact that symptoms often occur several weeks apart. |
a02f6de2b089e125c1f4812a817d85c6 | When should I see a doctor about a sprain or strain? | All but the most minor strains and sprains should be evaluated by a doctor. Consult a doctor as soon as possible if there are symptoms of a possible broken bone: There is a "popping" sound with the injury. The person can't move the injured joint or limb or bear weight on it. The limb buckles when the injured joint is used. There is numbness. There is significant swelling, pain, fever, or open cuts. |
cbb05e3d1f36423c078e35478e23ae2d | What are the symptoms of desmoid tumors? | The tumor also may be called one of the following: Aggressive fibromatosis Deep fibromatosis Desmoid fibromatosis Familial infiltrative fibromatosis Hereditary desmoid disease Musculoaponeurotic fibromatosis Signs of a desmoid tumor depend on where it is. If it's close to the surface of your skin, you may have a painless or slightly painful lump. If it's in your abdomen, it may be more aggressive. It can press against blood vessels and nerves and cause pain, a limp, or problems using your legs, feet, arms, or hands. It also can block your colon or grow into nearby tissues. When this happens, you may have severe pain, bleeding from your rectum, and other health problems. |
bce1fbb013eed41cf35162322fbd1e54 | Can glucosamine sulfate help fight HIV? | Studies done in a laboratory dish hint that glucosamine sulfate may help fight HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Much more comprehensive research is needed before scientists can say whether or not this supplement could be helpful for those with the virus. |
3932347773b99f24b9861116f35e34d4 | What should you talk to your doctor about before taking glucosamine sulfate? | Talk to your doctor before taking this supplement if you have diabetes or insulin resistance. |
99231579f8417b1f348e0353d0104668 | What medications could glucosamine sulfate interfere with? | There are reports that glucosamine may also reduce the effectiveness of certain drugs. So use caution when taking glucosamine if you take: acetaminophen ( Tylenol) Certain chemotherapy drugs, including doxorubicin ( Adriamycin, Rubex), etoposide ( Etopiside), and teniposide ( Vumon) Diabetes drugs, including glimepiride ( Amaryl), glyburide ( Dia Beta), insulin ( Novo Log), pioglitazone ( Actos), and rosiglitazone ( Avandia) Talk to your doctor before using this supplement if you are allergic to shellfish. |
4cd82bf26993f5f124ec2a607376d9a2 | Why are steroids injected? | Injecting steroids into one or two local areas of inflammation allows doctors to deliver a high dose of medication directly to the problem area. When doctors give steroids by mouth or intravenously, they cannot be sure an adequate amount of the steroid will eventually reach the problem area. |
63a9512b92d4ea904b0d8842ceab661b | What negative effects can happen from steroid injections? | In rare instances, the following side effects might occur: Infection Allergic reactions Local bleeding Rupture of a tendon Skin discoloration Excessively frequent, repeated injections into the same area can cause the bone, ligaments, and tendons to weaken. Not everyone will develop side effects. How often any side effect occurs varies from patient to patient. If steroid injections are infrequent (less than every three to four months), it is possible that none of the listed side effects will occur. |
c0a4757b0d3dfcd933af1f74d01d04d4 | How do steroids work? | When doctors give steroids by mouth or intravenously, they cannot be sure an adequate amount of the steroid will eventually reach the problem area. Steroids are often injected directly into joints to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or other inflammatory diseases. |
5946ebe629d08b633575e43226ad7281 | How does my age affect my diabetes? | Aging can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Some hurdles you may face include: Lower mental energy and memory loss, which can make it harder to plan meals and remember to take medication Changes in your body that keep medicine from working as well as it once did Eyesight problems, which can cause you to make mistakes reading your blood sugar levels or taking the right dose of insulin Medications you take for other problems interacting with your diabetes meds and affecting how well they work By making a plan with your health care team and listening closely to your changing body, you can continue to live a healthy life. |
7b1b2e094c2ec1b8167fd20d0604d0e0 | What is diabetes like in older adults? | Aging can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Some hurdles you may face include: Lower mental energy and memory loss, which can make it harder to plan meals and remember to take medication Changes in your body that keep medicine from working as well as it once did Eyesight problems, which can cause you to make mistakes reading your blood sugar levels or taking the right dose of insulin Medications you take for other problems interacting with your diabetes meds and affecting how well they work By making a plan with your health care team and listening closely to your changing body, you can continue to live a healthy life. |
6c897ed599ec6ed48562c5d88d43a657 | How can you tell if something is wrong with your body if you have diabetes? | When you have type 2 diabetes, even small signs can be a clue that something bigger is brewing: Leg pain, numbness, or sores that take a long time to heal might mean your arteries are becoming diseased. Feeling shaky, sweaty, irritable, or confused can be a sign of low blood sugar. Falling and breaking bones often could mean your bones aren't getting enough calcium, possibly because of osteoporosis. The good news is that staying on top of your diabetes will help you avoid -- and in some cases, reverse -- serious complications. Stay in tune with how you feel, and report any changes to your doctor. |
f5401eab9a9ce72c8dcdd46efb4046d1 | What can I do to manage my diabetes medications? | To stay on top of your day-to-day needs: Make a list of everything you're taking and what it's for. Stick to one pharmacy when you fill your prescriptions, so your records are all together. Store meds in a pill organizer to help you remember whether you've taken your daily dose or not. Use your phone's alarm, a timer, or other device to remind you when it's time to take your dose. Make taking your meds part of your daily routine so it becomes a habit. |
09490a2f87868b702532f085e5916ce9 | How can I make sure I have a balanced diet if I have diabetes? | Use this as a guide for the rest: Fill half of your plate with non-starchy vegetables like broccoli, greens, or carrots. Fill one-fourth of your plate with whole grains or starchy vegetables like whole wheat noodles, brown rice, or sweet potatoes. Fill one-fourth of your plate with proteins like meat, eggs, or fish. |
83c021b9066d70dcc998517b7439c356 | Who can help me live well with diabetes? | Aging can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Some hurdles you may face include: Lower mental energy and memory loss, which can make it harder to plan meals and remember to take medication Changes in your body that keep medicine from working as well as it once did Eyesight problems, which can cause you to make mistakes reading your blood sugar levels or taking the right dose of insulin Medications you take for other problems interacting with your diabetes meds and affecting how well they work By making a plan with your health care team and listening closely to your changing body, you can continue to live a healthy life. There are many medical professionals who can help you live well with diabetes, including: Endocrinologists Nurses Registered dietitians Pharmacists Diabetes educators Foot doctors Eye doctors Dentists Your risk of depression goes up with both diabetes and age. |
e382269c4affa75cb188d8201851cff8 | What happens when I often have low blood sugar levels due to diabetes? | Diabetes puts you at higher risk of heart attack and stroke, so other numbers to keep tabs on are your: Blood pressure Cholesterol levels It's just as important to prevent low blood sugar as it is to keep it from going too high. Bouts of low blood sugar can double your risk of getting Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia. When your thinking is off, you won't be able to handle your diabetes well. |
c66b059e61a41a91f052de36c0fee689 | How can you manage your medications for diabetes? | It can be hard to keep up with your medications while also keeping track of meal planning and other diabetes-related tasks. To stay on top of your day-to-day needs: Make a list of everything you're taking and what it's for. Stick to one pharmacy when you fill your prescriptions, so your records are all together. Store meds in a pill organizer to help you remember whether you've taken your daily dose or not. Use your phone's alarm, a timer, or other device to remind you when it's time to take your dose. Make taking your meds part of your daily routine so it becomes a habit. |
5024c186cb11fdf7a3b15c08101a2b64 | How often should I exercise if I have diabetes? | Make it a goal to do some sort of exercise for 30 minutes a day, 5 or more days a week. Walking is a great way to raise your heart rate and stay healthy. You can also get exercise by: Doing yoga or tai chi Digging and planting in a garden Using resistance bands or light weights Dancing Swimming or doing water aerobics It has ways to tell you something's off. |
48b5d1ccb0aa77d49a9d07556a8ab353 | How is a modified radical mastectomy done for breast cancer? | The surgeon removes all of your breast tissue, including your nipple and lymph nodes in the armpit. He leaves the chest muscles intact. This may be a good option if you have invasive breast cancer. |
8fad564774df41a71a1c625800e86e93 | When should you get a simple or total mastectomy for breast cancer? | You're most likely to have this procedure when the cancer isn't in your lymph nodes, or if you're having a mastectomy to lower your risk of getting breast cancer. |
be30583b060e1380510e261106d4b595 | Which genes cause myelofibrosis and are they inherited? | About 90% of people who get this kind of cancer have a change in one of three genes: JAK2, CALR, or MPL. These genes change during your lifetime, but we don't know why. Maybe you were exposed to toxic chemicals or radiation. In most cases, you don't inherit these gene problems from your parents, and you don't pass them on to your children. |
bc75cb58f609f41e72e8d11d56f732d2 | How does myelofibrosis (MF) affect your organs? | Organs: Because your marrow has problems making blood cells, organs like your spleen, liver, or lungs may start the process instead. You could also make blood cells in your spinal cord or lymph nodes -- small glands in your groin, neck, and armpits. All that extra blood can cause organs to get too large, especially your spleen. You might feel pain or fullness in your belly if that happens. This can be serious, so you need to get it looked at right away. |
eac1832bf4474b985a951d3065f03ee7 | What do different blood cells do and how does myelofibrosis affect them? | Red blood cells bring oxygen to your organs and tissues like muscles. If you have too few (your doctor will call this anemia), you might feel weak, short of breath, lightheaded, or really tired. You might have bone pain. White blood cells help you fight off infections. If you have too many, your body can't defend you from illness like it's supposed to. Platelets make your blood clot when you get a cut so you can form a scab and heal. Without enough working platelets, it may be hard for you to stop bleeding. |
e208a80e09fcdbdf554ff30bfa269649 | What causes myelofibrosis? | A problem with one of your genes causes you to make stem cells that don't work the way they should. These are the cells that make blood in your bone marrow. |
1a7589e17b8c0e807de3e88d14b79b03 | How does myelofibrosis spread in the body and can it be prevented? | These faulty genes make copies of themselves. The bad versions spread through your marrow and try to stop your body from making normal blood cells. We don't know how to prevent MF. |
2c0a479a86429809ca9f2e6d08811582 | What ages and gender are most likely to get myelofibrosis? | Most people are diagnosed around age 60. Both men and women can get it. About 18,000 people in the U. S. are living with MF. Young adults or small children can get myelofibrosis, but it's rare. Girls are affected twice as often as boys when it happens in childhood. |
1ab6a78209bb04580a82947d904125bc | What can increase your risk of myelofibrosis? | You may get MF by itself. Or it could happen if you have another type of cancer that spreads to your marrow. Blood cancers like leukemia or myeloma could also bring it on. Long-term exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals like benzene could make you more likely to get MF. But that doesn't happen often. |
128ef570df44b310071c5c09be6ef29a | How do antiplatelets work for reducing the risk of blood clots? | Antiplatelets are blood thinners. They make blood less likely to clot, which can help prevent heart attacks and strokes. However, antiplatelets don't slow down or reverse atherosclerosis. |
a1e091bbf89dadb502463b5c2be2d6be | How do plant sterols work for atherosclerosis? | Getting plant sterols every day can reduce cholesterol modestly by about 10%. |
ec2a5020c4ba296f6dc8d44556302b27 | What are fibrates and how are they used to reduce triglycerides? | Statins include: Atorvastatin ( Lipitor) Fluvastatin ( Lescol), Lovastatin ( Altoprev, Mevacor), Pitavastatin ( Livalo) Pravastatin ( Pravachol) Rosuvastatin calcium ( Crestor) Simvastatin ( Zocor) Fibrates are drugs that reduce triglyceride levels. Triglycerides are not cholesterol, but they are fats that contribute to atherosclerosis. There are two fibrates used in the U. S.: Gemfibrozil ( Lopid) Fenofibrate ( Antara, Fenoglide, Lipofen, Lofibra, Tricor, Triglide, Trilipix) Fibrates also slightly increase "good" cholesterol also called HDL. |
67befa5b944856a943e4dae7147fffcc | How does clopidogrel reduce the risk of blood clots? | Clopidogrel ( Plavix): Clopidogrel acts similar to aspirin. This drug is useful in preventing clots from forming inside stents placed in the heart's arteries. |
0b6d7704e4de38fc9e0f8e6ab89a33df | Can you completely reverse atherosclerosis with statins? | Completely reversing it isn't possible yet. But taking a statin can reduce the risk of complications from atherosclerosis. It decreases inflammation, which stabilizes the plaque. For this reason, statins are often key to treating atherosclerosis. |
a432c7ed3e6c63c36358672c15b8f3a4 | How does alirocumab and evolocumab work for atherosclerosis? | Alirocumab ( Praluent) and evolocumab ( Repatha) are included in a new class of drugs called proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 ( PCSK9) inhibitors. They are for use by patients who cannot control their cholesterol through diet and statin treatments. For those with established cardiovascular disease, evolocumab has also proven to be effective in significantly reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. |
236880128c3080508ae39b39e559453f | What are the benefits of blood thinners for atherosclerosis? | The benefits of blood thinners come at the price of an increased risk of bleeding. For most people at risk from atherosclerosis, though, the benefits of antiplatelets outweigh the risks. Speak with your doctor before starting an aspirin regimen or any other heart medication. There are no proven cures for atherosclerosis. But medication can and lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of complications. |
2cfbf035ed2e78dd09586c3acc9b7e8b | Can statins help atherosclerosis? | Taking a statin for a year or longer can even slightly shrink plaques that cause atherosclerosis. This reversal of atherosclerosis surprised many experts who believed it couldn't be done. |
d101d689103acf22f3eb0606345a3e24 | How does ticagrelor reduce the risk of blood clots? | Ticagrelor ( Brilinta): Ticagrelor is similar to clopidogrel. This drug is less effective if patients take more than 100 milligrams a day of aspirin. A "baby aspirin" contains 81 milligrams of aspirin. An FDA "black box" warning tells doctors about the risk of using higher doses of aspirin along with ticagrelor. |
cf1adb31cc10b56b52c0fee3d07f52c3 | How do bile acid sequestrants work for atherosclerosis? | This leads to a lower bile acid level. You need bile, so when that happens, cholesterol must be used to make more. This lowers blood cholesterol levels. |
50c489f6d57e0e5c857fb6b8a1a9f1f9 | How does aspirin reduce the risk of blood clots? | Aspirin: Plain old aspirin is actually a powerful blood thinner. A baby aspirin a day can reduce the risk of first heart attacks and strokes by about 25%. |
42d2683d8e8095112bdffe0d84c3258f | How does warfarin reduce the risk of blood clots? | Warfarin ( Coumadin): This powerful blood thinner is an anticoagulant. It is not generally used to treat atherosclerosis. Warfarin is used for other medical conditions that involve blood clots, for example, atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis. It has not been shown to be better than aspirin in preventing heart attacks. |
09ddb12969eefde0cd70cb59c62d5e78 | How do Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa work for atherosclerosis? | Epanova, Lovaza, Omtryg, and Vascepa --all containing omega-3s -- are prescription drugs that can be used with diet to lower high levels of triglycerides. |
9afe2fc4abbdf28b2109adfb0c122453 | How long do you need to take tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | You may have to take these medications for a long time. If you go off them because you feel better, your inflammation can come back. Some people can cut down their dose instead of stopping the drugs altogether. Always take your medication as your doctor prescribes. |
4e8ad1b777270ab79ea567cad338b900 | Do some people have allergic reactions to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? | Other possible side effects include: Coughing Headaches Heartburn Nausea or vomiting Stomach pain Weakness A few people have a serious allergic reaction. If your lips swell, you have trouble breathing, or you feel dizzy, it could be an allergic reaction. Seek emergency care right away. |
9eb9e983942cb2156a2a201d055c7853 | How can inflammation damage the body? | Inflammation that's out of control can damage your body. You might have pain or swelling or feel ill. These drugs block the action of TNF. |
52708bf92013d44faf5601151ac3c059 | Are tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors made in the lab? | Your doctor wil help find one that is available and that's best for you: Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-adaz ( Hyrimoz), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Certolizumab pegol ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) a biosimilar to Remicade Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade TNF inhibitors are antibodies made in a lab from human or animal tissue. ( Your body makes antibodies to fight off infections.) Once they're put into your blood, they cause a reaction in your immune system that blocks inflammation. |
48d79e8f2cc1cd61015220bdef1fb3d1 | What are the side effects of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | Like any drug, TNF inhibitors may have side effects. You may have redness, burning, or itching where the needle goes into your skin. This usually goes away in a few days. Other possible side effects include: Coughing Headaches Heartburn Nausea or vomiting Stomach pain Weakness A few people have a serious allergic reaction. If your lips swell, you have trouble breathing, or you feel dizzy, it could be an allergic reaction. Seek emergency care right away. |
7af266df35c49c55b9b27edcf0be91c6 | Am I at a higher risk of getting cancer if I take tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis? | It's rare, but you also could be at higher risk of getting cancer if you take TNF inhibitors, including lymphoma or skin cancer. Some people may get serious brain reactions. Those with heart failure or multiple sclerosis shouldn't take these drugs. |
f9fb21a3a391434ae0423215211b0a51 | Should I take tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors during pregnancy? | You probably shouldn't take your TNF drug while pregnant because doctors don't yet know how they might affect your unborn baby. You may be able to take other treatments for your inflammation while you are pregnant. |
a8586726bdcaed430e2f8eda4b904639 | How do you take tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | Some TNF inhibitors, including Cimzia, Humira, Enbrel, Erelzi, and Simponi, are given as shots under the skin. You'll get your first one or two at your doctor's office; then your doctor or a nurse will show you how to give them to yourself. Once you get comfortable with that, pre-filled shots can be shipped to your home. Every 1 to 4 weeks, you'll inject your TNF inhibitor under the skin of your thigh or abdomen. You can use a different spot each time. Remicade, Inflectra, and Simponi Aria, a version of Simponi, are given as infusions at a clinic or your doctor's office. While you lie still, it's slowly dripped into your vein through a tube. For Remicade, each session can take around 2 hours, and you'll need treatment every 4 to 8 weeks. With Simponi Aria, the sessions last 30 minutes. After two starter doses one month apart, they're given once every 8 weeks. |
a90931ce5f8cc207dc532569e8f64a17 | What should you do before taking tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | You should make sure you're up to date on all vaccines before taking TNF medications because after you start taking them, your immune system could be diminished. And you shouldn't get live viruses while taking these drugs because of possible adverse reactions and they can interfere with how well the vaccines work. |
7831e299274b2436616c96c7ae31a265 | How long will I need to take tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You may have to take these medications for a long time. If you go off them because you feel better, your inflammation can come back. Some people can cut down their dose instead of stopping the drugs altogether. Always take your medication as your doctor prescribes. |
8706965ce8f9d2cab4cf274ff1a56ddc | When should you avoid taking tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | You probably shouldn't take your TNF drug while pregnant because doctors don't yet know how they might affect your unborn baby. You may be able to take other treatments for your inflammation while you are pregnant. |
fa26a087a5e64f5a6eae67bf240e31e4 | What should you do if one tumor necrosis factor inhibitor doesn't work well for you? | If one TNF inhibitor doesn't work well for you, your doctor may switch you to another to see if it works better. |
a061414a13a8ad0122697cb0e2816f83 | What tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are available for use? | Your doctor wil help find one that is available and that's best for you: Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-adaz ( Hyrimoz), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Certolizumab pegol ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) a biosimilar to Remicade Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade TNF inhibitors are antibodies made in a lab from human or animal tissue. |
f97bd161e22cfeeca94166606e5505f7 | What is a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor? | TNF inhibitors are drugs that help stop inflammation. They're used to treat diseases like rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis ( UC), and Crohn's disease. They're also called TNF blockers, biologic therapies, or anti- TNF drugs. |
6529a6d62f24d704992d808e9b0fb151 | What infections can be worsened by tumor necrosis factor inhibitors? | Your doctor probably will test you for TB and hepatitis B before you start taking a TNF inhibitor to make sure you don't have either of those without knowing it. The drugs can make the effects of those infections worse. If you need antibiotics for an infection, you may have to stop taking your TNF inhibitor until the infection is cleared up. It's rare, but you also could be at higher risk of getting cancer if you take TNF inhibitors, including lymphoma or skin cancer. Some people may get serious brain reactions. Those with heart failure or multiple sclerosis shouldn't take these drugs. |
d0a6a9f6849e3bbe6dd6913ce63b0b2f | What are the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors available for prescription usage? | Your doctor wil help find one that is available and that's best for you: Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-adbm ( Cyltezo), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-adaz ( Hyrimoz), a biosimilar to Humira Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Certolizumab pegol ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) a biosimilar to Remicade Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade TNF inhibitors are antibodies made in a lab from human or animal tissue. |
db820ae95213e32b934cecff810620ab | Can I switch tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors that I use to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | If you need antibiotics for an infection, you may have to stop taking your TNF inhibitor until the infection is cleared up. |
3524e95ac73432a939a6fcf002824345 | Will I get tested for tuberculosis and hepatitis B before I start taking tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Your doctor probably will test you for TB and hepatitis B before you start taking a TNF inhibitor to make sure you don't have either of those without knowing it. The drugs can make the effects of those infections worse. |
65388808fbbb2ef9944669b016712212 | Should I be up to date on all vaccines if I'm going to take tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | You should make sure you're up to date on all vaccines before taking TNF medications because after you start taking them, your immune system could be diminished. And you shouldn't get live viruses while taking these drugs because of possible adverse reactions and they can interfere with how well the vaccines work. |
6bd8e8e8dc7290cef149a7ad297b1153 | Can I take tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors if I'm also taking antibiotics for an infection? | If you need antibiotics for an infection, you may have to stop taking your TNF inhibitor until the infection is cleared up. |
241ee22b4e67959c40e81e58c20ff6b6 | What are the side effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors used to treat rheumatoid arthritis? | Like any drug, TNF inhibitors may have side effects. You may have redness, burning, or itching where the needle goes into your skin. This usually goes away in a few days. Other possible side effects include: Coughing Headaches Heartburn Nausea or vomiting Stomach pain Weakness A few people have a serious allergic reaction. |
b13e2a2755411a5cdd77cbd22c3ab949 | How are hot spots in dogs treated? | Read more about hot spots in dogs. |
3dce76fa52a2c14e7467050ab1bcc3d9 | What causes vomiting in dogs? | Vomiting is a common dog health problem, with dozens of possible causes, from infection or intestinal parasites to pancreatitis, kidney failure, heatstroke, an obstructuion in the stomach or intestine, or poisoning. |
93efd12e0a69ded8256c8cd7aa2ea999 | What are hot spots in dogs? | They’re commonly known as hot spots, but the medical term for those bare, inflamed, red areas you often see on dogs is acute moist dermatitis -- a bacterial skin infection. Anything that irritates your dog's skin enough to make him scratch or chew can lead to the pain and itch of hot spots, which, if left untreated, can quickly grow larger. A hot spot's location can help your vet diagnose its cause. Fleas, for example, may be the source of a hip hot spot, while a hot spot at the ear might point to ear problems. |
fa58162fb1998303fd53a356bd4aac5f | What is the best way to diagnose a worm problem in dogs? | Signs your dog may have worms include: Diarrhea (may be bloody) Weight loss A change in appetite A rough, dry coat Scooting on his bottom Vomiting (with roundworms in particular) An overall poor appearance The best way to diagnose a worm problem is with a visit to the vet. Treatment depends on which type of worm your dog has, but generally includes an oral medication and may require follow-up. Don't try treating worms yourself: A medication that kills roundworms, for example, doesn't kill tapeworms. |
e4bc73ec3ed9b1f5fa98a018c217fb52 | What treatments are needed for anal fissures? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The goal of treatment is to relieve pain and discomfort, and heal the torn lining. Acute anal fissures -- the ones that don't last longer than 6 weeks -- are common and usually heal on their own with self-care. Chronic anal fissures -- those that last longer than 6 weeks -- may need medicine or surgery to help them heal. |
b5630b6027dfd7a57baa13486c95e49b | What are the risks of Bisphenol A (BPA)? | The FDA maintains that studies using standardized toxicity tests have shown BPA to be safe at the current low levels of human exposure. But based on other evidence -- largely from animal studies -- the FDA expressed "some concern" about the potential effects of BPA on the brain, behavior, and prostate glands in fetuses, infants, and young children. |
18743a90b9897ba89590bca3ac704429 | What is Bisphenol A (BPA)? | BPA is a chemical that has been used to harden plastics for more than 40 years. It's everywhere. It's in medical devices, compact discs, dental sealants, water bottles, the lining of canned foods and drinks, and many other products. More than 90% of us have BPA in our bodies right now. We get most of it by eating foods that have been in containers made with BPA. It's also possible to pick up BPA through air, dust, and water. |
d52777ee3f070956a640c34f02d65dba | What is the standard diagnostic guideline for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? | Along with abdominal cramping and discomfort, IBS symptoms may include: Bloating Gas Constipation -- the stool comes out either lumpy or hard Diarrhea -- the stool comes out loose or watery Alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea Bowel movements that feel uncontrollably urgent, difficult to pass, or incomplete Clear or white mucus with the stool To determine whether your digestive problems are truly IBS, doctors need to see two out of the following three features: A bowel movement relieves the ache and suffering There's a change in how often the stool comes out The stool looks different The standard diagnostic guideline for IBS, called the Rome IV criteria, requires that you have these symptoms for at least 1 day a week in the last 3 months and that symptoms started at least six months prior. But most doctors don't follow that requirement closely, says Philip Schoenfeld, MD, MSEd, MSc. |
f1af4d628e03a5bbaef67806645f8b2a | What are the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? | Along with abdominal cramping and discomfort, IBS symptoms may include: Bloating Gas Constipation -- the stool comes out either lumpy or hard Diarrhea -- the stool comes out loose or watery Alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea Bowel movements that feel uncontrollably urgent, difficult to pass, or incomplete Clear or white mucus with the stool To determine whether your digestive problems are truly IBS, doctors need to see two out of the following three features: A bowel movement relieves the ache and suffering There's a change in how often the stool comes out The stool looks different The standard diagnostic guideline for IBS, called the Rome IV criteria, requires that you have these symptoms for at least 1 day a week in the last 3 months and that symptoms started at least six months prior. |
88dfb9d153bc937f73a09c75a53bb650 | What are the defining features of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? | Along with abdominal cramping and discomfort, IBS symptoms may include: Bloating Gas Constipation -- the stool comes out either lumpy or hard Diarrhea -- the stool comes out loose or watery Alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea Bowel movements that feel uncontrollably urgent, difficult to pass, or incomplete Clear or white mucus with the stool To determine whether your digestive problems are truly IBS, doctors need to see two out of the following three features: A bowel movement relieves the ache and suffering There's a change in how often the stool comes out The stool looks different The standard diagnostic guideline for IBS, called the Rome IV criteria, requires that you have these symptoms for at least 1 day a week in the last 3 months and that symptoms started at least six months prior. |
17b5abf4a909ef03ee4e010d8a77a2c5 | How can irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) be misdiagnosed? | Doctors can determine whether your symptoms are IBS or signs of another problem. IBS is often confused with other illnesses, so doctors will need to ask questions and perform tests to confirm a diagnosis. Blood in the stool, fever, weight loss, and continuing pain are NOT symptoms of IBS. If you have these symptoms, see a doctor right away. |
d1fe1a41fa62ac54d4ddcb30f75e8203 | How do I know if my loved one with Alzheimer's disease needs assisted living? | As you think about her day-to-day needs, consider these questions: Do you worry about her health or safety when she's alone at home? Are you physically able to handle her care? Does the help she needs keep you from your work, family, or personal life? Are you feeling more stressed, irritable, or burned out? Would the structure and social life in a care facility be good for her? |
f5921872c4dc6cad9b118af0faf39930 | What lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of atherosclerosis? | Reducing the risk factors that lead to atherosclerosis will slow or stop the process. Ways to reduce the amount of cholesterol in your body involves taking cholesterol and blood pressure medication, eating a healthy diet, getting frequent exercise, and not smoking. These treatments won't unclog arteries. They do, though, lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. |
7093a17a9e9f758ac3e90436714b9816 | How do cholesterol plaques cause peripheral arterial disease? | Peripheral arterial disease -- Blocked arteries in the legs can cause pain on walking and poor wound healing due to poor circulation. Severe disease may lead to amputations. |
2318ab9e0ae9de82430372d062b844cf | How do cholesterol plaques cause cerebrovascular disease? | Cerebrovascular disease -- Cholesterol plaque can rupture in one of the brain's arteries. This causes a stroke, leading to permanent brain damage. Blockages can also cause transient ischemic attacks, or TIAs. A TIA has symptoms like those of stroke. But they are temporary and there is no permanent brain damage. However, patients who experience a TIA are at a much higher risk of a subsequent stroke, so medical attention and care is essential. |
6da6f11e7e1b0d4fc4b87b679f25a92a | How do cholesterol plaques behave? | Once established, cholesterol plaques can behave in different ways. They can stay within the artery wall. The cholesterol plaque may stop growing, or may grow into the wall, out of the path of blood. Plaques can grow in a slow, controlled way into the path of blood flow. Slow-growing cholesterol plaques may or may not ever cause any symptoms -- even with severely blocked arteries. Cholesterol plaques can suddenly rupture -- the worst case scenario. This will allow blood to clot inside an artery. In the heart, this causes a heart attack. In the brain, it causes a stroke. |
7ac981ca4048e135ae5dae5dca109a29 | How do cholesterol plaques cause coronary artery disease? | Cholesterol plaques from atherosclerosis cause the three main kinds of cardiovascular disease: Coronary artery disease -- Stable cholesterol plaques in the heart's arteries can cause no symptoms or can cause chest pain called angina. Sudden cholesterol plaque rupture and clotting causes blocked arteries. When that happens, heart muscle dies. This is a heart attack, also called myocardial infarction. |
862d95b9fa86399b32e6a8b1513eb9d3 | What is bypass surgery and how can it unclog arteries? | Bypass surgery: Surgeons harvest a healthy blood vessel from the leg or chest. They use the healthy vessel to bypass blocked arteries. |
eebc6513f2d5d43c8a84769da8eb3ab1 | How do I know if I am eligible to be covered for refractive or laser eye surgery? | Eye surgery when a patient is not only unable to wear glasses due to physical limitation (such as an allergy or deformity), but cannot wear contacts due to physical limitation (lens intolerance) Check with your insurance company to determine if you are enrolled in a plan that provides benefits. You may have to cover the costs as an out-of-pocket expense or with your flexible spending account or health savings account. |
b9730e014a43d04ff386569c1585050c | How can I prevent diarrhea? | The most important way to avoid diarrhea is to avoid coming into contact with infectious agents that can cause it. This means that good hand washing and hygiene are very important. Also, if you travel to developing countries, you should take the following precautions: Drink only bottled water, even for tooth brushing. Avoid eating food from street vendors. Avoid ice made with tap water. Eat only those fruits or vegetables that are cooked or can be peeled. Be sure that all foods you eat are thoroughly cooked and served steaming hot. |
26f1ae17cc5189b5236cc5320c03f820 | What does a sore throat mean? | The raw, scratchy, burning feeling at the back of your throat is often the first warning sign that you have a cold, or that the flu is on the way. But it can also be the first symptom of more serious conditions, so you should watch how it develops. Call your doctor if your sore throat feels worse or lasts longer than the run-of-the-mill type. |
38542ecef609aea63809d22775faf2b8 | What causes xanthelasma? | About half the people with xanthelasma have high cholesterol. You're more likely to get these growths if you have: High LDL ("bad") cholesterol or low HDL ("good") cholesterol Inherited high cholesterol (your doctor might call this familial hypercholesterolemia) Liver disease called primary biliary cirrhosis, which can raise cholesterol levels It's most common among people whose families are from Asia or the Mediterranean. |
e08762979cc41f8f157574371297d491 | What other heart diseases are linked to xanthelasma? | The growths may also be linked to other heart disease risks, like: Diabetes High blood pressure Obesity Smoking If you notice growths on your eyelids and want them removed, see a dermatologist or an aculoplastics surgeon. |
4f5c1fca38f83f7241dbff570c199e56 | What are the side effects of treatment for xanthelasma? | Your doctor can do that with one of these methods: Dissolve the growth with medicine Freeze it off with intense cold (he'll call this cryosurgery) Remove it with a laser Take it off with surgery Treat it with an electric needle (you might hear this called electrodesiccation) These treatments work well, but there can be side effects like: Scars Changes in skin color Turned-out eyelid The growths may come back, especially if you have inherited high cholesterol. |
d7be9eb3f1aaa542a73f8f8626020d8e | What is iron poisoning? | iron poisoning, poisoning, vitamin poisoning, iron-containing pills, vitamins with iron, poison proofing |
625f645ed4e21f02093988e8be8b0e96 | What is the outlook for children who had experienced iron poisoning? | Full recovery is likely for children (or adults) who show no symptoms for at least 6 hours after swallowing pills. Those with symptoms may be ill and require more aggressive treatment. Iron poisoning can progress through several stages. A late, or hepatic stage, develops 2-5 days after ingestion. The person may have elevated liver enzymes, possibly resulting in liver failure. Another late stage involves gastrointestinal scarring. Some 4-6 weeks after ingestion, the final stage manifests with early satiety (fullness after eating) or nausea from GI scarring and obstruction. |
89f99938e84e7644f24033081d334613 | How is depression with erectile dysfunction treated? | Antidepressants: Many different drugs, including Prozac, Zoloft, Elavil, and Wellbutrin, are used to treat depression. Some antidepressants can cause or worsen ED, so be honest with your doctor about your condition so that he or she can prescribe an appropriate treatment. Talk therapy: During therapy, a licensed and trained mental health care professional helps you identify and work through issues related to ED and depression. Types of talk therapy include couples therapy, individual therapy, and group therapy. |
f0bda9ad9ec9179bd3e9f7d0ea5e1252 | How is depression with erectile dysfunction diagnosed? | Tell your doctor how you are feeling so that you can start feeling like yourself again. There is no single test that can diagnose depression; however, there are certain patterns that doctors look for in order to make the diagnosis. As a result, your doctor will ask you several questions. Be honest with your answers so that you can receive the care you need. |
2a4c7643460e3151031ad0266cfded92 | How can I know if I have depression that's linked to erectile dysfunction? | The most common symptoms of depression include: Low self-esteem Loss of interest in formerly pleasurable activities Fatigue Changes in appetite Sleep disturbances Apathy Depression affects the way one feels about oneself and the way one thinks about life. |
bc7209acddcf3ba432daced088401f91 | How do I treat early-onset Alzheimer's disease? | An important part of managing your condition is to stay as positive as you can. Keep up with the activities you still enjoy. Try different ways to relax, like yoga or deep-breathing. Keep your body in good shape, too. Make sure you eat healthy food and get regular exercise. |
f1251c6b025b84f3067f8c2d1f4dc4e1 | How should I get ready for the future in regards to early-onset Alzheimer's disease? | There are plans you can start making now that will be a big help later. For example, meet with a lawyer to learn about the arrangements you'll need. Giving someone "power of attorney," lets the people you love make health and money decisions for you when you can no longer do that on your own. It's also a good idea to think about how you'll pay for some of your future health costs. Some things to consider are safety equipment you'll need at home or getting help from a professional caregiver. Get your family together to talk about your finances, and how much money you're likely to need to get proper care. Now is also the time to start building your team. Lots of different people will be on it. Your relatives, friends, neighbors, and health professionals all have a role. Your family and your doctor can help you put a group together. The important thing is to figure out what you want, make a specific, realistic plan, and to let people around you know. |
35b7f6b3aebd91659c30df4c4a624756 | What happens when you stop taking Adderall? | When you quit taking the drug, your dopamine levels drop and your body and brain have to adjust to the change. Most people who take it as instructed don't have any issues if they take a break from it. But if you use it too often or take too much, you might notice some effects when you stop. |
20268844838d8f7f9a26e004292ec142 | How can you prevent Adderall withdrawal symptoms? | Adderall should only be used under a doctor's care and typically for only a short time. There's no way to guarantee that you won't have withdrawal symptoms, but you may be less likely to if you: Take the medicine only as instructed. Get regular checkups while you're taking it. Talk to your doctor about lowering your dose before stopping. |
72490e90cbb609e87f5aa799cea02f02 | How can end-stage heart failure cause anxiety? | This disease can make you worry about your health. You may even have physical symptoms like sweating, shortness of breath, or fatigue. Depression or anxiety may be even more likely with advanced heart failure. Talk to your doctor about ways to get help. |
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